μύκης

grc-noun

μῠ́κης • (mŭ́kēs) m (genitive μῠ́κητος); third declension

μῠ́κης (canonical)
mŭ́kēs (romanization)
μῠ́κητος (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́κης (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κητε (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́κητες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́κητος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠκήτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠκήτων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́κητῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠκήτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́κησῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́κησῐν (dative plural)
toîs mŭ́kēsĭ (dative plural)
toîs mŭ́kēsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́κητᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κητε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́κητᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́κης (singular vocative)
μῠ́κητε (dual vocative)
μῠ́κητες (plural vocative)

Greek: μύκητας (mýkitas)

→ Italian: micete

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܘܩܝܛܐ, ܡܝܘܩܝܛܐܣ

Translingual: Mycetozoa (taxonomic infraphylum)

Traditionally taken to be a formation in -ητ- from Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slip, slime”), the same root of Latin mūcus (“snivel”); for the development of meaning, compare Proto-Slavic *glìva (“fungus”) beside Lithuanian gléivės (“slime”), from *gleh₁y- (“to be smeary”).

der

any mushroom-shaped object, hence:
(botany) excrescence on trees

any mushroom-shaped object, hence:
excrescence on trees


ὀφθαλμός

grc-noun

ὀφθᾰλμός • (ophthălmós) m (genitive ὀφθᾰλμοῦ); second declension

ὀφθᾰλμός (canonical)
ophthălmós (romanization)
ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀφθᾰλμός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀφθᾰλμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀφθᾰλμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀφθᾰλμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀφθᾰλμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀφθᾰλμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀφθᾰλμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀφθᾰλμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀφθᾰλμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀφθᾰλμούς (accusative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμέ (singular vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (plural vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμός (nominative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual nominative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (nominative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖο (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμόο (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖῐν (dual genitive)
ὀφθᾰλμῶν (genitive plural)
ὀφθᾰλμῷ (dative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖῐν (dative dual)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖσῐ (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖσῐν (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖς (dative plural)
ophthălmoîsĭ (dative plural)
ophthălmoîsĭn (dative plural)
ophthălmoîs (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμόν (accusative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (accusative dual)
ὀφθᾰλμούς (accusative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμέ (singular vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: οφθαλμός (ofthalmós)

→ English: ophthalmo-

→ French: ophtalmo-

→ German: ophthalmo-

Traditionally derived from ὄψ (óps, “eye”) + θάλαμος (thálamos, “chamber”), but note the usual ancient Greek word for eye is the similar ὤψ (ṓps), with a long /o/. Based on irregular κτ : πτ : φθ variation seen in variants like ὄκταλλος (óktallos) and ὀπτίλλος (optíllos), as well as the suffix -αλλ- (-all-) seen in ὄκταλλος (óktallos) being difficult to explain in Indo-European terms, Beekes takes the word to be of Pre-Greek origin, with proto-form *okʷt-alʸ-m-. The hypothetical Pre-Greek form's similarity to the Proto-Indo-European equivalent *h₃ókʷs (“eye”) is coincidental, according to Beekes; he additionally notes the contrast with the Homeric gloss ὄκκον (ókkon) given to ὀφθαλμόν (ophthalmón), which may be from the Indo-European root.

compound

(botany) eye, bud (such as the eye of a potato)

eye
eye, bud (such as the eye of a potato)


μίσχος

grc-noun

μῐ́σχος • (mĭ́skhos) m (genitive μῐ́σχου); second declension

μῐ́σχος (canonical)
mĭ́skhos (romanization)
μῐ́σχου (genitive)
ὁ μῐ́σχος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σχω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῐ́σχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῐ́σχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῐ́σχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῐ́σχων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῐ́σχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῐ́σχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῐ́σχοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῐ́σχον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῐ́σχους (accusative plural)
μῐ́σχε (singular vocative)
μῐ́σχω (dual vocative)
μῐ́σχοι (plural vocative)

Greek: μίσχος (míschos)

Seemingly first agricultural then made botanical by Theophrastus. μίσκαιος (mískaios, “garden”) with Lithuanian mìškas (“wood, forest”) does not give a likely meaning connection, while μίσκος (mískos, “husk, pod”) is very similar. While Pre-Greek origin has been claimed, the form and variation σχ/σκ looks kind of Semitic, compare μασχάλη (maskhálē, “axil, hollow at the base of a shoot; branch, young palm twig”).

(botany) stalk of leaves or fruit, petiole


κορμός

κορμός • (kormós) m (genitive κορμοῦ); second declension

kormós (romanization)
κορμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κορμός (nominative singular)
τὼ κορμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κορμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κορμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κορμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κορμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κορμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κορμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κορμούς (accusative plural)
κορμέ (singular vocative)
κορμώ (dual vocative)
κορμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: κορμός (kormós)

From Proto-Hellenic *kormós, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), the same root of κείρω (keírō, “to cut”).

(botany) trunk of a tree (with the boughs lopped off)


σπέρμα

σπέρμα • (spérma) n (genitive σπέρμᾰτος); third declension

spérma (romanization)
σπέρμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σπέρμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σπέρμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σπέρμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπέρμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπερμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπερμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σπέρμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπερμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπέρμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σπέρμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs spérmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs spérmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σπέρμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπέρμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σπέρμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σπέρμᾰ (singular vocative)
σπέρμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σπέρμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲥⲡⲉⲣⲙⲁ (sperma)

Greek: σπέρμα (spérma)

Mariupol Greek: сперма (spjerma)

desctree

→ Latin: sperma
Catalan: esperma
Old French: sperme
Middle French: sperme
→ English: sperm
French: sperme
→ German: Sperma
→ Estonian: sperma

From Proto-Indo-European *spérmn̥, which consists of Proto-Indo-European *sper- + Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥. By surface analysis, σπείρω (speírō) + -μα (-ma). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀟𐀔 (pe-ma).


μασχάλη

grc-noun

μᾰσχᾰ́λη • (măskhắlē) f (genitive μᾰσχᾰ́λης); first declension

μᾰσχᾰ́λη (canonical)
măskhắlē (romanization)
μᾰσχᾰ́λης (genitive)
ἡ μᾰσχᾰ́λη (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰσχᾰ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μᾰσχᾰ́λαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μᾰσχᾰ́λης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰσχᾰ́λαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰσχᾰλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μᾰσχᾰ́λῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰσχᾰ́λαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μᾰσχᾰ́λαις (dative plural)
τὴν μᾰσχᾰ́λην (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰσχᾰ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μᾰσχᾰ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
μᾰσχᾰ́λη (singular vocative)
μᾰσχᾰ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
μᾰσχᾰ́λαι (plural vocative)

Greek: μασχάλη (mascháli)

The formation may be compared with that of ἀγκάλη (ankálē, “bent arm”), but further details are unclear. According to Beekes, it is undoubtedly a Pre-Greek word.
Meanwhile Douglas Q. Adams has presented a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱsleh₂, via *h₂eḱs- (“axis, axle”), ultimately from the root *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”), and source to Latin āla (“wing, armpit”), axilla (“little wing, armpit”) as well as Proto-Germanic *ahslō (“shoulder”). He finds that a Proto-Hellenic *aksalā could have given *askhalā by simple metathesis, while the initial m- could be either the product of a misdivision of the definite article plus noun (e. g. in the accusative singular *tām aksalā as well as in the respective genitive and dative dual, and genitive plural forms) or a contamination with the semantically similar μάλη (málē, “armpit”) and μαζός (mazós, “breast”).
Immanuel Löw explains it as a Semitic borrowing, related to Jewish Babylonian Aramaic מַתְחֲלָא (maṯḥălā, “calyx surrounding the date in its early state, or spathe of a date-palm”), possibly related to Arabic حُثَالَة (ḥuṯāla, “husks of grain or of dates, refuse of any crop”), both of uncertain internal relations.

cog

(botany) axil, hollow at the base of a shoot


πέλμα

grc-noun

πέλμᾰ • (pélmă) n (genitive πέλμᾰτος); third declension

πέλμᾰ (canonical)
pélmă (romanization)
πέλμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πέλμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πέλμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πέλμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πέλμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πελμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πελμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πέλμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πελμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πέλμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πέλμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pélmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs pélmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ πέλμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πέλμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πέλμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πέλμᾰ (singular vocative)
πέλμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πέλμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πέλμα (pélma)

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *pélmn̥, from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”) and cognate with Proto-Germanic *felmô (“covering, skin”) (whence English film). Compare also Latin pellis (“skin”), Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, hide”) and Proto-Slavic *plěna (“membrane”) from the same root.


ὀμφαλός

grc-noun

ὀμφᾰλός • (omphălós) m (genitive ὀμφᾰλοῦ); second declension

ὀμφᾰλός (canonical)
omphălós (romanization)
ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀμφᾰλός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀμφᾰλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀμφᾰλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀμφᾰλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀμφᾰλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀμφᾰλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀμφᾰλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀμφᾰλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀμφᾰλούς (accusative plural)
ὀμφᾰλέ (singular vocative)
ὀμφᾰλώ (dual vocative)
ὀμφᾰλοί (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: αφαλός m (afalós), ομφαλός m (omfalós, “navel”)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃m̥bʰ-l̥-, from *h₃nebʰ- (“navel, center”). Cognates include Sanskrit नभ्य (nabhya), Latin umbilīcus, and Old English nafola (English navel).

(botany) centre of a plant, containing the seed vessel


βλαστός

grc-noun

βλᾰστός • (blăstós) m (genitive βλᾰστοῦ); second declension

βλᾰστός (canonical)
blăstós (romanization)
βλᾰστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βλᾰστός (nominative singular)
τὼ βλᾰστώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βλᾰστοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βλᾰστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βλᾰστοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βλᾰστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βλᾰστῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βλᾰστοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βλᾰστοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βλᾰστόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βλᾰστώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βλᾰστούς (accusative plural)
βλᾰστέ (singular vocative)
βλᾰστώ (dual vocative)
βλᾰστοί (plural vocative)

Greek: βλαστός (vlastós)

→ English: blasto- (learned)

→⇒ New Latin: blastula (learned)

→ English: blastula, blastule

→ French: blastule

From βλᾰστᾰ́νω (blăstắnō, “to bud, sprout”) + -τός (-tós).


βολβός

grc-noun

βολβός • (bolbós) m (genitive βολβοῦ); second declension

bolbós (romanization)
βολβοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βολβός (nominative singular)
τὼ βολβώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βολβοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βολβοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βολβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βολβῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βολβῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βολβοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βολβοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βολβόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βολβώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βολβούς (accusative plural)
βολβέ (singular vocative)
βολβώ (dual vocative)
βολβοί (plural vocative)

Greek: βολβός (volvós)

→ Latin: bulbus (see there for further descendants)

The form of the word is expressive, with a kind of reduplication. There are no direct relatives and it is reminiscent of words for round and globular objects, like Latin bulla (“water bubble”) and Latvian burbulis (“water bubble”). Further, similar to Armenian բողկ (boġk, “radish”), Sanskrit बल्बज (balbaja, “Indian goosegrass”), and Albanian bajgë.

cog

(botany) bulb of various plants, especially onion


πάππος

grc-noun

πᾰ́ππος • (pắppos) m (genitive πᾰ́ππου); second declension

πᾰ́ππος (canonical)
pắppos (romanization)
πᾰ́ππου (genitive)
ὁ πᾰ́ππος (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ππω (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰ́πποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰ́ππου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰ́πποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰ́ππων (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰ́ππῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰ́πποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰ́πποις (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰ́ππον (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ππω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰ́ππους (accusative plural)
πᾰ́ππε (singular vocative)
πᾰ́ππω (dual vocative)
πᾰ́πποι (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek:

Greek: πάππος (páppos)

Mariupol Greek: па́пус (pápus)

→ Romani: pàpos

→ Latin: pappus

Aromanian: pap

→ English: pappus

→ Italian: pappo

Reduplicated nursery word; compare πάππας (páppas, “daddy, papa”).

(botany) pappus, down on the seeds of certain plants


λοβός

λοβός • (lobós) m (genitive λοβοῦ); second declension

lobós (romanization)
λοβοῦ (genitive)
ὁ λοβός (nominative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (dual nominative)
οἱ λοβοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ λοβοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λοβῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ λοβῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς λοβοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν λοβόν (accusative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς λοβούς (accusative plural)
λοβέ (singular vocative)
λοβώ (dual vocative)
λοβοί (plural vocative)

→ English: lobus

Italian: lobo

→ Middle French: lobe

→ English: lobe

French: lobe

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”), if such a root exists. Uncertain.

der

(botany) capsule or pod of leguminous plants


κλάδος

grc-noun

κλᾰ́δος • (klắdos) m (genitive κλᾰ́δου); second declension

κλᾰ́δος (canonical)
klắdos (romanization)
κλᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δον (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δε (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δοι (plural vocative)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs klăsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)
κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dual genitive)
κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
κλᾰδέων (genitive plural)
κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dative dual)
κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰδέεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κλᾰδῶν/κλᾰδέων

κλᾰσῐ́/κλᾰ́δεσσῐ/κλᾰ́δεσῐ/κλᾰδέεσσῐ

→ English: clade

→ Czech: klad

→ Esperanto: klado

→ Estonian: klaad

→ Finnish: kladi

→ French: clade

→ Polish: klad

→ Portuguese: clado

→ Spanish: clado

→ Greek: κλάδος (kládos) (learned)

→ New Latin: cladus

→ English: cladus

→ Italian: clado

Apparently from a Proto-Hellenic *klə́dos, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥d-o-s (“piece of wood”), which is traditionally linked to *kelh₂- (“to break”). Often compared with Proto-Slavic *kòlda (“block, log”) and Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”). Beekes is skeptical enough of Indo-European origin and particularly the connection of the reconstructed root to *kelh₂- to suggest a Pre-Greek origin, though not skeptical enough to reject an Indo-European origin entirely.
Other potential cognates include Latin clādes, Old Irish caill, Macedonian клада (klada).

der

(botany) young slip or shoot of a tree, such as is broken off for grafting


θάμνος

grc-noun

θᾰ́μνος • (thắmnos) m or f (genitive θᾰ́μνου); second declension

θᾰ́μνος (canonical)
thắmnos (romanization)
θᾰ́μνου (genitive)
ὁ θᾰ́μνος (nominative singular)
τὼ θᾰ́μνω (dual nominative)
οἱ θᾰ́μνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ θᾰ́μνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θᾰ́μνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θᾰ́μνων (genitive plural)
τῷ θᾰ́μνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θᾰ́μνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θᾰ́μνοις (dative plural)
τὸν θᾰ́μνον (accusative singular)
τὼ θᾰ́μνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς θᾰ́μνους (accusative plural)
θᾰ́μνε (singular vocative)
θᾰ́μνω (dual vocative)
θᾰ́μνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: θάμνος (thámnos)

This word exists next to θαμινός (thaminós, “crowded, close-set”) and θαμά (thamá, “often”) just as πυκνός (puknós, “thick, dense”) next to πυκινός (pukinós, “thick”) and πύκα (púka, “thickly, strongly”); the barytonesis is caused by the substantivization. Not, as per Alessio, related to Latin tamnus (“kind of grape”). With its ending in -αμνος, the word seems Pre-Greek; its meaning makes this quite possible.


φλοιός

φλοιός • (phloiós) m (genitive φλοιοῦ); second declension

phloiós (romanization)
φλοιοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φλοιός (nominative singular)
τὼ φλοιώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φλοιοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φλοιοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλοιοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλοιῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φλοιῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλοιοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φλοιοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φλοιόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φλοιώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φλοιούς (accusative plural)
φλοιέ (singular vocative)
φλοιώ (dual vocative)
φλοιοί (plural vocative)

Formally, it belongs to φλέω (phléō, “to abound”) together with φλόος (phlóos, “skin, slough”). Semantically, the connection with φλέω (phléō) is clear in ὑπέρφλοιος (hupérphloios, “luxuriant, succulent”). Frisk thinks that the rind may have received its name from its being rich in flesh and juice, as opposed to the wood underneath. However, it could also be from the same Pre-Greek of φλέως (phléōs, “Ravenna grass”), which is suggested for φλέω (phléō) too.

(botany) bark of trees, especially smooth bark


κέλυφος

κέλῡφος • (kélūphos) n (genitive κελῡ́φους); third declension

κέλῡφος (canonical)
kélūphos (romanization)
κελῡ́φους (genitive)
τὸ κέλῡφος (nominative singular)
τὼ κελῡ́φει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κελῡ́φη (nominative plural)
τοῦ κελῡ́φους (genitive singular)
τοῖν κελῡφοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κελῡφῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κελῡ́φει (dative singular)
τοῖν κελῡφοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κελῡ́φεσῐ (dative plural)
κελῡ́φεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kelū́phesĭ (dative plural)
toîs kelū́phesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κέλῡφος (accusative singular)
τὼ κελῡ́φει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κελῡ́φη (accusative plural)
κέλῡφος (singular vocative)
κελῡ́φει (dual vocative)
κελῡ́φη (plural vocative)

Greek: κέλυφος (kélyfos)

According to Beekes, connected with the group of καλύπτω (kalúptō, “to cover”), with a Pre-Greek suffix.


ἀμέθυστος

ᾰ̓μέθῠστος • (ăméthŭstos) f (genitive ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στου); second declension

ᾰ̓μέθῠστος (canonical)
ăméthŭstos (romanization)
ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στου (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓μέθῠστος (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στω (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓μέθῠστοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στων (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στοις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓μέθῠστον (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στους (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓μέθῠστε (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓μεθῠ́στω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓μέθῠστοι (plural vocative)

Greek: αμέθυστος (améthystos)

→ Latin: amethystus (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Georgian: ამეთჳსტონი (ametwisṭoni), ამეთჳსტოჲ (ametwisṭoy), ამეთჳსოჲ (ametwisoy), ამეთისოჲ (ametisoy)
→ Georgian: ამეთვისტო (ametvisṭo) (learned)

From ἀ- (a-, “not”) + μέθῠστος (méthŭstos, “drunken”), from μεθῠ́ω (methŭ́ō, “to be drunk on wine”), from μέθῠ (méthŭ, “wine”). Compare to εὐμέθῠστος (euméthŭstos, “easily made drunk”).
The exact semantic development of the "stone" sense is uncertain. Beekes believes that the stone was named after the light color of diluted wine (that is, "non-drunk wine"), while others have proposed that the Greeks believed that the amethyst prevented intoxication.


ψώρα

grc-noun

ψώρᾱ • (psṓrā) f (genitive ψώρᾱς); first declension

ψώρᾱ (canonical)
psṓrā (romanization)
ψώρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ψώρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ψώρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ψῶραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ψώρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψώραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψωρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ψώρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψώραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψώραις (dative plural)
τὴν ψώρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ψώρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψώρᾱς (accusative plural)
ψώρᾱ (singular vocative)
ψώρᾱ (dual vocative)
ψῶραι (plural vocative)

> Greek: ψώρα (psóra) (inherited)

desctree

> Pontic Greek: ψώρα (psóra) (inherited)
→ Laz: მსორა (msora), მწორა (mǯora) — Artasheni, მსურა (msura), მსუა (msua) — Arkabi, სორა (sora)

→ Latin: psōra
→ English: psora (learned)
→ French: psora, psore (learned)

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root of ψάω (psáō, “to rub, wipe”), ψωμός (psōmós, “morsel, bit”), ψωλός (psōlós, “circumcised”), ψωρός (psōrós, “itchy, mangy”) and ψωχός (psōkhós, “sandy”). The word has also been compared to Lithuanian sóra (“millet”).


βούνιον

grc-noun

βούνῐον • (boúnĭon) n (genitive βουνῐ́ου); second declension

βούνῐον (canonical)
boúnĭon (romanization)
βουνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βούνῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βουνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βούνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βούνῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βούνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βούνῐον (singular vocative)
βουνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βούνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: būnion

Translingual: Bunium

From βουνός (bounós, “hill”) + -ῐον (-ĭon, diminutive suffix).

af

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 5.46

(οἶνος διὰ βουνίου) the aromatic wine of earthnuts

earthnut, Bunium ferulaceum
the aromatic wine of earthnuts

PMag. 3.333

Ps.-Dsc. 4.59

Verbena officinalis
Verbena officinalis#Translingual

(botany) earthnut, Bunium ferulaceum
vervain, Verbena officinalis

129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 11.775

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.123


περιοχή

grc-noun

περῐοχή • (perĭokhḗ) f (genitive περῐοχῆς); first declension

περῐοχή (canonical)
perĭokhḗ (romanization)
περῐοχῆς (genitive)
ἡ περῐοχή (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐοχᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ περῐοχαί (nominative plural)
τῆς περῐοχῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐοχαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐοχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περῐοχῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐοχαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς περῐοχαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν περῐοχήν (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐοχᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περῐοχᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
περῐοχή (singular vocative)
περῐοχᾱ́ (dual vocative)
περῐοχαί (plural vocative)

Greek: περιοχή (periochí)


σπάδιξ

σπᾱ́δῑξ • (spā́dīx) f (genitive σπᾱ́δῑκος); third declension

σπᾱ́δῑξ (canonical)
spā́dīx (romanization)
σπᾱ́δῑκος (genitive)
ἡ σπᾱ́δῑξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σπᾱ́δῑκε (dual nominative)
αἱ σπᾱ́δῑκες (nominative plural)
τῆς σπᾱ́δῑκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπᾱδῑ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπᾱδῑ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ σπᾱ́δῑκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπᾱδῑ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σπᾱ́δῑξῐ (dative plural)
σπᾱ́δῑξῐν (dative plural)
taîs spā́dīxĭ (dative plural)
taîs spā́dīxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σπᾱ́δῑκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπᾱ́δῑκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σπᾱ́δῑκᾰς (accusative plural)
σπᾱ́δῑξ (singular vocative)
σπᾱ́δῑκε (dual vocative)
σπᾱ́δῑκες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: spādīx

A Semitic borrowing, related to Arabic سُبَاط (subāṭ), سُبَاطَة (subāṭa, “female inflorescence of the palm tree”), on which see Arabic سِبْط (sibṭ, “staff”), Armenian ճիպոտ (čipot, “cane, stick”) for more family. Connected by popular etymology to σπάω (spáō, “to tear”).

(botany) branch torn off of a tree, especially a palm frond


ῥάμνος

ῥᾰ́μνος • (rhắmnos) f (genitive ῥᾰ́μνου); second declension

ῥᾰ́μνος (canonical)
rhắmnos (romanization)
ῥᾰ́μνου (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰ́μνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μνω (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰ́μνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾰ́μνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰ́μνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰ́μνων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾰ́μνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰ́μνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰ́μνοις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰ́μνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μνω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́μνους (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́μνε (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́μνω (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́μνοι (plural vocative)

The word may belong with ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod, wand”) and cognates. According to Beekes, it is quite probable a Pre-Greek word.

(botany) stone buckthorn (Rhamnus graeca, now Rhamnus lycioides subsp. graeca)

(botany) black buckthorn (Rhamnus oleoides, now Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides)


χαρίσιος

χᾰρῑ́σῐος (canonical)
khărī́sĭos (romanization)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (feminine)
χᾰρῑ́σῐον (neuter)
χᾰρῑ́σῐος (masculine nominative singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (feminine nominative singular)
χᾰρῑ́σῐον (neuter nominative singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (dual masculine nominative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (dual neuter nominative)
χᾰρῑ́σῐοι (masculine nominative plural)
χᾰρῑ́σῐαι (feminine nominative plural)
χᾰρῑ́σῐᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ου (genitive masculine singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱς (feminine genitive singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ου (genitive neuter singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οιν (dual genitive masculine)
χᾰρῑσῐ́αιν (dual feminine genitive)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οιν (dual genitive neuter)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ων (genitive masculine plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ων (genitive neuter plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ῳ (dative masculine singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾳ (dative feminine singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ῳ (dative neuter singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οιν (dative dual masculine)
χᾰρῑσῐ́αιν (dative dual feminine)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οιν (dative dual neuter)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οις (dative masculine plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́αις (dative feminine plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́οις (dative neuter plural)
χᾰρῑ́σῐον (accusative masculine singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱν (accusative feminine singular)
χᾰρῑ́σῐον (accusative neuter singular)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (accusative dual masculine)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (accusative dual neuter)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ους (accusative masculine plural)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
χᾰρῑ́σῐᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
χᾰρῑ́σῐε (masculine singular vocative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (feminine singular vocative)
χᾰρῑ́σῐον (neuter singular vocative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (dual masculine vocative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ω (dual neuter vocative)
χᾰρῑ́σῐοι (masculine plural vocative)
χᾰρῑ́σῐαι (feminine plural vocative)
χᾰρῑ́σῐᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
χᾰρῑσῐ́ως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
χᾰρῑσῐώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
χᾰρῑσῐώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Marvellous Things Heard 846b.7

200 CE – 400 CE, Pseudo-Plutarch, On Rivers 17.4


δρακοντία

δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ • (drăkontĭ́ā) f (genitive δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱς); first declension

δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
drăkontĭ́ā (romanization)
δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δρᾰκοντῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν δρᾰκοντῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δρᾰκοντῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δρᾰκοντῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δρᾰκοντῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
δρᾰκοντῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
δρᾰκοντῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Possibly a feminine derivative of δρακόντιον (drakóntion).

(botany) a plant within the family Araceae


κόμη

κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension

kómē (romanization)
κόμης (genitive)
ἡ κόμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κομῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς (accusative plural)
κόμη (singular vocative)
κόμᾱ (dual vocative)
κόμαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)

Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable. It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”).
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”).

unk

Not explained with certainty


ἄγγουρον

grc-noun

ᾰ̓́γγουρον • (ắngouron) n (genitive ᾰ̓γγούρου); second declension

ᾰ̓́γγουρον (canonical)
ắngouron (romanization)
ᾰ̓γγούρου (genitive)
τὸ ᾰ̓́γγουρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓γγούρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́γγουρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓γγούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓γγούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓γγούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓γγούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓γγούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓γγούροις (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́γγουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓γγούρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́γγουρᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́γγουρον (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓γγούρω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́γγουρᾰ (plural vocative)

Plant names are generally of substrate origin, so a Pre-Greek borrowing is conceivable; this is corroborated by the presence of -γγ- (-ng-) and the suffix -ουρο- (-ouro-).


πυρήν

πῡρήν • (pūrḗn) m (genitive πῡρῆνος); third declension

πῡρήν (canonical)
pūrḗn (romanization)
πῡρῆνος (genitive)
ὁ πῡρήν (nominative singular)
τὼ πῡρῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ πῡρῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῡρῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῡρήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῡρήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῡρῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῡρήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῡρῆσῐ (dative plural)
πῡρῆσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pūrêsĭ (dative plural)
toîs pūrêsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν πῡρῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πῡρῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πῡρῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
πῡρήν (singular vocative)
πῡρῆνε (dual vocative)
πῡρῆνες (plural vocative)

Greek: πυρήνας (pyrínas)

→ English: pyrena


πίσον

πῐ́σον • (pĭ́son) n (genitive πίσου); second declension

πῐ́σον (canonical)
pĭ́son (romanization)
πίσου (genitive)
. Quoted by comic poet Alexis (canonical)
τὸ πῐ́σον (nominative singular)
τὼ πῐ́σω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πῐ́σᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῐ́σου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῐ́σοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῐ́σων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῐ́σῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῐ́σοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῐ́σοις (dative plural)
τὸ πῐ́σον (accusative singular)
τὼ πῐ́σω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πῐ́σᾰ (accusative plural)
πῐ́σον (singular vocative)
πῐ́σω (dual vocative)
πῐ́σᾰ (plural vocative)

Katharevousa Greek: πίσον n (píson)

→ Latin: pisum n

Koine. See Ancient Greek πίσος (písos, “pea”).

Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum#Translingual

(botany) any plant of species Pisum sativum


ἀσφάραγος

ἀσφάρᾰγος • (asphárăgos) m (genitive ἀσφᾰράγου); second declension

ἀσφάρᾰγος (canonical)
asphárăgos (romanization)
ἀσφᾰράγου (genitive)
ὁ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γους (accusative plural)
ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγε (singular vocative)
ἀσφᾰρᾰ́γω (dual vocative)
ἀσφᾰ́ρᾰγοι (plural vocative)

Latin: asparagus (see there for further descendants)

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to jerk, to scatter”) (whence σφαραγέομαι (spharagéomai, “to burst with a noise, teem”)), but Beekes rejects this, citing a Pre-Greek origin due to the presence of the variation "π/φ".


ῥάχις

grc-noun

ῥάχῐς • (rhákhĭs) f (genitive ῥάχῐος or ῥάχεως); third declension

ῥάχῐς (canonical)
rhákhĭs (romanization)
ῥάχῐος (genitive)
ῥάχεως (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰ́χῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́χει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰ́χεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥάχῐος (genitive singular)
ῥάχεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰ́χεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥάχει (dative singular)
ῥάχῑ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰ́χεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́χεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs rhắkhesĭ (dative plural)
taîs rhắkhesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰ́χῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́χει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́χεις (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́χῐ (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́χει (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́χεις (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῥάχῐος/ῥάχεως

Greek: ράχη (ráchi)

→ English: rachis

→ Italian: rachide

According to Beekes of Pre-Greek origin or related to Lithuanian ražis (“stubble”). Compare ῥαχός (rhakhós, “thorn hedge”).

anything ridged like a backbone:
(botany) midrib of a leaf

anything ridged like a backbone:
midrib of a leaf


κιβώριον

grc-noun

κῐβώρῐον • (kĭbṓrĭon) n (genitive κῐβωρίου); second declension

κῐβώρῐον (canonical)
kĭbṓrĭon (romanization)
κῐβωρίου (genitive)
τὸ κῐβώρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐβωρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῐβώρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῐβωρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐβωρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐβωρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῐβωρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐβωρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῐβωρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κῐβώρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐβωρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῐβώρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κῐβώρῐον (singular vocative)
κῐβωρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κῐβώρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cibōrium

(botany) The seed vessel of the Egyptian water-lily


ὀρόδαμνος

ὀρόδᾰμνος • (oródămnos) m (genitive ὀροδᾰ́μνου); second declension

ὀρόδᾰμνος (canonical)
oródămnos (romanization)
ὀροδᾰ́μνου (genitive)
ὁ ὀρόδᾰμνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀροδᾰ́μνω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀρόδᾰμνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀροδᾰ́μνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀροδᾰ́μνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀροδᾰ́μνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀροδᾰ́μνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀροδᾰ́μνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀροδᾰ́μνοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρόδᾰμνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀροδᾰ́μνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀροδᾰ́μνους (accusative plural)
ὀρόδᾰμνε (singular vocative)
ὀροδᾰ́μνω (dual vocative)
ὀρόδᾰμνοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from a previous form ϝρόδαμνος (wródamnos), itself of Pre-Greek origin.


οἴναρον

οἴνᾰρον • (oínăron) n (genitive οἰνάρου); second declension

οἴνᾰρον (canonical)
oínăron (romanization)
οἰνάρου (genitive)
τὸ οἴνᾰρον (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ οἴνᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ οἰνᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ οἰνᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς οἰνᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ οἴνᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ οἴνᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
οἴνᾰρον (singular vocative)
οἰνᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
οἴνᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)


κύημα

κῠ́ημᾰ • (kŭ́ēmă) n (genitive κῠήμᾰτος); third declension

κῠ́ημᾰ (canonical)
kŭ́ēmă (romanization)
κῠήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κύημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κυήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κυήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κυήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κυημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κυημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κυήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κυημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κυήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κυήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kuḗmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs kuḗmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κύημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κυήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κυήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κύημᾰ (singular vocative)
κυήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κυήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From κυέω (kuéō, “to be pregnant”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

(botany) That which is swollen as the result of growth, a sprout


κάχρυς

κάχρῠς • (kákhrŭs) f (genitive κάχρῠος); third declension

κάχρῠς (canonical)
kákhrŭs (romanization)
κάχρῠος (genitive)
ἡ κᾰ́χρῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́χρῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰ́χρῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰ́χρῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰχρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰχρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰ́χρῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
κᾰ́χρυι (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰχρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰ́χρῠσῐ (dative plural)
κᾰ́χρῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs kắkhrŭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs kắkhrŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰ́χρῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́χρῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰ́χρῡς (accusative plural)
κᾰ́χρῠᾰς (accusative plural)
κᾰ́χρῠ (singular vocative)
κᾰ́χρῠε (dual vocative)
κᾰ́χρῠες (plural vocative)

The word has been connected with κέγχρος (kénkhros, “millet”), but the meaning of this noun rather points towards a connection with κάγκανος (kánkanos, “arid, barren”). Probably of Pre-Greek origin.


μόσχος

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

móskhos (romanization)
μόσχου (genitive)
ὁ μόσχος (nominative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόσχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μόσχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μόσχων (genitive plural)
τῷ μόσχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μόσχοις (dative plural)
τὸν μόσχον (accusative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μόσχους (accusative plural)
μόσχε (singular vocative)
μόσχω (dual vocative)
μόσχοι (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܘܣܟܘܣ

According to Beekes, related to Armenian մոզի (mozi, “two-year-old bull”) and maybe from a Proto-Indo-European *mosǵʰ-o- (“young of an animal; young shoot”). The appurtenance of Lithuanian mãzgas (“bud of a tree; knot”) to the Greco-Armenian terms is less certain and straightforward.


ἔρνος

grc-noun

ἔρνος • (érnos) n (genitive ἔρνεος or ἔρνους); third declension

érnos (romanization)
ἔρνεος (genitive)
ἔρνους (genitive)
τὸ ἔρνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔρνει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔρνη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔρνους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔρνει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔρνεσῐ (dative plural)
ἔρνεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs érnesĭ (dative plural)
toîs érnesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ἔρνος (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔρνει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔρνη (accusative plural)
ἔρνος (singular vocative)
ἔρνει (dual vocative)
ἔρνη (plural vocative)
ἔρνος (nominative singular)
ἔρνει (dual nominative)
ἔρνεε (dual nominative)
ἔρνεᾰ (nominative plural)
ἔρνεος (genitive singular)
ἔρνευς (genitive singular)
ἐρνέοιν (dual genitive)
ἐρνέων (genitive plural)
ἔρνει (dative singular)
ἔρνεῐ̈ (dative singular)
ἐρνέοιν (dative dual)
ἔρνεσῐ (dative plural)
ἔρνεσῐν (dative plural)
érnesĭ (dative plural)
érnesĭn (dative plural)
ἔρνος (accusative singular)
ἔρνει (accusative dual)
ἔρνεε (accusative dual)
ἔρνεᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔρνος (singular vocative)
ἔρνει (dual vocative)
ἔρνεε (dual vocative)
ἔρνεᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir, spring”) and cognate with ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “to awaken, arouse”). Its form agrees with Sanskrit अर्णस् (arṇas, “river, stream”).


στρόβιλος

grc-noun

στρόβῑλος • (stróbīlos) m (genitive στροβῑ́λου); second declension

στρόβῑλος (canonical)
stróbīlos (romanization)
στροβῑ́λου (genitive)
ὁ στρόβῑλος (nominative singular)
τὼ στροβῑ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ στρόβῑλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στροβῑ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στροβῑ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στροβῑ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ στροβῑ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στροβῑ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στροβῑ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν στρόβῑλον (accusative singular)
τὼ στροβῑ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στροβῑ́λους (accusative plural)
στρόβῑλε (singular vocative)
στροβῑ́λω (dual vocative)
στρόβῑλοι (plural vocative)

→ Aramaic:

Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡠𐡯𐡨𐡴𐡡𐡩𐡫𐡠 (ʾsṭrbylʾ)

desc

Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܪܘܒܝܠܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܝܠܝܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܝܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܝܢ; ܐܣܛܪܒܝܠܝܢ; ܐܣܛܪܘܒܘܠܘܣ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܘܣ

אִיצְטְרוֹבְלָא

אִיצְטְרוּבְלָא

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אִיצְטְרוֹבְלָא (ʾiṣṭrōḇəlā), אִיצְטְרוּבְלָא (ʾiṣṭrūḇəlā). אִצְטְרוֹבׅילָא (ʾiṣṭrōḇīlā), אצטרבולא (ʾiṣṭraḇōlā)

→ English: strobilus

אִצְטְרֻובָּל

→ Hebrew: אִצְטְרֻובָּל (ʾiṣṭrubā́l)

→ Hebrew: אִצְטְרֻובָּל (ʾiṣṭrubā́l)

→ Old Georgian: სტროპილოზი (sṭroṗilozi)

From στρόβ(ος) (strób(os), “whirl”) + -ιλος (-ilos).


κορύνη

grc-noun

κορύνη • (korúnē) f (genitive κορύνης); first declension

korúnē (romanization)
κορύνης (genitive)
ἡ κορύνη (nominative singular)
τὼ κορύνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κορύναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορύνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορύναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορυνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορύνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορύναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορύναις (dative plural)
τὴν κορύνην (accusative singular)
τὼ κορύνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορύνᾱς (accusative plural)
κορύνη (singular vocative)
κορύνᾱ (dual vocative)
κορύναι (plural vocative)

Perhaps related to κόρυς (kórus, “helmet”), referring to the thick end of the weapon. According to Beekes, the word is of Pre-Greek origin.


οἰνάνθη

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).


ἀθήρ

ἀθήρ • (athḗr) m (genitive ἀθέρος); third declension

athḗr (romanization)
ἀθέρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀθήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀθέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀθέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀθέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀθέρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀθέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭ (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἀθέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀθέρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀθήρ (singular vocative)
ἀθέρε (dual vocative)
ἀθέρες (plural vocative)

Greek: αθέρας (athéras), αθήρ (athír)

Not related to Latin ador (“hulled wheat”) nor to ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). According to Beekes, the nasalized form ἀνθέριξ (anthérix) points to a Pre-Greek origin.


κόρυμβος

κόρυμβος • (kórumbos) m (genitive κορύμβου); second declension

kórumbos (romanization)
κορύμβου (genitive)
ὁ κόρυμβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κορύμβω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόρυμβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κορύμβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορύμβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορύμβων (genitive plural)
τῷ κορύμβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορύμβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κορύμβοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόρυμβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κορύμβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κορύμβους (accusative plural)
κόρυμβε (singular vocative)
κορύμβω (dual vocative)
κόρυμβοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: corymbus

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root of κορυφή (koruphḗ).


γλωχίς

γλωχῑ́ς • (glōkhī́s) f (genitive γλωχῖνος); third declension

γλωχῑ́ς (canonical)
glōkhī́s (romanization)
γλωχῖνος (genitive)
ἡ γλωχῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ γλωχῖνε (dual nominative)
αἱ γλωχῖνες (nominative plural)
τῆς γλωχῖνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλωχῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλωχῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ γλωχῖνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλωχῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλωχῖσῐ (dative plural)
γλωχῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs glōkhîsĭ (dative plural)
taîs glōkhîsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν γλωχῖνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γλωχῖνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλωχῖνᾰς (accusative plural)
γλωχῑ́ς (singular vocative)
γλωχῖνε (dual vocative)
γλωχῖνες (plural vocative)

/ɡlɔː.kʰǐːs/

/ɡlɔː.kʰǐːs/

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *glōgʰ-s (“point”) but there are no certain cognates; possibly Old Norse kleggi (“gadfly”) (see English cleg).


σκέπασμα

σκέπασμᾰ • (sképasmă) n (genitive σκεπάσμᾰτος); third declension

σκέπασμᾰ (canonical)
sképasmă (romanization)
σκεπάσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σκέπασμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκεπάσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκεπάσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκεπάσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκεπασμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκεπασμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σκεπάσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκεπασμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκεπάσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σκεπάσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs skepásmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs skepásmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σκέπασμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκεπάσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκεπάσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σκέπασμᾰ (singular vocative)
σκεπάσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σκεπάσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From σκεπάζω (skepázō, “to cover”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


ὄσπριον

ὄσπρῐον • (ósprĭon) n (genitive ὀσπρίου); second declension

ὄσπρῐον (canonical)
ósprĭon (romanization)
ὀσπρίου (genitive)
τὸ ὄσπρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀσπρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὄσπρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀσπρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀσπρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀσπρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀσπρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀσπρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀσπρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ὄσπρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀσπρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὄσπρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὄσπρῐον (singular vocative)
ὀσπρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ὄσπρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: όσπριο (ósprio)

Of unclear origin. Connections with σπεῖρον (speîron, “wrapping cover”) and σπείρω (speírō, “to sow”) have been suggested, but this is impossible because "ὀ" is not a prothetic vowel. The word is more likely a substrate borrowing, perhaps from the same source as Old Armenian ոսպն (ospn, “lentil”).


σκαλίας

σκᾰλίᾱς • (skălíās) m (genitive σκᾰλίου); first declension

σκᾰλίᾱς (canonical)
skălíās (romanization)
σκᾰλίου (genitive)
ὁ σκᾰλίᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰλίᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ σκᾰλίαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκᾰλίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰλιῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σκᾰλίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλίαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκᾰλίαις (dative plural)
τὸν σκᾰλίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰλίᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκᾰλίᾱς (accusative plural)
σκᾰλίᾱ (singular vocative)
σκᾰλίᾱ (dual vocative)
σκᾰλίαι (plural vocative)

Frisk connects the word with Proto-Germanic *skaljō (“shell”) but Furnée rather adduces ἀσκαλία (askalía) and ἀσκάληρον (askálēron), which would point to a Pre-Greek origin.


ῥάξ

ῥᾱ́ξ • (rhā́x) f (genitive ῥᾱγός); third declension

ῥᾱ́ξ (canonical)
rhā́x (romanization)
ῥᾱγός (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱ́ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾶγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱξῐ́ (dative plural)
ῥᾱξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs rhāxĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾶγᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱ́ξ (singular vocative)
ῥᾶγε (dual vocative)
ῥᾶγες (plural vocative)

Greek: ρώγα (róga)

The word is a reminiscent of ῥάματα (rhámata, “bunch of grapes”), as well as of Latin racēmus (“bunch of grapes”), Sanskrit रजनी (rajanī, “grape, lac”), Persian رز (raz, “vine”) and Albanian rrush (“grape”).


λέπυρον

λέπῡρον • (lépūron) n (genitive λεπῡ́ρου); second declension

λέπῡρον (canonical)
lépūron (romanization)
λεπῡ́ρου (genitive)
τὸ λέπῡρον (nominative singular)
τὼ λεπῡ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λέπῡρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λεπῡ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεπῡ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεπῡ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λεπῡ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεπῡ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λεπῡ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ λέπῡρον (accusative singular)
τὼ λεπῡ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λέπῡρᾰ (accusative plural)
λέπῡρον (singular vocative)
λεπῡ́ρω (dual vocative)
λέπῡρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: λέπυρο (lépyro)


ὄρπηξ

ὄρπηξ • (órpēx) m (genitive ὄρπηκος); third declension

órpēx (romanization)
ὄρπηκος (genitive)
ὁ ὄρπηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄρπηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄρπηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄρπηκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρπήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρπήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄρπηκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρπήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄρπηξῐ (dative plural)
ὄρπηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs órpēxĭ (dative plural)
toîs órpēxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ὄρπηκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄρπηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὄρπηκᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄρπηξ (singular vocative)
ὄρπηκε (dual vocative)
ὄρπηκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like σκώληξ (skṓlēx), κάχληξ (kákhlēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The comparison with Lithuanian várpa (“ear of corn”) is not very illuminating. Commonly derived from the root of Latin sarpō (“to trim”), Latin sarmentum (“osiers”) and ἅρπη (hárpē, “sickle”); Beekes, on the grounds that an o-grade of this root is not attested elsewhere, claims that it is a Pre-Greek word.


πρέμνον

πρέμνον • (prémnon) n (genitive πρέμνου); second declension

prémnon (romanization)
πρέμνου (genitive)
τὸ πρέμνον (nominative singular)
τὼ πρέμνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρέμνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρέμνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρέμνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρέμνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πρέμνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρέμνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρέμνοις (dative plural)
τὸ πρέμνον (accusative singular)
τὼ πρέμνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρέμνᾰ (accusative plural)
πρέμνον (singular vocative)
πρέμνω (dual vocative)
πρέμνᾰ (plural vocative)

Unexplained. Furnée assumes that is a variant of πρυμνός (prumnós, “hindmost, undermost”) and considers the word Pre-Greek.

unk

Unexplained

(botany) bottom of the trunk of a tree, stump


τέρμινθος

grc-noun

τέρμῐνθος • (térmĭnthos) f (genitive τερμῐ́νθου); second declension

τέρμῐνθος (canonical)
térmĭnthos (romanization)
τερμῐ́νθου (genitive)
ἡ τέρμῐνθος (nominative singular)
τὼ τερμῐ́νθω (dual nominative)
αἱ τέρμῐνθοι (nominative plural)
τῆς τερμῐ́νθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τερμῐ́νθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τερμῐ́νθων (genitive plural)
τῇ τερμῐ́νθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τερμῐ́νθοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τερμῐ́νθοις (dative plural)
τὴν τέρμῐνθον (accusative singular)
τὼ τερμῐ́νθω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τερμῐ́νθους (accusative plural)
τέρμῐνθε (singular vocative)
τερμῐ́νθω (dual vocative)
τέρμῐνθοι (plural vocative)

→ Old Georgian: ტერემინთოჲ (ṭeremintoy)

The suffix "-ινθος" proves a Pre-Greek origin. The form τερέβινθος (terébinthos) was perhaps influenced by ἐρέβινθος (erébinthos, “chickpea”).


ἴουλος

ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension

íoulos (romanization)
ἰούλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴουλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴουλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰούλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰούλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰούλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰούλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴουλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰούλους (accusative plural)
ἴουλε (singular vocative)
ἰούλω (dual vocative)
ἴουλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)

→ Latin: iūlus

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.


κλῆμα

grc-noun

κλῆμᾰ • (klêmă) n (genitive κλήμᾰτος); third declension

κλῆμᾰ (canonical)
klêmă (romanization)
κλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήμα (klíma)

Traditionally connected with κλάω (kláō, “to break”), but the semantics are tenuous, and there is no evidence for a long α (a) in the former. Thus, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


θαλλός

θᾰλλός • (thăllós) m (genitive θᾰλλοῦ); second declension

θᾰλλός (canonical)
thăllós (romanization)
θᾰλλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θᾰλλός (nominative singular)
τὼ θᾰλλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θᾰλλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θᾰλλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θᾰλλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θᾰλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θᾰλλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θᾰλλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θᾰλλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θᾰλλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θᾰλλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θᾰλλούς (accusative plural)
θᾰλλέ (singular vocative)
θᾰλλώ (dual vocative)
θᾰλλοί (plural vocative)

Greek: θαλλός (thallós)

→ English: thallus

→ Italian: tallo

→ Sicilian: taḍḍu

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₁- (“to bloom, be green”), whence also θάλλω (thállō, “to bloom”). Compare Welsh dail (“leaves”) and Middle Irish duille (“foliage”). The sense “gift” comes about as a semantic loan from Egyptian, where two etymologically unrelated terms mnḥ (“papyrus stalk”) and mnḥtj (“tribute, gift”) were homophonous in Late Egyptian.

der

(botany) young shoot, young branch (especially of the olive)


ὄρμενος

grc-noun

ὄρμενος • (órmenos) m (genitive ὀρμένου); second declension

órmenos (romanization)
ὀρμένου (genitive)
ὁ ὄρμενος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρμένω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄρμενοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρμένου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρμένοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρμένων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρμένῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρμένοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρμένοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄρμενον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρμένω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρμένους (accusative plural)
ὄρμενε (singular vocative)
ὀρμένω (dual vocative)
ὄρμενοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ormenos

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir, spring”), the same root of ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “to awaken, arouse”) and ἔρνος (érnos, “shoot, sprout”).

der

(botany) shoot, sprout or stem, stalk (especially of cabbage and asparagus)


ἄσταχυς

grc-noun

ἄστᾰχῠς • (ástăkhŭs) f (genitive ἀστᾰ́χῠος); third declension

ἄστᾰχῠς (canonical)
ástăkhŭs (romanization)
ἀστᾰ́χῠος (genitive)
ὁ ἄστᾰχῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστᾰ́χῠε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀστᾰ́χῠες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀστᾰ́χῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστᾰχῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστᾰχῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀστᾰ́χῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
ἀστᾰ́χυι (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστᾰχῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀστᾰ́χῠσῐ (dative plural)
ἀστᾰ́χῠσῐν (dative plural)
toîs astắkhŭsĭ (dative plural)
toîs astắkhŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἄστᾰχῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστᾰ́χῠε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀστᾰ́χῡς (accusative plural)
ἀστᾰ́χῠᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄστᾰχῠ (singular vocative)
ἀστᾰ́χῠε (dual vocative)
ἀστᾰ́χῠες (plural vocative)

Previously connected with Proto-Germanic *stangō (“bar; rod; stake”), but most likely a Pre-Greek word in view of the prothetic vowel.


περικεφαλαία

grc-noun

περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ

περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱς

περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ • (perĭkephălaíā) f (genitive περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱς); first declension

περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (canonical)
perĭkephălaíā (romanization)
περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ περῐκεφᾰλαῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐκεφᾰλαίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐκεφᾰλαιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περῐκεφᾰλαίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐκεφᾰλαίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περῐκεφᾰλαίαις (dative plural)
τὴν περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱς (accusative plural)
περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (singular vocative)
περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ (dual vocative)
περῐκεφᾰλαῖαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

περῐκεφᾰλαίᾱ

Feminine form of περικεφάλαιος (perikephálaios, “round the head”).


τέρχνος

grc-noun

τέρχνος • (térkhnos) n (genitive τέρχνεος); third declension

térkhnos (romanization)
τέρχνεος (genitive)
τὸ τέρχνος (nominative singular)
τὼ τέρχνεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τέρχνεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τέρχνεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τερχνέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τερχνέων (genitive plural)
τῷ τέρχνεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν τερχνέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τέρχνεσῐ (dative plural)
τέρχνεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs térkhnesĭ (dative plural)
toîs térkhnesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ τέρχνος (accusative singular)
τὼ τέρχνεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τέρχνεᾰ (accusative plural)
τέρχνος (singular vocative)
τέρχνεε (dual vocative)
τέρχνεᾰ (plural vocative)

Formation like ἔρνος (érnos) and κτῆνος (ktênos). Niedermann pleaded for connection with τρέχω (trékhō, “to run”). However, Furnée believes the word is Pre-Greek and compares ταρχάνιον (tarkhánion, “used in burial”), suggesting the use of twigs as offerings. Compare Albanian trikë. Compare Sanskrit दर्हति (darhati, “to grow”).


ὠσχός

ὠσχός • (ōskhós) m (genitive ὠσχοῦ); second declension

ōskhós (romanization)
ὠσχοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὠσχός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠσχώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὠσχοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὠσχοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠσχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠσχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὠσχῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠσχοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὠσχοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὠσχόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠσχώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὠσχούς (accusative plural)
ὠσχέ (singular vocative)
ὠσχώ (dual vocative)
ὠσχοί (plural vocative)

Hypothetically compared with Old Armenian ազգ (azg, “people, tribe”) and Persian آزغ (âzğ, “a thing lopped (as vine-prunings); slip, cutting, scion”), but this word is further isolated. The variation of the initial vowel rather shows that the word is Pre-Greek.


λοῦσσον

grc-noun

λοῦσσον • (loûsson) n (genitive λούσσου); second declension

loûsson (romanization)
λούσσου (genitive)
τὸ λοῦσσον (nominative singular)
τὼ λούσσω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λοῦσσᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λούσσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λούσσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λούσσων (genitive plural)
τῷ λούσσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λούσσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λούσσοις (dative plural)
τὸ λοῦσσον (accusative singular)
τὼ λούσσω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λοῦσσᾰ (accusative plural)
λοῦσσον (singular vocative)
λούσσω (dual vocative)
λοῦσσᾰ (plural vocative)

It may continue *λουκ-ιον (*louk-ion) as a derivative of a root noun, as is seen in Latin lūx (“light”), if from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“white; light; bright”). Compare also Latin lūcus (“grove, wood”), from the same source. The etymology remains highly improbable, though.

unk

improbable


μιμαίκυλον

grc-noun

μῐμαίκῠλον • (mĭmaíkŭlon) n (genitive μῐμαικῠ́λου); second declension

μῐμαίκῠλον (canonical)
mĭmaíkŭlon (romanization)
μῐμαικῠ́λου (genitive)
τὸ μῐμαίκῠλον (nominative singular)
τὼ μῐμαικῠ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μῐμαίκῠλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῐμαικῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῐμαικῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῐμαικῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῐμαικῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῐμαικῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῐμαικῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ μῐμαίκῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῐμαικῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μῐμαίκῠλᾰ (accusative plural)
μῐμαίκῠλον (singular vocative)
μῐμαικῠ́λω (dual vocative)
μῐμαίκῠλᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

μεμαίντζουλο

Greek: μεμαίντζουλο n (memaíntzoulo, “fruit of the strawberry tree”) (dialectal, Euboea)

A foreign word, undoubtedly from Pre-Greek, in view of the variation and the reduplication.


ῥαχός

grc-noun

ῥᾱχός • (rhākhós) f (genitive ῥᾱχοῦ); second declension

ῥᾱχός (canonical)
rhākhós (romanization)
ῥᾱχοῦ (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱχός (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾱχώ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾱχοί (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱχοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱχῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱχοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱχοῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾱχόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾱχώ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾱχούς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱχέ (singular vocative)
ῥᾱχώ (dual vocative)
ῥᾱχοί (plural vocative)

Clearly related to ῥᾰ́χις (rhắkhis, “spine, backbone”). Since ϝρᾰχ-/ϝρᾱχ- cannot be derived from an Indo-European root, the word might instead be of Pre-Greek origin.


σκιάς

σκῐᾰ́ς • (skĭắs) f (genitive σκῐᾰ́δος); third declension

σκῐᾰ́ς (canonical)
skĭắs (romanization)
σκῐᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σκῐᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σκῐᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σκῐᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῐᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῐᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σκῐᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῐᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκῐᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
σκῐᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs skĭắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs skĭắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σκῐᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκῐᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σκῐᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
σκῐᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
σκῐᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

From σκιά (skiá, “shadow”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).


κώδεια

κώδειᾰ • (kṓdeiă) f (genitive κωδείᾱς); first declension

κώδειᾰ (canonical)
kṓdeiă (romanization)
κωδείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κώδειᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κωδείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κώδειαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κωδείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κωδείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κωδειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κωδείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κωδείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κωδείαις (dative plural)
τὴν κώδειᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κωδείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κωδείᾱς (accusative plural)
κώδειᾰ (singular vocative)
κωδείᾱ (dual vocative)
κώδειαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: codia

No cognates. Furnée showed that the variants point to a Pre-Greek origin; in addition, he compares words for "cup", like κώδων (kṓdōn, “bell”), κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup”), κόνδυ (kóndu, “cup”), κώθων (kṓthōn, “Laconian drinking vessel”), but also Etruscan 𐌒𐌖𐌕𐌖𐌌 (qutum, “kind of vessel”).


ἄκυλος

grc-noun

ἄκῠλος • (ákŭlos) m (genitive ἀκῠ́λου); second declension

ἄκῠλος (canonical)
ákŭlos (romanization)
ἀκῠ́λου (genitive)
ὁ ἄκῠλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκῠ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄκῠλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀκῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀκῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀκῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄκῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀκῠ́λους (accusative plural)
ἄκῠλε (singular vocative)
ἀκῠ́λω (dual vocative)
ἄκῠλοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: aculos

Connection with Sanskrit अश्नाति (aśnāti, “to eat, consume”) and ἄκολος (ákolos, “bit, morsel”) is improbable. It is rather a Pre-Greek word, since -υλ- is a frequent substrate suffix.


ξηνός

grc-noun

ξηνός • (xēnós) m (genitive ξηνοῦ); second declension

xēnós (romanization)
ξηνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ξηνός (nominative singular)
τὼ ξηνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ξηνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξηνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ξηνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ξηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ξηνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ξηνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξηνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ξηνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ξηνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ξηνούς (accusative plural)
ξηνέ (singular vocative)
ξηνώ (dual vocative)
ξηνοί (plural vocative)

Has been connected with ἐπίξηνον (epíxēnon, “chopping-block”), but further details are obscure.

unk

obscure


ἐρυσίβη

grc-noun

ἐρῠσῑ́βη • (erŭsī́bē) f (genitive ἐρῠσῑ́βης); first declension

ἐρῠσῑ́βη (canonical)
erŭsī́bē (romanization)
ἐρῠσῑ́βης (genitive)
ἡ ἐρῠσῑ́βη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῑ́βᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐρῠσῖβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐρῠσῑ́βης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῑ́βαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῠσῑβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐρῠσῑ́βῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῑ́βαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐρῠσῑ́βαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐρῠσῑ́βην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῑ́βᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐρῠσῑ́βᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐρῠσῑ́βη (singular vocative)
ἐρῠσῑ́βᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐρῠσῖβαι (plural vocative)

The stem of this word is also found in ἐρύσιμον (erúsimon, “hedge-mustard”) and ἐρυσίπελας (erusípelas, “erysipelas”). Traditionally considered an old s-enlargement of ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”), which can be found in Latin russus (“red, reddish-brown”) and Lithuanian raūsvas (“red”). However, Furnée suggests a Pre-Greek origin, because of the alternation of σ/θ and the typical long -ῑ-: this hypothesis is supported also by Beekes.


πεῖσμα

πεῖσμᾰ • (peîsmă) n (genitive πείσμᾰτος); third declension

πεῖσμᾰ (canonical)
peîsmă (romanization)
πείσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πεῖσμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πείσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πείσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πείσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεισμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεισμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πείσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεισμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πείσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πείσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs peísmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs peísmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ πεῖσμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πείσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πείσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πεῖσμᾰ (singular vocative)
πείσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πείσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From earlier *πένθ-σμα (*pénth-sma), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie; bond, band”), which Greek may have retained in πάσχω (páskhō, “to undergo, experience”) and πενθερός (pentherós, “father-in-law”).


φῦσα

grc-noun

φῦσᾰ • (phûsă) f (genitive φῡ́σης); first declension

φῦσᾰ (canonical)
phûsă (romanization)
φῡ́σης (genitive)
ἡ φῦσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῦσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῡ́σης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῡ́σῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῡ́σαις (dative plural)
τὴν φῦσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σᾱς (accusative plural)
φῦσᾰ (singular vocative)
φῡ́σᾱ (dual vocative)
φῦσαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Physostigma

Nominal formation in σᾶ (sâ), with the exact form and origin of the root unclear. Candidates include φυ- (phu-), φυσ- (phus-), φυτ- (phut-), or φυκ- (phuk-), but none of these can be shown to have existed in Greek.
Comparanda include Old Armenian փուք (pʻukʻ, “breath, wind, fart”) (< φυκ-ι̯α (phuk-i̯a); however, φῦσα (phûsa) cannot derive from this form), Sanskrit फूत्करोति (phūtkaroti, “to puff, blow”) (< φυτ-ι̯α (phut-i̯a)), फुफुस (phuphusa, “lungs”), as well as Latin pustula (“bladder”),Classical Persian پوگان (pūgān, “uterus”),Dari پوقانه (pōqāna, “urine bladder”),Iranian Persian پپ (pop, “lung (Qaenī dialect)”), Old Church Slavonic пухати (puxati, “to blow”), Sanskrit पुष्यति (puṣyati, “to thrive, prosper”). (< φυσ- (phus-)).
Despite the existence of all this Indo-European material, the word may well have a Pre-Greek origin, based on the suffix of the derivative φῦσιγξ (phûsinx, “heel blister”), as well as the lack of solid evidence for a Proto-Indo-European *bʰus-. Regardless, the words mentioned above, as well as the Greek term, may have onomatopoeic origins.


πτόρθος

grc-noun

πτόρθος • (ptórthos) m (genitive πτόρθου); second declension

ptórthos (romanization)
πτόρθου (genitive)
ὁ πτόρθος (nominative singular)
τὼ πτόρθω (dual nominative)
οἱ πτόρθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτόρθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτόρθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτόρθων (genitive plural)
τῷ πτόρθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτόρθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτόρθοις (dative plural)
τὸν πτόρθον (accusative singular)
τὼ πτόρθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πτόρθους (accusative plural)
πτόρθε (singular vocative)
πτόρθω (dual vocative)
πτόρθοι (plural vocative)

The word could be related to Old Armenian որթ (ortʻ, “vine”). Furnée attributes this match rather to independent borrowing, from a common substrate origin, perhaps Pre-Greek. On the other hand, Petersson derives these words from Proto-Indo-European *portʰo-, beside *pertʰ- (“pole, sprout”).


ἀνθήλη

ἀνθήλη • (anthḗlē) f (genitive ἀνθήλης); first declension

anthḗlē (romanization)
ἀνθήλης (genitive)
ἡ ἀνθήλη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνθήλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνθῆλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθήλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνθήλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνθηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθήλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνθήλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνθήλαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνθήλην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνθήλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθήλᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀνθήλη (singular vocative)
ἀνθήλᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀνθῆλαι (plural vocative)

→ English: anthela

→ Translingual: Anthela


βότρυον

βότρῠον • (bótrŭon) n (genitive βοτρῠ́ου); second declension

βότρῠον (canonical)
bótrŭon (romanization)
βοτρῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βότρῠον (nominative singular)
τὼ βοτρῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βότρῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βοτρῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βοτρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βοτρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βοτρῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βοτρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βοτρῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βότρῠον (accusative singular)
τὼ βοτρῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βότρῠᾰ (accusative plural)
βότρῠον (singular vocative)
βοτρῠ́ω (dual vocative)
βότρῠᾰ (plural vocative)

From βότρυς (bótrus, “bunch of grapes”).


ἀπόφυσις

ἀπόφῠσῐς • (apóphŭsĭs) f (genitive ἀποφῠ́σεως); third declension

ἀπόφῠσῐς (canonical)
apóphŭsĭs (romanization)
ἀποφῠ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ἀπόφῠσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀποφῠ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀποφῠ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀποφῠ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀποφῠσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀποφῠ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀποφῠ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀποφῠσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀποφῠ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ἀποφῠ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs apophŭ́sesĭ (dative plural)
taîs apophŭ́sesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἀπόφῠσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀποφῠ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀποφῠ́σεις (accusative plural)
ἀπόφῠσῐ (singular vocative)
ἀποφῠ́σει (dual vocative)
ἀποφῠ́σεις (plural vocative)

Greek: απόφυση (apófysi)

→ Latin: apophysis

From ἀποφύω (apophúō, “to send out branches”) + -σις (-sis).


σκιάδειον

grc-noun

σκῐᾰ́δειον • (skĭắdeion) n (genitive σκῐᾰδείου); second declension

σκῐᾰ́δειον (canonical)
skĭắdeion (romanization)
σκῐᾰδείου (genitive)
τὸ σκῐᾰ́δειον (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾰδείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκῐᾰ́δειᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκῐᾰδείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῐᾰδείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῐᾰδείων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκῐᾰδείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῐᾰδείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκῐᾰδείοις (dative plural)
τὸ σκῐᾰ́δειον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾰδείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκῐᾰ́δειᾰ (accusative plural)
σκῐᾰ́δειον (singular vocative)
σκῐᾰδείω (dual vocative)
σκῐᾰ́δειᾰ (plural vocative)


παραφυάς

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς • (părăphŭắs) f (genitive πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος); third declension

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (canonical)
părăphŭắs (romanization)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

From παραφύω (paraphúō, “to grow beside”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).

suffix

any side-growth, hence:
(botany) offshoot, sucker

any side-growth, hence:
offshoot, sucker


περικάρπιον

grc-noun

περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον

περῐκᾰρπῐ́ου

περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον • (perĭkắrpĭon) n (genitive περῐκᾰρπῐ́ου); second declension

περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον (canonical)
perĭkắrpĭon (romanization)
περῐκᾰρπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐκᾰρπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ περῐκᾰ́ρπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ περῐκᾰρπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐκᾰρπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐκᾰρπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ περῐκᾰρπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐκᾰρπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς περῐκᾰρπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐκᾰρπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ περῐκᾰ́ρπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον (singular vocative)
περῐκᾰρπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
περῐκᾰ́ρπῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

περῐκᾰ́ρπῐον

desc

→ Greek: περικάρπιο (perikárpio) (learned)

→ Latin: pericarpium

From περῐ- (perĭ-, around) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”, diminutive suffix) + -ιον (-ion).

af

(botany) case of fruit or seed, pod, husk or shell


βέργαι

grc-noun

βέργαι • (bérgai) f (genitive βεργῶν); first declension

bérgai (romanization)
βεργῶν (genitive)
αἱ βέργαι (nominative plural)
τῶν βεργῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς βέργαις (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς βέργᾱς (accusative plural)
βέργαι (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin virgae (“twigs, young shoots”).


ἀσκάληρον

ἀσκᾰ́ληρον • (askắlēron) n (genitive ἀσκᾰλήρου); second declension

ἀσκᾰ́ληρον (canonical)
askắlēron (romanization)
ἀσκᾰλήρου (genitive)
τὸ ἀσκᾰ́ληρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκᾰλήρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀσκᾰ́ληρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσκᾰλήρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκᾰλήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκᾰλήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσκᾰλήρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκᾰλήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσκᾰλήροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀσκᾰ́ληρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκᾰλήρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀσκᾰ́ληρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀσκᾰ́ληρον (singular vocative)
ἀσκᾰλήρω (dual vocative)
ἀσκᾰ́ληρᾰ (plural vocative)

From the same Pre-Greek root of synonymous σκαλίας (skalías).


κράδη

κρᾰ́δη • (krắdē) f (genitive κρᾰ́δης); first declension

κρᾰ́δη (canonical)
krắdē (romanization)
κρᾰ́δης (genitive)
ἡ κρᾰ́δη (nominative singular)
τὼ κρᾰ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κρᾰ́δαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κρᾰ́δης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρᾰ́δαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρᾰ́δῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρᾰ́δαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρᾰ́δαις (dative plural)
τὴν κρᾰ́δην (accusative singular)
τὼ κρᾰ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρᾰ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
κρᾰ́δη (singular vocative)
κρᾰ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
κρᾰ́δαι (plural vocative)

Unknown. It is uncertain whether this word is the origin of κραδάω (kradáō, “to swing, brandish”) or if it is the opposite. Traditionally connected to Latin cardō (“hinge, pivot”), but this remains hypothetical.

(botany) quivering spray at the end of a branch, especially of fig trees


ἀστερίσκος

ἀστερῐ́σκος • (asterĭ́skos) m (genitive ἀστερῐ́σκου); second declension

ἀστερῐ́σκος (canonical)
asterĭ́skos (romanization)
ἀστερῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ ἀστερῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστερῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀστερῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀστερῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστερῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστερῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀστερῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστερῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀστερῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀστερῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστερῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀστερῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
ἀστερῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
ἀστερῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
ἀστερῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

Greek: αστερίσκος (asterískos)

desctree

→ Latin: asteriscus
Asturian: asteriscu
Catalan: asterisc
→ English: asterisk (learned)
→ Japanese: アスタリスク
→ French: astérisque (learned)
→ Romanian: asterisc
Galician: asterisco
Italian: asterisco
Portuguese: asterisco
Spanish: asterisco

From ἀστήρ (astḗr, “star”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos, diminutive suffix).


κέστρος

grc-noun

κέστρος • (késtros) m (genitive κέστρου); second declension

késtros (romanization)
κέστρου (genitive)
ὁ κέστρος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέστρω (dual nominative)
οἱ κέστροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κέστρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέστροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κέστρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κέστρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέστροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κέστροις (dative plural)
τὸν κέστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ κέστρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κέστρους (accusative plural)
κέστρε (singular vocative)
κέστρω (dual vocative)
κέστροι (plural vocative)

From κεντέω (kentéō, “to sting, goad”) + -τρος (-tros).


βρύον

grc-noun

βρῠ́ον • (brŭ́on) n (genitive βρῠ́ου); second declension

βρῠ́ον (canonical)
brŭ́on (romanization)
βρῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βρῠ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρῠ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βρῠ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρῠ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
βρῠ́ον (singular vocative)
βρῠ́ω (dual vocative)
βρῠ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: bryon

→ Translingual: Bryum

From βρύω (brúō, “to abound, grow luxuriantly”).


βόρασσος

βόρᾰσσος • (bórăssos) m (genitive βορᾰ́σσου); second declension

βόρᾰσσος (canonical)
bórăssos (romanization)
βορᾰ́σσου (genitive)
ὁ βόρᾰσσος (nominative singular)
τὼ βορᾰ́σσω (dual nominative)
οἱ βόρᾰσσοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βορᾰ́σσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βορᾰ́σσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βορᾰ́σσων (genitive plural)
τῷ βορᾰ́σσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βορᾰ́σσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βορᾰ́σσοις (dative plural)
τὸν βόρᾰσσον (accusative singular)
τὼ βορᾰ́σσω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βορᾰ́σσους (accusative plural)
βόρᾰσσε (singular vocative)
βορᾰ́σσω (dual vocative)
βόρᾰσσοι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Borassus

An Egyptian word. Compare Arabic بسر (busr, “unripe dates”), Classical Syriac ܒܣܪܐ (*busrā, “unripe grape”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic בֻּסְרָא (busrā) and Hebrew בֹּסֶר (boser, “unripe grape”).

cog

(botany) growing spadix of the date with immature fruit


ἦτρον

grc-noun

ἦτρον • (êtron) n (genitive ἤτρου); second declension

êtron (romanization)
ἤτρου (genitive)
τὸ ἦτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἤτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἦτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἤτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἤτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἤτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἤτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἤτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἤτροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἦτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἤτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἦτρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἦτρον (singular vocative)
ἤτρω (dual vocative)
ἦτρᾰ (plural vocative)


ὀστρακίς

ὀστρᾰκῐ́ς • (ostrăkĭ́s) f (genitive ὀστρᾰκῐ́δος); third declension

ὀστρᾰκῐ́ς (canonical)
ostrăkĭ́s (romanization)
ὀστρᾰκῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ὀστρᾰκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀστρᾰκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀστρᾰκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀστρᾰκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστρᾰκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστρᾰκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀστρᾰκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστρᾰκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀστρᾰκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ὀστρᾰκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ostrăkĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs ostrăkĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ὀστρᾰκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀστρᾰκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀστρᾰκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ὀστρᾰκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ὀστρᾰκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ὀστρᾰκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From ὄστρᾰκον (óstrăkon, “earthen vessel; potsherd”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).


κόκκαλος

grc-noun

κόκκᾰλος • (kókkălos) m (genitive κοκκᾰ́λου); second declension

κόκκᾰλος (canonical)
kókkălos (romanization)
κοκκᾰ́λου (genitive)
ὁ κόκκᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοκκᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόκκᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοκκᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοκκᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοκκᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοκκᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοκκᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοκκᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόκκᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοκκᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοκκᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
κόκκᾰλε (singular vocative)
κοκκᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κόκκᾰλοι (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: κόκκαλον (kókkalon)

Greek: κόκαλο (kókalo)

desctree

→ Romani: kòkalo, kokalo
→ Romanian: cocal

From κόκκος (kókkos, “grain, seed, kernel”). Compare Ancient Greek Κώκαλος (Kṓkalos).

(botany) pine kernel, the seed of the pinecone


δέσις

grc-noun

δέσῐς • (désĭs) f (genitive δέσεως); third declension

δέσῐς (canonical)
désĭs (romanization)
δέσεως (genitive)
ἡ δέσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ δέσει (dual nominative)
αἱ δέσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς δέσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν δεσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δέσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ δέσει (dative singular)
τοῖν δεσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δέσεσῐ (dative plural)
δέσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs désesĭ (dative plural)
taîs désesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν δέσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ δέσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δέσεις (accusative plural)
δέσῐ (singular vocative)
δέσει (dual vocative)
δέσεις (plural vocative)

→ English: -desis

From δέω (déō, “to bind, tie, fasten”) + -σῐς (-sĭs, nominal suffix).

af

Binding together, setting of stones, tying in bundles.


σατυρίσκος

grc-noun

σᾰτῠρῐ́σκος • (sătŭrĭ́skos) m (genitive σᾰτῠρῐ́σκου); second declension

σᾰτῠρῐ́σκος (canonical)
sătŭrĭ́skos (romanization)
σᾰτῠρῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠρῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰτῠρῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠρῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰτῠρῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν σᾰτῠρῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠρῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾰτῠρῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
σᾰτῠρῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
σᾰτῠρῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
σᾰτῠρῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

From σᾰ́τῠρος (sắtŭros, “satyr”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos, diminutive suffix).


κολοκυνθίς

grc-noun

κολοκυνθίδος

κολοκυνθίς • (kolokunthís) f (genitive κολοκυνθίδος); third declension

kolokunthís (romanization)
κολοκυνθίδος (genitive)

→ Latin: colocynthis

→ English: colocynth (learned)

→ French: coloquinte (learned)

→ Spanish: coloquíntida (learned)

→ Catalan: coloquinta (learned)

From κολοκύνθη (kolokúnthē, “pumpkin”) + -ίς (-ís, suffix).


ἔκτομον

grc-noun

ἔκτομον • (éktomon) n (genitive ἐκτόμου); second declension

éktomon (romanization)
ἐκτόμου (genitive)
τὸ ἔκτομον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐκτόμω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔκτομᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐκτόμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐκτόμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐκτόμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐκτόμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐκτόμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐκτόμοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἔκτομον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐκτόμω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔκτομᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔκτομον (singular vocative)
ἐκτόμω (dual vocative)
ἔκτομᾰ (plural vocative)

(botany) black hellebore, white hellebore


σιδηρίτης

σῐδηρῑ́της • (sĭdērī́tēs) m (genitive σῐδηρῑ́του); first declension

σῐδηρῑ́της (canonical)
sĭdērī́tēs (romanization)
σῐδηρῑ́του (genitive)
sĭdērîtĭs (romanization)
used as adjectives (also)
ὁ σῐδηρῑ́της (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐδηρῑ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ σῐδηρῖται (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐδηρῑ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐδηρῑ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐδηρῑτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐδηρῑ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐδηρῑ́ταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐδηρῑ́ταις (dative plural)
τὸν σῐδηρῑ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐδηρῑ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σῐδηρῑ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐδηρῖτᾰ (singular vocative)
σῐδηρῑ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐδηρῖται (plural vocative)

desc

> Byzantine Greek: σιδηρίτης (sidērítēs) (inherited) with sense from σῐδηρῖτῐς f (sĭdērîtĭs)

→ Greek: σιδηρίτης (sidirítis) (learned) - also see σιδερίτης (siderítis)

→ Latin: sĭdērītes - and sĭdērītis from σῐδηρῖτῐς f (sĭdērîtĭs) (see there for further descendants)

σῐ́δηρ(ος) (sĭ́dēr(os), “iron”) + -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs, masculine suffix).

af

(botany, Hellenistic senses) name of various plants

for sense "ironwort" see σῐδηρῖτῐς f (sĭdērîtĭs)

περιστερεὼν ὕπτιος

also see the plants ἑλξίνη (helxínē), χαμαίπιτυς (khamaípitus), περιστερεὼν ὕπτιος (peristereṑn húptios)


βουκέφαλος

grc-noun

βουκέφᾰλος • (bouképhălos) m (genitive βουκεφᾰ́λου); second declension

βουκέφᾰλος (canonical)
bouképhălos (romanization)
βουκεφᾰ́λου (genitive)
ὁ βουκέφᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ βουκεφᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ βουκέφᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουκεφᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουκεφᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουκεφᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουκεφᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουκεφᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουκεφᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν βουκέφᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουκεφᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουκεφᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
βουκέφᾰλε (singular vocative)
βουκεφᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
βουκέφᾰλοι (plural vocative)

βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + κεφᾰλή (kephălḗ, “head”) + -ος (-os, adjective forming suffix).

af

(botany) thistle; one of various prickly plants:

water chestnut, water caltrop (Trapa natans)

Tribulus terrestris
Tribulus terrestris#Translingual

thistle; one of various prickly plants:
caltrop (Tribulus terrestris)


γόγγρος

grc-noun

γόγγρος • (góngros) m (genitive γόγγρου); second declension

góngros (romanization)
γόγγρου (genitive)
ὁ γόγγρος (nominative singular)
τὼ γόγγρω (dual nominative)
οἱ γόγγροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ γόγγρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γόγγροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γόγγρων (genitive plural)
τῷ γόγγρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γόγγροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γόγγροις (dative plural)
τὸν γόγγρον (accusative singular)
τὼ γόγγρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς γόγγρους (accusative plural)
γόγγρε (singular vocative)
γόγγρω (dual vocative)
γόγγροι (plural vocative)

Latin: conger (see there for further descendants)

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.8.6

(phytopathology) tubercular disease in olive trees