μαρῖνος

grc-noun

μαρῖνος • (marînos) m (genitive μαρῑ́νου); second declension

marînos (romanization)
μαρῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ μαρῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ μαρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ μαρῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μαρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ μαρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μαρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν μαρῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ μαρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μαρῑ́νους (accusative plural)
μαρῖνε (singular vocative)
μαρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
μαρῖνοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the suffix "-ῖνος" is a proof of the Pre-Greek origin of the word.

unknown kind of fish, perhaps a barbel or a flatfish


ἀγός

ἀγός • (agós) m (genitive ἀγοῦ); second declension

agós (romanization)
ἀγοῦ (genitive)
ἀγός (nominative singular)
ἀγώ (dual nominative)
ἀγοί (nominative plural)
ἀγοῦ (genitive singular)
ἀγοῖο (genitive singular)
ἀγόο (genitive singular)
ἀγοῖῐν (dual genitive)
ἀγῶν (genitive plural)
ἀγῷ (dative singular)
ἀγοῖῐν (dative dual)
ἀγοῖσῐ (dative plural)
ἀγοῖσῐν (dative plural)
ἀγοῖς (dative plural)
agoîsi (dative plural)
agoîsin (dative plural)
agoîs (dative plural)
ἀγόν (accusative singular)
ἀγώ (accusative dual)
ἀγούς (accusative plural)
ἀγέ (singular vocative)
ἀγώ (dual vocative)
ἀγοί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)ǵ-ó-s (literally “driver”); compare Sanskrit अज (ajá, “leader”).


νοσοκομεῖον

grc-noun

νοσοκομεῖον • (nosokomeîon) n (genitive νοσοκομείου); second declension

nosokomeîon (romanization)
νοσοκομείου (genitive)
τὸ νοσοκομεῖον (nominative singular)
τὼ νοσοκομείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νοσοκομεῖᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νοσοκομείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νοσοκομείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νοσοκομείων (genitive plural)
τῷ νοσοκομείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νοσοκομείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νοσοκομείοις (dative plural)
τὸ νοσοκομεῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ νοσοκομείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νοσοκομεῖᾰ (accusative plural)
νοσοκομεῖον (singular vocative)
νοσοκομείω (dual vocative)
νοσοκομεῖᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: νοσοκομείο (nosokomeío)

→ Latin: nosocomīum

From νοσοκομέω (nosokoméō, “to be under medical treatment”) + -εῖον (-eîon).


κάναβος

grc-noun

κάναβος • (kánabos) m (genitive κανάβου); second declension

kánabos (romanization)
κανάβου (genitive)
ὁ κάναβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κανάβω (dual nominative)
οἱ κάναβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κανάβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κανάβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κανάβων (genitive plural)
τῷ κανάβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κανάβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κανάβοις (dative plural)
τὸν κάναβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κανάβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κανάβους (accusative plural)
κάναβε (singular vocative)
κανάβω (dual vocative)
κάναβοι (plural vocative)

Greek: κάναβος (kánavos)

The formation is similar to κάκκαβος (kákkabos), κόλλαβος (kóllabos) and σίττυβος (síttubos). Perhaps from κάννα (kánna, “reed”), if properly a reed frame. However, given the variation "ν/νν", the word would be Pre-Greek.

wooden framework round which artists moulded wax or clay, block figure

mannequin or rough drawing of the human frame


βράβυλον

βρᾰ́βῠλον • (brábulon) n (genitive βρᾰβῠ́λου); second declension

βρᾰ́βῠλον (canonical)
brábulon (romanization)
βρᾰβῠ́λου (genitive)
τὸ βρᾰ́βῠλον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρᾰβῠ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́βῠλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρᾰβῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρᾰβῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρᾰβῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρᾰβῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρᾰβῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρᾰβῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ βρᾰ́βῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρᾰβῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́βῠλᾰ (accusative plural)
βρᾰ́βῠλον (singular vocative)
βρᾰβῠ́λω (dual vocative)
βρᾰ́βῠλᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown, but maybe a loanword from Pre-Greek.

Prunus spinosa
Prunus spinosa#Translingual


ψαῦσμα

ψαῦσμᾰ • (psaûsma) n (genitive ψαύσμᾰτος); third declension

ψαῦσμᾰ (canonical)
psaûsma (romanization)
ψαύσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ψαῦσμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ψαύσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ψαύσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψαύσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψαυσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψαυσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ψαύσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψαυσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψαύσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ψαύσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs psaúsmasi (dative plural)
toîs psaúsmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ψαῦσμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ψαύσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ψαύσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ψαῦσμᾰ (singular vocative)
ψαύσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ψαύσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ψαύω (psaúō, “to touch, to graze”) + -μα (-ma).


χείρεσσι

grc-noun form

χείρεσσῐ • (kheíressi)

χείρεσσῐ (canonical)
kheíressi (romanization)


Ἰκαρίοιο

Ῑ̓κᾰρίοιο • (Īkaríoio)

Ῑ̓κᾰρίοιο (canonical)
Īkaríoio (romanization)

(Epic) genitive singular of Ῑ̓κάριος (Īkários)


μητρί

μητρί • (mētrí)


οἴνῳ

οἴνῳ • (oínōi)


μοῖρ'

μοῖρ’ • (moîr’)


ἄρουραν

ἄρουρᾰν • (árouran)

ἄρουρᾰν (canonical)
árouran (romanization)


μαλάχη

grc-noun

μαλάχη • (malákhē) f (genitive μαλάχης); first declension

malákhē (romanization)
μαλάχης (genitive)
ἡ μαλάχη (nominative singular)
τὼ μαλάχᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μαλάχαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μαλάχης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαλάχαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαλαχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μαλάχῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαλάχαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μαλάχαις (dative plural)
τὴν μαλάχην (accusative singular)
τὼ μαλάχᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μαλάχᾱς (accusative plural)
μαλάχη (singular vocative)
μαλάχᾱ (dual vocative)
μαλάχαι (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: μολόχα (molócha)

Italiot Greek: μολόχι

Pontic Greek: μολόχ̌ι (molóši)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: մօլօխ (mōlōx), մոլոշ (mološ)

desctree

→ Old Georgian: მოლოქი (moloki), მოლოქაჲ (molokay), მალოქი (maloki)
Georgian: მოლოქა (moloka), მოლოქი (moloki)

Uncertain. Likely related to or the sources of Latin malva, Middle Armenian բաղբակ (baġbak) and Georgian ბალბა (balba). Suggested to be from a Semitic source; compare Hebrew מַלּוּחַ (mallū́aḥ, “saltbush”), Aramaic מַלוּחָא / ܡܲܠܘܼܚܵܐ (mallūḥā, “saltbush”), Arabic مُلَّاح (mullāḥ, “seepweed”), however these are of the Amaranthaceae family instead of the Malvaceae and have been pointed towards without acquaintance with the Armenian and Georgian.

cog

Aramaic מַלוּחָא


κόβαλος

grc-noun

κόβᾱλος • (kóbālos) m (genitive κοβᾱ́λου); second declension

κόβᾱλος (canonical)
kóbālos (romanization)
κοβᾱ́λου (genitive)
ὁ κόβᾱλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοβᾱ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόβᾱλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοβᾱ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοβᾱ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοβᾱ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοβᾱ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοβᾱ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοβᾱ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόβᾱλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοβᾱ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοβᾱ́λους (accusative plural)
κόβᾱλε (singular vocative)
κοβᾱ́λω (dual vocative)
κόβᾱλοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the word is probably of Pre-Greek origin.

(in the plural) mischievous goblins invoked by rogues


Νάβις

Νάβῐς • (Nábis) m (genitive Νάβῐδος); third declension

Νάβῐς (canonical)
Nábis (romanization)
Νάβῐδος (genitive)
ὁ Νᾰ́βῐς (nominative singular)
τοῦ Νᾰ́βῐδος (genitive singular)
τῷ Νᾰ́βῐδῐ (dative singular)
τὸν Νᾰ́βῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
Νᾰ́βῐς (singular vocative)

→ Latin: Nabis

a male given name, equivalent to English Nabis, held by


ἄρουρα

ἄρουρᾰ • (ároura) f (genitive ἀρούρᾱς); first declension

ἄρουρᾰ (canonical)
ároura (romanization)
ἀρούρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἄρουρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρούρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄρουραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρούρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρούραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρουρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρούρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρούραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρούραις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄρουρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρούρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρούρᾱς (accusative plural)
ἄρουρᾰ (singular vocative)
ἀρούρᾱ (dual vocative)
ἄρουραι (plural vocative)
ἄρουρᾰ (nominative singular)
ἀρούρᾱ (dual nominative)
ἄρουραι (nominative plural)
ἀρούρης (genitive singular)
ἀρούραιν (dual genitive)
ἀρούραιῐν (dual genitive)
ἀρούρῃῐν (dual genitive)
aroúrain (dual genitive)
aroúraiin (dual genitive)
aroúrēiin (dual genitive)
ἀρουρᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
ἀρουρέ͜ων (genitive plural)
ἀρουρῶν (genitive plural)
ἀρούρῃ (dative singular)
ἀρούραιν (dative dual)
ἀρούραιῐν (dative dual)
ἀρούρῃῐν (dative dual)
aroúrain (dative dual)
aroúraiin (dative dual)
aroúrēiin (dative dual)
ἀρούρῃσῐ (dative plural)
ἀρούρῃσῐν (dative plural)
ἀρούρῃς (dative plural)
ἀρούραις (dative plural)
aroúrēisi (dative plural)
aroúrēisin (dative plural)
aroúrēis (dative plural)
aroúrais (dative plural)
ἄρουρᾰν (accusative singular)
ἀρούρᾱ (accusative dual)
ἀρούρᾱς (accusative plural)
ἄρουρᾰ (singular vocative)
ἀρούρᾱ (dual vocative)
ἄρουραι (plural vocative)

→ English: arura

From Proto-Hellenic *ároura, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₃-w-rh₂ (“cultivated land”); cognate with Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvárā). The sense ‘arura’ is a semantic loan from Egyptian sṯꜣt (“arura”).

sl

ἀπἔλυσεν δέ τά ἱερά καί τῆς λογιζομένης τῆς ἀρτάβης τῇ ἀρούρᾳ τῆς ἱερᾶς γῆς

he also released the temples of the ardeb-per-arura tax on sacred land

apélusen dé tá hierá kaí tês logizoménēs tês artábēs têi aroúrāi tês hierâs gês


κάμινος

grc-noun

κάμῑνος • (kámīnos) f (genitive καμῑ́νου); second declension

κάμῑνος (canonical)
kámīnos (romanization)
καμῑ́νου (genitive)
ἡ κάμῑνος (nominative singular)
τὼ καμῑ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ κάμῑνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς καμῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν καμῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καμῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ καμῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν καμῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καμῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν κάμῑνον (accusative singular)
τὼ καμῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καμῑ́νους (accusative plural)
κάμῑνε (singular vocative)
καμῑ́νω (dual vocative)
κάμῑνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: κάμινος (káminos)

→ Romanian: cămin (or via Slavic)

→ Aramaic: קמינא / ܩܡܝܢܐ (qamīnā, qāmēynā), קאמינא / ܩܐܡܝܢܐ (qamīnā, qāmēynā)

→ Arabic: قَمِين (qamīn)

→ Latin: camīnus (see there for further descendants)

A technical loan of unknown origin. The comparison with καμάρα (kamára, “vaulted chamber”) has little value, while the one with Proto-Slavic *kamy (“stone”) is possible. Note that the suffix "-ῑνος" is typical of Pre-Greek.

unk

unknown


Ἰουλίς

grc-noun

Ἰουλίς • (Ioulís) f (genitive Ἰουλίδος); third declension

Ioulís (romanization)
Ἰουλίδος (genitive)
ἡ Ἰουλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τῆς Ἰουλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τῇ Ἰουλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τὴν Ἰουλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
Ἰουλῐ́ς (singular vocative)

Greek: Ιουλίς (Ioulís)

→ Latin: Iūlis


σχῖνος

σχῖνος • (skhînos) f (genitive σχῑ́νου); second declension

skhînos (romanization)
σχῑ́νου (genitive)
ἡ σχῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ σχῑ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ σχῖνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς σχῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σχῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σχῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ σχῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σχῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σχῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν σχῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σχῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σχῑ́νους (accusative plural)
σχῖνε (singular vocative)
σχῑ́νω (dual vocative)
σχῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σχίνος (schínos)

→ Latin: schinus

→ Translingual: Schinus

According to Beekes, undoubtedly of Pre-Greek origin.

Pistacia lentiscus
Pistacia lentiscus#Translingual


νάρτη

νᾰ́ρτη • (nártē) f (genitive νᾰ́ρτης); first declension

νᾰ́ρτη (canonical)
nártē (romanization)
νᾰ́ρτης (genitive)
ἡ νᾰ́ρτη (nominative singular)
τὼ νᾰ́ρτᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νᾰ́ρται (nominative plural)
τῆς νᾰ́ρτης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νᾰ́ρταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νᾰρτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νᾰ́ρτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νᾰ́ρταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νᾰ́ρταις (dative plural)
τὴν νᾰ́ρτην (accusative singular)
τὼ νᾰ́ρτᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νᾰ́ρτᾱς (accusative plural)
νᾰ́ρτη (singular vocative)
νᾰ́ρτᾱ (dual vocative)
νᾰ́ρται (plural vocative)

Probably related to νάρδος (nárdos, “nard”).


χωμάτων

grc-noun form

χωμάτων • (khōmátōn)


χώματος

χώμᾰτος • (khṓmatos)

χώμᾰτος (canonical)
khṓmatos (romanization)


χώματα

χώμᾰτᾰ • (khṓmata)

χώμᾰτᾰ (canonical)
khṓmata (romanization)

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of χῶμᾰ (khôma)


ζώῳ

ζώῳ • (zṓōi)

/zdɔ̌ː.ɔːi̯/

/zdɔ̌ː.ɔːi̯/


ζῴῳ

ζῴῳ • (zṓiōi)

/zdɔ̌ːi̯.ɔːi̯/

/zdɔ̌ːi̯.ɔːi̯/


ἐμπόριον

grc-noun

ἐμπόρῐον • (empórion) n (genitive ἐμπορῐ́ου); second declension

ἐμπόρῐον (canonical)
empórion (romanization)
ἐμπορῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἐμπόρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμπορῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐμπόρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐμπορῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμπορῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμπορῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐμπορῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμπορῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐμπορῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐμπόρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμπορῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐμπόρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐμπόρῐον (singular vocative)
ἐμπορῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἐμπόρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: emporium

From ἔμπορος (émporos, “merchant”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

trading station, mart, factory, emporium

market centre for a district without a city


κονίῃσιν

grc-noun form

κονίῃσῐν • (koníēisin)

κονίῃσῐν (canonical)
koníēisin (romanization)

dative plural of κονίη (koníē) with movable nu


σιγῇ

σῑγῇ • (sīgêi)

/siː.ɡɛ̂ːi̯/

/siː.ɡɛ̂ːi̯/


ὄγμος

grc-noun

ὄγμος • (ógmos) m (genitive ὄγμου); second declension

ógmos (romanization)
ὄγμου (genitive)
ὁ ὄγμος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄγμω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄγμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄγμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὄγμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὄγμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄγμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὄγμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄγμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄγμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄγμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὄγμους (accusative plural)
ὄγμε (singular vocative)
ὄγμω (dual vocative)
ὄγμοι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óǵmos, from the root *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”). Cognate with Sanskrit अज्म (ájma, “course, passage”). Related to the verb ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”).


κράμβος

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (genitive κράμβου); second declension

krámbos (romanization)
κράμβου (genitive)
ὁ κρᾰ́μβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κρᾰ́μβω (dual nominative)
οἱ κρᾰ́μβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρᾰ́μβων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρᾰ́μβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρᾰ́μβοις (dative plural)
τὸν κρᾰ́μβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κρᾰ́μβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρᾰ́μβους (accusative plural)
κρᾰ́μβε (singular vocative)
κρᾰ́μβω (dual vocative)
κρᾰ́μβοι (plural vocative)

blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe


ἴουλος

ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension

íoulos (romanization)
ἰούλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴουλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴουλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰούλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰούλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰούλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰούλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴουλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰούλους (accusative plural)
ἴουλε (singular vocative)
ἰούλω (dual vocative)
ἴουλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)

→ Latin: iūlus

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.

der

down, the first growth of the whiskers and beard

creature like the centipede, perhaps the woodlouse or the earthworm


ὄρεος

grc-noun form

ὄρεος • (óreos)

(Epic, Ionic) genitive singular of ὄρος (óros)


κρειῶν

κρειῶν • (kreiôn)


ὀνείατα

ὀνείᾰτᾰ • (oneíata)

ὀνείᾰτᾰ (canonical)
oneíata (romanization)

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ὄνειᾰρ (óneiar)


ὁδοῖο

ὁδοῖο • (hodoîo)

(Epic) genitive singular of ὁδός (hodós)


ζίζυφον

grc-noun

ζίζῠφον • (zízuphon) n (genitive ζιζύφου); second declension

ζίζῠφον (canonical)
zízuphon (romanization)
ζιζύφου (genitive)
τὸ ζίζῠφον (nominative singular)
τὼ ζιζῠ́φω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ζίζῠφᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζιζῠ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζιζῠ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζιζῠ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ ζιζῠ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζιζῠ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζιζῠ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸ ζίζῠφον (accusative singular)
τὼ ζιζῠ́φω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ζίζῠφᾰ (accusative plural)
ζίζῠφον (singular vocative)
ζιζῠ́φω (dual vocative)
ζίζῠφᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: ζίζιφο (zízifo), τζίτζιφο (tzítzifo)

→ Albanian: xinxife

desctree

→ Arabic: زَيْزَفُون (zayzafūn)
→ Persian: زیزفون (zizofun)

→ Latin: zīzyphum, zīzyphus (see there for further descendants)

→ Classical Syriac: ܙܽܘܙܦܴܐ (zūzp̄ā)

→ Arabic: زِفْزِف (zifzif)

⇒ Arabic: زُفَيْزَف (zufayzaf)
→ Galician: azufaifo
→ Portuguese: açofeifa, açofaifa
→ Spanish: azofaifa, azufaifa

Of unknown origin. Maybe of Oriental origin, but Beekes doesn't dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, comparing the word with σέσυφος (sésuphos) and Σίσυφος (Sísuphos).

unk

unknown

Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba#Translingual


πύρεθρον

grc-noun

πύρεθρον • (púrethron) n (genitive πυρέθρου); second declension

púrethron (romanization)
πυρέθρου (genitive)
τὸ πύρεθρον (nominative singular)
τὼ πυρέθρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πύρεθρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πυρέθρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πυρέθροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πυρέθρων (genitive plural)
τῷ πυρέθρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πυρέθροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πυρέθροις (dative plural)
τὸ πύρεθρον (accusative singular)
τὼ πυρέθρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πύρεθρᾰ (accusative plural)
πύρεθρον (singular vocative)
πυρέθρω (dual vocative)
πύρεθρᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: pyrethrum

Translingual: Pyrethrum

From πῦρ (pûr, “fire”), because of its warming effect.

Anacyclus pyrethrum
Anacyclus pyrethrum#Translingual

pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum)


λύθρον

λύθρον • (lúthron) n (genitive λύθρου); second declension

lúthron (romanization)
λύθρου (genitive)
τὸ λῠ́θρον (nominative singular)
τὼ λῠ́θρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῠ́θρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῠ́θροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῠ́θρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῠ́θρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῠ́θροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῠ́θροις (dative plural)
τὸ λῠ́θρον (accusative singular)
τὼ λῠ́θρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ (accusative plural)
λῠ́θρον (singular vocative)
λῠ́θρω (dual vocative)
λῠ́θρᾰ (plural vocative)

Translingual: Lythrum

From Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”), the same root of λούω (loúō, “to wash”), λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”), Latin lutum (“mire, mud”) and Albanian lym (“loam, clay”). Compare Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhira, “blood, gore”), in which case the color-word being the same is coincidence.


ὄνειαρ

ὄνειᾰρ • (óneiar) n (genitive ὄνειᾰτος); third declension

ὄνειᾰρ (canonical)
óneiar (romanization)
ὄνειᾰτος (genitive)
ὄνειᾰρ (nominative singular)
ὀνείᾰτε (dual nominative)
ὀνείᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
ὀνείᾰτος (genitive singular)
ὀνειᾰ́τοιῐν (dual genitive)
ὀνειᾰ́των (genitive plural)
ὀνείᾰτῐ (dative singular)
ὀνειᾰ́τοιῐν (dative dual)
ὀνείᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ὀνείᾰσῐν (dative plural)
ὀνειᾰ́τεσσῐ (dative plural)
ὀνειᾰ́τεσσῐν (dative plural)
ὀνειᾰ́τεσῐ (dative plural)
ὀνειᾰ́τεσῐν (dative plural)
oneíasi (dative plural)
oneíasin (dative plural)
oneiátessi (dative plural)
oneiátessin (dative plural)
oneiátesi (dative plural)
oneiátesin (dative plural)
ὄνειᾰρ (accusative singular)
ὀνείᾰτε (accusative dual)
ὀνείᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὄνειᾰρ (singular vocative)
ὀνείᾰτε (dual vocative)
ὀνείᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃neh₂- (“to enjoy”); compare ὀνίνημι (onínēmi, “to profit, benefit”) and Old English unnan (“to grant, bestow”).

der

(in the plural) victuals, viands, provisions


ὀνείαθ'

grc-noun form

ὀνείαθ’ • (oneíath’)

ὀνείαθ’ (canonical)
oneíath’ (romanization)

Apocopic form of ὀνείατα (oneíata) (used before the rough breathing)


αὐδήν

αὐδήν • (audḗn)


βιότοιο

βῐότοιο • (biótoio)

βῐότοιο (canonical)
biótoio (romanization)

(Epic) genitive singular of βῐ́οτος (bíotos)


δόμοισιν

δόμοισῐν • (dómoisin) m

δόμοισῐν (canonical)
dómoisin (romanization)

dative plural of δόμος (dómos, “house; household”)


χώρῳ

χώρῳ • (khṓrōi)

/kʰɔ̌ː.rɔːi̯/

/kʰɔ̌ː.rɔːi̯/


δόλῳ

δόλῳ • (dólōi)


ἔγχεος

ἔγχεος • (énkheos)

(Epic, Ionic) genitive singular of ἔγχος (énkhos)


ὄνομ'

head

ὄνομ’ • (ónom’)


δόμων

grc-noun form

δόμων • (dómōn) m

genitive plural of δόμος (dómos, “house; household”)


παίδων

παίδων • (paídōn)


μεγάρων

μεγάρων • (megárōn)


κλισίης

κλῐσίης • (klisíēs)

κλῐσίης (canonical)
klisíēs (romanization)


πλάστρον

grc-noun

πλάστρον • (plástron) n (genitive πλάστρου); second declension

plástron (romanization)
πλάστρου (genitive)
τὸ πλᾰ́στρον (nominative singular)
τὼ πλᾰ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πλᾰ́στρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλᾰ́στρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλᾰ́στροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλᾰ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ πλᾰ́στρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλᾰ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλᾰ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ πλᾰ́στρον (accusative singular)
τὼ πλᾰ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πλᾰ́στρᾰ (accusative plural)
πλᾰ́στρον (singular vocative)
πλᾰ́στρω (dual vocative)
πλᾰ́στρᾰ (plural vocative)

From πλάσσω (plássō, “to mould, form”) + -τρον (-tron).


σίττυβος

grc-noun

σίττυβος • (síttubos) m (genitive σιττύβου); second declension

síttubos (romanization)
σιττύβου (genitive)
ὁ σίττυβος (nominative singular)
τὼ σιττύβω (dual nominative)
οἱ σίττυβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σιττύβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σιττύβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σιττύβων (genitive plural)
τῷ σιττύβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σιττύβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σιττύβοις (dative plural)
τὸν σίττυβον (accusative singular)
τὼ σιττύβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σιττύβους (accusative plural)
σίττυβε (singular vocative)
σιττύβω (dual vocative)
σίττυβοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, this word is clearly Pre-Greek.


τοκήων

grc-noun form

τοκήων • (tokḗōn)

(Epic) genitive plural of τοκεύς (tokeús)


ἑλλέβορος

grc-noun

ἑλλέβορος • (helléboros) m (genitive ἑλλεβόρου); second declension

helléboros (romanization)
ἑλλεβόρου (genitive)
ὁ ἑλλέβορος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑλλεβόρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἑλλέβοροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἑλλεβόρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑλλεβόροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑλλεβόρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἑλλεβόρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑλλεβόροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἑλλεβόροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἑλλέβορον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑλλεβόρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἑλλεβόρους (accusative plural)
ἑλλέβορε (singular vocative)
ἑλλεβόρω (dual vocative)
ἑλλέβοροι (plural vocative)

Greek: ελλέβορος (ellévoros)

→ Latin: helleborus

→ Translingual: Helleborus

Traditionally taken as "eaten by deer", from ἐλλός (ellós, “deer”) + βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “to eat”). However, Beekes finds this seems very doubtful, preferring a Pre-Greek origin.

compound

hellebore (plant of the genus Helleborus)


τοκεύς

grc-noun

τοκεύς • (tokeús) m (genitive τοκέως); third declension

tokeús (romanization)
τοκέως (genitive)
ὁ τοκεύς (nominative singular)
τὼ τοκῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ τοκῆς (nominative plural)
τοκεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ τοκέως (genitive singular)
τοῖν τοκέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τοκέων (genitive plural)
τῷ τοκεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν τοκέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τοκεῦσῐ (dative plural)
τοκεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs tokeûsi (dative plural)
toîs tokeûsin (dative plural)
τὸν τοκέᾱ (accusative singular)
τὼ τοκῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς τοκέᾱς (accusative plural)
τοκεῦ (singular vocative)
τοκῆ (dual vocative)
τοκῆς (plural vocative)
τοκεῖς (plural vocative)
τοκεύς (nominative singular)
τοκῆε (dual nominative)
τοκῆες (nominative plural)
τοκῆος (genitive singular)
τοκέος (genitive singular)
τοκήοιῐν (dual genitive)
τοκήων (genitive plural)
τοκῆῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοκέῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοκήοιῐν (dative dual)
τοκήεσσῐ (dative plural)
τοκήεσσῐν (dative plural)
τοκεῦσῐ (dative plural)
τοκεῦσῐν (dative plural)
tokḗessi (dative plural)
tokḗessin (dative plural)
tokeûsi (dative plural)
tokeûsin (dative plural)
τοκῆᾰ (accusative singular)
τοκέᾰ (accusative singular)
τοκῆε (accusative dual)
τοκῆᾰς (accusative plural)
τοκεῦ (singular vocative)
τοκῆε (dual vocative)
τοκῆες (plural vocative)

From the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *teḱ- (compare τίκτω (tíktō) and τέκνον (téknon)) plus -εύς (-eús).


βόας

grc-noun form

βόᾰς • (bóas)


ὄχεσφιν

ὄχεσφῐν (canonical)
ókhesphin (romanization)

(Epic) dative plural of ὄχεᾰ (ókhea) with movable nu


βατράχιον

grc-noun

βατράχῐον • (batrákhion) n (genitive βατραχῐ́ου); second declension

βατράχῐον (canonical)
batrákhion (romanization)
βατραχῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βατράχῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βατραχῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βατράχῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βατραχῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βατραχῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βατραχῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βατραχῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βατραχῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βατραχῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βατράχῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βατραχῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βατράχῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βατράχῐον (singular vocative)
βατραχῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βατράχῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From βάτραχος (bátrakhos, “frog”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

buttercup (plant of the genus Ranunculus)


κρίμνον

grc-noun

κρίμνον • (krímnon) n (genitive κρίμνου); second declension

krímnon (romanization)
κρίμνου (genitive)
τὸ κρῐ́μνον (nominative singular)
τὼ κρῐ́μνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κρῐ́μνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρῐ́μνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρῐ́μνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρῐ́μνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρῐ́μνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρῐ́μνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρῐ́μνοις (dative plural)
τὸ κρῐ́μνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κρῐ́μνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κρῐ́μνᾰ (accusative plural)
κρῐ́μνον (singular vocative)
κρῐ́μνω (dual vocative)
κρῐ́μνᾰ (plural vocative)

Unexplained. The connection with κρῖ (krî, “barley”) and κριθή (krithḗ, “barley”) is formally unwarranted and a derivation from κρίνω (krínō, “to separate”) does not seem preferable.

unk

Unexplained


ὄπις

grc-noun

ὄπῐς • (ópis) f (genitive ὄπῐδος); third declension

ὄπῐς (canonical)
ópis (romanization)
ὄπῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ὄπῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄπῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄπῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄπῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀπῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀπῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄπῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀπῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄπῐσῐ (dative plural)
ὄπῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ópisi (dative plural)
taîs ópisin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄπῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄπῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄπῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄπῐς (singular vocative)
ὄπῐδε (dual vocative)
ὄπῐδες (plural vocative)

The connection with ὄψομαι (ópsomai), which is from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”), can hardly be rejected. This implies an older meaning "sight, look, glance", whence the meanings "awe, veneration" and "vengeance, punishment".

vengeance of the gods for transgressing divine laws


κύθιον

κύθιον • (kúthion) n (genitive κυθίου); second declension

kúthion (romanization)
κυθίου (genitive)
τὸ κύθιον (nominative singular)
τὼ κυθίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κύθιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κυθίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κυθίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κυθίων (genitive plural)
τῷ κυθίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κυθίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κυθίοις (dative plural)
τὸ κύθιον (accusative singular)
τὼ κυθίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κύθιᾰ (accusative plural)
κύθιον (singular vocative)
κυθίω (dual vocative)
κύθιᾰ (plural vocative)


ξέσις

ξέσῐς • (xésis) f (genitive ξέσεως); third declension

ξέσῐς (canonical)
xésis (romanization)
ξέσεως (genitive)
ἡ ξέσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ξέσει (dual nominative)
αἱ ξέσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ξέσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ξεσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ξέσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ξέσει (dative singular)
τοῖν ξεσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ξέσεσῐ (dative plural)
ξέσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs xésesi (dative plural)
taîs xésesin (dative plural)
τὴν ξέσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ξέσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ξέσεις (accusative plural)
ξέσῐ (singular vocative)
ξέσει (dual vocative)
ξέσεις (plural vocative)

From ξέω (xéō, “to scrape”) + -σῐς (-sis).


λάβρυς

λάβρῠς • (lábrus) f (genitive λάβρῠος); third declension

λάβρῠς (canonical)
lábrus (romanization)
λάβρῠος (genitive)
ἡ λᾰ́βρῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́βρῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰ́βρῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰ́βρῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰβρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰβρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰ́βρῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
λᾰ́βρυι (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰβρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰ́βρῠσῐ (dative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs lábrusi (dative plural)
taîs lábrusin (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰ́βρῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́βρῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰ́βρῡς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠᾰς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠ (singular vocative)
λᾰ́βρῠε (dual vocative)
λᾰ́βρῠες (plural vocative)

From Lydian 𐤩𐤠𐤡𐤭𐤧𐤳 (lapryš) and possibly related to λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos, “labyrinth”).


γόργυρα

γόργῡρα • (górgūra) f (genitive γοργῡ́ρᾱς); first declension

γόργῡρα (canonical)
górgūra (romanization)
γοργῡ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ γόργῡρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γοργῡ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γόργῡραι (nominative plural)
τῆς γοργῡ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν γοργῡ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γοργῡρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γοργῡ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γοργῡ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γοργῡ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν γόργῡρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ γοργῡ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γοργῡ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
γόργῡρᾰ (singular vocative)
γοργῡ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
γόργῡραι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, definitely from Pre-Greek, but compare Sanskrit गर्गर (gárgara, “whirlpool, eddy, churn; water-jar”) and Latin gurges (“whirlpool, eddy”). Compare also κορκόδρυα (korkódrua, “drain”) and κορχυρέα (korkhuréa, “subterranean drain”).


δεσμόν

grc-noun form

δεσμόν • (desmón)


ῥηγμῖνι

ῥηγμῖνῐ • (rhēgmîni)

ῥηγμῖνῐ (canonical)
rhēgmîni (romanization)


ἀμοργίς

grc-noun

ἀμοργίς • (amorgís) f (genitive ἀμοργίδος); third declension

amorgís (romanization)
ἀμοργίδος (genitive)
ἡ ἀμοργῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμοργῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀμοργῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀμοργῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμοργῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμοργῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀμοργῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμοργῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμοργῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀμοργῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs amorgísi (dative plural)
taîs amorgísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀμοργῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμοργῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀμοργῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀμοργῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀμοργῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀμοργῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Perhaps from the name of the island Amorgos or from Pre-Greek.

stalks of mallow, used like hemp or flax


ψάλμα

ψάλμᾰ • (psálma) n (genitive ψάλμᾰτος); third declension

ψάλμᾰ (canonical)
psálma (romanization)
ψάλμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ψᾰ́λμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ψᾰ́λμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ψᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψᾰ́λμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψᾰλμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψᾰλμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ψᾰ́λμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψᾰλμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψᾰ́λμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ψᾰ́λμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs psálmasi (dative plural)
toîs psálmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ψᾰ́λμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ψᾰ́λμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ψᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ψᾰ́λμᾰ (singular vocative)
ψᾰ́λμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ψᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ψάλλω (psállō, “to pluck, twitch”) + -μα (-ma).

af

(music) tune played on a stringed instrument


θύμον

grc-noun

θύμον • (thúmon) n (genitive θύμου); second declension

thúmon (romanization)
θύμου (genitive)
τὸ θῠ́μον (nominative singular)
τὼ θῠ́μω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ θῠ́μᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ θῠ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θῠ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θῠ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ θῠ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θῠ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θῠ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸ θῠ́μον (accusative singular)
τὼ θῠ́μω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ θῠ́μᾰ (accusative plural)
θῠ́μον (singular vocative)
θῠ́μω (dual vocative)
θῠ́μᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Greek: θυμάρι (thymári)

→ Latin: thymum

From θύω (thúō, “to smoke”). Beekes suggests that this is "doubtful" and that "[a]s a local plant name, the word is liable to be of Pre-Greek origin".


μέροψ

μέροψ • (mérops) m (genitive μέροπος); third declension

mérops (romanization)
μέροπος (genitive)
ὁ μέροψ (nominative singular)
τὼ μέροπε (dual nominative)
οἱ μέροπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μέροπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μερόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μερόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ μέροπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μερόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μέροψῐ (dative plural)
μέροψῐν (dative plural)
toîs méropsi (dative plural)
toîs méropsin (dative plural)
τὸν μέροπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μέροπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μέροπᾰς (accusative plural)
μέροψ (singular vocative)
μέροπε (dual vocative)
μέροπες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Merops

The original meaning of the word is unknown. However, the suffix "-οψ", which is found also in δρύοψ (drúops) and πάρνοψ (párnops), is typical of Pre-Greek.

(in the plural) epithet of men
mortal (of men)

Merops apiaster
Merops apiaster#Translingual


γύαλον

γῠ́ᾰλον • (gúalon) n (genitive γῠᾰ́λου); second declension

γῠ́ᾰλον (canonical)
gúalon (romanization)
γῠᾰ́λου (genitive)
τὸ γῠ́ᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ γῠᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γῠ́ᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γῠᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῠᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῠᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ γῠᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῠᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γῠᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ γῠ́ᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ γῠᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γῠ́ᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
γῠ́ᾰλον (singular vocative)
γῠᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
γῠ́ᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

For the formation, one might compare ἀγκάλη (ankálē, “bent arm”) and ὀμφαλός (omphalós, “navel”). The word is generally connected with γυῖον (guîon, “hand”) and γύης (gúēs, “earth”), so it may derive either from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand”) or from Proto-Indo-European *gew(H)- (“to bend”) (which are either identical or have been conflated early in Indo-European).


ῥηγμίν

grc-noun

ῥηγμῑ́ν • (rhēgmī́n) f (genitive ῥηγμῖνος); third declension

ῥηγμῑ́ν (canonical)
rhēgmī́n (romanization)
ῥηγμῖνος (genitive)
ἡ ῥηγμίν (nominative singular)
ῥηγμίς (nominative singular)
αἱ ῥηγμῖνες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥηγμῖνος (genitive singular)
τῶν ῥηγμῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥηγμῖνῐ (dative singular)
ταῖς ῥηγμῖσῐ (dative plural)
ῥηγμῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs rhēgmîsi (dative plural)
taîs rhēgmîsin (dative plural)
τὴν ῥηγμῖνᾰ (accusative singular)
τᾱ̀ς ῥηγμῖνᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥηγμίν (singular vocative)
ῥηγμίς (singular vocative)
ῥηγμῖνες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῥηγμίν, ῥηγμίς

/r̥ɛːŋ.mǐːn/

/r̥ɛːŋ.mǐːn/

ῥηγμίς

alternative reconstruction of nominative singular

(Epic) surf, breakers (waves breaking into foam)


πυραλίς

grc-noun

πῠρᾰλῐ́ς • (puralís) f (genitive πῠρᾰλῐ́δος); third declension

πῠρᾰλῐ́ς (canonical)
puralís (romanization)
πῠρᾰλῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πῠρᾰλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πῠρᾰλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πῠρᾰλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πῠρᾰλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῠρᾰλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῠρᾰλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πῠρᾰλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῠρᾰλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πῠρᾰλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
πῠρᾰλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs puralísi (dative plural)
taîs puralísin (dative plural)
τὴν πῠρᾰλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πῠρᾰλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῠρᾰλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πῠρᾰλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
πῠρᾰλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
πῠρᾰλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pyralis

→ Translingual: Pyralis

Diminutive formation in "-α(λ)λίς", probably from πῦρ (pûr, “fire”) after the reddish color. However, according to Niedermann, it derives from πυρός (purós, “wheat”) after its nutrition.


σημύδα

σημύδα • (sēmúda) f (genitive σημύδης); first declension

sēmúda (romanization)
σημύδης (genitive)
ἡ σημῠ́δᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σημῠ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σημῠ́δαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σημῠ́δης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σημῠ́δαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σημῠδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σημῠ́δῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σημῠ́δαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σημῠ́δαις (dative plural)
τὴν σημῠ́δᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σημῠ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σημῠ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
σημῠ́δᾰ (singular vocative)
σημῠ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
σημῠ́δαι (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: سَنْدَر (sandar)

→ Greek: σημύδα (simýda) (learned)

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

Cercis siliquastrum
Cercis siliquastrum#Translingual

Betula pendula
Betula pendula#Translingual


ἔμπλαστρος

ἔμπλαστρος • (émplastros) m (genitive ἔμπλάστρου); second declension

émplastros (romanization)
ἔμπλάστρου (genitive)
ἡ ἔμπλαστρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμπλάστρω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἔμπλαστροι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐμπλάστρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμπλάστροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμπλάστρων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐμπλάστρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμπλάστροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐμπλάστροις (dative plural)
τὴν ἔμπλαστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμπλάστρω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐμπλάστρους (accusative plural)
ἔμπλαστρε (singular vocative)
ἐμπλάστρω (dual vocative)
ἔμπλαστροι (plural vocative)

From older ἔμπλαστος (émplastos), from ἐν- (en-) + πλαστός (plastós).


κόσκινον

κόσκῐνον • (kóskinon) n (genitive κοσκῐ́νου); second declension

κόσκῐνον (canonical)
kóskinon (romanization)
κοσκῐ́νου (genitive)
τὸ κόσκῐνον (nominative singular)
τὼ κοσκῐ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κόσκῐνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοσκῐ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοσκῐ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοσκῐ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοσκῐ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοσκῐ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοσκῐ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ κόσκῐνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοσκῐ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κόσκῐνᾰ (accusative plural)
κόσκῐνον (singular vocative)
κοσκῐ́νω (dual vocative)
κόσκῐνᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κόσκινο (kóskino)


φυλία

φῠλίᾰ • (phulía) f (genitive φῠλίης); first declension

φῠλίᾰ (canonical)
phulía (romanization)
φῠλίης (genitive)
ἡ φῠλῐ́ᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῠλῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῠλῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῠλῐ́ης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῠλῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῠλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῠλῐ́ῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῠλῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῠλῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν φῠλῐ́ᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῠλῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῠλῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
φῠλῐ́ᾰ (singular vocative)
φῠλῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
φῠλῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Without etymology. Furnée compares φιλύκη (philúkē, “alatern”).

unk

Without etymology

kind of wild olive but distinguished from κότινος (kótinos)


πηνέλοψ

grc-noun

πηνέλοψ • (pēnélops) m (genitive πηνέλοπος); third declension

pēnélops (romanization)
πηνέλοπος (genitive)
ὁ πηνέλοψ (nominative singular)
τὼ πηνέλοπε (dual nominative)
οἱ πηνέλοπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πηνέλοπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πηνελόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πηνελόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ πηνέλοπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πηνελόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πηνέλοψῐ (dative plural)
πηνέλοψῐν (dative plural)
toîs pēnélopsi (dative plural)
toîs pēnélopsin (dative plural)
τὸν πηνέλοπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πηνέλοπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πηνέλοπᾰς (accusative plural)
πηνέλοψ (singular vocative)
πηνέλοπε (dual vocative)
πηνέλοπες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Penelope

The formation is similar to δρύοψ (drúops) and πάρνοψ (párnops). The suffix "-οψ" is typical of Pre-Greek.


κοροπλάθος

κοροπλάθος • (koropláthos) m (genitive κοροπλάθου); second declension

koropláthos (romanization)
κοροπλάθου (genitive)
ὁ κοροπλᾰ́θος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοροπλᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
οἱ κοροπλᾰ́θοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοροπλᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοροπλᾰ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοροπλᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοροπλᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοροπλᾰ́θοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοροπλᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
τὸν κοροπλᾰ́θον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοροπλᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοροπλᾰ́θους (accusative plural)
κοροπλᾰ́θε (singular vocative)
κοροπλᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
κοροπλᾰ́θοι (plural vocative)

From κόρος (kóros, “puppet, doll”) + πλάσσω (plássō, “to model”).


λάμψεις

grc-noun form

λᾰ́μψεις • (lámpseis) f

λᾰ́μψεις (canonical)
lámpseis (romanization)

(Koine) nominative/accusative/vocative plural of λᾰ́μψῐς (lámpsis)


ἐκλείψεις

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ἔκλειψῐς (ékleipsis)


Λύκιοι

Λύκιοι • (Lúkioi)

nominative/vocative plural of Λύκιος (Lúkios)


μόροχθος

grc-noun

μόροχθος • (mórokhthos) m (genitive μορόχθου); second declension

mórokhthos (romanization)
μορόχθου (genitive)
ὁ μόροχθος (nominative singular)
τὼ μορόχθω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόροχθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μορόχθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μορόχθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μορόχθων (genitive plural)
τῷ μορόχθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μορόχθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μορόχθοις (dative plural)
τὸν μόροχθον (accusative singular)
τὼ μορόχθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μορόχθους (accusative plural)
μόροχθε (singular vocative)
μορόχθω (dual vocative)
μόροχθοι (plural vocative)

The variation "χθ/ξ" is typical of Pre-Greek.


καμάτῳ

grc-noun form

κᾰμάτῳ • (kamátōi)

κᾰμάτῳ (canonical)
kamátōi (romanization)


ἐλάαν

ἐλᾱ́ᾱν • (elā́ān)

ἐλᾱ́ᾱν (canonical)
elā́ān (romanization)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


δέσμα

head

δέσμα • (désma)


ὀξύβαρις

grc-noun

ὀξῠ́βᾰρις • (oxúbaris) f (genitive ὀξῠβᾰ́ρεως); third declension

ὀξῠ́βᾰρις (canonical)
oxúbaris (romanization)
ὀξῠβᾰ́ρεως (genitive)

προσῳδία

προσῳδίαι ἑλληνικαί


κόλλαβος

κόλλαβος • (kóllabos) m (genitive κολλάβου); second declension

kóllabos (romanization)
κολλάβου (genitive)
ὁ κόλλαβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κολλάβω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόλλαβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κολλάβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κολλάβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κολλάβων (genitive plural)
τῷ κολλάβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κολλάβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κολλάβοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόλλαβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κολλάβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κολλάβους (accusative plural)
κόλλαβε (singular vocative)
κολλάβω (dual vocative)
κόλλαβοι (plural vocative)

The ending in "-βος" is found also in κάκκαβος (kákkabos), κάναβος (kánabos) and σίττυβος (síttubos). The noun is probably related to κόλλιξ (kóllix, “type of bread”) and κολλύρα (kollúra, “cake, tablet”). The word is no doubt Pre-Greek.


στρατήγημα

στρᾰτηγήμᾰτος

στρᾰτήγημᾰ • (stratḗgēma) n (genitive στρᾰτηγήμᾰτος); third declension

στρᾰτήγημᾰ (canonical)
stratḗgēma (romanization)
στρᾰτηγήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ στρᾰτήγημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτηγημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρᾰτηγημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτηγημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρᾰτηγήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
στρᾰτηγήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs stratēgḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs stratēgḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ στρᾰτήγημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στρᾰτηγήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
στρᾰτήγημᾰ (singular vocative)
στρᾰτηγήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
στρᾰτηγήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

στρᾰτηγήμᾰτος

→ Latin: stratēgēma (see there for further descendants)


ἴτον

grc-noun

ἴτον • (íton) n (genitive ἴτου); second declension

íton (romanization)
ἴτου (genitive)
τὸ ῐ̓́τον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́τω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́τᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̓́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̓́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̓́τοις (dative plural)
τὸ ῐ̓́τον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́τω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́τᾰ (accusative plural)
ῐ̓́τον (singular vocative)
ῐ̓́τω (dual vocative)
ῐ̓́τᾰ (plural vocative)

Furnée connects the word with ὕδνον (húdnon, “truffle”), which has variants too. Furnée is mistaken to assume a prothetic "ὀ-", since "ὀ-" and "οὐ-" just indicate "ϝ-". So we have *wit- and *wid-n-, with a suffix beginning with "n-" and voicing before the nasal, which is typical of Pre-Greek according to Beekes.


κάματος

κάμᾰτος • (kámatos) m (genitive κᾰμάτου); second declension

κάμᾰτος (canonical)
kámatos (romanization)
κᾰμάτου (genitive)
ὁ κάμᾰτος (nominative singular)
τὼ καμᾰ́τω (dual nominative)
οἱ κάμᾰτοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ καμᾰ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν καμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ καμᾰ́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν καμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς καμᾰ́τοις (dative plural)
τὸν κάμᾰτον (accusative singular)
τὼ καμᾰ́τω (accusative dual)
τοὺς καμᾰ́τους (accusative plural)
κάμᾰτε (singular vocative)
καμᾰ́τω (dual vocative)
κάμᾰτοι (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: kamatë

→ Macedonian: камата (kamata)

→ Romanian: camătă

→ Serbo-Croatian: kamata

From the root of κάμνω (kámnō, “to be weary”).

weariness, exhaustion, fatigue, tiredness

(Byzantine, finance) interest (price of credit)


λίγδος

λίγδος • (lígdos) m (genitive λίγδου); second declension

lígdos (romanization)
λίγδου (genitive)
ὁ λῐ́γδος (nominative singular)
τὼ λῐ́γδω (dual nominative)
οἱ λῐ́γδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐ́γδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῐ́γδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῐ́γδων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐ́γδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῐ́γδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐ́γδοις (dative plural)
τὸν λῐ́γδον (accusative singular)
τὼ λῐ́γδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λῐ́γδους (accusative plural)
λῐ́γδε (singular vocative)
λῐ́γδω (dual vocative)
λῐ́γδοι (plural vocative)

Related to λίγδα (lígda, “whetstone”) and λίγδην (lígdēn, “touching superifically, grazing”). According to Beekes, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sleyǵ- (“to slide”) like Old High German slīhhan (“to creep”), Old Irish slige (“comb”) and Old Norse slíkr (“smooth”).


ἄντυξ

grc-noun

ἄντῠξ • (ántux) f (genitive ἄντῠγος); third declension

ἄντῠξ (canonical)
ántux (romanization)
ἄντῠγος (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓́ντῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓́ντῠγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓́ντῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ντῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓ντῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓́ντῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ντῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ντῠξῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́ντῠξῐν (dative plural)
taîs ántuxi (dative plural)
taîs ántuxin (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓́ντῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ντῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ντῠξ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́ντῠγες (plural vocative)

Unknown. Previously explained as ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + a root noun belonging to τεύχω (teúkhō, “to make, do”), but this is highly questionable. The word resembles ἄμπυξ (ámpux) and καταῖτυξ (kataîtux), both without etymology.


κολύβδαινα

κολύβδαινᾰ • (kolúbdaina) f (genitive κολυβδαίνᾱς); first declension

κολύβδαινᾰ (canonical)
kolúbdaina (romanization)
κολυβδαίνᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κολύβδαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κολυβδαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κολύβδαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κολυβδαίνᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κολυβδαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κολυβδαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κολυβδαίνᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κολυβδαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κολυβδαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν κολύβδαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κολυβδαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κολυβδαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
κολύβδαινᾰ (singular vocative)
κολυβδαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
κολύβδαιναι (plural vocative)

A typically Pre-Greek word with interchange "βδ/β" and prenasalization.


ἔγκαυμα

ἔγκαυμᾰ • (énkauma) n (genitive ἐγκαύμᾰτος); third declension

ἔγκαυμᾰ (canonical)
énkauma (romanization)
ἐγκαύμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἔγκαυμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐγκαύμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐγκαύμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐγκαύμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐγκαυμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐγκαυμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐγκαύμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐγκαυμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐγκαύμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐγκαύμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs enkaúmasi (dative plural)
toîs enkaúmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔγκαυμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐγκαύμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐγκαύμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔγκαυμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐγκαύμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐγκαύμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: encauma

mark made by a branding iron, sore from burning


χειρουργία

χειρουργῐ́ᾱς

χειρουργῐ́ᾱ • (kheirourgíā) f (genitive χειρουργῐ́ᾱς); first declension

χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
kheirourgíā (romanization)
χειρουργῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χειρουργῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς χειρουργῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χειρουργῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χειρουργῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χειρουργῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χειρουργῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χειρουργῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν χειρουργῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χειρουργῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
χειρουργῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
χειρουργῐ́αι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

χειρουργῐ́ᾱς

→ Latin: chīrūrgia (see there for further descendants)

→ Welsh: llawdriniaeth (calque)

From χειρουργέω (kheirourgéō, “to work with the hands”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

af

working by hand, practice of a handicraft or art


νάρφη

grc-noun

νάρφη • (nárphē) f (genitive νάρφης); first declension

nárphē (romanization)
νάρφης (genitive)
ἡ νάρφη (nominative singular)
τὼ νάρφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νάρφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νάρφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νάρφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ναρφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νάρφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νάρφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νάρφαις (dative plural)
τὴν νάρφην (accusative singular)
τὼ νάρφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νάρφᾱς (accusative plural)
νάρφη (singular vocative)
νάρφᾱ (dual vocative)
νάρφαι (plural vocative)

prepared bread, which is also called μασητρίς (masētrís)


λιθόκολλα

λιθόκολλᾰ • (lithókolla) f (genitive λιθοκόλλης); first declension

λιθόκολλᾰ (canonical)
lithókolla (romanization)
λιθοκόλλης (genitive)
ἡ λιθόκολλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ λιθοκόλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λιθόκολλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λιθοκόλλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λιθοκόλλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λιθοκολλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λιθοκόλλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λιθοκόλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λιθοκόλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν λιθόκολλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ λιθοκόλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λιθοκόλλᾱς (accusative plural)
λιθόκολλᾰ (singular vocative)
λιθοκόλλᾱ (dual vocative)
λιθόκολλαι (plural vocative)

From λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”).


μῆριγξ

grc-noun

μῆρῐγξ • (mêrinx) f (genitive μήρῐγγος); third declension

μῆρῐγξ (canonical)
mêrinx (romanization)
μήρῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ μῆρῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μήρῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ μήρῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς μήρῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηρῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηρῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ μήρῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηρῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήρῐγξῐ (dative plural)
μήρῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs mḗrinxi (dative plural)
taîs mḗrinxin (dative plural)
τὴν μήρῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μήρῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήρῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
μῆρῐγξ (singular vocative)
μήρῐγγε (dual vocative)
μήρῐγγες (plural vocative)

The suffix "-ιγγ-", the prothetic "σ-" and the lack of possible cognates, apart from μήρινθος (mḗrinthos, “fishing line”), lead to a Pre-Greek origin.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: thorn which grows in the fleece of cattle.


κλῆμα

κλῆμᾰ • (klêma) n (genitive κλήμᾰτος); third declension

κλῆμᾰ (canonical)
klêma (romanization)
κλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs klḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήμα (klíma)

Connected with κλάω (kláō, “to break”), but the meaning doesn't fit a sprout. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

vine staff, cane carried by Roman centurions


ἤρυγγος

ἤρυγγος • (ḗrungos) f (genitive ἠρύγγου); second declension

ḗrungos (romanization)
ἠρύγγου (genitive)
ἡ ἤρυγγος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἠρύγγω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἤρυγγοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἠρύγγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἠρύγγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἠρύγγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἠρύγγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἠρύγγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἠρύγγοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἤρυγγον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἠρύγγω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἠρύγγους (accusative plural)
ἤρυγγε (singular vocative)
ἠρύγγω (dual vocative)
ἤρυγγοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to εἴλιγγος (eílingos) and πίσυγγος (písungos). According to Strömberg, it derives from ἔαρ (éar, “spring”). However, Beekes is sure of the Pre-Greek origin of the word. Compare also the synonymous Middle Armenian երնջնակ (ernǰnak).


ὕσκλος

ὕσκλος • (húsklos) m (genitive ὕσκλου); second declension

húsklos (romanization)
ὕσκλου (genitive)
ὁ ῠ̔́σκλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́σκλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῠ̔́σκλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῠ̔́σκλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́σκλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔́σκλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῠ̔́σκλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́σκλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῠ̔́σκλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ῠ̔́σκλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́σκλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῠ̔́σκλους (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́σκλε (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́σκλω (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́σκλοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the word is clearly Pre-Greek.


ὕδνον

ὕδνον • (húdnon) n (genitive ὕδνου); second declension

húdnon (romanization)
ὕδνου (genitive)
τὸ ῠ̔́δνον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́δνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῠ̔́δνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῠ̔́δνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́δνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔́δνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῠ̔́δνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́δνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῠ̔́δνοις (dative plural)
τὸ ῠ̔́δνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́δνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῠ̔́δνᾰ (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́δνον (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́δνω (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́δνᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Hydnum

The word has hesitantly been connected to ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) as "juicy", to ὕω (húō, “to rain”) as "rain plant" and to ὗς (hûs, “swine”) as "sow-bread". In view of the alternative forms, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek word and links it with ἴτον (íton, “kind of mushroom”).


κληματίς

κληματῐ́ς • (klēmatís) f (genitive κληματῐ́δος); third declension

κληματῐ́ς (canonical)
klēmatís (romanization)
κληματῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κληματῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κληματῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κληματῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κληματῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κληματῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κληματῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κληματῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κληματῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κληματῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κληματῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs klēmatísi (dative plural)
taîs klēmatísin (dative plural)
τὴν κληματῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κληματῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κληματῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κληματῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κληματῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κληματῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: clēmatis

→ Translingual: Clematis

From κλῆμα (klêma, “twig, branch”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).

af

Clematis vitalba
Clematis vitalba#Translingual

Convolvulus arvensis
Convolvulus arvensis#Translingual


ἀλάβαστος

grc-noun

ἀλάβαστος • (alábastos) m (genitive ἀλαβάστου); second declension

alábastos (romanization)
ἀλαβάστου (genitive)
ὁ ἀλάβαστος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀλαβάστω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀλάβαστοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀλαβάστου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀλαβάστοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀλαβάστων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀλαβάστῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀλαβάστοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀλαβάστοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀλάβαστον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀλαβάστω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀλαβάστους (accusative plural)
ἀλάβαστε (singular vocative)
ἀλαβάστω (dual vocative)
ἀλάβαστοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: alabaster (see there for further descendants)

Sethe explained the form as Egyptian ꜥj-r-bꜣstjt (“vessel of the Egyptian goddess Bast”), but this is doubtful. Compare Arabic عُلْبَة (ʕulba, “box, can”).

globular vase without handles for holding perfumes


ἀρία

ἀρῐ́ᾱ • (aríā) f (genitive ἀρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἀρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
aríā (romanization)
ἀρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀρῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: αριά (ariá)


μάκελλα

μάκελλα • (mákella) f (genitive μακέλλης); first declension

mákella (romanization)
μακέλλης (genitive)
ἡ μάκελλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ μακέλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μάκελλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μακέλλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μακέλλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μακελλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μακέλλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μακέλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μακέλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν μάκελλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ μακέλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μακέλλᾱς (accusative plural)
μάκελλᾰ (singular vocative)
μακέλλᾱ (dual vocative)
μάκελλαι (plural vocative)

The similarity with δίκελλα (díkella) cannot be coincidental but a convincing explanation has yet to be found. Armenian մարկեղ (markeġ, “mattock”) shows a remarkable similarity; it might be a loan from a common source. Unrelated are Lithuanian makaras (“big stave”) and Armenian մաճ (mač, “plough tail”). The variation "-ελλα/-έλη" shows a Pre-Greek origin.

mattock, pick, used for digging or breaking up


ὄροφος

ὄροφος • (órophos) m (genitive ὀρόφου); second declension

órophos (romanization)
ὀρόφου (genitive)
ὁ ὄροφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρόφω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄροφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρόφου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρόφοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρόφων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρόφῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρόφοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρόφοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄροφον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρόφω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρόφους (accusative plural)
ὄροφε (singular vocative)
ὀρόφω (dual vocative)
ὄροφοι (plural vocative)

From an o-grade of ἐρέφω (eréphō, “to cover with a roof”) + -ος (-os).


ψαύριος

head

ψαύριος • (psaúrios)

Hesychius gives the definition as: κονιορτός (koniortós, “cloud of dust”), φορυτός (phorutós, “whatever the wind carries along”)


ὀρός

grc-noun

ὀρός • (orós) m (genitive ὀροῦ); second declension

orós (romanization)
ὀροῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀρός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρούς (accusative plural)
ὀρέ (singular vocative)
ὀρώ (dual vocative)
ὀροί (plural vocative)

Greek: ορός (orós)

⇒ Italian: orotico

From Proto-Hellenic *horós, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”); see also Sanskrit सर (sara, “flowing”), सरित् (sarit, “river, brook”) and Latin serum (“whey”).


κονιορτός

grc-noun

κονιορτός • (koniortós) m (genitive κονιορτοῦ); second declension

koniortós (romanization)
κονιορτοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κονιορτός (nominative singular)
τὼ κονιορτώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κονιορτοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κονιορτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κονιορτοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κονιορτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κονιορτῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κονιορτοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κονιορτοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κονιορτόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κονιορτώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κονιορτούς (accusative plural)
κονιορτέ (singular vocative)
κονιορτώ (dual vocative)
κονιορτοί (plural vocative)

From κόνις (kónis, “dust”) + ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “to raise”).

compound

καὶ κονιορτὸς ἀπ᾽ οὐρανόθεν προφέρηται πρὸς γαῖαν ἅπαν καί οἱ σέλας ἠελίοιο ἐκλείψει κατὰ μέσσον ἀπ᾽ οὐρανοῦ

c. 2nd century BCE, Sibylline Oracles, Book III, 800–802

and a cloud of dust will be cast from heaven over all the earth, and the light of the sun will be eclipsed in the middle of the sky


ὑπόστασις

grc-noun

ὑπόστασις • (hupóstasis) f (genitive ὑπόστασεως); third declension

hupóstasis (romanization)
ὑπόστασεως (genitive)
ἡ ὑπόστασῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑποστάσει (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑποστάσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑποστάσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑποστασέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑποστάσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑποστάσει (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑποστασέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑποστάσεσῐ (dative plural)
ὑποστάσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs hupostásesi (dative plural)
taîs hupostásesin (dative plural)
τὴν ὑπόστασῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑποστάσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑποστάσεις (accusative plural)
ὑπόστασῐ (singular vocative)
ὑποστάσει (dual vocative)
ὑποστάσεις (plural vocative)

English: hypostasis

French: hypostase

German: Hypostase

Greek: υπόσταση (ypóstasi)

Italian: ipostasi

Russian: ипоста́сь (ipostásʹ)

ὑπό (hupó, “down, under”) + στάσις (stásis, “standing”)


δίφρῳ

grc-noun form

δίφρῳ • (díphrōi)


δόμου

δόμου • (dómou) m

genitive singular of δόμος (dómos, “house; household”)


κούρης

κούρης • (koúrēs)


ἵπποισι

ἵπποισῐ • (híppoisi)

ἵπποισῐ (canonical)
híppoisi (romanization)

(Epic) dative plural of ῐ̔́ππος (híppos)


ὕδατι

ὕδᾰτῐ • (húdati)


γούνασι

γούνᾰσῐ • (goúnasi)

γούνᾰσῐ (canonical)
goúnasi (romanization)

(Epic, Ionic) dative plural of γόνῠ (gónu)


τέρετρον

grc-noun

τέρετρον • (téretron) n (genitive τερέτρου); second declension

téretron (romanization)
τερέτρου (genitive)
τὸ τέρετρον (nominative singular)
τὼ τερέτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τέρετρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τερέτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τερέτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τερέτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ τερέτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τερέτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τερέτροις (dative plural)
τὸ τέρετρον (accusative singular)
τὼ τερέτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τέρετρᾰ (accusative plural)
τέρετρον (singular vocative)
τερέτρω (dual vocative)
τέρετρᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *téretron. By surface analysis, τετραίνω (tetraínō, “to bore”) + -τρον (-tron).


πόληος

grc-noun form

πόληος • (pólēos)

(Epic) genitive singular of πόλῐς (pólis)


τράπεζαν

τράπεζᾰν • (trápezan)

τράπεζᾰν (canonical)
trápezan (romanization)

accusative singular of τρᾰ́πεζᾰ (trápeza)


ἵππω

ἵππω • (híppō)

nominative/accusative/vocative dual of ῐ̔́ππος (híppos)


κόρση

grc-noun

κόρση • (kórsē) f (genitive κόρσης); first declension

kórsē (romanization)
κόρσης (genitive)
ἡ κόρση (nominative singular)
τὼ κόρσᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόρσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόρσης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόρσαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόρσῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόρσαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόρσαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόρσην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόρσᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόρσᾱς (accusative plural)
κόρση (singular vocative)
κόρσᾱ (dual vocative)
κόρσαι (plural vocative)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), the same root of κείρω (keírō, “to cut”) and κορμός (kormós, “trunk”). Perhaps the original meaning of this word was "haircut at the temples".


δίκελλα

δίκελλα • (díkella) f (genitive δικέλλης); first declension

díkella (romanization)
δικέλλης (genitive)
ἡ δίκελλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ δικέλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δίκελλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δικέλλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν δικέλλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δικελλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δικέλλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δικέλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δικέλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν δίκελλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ δικέλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δικέλλᾱς (accusative plural)
δίκελλᾰ (singular vocative)
δικέλλᾱ (dual vocative)
δίκελλαι (plural vocative)

Greek: δικέλλα (dikélla)

→ Ottoman Turkish: دیكل (dikel)

Clearly related to μάκελλα (mákella, “mattock”). Since this word is from Pre-Greek, also δίκελλα (díkella) should be too.


σίδη

σίδη • (sídē) f (genitive σῑ́δης); first declension

sídē (romanization)
σῑ́δης (genitive)
ἡ σῑ́δη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῑ́δᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῖδαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῑ́δης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῑ́δαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῑδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῑ́δῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῑ́δαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῑ́δαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῑ́δην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῑ́δᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῑ́δᾱς (accusative plural)
σῑ́δη (singular vocative)
σῑ́δᾱ (dual vocative)
σῖδαι (plural vocative)

Cappadocian Greek:

Sinasos: σίτη (síti)

Pharasa: σίδι (sídi)

desc

Pontic Greek: σίδη (sídi), σίλβᾰ (sílvᾰ)

→ Romance:

Salentian: sída, síta, sèta

Tarentian: sèta

Old Barese: sede, seida

Barese: sétə, saitə, sèitə

According to Furnée, all the variations prove a Pre-Greek origin, after Witczak specifically borrowed from Western Anatolian. Also passed as far as Albanian shegë, to which the form κυσήγη (kusḗgē) once mentioned without contextualization is in any case ancestral. Linked to the reconstruction *sida "red", which has also been suggested as the root of σίδηρος (sídēros), "iron."

kind of waterplant growing near Orchomenus, water lily


ἀσπίδιον

grc-noun

ἀσπῐ́δῐον • (aspídion) n (genitive ἀσπῐδῐ́ου); second declension

ἀσπῐ́δῐον (canonical)
aspídion (romanization)
ἀσπῐδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἀσπῐ́δῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσπῐδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀσπῐ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσπῐδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσπῐδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσπῐδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσπῐδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσπῐδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσπῐδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀσπῐ́δῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσπῐδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀσπῐ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀσπῐ́δῐον (singular vocative)
ἀσπῐδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἀσπῐ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἀσπίς (aspís, “shield”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


τύφη

grc-noun

τύφη • (túphē) f (genitive τύφης); first declension

túphē (romanization)
τύφης (genitive)
ἡ τύφη (nominative singular)
τὼ τύφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τύφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τύφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τύφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τυφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τύφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τύφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τύφαις (dative plural)
τὴν τύφην (accusative singular)
τὼ τύφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τύφᾱς (accusative plural)
τύφη (singular vocative)
τύφᾱ (dual vocative)
τύφαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Typha

From Proto-Hellenic *tū́pʰā, often regarded as cognate with Latin tuber (“truffle”), English tuft and Old Norse þúfa (“mound”), all from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”). However the meaning of the Greek word is sufficiently different to render its connection with the other words purely hypothetical.

der

plant used for stuffing bolsters and beds

reedmace, cattail, bulrush (Typha angustifolia)


Ἠελίοιο

grc-noun form

Ἠελίοιο • (Ēelíoio)

(Epic) genitive singular of Ἠέλῐος (Ēélios)


σίτλα

grc-noun

σίτλα • (sítla) f (genitive σίτλης); first declension

sítla (romanization)
σίτλης (genitive)
ἡ σῐ́τλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐ́τλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐ́τλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐ́τλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐ́τλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐτλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐ́τλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐ́τλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐ́τλαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῐ́τλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐ́τλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐ́τλᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐ́τλᾰ (singular vocative)
σῐ́τλᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐ́τλαι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: سَطْل (saṭl)
Gulf Arabic: صَطِل (ṣaṭil)
Hijazi Arabic: سطل (saṭil)
Maltese: satal
Moroccan Arabic: سطل (sṭal)
→ Catalan: setra
→ Classical Persian: سَطْل (satl), ستل (satl), سلط (salt) (dialectal, Khvorasgan)
Tajik: сатл (satl), сатил (satil)
→ Georgian: სათლი (satli)
→ Lishana Deni: צטלא (ṣəṭla)
→ Spanish: acetre

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܣܺܝܛܠܴܐ (sīṭlā)

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܝܼܛܠܵܐ (sīṭlā) (learned)

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: סטלה

→ Classical Persian: سَتْل (satl)


Ἠέλιος

grc-noun

Ἠέλῐος • (Ēélios) m (genitive Ἠελίου); second declension

Ἠέλῐος (canonical)
Ēélios (romanization)
Ἠελίου (genitive)
Ἠέλῐος (nominative singular)
Ἠελῐ́ου (genitive singular)
Ἠελῐοῖο (genitive singular)
Ἠελῐ́οιο (genitive singular)
Ἠελῐόο (genitive singular)
Ἠελῐ́οο (genitive singular)
Ἠελῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
Ἠέλῐον (accusative singular)
Ἠέλῐε (singular vocative)

Epic and Ionic form of Ἥλιος (Hḗlios, “Helios”)


πίτυς

πίτῠς • (pítus) f (genitive πίτῠος); third declension

πίτῠς (canonical)
pítus (romanization)
πίτῠος (genitive)
ἡ πῐ́τῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ πῐ́τῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ πῐ́τῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς πῐ́τῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῐτῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῐτῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ πῐ́τῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
πῐ́τυι (dative singular)
τοῖν πῐτῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πῐ́τῠσῐ (dative plural)
πῐ́τῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs pítusi (dative plural)
taîs pítusin (dative plural)
τὴν πῐ́τῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ πῐ́τῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῐ́τῡς (accusative plural)
πῐ́τῠᾰς (accusative plural)
πῐ́τῠ (singular vocative)
πῐ́τῠε (dual vocative)
πῐ́τῠες (plural vocative)

Beekes is hesitant to espouse any derivation (even the usual Pre-Greek) and leaves the origin open. Traditionally taken as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *peyH-, which is also the source of Latin pīnus (“pine”) and Sanskrit पीतुदारु (pītudāru, “kind of tree”). Compare also Albanian pishë.


φάσκωλος

grc-noun

φάσκωλος • (pháskōlos) m (genitive φασκώλου); second declension

pháskōlos (romanization)
φασκώλου (genitive)
ὁ φάσκωλος (nominative singular)
τὼ φασκώλω (dual nominative)
οἱ φάσκωλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φασκώλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φασκώλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φασκώλων (genitive plural)
τῷ φασκώλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φασκώλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φασκώλοις (dative plural)
τὸν φάσκωλον (accusative singular)
τὼ φασκώλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φασκώλους (accusative plural)
φάσκωλε (singular vocative)
φασκώλω (dual vocative)
φάσκωλοι (plural vocative)

It seems formally evident to connect φάσκος (pháskos), in which case the bag would have denominated after a skin from which the hairs have not been removed. Pokorny connects also βάσκιοι (báskioi, “bundles of dry wood”). A Pre-Greek origin seems probable.


ἐμφύτευσις

ἐμφύτευσῐς • (emphúteusis) f (genitive ἐμφῠτεύσεως); third declension

ἐμφύτευσῐς (canonical)
emphúteusis (romanization)
ἐμφῠτεύσεως (genitive)
ἡ ἐμφῠ́τευσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμφῠτεύσει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐμφῠτεύσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐμφῠτεύσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμφῠτευσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμφῠτεύσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐμφῠτεύσει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμφῠτευσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐμφῠτεύσεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐμφῠτεύσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs emphuteúsesi (dative plural)
taîs emphuteúsesin (dative plural)
τὴν ἐμφῠ́τευσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμφῠτεύσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐμφῠτεύσεις (accusative plural)
ἐμφῠ́τευσῐ (singular vocative)
ἐμφῠτεύσει (dual vocative)
ἐμφῠτεύσεις (plural vocative)

→ Latin: emphyteusis

From ἐμφυτεύω (emphuteúō, “to implant, engraft”) + -σῐς (-sis).

af

tenure of an ἐμφύτευμα (emphúteuma), a type of hereditary leasehold in Roman law


δυσεντερία

grc-noun

δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ • (dusenteríā) f (genitive δῠσεντερίᾱς); first declension

δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
dusenteríā (romanization)
δῠσεντερίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δῠσεντερῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῠσεντερῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῠσεντερῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δῠσεντερῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῠσεντερῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δῠσεντερῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
δῠσεντερῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
δῠσεντερῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: δυσεντερία (dysentería)

→ Latin: dysenteria (see there for further descendants)

From δυσ- (dus-, “bad”) + ἔντερα (éntera, “bowels”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

etymon

ἔντερον>guts


γοῦνα

grc-noun form

γούνᾰ • (goúna)

(Epic) nominative/accusative/vocative plural of γόνῠ (gónu)


ἀέθλων

ᾰ̓έθλων • (aéthlōn)

ᾰ̓έθλων (canonical)
aéthlōn (romanization)


ἄεθλα

ᾰ̓́εθλᾰ • (áethla)

ᾰ̓́εθλᾰ (canonical)
áethla (romanization)

inflection of ᾰ̓́εθλον (áethlon):
nominative plural

inflection of ᾰ̓́εθλον (áethlon):
accusative plural

inflection of ᾰ̓́εθλον (áethlon):
vocative plural


φακιάλιον

grc-noun

φακιᾱ́λιον • (phakiā́lion) n (genitive φακιᾱλίου); second declension

φακιᾱ́λιον (canonical)
phakiā́lion (romanization)
φακιᾱλίου (genitive)
τὸ φακιᾱ́λιον (nominative singular)
τὼ φακιᾱλίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φακιᾱ́λιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φακιᾱλίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φακιᾱλίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φακιᾱλίων (genitive plural)
τῷ φακιᾱλίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φακιᾱλίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φακιᾱλίοις (dative plural)
τὸ φακιᾱ́λιον (accusative singular)
τὼ φακιᾱλίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φακιᾱ́λιᾰ (accusative plural)
φακιᾱ́λιον (singular vocative)
φακιᾱλίω (dual vocative)
φακιᾱ́λιᾰ (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin facialē (“facecloth”).


χείρεσσιν

grc-noun form

χείρεσσιν • (kheíressin)

dative plural of χείρ (kheír) with movable nu


γέροντι

γέροντῐ • (géronti)

γέροντῐ (canonical)
géronti (romanization)


ἄρον

grc-noun

ἄρον • (áron) n (genitive ἄρου); second declension

áron (romanization)
ἄρου (genitive)
τὸ ᾰ̓́ρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́ρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ρᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ρον (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́ρω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́ρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: arum

→ Translingual: Arum

Hemmerdinger derived it from Egyptian r (“reed, cane”). Perhaps it is also contained in ἀρίς (arís) and ἀρίσαρον (arísaron). A comparison with Latin arundo (“cane”) is less probable. Compare the synonym ὀρόντιον (oróntion), which may imply Pre-Greek origin.


ἀμβροσίην

grc-noun form

ἀμβροσίην • (ambrosíēn)

accusative singular of ἀμβροσίη (ambrosíē)


ἕδος

grc-noun

ἕδος • (hédos) n (genitive ἕδεος or ἕδους); third declension

hédos (romanization)
ἕδεος (genitive)
ἕδους (genitive)
τὸ ἕδος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἕδει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἕδη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἕδους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἕδει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἕδεσῐ (dative plural)
ἕδεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hédesi (dative plural)
toîs hédesin (dative plural)
τὸ ἕδος (accusative singular)
τὼ ἕδει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἕδη (accusative plural)
ἕδος (singular vocative)
ἕδει (dual vocative)
ἕδη (plural vocative)
ἕδος (nominative singular)
ἕδει (dual nominative)
ἕδεε (dual nominative)
ἕδεᾰ (nominative plural)
ἕδεος (genitive singular)
ἕδευς (genitive singular)
ἑδέοιν (dual genitive)
ἑδέων (genitive plural)
ἕδει (dative singular)
ἕδεῐ̈ (dative singular)
ἑδέοιν (dative dual)
ἕδεσῐ (dative plural)
ἕδεσῐν (dative plural)
hédesi (dative plural)
hédesin (dative plural)
ἕδος (accusative singular)
ἕδει (accusative dual)
ἕδεε (accusative dual)
ἕδεᾰ (accusative plural)
ἕδος (singular vocative)
ἕδει (dual vocative)
ἕδεε (dual vocative)
ἕδεᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *hédos, from Proto-Indo-European *sédos, from *sed- (“to sit”). Cognate with Sanskrit सदस् (sadas).


ἀμβροσίη

ἀμβροσίη • (ambrosíē) f (genitive ἀμβροσίης); first declension

ambrosíē (romanization)
ἀμβροσίης (genitive)
ἀμβροσίη (nominative singular)
ἀμβροσίᾱ (dual nominative)
ἀμβροσίαι (nominative plural)
ἀμβροσίης (genitive singular)
ἀμβροσίαιν (dual genitive)
ἀμβροσίαιῐν (dual genitive)
ἀμβροσίῃῐν (dual genitive)
ambrosíain (dual genitive)
ambrosíaiin (dual genitive)
ambrosíēiin (dual genitive)
ἀμβροσιᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
ἀμβροσιέ͜ων (genitive plural)
ἀμβροσιῶν (genitive plural)
ἀμβροσίῃ (dative singular)
ἀμβροσίαιν (dative dual)
ἀμβροσίαιῐν (dative dual)
ἀμβροσίῃῐν (dative dual)
ambrosíain (dative dual)
ambrosíaiin (dative dual)
ambrosíēiin (dative dual)
ἀμβροσίῃσῐ (dative plural)
ἀμβροσίῃσῐν (dative plural)
ἀμβροσίῃς (dative plural)
ἀμβροσίαις (dative plural)
ambrosíēisi (dative plural)
ambrosíēisin (dative plural)
ambrosíēis (dative plural)
ambrosíais (dative plural)
ἀμβροσίην (accusative singular)
ἀμβροσίᾱ (accusative dual)
ἀμβροσίᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀμβροσίη (singular vocative)
ἀμβροσίᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀμβροσίαι (plural vocative)

Epic and Ionic form of ἀμβροσίᾱ (ambrosíā)


ἧλος

ἧλος • (hêlos) m (genitive ἥλου); second declension

hêlos (romanization)
ἥλου (genitive)
ὁ ἧλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἥλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἧλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἥλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἥλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἥλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἥλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἥλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἥλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἧλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἥλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἥλους (accusative plural)
ἧλε (singular vocative)
ἥλω (dual vocative)
ἧλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: ήλος (ílos)

According to Beekes, because of the Aeolic variation the word could be equated to Latin vallus (“stake, pole”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn”).

(pathology) wart, callus (also on plants)


κύνδαλος

κύνδᾰλος • (kúndalos) m (genitive κυνδάλου); second declension

κύνδᾰλος (canonical)
kúndalos (romanization)
κυνδάλου (genitive)
ὁ κύνδᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κυνδᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κύνδᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κυνδᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κυνδᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κυνδᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κυνδᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κυνδᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κυνδᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κύνδᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κυνδᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κυνδᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
κύνδᾰλε (singular vocative)
κυνδᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κύνδᾰλοι (plural vocative)

The formation recalls that of the synonymous πάσσαλος (pássalos). According to Beekes, the word has a typical Pre-Greek appearance.


ὑμνῳδία

ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ • (humnōidíā) f (genitive ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
humnōidíā (romanization)
ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑμνῳδῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑμνῳδῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑμνῳδῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑμνῳδῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑμνῳδῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ὑμνῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ὑμνῳδῐ́αι (plural vocative)

→ English: hymnody

From ὑμνῳδός (humnōidós, “singing hymns”) + -ία (-ía), from ὕμνος (húmnos, “hymn”) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ), contracted form of ἀοιδή (aoidḗ) "song".


ὀσφῦς

grc-noun

ὀσφῦς • (osphûs) f (genitive ὀσφύος); third declension

osphûs (romanization)
ὀσφύος (genitive)
ἡ ὀσφῦς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀσφῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀσφῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀσφῠός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀσφῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀσφῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀσφῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀσφῠοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀσφῡσῐ́ (dative plural)
ὀσφῡσῐ́ν (dative plural)
ὀσφῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
ὀσφῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs osphūsí (dative plural)
taîs osphūsín (dative plural)
osphusí (dative plural)
osphusín (dative plural)
τὴν ὀσφῦν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀσφῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀσφῦς (accusative plural)
ὀσφῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
ὀσφῦ (singular vocative)
ὀσφῠ́ε (dual vocative)
ὀσφῠ́ες (plural vocative)

Greek: οσφύς (osfýs)

The formation is similar to ἰξύς (ixús) and νηδύς (nēdús). Often connected with ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”); however, Furnée adduces φύς (phús, “loins”), pointing to a Pre-Greek prothetic vowel. He also accepts the connection with ψόα (psóa, “loin muscles”), which was suggested already by Prellwitz.

(anatomy) hips or loins, lower part of the back


σκῆψις

σκῆψῐς • (skêpsis) f (genitive σκήψεως); third declension

σκῆψῐς (canonical)
skêpsis (romanization)
σκήψεως (genitive)
ἡ σκῆψῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σκήψει (dual nominative)
αἱ σκήψεις (nominative plural)
τῆς σκήψεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκηψέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκήψεων (genitive plural)
τῇ σκήψει (dative singular)
τοῖν σκηψέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκήψεσῐ (dative plural)
σκήψεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs skḗpsesi (dative plural)
taîs skḗpsesin (dative plural)
τὴν σκῆψῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκήψει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκήψεις (accusative plural)
σκῆψῐ (singular vocative)
σκήψει (dual vocative)
σκήψεις (plural vocative)

From σκήπτω (skḗptō, “to allege, pretend”) + -σῐς (-sis).

af

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.72

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.30

458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 29

413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 122


λάρκος

grc-noun

λάρκος • (lárkos) m (genitive λάρκου); second declension

lárkos (romanization)
λάρκου (genitive)
ὁ λᾰ́ρκος (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́ρκω (dual nominative)
οἱ λᾰ́ρκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λᾰ́ρκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰ́ρκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰ́ρκων (genitive plural)
τῷ λᾰ́ρκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰ́ρκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λᾰ́ρκοις (dative plural)
τὸν λᾰ́ρκον (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́ρκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λᾰ́ρκους (accusative plural)
λᾰ́ρκε (singular vocative)
λᾰ́ρκω (dual vocative)
λᾰ́ρκοι (plural vocative)

Because of ναρκίον (narkíon, “bag, wineskin”), it has been derived from *νάρκος (*nárkos) by influence of λάρναξ (lárnax, “chest, coffin”). However, Beekes finds this hypothesis doubtful.

unk

doubtful

ὡς ἀπωλόμεσθ'. ὁ λάρκος δημότης ὅδ' ἔστ' ἐμός.

446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 333

Oh, how we are undone! This charcoal basket here is my fellow citizen.

hōs apōlómesth'. ho lárkos dēmótēs hód' ést' emós.


βατιάκη

grc-noun

βᾰτῐάκη • (batiákē) f (genitive βᾰτῐάκης); first declension

βᾰτῐάκη (canonical)
batiákē (romanization)
βᾰτῐάκης (genitive)
ἡ βᾰτῐάκη (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰτῐάκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰτῐάκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰτῐάκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰτῐάκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰτῐακῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰτῐάκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰτῐάκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰτῐάκαις (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰτῐάκην (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰτῐάκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰτῐάκᾱς (accusative plural)
βᾰτῐάκη (singular vocative)
βᾰτῐάκᾱ (dual vocative)
βᾰτῐάκαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: batiola

From Old Persian *bātiyakah (literally “phiale”), from *bātah (“wine, must”), whence also Middle Persian bʾtk' (bādag, “wine, must”). Compare Persian بادیه (bâdiye, “large bowl”). Furnée compares βάτος (bátos, “measure for liquids”).


χάβος

head

χάβος • (khábos)

Clearly related to χαμόν (khamón, “bent, curved”). The variation "μ/β" leads to a Pre-Greek origin. Traditionally compared also to Latin hāmus (“fish-hook”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: κημός (kēmós, “muzzle”).


σκέπανος

grc-noun

σκέπᾰνος • (sképanos) m (genitive σκεπᾰ́νου); second declension

σκέπᾰνος (canonical)
sképanos (romanization)
σκεπᾰ́νου (genitive)
ὁ σκέπᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκεπᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκέπᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκεπᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκεπᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκεπᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκεπᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκεπᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκεπᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν σκέπᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκεπᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκεπᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
σκέπᾰνε (singular vocative)
σκεπᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
σκέπᾰνοι (plural vocative)


ἰξύς

ἰξῡ́ς • (ixū́s) f (genitive ἰξῠ́ος); third declension

ἰξῡ́ς (canonical)
ixū́s (romanization)
ἰξῠ́ος (genitive)
ἡ ἰξῡ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰξῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἰξῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἰξῠ́ος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰξῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰξῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἰξῠ́ῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰξῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἰξῠ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἰξῠ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ixúsi (dative plural)
taîs ixúsin (dative plural)
τὴν ἰξῡ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰξῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἰξῦς (accusative plural)
ἰξῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
ἰξῡ́ (singular vocative)
ἰξῠ́ε (dual vocative)
ἰξῠ́ες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to ὀσφῦς (osphûs), δελφύς (delphús) and νηδύς (nēdús). Etymological relation with Latin īlia (“side of the body”) is improbable. Furnée proposed to connect ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”); if correct, the word is Pre-Greek because of the variation.


ὀξύγαλα

ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτος

ὀξύγᾰλᾰ • (oxúgala) n (genitive ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτος); third declension

ὀξύγᾰλᾰ (canonical)
oxúgala (romanization)
ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτος (genitive)
τὸ ὀξῠ́γᾰλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀξῠγᾰλᾰ́κτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀξῠγᾰλᾰ́κτων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀξῠγᾰλᾰ́κτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰξῐ (dative plural)
ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs oxugálaxi (dative plural)
toîs oxugálaxin (dative plural)
τὸ ὀξῠ́γᾰλᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὀξῠ́γᾰλᾰ (singular vocative)
ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτε (dual vocative)
ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὀξῠγᾰ́λᾰκτος

→ Latin: oxygala n or f

English: oxygal

From ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”) + γάλα (gála, “milk”).


μητροκοίτης

grc-noun

μητροκοίτης • (mētrokoítēs) m (genitive μητροκοίτου); first declension

mētrokoítēs (romanization)
μητροκοίτου (genitive)
ὁ μητροκοίτης (nominative singular)
τὼ μητροκοίτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ μητροκοῖται (nominative plural)
τοῦ μητροκοίτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μητροκοίταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μητροκοιτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μητροκοίτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μητροκοίταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μητροκοίταις (dative plural)
τὸν μητροκοίτην (accusative singular)
τὼ μητροκοίτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μητροκοίτᾱς (accusative plural)
μητροκοῖτᾰ (singular vocative)
μητροκοίτᾱ (dual vocative)
μητροκοῖται (plural vocative)

From μήτηρ (mḗtēr, “mother”) + κοίτη (koítē, “bed”).

af

τούτοισι θηπέων τοὺς Ἐρυθραίων παῖδας ὁ μητροκοίτης Βούπαλος σὺν Ἀρήτῃ καὶ ὑφέλξων τὸν δυσώνυμον ἄρτον.
toútoisi thēpéōn toùs Eruthraíōn paîdas ho mētrokoítēs Boúpalos sùn Arḗtēi kaì huphélxōn tòn dusṓnumon árton.

Bupalus, the mother-fucker with Arete, fooling with these words through the Erythraeans, preparing to draw back his damnable foreskin.


πύλῃσι

grc-noun form

πῠ́λῃσῐ • (púlēisi)

πῠ́λῃσῐ (canonical)
púlēisi (romanization)


πύλῃσιν

πῠ́λῃσῐν • (púlēisin)

πῠ́λῃσῐν (canonical)
púlēisin (romanization)


φαρέτρα

grc-noun

φᾰρέτρᾱ • (pharétrā) f (genitive φᾰρέτρᾱς); first declension

φᾰρέτρᾱ (canonical)
pharétrā (romanization)
φᾰρέτρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φᾰρέτραι (nominative plural)
τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρετρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φᾰρέτρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φᾰρέτραις (dative plural)
τὴν φᾰρέτρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰρέτρᾱς (accusative plural)
φᾰρέτρᾱ (singular vocative)
φᾰρέτρᾱ (dual vocative)
φᾰρέτραι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: pharetra
→ Italian: faretra
→ Portuguese: fáretra
→ Romanian: faretră

It has been assumed a derivation with a reduced grade from φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), beside a full grade in φέρετρον (phéretron, “bier, litter”). However, because a reduced grade is not accepted anymore since the laryngeal theory, a loanword with a folk-etymological adaptation should be considered.


κοτυληδών

grc-noun

κοτῠληδών • (kotulēdṓn) f (genitive κοτῠληδόνος); third declension

κοτῠληδών (canonical)
kotulēdṓn (romanization)
κοτῠληδόνος (genitive)
ἡ κοτῠληδών (nominative singular)
τὼ κοτῠληδόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ κοτῠληδόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς κοτῠληδόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοτῠληδόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοτῠληδόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ κοτῠληδόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοτῠληδόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κοτῠληδόσῐ (dative plural)
κοτῠληδόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs kotulēdósi (dative plural)
taîs kotulēdósin (dative plural)
τὴν κοτῠληδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κοτῠληδόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κοτῠληδόνᾰς (accusative plural)
κοτῠληδών (singular vocative)
κοτῠληδόνε (dual vocative)
κοτῠληδόνες (plural vocative)

→ English: cotyledon

→ Italian: cotiledone

→ Translingual: Cotyledon

Umbilicus rupestris
Umbilicus rupestris#Translingual

(in the plural) suckers on the arms of the octopus

(in the plural) cotyledons, foetal and uterine vascolar connections


μάγαδις

μάγαδῐς • (mágadis) f (genitive μαγάδῐδος); third declension

μάγαδῐς (canonical)
mágadis (romanization)
μαγάδῐδος (genitive)
ἡ μάγαδῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ μαγάδῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ μαγάδῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς μαγάδῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαγαδῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαγαδῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ μαγάδῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαγαδῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μαγάδῐσῐ (dative plural)
μαγάδῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs magádisi (dative plural)
taîs magádisin (dative plural)
τὴν μαγάδῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μαγάδῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μαγάδῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
μάγαδῐς (singular vocative)
μαγάδῐδε (dual vocative)
μαγάδῐδες (plural vocative)

Probably from Lydian, while others have proposed a Semitic origin. Furnée compares the word with πηκτίς (pēktís, “Lydian stringed instrument”) and reconstructs a pre-form *μάγδις (*mágdis).

kind of instrument with twenty strings arranged in octaves

Lydian flute producing a high and low note together


μέλκα

μέλκᾱ • (mélkā) f (genitive μέλκᾱς); first declension

μέλκᾱ (canonical)
mélkā (romanization)
μέλκᾱς (genitive)
ἡ μέλκᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ μέλκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μέλκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μέλκᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν μέλκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μελκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μέλκᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μέλκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μέλκαις (dative plural)
τὴν μέλκᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μέλκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μέλκᾱς (accusative plural)
μέλκᾱ (singular vocative)
μέλκᾱ (dual vocative)
μέλκαι (plural vocative)


πάσσαλος

πάσσᾰλος • (pássalos) m (genitive πασσᾰ́λου); second declension

πάσσᾰλος (canonical)
pássalos (romanization)
πασσᾰ́λου (genitive)
ὁ πάσσᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ πασσᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ πάσσᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πασσᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πασσᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πασσᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ πασσᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πασσᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πασσᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν πάσσᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πασσᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πασσᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
πάσσᾰλε (singular vocative)
πασσᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
πάσσᾰλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: πάσσαλος (pássalos)

→ Latin: pessulus

This word is usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to attach”). However, Beekes finds this improbable and asserts that the suffix "-αλ-" is typical of Pre-Greek.


ἴκτινος

grc-noun

ἴκτῑνος • (íktīnos) m (genitive ἰκτῑ́νου); second declension

ἴκτῑνος (canonical)
íktīnos (romanization)
ἰκτῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ ἴκτῑνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰκτῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴκτῑνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰκτῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰκτῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰκτῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰκτῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰκτῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰκτῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴκτῑνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰκτῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰκτῑ́νους (accusative plural)
ἴκτῑνε (singular vocative)
ἰκτῑ́νω (dual vocative)
ἴκτῑνοι (plural vocative)

Beekes reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *tḱiH-in (“kite”), connecting the word with Armenian ցին (cʻin, “kite”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 (saēna, “a mythical bird”), and Sanskrit श्येन (śyena, “eagle, falcon”).

cog

Milvus milvus
Milvus milvus#Translingual


θαλλός

grc-noun

θᾰλλός • (thallós) m (genitive θᾰλλοῦ); second declension

θᾰλλός (canonical)
thallós (romanization)
θᾰλλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θᾰλλός (nominative singular)
τὼ θᾰλλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θᾰλλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θᾰλλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θᾰλλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θᾰλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θᾰλλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θᾰλλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θᾰλλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θᾰλλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θᾰλλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θᾰλλούς (accusative plural)
θᾰλλέ (singular vocative)
θᾰλλώ (dual vocative)
θᾰλλοί (plural vocative)

Greek: θαλλός (thallós)

→ English: thallus

→ Italian: tallo

→ Sicilian: taḍḍu

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₁- (“to bloom, be green”), whence also θάλλω (thállō, “to bloom”). Compare Welsh dail (“leaves”) and Middle Irish duille (“foliage”). The sense “gift” comes about as a semantic loan from Egyptian, where two etymologically unrelated terms mnḥ (“papyrus stalk”) and mnḥtj (“tribute, gift”) were homophonous in Late Egyptian.

der

(botany) young shoot, young branch (especially of the olive)

(in the plural) palm leaves, which were plaited into baskets

a gift, especially one given at festivals, or given to a landlord by one whose bid for a lease was accepted


ἔτελις

head

ἔτελις • (ételis)

Latin attilus (“kind of fish”) shows a general resemblance. Farther away are Latvian āte and Lithuanian atìs (“turbot”). Strömberg rather envisages derivation from ἔταλον (étalon, “yearling”), while DELG calls both suggestions improbable.


φυσητήρ

grc-noun

φῡσητήρ • (phūsētḗr) m (genitive φῡσητῆρος); third declension

φῡσητήρ (canonical)
phūsētḗr (romanization)
φῡσητῆρος (genitive)
ὁ φῡσητήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ φῡσητῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φῡσητῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσητήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φῡσητῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φῡσητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
φῡσητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsi (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsin (dative plural)
τὸν φῡσητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φῡσητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
φῡσητήρ (singular vocative)
φῡσητῆρε (dual vocative)
φῡσητῆρες (plural vocative)

Greek: φυσητήρας (fysitíras)

desctree

→ Latin: physetēr
→ Italian: fisetere m
→ Translingual: Physeter m

From φῡσάω (phūsáō, “to blow”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).

affix

blowpipe or tube, an instrument for blowing


βούλιμος

grc-noun

βούλῑμος • (boúlīmos) m or f (genitive βουλῑ́μου); second declension

βούλῑμος (canonical)
boúlīmos (romanization)
βουλῑ́μου (genitive)
ὁ βούλῑμος (nominative singular)
τὼ βουλῑ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ βούλῑμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουλῑ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουλῑ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουλῑ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουλῑ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουλῑ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουλῑ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν βούλῑμον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουλῑ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουλῑ́μους (accusative plural)
βούλῑμε (singular vocative)
βουλῑ́μω (dual vocative)
βούλῑμοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Hebrew: בולמוס (bulmus/bulmos, “ravenous hunger”)

From βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + λῑμός (līmós, “hunger”).


παλάθη

grc-noun

παλάθη • (paláthē) f (genitive παλάθης); first declension

paláthē (romanization)
παλάθης (genitive)
ἡ παλάθη (nominative singular)
τὼ παλάθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ παλάθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς παλάθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν παλάθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν παλαθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ παλάθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν παλάθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς παλάθαις (dative plural)
τὴν παλάθην (accusative singular)
τὼ παλάθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς παλάθᾱς (accusative plural)
παλάθη (singular vocative)
παλάθᾱ (dual vocative)
παλάθαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: palatha

Has often been connected with πλάσσω (plássō, “to knead”), παλάμη (palámē, “flat of the hand”) and πέλανος (pélanos, “dough, pulp”). However, the semantics of this etymology are not compelling. Furnée compares παλάσια (palásia, “harvested figs”), suggesting a Pre-Greek etymology due to the variation “θ/σ”, but this points to Semitic origin, since “fig” is precisely what Amharic / Tigrinya / Tigre / Gurage / Ge'ez በለስ (bäläs) and Arabic بَلَس (balas) mean and that Ethiopic word even translates the Greek in the Bibles.


ὄρχαμος

ὄρχᾰμος • (órkhamos) m (genitive ὀρχάμου); second declension

ὄρχᾰμος (canonical)
órkhamos (romanization)
ὀρχάμου (genitive)
ὄρχᾰμος (nominative singular)
ὀρχᾰ́μου (genitive singular)
ὀρχᾰμοῖο (genitive singular)
ὀρχᾰ́μοιο (genitive singular)
ὀρχᾰμόο (genitive singular)
ὀρχᾰ́μοο (genitive singular)
ὀρχᾰ́μῳ (dative singular)
ὄρχᾰμον (accusative singular)
ὄρχᾰμε (singular vocative)

From the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ- (“to begin, rule, command”), the root of ἄρχω (árkhō).


ὄλλιξ

grc-noun

ὄλλιξ • (óllix) m (genitive ὄλλικος); third declension

óllix (romanization)
ὄλλικος (genitive)
ὁ ὄλλιξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄλλικε (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄλλικες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄλλικος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀλλίκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀλλίκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄλλικῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀλλίκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄλλιξῐ (dative plural)
ὄλλιξῐν (dative plural)
toîs óllixi (dative plural)
toîs óllixin (dative plural)
τὸν ὄλλικᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄλλικε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὄλλικᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄλλιξ (singular vocative)
ὄλλικε (dual vocative)
ὄλλικες (plural vocative)


τεῦτλον

τεῦτλον • (teûtlon) n (genitive τεύτλου); second declension

teûtlon (romanization)
τεύτλου (genitive)
τὸ τεῦτλον (nominative singular)
τὼ τεύτλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τεῦτλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τεύτλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τεύτλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τεύτλων (genitive plural)
τῷ τεύτλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τεύτλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τεύτλοις (dative plural)
τὸ τεῦτλον (accusative singular)
τὼ τεύτλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τεῦτλᾰ (accusative plural)
τεῦτλον (singular vocative)
τεύτλω (dual vocative)
τεῦτλᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

> Pontic Greek: σεύτελον (séftelon) (inherited)
→ Turkish: seftila — Rize

→ Greek: τεύτλο (téftlo) (learned)

desc

→ Laz: მსუტულჲა (msuťulya, “Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla”), სუტულჲა (suťulya) — Atina, Borghola, მსუტოლჲა (msuťolya) — Vizha, Artasheni, სუტოლჲა (suťolya) — Okordule, სოტოლია (soťolia), სოტელია (soťelia), სოტულია (soťulia), მსუტულია (msuťulia), მსუტელია (msuťelia), ფსუტულია (psuťulia) — Khopa, მსოტოლჲა (msoťolya) — Batumi

→ Mingrelian: სოტელია (soṭelia, “Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla”), ფსოტელია (psoṭelia), სოტელი (soṭeli), სოტოლია (soṭolia), სოტეია (soṭeia) — Martvili–Bandza

According to Frisk, the interchange "τ-/σ-" may represent an artificial Atticism or Ionicism. However, it may instead be a Pre-Greek variation.

Beta vulgaris
Beta vulgaris#Translingual


φόως

head

φόως • (phóōs) n


κρατός

grc-noun form

κρᾱτός • (krātós)

κρᾱτός (canonical)
krātós (romanization)

genitive singular of κάρη (kárē, “head”)


κεφαλάς

κεφᾰλᾱ́ς • (kephalā́s)

κεφᾰλᾱ́ς (canonical)
kephalā́s (romanization)


φόβοιο

φόβοιο • (phóboio)

(Epic) genitive singular of φόβος (phóbos)


ξείνους

ξείνους • (xeínous)