See φοῖνιξ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phoinī́kĭnos",
"word": "φοινῑ́κῐνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phoinīkópteros",
"word": "φοινῑκόπτερος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phoinī́kouros",
"word": "φοινῑ́κουρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Phoinīkoûs",
"word": "Φοινῑκοῦς"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φοίνικας"
},
"expansion": "Greek: φοίνικας (foínikas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: φοίνικας (foínikas)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "phoenīx",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: phoenīx",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: phoenīx"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փիւնիկ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փիւնիկ (pʻiwnik), փիւնիկս (pʻiwniks), փիւնիկոս (pʻiwnikos), փիւնիքս (pʻiwnikʻs), փոնիքս (pʻonikʻs)\n→ Armenian: փյունիկ (pʻyunik) (learned)\n→ Old Georgian: ფუვინკაჲ (puvinḳay)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փիւնիկ (pʻiwnik), փիւնիկս (pʻiwniks), փիւնիկոս (pʻiwnikos), փիւնիքս (pʻiwnikʻs), փոնիքս (pʻonikʻs)\n→ Armenian: փյունիկ (pʻyunik) (learned)\n→ Old Georgian: ფუვინკაჲ (puvinḳay)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "ფჳნიქსი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Georgian: ფჳნიქსი (pwiniksi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Georgian: ფჳნიქსი (pwiniksi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "bnw"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bnw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "פֻּוָּה",
"t": "a clan's name",
"tr": "puwwā"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew פֻּוָּה (puwwā, “a clan's name”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فُوَّه",
"t": "madder"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فُوَّه (fuwwah, “madder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The etymology surrounding all senses remains somewhat unclear. The fact that the dye came exclusively from Phoenicia assures some connection. However, it is unclear if it comes from native Greek or is a Phoenician loanword. The relationship in the sense of \"mythical bird\" and Egyptian bnw (“phoenix, Bennu bird”) is clear, but some have argued for a Semitic source (possibly Phoenician), perhaps related to the \"dye\" sense and the bird's red plumage. It has been argued both that the name of the tree derives from the bird and vice versa; it may be significant that Egyptian bnw can also mean both a mythical bird and the fruit of the date tree. Regardless of the etymology, the word traces back to the Mycenaean era, as evidenced by 𐀡𐀛𐀐 (po-ni-ke) and 𐀡𐀛𐀑𐀠 (po-ni-ki-pi) (most likely date palm). Compare Hebrew פֻּוָּה (puwwā, “a clan's name”) and Arabic فُوَّه (fuwwah, “madder”), a plant whose root yields purple-red dye.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "φοῖνῐξ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "phoînĭx",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ φοῖνῐξ",
"roman": "ho phoînĭx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ φοίνῑκες",
"roman": "hoi phoínīkes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ φοίνῑκος",
"roman": "toû phoínīkos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κοιν",
"roman": "phoinī́koin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κων",
"roman": "phoinī́kōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ φοίνῑκῐ",
"roman": "tôi phoínīkĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κοιν",
"roman": "phoinī́koin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς φοίνῑξῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑξῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs phoínīxĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs phoínīxĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν φοίνῑκᾰ",
"roman": "tòn phoínīkă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς φοίνῑκᾰς",
"roman": "toùs phoínīkăs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φοῖνῐξ",
"roman": "phoînĭx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκες",
"roman": "phoínīkes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φοίνῑκος",
"2": "m",
"3": "third",
"head": "φοῖνῐξ"
},
"expansion": "φοῖνῐξ • (phoînĭx) m (genitive φοίνῑκος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φοῖνῐξ",
"2": "φοίνῑκος",
"form": "M-full"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 6 6 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 7 7 22 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "grc:Colors",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"purple or crimson"
],
"id": "en-φοῖνιξ-grc-noun--8Cvj2wE",
"links": [
[
"purple",
"purple"
],
[
"crimson",
"crimson"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 53 4 5 35",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Palm trees",
"orig": "grc:Palm trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"palm tree"
],
"id": "en-φοῖνιξ-grc-noun-t0PHd8hs",
"links": [
[
"palm tree",
"palm tree"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"date (the fruit of the date palm)"
],
"id": "en-φοῖνιξ-grc-noun-fPckc8Hi",
"links": [
[
"date",
"date"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "grc:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 6 6 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 8 8 45 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phoenix, the mythical bird derived from Egyptian mythology"
],
"id": "en-φοῖνιξ-grc-noun-n6x1i54S",
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"phoenix",
"phoenix"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mythology) phoenix, the mythical bird derived from Egyptian mythology"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "grc:Musical instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 6 6 35 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 3 16 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 3 12 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 3 25 14 40",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "grc:Fruits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A guitar-like instrument invented by the Phoenicians"
],
"id": "en-φοῖνιξ-grc-noun-9Xcb67O5",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"Phoenicians",
"Phoenicians"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A guitar-like instrument invented by the Phoenicians"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰôi̯.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸy.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰôi̯.niks/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʰy.niks/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸy.niks/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfy.niks/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.niks/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "φοῖνιξ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"grc:Colors",
"grc:Fruits",
"grc:Palm trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "phoinī́kĭnos",
"word": "φοινῑ́κῐνος"
},
{
"roman": "phoinīkópteros",
"word": "φοινῑκόπτερος"
},
{
"roman": "phoinī́kouros",
"word": "φοινῑ́κουρος"
},
{
"roman": "Phoinīkoûs",
"word": "Φοινῑκοῦς"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φοίνικας"
},
"expansion": "Greek: φοίνικας (foínikas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: φοίνικας (foínikas)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "phoenīx",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: phoenīx",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: phoenīx"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փիւնիկ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փիւնիկ (pʻiwnik), փիւնիկս (pʻiwniks), փիւնիկոս (pʻiwnikos), փիւնիքս (pʻiwnikʻs), փոնիքս (pʻonikʻs)\n→ Armenian: փյունիկ (pʻyunik) (learned)\n→ Old Georgian: ფუვინკაჲ (puvinḳay)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փիւնիկ (pʻiwnik), փիւնիկս (pʻiwniks), փիւնիկոս (pʻiwnikos), փիւնիքս (pʻiwnikʻs), փոնիքս (pʻonikʻs)\n→ Armenian: փյունիկ (pʻyunik) (learned)\n→ Old Georgian: ფუვინკაჲ (puvinḳay)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "ფჳნიქსი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Georgian: ფჳნიქსი (pwiniksi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Georgian: ფჳნიქსი (pwiniksi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "bnw"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bnw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "פֻּוָּה",
"t": "a clan's name",
"tr": "puwwā"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew פֻּוָּה (puwwā, “a clan's name”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فُوَّه",
"t": "madder"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فُوَّه (fuwwah, “madder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The etymology surrounding all senses remains somewhat unclear. The fact that the dye came exclusively from Phoenicia assures some connection. However, it is unclear if it comes from native Greek or is a Phoenician loanword. The relationship in the sense of \"mythical bird\" and Egyptian bnw (“phoenix, Bennu bird”) is clear, but some have argued for a Semitic source (possibly Phoenician), perhaps related to the \"dye\" sense and the bird's red plumage. It has been argued both that the name of the tree derives from the bird and vice versa; it may be significant that Egyptian bnw can also mean both a mythical bird and the fruit of the date tree. Regardless of the etymology, the word traces back to the Mycenaean era, as evidenced by 𐀡𐀛𐀐 (po-ni-ke) and 𐀡𐀛𐀑𐀠 (po-ni-ki-pi) (most likely date palm). Compare Hebrew פֻּוָּה (puwwā, “a clan's name”) and Arabic فُوَّه (fuwwah, “madder”), a plant whose root yields purple-red dye.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "φοῖνῐξ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "phoînĭx",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ φοῖνῐξ",
"roman": "ho phoînĭx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ φοίνῑκες",
"roman": "hoi phoínīkes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ φοίνῑκος",
"roman": "toû phoínīkos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κοιν",
"roman": "phoinī́koin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κων",
"roman": "phoinī́kōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ φοίνῑκῐ",
"roman": "tôi phoínīkĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοινῑ́κοιν",
"roman": "phoinī́koin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς φοίνῑξῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑξῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs phoínīxĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs phoínīxĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν φοίνῑκᾰ",
"roman": "tòn phoínīkă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς φοίνῑκᾰς",
"roman": "toùs phoínīkăs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φοῖνῐξ",
"roman": "phoînĭx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκε",
"roman": "phoínīke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φοίνῑκες",
"roman": "phoínīkes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φοίνῑκος",
"2": "m",
"3": "third",
"head": "φοῖνῐξ"
},
"expansion": "φοῖνῐξ • (phoînĭx) m (genitive φοίνῑκος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φοῖνῐξ",
"2": "φοίνῑκος",
"form": "M-full"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"purple or crimson"
],
"links": [
[
"purple",
"purple"
],
[
"crimson",
"crimson"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"palm tree"
],
"links": [
[
"palm tree",
"palm tree"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"date (the fruit of the date palm)"
],
"links": [
[
"date",
"date"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Mythological creatures"
],
"glosses": [
"phoenix, the mythical bird derived from Egyptian mythology"
],
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"phoenix",
"phoenix"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mythology) phoenix, the mythical bird derived from Egyptian mythology"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Musical instruments"
],
"glosses": [
"A guitar-like instrument invented by the Phoenicians"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"Phoenicians",
"Phoenicians"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A guitar-like instrument invented by the Phoenicians"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰôi̯.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸy.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.niks/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰôi̯.niks/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʰy.niks/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸy.niks/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfy.niks/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.niks/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "φοῖνιξ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for φοῖνιξ meaning in Ancient Greek (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.