"γλυφίς" meaning in Ancient Greek

See γλυφίς in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɡly.pʰís/, /ɣlyˈɸis/, /ɣliˈfis/, /ɡly.pʰís/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ɡlyˈpʰis/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ɣlyˈɸis/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ɣlyˈfis/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ɣliˈfis/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s). Etymology templates: {{af|grc|γλῠ́φω|-ῐ́ς|t1=to carve, engrave}} γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s) Head templates: {{grc-noun|γλῠφῐ́δος|f|third|head=γλῠφῐ́ς}} γλῠφῐ́ς • (glŭphĭ́s) f (genitive γλῠφῐ́δος); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|γλῠφῐ́ς|γλῠφῐ́δος}} Forms: γλῠφῐ́ς [canonical], glŭphĭ́s [romanization], γλῠφῐ́δος [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], ἡ γλῠφῐ́ς [nominative, singular], γλῠφῐ́δε [dual, nominative], αἱ γλῠφῐ́δες [nominative, plural], τῆς γλῠφῐ́δος [genitive, singular], γλῠφῐ́δοιν [dual, genitive], γλῠφῐ́δων [genitive, plural], τῇ γλῠφῐ́δῐ [dative, singular], γλῠφῐ́δοιν [dative, dual], ταῖς γλῠφῐ́σῐ [dative, plural], γλῠφῐ́σῐν [dative, plural], taîs glŭphĭ́sĭ [dative, plural], taîs glŭphĭ́sĭn [dative, plural], τὴν γλῠφῐ́δᾰ [accusative, singular], γλῠφῐ́δε [accusative, dual], τᾱ̀ς γλῠφῐ́δᾰς [accusative, plural], γλῠφῐ́ς [singular, vocative], γλῠφῐ́δε [dual, vocative], γλῠφῐ́δες [plural, vocative]
  1. notched end of the arrow
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-20zUgu-H Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 38 5 8 11 11 26 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς: 27 7 11 16 16 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 71 2 4 7 7 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 62 2 3 5 5 23
  2. (poetic) the arrow itself Tags: poetic
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-vG8kcy-x
  3. (in the plural) notches in the arrowhead Tags: in-plural
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-8Fq7Xqfu Categories (other): Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς Disambiguation of Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension: 15 7 27 16 16 20 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς: 27 7 11 16 16 24
  4. penknife
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-4V-ak~dg Categories (other): Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς: 27 7 11 16 16 24
  5. chisel
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-RDf48ORH Categories (other): Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς: 27 7 11 16 16 24 Disambiguation of Tools: 11 4 11 18 52 4
  6. (architecture) capitals of columns
    Sense id: en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-VVytyB7q Categories (other): Architecture, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς: 27 7 11 16 16 24 Topics: architecture
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Cataglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Cataglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Euglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Euglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Peraglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Peraglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Phaenoglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Phaenoglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Sarcoglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Sarcoglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Translingual: Glyphis, Cataglyphis, Euglyphis, Peraglyphis, Phaenoglyphis, Sarcoglyphis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γλῠ́φω",
        "3": "-ῐ́ς",
        "t1": "to carve, engrave"
      },
      "expansion": "γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glŭphĭ́s",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "roman": "hē glŭphĭ́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ γλῠφῐ́δες",
      "roman": "hai glŭphĭ́des",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς γλῠφῐ́δος",
      "roman": "tês glŭphĭ́dos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δοιν",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́doin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δων",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́dōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ γλῠφῐ́δῐ",
      "roman": "têi glŭphĭ́dĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δοιν",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́doin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς γλῠφῐ́σῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́σῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs glŭphĭ́sĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs glŭphĭ́sĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν γλῠφῐ́δᾰ",
      "roman": "tḕn glŭphĭ́dă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς γλῠφῐ́δᾰς",
      "roman": "tā̀s glŭphĭ́dăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δες",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́des",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "γλῠφῐ́δος",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "γλῠφῐ́ς"
      },
      "expansion": "γλῠφῐ́ς • (glŭphĭ́s) f (genitive γλῠφῐ́δος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
        "2": "γλῠφῐ́δος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 5 8 11 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 7 11 16 16 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 2 4 7 7 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 2 3 5 5 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "notched end of the arrow"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-20zUgu-H",
      "links": [
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ],
        [
          "arrow",
          "arrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "the arrow itself"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-vG8kcy-x",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrow",
          "arrow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the arrow itself"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 7 27 16 16 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 7 11 16 16 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "notches in the arrowhead"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-8Fq7Xqfu",
      "links": [
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ],
        [
          "arrowhead",
          "arrowhead"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) notches in the arrowhead"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 7 11 16 16 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "penknife"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-4V-ak~dg",
      "links": [
        [
          "penknife",
          "penknife"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 7 11 16 16 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 4 11 18 52 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chisel"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-RDf48ORH",
      "links": [
        [
          "chisel",
          "chisel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Architecture",
          "orig": "grc:Architecture",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 7 11 16 16 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "capitals of columns"
      ],
      "id": "en-γλυφίς-grc-noun-VVytyB7q",
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "column",
          "column"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) capitals of columns"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡly.pʰís/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈɸis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣliˈfis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡly.pʰís/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡlyˈpʰis/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈɸis/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈfis/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣliˈfis/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "γλυφίς"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίς",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Tools"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Cataglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Cataglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Euglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Euglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Peraglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Peraglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Phaenoglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Phaenoglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Sarcoglyphis",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Sarcoglyphis",
          "name": "taxlink"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Translingual: Glyphis, Cataglyphis, Euglyphis, Peraglyphis, Phaenoglyphis, Sarcoglyphis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γλῠ́φω",
        "3": "-ῐ́ς",
        "t1": "to carve, engrave"
      },
      "expansion": "γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glŭphĭ́s",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "roman": "hē glŭphĭ́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ γλῠφῐ́δες",
      "roman": "hai glŭphĭ́des",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς γλῠφῐ́δος",
      "roman": "tês glŭphĭ́dos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δοιν",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́doin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δων",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́dōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ γλῠφῐ́δῐ",
      "roman": "têi glŭphĭ́dĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δοιν",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́doin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς γλῠφῐ́σῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́σῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs glŭphĭ́sĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs glŭphĭ́sĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν γλῠφῐ́δᾰ",
      "roman": "tḕn glŭphĭ́dă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς γλῠφῐ́δᾰς",
      "roman": "tā̀s glŭphĭ́dăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δε",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "γλῠφῐ́δες",
      "roman": "glŭphĭ́des",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "γλῠφῐ́δος",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "γλῠφῐ́ς"
      },
      "expansion": "γλῠφῐ́ς • (glŭphĭ́s) f (genitive γλῠφῐ́δος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "γλῠφῐ́ς",
        "2": "γλῠφῐ́δος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "notched end of the arrow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ],
        [
          "arrow",
          "arrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the arrow itself"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrow",
          "arrow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) the arrow itself"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "notches in the arrowhead"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ],
        [
          "arrowhead",
          "arrowhead"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) notches in the arrowhead"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "penknife"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penknife",
          "penknife"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "chisel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chisel",
          "chisel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "grc:Architecture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "capitals of columns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "column",
          "column"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) capitals of columns"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡly.pʰís/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈɸis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣliˈfis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡly.pʰís/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡlyˈpʰis/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈɸis/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣlyˈfis/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣliˈfis/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "γλυφίς"
}

Download raw JSONL data for γλυφίς meaning in Ancient Greek (5.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.