See ἀφρός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "αφρός"
},
"expansion": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥bʰrós",
"4": "",
"5": "rain-cloud, rain, cloud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अभ्र",
"tr": "abhrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամպ",
"3": "ամբ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամբ (amb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "imber"
},
"expansion": "Latin imber",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally derived from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”), with cognates including Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá), Old Armenian ամբ (amb), Latin imber. However, Beekes and Frisk argue that the semantic mismatch does not justify this derivation. See also possibly related but also problematic ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ăphrós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ᾰ̓φρός",
"roman": "ho ăphrós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ᾰ̓φροί",
"roman": "hoi ăphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"roman": "toû ăphroû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῖν",
"roman": "ăphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρῶν",
"roman": "ăphrôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ᾰ̓φρῷ",
"roman": "tôi ăphrôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῖν",
"roman": "ăphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓φροῖς",
"roman": "toîs ăphroîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ᾰ̓φρόν",
"roman": "tòn ăphrón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ᾰ̓φρούς",
"roman": "toùs ăphroús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρέ",
"roman": "ăphré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροί",
"roman": "ăphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"2": "ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"3": "m",
"4": "second"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓φρός • (ăphrós) m (genitive ᾰ̓φροῦ); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Nature",
"orig": "grc:Nature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam, of the sea"
],
"id": "en-ἀφρός-grc-noun-V8v5PyZB",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Nature",
"orig": "grc:Nature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam, slaver, froth"
],
"id": "en-ἀφρός-grc-noun-qh-g5ygm",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of persons and animals) foam, slaver, froth"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of persons and animals"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈpʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἀφρός"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"grc:Nature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "αφρός"
},
"expansion": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥bʰrós",
"4": "",
"5": "rain-cloud, rain, cloud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अभ्र",
"tr": "abhrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամպ",
"3": "ամբ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամբ (amb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "imber"
},
"expansion": "Latin imber",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally derived from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”), with cognates including Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá), Old Armenian ամբ (amb), Latin imber. However, Beekes and Frisk argue that the semantic mismatch does not justify this derivation. See also possibly related but also problematic ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ăphrós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ᾰ̓φρός",
"roman": "ho ăphrós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ᾰ̓φροί",
"roman": "hoi ăphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"roman": "toû ăphroû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῖν",
"roman": "ăphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρῶν",
"roman": "ăphrôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ᾰ̓φρῷ",
"roman": "tôi ăphrôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροῖν",
"roman": "ăphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓φροῖς",
"roman": "toîs ăphroîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ᾰ̓φρόν",
"roman": "tòn ăphrón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ᾰ̓φρούς",
"roman": "toùs ăphroús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρέ",
"roman": "ăphré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φρώ",
"roman": "ăphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾰ̓φροί",
"roman": "ăphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"2": "ᾰ̓φροῦ",
"3": "m",
"4": "second"
},
"expansion": "ᾰ̓φρός • (ăphrós) m (genitive ᾰ̓φροῦ); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾰ̓φρός",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foam, of the sea"
],
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foam, slaver, froth"
],
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of persons and animals) foam, slaver, froth"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of persons and animals"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈpʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἀφρός"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἀφρός meaning in Ancient Greek (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.