See παχύς in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "roman": "pákhos", "word": "πάχος" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "roman": "pakhudáktulos", "word": "πᾰχῠδᾰ́κτῠλος" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "roman": "pakhúdermos", "word": "πᾰχῠ́δερμος" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "παχύς" }, "expansion": "Greek: παχύς (pachýs)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Greek: παχύς (pachýs)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "pachy-", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ English: pachy-", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ English: pachy-" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "paqui-", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: paqui-", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: paqui-" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "grk-pro", "3": "*pəkʰús" }, "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *pəkʰús", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*bʰn̥ǵʰús" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "बहु" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit बहु (bahu)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵", "tr": "bązah" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (bązah)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *pəkʰús, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús, from *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, fat”). Cognates include Sanskrit बहु (bahu) and Avestan 𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (bązah).", "forms": [ { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "pakhús", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "tags": [ "neuter" ] }, { "form": "Attic declension-3", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "roman": "pakhús", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "roman": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειῶν", "roman": "pakheiôn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾳ", "roman": "pakheíāi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "roman": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαις", "roman": "pakheíais", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ν", "roman": "pakhún", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰν", "roman": "pakheîan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέως", "roman": "pakhéōs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adverbial", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́τερος", "roman": "pakhúteros", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῐ́ων", "roman": "pakhíōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́τᾰτος", "roman": "pakhútatos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́χῐστος", "roman": "pákhistos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] }, { "form": "Epic declension-3", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "roman": "pakhús", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέες", "roman": "pakhées", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείης", "roman": "pakheíēs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíaiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειᾱ́ων", "roman": "pakheiā́ōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειέ͜ων", "roman": "pakheié͜ōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειῶν", "roman": "pakheiôn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃ", "roman": "pakheíēi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíaiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃς", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαις", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēisin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēis", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíais", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ν", "roman": "pakhún", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰν", "roman": "pakheîan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰς", "roman": "pakhéas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέες", "roman": "pakhées", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέως", "roman": "pakhéōs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adverbial", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́σσων", "roman": "pássōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́χῐστος", "roman": "pákhistos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "2": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "comp": "πᾰχῠ́τερος, πᾰχῐ́ων", "super": "πᾰχῠ́τᾰτος, πᾰ́χῐστος" }, "name": "grc-adecl" }, { "args": { "1": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "2": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "FDS": "πᾰχείῃ", "FGS": "πᾰχείης", "comp": "πᾰ́σσων", "dial": "epi", "super": "πᾰ́χῐστος" }, "name": "grc-adecl" } ], "lang": "Ancient Greek", "lang_code": "grc", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "thick, large, stout" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-5PEwzG0d", "links": [ [ "thick", "thick" ], [ "large", "large" ], [ "stout", "stout" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "coarse" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-FSOX45y9", "links": [ [ "coarse", "coarse" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "curdled, clotted" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-FK0jPUdD", "links": [ [ "curdled", "curdled" ], [ "clotted", "clotted" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "fat" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-vgf1E5ph", "links": [ [ "fat", "fat" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "great" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-h3Zdpszw", "links": [ [ "great", "great" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "12 22 9 5 5 47", "kind": "other", "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 8 7 0 0 54 2 9 13 0", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "5 6 5 0 0 67 1 6 9 0", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "thick-witted, dull, stupid" ], "id": "en-παχύς-grc-adj-GJl4q6ks", "links": [ [ "dull", "dull" ], [ "stupid", "stupid" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pa.kʰýs/" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçis/" }, { "ipa": "/pa.kʰýs/", "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic" }, { "ipa": "/paˈkʰys/", "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/", "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/", "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçis/", "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan" } ], "word": "παχύς" }
{ "categories": [ "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words", "Ancient Greek adjectives", "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header", "Ancient Greek lemmas", "Ancient Greek oxytone terms", "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic", "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic", "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "pákhos", "word": "πάχος" }, { "roman": "pakhudáktulos", "word": "πᾰχῠδᾰ́κτῠλος" }, { "roman": "pakhúdermos", "word": "πᾰχῠ́δερμος" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "παχύς" }, "expansion": "Greek: παχύς (pachýs)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Greek: παχύς (pachýs)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "pachy-", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ English: pachy-", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ English: pachy-" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "paqui-", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: paqui-", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: paqui-" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "grk-pro", "3": "*pəkʰús" }, "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *pəkʰús", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*bʰn̥ǵʰús" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "बहु" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit बहु (bahu)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵", "tr": "bązah" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (bązah)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *pəkʰús, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús, from *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, fat”). Cognates include Sanskrit बहु (bahu) and Avestan 𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (bązah).", "forms": [ { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "pakhús", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "tags": [ "neuter" ] }, { "form": "Attic declension-3", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "roman": "pakhús", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "roman": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειῶν", "roman": "pakheiôn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾳ", "roman": "pakheíāi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "roman": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιν", "roman": "pakhéoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαις", "roman": "pakheíais", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ν", "roman": "pakhún", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰν", "roman": "pakheîan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖς", "roman": "pakheîs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέως", "roman": "pakhéōs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adverbial", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́τερος", "roman": "pakhúteros", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῐ́ων", "roman": "pakhíōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́τᾰτος", "roman": "pakhútatos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́χῐστος", "roman": "pákhistos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] }, { "form": "Epic declension-3", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "roman": "pakhús", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέες", "roman": "pakhées", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείης", "roman": "pakheíēs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέος", "roman": "pakhéos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíaiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειᾱ́ων", "roman": "pakheiā́ōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειέ͜ων", "roman": "pakheié͜ōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχειῶν", "roman": "pakheiôn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέων", "roman": "pakhéōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃ", "roman": "pakheíēi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖ", "roman": "pakheî", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαιῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíaiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέοιῐν", "roman": "pakhéoiin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείῃς", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείαις", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēisin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíēis", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakheíais", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέεσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέσῐν", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéessin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhéesin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhési", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "pakhésin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́ν", "roman": "pakhún", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰν", "roman": "pakheîan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰς", "roman": "pakhéas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱς", "roman": "pakheíās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "roman": "pakheîa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχῠ́", "roman": "pakhú", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "masculine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχείᾱ", "roman": "pakheíā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "feminine", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέε", "roman": "pakhée", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "neuter", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέες", "roman": "pakhées", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχεῖαι", "roman": "pakheîai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέᾰ", "roman": "pakhéa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "πᾰχέως", "roman": "pakhéōs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adverbial", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́σσων", "roman": "pássōn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comparative", "feminine", "masculine", "neuter" ] }, { "form": "πᾰ́χῐστος", "roman": "pákhistos", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "neuter", "superlative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "2": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "comp": "πᾰχῠ́τερος, πᾰχῐ́ων", "super": "πᾰχῠ́τᾰτος, πᾰ́χῐστος" }, "name": "grc-adecl" }, { "args": { "1": "πᾰχῠ́ς", "2": "πᾰχεῖᾰ", "FDS": "πᾰχείῃ", "FGS": "πᾰχείης", "comp": "πᾰ́σσων", "dial": "epi", "super": "πᾰ́χῐστος" }, "name": "grc-adecl" } ], "lang": "Ancient Greek", "lang_code": "grc", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "thick, large, stout" ], "links": [ [ "thick", "thick" ], [ "large", "large" ], [ "stout", "stout" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "coarse" ], "links": [ [ "coarse", "coarse" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "curdled, clotted" ], "links": [ [ "curdled", "curdled" ], [ "clotted", "clotted" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "fat" ], "links": [ [ "fat", "fat" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "great" ], "links": [ [ "great", "great" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "thick-witted, dull, stupid" ], "links": [ [ "dull", "dull" ], [ "stupid", "stupid" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pa.kʰýs/" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçis/" }, { "ipa": "/pa.kʰýs/", "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic" }, { "ipa": "/paˈkʰys/", "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/", "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçys/", "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine" }, { "ipa": "/paˈçis/", "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan" } ], "word": "παχύς" }
Download raw JSONL data for παχύς meaning in Ancient Greek (19.2kB)
{ "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: παχύς/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'-', 'c', 's', 'o', 'A', 't', '3', 'n', 'd', 'i', 'e', 'l'}", "path": [ "παχύς" ], "section": "Ancient Greek", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "παχύς", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: παχύς/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'-', 'c', 's', 'o', 'E', 'p', '3', 'n', 'd', 'i', 'e', 'l'}", "path": [ "παχύς" ], "section": "Ancient Greek", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "παχύς", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.