ἑταίρα

grc-noun

ἑταίρᾱ • (hetaírā) f (genitive ἑταίρᾱς); first declension

ἑταίρᾱ (canonical)
hetaírā (romanization)
ἑταίρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἑταίρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑταίρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἑταῖραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἑταίρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑταίραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑταιρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἑταίρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑταίραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἑταίραις (dative plural)
τὴν ἑταίρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑταίρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἑταίρᾱς (accusative plural)
ἑταίρᾱ (singular vocative)
ἑταίρᾱ (dual vocative)
ἑταῖραι (plural vocative)

(euphemistic) courtesan, escort, cultivated prostitute


δάφνινον

δάφνινον • (dáphninon) n (genitive δαφνίνου); second declension

dáphninon (romanization)
δαφνίνου (genitive)
τὸ δάφνῐνον (nominative singular)
τὼ δαφνῐ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δάφνῐνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δαφνῐ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δαφνῐ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δαφνῐ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ δαφνῐ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δαφνῐ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δαφνῐ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ δάφνῐνον (accusative singular)
τὼ δαφνῐ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δάφνῐνᾰ (accusative plural)
δάφνῐνον (singular vocative)
δαφνῐ́νω (dual vocative)
δάφνῐνᾰ (plural vocative)

From δάφνινος (dáphninos, “made of laurel”).

preparation made with the fruit of the laurel


ψαλλός

head

ψαλλός • (psallós)

Hesychius gives the definition as: ὕλη (húlē, “wood, forest”).


ἰρών

grc-noun

ἰρών • (irṓn) m (genitive ἰρῶνος); third declension

irṓn (romanization)
ἰρῶνος (genitive)
ὁ ἰρών (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰρῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἰρῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰρῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰρώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰρώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰρῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰρώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰρῶσῐ (dative plural)
ἰρῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs irôsi (dative plural)
toîs irôsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἰρῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰρῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰρῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἰρών (singular vocative)
ἰρῶνε (dual vocative)
ἰρῶνες (plural vocative)

The meaning of the word, found in a Cypriot inscription, is uncertain. Perhaps a misreading of οἰρών (oirṓn, “furrow of a plough”).


στρόφιγξ

στρόφῐγξ • (stróphinx) m (genitive στρόφῐγγος); third declension

στρόφῐγξ (canonical)
stróphinx (romanization)
στρόφῐγγος (genitive)
ὁ στρόφῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στρόφῐγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ στρόφῐγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρόφῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στροφῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στροφῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ στρόφῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στροφῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρόφῐγξῐ (dative plural)
στρόφῐγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs stróphinxi (dative plural)
toîs stróphinxin (dative plural)
τὸν στρόφῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στρόφῐγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρόφῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στρόφῐγξ (singular vocative)
στρόφῐγγε (dual vocative)
στρόφῐγγες (plural vocative)

Greek: στρόφιγγα (strófinga)

Ultimately from στρέφω (stréphō, “to turn, rotate”).

pivot, axle or pin on which a body turns

(in the plural) pivots working in sockets, at top and bottom of a door


ὄρπηξ

ὄρπηξ • (órpēx) m (genitive ὄρπηκος); third declension

órpēx (romanization)
ὄρπηκος (genitive)
ὁ ὄρπηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄρπηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄρπηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄρπηκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρπήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρπήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄρπηκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρπήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄρπηξῐ (dative plural)
ὄρπηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs órpēxi (dative plural)
toîs órpēxin (dative plural)
τὸν ὄρπηκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄρπηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὄρπηκᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄρπηξ (singular vocative)
ὄρπηκε (dual vocative)
ὄρπηκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like σκώληξ (skṓlēx), κάχληξ (kákhlēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The comparison with Lithuanian várpa (“ear of corn”) is not very illuminating. Commonly derived from the root of Latin sarpō (“to trim”), Latin sarmentum (“osiers”) and ἅρπη (hárpē, “sickle”); Beekes, on the grounds that an o-grade of this root is not attested elsewhere, claims that it is a Pre-Greek word.

goad, lance, anything made with saplings


ἐκκλησίᾳ

grc-noun form

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾳ • (ekklēsíāi)

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾳ (canonical)
ekklēsíāi (romanization)


ἐκκλησίαι

ἐκκλησῐ́αι • (ekklēsíai)

ἐκκλησῐ́αι (canonical)
ekklēsíai (romanization)

nominative/vocative plural of ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱ (ekklēsíā)


ἐκκλησίαις

ἐκκλησῐ́αις • (ekklēsíais)

ἐκκλησῐ́αις (canonical)
ekklēsíais (romanization)


ἐκκλησίαν

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱν • (ekklēsíān)

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱν (canonical)
ekklēsíān (romanization)

accusative singular of ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱ (ekklēsíā)


ἐκκλησιῶν

ἐκκλησῐῶν • (ekklēsiôn)

ἐκκλησῐῶν (canonical)
ekklēsiôn (romanization)


ἐκκλησίας

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱς • (ekklēsíās)

ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱς (canonical)
ekklēsíās (romanization)

inflection of ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱ (ekklēsíā):
genitive singular

inflection of ἐκκλησῐ́ᾱ (ekklēsíā):
accusative plural


μηλολόνθη

grc-noun

μηλολόνθη • (mēlolónthē) f (genitive μηλολόνθης); first declension

mēlolónthē (romanization)
μηλολόνθης (genitive)
ἡ μηλολόνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ μηλολόνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μηλολόνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μηλολόνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηλολόνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηλολονθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μηλολόνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηλολόνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μηλολόνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν μηλολόνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ μηλολόνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μηλολόνθᾱς (accusative plural)
μηλολόνθη (singular vocative)
μηλολόνθᾱ (dual vocative)
μηλολόνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Melolontha

Possibly from μῆλον (mêlon, “apple, fruit”) + ὄλλυμι (óllumi, “destroy”). But rather from μῆλον (mêlon, “sheep”) + ὄλυνθος (ólunthos, “wild fig”).


κάρρον

grc-noun

κάρρον • (kárrhon) n (genitive κάρρου); second declension

kárrhon (romanization)
κάρρου (genitive)
τὸ κᾰ́ρρον (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́ρρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́ρρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰ́ρρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́ρροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰ́ρρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰ́ρρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́ρροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰ́ρροις (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰ́ρρον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́ρρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́ρρᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾰ́ρρον (singular vocative)
κᾰ́ρρω (dual vocative)
κᾰ́ρρᾰ (plural vocative)

> Greek: κάρο n (káro) (inherited)

Borrowed from Latin carrum, neuter of carrus (see the variant κάρρος m (kárrhos)), itself from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”). Also see the Italian carro.


πάταγος

πάτᾰγος • (pátagos) m (genitive πατᾰ́γου); second declension

πάτᾰγος (canonical)
pátagos (romanization)
πατᾰ́γου (genitive)
ὁ πάτᾰγος (nominative singular)
τὼ πατᾰ́γω (dual nominative)
οἱ πάτᾰγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πατᾰ́γου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πατᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πατᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ πατᾰ́γῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πατᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πατᾰ́γοις (dative plural)
τὸν πάτᾰγον (accusative singular)
τὼ πατᾰ́γω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πατᾰ́γους (accusative plural)
πάτᾰγε (singular vocative)
πατᾰ́γω (dual vocative)
πάτᾰγοι (plural vocative)

Latin: patagus

Possibly of onomatopoeic origin. The suffix in -γ- is found in semantically close forms, such as λαλαγή (lalagḗ), σμαραγέω (smaragéō) and οἰμωγή (oimōgḗ). Furnée compares σπαταγγίζειν (spatangízein); the word could also be of Pre-Greek origin.


ποιότητες

grc-noun form

ποιότητες • (poiótētes) f

nominative/vocative plural of ποιότης (poiótēs)


ποιοτήτων

ποιοτήτων • (poiotḗtōn) f


οἰρών

grc-noun

οἰρών • (oirṓn) m (genitive οἰρῶνος); third declension

oirṓn (romanization)
οἰρῶνος (genitive)
ὁ οἰρών (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰρῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ οἰρῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ οἰρῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰρώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰρώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ οἰρῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰρώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς οἰρῶσῐ (dative plural)
οἰρῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs oirôsi (dative plural)
toîs oirôsin (dative plural)
τὸν οἰρῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰρῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς οἰρῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
οἰρών (singular vocative)
οἰρῶνε (dual vocative)
οἰρῶνες (plural vocative)

Schulze compare the word with Sanskrit सीता (sītā, “furrow”), सीर (sīra, “plough”) and सीमा (sīmā, “frontier, boundary, edge”), which is semantically and formally quite possible. Beekes suggests a common derivation from Proto-Indo-European *soHi-r- (“furrow”).


πλῆγμα

πλῆγμα • (plêgma) n (genitive πλήγμᾰτος); third declension

plêgma (romanization)
πλήγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πλῆγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πλήγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πλήγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλήγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πληγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πληγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πλήγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πληγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλήγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πλήγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs plḗgmasi (dative plural)
toîs plḗgmasin (dative plural)
τὸ πλῆγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πλήγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πλήγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πλῆγμᾰ (singular vocative)
πλήγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πλήγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πλήγμα (plígma)

From πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike”) + -μα (-ma).


ἄνδηρον

grc-noun

ἄνδηρον • (ándēron) n (genitive ἀνδήρου); second declension

ándēron (romanization)
ἀνδήρου (genitive)
τὸ ἄνδηρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνδήρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἄνδηρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀνδήρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνδήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνδήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀνδήρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνδήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀνδήροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἄνδηρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνδήρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἄνδηρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἄνδηρον (singular vocative)
ἀνδήρω (dual vocative)
ἄνδηρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: άνδηρο (ándiro)

Neumann points to the fact that many words connected with irrigation don't look of Indo-European origin and, beside this word, he mentions ἄρδω (árdō, “to irrigate”) and γόργῡρα (górgūra, “underground drain”). Furnée thinks that the suffix "-ηρον" is Pre-Greek.

raised bank by the side of a river or ditch


κηλίς

κηλῑ́ς • (kēlī́s) f (genitive κηλῖδος); third declension

κηλῑ́ς (canonical)
kēlī́s (romanization)
κηλῖδος (genitive)
ἡ κηλῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κηλῖδε (dual nominative)
αἱ κηλῖδες (nominative plural)
τῆς κηλῖδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηλῑ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηλῑ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κηλῖδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηλῑ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κηλῖσῐ (dative plural)
κηλῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs kēlîsi (dative plural)
taîs kēlîsin (dative plural)
τὴν κηλῖδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κηλῖδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κηλῖδᾰς (accusative plural)
κηλῑ́ς (singular vocative)
κηλῖδε (dual vocative)
κηλῖδες (plural vocative)

Greek: κηλίδα (kilída)

The formation is like κνημίς (knēmís, “greave”). A comparable meaning can be found in Latin calidus (“with a bless on the head”). To the same semantic sphere also belongs Lithuanian kalýbas (“white-necked”) and Old Irish caile (“stain”). Beekes proposes a common derivation from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂l- (“white spot”).


Λεωνίδην

grc-noun form

Λεωνῐ́δην • (Leōnídēn)

Λεωνῐ́δην (canonical)
Leōnídēn (romanization)

accusative singular of Λεωνῐ́δης (Leōnídēs)


Λεωνίδου

Λεωνῐ́δου • (Leōnídou)

Λεωνῐ́δου (canonical)
Leōnídou (romanization)

genitive singular of Λεωνῐ́δης (Leōnídēs)


Λεωνίδῃ

Λεωνῐ́δῃ • (Leōnídēi)

Λεωνῐ́δῃ (canonical)
Leōnídēi (romanization)


ἔπεσσι

ἔπεσσῐ • (épessi)

ἔπεσσῐ (canonical)
épessi (romanization)


ἔπεσσιν

ἔπεσσῐν • (épessin)

ἔπεσσῐν (canonical)
épessin (romanization)

dative plural of ἔπος (épos) with movable nu


ὖ

ύψιλον ύψιλον

Old name of the letter υ (upsilon, see ὖ ψιλόν (û psilón), ύψιλον).


Λεωνίδης

grc-noun

Λεωνῐ́δης • (Leōnídēs) m (genitive Λεωνῐ́δου); first declension

Λεωνῐ́δης (canonical)
Leōnídēs (romanization)
Λεωνῐ́δου (genitive)
ὁ Λεωνῐ́δης (nominative singular)
τοῦ Λεωνῐ́δου (genitive singular)
τῷ Λεωνῐ́δῃ (dative singular)
τὸν Λεωνῐ́δην (accusative singular)
Λεωνῐ́δη (singular vocative)
ὁ Λεωνῐ́δης (nominative singular)
τοῦ Λεωνῐ́δεω (genitive singular)
Λεωνῐ́δω (genitive singular)
τῷ Λεωνῐ́δῃ (dative singular)
τὸν Λεωνῐ́δην (accusative singular)
Λεωνῐ́δη (singular vocative)

Attic and Ionic form of Λεωνῐ́δᾱς (Leōnídās)


Λεωνίδεω

grc-noun form

Λεωνῐ́δεω • (Leōnídeō)

Λεωνῐ́δεω (canonical)
Leōnídeō (romanization)


ποιότητας

ποιότητᾰς • (poiótētas) f

ποιότητᾰς (canonical)
poiótētas (romanization)


ἑψία

grc-noun

ἑψῐ́ᾱ • (hepsíā) f (genitive ἑψῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἑψῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
hepsíā (romanization)
ἑψῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἑψῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑψῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἑψῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἑψῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑψῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑψῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἑψῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑψῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἑψῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἑψῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑψῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἑψῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἑψῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἑψῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἑψῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Schaffner reconstructs an Proto-Indo-European root with Germanic reflexes. According to Beekes, the presence of variations leads to a Pre-Greek origin, but Nikolaev rejects this.


κοπροθήκη

κοπροθήκη • (koprothḗkē) f (genitive κοπροθήκης); first declension

koprothḗkē (romanization)
κοπροθήκης (genitive)
ἡ κοπροθήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ κοπροθήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κοπροθῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κοπροθήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοπροθήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοπροθηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κοπροθήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοπροθήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κοπροθήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν κοπροθήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ κοπροθήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κοπροθήκᾱς (accusative plural)
κοπροθήκη (singular vocative)
κοπροθήκᾱ (dual vocative)
κοπροθῆκαι (plural vocative)

From κόπρος (kópros, “dung”) and -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, box”).


ἄραδος

ἄρᾰδος • (árados) m (genitive ἀρᾰ́δου); second declension

ἄρᾰδος (canonical)
árados (romanization)
ἀρᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ ἄρᾰδος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄρᾰδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄρᾰδον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀρᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
ἄρᾰδε (singular vocative)
ἀρᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
ἄρᾰδοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to κέλαδος (kélados) and ὅμαδος (hómados). Perhaps onomatopoeic but compare ἄραβος (árabos).


χάραξ

χάραξ • (khárax) m or f (genitive χάρᾰκος); third declension

khárax (romanization)
χάρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ χᾰ́ρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ χᾰ́ρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς χᾰ́ρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
χᾰ́ρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs kháraxi (dative plural)
taîs kháraxin (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
χᾰ́ρᾰξ (singular vocative)
χᾰ́ρᾰκε (dual vocative)
χᾰ́ρᾰκες (plural vocative)

Greek: χάρακας (chárakas)

→ Latin: characium

Catalan: carràs

Gascon: carràs

desctree

→? Vulgar Latin: *characulum, *caraculum
Catalan: carall
Old Galician-Portuguese: caralho
Fala: carallu
Galician: carallo
Portuguese: caralho
Spanish: carajo

Translingual: Charax

The formation is similar to κάμαξ (kámax, “vine pole, prop”) and πίναξ (pínax, “board, plank”), and the traditional connection with Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape”) does not explain the Greek formation. In view of the suffix, the word is most probably Pre-Greek; see χαράσσω (kharássō, “to sharpen, engrave”) for more.

pale used in fortifying the entrenchments of a camp


διάνοιαι

grc-noun form

δῐᾰ́νοιαι • (diánoiai)

δῐᾰ́νοιαι (canonical)
diánoiai (romanization)

nominative/vocative plural of δῐᾰ́νοιᾰ (diánoia)


διανοίᾳ

δῐᾰνοίᾳ • (dianoíāi)

δῐᾰνοίᾳ (canonical)
dianoíāi (romanization)


διανοιῶν

δῐᾰνοιῶν • (dianoiôn)

δῐᾰνοιῶν (canonical)
dianoiôn (romanization)


διάνοιαν

δῐᾰ́νοιᾰν • (diánoian)

δῐᾰ́νοιᾰν (canonical)
diánoian (romanization)

accusative singular of δῐᾰ́νοιᾰ (diánoia)


διανοίαις

δῐᾰνοίαις • (dianoíais)

δῐᾰνοίαις (canonical)
dianoíais (romanization)


διανοίας

δῐᾰνοίᾱς • (dianoíās)

δῐᾰνοίᾱς (canonical)
dianoíās (romanization)

inflection of δῐᾰ́νοιᾰ (diánoia):
genitive singular

inflection of δῐᾰ́νοιᾰ (diánoia):
accusative plural


αἰτίᾳ

αἰτῐ́ᾳ • (aitíāi)

αἰτῐ́ᾳ (canonical)
aitíāi (romanization)


ψαλμῳδός

grc-noun

ψαλμῳδός • (psalmōidós) m (genitive ψαλμῳδοῦ); second declension

psalmōidós (romanization)
ψαλμῳδοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ψαλμῳδός (nominative singular)
τὼ ψαλμῳδώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ψαλμῳδοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψαλμῳδοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψαλμῳδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψαλμῳδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ψαλμῳδῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψαλμῳδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψαλμῳδοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ψαλμῳδόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ψαλμῳδώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ψαλμῳδούς (accusative plural)
ψαλμῳδέ (singular vocative)
ψαλμῳδώ (dual vocative)
ψαλμῳδοί (plural vocative)

From ψαλμός (psalmós, “psalm”) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”) + -ος (-os).


χρέμυς

grc-noun

χρέμῠς • (khrémus) m (genitive χρέμῠος); third declension

χρέμῠς (canonical)
khrémus (romanization)
χρέμῠος (genitive)
ὁ χρέμῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ χρέμῠε (dual nominative)
οἱ χρέμῠες (nominative plural)
τοῦ χρέμῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χρεμῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χρεμῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ χρέμῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
χρέμυι (dative singular)
τοῖν χρεμῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χρέμῠσῐ (dative plural)
χρέμῠσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khrémusi (dative plural)
toîs khrémusin (dative plural)
τὸν χρέμῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ χρέμῠε (accusative dual)
τοὺς χρέμῡς (accusative plural)
χρέμῠᾰς (accusative plural)
χρέμῠ (singular vocative)
χρέμῠε (dual vocative)
χρέμῠες (plural vocative)

Furnée connects the word with κρεμύς (kremús, “a kind of fish”) and considers it of Pre-Greek origin.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ὀνίσκος (onískos, “cod”).


κάχληξ

κάχληξ • (kákhlēx) m (genitive κάχληκος); third declension

kákhlēx (romanization)
κάχληκος (genitive)
ὁ κάχληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κάχληκε (dual nominative)
οἱ κάχληκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κάχληκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν καχλήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καχλήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ κάχληκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν καχλήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κάχληξῐ (dative plural)
κάχληξῐν (dative plural)
toîs kákhlēxi (dative plural)
toîs kákhlēxin (dative plural)
τὸν κάχληκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κάχληκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κάχληκᾰς (accusative plural)
κάχληξ (singular vocative)
κάχληκε (dual vocative)
κάχληκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like τράφηξ (tráphēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The word has been compared with Proto-Germanic *haglaz (“hail, hailstone”). Beekes claims that the presence of the alternative form points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ἴκτις

grc-noun

ἴκτῐς • (íktis) f (genitive ἴκτῐδος); third declension

ἴκτῐς (canonical)
íktis (romanization)
ἴκτῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ῐ̓́κτῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́κτῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῐ̓́κτῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῐ̓́κτῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓κτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓κτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῐ̓́κτῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓κτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῐ̓́κτῐσῐ (dative plural)
ῐ̓́κτῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs íktisi (dative plural)
taîs íktisin (dative plural)
τὴν ῐ̓́κτῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́κτῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῐ̓́κτῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ῐ̓́κτῐς (singular vocative)
ῐ̓́κτῐδε (dual vocative)
ῐ̓́κτῐδες (plural vocative)

Compare Old Armenian աքիս (akʻis). Beekes gives no etymology.

unk

no etymology


ἀσκάλαφος

grc-noun

ἀσκάλαφος • (askálaphos) m (genitive ἀσκαλάφου); second declension

askálaphos (romanization)
ἀσκαλάφου (genitive)
ὁ ἀσκάλαφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλάφω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀσκάλαφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσκαλάφου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλάφοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκαλάφων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσκαλάφῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλάφοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσκαλάφοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀσκάλαφον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλάφω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀσκαλάφους (accusative plural)
ἀσκάλαφε (singular vocative)
ἀσκαλάφω (dual vocative)
ἀσκάλαφοι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Ascalaphus

The suffix -φος in animal names is well known. According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.


φάλκης

φάλκης • (phálkēs) m (genitive φάλκου); first declension

phálkēs (romanization)
φάλκου (genitive)
ὁ φάλκης (nominative singular)
τὼ φάλκᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ φάλκαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φάλκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φάλκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φαλκῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φάλκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φάλκαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φάλκαις (dative plural)
τὸν φάλκην (accusative singular)
τὼ φάλκᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φάλκᾱς (accusative plural)
φάλκη (singular vocative)
φάλκᾱ (dual vocative)
φάλκαι (plural vocative)

→ Italian: falca

The word has been connected with φάλαγξ (phálanx, “trunk; beam”), Latin falx (“scythe”) and φάλκη (phálkē). According to Beekes, the word may well be from Pre-Greek. For the latter possibility, compare also ἄφλᾰστον (áphlaston).


γοσσύπιον

γοσσύπιον • (gossúpion) n (genitive γοσσυπίου); second declension

gossúpion (romanization)
γοσσυπίου (genitive)
τὸ γοσσύπιον (nominative singular)
τὼ γοσσυπίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γοσσύπιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γοσσυπίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γοσσυπίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γοσσυπίων (genitive plural)
τῷ γοσσυπίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γοσσυπίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γοσσυπίοις (dative plural)
τὸ γοσσύπιον (accusative singular)
τὼ γοσσυπίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γοσσύπιᾰ (accusative plural)
γοσσύπιον (singular vocative)
γοσσυπίω (dual vocative)
γοσσύπιᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: gossypium

Ultimately from Sanskrit कर्पास (karpāsa, “cotton”), whence also Hebrew כַּרְפַּס (karpás, “fabric of cotton”), κάρπᾰσος (kárpasos, “fabric of cotton”), Latin carbasus (“fabric of cotton”).


ὀνίσκος

grc-noun

ὀνῐ́σκος • (onískos) m (genitive ὀνῐ́σκου); second declension

ὀνῐ́σκος (canonical)
onískos (romanization)
ὀνῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ ὀνῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀνῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀνῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀνῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀνῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀνῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀνῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀνῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀνῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀνῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀνῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀνῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
ὀνῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
ὀνῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
ὀνῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

Latin: oniscus

→ Translingual: Oniscus

From ὄνος (ónos, “donkey, ass”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ískos).


βρόχθος

grc-noun

βρόχθος • (brókhthos) m (genitive βρόχθου); second declension

brókhthos (romanization)
βρόχθου (genitive)
ὁ βρόχθος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρόχθω (dual nominative)
οἱ βρόχθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρόχθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρόχθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρόχθων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρόχθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρόχθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρόχθοις (dative plural)
τὸν βρόχθον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρόχθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρόχθους (accusative plural)
βρόχθε (singular vocative)
βρόχθω (dual vocative)
βρόχθοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root of βρόζαι (brózai) and βρόγχος (brónkhos). Compare English craw.


ῥίον

ῥίον • (rhíon) n (genitive ῥίου); second declension

rhíon (romanization)
ῥίου (genitive)
τὸ ῥῐ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ῥῐ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥῐ́ον (singular vocative)
ῥῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ῥῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

The word is isolated within Hellenic and has no certain etymology. If it originally had an initial "ϝ-", it would recall βρία (bría, “town”) and perhaps also Tocharian B riye (“town”). The connections with Proto-Germanic *risiz (“giant”), Latin verrūca (“wart”), Proto-Slavic *vьrxъ (“top, peak”) and Sanskrit वर्ष्मन् (varṣman, “height, top”) are no better. As an alternative to all these problematic suggestions, Beekes considers the possibility that the word is of Pre-Greek origin.
Attested in Mycenaean Greek as 𐀪𐀍 (ri-jo).

cog

peak, summit, any jutting part of a mountain


αἶκλον

grc-noun

αἶκλον • (aîklon) n (genitive αἴκλου); second declension

aîklon (romanization)
αἴκλου (genitive)
τὸ αἶκλον (nominative singular)
τὼ αἴκλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ αἶκλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἴκλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἴκλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἴκλων (genitive plural)
τῷ αἴκλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἴκλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἴκλοις (dative plural)
τὸ αἶκλον (accusative singular)
τὼ αἴκλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ αἶκλᾰ (accusative plural)
αἶκλον (singular vocative)
αἴκλω (dual vocative)
αἶκλᾰ (plural vocative)

Furnée points to εἶκλον (eîklon) and compares ἰκνεῖος (ikneîos), concluding that this is a Pre-Greek word.


ὅμαδος

ὅμᾰδος • (hómados) m (genitive ὅμᾰ́δου); second declension

ὅμᾰδος (canonical)
hómados (romanization)
ὅμᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ ὅμᾰδος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὁμᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὅμᾰδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὁμᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὁμᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὁμᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὁμᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὁμᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὁμᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὅμᾰδον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὁμᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὁμᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
ὅμᾰδε (singular vocative)
ὁμᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
ὅμᾰδοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to ἄραδος (árados), κέλαδος (kélados) and χρόμαδος (khrómados). Usually connected with Sanskrit समद् (samad, “strife, battle”). The word could belong to ὁμάζω (homázō, “to growl”) and thus of onomatopoeic origin, although DELG rejects this comparison because of the semantics.

noise, din, especially of the voices of men


στράγξ

στράγξ • (stránx) f (genitive στραγγός); third declension

stránx (romanization)
στραγγός (genitive)
ἡ στράγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στράγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ στράγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς στραγγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν στραγγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν στραγγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στραγγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν στραγγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς στραγξῐ́ (dative plural)
στραγξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs stranxí (dative plural)
taîs stranxín (dative plural)
τὴν στρᾶγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στράγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στράγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στράγξ (singular vocative)
στράγγε (dual vocative)
στράγγες (plural vocative)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“to twist; rope”) (with morphological formation similar to that of στρίγξ (strínx) and λύγξ (lúnx)), and compared with Latin stringō (“to tie together”), Latvian stringt (“to become stiff”), and Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”). The sense development would be "to twist" > "to wrench, squeeze out" > "squeezed-out drop", while the root στραγγ- (strang-) would arise as a contamination of a zero-grade *στραγ- (*strag-) (< *strn̥gʰ-) and an e-grade *στρεγγ- (*streng-) (< *strengʰ-), with a substitution of *g for *gʰ in the nominal singular στράγξ (stránx). However, according to Beekes, it is not improbable that the word is Pre-Greek, due to the Indo-European derivation requiring several analogies and semantic shifts.


ψαλόν

Apparently near-synonymous with χαλινός (khalinós, “bridle”). From the same root as ψάλιον (psálion, “curb-chain”), ψέλιον (psélion, “anklet worn by the Persians”).

ψαλόν· εἶδος χαλινοῦ

[5th c. C.E., Hesychius of Alexandria, Γλώσσαι, Ψ:


κνημίς

grc-noun

κνημῑ́ς • (knēmī́s) f (genitive κνημῖδος); third declension

κνημῑ́ς (canonical)
knēmī́s (romanization)
κνημῖδος (genitive)
ἡ κνημῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κνημῖδε (dual nominative)
αἱ κνημῖδες (nominative plural)
τῆς κνημῖδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κνημῑ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κνημῑ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κνημῖδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κνημῑ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κνημῖσῐ (dative plural)
κνημῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs knēmîsi (dative plural)
taîs knēmîsin (dative plural)
τὴν κνημῖδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κνημῖδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κνημῖδᾰς (accusative plural)
κνημῑ́ς (singular vocative)
κνημῖδε (dual vocative)
κνημῖδες (plural vocative)

→ English: cnemis, cnemid

From κνήμη (knḗmē, “shin, tibia”) + -ίς (-ís).


ἐνιπή

grc-noun

ἐνῑπή • (enīpḗ) f (genitive ἐνῑπῆς); first declension

ἐνῑπή (canonical)
enīpḗ (romanization)
ἐνῑπῆς (genitive)
ἡ ἐνῑπή (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐνῑπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐνῑπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐνῑπῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐνῑπαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐνῑπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐνῑπῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐνῑπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐνῑπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ἐνῑπήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐνῑπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐνῑπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ἐνῑπή (singular vocative)
ἐνῑπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ἐνῑπαί (plural vocative)


βορβορυγμός

βορβορυγμός • (borborugmós) m (genitive βορβορυγμοῦ); second declension

borborugmós (romanization)
βορβορυγμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βορβορυγμός (nominative singular)
τὼ βορβορυγμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βορβορυγμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βορβορυγμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βορβορυγμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βορβορυγμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βορβορυγμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βορβορυγμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βορβορυγμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βορβορυγμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βορβορυγμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βορβορυγμούς (accusative plural)
βορβορυγμέ (singular vocative)
βορβορυγμώ (dual vocative)
βορβορυγμοί (plural vocative)

English: borborygm

From βορβορύζω (borborúzō, “to rumble”) + -μός (-mós), an imitative reduplicated formation, see also βόρβορος (bórboros, “filth”).

onomatopoeic

imitative


τράφηξ

grc-noun

τράφηξ • (tráphēx) m (genitive τράφηκος); third declension

tráphēx (romanization)
τράφηκος (genitive)
ὁ τράφηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ τράφηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ τράφηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τράφηκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τραφήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τραφήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ τράφηκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τραφήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τράφηξῐ (dative plural)
τράφηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs tráphēxi (dative plural)
toîs tráphēxin (dative plural)
τὸν τράφηκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τράφηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τράφηκᾰς (accusative plural)
τράφηξ (singular vocative)
τράφηκε (dual vocative)
τράφηκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like πήληξ (pḗlēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The word is usually connected to Latin trabs (“beam”).
According to Beekes, the suffix and the presence of variations show that the word is from Pre-Greek. Furnée also compares τράμπις (trámpis, “foreign ship”), in which case we have a prenasalized variant as well.


ξενοδοχεῖον

ξενοδοχεῖον • (xenodokheîon) n (genitive ξενοδοχείου); second declension

xenodokheîon (romanization)
ξενοδοχείου (genitive)
τὸ ξενοδοχεῖον (nominative singular)
τὼ ξενοδοχείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ξενοδοχεῖᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξενοδοχείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ξενοδοχείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ξενοδοχείων (genitive plural)
τῷ ξενοδοχείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ξενοδοχείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξενοδοχείοις (dative plural)
τὸ ξενοδοχεῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ ξενοδοχείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ξενοδοχεῖᾰ (accusative plural)
ξενοδοχεῖον (singular vocative)
ξενοδοχείω (dual vocative)
ξενοδοχεῖᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ξενοδοχείο (xenodocheío)

Latin: xenodochium

From ξένος (xénos, “foreign”) and δοχεῖον (dokheîon, “holder”).


κόρνοψ

κόρνοψ • (kórnops) m (genitive κόρνοπος); third declension

kórnops (romanization)
κόρνοπος (genitive)
ὁ κόρνοψ (nominative singular)
τὼ κόρνοπε (dual nominative)
οἱ κόρνοπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κόρνοπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορνόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορνόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ κόρνοπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορνόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κόρνοψῐ (dative plural)
κόρνοψῐν (dative plural)
toîs kórnopsi (dative plural)
toîs kórnopsin (dative plural)
τὸν κόρνοπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κόρνοπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κόρνοπᾰς (accusative plural)
κόρνοψ (singular vocative)
κόρνοπε (dual vocative)
κόρνοπες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to δρύοψ (drúops), κώνωψ (kṓnōps) and σκάλοψ (skálops). The suffix is typical of Pre-Greek.


ἐρῳδιός

ἐρῳδῐός • (erōidiós) m (genitive ἐρῳδῐοῦ); second declension

ἐρῳδῐός (canonical)
erōidiós (romanization)
ἐρῳδῐοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἐρῳδῐός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῳδῐώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐρῳδῐοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρῳδῐοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῳδῐοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῳδῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρῳδῐῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῳδῐοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρῳδῐοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἐρῳδῐόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῳδῐώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐρῳδῐούς (accusative plural)
ἐρῳδῐέ (singular vocative)
ἐρῳδῐώ (dual vocative)
ἐρῳδῐοί (plural vocative)

Greek: ερωδιός (erodiós)

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܗܪܘܕܐ (hrwdʾ), ܐܪܘܕܝܣ (ʾrwdys)

→ Old Armenian: արիովդ (ariovd)

→ Translingual: Erodium

The ending is similar to other bird names, like αἰγυπιός (aigupiós), αἰγωλιός (aigōliós) and χαραδριός (kharadriós). The resemblance with Latin ardea (“heron”) and Serbo-Croatian róda (“stork”) cannot be coincidental. According to Beekes, the word could be of Pre-Greek origin because of the variants.


σίλφη

grc-noun

σῐ́λφη • (sílphē) f (genitive σῐ́λφης); first declension

σῐ́λφη (canonical)
sílphē (romanization)
σῐ́λφης (genitive)
ἡ σῐ́λφη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐ́λφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐ́λφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐ́λφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐ́λφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐλφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐ́λφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐ́λφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐ́λφαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῐ́λφην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐ́λφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐ́λφᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐ́λφη (singular vocative)
σῐ́λφᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐ́λφαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Silpha

The variant could be an artificial Atticism or show a Pre-Greek alternation σ-/τ-. The form semantically and formally resembles σέρφος (sérphos, “small winged insect”), while Furnée connects Latin delpa (“kind of insect”).

Blattella germanica
Blattella germanica#Translingual


ἑλέπολις

ἑλέπολῐς • (helépolis) f (genitive ἑλεπόλεως); third declension

ἑλέπολῐς (canonical)
helépolis (romanization)
ἑλεπόλεως (genitive)
ἡ ἑλέπολῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑλεπόλει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἑλεπόλεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἑλεπόλεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑλεπολέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑλεπόλεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἑλεπόλει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑλεπολέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἑλεπόλεσῐ (dative plural)
ἑλεπόλεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs helepólesi (dative plural)
taîs helepólesin (dative plural)
τὴν ἑλέπολῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑλεπόλει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἑλεπόλεις (accusative plural)
ἑλέπολῐ (singular vocative)
ἑλεπόλει (dual vocative)
ἑλεπόλεις (plural vocative)

Latin: helepolis

From ἑλε- (hele-, “to take, capture”, aorist stem of αἱρέω (hairéō)) + πόλις (pólis, “city”): literally “taking or capturing cities”.

affix

aorist stem of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">αἱρέω</i> (hairéō)


φιτρός

grc-noun

φιτρός • (phitrós) m (genitive φιτροῦ); second declension

phitrós (romanization)
φιτροῦ (genitive)
ὁ φιτρός (nominative singular)
τὼ φιτρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φιτροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φιτροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φιτροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φιτρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φιτρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φιτροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φιτροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φιτρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φιτρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φιτρούς (accusative plural)
φιτρέ (singular vocative)
φιτρώ (dual vocative)
φιτροί (plural vocative)

Explained by Beekes as an instrument noun from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”) and cognate with Proto-Celtic *binati (“to hit”) and Latin perfines.


δοῦπος

grc-noun

δοῦπος • (doûpos) m (genitive δούπου); second declension

doûpos (romanization)
δούπου (genitive)
ὁ δοῦπος (nominative singular)
τὼ δούπω (dual nominative)
οἱ δοῦποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δούπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δούποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δούπων (genitive plural)
τῷ δούπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δούποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δούποις (dative plural)
τὸν δοῦπον (accusative singular)
τὼ δούπω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δούπους (accusative plural)
δοῦπε (singular vocative)
δούπω (dual vocative)
δοῦποι (plural vocative)

The word shows some resemblance to Latvian dupêtiês (“dead sound”) and Serbo-Croatian dűpiti (“to slay”), but the initial γδ- found in some compounds suggests a Pre-Greek origin. Compare Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-.


πήληξ

πήληξ • (pḗlēx) f (genitive πήληκος); third declension

pḗlēx (romanization)
πήληκος (genitive)
ἡ πήληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (dual nominative)
αἱ πήληκες (nominative plural)
τῆς πήληκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πηλήκων (genitive plural)
τῇ πήληκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πήληξῐ (dative plural)
πήληξῐν (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxi (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxin (dative plural)
τὴν πήληκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πήληκᾰς (accusative plural)
πήληξ (singular vocative)
πήληκε (dual vocative)
πήληκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like τράφηξ (tráphēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The suffix "-ηξ" often occurs in Pre-Greek words.


νηρίτης

νηρῑ́της • (nērī́tēs) m (genitive νηρῑ́του); first declension

νηρῑ́της (canonical)
nērī́tēs (romanization)
νηρῑ́του (genitive)
ὁ νηρῑ́της (nominative singular)
τὼ νηρῑ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ νηρῖται (nominative plural)
τοῦ νηρῑ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν νηρῑ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νηρῑτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ νηρῑ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νηρῑ́ταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νηρῑ́ταις (dative plural)
τὸν νηρῑ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ νηρῑ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς νηρῑ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
νηρῖτᾰ (singular vocative)
νηρῑ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
νηρῖται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: nārīta (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Nerita

The connection with νηρόν (nērón, “water”) is refuted by the forms with the vocalic anlaut “α-”. Furnée takes this initial variation as evidence for a Pre-Greek origin. Plevačová draws the term to Finnish nieriä (“saibling”) – which see for more relatives –, downplaying the semantic difference by noting that both are longish sea creatures caught in a fisher’s net and the contexts in which the Greek and Latin are attested may as well point to a fish.


ἵδρυμα

ἵδρῡμᾰ • (hídrūma) n (genitive ἱδρῡ́μᾰτος); third declension

ἵδρῡμᾰ (canonical)
hídrūma (romanization)
ἱδρῡ́μᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἵδρῡμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱδρῡμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱδρῡμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱδρῡμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱδρῡ́μᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἱδρῡ́μᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hidrū́masi (dative plural)
toîs hidrū́masin (dative plural)
τὸ ἵδρῡμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἱδρῡ́μᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἵδρῡμᾰ (singular vocative)
ἱδρῡ́μᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἱδρῡ́μᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ίδρυμα (ídryma)

From ἱδρύω (hidrúō, “settle, establish”) + -μᾰ (-ma).


ἅμιλλα

grc-noun

ἅμιλλα • (hámilla) f (genitive ἁμίλλης); first declension

hámilla (romanization)
ἁμίλλης (genitive)
ἡ ἅμιλλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἁμίλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἅμιλλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἁμίλλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἁμίλλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἁμιλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἁμίλλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἁμίλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἁμίλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἅμιλλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἁμίλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἁμίλλᾱς (accusative plural)
ἅμιλλᾰ (singular vocative)
ἁμίλλᾱ (dual vocative)
ἅμιλλαι (plural vocative)

Greek: άμιλλα (ámilla)

According to Beekes, the ending in "-ιλλ-" points to a Pre-Greek origin.


σπαλίων

σπᾰλίων • (spalíōn) m (genitive σπᾰλίωνος); third declension

σπᾰλίων (canonical)
spalíōn (romanization)
σπᾰλίωνος (genitive)
ὁ σπᾰλίων (nominative singular)
τὼ σπᾰλίωνε (dual nominative)
οἱ σπᾰλίωνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπᾰλίωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπᾰλιώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπᾰλιώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπᾰλίωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπᾰλιώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπᾰλίωσῐ (dative plural)
σπᾰλίωσῐν (dative plural)
toîs spalíōsi (dative plural)
toîs spalíōsin (dative plural)
τὸν σπᾰλίωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπᾰλίωνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπᾰλίωνᾰς (accusative plural)
σπᾰλίων (singular vocative)
σπᾰλίωνε (dual vocative)
σπᾰλίωνες (plural vocative)


ψαμαθία

From ψάμαθος (psámathos, “sand”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

af

Hesychius gives the definition as: αἰγιαλός (aigialós, “beach, shore”).


βρέντιον

grc-noun

βρέντῐον • (bréntion) n (genitive βρεντίου); second declension

βρέντῐον (canonical)
bréntion (romanization)
βρεντίου (genitive)
τὸ βρέντῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρεντῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρέντῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρεντῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρεντῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρεντῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρεντῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρεντῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρεντῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βρέντῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρεντῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρέντῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βρέντῐον (singular vocative)
βρεντῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βρέντῐᾰ (plural vocative)

A Messapic word like βρένδος (bréndos, “deer”), possibly also found in place names like Βρεντέσιον (Brentésion, “Brindisi”). Further possible cognates are Latvian briedis (“deer”), Old Prussian braidis (“elk”), Elfdalian brinde (“elk”) and Albanian bri (“horn, antler”).


κρωσσός

κρωσσός • (krōssós) m (genitive κρωσσοῦ); second declension

krōssós (romanization)
κρωσσοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κρωσσός (nominative singular)
τὼ κρωσσώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κρωσσοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρωσσοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρωσσοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρωσσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κρωσσῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρωσσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρωσσοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κρωσσόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρωσσώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρωσσούς (accusative plural)
κρωσσέ (singular vocative)
κρωσσώ (dual vocative)
κρωσσοί (plural vocative)

The element "-σσ-", as well as the technical meaning, points to a Pre-Greek origin. Previously the word has been compared with Old English crocca (“crock”), Dutch kruik (“jug”) and Middle Irish croccán. Note also Old Armenian կարաս (karas).


ἀσκάλαβος

ἀσκάλαβος • (askálabos) m (genitive ἀσκαλᾰ́βου); second declension

askálabos (romanization)
ἀσκαλᾰ́βου (genitive)
ὁ ἀσκάλᾰβος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλᾰ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀσκάλᾰβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσκαλᾰ́βου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλᾰ́βοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκαλᾰ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσκαλᾰ́βῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλᾰ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσκαλᾰ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀσκάλᾰβον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλᾰ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀσκαλᾰ́βους (accusative plural)
ἀσκάλᾰβε (singular vocative)
ἀσκαλᾰ́βω (dual vocative)
ἀσκάλᾰβοι (plural vocative)

Clearly a Pre-Greek word, in view of the ending in “-βος” (often found in animal names) and the several variations. Less probable is a connection with σκάλοψ (skálops, “mole”).


ὅλμος

ὅλμος • (hólmos) m (genitive ὅλμου); second declension

hólmos (romanization)
ὅλμου (genitive)
ὁ ὅλμος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὅλμω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὅλμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὅλμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὅλμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὅλμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὅλμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὅλμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὅλμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὅλμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὅλμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὅλμους (accusative plural)
ὅλμε (singular vocative)
ὅλμω (dual vocative)
ὅλμοι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind”). Further related to εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, roll”).

der

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
mortar

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
kneading trough

hollow seat on which the Pythia prophesied

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
drinking vessel

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
(music) mouthpiece of a flute

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
mouthpiece of a flute

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
dial

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
stone used as a weight


σκάλοψ

grc-noun

σκᾰ́λοψ • (skálops) m (genitive σκᾰ́λοπος); third declension

σκᾰ́λοψ (canonical)
skálops (romanization)
σκᾰ́λοπος (genitive)
ὁ σκᾰ́λοψ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́λοπε (dual nominative)
οἱ σκᾰ́λοπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκᾰ́λοπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰλόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκᾰ́λοπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκᾰ́λοψῐ (dative plural)
σκᾰ́λοψῐν (dative plural)
toîs skálopsi (dative plural)
toîs skálopsin (dative plural)
τὸν σκᾰ́λοπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́λοπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκᾰ́λοπᾰς (accusative plural)
σκᾰ́λοψ (singular vocative)
σκᾰ́λοπε (dual vocative)
σκᾰ́λοπες (plural vocative)

Traditionally derived from σκάλλω (skállō, “to stir up, hoe”). However, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin in view of the suffix common to other animal names, such as δρύοψ (drúops), κόρνοψ (kórnops), κώνωψ (kṓnōps) and πάρνοψ (párnops).


τράγαινα

τράγαινᾰ • (trágaina) f (genitive τρᾰγαίνης); first declension

τράγαινᾰ (canonical)
trágaina (romanization)
τρᾰγαίνης (genitive)
ἡ τρᾰ́γαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τρᾰ́γαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρᾰγαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰγαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τρᾰγαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρᾰγαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν τρᾰ́γαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρᾰγαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
τρᾰ́γαινᾰ (singular vocative)
τρᾰγαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
τρᾰ́γαιναι (plural vocative)

From τράγος (trágos, “goat”) + -αινᾰ (-aina).


ἐφιάλτης

ἐφῐάλτης • (ephiáltēs) m (genitive ἐφῐάλτου); first declension

ἐφῐάλτης (canonical)
ephiáltēs (romanization)
ἐφῐάλτου (genitive)
ὁ ἐφῐάλτης (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐφῐάλτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐφῐάλται (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐφῐάλτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐφῐάλταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐφῐαλτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐφῐάλτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐφῐάλταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐφῐάλταις (dative plural)
τὸν ἐφῐάλτην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐφῐάλτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐφῐάλτᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐφῐάλτᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐφῐάλτᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐφῐάλται (plural vocative)

Greek: εφιάλτης (efiáltis)

No certain etymology. Historically connected with ἐφάλλομαι (ephállomai, “to throw oneself onto somebody”), but this explanation is considered folk etymological by Beekes. Leumann sustained that this word is related to ἠπίαλος (ēpíalos, “ague, fever”); if that's the case, then the word could be of Pre-Greek origin.

unk

No certain etymology

nightmare, conceived as a throttling demon


ἀκιρίς

head

ἀκιρίς • (akirís)

Unknown, but it may well be of Pre-Greek origin in view of the variations.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: λύχνος (lúkhnos, “lamp”).


σαμβύκη

grc-noun

σαμβῡ́κη • (sambū́kē) f (genitive σαμβῡ́κης); first declension

σαμβῡ́κη (canonical)
sambū́kē (romanization)
σαμβῡ́κης (genitive)
ἡ σαμβῡ́κη (nominative singular)
τὼ σαμβῡ́κᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σαμβῦκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σαμβῡ́κης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σαμβῡ́καιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σαμβῡκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σαμβῡ́κῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σαμβῡ́καιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σαμβῡ́καις (dative plural)
τὴν σαμβῡ́κην (accusative singular)
τὼ σαμβῡ́κᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σαμβῡ́κᾱς (accusative plural)
σαμβῡ́κη (singular vocative)
σαμβῡ́κᾱ (dual vocative)
σαμβῦκαι (plural vocative)

Latin: sambūca

Ultimately from Aramaic סַבְּכָא (sabbəḵā).

sambuca, a triangular musical instrument with four strings

sambuca, an engine of similar form used in sieges


νυκτικόραξ

νυκτῐκόρᾰκος

νυκτῐκόραξ • (nuktikórax) m (genitive νυκτῐκόρᾰκος); third declension

νυκτῐκόραξ (canonical)
nuktikórax (romanization)
νυκτῐκόρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ νυκτῐκόρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ νυκτῐκόρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ νυκτῐκόρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ νυκτῐκόρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν νυκτῐκορᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νυκτῐκορᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ νυκτῐκόρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν νυκτῐκορᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νυκτῐκόρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
νυκτῐκόρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs nuktikóraxi (dative plural)
toîs nuktikóraxin (dative plural)
τὸν νυκτῐκόρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ νυκτῐκόρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς νυκτῐκόρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
νυκτῐκόρᾰξ (singular vocative)
νυκτῐκόρᾰκε (dual vocative)
νυκτῐκόρᾰκες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

νυκτῐκόρᾰκος

→ Italian: nitticora

→ Translingual: Nycticorax

From νύξ (núx, “night”) + κόραξ (kórax, “crow”).


μύρτος

grc-noun

μύρτος • (múrtos) f (genitive μύρτου); second declension

múrtos (romanization)
μύρτου (genitive)
ἡ μῠ́ρτος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ρτω (dual nominative)
αἱ μῠ́ρτοι (nominative plural)
τῆς μῠ́ρτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠ́ρτων (genitive plural)
τῇ μῠ́ρτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μῠ́ρτοις (dative plural)
τὴν μῠ́ρτον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ρτω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μῠ́ρτους (accusative plural)
μῠ́ρτε (singular vocative)
μῠ́ρτω (dual vocative)
μῠ́ρτοι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: мѵръта (mürŭta), мрътва (mrŭtva)

→ Latin: myrtus (see there for further descendants)

Akin to Avestan 𐬨𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀 (muštəməša), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwlt'), Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫇𐫡𐫅 (mwwrd), Persian مورد (murd), Old Armenian մուրտ (murt), Old Georgian მურტი (murṭi, “myrtle”). Due to the variation μυρτ-/μυρσ-, Beekes opts for a Pre-Greek borrowing.

cog

Myrtus communis
Myrtus communis#Translingual


κύλιξ

grc-noun

κῠ́λῐξ • (kúlix) f (genitive κῠ́λῐκος); third declension

κῠ́λῐξ (canonical)
kúlix (romanization)
κῠ́λῐκος (genitive)
ἡ κῠ́λῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠ́λῐκε (dual nominative)
αἱ κῠ́λῐκες (nominative plural)
τῆς κῠ́λῐκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠλῐ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠλῐ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ κῠ́λῐκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠλῐ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῠ́λῐξῐ (dative plural)
κῠ́λῐξῐν (dative plural)
taîs kúlixi (dative plural)
taîs kúlixin (dative plural)
τὴν κῠ́λῐκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠ́λῐκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῠ́λῐκᾰς (accusative plural)
κῠ́λῐξ (singular vocative)
κῠ́λῐκε (dual vocative)
κῠ́λῐκες (plural vocative)

Greek: κύλικα (kýlika)

→ English: kylix

→ Polish: kyliks

Traditionally compared to Latin calix (“deep bowl, cup”) but a variation *a/u is unknown in Indo-European words. For the same reason, κάλυξ (kálux, “husk”) is not identical with this word. The presence of the variation leads to a Pre-Greek origin, as well as the typical Pre-Greek suffix -ικ-.


ἰδέας

grc-noun form

ἰδέᾱς • (idéās)

inflection of ἰδέᾱ (idéā):
genitive singular

inflection of ἰδέᾱ (idéā):
accusative plural


στρίξ

grc-noun

στρίξ • (stríx) f (genitive στρῐγός); third declension

stríx (romanization)
στρῐγός (genitive)
ἡ στρί̆ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στρῐ́γε (dual nominative)
αἱ στρῐ́γες (nominative plural)
τῆς στρῐγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρῐγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρῐγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στρῐγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρῐγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς στρῐξῐ́ (dative plural)
στρῐξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs strixí (dative plural)
taîs strixín (dative plural)
τὴν στρῐ́γᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στρῐ́γε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στρῐ́γᾰς (accusative plural)
στρί̆ξ (singular vocative)
στρῐ́γε (dual vocative)
στρῐ́γες (plural vocative)

desctree

Latin: strix
⇒ Romanian: striga (“to call, shout”)
⇒ Sicilian: strìgula (“barn owl”)
→ English: strigine
→ Esperanto: strigo
→ Ido: strigo
→ Italian: strige
→ Portuguese: estrige
→ Spanish: estrige

Translingual: Strix

The formation is similar to γλαῦξ (glaûx) and λύγξ (lúnx). The Greek word is often assumed to be influenced by or derived from τρίζω (trízō, “to squeak”), but its facultative nasal may point to a Pre-Greek origin.


γαυλός

grc-noun

γαυλός • (gaulós) m (genitive γαυλοῦ); second declension

gaulós (romanization)
γαυλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ γαυλός (nominative singular)
τὼ γαυλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ γαυλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ γαυλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν γαυλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γαυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ γαυλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν γαυλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς γαυλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν γαυλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ γαυλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς γαυλούς (accusative plural)
γαυλέ (singular vocative)
γαυλώ (dual vocative)
γαυλοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: gaulus

A connection with γύαλον (gúalon), γωλεός (gōleós), Old Norse kjóll (“ship”) has been considered. But this word can be considered, as γαῦλος (gaûlos) denoting a Phoenician merchant-ship, as being via Phoenician or a near language from Akkadian 𒄖𒌌𒇻 (gullu, “a container”), 𒄖𒌌𒆷𒌅 (gullatu, “ewer”), a vinicultural word of unascertainable non-Semitic origin, being via its variant 𒄣𒇷𒌋 (qulliu, “a bowl”) the source of Biblical Hebrew גֻלָּה (gullāh), Ugaritic 𐎂𐎍 (gl), Aramaic קוּלְתָא (qulləṯā), Arabic قُلَّة (qulla), جُلَّة (julla), Classical Syriac ܩܽܘܠܬܳܐ (qulləṯā), which passed into Latin culullus (“wine jug”) and into Ancient Greek κόλλαθον (kóllathon, “a unit of liquid measure used in Syria”).


τάρπη

grc-noun

τάρπη • (tárpē) f (genitive τάρπης); first declension

tárpē (romanization)
τάρπης (genitive)
ἡ τάρπη (nominative singular)
τὼ τάρπᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τάρπαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τάρπης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τάρπαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ταρπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τάρπῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τάρπαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τάρπαις (dative plural)
τὴν τάρπην (accusative singular)
τὼ τάρπᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τάρπᾱς (accusative plural)
τάρπη (singular vocative)
τάρπᾱ (dual vocative)
τάρπαι (plural vocative)

Frisk compares ταργάναι (targánai), σαργάνη (sargánē) and even ταρσός (tarsós), but these comparisons are useless. Furnée compares δάρπη (dárpē), which would point to a Pre-Greek word. Has also been connected with Old Armenian թարփ (tʻarpʻ).


ἀχραδαμύλα

head

ἀχραδαμύλα • (akhradamúla)

According to Beekes, the variation οι/υ proves a Pre-Greek etymology, as well as the well-known Pre-Greek suffix "-μυλα".

Hesychius gives the definition as: κόχλιας (kókhlias, “snail with spiral shell”), as they say in Tarentum.


βουρδών

grc-noun

βουρδών • (bourdṓn) m (genitive βουρδῶνος); third declension

bourdṓn (romanization)
βουρδῶνος (genitive)
ὁ βουρδών (nominative singular)
τὼ βουρδῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ βουρδῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουρδῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουρδώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουρδώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουρδῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουρδώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουρδῶσῐ (dative plural)
βουρδῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs bourdôsi (dative plural)
toîs bourdôsin (dative plural)
τὸν βουρδῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βουρδῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουρδῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
βουρδών (singular vocative)
βουρδῶνε (dual vocative)
βουρδῶνες (plural vocative)


τρύβλιον

τρύβλιον • (trúblion) n (genitive τρυβλίου); second declension

trúblion (romanization)
τρυβλίου (genitive)
τὸ τρύβλιον (nominative singular)
τὼ τρυβλίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τρύβλιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρυβλίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρυβλίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρυβλίων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρυβλίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρυβλίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρυβλίοις (dative plural)
τὸ τρύβλιον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρυβλίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τρύβλιᾰ (accusative plural)
τρύβλιον (singular vocative)
τρυβλίω (dual vocative)
τρύβλιᾰ (plural vocative)

French: trublion

No etymology. Furnée compares τρίβανον (tríbanon) and considers the word to be Pre-Greek.

unk

No etymology

kind of measure used in medical prescriptions


μελίλωτον

grc-noun

μελίλωτον • (melílōton) n (genitive μελιλώτου); second declension

melílōton (romanization)
μελιλώτου (genitive)
τὸ μελίλωτον (nominative singular)
τὼ μελιλώτω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μελίλωτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μελιλώτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μελιλώτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μελιλώτων (genitive plural)
τῷ μελιλώτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μελιλώτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μελιλώτοις (dative plural)
τὸ μελίλωτον (accusative singular)
τὼ μελιλώτω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μελίλωτᾰ (accusative plural)
μελίλωτον (singular vocative)
μελιλώτω (dual vocative)
μελίλωτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Melilotus

From μέλι (méli, “honey”) and λωτός (lōtós, “lotus”).


ὕσπληξ

ὕσπληξ • (húsplēx) f (genitive ὕσπληγος); third declension

húsplēx (romanization)
ὕσπληγος (genitive)
ἡ ὕσπληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὕσπληγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὕσπληγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὕσπληγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑσπλήγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑσπλήγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὕσπληγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑσπλήγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὕσπληξῐ (dative plural)
ὕσπληξῐν (dative plural)
taîs húsplēxi (dative plural)
taîs húsplēxin (dative plural)
τὴν ὕσπληγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὕσπληγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὕσπληγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὕσπληξ (singular vocative)
ὕσπληγε (dual vocative)
ὕσπληγες (plural vocative)

Traditionally analysed as a compound of ὗς (hûs, “swine”) and πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to struck, smite”). In view of the variants with pre-nasalization, however, a Pre-Greek origin seems the most likely option.

part of a spring or noose which slips down when touched


σπάραγμα

σπάραγμᾰ • (spáragma) n (genitive σπαράγμᾰτος); third declension

σπάραγμᾰ (canonical)
spáragma (romanization)
σπαράγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σπάραγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σπαράγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σπαράγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπαράγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπαραγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπαραγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σπαράγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπαραγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπαράγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σπαράγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sparágmasi (dative plural)
toîs sparágmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σπάραγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπαράγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σπαράγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σπάραγμᾰ (singular vocative)
σπαράγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σπαράγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From σπαράσσω (sparássō, “I rend, tear asunder”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


ἐλάτη

ἐλᾰ́τη • (elátē) f (genitive ἐλᾰ́της); first declension

ἐλᾰ́τη (canonical)
elátē (romanization)
ἐλᾰ́της (genitive)
ἡ ἐλᾰ́τη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐλᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐλᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐλᾰ́της (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐλᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐλᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐλᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐλᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐλᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐλᾰ́τη (singular vocative)
ἐλᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐλᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: έλατο (élato)

No certain etymology. Maybe from the same source of Proto-Germanic *linþaz (“pliable”) and Latin lentus (“flexible”).

unk

No certain etymology


σχέλινος

head

σχέλινος • (skhélinos)

According to Furnée, from Pre-Greek and related to γέλενος (gélenos, “asphodel, daffodil”).

Hesychius gives the definition as: ἀγρία κυπάρισσος (agría kupárissos, literally “wild cypress”).


καλοπόδιον

grc-noun

κᾱλοπόδῐον • (kālopódion) n (genitive κᾱλοποδῐ́ου); second declension

κᾱλοπόδῐον (canonical)
kālopódion (romanization)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κᾱλοπόδῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾱλοποδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾱλοποδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾱλοποδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾱλοποδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾱλοποδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾱλοποδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κᾱλοπόδῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾱλοπόδῐον (singular vocative)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: καλαπόδι (kalapódi) (from καλαπόδιον (kalapódion))

→ Romanian: calapod

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (kʾlpwt' /kālbod/), 𐫐𐫀𐫓𐫁𐫏𐫅 (kʾlbyd /kālbid/)

Persian: کالبد (kâlbod)

qual

→ Old Armenian: կաղապար (kałapar), գաղափար (gałapʻar) (via an unknown Iranian language; see each for more descendants)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܠܒܝܕ (/*qālobīḏ/)

→ Arabic: قَالِب (qālib) (see there for further descendants)

→ French: calibre (see there for further descendants)

From κᾱλόπους (kālópous) + -ιον (-ion), the former a compound of κᾶλον (kâlon, “wood”) and πούς (poús, “foot”).


νάβλα

grc-noun

νάβλα • (nábla) f (genitive νάβλᾱς); first declension

nábla (romanization)
νάβλᾱς (genitive)
ἡ νᾰ́βλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ νᾰ́βλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νᾰ́βλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νᾰ́βλᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν νᾰ́βλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νᾰβλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νᾰ́βλᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νᾰ́βλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νᾰ́βλαις (dative plural)
τὴν νᾰ́βλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ νᾰ́βλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νᾰ́βλᾱς (accusative plural)
νᾰ́βλᾰ (singular vocative)
νᾰ́βλᾱ (dual vocative)
νᾰ́βλαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: nabla

nabla, a musical instrument of ten or twelve strings


μυρίκη

μυρίκη • (muríkē) f (genitive μυρίκης); first declension

muríkē (romanization)
μυρίκης (genitive)
ἡ μυρίκη (nominative singular)
τὼ μυρίκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μυρίκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μυρίκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μυρίκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μυρικῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μυρίκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μυρίκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μυρίκαις (dative plural)
τὴν μυρίκην (accusative singular)
τὼ μυρίκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μυρίκᾱς (accusative plural)
μυρίκη (singular vocative)
μυρίκᾱ (dual vocative)
μυρίκαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: myrīcē

→ Translingual: Myrica

The suffix -ίκη (-íkē) as in ἑλίκη (helíkē) and ἀδίκη (adíkē) is accused of Pre-Greek origin. However, already Lewy saw a Semitic origin, connecting the word because of the bitterants in the plant species to Arabic مُرّ (murr, “bitter”) and Hebrew מֹר (mor, “bitterness, acrimony”). Recognizing an identity with Latin tamarīx (“tamarisk”), various combinations of Afroasiatic origin become supportable, particularly – following Schuchardt – that the Latin form contains a Berber ta- singulative and feminine formant.


θῖνα

grc-noun form

θῖνᾰ • (thîna)


βροτοῖσιν

βροτοῖσῐν • (brotoîsin)

βροτοῖσῐν (canonical)
brotoîsin (romanization)


λιμένι

λῐμένῐ • (liméni)

λῐμένῐ (canonical)
liméni (romanization)


νεός

νεός • (neós)


ἀκοαί

ᾰ̓κοαί • (akoaí)

nominative/vocative plural of ᾰ̓κοή (akoḗ)


ἀκοῆς

ᾰ̓κοῆς • (akoês)


ἀκοάς

ᾰ̓κοᾱ́ς • (akoā́s)

ᾰ̓κοᾱ́ς (canonical)
akoā́s (romanization)


ἀκοῇ

ᾰ̓κοῇ • (akoêi)


ἀκοαῖς

ᾰ̓κοαῖς • (akoaîs)

ᾰ̓κοαῖς (canonical)
akoaîs (romanization)


ἀκοῶν

ᾰ̓κοῶν • (akoôn)


ἀκοήν

ᾰ̓κοήν • (akoḗn)


νεκρῶν

νεκρῶν • (nekrôn)


Μιλησίων

Μῑλησῐ́ων • (Mīlēsíōn)

Μῑλησῐ́ων (canonical)
Mīlēsíōn (romanization)


ἄλιζα

head

ἄλιζα • (áliza)

Kretschmer compared Old High German erila (“alder”) and Proto-Slavic *olьxa (“alder”). Either from a common European substrate root or alternatively directly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éliseh₂, from *h₂élis-.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: λεύκη (leúkē, “white poplar”), as they say in Macedonia.


χάρμης

grc-noun form

χάρμης • (khármēs)


ἄκοιτιν

ᾰ̓́κοιτῐν • (ákoitin)

ᾰ̓́κοιτῐν (canonical)
ákoitin (romanization)

accusative singular of ἄκοιτις (ákoitis)


πτολέμοιο

πτολέμοιο • (ptolémoio)

(Epic) genitive singular of πτόλεμος (ptólemos)


μύθοισιν

μῡ́θοισῐν • (mū́thoisin)

μῡ́θοισῐν (canonical)
mū́thoisin (romanization)

(Epic) dative plural of μῦθος (mûthos) with movable nu


πάρνοψ

grc-noun

πάρνοψ • (párnops) m (genitive πάρνοπος); third declension

párnops (romanization)
πάρνοπος (genitive)
ὁ πᾰ́ρνοψ (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ρνοπε (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰ́ρνοπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰ́ρνοπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρνόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρνόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰ́ρνοπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρνόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰ́ρνοψῐ (dative plural)
πᾰ́ρνοψῐν (dative plural)
toîs párnopsi (dative plural)
toîs párnopsin (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰ́ρνοπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́ρνοπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰ́ρνοπᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰ́ρνοψ (singular vocative)
πᾰ́ρνοπε (dual vocative)
πᾰ́ρνοπες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to δρύοψ (drúops), κώνωψ (kṓnōps) and σκάλοψ (skálops). The suffix is typical of Pre-Greek.


Μιλήσιοι

grc-noun form

Μῑλήσῐοι • (Mīlḗsioi)

Μῑλήσῐοι (canonical)
Mīlḗsioi (romanization)

nominative/vocative plural of Μῑλήσῐος (Mīlḗsios)


χάρμη

grc-noun

χάρμη • (khármē) f (genitive χάρμης); first declension

khármē (romanization)
χάρμης (genitive)
ἡ χᾰ́ρμη (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́ρμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χᾰ́ρμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς χᾰ́ρμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰ́ρμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰρμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χᾰ́ρμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰ́ρμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χᾰ́ρμαις (dative plural)
τὴν χᾰ́ρμην (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́ρμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρμᾱς (accusative plural)
χᾰ́ρμη (singular vocative)
χᾰ́ρμᾱ (dual vocative)
χᾰ́ρμαι (plural vocative)

From the root of χαίρω (khaírō), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn for”).


χυμεία

grc-noun

χῠμείᾱ • (khumeíā) f (genitive χῠμείᾱς); first declension

χῠμείᾱ (canonical)
khumeíā (romanization)
χῠμείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ χῠμείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ χῠμείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χῠμεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς χῠμείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χῠμείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χῠμειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χῠμείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χῠμείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χῠμείαις (dative plural)
τὴν χῠμείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ χῠμείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χῠμείᾱς (accusative plural)
χῠμείᾱ (singular vocative)
χῠμείᾱ (dual vocative)
χῠμεῖαι (plural vocative)

desc

اَلْكِيمِيَاء

Arabic: اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)

Arabic: اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ) (see there for further descendants)

According to Zosimos of Panopolis it was named from its supposed inventor, Χύμης/Χήμης/Χείμης, but more probably it is from χῠ́μᾰ (khúma) + -είᾱ (-eíā).


περισπωμένης

grc-noun form

περῐσπωμένης

περῐσπωμένης • (perispōménēs) f

περῐσπωμένης (canonical)
perispōménēs (romanization)

genitive singular of περῐσπωμένη (perispōménē)


φρίκες

head

φρίκες • (phríkes)

According to Frisk, from φρίσσω (phríssō, “to be rough or bristly on the surface”). However, Furnée compares βρίκελοι (bríkeloi, “beams of a standing loom”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin. Probably related also to φόρκες (phórkes, “pales”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: χάρακες (khárakes, “pales”).


γέλενος

γέλενος • (gélenos)

According to Furnée, from Pre-Greek and related to σχέλινος (skhélinos, “wild cypress”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ἀσφόδελος (asphódelos, “asphodel”), νάρκισσος (nárkissos, “daffodil”).


ναύσταθμον

grc-noun

ναύσταθμον • (naústathmon) n (genitive ναυστάθμου); second declension

naústathmon (romanization)
ναυστάθμου (genitive)
τὸ ναύσταθμον (nominative singular)
τὼ ναυστάθμω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ναύσταθμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ναυστάθμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ναυστάθμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ναυστάθμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ναυστάθμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ναυστάθμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ναυστάθμοις (dative plural)
τὸ ναύσταθμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ναυστάθμω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ναύσταθμᾰ (accusative plural)
ναύσταθμον (singular vocative)
ναυστάθμω (dual vocative)
ναύσταθμᾰ (plural vocative)

From ναῦς (naûs, “ship”) + σταθμός (stathmós, “standing-place”).


ᾆσμα

grc-noun

ᾆσμα • (âisma) n (genitive ᾄσματος); third declension

âisma (romanization)
ᾄσματος (genitive)
τὸ ᾆσμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾄσμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾄσμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾄσμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾀσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾀσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾄσμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾀσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾄσμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ᾄσμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ā́ismasi (dative plural)
toîs ā́ismasin (dative plural)
τὸ ᾆσμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾄσμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾄσμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾆσμᾰ (singular vocative)
ᾄσμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ᾄσμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: āsma

From ἀείδω (aeídō, “to sing”) + -μα (-ma).


κέλαδος

κέλᾰδος • (kélados) m (genitive κελᾰ́δου); second declension

κέλᾰδος (canonical)
kélados (romanization)
κελᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ κέλᾰδος (nominative singular)
τὼ κελᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ κέλᾰδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κελᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κελᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κελᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ κελᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κελᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κελᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν κέλᾰδον (accusative singular)
τὼ κελᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κελᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
κέλᾰδε (singular vocative)
κελᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
κέλᾰδοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to ἄραδος (árados), ὅμαδος (hómados), ῥοῖβδος (rhoîbdos) and χρόμαδος (khrómados). Not related to κλητός (klētós) but it has been compared to κελαρύζω (kelarúzō, “to murmur”).


τῆλις

τῆλις • (têlis) f (genitive τήλεως); third declension

têlis (romanization)
τήλεως (genitive)
ἡ τῆλῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ τήλει (dual nominative)
αἱ τήλεις (nominative plural)
τῆς τήλεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν τηλέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τήλεων (genitive plural)
τῇ τήλει (dative singular)
τοῖν τηλέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τήλεσῐ (dative plural)
τήλεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs tḗlesi (dative plural)
taîs tḗlesin (dative plural)
τὴν τῆλῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ τήλει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τήλεις (accusative plural)
τῆλῐ (singular vocative)
τήλει (dual vocative)
τήλεις (plural vocative)

Latin: tēlis

There is no certain explanation. Traditionally compared to Latin talea (“stave, cutting”) and Sanskrit ताल (tāla, “palm tree”) but such guesses have been abandoned recently. Possibly connected to Proto-Albanian *talā (“cornstalk”).

unk

no certain explanation

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum#Translingual


ἀμάρακον

grc-noun

ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκον • (amā́rakon) n (genitive ἀμᾱράκου); second declension

ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκον (canonical)
amā́rakon (romanization)
ἀμᾱράκου (genitive)
τὸ ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμᾱρᾰ́κω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀμᾱρᾰ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμᾱρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμᾱρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀμᾱρᾰ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμᾱρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀμᾱρᾰ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμᾱρᾰ́κω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκον (singular vocative)
ἀμᾱρᾰ́κω (dual vocative)
ἀμᾱ́ρᾰκᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: amāracus

The word has been connected with Ancient Macedonian ἀβαρύ (abarú, “oregano, marjoram”). If this is accepted, the variation μ/β points to a Pre-Greek origin, which is probable anyhow. According to Beekes, the connection with Sanskrit मरुवक (maruvaka, “marjoram”) must be wrong.

cog

Origanum majorana
Origanum majorana#Translingual


σκίλλα

grc-noun

σκῐ́λλᾰ • (skílla) f (genitive σκῐ́λλης); first declension

σκῐ́λλᾰ (canonical)
skílla (romanization)
σκῐ́λλης (genitive)
ἡ σκῐ́λλᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῐ́λλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκῐ́λλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκῐ́λλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῐ́λλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῐλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκῐ́λλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῐ́λλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκῐ́λλαις (dative plural)
τὴν σκῐ́λλᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῐ́λλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκῐ́λλᾱς (accusative plural)
σκῐ́λλᾰ (singular vocative)
σκῐ́λλᾱ (dual vocative)
σκῐ́λλαι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: إشْقِيل (ʔišqīl), إسْقِيل (ʔisqīl)
→ Medieval Hebrew: אישקיל (ʾišqī́l)

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܣܩܠܐ (sqillā), ܣܩܝܠܐ (sqīlā), ܐܣܩܝܠ (ʾəsqīl)

→ Latin: scilla

Translingual: Scilla

→ English: squill

→ French: scille

→ Italian: scilla

→ Spanish: esquila

→ Swedish: scilla

Unexplained foreign word, but probably of Pre-Greek origin. Compare Mingrelian შქიშქილა (škiškila, “a kind of garlic”, literally “young, tender, fresh”).

cog

Drimia maritima
Drimia maritima#Translingual

squill (the name of various plants of the genus Scilla, and particularly Drimia maritima)


στραγγουρία

grc-noun

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ • (strangouríā) f (genitive στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
strangouríā (romanization)
στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ στραγγουρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν στραγγουρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στραγγουρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στραγγουρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στραγγουρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στραγγουρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν στραγγουρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
στραγγουρῐ́αι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱ

στραγγουρῐ́ᾱς

Latin: strangūria

→ English: strangury

→ French: strangurie

→ Italian: stranguria

→ Portuguese: estrangúria

→ Spanish: estranguria

From στραγγουρέω (strangouréō, “to suffer from strangury”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from στράγξ (stránx, “drop”) + οὐρέω (ouréō, “to urinate”).


προμάχων

grc-noun form

προμάχων • (promákhōn)


ψάμαθος

grc-noun

ψάμᾰθος • (psámathos) f (genitive ψᾰμάθου); second declension

ψάμᾰθος (canonical)
psámathos (romanization)
ψᾰμάθου (genitive)
ἡ ψᾰ́μᾰθος (nominative singular)
τὼ ψᾰμᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
αἱ ψᾰ́μᾰθοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ψᾰμᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψᾰμᾰ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψᾰμᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
τῇ ψᾰμᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψᾰμᾰ́θοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψᾰμᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
τὴν ψᾰ́μᾰθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ψᾰμᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψᾰμᾰ́θους (accusative plural)
ψᾰ́μᾰθε (singular vocative)
ψᾰμᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
ψᾰ́μᾰθοι (plural vocative)
ψᾰ́μᾰθος (nominative singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
ψᾰ́μᾰθοι (nominative plural)
ψᾰμᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
ψᾰμᾰθοῖο (genitive singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοιο (genitive singular)
ψᾰμᾰθόο (genitive singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοο (genitive singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοιῐν (dual genitive)
ψᾰμᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
ψᾰμᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοιῐν (dative dual)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοισῐ (dative plural)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοισῐν (dative plural)
ψᾰμᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
psamáthoisi (dative plural)
psamáthoisin (dative plural)
psamáthois (dative plural)
ψᾰ́μᾰθον (accusative singular)
ψᾰμᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
ψᾰμᾰ́θους (accusative plural)
ψᾰ́μᾰθε (singular vocative)
ψᾰμᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
ψᾰ́μᾰθοι (plural vocative)

Usually taken as a cross of ψάμμος (psámmos, “sand”) and ἄμαθος (ámathos, “sand”). Furnée adduces Proto-Germanic *samdaz (“sand”), so it could also directly continue a word from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos (“sand”).


πτόλιν

grc-noun form

πτόλῐν • (ptólin)

πτόλῐν (canonical)
ptólin (romanization)


ἀνθιππασία

grc-noun

ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ • (anthippasíā) f (genitive ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱς); first declension

ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (canonical)
anthippasíā (romanization)
ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνθιππᾰσίαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνθιππᾰσίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνθιππᾰσιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθιππᾰσίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνθιππᾰσίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνθιππᾰσίαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀνθιππᾰσίᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀνθιππᾰσίαι (plural vocative)

→ English: anthippasia

From ἀντι- (anti-, “one against another”) + ἱππεύς (hippeús, “knight”) + -ίᾱ (-íā), literally “knightly-contest”.

af

(historical) A traditional cavalry display in Ancient Athens; in particular, a series of contests occurring later in the democratic period as a contest between tribal cavalry units at Athenian festivals such as the Olympieia and Panathenaea.


ταμίη

grc-noun

τᾰμῐ́η • (tamíē) f (genitive τᾰμῐ́ης); first declension

τᾰμῐ́η (canonical)
tamíē (romanization)
τᾰμῐ́ης (genitive)
ἡ τᾰμῐ́η (nominative singular)
τὼ τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τᾰμῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς τᾰμῐ́ης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τᾰμῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τᾰμῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τᾰμῐ́ῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τᾰμῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τᾰμῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν τᾰμῐ́ην (accusative singular)
τὼ τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
τᾰμῐ́η (singular vocative)
τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
τᾰμῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Epic and Ionic form of τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (tamíā, “housekeeper”)


πτόλις

πτόλῐς • (ptólis) f (genitive πτόλῐος); third declension

πτόλῐς (canonical)
ptólis (romanization)
πτόλῐος (genitive)
πτόλῐς (nominative singular)
πτόλῐε (dual nominative)
πτόλῐες (nominative plural)
πτόληες (nominative plural)
πτόλῐος (genitive singular)
πτόληος (genitive singular)
πτολῐ́οιῐν (dual genitive)
πτολῐ́ων (genitive plural)
πτόλεϊ (dative singular)
πτολῐ́οιῐν (dative dual)
πτολῐ́εσσῐ (dative plural)
πτολῐ́εσσῐν (dative plural)
πτόλεσῐ (dative plural)
πτόλεσῐν (dative plural)
πτόλῐσῐ (dative plural)
πτόλῐσῐν (dative plural)
ptolíessi (dative plural)
ptolíessin (dative plural)
ptólesi (dative plural)
ptólesin (dative plural)
ptólisi (dative plural)
ptólisin (dative plural)
πτόλῐν (accusative singular)
πτόλῐε (accusative dual)
πτόλῐᾰς (accusative plural)
πτόληᾰς (accusative plural)
πτόλῑς (accusative plural)
πτόλῐ (singular vocative)
πτόλῐε (dual vocative)
πτόλῐες (plural vocative)
πτόληες (plural vocative)

Ancient Greek: πόλις (pólis)

From Proto-Hellenic *ptólis, from Proto-Indo-European *tpólHis, from *tpelH-.


ταμία

τᾰμῐ́ᾱ • (tamíā) f (genitive τᾰμῐ́ᾱς); first declension

τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
tamíā (romanization)
τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τᾰμῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν τᾰμῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τᾰμῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τᾰμῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τᾰμῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τᾰμῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν τᾰμῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
τᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
τᾰμῐ́αι (plural vocative)


ταμία

grc-noun form

τᾰμῐ́ᾱ • (tamíā)

inflection of τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (tamíās):
vocative singular

inflection of τᾰμῐ́ᾱς (tamíās):
nominative/accusative/vocative dual


πρόμαχος

grc-noun

πρόμᾰχος • (prómakhos) m (genitive προμάχου); second declension

πρόμᾰχος (canonical)
prómakhos (romanization)
προμάχου (genitive)
ὁ πρόμᾰχος (nominative singular)
τὼ προμᾰ́χω (dual nominative)
οἱ πρόμᾰχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ προμᾰ́χου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προμᾰ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προμᾰ́χων (genitive plural)
τῷ προμᾰ́χῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προμᾰ́χοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προμᾰ́χοις (dative plural)
τὸν πρόμᾰχον (accusative singular)
τὼ προμᾰ́χω (accusative dual)
τοὺς προμᾰ́χους (accusative plural)
πρόμᾰχε (singular vocative)
προμᾰ́χω (dual vocative)
πρόμᾰχοι (plural vocative)
πρόμᾰχος (nominative singular)
προμᾰ́χω (dual nominative)
πρόμᾰχοι (nominative plural)
προμᾰ́χου (genitive singular)
προμᾰχοῖο (genitive singular)
προμᾰ́χοιο (genitive singular)
προμᾰχόο (genitive singular)
προμᾰ́χοο (genitive singular)
προμᾰ́χοιῐν (dual genitive)
προμᾰ́χων (genitive plural)
προμᾰ́χῳ (dative singular)
προμᾰ́χοιῐν (dative dual)
προμᾰ́χοισῐ (dative plural)
προμᾰ́χοισῐν (dative plural)
προμᾰ́χοις (dative plural)
promákhoisi (dative plural)
promákhoisin (dative plural)
promákhois (dative plural)
πρόμᾰχον (accusative singular)
προμᾰ́χω (accusative dual)
προμᾰ́χους (accusative plural)
πρόμᾰχε (singular vocative)
προμᾰ́χω (dual vocative)
πρόμᾰχοι (plural vocative)

From προμάχομαι (promákhomai, “to fight in front”), from προ- (pro-) + μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight, do battle”).


ὑσμίνῃ

grc-noun form

ὑσμῑ́νῃ • (husmī́nēi)

ὑσμῑ́νῃ (canonical)
husmī́nēi (romanization)


ὑσμίνη

grc-noun

ὑσμῑ́νη • (husmī́nē) f (genitive ὑσμῑ́νης); first declension

ὑσμῑ́νη (canonical)
husmī́nē (romanization)
ὑσμῑ́νης (genitive)
ὑσμῑ́νη (nominative singular)
ὑσμῑ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
ὑσμῖναι (nominative plural)
ὑσμῑ́νης (genitive singular)
ὑσμῑ́ναιν (dual genitive)
ὑσμῑ́ναιῐν (dual genitive)
ὑσμῑ́νῃῐν (dual genitive)
husmī́nain (dual genitive)
husmī́naiin (dual genitive)
husmī́nēiin (dual genitive)
ὑσμῑνᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
ὑσμῑνέ͜ων (genitive plural)
ὑσμῑνῶν (genitive plural)
ὑσμῑ́νῃ (dative singular)
ὑσμῑ́ναιν (dative dual)
ὑσμῑ́ναιῐν (dative dual)
ὑσμῑ́νῃῐν (dative dual)
husmī́nain (dative dual)
husmī́naiin (dative dual)
husmī́nēiin (dative dual)
ὑσμῑ́νῃσῐ (dative plural)
ὑσμῑ́νῃσῐν (dative plural)
ὑσμῑ́νῃς (dative plural)
ὑσμῑ́ναις (dative plural)
husmī́nēisi (dative plural)
husmī́nēisin (dative plural)
husmī́nēis (dative plural)
husmī́nais (dative plural)
ὑσμῑ́νην (accusative singular)
ὑσμῑ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
ὑσμῑ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
ὑσμῑ́νη (singular vocative)
ὑσμῑ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
ὑσμῖναι (plural vocative)

From a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *Hyudʰsmós (“warrior”) (compare Sanskrit युध्म (yudhmá, “warrior”), from *Hyewdʰ-.


ἀποδείξεις

grc-noun form

ᾰ̓ποδείξεις • (apodeíxeis) f

ᾰ̓ποδείξεις (canonical)
apodeíxeis (romanization)

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ᾰ̓πόδειξῐς (apódeixis)


ἄρκυς

grc-noun

ἄρκῠς • (árkus) f (genitive ἄρκῠος); third declension

ἄρκῠς (canonical)
árkus (romanization)
ἄρκῠος (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓́ρκῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓́ρκῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓́ρκῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓́ρκῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓́ρκυι (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρκῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́ρκῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs árkusi (dative plural)
taîs árkusin (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓́ρκῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ρκῡς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ρκῠᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ρκῠ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́ρκῠε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́ρκῠες (plural vocative)

Unknown. Accoridng to Lidén, related to ἄρκευθος (árkeuthos), ἀρκάνη (arkánē) and Russian раки́та (rakíta, “willow”) but Beekes finds this improbable, as a derivative suffix would be expected. According to him, it is more probable a Pre-Greek word, giving the technical nature of the term.


ἕταροι

grc-noun form

ἕτᾰροι • (hétaroi)

ἕτᾰροι (canonical)
hétaroi (romanization)

nominative/vocative plural of ἕταρος (hétaros)


κάππαρις

grc-noun

κάππαρις • (kápparis) f (genitive καππάρεως); third declension

kápparis (romanization)
καππάρεως (genitive)
ἡ κάππαρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ καππάρει (dual nominative)
αἱ καππάρεις (nominative plural)
τῆς καππάρεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν καππαρέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καππάρεων (genitive plural)
τῇ καππάρει (dative singular)
τοῖν καππαρέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καππάρεσῐ (dative plural)
καππάρεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs kappáresi (dative plural)
taîs kappáresin (dative plural)
τὴν κάππαρῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ καππάρει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καππάρεις (accusative plural)
κάππαρῐ (singular vocative)
καππάρει (dual vocative)
καππάρεις (plural vocative)

Greek: κάπαρη (kápari)

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܟܦܪ (kappar, kappār), ܩܦܪ (qappar, qappār)

→ Latin: capparis

→ English: caper

→ Italian: cappero

→ Translingual: Capparis

→ Ottoman Turkish: كبره (gebere)

Turkish: gebre

→ Armenian: գաբարա (gabara)

The word has been connected with Persian کبر (kabar, “caper”) and Burushaski [script needed] (čopuri) (a language isolate), suggesting an Oriental origin.

Capparis spinosa
Capparis spinosa#Translingual


πέτρης

grc-noun form

πέτρης • (pétrēs)


ὕπνου

ὕπνου • (húpnou)


πέτρη

grc-noun

πέτρη • (pétrē) f (genitive πέτρης); first declension

pétrē (romanization)
πέτρης (genitive)
πέτρη (nominative singular)
πέτρᾱ (dual nominative)
πέτραι (nominative plural)
πέτρης (genitive singular)
πέτραιν (dual genitive)
πέτραιῐν (dual genitive)
πέτρῃῐν (dual genitive)
pétrain (dual genitive)
pétraiin (dual genitive)
pétrēiin (dual genitive)
πετρᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
πετρέ͜ων (genitive plural)
πετρῶν (genitive plural)
πέτρῃ (dative singular)
πέτραιν (dative dual)
πέτραιῐν (dative dual)
πέτρῃῐν (dative dual)
pétrain (dative dual)
pétraiin (dative dual)
pétrēiin (dative dual)
πέτρῃσῐ (dative plural)
πέτρῃσῐν (dative plural)
πέτρῃς (dative plural)
πέτραις (dative plural)
pétrēisi (dative plural)
pétrēisin (dative plural)
pétrēis (dative plural)
pétrais (dative plural)
πέτρην (accusative singular)
πέτρᾱ (accusative dual)
πέτρᾱς (accusative plural)
πέτρη (singular vocative)
πέτρᾱ (dual vocative)
πέτραι (plural vocative)

Epic and Ionic form of πέτρᾱ (pétrā, “rock, stone”)


ζάβολος

ζᾰ́βολος • (zábolos) m (genitive ζᾰβόλου); second declension

ζᾰ́βολος (canonical)
zábolos (romanization)
ζᾰβόλου (genitive)
ὁ ζᾰ́βολος (nominative singular)
τὼ ζᾰβόλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ζᾰ́βολοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζᾰβόλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζᾰβόλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζᾰβόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ζᾰβόλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζᾰβόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζᾰβόλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ζᾰ́βολον (accusative singular)
τὼ ζᾰβόλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ζᾰβόλους (accusative plural)
ζᾰ́βολε (singular vocative)
ζᾰβόλω (dual vocative)
ζᾰ́βολοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: zābolus


χαλάδριον

χαλάδριον • (khaládrion) n (genitive χαλαδρίου); second declension

khaládrion (romanization)
χαλαδρίου (genitive)
τὸ χαλάδριον (nominative singular)
τὼ χαλαδρίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χαλάδριᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χαλαδρίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χαλαδρίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χαλαδρίων (genitive plural)
τῷ χαλαδρίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χαλαδρίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χαλαδρίοις (dative plural)
τὸ χαλάδριον (accusative singular)
τὼ χαλαδρίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χαλάδριᾰ (accusative plural)
χαλάδριον (singular vocative)
χαλαδρίω (dual vocative)
χαλάδριᾰ (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the presence of variations shows that the word is from Pre-Greek and not related to χαλάω (khaláō, “to slacken”).


ἑταίρου

grc-noun form

ἑταίρου • (hetaírou)


μανδύα

grc-noun

μανδύᾱ • (mandúā) f (genitive μανδύᾱς); first declension

μανδύᾱ (canonical)
mandúā (romanization)
μανδύᾱς (genitive)
ἡ μανδύᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ μανδύᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μανδύαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μανδύᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν μανδύαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μανδυῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μανδύᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μανδύαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μανδύαις (dative plural)
τὴν μανδύᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μανδύᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μανδύᾱς (accusative plural)
μανδύᾱ (singular vocative)
μανδύᾱ (dual vocative)
μανδύαι (plural vocative)

Greek: μανδύας (mandýas)

Unexplained foreign word: perhaps from Old Persian or from Illyrian.


κρητῆρα

grc-noun form

κρητῆρᾰ • (krētêra)

κρητῆρᾰ (canonical)
krētêra (romanization)


σπέλεθος

grc-noun

σπέλεθος • (spélethos) m (genitive σπελέθου); second declension

spélethos (romanization)
σπελέθου (genitive)
ὁ σπέλεθος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπελέθω (dual nominative)
οἱ σπέλεθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπελέθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπελέθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπελέθων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπελέθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπελέθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπελέθοις (dative plural)
τὸν σπέλεθον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπελέθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπελέθους (accusative plural)
σπέλεθε (singular vocative)
σπελέθω (dual vocative)
σπέλεθοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to σπύραθος (spúrathos) and ὄνθος (ónthos). A derivation from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”) is semantically possible comparing Proto-Germanic *skītaną (“to defecate”), which derives from Proto-Indo-European *skeyd- (“to cut off”). Alternatively, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


ἔπαρχος

grc-noun

ἔπαρχος • (éparkhos) m (genitive ἐπάρχου); second declension

éparkhos (romanization)
ἐπάρχου (genitive)
ὁ ἔπαρχος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπάρχω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἔπαρχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐπάρχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπάρχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπάρχων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐπάρχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπάρχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐπάρχοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἔπαρχον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπάρχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐπάρχους (accusative plural)
ἔπαρχε (singular vocative)
ἐπάρχω (dual vocative)
ἔπαρχοι (plural vocative)

English: eparch

From ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon”) + ἀρχός (arkhós, “ruler”).

affix

commander, governor of a country, prefect


κεράσιον

grc-noun

κερᾰ́σῐον • (kerásion) n (genitive κερᾰσῐ́ου); second declension

κερᾰ́σῐον (canonical)
kerásion (romanization)
κερᾰσῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κερᾰ́σῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ κερᾰσῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κερᾰ́σῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κερᾰσῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κερᾰσῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερᾰσῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κερᾰσῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κερᾰσῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κερᾰσῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κερᾰ́σῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κερᾰσῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κερᾰ́σῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κερᾰ́σῐον (singular vocative)
κερᾰσῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κερᾰ́σῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cerasium (see there for further descendants)


βάρβαξ

head

βάρβαξ • (bárbax)

Hesychius' gives the definition as: a Libyan hawk or falcon.


ἠέλιον

grc-noun form

ἠέλῐον • (ēélion)

ἠέλῐον (canonical)
ēélion (romanization)


οὐδόν

οὐδόν • (oudón)


κρητήρ

grc-noun

κρητήρ • (krētḗr) m (genitive κρητῆρος); third declension

krētḗr (romanization)
κρητῆρος (genitive)
ὁ κρητήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ κρητῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ κρητῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρητῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρητήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρητήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρητῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρητήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν κρητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
κρητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîsi krētêrsi (dative plural)
toîsi krētêrsin (dative plural)
toîsini (dative plural)
toîsinin (dative plural)
τὸν κρητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κρητῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
κρητήρ (singular vocative)
κρητῆρε (dual vocative)
κρητῆρες (plural vocative)
κρητήρ (nominative singular)
κρητῆρε (dual nominative)
κρητῆρες (nominative plural)
κρητῆρος (genitive singular)
κρητήροιῐν (dual genitive)
κρητήρων (genitive plural)
κρητῆρῐ (dative singular)
κρητήροιῐν (dative dual)
κρητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
κρητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
κρητήρεσσῐ (dative plural)
κρητήρεσσῐν (dative plural)
κρητήρεσῐ (dative plural)
κρητήρεσῐν (dative plural)
krētêrsi (dative plural)
krētêrsin (dative plural)
krētḗressi (dative plural)
krētḗressin (dative plural)
krētḗresi (dative plural)
krētḗresin (dative plural)
κρητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
κρητῆρε (accusative dual)
κρητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
κρητήρ (singular vocative)
κρητῆρε (dual vocative)
κρητῆρες (plural vocative)


ἄνδρ'

grc-noun form

ἄνδρ’ • (ándr’)


δουρός

δουρός • (dourós)


κάρδοπος

grc-noun

κάρδοπος • (kárdopos) f (genitive καρδόπου); second declension

kárdopos (romanization)
καρδόπου (genitive)
ἡ κάρδοπος (nominative singular)
τὼ καρδόπω (dual nominative)
αἱ κάρδοποι (nominative plural)
τῆς καρδόπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν καρδόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καρδόπων (genitive plural)
τῇ καρδόπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν καρδόποιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καρδόποις (dative plural)
τὴν κάρδοπον (accusative singular)
τὼ καρδόπω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καρδόπους (accusative plural)
κάρδοπε (singular vocative)
καρδόπω (dual vocative)
κάρδοποι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, undoubtedly of Pre-Greek origin.


βίην

grc-noun form

βίην • (bíēn)


δειπνοσοφιστής

grc-noun

δειπνοσοφῐστής

δειπνοσοφῐστοῦ

δειπνοσοφῐστής • (deipnosophistḗs) m (genitive δειπνοσοφῐστοῦ); first declension

δειπνοσοφῐστής (canonical)
deipnosophistḗs (romanization)
δειπνοσοφῐστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ δειπνοσοφῐστής (nominative singular)
τὼ δειπνοσοφῐστᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ δειπνοσοφῐσταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ δειπνοσοφῐστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν δειπνοσοφῐσταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δειπνοσοφῐστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ δειπνοσοφῐστῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν δειπνοσοφῐσταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς δειπνοσοφῐσταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν δειπνοσοφῐστήν (accusative singular)
τὼ δειπνοσοφῐστᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς δειπνοσοφῐστᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
δειπνοσοφῐστᾰ́ (singular vocative)
δειπνοσοφῐστᾱ́ (dual vocative)
δειπνοσοφῐσταί (plural vocative)

grc-decl

δειπνοσοφῐστής

English: deipnosophist

From δεῖπνον (deîpnon, “meal”) + σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “teacher”).


ὀξύα

grc-noun

ὀξύᾱ • (oxúā) f (genitive ὀξύᾱς); first declension

ὀξύᾱ (canonical)
oxúā (romanization)
ὀξύᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ὀξύᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀξύᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀξύαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀξύᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀξύαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀξυῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀξύᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀξύαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀξύαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀξύᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀξύᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀξύᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀξύᾱ (singular vocative)
ὀξύᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀξύαι (plural vocative)

Greek: οξιά (oxiá)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃s- and, so, cognate with Proto-Germanic *askaz (“ash tree”), Old Armenian հացի (hacʻi, “ash tree”) and Albanian ah (“beech”). The Indo-European character of these words is far from sure, despite the tradition to compare them. The vocalic variation in Greek, which is not sufficiently explained by assuming the intervention of ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”), may in principle also point to a Pre-Greek word. Compare Ancient Macedonian ἄξος (áxos, “a kind of wood”).

cog

Fagus sylvatica
Fagus sylvatica#Translingual


ἀνέρας

grc-noun form

ᾱ̓νέρᾰς • (ānéras)

ᾱ̓νέρᾰς (canonical)
ānéras (romanization)

(Epic) accusative plural of ᾱ̓νήρ (ānḗr)


ἅλιον

ᾱ̔́λῐον • (hā́lion)

ᾱ̔́λῐον (canonical)
hā́lion (romanization)

accusative singular of ᾱ̔́λῐος (hā́lios)


Φαίηκες

Φαίηκες • (Phaíēkes)

nominative/vocative plural of Φαίηξ (Phaíēx)


οὐδός

grc-noun

οὐδός • (oudós) m (genitive οὐδοῦ); second declension

oudós (romanization)
οὐδοῦ (genitive)
ὁ οὐδός (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐδώ (dual nominative)
οἱ οὐδοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ οὐδοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ οὐδῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς οὐδοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν οὐδόν (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐδώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς οὐδούς (accusative plural)
οὐδέ (singular vocative)
οὐδώ (dual vocative)
οὐδοί (plural vocative)

Unexplained. A basis *ὀδϝός (*odwós) enables connection with οὖδας (oûdas, “ground, soil”), but only if one accepts that this is a generalized Ionic form. In principle both words could be variants of the same Pre-Greek word.


οὐδός

oudós (romanization)
οὐδοῦ (genitive)
οὐδός (nominative singular)
οὐδώ (dual nominative)
οὐδοί (nominative plural)
οὐδοῦ (genitive singular)
οὐδοῖο (genitive singular)
οὐδόο (genitive singular)
οὐδοῖῐν (dual genitive)
οὐδῶν (genitive plural)
οὐδῷ (dative singular)
οὐδοῖῐν (dative dual)
οὐδοῖσῐ (dative plural)
οὐδοῖσῐν (dative plural)
οὐδοῖς (dative plural)
oudoîsi (dative plural)
oudoîsin (dative plural)
oudoîs (dative plural)
οὐδόν (accusative singular)
οὐδώ (accusative dual)
οὐδούς (accusative plural)
οὐδέ (singular vocative)
οὐδώ (dual vocative)
οὐδοί (plural vocative)

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.196

Homeric form of ὁδός (hodós) (occurs once; lengthened for metrical purposes)


γάρνον

head

γάρνον • (gárnon)

Hesychius' gives the definition as: iron implement in the nave of a wheel, which pounds the axle.


γῆρας

grc-noun

γῆρᾰς • (gêras) n (genitive γήρᾰος); third declension

γῆρᾰς (canonical)
gêras (romanization)
γήρᾰος (genitive)
τὸ γῆρᾰς (nominative singular)
τοῦ γήρως (genitive singular)
γήρᾰος (genitive singular)
τῷ γήρᾳ (dative singular)
γήραϊ (dative singular)
γήρατι (dative singular)
τὸ γῆρᾰς (accusative singular)
γῆρᾰς (singular vocative)

grc-decl

γήρως, γήρᾰος

γήρᾳ, γήραϊ, γήρατι

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵērh₂-s, a lengthened-grade derivative of *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old”). Cognate with Sanskrit जरा (jarā́, “old age”).


πυλωρός

grc-noun

πυλωρός • (pulōrós) m (genitive πυλωροῦ); second declension

pulōrós (romanization)
πυλωροῦ (genitive)
ὁ πυλωρός (nominative singular)
τὼ πυλωρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πυλωροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πυλωροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πυλωροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πυλωρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πυλωρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πυλωροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πυλωροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πυλωρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πυλωρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πυλωρούς (accusative plural)
πυλωρέ (singular vocative)
πυλωρώ (dual vocative)
πυλωροί (plural vocative)

Latin: pylorus

From πύλη (púlē, “door, gate”) + οὖρος (oûros, “guard”).

(anatomy) pylorus, the lower orifice of the stomach


κορδύλη

κορδῡ́λη • (kordū́lē) f (genitive κορδῡ́λης); first declension

κορδῡ́λη (canonical)
kordū́lē (romanization)
κορδῡ́λης (genitive)
ἡ κορδῡ́λη (nominative singular)
τὼ κορδῡ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κορδῦλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορδῡ́λης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορδῡ́λαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορδῡλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορδῡ́λῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορδῡ́λαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορδῡ́λαις (dative plural)
τὴν κορδῡ́λην (accusative singular)
τὼ κορδῡ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορδῡ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
κορδῡ́λη (singular vocative)
κορδῡ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
κορδῦλαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cordȳla

The formation is similar to κανθύλη (kanthúlē), κοτύλη (kotúlē) and σχενδύλη (skhendúlē). Güntert suggests a cross of κόνδυλος (kóndulos, “swelling”) with κορύνη (korúnē, “club, cudgel”) but this is incorrect. The prothetic "σ-" and the suffix "-ῡλ-" lead to a Pre-Greek origin.


ἡρώων

grc-noun form

ἡρώων • (hērṓōn)

/hɛː.rɔ̌ː.ɔːn/

/hɛː.rɔ̌ː.ɔːn/


ὁμίλου

ὁμῑ́λου • (homī́lou)

ὁμῑ́λου (canonical)
homī́lou (romanization)


ἅλιος

grc-noun

ᾱ̔́λῐος • (hā́lios) m (genitive ᾱ̔λίοιο); second declension

ᾱ̔́λῐος (canonical)
hā́lios (romanization)
ᾱ̔λίοιο (genitive)
ὁ ᾱ̔́λῐος (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾱ̔λῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τοὶ ᾱ̔́λῐοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾱ̔λῐ́οιο (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾱ̔λῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾱ̔λῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾱ̔λῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾱ̔λῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾱ̔λῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸν ᾱ̔́λῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾱ̔λῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ᾱ̔λῐ́ους (accusative plural)
ᾱ̔́λῐε (singular vocative)
ᾱ̔λῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ᾱ̔́λῐοι (plural vocative)


ἐξώστης

ἐξώστης • (exṓstēs) m (genitive ἐξώστου); first declension

exṓstēs (romanization)
ἐξώστου (genitive)
ὁ ἐξώστης (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐξώστᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐξῶσται (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐξώστου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐξώσταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐξωστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐξώστῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐξώσταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐξώσταις (dative plural)
τὸν ἐξώστην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐξώστᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐξώστᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐξῶστᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐξώστᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐξῶσται (plural vocative)

Greek: εξώστης (exóstis)

From ἐξωθέω (exōthéō, “force out”) (from ἐξ- (ex-) + ὠθέω (ōthéō)) + -της (-tēs).

c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 322

one who drives out,
epithet of Ἄρης (Árēs)

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.113.1

c.460 BCE – c.370 BCE, Hippocrates, On ancient medicine, 9.

389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 1.3

of winds: ἐξῶσται ἄνεμοι (ánemoi) violent winds driving -ships- away

2nd century CE, Archigenes, Apud Galenum, Aëtium, Oribasium, 8.662.

(Koine, medicine) of pulse: coined by Archigenes

one who drives out,
of pulse: coined by Archigenes

5th century CE, Hesychius Alexandreus, Συναγωγὴ Πασῶν Λέξεων κατὰ Στοιχεῖον Σ
lemma σταθμηλάται (stathmēlátai): ἐξῶσται (exôstai) νεῶν (neôn, “of ships”) ("platforms of ships")

(Koine) Hesychius gives the definition as: platform of a ship or for docking ships


χεῖρ'

grc-noun form

χεῖρ’ • (kheîr’)


δόλον

δόλον • (dólon)


υἷος

υἷος • (huîos)

(Epic) genitive singular of υἱός (huiós)