σιτοθήκη

grc-noun

σῑτοθήκη • (sītothḗkē) f (genitive σῑτοθήκης); first declension

σῑτοθήκη (canonical)
sītothḗkē (romanization)
σῑτοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ σῑτοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῑτοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῑτοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῑτοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῑτοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῑτοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῑτοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῑτοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῑτοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῑτοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῑτοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῑτοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
σῑτοθήκη (singular vocative)
σῑτοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
σῑτοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From σῖτος (sîtos, “grain”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


σάνδαλον

grc-noun

σάνδᾰλον • (sándalon) n (genitive σανδάλου); second declension

σάνδᾰλον (canonical)
sándalon (romanization)
σανδάλου (genitive)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σανδᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σανδᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σανδᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σανδᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σάνδᾰλον (singular vocative)
σανδᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σάνδᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Likely from Pre-Greek or some other foreign source, in view of the alternation "νδ/μβ".


μυελός

μυελός • (muelós) m (genitive μυελοῦ); second declension

muelós (romanization)
μυελοῦ (genitive)
ὁ μυελός (nominative singular)
τὼ μυελώ (dual nominative)
οἱ μυελοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ μυελοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν μυελοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν μυελῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μυελῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν μυελοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς μυελοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν μυελόν (accusative singular)
τὼ μυελώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μυελούς (accusative plural)
μυελέ (singular vocative)
μυελώ (dual vocative)
μυελοί (plural vocative)

Koine Greek: μυαλός (mualós)

Byzantine Greek: μυαλόν (mualón)

Greek: μυαλό (myaló)

English: myelo-

The word has been linked with μυών (muṓn, “cluster of muscles”) because they are both soft. According to Beekes and Chantraine, the noun is from Pre-Greek.

300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 45.18


ὕσγη

ὕσγη • (húsgē) f (genitive ὕσγης); first declension

húsgē (romanization)
ὕσγης (genitive)
ἡ ὕσγη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὕσγᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὕσγαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὕσγης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὕσγαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑσγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὕσγῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὕσγαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὕσγαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὕσγην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὕσγᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὕσγᾱς (accusative plural)
ὕσγη (singular vocative)
ὕσγᾱ (dual vocative)
ὕσγαι (plural vocative)

Pausanias calls the word Galatian but Furnée regards the noun as Pre-Greek because of the variants.

Quercus coccifera
Quercus coccifera#Translingual

A shrub, probably the kermes oak (Quercus coccifera)


ἀρμενοθήκη

ἀρμενοθήκη • (armenothḗkē) f (genitive ἀρμενοθήκης); first declension

armenothḗkē (romanization)
ἀρμενοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἀρμενοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρμενοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρμενοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρμενοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρμενοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρμενοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρμενοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρμενοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρμενοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρμενοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρμενοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρμενοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀρμενοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἀρμενοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀρμενοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ἄρμενον (ármenon, “tackle of a ship”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


εἵλη

grc-noun

εἵλη • (heílē) f (genitive εἵλης); first declension

heílē (romanization)
εἵλης (genitive)
ἡ εἵλη (nominative singular)
τὼ εἵλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ εἷλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς εἵλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν εἵλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εἱλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ εἵλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν εἵλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς εἵλαις (dative plural)
τὴν εἵλην (accusative singular)
τὼ εἵλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς εἵλᾱς (accusative plural)
εἵλη (singular vocative)
εἵλᾱ (dual vocative)
εἷλαι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *swelH- (“to shine, warm, smoulder, burn”) and cognate with English sweal, German schwelen (“to smoulder”), and Lithuanian svìlti (“to grill”).


σποδός

grc-noun

σποδός • (spodós) f (genitive σποδοῦ); second declension

spodós (romanization)
σποδοῦ (genitive)
ἡ σποδός (nominative singular)
τὼ σποδώ (dual nominative)
αἱ σποδοί (nominative plural)
τῆς σποδοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σποδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σποδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σποδῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σποδοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σποδοῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σποδόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σποδώ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σποδούς (accusative plural)
σποδέ (singular vocative)
σποδώ (dual vocative)
σποδοί (plural vocative)

Latin: spodos

Furnée connects it with ἄσβολος (ásbolos, “soot”) and σπολεύς (spoleús, “loaf”), leading to a Pre-Greek origin.


δάνδηξ

δάνδηξ • (dándēx) m (genitive δάνδηκος); third declension

dándēx (romanization)
δάνδηκος (genitive)
ὁ δάνδηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ δάνδηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ δάνδηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δάνδηκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δανδήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δανδήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ δάνδηκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δανδήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δάνδηξῐ (dative plural)
δάνδηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs dándēxi (dative plural)
toîs dándēxin (dative plural)
τὸν δάνδηκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δάνδηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δάνδηκᾰς (accusative plural)
δάνδηξ (singular vocative)
δάνδηκε (dual vocative)
δάνδηκες (plural vocative)


ἐργαλοθήκη

ἐργᾰλοθήκη • (ergalothḗkē) f (genitive ἐργᾰλοθήκης); first declension

ἐργᾰλοθήκη (canonical)
ergalothḗkē (romanization)
ἐργᾰλοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἐργᾰλοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐργᾰλοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐργᾰλοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐργᾰλοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐργᾰλοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐργᾰλοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐργᾰλοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐργᾰλοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐργᾰλοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐργᾰλοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐργᾰλοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐργᾰλοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐργᾰλοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἐργᾰλοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐργᾰλοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ἐργαλεῖον (ergaleîon, “instrument”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


βωμίσκος

grc-noun

βωμῐ́σκος • (bōmískos) m (genitive βωμῐ́σκου); second declension

βωμῐ́σκος (canonical)
bōmískos (romanization)
βωμῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ βωμῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ βωμῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ βωμῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βωμῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βωμῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βωμῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ βωμῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βωμῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βωμῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν βωμῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ βωμῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βωμῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
βωμῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
βωμῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
βωμῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

Latin: bōmiscus

From βωμός (bōmós, “platform; altar”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ískos).

af

(mathematics) polyhedron of unequal height, width and depth


χαλβάνη

grc-noun

χᾰλβᾰ́νη • (khalbánē) f (genitive χᾰλβᾰ́νης); first declension

χᾰλβᾰ́νη (canonical)
khalbánē (romanization)
χᾰλβᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ χᾰλβᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰλβᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χᾰλβᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς χᾰλβᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰλβᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰλβᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χᾰλβᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰλβᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χᾰλβᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν χᾰλβᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰλβᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰλβᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
χᾰλβᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
χᾰλβᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
χᾰλβᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: galbanum

→ Old Armenian: քաղբան (kʻałban)

desc

→ Old Georgian: ქალბანაჲ (kalbanay), ქალბანჱ (kalbanē)

From Hebrew חֶלְבְּנָה (ḥelbənāh), from the root ח־ל־ב (ḥ-l-b) related to milk, from Proto-Semitic *ḥalīb- (“milk; fat”).

bor

Hebrew חֶלְבְּנָה (ḥelbənāh)

galbanum, the resinous juice produced by plants of the genus Ferula


σφάκος

grc-noun

σφάκος • (sphákos) m (genitive σφάκου); second declension

sphákos (romanization)
σφάκου (genitive)
ὁ σφᾰ́κος (nominative singular)
τὼ σφᾰ́κω (dual nominative)
οἱ σφᾰ́κοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σφᾰ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ σφᾰ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σφᾰ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸν σφᾰ́κον (accusative singular)
τὼ σφᾰ́κω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σφᾰ́κους (accusative plural)
σφᾰ́κε (singular vocative)
σφᾰ́κω (dual vocative)
σφᾰ́κοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sphacos

Of unclear origin. According to Furnée, of Pre-Greek origin and related to σφάγνος (sphágnos, “kind of bush”) and φάσκον (pháskon, “moss”).


πισγίς

πισγῐ́ς • (pisgís) f (genitive πισγῐ́δος); third declension

πισγῐ́ς (canonical)
pisgís (romanization)
πισγῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πισγῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πισγῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πισγῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πισγῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πισγῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πισγῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πισγῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πισγῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πισγῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
πισγῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs pisgísi (dative plural)
taîs pisgísin (dative plural)
τὴν πισγῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πισγῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πισγῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πισγῐ́ς (singular vocative)
πισγῐ́δε (dual vocative)
πισγῐ́δες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek.


τρικλίνιον

τρικλῑ́νῐον • (triklī́nion) n (genitive τρικλῑνίου); second declension

τρικλῑ́νῐον (canonical)
triklī́nion (romanization)
τρικλῑνίου (genitive)
τὸ τρικλῑ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ τρικλῑνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τρικλῑ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρικλῑνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρικλῑνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρικλῑνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρικλῑνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρικλῑνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρικλῑνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ τρικλῑ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρικλῑνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τρικλῑ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
τρικλῑ́νῐον (singular vocative)
τρικλῑνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
τρικλῑ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: triclīnium

desc

Hebrew: טְרַקְלִין

Hebrew: טְרַקְלִין

From τρίκλῑνος (tríklīnos, “dining room”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


στρόβος

grc-noun

στρόβος • (stróbos) m (genitive στρόβου); second declension

stróbos (romanization)
στρόβου (genitive)
ὁ στρόβος (nominative singular)
τὼ στρόβω (dual nominative)
οἱ στρόβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρόβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρόβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρόβων (genitive plural)
τῷ στρόβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρόβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρόβοις (dative plural)
τὸν στρόβον (accusative singular)
τὼ στρόβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρόβους (accusative plural)
στρόβε (singular vocative)
στρόβω (dual vocative)
στρόβοι (plural vocative)

Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *strebʰ-, the same root of στρέφω (stréphō, “to twist”) and στρεβλός (streblós).


ἀνδριαντοθήκη

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη • (andriantothḗkē) f (genitive ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης); first declension

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (canonical)
andriantothḗkē (romanization)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνδρῐαντοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνδρῐαντοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνδρῐαντοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἀνδρῐαντοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀνδρῐαντοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀνδρῐαντοθήκη

From ἀνδριάς (andriás, “statue”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


πέταυρον

grc-noun

πέταυρον • (pétauron) n (genitive πεταύρου); second declension

pétauron (romanization)
πεταύρου (genitive)
τὸ πέταυρον (nominative singular)
τὼ πεταύρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πέταυρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πεταύρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεταύροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεταύρων (genitive plural)
τῷ πεταύρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεταύροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πεταύροις (dative plural)
τὸ πέταυρον (accusative singular)
τὼ πεταύρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πέταυρᾰ (accusative plural)
πέταυρον (singular vocative)
πεταύρω (dual vocative)
πέταυρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: petaurum

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: پداوره (pedavra, padavra), پدوره (pedavra), փէտավրա (pedavra), փէտըրվա (pedırva) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: padavra


σφυρόν

grc-noun

σφῠρόν • (sphurón) n (genitive σφῠροῦ); second declension

σφῠρόν (canonical)
sphurón (romanization)
σφῠροῦ (genitive)
τὸ σφῠρόν (nominative singular)
τὼ σφῠρώ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σφῠροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφῠροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφῠρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σφῠρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφῠροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σφῠροῖς (dative plural)
τὸ σφῠρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σφῠρώ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ (accusative plural)
σφῠρόν (singular vocative)
σφῠρώ (dual vocative)
σφῠρᾰ́ (plural vocative)

Conventionally connected with Proto-Indo-European *sperH-, although Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.

lower part or edge, foothills of mountains


τειχεσιπλῆτα

grc-noun form

τειχεσῐπλῆτᾰ

τειχεσῐπλῆτᾰ (canonical)
teikhesiplêta (romanization)

From dative case τοῖς τείχεσῐν (teíkhesin) of τεῖχος (teîkhos, “wall -of a city-”) + πλήτης (“one who approaches”) from verb πελάζω (pelázō, “approach”) (also from πίμπλημι (pímplēmi, “fill”)

approacher of walls, stormer of cities (epithet of Ares (Mars))

Ares, Ares, thou bane of mortals, thou blood-stained stormer of walls
English translation by A.T. Murray @perseus
Goddess Athena addresses Ares (Mars).

Apollo speaks the same phrase: Ἆρες Ἄρες βροτολοιγὲ μιαιφόνε τειχεσιπλῆτα (Âres Áres brotoloigè miaiphóne teikhesiplêta)

τειχεσιπλήτης

vocative singular of τειχεσιπλήτης (teikhesiplḗtēs):


σεῖστρον

grc-noun

σεῖστρον • (seîstron) n (genitive σείστρου); second declension

seîstron (romanization)
σείστρου (genitive)
τὸ σεῖστρον (nominative singular)
τὼ σείστρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σεῖστρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σείστρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σείστροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σείστρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σείστρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σείστροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σείστροις (dative plural)
τὸ σεῖστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σείστρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σεῖστρᾰ (accusative plural)
σεῖστρον (singular vocative)
σείστρω (dual vocative)
σεῖστρᾰ (plural vocative)

From σείω (seíō, “to shake”) + -τρον (-tron).


μύσταξ

μύστᾰξ • (mústax) m (genitive μύστᾰκος); third declension

μύστᾰξ (canonical)
mústax (romanization)
μύστᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́στᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́στᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́στᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠστᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠστᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́στᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠστᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́στᾰξῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́στᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs mústaxi (dative plural)
toîs mústaxin (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́στᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́στᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́στᾰξ (singular vocative)
μῠ́στᾰκε (dual vocative)
μῠ́στᾰκες (plural vocative)

desctree

⇒ Byzantine Greek: μουστάκιον (moustákion)
Greek: μουστάκι (moustáki)
Pontic Greek: μουστάκιν (moustákin), μουστάκι (moustáki), μουστάκ' (mousták')
→ Laz: მუსტაკი (musťaǩi), მუსტაჭი (musťaç̌i)
→ Medieval Latin: mustācium (see there for further descendants)

→⇒ English: mystacial

→⇒ French: mystaciale

According to Beekes, both the variants listed in the alternative forms section suggest a Pre-Greek origin.


σιδηροθήκη

grc-noun

σῐδηροθήκη • (sidērothḗkē) f (genitive σῐδηροθήκης); first declension

σῐδηροθήκη (canonical)
sidērothḗkē (romanization)
σῐδηροθήκης (genitive)
ἡ σῐδηροθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐδηροθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐδηροθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐδηροθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐδηροθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐδηροθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐδηροθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐδηροθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐδηροθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῐδηροθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐδηροθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐδηροθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐδηροθήκη (singular vocative)
σῐδηροθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐδηροθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From σίδηρος (sídēros, “iron”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


ὠδίς

ὠδῑ́ς • (ōdī́s) f (genitive ὠδῖνος); third declension

ὠδῑ́ς (canonical)
ōdī́s (romanization)
ὠδῖνος (genitive)
ἡ ὠδῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠδῖνε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠδῖνες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠδῖνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠδῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠδῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠδῖνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠδῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠδῖσῐ (dative plural)
ὠδῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ōdîsi (dative plural)
taîs ōdîsin (dative plural)
τὴν ὠδῖνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠδῖνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠδῖνᾰς (accusative plural)
ὠδῑ́ς (singular vocative)
ὠδῖνε (dual vocative)
ὠδῖνες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to ἀκτίς (aktís), γλωχίς (glōkhís) and δελφίς (delphís) but the root is unclear. The word has been connected with ὀδύνη (odúnē, “pain of body”) but the long initial vowel has not been explained yet. Van Beek suggests a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”). Alternatively, the word may be of Pre-Greek origin, because of the suffix "-ῖν-".

unk

unclear

pangs or throes of childbirth (mostly in plural)


περίπλοι

grc-noun form

περῐ́πλοι • (períploi) m

περῐ́πλοι (canonical)
períploi (romanization)

nominative/vocative plural of περῐ́πλους (períplous)


περίπλων

περῐ́πλων • (períplōn) m

περῐ́πλων (canonical)
períplōn (romanization)

genitive plural of περῐ́πλους (períplous)


ἔρνος

grc-noun

ἔρνος • (érnos) n (genitive ἔρνεος or ἔρνους); third declension

érnos (romanization)
ἔρνεος (genitive)
ἔρνους (genitive)
τὸ ἔρνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔρνει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔρνη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔρνους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔρνει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔρνεσῐ (dative plural)
ἔρνεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs érnesi (dative plural)
toîs érnesin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔρνος (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔρνει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔρνη (accusative plural)
ἔρνος (singular vocative)
ἔρνει (dual vocative)
ἔρνη (plural vocative)
ἔρνος (nominative singular)
ἔρνει (dual nominative)
ἔρνεε (dual nominative)
ἔρνεᾰ (nominative plural)
ἔρνεος (genitive singular)
ἔρνευς (genitive singular)
ἐρνέοιν (dual genitive)
ἐρνέων (genitive plural)
ἔρνει (dative singular)
ἔρνεῐ̈ (dative singular)
ἐρνέοιν (dative dual)
ἔρνεσῐ (dative plural)
ἔρνεσῐν (dative plural)
érnesi (dative plural)
érnesin (dative plural)
ἔρνος (accusative singular)
ἔρνει (accusative dual)
ἔρνεε (accusative dual)
ἔρνεᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔρνος (singular vocative)
ἔρνει (dual vocative)
ἔρνεε (dual vocative)
ἔρνεᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir, spring”) and cognate with ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “to awaken, arouse”). Its form agrees with Sanskrit अर्णस् (arṇas, “river, stream”).

cog

(in the plural) wreaths worn by victors in games


ἐδεσματοθήκη

grc-noun

ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη

ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκης

ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη • (edesmatothḗkē) f (genitive ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκης); first declension

ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη (canonical)
edesmatothḗkē (romanization)
ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐδεσμᾰτοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐδεσμᾰτοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐδεσμᾰτοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐδεσμᾰτοθήκη

From ἔδεσμα (édesma, “meat, food”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


μόσχος

grc-noun

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

móskhos (romanization)
μόσχου (genitive)
ὁ μόσχος (nominative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόσχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μόσχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μόσχων (genitive plural)
τῷ μόσχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μόσχοις (dative plural)
τὸν μόσχον (accusative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μόσχους (accusative plural)
μόσχε (singular vocative)
μόσχω (dual vocative)
μόσχοι (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܘܣܟܘܣ

According to Beekes, related to Armenian մոզի (mozi, “two-year-old bull”) and maybe from a Proto-Indo-European *mosǵʰ-o- (“young of an animal; young shoot”). The appurtenance of Lithuanian mãzgas (“bud of a tree; knot”) to the Greco-Armenian terms is less certain and straightforward.


μόσχος

Greek: μόσχος (móschos)

→ Romanian: mosc

→ Late Latin: muscus (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Moschus

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwšk' /*mušk/), itself from Sanskrit मुष्क (muṣka, “testicle”). Compare also μύσχον (múskhon, “genitalia”).


ἄμι

grc-noun

ἄμῐ • (ámi) n (genitive ἄμεως); third declension

ἄμῐ (canonical)
ámi (romanization)
ἄμεως (genitive)
τὸ ᾰ̓́μῐ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́μει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́μη (nominative plural)
ᾰ̓́μεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓́μεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓́μεων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓́μει (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓́μεσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́μεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ámesi (dative plural)
toîs ámesin (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́μῐ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́μει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́μη (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́μεᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́μῐ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́μει (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́μη (plural vocative)
ᾰ̓́μεᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: ami

Translingual: Ammi

Hemmerdinger proposes a derivation from Egyptian ꜥmꜣw (“a kind of medicinal plant”), but, as both the reading and the meaning of that word are uncertain, its status as an etymon is highly questionable.

bor

Trachyspermum ammi
Trachyspermum ammi#Translingual

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides#Translingual

bisnaga (Visnaga daucoides, syn. Ammi visnaga)


ἔδεσμα

grc-noun

ἔδεσμᾰ • (édesma) n (genitive ἐδέσμᾰτος); third declension

ἔδεσμᾰ (canonical)
édesma (romanization)
ἐδέσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἔδεσμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐδέσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐδέσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐδέσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐδεσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐδεσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐδέσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐδεσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐδέσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐδέσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs edésmasi (dative plural)
toîs edésmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔδεσμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐδέσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐδέσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔδεσμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐδέσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐδέσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἔδω (édō, “to eat”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


παρακαταθήκη

πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη

πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκης

πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη • (parakatathḗkē) f (genitive πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκης); first declension

πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη (canonical)
parakatathḗkē (romanization)
πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πᾰρᾰκᾰτᾰθήκη

From παρα- (para-) + καταθήκη (katathḗkē, “deposit of money”).

af

(law) deposit of money or property entrusted to one's care


κώρυκος

grc-noun

κώρῠκος • (kṓrukos) m (genitive κωρύκου); second declension

κώρῠκος (canonical)
kṓrukos (romanization)
κωρύκου (genitive)
ὁ κώρῠκος (nominative singular)
τὼ κωρῠ́κω (dual nominative)
οἱ κώρῠκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κωρῠ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κωρῠ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κωρῠ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ κωρῠ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κωρῠ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κωρῠ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸν κώρῠκον (accusative singular)
τὼ κωρῠ́κω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κωρῠ́κους (accusative plural)
κώρῠκε (singular vocative)
κωρῠ́κω (dual vocative)
κώρῠκοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cōrycus

Cognate to Latin corium (“leather”) and Proto-Celtic *korukos (“leather boat”), and ultimately a vriddhied derivative of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Nikolaev dismisses Beekes' claim that the word is from Pre-Greek.


βρόγχος

βρόγχος • (brónkhos) m (genitive βρόγχου); second declension

brónkhos (romanization)
βρόγχου (genitive)
ὁ βρόγχος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρόγχω (dual nominative)
οἱ βρόγχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρόγχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρόγχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρόγχων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρόγχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρόγχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρόγχοις (dative plural)
τὸν βρόγχον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρόγχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρόγχους (accusative plural)
βρόγχε (singular vocative)
βρόγχω (dual vocative)
βρόγχοι (plural vocative)

→ Late Latin: bronchus

→ English: bronchus

→ Italian: bronco

→ Old Georgian: ვრონხოჲ (vronxoy)

According to Beekes, the word is clearly connected with βρόξαι (bróxai, “to gulp down, swallow (again)”) and βρόχθος (brókhthos). The nasal infix leads to a Pre-Greek origin.


σφάγνος

σφάγνος • (sphágnos) m (genitive σφάγνου); second declension

sphágnos (romanization)
σφάγνου (genitive)
ὁ σφᾰ́γνος (nominative singular)
τὼ σφᾰ́γνω (dual nominative)
οἱ σφᾰ́γνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σφᾰ́γνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφᾰ́γνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφᾰ́γνων (genitive plural)
τῷ σφᾰ́γνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφᾰ́γνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σφᾰ́γνοις (dative plural)
τὸν σφᾰ́γνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σφᾰ́γνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σφᾰ́γνους (accusative plural)
σφᾰ́γνε (singular vocative)
σφᾰ́γνω (dual vocative)
σφᾰ́γνοι (plural vocative)

Translingual: Sphagnum

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin, together with σφάκος (sphákos) and φάσκον (pháskon).


ψόφοι

nominative/vocative plural of ψόφος (psóphos)


ψόφων

grc-noun form

ψόφων • (psóphōn) m


ἄρβηλος

grc-noun

ἄρβηλος • (árbēlos) m (genitive ἀρβήλου); second declension

árbēlos (romanization)
ἀρβήλου (genitive)
ὁ ἄρβηλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρβήλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄρβηλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρβήλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρβήλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρβήλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρβήλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρβήλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρβήλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄρβηλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρβήλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀρβήλους (accusative plural)
ἄρβηλε (singular vocative)
ἀρβήλω (dual vocative)
ἄρβηλοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.

(mathematics) geometrical figure contained by three semicircles with coincident diameters


τοξοθήκη

τοξοθήκη • (toxothḗkē) f (genitive τοξοθήκης); first declension

toxothḗkē (romanization)
τοξοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ τοξοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ τοξοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τοξοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τοξοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τοξοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τοξοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τοξοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τοξοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τοξοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν τοξοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ τοξοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τοξοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
τοξοθήκη (singular vocative)
τοξοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
τοξοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From τόξον (tóxon, “bow”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


ὄστλιγξ

ὄστλῐγξ • (óstlinx) f (genitive ὄστλῐγγος); third declension

ὄστλῐγξ (canonical)
óstlinx (romanization)
ὄστλῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ ὄστλῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄστλῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄστλῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄστλῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄστλῐγξῐ (dative plural)
ὄστλῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxi (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄστλῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄστλῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄστλῐγξ (singular vocative)
ὄστλῐγγε (dual vocative)
ὄστλῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to θῶμιγξ (thôminx), ἶλιγξ (îlinx) and στρόφιγξ (stróphinx). The presence of the variant shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.


σμαρίς

σμᾰρίς • (smarís) f (genitive σμᾰρίδος); third declension

σμᾰρίς (canonical)
smarís (romanization)
σμᾰρίδος (genitive)
ἡ σμᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σμᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σμᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σμᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σμᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs smarísi (dative plural)
taîs smarísin (dative plural)
τὴν σμᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σμᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σμᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σμᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: smaris

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: σμαρίδα (smarída) (learned)

> Greek: μαρίδα (marída) (inherited)

A connection with σμηρίζω (smērízō, “to plane, to polish”) is implausible. Furnée, instead, convincingly compares the word with σπάρος (spáros, “annular sea bream”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.


ἄπιον

grc-noun

ἄπῐον • (ápion) n (genitive ἀπίου); second declension

ἄπῐον (canonical)
ápion (romanization)
ἀπίου (genitive)
τὸ ἄπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἄπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἄπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἄπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἄπῐον (singular vocative)
ἀπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἄπῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Related to Latin pirum (“pear”) and considered to be a Mediterranean substrate loanword of the form *(V)pis-.


ὑπερδιαθήκη

ὑπερδῐᾰθήκης

ὑπερδῐᾰθήκη • (huperdiathḗkē) f (genitive ὑπερδῐᾰθήκης); first declension

ὑπερδῐᾰθήκη (canonical)
huperdiathḗkē (romanization)
ὑπερδῐᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ὑπερδῐᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑπερδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑπερδῐᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑπερδῐᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑπερδῐᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑπερδῐᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑπερδῐᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑπερδῐᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑπερδῐᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὑπερδῐᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑπερδῐᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑπερδῐᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ὑπερδῐᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
ὑπερδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ὑπερδῐᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ὑπερ- (huper-, “super-”) + διαθήκη (diathḗkē, “testament, covenant”).


σπάρος

grc-noun

σπάρος • (spáros) m (genitive σπάρου); second declension

spáros (romanization)
σπάρου (genitive)
ὁ σπᾰ́ρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σπᾰ́ροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σπᾰ́ρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
σπᾰ́ρε (singular vocative)
σπᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
σπᾰ́ροι (plural vocative)

> Greek: σπάρος (spáros) (inherited)

→ Latin: sparus (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Perhaps from Pre-Greek and related to σμαρίς (smarís).


δάνα

head

δάνα • (dána)

Presumably a Semitic borrowing, deriving from Akkadian 𒂁𒆗𒉡 (/dannu/, “storage vat mostly for storing beer and wine”), also found as Ugaritic 𐎄𐎐 (dn, “vessel, vat”), Aramaic דַּנָּא / ܕܰܢܳܐ (dannā, “wine jug, vat”) and Arabic دَنّ (dann, “wine jug”).

cog

Aramaic דַּנָּא


βάκκαρις

grc-noun

βάκκᾰρῐς • (bákkaris) f (genitive βᾰκκάρῐδος); third declension

βάκκᾰρῐς (canonical)
bákkaris (romanization)
βᾰκκάρῐδος (genitive)
ἡ βᾰ́κκᾰρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰκκᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰκκᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰκκᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐσῐ (dative plural)
βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs bakkárisi (dative plural)
taîs bakkárisin (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
βᾰ́κκᾰρῐς (singular vocative)
βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδε (dual vocative)
βᾰκκᾰ́ρῐδες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: baccar

According to a scholium of Aeschylus, the word is from Lydian, whereas Furnée argues for a Pre-Greek origin.

Asarum europaeum
Asarum europaeum#Translingual

red everlasting (Helichrysum sanguineum)


ἁλοθήκη

ᾰ̔λοθήκη • (halothḗkē) f (genitive ᾰ̔λοθήκης); first declension

ᾰ̔λοθήκη (canonical)
halothḗkē (romanization)
ᾰ̔λοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̔λοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̔λοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̔λοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̔λοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̔λοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̔λοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̔λοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̔λοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̔λοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̔λοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̔λοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔λοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̔λοθήκη (singular vocative)
ᾰ̔λοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̔λοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ἅλς (háls, “salt”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


στλεγγίς

στλεγγῐ́ς • (stlengís) f (genitive στλεγγῐ́δος); third declension

στλεγγῐ́ς (canonical)
stlengís (romanization)
στλεγγῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ στλεγγῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ στλεγγῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ στλεγγῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς στλεγγῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στλεγγῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στλεγγῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ στλεγγῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στλεγγῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στλεγγῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
στλεγγῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs stlengísi (dative plural)
taîs stlengísin (dative plural)
τὴν στλεγγῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στλεγγῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στλεγγῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
στλεγγῐ́ς (singular vocative)
στλεγγῐ́δε (dual vocative)
στλεγγῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: στλεγγίδα (stlengída)

A loanword from an unknown source. The variants could point to a Pre-Greek origin.

unk

unknown

A scraper to remove oil and dirt from the skin, strigil


θῶμιγξ

grc-noun

θῶμῐγξ • (thôminx) f (genitive θώμῐγγος); third declension

θῶμῐγξ (canonical)
thôminx (romanization)
θώμῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ θῶμῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ θώμῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ θώμῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς θώμῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν θωμῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θωμῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ θώμῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν θωμῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θώμῐγξῐ (dative plural)
θώμῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs thṓminxi (dative plural)
taîs thṓminxin (dative plural)
τὴν θώμῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θώμῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θώμῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
θῶμῐγξ (singular vocative)
θώμῐγγε (dual vocative)
θώμῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation in "-ιγγ-" leads to a Pre-Greek origin.


σκηνοθήκη

σκηνοθήκη • (skēnothḗkē) f (genitive σκηνοθήκης); first declension

skēnothḗkē (romanization)
σκηνοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ σκηνοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ σκηνοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκηνοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκηνοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκηνοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκηνοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκηνοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκηνοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκηνοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν σκηνοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ σκηνοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκηνοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
σκηνοθήκη (singular vocative)
σκηνοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
σκηνοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From σκηνή (skēnḗ, “tent”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


τανάγρα

head

τανάγρα • (tanágra)


στρόβιλος

grc-noun

στρόβῑλος • (stróbīlos) m (genitive στροβῑ́λου); second declension

στρόβῑλος (canonical)
stróbīlos (romanization)
στροβῑ́λου (genitive)
ὁ στρόβῑλος (nominative singular)
τὼ στροβῑ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ στρόβῑλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στροβῑ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στροβῑ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στροβῑ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ στροβῑ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στροβῑ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στροβῑ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν στρόβῑλον (accusative singular)
τὼ στροβῑ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στροβῑ́λους (accusative plural)
στρόβῑλε (singular vocative)
στροβῑ́λω (dual vocative)
στρόβῑλοι (plural vocative)

→ Aramaic:

Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡠𐡯𐡨𐡴𐡡𐡩𐡫𐡠 (ʾsṭrbylʾ)

desc

Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܪܘܒܝܠܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܝܠܝܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܝܐ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܝܢ; ܐܣܛܪܒܝܠܝܢ; ܐܣܛܪܘܒܘܠܘܣ, ܐܣܛܪܘܒܠܘܣ

אִיצְטְרוֹבְלָא

אִיצְטְרוּבְלָא

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אִיצְטְרוֹבְלָא (ʾiṣṭrōḇəlā), אִיצְטְרוּבְלָא (ʾiṣṭrūḇəlā). אִצְטְרוֹבׅילָא (ʾiṣṭrōḇīlā), אצטרבולא (ʾiṣṭraḇōlā)

→ English: strobilus

אִצְטְרֻובָּל

→ Hebrew: אִצְטְרֻובָּל (ʾiṣṭrubā́l)

→ Hebrew: אִצְטְרֻובָּל (ʾiṣṭrubā́l)

→ Old Georgian: სტროპილოზი (sṭroṗilozi)

From στρόβ(ος) (strób(os), “whirl”) + -ιλος (-ilos).

fir, pine, especially the Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra)


κορύνη

grc-noun

κορύνη • (korúnē) f (genitive κορύνης); first declension

korúnē (romanization)
κορύνης (genitive)
ἡ κορύνη (nominative singular)
τὼ κορύνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κορύναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορύνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορύναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορυνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορύνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορύναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορύναις (dative plural)
τὴν κορύνην (accusative singular)
τὼ κορύνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορύνᾱς (accusative plural)
κορύνη (singular vocative)
κορύνᾱ (dual vocative)
κορύναι (plural vocative)

Perhaps related to κόρυς (kórus, “helmet”), referring to the thick end of the weapon. According to Beekes, the word is of Pre-Greek origin.


γλία

γλῐ́ᾱ • (glíā) f (genitive γλῐ́ᾱς); first declension

γλῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
glíā (romanization)
γλῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ γλῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ γλῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γλῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς γλῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γλῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν γλῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ γλῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
γλῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
γλῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
γλῐ́αι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”). Cognate with γλίνη (glínē), γλοιός (gloiós), Latin gluten, Proto-Germanic *klajjaz and Lithuanian glitùs.


κότταβος

grc-noun

κόττᾰβος • (kóttabos) m (genitive κοττάβου); second declension

κόττᾰβος (canonical)
kóttabos (romanization)
κοττάβου (genitive)
ὁ κόττᾰβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοττᾰ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόττᾰβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοττᾰ́βου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοττᾰ́βοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοττᾰ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοττᾰ́βῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοττᾰ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοττᾰ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόττᾰβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοττᾰ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοττᾰ́βους (accusative plural)
κόττᾰβε (singular vocative)
κοττᾰ́βω (dual vocative)
κόττᾰβοι (plural vocative)

English: cottabus

Formally, it has been compared with κοττίς (kottís, “back of the head”), κόττειν (kóttein, “to hit, stamp”) and κόττος (kóttos, “cube”). The variation "ττ/σσ" points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ἀλαβαστροθήκη

ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη

ἀλᾰβαστροθήκης

ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη • (alabastrothḗkē) f (genitive ἀλᾰβαστροθήκης); first declension

ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη (canonical)
alabastrothḗkē (romanization)
ἀλᾰβαστροθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀλᾰβαστροθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀλᾰβαστροθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀλᾰβαστροθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀλᾰβαστροθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀλᾰβαστροθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀλᾰβαστροθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀλᾰβαστροθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀλᾰβαστροθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀλᾰβαστροθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀλᾰβαστροθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀλᾰβαστροθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη (singular vocative)
ἀλᾰβαστροθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀλᾰβαστροθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀλᾰβαστροθήκη

From ἀλάβαστρος (alábastros, “alabaster”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


μίδας

grc-noun

μίδᾱς • (mídās) m (genitive μίδου); first declension

μίδᾱς (canonical)
mídās (romanization)
μίδου (genitive)
ὁ μίδᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ μίδᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ μίδαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μίδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μίδαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μιδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μίδᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μίδαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μίδαις (dative plural)
τὸν μίδᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μίδᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μίδᾱς (accusative plural)
μίδᾱ (singular vocative)
μίδᾱ (dual vocative)
μίδαι (plural vocative)


ἐπιθήκη

ἐπῐθήκη • (epithḗkē) f (genitive ἐπῐθήκης); first declension

ἐπῐθήκη (canonical)
epithḗkē (romanization)
ἐπῐθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἐπῐθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπῐθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπῐθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπῐθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπῐθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπῐθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπῐθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπῐθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐπῐθήκη (singular vocative)
ἐπῐθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐπῐθῆκαι (plural vocative)

ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, chest”)


σάνδυξ

grc-noun

σάνδυξ • (sándux) f (genitive σάνδῠκος or σάνδῡκος); third declension

sándux (romanization)
σάνδῠκος (genitive)
σάνδῡκος (genitive)
ἡ σάνδυξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σάνδυκε (dual nominative)
αἱ σάνδυκες (nominative plural)
τῆς σάνδυκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σανδύκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σανδύκων (genitive plural)
τῇ σάνδυκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σανδύκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σάνδυξῐ (dative plural)
σάνδυξῐν (dative plural)
taîs sánduxi (dative plural)
taîs sánduxin (dative plural)
τὴν σάνδυκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σάνδυκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σάνδυκᾰς (accusative plural)
σάνδυξ (singular vocative)
σάνδυκε (dual vocative)
σάνδυκες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sandix

→ English: sandix

Akin to Arabic سُنْدُس (sundus), Old Armenian սնդուս (sndus), Iranian loanwords related to Middle Persian [script needed] (sndws, “a silk (or brocade) garment”), Sogdian [script needed] (sndws /sandus/, “a silk wear”), Sanskrit सिन्दूर (sindūra, “red lead”), maybe also with σανδαράκη (sandarákē). Likely spread through an Anatolian form; Liddell suggesting that they all ultimate originate in Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒍝𒄢 (NA₄.GUG /sāmtu, sāntu, sāndu/, “red stone, carnelian, cinnabar”).

der

bright red mineral colorant from red lead

(in the plural) flesh coloured women's garment dyed with this colorant


σάνδυξ

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek, possibly related to σενδούκη (sendoúkē) of which he makes a similar claim. Potential connection to σῠνθήκη (sunthḗkē), possibly even a re-borrowing from an eastern source like Aramaic צנדוקא (ṣndūḳā).


στύραξ

grc-noun

στύραξ • (stúrax) m (genitive στύρᾰκος); third declension

stúrax (romanization)
στύρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ στύρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στύρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ στύρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στύρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στυρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στυρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ στύρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στυρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στύρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
στύρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs stúraxi (dative plural)
toîs stúraxin (dative plural)
τὸν στύρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στύρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στύρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
στύρᾰξ (singular vocative)
στύρᾰκε (dual vocative)
στύρᾰκες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: styrax

desc

ܐܣܛܘܪܩܐ, ܐܣܛܘܪܟܐ, ܣܛܘܪܟܐ

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܘܪܩܐ, ܐܣܛܘܪܟܐ, ܣܛܘܪܟܐ (sṭurkā, ʾesṭurkā, ʾesṭurqā)

→ Old Georgian: სტჳრაკი (sṭwiraḳi)

Probably of Semitic origin, because this resin was introduced by the Phoenicians.

Styrax officinalis
Styrax officinalis#Translingual


στύραξ

The formation is like κάμαξ (kámax) and χάραξ (khárax). According to Beekes, it's either from the name of the tree or from Pre-Greek.


φλύαρος

grc-noun

φλύᾱρος • (phlúāros) m (genitive φλῠᾱ́ρου); second declension

φλύᾱρος (canonical)
phlúāros (romanization)
φλῠᾱ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ φλῠ́ᾱρος (nominative singular)
τὼ φλῠᾱ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ φλῠ́ᾱροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φλῠᾱ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλῠᾱ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλῠᾱ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φλῠᾱ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλῠᾱ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φλῠᾱ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν φλῠ́ᾱρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φλῠᾱ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φλῠᾱ́ρους (accusative plural)
φλῠ́ᾱρε (singular vocative)
φλῠᾱ́ρω (dual vocative)
φλῠ́ᾱροι (plural vocative)

→ Greek: φλύαρος (flýaros) (learned)

Perhaps a back-formation from φλυᾱρέω (phluāréō, “to talk nonsense”).


καταθήκη

κᾰτᾰθήκη • (katathḗkē) f (genitive κᾰτᾰθήκης); first declension

κᾰτᾰθήκη (canonical)
katathḗkē (romanization)
κᾰτᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ κᾰτᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰτᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰτᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰτᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰτᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰτᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰτᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰτᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰτᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰτᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

A short form of παρακαταθήκη (parakatathḗkē, “deposit”). By surface analysis, κατα- (kata-) + -θήκη (-thḗkē).


σκῖρος

grc-noun

σκῖρος • (skîros) m (genitive σκίρου); second declension

skîros (romanization)
σκίρου (genitive)
ὁ σκῖρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῑ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκῖροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκῑ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῑ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῑ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκῑ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῑ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκῑ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σκῖρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῑ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκῑ́ρους (accusative plural)
σκῖρε (singular vocative)
σκῑ́ρω (dual vocative)
σκῖροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: scirros

→ Ottoman Turkish: سكیروس (sekiros)

According to Furnée, from Pre-Greek and related to σκῦρος (skûros, “chippings of stone”).

A scrub, hard land overgrown with bushes

(oncology) A hardened swelling or tumour


Σπευσίνιοι

head

Σπευσίνιοι • (Speusínioi) m

From Σπεύσινος (Speúsinos), the name of its alleged founder.


νικύλεον

grc-noun

νικύλεον • (nikúleon) n (genitive νικυλέου); second declension

nikúleon (romanization)
νικυλέου (genitive)
τὸ νικύλεον (nominative singular)
τὼ νικυλέω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νικύλεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νικυλέου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νικυλέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νικυλέων (genitive plural)
τῷ νικυλέῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νικυλέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νικυλέοις (dative plural)
τὸ νικύλεον (accusative singular)
τὼ νικυλέω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νικύλεᾰ (accusative plural)
νικύλεον (singular vocative)
νικυλέω (dual vocative)
νικύλεᾰ (plural vocative)

According to Neumann, from Pre-Greek. He connects it with the Linear B sign 𐀛 (ni), which looks like the branch of a fig-tree. In a later article, he further connects Egyptian nḳꜤ.wt (“figs”).

Ἑρμῶναξ δ’ ἐν Γλώτταις Κρητικαῖς σύκων γένη ἀναγράφει ἁμάδεα καὶ νικύλεα.
Hermônax d’ en Glṓttais Krētikaîs súkōn génē anagráphei hamádea kaì nikúlea.

250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 3.76f

Hermonax in his 'Cretan Languages' lists as species of figs the hamadea and the nikulea.


ἴξαλος

ἴξᾰλος • (íxalos) m (genitive ἰξάλου); second declension

ἴξᾰλος (canonical)
íxalos (romanization)
ἰξάλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴξᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴξᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰξᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰξᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰξᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰξᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴξᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰξᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
ἴξᾰλε (singular vocative)
ἰξᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ἴξᾰλοι (plural vocative)

According to Furnée and Beekes, from Pre-Greek.


κώνειον

κώνειον • (kṓneion) n (genitive κωνείου); second declension

kṓneion (romanization)
κωνείου (genitive)
τὸ κώνειον (nominative singular)
τὼ κωνείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κώνειᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κωνείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κωνείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κωνείων (genitive plural)
τῷ κωνείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κωνείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κωνείοις (dative plural)
τὸ κώνειον (accusative singular)
τὼ κωνείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κώνειᾰ (accusative plural)
κώνειον (singular vocative)
κωνείω (dual vocative)
κώνειᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܘܢܝܘܢ (qōnyon)

→ Latin: cōnium

→ Old Georgian: კონიონი (ḳonioni)

From κόνις (kónis, “dust”) + -ειον (-eion). This reference to dust is often used figuratively in contexts involving deadly exertion, such as fights to the death. The suffix, which forms nouns indicating a place or tool, suggests that poison hemlock is the agent or setting of dire struggle, leading those who consume it to metaphorically bite the dust. This is distinct from the variant suffixes -αιον (-aion) and -ιον (-ion) and should not be confused with -εῖον (-eîon).
Historically, the plant was ground into a powder and used to carry out death sentences, notably through the 'hemlock cup' or 'poisoned cup,' as detailed in German Wikipedia about its preparation and use. Poison hemlock's association with ἀκόνιτον (akóniton) arises from their frequent confusion outside their native ranges, where both plants are infamous for their lethal properties.

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual


ἀνθηδών

ἀνθηδών • (anthēdṓn) f (genitive ἀνθηδόνος); third declension

anthēdṓn (romanization)
ἀνθηδόνος (genitive)
ἡ ἀνθηδών (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνθηδόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνθηδόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθηδόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνθηδόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνθηδόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθηδόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνθηδόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνθηδόσῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθηδόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs anthēdósi (dative plural)
taîs anthēdósin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνθηδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνθηδόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθηδόνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀνθηδών (singular vocative)
ἀνθηδόνε (dual vocative)
ἀνθηδόνες (plural vocative)

Ultimately from ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

oriental hawthorn (Crataegus orientalis)


βύλαρος

βύλαρος • (búlaros) m (genitive βυλάρου); second declension

búlaros (romanization)
βυλάρου (genitive)
ὁ βύλαρος (nominative singular)
οἱ βύλαροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βυλάρου (genitive singular)
τῶν βυλάρων (genitive plural)
τῷ βυλάρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖς βυλάροις (dative plural)
τὸν βύλαρον (accusative singular)
τοὺς βυλάρους (accusative plural)
βύλαρε (singular vocative)
βύλαροι (plural vocative)

τὸ τῶν κανθάρων γένος τὸ παρά τισι βυλάρων καλούμενον
tò tôn kanthárōn génos tò pará tisi bulárōn kaloúmenon

c. 378 CE, Epiphanius of Salamis, Panarion 4.3.3

the species of dung beetles, which among some peoples are called "búlaroi"


λῆρος

λῆρος • (lêros) m (genitive λήρου); second declension

lêros (romanization)
λήρου (genitive)
ὁ λῆρος (nominative singular)
τὼ λήρω (dual nominative)
οἱ λῆροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λήρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λήρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λήροις (dative plural)
τὸν λῆρον (accusative singular)
τὼ λήρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λήρους (accusative plural)
λῆρε (singular vocative)
λήρω (dual vocative)
λῆροι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *lāros, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (expressive root). Cognate with Latin lātrō, Latin lamentum, λάλος (lálos), λάσκω (láskō).

onomatopoeic

expressive


νάρκαφθον

grc-noun

νάρκαφθον • (nárkaphthon) n (genitive ναρκάφθου); second declension

nárkaphthon (romanization)
ναρκάφθου (genitive)
τὸ νάρκαφθον (nominative singular)
τὼ ναρκάφθω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νάρκαφθᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ναρκάφθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ναρκάφθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ναρκάφθων (genitive plural)
τῷ ναρκάφθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ναρκάφθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ναρκάφθοις (dative plural)
τὸ νάρκαφθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ναρκάφθω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νάρκαφθᾰ (accusative plural)
νάρκαφθον (singular vocative)
ναρκάφθω (dual vocative)
νάρκαφθᾰ (plural vocative)

According to Furnée, this is a Semitic cultural term, in spite of the suggested Indian origin.


σμηματοθήκη

σμημᾰτοθήκης

σμημᾰτοθήκη • (smēmatothḗkē) f (genitive σμημᾰτοθήκης); first declension

σμημᾰτοθήκη (canonical)
smēmatothḗkē (romanization)
σμημᾰτοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ σμημᾰτοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ σμημᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σμημᾰτοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σμημᾰτοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμημᾰτοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμημᾰτοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σμημᾰτοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμημᾰτοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμημᾰτοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν σμημᾰτοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ σμημᾰτοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμημᾰτοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
σμημᾰτοθήκη (singular vocative)
σμημᾰτοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
σμημᾰτοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From σμῆμα (smêma, “soap, unguent”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


στίμμι

στίμμῐ • (stímmi) n (genitive στίμμεως); third declension

στίμμῐ (canonical)
stímmi (romanization)
στίμμεως (genitive)
τὸ στῐ́μμῐ (nominative singular)
τὼ στῐ́μμει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στῐ́μμη (nominative plural)
στῐ́μμεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στῐ́μμεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν στῐμμέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στῐ́μμεων (genitive plural)
τῷ στῐ́μμει (dative singular)
τοῖν στῐμμέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στῐ́μμεσῐ (dative plural)
στῐ́μμεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs stímmesi (dative plural)
toîs stímmesin (dative plural)
τὸ στῐ́μμῐ (accusative singular)
τὼ στῐ́μμει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στῐ́μμη (accusative plural)
στῐ́μμεᾰ (accusative plural)
στῐ́μμῐ (singular vocative)
στῐ́μμει (dual vocative)
στῐ́μμη (plural vocative)
στῐ́μμεᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: stibium

powdered antimony, kohl, used for eye paint


θῖβις

θῖβῐς • (thîbis) f (genitive θῑ́βεως); third declension

θῖβῐς (canonical)
thîbis (romanization)
θῑ́βεως (genitive)
ἡ θῖβῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ θῑ́βει (dual nominative)
αἱ θῑ́βεις (nominative plural)
τῆς θῑ́βεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν θῑβέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θῑ́βεων (genitive plural)
τῇ θῑ́βει (dative singular)
τοῖν θῑβέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θῑ́βεσῐ (dative plural)
θῑ́βεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs thī́besi (dative plural)
taîs thī́besin (dative plural)
τὴν θῖβῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ θῑ́βει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θῑ́βεις (accusative plural)
θῖβῐ (singular vocative)
θῑ́βει (dual vocative)
θῑ́βεις (plural vocative)

A loan from Semitic. Compare Hebrew תֵּבָה (tēḇā, “ark, vessel”), Arabic تَابُوت (tābūt). Ultimately from Egyptian, for which see the last.

300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Exodus 2.3


νίμμα

νίμμᾰ • (nímma) n (genitive νίμμᾰτος); third declension

νίμμᾰ (canonical)
nímma (romanization)
νίμμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ νῐ́μμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ νῐ́μμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νῐ́μμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νῐ́μμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῐμμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῐμμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ νῐ́μμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῐμμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νῐ́μμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
νῐ́μμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs nímmasi (dative plural)
toîs nímmasin (dative plural)
τὸ νῐ́μμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ νῐ́μμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νῐ́μμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
νῐ́μμᾰ (singular vocative)
νῐ́μμᾰτε (dual vocative)
νῐ́μμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From νίζω (nízō, “to wash”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


ἡδυσματοθήκη

ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκη

ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκης

ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκη • (hēdusmatothḗkē) f (genitive ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκης); first declension

ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκη (canonical)
hēdusmatothḗkē (romanization)
ἡδυσμᾰτοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἡδυσματοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἡδυσματοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἡδυσματοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἡδυσματοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἡδυσματοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἡδυσματοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἡδυσματοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἡδυσματοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἡδυσματοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἡδυσματοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἡδυσματοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἡδυσματοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἡδυσματοθήκη (singular vocative)
ἡδυσματοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἡδυσματοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἡδυσματοθήκη

ἡδυσματοθήκης

From ἥδυσμα (hḗdusma, “spice; seasoning”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


γολύριον

head

γολύριον • (golúrion)

(hapax) Hesychius gives the definition as: κέλυφος (kéluphos, “case; pod, shell”), as they say in Tarentum.


σταγών

grc-noun

στᾰγών • (stagṓn) f (genitive στᾰγόνος); third declension

στᾰγών (canonical)
stagṓn (romanization)
στᾰγόνος (genitive)
ἡ στᾰγών (nominative singular)
τὼ στᾰγόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ στᾰγόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς στᾰγόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στᾰγόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στᾰγόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ στᾰγόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στᾰγόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στᾰγόσῐ (dative plural)
στᾰγόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs stagósi (dative plural)
taîs stagósin (dative plural)
τὴν στᾰγόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στᾰγόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στᾰγόνᾰς (accusative plural)
στᾰγών (singular vocative)
στᾰγόνε (dual vocative)
στᾰγόνες (plural vocative)

Greek: σταγόνα (stagóna)

See στάζω (stázō, “to drip”). Stem σταγ-.

ὀμμᾰτοστᾰγεῖς πηγαί

of welling tears; fountains; of feminine noun

στάγες

stáges, irregular plural nominative of σταγών as from στάξ

στάξ

σταγών, drop


βροῦκος

βροῦκος • (broûkos) m (genitive βρούκου); second declension

broûkos (romanization)
βρούκου (genitive)
ὁ βροῦκος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρούκω (dual nominative)
οἱ βροῦκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρούκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρούκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρούκων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρούκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρούκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρούκοις (dative plural)
τὸν βροῦκον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρούκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρούκους (accusative plural)
βροῦκε (singular vocative)
βρούκω (dual vocative)
βροῦκοι (plural vocative)

Latin: bruchus

→ Italian: bruco

According to Beekes, clearly a Pre-Greek word, due to the vocalic variations. The form βρύκος (brúkos) was compared with βρύκω (brúkō, “to eat greedily”), but the agreement may be secondary.


Κρονοθήκη

Κρονοθήκη • (Kronothḗkē) f (genitive Κρονοθήκης); first declension

Kronothḗkē (romanization)
Κρονοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ Κρονοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ Κρονοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ Κρονοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς Κρονοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν Κρονοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Κρονοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ Κρονοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν Κρονοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Κρονοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν Κρονοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ Κρονοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Κρονοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
Κρονοθήκη (singular vocative)
Κρονοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
Κρονοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From Κρόνος (Krónos, “Cronus”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


καταρροή

κᾰταρροή • (katarrhoḗ) f (genitive κᾰταρροῆς); first declension

κᾰταρροή (canonical)
katarrhoḗ (romanization)
κᾰταρροῆς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰταρροή (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰταρροᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰταρροαί (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰταρροῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰταρροαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰταρροῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰταρροῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰταρροαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰταρροαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰταρροήν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰταρροᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰταρροᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
κᾰταρροή (singular vocative)
κᾰταρροᾱ́ (dual vocative)
κᾰταρροαί (plural vocative)

From καταρρέω (katarrhéō, “to flow down”) + -η (-ē, abstract noun suffix).


συβήνη

grc-noun

σῠβήνη • (subḗnē) f (genitive σῠβήνης); first declension

σῠβήνη (canonical)
subḗnē (romanization)
σῠβήνης (genitive)
ἡ σῠβήνη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠβήνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῠβῆναι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῠβήνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠβήναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠβηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῠβήνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠβήναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῠβήναις (dative plural)
τὴν σῠβήνην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠβήνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῠβήνᾱς (accusative plural)
σῠβήνη (singular vocative)
σῠβήνᾱ (dual vocative)
σῠβῆναι (plural vocative)

Beekes gives no etymology. The formation is like σαγήνη (sagḗnē).

unk

no etymology


ἐπιδιαθήκη

grc-noun

ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκη • (epidiathḗkē) f (genitive ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκης); first declension

ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκη (canonical)
epidiathḗkē (romanization)
ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπῐδῐᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπῐδῐᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
ἐπῐδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐπῐδῐᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ἐπῐ- (epi-, “additional”) + δῐᾰθήκη (diathḗkē, “will, testament”).


ἥδυσμα

grc-noun

ἥδυσμᾰ • (hḗdusma) n (genitive ἡδύσμᾰτος); third declension

ἥδυσμᾰ (canonical)
hḗdusma (romanization)
ἡδύσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἥδυσμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἡδύσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἡδύσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἡδύσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἡδυσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἡδυσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἡδύσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἡδυσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἡδύσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἡδύσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hēdúsmasi (dative plural)
toîs hēdúsmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἥδυσμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἡδύσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἡδύσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἥδυσμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἡδύσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἡδύσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἡδύνω (hēdúnō, “to season”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


ἀμακρῶτις

head

ἀμακρῶτις • (amakrôtis)

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek and perhaps related to μόκρων (mókrōn, “sharp, keen”).

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual


σίαλον

grc-noun

σίᾰλον • (síalon) n (genitive σῐάλου); second declension

σίᾰλον (canonical)
síalon (romanization)
σῐάλου (genitive)
τὸ σῐ́ᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σῐ́ᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σῐ́ᾰλον (singular vocative)
σῐᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown. According to Beekes, probably an onomatopoeic word. Compare Latin salīva.


ἄσπληνον

ἄσπληνον • (ásplēnon) n (genitive ἀσπλήνου); second declension

ásplēnon (romanization)
ἀσπλήνου (genitive)
τὸ ἄσπληνον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσπλήνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἄσπληνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσπλήνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσπλήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσπλήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσπλήνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσπλήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσπλήνοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἄσπληνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσπλήνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἄσπληνᾰ (accusative plural)
ἄσπληνον (singular vocative)
ἀσπλήνω (dual vocative)
ἄσπληνᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: asplenum

Translingual: Asplenium

Perhaps from ᾰ̓- (a-, “un-”) + σπλήν (splḗn, “spleen”), because this plant would cure anthrax.

affix

Asplenium ceterach
Asplenium ceterach#Translingual


ἐπισυνθήκη

grc-noun

ἐπῐσῠνθήκη • (episunthḗkē) f (genitive ἐπῐσῠνθήκης); first declension

ἐπῐσῠνθήκη (canonical)
episunthḗkē (romanization)
ἐπῐσῠνθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ἐπῐσῠνθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐσῠνθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπῐσῠνθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπῐσῠνθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐσῠνθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπῐσῠνθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπῐσῠνθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐσῠνθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπῐσῠνθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπῐσῠνθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐσῠνθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπῐσῠνθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐπῐσῠνθήκη (singular vocative)
ἐπῐσῠνθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐπῐσῠνθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ἐπι- (epi-, “additional”) + σῠνθήκη (sunthḗkē, “treaty”).


βήξ

grc-noun

βήξ • (bḗx) m or f (genitive βηχός); third declension

bḗx (romanization)
βηχός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ βήξ (nominative singular)
τὼ βῆχε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ βῆχες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς βηχός (genitive singular)
τοῖν βηχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βηχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ βηχῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν βηχοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς βηξῐ́ (dative plural)
βηξῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs bēxí (dative plural)
taîs bēxín (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν βῆχᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βῆχε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς βῆχᾰς (accusative plural)
βήξ (singular vocative)
βῆχε (dual vocative)
βῆχες (plural vocative)

Greek: βήχας (víchas)

Furnée argues for a Pre-Greek origin, but the word might also be of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-, itself of imitative origin; βήξ (bḗx) could point to a protoform *gʷeh₂(s)-gʰ-.


ὀρείχαλκος

ὀρείχᾰλκος • (oreíkhalkos) m (genitive ὀρειχᾰ́λκου); second declension

ὀρείχᾰλκος (canonical)
oreíkhalkos (romanization)
ὀρειχᾰ́λκου (genitive)
ὁ ὀρείχᾰλκος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρειχᾰ́λκω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀρείχᾰλκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρειχᾰ́λκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρειχᾰ́λκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρειχᾰ́λκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρειχᾰ́λκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρειχᾰ́λκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρειχᾰ́λκοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρείχᾰλκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρειχᾰ́λκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρειχᾰ́λκους (accusative plural)
ὀρείχᾰλκε (singular vocative)
ὀρειχᾰ́λκω (dual vocative)
ὀρείχᾰλκοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Greek: ορείχαλκος (oreíchalkos) (learned)

→ Latin: orīchalcum

→ English: orichalcum (learned)

→ Spanish: oricalco (learned)

→ French: orichalque (learned)

→ Italian: oricalco (learned)

→ Latin: aurīchalcum

→ Spanish: auricalco (learned)

→ Russian: аврихальк (avrixalʹk) (learned)

→ German: Oreichalk (learned)

→ Russian: орихалк (orixalk) (learned)

Looks like the dative singular of ὄρος (óros, “mountain”) + χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”), however the same way Latin has connected the first part as aurīchalcum to aurum (“gold”) this is also a folk-etymology and the first part is rather Akkadian 𒍏 (URUD /ēru, wēru/, “copper”), making a tautological compound.

λίθος [...] μετὰ γῆς τινος καμινευθεὶς ἀποστάζει ψευδάργυρον͵ ἣ προσλαβοῦσα χαλκὸν τὸ καλούμενον γίνεται κρᾶμα͵ ὅ τινες ὀρείχαλκον καλοῦσι

c. 23 CE, Strabo, chapter 1.56, in Γεωγραφικά, volume XIII:

a stone … which heated in a furnace with a certain earth distils mock silver (zinc); and this, with the addition of copper, makes the so-called "mixture" (alloy), which by some is called "orichalcum"

brass made from yellow copper ore; an alloy of copper and "mock silver" (presumably zinc)

[...] ἐν δὲ τρητοῖσι λοβοῖσιν ἄνθεμ’ ὀρειχάλκου χρυσοῖό τε τιμήεντος

c. 7th century BCE, Homer (attributed, unlikely), Ὁμηρικὸς ὕμνος ε' "Εἰς Ἀφροδίτην":

… and in her perforated ears earrings of orichalcum and of precious gold

[...] en dè trētoîsi loboîsin ánthem’ oreikhálkou khrusoîó te timḗentos

orichalcum, a natural or mythical valuable alloy of copper and perhaps gold


πανός

grc-noun

πᾱνός • (pānós) m (genitive πᾱνοῦ); second declension

πᾱνός (canonical)
pānós (romanization)
πᾱνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πᾱνός (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾱνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾱνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾱνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾱνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾱνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾱνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾱνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾱνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πᾱνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾱνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾱνούς (accusative plural)
πᾱνέ (singular vocative)
πᾱνώ (dual vocative)
πᾱνοί (plural vocative)

Unexplained, but Furnée thinks that the word is from Pre-Greek.


σπιθαμή

σπῐθᾰμή • (spithamḗ) f (genitive σπῐθᾰμῆς); first declension

σπῐθᾰμή (canonical)
spithamḗ (romanization)
σπῐθᾰμῆς (genitive)
ἡ σπῐθᾰμή (nominative singular)
τὼ σπῐθᾰμᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σπῐθᾰμαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σπῐθᾰμῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπῐθᾰμαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπῐθᾰμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σπῐθᾰμῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπῐθᾰμαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σπῐθᾰμαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σπῐθᾰμήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σπῐθᾰμᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σπῐθᾰμᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σπῐθᾰμή (singular vocative)
σπῐθᾰμᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σπῐθᾰμαί (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to παλάμη (palámē, “palm of the hand”), δόχμη (dókhmē, “breadth of the hand”) and πυγμή (pugmḗ, “distance between the elbow and the knuckles”). According to Beekes, it's probably from Pre-Greek.


ὄνωνις

ὄνωνῐς • (ónōnis) f (genitive ὀνώνῐδος); third declension

ὄνωνῐς (canonical)
ónōnis (romanization)
ὀνώνῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ὄνωνῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀνώνῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀνώνῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀνώνῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀνωνῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀνωνῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀνώνῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀνωνῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀνώνῐσῐ (dative plural)
ὀνώνῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs onṓnisi (dative plural)
taîs onṓnisin (dative plural)
τὴν ὀνώνῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀνώνῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀνώνῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄνωνῐς (singular vocative)
ὀνώνῐδε (dual vocative)
ὀνώνῐδες (plural vocative)

Latin: onōnis

→ Translingual: Ononis

Furnée argues for a Pre-Greek origin, given the variation α/ο.


κακοζηλία

κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ • (kakozēlíā) f (genitive κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱς); first declension

κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
kakozēlíā (romanization)
κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰκοζήλῐαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰκοζηλῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰκοζηλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰκοζηλῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰκοζηλῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κᾰκοζηλῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰκοζήλῐαι (plural vocative)

From κᾰκόζηλος (kakózēlos, “having bad taste”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from κᾰκός (kakós, “bad”) + ζῆλος (zêlos, “zeal”).


ζωθήκη

grc-noun

ζωθήκη • (zōthḗkē) f (genitive ζωθήκης); first declension

zōthḗkē (romanization)
ζωθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ζωθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ζωθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ζωθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ζωθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζωθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζωθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ζωθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζωθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ζωθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ζωθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ζωθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ζωθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ζωθήκη (singular vocative)
ζωθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ζωθῆκαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: zōthēca

/zdɔː.tʰɛ̌ː.kɛː/

/zdɔː.tʰɛ̌ː.kɛː/

From ζωή (zōḗ, “life”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


σπίλος

σπίλος • (spílos) f (genitive σπίλου); second declension

spílos (romanization)
σπίλου (genitive)
ἡ σπῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπῐ́λω (dual nominative)
αἱ σπῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τῆς σπῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῇ σπῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σπῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὴν σπῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σπῐ́λους (accusative plural)
σπῐ́λε (singular vocative)
σπῐ́λω (dual vocative)
σπῐ́λοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, probably from Pre-Greek, as there are no cognates outside Greek. According to Pokorny, cognate with Latin spina, German Speil, English spile.


σπίλος

σπίλος • (spílos) m (genitive σπίλου); second declension

spílos (romanization)
σπίλου (genitive)
ὁ σπῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ σπῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν σπῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπῐ́λους (accusative plural)
σπῐ́λε (singular vocative)
σπῐ́λω (dual vocative)
σπῐ́λοι (plural vocative)


ὑγεῖαι

nominative/vocative plural of ὑγείᾱ (hugeíā)


σμίνθος

σμίνθος • (smínthos) m (genitive σμίνθου); second declension

smínthos (romanization)
σμίνθου (genitive)
ὁ σμῐ́νθος (nominative singular)
τὼ σμῐ́νθω (dual nominative)
οἱ σμῐ́νθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σμῐ́νθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμῐ́νθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμῐ́νθων (genitive plural)
τῷ σμῐ́νθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμῐ́νθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σμῐ́νθοις (dative plural)
τὸν σμῐ́νθον (accusative singular)
τὼ σμῐ́νθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σμῐ́νθους (accusative plural)
σμῐ́νθε (singular vocative)
σμῐ́νθω (dual vocative)
σμῐ́νθοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, either from Pre-Greek or Anatolian.


ψαῖσμα

head

ψαῖσμα • (psaîsma)

From ψαίω (psaíō, “to grind, to triturate”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: σῖτον (sîton, “bread”) and ὀλίγον (olígon, “small, little”).


ἔχμα

grc-noun

ἔχμᾰ • (ékhma) n (genitive ἔχμᾰτος); third declension

ἔχμᾰ (canonical)
ékhma (romanization)
ἔχμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἔχμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔχμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔχμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔχμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐχμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐχμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔχμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐχμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔχμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἔχμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ékhmasi (dative plural)
toîs ékhmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔχμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔχμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔχμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔχμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἔχμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἔχμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἔχω (ékhō, “to hold”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


παραθήκη

πᾰρᾰθήκη • (parathḗkē) f (genitive πᾰρᾰθήκης); first declension

πᾰρᾰθήκη (canonical)
parathḗkē (romanization)
πᾰρᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From παρα- (para-) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


κύπειρον

grc-noun

κῠ́πειρον • (kúpeiron) n (genitive κῠπείρου); second declension

κῠ́πειρον (canonical)
kúpeiron (romanization)
κῠπείρου (genitive)
τὸ κῠ́πειρον (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠπείρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῠ́πειρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠπείρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠπείροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠπείρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠπείρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠπείροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠπείροις (dative plural)
τὸ κῠ́πειρον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠπείρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῠ́πειρᾰ (accusative plural)
κῠ́πειρον (singular vocative)
κῠπείρω (dual vocative)
κῠ́πειρᾰ (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, a foreign Pre-Greek word.


φάσκον

φάσκον • (pháskon) n (genitive φάσκου); second declension

pháskon (romanization)
φάσκου (genitive)
τὸ φᾰ́σκον (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́σκω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́σκᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́σκω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́σκᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰ́σκον (singular vocative)
φᾰ́σκω (dual vocative)
φᾰ́σκᾰ (plural vocative)

There are several hypotheses:
* from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“tip”) and related to Latin fastigium (“peak, top”) and Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”)
* related to φάρσος (phársos, “piece, portion”)
* related to φορκόν (phorkón)
* from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedh-sko (“bundle, heap”) and related to Albanian bashkë (“together”), Latin fascis (“bundle”) and Middle Irish basc (“necklet”)
* from a Pre-Greek root common to σφάγνος (sphágnos, “Greek sage”) and σφάκος (sphákos, “apple sage”)


ἄναυρος

grc-noun

ἄναυρος • (ánauros) m (genitive ἀναύρου); second declension

ánauros (romanization)
ἀναύρου (genitive)
ὁ ἄναυρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀναύρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄναυροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀναύρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀναύροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀναύρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀναύρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀναύροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀναύροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄναυρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀναύρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀναύρους (accusative plural)
ἄναυρε (singular vocative)
ἀναύρω (dual vocative)
ἄναυροι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin. Others have interpreted the word as “waterless”, with ἀν- (an-, “alpha privativum”) + an unknown word for water (connected with the name of various rivers, like Metaurus, Pisaurus and Avara). Niemeyer connects the word to Proto-Germanic *auraz (“wet sand or earth, mud; water, sea”)


βαλλωτή

grc-noun

βᾰλλωτή • (ballōtḗ) f (genitive βᾰλλωτῆς); first declension

βᾰλλωτή (canonical)
ballōtḗ (romanization)
βᾰλλωτῆς (genitive)
ἡ βᾰλλωτή (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰλλωτᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰλλωταί (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰλλωτῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰλλωταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰλλωτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰλλωτῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰλλωταῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰλλωταῖς (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰλλωτήν (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰλλωτᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰλλωτᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
βᾰλλωτή (singular vocative)
βᾰλλωτᾱ́ (dual vocative)
βᾰλλωταί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ballotē

→ Translingual: Ballota

According to Beekes, it's probably from Pre-Greek and all related to βαλαύστιον (balaústion, “flower of the pomegranate”), βάλαρις (bálaris) and βάλλις (bállis).


ὀψοθήκη

ὀψοθήκη • (opsothḗkē) f (genitive ὀψοθήκης); first declension

opsothḗkē (romanization)
ὀψοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ὀψοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀψοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀψοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀψοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀψοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀψοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀψοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀψοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀψοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀψοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀψοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀψοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀψοθήκη (singular vocative)
ὀψοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀψοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ὄψον (ópson, “food”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


σκῦρος

grc-noun

σκῦρος • (skûros) m (genitive σκύρου); second declension

skûros (romanization)
σκύρου (genitive)
ὁ σκῦρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῡ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκῦροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκῡ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῡ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῡ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκῡ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῡ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκῡ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σκῦρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῡ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκῡ́ρους (accusative plural)
σκῦρε (singular vocative)
σκῡ́ρω (dual vocative)
σκῦροι (plural vocative)

According to Furnée, from Pre-Greek and related to σκῖρος (skîros, “hardened swelling, tumour”). Perhaps the island name Σκῦρος (Skûros) is related to σκῦρος (skûros) due to the marble quarries.


σόγχος

σόγχος • (sónkhos) m (genitive σόγχου); second declension

sónkhos (romanization)
σόγχου (genitive)
ὁ σόγχος (nominative singular)
τὼ σόγχω (dual nominative)
οἱ σόγχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σόγχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σόγχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σόγχων (genitive plural)
τῷ σόγχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σόγχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σόγχοις (dative plural)
τὸν σόγχον (accusative singular)
τὼ σόγχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σόγχους (accusative plural)
σόγχε (singular vocative)
σόγχω (dual vocative)
σόγχοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sonchus

→ Translingual: Sonchus

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin due to the presence of the variation. Furnée links the word with Basque tšokoŕo (“silver thistle”).

sow thistle (plant of the genus Sonchus)


παρενθήκη

πᾰρενθήκη • (parenthḗkē) f (genitive πᾰρενθήκης); first declension

πᾰρενθήκη (canonical)
parenthḗkē (romanization)
πᾰρενθήκης (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρενθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρενθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρενθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρενθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρενθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρενθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρενθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρενθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρενθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρενθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρενθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρενθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰρενθήκη (singular vocative)
πᾰρενθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰρενθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From παρα- (para-) + ἐν- (en-) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).

af

smaller wares taken as an addition to the cargo


ὕαλος

grc-noun

ὕᾰλος • (húalos) f (genitive ὑάλου); second declension

ὕᾰλος (canonical)
húalos (romanization)
ὑάλου (genitive)
ἡ ὕᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
αἱ ὕᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὴν ὕᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
ὕᾰλε (singular vocative)
ὑᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ὕᾰλοι (plural vocative)

Latin: hyalus

According to Furnée, a Pre-Greek word, due to the variation "α/ε". According to Beekes, there is a similarity with Proto-Germanic *glasą (“glass”) and the first two syllables of Latin sualiternicum (“a kind of reddish amber”); a relation with the Germanic term is difficult to reconcile, however, due to the Germanic term having an acceptable internal (non-borrowing) derivation.

cog

convex lens of crystal, used as a burning glass


οἰνάνθη

grc-noun

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).

Oenanthe oenanthe
Oenanthe oenanthe#Translingual


σπολεύς

σπολεύς • (spoleús) m (genitive σπολέως); third declension

spoleús (romanization)
σπολέως (genitive)
ὁ σπολεύς (nominative singular)
τὼ σπολῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ σπολῆς (nominative plural)
σπολεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπολέως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπολέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπολέων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπολεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπολέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπολεῦσῐ (dative plural)
σπολεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs spoleûsi (dative plural)
toîs spoleûsin (dative plural)
τὸν σπολέᾱ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπολῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπολέᾱς (accusative plural)
σπολεῦ (singular vocative)
σπολῆ (dual vocative)
σπολῆς (plural vocative)
σπολεῖς (plural vocative)

Ultimately from the same Pre-Greek root of ἄσβολος (ásbolos, “soot”), σποδός (spodós, “ash, ember”) and ψόλος (psólos, “soot”).


λίκνον

λίκνον • (líknon) n (genitive λίκνου); second declension

líknon (romanization)
λίκνου (genitive)
τὸ λῐ́κνον (nominative singular)
τὼ λῐ́κνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́κνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐ́κνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῐ́κνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῐ́κνων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐ́κνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῐ́κνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐ́κνοις (dative plural)
τὸ λῐ́κνον (accusative singular)
τὼ λῐ́κνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́κνᾰ (accusative plural)
λῐ́κνον (singular vocative)
λῐ́κνω (dual vocative)
λῐ́κνᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: λίκνο (líkno)

Ultimately from λικμάω (likmáō, “to winnow”).


ὀστοθήκη

ὀστοθήκη • (ostothḗkē) f (genitive ὀστοθήκης); first declension

ostothḗkē (romanization)
ὀστοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ὀστοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀστοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀστοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀστοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀστοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀστοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀστοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀστοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀστοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀστοθήκη (singular vocative)
ὀστοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀστοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


κόνυζα

grc-noun

κόνῡζᾰ • (kónūza) f (genitive κονῡ́ζης); first declension

κόνῡζᾰ (canonical)
kónūza (romanization)
κονῡ́ζης (genitive)
ἡ κόνῡζᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κονῡ́ζᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόνῡζαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κονῡ́ζης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κονῡ́ζαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κονῡζῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κονῡ́ζῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κονῡ́ζαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κονῡ́ζαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόνῡζᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κονῡ́ζᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κονῡ́ζᾱς (accusative plural)
κόνῡζᾰ (singular vocative)
κονῡ́ζᾱ (dual vocative)
κόνῡζαι (plural vocative)

Latin: conȳza

→ Translingual: Conyza

The formation is like other plant names, such as μάνυζα (mánuza), μώλυζα (mṓluza) and ὄρυζα (óruza). The assumption that it was formed from κονίς (konís, “nit”) is unwarranted. According to Beekes, the variations point to a Pre-Greek origin.

fleabane (the name of various plants of the genus Inula)


σέρις

σέρῐς • (séris) f (genitive σέρῐδος); third declension

σέρῐς (canonical)
séris (romanization)
σέρῐδος (genitive)
ἡ σέρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σέρῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ σέρῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς σέρῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σερῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σερῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σέρῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σερῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σέρῐσῐ (dative plural)
σέρῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs sérisi (dative plural)
taîs sérisin (dative plural)
τὴν σέρῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σέρῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σέρῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
σέρῐς (singular vocative)
σέρῐδε (dual vocative)
σέρῐδες (plural vocative)

Latin: seris

unk

no etymology


ἀθήρ

grc-noun

ἀθήρ • (athḗr) m (genitive ἀθέρος); third declension

athḗr (romanization)
ἀθέρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀθήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀθέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀθέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀθέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀθέρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀθέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs athérsi (dative plural)
toîs athérsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἀθέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀθέρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀθήρ (singular vocative)
ἀθέρε (dual vocative)
ἀθέρες (plural vocative)

Greek: αθέρας (athéras), αθήρ (athír)

Not related to Latin ador (“hulled wheat”) nor to ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). According to Beekes, the nasalized form ἀνθέριξ (anthérix) points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ὀϊστοθήκη

ὀϊστοθήκη • (oïstothḗkē) f (genitive ὀϊστοθήκης); first declension

oïstothḗkē (romanization)
ὀϊστοθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ὀϊστοθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀϊστοθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀϊστοθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀϊστοθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀϊστοθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀϊστοθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀϊστοθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀϊστοθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀϊστοθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀϊστοθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀϊστοθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀϊστοθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀϊστοθήκη (singular vocative)
ὀϊστοθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀϊστοθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From ὀϊστός (oïstós, “arrow”) + -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


ὀϊστός

grc-noun

ὀϊστός • (oïstós) m (genitive ὀϊστοῦ); second declension

oïstós (romanization)
ὀϊστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀϊστός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀϊστώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀϊστοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀϊστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀϊστοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀϊστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀϊστῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀϊστοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀϊστοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀϊστόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀϊστώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀϊστούς (accusative plural)
ὀϊστέ (singular vocative)
ὀϊστώ (dual vocative)
ὀϊστοί (plural vocative)

No convincing etymology, but DELG supposes a Pre-Greek origin.


συγγραφοδιαθήκη

συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη

συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκης

συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη • (sungraphodiathḗkē) f (genitive συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκης); first declension

συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη (canonical)
sungraphodiathḗkē (romanization)
συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκης (genitive)
ἡ συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη (singular vocative)
συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθῆκαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

συγγρᾰφοδῐᾰθήκη

From συγγραφή (sungraphḗ, “writing down”) + διαθήκη (diathḗkē, “contract”).


ἐγκρίς

grc-noun

ἐγκρίς • (enkrís) f (genitive ἐγκρίδος); third declension

enkrís (romanization)
ἐγκρίδος (genitive)
ἡ ἐγκρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐγκρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐγκρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐγκρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐγκρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐγκρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐγκρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐγκρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐγκρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἐγκρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs enkrísi (dative plural)
taîs enkrísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἐγκρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐγκρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐγκρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐγκρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἐγκρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἐγκρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Unknown. Not related to ἐγκεράννυμι (enkeránnumi, “to mix”).

A cake made with oil and honey, similar to the modern loukoumas or doughnut


ἀσκαλώπας

ἀσκᾰλώπᾱς • (askalṓpās) m (genitive ἀσκᾰλώπου); first declension

ἀσκᾰλώπᾱς (canonical)
askalṓpās (romanization)
ἀσκᾰλώπου (genitive)
ὁ ἀσκαλώπᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλώπᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀσκαλῶπαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσκαλώπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλώπαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκαλωπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσκαλώπᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλώπαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσκαλώπαις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀσκαλώπᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλώπᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀσκαλώπᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀσκαλώπᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀσκαλώπᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀσκαλῶπαι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root as σκολόπαξ (skolópax, “woodcock”).

Scolopax rusticola
Scolopax rusticola#Translingual


βούλλα

βούλλα • (boúlla) f (genitive βούλλης); first declension

boúlla (romanization)
βούλλης (genitive)
ἡ βοῦλλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ βούλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βοῦλλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς βούλλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν βούλλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βούλλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν βούλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βούλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν βοῦλλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ βούλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βούλλᾱς (accusative plural)
βοῦλλᾰ (singular vocative)
βούλλᾱ (dual vocative)
βοῦλλαι (plural vocative)

desctree

Greek: βούλα (voúla)
→ Albanian: vulë
→ Aromanian: vulã
→ Bulgarian: ву́ла (vúla)


κόρυζα

grc-noun

κόρῡζᾰ • (kórūza) f (genitive κορῡ́ζης); first declension

κόρῡζᾰ (canonical)
kórūza (romanization)
κορῡ́ζης (genitive)
ἡ κόρῡζᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κορῡ́ζᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόρῡζαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορῡ́ζης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορῡ́ζαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορῡζῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορῡ́ζῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορῡ́ζαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορῡ́ζαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόρῡζᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κορῡ́ζᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορῡ́ζᾱς (accusative plural)
κόρῡζᾰ (singular vocative)
κορῡ́ζᾱ (dual vocative)
κόρῡζαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: corȳza

Traditionally compared to Old English hrot (“mucus”) but Beekes doesn't dismiss a Pre-Greek origin.


μάρδος

μάρδος • (márdos) m (genitive μάρδου); second declension

márdos (romanization)
μάρδου (genitive)
ὁ μᾰ́ρδος (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ρδω (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰ́ρδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰ́ρδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰ́ρδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰ́ρδων (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰ́ρδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰ́ρδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰ́ρδοις (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰ́ρδον (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ρδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰ́ρδους (accusative plural)
μᾰ́ρδε (singular vocative)
μᾰ́ρδω (dual vocative)
μᾰ́ρδοι (plural vocative)


κύνωψ

κύνωψ • (kúnōps) m (genitive κύνωπος); third declension

kúnōps (romanization)
κύνωπος (genitive)
ὁ κύνωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ κύνωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ κύνωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κύνωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κυνώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κυνώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ κύνωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κυνώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κύνωψῐ (dative plural)
κύνωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs kúnōpsi (dative plural)
toîs kúnōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν κύνωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κύνωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κύνωπᾰς (accusative plural)
κύνωψ (singular vocative)
κύνωπε (dual vocative)
κύνωπες (plural vocative)

Latin: cynops

According to Beekes from Pre-Greek, due to the presence of a prothetic vowel in the alternative form. This form may be due to folk etymology, making it appear to be from κυνο- (kuno-, “dog”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye, face”).

Plantago lanceolata
Plantago lanceolata#Translingual


βύσσος

βύσσος • (bússos) f (genitive βύσσου); second declension

bússos (romanization)
βύσσου (genitive)
ἡ βῠ́σσος (nominative singular)
τὼ βῠ́σσω (dual nominative)
αἱ βῠ́σσοι (nominative plural)
τῆς βῠ́σσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βῠ́σσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βῠ́σσων (genitive plural)
τῇ βῠ́σσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βῠ́σσοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βῠ́σσοις (dative plural)
τὴν βῠ́σσον (accusative singular)
τὼ βῠ́σσω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βῠ́σσους (accusative plural)
βῠ́σσε (singular vocative)
βῠ́σσω (dual vocative)
βῠ́σσοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Ge'ez: ቢሶስ (bisos), ብሶስ (bəsos), ቡሱስ (busus), በሱስ (bäsus), ብሲስ (bəsis), ብሱስ (bəsus), ቢሶን (bison, “fine green linen”)

⇒ Ge'ez: ቢስንሶ (bisənso, “green”)

→ Tigrinya: ቢሶ (biso, “green leather, velvet”)

→ Gothic: 𐌱𐍅𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽 (bwssaun)

desctree

→ Latin: byssus, bissus
Translingual: Byssus

→ Old Uyghur: 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (böz)

From a Semitic source cognate to Hebrew בּוּץ (būṣ, “byssus”) and Aramaic בּוּצָא (būṣā, “byssus”), from Proto-Semitic *būṣ- (“fibrous grass, rush etc.”). Compare also Old Armenian բեհեզ (behez, “byssus”).

der

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum#Translingual


τάρφος

grc-noun

τάρφος • (tárphos) n (genitive τάρφεος); third declension

tárphos (romanization)
τάρφεος (genitive)
τᾰ́ρφος (nominative singular)
τᾰ́ρφει (dual nominative)
τᾰ́ρφεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ́ρφεᾰ (nominative plural)
τᾰ́ρφεος (genitive singular)
τᾰ́ρφευς (genitive singular)
τᾰρφέοιν (dual genitive)
τᾰρφέων (genitive plural)
τᾰ́ρφει (dative singular)
τᾰ́ρφεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τᾰρφέοιν (dative dual)
τᾰ́ρφεσῐ (dative plural)
τᾰ́ρφεσῐν (dative plural)
tárphesi (dative plural)
tárphesin (dative plural)
τᾰ́ρφος (accusative singular)
τᾰ́ρφει (accusative dual)
τᾰ́ρφεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ́ρφεᾰ (accusative plural)
τᾰ́ρφος (singular vocative)
τᾰ́ρφει (dual vocative)
τᾰ́ρφεε (dual vocative)
τᾰ́ρφεᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown. Usually derived from τρέφω (tréphō, “to feed”) but the development is irregular and the semantics are not compelling.


ἀστακός

ἀστακός • (astakós) m (genitive ἀστακοῦ); second declension

astakós (romanization)
ἀστακοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἀστακός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστακώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀστακοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀστακοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστακοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστακῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀστακῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστακοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀστακοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀστακόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστακώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀστακούς (accusative plural)
ἀστακέ (singular vocative)
ἀστακώ (dual vocative)
ἀστακοί (plural vocative)

Greek: αστακός (astakós)

→ Latin: astacus

→ Translingual: Astacus

→ Old Armenian: աստակոս (astakos)

→ Armenian: աստակոս (astakos) (learned)

→ Old Georgian: ასთაკჳ (astaḳwi)

→ Georgian: ასთაკვი (astaḳvi) (learned)

→ Ottoman Turkish: استاقوس (ıstakoz)

→ Turkish: istakoz

→ Armenian: ըստախօզ (əstaxōz)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏стог

Latin script: jȁstog

Often analyzed as a derivation of ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) but this is highly improbable. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

Homarus gammarus
Homarus gammarus#Translingual


κασαλβάς

κᾰσαλβάς • (kasalbás) f (genitive κᾰσαλβάδος); third declension

κᾰσαλβάς (canonical)
kasalbás (romanization)
κᾰσαλβάδος (genitive)
ἡ κᾰσαλβᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰσαλβᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰσαλβᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰσαλβᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰσαλβᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰσαλβᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰσαλβᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰσαλβᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰσαλβᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
κᾰσαλβᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kasalbási (dative plural)
taîs kasalbásin (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰσαλβᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰσαλβᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰσαλβᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κᾰσαλβᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
κᾰσαλβᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κᾰσαλβᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, a Pre-Greek word and clearly related to similar words like κασαύρα (kasaúra) and κασωρίς (kasōrís).


ξύστρα

ξῠ́στρᾱ • (xústrā) f (genitive ξῠ́στρᾱς); first declension

ξῠ́στρᾱ (canonical)
xústrā (romanization)
ξῠ́στρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ξῠ́στρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ξῠ́στρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ξῠ́στραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ξῠ́στρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ξῠ́στραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ξῠστρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ξῠ́στρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ξῠ́στραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ξῠ́στραις (dative plural)
τὴν ξῠ́στρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ξῠ́στρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ξῠ́στρᾱς (accusative plural)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (singular vocative)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (dual vocative)
ξῠ́στραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: xystra

From ξύω (xúō, “to shave, to smooth”) + -τρα (-tra).


φάρσος

grc-noun

φάρσος • (phársos) n (genitive φάρσους or φάρσεος); third declension

phársos (romanization)
φάρσους (genitive)
φάρσεος (genitive)
τὸ φᾰ́ρσος (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρσει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́ρση (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰ́ρσους (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρσοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰ́ρσει (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰ́ρσεσῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρσεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phársesi (dative plural)
toîs phársesin (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́ρσος (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρσει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́ρση (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρσος (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρσει (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρση (plural vocative)
τὸ φᾰ́ρσος (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρσει (dual nominative)
φᾰ́ρσεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́ρσεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰ́ρσεος (genitive singular)
φᾰ́ρσευς (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρσέων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰ́ρσει (dative singular)
φᾰ́ρσεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρσέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν φᾰ́ρσεσῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρσεσῐν (dative plural)
toîsi phársesi (dative plural)
toîsi phársesin (dative plural)
toîsini (dative plural)
toîsinin (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́ρσος (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρσει (accusative dual)
φᾰ́ρσεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́ρσεᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρσος (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρσει (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρσεε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρσεᾰ (plural vocative)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to burst, break, crack, split, separate”) and cognate with Proto-Germanic *brestaną (“to burst”). Previously it was connected with ἅψος (hápsos, “joint”) and μύσος (músos, “defilement”). Compare also φᾶρος (phâros).


ὄντι

grc-noun form

ὄντῐ • (ónti)