"ὕπαρ" meaning in Ancient Greek

See ὕπαρ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /hý.par/, /ˈy.par/, /ˈi.par/, /hý.par/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈ(h)y.par/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈy.par/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈy.par/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈi.par/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan) Forms: ὕπᾰρ [canonical], húpar [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥, generalized from the zero-grade of an r/n-stem of *swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥, whence also ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”). Originally "sleep, dream"; the opposition to ὄναρ (ónar, “deceiving dream”), led to the meaning "true dream", whence "reality". The r-stem appears also in Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”) and in Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”). Etymology templates: {{inh|grc|ine-pro||*súpr̥}} Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥, {{suffix|ine-pro|*swep-|*-r̥|nocat=1|t1=to sleep}} *swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥, {{cog|hit|𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝|gloss=sleepy(?)|tr=su-up-pár-wa-an-za|ts=supparwanz(a)}} Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”), {{cog|la|sopor||deep sleep, catalepsy}} Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”) Head templates: {{grc-noun|-|n|third|head=ὕπᾰρ}} ὕπᾰρ • (húpar) n (genitive —); third declension
  1. reality, real appearance seen in a state of waking
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*súpr̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*swep-",
        "3": "*-r̥",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to sleep"
      },
      "expansion": "*swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝",
        "gloss": "sleepy(?)",
        "tr": "su-up-pár-wa-an-za",
        "ts": "supparwanz(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sopor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "deep sleep, catalepsy"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥, generalized from the zero-grade of an r/n-stem of *swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥, whence also ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”). Originally \"sleep, dream\"; the opposition to ὄναρ (ónar, “deceiving dream”), led to the meaning \"true dream\", whence \"reality\". The r-stem appears also in Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”) and in Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ὕπᾰρ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "húpar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "ὕπᾰρ"
      },
      "expansion": "ὕπᾰρ • (húpar) n (genitive —); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ὄναρ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reality, real appearance seen in a state of waking"
      ],
      "id": "en-ὕπαρ-grc-noun-nT5Ha3TQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "reality",
          "reality"
        ],
        [
          "appearance",
          "appearance"
        ],
        [
          "waking",
          "waking"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hý.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈi.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hý.par/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈ(h)y.par/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈi.par/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ὕπαρ"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*súpr̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*swep-",
        "3": "*-r̥",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to sleep"
      },
      "expansion": "*swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝",
        "gloss": "sleepy(?)",
        "tr": "su-up-pár-wa-an-za",
        "ts": "supparwanz(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sopor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "deep sleep, catalepsy"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *súpr̥, generalized from the zero-grade of an r/n-stem of *swep- (“to sleep”) + *-r̥, whence also ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”). Originally \"sleep, dream\"; the opposition to ὄναρ (ónar, “deceiving dream”), led to the meaning \"true dream\", whence \"reality\". The r-stem appears also in Hittite 𒋗𒌒𒈦𒉿𒀭𒍝 (su-up-pár-wa-an-za /⁠supparwanz(a)⁠/, “sleepy(?)”) and in Latin sopor (“deep sleep, catalepsy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ὕπᾰρ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "húpar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "ὕπᾰρ"
      },
      "expansion": "ὕπᾰρ • (húpar) n (genitive —); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ὄναρ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
        "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reality, real appearance seen in a state of waking"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reality",
          "reality"
        ],
        [
          "appearance",
          "appearance"
        ],
        [
          "waking",
          "waking"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hý.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈi.par/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hý.par/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈ(h)y.par/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈy.par/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈi.par/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ὕπαρ"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.