See ἀφρός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ἀφρός meaning in Ancient Greek (6.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "αφρός"
},
"expansion": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥bʰrós",
"4": "",
"5": "rain-cloud, rain, cloud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अभ्र",
"tr": "abhrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամպ",
"3": "ամբ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամբ (amb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "imber"
},
"expansion": "Latin imber",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄμβρος",
"3": "",
"4": "rain-water; thunder-storm"
},
"expansion": "ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally derived from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”), with cognates including Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá), Old Armenian ամբ (amb), Latin imber. However, Beekes and Frisk argue that the semantic mismatch does not justify this derivation. See also possibly related but also problematic ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aphrós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφροῦ",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ἀφρός",
"roman": "ho aphrós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἀφρώ",
"roman": "tṑ aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ἀφροί",
"roman": "hoi aphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἀφροῦ",
"roman": "toû aphroû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἀφροῖν",
"roman": "toîn aphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ἀφρῶν",
"roman": "tôn aphrôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἀφρῷ",
"roman": "tôi aphrôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἀφροῖν",
"roman": "toîn aphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἀφροῖς",
"roman": "toîs aphroîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ἀφρόν",
"roman": "tòn aphrón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἀφρώ",
"roman": "tṑ aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ἀφρούς",
"roman": "toùs aphroús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφρέ",
"roman": "aphré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφρώ",
"roman": "aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφροί",
"roman": "aphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἀφροῦ",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἀφρός • (aphrós) m (genitive ἀφροῦ); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἀφρός",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Nature",
"orig": "grc:Nature",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam, of the sea"
],
"id": "en-ἀφρός-grc-noun-V8v5PyZB",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Nature",
"orig": "grc:Nature",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foam, slaver, froth"
],
"id": "en-ἀφρός-grc-noun-qh-g5ygm",
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of persons and animals) foam, slaver, froth"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of persons and animals"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈpʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἀφρός"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"grc:Nature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "αφρός"
},
"expansion": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: αφρός (afrós)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥bʰrós",
"4": "",
"5": "rain-cloud, rain, cloud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अभ्र",
"tr": "abhrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամպ",
"3": "ամբ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամբ (amb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "imber"
},
"expansion": "Latin imber",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄμβρος",
"3": "",
"4": "rain-water; thunder-storm"
},
"expansion": "ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Formally derived from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós (“rain-cloud, rain, cloud”), with cognates including Sanskrit अभ्र (abhrá), Old Armenian ամբ (amb), Latin imber. However, Beekes and Frisk argue that the semantic mismatch does not justify this derivation. See also possibly related but also problematic ὄμβρος (ómbros, “rain-water; thunder-storm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aphrós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφροῦ",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ἀφρός",
"roman": "ho aphrós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἀφρώ",
"roman": "tṑ aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ἀφροί",
"roman": "hoi aphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἀφροῦ",
"roman": "toû aphroû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἀφροῖν",
"roman": "toîn aphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ἀφρῶν",
"roman": "tôn aphrôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἀφρῷ",
"roman": "tôi aphrôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἀφροῖν",
"roman": "toîn aphroîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἀφροῖς",
"roman": "toîs aphroîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ἀφρόν",
"roman": "tòn aphrón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἀφρώ",
"roman": "tṑ aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ἀφρούς",
"roman": "toùs aphroús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφρέ",
"roman": "aphré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφρώ",
"roman": "aphrṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἀφροί",
"roman": "aphroí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἀφροῦ",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἀφρός • (aphrós) m (genitive ἀφροῦ); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἀφρός",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foam, of the sea"
],
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foam, slaver, froth"
],
"links": [
[
"foam",
"foam"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver"
],
[
"froth",
"froth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of persons and animals) foam, slaver, froth"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of persons and animals"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.pʰrós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈpʰros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈɸros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈfros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἀφρός"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.