See ὄρθρος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ortus",
"t": "star's rise"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ro-, from *h₃erdʰ- (“to rise”). Cognate with ὀρθός (orthós), Latin ortus (“star's rise”), oriens (“sunrise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "órthros",
"tags": [
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{
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"tags": [
"genitive"
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"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
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{
"form": "ὁ ὄρθρος",
"roman": "ho órthros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ὄρθρω",
"roman": "tṑ órthrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
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"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ὄρθροι",
"roman": "hoi órthroi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ὄρθρου",
"roman": "toû órthrou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ὄρθροιν",
"roman": "toîn órthroin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ὄρθρων",
"roman": "tôn órthrōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ὄρθρῳ",
"roman": "tôi órthrōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ὄρθροιν",
"roman": "toîn órthroin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ὄρθροις",
"roman": "toîs órthrois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ὄρθρον",
"roman": "tòn órthron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ὄρθρω",
"roman": "tṑ órthrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ὄρθρους",
"roman": "toùs órthrous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθρε",
"roman": "órthre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
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]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθρω",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "ὄρθροι",
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ὄρθρου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ὄρθρος • (órthros) m (genitive ὄρθρου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ὄρθρος",
"2": "ὄρθρου",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with collocations",
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"source": "w"
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"parents": [],
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{
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"name": "Times of day",
"orig": "grc:Times of day",
"parents": [
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"Timekeeping",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "dim morning twilight",
"roman": "órthros bathús",
"text": "ὄρθρος βαθύς",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Socrates: Why have you come at this time, Crito? Or isn't it still early?\nCrito: Yes, very much so.\nSocrates: About what time?\nCrito: Dim morning twilight.",
"ref": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Crito 43a",
"roman": "KR. órthros bathús.",
"text": "ΣΩ. τί τηνικάδε ἀφῖξαι, ὦ Κρίτων; ἢ οὐ πρῲ ἔτι ἐστίν;\nΚΡ. πάνυ μὲν οὖν.\nΣΩ. πηνίκα μάλιστα;\nΚΡ. ὄρθρος βαθύς.\nSŌ. tí tēnikáde aphîxai, ô Krítōn? ḕ ou prṑi éti estín?\nKR. pánu mèn oûn.\nSŌ. pēníka málista?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The time immediately before or around sunrise: dawn, early morning twilight"
],
"id": "en-ὄρθρος-grc-noun-BIehX~MI",
"links": [
[
"dawn",
"dawn"
],
[
"morning",
"morning"
],
[
"twilight",
"twilight"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ór.tʰros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ór.tʰros/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.tʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ὄρθρος"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃r̥dʰ-ro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ro-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ortus",
"t": "star's rise"
},
"expansion": "Latin ortus (“star's rise”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ro-, from *h₃erdʰ- (“to rise”). Cognate with ὀρθός (orthós), Latin ortus (“star's rise”), oriens (“sunrise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "órthros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθρου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
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"table-tags"
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},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ὄρθρος",
"roman": "ho órthros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ὄρθρω",
"roman": "tṑ órthrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ὄρθροι",
"roman": "hoi órthroi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ὄρθρου",
"roman": "toû órthrou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ὄρθροιν",
"roman": "toîn órthroin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ὄρθρων",
"roman": "tôn órthrōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ὄρθρῳ",
"roman": "tôi órthrōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ὄρθροιν",
"roman": "toîn órthroin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ὄρθροις",
"roman": "toîs órthrois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ὄρθρον",
"roman": "tòn órthron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ὄρθρω",
"roman": "tṑ órthrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ὄρθρους",
"roman": "toùs órthrous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθρε",
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"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθρω",
"roman": "órthrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ὄρθροι",
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"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ὄρθρου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ὄρθρος • (órthros) m (genitive ὄρθρου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ὄρθρος",
"2": "ὄρθρου",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with collocations",
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"grc:Times of day"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "dim morning twilight",
"roman": "órthros bathús",
"text": "ὄρθρος βαθύς",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Socrates: Why have you come at this time, Crito? Or isn't it still early?\nCrito: Yes, very much so.\nSocrates: About what time?\nCrito: Dim morning twilight.",
"ref": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Crito 43a",
"roman": "KR. órthros bathús.",
"text": "ΣΩ. τί τηνικάδε ἀφῖξαι, ὦ Κρίτων; ἢ οὐ πρῲ ἔτι ἐστίν;\nΚΡ. πάνυ μὲν οὖν.\nΣΩ. πηνίκα μάλιστα;\nΚΡ. ὄρθρος βαθύς.\nSŌ. tí tēnikáde aphîxai, ô Krítōn? ḕ ou prṑi éti estín?\nKR. pánu mèn oûn.\nSŌ. pēníka málista?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The time immediately before or around sunrise: dawn, early morning twilight"
],
"links": [
[
"dawn",
"dawn"
],
[
"morning",
"morning"
],
[
"twilight",
"twilight"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ór.tʰros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ór.tʰros/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.tʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈor.θros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ὄρθρος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ὄρθρος meaning in Ancient Greek (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.