"καυλός" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kaúlinos",
      "word": "καύλινος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kaulíon",
      "word": "καυλίον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "strongulókaulos",
      "word": "στρογγῠλόκαυλος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "caulis",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Latin: caulis",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source"
          },
          "expansion": "(or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Latin: caulis (or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "καυλί"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: καυλί (kavlí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: καυλί (kavlí)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*keh₂ulós",
        "4": "*kh₂ulós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ulós",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कुल्या"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kauls"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kauls",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cāl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cāl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cole",
        "id": "hay"
      },
      "expansion": "English cole",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ulós or *kawlós (“tubular bone, pipe, stalk”), possibly earlier *kéh₂wl̥, from a root *keh₂- or *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“hollow”) (compare κοῖλος (koîlos)); however there are unresolved phonetic problems, such as the lack of aspiration in Sanskrit. Cognates include Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā), Latvian kauls, and Old English cāl (> English cole).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaulós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καυλοῦ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καυλοῦ",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "καυλός • (kaulós) m (genitive καυλοῦ); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stem, stalk"
      ],
      "id": "en-καυλός-grc-noun-3h1~xVa9",
      "links": [
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ],
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 85",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shaft"
      ],
      "id": "en-καυλός-grc-noun-prGICDfV",
      "links": [
        [
          "shaft",
          "shaft"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈβlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kawˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈβlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καυλός"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "kaúlinos",
      "word": "καύλινος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kaulíon",
      "word": "καυλίον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "strongulókaulos",
      "word": "στρογγῠλόκαυλος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "caulis",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Latin: caulis",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source"
          },
          "expansion": "(or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Latin: caulis (or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "καυλί"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: καυλί (kavlí)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: καυλί (kavlí)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*keh₂ulós",
        "4": "*kh₂ulós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ulós",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कुल्या"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kauls"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kauls",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cāl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cāl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cole",
        "id": "hay"
      },
      "expansion": "English cole",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ulós or *kawlós (“tubular bone, pipe, stalk”), possibly earlier *kéh₂wl̥, from a root *keh₂- or *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“hollow”) (compare κοῖλος (koîlos)); however there are unresolved phonetic problems, such as the lack of aspiration in Sanskrit. Cognates include Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā), Latvian kauls, and Old English cāl (> English cole).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaulós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καυλοῦ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καυλοῦ",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "καυλός • (kaulós) m (genitive καυλοῦ); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stem, stalk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ],
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "shaft"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shaft",
          "shaft"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈβlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kawˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈβlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈvlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καυλός"
}