χείρ

grc-noun

χείρ • (kheír) f (genitive χειρός); third declension

kheír (romanization)
χειρός (genitive)
ἡ χείρ (nominative singular)
τὼ χεῖρε (dual nominative)
αἱ χεῖρες (nominative plural)
τῆς χειρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν χεροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χερῶν (genitive plural)
χειρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χειρῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν χεροῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς χερσί (dative plural)
χερσίν (dative plural)
χείρεσσι (dative plural)
χείρεσσιν (dative plural)
taîs khersí (dative plural)
taîs khersín (dative plural)
kheíressi (dative plural)
kheíressin (dative plural)
τὴν χεῖρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χεῖρε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χεῖρᾰς (accusative plural)
χείρ (singular vocative)
χεῖρε (dual vocative)
χεῖρες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

χερῶν/χειρῶν

χερσί(ν)/χείρεσσι(ν)

→ English: chiro-, chiral, chirality

Koine Greek: χέριον (khérion) (diminutive)

Byzantine Greek: χέριν (khérin)

Greek: χέρι (chéri)

→ Greek: χειρ (cheir)

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰéhər, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr (“hand”). Cognate with Old Armenian ձեռն (jeṙn), Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t /dasta/), Albanian dorë (“hand”), Tocharian A tsar, and Latin hir (“hand”).

(Il.6.81) εν χερσὶ γυναικων πεσέειν (into the arms)

1843, Longus quoted in Liddell Scott Jones, Ancient Greek Lexicon:

(Il.6.81) en khersì gunaikōn peséein (into the arms)


βάτραχος

grc-noun

βᾰ́τρᾰχος • (bátrakhos) m (genitive βᾰτρᾰ́χου); second declension

βᾰ́τρᾰχος (canonical)
bátrakhos (romanization)
βᾰτρᾰ́χου (genitive)
ὁ βᾰ́τρᾰχος (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰτρᾰ́χω (dual nominative)
οἱ βᾰ́τρᾰχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰτρᾰ́χου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰτρᾰ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰτρᾰ́χων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰτρᾰ́χῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰτρᾰ́χοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰτρᾰ́χοις (dative plural)
τὸν βᾰ́τρᾰχον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰτρᾰ́χω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βᾰτρᾰ́χους (accusative plural)
βᾰ́τρᾰχε (singular vocative)
βᾰτρᾰ́χω (dual vocative)
βᾰ́τρᾰχοι (plural vocative)

Greek: βάτραχος (vátrachos)

Translingual: Batrachus, Batrachia

→ English: batrachotoxin

Seemingly imitative of croaking, but this imitation has probably taken place not in Greek, but that Greek has borrowed from Pre-Greek or Semitic; compare Hebrew צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣəp̄ardḗaʿ), Arabic ضَفْدَع (ḍafdaʕ), considering that in the dialect of Zakynthos the frog is matching the Semitic with σπορδακάς (spordakás) – unless of course one must find that Semitic and Greek have borrowed from an unknown third.
Concerning the wide range of dialectal variation, Beekes explains that much may be due to folk etymology or taboo, combined with other phonetic alterations such as vowel displacement and even prenasalization, which indicate substrate origin: “A priori, a local (i.e. Pre-Greek) form is to be expected for all of these forms; the variation α/ο points to this.” The suffix *-χ- (*-kh-) is also found in names of other animals.
An older hypothesis (cf. Pokorny 1959) links Proto-West Germanic *krodu and Latin bruscus (“frog or toad”), all from a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *gʷredʰ- (“frog, toad”), supposing metathesis (cf. Ionic βρόταχος (brótakhos)) and an original *dʰ whence perhaps the /tʰ/ of the Ionic variant βάθρακος (báthrakos), but this is phonetically very difficult. Moreover, as Beekes explains, the form with /t/ is original, whereas Ionic frequently displaces aspiration in this way.

onomatopoeic

imitative

cog

Hebrew צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣəp̄ardḗaʿ)

der

Aristophanes, Frogs, 207.
βατράχων κύκνων θαυμαστά.
batrákhōn kúknōn thaumastá.

Most amazing [songs] by the swanlike frogs.

Lophius piscatorius
Lophius piscatorius#Translingual


θρησκεία

grc-noun

θρησκείᾱ • (thrēskeíā) f (genitive θρησκείᾱς); first declension

θρησκείᾱ (canonical)
thrēskeíā (romanization)
θρησκείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ θρησκείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ θρησκείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ θρησκεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς θρησκείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν θρησκείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θρησκειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θρησκείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θρησκείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θρησκείαις (dative plural)
τὴν θρησκείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ θρησκείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θρησκείᾱς (accusative plural)
θρησκείᾱ (singular vocative)
θρησκείᾱ (dual vocative)
θρησκεῖαι (plural vocative)

From θρησκεύω (thrēskeúō, “perform religious observances, worship”).


θέμα

θέμᾰ • (théma) n (genitive θέμᾰτος); third declension

θέμᾰ (canonical)
théma (romanization)
θέμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ θέμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ θέμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ θέμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ θέμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν θεμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θεμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ θέμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν θεμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θέμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
θέμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs thémasi (dative plural)
toîs thémasin (dative plural)
τὸ θέμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θέμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ θέμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
θέμᾰ (singular vocative)
θέμᾰτε (dual vocative)
θέμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: thema
→ English: theme
→ German: Thema
→ Hunsrik: Tema
→ Japanese: テーマ (tēma)
→ Russian: те́ма (téma)
→ Georgian: თემა (tema)
→ Uyghur: تېما (tëma)
→ Uzbek: tema
→ Esperanto: temo
→ French: thème
→ Italian: tema
→ Dutch: thema
→ Polish: temat (learned)
→ Portuguese: teima, tema
→ Romanian: temă
→ Spanish: tema

→ Old Georgian: [Term?]

Georgian: თემი (temi)
→ Bats: თემ (tem)

From τῐ́θημῐ (títhēmi, “to set, put, place”) + -μᾰ (-ma, nominal suffix).

af

Money deposited; (of grain) deposit; treasure.

That which is placed or laid down.
Pile. (of loaves)

That which is placed or laid down.
Coffer.

That which is placed or laid down.
Position, situation. (of land)

That which is placed or laid down.
(astrology) Nativity, horoscope.

That which is placed or laid down.
Nativity, horoscope.

Common burial place or common land; private burial ground.

Case proposed for discussion, theme of an argument.

“τὸ θέμα, ἀμύσσω: ὁ μέλλων, ἀμύξω
“tò théma, amússō: ho méllōn, amúxō
“The primary form [ie present tense] is ἀμύσσω [I scratch], the future is ἀμύξω [I will scratch].

(grammar) Primary (nonderivative) element or form.

(logic, Stoic) Mode of reduction of an irregular syllogism.

A Theme, the regional unit of government of the Eastern Roman/Byzantine empire approximately from the 7th to the 11th century.


κλητική

grc-noun

κλητῐκή • (klētikḗ) f (genitive κλητῐκῆς); first declension

κλητῐκή (canonical)
klētikḗ (romanization)
κλητῐκῆς (genitive)
ἡ κλητῐκή (nominative singular)
τῆς κλητῐκῆς (genitive singular)
τῇ κλητῐκῇ (dative singular)
τὴν κλητῐκήν (accusative singular)
κλητῐκή (singular vocative)

Greek: κλητική (klitikí)

Latin: vocātīvus (calque)

170 BCE – 90 BCE, Dionysius Thrax, Art of Grammar 636.7

50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Pronouns 6.9

(grammar) the vocative case – elliptically for κλητῐκὴ πτῶσῐς (ptôsis): literally, “inflection for calling” or “addressing”


πόλος

πόλος • (pólos) m (genitive πόλου); second declension

pólos (romanization)
πόλου (genitive)
ὁ πόλος (nominative singular)
τὼ πόλω (dual nominative)
οἱ πόλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πόλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πόλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ πόλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πόλοις (dative plural)
τὸν πόλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πόλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πόλους (accusative plural)
πόλε (singular vocative)
πόλω (dual vocative)
πόλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: πόλος (pólos)

→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn”): *kʷól-os > *pól-os.

pole passing through the axletree of a carriage

concave sundial, on which the shadow was cast by the gnomon


κεραία

κεραίᾱ • (keraíā) f (genitive κεραίᾱς); first declension

κεραίᾱ (canonical)
keraíā (romanization)
κεραίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κεραίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κεραῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κεραίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεραιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κεραίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κεραίαις (dative plural)
τὴν κεραίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κεραίᾱς (accusative plural)
κεραίᾱ (singular vocative)
κεραίᾱ (dual vocative)
κεραῖαι (plural vocative)

From κέρας (kéras, “horn”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
(nautical) yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
projecting beam of a crane

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
projecting parts of the huckle bone

branching stake of wood, used as a pale in palisades

(in the plural, astronomy) horns of the moon

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
horns of the moon

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
(in writing) apex of a letter

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
apex of a letter

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
leg of a pair of compasses

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
projecting spur of a mountain

(anatomy) supposed teat-like projections inside the womb


φάκελος

φάκελος • (phákelos) m (genitive φακέλου); second declension

phákelos (romanization)
φακέλου (genitive)
ὁ φάκελος (nominative singular)
τὼ φακέλω (dual nominative)
οἱ φάκελοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φακέλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φακέλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φακέλων (genitive plural)
τῷ φακέλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φακέλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φακέλοις (dative plural)
τὸν φάκελον (accusative singular)
τὼ φακέλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φακέλους (accusative plural)
φάκελε (singular vocative)
φακέλω (dual vocative)
φάκελοι (plural vocative)

Greek: φάκελος (fákelos)

The suffix is a reminiscent of πύελος (púelos) and σκόπελος (skópelos). Furnée further compares φάσκωλος (pháskōlos, “leathern bag”) and βάσκιοι (báskioi). Solmsen hesitatingly compared σφάκελος (sphákelos, “spasm, gangrene”), suggesting a common meaning "drawn together, tied together". Cognate to Albanian bashkë (“together”). Beekes claims that there exists a variant in "-λλ-", and that this proves that this word is Pre-Greek, but this is dismissed by Nikolaev on the grounds that the variant in question does not actually exist.


διαβήτης

δῐᾰβήτης • (diabḗtēs) m (genitive δῐᾰβήτου); first declension

δῐᾰβήτης (canonical)
diabḗtēs (romanization)
δῐᾰβήτου (genitive)
ὁ δῐᾰβήτης (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰβήτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ δῐᾰβῆται (nominative plural)
τοῦ δῐᾰβήτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰβήταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐᾰβητῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ δῐᾰβήτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰβήταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δῐᾰβήταις (dative plural)
τὸν δῐᾰβήτην (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰβήτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς δῐᾰβήτᾱς (accusative plural)
δῐᾰβῆτᾰ (singular vocative)
δῐᾰβήτᾱ (dual vocative)
δῐᾰβῆται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: diabētēs
→ English: diabetes

From δῐᾰβαίνω (diabaínō, “to step across, pass over”) + -της (-tēs, “-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).

af

Κατὰ τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας λεπτὴν τέφραν, κάμψας ὀβελίσκον, εἶτα διαβήτην λαβών, ἐκ τῆς παλαίστρας θοἰμάτιον ὑφείλετο.

He sprinkled fine ashes on the table, and bent a little spit, and then took it as a pair of compasses and filched a cloak from the Palaestra.

Katà tês trapézēs katapásas leptḕn téphran, kámpsas obelískon, eîta diabḗtēn labṓn, ek tês palaístras thoimátion hupheíleto.

pair of compasses (so called from its outstretched legs)

Κανόνι γὰρ οἶμαι καὶ τόρνῳ χρῆται καὶ διαβήτῃ καὶ στάθμῃ καί τινι προσαγωγίῳ κεκομψευμένῳ.

For the artisan uses a rule, I imagine, a lathe, compasses, a chalk-line, and an ingenious instrument called a vice.

Kanóni gàr oîmai kaì tórnōi khrêtai kaì diabḗtēi kaì státhmēi kaí tini prosagōgíōi kekompseuménōi.

10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Pneumatica 1.29

Θώϋμα τὸ διαβήτεω πάθος, οὐ κάρτα ξύνηθες ἀνθρώποισι· σαρκῶν καὶ μελέων ἐς οὖρον ἡ ξύντηξις· ὑγρὴ καὶ ψυχρὴ, ὅκως ἐν ὕδρωψι, αἰτίη.

1 CE – 100 CE, Aretaeus, De Causis et Signis Diuturnorum Morborum 2.2

Diabetes is a remarkable disorder, and not one very common to man. It consists of a moist and cold wasting of the flesh and limbs into urine, from a cause similar to that of dropsy.

Thṓüma tò diabḗteō páthos, ou kárta xúnēthes anthrṓpoisi; sarkôn kaì meléōn es oûron hē xúntēxis; hugrḕ kaì psukhrḕ, hókōs en húdrōpsi, aitíē.


ἰά

grc-noun

ῐ̓ᾱ́ • (iā́) f (genitive ῐ̓ᾱ́ς); first declension

ῐ̓ᾱ́ (canonical)
iā́ (romanization)
ῐ̓ᾱ́ς (genitive)
ἡ ῐ̓ᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓ᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῐ̓αί (nominative plural)
τῆς ῐ̓ᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓αῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓ῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῐ̓ᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓αῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῐ̓αῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ῐ̓ᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓ᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῐ̓ᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ῐ̓ᾱ́ (singular vocative)
ῐ̓ᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ῐ̓αί (plural vocative)


ἴασις

ῑ̓́ᾱσῐς • (ī́āsis) f (genitive ῑ̓ᾱ́σεως); third declension

ῑ̓́ᾱσῐς (canonical)
ī́āsis (romanization)
ῑ̓ᾱ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ῑ̓́ᾱσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓ᾱ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῑ̓ᾱ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓ᾱ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓ᾱσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓ᾱ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓ᾱ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓ᾱσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓ᾱ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓ᾱ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs īā́sesi (dative plural)
taîs īā́sesin (dative plural)
τὴν ῑ̓́ᾱσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓ᾱ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῑ̓ᾱ́σεις (accusative plural)
ῑ̓́ᾱσῐ (singular vocative)
ῑ̓ᾱ́σει (dual vocative)
ῑ̓ᾱ́σεις (plural vocative)

From ῑ̓ᾰ́ομαι (īáomai, “I heal”) + -σῐς (-sis).


τυπογράφος

grc-noun

τῠπογρᾰ́φος • (tupográphos) m (genitive τῠπογρᾰ́φου); second declension

τῠπογρᾰ́φος (canonical)
tupográphos (romanization)
τῠπογρᾰ́φου (genitive)
ὁ τῠπογρᾰ́φος (nominative singular)
τὼ τῠπογρᾰ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ τῠπογρᾰ́φοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῠπογρᾰ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῠπογρᾰ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῠπογρᾰ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ τῠπογρᾰ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῠπογρᾰ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῠπογρᾰ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν τῠπογρᾰ́φον (accusative singular)
τὼ τῠπογρᾰ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῠπογρᾰ́φους (accusative plural)
τῠπογρᾰ́φε (singular vocative)
τῠπογρᾰ́φω (dual vocative)
τῠπογρᾰ́φοι (plural vocative)


ἐτυμολογία

ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς

ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ • (etumologíā) f (genitive ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
etumologíā (romanization)
ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐτῠμολογῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐτῠμολογῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐτῠμολογῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐτῠμολογῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐτῠμολογῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐτῠμολογῐ́αι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱς

desctree

Latin: etymologia f, ethimologia (Medieval Latin)
Catalan: etimologia
→ Czech: etymologie f
→ Danish: etymologi
→ Dutch: etymologie
→ English: etymology
→ Finnish: etymologia
French: étymologie
Friulian: etimologjie
→ German: Etymologie
Italian: etimologia
→ Lithuanian: etimologija
→ Norwegian Bokmål: etymologi
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: etymologi
→ Polish: etymologia
Occitan: etimologia
→ Old Ruthenian: етимоло́ґїа (etimológia), етѵмоло́гїѧ (etimolóhija), етимоло́ґїа (etimológia), єтимоло́ґїа (jetimológia)
Belarusian: этымало́гія (etymalóhija); этымалёгія (etymaljóhija) (Taraškievica orthography)
Carpathian Rusyn: етімоло́ґія (etimológija)
Ukrainian: етимоло́гія (etymolóhija)
Piedmontese: etimologìa
Portuguese: etimologia
Romanian: etimologie
→ Russian: этимология f (etimologija)
→ Serbo-Croatian: etimologija
→ Slovak: etymológia f
→ Slovene: etimologija
Spanish: etimología
→ Swedish: etymologi

ἐτῠμόλογος (etumólogos) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)

suffix

ἐτῠμόλογος (etumólogos) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)

64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 16.4.29

60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, The Arrangement of Words 16

50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Adverbs 153.13

280 BCE – 220 BCE, Philo of Byzantium, Compendium of Mechanics 1.354


σπέρμα

grc-noun

σπέρμα • (spérma) n (genitive σπέρμᾰτος); third declension

spérma (romanization)
σπέρμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σπέρμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σπέρμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σπέρμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπέρμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπερμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπερμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σπέρμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπερμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπέρμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σπέρμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs spérmasi (dative plural)
toîs spérmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σπέρμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σπέρμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σπέρμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σπέρμᾰ (singular vocative)
σπέρμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σπέρμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲥⲡⲉⲣⲙⲁ (sperma)

Greek: σπέρμα (spérma)

Mariupol Greek: сперма (spjerma)

desctree

→ Latin: sperma
Catalan: esperma
Old French: sperme
Middle French: sperme
→ English: sperm
French: sperme
→ German: Sperma
→ Estonian: sperma

From Proto-Indo-European *spérmn̥, which consists of Proto-Indo-European *sper- + Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥. By surface analysis, σπείρω (speírō) + -μα (-ma). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀟𐀔 (pe-ma).

surf

300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 46.6


περίοδος

grc-noun

περῐ́οδος • (períodos) f (genitive περῐόδου); second declension

περῐ́οδος (canonical)
períodos (romanization)
περῐόδου (genitive)
ἡ περῐ́οδος (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐόδω (dual nominative)
αἱ περῐ́οδοι (nominative plural)
τῆς περῐόδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐόδων (genitive plural)
τῇ περῐόδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐόδοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περῐόδοις (dative plural)
τὴν περῐ́οδον (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐόδω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περῐόδους (accusative plural)
περῐ́οδε (singular vocative)
περῐόδω (dual vocative)
περῐ́οδοι (plural vocative)

From περῐ́ (perí, “around”) + ὁδός (hodós, “path, road”).

af

(figuratively) periodic recurrence:
of time, of events, of thoughts

(figuratively) periodic recurrence:
roster

(figuratively) periodic recurrence:
(astronomy) of orbit

(figuratively) periodic recurrence:
(medicine) menstruation

λέγω δὲ περίοδον λέξιν ἔχουσαν ἀρχὴν καὶ τελευτὴν αὐτὴν καθ’ αὑτὴν καὶ μέγεθος εὐσύνοπτον.

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 3.9

and by period I mean a wording which has a beginning and an end, and is consistent in its meaning, and which is of good (not excessive), easily perceived length.

légō dè períodon léxin ékhousan arkhḕn kaì teleutḕn autḕn kath’ hautḕn kaì mégethos eusúnopton.

(grammar, rhetoric) period (of sentences).


περίοδος

grc-noun

περῐ́οδος • (períodos) m (genitive περῐόδου); second declension

περῐ́οδος (canonical)
períodos (romanization)
περῐόδου (genitive)
ὁ περῐ́οδος (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐόδω (dual nominative)
οἱ περῐ́οδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ περῐόδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐόδων (genitive plural)
τῷ περῐόδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐόδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς περῐόδοις (dative plural)
τὸν περῐ́οδον (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐόδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς περῐόδους (accusative plural)
περῐ́οδε (singular vocative)
περῐόδω (dual vocative)
περῐ́οδοι (plural vocative)

Greek: περίοδος (períodos)

→ Latin: periodus (see there for further descendants)

English: period

and see derivatives and compounds @perseus.tufts.edu retr:2018.07.15.


φάλαινα

φάλαινᾰ • (phálaina) f (genitive φαλαίνης); first declension

φάλαινᾰ (canonical)
phálaina (romanization)
φαλαίνης (genitive)
ἡ φάλαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φαλαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φάλαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς φαλαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φαλαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φαλαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φαλαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φαλαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φαλαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν φάλαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φαλαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φαλαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
φάλαινᾰ (singular vocative)
φαλαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
φάλαιναι (plural vocative)

Alternative form of φάλλαινα (phállaina, “moth”)


φοιτητής

φοιτητής • (phoitētḗs) m (genitive φοιτητοῦ); first declension

phoitētḗs (romanization)
φοιτητοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φοιτητής (nominative singular)
τὼ φοιτητᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ φοιτηταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φοιτητοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φοιτηταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φοιτητῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φοιτητῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν φοιτηταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φοιτηταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φοιτητήν (accusative singular)
τὼ φοιτητᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φοιτητᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
φοιτητᾰ́ (singular vocative)
φοιτητᾱ́ (dual vocative)
φοιτηταί (plural vocative)

Greek: φοιτητής (foititís)

From φοιτάω (phoitáō, “to visit”) + -της (-tēs, masculine agent-noun suffix).


καταρράκτης

grc-noun

κᾰταρρᾱ́κτης

κᾰταρρᾱ́κτου

κᾰταρρᾱ́κτης • (katarrhā́ktēs) m (genitive κᾰταρρᾱ́κτου); first declension

κᾰταρρᾱ́κτης (canonical)
katarrhā́ktēs (romanization)
κᾰταρρᾱ́κτου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτης (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰτᾰρρᾶκται (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰτᾰρρᾱκτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κταις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτην (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰτᾰρρᾶκτᾰ (singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰρρᾱ́κτᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰτᾰρρᾶκται (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κᾰτᾰρράˉκτης

desc

Greek: καταρράκτης (katarráktis), καταρράχτης (katarráchtis)

→ Aramaic: אגטרגטא (agṭragṭā)

→ Coptic: ⲕⲁⲧⲁϩⲣⲁⲕⲧⲏⲥ (katahraktēs), ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲣⲁⲕⲧⲏⲥ (kataraktēs) — Bohairic

→ Latin: cataracta (see there for further descendants)

From καταρρᾱ́σσω (katarrhā́ssō) + -της (-tēs), the former from κατα- (kata-, “down”) + ῥᾱ́σσω (rhā́ssō, “to strike, dash”).

af

a kind of seabird, perhaps a gull or osprey


παρών

grc-noun

πᾰρών • (parṓn) m (genitive πᾰρῶνος); third declension

πᾰρών (canonical)
parṓn (romanization)
πᾰρῶνος (genitive)
ὁ πᾰρών (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰρῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰρῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰρῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰρῶσῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs parôsi (dative plural)
toîs parôsin (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰρῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰρῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰρών (singular vocative)
πᾰρῶνε (dual vocative)
πᾰρῶνες (plural vocative)


σπάνιος

grc-noun form

σπάνῐος • (spánios)

σπάνῐος (canonical)
spánios (romanization)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(Ionic) genitive singular of σπάνις (spánis)


καταστροφή

grc-noun

κᾰτᾰστροφή • (katastrophḗ) f (genitive κᾰτᾰστροφῆς); first declension

κᾰτᾰστροφή (canonical)
katastrophḗ (romanization)
κᾰτᾰστροφῆς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰτᾰστροφή (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰστροφᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰτᾰστροφαί (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰτᾰστροφῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰστροφαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰτᾰστροφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰτᾰστροφῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰτᾰστροφαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰτᾰστροφαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰτᾰστροφήν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰτᾰστροφᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰτᾰστροφᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
κᾰτᾰστροφή (singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰστροφᾱ́ (dual vocative)
κᾰτᾰστροφαί (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: catàstrofe

→ Czech: katastrofa

→ Danish: katastrofe

→ Dutch: catastrofe

→ Esperanto: katastrofo

→ Finnish: katastrofi

→ French: catastrophe

→ Galician: catástrofe

→ Georgian: კატასტროფა (ḳaṭasṭropa)

→ German: Katastrophe

Greek: καταστροφή (katastrofí)

→ Haitian Creole: katastwòf

→ Hungarian: katasztrófa

→ Ido: katastrofo

→ Irish: catastróf

→ Italian: catastrofe

→ Norwegian Bokmål: katastrofe

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: katastrofe

→ Occitan: catastròfa

→ Polish: katastrofa

→ Portuguese: catástrofe

→ Romanian: catastrofă

→ Russian: катастро́фа (katastrófa)

→ Spanish: catástrofe

→ Swedish: katastrof

→ Volapük: katastrof

From καταστρέφω (katastréphō) + -η (-ē).

return of vibrating string to axial position


ἴς

ῑ̓́ς • (ī́s) f (genitive ῑ̓νός); third declension

ῑ̓́ς (canonical)
ī́s (romanization)
ῑ̓νός (genitive)
ἡ ῑ̓́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἶνε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἶνες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓νός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓νοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓νῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓νῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓νοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓σῐ́ (dative plural)
ῑ̓σῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs īsí (dative plural)
taîs īsín (dative plural)
τὴν ἶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἶνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἶνᾰς (accusative plural)
ῑ̓́ς (singular vocative)
ἶνε (dual vocative)
ἶνες (plural vocative)

Earlier *ϝῑ́ς (*wī́s), from Proto-Hellenic *wīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s, from *weyh₁-. Cognate with Latin vīs.

εἴ μοι ἔτ’ ἐστὶν / ἴς, οἵη πάρος ἔσκεν ἐνὶ γναμπτοῖσι μέλεσσιν

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.282–283

if I still have the power that used to be in my supple limbs

eí moi ét’ estìn / ís, hoíē páros ésken enì gnamptoîsi mélessin


ποίημα

ποίημᾰ • (poíēma) n (genitive ποιήμᾰτος); third declension

ποίημᾰ (canonical)
poíēma (romanization)
ποιήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ποίημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ποιήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ποιήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ποιήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ποιημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ποιημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ποιήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ποιημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ποιήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ποιήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs poiḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs poiḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ποίημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ποιήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ποιήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ποίημᾰ (singular vocative)
ποιήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ποιήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: poēma (see there for further descendants)

Russian: поэ́ма (poéma)

From the verb ποιέω (poiéō, “make, create”) + -μᾰ (-ma).


Γραικός

grc-noun

Γραικός • (Graikós) m (genitive Γραικοῦ); second declension

Graikós (romanization)
Γραικοῦ (genitive)
ὁ Γραικός (nominative singular)
τὼ Γραικώ (dual nominative)
οἱ Γραικοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ Γραικοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν Γραικοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν Γραικῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ Γραικῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν Γραικοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς Γραικοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν Γραικόν (accusative singular)
τὼ Γραικώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς Γραικούς (accusative plural)
Γραικέ (singular vocative)
Γραικώ (dual vocative)
Γραικοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: Graecus (see there for further descendants)

Aristotle was one of the first to use the name Γραικοί (Graikoí), saying that the area about Dodona and Achelous was inhabited by the Σελλοί (“Selloi”) and a people formerly called Graeci and now Ἕλληνες (“Hellenes”).
According to one hypothesis, the name means “from Γραῖα (Graîa, “Graea”)”, a city on the coast of Βοιωτῐ́ᾱ (Boiōtíā, “Boeotia”), and it was given to the Greeks of southern Italy by the Romans. The city’s name itself means “grey, venerable” from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old”). This is in stark contrast to eastern names for the Greeks based on Ἰωνία (Iōnía).

der

a Graecian, a member of an ancient Boeotian tribe that migrated to Italy.


ζωγράφος

grc-noun

ζωγρᾰ́φος • (zōgráphos) m (genitive ζωγρᾰ́φου); second declension

ζωγρᾰ́φος (canonical)
zōgráphos (romanization)
ζωγρᾰ́φου (genitive)
ὁ ζωγρᾰ́φος (nominative singular)
τὼ ζωγρᾰ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ ζωγρᾰ́φοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζωγρᾰ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζωγρᾰ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζωγρᾰ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ ζωγρᾰ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζωγρᾰ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζωγρᾰ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν ζωγρᾰ́φον (accusative singular)
τὼ ζωγρᾰ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ζωγρᾰ́φους (accusative plural)
ζωγρᾰ́φε (singular vocative)
ζωγρᾰ́φω (dual vocative)
ζωγρᾰ́φοι (plural vocative)

desctree

Greek: ζωγράφος (zográfos)
→⇒? Albanian: zugrafetë
→ Romanian: zugrav

ζωός (zōós, “alive”, “living”) or ζωή (zōḗ, “living”, “life”) + -γρᾰ́φος (-gráphos, “drawer”, “painter”, “writer”)

suffix

one who paints from life or from nature
in metaphorical use


σαρκοφάγος

grc-noun

σᾰρκοφᾰ́γος • (sarkophágos) m (genitive σᾰρκοφᾰ́γου); second declension

σᾰρκοφᾰ́γος (canonical)
sarkophágos (romanization)
σᾰρκοφᾰ́γου (genitive)
ὁ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γος (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γω (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰρκοφᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰρκοφᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰρκοφᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰρκοφᾰ́γοις (dative plural)
τὸν σᾰρκοφᾰ́γον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰρκοφᾰ́γω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾰρκοφᾰ́γους (accusative plural)
σᾰρκοφᾰ́γε (singular vocative)
σᾰρκοφᾰ́γω (dual vocative)
σᾰρκοφᾰ́γοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σαρκοφάγος (sarkofágos)

→ Latin: sarcophagus

By ellipsis of [λίθος] σαρκοφάγος, a limestone found at Assos in Troas, remarkable for consuming the flesh of corpses laid in it; coffins were made of it, and such a coffin was called a σαρκοφάγος.


σκιά

σκῐᾱ́ • (skiā́) f (genitive σκῐᾶς); first declension

σκῐᾱ́ (canonical)
skiā́ (romanization)
σκῐᾶς (genitive)
ἡ σκῐᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκῐαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σκῐᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῐαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκῐᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῐαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκῐαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σκῐᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῐᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκῐᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σκῐᾱ́ (singular vocative)
σκῐᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σκῐαί (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: ἥσκιος (hḗskios)

Greek: ίσκιος (ískios)

→ Greek: σκιά (skiá)

Mariupol Greek: щадъ (śað)

→ English: scia-

→ French: scia-

→ Italian: scia-


λωτός

λωτός • (lōtós) m (genitive λωτοῦ); second declension

lōtós (romanization)
λωτοῦ (genitive)
ὁ λωτός (nominative singular)
τὼ λωτώ (dual nominative)
οἱ λωτοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ λωτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν λωτοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λωτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ λωτῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν λωτοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς λωτοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν λωτόν (accusative singular)
τὼ λωτώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς λωτούς (accusative plural)
λωτέ (singular vocative)
λωτώ (dual vocative)
λωτοί (plural vocative)

Greek: λωτός (lotós)

→ Latin: lōtus

Probably from a Semitic source common to Hebrew לוֹט (lōṭ, “myrrh”, literally “covering, envelope”).

cog

strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum)

Lotus corniculatus
Lotus corniculatus#Translingual

name of various fodder plants:
birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum#Translingual

name of various fodder plants:
fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Nymphaea lotus
Nymphaea lotus#Translingual

Celtis australis
Celtis australis#Translingual

Ziziphus lotus
Ziziphus lotus#Translingual

(medicine) tube or stalk of vaginal speculum


λίμνη

grc-noun

λῐ́μνη • (límnē) f (genitive λῐ́μνης); first declension

λῐ́μνη (canonical)
límnē (romanization)
λῐ́μνης (genitive)
ἡ λῐ́μνη (nominative singular)
τὼ λῐ́μνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λῐ́μναι (nominative plural)
τῆς λῐ́μνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῐ́μναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῐμνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λῐ́μνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῐ́μναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λῐ́μναις (dative plural)
τὴν λῐ́μνην (accusative singular)
τὼ λῐ́μνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λῐ́μνᾱς (accusative plural)
λῐ́μνη (singular vocative)
λῐ́μνᾱ (dual vocative)
λῐ́μναι (plural vocative)

→ English: limno-

Greek: λίμνη (límni)

From or closely related to λιμήν (limḗn, “harbor”) and λειμών (leimṓn, “moist place, meadow”).


ποιότητα

grc-noun form

ποιότητᾰ • (poiótēta) f

ποιότητᾰ (canonical)
poiótēta (romanization)

accusative singular of ποιότης (poiótēs)


γέφυρα

grc-noun

γέφῡρᾰ • (géphūra) f (genitive γεφῡ́ρᾱς); first declension

γέφῡρᾰ (canonical)
géphūra (romanization)
γεφῡ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ γέφῡρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γεφῡ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γέφῡραι (nominative plural)
τῆς γεφῡ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν γεφῡ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γεφῡρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γεφῡ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γεφῡ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γεφῡ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν γέφῡρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ γεφῡ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γεφῡ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
γέφῡρᾰ (singular vocative)
γεφῡ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
γέφῡραι (plural vocative)

Greek: γέφυρα (géfyra)

Unknown. Compare Old Armenian կամուրջ (kamurǰ, “bridge”) and Hattic 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊒𒊀 (ḫa-am-mu-ru-waₐ /ḫamuruwa, ḫammuruwa, ḫāmuruwaₐ/, “beam”). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin.


σαββατισμός

grc-noun

σαββᾰτῐσμός • (sabbatismós) m (genitive σαββᾰτῐσμοῦ); second declension

σαββᾰτῐσμός (canonical)
sabbatismós (romanization)
σαββᾰτῐσμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ σαββᾰτῐσμός (nominative singular)
τὼ σαββᾰτῐσμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ σαββᾰτῐσμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ σαββᾰτῐσμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σαββᾰτῐσμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σαββᾰτῐσμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σαββᾰτῐσμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σαββᾰτῐσμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σαββᾰτῐσμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν σαββᾰτῐσμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σαββᾰτῐσμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σαββᾰτῐσμούς (accusative plural)
σαββᾰτῐσμέ (singular vocative)
σαββᾰτῐσμώ (dual vocative)
σαββᾰτῐσμοί (plural vocative)

From σαββᾰτῐ́ζω (sabbatízō, “I keep the Sabbath, I observe the Sabbath, I sabbatise, I sabbatize”) + -ῐσμός (-ismós, verbal noun suffix), from σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát).

af

(The / A) keeping of the Sabbath, Sabbath-keeping, Sabbathkeeping, Sabbath rest, Sabbath resting, Sabbath observance, observance of the Sabbath.


ἱπποκένταυρος

grc-noun

ῐ̔πποκένταυρος

ῐ̔πποκενταύρου

ῐ̔πποκένταυρος • (hippokéntauros) m (genitive ῐ̔πποκενταύρου); second declension

ῐ̔πποκένταυρος (canonical)
hippokéntauros (romanization)
ῐ̔πποκενταύρου (genitive)
ὁ ῐ̔πποκένταυρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκενταύρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῐ̔πποκένταυροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̔πποκενταύρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκενταύροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̔πποκενταύρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̔πποκενταύρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκενταύροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̔πποκενταύροις (dative plural)
τὸν ῐ̔πποκένταυρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκενταύρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῐ̔πποκενταύρους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔πποκένταυρε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔πποκενταύρω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔πποκένταυροι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῐ̔πποκένταυρος

desctree

→ Latin: hippocentaurus
→ English: hippocentaur
→ French: hippocentaure

From ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + Κένταυρος (Kéntauros, “Centaur”). While "horse centaur" may seem redundant, it should be noted that Κένταυρος (Kéntauros) originally referred to a race of people, the Centaurs, who are associated in some myths with the origin of the creature "centaur". This term likely made the distinction between a person of the Centaur race and the creature, until later, when the word κένταυρος (kéntauros) simply referred to the creature. Note that while Wiktionary distinguishes between upper and lower case in Ancient Greek words, Ancient Greek did not (minuscules were not invented until the seventh century).


πόνος

grc-noun

πόνος • (pónos) m (genitive πόνου); second declension

pónos (romanization)
πόνου (genitive)
ὁ πόνος (nominative singular)
τὼ πόνω (dual nominative)
οἱ πόνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πόνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πόνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πόνοις (dative plural)
τὸν πόνον (accusative singular)
τὼ πόνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πόνους (accusative plural)
πόνε (singular vocative)
πόνω (dual vocative)
πόνοι (plural vocative)
πόνος (nominative singular)
πόνω (dual nominative)
πόνοι (nominative plural)
πόνου (genitive singular)
πονοῖο (genitive singular)
πόνοιο (genitive singular)
πονόο (genitive singular)
πόνοο (genitive singular)
πόνοιῐν (dual genitive)
πόνων (genitive plural)
πόνῳ (dative singular)
πόνοιῐν (dative dual)
πόνοισῐ (dative plural)
πόνοισῐν (dative plural)
πόνοις (dative plural)
pónoisi (dative plural)
pónoisin (dative plural)
pónois (dative plural)
πόνον (accusative singular)
πόνω (accusative dual)
πόνους (accusative plural)
πόνε (singular vocative)
πόνω (dual vocative)
πόνοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to weave, to twist”), with semantic shift "weaving, stretching" > "tensing, strain" > "exertion, toil". Cognate with Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to exert oneself”), Proto-Germanic *spinnaną (“to spin”), and Lithuanian pìnti (“to twist”).

cog

πόνος πόνῳ πόνον φέρει

the consequence of toil, distress, trouble, suffering


κύκλῳ

head

κῠ́κλῳ • (kúklōi)

κῠ́κλῳ (canonical)
kúklōi (romanization)


ἐπένθεσις

grc-noun

ἐπένθεσῐς • (epénthesis) f (genitive ἐπενθέσεως); third declension

ἐπένθεσῐς (canonical)
epénthesis (romanization)
ἐπενθέσεως (genitive)
ἡ ἐπένθεσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπενθέσει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπενθέσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπενθέσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπενθεσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπενθέσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπενθέσει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπενθεσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπενθέσεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐπενθέσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs epenthésesi (dative plural)
taîs epenthésesin (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπένθεσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπενθέσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπενθέσεις (accusative plural)
ἐπένθεσῐ (singular vocative)
ἐπενθέσει (dual vocative)
ἐπενθέσεις (plural vocative)

From ἐπεντῐ́θημῐ (epentíthēmi, “I insert”) + -σῐς (-sis, verbal noun suffix).


μήνη

grc-noun

μήνη • (mḗnē) f (genitive μήνης); first declension

mḗnē (romanization)
μήνης (genitive)
ἡ μήνη (nominative singular)
τὼ μήνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μῆναι (nominative plural)
τῆς μήνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μήναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μήνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μήναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήναις (dative plural)
τὴν μήνην (accusative singular)
τὼ μήνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήνᾱς (accusative plural)
μήνη (singular vocative)
μήνᾱ (dual vocative)
μῆναι (plural vocative)


τάπητας

grc-noun form

τάπητᾰς • (tápētas)

τάπητᾰς (canonical)
tápētas (romanization)


περιπάτου

head

περῐπᾰ́του • (peripátou)

περῐπᾰ́του (canonical)
peripátou (romanization)

genitive singular of περῐ́πᾰτος (perípatos)


φλόος

grc-noun

φλόος • (phlóos) m (genitive φλόου); second declension

phlóos (romanization)
φλόου (genitive)
ὁ φλόος (nominative singular)
τὼ φλόω (dual nominative)
οἱ φλόοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φλόου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλόοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλόων (genitive plural)
τῷ φλόῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλόοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φλόοις (dative plural)
τὸν φλόα (accusative singular)
τὼ φλόω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φλόους (accusative plural)
φλόε (singular vocative)
φλόω (dual vocative)
φλόοι (plural vocative)


περίπατος

περῐ́πᾰτος • (perípatos) m (genitive περῐπᾰ́του); second declension

περῐ́πᾰτος (canonical)
perípatos (romanization)
περῐπᾰ́του (genitive)
ὁ περῐ́πᾰτος (nominative singular)
τὼ περῐπᾰ́τω (dual nominative)
οἱ περῐ́πᾰτοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ περῐπᾰ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν περῐπᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περῐπᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ περῐπᾰ́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περῐπᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς περῐπᾰ́τοις (dative plural)
τὸν περῐ́πᾰτον (accusative singular)
τὼ περῐπᾰ́τω (accusative dual)
τοὺς περῐπᾰ́τους (accusative plural)
περῐ́πᾰτε (singular vocative)
περῐπᾰ́τω (dual vocative)
περῐ́πᾰτοι (plural vocative)

From περῐπᾰτέω (peripatéō, “I walk around”).

a place for walking, especially a covered walk

Ἀκαδημία Ἀκαδημία

a school of philosophy, first used in reference to the Ἀκαδημία


κίνημα

κῑ́νημᾰ • (kī́nēma) n (genitive κῑνήμᾰτος); third declension

κῑ́νημᾰ (canonical)
kī́nēma (romanization)
κῑνήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κῑ́νημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῑνήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῑνήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῑνήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῑνημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῑνημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κῑνήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῑνημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῑνήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κῑνήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kīnḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs kīnḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ κῑ́νημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κῑνήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῑνήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κῑ́νημᾰ (singular vocative)
κῑνήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κῑνήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)


στολή

στολή • (stolḗ) f (genitive στολῆς); first declension

stolḗ (romanization)
στολῆς (genitive)
ἡ στολή (nominative singular)
τὼ στολᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ στολαί (nominative plural)
τῆς στολῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν στολαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν στολῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στολῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν στολαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς στολαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν στολήν (accusative singular)
τὼ στολᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στολᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
στολή (singular vocative)
στολᾱ́ (dual vocative)
στολαί (plural vocative)

Greek: στολή (stolí)

→ Hebrew: אִצְטְלָה (itztəlá)

desctree

→ Latin: stola
→ Czech: štóla (learned)
→ English: stola, stole (learned)
→ Finnish: stola (learned)
→ Italian: stola (learned)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stola (learned)
→ Polish: stola (learned)
→ Slovak: štóla (learned)
→ Swedish: stola (learned)

From στέλλω (stéllō, “to clothe”) + -η (-ē). Compare deverbal English dress.


ὑπόκρισις

grc-noun

ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεως

ῠ̔πόκρῐσῐς • (hupókrisis) f (genitive ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεως); third declension

ῠ̔πόκρῐσῐς (canonical)
hupókrisis (romanization)
ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ῠ̔πόκρῐσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ποκρῐσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ποκρῐσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs hupokrísesi (dative plural)
taîs hupokrísesin (dative plural)
τὴν ῠ̔πόκρῐσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεις (accusative plural)
ῠ̔πόκρῐσῐ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σει (dual vocative)
ῠ̔ποκρῐ́σεις (plural vocative)

Latin: hypocrisis

From ῠ̔ποκρῑ́νομαι (hupokrī́nomai, “I answer (a fellow actor on stage), play a part, feign, pretend”) + -σῐς (-sis).

af

ῠ̔ποκρῑ́νομαι

the part of an actor or orator: delivery, delivery, elocution, act


κῶμος

grc-noun

κῶμος • (kômos) m (genitive κώμου); second declension

kômos (romanization)
κώμου (genitive)
ὁ κῶμος (nominative singular)
τὼ κώμω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῶμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κώμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κώμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κώμων (genitive plural)
τῷ κώμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κώμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κώμοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῶμον (accusative singular)
τὼ κώμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κώμους (accusative plural)
κῶμε (singular vocative)
κώμω (dual vocative)
κῶμοι (plural vocative)

The origin is uncertain.
Dunkel (apud LIV) derives from Proto-Indo-European *ḱómso-, from *ḱems- (“to announce, proclaim”), whence Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to declare”), Proto-Iranian *cánhati (“to declare, explain”), Latin cēnseō (“to give an opinion”).
On the other hand, Janda (apud LIV) derives from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-, from *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”), whence Sanskrit काम (kā́ma, “desire, wish”), Latin cārus (“dear”).
Beekes remarks that, since the precise development of the meaning of κῶμος (kômos) is uncertain, etymological suggestions remain highly hypothetical. He suggests that this is a Pre-Greek word, though does not discount the possibility of derivation from *ḱómso-.


ἀοιδή

grc-noun

ᾰ̓οιδή • (aoidḗ) f (genitive ᾰ̓οιδῆς); first declension

ᾰ̓οιδή (canonical)
aoidḗ (romanization)
ᾰ̓οιδῆς (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓οιδή (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓οιδαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓οιδῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓οιδαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓οιδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓οιδῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓οιδαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓οιδαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓οιδήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδή (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓οιδαί (plural vocative)
ᾰ̓οιδή (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (dual nominative)
ᾰ̓οιδαί (nominative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδῆς (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓οιδαῖν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓οιδαῖῐν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓οιδῇῐν (dual genitive)
aoidaîn (dual genitive)
aoidaîin (dual genitive)
aoidêiin (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
ᾰ̓οιδέ͜ων (genitive plural)
ᾰ̓οιδῶν (genitive plural)
ᾰ̓οιδῇ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓οιδαῖν (dative dual)
ᾰ̓οιδαῖῐν (dative dual)
ᾰ̓οιδῇῐν (dative dual)
aoidaîn (dative dual)
aoidaîin (dative dual)
aoidêiin (dative dual)
ᾰ̓οιδῇσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδῇσῐν (dative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδῇς (dative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδαῖς (dative plural)
aoidêisi (dative plural)
aoidêisin (dative plural)
aoidêis (dative plural)
aoidaîs (dative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδήν (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (accusative dual)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓οιδή (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓οιδᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓οιδαί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *awoidā́. By surface analysis, ᾰ̓είδω (aeídō, “to sing”) + -η (-ē).


κωμῳδία

grc-noun

κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ • (kōmōidíā) f (genitive κωμῳδῐ́ᾱς); first declension

κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
kōmōidíā (romanization)
κωμῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κωμῳδῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς κωμῳδῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κωμῳδῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κωμῳδῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κωμῳδῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κωμῳδῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κωμῳδῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν κωμῳδῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κωμῳδῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κωμῳδῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κωμῳδῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: κωμωδία (komodía)

Latin: cōmoedia

French: comédie

English: comedy

Greek: κομεντί (komentí)

Russian: коме́дия (komédija)

From κῶμος (kômos, “revel, carousing”) + either ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”) or ἀοιδός (aoidós, “singer, bard”), both from ἀείδω (aeídō, “I sing”).


ἀοιδός

ἀοιδός • (aoidós) m (genitive ἀοιδοῦ); second declension

aoidós (romanization)
ἀοιδοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἀοιδός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀοιδώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀοιδοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀοιδοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀοιδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀοιδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀοιδῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀοιδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀοιδοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀοιδόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀοιδώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀοιδούς (accusative plural)
ἀοιδέ (singular vocative)
ἀοιδώ (dual vocative)
ἀοιδοί (plural vocative)

Greek: αοιδός (aoidós)

→ Catalan: aede (learned)

→ English: aoidos (learned)

→ French: aède (learned)

→ Italian: aedo (learned)

→ Russian: аэ́д (aéd) (learned)


ᾠδή

ᾠδή • (ōidḗ) f (genitive ᾠδῆς); first declension

ōidḗ (romanization)
ᾠδῆς (genitive)
ἡ ᾠδή (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾠδᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾠδαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾠδῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾠδαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾠδῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾠδῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾠδαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾠδαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ᾠδήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾠδᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾠδᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ᾠδή (singular vocative)
ᾠδᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ᾠδαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ōda

Middle French: ode

French: ode

→ English: ode

Spanish: oda

Greek: ωδή (odí)

→ Russian: о́да f (óda)

Contracted form of ἀοιδή (aoidḗ), from ἀείδω (aeídō, “to sing”) + -η (-ē).


δίδυμος

δῐ́δῠμος • (dídumos) m (genitive δῐδῠ́μου); second declension

δῐ́δῠμος (canonical)
dídumos (romanization)
δῐδῠ́μου (genitive)
ὁ δῐ́δῠμος (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐδῠ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ δῐ́δῠμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δῐδῠ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐδῠ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐδῠ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ δῐδῠ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐδῠ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δῐδῠ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν δῐ́δῠμον (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐδῠ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δῐδῠ́μους (accusative plural)
δῐ́δῠμε (singular vocative)
δῐδῠ́μω (dual vocative)
δῐ́δῠμοι (plural vocative)

→ English: didymus

Greek: δίδυμος (dídymos)

Reduplication from δύο (dúo, “two”), with a suffix -μος (-mos); compare ἀμφίδυμος (amphídumos, “double”). Analogical formations like τρίδυμος (trídumos) show that this word was connected with δίς (dís, “twice”), at least at a later date.


ἰδιοσυγκρασία

ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ

ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱς

ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ • (idiosunkrāsíā) f (genitive ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
idiosunkrāsíā (romanization)
ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́αι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῐ̓δῐοσῠγκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ

→ Catalan: idiosincràsia (learned)

→ English: idiosyncrasy (learned)

→ French: idiosyncrasie (learned)

From ῐ̓́δῐος (ídios, “peculiar”) + σῠν- (sun-, “with”) + κρᾶσῐς (krâsis, “mixture”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

affix

peculiar temperament or habit, idiosyncrasy


κρᾶσις

grc-noun

κρᾶσῐς • (krâsis) f (genitive κρᾱ́σεως); third declension

κρᾶσῐς (canonical)
krâsis (romanization)
κρᾱ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ κρᾶσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ κρᾱ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ κρᾱ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς κρᾱ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρᾱσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρᾱ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ κρᾱ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν κρᾱσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρᾱ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
κρᾱ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs krā́sesi (dative plural)
taîs krā́sesin (dative plural)
τὴν κρᾶσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρᾱ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρᾱ́σεις (accusative plural)
κρᾶσῐ (singular vocative)
κρᾱ́σει (dual vocative)
κρᾱ́σεις (plural vocative)

From the root of κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “to mix”) + -σις (-sis).

suffix

(grammar) crasis (e.g. τὸ ἔλαιον > τοὔλαιον)

crasis (e.g. τὸ ἔλαιον > τοὔλαιον)


προσευχή

grc-noun

προσευχή • (proseukhḗ) f (genitive προσευχῆς); first declension

proseukhḗ (romanization)
προσευχῆς (genitive)
ἡ προσευχή (nominative singular)
τὼ προσευχᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ προσευχαί (nominative plural)
τῆς προσευχῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν προσευχαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν προσευχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ προσευχῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν προσευχαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς προσευχαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν προσευχήν (accusative singular)
τὼ προσευχᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προσευχᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
προσευχή (singular vocative)
προσευχᾱ́ (dual vocative)
προσευχαί (plural vocative)

From προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai, “pray”) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns). Morphologically from προσ- (“toward”) + εὐχή (“prayer, wish”).


δελφύς

grc-noun

δελφῡ́ς • (delphū́s) f (genitive δελφῠ́ος); third declension

δελφῡ́ς (canonical)
delphū́s (romanization)
δελφῠ́ος (genitive)
ἡ δελφῡ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ δελφῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ δελφῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς δελφῠ́ος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δελφῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δελφῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ δελφῠ́ῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν δελφῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δελφῠ́σῐ (dative plural)
δελφῠ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs delphúsi (dative plural)
taîs delphúsin (dative plural)
τὴν δελφῡ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ δελφῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δελφῦς (accusative plural)
δελφῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
δελφῡ́ (singular vocative)
δελφῠ́ε (dual vocative)
δελφῠ́ες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha) and Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gar^əβa).


βραχίων

βρᾰχῑ́ων • (brakhī́ōn) m (genitive βρᾰχῑ́ονος); third declension

βρᾰχῑ́ων (canonical)
brakhī́ōn (romanization)
βρᾰχῑ́ονος (genitive)
ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων (nominative singular)
τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε (dual nominative)
οἱ βρᾰχῑ́ονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρᾰχῑόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ (dative plural)
βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν (dative plural)
toîs brakhī́osi (dative plural)
toîs brakhī́osin (dative plural)
τὸν βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς (accusative plural)
βρᾰχῖον (singular vocative)
βρᾰχῑ́ονε (dual vocative)
βρᾰχῑ́ονες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: bracchium (see there for further descendants)

From βρᾰχῠ́ς (brakhús, “short”) + -ίων (-íōn), because the upper arm is shorter than the forearm.

etymon

βρᾰχῠ́ς>short


κύβος

grc-noun

κύβος • (kúbos) m (genitive κύβου); second declension

kúbos (romanization)
κύβου (genitive)
ὁ κῠ́βος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠ́βοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠ́βου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠ́βοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠ́βῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠ́βον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠ́βους (accusative plural)
κῠ́βε (singular vocative)
κῠ́βω (dual vocative)
κῠ́βοι (plural vocative)
ὁ κῦβος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῡ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῦβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῡ́βου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῡ́βοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῡ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῡ́βῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῡ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῡ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῦβον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῡ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῡ́βους (accusative plural)
κῦβε (singular vocative)
κῡ́βω (dual vocative)
κῦβοι (plural vocative)

Greek: κύβος (kývos)

→ Latin: cubus

→ Old French: cube

→ English: cube

French: cube

→ Russian: куб (kub)

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܘܒܘܣ (qwbws /qūbōs/, “cube”)

→ Arabic: قوبوس (/qūbōs/, “cube”)

Difficult to trace. The word passed to and from a number of languages (compare Latin cubus (“mass, quantity; cube”)).
Often thought to be derived from the root Proto-Indo-European *kewbh₂- (“to lie down (actively)”), reconstructed in LIV based on Latin cubō (“to lie down (passively)”) and some other verb forms. Compare Proto-Germanic *hupiz (“hip”) and Latin cubitus (“elbow”), and (formally unrelated) Ancient Greek ἀστράγαλος (astrágalos, “astragalus bone, knucklebone; dice (made from a knucklebone)”) for the semantic connection between “vertebra, bone (of an animal)” and “die, dice”. Animal bones were historically used as playing dice.
According to Beekes, words for dice are often loans and the Lydians claimed to have invented the game of κύβος (kúbos), suggesting a possible loan from Lydian.
Appears to have no relation to Arabic كَعْبَة (kaʕba).

noncog

τέλος δὲ μετὰ θυμοῦ τινος ὥσπερ ἀφεὶς ἑαυτὸν ἐκ τοῦ λογισμοῦ πρὸς τὸ μέλλον, καὶ τοῦτο δὴ τὸ κοινὸν τοῖς εἰς τύχας ἐμβαίνουσιν ἀπόρους καὶ τόλμας προοίμιον ὑπειπὼν, “Ἀνερρίφθω κύβος,” ὥρμησε πρὸς τὴν διάβασιν καὶ δρόμῳ τὸ λοιπὸν ἤδη χρώμενος εἰσέπεσε πρὸ ἡμέρας εἰς τὸ Ἀρίμινον καὶ κατέσχε.
télos dè metà thumoû tinos hṓsper apheìs heautòn ek toû logismoû pròs tò méllon, kaì toûto dḕ tò koinòn toîs eis túkhas embaínousin apórous kaì tólmas prooímion hupeipṑn, “Anerrhíphthō kúbos,” hṓrmēse pròs tḕn diábasin kaì drómōi tò loipòn ḗdē khrṓmenos eisépese prò hēméras eis tò Aríminon kaì katéskhe.
1919 translation by Bernadotte Perrin
But finally, with a sort of passion, as if abandoning calculation and casting himself upon the future, and uttering the phrase with which men usually prelude their plunge into desperate and daring fortunes, “Let the die be cast,” he hastened to cross the river; and going at full speed now for the rest of the time, before daybreak he dashed into Ariminum and took possession of it. [– See the die is cast.]

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Julius Caesar 32

(anatomy) vertebra; hollow above the hip of cattle


λιμός

grc-noun

λῑμός • (līmós) m or f (genitive λῑμοῦ); second declension

λῑμός (canonical)
līmós (romanization)
λῑμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ λῑμός (nominative singular)
τὼ λῑμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ λῑμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς λῑμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῑμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῑμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ λῑμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῑμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς λῑμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν λῑμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ λῑμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς λῑμούς (accusative plural)
λῑμέ (singular vocative)
λῑμώ (dual vocative)
λῑμοί (plural vocative)

May be connected with λοιμός (loimós, “plague”).


θυγάτηρ

θυγάτηρ • (thugátēr) f (genitive θῠγᾰτέρος or θῠγᾰτρός); third declension

thugátēr (romanization)
θῠγᾰτέρος (genitive)
θῠγᾰτρός (genitive)
ἡ θῠγᾰ́τηρ (nominative singular)
τὼ θῠγᾰ́τερε (dual nominative)
αἱ θῠγᾰτέρες (nominative plural)
θῠ́γᾰτρες (nominative plural)
τῆς θῠγᾰτέρος (genitive singular)
θῠγᾰτρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν θῠγᾰτέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θῠγᾰτέρων (genitive plural)
θῠγᾰτρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θῠγᾰτέρῐ (dative singular)
θῠγᾰτρί (dative singular)
τοῖν θῠγᾰτέροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θῠγᾰτέρσῐ (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτέρσῐν (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs thugatérsi (dative plural)
taîs thugatérsin (dative plural)
thugatrási (dative plural)
thugatrásin (dative plural)
τὴν θῠγᾰ́τερᾰ (accusative singular)
θῠγᾰτέρᾰ (accusative singular)
θῠ́γᾰτρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θῠγᾰ́τερε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θῠγᾰτέρᾰς (accusative plural)
θῠγᾰ́τερ (singular vocative)
θῠ́γᾰτερ (singular vocative)
θῠγᾰ́τερε (dual vocative)
θῠγᾰτέρες (plural vocative)
θῠ́γᾰτρες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

θῠγᾰτέρος, θῠγᾰτρός

θῠγᾰτέρῐ, θῠγᾰτρί

θῠγᾰ́τερᾰ, θῠγᾰτέρᾰ, θῠ́γᾰτρᾰ

θῠγᾰ́τερ, θῠ́γᾰτερ

θῠγᾰτέρες, θῠ́γᾰτρες

θῠγᾰτέρων, θῠγᾰτρῶν

θῠγᾰτέρσῐ(ν), θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐ(ν)

desc

Greek: θυγατέρα (thygatéra), δυχατέρα (dychatéra)

Doric Greek: συγάτηρ (sugátēr)

Tsakonian: σάτη (sáti)

From earlier *θύγατηρ (*thúgatēr) (compare with the Homeric accusative form θύγατρα (thúgatra) created to avoid the four syllables of θυγατέρα (thugatéra) and fit the hexameter) via Limitation Law which required the accent to be placed on the last two syllables, due to the long final syllable. Further via Proto-Hellenic *tʰúgatēr (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀶𐀏𐀳 (tu-ka-te /tʰúgatēr/)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr. Cognate with Sanskrit दुहितृ (dúhitṛ), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰𐍂 (dauhtar), Old Church Slavonic дъщи (dŭšti), Old English dohtor (whence English daughter) and Old High German tohter (cp. German Tochter).


δάκρυον

grc-noun

δᾰ́κρῠον • (dákruon) n (genitive δᾰκρῠ́ου); second declension

δᾰ́κρῠον (canonical)
dákruon (romanization)
δᾰκρῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ δᾰ́κρῠον (nominative singular)
τὼ δᾰκρῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δᾰκρῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δᾰκρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ δᾰκρῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δᾰκρῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ δᾰ́κρῠον (accusative singular)
τὼ δᾰκρῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ (accusative plural)
δᾰ́κρῠον (singular vocative)
δᾰκρῠ́ω (dual vocative)
δᾰ́κρῠᾰ (plural vocative)

Back-formation from δάκρυα (dákrua), originally the plural of δάκρυ (dákru).

Alternative form of δᾰ́κρῠ (dákru, “tear”)


δάκρυ

δᾰ́κρῠ • (dákru) n (genitive —); third declension

Greek: δάκρυ (dákry)

→ English: dacryo-

From Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru. Cognates include Latin lacruma, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr), Old English tēar, Sanskrit अश्रु (aśru) and Old Armenian արտաւսր (artawsr).

Anything which drips like a tear: gum, sap


δόμος

δόμος • (dómos) m (genitive δόμου); second declension

dómos (romanization)
δόμου (genitive)
ὁ δόμος (nominative singular)
τὼ δόμω (dual nominative)
οἱ δόμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δόμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δόμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δόμων (genitive plural)
τῷ δόμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δόμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δόμοις (dative plural)
τὸν δόμον (accusative singular)
τὼ δόμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δόμους (accusative plural)
δόμε (singular vocative)
δόμω (dual vocative)
δόμοι (plural vocative)
δόμος (nominative singular)
δόμω (dual nominative)
δόμοι (nominative plural)
δόμου (genitive singular)
δομοῖο (genitive singular)
δόμοιο (genitive singular)
δομόο (genitive singular)
δόμοο (genitive singular)
δόμοιῐν (dual genitive)
δόμων (genitive plural)
δόμῳ (dative singular)
δόμοιῐν (dative dual)
δόμοισῐ (dative plural)
δόμοισῐν (dative plural)
δόμοις (dative plural)
dómoisi (dative plural)
dómoisin (dative plural)
dómois (dative plural)
δόμον (accusative singular)
δόμω (accusative dual)
δόμους (accusative plural)
δόμε (singular vocative)
δόμω (dual vocative)
δόμοι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *dómos, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm. Cognates include Latin domus, Sanskrit दम (dáma), Bulgarian дом (dom), and Old Armenian տուն (tun).

horizontal beam at the top of some columns serving as a fixed portico or porch

fixed dwelling for some animals: barn, wasp's nest, snake's hole


φράτηρ

φρᾱ́τηρ • (phrā́tēr) m (genitive φρᾱ́τερος); third declension

φρᾱ́τηρ (canonical)
phrā́tēr (romanization)
φρᾱ́τερος (genitive)
ὁ φρᾱ́τηρ (nominative singular)
τὼ φρᾱ́τερε (dual nominative)
οἱ φρᾱ́τερες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φρᾱ́τερος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φρᾱτέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φρᾱτέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φρᾱ́τερῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φρᾱτέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φρᾱ́τερσῐ (dative plural)
φρᾱ́τερσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phrā́tersi (dative plural)
toîs phrā́tersin (dative plural)
τὸν φρᾱ́τερᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φρᾱ́τερε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φρᾱ́τερᾰς (accusative plural)
φρᾶτερ (singular vocative)
φρᾱ́τερε (dual vocative)
φρᾱ́τερες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰrā́tēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. The old kin sense of "brother" has been assumed by ἀδελφός (adelphós).

member of a community: clansman, kinsman, citizen, "brother" in the non-familial sense (as is usually expressed by "brethren")


ἐνωμοτία

ἐνωμοτίᾱ • (enōmotíā) f (genitive ἐνωμοτίᾱς); first declension

ἐνωμοτίᾱ (canonical)
enōmotíā (romanization)
ἐνωμοτίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἐνωμοτίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐνωμοτίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐνωμοτίαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐνωμοτίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐνωμοτίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐνωμοτιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐνωμοτίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐνωμοτίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐνωμοτίαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐνωμοτίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐνωμοτίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐνωμοτίᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐνωμοτίᾱ (singular vocative)
ἐνωμοτίᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐνωμοτίαι (plural vocative)

From ἐνώμοτος (enṓmotos, “bound by oath”) + -ίᾱ (-íā), from ἐν (en, “in”) + ὄμνυμι (ómnumi, “I swear”).


ἐνωμοτάρχης

grc-noun

ἐνωμοτάρχης • (enōmotárkhēs) m (genitive ἐνωμοτάρχου); first declension

enōmotárkhēs (romanization)
ἐνωμοτάρχου (genitive)
ὁ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχης (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐνωμοτᾰρχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχαις (dative plural)
τὸν ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐνωμοτᾰ́ρχης

From ἐνώμοτος (enṓmotos, “bound by oath”) + -άρχης (-árkhēs, “ruler”, “leader”) ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “sovereignty”).

af

ἐνωμοτία ἐνωμοτία


φηγός

grc-noun

φηγός • (phēgós) f (genitive φηγοῦ); second declension

phēgós (romanization)
φηγοῦ (genitive)
ἡ φηγός (nominative singular)
τὼ φηγώ (dual nominative)
αἱ φηγοί (nominative plural)
τῆς φηγοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φηγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φηγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φηγῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φηγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς φηγοῖς (dative plural)
τὴν φηγόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φηγώ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φηγούς (accusative plural)
φηγέ (singular vocative)
φηγώ (dual vocative)
φηγοί (plural vocative)

→ Old Armenian: փեկոն (pʻekon)

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰāgós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos. Cognates include Latin fāgus, Old English bēċe (whence English beech), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰 (bōka, “beech”).


πίνακας

head

πῐ́νᾰκᾰς • (pínakas) m

πῐ́νᾰκᾰς (canonical)
pínakas (romanization)


ἄττα

From Proto-Hellenic *átta, from Proto-Indo-European *átta. Cognates include Hittite 𒀜𒋫𒀸 (attas), Latin atta, Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 (atta) and Old Church Slavonic отьць (otĭcĭ).

προσφώνησις νεωτέρου πρὸς πρεσβύτερον. ἄττα γέρον (Suda)

father; a mode of address by a younger to an elder


στήλη

grc-noun

στήλη • (stḗlē) f (genitive στήλης); first declension

stḗlē (romanization)
στήλης (genitive)
ἡ στήλη (nominative singular)
τὼ στήλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ στῆλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς στήλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν στήλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στήλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν στήλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στήλαις (dative plural)
τὴν στήλην (accusative singular)
τὼ στήλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στήλᾱς (accusative plural)
στήλη (singular vocative)
στήλᾱ (dual vocative)
στῆλαι (plural vocative)

→ English: stele (learned)

→ Greek: στήλη (stíli) (learned)

desctree

→ Latin: stēla
→ English: stela
→ Galician: estela (learned)
→ Polish: stela
→ Portuguese: estela (learned)

Uncertain. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥-n-eh₂, from *stel- (“to put, place”) (related to στέλλω (stéllō, “I set, arrange”)), with similarities to Old High German stollo. Alternatively derived from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-sleh₂, from *steh₂- (“to stand”) (related to ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I stand”)); this latter derivation is favored by Beekes. Also compare στῦλος (stûlos, “pillar”) and στάλιξ (stálix, “stake”).

block of stone used as a prop or buttress to a wall

block or slab used as a memorial, monument

monument inscribed with record of victories, dedications or votes of thanks

post placed on mortgage ground, as a record of the fact

block of rock crystal, in which Ethiopian mummies were allegedly cased


τέφρα

grc-noun

τέφρᾱ • (téphrā) f (genitive τέφρᾱς); first declension

τέφρᾱ (canonical)
téphrā (romanization)
τέφρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ τέφρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ τέφρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τέφραι (nominative plural)
τῆς τέφρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν τέφραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τεφρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τέφρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τέφραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τέφραις (dative plural)
τὴν τέφρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ τέφρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τέφρᾱς (accusative plural)
τέφρᾱ (singular vocative)
τέφρᾱ (dual vocative)
τέφραι (plural vocative)

→ English: tephra

Greek: τέφρα (téfra)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”). The unaspirated first consonant is due to Grassmann's law.
Cognates include Latin foveō, Albanian djeg, Old Church Slavonic жещи (žešti), Lithuanian degti, Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬲𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (dažaⁱti), and Sanskrit दहति (dahati).


δίψα

grc-noun

δῐ́ψᾰ • (dípsa) f (genitive δῐ́ψης); first declension

δῐ́ψᾰ (canonical)
dípsa (romanization)
δῐ́ψης (genitive)
ἡ δῐ́ψᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐ́ψᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δῐ́ψαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δῐ́ψης (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐ́ψαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐψῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δῐ́ψῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐ́ψαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δῐ́ψαις (dative plural)
τὴν δῐ́ψᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐ́ψᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δῐ́ψᾱς (accusative plural)
δῐ́ψᾰ (singular vocative)
δῐ́ψᾱ (dual vocative)
δῐ́ψαι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, probably from Pre-Greek, based on an analysis δίπ-σα (díp-sa) lacking clear semantic and morphological correspondences in other Indo-European branches, as well as the existence of variants with φ and β.


νόημα

νόημᾰ • (nóēma) n (genitive νοήμᾰτος); third declension

νόημᾰ (canonical)
nóēma (romanization)
νοήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ νόημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ νοήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νοήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νοήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν νοημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νοημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ νοήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν νοημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νοήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
νοήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs noḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs noḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ νόημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ νοήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νοήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
νόημᾰ (singular vocative)
νοήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
νοήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From νοέω (noéō, “to intend, to perceive, to see, to understand”) + -μᾰ (-ma).

af

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.36

«τῶν νέες ὠκεῖαι ὡς εἰ πτερὸν ἠὲ νόημᾰ»

‘tō̂n nées ōkeîai hōs ei pteròn ēè nóēmă.’

‘and the ships of those [men] as swift as [a bird’s] wing or a thought’.

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.330

«τὸν δ’ ἠείβετ’ ἔπειτᾰ θεᾱ̀ γλαυκῶπῐς Ἀ̆θήνη: ‹αἰεί τοι τοιοῦτον ἐνῐ στήθεσσῐ νόημᾰ:»

‘tòn d’ ēeíbet épeită t͡heā̀ glaukō̂pĭs Ăt͡hḗnē: “aieí toi toioûton enĭ stēt͡hessĭ nóēmă:’

‘and-but thereupon the bright-eyed Athena answered him: “ever is a thought such as this in the breasts:’

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.346

«ὣς φᾰτο Τηλέμᾰχος : μνησῆσῐ δὲ Πᾰλλᾰς Ἀ̆θήνη ἄ̆σβεστον γέλω ὦρσε, πᾰρέπλᾰγξεν δὲ νόημᾰ.»

‘hṓs p͡hăto Tēlémăc͡hos: mnēsē̂sĭ dè Păllăs Ăt͡hḗnē ắsbeston gélō ō̂rse păréplăɡxen dè nóēmă.’

‘And-but Telemachos was saying [in his own interest]: “And-but amongst the wooers, Pallas Athena excited unquenchable laughter and turning the thought from the sane path.’


ἄκμων

grc-noun

ἄκμων • (ákmōn) m (genitive ἄκμονος); third declension

ákmōn (romanization)
ἄκμονος (genitive)
ὁ ἄκμων (nominative singular)
τὼ ἄκμονε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄκμονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἄκμονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκμόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκμόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἄκμονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκμόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἄκμοσῐ (dative plural)
ἄκμοσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ákmosi (dative plural)
toîs ákmosin (dative plural)
τὸν ἄκμονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἄκμονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἄκμονᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄκμον (singular vocative)
ἄκμονε (dual vocative)
ἄκμονες (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ αμόνι (amóni)

Greek: άκμων (ákmon), άκμονας (ákmonas), ⇒ αμόνι (amóni) (from the diminutive)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō. Cognates include Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman), Avestan 𐬀𐬐𐬨𐬀𐬥 (akman), Lithuanian akmuo, and English hammer.


ἄκμων

Perhaps from Egyptian ꜥẖm (“cultic image of a falcon”). Compare also Coptic ⲁⲭⲙⲩ (akhmu, “kind of bird”) and Arabic رَخْمَة (raḵma, “Egyptian vulture”).


κῦδος

grc-noun

κῦδος • (kûdos) n (genitive κῡ́δεος); third declension

kûdos (romanization)
κῡ́δεος (genitive)
κῦδος (nominative singular)
κῡ́δεος (genitive singular)
κῡ́δευς (genitive singular)
κῡ́δει (dative singular)
κῡ́δεῐ̈ (dative singular)
κῦδος (accusative singular)
κῦδος (singular vocative)

→ English: kudos

Assumed to be from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁- (“to perceive, pay attention”) and therefore related to κοέω (koéō), Latin caveō, Sanskrit कवि (kaví, “wise, poet, seer, sage”), Persian کی (kay, “poet-king”), Lithuanian kavoti (“safeguard, tend”), Old Armenian ցուցանեմ (cʻucʻanem, “I show”), Polish cześć (“glory”) and cud (“miracle”), Old East Slavic кудесникъ (kudesnikŭ, “wizard, mage”).
However, Beekes rejects this and leads Proto-Slavic *čudo (“miracle”) and κῦδος back to a Proto-Indo-European root *kewd-s- (“miraculous power”).


δειράς

grc-noun

δειρᾰ́ς • (deirás) f (genitive δειρᾰ́δος); third declension

δειρᾰ́ς (canonical)
deirás (romanization)
δειρᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ δειρᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ δειρᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ δειρᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς δειρᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δειρᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δειρᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ δειρᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δειρᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δειρᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
δειρᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs deirási (dative plural)
taîs deirásin (dative plural)
τὴν δειρᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δειρᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δειρᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
δειρᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
δειρᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
δειρᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

Liddell and Scott propose Sanskrit दृषद् (dṛṣad) as a cognate. However, Pokorny argues for an origin from Proto-Indo-European *gʷer-, citing Sanskrit गिरि (giri) as a cognate. Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin.


μαθητής

μᾰθητής • (mathētḗs) m (genitive μᾰθητοῦ); first declension

μᾰθητής (canonical)
mathētḗs (romanization)
μᾰθητοῦ (genitive)
ὁ μᾰθητής (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰθητᾱ́ (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰθηταί (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰθητοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰθηταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰθητῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰθητῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰθηταῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰθηταῖς (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰθητήν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰθητᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰθητᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
μᾰθητᾰ́ (singular vocative)
μᾰθητᾱ́ (dual vocative)
μᾰθηταί (plural vocative)

Coptic: ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ (mathētēs)

Greek: μαθητής (mathitís)

From μᾰθη- (mathē-), a combining form of μᾰνθᾰ́νω (manthánō, “to learn”), + -τής (-tḗs, masculine agent-noun suffix).

affix

423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 140

428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 315a

learner, pupil
pupil of a philosopher or rhetorician

ὡς […] Ἀνάχαρσις […] τῆς Ἑλλάδος μαθητὴς γένοιτο
hōs […] Anákharsis […] tês Helládos mathētḕs génoito

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.77.1

that Anacharsis became a student of Greece

200 BCE – 100 BCE, Moschus, Collected Works 3.95


στρατιώτης

grc-noun

στρᾰτῐώτης • (stratiṓtēs) m (genitive στρᾰτῐώτου); first declension

στρᾰτῐώτης (canonical)
stratiṓtēs (romanization)
στρᾰτῐώτου (genitive)
ὁ στρᾰτῐώτης (nominative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ στρᾰτῐῶται (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρᾰτῐώτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτῐώταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρᾰτῐωτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ στρᾰτῐώτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτῐώταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρᾰτῐώταις (dative plural)
τὸν στρᾰτῐώτην (accusative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρᾰτῐώτᾱς (accusative plural)
στρᾰτῐῶτᾰ (singular vocative)
στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (dual vocative)
στρᾰτῐῶται (plural vocative)
ὁ στρᾰτῐώτης (nominative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ στρᾰτῐῶται (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρᾰτῐώτεω (genitive singular)
στρᾰτῐώτω (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτῐώταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρᾰτῐωτέων (genitive plural)
στρᾰτῐωτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ στρᾰτῐώτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρᾰτῐώταιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν στρᾰτῐώτῃσῐ (dative plural)
στρᾰτῐώτῃσῐν (dative plural)
toîsi stratiṓtēisi (dative plural)
toîsi stratiṓtēisin (dative plural)
toîsini (dative plural)
toîsinin (dative plural)
τὸν στρᾰτῐώτην (accusative singular)
τὼ στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρᾰτῐώτᾱς (accusative plural)
στρᾰτῐῶτᾰ (singular vocative)
στρᾰτῐώτᾱ (dual vocative)
στρᾰτῐῶται (plural vocative)

Greek: στρατιώτης (stratiótis)

→ Aramaic:

Hebrew: אסטרטיוטא (ʾesṭraṭyōṭā)

Syriac: ܐܣܛܪܛܝܘܛܐ (ʾesṭraṭyōṭā)

→ English: stratiote

→ Hebrew: סַרְדְּיוֹט (sardyót)

→ Parthian:

Manichaean: ʿstrtywt (istratiyōt)

Translingual: Stratiotes

From an unattested *στρατιάομαι (*stratiáomai) + -της (-tēs). Another analysis (ultimately from the same root) takes the word as a derivative in -ιώτης (-iṓtēs) of στρατός (stratós, “troop, department of the people”).

af

-ιώτης (-iṓtēs)


πομπός

grc-noun

πομπός • (pompós) m (genitive πομποῦ); second declension

pompós (romanization)
πομποῦ (genitive)
ὁ πομπός (nominative singular)
τὼ πομπώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πομποί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πομποῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πομποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πομπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πομπῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πομποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πομποῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πομπόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πομπώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πομπούς (accusative plural)
πομπέ (singular vocative)
πομπώ (dual vocative)
πομποί (plural vocative)

Formed from πέμπω (pémpō, “to send, conduct”) + -ός (-ós).


μέρισμα

grc-noun

μερῐ́σμᾰ • (merísma) n (genitive μερῐ́σμᾰτος); third declension

μερῐ́σμᾰ (canonical)
merísma (romanization)
μερῐ́σμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ μερῐ́σμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ μερῐ́σμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μερῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μερῐ́σμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μερῐσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μερῐσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ μερῐ́σμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μερῐσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μερῐ́σμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
μερῐ́σμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs merísmasi (dative plural)
toîs merísmasin (dative plural)
τὸ μερῐ́σμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μερῐ́σμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μερῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
μερῐ́σμᾰ (singular vocative)
μερῐ́σμᾰτε (dual vocative)
μερῐ́σμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

μερῐ́ζω (merízō, “divide”) + -μᾰ (-ma, noun suffix)


πρόοδος

grc-noun

πρόοδος • (próodos) f (genitive προόδου); second declension

próodos (romanization)
προόδου (genitive)
ἡ πρόοδος (nominative singular)
τὼ προόδω (dual nominative)
αἱ πρόοδοι (nominative plural)
τῆς προόδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προόδων (genitive plural)
τῇ προόδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προόδοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς προόδοις (dative plural)
τὴν πρόοδον (accusative singular)
τὼ προόδω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προόδους (accusative plural)
πρόοδε (singular vocative)
προόδω (dual vocative)
πρόοδοι (plural vocative)
πρόοδος (nominative singular)
προόδω (dual nominative)
πρόοδοι (nominative plural)
προόδου (genitive singular)
προοδοῖο (genitive singular)
προόδοιο (genitive singular)
προοδόο (genitive singular)
προόδοο (genitive singular)
προόδοιῐν (dual genitive)
προόδων (genitive plural)
προόδῳ (dative singular)
προόδοιῐν (dative dual)
προόδοισῐ (dative plural)
προόδοισῐν (dative plural)
προόδοις (dative plural)
proódoisi (dative plural)
proódoisin (dative plural)
proódois (dative plural)
πρόοδον (accusative singular)
προόδω (accusative dual)
προόδους (accusative plural)
πρόοδε (singular vocative)
προόδω (dual vocative)
πρόοδοι (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: πρόοδος (próodos, “progress, moving forward”)

490 BCE – 430 BCE, Empedocles, Collected Works 84.1

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.4.15

204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 5.2.1

ἐκ δυνάμεως εἰς ἐνέργειαν

204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 6.3.22

125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Descent Into Hades 12

125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Dream 9

coming out of a house; appearance in public

93 CE – 94 CE, Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews 18.4.6

170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus 2.4.1

204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 5.5.3, (plural)

iv A.D., Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum 900.13, (Panamara)

204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 8.5.6

ἡ ἀφ᾽ ἑνὸς πάντων π.

412 CE – 485 CE, Proclus, Commentary on Plato's "Cratylus" p.2.P.

Ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡ μονὴ πρὸ πάσης προόδου οὔπω δὲ τὰ διάφορα ἐπὶ τῆς ἀδιαφόρου φύσεως.

C.E. 515–529, Damascius Diadochus, edited by Charles-Émile Ruelle, Ἀπορίαι καὶ λύσεις περὶ τῶν πρώτων ἀρχῶν εἰς τὸν Πλάτωνος Παρμενίδην [Problems and Solutions Concerning First Principles in Plato’s Parmenides], volume I of II, Paris: C. Klincksieck, bibliopola, published 1889, ¶ 36, page 73, lines 16–17:

Aeì gàr hē monḕ prò pásēs proódou oúpō dè tà diáphora epì tês adiaphórou phúseōs.

Πάλιν δὲ ἀπ᾽ ἄλλης ἀρχῆς ἀρξάμενοι λέγομεν περὶ γνωστοῦ τε καὶ γνώσεως, καὶ ἔτι πρότερον περὶ μονῆς καὶ προόδου καὶ ἐπιστροφῆς· ἀπὸ γὰρ τούτων τῶν λόγων φανεῖται καὶ τίς ἡ χρεία τῆς γνώσεως καὶ τί τὸ γνωστόν· ἔτι δὲ ἀπὸ τούτων ἀπορήσομεν καὶ εἴ τίς ἐστι μονὴ καὶ πρόοδος καὶ ἐπιστροφὴ ἐν τῷ ἡνωμένῳ· καὶ πρό γε πάντων ζητητέον πῶς τὸ πρῶτον ἀφ᾽ ἑτέρου ἕτερον διεκρίθη· τὸ γὰρ δὴ πρῶτον διακρινόμενον ἢ διακεκριμένον (ἔστω γὰρ ἐπὶ τούτου ὁ λόγος), τὸ δ᾽ οὖν διακεκριμένον, ἀλλὰ πρὸ αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖνο ἀφ᾽ οὗ διακέκριται, ὅτι καὶ αὐτὸ διακεκριμένον.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Τί δέ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπιστροφή; τί δὲ ἄλλο φαίη τις ἂν ἢ τοῦ προελθόντος ἐπάνοδος εἰς τὸ γεννῆσαν; ἀντίθετος γὰρ τῇ προόδῳ καὶ οἷον ἐκείνης ἐπανόρθωσίς τίς ἐστι καὶ ἀνάλυσις.

Tí dé estin hē epistrophḗ? tí dè állo phaíē tis àn ḕ toû proelthóntos epánodos eis tò gennêsan? antíthetos gàr têi proódōi kaì hoîon ekeínēs epanórthōsís tís esti kaì análusis.

Εἰ δὲ καὶ τὸ ἰσήλικον διαιροῖμεν εἰς δύο ἀποφάσεις, ἡ ἑκκαιδεκὰς σύμβολον ἔσται τῆς εἰς ἔσχατον μερισμὸν προόδου γενομένης ἀπὸ τῆς δημιουργικῆς τετρακτύος.

〃, volume II of II (1889), ¶ 382, page 232, lines 16–18

Ei dè kaì tò isḗlikon diairoîmen eis dúo apopháseis, hē hekkaidekàs súmbolon éstai tês eis éskhaton merismòn proódou genoménēs apò tês dēmiourgikês tetraktúos.

234 CE – 305 CE, Porphyry, Sent. 24, (plural)

πρόοδοι κρύφιοι

412 CE – 485 CE, Proclus, Commentary on Plato's "Cratylus" p.107.P., (opposed to ἐγκόσμιοι)

lamb., VP 26.120, (plural)

204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 6.3.12

Glossaria


πολύσπαστον

grc-noun

πολύσπαστον • (polúspaston) n (genitive πολυσπάστου); second declension

polúspaston (romanization)
πολυσπάστου (genitive)
τὸ πολύσπᾰστον (nominative singular)
τὼ πολυσπᾰ́στω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πολύσπᾰστᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πολυσπᾰ́στου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πολυσπᾰ́στοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πολυσπᾰ́στων (genitive plural)
τῷ πολυσπᾰ́στῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πολυσπᾰ́στοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πολυσπᾰ́στοις (dative plural)
τὸ πολύσπᾰστον (accusative singular)
τὼ πολυσπᾰ́στω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πολύσπᾰστᾰ (accusative plural)
πολύσπᾰστον (singular vocative)
πολυσπᾰ́στω (dual vocative)
πολύσπᾰστᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πολύσπαστο (polýspasto)

Latin: polyspaston

Russian: полиспа́ст (polispást)

Neuter substantive form of πολύσπαστος (polúspastos, “drawn by many cords”), from πολύς (polús, “many”) + σπάω (spáō, “I draw”).


δρῦς

δρῦς • (drûs) f (genitive δρῠός); third declension

drûs (romanization)
δρῠός (genitive)
ἡ δρῦς (nominative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ δρῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς δρῠός (genitive singular)
τοῖν δρῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δρῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δρῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
τοῖν δρῠοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς δρῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
δρῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs drusí (dative plural)
taîs drusín (dative plural)
τὴν δρῦν (accusative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δρῦς (accusative plural)
δρῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
δρῦ (singular vocative)
δρῠ́ε (dual vocative)
δρῠ́ες (plural vocative)

From oblique case forms with *drew-, a stem of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) (whence also δόρυ (dóru)). Cognates include Albanian dru (“tree”), Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v /dāruv/) (whence Persian دار (dâr)), and Old English trēow (whence English tree).


δαήρ

δᾱήρ • (dāḗr) m (genitive δᾱέρος); third declension

δᾱήρ (canonical)
dāḗr (romanization)
δᾱέρος (genitive)
ὁ δᾱήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ δᾱέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ δᾱέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δᾱέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δᾱέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δᾱέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δᾱέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δᾱέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δᾱέρσῐ (dative plural)
δᾱέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs dāérsi (dative plural)
toîs dāérsin (dative plural)
τὸν δᾱέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δᾱέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δᾱέρᾰς (accusative plural)
δᾶερ (singular vocative)
δᾱέρε (dual vocative)
δᾱέρες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr. Cognates include Sanskrit देवृ (devṛ́), Lithuanian dieveris, Latin lēvir and Old Armenian տայգր (taygr).


θράσος

θρᾰ́σος • (thrásos) n (genitive θρᾰ́σεος or θρᾰ́σους); third declension

θρᾰ́σος (canonical)
thrásos (romanization)
θρᾰ́σεος (genitive)
θρᾰ́σους (genitive)
τὸ θρᾰ́σος (nominative singular)
τὼ θρᾰ́σει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ θρᾰ́ση (nominative plural)
τοῦ θρᾰ́σους (genitive singular)
τοῖν θρᾰσοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θρᾰσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θρᾰ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν θρᾰσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θρᾰ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
θρᾰ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs thrásesi (dative plural)
toîs thrásesin (dative plural)
τὸ θρᾰ́σος (accusative singular)
τὼ θρᾰ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ θρᾰ́ση (accusative plural)
θρᾰ́σος (singular vocative)
θρᾰ́σει (dual vocative)
θρᾰ́ση (plural vocative)

θράσος n (thrásos, “audacity”)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰers-. Cognates include Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti), Czech drzý and Lithuanian drąsus.


ὀφρύς

ὀφρῡ́ς • (ophrū́s) f (genitive ὀφρῠ́ος); third declension

ὀφρῡ́ς (canonical)
ophrū́s (romanization)
ὀφρῠ́ος (genitive)
ἡ ὀφρῡ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀφρῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀφρῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀφρῠ́ος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀφρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀφρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀφρῠ́ῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀφρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀφρῠ́σῐ (dative plural)
ὀφρῠ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ophrúsi (dative plural)
taîs ophrúsin (dative plural)
τὴν ὀφρῡ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀφρῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀφρῦς (accusative plural)
ὀφρῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
ὀφρῡ́ (singular vocative)
ὀφρῠ́ε (dual vocative)
ὀφρῠ́ες (plural vocative)

Koine Greek: ὀφρύδιον (ophrúdion) (from the diminutive)

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Byzantine Greek: φρύδιν (phrúdin), φρύδι (phrúdi)

Greek: φρύδι (frýdi)

Mariupol Greek: фридъ (frið)

desctree

Pontic Greek: οφρύδιν (ofrýdin), οφρύδ' (ofrýd'), 'φρύδιν ('frýdin), οφρύδι (ofrýdi), 'φρύδι ('frýdi), 'φρύδ' ('frýd')
→ Laz: ოჶიდი (ofidi), ოჶრინდი (ofrindi) — Vizha, ოჶრიდი (ofridi) — Artasheni

From Proto-Hellenic *opʰrū́s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃bʰrúHs (“eyebrow”). Cognates include Sanskrit भ्रू (bhrū́), Lithuanian bruvis, Tocharian B pärwāne, Old English brū (English brow).


πυθμήν

grc-noun

πῠθμήν or πῡθμήν • (puthmḗn or pūthmḗn) m (genitive πῠθμένος); third declension

πῠθμήν (canonical)
πῡθμήν (canonical)
puthmḗn (romanization)
pūthmḗn (romanization)
πῠθμένος (genitive)
ὁ πῠθμήν (nominative singular)
τὼ πῠθμένε (dual nominative)
οἱ πῠθμένες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῠθμένος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῠθμένοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῠθμένων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῠθμένῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῠθμένοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῠθμέσῐ (dative plural)
πῠθμέσῐν (dative plural)
toîs puthmési (dative plural)
toîs puthmésin (dative plural)
τὸν πῠθμένᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πῠθμένε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πῠθμένᾰς (accusative plural)
πῠθμήν (singular vocative)
πῠθμένε (dual vocative)
πῠθμένες (plural vocative)

Greek: πυθμένας (pythménas)

From Proto-Hellenic *putʰmḗn, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn.
Cognate with πύνδαξ (púndax), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhná), Latin fundus, Old Armenian անդունդ (andund), Old English botm (English bottom).


βακτηρία

βακτηρῐ́ᾱ • (baktēríā) f (genitive βακτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
baktēríā (romanization)
βακτηρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βακτηρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς βακτηρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν βακτηρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βακτηρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βακτηρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βακτηρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βακτηρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν βακτηρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βακτηρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
βακτηρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
βακτηρῐ́αι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *bak-. Cognates include Latin baculum and Old Irish bacc.

Ὃς φείδεται τῆς βακτηρίας μισεῖ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, ὁ δὲ ἀγαπῶν ἐπιμελῶς παιδεύει.

He that spares the rod hates his son: but he that loves, carefully chastens him.

Hòs pheídetai tês baktērías miseî tòn huiòn autoû, ho dè agapôn epimelôs paideúei.


ᾠόν

ᾠόν • (ōión) n (genitive ᾠοῦ); second declension

ōión (romanization)
ᾠοῦ (genitive)
τὸ ᾠόν (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾠώ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾠᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾠοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾠῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾠῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾠοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾠοῖς (dative plural)
τὸ ᾠόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾠώ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾠᾰ́ (accusative plural)
ᾠόν (singular vocative)
ᾠώ (dual vocative)
ᾠᾰ́ (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: αβγό n (avgó, “egg”) (from rebracketing with the article)

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⇒ Pontic Greek: ωβό n (ovó), ωβόν (ovón), ωβγόν (ovgón), ωβγό (ovgó), εβγό (evgó), 'βό ('vó)

From Proto-Hellenic *ōyyón, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), argued to have been a derivative of *h₂éwis (“bird”), whence also ᾱ̓ετός (āetós, “eagle”) and οἰωνός (oiōnós, “bird of prey”). Cognates include Latin ōvum, Persian خایه (xâye) and Old English ǣġ (English egg).


λεκάνη

grc-noun

λεκᾰ́νη • (lekánē) f (genitive λεκᾰ́νης); first declension

λεκᾰ́νη (canonical)
lekánē (romanization)
λεκᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ λεκᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ λεκᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λεκᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς λεκᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεκᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεκᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λεκᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεκᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λεκᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν λεκᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ λεκᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λεκᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
λεκᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
λεκᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
λεκᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

→ Aramaic: לקנא

Greek: λεκάνη (lekáni)

From λέκος (lékos, “dish, pot, pan”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ánē, suffix for utensil names), alleged to be from Pre-Greek, however see λᾰ́γῡνος/λᾰ́γῠνος (lágūnos/lágunos, “flask”).


συνώνυμον

grc-noun

σῠνώνῠμον • (sunṓnumon) n (genitive σῠνωνῠ́μου); second declension

σῠνώνῠμον (canonical)
sunṓnumon (romanization)
σῠνωνῠ́μου (genitive)
τὸ σῠνώνῠμον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠνωνῠ́μω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠνώνῠμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠνωνῠ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠνωνῠ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠνωνῠ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠνωνῠ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠνωνῠ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠνωνῠ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸ σῠνώνῠμον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠνωνῠ́μω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠνώνῠμᾰ (accusative plural)
σῠνώνῠμον (singular vocative)
σῠνωνῠ́μω (dual vocative)
σῠνώνῠμᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: synonymum (learned) (see there for further descendants)


ἔκδυσις

ἔκδῠσῐς • (ékdusis) f (genitive ἐκδῠ́σεως); third declension

ἔκδῠσῐς (canonical)
ékdusis (romanization)
ἐκδῠ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ἔκδῠσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐκδῠ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐκδῠ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐκδῠ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐκδῠσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐκδῠ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐκδῠ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐκδῠσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐκδῠ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐκδῠ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ekdúsesi (dative plural)
taîs ekdúsesin (dative plural)
τὴν ἔκδῠσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐκδῠ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐκδῠ́σεις (accusative plural)
ἔκδῠσῐ (singular vocative)
ἐκδῠ́σει (dual vocative)
ἐκδῠ́σεις (plural vocative)

From ἐκδύω (ekdúō, “I take off”) + -σῐς (-sis).


φάσηλος

grc-noun

φᾰ́σηλος • (phásēlos) m (genitive φᾰσήλου); second declension

φᾰ́σηλος (canonical)
phásēlos (romanization)
φᾰσήλου (genitive)
ὁ φᾰ́σηλος (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰσήλω (dual nominative)
οἱ φᾰ́σηλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰσήλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰσήλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰσήλων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰσήλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰσήλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰσήλοις (dative plural)
τὸν φᾰ́σηλον (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰσήλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φᾰσήλους (accusative plural)
φᾰ́σηλε (singular vocative)
φᾰσήλω (dual vocative)
φᾰ́σηλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: φασόλι (fasóli)

>? Latin: phasēlus

Uncertain, though apparently from some European substrate. Identical to Latin phasēlus, of which the Greek is likely the etymon, though traditionally the opposite direction has also been proposed. Albanian bathë (“thick bean”), reflecting a root *bʰaḱ-, whence also φακός (phakós), has led to claims of an Illyrian source.


κύδος

κύδος • (kúdos) m (genitive κύδου); second declension

kúdos (romanization)
κύδου (genitive)
ὁ κῠ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠ́δοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠ́δον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠ́δους (accusative plural)
κῠ́δε (singular vocative)
κῠ́δω (dual vocative)
κῠ́δοι (plural vocative)

κύδος γὰρ ἀρσενικῶς ἡ λοιδορία παρὰ Συρακοσίοις Scholia In Apollonium Rhodi


εἴρων

εἴρων • (eírōn) m (genitive εἴρωνος); third declension

eírōn (romanization)
εἴρωνος (genitive)
ὁ εἴρων (nominative singular)
τὼ εἴρωνε (dual nominative)
οἱ εἴρωνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ εἴρωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν εἰρώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εἰρώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ εἴρωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν εἰρώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς εἴρωσῐ (dative plural)
εἴρωσῐν (dative plural)
toîs eírōsi (dative plural)
toîs eírōsin (dative plural)
τὸν εἴρωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ εἴρωνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς εἴρωνᾰς (accusative plural)
εἴρων (singular vocative)
εἴρωνε (dual vocative)
εἴρωνες (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Perhaps related to εἴρω (eírō, “I speak”) or ἔρομαι (éromai, “I ask”).

One who says less than they think, dissembler, pretender

ἀλαζών

charlatan, one who presents himself as more than he is


εἰρωνεία

εἰρωνείᾱ • (eirōneíā) f (genitive εἰρωνείᾱς); first declension

εἰρωνείᾱ (canonical)
eirōneíā (romanization)
εἰρωνείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ εἰρωνείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ εἰρωνείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ εἰρωνεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς εἰρωνείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν εἰρωνείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εἰρωνειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ εἰρωνείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν εἰρωνείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς εἰρωνείαις (dative plural)
τὴν εἰρωνείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ εἰρωνείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς εἰρωνείᾱς (accusative plural)
εἰρωνείᾱ (singular vocative)
εἰρωνείᾱ (dual vocative)
εἰρωνεῖαι (plural vocative)

Latin: īrōnīa

From εἰρωνεύομαι (eirōneúomai, “to feign ignorance”, from εἴρων) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

af

hypocrisy, deception, especially a feigned ignorance


ἱερόδουλος

grc-noun

ῑ̔ερόδουλος • (hīeródoulos) m or f (genitive ῑ̔εροδούλου); second declension

ῑ̔ερόδουλος (canonical)
hīeródoulos (romanization)
ῑ̔εροδούλου (genitive)
ὁ ῑ̔ερόδουλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̔εροδούλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῑ̔ερόδουλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῑ̔εροδούλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̔εροδούλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̔εροδούλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῑ̔εροδούλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̔εροδούλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῑ̔εροδούλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ῑ̔ερόδουλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̔εροδούλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῑ̔εροδούλους (accusative plural)
ῑ̔ερόδουλε (singular vocative)
ῑ̔εροδούλω (dual vocative)
ῑ̔ερόδουλοι (plural vocative)

From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”) + δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”).

compound

hierodule, a temple slave, often one performing religious prostitution


ῥαβδομαντεία

grc-noun

ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ

ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱς

ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ • (rhabdomanteíā) f (genitive ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱς); first declension

ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (canonical)
rhabdomanteíā (romanization)
ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰβδομᾰντεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰβδομᾰντείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰβδομᾰντειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰβδομᾰντείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰβδομᾰντείαις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (singular vocative)
ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ (dual vocative)
ῥᾰβδομᾰντεῖαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῥᾰβδομᾰντείᾱ

From ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod”) + μαντεία (manteía, “divination”).

af

divination by means of a rod; rhabdomancy


κεφάλαιον

grc-noun

κεφᾰ́λαιον • (kephálaion) n (genitive κεφᾰλαίου); second declension

κεφᾰ́λαιον (canonical)
kephálaion (romanization)
κεφᾰλαίου (genitive)
τὸ κεφᾰ́λαιον (nominative singular)
τὼ κεφᾰλαίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κεφᾰ́λαιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κεφᾰλαίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεφᾰλαίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεφᾰλαίων (genitive plural)
τῷ κεφᾰλαίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεφᾰλαίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κεφᾰλαίοις (dative plural)
τὸ κεφᾰ́λαιον (accusative singular)
τὼ κεφᾰλαίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κεφᾰ́λαιᾰ (accusative plural)
κεφᾰ́λαιον (singular vocative)
κεφᾰλαίω (dual vocative)
κεφᾰ́λαιᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲕⲉⲫⲁⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ (kephalaion)

desctree

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܦܠܐܘܢ (qeppalleʾōn), ܩܐܦܐܠܐܘܢ (qʾpʾlʾwn), ܩܗܦܐܠܐܘܢ (qhpʾlʾwn), ܩܦܐܠܐܘܢ (qpʾlʾwn), ܩܐܦܠܘܢ (qʾplwn), קפלאון (qeppalleʾōn)
→ Arabic: قَفْلَة (qafla)

Neuter substantive form of κεφᾰ́λαιος (kephálaios, “primary”), from κεφᾰλή (kephalḗ, “head”).


μαντεία

grc-noun

μᾰντείᾱ • (manteíā) f (genitive μᾰντείᾱς); first declension

μᾰντείᾱ (canonical)
manteíā (romanization)
μᾰντείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ μᾰντείᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰντείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μᾰντεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μᾰντείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰντείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰντειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μᾰντείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰντείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μᾰντείαις (dative plural)
τὴν μᾰντείᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰντείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μᾰντείᾱς (accusative plural)
μᾰντείᾱ (singular vocative)
μᾰντείᾱ (dual vocative)
μᾰντεῖαι (plural vocative)

→ Greek: μαντεία (manteía) (learned)

→ Latin: -mantīa

→ Old French: -mancie

French: -mancie

→ Middle English: -mancie, -mauncie

English: -mancy

Italian: -manzia

→ Finnish: -mantia

Sicilian: -manzìa

From μᾰντεύομαι (manteúomai, “I divine, prophesy”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).


ῥάβδος

grc-noun

ῥᾰ́βδος • (rhábdos) f (genitive ῥᾰ́βδου); second declension

ῥᾰ́βδος (canonical)
rhábdos (romanization)
ῥᾰ́βδου (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰ́βδος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́βδω (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰ́βδοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾰ́βδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰ́βδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰ́βδων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾰ́βδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰ́βδοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰ́βδοις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰ́βδον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́βδω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́βδους (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́βδε (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́βδω (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́βδοι (plural vocative)

English: rhabdo-

Greek: ράβδος (rávdos)

Of unclear origin. Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *urb-, with cognates such as Lithuanian virbas, Old Church Slavonic врьба (vrĭba) (Russian верба (verba)) and Latin verbēnae. Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin.


μάντις

μᾰ́ντῐς • (mántis) m (genitive μᾰ́ντεως); third declension

μᾰ́ντῐς (canonical)
mántis (romanization)
μᾰ́ντεως (genitive)
ὁ μᾰ́ντῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ντει (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰ́ντεις (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰ́ντεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰντέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰ́ντεων (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰ́ντει (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰντέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰ́ντεσῐ (dative plural)
μᾰ́ντεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs mántesi (dative plural)
toîs mántesin (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰ́ντῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ντει (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰ́ντεις (accusative plural)
μᾰ́ντῐ (singular vocative)
μᾰ́ντει (dual vocative)
μᾰ́ντεις (plural vocative)

→ New Latin: mantis

→ Translingual: Mantis

→ English: mantis

→ French: mante

→ Italian: mantide

→ Spanish: mantis

→ Portuguese: mantídeo

→ Welsh: mantis

→ Greek: μάντης (mántis)

From the root of μαίνομαι (maínomai, “I am mad, raving”), per J.B. Hoffman perhaps reflecting earlier *μάτις (*mátis) with analogical restoration of the nasal (similar to that seen in χανδάνω (khandánō) < *χαδάνω (*khadánō)), from Proto-Hellenic *mə́tis, from Proto-Indo-European *mń̥tis (“(the act of) thinking, thought; mind”), from *men- (“to think, perceive”) + *-tis (deverbal noun-forming suffix) (whence -τις (-tis), -σις (-sis)), but Beekes is hesitant.


ἐρείπια

head

ἐρείπῐᾰ • (ereípia)

ἐρείπῐᾰ (canonical)
ereípia (romanization)

neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ἐρείπῐον (ereípion)


ἐρείπιον

grc-noun

ἐρείπῐον • (ereípion) n (genitive ἐρειπῐ́ου); second declension

ἐρείπῐον (canonical)
ereípion (romanization)
ἐρειπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἐρείπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρειπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐρείπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρειπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρειπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρειπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρειπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρειπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρειπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐρείπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρειπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐρείπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐρείπῐον (singular vocative)
ἐρειπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἐρείπῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἐρείπω (ereípō, “I throw down”) + -ῐον (-ion).