σειρά

grc-noun

σειρᾱ́ • (seirā́) f (genitive σειρᾶς); first declension

σειρᾱ́ (canonical)
seirā́ (romanization)
σειρᾶς (genitive)
ἡ σειρᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ σειρᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σειραί (nominative plural)
τῆς σειρᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σειραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σειρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σειρᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σειραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σειραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σειρᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ σειρᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σειρᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σειρᾱ́ (singular vocative)
σειρᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σειραί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *tseřřā́, from Proto-Indo-European *twerH-yeh₂- (“seizing”), from *twerH- (“to grab, seize, enclose”). The traditional connection to εἴρω (eírō, “to connect”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind, put together”), is semantically more appealing than the above, but fails to explain the initial σ- (s-).


σῆψις

grc-noun

σῆψῐς • (sêpsis) f (genitive σήψεως); third declension

σῆψῐς (canonical)
sêpsis (romanization)
σήψεως (genitive)
ἡ σῆψῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σήψει (dual nominative)
αἱ σήψεις (nominative plural)
τῆς σήψεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σηψέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σήψεων (genitive plural)
τῇ σήψει (dative singular)
τοῖν σηψέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σήψεσῐ (dative plural)
σήψεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs sḗpsesi (dative plural)
taîs sḗpsesin (dative plural)
τὴν σῆψῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ σήψει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σήψεις (accusative plural)
σῆψῐ (singular vocative)
σήψει (dual vocative)
σήψεις (plural vocative)

English: sepsis

Greek: σήψη (sípsi)

Portuguese: sepse, sépsis

From σήπω (sḗpō, “to make rotten”) + -σῐς (-sis).


βουβών

grc-noun

βουβών • (boubṓn) m (genitive βουβῶνος); third declension

boubṓn (romanization)
βουβῶνος (genitive)
ὁ βουβών (nominative singular)
τὼ βουβῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ βουβῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουβῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουβώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουβώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουβῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουβώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουβῶσῐ (dative plural)
βουβῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs boubôsi (dative plural)
toîs boubôsin (dative plural)
τὸν βουβῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βουβῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουβῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
βουβών (singular vocative)
βουβῶνε (dual vocative)
βουβῶνες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: būbō, būbōnēs

Unknown; possibly Pre-Greek. Alternatively from a Proto-Indo-European expressive root *bew-, *bow- (“to swell; ball”); see βῠβός (bubós, “full, great”), βου- (bou-, augmentative prefix), βουνός (bounós, “hill, mound; clot”), βοῦᾰ (boûa, “group of children; herd?”), βῶλος (bôlos, “clod”), βολβός (bolbós, “bulb”), but these cannot be regular morphological derivations of the same root.

onomatopoeic

expressive

(pathology) a bubo in the groin (a swelling of lymph nodes due to infection)


φαρμακεία

grc-noun

φᾰρμᾰκείᾱ • (pharmakeíā) f (genitive φᾰρμᾰκείᾱς); first declension

φᾰρμᾰκείᾱ (canonical)
pharmakeíā (romanization)
φᾰρμᾰκείᾱς (genitive)

desc

→ Gothic: 𐌻𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌴𐌹 (lubjaleisei) (calque) (possibly)

→ Latin: pharmacia (learned) (see there for further descendants)

From φαρμακεύω (pharmakeúō, “to use drugs”) + -ία (-ía), from φάρμακον (phármakon).


σημεῖον

grc-noun

σημεῖον • (sēmeîon) n (genitive σημείου); second declension

sēmeîon (romanization)
σημείου (genitive)
τὸ σημεῖον (nominative singular)
τὼ σημείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σημεῖᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σημείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σημείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σημείων (genitive plural)
τῷ σημείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σημείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σημείοις (dative plural)
τὸ σημεῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ σημείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σημεῖᾰ (accusative plural)
σημεῖον (singular vocative)
σημείω (dual vocative)
σημεῖᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σημείο (simeío)

From σῆμᾰ (sêma, “mark, sign”) + -ῐον (-ion).

sign from the gods, omen
wonder, portent

sign or signal to do a thing, made by flags

body of troops under one standard or flag

(heraldry) device upon a shield or ship; figurehead

(logic) a sign used as a probable argument in proof of a conclusion

σημεῖόν ἐστιν, οὗ μέρος οὐθέν.

A point is that of which there is no part.


φάρμακον

φάρμᾰκον • (phármakon) n (genitive φαρμᾰ́κου); second declension

φάρμᾰκον (canonical)
phármakon (romanization)
φαρμᾰ́κου (genitive)
τὸ φάρμᾰκον (nominative singular)
τὼ φαρμᾰ́κω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φάρμᾰκᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φαρμᾰ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φαρμᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φαρμᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ φαρμᾰ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φαρμᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φαρμᾰ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸ φάρμᾰκον (accusative singular)
τὼ φαρμᾰ́κω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φάρμᾰκᾰ (accusative plural)
φάρμᾰκον (singular vocative)
φαρμᾰ́κω (dual vocative)
φάρμᾰκᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: φάρμακο (fármako)

→ Latin: pharmacum

Unclear etymology, but most likely derived from Proto-Hellenic *pʰármakon. Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀞𐀔𐀒 (pa-ma-ko /pʰármakon/).
Based on α/ο and μ/β variations found in the likely-related φόρβαντα (phórbanta, “doctor's medicine”), as well as the rather strange structure of the word, R. S. P. Beekes proposes Pre-Greek origin. Foreign origin is also supported by Chantraine, Furnee, and Schwyzer.
An older theory by Pokorny (1959) connects the word to the Greek root φαρ-, supposedly also found in φάρος (pháros, “plough”) and φάρυγξ (phárunx, “throat”), from a Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to cut, pierce, scrape”), i.e. a medicinal herb or root as something cut off or dug up, and compares Proto-Germanic *burōną (“to drill”) (which he takes as the result of a conflation with *bazją (“berry”)) and Latin feriō (“hit, cut, slay, strike”). Compare also Latvian burt (“to carve (marks, on a tree), to conjure magic”).

unk

Unclear

cog

τῶν δὲ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀρρωστημάτων καὶ παθῶν ἡ φιλοσοφία μόνη φάρμακόν ἐστι.

but for the soul's illnesses and sufferings, the only remedy is philosophy. (@perseus.tuftus.edu)

tôn dè tês psukhês arrhōstēmátōn kaì pathôn hē philosophía mónē phármakón esti.


σῆμα

grc-noun

σῆμᾰ • (sêma) n (genitive σήμᾰτος); third declension

σῆμᾰ (canonical)
sêma (romanization)
σήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs sḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
σήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰyéh₂mn̥, from *dʰyeh₂- (“to notice”) (though Beekes is skeptical of the semantics). Cognate with Sanskrit ध्यायति (dhyāyati, “think of, imagine”), ध्यान (dhyāna, “meditation”).

cog

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.353

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.171

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.244

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 4.355

525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 498, (compare The Libation Bearers 259)

497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 379

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.111

mark, sign, token
a sign from the gods, an omen, portent

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.231

750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 448

c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 12

408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1377

a sign to begin something, watchword, signal, banner

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.814

750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 477

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.222

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.75

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 10.30

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.93

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.72

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.34

411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 886–888

380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 493A

the sign by which a grave is known, mound, cairn, barrow

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.843

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.192

Dion., P. 18

a mark to show the case of a quoit or javelin

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.176–178

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 7.189

467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 387

467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 404

458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 456

497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 614

a token by which one's identity or commission was certified

424 BCE, Euripides, Hecuba 1273

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.466

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.326

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.250

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.455

638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 25.4

680 BCE – 645 BCE, Archilochus, 49


τρίγλη

grc-noun

τρῑ́γλη • (trī́glē) f (genitive τρῑ́γλης); first declension

τρῑ́γλη (canonical)
trī́glē (romanization)
τρῑ́γλης (genitive)
ἡ τρῑ́γλη (nominative singular)
τὼ τρῑ́γλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῖγλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῑ́γλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρῑ́γλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρῑγλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῑ́γλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρῑ́γλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῑ́γλαις (dative plural)
τὴν τρῑ́γλην (accusative singular)
τὼ τρῑ́γλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῑ́γλᾱς (accusative plural)
τρῑ́γλη (singular vocative)
τρῑ́γλᾱ (dual vocative)
τρῖγλαι (plural vocative)

Greek: τρίγλη (trígli)

→ Italian: triglia

According to Beekes from τρίζω (trízō, “to crackle, crepitate”), referring to the grunting sound from the friction of the gill cover bones when the fish is taken out of the water.


χρῶμα

χρῶμᾰ • (khrôma) n (genitive χρώμᾰτος); third declension

χρῶμᾰ (canonical)
khrôma (romanization)
χρώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ χρῶμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ χρώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χρώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χρώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χρωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χρωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ χρώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χρωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χρώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
χρώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khrṓmasi (dative plural)
toîs khrṓmasin (dative plural)
τὸ χρῶμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χρώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χρώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
χρῶμᾰ (singular vocative)
χρώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
χρώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: χρώμα (chróma)

→ Catalan: croma

→ Dutch: chromo-

desc

→ English: chroma, chromo-, chromato-, -chrome

→ French: chrome, chromo-, -chrome (see there for further descendants)

→ Galician: croma, cromo

→ Hungarian: kromo-

→ Italian: cromo, cromo-, -cromo, cromia, -cromia

→ Polish: chromo-, chromato-, -chromia

→ Portuguese: cromo-, cromo

→ Spanish: croma

→ Translingual: chroma

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰrṓwmə, and related to χρώς (khrṓs, “surface of the body, skin (color)”); see there for more.

colour (esp. of the skin or body); pigment

character of style in writing; ornaments


τυρός

grc-noun

τῡρός • (tūrós) m (genitive τῡροῦ); second declension

τῡρός (canonical)
tūrós (romanization)
τῡροῦ (genitive)
ὁ τῡρός (nominative singular)
τὼ τῡρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ τῡροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῡροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῡροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῡρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ τῡρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῡροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῡροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν τῡρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ τῡρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῡρούς (accusative plural)
τῡρέ (singular vocative)
τῡρώ (dual vocative)
τῡροί (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: τυρίν (turín)

Greek: τυρί (tyrí)

Mariupol Greek: тыри́ (tyrí)

From Proto-Hellenic *tūrós (whence also Mycenaean Greek 𐀶𐀫 (tu-ro /tūrós/)), probably from Proto-Indo-European *tuh₂-ró-s, from *tewh₂- (“to swell”). However, compare Old English ġe-þweor (“curds”), from *(s)twerH- (“to swirl, churn”). Possibly a formation in common with Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ (“quark, whey-cheese”) and Avestan 𐬙𐬏𐬌𐬭𐬌 (tūⁱri), but the root and morphological details are disputed.


σῦκον

grc-noun

σῦκον • (sûkon) n (genitive σῡ́κου); second declension

sûkon (romanization)
σῡ́κου (genitive)
τὸ σῦκον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῡ́κω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῦκᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῡ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῡ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῡ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῡ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῡ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῡ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸ σῦκον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῡ́κω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῦκᾰ (accusative plural)
σῦκον (singular vocative)
σῡ́κω (dual vocative)
σῦκᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σύκο (sýko)

→ Latin: syconus

→ English: syconus

→ Portuguese: sícono

Since long, connected with Latin fīcus and Old Armenian թուզ (tʻuz), and considered a borrowing from a Mediterranean (Pre-Greek) or Anatolian substrate source, from which Hebrew שִׁקְמָה (šiqmā́, “sycamore fig”) – borrowed into συκάμινος (sukáminos) – and possibly Proto-Slavic *tyky (“gourd”) are also adduced. Martirosyan reconstructs a Mediterranean proto-form *tʰuōiḱo- or *tʰū(i)ḱo- (“fig”), Beekes suggests *tʲuk-. The use of words for fruits (fig, plum etc.) in the sense of “vulva” is very common cross-linguistically.

cog

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.121

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.40

405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1247, (Compare Hippocrates, Epidemics 3.1085)

421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 1349, (Compare 1346)


ἀποθήκη

grc-noun

ᾰ̓ποθήκη • (apothḗkē) f (genitive ᾰ̓ποθήκης); first declension

ᾰ̓ποθήκη (canonical)
apothḗkē (romanization)
ᾰ̓ποθήκης (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓ποθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ποθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓ποθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓ποθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ποθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓ποθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓ποθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ποθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓ποθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓ποθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ποθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓ποθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓ποθήκη (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓ποθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓ποθῆκαι (plural vocative)

Greek: αποθήκη (apothíki)

→ English: apotheke

→ Latin: apothēca (see there for further descendants)

From ἀποτίθημι (apotíthēmi, “to put away”), from ἀπο- (apo-, “away”) + τίθημι (títhēmi, “to put”). Other suggestion, related to ὀπτῐκός (optikós, “of or for sight”).


κόφινος

grc-noun

κόφῐνος • (kóphinos) m (genitive κοφῐ́νου); second declension

κόφῐνος (canonical)
kóphinos (romanization)
κοφῐ́νου (genitive)
ὁ κόφῐνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοφῐ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόφῐνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοφῐ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοφῐ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοφῐ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοφῐ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοφῐ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοφῐ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόφῐνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοφῐ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοφῐ́νους (accusative plural)
κόφῐνε (singular vocative)
κοφῐ́νω (dual vocative)
κόφῐνοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: כפוני (“basket”)

→ Latin: cophinus (see there for further descendants)

→ English: coffin

Uncertain; Beekes and Furnee take the word as the usual Pre-Greek, while others have narrowed down the language of origin to possibly Semitic or Hurrian. Compare κόφος (kóphos, “basket-load”) and Arabic قُفَّة (quffa, “large wicker-basket”) and Arabic قَفِيز (qafīz, “a dry measure”) for potentially-related words relating to "containers" with guttural onset leading over an open vowel to a labial plosive or fricative. See Akkadian 𒄣𒌒𒁍 (/quppu/, “wicker basket”), as well as κοψία (kopsía, “earthen pot”), κόψα (kópsa, “water bucket, urn”).


χερσόνησος

grc-noun

χερσόνησος • (khersónēsos) f (genitive χερσονήσου); second declension

khersónēsos (romanization)
χερσονήσου (genitive)
ἡ χερσόνησος (nominative singular)
τὼ χερσονήσω (dual nominative)
αἱ χερσόνησοι (nominative plural)
τῆς χερσονήσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χερσονήσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χερσονήσων (genitive plural)
τῇ χερσονήσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χερσονήσοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χερσονήσοις (dative plural)
τὴν χερσόνησον (accusative singular)
τὼ χερσονήσω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χερσονήσους (accusative plural)
χερσόνησε (singular vocative)
χερσονήσω (dual vocative)
χερσόνησοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Greek: χερσόνησος (chersónisos) (learned)

From χέρσος (khérsos, “dry land”) + νῆσος (nêsos, “island”).


πατριώτης

grc-noun

πᾰτρῐώτης • (patriṓtēs) m (genitive πᾰτρῐώτου); first declension

πᾰτρῐώτης (canonical)
patriṓtēs (romanization)
πᾰτρῐώτου (genitive)
ὁ πᾰτρῐώτης (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰτρῐώτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰτρῐῶται (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰτρῐώτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰτρῐώταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰτρῐωτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰτρῐώτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰτρῐώταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰτρῐώταις (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰτρῐώτην (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰτρῐώτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰτρῐώτᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰτρῐῶτᾰ (singular vocative)
πᾰτρῐώτᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰτρῐῶται (plural vocative)

Greek: πατριώτης (patriótis)

→ Esperanto: patrioto

→ Latin: patriōta (see there for further descendants)

→ Macedonian: патрио́т (patriót)

→ Russian: патрио́т (patriót)

af

πᾰτρῐᾱ́ (patriā́) + -ώτης (-ṓtēs)

one of the same country, a fellow countryman, compatriot


φρόνησις

grc-noun

φρόνησῐς • (phrónēsis) f (genitive φρονήσεως); third declension

φρόνησῐς (canonical)
phrónēsis (romanization)
φρονήσεως (genitive)
ἡ φρόνησῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ φρονήσει (dual nominative)
αἱ φρονήσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς φρονήσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν φρονησέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φρονήσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ φρονήσει (dative singular)
τοῖν φρονησέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φρονήσεσῐ (dative plural)
φρονήσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs phronḗsesi (dative plural)
taîs phronḗsesin (dative plural)
τὴν φρόνησῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ φρονήσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φρονήσεις (accusative plural)
φρόνησῐ (singular vocative)
φρονήσει (dual vocative)
φρονήσεις (plural vocative)

English: phronesis

desc

Greek: φρόνησις (frónisis), φρόνηση (frónisi)

From φρονέω (phronéō, “to think”) + -σις (-sis); the former from φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”).


θέρμη

grc-noun

θέρμη • (thérmē) f (genitive θέρμης); first declension

thérmē (romanization)
θέρμης (genitive)
ἡ θέρμη (nominative singular)
τὼ θέρμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ θέρμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς θέρμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν θέρμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θερμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θέρμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν θέρμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θέρμαις (dative plural)
τὴν θέρμην (accusative singular)
τὼ θέρμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θέρμᾱς (accusative plural)
θέρμη (singular vocative)
θέρμᾱ (dual vocative)
θέρμαι (plural vocative)


γεννήτορας

head

γεννήτορᾰς • (gennḗtoras) m

γεννήτορᾰς (canonical)
gennḗtoras (romanization)

accusative plural of γεννήτωρ (gennḗtōr)


ἐπιστήμη

grc-noun

ἐπιστήμη • (epistḗmē) f (genitive ἐπιστήμης); first declension

epistḗmē (romanization)
ἐπιστήμης (genitive)
ἡ ἐπιστήμη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπιστήμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπιστῆμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπιστήμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπιστήμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπιστημῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπιστήμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπιστήμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπιστήμαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπιστήμην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπιστήμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπιστήμᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐπιστήμη (singular vocative)
ἐπιστήμᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐπιστῆμαι (plural vocative)

Greek: επιστήμη f (epistími)

From ἐπίσταμαι (epístamai), from ἐπί (epí) + ἵστημι (hístēmi).

compound

ἐπί (epí) + ἵστημι (hístēmi)

Ἄγετε δή, ὦ θεοὶ λόγιοι, οἵτινές τε καὶ ὅσοι ἐστὲ, οἳ ἐπιστήμας τε καὶ δόξας ἀληθεῖς ἐπιτροπεύετε, νέμετέ τε οἷςπερ ἂν ἐθέλητε κατὰ τοῦ μεγάλου πατρὸς τῶν τε πάντων βασιλέως Διὸς βουλάς.

(Can we date this quote?), Plethon, “δʹ. Ἐς θεοὺς τοὺς λογίους εὐχή. [CHAPTER 4. Prayer to the Gods of Learning]”, in ΝΟΜΩΝ ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΗ. [BOOK OF LAWS], translation of original by John Opsopaus, PhD:

Come to us, O gods of learning, whoever you may be, in whatever number you may be, you who preside over science and the truth, who distribute them to whomever you please, according to the decrees of the almighty father of all things, King Zeus.

Ágete dḗ, ô theoì lógioi, hoítinés te kaì hósoi estè, hoì epistḗmas te kaì dóxas alētheîs epitropeúete, németé te hoîsper àn ethélēte katà toû megálou patròs tôn te pántōn basiléōs Diòs boulás.


πρόγονος

grc-noun

πρόγονος • (prógonos) m (genitive προγόνου); second declension

prógonos (romanization)
προγόνου (genitive)
ὁ πρόγονος (nominative singular)
τὼ προγόνω (dual nominative)
οἱ πρόγονοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ προγόνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προγόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προγόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ προγόνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προγόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προγόνοις (dative plural)
τὸν πρόγονον (accusative singular)
τὼ προγόνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς προγόνους (accusative plural)
πρόγονε (singular vocative)
προγόνω (dual vocative)
πρόγονοι (plural vocative)

From προγίγνομαι (progígnomai) + -ος (-os).


πάππος

πᾰ́ππος • (páppos) m (genitive πᾰ́ππου); second declension

πᾰ́ππος (canonical)
páppos (romanization)
πᾰ́ππου (genitive)
ὁ πᾰ́ππος (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ππω (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰ́πποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰ́ππου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰ́πποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰ́ππων (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰ́ππῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰ́πποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰ́πποις (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰ́ππον (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ππω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰ́ππους (accusative plural)
πᾰ́ππε (singular vocative)
πᾰ́ππω (dual vocative)
πᾰ́πποι (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek:

Greek: πάππος (páppos)

Mariupol Greek: па́пус (pápus)

→ Romani: pàpos

→ Latin: pappus

Aromanian: pap

→ English: pappus

→ Italian: pappo

Reduplicated nursery word; compare πάππας (páppas, “daddy, papa”).

(botany) pappus, down on the seeds of certain plants

small bird in whose nest the cuckoo lays


βία

βῐ́ᾱ • (bíā) f (genitive βῐ́ᾱς); first declension

βῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
bíā (romanization)
βῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ βῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ βῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς βῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν βῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν βῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ βῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
βῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
βῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
βῐ́αι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *gʷiā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to win”). Cognate with Sanskrit ज्या (jyā́, “overwhelming force; power; vanquishing”), जय (jayá, “victory”).


χύτρα

grc-noun

χύτρα • (khútra) f (genitive χύτρᾱς); first declension

khútra (romanization)
χύτρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ χῠ́τρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ χῠ́τρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χῠ́τραι (nominative plural)
τῆς χῠ́τρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χῠ́τραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χῠτρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χῠ́τρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χῠ́τραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χῠ́τραις (dative plural)
τὴν χῠ́τρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ χῠ́τρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χῠ́τρᾱς (accusative plural)
χῠ́τρᾰ (singular vocative)
χῠ́τρᾱ (dual vocative)
χῠ́τραι (plural vocative)

Greek: χύτρα (chýtra)

→ English: chytra

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰútra, neuter plural of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutrom, from *ǵʰew- (“to pour”), whence χέω (khéō, “to pour out”); the original meaning was perhaps a "container of liquids (poured things)". Cognate with Sanskrit होत्र (hotrá).


κλίμα

κλῐ́μᾰ • (klíma) n (genitive κλῐ́μᾰτος); third declension

κλῐ́μᾰ (canonical)
klíma (romanization)
κλῐ́μᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῐ́μᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλῐ́μᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλῐ́μᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλῐ́μᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλῐμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλῐμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλῐ́μᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλῐμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλῐ́μᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλῐ́μᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klímasi (dative plural)
toîs klímasin (dative plural)
τὸ κλῐ́μᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλῐ́μᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλῐ́μᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῐ́μᾰ (singular vocative)
κλῐ́μᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλῐ́μᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: إقْلِيم (ʔiqlīm)
→ Azerbaijani: iqlim
→ Hebrew: אַקְלִים (aklím)
→ Javanese: iklim
→ Malay: iklim
Indonesian: iklim
→ Persian: اقلیم
→ Sundanese: ᮄᮊᮣᮤᮙ᮪ (iklim)
→ Tigre: አቅሊም (ʾäḳlim)
→ Ottoman Turkish: اقلیم (iklim)
→ Turkish: iklim
→ Turkmen: yklym
→ Uyghur: ئىقلىم (iqlim)
→ Uzbek: iqlim

Aramaic:

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܠܝܡܐ (qəlīmā)

Greek: κλίμα (klíma)

→ Latin: clima

→ French: climat

→ Dutch: klimaat

→ English: climate

→ German: Klima

→ English: clime

desc

→ Old Armenian: կլիմայ (klimay), կղիմայ (kłimay)

→ Middle Armenian: կլիմ (klim), կլեմ (klem)

→ Zazaki: ıklim

From κλῑ́νω (klī́nō, “I slope, incline”) + -μᾰ (-ma).

affix

the supposed slope of the earth from the equator to the pole; (terrestrial) latitude

a region, zone or belt of the earth; a clime


ποιότης

grc-noun

ποιότης • (poiótēs) f (genitive ποιότητος); third declension

poiótēs (romanization)
ποιότητος (genitive)
ἡ ποιότης (nominative singular)
τὼ ποιότητε (dual nominative)
αἱ ποιότητες (nominative plural)
τῆς ποιότητος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ποιοτήτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ποιοτήτων (genitive plural)
τῇ ποιότητῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ποιοτήτοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ποιότησῐ (dative plural)
ποιότησῐν (dative plural)
taîs poiótēsi (dative plural)
taîs poiótēsin (dative plural)
τὴν ποιότητᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ποιότητε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ποιότητᾰς (accusative plural)
ποιότης (singular vocative)
ποιότητε (dual vocative)
ποιότητες (plural vocative)

Greek: ποιότητα (poiótita)

→ Latin: quālitās (calque)

From ποιός (poiós) + -της (-tēs). A particularly close cognate is Latin qualitas (whence English quality), which was coined as a calque of the Greek term.


κλῆρος

κλῆρος • (klêros) m (genitive κλήρου); second declension

klêros (romanization)
κλήρου (genitive)
ὁ κλῆρος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήρω (dual nominative)
οἱ κλῆροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήροις (dative plural)
τὸν κλῆρον (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλήρους (accusative plural)
κλῆρε (singular vocative)
κλήρω (dual vocative)
κλῆροι (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήρος (klíros)

→ Latin: clērus (see there for further descendants)

Of disputed origin:
* Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂-, a metathesized form of *kelh₂- (“to hit, cut down”). Cognate with Latin clādes, Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood, timber; copse, thicket”) (English holt), Old Irish caill (“forest, wood, woodland”), and maybe Albanian shul (“door latch”). Compare Ancient Greek κλᾰ́δος (kládos, “branch, shoot”) and κόλαφος (kólaphos, “hit, blow”, noun), which may or may not be derived from the same root, as well as κλᾰ́ω (kláō, “to break off”), from *kelh₂-.
* An alternative etymology by Matasovic links Proto-Celtic *klāros (“board, plank”) (whence Proto-Brythonic *klọr, Old Irish clár), from Proto-Indo-European *kléh₂ros, assuming the original meaning of the Greek word was “piece of wood for casting lots” (said original meaning is also agreed on by Beekes). For this, the PIE root may be *kleh₂- (“to lay out, lay down, set, load, stow”), if not identical to the above.
* Beekes doubts these etymologies on purely semantic grounds and suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

m+

that which is assigned by lot, an allotment


ἀξίωμα

grc-noun

ἀξῐ́ωμᾰ • (axíōma) n (genitive ἀξῐώμᾰτος); third declension

ἀξῐ́ωμᾰ (canonical)
axíōma (romanization)
ἀξῐώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἀξῐ́ωμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀξῐώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀξῐώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀξῐώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀξῐωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀξῐωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀξῐώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀξῐωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀξῐώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἀξῐώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs axiṓmasi (dative plural)
toîs axiṓmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἀξῐ́ωμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀξῐώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀξῐώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀξῐ́ωμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἀξῐώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἀξῐώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: αξίωμα (axíoma)

Latin: axiōma

French: axiome

English: axiom

From ἀξιόω (axióō, “to think or deem worthy”) + -μα (-ma).


τέμενος

grc-noun

τέμενος • (témenos) n (genitive τεμένους); third declension

témenos (romanization)
τεμένους (genitive)
τὸ τέμενος (nominative singular)
τὼ τεμένει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τεμένη (nominative plural)
τοῦ τεμένους (genitive singular)
τοῖν τεμενοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν τεμενῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ τεμένει (dative singular)
τοῖν τεμενοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς τεμένεσῐ (dative plural)
τεμένεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs teménesi (dative plural)
toîs teménesin (dative plural)
τὸ τέμενος (accusative singular)
τὼ τεμένει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τεμένη (accusative plural)
τέμενος (singular vocative)
τεμένει (dual vocative)
τεμένη (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *témenos, from Proto-Indo-European *témh₁nos, from *temh₁- (“to cut”); whence τέμνω (témnō, “I cut”). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀳𐀕𐀜 (te-me-no).

a piece of ground cut or marked off, precinct


λοβός

λοβός • (lobós) m (genitive λοβοῦ); second declension

lobós (romanization)
λοβοῦ (genitive)
ὁ λοβός (nominative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (dual nominative)
οἱ λοβοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ λοβοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λοβῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ λοβῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς λοβοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν λοβόν (accusative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς λοβούς (accusative plural)
λοβέ (singular vocative)
λοβώ (dual vocative)
λοβοί (plural vocative)

→ English: lobus

Italian: lobo

→ Middle French: lobe

→ English: lobe

French: lobe

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”), if such a root exists. Uncertain.

der

(botany) capsule or pod of leguminous plants


σκάφος

grc-noun

σκᾰ́φος • (skáphos) n (genitive σκᾰ́φεος); third declension

σκᾰ́φος (canonical)
skáphos (romanization)
σκᾰ́φεος (genitive)
τὸ σκᾰ́φος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́φεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́φεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκᾰ́φεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰφέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰφέων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκᾰ́φεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰφέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκᾰ́φεσῐ (dative plural)
σκᾰ́φεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs skáphesi (dative plural)
toîs skáphesin (dative plural)
τὸ σκᾰ́φος (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́φεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́φεᾰ (accusative plural)
σκᾰ́φος (singular vocative)
σκᾰ́φεε (dual vocative)
σκᾰ́φεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σκάφος (skáfos)

→ Italian: scafo

From σκάπτω (skáptō, “to dig”) + -ος (-os). Compare, for more, σκῠ́φος (skúphos).


κληρικός

κληρῐκός • (klērikós) m (genitive κληρῐκοῦ); second declension

κληρῐκός (canonical)
klērikós (romanization)
κληρῐκοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κληρῐκός (nominative singular)
τὼ κληρῐκώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κληρῐκοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κληρῐκοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κληρῐκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κληρῐκῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κληρῐκῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κληρῐκοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κληρῐκοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κληρῐκόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κληρῐκώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κληρῐκούς (accusative plural)
κληρῐκέ (singular vocative)
κληρῐκώ (dual vocative)
κληρῐκοί (plural vocative)

From κλῆρος (klêros, “the clergy, what is alloted, a lot”) + -ῐκός (-ikós).


γάγγραινα

grc-noun

γάγγραινᾰ • (gángraina) f (genitive γαγγραίνης); first declension

γάγγραινᾰ (canonical)
gángraina (romanization)
γαγγραίνης (genitive)
ἡ γάγγραινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γαγγραίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γάγγραιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς γαγγραίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν γαγγραίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γαγγραινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γαγγραίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν γαγγραίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γαγγραίναις (dative plural)
τὴν γάγγραινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ γαγγραίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γαγγραίνᾱς (accusative plural)
γάγγραινᾰ (singular vocative)
γαγγραίνᾱ (dual vocative)
γάγγραιναι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: gangraena
French: gangrène
→ English: gangrene
→ Romanian: gangrenă, cangrenă
→ Turkish: kangren
Italian: cancrena
Russian: гангрена (gangrena)
Spanish: gangrena

In antiquity it was compared with γράω (gráō, “to devour”) but this is incorrect. It is most probably a Pre-Greek word.


μάρσιππος

grc-noun

μᾰ́ρσῐππος • (mársippos) m (genitive μᾰρσῐ́ππου); second declension

μᾰ́ρσῐππος (canonical)
mársippos (romanization)
μᾰρσῐ́ππου (genitive)
ὁ μᾰ́ρσῐππος (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰρσῐ́ππω (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰ́ρσῐπποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰρσῐ́ππου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰρσῐ́πποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰρσῐ́ππων (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰρσῐ́ππῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰρσῐ́πποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰρσῐ́πποις (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰ́ρσῐππον (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰρσῐ́ππω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰρσῐ́ππους (accusative plural)
μᾰ́ρσῐππε (singular vocative)
μᾰρσῐ́ππω (dual vocative)
μᾰ́ρσῐπποι (plural vocative)

Greek: μάρσιπος (mársipos)

→ Latin: marsupium

→ English: marsupium

→ Italian: marsupio

The word is most probably Pre-Greek, because of its variants.


ὄψις

ὄψῐς • (ópsis) f (genitive ὄψεως); third declension

ὄψῐς (canonical)
ópsis (romanization)
ὄψεως (genitive)
ἡ ὄψῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄψει (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄψεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄψεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀψέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὄψεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄψει (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀψέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄψεσῐ (dative plural)
ὄψεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ópsesi (dative plural)
taîs ópsesin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄψῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄψει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄψεις (accusative plural)
ὄψῐ (singular vocative)
ὄψει (dual vocative)
ὄψεις (plural vocative)

Greek: όψη f (ópsi)

From ὄψ (óps, “eye”) + -σῐς (-sis). Diachronically from Proto-Hellenic *ókʷtis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ékʷtis, from *h₃ekʷ- (“eye, to see”).


τροπή

τροπή • (tropḗ) f (genitive τροπῆς); first declension

tropḗ (romanization)
τροπῆς (genitive)
ἡ τροπή (nominative singular)
τὼ τροπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ τροπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς τροπῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν τροπαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν τροπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τροπῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν τροπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς τροπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν τροπήν (accusative singular)
τὼ τροπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τροπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
τροπή (singular vocative)
τροπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
τροπαί (plural vocative)


πομπή

πομπή • (pompḗ) f (genitive πομπῆς); first declension

pompḗ (romanization)
πομπῆς (genitive)
ἡ πομπή (nominative singular)
τὼ πομπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πομπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς πομπῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πομπαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πομπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πομπῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν πομπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πομπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πομπήν (accusative singular)
τὼ πομπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πομπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πομπή (singular vocative)
πομπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πομπαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pompa

From πέμπω (pémpō, “to send”) + -η (-ē).


ἐντροπία

ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ • (entropíā) f (genitive ἐντροπῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
entropíā (romanization)
ἐντροπῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐντροπῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐντροπῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐντροπῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐντροπῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐντροπῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐντροπῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐντροπῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐντροπῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐντροπῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἐντροπῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐντροπῐ́αι (plural vocative)

German: Entropie

English: entropy

French: entropie


βιαστής

βιαστής • (biastḗs) m (genitive βιαστοῦ); first declension

biastḗs (romanization)
βιαστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βιαστής (nominative singular)
τὼ βιαστᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ βιασταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βιαστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βιασταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βιαστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βιαστῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν βιασταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βιασταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βιαστήν (accusative singular)
τὼ βιαστᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βιαστᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
βιαστᾰ́ (singular vocative)
βιαστᾱ́ (dual vocative)
βιασταί (plural vocative)

Greek: βιαστής (viastís)

From βιάζομαι (biázomai, “to inflict violence”) + -τής (-tḗs, agent noun suffix).


ἐπαγωγή

grc-noun

ἐπᾰγωγή • (epagōgḗ) f (genitive ἐπᾰγωγῆς); first declension

ἐπᾰγωγή (canonical)
epagōgḗ (romanization)
ἐπᾰγωγῆς (genitive)
ἡ ἐπᾰγωγή (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπᾰγωγᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπᾰγωγαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπᾰγωγῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπᾰγωγαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπᾰγωγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπᾰγωγῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπᾰγωγαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπᾰγωγαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπᾰγωγήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπᾰγωγᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπᾰγωγᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ἐπᾰγωγή (singular vocative)
ἐπᾰγωγᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ἐπᾰγωγαί (plural vocative)

Greek: επαγωγή (epagogí)

Latin: epagōgē


δέος

δέος • (déos) n (genitive δέους); third declension

déos (romanization)
δέους (genitive)
τὸ δέος (nominative singular)
τὼ δέει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δέη (nominative plural)
τοῦ δέους (genitive singular)
τοῖν δεοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δεῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ δέει (dative singular)
τοῖν δεοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς δέεσῐ (dative plural)
δέεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs déesi (dative plural)
toîs déesin (dative plural)
τὸ δέος (accusative singular)
τὼ δέει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δέη (accusative plural)
δέος (singular vocative)
δέει (dual vocative)
δέη (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dwey- (“to fear”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós), Old Armenian երկն (erkn), Latin dīrus.


δεῖγμα

δεῖγμᾰ • (deîgma) n (genitive δείγμᾰτος); third declension

δεῖγμᾰ (canonical)
deîgma (romanization)
δείγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ δεῖγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ δείγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δείγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δείγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δειγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δειγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ δείγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δειγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δείγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
δείγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs deígmasi (dative plural)
toîs deígmasin (dative plural)
τὸ δεῖγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δείγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δείγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
δεῖγμᾰ (singular vocative)
δείγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
δείγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Aramaic: דוגמא

→ Hebrew: דּוּגְמָה (dugmá)

Greek: δείγμα (deígma)

→ Medieval Latin: dīgma

Italian: dima

From the root δεικ- (deik-), whence also δείκνῡμῐ (deíknūmi, “I show”), + -μᾰ (-ma, object noun suffix).


κατοικία

κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ • (katoikíā) f (genitive κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱς); first declension

κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
katoikíā (romanization)
κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰτοικῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰτοικῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰτοικῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰτοικῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰτοικῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰτοικῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κᾰτοικῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰτοικῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: κατοικία (katoikía)

κᾰ́τοικος (kátoikos) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)

suffix

κᾰ́τοικος (kátoikos) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)

200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.32.4

Act.Ap. 17.26

Chr. 31i.23

habitation
(generally) dwelling-place, domicile

Hecat. 119.J.

200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 5.78.5

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 5.4.8

PTeb. 61b.227

(and especially) military colonies (in Egypt)

settlement, colony
military colonies (in Egypt)

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 6.2.5

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Mark Antony 16

95 CE – 165 CE, Appian, Civil Wars 5.19

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 5.4.11

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pompey 47

IG, Rom. 4.834


χρέος

grc-noun

χρέος • (khréos) n (genitive χρέους); third declension

khréos (romanization)
χρέους (genitive)
τὸ χρέος (nominative singular)
τὼ χρέει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χρέους (genitive singular)
τοῖν χρεοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χρεῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χρέει (dative singular)
τοῖν χρεοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς χρέεσῐ (dative plural)
χρέεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khréesi (dative plural)
toîs khréesin (dative plural)
τὸ χρέος (accusative singular)
τὼ χρέει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ (accusative plural)
χρέος (singular vocative)
χρέει (dual vocative)
χρέᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: χρέος (chréos)

Nominal formation from the root of χράομαι (khráomai), χρεώ (khreṓ, “to need”), and χρή (khrḗ, “have to, ought”); see the latter for more.


προσοχή

προσοχή • (prosokhḗ) f (genitive προσοχῆς); first declension

prosokhḗ (romanization)
προσοχῆς (genitive)
ἡ προσοχή (nominative singular)
τὼ προσοχᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ προσοχαί (nominative plural)
τῆς προσοχῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν προσοχαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν προσοχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ προσοχῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν προσοχαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς προσοχαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν προσοχήν (accusative singular)
τὼ προσοχᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προσοχᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
προσοχή (singular vocative)
προσοχᾱ́ (dual vocative)
προσοχαί (plural vocative)

Greek: προσοχή (prosochí)

From προσέχω (prosékhō, “to guard against”) + -η (-ē, abstract noun suffix).


πρίσμα

grc-noun

πρίσμᾰ • (prísma) n (genitive πρίσμᾰτος); third declension

πρίσμᾰ (canonical)
prísma (romanization)
πρίσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πρῐ́σμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πρῐ́σμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρῐ́σμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρῐσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρῐσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πρῐ́σμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρῐσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρῐ́σμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πρῐ́σμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs prísmasi (dative plural)
toîs prísmasin (dative plural)
τὸ πρῐ́σμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πρῐ́σμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πρῐ́σμᾰ (singular vocative)
πρῐ́σμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πρῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From πρίω (príō, “I saw, I cut”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


κέρδος

κέρδος • (kérdos) n (genitive κέρδους); third declension

kérdos (romanization)
κέρδους (genitive)
τὸ κέρδος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέρδει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κέρδη (nominative plural)
τοῦ κέρδους (genitive singular)
τοῖν κερδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κέρδει (dative singular)
τοῖν κερδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κέρδεσῐ (dative plural)
κέρδεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kérdesi (dative plural)
toîs kérdesin (dative plural)
τὸ κέρδος (accusative singular)
τὼ κέρδει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κέρδη (accusative plural)
κέρδος (singular vocative)
κέρδει (dual vocative)
κέρδη (plural vocative)
κέρδος (nominative singular)
κέρδει (dual nominative)
κέρδεε (dual nominative)
κέρδεᾰ (nominative plural)
κέρδεος (genitive singular)
κέρδευς (genitive singular)
κερδέοιν (dual genitive)
κερδέων (genitive plural)
κέρδει (dative singular)
κέρδεῐ̈ (dative singular)
κερδέοιν (dative dual)
κέρδεσῐ (dative plural)
κέρδεσῐν (dative plural)
kérdesi (dative plural)
kérdesin (dative plural)
κέρδος (accusative singular)
κέρδει (accusative dual)
κέρδεε (accusative dual)
κέρδεᾰ (accusative plural)
κέρδος (singular vocative)
κέρδει (dual vocative)
κέρδεε (dual vocative)
κέρδεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κέρδος (kérdos)

According to Beekes, from a Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“craft, cunning”) and cognate with Old Irish cerd (“craft, skill”) (< *ḱerd-h₂-), Welsh cerdd (“song”).


φάλαγγα

head

φάλαγγα • (phálanga)


γραφίδα

grc-noun form

γρᾰφίδᾰ • (graphída)

γρᾰφίδᾰ (canonical)
graphída (romanization)


διάγραμμα

grc-noun

διαγράμματος

διάγραμμα • (diágramma) n (genitive διαγράμματος); third declension

diágramma (romanization)
διαγράμματος (genitive)
τὸ διάγραμμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ διαγράμμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ διαγράμμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ διαγράμμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν διαγραμμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν διαγραμμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ διαγράμμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν διαγραμμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς διαγράμμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
διαγράμμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs diagrámmasi (dative plural)
toîs diagrámmasin (dative plural)
τὸ διάγραμμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ διαγράμμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ διαγράμμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
διάγραμμᾰ (singular vocative)
διαγράμμᾰτε (dual vocative)
διαγράμμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

διαγράμματος

Medieval Latin: diagramma

Dutch: diagram

English: diagram

French: diagramme

German: Diagramm

Italian: diagramma

Portuguese: diagrama

Spanish: diagrama

δια- (dia-) + γράμμα (grámma), from γράφω (gráphō, “I write”) + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).

suffix

That which is marked out in lines, plan, diagram.


δακτύλιος

grc-noun

δακτύλιος • (daktúlios) m (genitive δακτῠλίου); second declension

daktúlios (romanization)
δακτῠλίου (genitive)
ὁ δᾰκτῠ́λῐος (nominative singular)
τὼ δᾰκτῠλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
οἱ δᾰκτῠ́λῐοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δᾰκτῠλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δᾰκτῠλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δᾰκτῠλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ δᾰκτῠλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δᾰκτῠλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δᾰκτῠλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸν δᾰκτῠ́λῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ δᾰκτῠλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δᾰκτῠλῐ́ους (accusative plural)
δᾰκτῠ́λῐε (singular vocative)
δᾰκτῠλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
δᾰκτῠ́λῐοι (plural vocative)

Greek: δακτύλιος (daktýlios)

From δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger”) + -ιος (-ios, diminutive suffix).


πλάκα

grc-noun form

πλάκᾰ • (pláka)


λύπη

grc-noun

λῡ́πη • (lū́pē) f (genitive λῡ́πης); first declension

λῡ́πη (canonical)
lū́pē (romanization)
λῡ́πης (genitive)
ἡ λῡ́πη (nominative singular)
τὼ λῡ́πᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λῦπαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λῡ́πης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῡ́παιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῡπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λῡ́πῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῡ́παιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λῡ́παις (dative plural)
τὴν λῡ́πην (accusative singular)
τὼ λῡ́πᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λῡ́πᾱς (accusative plural)
λῡ́πη (singular vocative)
λῡ́πᾱ (dual vocative)
λῦπαι (plural vocative)

Greek: λύπη (lýpi)

Of uncertain origin. The traditional connection to Sanskrit लुप् (lup, “to break, tear apart”) can be dismissed, as the Sanskrit root is much more likely from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break, tear up”), which cannot produce the Greek term.
Beekes tentatively prefers a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel off”), whence Proto-Balto-Slavic *láupīˀtei (“to cause to bend; to peel”). While phonetically sound and semantically possible, the lack of evidence directly connecting the Greek sense of "grief, pain" to the hypothetical original "peeling, breaking" sense renders the etymology uncertain.

cog

pain (of mind or body), suffering, affliction, distress


θαυμασμός

grc-noun

θαυμᾰσμός • (thaumasmós) m (genitive θαυμᾰσμοῦ); second declension

θαυμᾰσμός (canonical)
thaumasmós (romanization)
θαυμᾰσμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θαυμᾰσμός (nominative singular)
τὼ θαυμᾰσμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θαυμᾰσμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θαυμᾰσμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θαυμᾰσμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θαυμᾰσμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θαυμᾰσμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θαυμᾰσμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θαυμᾰσμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θαυμᾰσμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θαυμᾰσμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θαυμᾰσμούς (accusative plural)
θαυμᾰσμέ (singular vocative)
θαυμᾰσμώ (dual vocative)
θαυμᾰσμοί (plural vocative)


συγκοπή

σῠγκοπή • (sunkopḗ) f (genitive σῠγκοπῆς); first declension

σῠγκοπή (canonical)
sunkopḗ (romanization)
σῠγκοπῆς (genitive)
ἡ σῠγκοπή (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠγκοπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῠγκοπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σῠγκοπῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠγκοπαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠγκοπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῠγκοπῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠγκοπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῠγκοπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σῠγκοπήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠγκοπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῠγκοπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σῠγκοπή (singular vocative)
σῠγκοπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σῠγκοπαί (plural vocative)

→ French: syncope

→ Greek: συγκοπή (sygkopí)

→ Late Latin: syncope

⇒ English: syncope

From συγκόπτω (sunkóptō, “cut up”) + -η (-ē).

Periplus of the Erythraean Sea 6

Longinus 42

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, 2 1011E

(grammar) syncope, cutting a word short by striking out one or more letters

60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, The Arrangement of Words 22

Aretaeus of Cappadocia, De causis et signis acutorum morborum 2.3

60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, The Arrangement of Words 15


παροξυσμός

πᾰροξῠσμός • (paroxusmós) m (genitive πᾰροξῠσμοῦ); second declension

πᾰροξῠσμός (canonical)
paroxusmós (romanization)
πᾰροξῠσμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πᾰροξῠσμός (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰροξῠσμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰροξῠσμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰροξῠσμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰροξῠσμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰροξῠσμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰροξῠσμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰροξῠσμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰροξῠσμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰροξῠσμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰροξῠσμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰροξῠσμούς (accusative plural)
πᾰροξῠσμέ (singular vocative)
πᾰροξῠσμώ (dual vocative)
πᾰροξῠσμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: παροξυσμός (paroxysmós)

→ Latin: paroxysmus

→ French: paroxysme

→ Polish: paroksyzm

From παροξύνω (paroxúnō, “to sharpen, irritate”) + -μός (-mós), from παρά (pará, “beside”) + ὀξύνω (oxúnō, “to sharpen”).


σπασμός

grc-noun

σπασμός • (spasmós) m (genitive σπασμοῦ); second declension

spasmós (romanization)
σπασμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ σπασμός (nominative singular)
τὼ σπασμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ σπασμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπασμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπασμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπασμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σπασμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπασμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπασμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν σπασμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σπασμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπασμούς (accusative plural)
σπασμέ (singular vocative)
σπασμώ (dual vocative)
σπασμοί (plural vocative)

Synonym of σπάσμα (spásma, “sprain, spasm”)


παράνοια

πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰ • (paránoia) f (genitive πᾰρᾰνοίᾱς); first declension

πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰ (canonical)
paránoia (romanization)
πᾰρᾰνοίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰνοίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰ́νοιαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰνοίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰνοίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰνοιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰνοίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰνοίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰνοίαις (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰνοίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰνοίᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰ (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰνοίᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰ́νοιαι (plural vocative)

→ English: paranoia

Greek: παράνοια (paránoia)

From παρανοέω (paranoéō, “to think amiss”) + -ῐᾰ (-ia).


πρᾶγμα

grc-noun

πρᾶγμᾰ • (prâgma) n (genitive πρᾱ́γμᾰτος); third declension

πρᾶγμᾰ (canonical)
prâgma (romanization)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρᾱγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs prā́gmasi (dative plural)
toîs prā́gmasin (dative plural)
τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πρᾶγμᾰ (singular vocative)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)
πρᾶγμᾰ (nominative singular)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (dual nominative)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (genitive singular)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν (dual genitive)
πρᾱγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν (dative dual)
πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐ (dative plural)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐν (dative plural)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐ (dative plural)
πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐν (dative plural)
prā́gmasi (dative plural)
prā́gmasin (dative plural)
prāgmátessi (dative plural)
prāgmátessin (dative plural)
prāgmátesi (dative plural)
prāgmátesin (dative plural)
πρᾶγμᾰ (accusative singular)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (accusative dual)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πρᾶγμᾰ (singular vocative)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: pragma

Greek: πράγμα (prágma), πράμα (práma)

Mariupol Greek: пра́ма (práma)

From πρᾱ́σσω (prā́ssō, “I do, practice”) + -μᾰ (-ma, result noun suffix).

af

(in the plural, in bad sense) trouble, annoyance


μύστης

grc-noun

μῠ́στης • (mústēs) m (genitive μῠ́στου); first declension

μῠ́στης (canonical)
mústēs (romanization)
μῠ́στου (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́στης (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́σται (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́στου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́σταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́στῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́σταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́σταις (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́στην (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́στᾱς (accusative plural)
μῠ́στᾰ (singular vocative)
μῠ́στᾱ (dual vocative)
μῠ́σται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: mystēs, mysta (see there for further descendants)

From μυέω (muéō, “I initiate”), from μῡ́ω (mū́ō, “I shut”), + -της (-tēs). The sense development was probably "to shut" > "(one who) shuts one's eyes" > "one who is or is to be initiated (in the Eleusinian mysteries)".


θεραπευτής

θερᾰπευτής • (therapeutḗs) m (genitive θερᾰπευτοῦ); first declension

θερᾰπευτής (canonical)
therapeutḗs (romanization)
θερᾰπευτοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θερᾰπευτής (nominative singular)
τὼ θερᾰπευτᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ θερᾰπευταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θερᾰπευτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θερᾰπευταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θερᾰπευτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θερᾰπευτῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν θερᾰπευταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θερᾰπευταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θερᾰπευτήν (accusative singular)
τὼ θερᾰπευτᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θερᾰπευτᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
θερᾰπευτᾰ́ (singular vocative)
θερᾰπευτᾱ́ (dual vocative)
θερᾰπευταί (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: terapeuta

→ Czech: terapeut

→ Danish: terapeut

→ Dutch: therapeut

→ Finnish: terapeutti

→ French: thérapeute

→ German: Therapeut

→ Hungarian: terapeuta

→ Italian: terapeuta

→ Norwegian: terapeut

→ Polish: terapeuta

→ Portuguese: terapeuta

→ Romanian: terapeut

→ Russian: терапе́вт (terapévt)

→ Serbo-Croatian: terapèut

→ Spanish: terapeuta

→ Swedish: terapeut

From θεραπεύω (therapeúō, “I wait on, attend, serve, cure”) + -τής (-tḗs, masculine agentive suffix).

suffix

One who waits upon another; attendant.
worshiper (who waits upon a deity)

One who waits upon another; attendant.
courtier (who waits upon a ruler)

medical attendant (who waits upon someone who's ill)


ἄχος

grc-noun

ἄχος • (ákhos) n (genitive ἄχεος or ἄχους); third declension

ákhos (romanization)
ἄχεος (genitive)
ἄχους (genitive)
ᾰ̓́χος (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓́χει (dual nominative)
ᾰ̓́χεε (dual nominative)
ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (nominative plural)
ᾰ̓́χεος (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓́χευς (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓χέοιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓χέων (genitive plural)
ᾰ̓́χει (dative singular)
ᾰ̓́χεῐ̈ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓χέοιν (dative dual)
ᾰ̓́χεσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́χεσῐν (dative plural)
ákhesi (dative plural)
ákhesin (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́χος (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓́χει (accusative dual)
ᾰ̓́χεε (accusative dual)
ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́χος (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́χει (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́χεε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (plural vocative)
τὸ ᾰ̓́χος (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́χει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́χη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓́χους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓χοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓χῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓́χει (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓χοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓́χεσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́χεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ákhesi (dative plural)
toîs ákhesin (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́χος (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́χει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́χη (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́χος (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́χει (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́χη (plural vocative)
τὸ ᾰ̓́χος (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́χει (dual nominative)
ᾰ̓́χεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓́χεος (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓́χευς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓χέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓χέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓́χει (dative singular)
ᾰ̓́χεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓χέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν ᾰ̓́χεσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́χεσῐν (dative plural)
toîsi ákhesi (dative plural)
toîsi ákhesin (dative plural)
toîsini (dative plural)
toîsinin (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́χος (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́χει (accusative dual)
ᾰ̓́χεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́χος (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́χει (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́χεε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́χεᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂égʰos, from the root *h₂egʰ- (“to be upset, in distress, afraid”). Compare Sanskrit अघ (agha, “evil”), Proto-Germanic *agaz (“fear”) (Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃 (agis), dialectal English ey).


ἔγκατα

ἔγκᾰτᾰ • (énkata) n (genitive ἐγκᾰ́των); third declension

ἔγκᾰτᾰ (canonical)
énkata (romanization)
ἐγκᾰ́των (genitive)
τᾰ̀ ἔγκᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν ἐγκᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τοῖς ἔγκᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἔγκᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs énkasi (dative plural)
toîs énkasin (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ ἔγκᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔγκᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἐν (en). Compare with ἔσχατος (éskhatos).

ἤσθιε δ’ ὥς τε λέων ὀρεσίτροφος, οὐδ’ ἀπέλειπεν, ἔγκατά τε σάρκας τε καὶ ὀστέα μυελόεντα

He ate them as a mountain-nurtured lion, leaving naught—ate the entrails, and the flesh, and the marrowy bones.

ḗsthie d’ hṓs te léōn oresítrophos, oud’ apéleipen, énkatá te sárkas te kaì ostéa muelóenta


λαβή

λᾰβή • (labḗ) f (genitive λᾰβῆς); first declension

λᾰβή (canonical)
labḗ (romanization)
λᾰβῆς (genitive)
ἡ λᾰβή (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰβᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰβαί (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰβῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰβαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰβῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰβαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰβαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰβήν (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰβᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰβᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
λᾰβή (singular vocative)
λᾰβᾱ́ (dual vocative)
λᾰβαί (plural vocative)

Greek: λαβή (laví)

From λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take, grasp”) + -ή (-ḗ).

af

(anatomy, in the plural) insertions, attachments of muscles


θεῖος

grc-noun

θεῖος • (theîos) m (genitive θείου); second declension

theîos (romanization)
θείου (genitive)
ὁ θεῖος (nominative singular)
τὼ θείω (dual nominative)
οἱ θεῖοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ θείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θείων (genitive plural)
τῷ θείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θείοις (dative plural)
τὸν θεῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ θείω (accusative dual)
τοὺς θείους (accusative plural)
θεῖε (singular vocative)
θείω (dual vocative)
θεῖοι (plural vocative)

Greek: θείος (theíos)

→ Latin: thius (see there for further descendants)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”); however, Beekes doesn't mention this etymology and instead takes the word as an independent onomatopoeic formation. Compare θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”), θηλή (thēlḗ, “teat”), τίτθη (títthē, “nurse”), τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”).

der

the brother of one's father or mother, uncle


δίσκος

grc-noun

δίσκος • (dískos) m (genitive δίσκου); second declension

dískos (romanization)
δίσκου (genitive)
ὁ δῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ δῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ δῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν δῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
δῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
δῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
δῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

Greek: δίσκος (dískos)
→ Romanian: disc

→ Russian: диск (disk)

→ Aramaic:

Palestinian Aramaic: דיסקוס / ܕܝܣܩܘܣ

→ Latin: discus (see there for further descendants)

Furnée pointed out that the traditional derivation from *δίκ-σκος (*dík-skos), from δικεῖν (dikeîn, “to cast”) is hardly possible, because the suffix “-σκο-” is rare in nominal derivation. Therefore, he suggested to start from *δισκ- (*disk-), a variant (as opposed to direct formation) of δικεῖν (dikeîn), which has Pre-Greek origin. See also δίκτυον (díktuon, “fishing net; strick”).


βιβλιογραφία

βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ

βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱς

βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ • (bibliographíā) f (genitive βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱς); first declension

βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ (canonical)
bibliographíā (romanization)
βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱν (accusative singular)
βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ (singular vocative)

grc-decl

βιβλῐογρᾰφίᾱ

desc

βιβλιογραφία

Greek: βιβλιογραφία (vivliografía)

→ Catalan: bibliografia

→ Czech: bibliografie

desctree

→ Dutch: bibliografie
Afrikaans: bibliografie

→ English: bibliography

→ Finnish: bibliografia

→ French: bibliographie

→ German: Bibliographie

→ Hungarian: bibliográfia

→⇒ Irish: bibleagrafaíocht

→ Italian: bibliografia

→ Polish: bibliografia

→ Portuguese: bibliografia

→ Romanian: bibliografie

библиогра́фия

→ Russian: библиогра́фия (bibliográfija)
→ Armenian: բիբլիոգրաֆիա (bibliografia)
→ Uzbek: bibliografiya

→ Slovak: bibliografia

→ Spanish: bibliografía
→ Tagalog: bibliyograpiya

desc

бібліографія

→ Ukrainian: бібліографія (bibliohrafija)

From βιβλίον (biblíon) + -γραφίᾱ (-graphíā) and/or βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos) + -ίᾱ (-íā).

af

βιβλιογράφος


κεραυνός

grc-noun

κεραυνός • (keraunós) m (genitive κεραυνοῦ); second declension

keraunós (romanization)
κεραυνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κεραυνός (nominative singular)
τὼ κεραυνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κεραυνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κεραυνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεραυνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεραυνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κεραυνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεραυνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κεραυνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κεραυνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κεραυνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κεραυνούς (accusative plural)
κεραυνέ (singular vocative)
κεραυνώ (dual vocative)
κεραυνοί (plural vocative)

Greek: κεραυνός (keravnós)

desc

→ English: ceraunic, cerauno-, keraunic, kerauno-

Thematic transformation of an r/n stem, from a verb "to shatter" that was replaced by κεραΐζω (keraḯzō), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“to smash, shatter”). For the formation, compare ἐλαύνω (elaúnō).


φυσιολογία

grc-noun

φῠσῐολογίᾱ • (phusiologíā) f (genitive φῠσῐολογίᾱς); first declension

φῠσῐολογίᾱ (canonical)
phusiologíā (romanization)
φῠσῐολογίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ φῠσῐολογῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς φῠσῐολογῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ φῠσῐολογῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν φῠσῐολογῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
φῠσῐολογῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)

Greek: φυσιολογία (fysiología)

Latin: physiologia (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Russian: физиоло́гия (fiziológija)
→ Armenian: ֆիզիոլոգիա (fiziologia)
→ Kazakh: физиология (fiziologiä)

Ukrainian: фізіоло́гія (fiziolóhija)

inquiry into natural causes and phenomena


νεκρομαντεία

grc-noun

νεκρομᾰντείᾱ

νεκρομᾰντείᾱς

νεκρομᾰντείᾱ • (nekromanteíā) f (genitive νεκρομᾰντείᾱς); first declension

νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (canonical)
nekromanteíā (romanization)
νεκρομᾰντείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νεκρομᾰντεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νεκρομᾰντείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν νεκρομᾰντείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νεκρομᾰντειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νεκρομᾰντείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νεκρομᾰντείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νεκρομᾰντείαις (dative plural)
τὴν νεκρομᾰντείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νεκρομᾰντείᾱς (accusative plural)
νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (singular vocative)
νεκρομᾰντείᾱ (dual vocative)
νεκρομᾰντεῖαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

νεκρομᾰντείᾱ

desc

νεκρομαντεία

Greek: νεκρομαντεία (nekromanteía)

→ Latin: necromantia

→ English: necromancy

From νεκρός (nekrós, “corpse”) + μαντεία (manteía, “divination”).


μέθοδος

grc-noun

μέθοδος • (méthodos) f (genitive μεθόδου); second declension

méthodos (romanization)
μεθόδου (genitive)
ἡ μέθοδος (nominative singular)
τὼ μεθόδω (dual nominative)
αἱ μέθοδοι (nominative plural)
τῆς μεθόδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μεθόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μεθόδων (genitive plural)
τῇ μεθόδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μεθόδοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μεθόδοις (dative plural)
τὴν μέθοδον (accusative singular)
τὼ μεθόδω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μεθόδους (accusative plural)
μέθοδε (singular vocative)
μεθόδω (dual vocative)
μέθοδοι (plural vocative)

Armenian: մեթոդ (metʻod)

Esperanto: metodo

Georgian: მეთოდი (metodi)

Greek: μέθοδος (méthodos)

Hebrew: מֶתוֹדָה (metóda)

Italian: metodo

Latin: methodus (see there for further descendants)

Portuguese: método

Russian: ме́тод (métod)

From μετ᾽ (“transcending, encompassing, median”) + ὁδός (hodós, “road, way, path”), literally “the transcending path”.

af

pursuit of knowledge, investigation, inquiry; hence, treatise

mode of prosecuting such inquiry, method, system, plan


δόγμα

grc-noun

δόγμᾰ • (dógma) n (genitive δόγμᾰτος); third declension

δόγμᾰ (canonical)
dógma (romanization)
δόγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ δόγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ δόγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δόγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δόγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δογμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δογμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ δόγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δογμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δόγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
δόγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs dógmasi (dative plural)
toîs dógmasin (dative plural)
τὸ δόγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δόγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δόγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
δόγμᾰ (singular vocative)
δόγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
δόγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Hebrew: דּוֹגְמָה (dogmá)

→ Latin: dogma

→ French: dogme

→ Italian: dogma

→ Russian: догма (dogma)


συγγραφέας

grc-noun form

συγγρᾰφέᾱς • (sungraphéās)

συγγρᾰφέᾱς (canonical)
sungraphéās (romanization)

accusative plural of σῠγγρᾰφεύς (sungrapheús)


σκοπιά

grc-noun

σκοπῐᾱ́ • (skopiā́) f (genitive σκοπῐᾶς); first declension

σκοπῐᾱ́ (canonical)
skopiā́ (romanization)
σκοπῐᾶς (genitive)
ἡ σκοπῐᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκοπῐᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκοπῐαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σκοπῐᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκοπῐαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκοπῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκοπῐᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκοπῐαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκοπῐαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σκοπῐᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκοπῐᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκοπῐᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σκοπῐᾱ́ (singular vocative)
σκοπῐᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σκοπῐαί (plural vocative)

From σκοπός (skopós, “lookout, watcher”) + -ιᾱ́ (-iā́).

af

lookout (session of watching), watch (act of guarding)


σύμπαν

grc-noun

σῠ́μπᾱν • (súmpān) n (genitive σῠ́μπᾰντος); third declension

σῠ́μπᾱν (canonical)
súmpān (romanization)
σῠ́μπᾰντος (genitive)
τὸ σῠ́μπᾱν (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠ́μπᾰντε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́μπᾰντᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠ́μπᾰντος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠμπᾰ́ντοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠμπᾰ́ντων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠ́μπᾰντῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠμπᾰ́ντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠ́μπᾱσῐν (dative plural)
τὸ σῠ́μπᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠ́μπᾰντε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́μπᾰντᾰ (accusative plural)
σῠ́μπᾱν (singular vocative)
σῠ́μπᾰντε (dual vocative)
σῠ́μπᾰντᾰ (plural vocative)

Substantivization of the neuter of σῠ́μπᾱς (súmpās, “whole of”).


σύρμα

σύρμᾰ • (súrma) n (genitive σύρμᾰτος); third declension

σύρμᾰ (canonical)
súrma (romanization)
σύρμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σῠ́ρμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ρμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠ́ρμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠρμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠρμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠ́ρμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠρμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠ́ρμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σῠ́ρμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs súrmasi (dative plural)
toîs súrmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σῠ́ρμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ρμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σῠ́ρμᾰ (singular vocative)
σῠ́ρμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

> Byzantine Greek: σύρμα (súrma) (inherited)

> Greek: σύρμα (sýrma) (inherited)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: صرمه, صیرمه (sırma), սըրմա (sırma) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: sırma
→ Albanian: sërmë, sërme
→ Armenian: սրմա (srma), սիրմա (sirma), սռմա (sṙma), սուրմա (surma), սրմայ (srmay), սիրմայ (sirmay), սռմայ (sṙmay), սուրմայ (surmay) — traditional orthography
→ Bulgarian: съ́рма (sǎ́rma)
→ Georgian: სირმა (sirma)
→ Macedonian: ср́ма (sŕma)
→ Romanian: sîrmă, sârmă
→ Serbo-Croatian: sŕma / ср́ма

→ Latin: syrma

From σύρω (súrō, “to draw, drag, trail”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

(Koine sense) A theatric robe with a long train

Anything trailed or dragged
A theatric robe with a long train

Anything trailed or dragged
sweepings, refuse, litter

(medicine) An abrasion, a scaly skin disease

Anything trailed or dragged
An abrasion, a scaly skin disease


χυλός

grc-noun

χῡλός • (khūlós) m (genitive χῡλοῦ); second declension

χῡλός (canonical)
khūlós (romanization)
χῡλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ χῡλός (nominative singular)
τὼ χῡλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ χῡλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ χῡλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν χῡλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χῡλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χῡλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν χῡλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς χῡλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν χῡλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ χῡλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χῡλούς (accusative plural)
χῡλέ (singular vocative)
χῡλώ (dual vocative)
χῡλοί (plural vocative)

Greek: χυλός (chylós)

→ Latin: chȳlus

→ English: chyle

Traditionally derived as a nominal formation from χέω (khéō, “to pour”), but like χυμός (khumós, “juice, liquid”), it is unclear how the long -ῡ- can be explained.

chyle, juice produced by the digestion of food


κυνόδοντας

head

κῠνόδοντᾰς • (kunódontas) m

κῠνόδοντᾰς (canonical)
kunódontas (romanization)

accusative plural of κῠνόδους, κῠνόδων (kunódous, kunódōn)


καλάμη

grc-noun

κᾰλᾰ́μη • (kalámē) f (genitive κᾰλᾰ́μης); first declension

κᾰλᾰ́μη (canonical)
kalámē (romanization)
κᾰλᾰ́μης (genitive)
ἡ κᾰλᾰ́μη (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰλᾰ́μᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰλᾰ́μαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰλᾰ́μης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́μαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰλᾰμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰλᾰ́μῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́μαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰλᾰ́μαις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰλᾰ́μην (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰλᾰ́μᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰλᾰ́μᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰλᾰ́μη (singular vocative)
κᾰλᾰ́μᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰλᾰ́μαι (plural vocative)

Variant of κάλαμος (kálamos), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂-m-.
Or from Pre-Greek.


λύσσα

λύσσᾰ • (lússa) f (genitive λύσσης); first declension

λύσσᾰ (canonical)
lússa (romanization)
λύσσης (genitive)
ἡ λῠ́σσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ λῠ́σσᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λῠ́σσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λῠ́σσης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῠ́σσαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῠσσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λῠ́σσῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῠ́σσαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λῠ́σσαις (dative plural)
τὴν λῠ́σσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ λῠ́σσᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λῠ́σσᾱς (accusative plural)
λῠ́σσᾰ (singular vocative)
λῠ́σσᾱ (dual vocative)
λῠ́σσαι (plural vocative)

→ English: lyssa (learned)

→ German: Lyssa (learned)

Greek: λύσσα (lýssa)

Somewhat disputedly, thought to be equivalent to λῠ́κος m (lúkos, “wolf”) + -ια (-ia, abstract noun suffix) (but formed already in Proto-Hellenic, like ὄσσᾰ (óssa) and γλῶσσᾰ (glôssa), which is necessary to account for the sound shift), thus the original meaning would have been “the state of being wolfish”.
Beekes maintains this etymology but, like Pokorny, considers the Greek root for “wolf” to be from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to shine; light”) rather than *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”) with deformation. Compare the same root in such phrases as λευκαὶ φρένες· μαινόμεναι (leukaì phrénes; mainómenai, “raging, frenzied”, literally “glowing minds raving”) and λευκῶν πραπίδων· κακῶν φρενῶν (leukôn prapídōn; kakôn phrenôn, identical meaning, literally “of evil minds of glowing hearts”).
The less commonly held comparison to λῡ́ω (lū́ō, “to untie, let loose”) is probably to be abandoned.


νίκην

head

νῑ́κην • (nī́kēn)

νῑ́κην (canonical)
nī́kēn (romanization)


νίκας

νῑ́κᾱς • (nī́kās)

νῑ́κᾱς (canonical)
nī́kās (romanization)


νίκῃ

νῑ́κῃ • (nī́kēi)


νικῶν

νῑκῶν • (nīkôn)


μετεωρολογία

grc-noun

μετεωρολογίᾱ

μετεωρολογίᾱς

μετεωρολογίᾱ • (meteōrologíā) f (genitive μετεωρολογίᾱς); first declension

μετεωρολογίᾱ (canonical)
meteōrologíā (romanization)
μετεωρολογίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ μετεωρολογῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τῆς μετεωρολογῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῇ μετεωρολογῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τὴν μετεωρολογῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
μετεωρολογῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)

grc-decl

μετεωρολογί˘ᾱ

desc

μετεωρολογία

Greek: μετεωρολογία (meteorología)

French: météorologie (see there for further descendants)

From μετέωρα (metéōra, “celestial phenomena”) + -λογίᾱ (-logíā)


περόνη

grc-noun

περόνη • (perónē) f (genitive περόνης); first declension

perónē (romanization)
περόνης (genitive)
ἡ περόνη (nominative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ περόναι (nominative plural)
τῆς περόνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περονῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περόνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περόναις (dative plural)
τὴν περόνην (accusative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περόνᾱς (accusative plural)
περόνη (singular vocative)
περόνᾱ (dual vocative)
περόναι (plural vocative)

Greek: περόνη (peróni)

⇒ Koine Greek: περόνιον (perónion)

desc

Byzantine Greek: πιρούνιν (piroúnin), περούνιν (peroúnin)

desctree

Greek: πιρούνι (piroúni)
→ Albanian: pirun
→ Aromanian: pirunã
→ Friulian: piron
→ Ladino: piron
→ Mòcheno: paru'
→ Romanian: piron
→ Serbo-Croatian: pirun / пирун
→ Venetan: piron
→ Cimbrian: pirù
→ Lombard: piron

→ English: perone

From πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, run through”), formed with the pattern of ᾰ̓κόνη (akónē, “whetstone, hone”), βελόνη (belónē, “needle”).

pin or tongue of a buckle or brooch
buckle or brooch itself

pin or tongue of a buckle or brooch
pin for twisting ropes round, on a ship

pin or tongue of a buckle or brooch
pivot of doorpost

pin or tongue of a buckle or brooch
linchpin

pin or tongue of a buckle or brooch
rivet, bolt
rivet in the Roman pilum

(anatomy) radius; (more frequently) fibula, calf bone

(zootomy) ligament below the knee of a horse


πλεονεξία

grc-noun

πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ • (pleonexíā) f (genitive πλεονεξῐ́ᾱς); first declension

πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
pleonexíā (romanization)
πλεονεξῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πλεονεξῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς πλεονεξῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλεονεξῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλεονεξῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πλεονεξῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλεονεξῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλεονεξῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν πλεονεξῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλεονεξῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
πλεονεξῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
πλεονεξῐ́αι (plural vocative)

→ English: pleonexia

Greek: πλεονεξία (pleonexía)

From πλέον (pléon, “more”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).


στραβισμός

grc-noun

στρᾰβῐσμός • (strabismós) m (genitive στρᾰβῐσμοῦ); second declension

στρᾰβῐσμός (canonical)
strabismós (romanization)
στρᾰβῐσμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ στρᾰβῐσμός (nominative singular)
τὼ στρᾰβῐσμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ στρᾰβῐσμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρᾰβῐσμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρᾰβῐσμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρᾰβῐσμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ στρᾰβῐσμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρᾰβῐσμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρᾰβῐσμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν στρᾰβῐσμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ στρᾰβῐσμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρᾰβῐσμούς (accusative plural)
στρᾰβῐσμέ (singular vocative)
στρᾰβῐσμώ (dual vocative)
στρᾰβῐσμοί (plural vocative)

→ French: strabisme

From στραβίζω (strabízō, “to squint”) + -μός (-mós), from στραβός (strabós, “distorted, squinting”).

af

150 CE – 250 CE, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Problems and Solutions 2.11


σύνταγμα

grc-noun

σύνταγμᾰ • (súntagma) n (genitive συντάγμᾰτος); third declension

σύνταγμᾰ (canonical)
súntagma (romanization)
συντάγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σύ̆ντᾰγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠντᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠντᾰγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠντᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠντᾰ́γμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σῠντᾰ́γμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs suntágmasi (dative plural)
toîs suntágmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σύ̆ντᾰγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σύ̆ντᾰγμᾰ (singular vocative)
σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σῠντᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σύνταγμα (sýntagma)

→ English: syntagma

→ Finnish: syntagma

→ French: syntagme

→ Italian: sintagma

→ Portuguese: sintagma

→ Russian: синта́гма (sintágma)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: сѵнтаґма (sintagma), синтагма (sintahma)
Belarusian: сінта́гма (sintáhma)
Ukrainian: синта́гма (syntáhma)

→ Serbo-Croatian: sìntagma

→ Spanish: sintagma

From συντάσσω (suntássō, “to put together”) + -μα (-ma) and συν- (sun-) + τάγμα (tágma, “command, order”)

af

(military) a body of troops, squadron, contingent

(politics, government) the constitution of a state

a regular collection of writings, a work, book, doctrine


γεννήτρια

grc-noun

γεννήτρια • (gennḗtria) f (genitive γεννητρίᾱς); first declension

gennḗtria (romanization)
γεννητρίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ γεννήτριᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γεννητρίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γεννήτριαι (nominative plural)
τῆς γεννητρίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν γεννητρίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γεννητριῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γεννητρίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γεννητρίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γεννητρίαις (dative plural)
τὴν γεννήτριᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ γεννητρίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γεννητρίᾱς (accusative plural)
γεννήτριᾰ (singular vocative)
γεννητρίᾱ (dual vocative)
γεννήτριαι (plural vocative)

From γεννάω (gennáō, “to beget”) + -τρια (-tria, feminine agent noun suffix).


θεσμός

grc-noun

θεσμός • (thesmós) m (genitive θεσμοῦ); second declension

thesmós (romanization)
θεσμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θεσμός (nominative singular)
τὼ θεσμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θεσμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θεσμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θεσμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θεσμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θεσμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θεσμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θεσμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θεσμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θεσμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θεσμούς (accusative plural)
θεσμέ (singular vocative)
θεσμώ (dual vocative)
θεσμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: θεσμός (thesmós)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-dʰmó-s, from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Welsh deddf (“act, statute”).


καμάρα

κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ • (kamárā) f (genitive κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς); first declension

κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (canonical)
kamárā (romanization)
κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰμᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰμᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰμᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰμᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰμᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰμᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

Greek: καμάρα (kamára)

desc

→ Arabic: كَمَرَة (kamara), قُمْرَة (qumra)

→ Latin: camara, camera (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Italian: Cammarata

→? Old Georgian: კამარაჲ (ḳamaray)

→? Georgian: კამარა (ḳamara)

An Old Iranian borrowing, from Proto-Iranian *kamarā- (“something curved”), from *kamárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kmárati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”).
Compare Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬁 (kamarā, “girdle”),
Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kml /kamar/, “waist; belt, girdle”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫞𐫖𐫡 (qmr /kamar/, “vault”), Persian کمر (kamar, “waist; belt, girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”) and the Old Armenian loanword կամար (kamar, “girdle; arch, vault”). The Hesychian gloss καμαρίς (kamarís, “woman's ornament”) is also from Iranian.

cog

anything with an arched cover such as a covered carriage or boat, a vaulted chamber; vault, span


ἱπποκρατία

grc-noun

ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ

ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς

ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ • (hippokratíā) f (genitive ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
hippokratíā (romanization)
ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́αι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῐ̔πποκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ

From ῐ̔́ππος (híppos, “horse”) + -κρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (-kratíā, “rule”).


χηλή

grc-noun

χηλή • (khēlḗ) f (genitive χηλῆς); first declension

khēlḗ (romanization)
χηλῆς (genitive)
ἡ χηλή (nominative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ χηλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς χηλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χηλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς χηλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν χηλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
χηλή (singular vocative)
χηλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
χηλαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: chele

→ English: chela

→ Italian: chela

Of unclear origin. Traditionally connected with χηρᾰμός (khēramós, “hole, hollow”), χήμη (khḗmē, “yawning, gaping”), and χάσκω (kháskō, “I yawn, gape”), but the supposed unifying connections are obscure. Compare also χελώνη (khelṓnē, “turtle”), also of unclear origin, which could be related through Pre-Greek if it originally referred to the hard shell.


μῖσος

μῖσος • (mîsos) n (genitive μῑ́σους); third declension

mîsos (romanization)
μῑ́σους (genitive)
τὸ μῖσος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῑ́σει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μῑ́ση (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῑ́σους (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῑσοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῑσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μῑ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν μῑσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῑ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
μῑ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs mī́sesi (dative plural)
toîs mī́sesin (dative plural)
τὸ μῖσος (accusative singular)
τὼ μῑ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μῑ́ση (accusative plural)
μῖσος (singular vocative)
μῑ́σει (dual vocative)
μῑ́ση (plural vocative)

Greek: μίσος (mísos)

From Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”). However, Beekes argues in favor of a Pre-Greek origin.


ἀνάγκη

grc-noun

ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη • (anánkē) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης); first declension

ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη (canonical)
anánkē (romanization)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓νᾰγκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι (plural vocative)

Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)

Pontic Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)

→ Laz: ანანკენი (ananǩeni)

see

* and see: Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē, “(Goddess of) Fate”)

Of uncertain origin, though likely from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach, attain”) and cognate with Celtic terms like Old Irish éicen (“force, necessity”) (see there for more cognates), as well as perhaps Proto-Germanic *anhtō (“persecution”). A substrate origin is also possible, though not favored.


ἴχνος

grc-noun

ἴχνος • (íkhnos) n (genitive ἴχνους); third declension

íkhnos (romanization)
ἴχνους (genitive)
τὸ ῐ̓́χνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́χνει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́χνη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̓́χνους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓χνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓χνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̓́χνει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓χνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̓́χνεσῐ (dative plural)
ῐ̓́χνεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs íkhnesi (dative plural)
toîs íkhnesin (dative plural)
τὸ ῐ̓́χνος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́χνει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́χνη (accusative plural)
ῐ̓́χνος (singular vocative)
ῐ̓́χνει (dual vocative)
ῐ̓́χνη (plural vocative)

→⇒ English: ichno- (learned), e.g. ichnology, ichnogram, ichneumon

Greek: ίχνος (íchnos)

Uncertain. Beekes states a formation in *-nos- like ἔρνος (érnos), κτῆνος (ktênos). The first part could be cognate with Ancient Greek οἴχομαι (oíkhomai, “to go (away), leave, disappear, die”) or Ancient Greek οἰχνέω (oikhnéō, “to go, come, walk, approach”), which are connected to Old Armenian իջանեմ (iǰanem, “to come down, descend”) and Tocharian B yku (“gone”); furthermore compare Old Irish óegi (“guest”) and Lithuanian eigà (“course”), for perhaps Proto-Indo-European *h₁eygʰ- (“to go”), a possible extension of *h₁ey- with similar meaning. However, this connection is disputed by other sources.


ὕβρις

grc-noun

ῠ̔́βρις • (húbris) f (genitive ῠ̔́βρεως or ῠ̔́βριος); third declension

ῠ̔́βρις (canonical)
húbris (romanization)
ῠ̔́βρεως (genitive)
ῠ̔́βριος (genitive)
ἡ ῠ̔́βρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́βρει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῠ̔́βρεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῠ̔́βρεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔βρέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔́βρεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῠ̔́βρει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔βρέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῠ̔́βρεσῐ (dative plural)
ῠ̔́βρεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs húbresi (dative plural)
taîs húbresin (dative plural)
τὴν ῠ̔́βρῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́βρει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῠ̔́βρεις (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́βρῐ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́βρει (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́βρεις (plural vocative)

→ English: hubris

Greek: ύβρις f (ývris)

βρίζω (vrízo, “to insult, to curse”)

βρισιά f (vrisiá, “insult, curse”)

→ Latin: hybrida (see there for further descendants)

→ English: hybrid

Unknown; possibly Pre-Greek, given its unusual shape and the lack of a convincing Indo-European etymology. Other proposed explanations include:
* The first element ῠ̔́- (hú-) being from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“outward, up”) (supported e.g. by Frisk), with the second element perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy, strong”) (whence βαρύς (barús), βριαρός (briarós). etc.).
* Per Nikolaev, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)i̯oHgʷ-ri-, assuming a relation to ἥβη (hḗbē, “vigour of youth, sexual maturity, adolescence”). Beekes rejects this on the grounds that it would be expected to yield *ὠβρι- (*ōbri-).


ῥεῦμα

grc-noun

ῥεῦμᾰ • (rheûma) n (genitive ῥεύμᾰτος); third declension

ῥεῦμᾰ (canonical)
rheûma (romanization)
ῥεύμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ῥεῦμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥεύμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥεύμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥεύμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥευμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥευμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥεύμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥευμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥεύμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ῥεύμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rheúmasi (dative plural)
toîs rheúmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ῥεῦμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥεύμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥεύμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥεῦμᾰ (singular vocative)
ῥεύμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ῥεύμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ρέμα (réma) , ρεύμα (révma)

→ Latin: rheuma (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Hellenic *hréumə, likely inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sréwmn̥, from *srew- (“to flow”) + *-mn̥; equivalent to ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow”) + -μα (-ma). Compare the related Proto-Indo-European *srówmos, whence also Old English stream. See also ῥυθμός (rhuthmós).


μῖμος

μῖμος • (mîmos) m (genitive μῑ́μου); second declension

mîmos (romanization)
μῑ́μου (genitive)
ὁ μῖμος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῑ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῖμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῑ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῑ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῑ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῑ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῑ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῑ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῖμον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῑ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῑ́μους (accusative plural)
μῖμε (singular vocative)
μῑ́μω (dual vocative)
μῖμοι (plural vocative)

→ English: meme, → English: mime, → English: mimic

→ Latin: mīmus (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: միմոս (mimos)
Armenian: միմոս (mimos)

→ Old Georgian: მიმოსი (mimosi)

→ Russian: мим (mim)

mime (a drama of everyday life without choir)


ἐποχή

grc-noun

ἐποχή • (epokhḗ) f (genitive ἐποχῆς); first declension

epokhḗ (romanization)
ἐποχῆς (genitive)
ἡ ἐποχή (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐποχᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐποχαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐποχῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐποχαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐποχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐποχῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐποχαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐποχαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ἐποχήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐποχᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐποχᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ἐποχή (singular vocative)
ἐποχᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ἐποχαί (plural vocative)

→ French: époque

→ Latin: epocha

Greek: εποχή (epochí)

From ἐπέχω (epékhō, “to stop, hold back”) + -η (-ē).

affix

(philosophy) suspension of judgement
suspense of payment

stoppage, pause
period of vibration (in musical theory)


φάος

grc-noun

φάος • (pháos) n (genitive φᾰ́εος); third declension

pháos (romanization)
φᾰ́εος (genitive)
τὸ φᾰ́ος (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́εε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́εᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰ́εος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰέων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰ́εῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰ́εσῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́εσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pháesi (dative plural)
toîs pháesin (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́ος (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́εε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́εᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ος (singular vocative)
φᾰ́εε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́εᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰáwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂os, from *bʰeh₂- (“shine”).
Compare φαεινός (phaeinós), φάω (pháō), and φαίνω (phaínō). Cognates include Latin iubar (“radiance, light”); Sanskrit भास् (bhās, “light, brilliance”) and भास (bhāsa, “luster, light”); and Old English basu (“purple”).

cog

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.24

light, especially daylight
the light of a torch, fire, a light

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.429

light, especially daylight
of the light or time of day

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.371

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.605

380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 515E

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.61

750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 153

c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 447

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 10.75

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.515B

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.615

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.6

(figurative or poetic) delight, deliverance, happiness, victory, glory, etc.

ante 177 CE, Pollux, Onomasticon 2.163


πτυχή

grc-noun

πτῠχή • (ptukhḗ) f (genitive πτῠχῆς); first declension

πτῠχή (canonical)
ptukhḗ (romanization)
πτῠχῆς (genitive)
ἡ πτῠχή (nominative singular)
τὼ πτῠχᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πτῠχαί (nominative plural)
τῆς πτῠχῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτῠχαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτῠχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πτῠχῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτῠχαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πτῠχαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πτῠχήν (accusative singular)
τὼ πτῠχᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πτῠχᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πτῠχή (singular vocative)
πτῠχᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πτῠχαί (plural vocative)

af

πτῠ́σσω (ptússō) + -η (-ē)


στάσις

grc-noun

στᾰ́σῐς • (stásis) f (genitive στᾰ́σεως or στᾰ́σῐος); third declension

στᾰ́σῐς (canonical)
stásis (romanization)
στᾰ́σεως (genitive)
στᾰ́σῐος (genitive)
ἡ στᾰ́σῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ στᾰ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ στᾰ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς στᾰ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν στᾰσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στᾰ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ στᾰ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν στᾰσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στᾰ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
στᾰ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs stásesi (dative plural)
taîs stásesin (dative plural)
τὴν στᾰ́σῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ στᾰ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στᾰ́σεις (accusative plural)
στᾰ́σῐ (singular vocative)
στᾰ́σει (dual vocative)
στᾰ́σεις (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: estasi, -stasi

→ English: stasis

→ French: stase

→ Dutch: stase

→ German: Stasis

Greek: στάση (stási)

→ Spanish: estasis

From Proto-Hellenic *státis, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (whence also Latin statiō, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃 (staþs, “place”), and Old English stede (English stead)), from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Equivalent to ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”) + -σῐς (-sis, verbal noun suffix).

affix

a standing, placing, setting
standing stone, pillar

a standing, placing, setting
erection (of a building), building

a standing, placing, setting
(figurative) standing, stature

a standing, placing, setting
standing, stature

a standing, placing, setting
position, posture, station
stable, stall

a standing, placing, setting
position, posture, station
compass position

a standing, placing, setting
position, posture, station
posture of a boxer
(figurative) position of a litigant

a standing, placing, setting
position, posture, station
posture of a boxer
position of a litigant

a standing, placing, setting
position, posture, station
position or opinion of a philosopher

a standing, placing, setting
state, condition

party formed for sedition, faction
sedition, discord

party formed for sedition, faction
division, dissent


εὐφορία

grc-noun

εὐφορῐ́ᾱ • (euphoríā) f (genitive εὐφορῐ́ᾱς); first declension

εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
euphoríā (romanization)
εὐφορῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ εὐφορῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς εὐφορῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν εὐφορῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εὐφορῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ εὐφορῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν εὐφορῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς εὐφορῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν εὐφορῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς εὐφορῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
εὐφορῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
εὐφορῐ́αι (plural vocative)

From εὔφορος (eúphoros, “bearing well”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from εὖ (eû, “well”) + φέρω (phérō, “to bear”).


παρῳδία

grc-noun

πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ • (parōidíā) f (genitive πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱς); first declension

πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
parōidíā (romanization)
πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρῳδῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρῳδῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρῳδῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρῳδῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρῳδῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
πᾰρῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
πᾰρῳδῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: παρωδία (parodía)

→ Latin: parōdia

Catalan: paròdia

Portuguese: paródia

Spanish: parodia

af

πᾰρῳδός (parōidós) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)


μηχάνημα

head

μηχάνημα • (mēkhánēma)


κλάσμα

grc-noun

κλᾰ́σμᾰ • (klásma) n (genitive κλᾰ́σμᾰτος); third declension

κλᾰ́σμᾰ (canonical)
klásma (romanization)
κλᾰ́σμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλᾰ́σμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́σμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰ́σμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰ́σμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰ́σμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́σμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klásmasi (dative plural)
toîs klásmasin (dative plural)
τὸ κλᾰ́σμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́σμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́σμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́σμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́σμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλάσμα (klásma)

From κλᾰ́ω (kláō, “to break”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


κλάδος

κλᾰ́δος • (kládos) m (genitive κλᾰ́δου); second declension

κλᾰ́δος (canonical)
kládos (romanization)
κλᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δον (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δε (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δοι (plural vocative)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs klasí (dative plural)
toîs klasín (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)
κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dual genitive)
κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
κλᾰδέων (genitive plural)
κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dative dual)
κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰδέεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κλᾰδῶν/κλᾰδέων

κλᾰσῐ́/κλᾰ́δεσσῐ/κλᾰ́δεσῐ/κλᾰδέεσσῐ

→ English: clade

→ Czech: klad

→ Esperanto: klado

→ Estonian: klaad

→ Finnish: kladi

→ French: clade

→ Polish: klad

→ Portuguese: clado

→ Spanish: clado

→ Greek: κλάδος (kládos) (learned)

→ New Latin: cladus

→ English: cladus

→ Italian: clado

Apparently from a Proto-Hellenic *klə́dos, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥d-o-s (“piece of wood”), which is traditionally linked to *kelh₂- (“to break”). Often compared with Proto-Slavic *kòlda (“block, log”) and Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”). Beekes is skeptical enough of Indo-European origin and particularly the connection of the reconstructed root to *kelh₂- to suggest a Pre-Greek origin, though not skeptical enough to reject an Indo-European origin entirely.
Other potential cognates include Latin clādes, Old Irish caill, Macedonian клада (klada).

der

(botany) young slip or shoot of a tree, such as is broken off for grafting

olive-branch which was wound round with wool and presented by suppliants


πρωταγωνιστής

grc-noun

πρωτᾰγωνῐστής

πρωτᾰγωνῐστοῦ

πρωτᾰγωνῐστής • (prōtagōnistḗs) m (genitive πρωτᾰγωνῐστοῦ); first declension

πρωτᾰγωνῐστής (canonical)
prōtagōnistḗs (romanization)
πρωτᾰγωνῐστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πρωτᾰγωνῐστής (nominative singular)
τὼ πρωτᾰγωνῐστᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ πρωτᾰγωνῐσταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρωτᾰγωνῐστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρωτᾰγωνῐσταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρωτᾰγωνῐστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πρωτᾰγωνῐστῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρωτᾰγωνῐσταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρωτᾰγωνῐσταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πρωτᾰγωνῐστήν (accusative singular)
τὼ πρωτᾰγωνῐστᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πρωτᾰγωνῐστᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πρωτᾰγωνῐστᾰ́ (singular vocative)
πρωτᾰγωνῐστᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πρωτᾰγωνῐσταί (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πρωτᾰγωνῐστής

→ French: protagoniste (learned)

desc

πρωταγωνιστής

Greek: πρωταγωνιστής (protagonistís)

From πρῶτος (prôtos) + ᾰ̓γωνῐστής (agōnistḗs).

af

(theater) lead actor (actor who plays the main role)


καταλύτης

grc-noun

κᾰτᾰλύτης • (katalútēs) m (genitive κᾰτᾰλύτου); first declension

κᾰτᾰλύτης (canonical)
katalútēs (romanization)
κᾰτᾰλύτου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰτᾰλύτης (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰλύτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰτᾰλύται (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰτᾰλύτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰλύταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰτᾰλυτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰτᾰλύτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰλύταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰτᾰλύταις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰτᾰλύτην (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰλύτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰτᾰλύτᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰτᾰλύτᾰ (singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰλύτᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰτᾰλύται (plural vocative)

From καταλύω (katalúō, “loosen, destroy; stay the night”) + -της (-tēs, noun-forming suffix)