See πλευρά in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ămphĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓μφῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ănĭsópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓νῐσόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ăntĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓ντῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ắpleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ărtĭópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓ρτῐόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ăterópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓τερόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "băthŭ́pleuros",
"word": "βᾰθῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "boúpleuros",
"word": "βούπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dekắpleuros",
"word": "δεκᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dĭăpleurĭsmós",
"word": "δῐᾰπλευρῐσμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dĭplăsĭópleuros",
"word": "δῐπλᾰσῐόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dĭ́pleuros",
"word": "δῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dōdekắpleuron",
"word": "δωδεκᾰ́πλευρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hékpleuros",
"word": "ἕκπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "émpleuros",
"word": "ἔμπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hexắpleuros",
"word": "ἑξᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epĭ́pleură",
"word": "ἐπῐ́πλευρᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heptắpleuros",
"word": "ἑπτᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "erĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ἐρῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heterópleuros",
"word": "ἑτερόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hēmĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ἡμῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ĭsópleuros",
"word": "ῐ̓σόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ĭsoplēthópleuros",
"word": "ῐ̓σοπληθόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "leukópleuros",
"word": "λευκόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "monópleuros",
"word": "μονόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "părăpleurĭ́dĭă",
"word": "πᾰρᾰπλευρῐ́δῐᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "părăpleuróō",
"word": "πᾰρᾰπλευρόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pentắpleuron",
"word": "πεντᾰ́πλευρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "perĭpleurĭ́zō",
"word": "περῐπλευρῐ́ζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "perĭ́pleuros",
"word": "περῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "plătŭ́pleuron",
"word": "πλᾰτῠ́πλευρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurĭ́on",
"word": "πλευρῐ́ον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurĭsmós",
"word": "πλευρῐσμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleúrothen",
"word": "πλεύροθεν"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurotŭpḗs",
"word": "πλευροτῠπής"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleúrōmă",
"word": "πλεύρωμᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "polŭ́pleuros",
"word": "πολῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "strongŭlópleuros",
"word": "στρογγῠλόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sŭ́mpleuros",
"word": "σῠ́μπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tănŭ́pleuros",
"word": "τᾰνῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tetrắpleuros",
"word": "τετρᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "trĭ́pleuros",
"word": "τρῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khălkópleuros",
"word": "χᾰλκόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "khrūsópleuros",
"word": "χρῡσόπλευρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "psīlḗpleură",
"word": "ψῑλήπλευρᾰ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: pleura"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₂-",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pnew-reh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. The traditional connections with πλάξ (pláx, “flat object, plate”) (< *plk-) and παλάμη (palámē, “palm”) (< *plh₂-em-eh₂-), via an unattested *πλῆ-ϝαρ (*plê-war), suggest a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). The semantics seem reasonable; however, the morphological formation is unclear.\nAn alternative theory, deriving the word from a Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂, from *pnew- (“to breath”), would leave the lambdacism (ν (n) > λ (l)) unexplained (although compare πλεύμων (pleúmōn, “lung”)), in addition to being semantically farfetched (the \"lung membrane\" meaning appears to be a much later innovation in the English borrowing that was never present in Greek), particularly when compared to the connection with *pleh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pleurā́",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾶς",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "hē pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "tṑ pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πλευραί",
"roman": "hai pleuraí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πλευρᾶς",
"roman": "tês pleurâs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πλευραῖν",
"roman": "toîn pleuraîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πλευρῶν",
"roman": "tôn pleurôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πλευρᾷ",
"roman": "têi pleurâi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πλευραῖν",
"roman": "toîn pleuraîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πλευραῖς",
"roman": "taîs pleuraîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πλευρᾱ́ν",
"roman": "tḕn pleurā́n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "tṑ pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πλευρᾱ́ς",
"roman": "tā̀s pleurā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευραί",
"roman": "pleuraí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρή",
"roman": "pleurḗ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πλευρᾱ́",
"2": "πλευρᾶς",
"3": "f",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "πλευρᾱ́ • (pleurā́) f (genitive πλευρᾶς); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πλευρᾱ́",
"2": "ᾶς"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurón",
"word": "πλευρόν"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurîtĭs",
"word": "πλευρῖτῐς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pleurītĭkós",
"word": "πλευρῑτῐκός"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Skeleton",
"orig": "grc:Skeleton",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rib."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-tEeRW~80",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, usually in the plural) A rib."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πλευρόν"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Skeleton",
"orig": "grc:Skeleton",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rib.",
"A side of a man or animal."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-IL-1pfCt",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, usually in the plural) A rib.",
"(usually in the plural) A side of a man or animal."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πλευρόν"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A side of things and places."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-Z8SzSVhE",
"links": [
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "grc:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "grc:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 5 23 10 10 10 2 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a rectangle; (mathematics) one factor of any product."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-f28qL5bf",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"rectangle",
"rectangle"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"factor",
"factor"
],
[
"product",
"product"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a rectangle; (mathematics) one factor of any product."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "grc:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "grc:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 8.17.11"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a square of a cube; (mathematics) a root of a square of a cubic number."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-mOMLei1W",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"cube",
"cube"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a square of a cube; (mathematics) a root of a square of a cubic number."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "grc:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A generator of a cone or cylinder."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-RrWYPenz",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"generator",
"generator"
],
[
"cone",
"cone"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A generator of a cone or cylinder."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "grc:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 20 14 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 9 17 15 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 6 15 11 11 11 2 9 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 7.17"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure."
],
"id": "en-πλευρά-grc-noun-lFsc-FqC",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pleu̯.rǎː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈβra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleu̯.rǎː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/plewˈra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈβra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πλευρά"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ămphĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓μφῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ănĭsópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓νῐσόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ăntĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓ντῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ắpleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ărtĭópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓ρτῐόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ăterópleuros",
"word": "ᾰ̓τερόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "băthŭ́pleuros",
"word": "βᾰθῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "boúpleuros",
"word": "βούπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "dekắpleuros",
"word": "δεκᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "dĭăpleurĭsmós",
"word": "δῐᾰπλευρῐσμός"
},
{
"roman": "dĭplăsĭópleuros",
"word": "δῐπλᾰσῐόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "dĭ́pleuros",
"word": "δῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "dōdekắpleuron",
"word": "δωδεκᾰ́πλευρον"
},
{
"roman": "hékpleuros",
"word": "ἕκπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "émpleuros",
"word": "ἔμπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "hexắpleuros",
"word": "ἑξᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "epĭ́pleură",
"word": "ἐπῐ́πλευρᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "heptắpleuros",
"word": "ἑπτᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "erĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ἐρῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "heterópleuros",
"word": "ἑτερόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "hēmĭ́pleuros",
"word": "ἡμῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ĭsópleuros",
"word": "ῐ̓σόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "ĭsoplēthópleuros",
"word": "ῐ̓σοπληθόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "leukópleuros",
"word": "λευκόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "monópleuros",
"word": "μονόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "părăpleurĭ́dĭă",
"word": "πᾰρᾰπλευρῐ́δῐᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "părăpleuróō",
"word": "πᾰρᾰπλευρόω"
},
{
"roman": "pentắpleuron",
"word": "πεντᾰ́πλευρον"
},
{
"roman": "perĭpleurĭ́zō",
"word": "περῐπλευρῐ́ζω"
},
{
"roman": "perĭ́pleuros",
"word": "περῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "plătŭ́pleuron",
"word": "πλᾰτῠ́πλευρον"
},
{
"roman": "pleurĭ́on",
"word": "πλευρῐ́ον"
},
{
"roman": "pleurĭsmós",
"word": "πλευρῐσμός"
},
{
"roman": "pleúrothen",
"word": "πλεύροθεν"
},
{
"roman": "pleurotŭpḗs",
"word": "πλευροτῠπής"
},
{
"roman": "pleúrōmă",
"word": "πλεύρωμᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "polŭ́pleuros",
"word": "πολῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "strongŭlópleuros",
"word": "στρογγῠλόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "sŭ́mpleuros",
"word": "σῠ́μπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "tănŭ́pleuros",
"word": "τᾰνῠ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "tetrắpleuros",
"word": "τετρᾰ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "trĭ́pleuros",
"word": "τρῐ́πλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "khălkópleuros",
"word": "χᾰλκόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "khrūsópleuros",
"word": "χρῡσόπλευρος"
},
{
"roman": "psīlḗpleură",
"word": "ψῑλήπλευρᾰ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: pleura"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pleura",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: pleura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: pleura"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₂-",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pnew-reh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. The traditional connections with πλάξ (pláx, “flat object, plate”) (< *plk-) and παλάμη (palámē, “palm”) (< *plh₂-em-eh₂-), via an unattested *πλῆ-ϝαρ (*plê-war), suggest a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). The semantics seem reasonable; however, the morphological formation is unclear.\nAn alternative theory, deriving the word from a Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂, from *pnew- (“to breath”), would leave the lambdacism (ν (n) > λ (l)) unexplained (although compare πλεύμων (pleúmōn, “lung”)), in addition to being semantically farfetched (the \"lung membrane\" meaning appears to be a much later innovation in the English borrowing that was never present in Greek), particularly when compared to the connection with *pleh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pleurā́",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾶς",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "hē pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "tṑ pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πλευραί",
"roman": "hai pleuraí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πλευρᾶς",
"roman": "tês pleurâs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πλευραῖν",
"roman": "toîn pleuraîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πλευρῶν",
"roman": "tôn pleurôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πλευρᾷ",
"roman": "têi pleurâi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πλευραῖν",
"roman": "toîn pleuraîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πλευραῖς",
"roman": "taîs pleuraîs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πλευρᾱ́ν",
"roman": "tḕn pleurā́n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "tṑ pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πλευρᾱ́ς",
"roman": "tā̀s pleurā́s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρᾱ́",
"roman": "pleurā́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευραί",
"roman": "pleuraí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πλευρή",
"roman": "pleurḗ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πλευρᾱ́",
"2": "πλευρᾶς",
"3": "f",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "πλευρᾱ́ • (pleurā́) f (genitive πλευρᾶς); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πλευρᾱ́",
"2": "ᾶς"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "pleurón",
"word": "πλευρόν"
},
{
"roman": "pleurîtĭs",
"word": "πλευρῖτῐς"
},
{
"roman": "pleurītĭkós",
"word": "πλευρῑτῐκός"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"grc:Skeleton"
],
"glosses": [
"A rib."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, usually in the plural) A rib."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πλευρόν"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Skeleton"
],
"glosses": [
"A rib.",
"A side of a man or animal."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, usually in the plural) A rib.",
"(usually in the plural) A side of a man or animal."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πλευρόν"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A side of things and places."
],
"links": [
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Geometry",
"grc:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a rectangle; (mathematics) one factor of any product."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"rectangle",
"rectangle"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"factor",
"factor"
],
[
"product",
"product"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a rectangle; (mathematics) one factor of any product."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Geometry",
"grc:Mathematics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 8.17.11"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a square of a cube; (mathematics) a root of a square of a cubic number."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"cube",
"cube"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A side of a square of a cube; (mathematics) a root of a square of a cubic number."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Geometry"
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A generator of a cone or cylinder."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
],
[
"generator",
"generator"
],
[
"cone",
"cone"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.",
"A generator of a cone or cylinder."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Geometry"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 7.17"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"triangle",
"triangle"
],
[
"two-dimensional",
"two-dimensional"
],
[
"figure",
"figure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pleu̯.rǎː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈβra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleu̯.rǎː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/plewˈra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈβra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/pleˈvra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πλευρά"
}
Download raw JSONL data for πλευρά meaning in Ancient Greek (12.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A line that forms the side of '[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"πλευρά"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "πλευρά",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.