See πεῖρα in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for πεῖρα meaning in Ancient Greek (6.3kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "risk"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*peřřa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *peřřa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-ih₂",
"id1": "risk",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to try, risk"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to try, risk”) + *-ih₂",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փորձ",
"t": "attempt, try"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian փորձ (pʿorj, “attempt, try”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perīculum",
"t": "trial, risk"
},
"expansion": "Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fērō",
"t": "danger"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *peřřa, from Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s, from *per- (“to try, risk”) + *-ih₂. Cognate with Old Armenian փորձ (pʿorj, “attempt, try”), Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”), Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πεῖρᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "peîra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πείρᾱς",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πεῖρᾰ",
"roman": "hē peîra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πείρᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πεῖραι",
"roman": "hai peîrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πείρᾱς",
"roman": "tês peírās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πείραιν",
"roman": "toîn peírain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πειρῶν",
"roman": "tôn peirôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πείρᾳ",
"roman": "têi peírāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πείραιν",
"roman": "toîn peírain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πείραις",
"roman": "taîs peírais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πεῖρᾰν",
"roman": "tḕn peîran",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πείρᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πείρᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s peírās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πεῖρᾰ",
"roman": "peîra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πείρᾱ",
"roman": "peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πεῖραι",
"roman": "peîrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πείρᾱς",
"2": "f",
"3": "first",
"head": "πεῖρᾰ"
},
"expansion": "πεῖρᾰ • (peîra) f (genitive πείρᾱς); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πεῖρᾰ",
"2": "ᾱς"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "peirázō",
"word": "πειράζω"
},
{
"roman": "peiráomai",
"word": "πειράομαι"
},
{
"roman": "peirētízō",
"word": "πειρητίζω"
},
{
"roman": "peirātḗs",
"word": "πειρᾱτής"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trial, experiment, attempt"
],
"id": "en-πεῖρα-grc-noun-ETAYSvjz",
"links": [
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"experiment",
"experiment"
],
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πεῖρα"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "peîra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "πεῖρα • (peîra)",
"name": "grc-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Epic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "peírō",
"word": "πείρω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)"
],
"id": "en-πεῖρα-grc-verb-h1BTok7T",
"links": [
[
"πείρω",
"πείρω#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Epic) first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)"
],
"tags": [
"Epic",
"active",
"aorist",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"unaugmented"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πεῖρα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek non-lemma forms",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (risk)",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek verb forms"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "peirázō",
"word": "πειράζω"
},
{
"roman": "peiráomai",
"word": "πειράομαι"
},
{
"roman": "peirētízō",
"word": "πειρητίζω"
},
{
"roman": "peirātḗs",
"word": "πειρᾱτής"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "risk"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*peřřa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *peřřa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-ih₂",
"id1": "risk",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to try, risk"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“to try, risk”) + *-ih₂",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փորձ",
"t": "attempt, try"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian փորձ (pʿorj, “attempt, try”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perīculum",
"t": "trial, risk"
},
"expansion": "Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fērō",
"t": "danger"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *peřřa, from Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s, from *per- (“to try, risk”) + *-ih₂. Cognate with Old Armenian փորձ (pʿorj, “attempt, try”), Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”), Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πεῖρᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "peîra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πείρᾱς",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πεῖρᾰ",
"roman": "hē peîra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πείρᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πεῖραι",
"roman": "hai peîrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πείρᾱς",
"roman": "tês peírās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πείραιν",
"roman": "toîn peírain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πειρῶν",
"roman": "tôn peirôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πείρᾳ",
"roman": "têi peírāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πείραιν",
"roman": "toîn peírain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πείραις",
"roman": "taîs peírais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πεῖρᾰν",
"roman": "tḕn peîran",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πείρᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πείρᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s peírās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πεῖρᾰ",
"roman": "peîra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πείρᾱ",
"roman": "peírā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πεῖραι",
"roman": "peîrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πείρᾱς",
"2": "f",
"3": "first",
"head": "πεῖρᾰ"
},
"expansion": "πεῖρᾰ • (peîra) f (genitive πείρᾱς); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πεῖρᾰ",
"2": "ᾱς"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"trial, experiment, attempt"
],
"links": [
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"experiment",
"experiment"
],
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πεῖρα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek non-lemma forms",
"Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "peîra",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "πεῖρα • (peîra)",
"name": "grc-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Epic Greek"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "peírō",
"word": "πείρω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)"
],
"links": [
[
"πείρω",
"πείρω#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Epic) first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)"
],
"tags": [
"Epic",
"active",
"aorist",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"unaugmented"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pêː.ra/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.ra/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πεῖρα"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.