"σφῦρα" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphū́raina",
      "word": "σφῡ́ραινᾰ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūrēdón",
      "word": "σφῡρηδόν"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūrēlatéō",
      "word": "σφῡρηλᾰτέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūrḗlatos",
      "word": "σφῡρήλατος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūríon",
      "word": "σφῡρῐ́ον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūróbolos",
      "word": "σφῡρόβολος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūrókopos",
      "word": "σφῡρόκοπος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūroktupéō",
      "word": "σφῡροκτῠπέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphūropélekus",
      "word": "σφῡροπέλεκῠς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sphū́rōsis",
      "word": "σφῡ́ρωσῐς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "σφυρί"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: σφυρί (sfyrí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: σφυρί (sfyrí)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-mar",
            "2": "сфири́"
          },
          "expansion": "Mariupol Greek: сфири́ (sfirí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mariupol Greek: сфири́ (sfirí)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Julius Pokorny connects this word with σπαίρω (spaírō, “to hammer, to make rapid movements”). Frisk connects this word with σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball”), but this seems far-fetched, especially since the semantic connection is not evident. The etymology thus remains uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "σφῦρᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sphûra",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ σφῦρᾰ",
      "roman": "hē sphûra",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ σφῦραι",
      "roman": "hai sphûrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "roman": "tês sphū́rās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σφῡ́ραιν",
      "roman": "toîn sphū́rain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν σφῡρῶν",
      "roman": "tôn sphūrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ σφῡ́ρᾳ",
      "roman": "têi sphū́rāi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σφῡ́ραιν",
      "roman": "toîn sphū́rain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς σφῡ́ραις",
      "roman": "taîs sphū́rais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν σφῦρᾰν",
      "roman": "tḕn sphûran",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s sphū́rās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῦρᾰ",
      "roman": "sphûra",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῦραι",
      "roman": "sphûrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σφῦρᾰ",
        "2": "σφῡ́ρᾱς",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "σφῦρᾰ • (sphûra) f (genitive σφῡ́ρᾱς); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σφῦρᾰ",
        "2": "ᾱς"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 45 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 46 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 48 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 17 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 40 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "grc:Units of measure",
          "parents": [
            "Metrology",
            "Quantity",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Mathematics",
            "Sciences",
            "Formal sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hammer, beetle, mallet"
      ],
      "id": "en-σφῦρα-grc-noun-jx-eYh3B",
      "links": [
        [
          "hammer",
          "hammer"
        ],
        [
          "beetle",
          "beetle"
        ],
        [
          "mallet",
          "mallet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "κέστρα"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 52 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 45 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 46 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 48 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 40 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "grc:Units of measure",
          "parents": [
            "Metrology",
            "Quantity",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Mathematics",
            "Sciences",
            "Formal sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balk between the furrows of ploughed land"
      ],
      "id": "en-σφῦρα-grc-noun-0vnE-Za8",
      "links": [
        [
          "balk",
          "balk"
        ],
        [
          "furrow",
          "furrow"
        ],
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 45 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 40 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "grc:Units of measure",
          "parents": [
            "Metrology",
            "Quantity",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Mathematics",
            "Sciences",
            "Formal sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kind of land measure"
      ],
      "id": "en-σφῦρα-grc-noun-ryiWu9Ss",
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "measure",
          "measure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spʰŷː.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɸy.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfi.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/spʰŷː.ra/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspʰy.ra/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɸy.ra/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfy.ra/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfi.ra/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Julius Pokorny"
  ],
  "word": "σφῦρα"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Tools",
    "grc:Units of measure"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "sphū́raina",
      "word": "σφῡ́ραινᾰ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūrēdón",
      "word": "σφῡρηδόν"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūrēlatéō",
      "word": "σφῡρηλᾰτέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūrḗlatos",
      "word": "σφῡρήλατος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūríon",
      "word": "σφῡρῐ́ον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūróbolos",
      "word": "σφῡρόβολος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūrókopos",
      "word": "σφῡρόκοπος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūroktupéō",
      "word": "σφῡροκτῠπέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphūropélekus",
      "word": "σφῡροπέλεκῠς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphū́rōsis",
      "word": "σφῡ́ρωσῐς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "σφυρί"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: σφυρί (sfyrí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: σφυρί (sfyrí)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-mar",
            "2": "сфири́"
          },
          "expansion": "Mariupol Greek: сфири́ (sfirí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mariupol Greek: сфири́ (sfirí)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Julius Pokorny connects this word with σπαίρω (spaírō, “to hammer, to make rapid movements”). Frisk connects this word with σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball”), but this seems far-fetched, especially since the semantic connection is not evident. The etymology thus remains uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "σφῦρᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sphûra",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ σφῦρᾰ",
      "roman": "hē sphûra",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ σφῦραι",
      "roman": "hai sphûrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "roman": "tês sphū́rās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σφῡ́ραιν",
      "roman": "toîn sphū́rain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν σφῡρῶν",
      "roman": "tôn sphūrôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ σφῡ́ρᾳ",
      "roman": "têi sphū́rāi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σφῡ́ραιν",
      "roman": "toîn sphū́rain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς σφῡ́ραις",
      "roman": "taîs sphū́rais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν σφῦρᾰν",
      "roman": "tḕn sphûran",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς σφῡ́ρᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s sphū́rās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῦρᾰ",
      "roman": "sphûra",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῡ́ρᾱ",
      "roman": "sphū́rā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σφῦραι",
      "roman": "sphûrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σφῦρᾰ",
        "2": "σφῡ́ρᾱς",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "σφῦρᾰ • (sphûra) f (genitive σφῡ́ρᾱς); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σφῦρᾰ",
        "2": "ᾱς"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hammer, beetle, mallet"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hammer",
          "hammer"
        ],
        [
          "beetle",
          "beetle"
        ],
        [
          "mallet",
          "mallet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "κέστρα"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "balk between the furrows of ploughed land"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "balk",
          "balk"
        ],
        [
          "furrow",
          "furrow"
        ],
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "kind of land measure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "measure",
          "measure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/spʰŷː.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɸy.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfi.ra/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/spʰŷː.ra/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspʰy.ra/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɸy.ra/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfy.ra/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsfi.ra/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Julius Pokorny"
  ],
  "word": "σφῦρα"
}