ὀφθαλμός

grc-noun

ὀφθᾰλμός • (ophthălmós) m (genitive ὀφθᾰλμοῦ); second declension

ὀφθᾰλμός (canonical)
ophthălmós (romanization)
ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀφθᾰλμός (nominative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀφθᾰλμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖν (dual genitive)
ὀφθᾰλμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀφθᾰλμῷ (dative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀφθᾰλμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀφθᾰλμόν (accusative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀφθᾰλμούς (accusative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμέ (singular vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (plural vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμός (nominative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual nominative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (nominative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῦ (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖο (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμόο (genitive singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖῐν (dual genitive)
ὀφθᾰλμῶν (genitive plural)
ὀφθᾰλμῷ (dative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖῐν (dative dual)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖσῐ (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖσῐν (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμοῖς (dative plural)
ophthălmoîsĭ (dative plural)
ophthălmoîsĭn (dative plural)
ophthălmoîs (dative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμόν (accusative singular)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (accusative dual)
ὀφθᾰλμούς (accusative plural)
ὀφθᾰλμέ (singular vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμώ (dual vocative)
ὀφθᾰλμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: οφθαλμός (ofthalmós)

→ English: ophthalmo-

→ French: ophtalmo-

→ German: ophthalmo-

Traditionally derived from ὄψ (óps, “eye”) + θάλαμος (thálamos, “chamber”), but note the usual ancient Greek word for eye is the similar ὤψ (ṓps), with a long /o/.
Based on irregular κτ : πτ : φθ variation seen in variants like ὄκταλλος (óktallos) and ὀπτίλλος (optíllos), as well as the suffix -αλλ- (-all-) seen in ὄκταλλος (óktallos) being difficult to explain in Indo-European terms, Beekes takes the word to be of Pre-Greek origin, with proto-form *okʷt-alʸ-m-. The hypothetical Pre-Greek form's similarity to the Proto-Indo-European equivalent *h₃ókʷs (“eye”) is coincidental, according to Beekes; he additionally notes the contrast with the Homeric gloss ὄκκον (ókkon) given to ὀφθαλμόν (ophthalmón), which may be from the Indo-European root.
Alternatively, Watkins derives it from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs by taboo deformation to avoid the evil eye.

compound

(architecture, in the dual) disks forming the centers of the volutes of an Ionic capital


οὖς

grc-noun

οὖς • (oûs) n (genitive ὠτός); third declension

oûs (romanization)
ὠτός (genitive)
τὸ οὖς (nominative singular)
ὦτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὠτός (genitive singular)
ὤτοιν (dual genitive)
ὤτων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὠτῐ́ (dative singular)
ὤτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὠσῐ́ (dative plural)
ὠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs ōsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸ οὖς (accusative singular)
ὦτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
ὦτε (dual vocative)
ὦτᾰ (plural vocative)
οὖς (nominative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
οὔᾰτος (genitive singular)
οὐάτων (genitive plural)
οὔᾰτῐ (dative singular)
οὔᾰσῐ (dative plural)
οὔᾰσῐν (dative plural)
ὠσί (dative plural)
ὠσίν (dative plural)
oúăsĭ (dative plural)
oúăsĭn (dative plural)
ōsí (dative plural)
ōsín (dative plural)
οὖς (accusative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
οὔᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)
ὦς (alternative Doric Koine)

grc-decl

οὔᾰσῐ(ν), ὠσί(ν)

Koine Greek: ὠτίον (ōtíon), ὠτία (ōtía)

Byzantine Greek: ἀφτίον (aphtíon), ἀφτία (aphtía)

Greek: αφτί (aftí), αυτί (aftí)

Mariupol Greek: фты (fty)

→ English: oto-, ot-

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”), the oblique stem being from a lengthened form *h₂ows-nt-, for which compare Old Armenian ունկն (unkn). Cognate with Old English ēare (English ear), Latin auris, Old Church Slavonic оухо (uxo), and Old Irish áu.

(architecture) synonym of πᾰρωτῐ́ς (părōtĭ́s)


πόλος

grc-noun

πόλος • (pólos) m (genitive πόλου); second declension

pólos (romanization)
πόλου (genitive)
ὁ πόλος (nominative singular)
πόλω (dual nominative)
οἱ πόλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πόλου (genitive singular)
πόλοιν (dual genitive)
πόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ πόλῳ (dative singular)
πόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πόλοις (dative plural)
τὸν πόλον (accusative singular)
πόλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πόλους (accusative plural)
πόλε (singular vocative)
πόλω (dual vocative)
πόλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: πόλος (pólos)

→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Hellenic *pólos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷól-os, from *kʷel- (“to turn”); see also the related πέλομαι (pélomai, “to become”).


ὀμφαλός

ὀμφᾰλός • (omphălós) m (genitive ὀμφᾰλοῦ); second declension

ὀμφᾰλός (canonical)
omphălós (romanization)
ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀμφᾰλός (nominative singular)
ὀμφᾰλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀμφᾰλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive singular)
ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dual genitive)
ὀμφᾰλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀμφᾰλῷ (dative singular)
ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀμφᾰλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀμφᾰλόν (accusative singular)
ὀμφᾰλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀμφᾰλούς (accusative plural)
ὀμφᾰλέ (singular vocative)
ὀμφᾰλώ (dual vocative)
ὀμφᾰλοί (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: αφαλός m (afalós), ομφαλός m (omfalós, “navel”)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃m̥bʰ-l̥-, from *h₃nebʰ- (“navel, center”). Cognates include Sanskrit नभ्य (nabhya), Latin umbilīcus, and Old English nafola (English navel).

(architecture) keystone of an arched vault


θόλος

grc-noun

θόλος • (thólos) f (genitive θόλου); second declension

thólos (romanization)
θόλου (genitive)
ἡ θόλος (nominative singular)
θόλω (dual nominative)
αἱ θόλοι (nominative plural)
τῆς θόλου (genitive singular)
θόλοιν (dual genitive)
θόλων (genitive plural)
τῇ θόλῳ (dative singular)
θόλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θόλοις (dative plural)
τὴν θόλον (accusative singular)
θόλω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θόλους (accusative plural)
θόλε (singular vocative)
θόλω (dual vocative)
θόλοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: tholus

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: طولوس (tolos), طولس (tolos), طولوز (toloz)
Turkish: tonoz
→ Armenian: թօնօզ (tʻōnōz)

Unknown. According to Beekes, the comparison with Proto-Germanic *dalą (“valley”) and Proto-Slavic *dȏlъ (“valley”) should be discarded. The connection with θάλαμος (thálamos, “bedroom”) makes more sense and would lead to a Pre-Greek origin. A few scholars, such as Guus Kroonen, still maintain the Indo-European etymology and reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *dʰól(h₂)os.

(architecture) A round building with conical roof, a rotunda


σκοτία

grc-noun

σκοτῐ́ᾱ • (skotĭ́ā) f (genitive σκοτῐ́ᾱς); first declension

σκοτῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
skotĭ́ā (romanization)
σκοτῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σκοτῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
σκοτῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκοτῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκοτῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
σκοτῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
σκοτῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκοτῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
σκοτῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκοτῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν σκοτῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
σκοτῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκοτῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
σκοτῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
σκοτῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
σκοτῐ́αι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: scotia
Catalan: escòcia
English: scotia
Italian: scozia
Spanish: esgucio, escocia

Greek: σκοτία (skotía)

From σκότος (skótos, “darkness”) + -ία (-ía).

Vitruvius 3.3

(architecture) scotia, cavetto, so called from the dark shadow it casts


πλίνθος

grc-noun

πλίνθος • (plínthos) f (genitive πλίνθου); second declension

plínthos (romanization)
πλίνθου (genitive)
ἡ πλῐ́νθος (nominative singular)
πλῐ́νθω (dual nominative)
αἱ πλῐ́νθοι (nominative plural)
τῆς πλῐ́νθου (genitive singular)
πλῐ́νθοιν (dual genitive)
πλῐ́νθων (genitive plural)
τῇ πλῐ́νθῳ (dative singular)
πλῐ́νθοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλῐ́νθοις (dative plural)
τὴν πλῐ́νθον (accusative singular)
πλῐ́νθω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλῐ́νθους (accusative plural)
πλῐ́νθε (singular vocative)
πλῐ́νθω (dual vocative)
πλῐ́νθοι (plural vocative)
πλίνθον (alternative)

desctree

→ Latin: plinthus
Italian: plinto
Middle French: plinte
French: plinthe
→ Dutch: plint
→ English: plinth
Portuguese: plinto
→ Russian: пли́нтус (plíntus)
→ Ukrainian: плі́нтус (plíntus)
Spanish: plinto

desc

→ Old East Slavic: плинѳа (plinθa), плинѳъ (plinθŭ), плинтъ (plintŭ)

→ Russian: пли́нфа (plínfa)

→ Ukrainian: плі́нфа (plínfa)

According to Beekes, the semantic field of architecture, as well as the presence of the element "-ινθ-", suggest a loan from Pre-Greek.


καθέδρα

grc-noun

κᾰθέδρᾱ • (kăthédrā) f (genitive κᾰθέδρᾱς); first declension

κᾰθέδρᾱ (canonical)
kăthédrā (romanization)
κᾰθέδρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰθέδρᾱ (nominative singular)
κᾰθέδρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰθέδραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰθέδρᾱς (genitive singular)
κᾰθέδραιν (dual genitive)
κᾰθεδρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰθέδρᾳ (dative singular)
κᾰθέδραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰθέδραις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰθέδρᾱν (accusative singular)
κᾰθέδρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰθέδρᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰθέδρᾱ (singular vocative)
κᾰθέδρᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰθέδραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cathedra (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: каѳедра (kaθedra)

→ Belarusian: ка́федра (káfjedra)

→ Russian: ка́федра (káfedra)

→ Ukrainian: ка́федра (káfedra)

→ Georgian: კათედრა (ḳatedra)

From κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”).

af

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 17.1.46


στοῖχος

grc-noun

στοῖχος • (stoîkhos) m (genitive στοίχου); second declension

stoîkhos (romanization)
στοίχου (genitive)
ὁ στοῖχος (nominative singular)
στοίχω (dual nominative)
οἱ στοῖχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στοίχου (genitive singular)
στοίχοιν (dual genitive)
στοίχων (genitive plural)
τῷ στοίχῳ (dative singular)
στοίχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στοίχοις (dative plural)
τὸν στοῖχον (accusative singular)
στοίχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στοίχους (accusative plural)
στοῖχε (singular vocative)
στοίχω (dual vocative)
στοῖχοι (plural vocative)

⇒ English: stoich.

⇒ German: stoich.

From Proto-Hellenic *stóikʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *stóygʰ-os, from *steygʰ- (“go, climb”). By surface analysis, a nominal derivative of στείχω (steíkhō, “to walk, march”).
Cognate of Proto-Germanic *staigō, Latvian staĩga, Albanian shteg, Sanskrit स्तिघ्नोति (stighnoti).

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.125

(architecture) the first course of masonry steps,

row in an ascending series
the first course of masonry steps,

Inscriptiones Graecae 2.463.58

Inscriptiones Graecae 2.1682.10

row in an ascending series
(architecture) course of bricks

row in an ascending series
course of bricks


τύμπανον

τῠ́μπᾰνον • (tŭ́mpănon) n (genitive τῠμπᾰ́νου); second declension

τῠ́μπᾰνον (canonical)
tŭ́mpănon (romanization)
τῠμπᾰ́νου (genitive)
τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον (nominative singular)
τῠμπᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῠμπᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τῠμπᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῠμπᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ τῠμπᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τῠμπᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῠμπᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον (accusative singular)
τῠμπᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ (accusative plural)
τῠ́μπᾰνον (singular vocative)
τῠμπᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ (plural vocative)
τῠ́πᾰνον (alternative poetic)
τῠ́μπᾰνος (alternative)

Byzantine Greek: τύμπανον (túmpanon)

Greek: τύμπανο (týmpano)

→ Old French: timbre

→ English: timbre

French: timbre

→ Amharic: ቴምብር (tembər)

→ Latin: tympanum

→ English: tympanum

From τῠ́πτω (tŭ́ptō, “to strike, beat, smite”) + -ᾰνον (-ănon).

af

(architecture) sunken triangular space enclosed by the cornice of the pediment; square panel of a door


στάδιον

grc-noun

στᾰ́δῐον • (stắdĭon) n (genitive στᾰδῐ́ου); second declension

στᾰ́δῐον (canonical)
stắdĭon (romanization)
στᾰδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ στᾰ́δῐον (nominative singular)
στᾰδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στᾰ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στᾰδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
στᾰδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
στᾰδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ στᾰδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
στᾰδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στᾰδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ στᾰ́δῐον (accusative singular)
στᾰδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στᾰ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
στᾰ́δῐον (singular vocative)
στᾰδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
στᾰ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)
σπάδιον (alternative)

Greek: στάδιο (stádio)

→ Bulgarian: стадион (stadion)

→ English: stadion

→ German: Stadion

desc

→ Hebrew: אצטדיון

→ Hebrew: אצטדיון

→ Hungarian: stadion

→ Latin: stadium

Catalan: estadi

→ Czech: stádium

→ English: stadium

French: stade

→ English: stade

Italian: stadio

Spanish: estadio

→ Macedonian: стадион (stadion)

→ Old Armenian: ստադիոն (stadion)

→ Old Georgian: სტადიონი (sṭadioni, “step; stadium”)

→ Russian: стадион (stadion)

→ Serbo-Croatian: stadion, стадион

→ Ukrainian: стадіо́н (stadión)

Uncertain, but possibly from στάδιος (stádios, “firm, fixed”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), in reference to the fixed distance of the course. The relation with the alternative form σπάδιον (spádion), which ostensibly looks like a derivative of σπᾰ́ω (spắō, “to draw, drag”), as well as whether one is derived from the other or not, is unclear.

der

(architecture) A 600-foot track for footraces and the surrounding stadium.


σπεῖρα

grc-noun

σπεῖρα • (speîra) f (genitive σπείρᾱς); first declension

speîra (romanization)
σπείρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σπεῖρᾰ (nominative singular)
σπείρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σπεῖραι (nominative plural)
τῆς σπείρᾱς (genitive singular)
σπείραιν (dual genitive)
σπειρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σπείρᾳ (dative singular)
σπείραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σπείραις (dative plural)
τὴν σπεῖρᾰν (accusative singular)
σπείρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σπείρᾱς (accusative plural)
σπεῖρᾰ (singular vocative)
σπείρᾱ (dual vocative)
σπεῖραι (plural vocative)
ἡ σπεῖρᾰ (nominative singular)
σπείρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σπεῖραι (nominative plural)
τῆς σπείρης (genitive singular)
σπείραιν (dual genitive)
σπειρέων (genitive plural)
σπειρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σπείρῃ (dative singular)
σπείραιν (dative dual)
τῇσῐ (dative plural)
τῇσῐν σπείρῃσῐ (dative plural)
σπείρῃσῐν (dative plural)
têisĭ speírēisĭ (dative plural)
têisĭ speírēisĭn (dative plural)
têisĭnĭ (dative plural)
têisĭnĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σπεῖρᾰν (accusative singular)
σπείρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σπείρᾱς (accusative plural)
σπεῖρᾰ (singular vocative)
σπείρᾱ (dual vocative)
σπεῖραι (plural vocative)

Greek: σπείρα (speíra)

→ Latin: spīra

From Proto-Indo-European *sper-yeh₂-, from *sper- (“to twist”), and thus cognate with σπάργανον (spárganon, “swaddling clothes”), σπάρτον (spárton, “rope, cable”), and σπεῖρον (speîron, “shroud”). Outside of Hellenic, cognate with Old Armenian փարել (pʻarel, “to enclose, embrace”) (whence Armenian փարվել (pʻarvel, “id”)), as well as perhaps Albanian fier (“fern”) (which directly corresponds in formation with σπεῖρον (speîron)).

cog

anything twisted or wound
(architecture) torus of a column

anything twisted or wound
torus of a column


νάρθηξ

grc-noun

νᾰ́ρθηξ • (nắrthēx) m (genitive νᾰ́ρθηκος); third declension

νᾰ́ρθηξ (canonical)
nắrthēx (romanization)
νᾰ́ρθηκος (genitive)
ὁ νᾰ́ρθηξ (nominative singular)
νᾰ́ρθηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ νᾰ́ρθηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ νᾰ́ρθηκος (genitive singular)
νᾰρθήκοιν (dual genitive)
νᾰρθήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ νᾰ́ρθηκῐ (dative singular)
νᾰρθήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νᾰ́ρθηξῐ (dative plural)
νᾰ́ρθηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs nắrthēxĭ (dative plural)
toîs nắrthēxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν νᾰ́ρθηκᾰ (accusative singular)
νᾰ́ρθηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς νᾰ́ρθηκᾰς (accusative plural)
νᾰ́ρθηξ (singular vocative)
νᾰ́ρθηκε (dual vocative)
νᾰ́ρθηκες (plural vocative)
νάθραξ (alternative)

Greek: νάρθηκας (nárthikas)

→ Aramaic:

desc

Jewish Literary Aramaic: נַרְתֵּקָא (nartēqā), נַרְתֵּיקָא (nartēqā)

Classical Syriac: ܢܰܪܬܺܝܟܣ (nartiks), ܢܰܪܬܺܟܣ (nartiks), ܢܰܐܪܬܺܝܟܣ (nartiks), ܢܰܐܪܬܺܝܟܘܣ (nartikos)

→ Late Babylonian: 𒈾𒀾𒌇 (na-áš-tuq /naštūq/, “money pouch of leather”)

→ English: narthex

→ Hebrew: נַרְתִּיק (nartīq), נַרְתֵּיק (nartēq), נַרְתֵּק (nartēq)

→ Italian: nartece

→ Translingual: Narthex

According to Beekes, the presence of a variant and the ending in -ξ (-x) indicate a Pre-Greek origin.


κερκίς

grc-noun

κερκῐ́ς • (kerkĭ́s) f (genitive κερκῐ́δος); third declension

κερκῐ́ς (canonical)
kerkĭ́s (romanization)
κερκῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κερκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
κερκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κερκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κερκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
κερκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
κερκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κερκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
κερκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κερκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κερκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kerkĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kerkĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κερκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κερκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κερκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κερκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κερκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κερκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Cercis

Unclear; possibly either from Pre-Greek or a diminutive form of κέρκος (kérkos, “tail”) ( + -ίς (-ís)).

(architecture) wedge shaped division of the seats in the theatre


δοκοθήκη

δοκοθήκη • (dokothḗkē) f (genitive δοκοθήκης); first declension

dokothḗkē (romanization)
δοκοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ δοκοθήκη (nominative singular)
δοκοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δοκοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δοκοθήκης (genitive singular)
δοκοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
δοκοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δοκοθήκῃ (dative singular)
δοκοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δοκοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν δοκοθήκην (accusative singular)
δοκοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δοκοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
δοκοθήκη (singular vocative)
δοκοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
δοκοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From δοκός (dokós, “beam”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).

af

(architecture) A holed stone for insertion of roof beams


αἴθουσα

grc-noun

αἴθουσᾰ • (aíthousă) f (genitive αἰθούσης); first declension

αἴθουσᾰ (canonical)
aíthousă (romanization)
αἰθούσης (genitive)
ἡ αἴθουσᾰ (nominative singular)
αἰθούσᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ αἴθουσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς αἰθούσης (genitive singular)
αἰθούσαιν (dual genitive)
αἰθουσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ αἰθούσῃ (dative singular)
αἰθούσαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς αἰθούσαις (dative plural)
τὴν αἴθουσᾰν (accusative singular)
αἰθούσᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς αἰθούσᾱς (accusative plural)
αἴθουσᾰ (singular vocative)
αἰθούσᾱ (dual vocative)
αἴθουσαι (plural vocative)
αἰδῶσσα (alternative)
αἴθουσσα (alternative)
αἴδῶσσα (alternative)

→ Greek: αίθουσα (aíthousa)

→ Translingual: Aethusa

Traditionally explained as a derivation from αἴθω (aíthō, “to glow”) but this is a folk etymology. The word is more likely from Pre-Greek (albeit with semantic reinforcement from the folk etymology), due to the likely-related αἴδῶσσα (aídôssa, “the walls of a court of hall”) demonstrating significant consonantal variation, as well as the variant αἴθουσσα (aíthoussa) showing σ/σσ variation.


ἀνδριαντοθήκη

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη • (andrĭantothḗkē) f (genitive ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης); first declension

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (canonical)
andrĭantothḗkē (romanization)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (nominative singular)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνδρῐαντοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης (genitive singular)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
ἀνδρῐαντοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκῃ (dative singular)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνδρῐαντοθήκην (accusative singular)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀνδρῐαντοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη

From ἀνδριάς (andriás, “statue”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


σελίς

grc-noun

σελίς • (selís) f (genitive σελίδος); third declension

selís (romanization)
σελίδος (genitive)
ἡ σελῐ́ς (nominative singular)
σελῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σελῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σελῐ́δος (genitive singular)
σελῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
σελῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σελῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
σελῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σελῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σελῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs selĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs selĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σελῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
σελῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σελῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σελῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σελῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σελῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: σελίδα (selída)

Clearly related to σέλμα (sélma, “deck of a ship”). These words have been compared to Old English selma and syll, and to German Schwelle (“threshold”), but phonetically this etymology is unconvincing. If the gloss cited by Hesychius, ἔλματα (élmata, “planking”), is cognate, then the σελμα-ἔλμα alternation would point to a Pre-Greek origin.

(architecture) crossbeam of stone in ceiling construction


ψαλίς

ψᾰλίς • (psălís) f (genitive ψᾰλίδος); third declension

ψᾰλίς (canonical)
psălís (romanization)
ψᾰλίδος (genitive)
ἡ ψᾰλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ψᾰλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ψᾰλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
ψᾰλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ψᾰλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψᾰλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ψᾰλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs psălĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs psălĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ψᾰλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψᾰλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ψᾰλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ψᾰλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: ψαλίδι (psalídi) (through Koine and diminutive ψαλίδιον)

Mariupol Greek: псалы́дъ (psalýð) (through Koine and diminutive ψαλίδιον)

Uncertain but perhaps related to ψάλιον (psálion, “curb chain”) and ψέλιον (psélion, “armlet”). Maybe from Pre-Greek.

(architecture) vault, crypt, barrel vault


γεῖσον

γεῖσον • (geîson) n (genitive γείσου); second declension

geîson (romanization)
γείσου (genitive)
τὸ γεῖσον (nominative singular)
γείσω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γεῖσᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γείσου (genitive singular)
γείσοιν (dual genitive)
γείσων (genitive plural)
τῷ γείσῳ (dative singular)
γείσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γείσοις (dative plural)
τὸ γεῖσον (accusative singular)
γείσω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γεῖσᾰ (accusative plural)
γεῖσον (singular vocative)
γείσω (dual vocative)
γεῖσᾰ (plural vocative)
γεῖσα (alternative)
γεῖσος (alternative)
γεῖσσον (alternative)

According to Stephanus of Byzantium, a Carian word related to γίσσα (gíssa, “stone”). Furnée compares Georgian ხრეში (xreši, “gravel”) and κίσηρις (kísēris, “pumice stone”). In any case, the word is a loan, either from an Anatolian language or from Pre-Greek.

(architecture) projecting part of the roof, cornice


θριγκός

θριγκός • (thrinkós) m (genitive θριγκοῦ); second declension

thrinkós (romanization)
θριγκοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θριγκός (nominative singular)
θριγκώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θριγκοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θριγκοῦ (genitive singular)
θριγκοῖν (dual genitive)
θριγκῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θριγκῷ (dative singular)
θριγκοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θριγκοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θριγκόν (accusative singular)
θριγκώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θριγκούς (accusative plural)
θριγκέ (singular vocative)
θριγκώ (dual vocative)
θριγκοί (plural vocative)
θριγγός (alternative)
θριγχός (alternative)
τριγκός (alternative)

Greek: θριγκός (thrigkós)

According to Beekes, the word is undoubtedly from Pre-Greek.

(architecture) topmost course of stones in a wall, cornice, coping, frieze


πρέμνον

πρέμνον • (prémnon) n (genitive πρέμνου); second declension

prémnon (romanization)
πρέμνου (genitive)
τὸ πρέμνον (nominative singular)
πρέμνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρέμνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρέμνου (genitive singular)
πρέμνοιν (dual genitive)
πρέμνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πρέμνῳ (dative singular)
πρέμνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρέμνοις (dative plural)
τὸ πρέμνον (accusative singular)
πρέμνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρέμνᾰ (accusative plural)
πρέμνον (singular vocative)
πρέμνω (dual vocative)
πρέμνᾰ (plural vocative)

Unexplained. Furnée assumes that is a variant of πρυμνός (prumnós, “hindmost, undermost”) and considers the word Pre-Greek.

unk

Unexplained


ὀπή

grc-noun

ὀπή • (opḗ) f (genitive ὀπῆς); first declension

opḗ (romanization)
ὀπῆς (genitive)
ἡ ὀπή (nominative singular)
ὀπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀπῆς (genitive singular)
ὀπαῖν (dual genitive)
ὀπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀπῇ (dative singular)
ὀπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ὀπήν (accusative singular)
ὀπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ὀπή (singular vocative)
ὀπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ὀπαί (plural vocative)

Greek: οπή (opí)

From the radical *ὀπ- (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-), the same root of ὄμμα (ómma, “eye”).

(architecture) hole in the frieze left to receive the beam-ends


μετόπη

μετόπη • (metópē) f (genitive μετόπης); first declension

metópē (romanization)
μετόπης (genitive)
ἡ μετόπη (nominative singular)
μετόπᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μετόπαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μετόπης (genitive singular)
μετόπαιν (dual genitive)
μετοπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μετόπῃ (dative singular)
μετόπαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μετόπαις (dative plural)
τὴν μετόπην (accusative singular)
μετόπᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μετόπᾱς (accusative plural)
μετόπη (singular vocative)
μετόπᾱ (dual vocative)
μετόπαι (plural vocative)

→ English: metope

From μετᾰ- (metă-, “in the midst of”) + ὀπή (opḗ, “hole, opening”).


κάμινος

grc-noun

κάμῑνος • (kámīnos) f (genitive καμῑ́νου); second declension

κάμῑνος (canonical)
kámīnos (romanization)
καμῑ́νου (genitive)
ἡ κάμῑνος (nominative singular)
καμῑ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ κάμῑνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς καμῑ́νου (genitive singular)
καμῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
καμῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ καμῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
καμῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καμῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν κάμῑνον (accusative singular)
καμῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καμῑ́νους (accusative plural)
κάμῑνε (singular vocative)
καμῑ́νω (dual vocative)
κάμῑνοι (plural vocative)
κάμινη (alternative)

Greek: κάμινος (káminos)

→ Romanian: cămin (or via Slavic)

→ Aramaic: קמינא / ܩܡܝܢܐ (qamīnā, qāmēynā), קאמינא / ܩܐܡܝܢܐ (qamīnā, qāmēynā)

→ Arabic: قَمِين (qamīn)

→ Latin: camīnus (see there for further descendants)

A technical loan of unknown origin. The comparison with καμάρα (kamára, “vaulted chamber”) has little value, while the one with Proto-Slavic *kamy (“stone”) is possible. Note that the suffix "-ῑνος" is typical of Pre-Greek.

unk

unknown


ἄντυξ

grc-noun

ἄντῠξ • (ántŭx) f (genitive ἄντῠγος); third declension

ἄντῠξ (canonical)
ántŭx (romanization)
ἄντῠγος (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓́ντῠξ (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓́ντῠγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓́ντῠγος (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓ντῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓ντῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓́ντῠγῐ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓ντῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ντῠξῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́ντῠξῐν (dative plural)
taîs ắntŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs ắntŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓́ντῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ντῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ντῠξ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγες (plural vocative)

Unknown. Previously explained as ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + a root noun belonging to τεύχω (teúkhō, “to make, do”), but this is highly questionable. The word resembles ἄμπυξ (ámpux) and καταῖτυξ (kataîtux), both without etymology.


κόρση

κόρση • (kórsē) f (genitive κόρσης); first declension

kórsē (romanization)
κόρσης (genitive)
ἡ κόρση (nominative singular)
κόρσᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόρσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόρσης (genitive singular)
κόρσαιν (dual genitive)
κορσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόρσῃ (dative singular)
κόρσαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόρσαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόρσην (accusative singular)
κόρσᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόρσᾱς (accusative plural)
κόρση (singular vocative)
κόρσᾱ (dual vocative)
κόρσαι (plural vocative)
κόρρα (alternative Doric)
κόρρη (alternative Attic)
κόρσα (alternative Aeolic)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), the same root of κείρω (keírō, “to cut”) and κορμός (kormós, “trunk”). Perhaps the original meaning of this word was "haircut at the temples".


κάλαθος

κᾰ́λᾰθος • (kắlăthos) m (genitive κᾰλᾰ́θου); second declension

κᾰ́λᾰθος (canonical)
kắlăthos (romanization)
κᾰλᾰ́θου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰ́λᾰθος (nominative singular)
κᾰλᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰ́λᾰθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰλᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
κᾰλᾰ́θοιν (dual genitive)
κᾰλᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰλᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
κᾰλᾰ́θοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰλᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰ́λᾰθον (accusative singular)
κᾰλᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰλᾰ́θους (accusative plural)
κᾰ́λᾰθε (singular vocative)
κᾰλᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
κᾰ́λᾰθοι (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܠܬܐ (qaltā)

→ Latin: calathus

Catalan: calaix

→ Sardinian: calasciu

→ Spanish: calaje

desc

→ Georgian: კალათა (ḳalata), კალათი (ḳalati)

→ Laz: კალათი (ǩalati)

→ Old Armenian: կեղթ (kełtʻ), կաղթ (kałtʻ)

Armenian: կաղաթ (kaġatʻ), կաղարթ (kaġartʻ), կալաթ (kalatʻ), կղաթ (kġatʻ)

Compared by Beekes to γυργαθός (gurgathós), κύαθος (kúathos) and ὁρμαθός (hormathós) and declared Pre-Greek.
Contended by Rosół as from Egyptian krḥt (“a basket for fruits as well as for flowers”), after a previous suggestion by Bernal of qrḥt (“pot”), which is both implausible, due the specific form of the containers and phonetic shapes in question.


τελαμών

grc-noun

τελᾰμών • (telămṓn) m (genitive τελᾰμῶνος); third declension

τελᾰμών (canonical)
telămṓn (romanization)
τελᾰμῶνος (genitive)
ὁ τελᾰμών (nominative singular)
τελᾰμῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ τελᾰμῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τελᾰμῶνος (genitive singular)
τελᾰμώνοιν (dual genitive)
τελᾰμώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ τελᾰμῶνῐ (dative singular)
τελᾰμώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τελᾰμῶσῐ (dative plural)
τελᾰμῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs telămôsĭ (dative plural)
toîs telămôsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν τελᾰμῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τελᾰμῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τελᾰμῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
τελᾰμών (singular vocative)
τελᾰμῶνε (dual vocative)
τελᾰμῶνες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: telamōn

From Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to bear”) + -μων (-mōn), as its original meaning was "bearer".

(architecture) telamon, colossal figure used as bearing-pillars


ὑπερθύριον

ὑπερθῠ́ρῐον • (huperthŭ́rĭon) n (genitive ὑπερθῠρῐ́ου); second declension

ὑπερθῠ́ρῐον (canonical)
huperthŭ́rĭon (romanization)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ὑπερθῠ́ρῐον (nominative singular)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὑπερθῠ́ρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὑπερθῠρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὑπερθῠρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὑπερθῠρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ὑπερθῠ́ρῐον (accusative singular)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὑπερθῠ́ρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑπερθῠ́ρῐον (singular vocative)
ὑπερθῠρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ὑπερθῠ́ρῐᾰ (plural vocative)
ὑπέρθυρον (alternative)

Greek: υπέρθυρο (ypérthyro)

From ὑπερ- (huper-, “over”) + θύρα (thúra, “door”) + -ῐον (-ĭon).


στρωτήρ

grc-noun

στρωτήρ • (strōtḗr) m (genitive στρωτῆρος); third declension

strōtḗr (romanization)
στρωτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ στρωτήρ (nominative singular)
στρωτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ στρωτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρωτῆρος (genitive singular)
στρωτήροιν (dual genitive)
στρωτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ στρωτῆρῐ (dative singular)
στρωτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρωτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
στρωτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs strōtêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs strōtêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν στρωτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
στρωτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρωτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
στρωτήρ (singular vocative)
στρωτῆρε (dual vocative)
στρωτῆρες (plural vocative)

From στρώννυμι (strṓnnumi, “to spread, stretch”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).

suffix

(architecture) rafter laid upon the bearing beam


ἀγαλματοθήκη

grc-noun

ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη

ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκης

ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη • (agălmătothḗkē) f (genitive ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκης); first declension

ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη (canonical)
agălmătothḗkē (romanization)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη (nominative singular)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκης (genitive singular)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκῃ (dative singular)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκην (accusative singular)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀγᾰλμᾰτοθήκη

From ἄγαλμα (ágalma, “statue, bust”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).

af

(architecture) niche or recess for a statue


πεσσός

grc-noun

πεσσός • (pessós) m (genitive πεσσοῦ); second declension

pessós (romanization)
πεσσοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πεσσός (nominative singular)
πεσσώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πεσσοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πεσσοῦ (genitive singular)
πεσσοῖν (dual genitive)
πεσσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πεσσῷ (dative singular)
πεσσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πεσσοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πεσσόν (accusative singular)
πεσσώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πεσσούς (accusative plural)
πεσσέ (singular vocative)
πεσσώ (dual vocative)
πεσσοί (plural vocative)
πεττός (alternative Attic)

Greek: πεσσός (pessós)

→ Latin: pessus, pessum

Loanword of unknown origin. A Semitic etymology has been proposed, comparing Hittite [script needed] (piššu, “rock, block of stone”). According to Beekes, the word may well be Pre-Greek.

unk

unknown

cog

(architecture) cubic mass of building, terrace


ἱμάς

grc-noun

ἱμᾱ́ς • (himā́s) m (genitive ἱμᾰ́ντος); third declension

ἱμᾱ́ς (canonical)
himā́s (romanization)
ἱμᾰ́ντος (genitive)
ὁ ῐ̔μᾱ́ς (nominative singular)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῐ̔μᾰ́ντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̔μᾰ́ντος (genitive singular)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντοιν (dual genitive)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̔μᾰ́ντῐ (dative singular)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̔μᾶσῐ (dative plural)
ῐ̔μᾶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hĭmâsĭ (dative plural)
toîs hĭmâsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῐ̔μᾰ́ντᾰ (accusative singular)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῐ̔μᾰ́ντᾰς (accusative plural)
ῐ̔μᾱ́ς (singular vocative)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντε (dual vocative)
ῐ̔μᾰ́ντες (plural vocative)

Greek: ιμάντας (imántas)

As a secondary formation in -ντ-, this word presupposed a noun *ἱμᾱ (*himā) or ἱμα (hima) meaning "rope", which is also continued in ἱμάω (himáō), ἱμάσθλη (himásthlē) and ἱμαῖος (himaîos). An n-stem is continued by ἱμονιά (himoniá), which probably derives from *ἱμων (*himōn). This last form exactly matches Proto-Germanic *sīmô (“rope”), and also Sanskrit सीमन् (sīman, “border, frontier, margin”), all from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂i-men (“to tie, bind”). A suffix -m- is also found in Irish sim (“chain”).


ξυστός

grc-noun

ξῠστός • (xŭstós) m (genitive ξῠστοῦ); second declension

ξῠστός (canonical)
xŭstós (romanization)
ξῠστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ξῠστός (nominative singular)
ξῠστώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ξῠστοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξῠστοῦ (genitive singular)
ξῠστοῖν (dual genitive)
ξῠστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ξῠστῷ (dative singular)
ξῠστοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξῠστοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ξῠστόν (accusative singular)
ξῠστώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ξῠστούς (accusative plural)
ξῠστέ (singular vocative)
ξῠστώ (dual vocative)
ξῠστοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: xystus

From the adjective, in the sense of "smoothened floor".

(architecture) covered colonnade in a gymnasium, for winter exercise


σφαιριστήριον

σφαιρῐστήρῐον

σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ου

σφαιρῐστήρῐον • (sphairĭstḗrĭon) n (genitive σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ου); second declension

σφαιρῐστήρῐον (canonical)
sphairĭstḗrĭon (romanization)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σφαιρῐστήρῐον (nominative singular)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σφαιρῐστήρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σφαιρῐστηρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σφαιρῐστήρῐον (accusative singular)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σφαιρῐστήρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σφαιρῐστήρῐον (singular vocative)
σφαιρῐστηρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σφαιρῐστήρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σφαιρῐστήρῐον

→ Latin: sphaeristērium

→ English: sphaeristerium

→ Italian: sferisterio

From σφαιρόω (sphairóō, “to be rounded”) + -τήριον (-tḗrion).


καλαθίσκος

grc-noun

κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκος • (kălăthĭ́skos) m (genitive κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκου); second declension

κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκος (canonical)
kălăthĭ́skos (romanization)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
κᾰλᾰθῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

From κάλαθος (kálathos, “basket narrow at the base”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos).

af

(architecture) coffer, caisson, panel in a ceiling


ἔμβολος

grc-noun

ἔμβολος • (émbolos) m (genitive ἐμβόλου); second declension

émbolos (romanization)
ἐμβόλου (genitive)
ὁ ἔμβολος (nominative singular)
ἐμβόλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἔμβολοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐμβόλου (genitive singular)
ἐμβόλοιν (dual genitive)
ἐμβόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐμβόλῳ (dative singular)
ἐμβόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐμβόλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἔμβολον (accusative singular)
ἐμβόλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐμβόλους (accusative plural)
ἔμβολε (singular vocative)
ἐμβόλω (dual vocative)
ἔμβολοι (plural vocative)

→ New Latin: embolus

→ English: embolus

→ Italian: embolo

→ Spanish: émbolo

From ἐμβάλλω (embállō, “to throw in; to burst in, rush in”) + -ος (-os, nominal suffix), from ἐν (en, “in, into”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).

af

(anything pointed so as to be easily thrust in) A peg, stopper; linchpin.


σκόμιον

grc-noun

σκόμῐον • (skómĭon) n (genitive σκομῐ́ου); second declension

σκόμῐον (canonical)
skómĭon (romanization)
σκομῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σκόμῐον (nominative singular)
σκομῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκομῐ́ου (genitive singular)
σκομῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
σκομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκομῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
σκομῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σκόμῐον (accusative singular)
σκομῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σκόμῐον (singular vocative)
σκομῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σκόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)


ἀπόφυσις

ἀπόφῠσῐς • (apóphŭsĭs) f (genitive ἀποφῠ́σεως); third declension

ἀπόφῠσῐς (canonical)
apóphŭsĭs (romanization)
ἀποφῠ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ἀπόφῠσῐς (nominative singular)
ἀποφῠ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀποφῠ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀποφῠ́σεως (genitive singular)
ἀποφῠσέοιν (dual genitive)
ἀποφῠ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀποφῠ́σει (dative singular)
ἀποφῠσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀποφῠ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ἀποφῠ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs apophŭ́sesĭ (dative plural)
taîs apophŭ́sesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἀπόφῠσῐν (accusative singular)
ἀποφῠ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀποφῠ́σεις (accusative plural)
ἀπόφῠσῐ (singular vocative)
ἀποφῠ́σει (dual vocative)
ἀποφῠ́σεις (plural vocative)

Greek: απόφυση (apófysi)

→ Latin: apophysis

From ἀποφύω (apophúō, “to send out branches”) + -σις (-sis).

af

(architecture) member connecting shaft and base of a column


τροχίλος

grc-noun

τροχῐ́λος • (trokhĭ́los) m (genitive τροχῐ́λου); second declension

τροχῐ́λος (canonical)
trokhĭ́los (romanization)
τροχῐ́λου (genitive)
ὁ τροχῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τροχῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ τροχῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τροχῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τροχῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τροχῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ τροχῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τροχῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τροχῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν τροχῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τροχῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τροχῐ́λους (accusative plural)
τροχῐ́λε (singular vocative)
τροχῐ́λω (dual vocative)
τροχῐ́λοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: trochilus

→ English: trochilus

→ Spanish: troquilo

→ Translingual: Trochilus

From τρέχω (trékhō, “run, move quickly”) + -ῐ́λος (-ĭ́los, “denoting a kind of bird”).

af

(architecture) hollow between the mouldings on the base of a column; scotia


στοιβή

grc-noun

στοιβή • (stoibḗ) f (genitive στοιβῆς); first declension

stoibḗ (romanization)
στοιβῆς (genitive)
ἡ στοιβή (nominative singular)
στοιβᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ στοιβαί (nominative plural)
τῆς στοιβῆς (genitive singular)
στοιβαῖν (dual genitive)
στοιβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στοιβῇ (dative singular)
στοιβαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς στοιβαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν στοιβήν (accusative singular)
στοιβᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στοιβᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
στοιβή (singular vocative)
στοιβᾱ́ (dual vocative)
στοιβαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: stoebē

→ Translingual: Stoebe

From στείβω (steíbō, “to tread, stamp”) + -η (-ē).

af

(architecture) foundation-course below stylobate


γλυφίς

grc-noun

γλῠφῐ́ς • (glŭphĭ́s) f (genitive γλῠφῐ́δος); third declension

γλῠφῐ́ς (canonical)
glŭphĭ́s (romanization)
γλῠφῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γλῠφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γλῠφῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γλῠφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
γλῠφῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
γλῠφῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γλῠφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλῠφῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γλῠφῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs glŭphĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs glŭphĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν γλῠφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλῠφῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γλῠφῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γλῠφῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γλῠφῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Glyphis, Cataglyphis, Euglyphis, Peraglyphis, Phaenoglyphis, Sarcoglyphis

From γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).


κάλχη

grc-noun

κᾰ́λχη • (kắlkhē) f (genitive κᾰ́λχης); first declension

κᾰ́λχη (canonical)
kắlkhē (romanization)
κᾰ́λχης (genitive)
ἡ κᾰ́λχη (nominative singular)
κᾰ́λχᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰ́λχαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰ́λχης (genitive singular)
κᾰ́λχαιν (dual genitive)
κᾰλχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰ́λχῃ (dative singular)
κᾰ́λχαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰ́λχαις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰ́λχην (accusative singular)
κᾰ́λχᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰ́λχᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰ́λχη (singular vocative)
κᾰ́λχᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰ́λχαι (plural vocative)
χᾰ́λκη (alternative)

A loan of unknown origin. Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin. It cannot be decided whether the name of the mythological seer Κάλχας (Kálkhas) belongs here as well.

unk

unknown

(architecture) rosette on the capitals of columns


κρηπίδωμα

grc-noun

κρηπῑδώμᾰτος

κρηπῑ́δωμᾰ • (krēpī́dōmă) n (genitive κρηπῑδώμᾰτος); third declension

κρηπῑ́δωμᾰ (canonical)
krēpī́dōmă (romanization)
κρηπῑδώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κρηπῑ́δωμᾰ (nominative singular)
κρηπῑδώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κρηπῑδώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρηπῑδώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
κρηπῑδωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
κρηπῑδωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κρηπῑδώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
κρηπῑδωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρηπῑδώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κρηπῑδώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs krēpīdṓmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs krēpīdṓmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κρηπῑ́δωμᾰ (accusative singular)
κρηπῑδώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κρηπῑδώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κρηπῑ́δωμᾰ (singular vocative)
κρηπῑδώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κρηπῑδώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κρηπῑδώμᾰτος

→ English: crepidoma

From κρηπῑδόω (krēpīdóō, “to furnish with a foundation”) + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).


τρίγλυφος

grc-noun

τρῐ́γλῠφος • (trĭ́glŭphos) f (genitive τρῐγλῠ́φου); second declension

τρῐ́γλῠφος (canonical)
trĭ́glŭphos (romanization)
τρῐγλῠ́φου (genitive)
ἡ τρῐ́γλῠφος (nominative singular)
τρῐγλῠ́φω (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῐ́γλῠφοι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῐγλῠ́φου (genitive singular)
τρῐγλῠ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τρῐγλῠ́φων (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῐγλῠ́φῳ (dative singular)
τρῐγλῠ́φοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῐγλῠ́φοις (dative plural)
τὴν τρῐ́γλῠφον (accusative singular)
τρῐγλῠ́φω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῐγλῠ́φους (accusative plural)
τρῐ́γλῠφε (singular vocative)
τρῐγλῠ́φω (dual vocative)
τρῐ́γλῠφοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: triglyphus

→ English: triglyph

→ German: Triglyph

→ Italian: triglifo

From τρῐ- (trĭ-, thrice) + γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ος (-os).

af

(architecture) triglyph, a three-grooved tablet placed at equal distances along the frieze


ἡμικύκλιον

grc-noun

ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐον • (hēmĭkŭ́klĭon) n (genitive ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ου); second declension

ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐον (canonical)
hēmĭkŭ́klĭon (romanization)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐον (nominative singular)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐον (accusative singular)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐον (singular vocative)
ἡμῐκῠκλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἡμῐκῠ́κλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ημικύκλιο (imikýklio)

desctree

Latin: hēmicyclium
→ English: hemicycle
→ French: hémicycle

Neuter form of ἡμῐκῠ́κλιος (hēmĭkŭ́klios, “semicircular”), or from ἡμι- (hēmi-, half) + κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


πτερύγιον

grc-noun

πτερύγῐον • (pterúgĭon) n (genitive πτερῠγίου); second declension

πτερύγῐον (canonical)
pterúgĭon (romanization)
πτερῠγίου (genitive)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (nominative singular)
πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτερῠγῐ́ου (genitive singular)
πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
πτερῠγῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πτερῠγῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτερῠγῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (accusative singular)
πτερῠγῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (accusative plural)
πτερῠ́γῐον (singular vocative)
πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πτερύγιο (pterýgio)

→ Latin: pterygium

→ English: pterygium

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܢܦܐ (semantic loan)

From πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix), thus literally “winglet”.

af

(architecture) pinnacle (upright member)


ἐπίθεμα

grc-noun

ἐπίθεμᾰ • (epíthemă) n (genitive ἐπιθέμᾰτος); third declension

ἐπίθεμᾰ (canonical)
epíthemă (romanization)
ἐπιθέμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἐπίθεμᾰ (nominative singular)
ἐπιθέμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐπιθέμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐπιθέμᾰτος (genitive singular)
ἐπιθεμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
ἐπιθεμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐπιθέμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
ἐπιθεμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐπιθέμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐπιθέμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs epithémăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs epithémăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ἐπίθεμᾰ (accusative singular)
ἐπιθέμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐπιθέμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐπίθεμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐπιθέμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐπιθέμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

English: epithema, epithem

French: épithème

Greek: επίθεμα (epíthema)

Latin: epithema

Italian: pittima

Leonese: bilma

Old Spanish: bidma, bizma

Spanish: bizma

From ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon, atop”) + θέμα (théma, “that which is placed or laid down”).


ἔντασις

grc-noun

ἔντᾰσῐς • (éntăsĭs) f (genitive ἐντᾰ́σεως); third declension

ἔντᾰσῐς (canonical)
éntăsĭs (romanization)
ἐντᾰ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ἔντᾰσῐς (nominative singular)
ἐντᾰ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐντᾰ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐντᾰ́σεως (genitive singular)
ἐντᾰσέοιν (dual genitive)
ἐντᾰ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐντᾰ́σει (dative singular)
ἐντᾰσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐντᾰ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐντᾰ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs entắsesĭ (dative plural)
taîs entắsesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἔντᾰσῐν (accusative singular)
ἐντᾰ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐντᾰ́σεις (accusative plural)
ἔντᾰσῐ (singular vocative)
ἐντᾰ́σει (dual vocative)
ἐντᾰ́σεις (plural vocative)

from

ἐντείνω (enteínō)

(architecture) swelling in the outline of a column

tension, straining
swelling in the outline of a column


ἐμβάτης

grc-noun

ἐμβᾰ́της • (embắtēs) m (genitive ἐμβᾰ́του); first declension

ἐμβᾰ́της (canonical)
embắtēs (romanization)
ἐμβᾰ́του (genitive)
ὁ ἐμβᾰ́της (nominative singular)
ἐμβᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐμβᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐμβᾰ́του (genitive singular)
ἐμβᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
ἐμβᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐμβᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
ἐμβᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐμβᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὸν ἐμβᾰ́την (accusative singular)
ἐμβᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐμβᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐμβᾰ́τᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐμβᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐμβᾰ́ται (plural vocative)
ἐνβᾰ́της (alternative)

from

ἐμβαίνω (embaínō)

Vitr. 4.3.3

(architecture) a modulus (unit of measurement)