See χαλεπός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for χαλεπός meaning in Ancient Greek (20.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "rhā́idios",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "ῥᾴδιος"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epikhalepaínō",
"word": "ἐπῐχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pankhálepos",
"word": "πᾰγχᾰ́λεπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sunkhalepaínō",
"word": "σῠγχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "trikháleptos",
"word": "τρῐχᾰ́λεπτος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khalepaínō",
"word": "χᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khalepótēs",
"word": "χᾰλεπότης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khaléptō",
"word": "χᾰλέπτω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khalepôs",
"word": "χᾰλεπῶς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khalepōtérōs",
"word": "χᾰλεπωτέρως"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khalepṓtata",
"word": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "antikhalepaínō",
"word": "ᾰ̓ντῐχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "akhalépōs",
"word": "ᾰ̓χᾰλέπως"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hupokhalepaínō",
"word": "ῠ̔ποχᾰλεπαίνω"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown, perhaps Pre-Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First and second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"roman": "khalepós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῆς",
"roman": "khalepês",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"roman": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇ",
"roman": "khalepêi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"roman": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"roman": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖς",
"roman": "khalepaîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"roman": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπήν",
"roman": "khalepḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπούς",
"roman": "khalepoús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ς",
"roman": "khalepā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ",
"roman": "khalepé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶς",
"roman": "khalepôs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτερος",
"roman": "khalepṓteros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτος",
"roman": "khalepṓtatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First and second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"roman": "khalepós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖο",
"roman": "khalepoîo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόο",
"roman": "khalepóo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῆς",
"roman": "khalepês",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖο",
"roman": "khalepoîo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόο",
"roman": "khalepóo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêiin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ων",
"roman": "khalepā́ōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ͜ων",
"roman": "khalepé͜ōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇ",
"roman": "khalepêi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêiin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêisin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπήν",
"roman": "khalepḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπούς",
"roman": "khalepoús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ς",
"roman": "khalepā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ",
"roman": "khalepé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶς",
"roman": "khalepôs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτερος",
"roman": "khalepṓteros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτος",
"roman": "khalepṓtatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "χᾰλεπός",
"2": "η"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "χᾰλεπός",
"2": "η",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "áporos",
"word": "ᾰ̓́πορος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dus-",
"word": "δῠσ-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Finally, to do what is necessary and yet most difficult for men in our situation—that is, to make an end of speaking",
"ref": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.59.3",
"roman": "hóper dè anankaîón te kaì khalepṓtaton toîs hôde ékhousi, lógou teleutân",
"text": "ὅπερ δὲ ἀναγκαῖόν τε καὶ χαλεπώτατον τοῖς ὧδε ἔχουσι, λόγου τελευτᾶν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard"
],
"id": "en-χαλεπός-grc-adj-cqEV-7RP",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "87 3 7 3",
"roman": "ergṓdēs",
"sense": "difficult",
"word": "ἐργώδης"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then verily courage no longer possesseth him that looketh thereon and standeth near by, for dread is the bolt of great Zeus",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.417",
"roman": "tòn d’ oú per ékhei thrásos hós ken ídētai engùs eṓn, khalepòs dè Diòs megáloio keraunós",
"text": "τὸν δ’ οὔ περ ἔχει θράσος ὅς κεν ἴδηται ἐγγὺς ἐών, χαλεπὸς δὲ Διὸς μεγάλοιο κεραυνός"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard to bear, painful, grievous"
],
"id": "en-χαλεπός-grc-adj-JgODzWTc",
"links": [
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"grievous",
"grievous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 13 41 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 11 49 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Never henceforth let sceptred king with a ready heart be kind and gentle […] but let him ever be harsh and work unrighteousness.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.232",
"text": "μή τις ἔτι πρόφρων ἀγανὸς καὶ ἤπιος ἔστω σκηπτοῦχος βασιλεύς […] ἀλλ’ αἰεὶ χαλεπός τ’ εἴη καὶ αἴσυλα ῥέζοι:\nmḗ tis éti próphrōn aganòs kaì ḗpios éstō skēptoûkhos basileús […] all’ aieì khalepós t’ eíē kaì aísula rhézoi:"
},
{
"english": "And with an angry glance Odysseus chid him with harsh words.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.245",
"roman": "kaí min hupódra idṑn khalepôi ēnípape múthōi:",
"text": "καί μιν ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν χαλεπῷ ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ:"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard to deal with, cruel, harsh, stern"
],
"id": "en-χαλεπός-grc-adj-cjzKKLR5",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "7 3 80 9",
"roman": "ameíliktos",
"sense": "harsh, cruel",
"word": "ᾰ̓μείλικτος"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For dogs that are savage are tied up by day and let loose by night.",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.8.24",
"roman": "toùs mèn gàr kúnas toùs khalepoùs tàs mèn hēméras didéasi, tàs dè núktas aphiâsi",
"text": "τοὺς μὲν γὰρ κύνας τοὺς χαλεποὺς τὰς μὲν ἡμέρας διδέασι, τὰς δὲ νύκτας ἀφιᾶσι"
}
],
"glosses": [
"savage, fierce"
],
"id": "en-χαλεπός-grc-adj-S5ls0XAV",
"links": [
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.le.pós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.le.pós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.leˈpos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "χαλεπός"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "rhā́idios",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “difficult”",
"word": "ῥᾴδιος"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adjectives",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "epikhalepaínō",
"word": "ἐπῐχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"roman": "pankhálepos",
"word": "πᾰγχᾰ́λεπος"
},
{
"roman": "sunkhalepaínō",
"word": "σῠγχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"roman": "trikháleptos",
"word": "τρῐχᾰ́λεπτος"
},
{
"roman": "khalepaínō",
"word": "χᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"roman": "khalepótēs",
"word": "χᾰλεπότης"
},
{
"roman": "khaléptō",
"word": "χᾰλέπτω"
},
{
"roman": "khalepôs",
"word": "χᾰλεπῶς"
},
{
"roman": "khalepōtérōs",
"word": "χᾰλεπωτέρως"
},
{
"roman": "khalepṓtata",
"word": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "antikhalepaínō",
"word": "ᾰ̓ντῐχᾰλεπαίνω"
},
{
"roman": "akhalépōs",
"word": "ᾰ̓χᾰλέπως"
},
{
"roman": "hupokhalepaínō",
"word": "ῠ̔ποχᾰλεπαίνω"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown, perhaps Pre-Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepós",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First and second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"roman": "khalepós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῆς",
"roman": "khalepês",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"roman": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇ",
"roman": "khalepêi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"roman": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖν",
"roman": "khalepoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"roman": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖς",
"roman": "khalepaîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"roman": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπήν",
"roman": "khalepḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπούς",
"roman": "khalepoús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ς",
"roman": "khalepā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ",
"roman": "khalepé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶς",
"roman": "khalepôs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτερος",
"roman": "khalepṓteros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτος",
"roman": "khalepṓtatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First and second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπός",
"roman": "khalepós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖο",
"roman": "khalepoîo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόο",
"roman": "khalepóo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῆς",
"roman": "khalepês",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῦ",
"roman": "khalepoû",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖο",
"roman": "khalepoîo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόο",
"roman": "khalepóo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêiin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ων",
"roman": "khalepā́ōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ͜ων",
"roman": "khalepé͜ōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶν",
"roman": "khalepôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇ",
"roman": "khalepêi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῷ",
"roman": "khalepôi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêiin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖῐν",
"roman": "khalepoîin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῇς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêisin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepêis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepaîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποῖς",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîsin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "khalepoîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπήν",
"roman": "khalepḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπούς",
"roman": "khalepoús",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́ς",
"roman": "khalepā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπέ",
"roman": "khalepé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπή",
"roman": "khalepḗ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπόν",
"roman": "khalepón",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾱ́",
"roman": "khalepā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώ",
"roman": "khalepṓ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεποί",
"roman": "khalepoí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπαί",
"roman": "khalepaí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπᾰ́",
"roman": "khalepá",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπῶς",
"roman": "khalepôs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτερος",
"roman": "khalepṓteros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "χᾰλεπώτᾰτος",
"roman": "khalepṓtatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "χᾰλεπός",
"2": "η"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "χᾰλεπός",
"2": "η",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "áporos",
"word": "ᾰ̓́πορος"
},
{
"roman": "dus-",
"word": "δῠσ-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Finally, to do what is necessary and yet most difficult for men in our situation—that is, to make an end of speaking",
"ref": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.59.3",
"roman": "hóper dè anankaîón te kaì khalepṓtaton toîs hôde ékhousi, lógou teleutân",
"text": "ὅπερ δὲ ἀναγκαῖόν τε καὶ χαλεπώτατον τοῖς ὧδε ἔχουσι, λόγου τελευτᾶν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then verily courage no longer possesseth him that looketh thereon and standeth near by, for dread is the bolt of great Zeus",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.417",
"roman": "tòn d’ oú per ékhei thrásos hós ken ídētai engùs eṓn, khalepòs dè Diòs megáloio keraunós",
"text": "τὸν δ’ οὔ περ ἔχει θράσος ὅς κεν ἴδηται ἐγγὺς ἐών, χαλεπὸς δὲ Διὸς μεγάλοιο κεραυνός"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard to bear, painful, grievous"
],
"links": [
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"grievous",
"grievous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Never henceforth let sceptred king with a ready heart be kind and gentle […] but let him ever be harsh and work unrighteousness.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.232",
"text": "μή τις ἔτι πρόφρων ἀγανὸς καὶ ἤπιος ἔστω σκηπτοῦχος βασιλεύς […] ἀλλ’ αἰεὶ χαλεπός τ’ εἴη καὶ αἴσυλα ῥέζοι:\nmḗ tis éti próphrōn aganòs kaì ḗpios éstō skēptoûkhos basileús […] all’ aieì khalepós t’ eíē kaì aísula rhézoi:"
},
{
"english": "And with an angry glance Odysseus chid him with harsh words.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.245",
"roman": "kaí min hupódra idṑn khalepôi ēnípape múthōi:",
"text": "καί μιν ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν χαλεπῷ ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ:"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard to deal with, cruel, harsh, stern"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For dogs that are savage are tied up by day and let loose by night.",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.8.24",
"roman": "toùs mèn gàr kúnas toùs khalepoùs tàs mèn hēméras didéasi, tàs dè núktas aphiâsi",
"text": "τοὺς μὲν γὰρ κύνας τοὺς χαλεποὺς τὰς μὲν ἡμέρας διδέασι, τὰς δὲ νύκτας ἀφιᾶσι"
}
],
"glosses": [
"savage, fierce"
],
"links": [
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.le.pós/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.le.pós/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰa.leˈpos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa.leˈpos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ergṓdēs",
"sense": "difficult",
"word": "ἐργώδης"
},
{
"roman": "ameíliktos",
"sense": "harsh, cruel",
"word": "ᾰ̓μείλικτος"
}
],
"word": "χαλεπός"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.