ὠλένη

grc-noun

ὠλένη • (ōlénē) f (genitive ὠλένης); first declension

ōlénē (romanization)
ὠλένης (genitive)
ἡ ὠλένη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠλένᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠλέναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠλένης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠλέναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠλενῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠλένῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠλέναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠλέναις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠλένην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠλένᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠλένᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠλένη (singular vocative)
ὠλένᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠλέναι (plural vocative)

Greek: ωλένη (oléni)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₃l(e)n-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l-. Cognates include Sanskrit अरत्नि (aratní), Latin ulna, Old Armenian ողն (ołn), ուլն (uln), Albanian llërë and Old English elnboga (English elbow). This reconstruction however remains uncertain.


βρῶμα

βρῶμᾰ • (brôma) n (genitive βρώμᾰτος); third declension

βρῶμᾰ (canonical)
brôma (romanization)
βρώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ βρῶμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ βρώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ βρώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
βρώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs brṓmasi (dative plural)
toîs brṓmasin (dative plural)
τὸ βρῶμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βρώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
βρῶμᾰ (singular vocative)
βρώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
βρώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Italian: bruma

→ Sicilian: bromu

→ Maltese: bram

→ Spanish: broma

From the root of βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “I eat”) + -μᾰ (-ma, object noun suffix).


ἀδήν

grc-noun

ᾰ̓δήν • (adḗn) f or m (genitive ᾰ̓δένος); third declension

ᾰ̓δήν (canonical)
adḗn (romanization)
ᾰ̓δένος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ᾰ̓δήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓δένε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ᾰ̓δένες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ᾰ̓δένος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓δένοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓δένων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ᾰ̓δένῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓δένοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ᾰ̓δέσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓δέσῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs adési (dative plural)
taîs adésin (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ᾰ̓δένᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓δένε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓δένᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓δήν (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓δένε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓δένες (plural vocative)

⇒ English: adeno-, -adenia

Greek: αδένας (adénas)

⇒ Latin: polyadenus

Beekes suggests Proto-Indo-European *h₁engʷḗn, because *h₁n̥gʷ-ḗn would produce *endḗn by Rix's Law (PIE *HR̥C > Proto-Hellenic *e/a/oRC), and rejects the connection with Latin inguen (“groin”) and Old Norse økkvenn (“thick, clodded”).
De Vaan prefers to derive it from Proto-Indo-European *n̥gʷḗn (“the naked one”), from *negʷ- (“naked”), preserving the connection with Latin inguen but excluding the Germanic forms.

inh

[…], τοισίδε χρὴ τεκμαίρεσθαι ἀδένες ὕπεισιν ἢ ἐλάσσους ἢ μείζους πᾶσιν ὑπὸ τῇ μασχάλῃ, […]
[…], toisíde khrḕ tekmaíresthai adénes húpeisin ḕ elássous ḕ meízous pâsin hupò têi maskhálēi,[…]

460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Joints 11


ὦμος

grc-noun

ὦμος • (ômos) m (genitive ὤμου); second declension

ômos (romanization)
ὤμου (genitive)
ὁ ὦμος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὤμω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὦμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὤμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὤμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὤμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὤμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὤμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὤμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὦμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὤμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὤμους (accusative plural)
ὦμε (singular vocative)
ὤμω (dual vocative)
ὦμοι (plural vocative)
ὦμος (nominative singular)
ὤμω (dual nominative)
ὦμοι (nominative plural)
ὤμου (genitive singular)
ὠμοῖο (genitive singular)
ὤμοιο (genitive singular)
ὠμόο (genitive singular)
ὤμοο (genitive singular)
ὤμοιῐν (dual genitive)
ὤμων (genitive plural)
ὤμῳ (dative singular)
ὤμοιῐν (dative dual)
ὤμοισῐ (dative plural)
ὤμοισῐν (dative plural)
ὤμοις (dative plural)
ṓmoisi (dative plural)
ṓmoisin (dative plural)
ṓmois (dative plural)
ὦμον (accusative singular)
ὤμω (accusative dual)
ὤμους (accusative plural)
ὦμε (singular vocative)
ὤμω (dual vocative)
ὦμοι (plural vocative)

⇒ English: omo-

Greek: ώμος (ómos)

⇒ New Latin: ōmohȳoīdēs, ōmohȳoīdeus

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃émōs. Cognates include Sanskrit अंस (áṃsa), Latin umerus, Old Armenian ուս (us), and Gothic 𐌰𐌼𐍃 (ams).

Δηΐοχον δὲ Πάρις βάλε νείατον ὦμον ὄπισθε φεύγοντ᾽ ἐν προμάχοισι, διὰ πρὸ δὲ χαλκὸν ἔλασσεν.

Deiochus fled with the other leaders, but Paris struck him from behind at the base of the shoulder, and drove the bronze clean through.

τῶν ἑκατὸν μὲν χεῖρες ἀπ᾽ ὤμων ἀίσσοντο, ἄπλαστοι, κεφαλαὶ δὲ ἑκάστῳ πεντήκοντα ἐξ ὤμων ἐπέφυκον ἐπὶ στιβαροῖσι μέλεσσιν· […]

From their shoulders sprang a hundred arms, not to be approached, and fifty heads grew from the shoulders upon the strong limbs of each, […]

shoulder with the upper arm; also of an animal

(particularly) shoulder (sometimes in contrast to the arm)


αἰγίλωψ

αἰγῐ́λωψ • (aigílōps) m (genitive αἰγῐ́λωπος); third declension

αἰγῐ́λωψ (canonical)
aigílōps (romanization)
αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive)
ὁ αἰγῐ́λωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ αἰγῐ́λωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῐλώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγῐ́λωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγῐ́λωψῐ (dative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsi (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν αἰγῐ́λωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγῐ́λωπᾰς (accusative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψ (singular vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπες (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: aegilōps m, aegilōpa f (Medieval form)
→ Translingual: Aegilops
→ English: aegilops
→ French: égilope

Unclear.
# The oak sense has been argued to retain a Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”) whence Proto-Germanic *aiks (“oak”) and Latin aesculus (“some oak”).
# However, the haver-grass sense has been argued to derive from αἴγιλος (aígilos, “haver-grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”) (whence αἴξ (aíx)).
# For the lachrymal fistula sense, see also ἀγχίλωψ (ankhílōps).

unk

Unclear

Quercus cerris
Quercus cerris#Translingual

Turkey oak (Quercus cerris) or valonia oak (Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis)


ἔαρ

grc-noun

ἔᾰρ • (éar) n (genitive ἔᾰρος); third declension

ἔᾰρ (canonical)
éar (romanization)
ἔᾰρος (genitive)
τὸ ἔᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔᾰρε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔᾰρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔᾰρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔᾰρσῐ (dative plural)
ἔᾰρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs éarsi (dative plural)
toîs éarsin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔᾰρ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔᾰρε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔᾰρ (singular vocative)
ἔᾰρε (dual vocative)
ἔᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *éhər, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥. Cognates include Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒄯 (ēšḫar), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj), Old Armenian արիւն (ariwn), Latin sanguis and Old Latin assyr.

οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἐπαΐγδην γενύεσσι
σάρκας ἀφαρπάζουσι καὶ ἀρτιχύτοιο φόνοιο
θερμὸν ἔαρ λάπτουσιν·
hoi mèn gàr epaḯgdēn genúessi
sárkas apharpázousi kaì artikhútoio phónoio

They rush upon him and rend his flesh with their jaws and lap the warm gore of new-shed blood.


ὀμφαλός

ὀμφᾰλός • (omphalós) m (genitive ὀμφᾰλοῦ); second declension

ὀμφᾰλός (canonical)
omphalós (romanization)
ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀμφᾰλός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀμφᾰλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀμφᾰλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀμφᾰλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀμφᾰλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀμφᾰλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀμφᾰλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀμφᾰλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀμφᾰλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀμφᾰλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀμφᾰλούς (accusative plural)
ὀμφᾰλέ (singular vocative)
ὀμφᾰλώ (dual vocative)
ὀμφᾰλοί (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: αφαλός m (afalós), ομφαλός m (omfalós, “navel”)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃m̥bʰ-l̥-, from *h₃nebʰ- (“navel, center”). Cognates include Sanskrit नभ्य (nabhya), Latin umbilīcus, and Old English nafola (English navel).


ἧπαρ

grc-noun

ἧπᾰρ • (hêpar) n (genitive ἥπᾰτος); third declension

ἧπᾰρ (canonical)
hêpar (romanization)
ἥπᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἧπᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἥπᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἥπᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἥπᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἡπᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἡπᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἥπᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἡπᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἥπᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἥπᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hḗpasi (dative plural)
toîs hḗpasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἧπᾰρ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἥπᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἥπᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἧπᾰρ (singular vocative)
ἥπᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἥπᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)
ἧπᾰρ (nominative singular)
ἥπᾰτε (dual nominative)
ἥπᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
ἥπᾰτος (genitive singular)
ἡπᾰ́τοιῐν (dual genitive)
ἡπᾰ́των (genitive plural)
ἥπᾰτῐ (dative singular)
ἡπᾰ́τοιῐν (dative dual)
ἥπᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἥπᾰσῐν (dative plural)
ἡπᾰ́τεσσῐ (dative plural)
ἡπᾰ́τεσσῐν (dative plural)
ἡπᾰ́τεσῐ (dative plural)
ἡπᾰ́τεσῐν (dative plural)
hḗpasi (dative plural)
hḗpasin (dative plural)
hēpátessi (dative plural)
hēpátessin (dative plural)
hēpátesi (dative plural)
hēpátesin (dative plural)
ἧπᾰρ (accusative singular)
ἥπᾰτε (accusative dual)
ἥπᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἧπᾰρ (singular vocative)
ἥπᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἥπᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

English: hepato-, hepar

Greek: ήπαρ (ípar)

Latin: hēpar

From Proto-Hellenic *yêkʷər, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥. The noun was changed to a T-stem, presumably due to contamination from words like ὄνομᾰ (ónoma); the expected oblique base would be *hepan- (written *ηπαν-) or *ipan- (written *ιπαν-).


ἐρεύγομαι

grc-verb

ἐρεύγομαι • (ereúgomai)

ereúgomai (romanization)
ἐρεύγομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐρεύγῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐρεύγει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐρεύγεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐρεύγεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐρεύγεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐρευγόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐρεύγεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐρεύγονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐρεύγωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
ἐρεύγῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐρεύγηται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐρεύγησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
ἐρεύγησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
ἐρευγώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
ἐρεύγησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐρεύγωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐρευγοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
ἐρεύγοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
ἐρεύγοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
ἐρεύγοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
ἐρευγοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
ἐρευγοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
ἐρεύγοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
ἐρεύγοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
ἐρεύγου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐρευγέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐρεύγεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
ἐρευγέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
ἐρεύγεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐρευγέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐρεύγεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
ἐρευγόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
ἐρευγομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
ἐρευγόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἠρευγόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἠρεύγου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἠρεύγετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἠρεύγεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἠρευγέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἠρευγόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἠρεύγεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἠρεύγοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐρεύξομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐρεύξῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐρεύξει (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐρεύξεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐρεύξεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐρεύξεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐρευξόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐρεύξεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐρεύξονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
ἐρευξοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
ἐρεύξοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
ἐρεύξοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
ἐρεύξοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
ἐρευξοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
ἐρευξοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
ἐρεύξοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
ἐρεύξοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
ἐρεύξεσθαι (dual infinitive middle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξόμενος (dual masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξομένη (dual feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξόμενον (dual middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
ἠρευξᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἠρεύξω (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἠρεύξᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἠρεύξᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἠρευξᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἠρευξᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἠρεύξᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἠρεύξᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
ἐρεύξωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
ἐρεύξῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐρεύξηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐρεύξησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
ἐρεύξησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
ἐρευξώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
ἐρεύξησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐρεύξωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐρευξαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
ἐρεύξαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
ἐρεύξαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
ἐρεύξαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
ἐρευξαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
ἐρευξαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
ἐρεύξαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
ἐρεύξαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
ἔρευξαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
ἐρευξᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
ἐρεύξᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
ἐρευξᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
ἐρεύξᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
ἐρευξᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐρεύξᾰσθαι (dual infinitive middle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξᾰ́μενος (dual masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξᾰμένη (dual feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρευξᾰ́μενον (dual middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
ἤρυγον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἤρυγες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἤρυγε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἤρυγεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἠρύγετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἠρυγέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἠρύγομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἠρύγετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἤρυγον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐρύγω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ἐρύγῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐρύγῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐρύγητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ἐρύγητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
ἐρύγωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ἐρύγητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐρύγωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐρύγωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐρύγοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
ἐρύγοις (active optative second-person singular)
ἐρύγοι (active optative singular third-person)
ἐρύγοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
ἐρυγοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
ἐρύγοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
ἐρύγοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
ἐρύγοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
ἔρυγε (active imperative second-person singular)
ἐρυγέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
ἐρύγετον (active dual imperative second-person)
ἐρυγέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
ἐρύγετε (active imperative plural second-person)
ἐρυγόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἠρυγόμην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἠρύγου (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἠρύγετο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἠρύγεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἠρυγέσθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἠρυγόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἠρύγεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἠρύγοντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
ἐρύγωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
ἐρύγῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐρύγηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐρύγησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
ἐρύγησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
ἐρυγώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
ἐρύγησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐρύγωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐρυγοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
ἐρύγοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
ἐρύγοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
ἐρύγοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
ἐρυγοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
ἐρυγοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
ἐρύγοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
ἐρύγοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
ἐρυγοῦ (imperative middle second-person singular)
ἐρυγέσθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
ἐρύγεσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
ἐρυγέσθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
ἐρύγεσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
ἐρυγέσθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐρυγεῖν (active infinitive)
ἐρυγέσθαι (dual infinitive middle second-person third-person)
ἐρυγών (active masculine participle)
ἐρυγόμενος (dual masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρυγοῦσᾰ (active feminine participle)
ἐρυγομένη (dual feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
ἐρυγόν (active neuter participle)
ἐρυγόμενον (dual middle neuter participle second-person third-person)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewg- (“to belch, roar”). Cognates include Latin ērūgō, Old Armenian ործամ (orcam), Lithuanian riaugėti, Russian рыга́ть (rygátʹ), Old English rocettan and Albanian regj.


πέπλος

grc-noun

πέπλος • (péplos) m (genitive πέπλου); second declension

péplos (romanization)
πέπλου (genitive)
ὁ πέπλος (nominative singular)
τὼ πέπλω (dual nominative)
οἱ πέπλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πέπλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πέπλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πέπλων (genitive plural)
τῷ πέπλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πέπλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πέπλοις (dative plural)
τὸν πέπλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πέπλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πέπλους (accusative plural)
πέπλε (singular vocative)
πέπλω (dual vocative)
πέπλοι (plural vocative)

→ English: peplos

desc

Greek: πέπλος m (péplos), πέπλο n (péplo)

→ Italian: peplo

Maybe a reduplicated formation from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”) and so cognate with the Ancient Greek suffix -πλόος (-plóos).


ἀγχίλωψ

grc-noun

ἀγχίλωψ • (ankhílōps) m (genitive ἀγχίλωπος); third declension

ankhílōps (romanization)
ἀγχίλωπος (genitive)
ὁ ἀγχίλωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀγχίλωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀγχίλωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀγχίλωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀγχιλώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀγχιλώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀγχίλωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀγχιλώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀγχίλωψῐ (dative plural)
ἀγχίλωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs ankhílōpsi (dative plural)
toîs ankhílōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἀγχίλωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀγχίλωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀγχίλωπᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀγχίλωψ (singular vocative)
ἀγχίλωπε (dual vocative)
ἀγχίλωπες (plural vocative)

Has been proposed to derive from ἄγχι (ánkhi, “near”) or ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I squeeze, strangle”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin; compare αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps) in the sense of “lachrymal fistula”.

a swelling which obstructs the lachrymal duct


πλευρά

πλευρᾱ́ • (pleurā́) f (genitive πλευρᾶς); first declension

πλευρᾱ́ (canonical)
pleurā́ (romanization)
πλευρᾶς (genitive)
ἡ πλευρᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ πλευρᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πλευραί (nominative plural)
τῆς πλευρᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλευραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλευρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πλευρᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλευραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλευραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πλευρᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ πλευρᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλευρᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πλευρᾱ́ (singular vocative)
πλευρᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πλευραί (plural vocative)

→ Medieval Latin: pleura

→ English: pleura

→ French: pleura

→ Italian: pleura

→ Portuguese: pleura

→ Spanish: pleura

Of uncertain origin. The traditional connections with πλάξ (pláx, “flat object, plate”) (< *plk-) and παλάμη (palámē, “palm”) (< *plh₂-em-eh₂-), via an unattested *πλῆ-ϝαρ (*plê-war), suggest a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). The semantics seem reasonable; however, the morphological formation is unclear.
An alternative theory, deriving the word from a Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂, from *pnew- (“to breath”), would leave the lambdacism (ν (n) > λ (l)) unexplained (although compare πλεύμων (pleúmōn, “lung”)), in addition to being semantically farfetched (the "lung membrane" meaning appears to be a much later innovation in the English borrowing that was never present in Greek), particularly when compared to the connection with *pleh₂-.

(usually in the plural) A side of a man or animal.


βουνός

βουνός • (bounós) m (genitive βουνοῦ); second declension

bounós (romanization)
βουνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βουνός (nominative singular)
τὼ βουνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βουνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βουνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βουνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βουνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουνούς (accusative plural)
βουνέ (singular vocative)
βουνώ (dual vocative)
βουνοί (plural vocative)

Greek: βουνό (vounó)

Mariupol Greek: вуно́ (vunó)

According to Herodotus, a Cyrenaic word; however, more recent research by Solmsen indicates a dialectal Doric origin instead. Based on variants of the related βουνιάς (bouniás, “Brassica napus”), such as μουνιάς (mouniás) and μουνιαδικόν (mouniadikón), Furnee takes the word as Pre-Greek and compares Basque muno (“hill”), apparently from the same substrate source.


βρότος

βρότος • (brótos) m (genitive βρότου); second declension

brótos (romanization)
βρότου (genitive)
ὁ βρότος (nominative singular)
τοῦ βρότου (genitive singular)
τῷ βρότῳ (dative singular)
τὸν βρότον (accusative singular)
βρότε (singular vocative)

Uncertain.
Perhaps related to Sanskrit मूर्त (mūrtá-, “clotted, coagulated”) (related to the verb मूर्छति (mūrchati, “to congeal, thicken, become solid, stiffen”); see मूर्छ् (mūrch) for more), from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥H-tó-, but this requires an unexplained loss of the laryngeal.
Various attempts to link this term with βροτός (brotós) and ἄμβροτος (ámbrotos) have been made; Frisk and Beekes following him reject these as improbable. Schulze proposes a common origin with ἀμφιβρότη (amphibrótē, “covering the body on all sides”) from an unattested *βροτόν (*brotón, “body”) which may be further related to Sanskrit मूर्ति (mū́rti-, “body, figure, form”); this is also rejected.


μάρη

grc-noun

μᾰ́ρη • (márē) f (genitive μᾰ́ρης); first declension

μᾰ́ρη (canonical)
márē (romanization)
μᾰ́ρης (genitive)
ἡ μᾰ́ρη (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς μᾰ́ρης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μᾰ́ρῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν μᾰ́ρην (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
μᾰ́ρη (singular vocative)
μᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
μᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

Unknown. Forssman doubts the authenticity of this word and Blanc supposes that the form was coined to explain εὐμαρής (eumarḗs). Former comparisons with Germanic and Celtic words, to be found in Frisk, are now obsolete. Mallory and Adams suggest Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én- (from *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”)), comparing Latin manus, Hittite [script needed] (manii̯aḫḫ-ⁱ, “to distribute, entrust”).


στέλλω

grc-verb

στέλλω • (stéllō)

stéllō (romanization)
στέλλω (active first-person indicative singular)
στέλλεις (active indicative second-person singular)
στέλλει (active indicative singular third-person)
στέλλετον (active dual indicative second-person)
στέλλετον (active dual indicative third-person)
στέλλομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
στέλλετε (active indicative plural second-person)
στέλλουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
στέλλουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
στέλλω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
στέλλῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
στέλλῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
στέλλητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
στέλλητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
στέλλωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
στέλλητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
στέλλωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στέλλωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στέλλοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στέλλοις (active optative second-person singular)
στέλλοι (active optative singular third-person)
στέλλοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
στελλοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
στέλλοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στέλλοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
στέλλοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
στέλλε (active imperative second-person singular)
στελλέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
στέλλετον (active dual imperative second-person)
στελλέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
στέλλετε (active imperative plural second-person)
στελλόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
στέλλομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
στέλλῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
στέλλει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
στέλλεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
στέλλεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
στέλλεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
στελλόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
στέλλεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
στέλλονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
στέλλωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
στέλλῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
στέλληται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
στέλλησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
στέλλησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
στελλώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
στέλλησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
στέλλωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στελλοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
στέλλοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
στέλλοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
στέλλοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
στελλοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
στελλοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
στέλλοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
στέλλοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
στέλλου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
στελλέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
στέλλεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
στελλέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
στέλλεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
στελλέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
στέλλειν (active infinitive)
στέλλεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
στέλλων (active masculine participle)
στελλόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
στέλλουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στελλομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
στέλλον (active neuter participle)
στελλόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἔστελλον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔστελλες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔστελλε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔστελλεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐστέλλετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐστελλέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐστέλλομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐστέλλετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔστελλον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐστελλόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐστέλλου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐστέλλετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐστέλλεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐστελλέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐστελλόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐστέλλεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐστέλλοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
στελέω (active first-person indicative singular)
στελέεις (active indicative second-person singular)
στελέει (active indicative singular third-person)
στελέετον (active dual indicative second-person)
στελέετον (active dual indicative third-person)
στελέομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
στελέετε (active indicative plural second-person)
στελέουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
στελέουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
στελέοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στελέοις (active optative second-person singular)
στελέοι (active optative singular third-person)
στελέοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
στελεοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
στελέοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στελέοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
στελέοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
στελέομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
στελέῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
στελέει (indicative middle second-person singular)
στελέεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
στελέεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
στελέεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
στελεόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στελέεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
στελέονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
στελεοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
στελέοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
στελέοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
στελέοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
στελεοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
στελεοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στελέοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
στελέοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
στᾰλήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
στᾰλήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
στᾰλησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
στᾰλήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
στελέειν (active infinitive)
στελέεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
στελέων (active masculine participle)
στελεόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
στελέουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στελεομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησομένη (feminine participle passive)
στελέον (active neuter participle)
στελεόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
στελῶ (active first-person indicative singular)
στελεῖς (active indicative second-person singular)
στελεῖ (active indicative singular third-person)
στελεῖτον (active dual indicative second-person)
στελεῖτον (active dual indicative third-person)
στελοῦμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
στελεῖτε (active indicative plural second-person)
στελοῦσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
στελοῦσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
στελοίην (active first-person optative singular)
στελοῖμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στελοίης (active optative second-person singular)
στελοῖς (active optative second-person singular)
στελοίη (active optative singular third-person)
στελοῖ (active optative singular third-person)
στελοῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
στελοίητον (active dual optative second-person)
στελοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
στελοιήτην (active dual optative third-person)
στελοῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στελοίημεν (active first-person optative plural)
στελοῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
στελοίητε (active optative plural second-person)
στελοῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
στελοίησᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
στελοῦμαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
στελῇ (indicative middle second-person singular)
στελεῖται (indicative middle singular third-person)
στελεῖσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
στελεῖσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
στελούμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στελεῖσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
στελοῦνται (indicative middle plural third-person)
στελοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
στελοῖο (middle optative second-person singular)
στελοῖτο (middle optative singular third-person)
στελοῖσθον (dual middle optative second-person)
στελοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
στελοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στελοῖσθε (middle optative plural second-person)
στελοῖντο (middle optative plural third-person)
στᾰλήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
στᾰλήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
στᾰλησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
στᾰλήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
στελεῖν (active infinitive)
στελεῖσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
στελῶν (active masculine participle)
στελούμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
στελοῦσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στελουμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησομένη (feminine participle passive)
στελοῦν (active neuter participle)
στελούμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
στελέω (active first-person indicative singular)
στελέεις (active indicative second-person singular)
στελέει (active indicative singular third-person)
στελέετον (active dual indicative second-person)
στελέετον (active dual indicative third-person)
στελέομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
στελέετε (active indicative plural second-person)
στελέουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
στελέουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
στελέοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στελέοισ (active optative second-person singular)
στελέοισθᾰ (active optative second-person singular)
στελέοι (active optative singular third-person)
στελέοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
στελεοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
στελέοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στελέοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
στελέοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
στελέομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
στελέεαι (indicative middle second-person singular)
στελέεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
στελέεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
στελέεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
στελεόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στελεόμεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στελέεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
στελέονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
στελεοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
στελέοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
στελέοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
στελέοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
στελεοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
στελεοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στελεοίμεσθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στελέοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
στελεοίᾰτο (middle optative plural third-person)
στᾰλήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
στᾰλήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
στᾰλήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
στᾰλησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
στᾰλησόμεσθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
στᾰλήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλησοίμεσθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλησοίᾰτο (optative passive plural third-person)
στελέειν (active infinitive)
στελεέμεν (active infinitive)
στελεέμεναι (active infinitive)
στελέμεν (active infinitive)
στελέμεναι (active infinitive)
στελέεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
στᾰλήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
στελέων (active masculine participle)
στελεόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
στελέουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στελεομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησομένη (feminine participle passive)
στελέον (active neuter participle)
στελεόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
ἔστειλᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔστειλᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔστειλε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔστειλεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐστείλᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐστειλᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐστείλᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐστείλᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔστειλᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
στείλω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
στείλῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
στείλῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
στείλητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
στείλητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
στείλωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
στείλητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
στείλωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στείλωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στείλαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στείλειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
στείλαις (active optative second-person singular)
στείλειε (active optative singular third-person)
στείλειεν (active optative singular third-person)
στείλαι (active optative singular third-person)
στείλαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
στειλαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
στείλαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στείλαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
στείλειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
στείλαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
στεῖλον (active imperative second-person singular)
στειλᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
στείλᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
στειλᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
στείλᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
στειλᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐστειλᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐστείλω (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐστείλᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐστείλᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐστειλᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐστειλᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐστείλᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐστείλᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
στείλωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
στείλῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
στείληται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
στείλησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
στείλησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
στειλώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
στείλησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
στείλωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
στειλαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
στείλαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
στείλαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
στείλαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
στειλαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
στειλαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στείλαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
στείλαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
στεῖλαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
στειλᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
στείλᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
στειλᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
στείλᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
στειλᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐστᾰ́λης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐστᾰλήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐστᾰ́λητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
στᾰλῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
στᾰλῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
στᾰλῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλείην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλείης (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλείη (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰ́ληθῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
στᾰ́λητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
στᾰλήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
στᾰ́λητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
στεῖλαι (active infinitive)
στείλᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
στᾰλῆναι (infinitive passive)
στείλᾱς (active masculine participle)
στειλᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλείς (masculine participle passive)
στείλᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στειλᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
στεῖλᾰν (active neuter participle)
στειλᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλέν (neuter participle passive)
στεῖλᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
στεῖλᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
στεῖλε (active indicative singular third-person)
στεῖλεν (active indicative singular third-person)
στείλᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
στειλᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
στείλᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
στείλᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
στεῖλᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
στείλω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
στείλωμῐ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
στείλῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
στείλῃσθᾰ (active second-person singular subjunctive)
στείλῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
στείλῃσῐ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
στείλητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
στείλητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
στείλωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
στείλητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
στείλωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στείλωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
στείλαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
στείλαις (active optative second-person singular)
στείλαισθᾰ (active optative second-person singular)
στείλειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
στείλειε (active optative singular third-person)
στείλειεν (active optative singular third-person)
στείλαι (active optative singular third-person)
στειλεῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
στειλείτην (active dual optative third-person)
στειλεῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
στειλεῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
στειλεῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
στεῖλον (active imperative second-person singular)
στειλᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
στείλᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
στειλᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
στείλᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
στειλᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
στειλᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
στείλᾰο (indicative middle second-person singular)
στείλᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
στείλᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
στειλᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
στειλᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στειλᾰ́μεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
στείλᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
στείλᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
στείλωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
στείληαι (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
στείληται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
στείλησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
στείλησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
στειλώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
στειλώμεσθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
στείλησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
στείλωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
στειλαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
στείλαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
στείλαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
στείλαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
στειλαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
στειλαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στειλαίμεσθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
στείλαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
στειλαίᾰτο (middle optative plural third-person)
στεῖλαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
στειλᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
στείλᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
στειλᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
στείλᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
στειλᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
στᾰ́λην (first-person indicative passive singular)
στᾰ́λης (indicative passive second-person singular)
στᾰ́λη (indicative passive singular third-person)
στᾰ́λητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
στᾰλήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
στᾰ́λημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
στᾰ́λητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
στᾰ́λησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰ́λεν (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
στᾰλῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
στᾰλῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
στᾰλῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλείην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλείης (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλείη (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰ́λειεν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰ́ληθῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
στᾰ́λητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
στᾰλήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
στᾰ́λητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
στεῖλαι (active infinitive)
στειλᾰ́μεν (active infinitive)
στειλᾰμέναι (active infinitive)
στείλᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
στᾰλῆναι (infinitive passive)
στᾰλήμεναι (infinitive passive)
στείλᾱς (active masculine participle)
στειλᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλείς (masculine participle passive)
στείλᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
στειλᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
στεῖλᾰν (active neuter participle)
στειλᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
στᾰλέν (neuter participle passive)
ἐστᾰ́λθην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐστᾰ́λθης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λθη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐστᾰλθήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐστᾰ́λθητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλθῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
στᾰλθῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
στᾰλθῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλθῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλθῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλθῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
στᾰλθῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
στᾰλθῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλθῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
στᾰλθείην (first-person optative passive singular)
στᾰλθείης (optative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλθείη (optative passive singular third-person)
στᾰλθεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλθείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
στᾰλθείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλθειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
στᾰλθεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλθείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
στᾰλθεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλθείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλθεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλθείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
στᾰ́λθητῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
στᾰλθήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
στᾰ́λθητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
στᾰλθήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
στᾰ́λθητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
στᾰλθέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
στᾰλθῆναι (infinitive passive)
στᾰλθείς (masculine participle passive)
στᾰλθεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
στᾰλθέν (neuter participle passive)
ἔστᾰλκᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔστᾰλκᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔστᾰλκε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔστᾰλκεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾰτον (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾱσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκᾱσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ἐστᾰ́λκῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐστᾰ́λκῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ἐστᾰ́λκητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ἐστᾰ́λκητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐστᾰ́λκωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
ἐστᾰλκοίην (active first-person optative singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκοις (active optative second-person singular)
ἐστᾰλκοίης (active optative second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκοι (active optative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰλκοίη (active optative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
ἐστᾰλκοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
ἐστᾰ́λκοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
ἔστᾰλκε (active imperative second-person singular)
ἐστᾰλκέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκετον (active dual imperative second-person)
ἐστᾰλκέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκετε (active imperative plural second-person)
ἐστᾰλκόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἔστᾰλμαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἔστᾰλσαι (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἔστᾰλται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἔστᾰλθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἔστᾰλθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἔστᾰλθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λᾰται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένος ὦ (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
ἐστᾰλμένος ᾖς (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ἐστᾰλμένος ᾖ (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
ἐστᾰλμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένοι ὦμεν (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
ἐστᾰλμένοι ἦτε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ἐστᾰλμένοι ὦσῐ (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένοι ὦσῐν (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένος εἴην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
ἐστᾰλμένος εἴης (middle optative passive second-person singular)
ἐστᾰλμένος εἴη (middle optative passive singular third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένω εἴητον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
εἶτον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
ἐστᾰλμένω εἰήτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
εἴτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
ἐστᾰλμένοι εἴημεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
εἶμεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
ἐστᾰλμένοι εἴητε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
εἶτε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰλμένοι εἴησᾰν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
εἶεν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
ἔστᾰλσο (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
ἔστᾰλθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
ἔστᾰλθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐστᾰλκέναι (active infinitive)
ἐστᾰ́λθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
ἐστᾰλκώς (active masculine participle)
ἐστᾰλμένος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
ἐστᾰλκυῖᾰ (active feminine participle)
ἐστᾰλμένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
ἐστᾰλκός (active neuter participle)
ἐστᾰλμένον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἐστᾰ́λκειν (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκη (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκεις (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκης (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐστᾰ́λκει (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκειν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐστᾰλκέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκεμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐστᾰ́λκετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λκεσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἔστᾰλσο (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἔστᾰλτο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἔστᾰλθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐστᾰ́λμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἔστᾰλθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐστᾰ́λᾰτο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)

Byzantine Greek: στέλνω (stélnō)

Greek: στέλνω (stélno, “to send”)

From Proto-Hellenic *stéľľō, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to set”). Others have argued for a derivation from a supposed Proto-Indo-European *skʷel- (“to equip”), based on Aeolic forms like σπόλα (spóla) and εὔσπολος (eúspolos), but this is suspect. Beekes instead connects the Aeolic forms to Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to split”), for which see σπολάς (spolás, “leather garment, jerkin”) for more.

der

to gather up; to furl a sail
(medicine) to bind, make costive

to gather up; to furl a sail
to bind, make costive


νεφρός

grc-noun

νεφρός • (nephrós) m (genitive νεφροῦ); second declension

nephrós (romanization)
νεφροῦ (genitive)
ὁ νεφρός (nominative singular)
τὼ νεφρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ νεφροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ νεφροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν νεφροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν νεφρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ νεφρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν νεφροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς νεφροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν νεφρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ νεφρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς νεφρούς (accusative plural)
νεφρέ (singular vocative)
νεφρώ (dual vocative)
νεφροί (plural vocative)

→ English: nephros, nephro-

Greek: νεφρό (nefró) (neuter)

From Proto-Hellenic *nekʷʰrós, from Proto-Indo-European *negʷʰrós. Cognates include Latin nefrōnes and Proto-Germanic *neurô.


πνεύμων

πνεύμων • (pneúmōn) m (genitive πνεύμονος); third declension

pneúmōn (romanization)
πνεύμονος (genitive)
ὁ πνεύμων (nominative singular)
τὼ πνεύμονε (dual nominative)
οἱ πνεύμονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πνεύμονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πνευμόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πνευμόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πνεύμονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πνευμόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πνεύμοσῐ (dative plural)
πνεύμοσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pneúmosi (dative plural)
toîs pneúmosin (dative plural)
τὸν πνεύμονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πνεύμονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πνεύμονᾰς (accusative plural)
πνεῦμον (singular vocative)
πνεύμονε (dual vocative)
πνεύμονες (plural vocative)

Greek: πνεύμονας (pnévmonas)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *plew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mō
Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō
Ancient Greek πλεύμων (pleúmōn)
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Ancient Greek πνέω (pnéō)influ.
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥
Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma)influ.
Ancient Greek πνεύμων (pneúmōn)
Alteration of πλεύμων (pleúmōn) influenced by πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”) / πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breath”).


φάλαγξ

grc-noun

φᾰ́λᾰγξ • (phálanx) f (genitive φᾰ́λᾰγγος); third declension

φᾰ́λᾰγξ (canonical)
phálanx (romanization)
φᾰ́λᾰγγος (genitive)
ἡ φᾰ́λᾰγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́λᾰγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ φᾰ́λᾰγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς φᾰ́λᾰγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰλᾰ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ φᾰ́λᾰγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φᾰ́λᾰγξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́λᾰγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs phálanxi (dative plural)
taîs phálanxin (dative plural)
τὴν φᾰ́λᾰγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́λᾰγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́λᾰγγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́λᾰγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́λᾰγγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́λᾰγγες (plural vocative)

Greek: φάλαγγα f (fálanga)

→ Classical Syriac: ܦܠܓܐ (plaggā)

→ Latin: phalanx (see there for further descendants)

→ Latin: phalanga (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: փաղանգ (pʻałang), փալանգ (pʻalang)
→ Armenian: փաղանգ (pʻałang)

Traditionally from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”), with cognates such as Latin sufflāmen and Old High German balcho, but regular derivation of φᾰ́λᾰγγ- from this root is phonetically impossible, and the suffix is prototypical of Pre-Greek. Possibly related to φάλκης (phálkēs) via the same substrate source.


πρωκτός

grc-noun

πρωκτός • (prōktós) m (genitive πρωκτού); second declension

prōktós (romanization)
πρωκτού (genitive)
ὁ πρωκτός (nominative singular)
τὼ πρωκτώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πρωκτοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρωκτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρωκτοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρωκτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πρωκτῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρωκτοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρωκτοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πρωκτόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πρωκτώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πρωκτούς (accusative plural)
πρωκτέ (singular vocative)
πρωκτώ (dual vocative)
πρωκτοί (plural vocative)

→ Greek: πρωκτός (proktós)

⇒ English: proctodeum


φαλλός

φαλλός • (phallós) m (genitive φαλλοῦ); second declension

phallós (romanization)
φαλλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φαλλός (nominative singular)
τὼ φαλλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φαλλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φαλλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φαλλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φαλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φαλλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φαλλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φαλλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φαλλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φαλλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φαλλούς (accusative plural)
φαλλέ (singular vocative)
φαλλώ (dual vocative)
φαλλοί (plural vocative)

→ Old Armenian: փաղղոս (pʻałłos)

desctree

→ Latin: phallus
Asturian: falu
Catalan: fal·lus
→ Czech: falus
→ Dutch: fallus
→ English: phallus
→ French: phallus
Galician: falo
→ German: Phallus
Italian: fallo
→ Occitan: fallus
→ Polish: fallus
→ Portuguese: falo
Romanian: falus (possibly via French)
→ Russian: фа́ллус (fállus), фалл (fall)
→ Serbo-Croatian: falus, фалус
Sicilian: fallu
Spanish: falo
→ Turkish: fallus

Greek: φαλλός (fallós)

→ Danish: fallos

→ Estonian: fallos

→ Finnish: fallos

→ Norwegian: fallos

→ Russian: фа́ллос (fállos)

→ Swedish: fallos

→? Albanian: pallë

Uncertain. The meaning "penis" likely developed from a more concrete meaning, and has been compared to βαλλία (ballía, “private parts”) and the ethnonym Τριβαλλοί (Triballoí). Possible Indo-European cognates are Old Irish ball (“member, body part”) as well as dialectal German Bille (“penis”), all usually compared to words for "ball, sack, bull, testis" and similar, supposedly deriving from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell”) (id est: *bʰl̥nós > *pʰəlnós > *pʰəllós). Probably akin to φάλλαινα (phállaina, “whale”), because of the body shape of whales.


θηλή

grc-noun

θηλή • (thēlḗ) f (genitive θηλῆς); first declension

thēlḗ (romanization)
θηλῆς (genitive)
ἡ θηλή (nominative singular)
τὼ θηλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ θηλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς θηλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν θηλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θηλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν θηλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς θηλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν θηλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ θηλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
θηλή (singular vocative)
θηλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
θηλαί (plural vocative)

Greek: θηλή (thilí)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-léh₁-, from *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck, suckle”).

480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 56

460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 5.101

386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Cratylus 414a

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 493a.13

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 500a.24

50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Collected Works 1.115


στόμαχος

στόμᾰχος • (stómakhos) m (genitive στομᾰ́χου); second declension

στόμᾰχος (canonical)
stómakhos (romanization)
στομᾰ́χου (genitive)
ὁ στόμᾰχος (nominative singular)
τὼ στομᾰ́χω (dual nominative)
οἱ στόμᾰχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στομᾰ́χου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στομᾰ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στομᾰ́χων (genitive plural)
τῷ στομᾰ́χῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στομᾰ́χοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στομᾰ́χοις (dative plural)
τὸν στόμᾰχον (accusative singular)
τὼ στομᾰ́χω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στομᾰ́χους (accusative plural)
στόμᾰχε (singular vocative)
στομᾰ́χω (dual vocative)
στόμᾰχοι (plural vocative)

⇒ Koine Greek: στομάχιον (stomákhion)

Greek: στομάχι (stomáchi)

→ Greek: στόμαχος (stómachos) (learned)

desc

→ Aramaic: אסטומכא

→ Aramaic: אסטומכא

Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܘܡܟܐ (ʾesṭomkā)

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: איצטומכא, איסטומכא

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: איסטומך

→ Latin: stomachus (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: ստամոքս (stamokʻs), ստամոք (stamokʻ), ստամաք (stamakʻ)
→ Armenian: ստամոքս (stamokʻs) (learned)

→ Old Georgian: სტომაქი (sṭomaki)

Georgian: სტომაქი (sṭomaki)
→ Bats: სტომაგ (sṭomag)
→ Mingrelian: სომაქი (somaki)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: стомахъ (stomaxŭ)

Bulgarian: стома́х (stomáh)

→ Old East Slavic: стомахъ (stomaxŭ)

Russian: стома́х (stomáx)

Ukrainian: стома́х (stomáx)

From στόμα (stóma, “mouth”), with a suffix -χος (-khos) (also found in οὐρᾰχός (ourakhós, “urachus”)), the latter of unclear and probably Pre-Greek origin.


πρόσωπον

grc-noun

πρόσωπον • (prósōpon) n (genitive προσώπου); second declension

prósōpon (romanization)
προσώπου (genitive)
τὸ πρόσωπον (nominative singular)
τὼ προσώπω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρόσωπᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ προσώπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προσώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προσώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ προσώπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προσώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προσώποις (dative plural)
τὸ πρόσωπον (accusative singular)
τὼ προσώπω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρόσωπᾰ (accusative plural)
πρόσωπον (singular vocative)
προσώπω (dual vocative)
πρόσωπᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

There exist numerous lengthened plurals, such as προσώπατα (prosṓpata) and προσώπασι (prosṓpasi).

Greek: πρόσωπο (prósopo)

→ Aramaic: פרצופא

Classical Syriac: ܦܪܨܘܦܐ

→ English: prosopon

desctree

→? Etruscan: 𐌘𐌄𐌓𐌔𐌖 (φersu)
→? Latin: persōna (see there for further descendants)

→ Hebrew: פַּרְצוּף (partsúf)

→ Romanian: prosop

From an earlier *προτι-ωπ-ον (*proti-ōp-on, “what is opposite to the eyes (of the other)”), analyzed as πρότι (próti, “opposite”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”) + -ον (-on, “nominative neuter suffix”); for the first component, see πρός (prós, “towards”). In light of exact cognates such as Tocharian B pratsāko (“chest”) and Sanskrit प्रतीक (prátīka, “face, appearance”), this compound may have been directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *prétih₃kʷo-, though it is equally possible it was formed independently of its cognates.


φλέγμα

grc-noun

φλέγμᾰ • (phlégma) n (genitive φλέγμᾰτος); third declension

φλέγμᾰ (canonical)
phlégma (romanization)
φλέγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ φλέγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φλέγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φλέγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φλέγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλεγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλεγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ φλέγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλεγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φλέγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
φλέγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phlégmasi (dative plural)
toîs phlégmasin (dative plural)
τὸ φλέγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φλέγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φλέγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
φλέγμᾰ (singular vocative)
φλέγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
φλέγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: بَلْغَم (balḡam)
Maltese: belgħun
→ Azerbaijani: bəlğəm
→ Indonesian: balgam
→ Middle Armenian: պալղամ (palġam), պլղամ (plġam)
→ Ottoman Turkish: بالغام (balgam)
Turkish: balgam
→ Gagauz: balgam
→ Swahili: balaghamu

→ English: phlegm

→ Latin: phlegma
Catalan: flegma
Galician: freima, flegma
Italian: flemma
French: flemme, flegme
Old French: fleume
→ Middle Dutch: fleume, fleuma
Dutch: fluim
Polish: flegma
Portuguese: flegma, fleuma, fleima
Romanian: flegmă
Spanish: flema

From φλέγω (phlégō, “to set on fire, inflame”) + -μα (-ma).


σφόνδυλος

grc-noun

σφόνδῠλος • (sphóndulos) m (genitive σφονδῠ́λου); second declension

σφόνδῠλος (canonical)
sphóndulos (romanization)
σφονδῠ́λου (genitive)
ὁ σφόνδῠλος (nominative singular)
τὼ σφονδῠ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ σφόνδῠλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σφονδῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφονδῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφονδῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σφονδῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφονδῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σφονδῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν σφόνδῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σφονδῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σφονδῠ́λους (accusative plural)
σφόνδῠλε (singular vocative)
σφονδῠ́λω (dual vocative)
σφόνδῠλοι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to δάκτυλος (dáktulos) and κόνδυλος (kóndulos), probably first from a noun *σφόνδος (*sphóndos). Sometimes connected with words like σφενδόνη (sphendónē), σφεδανός (sphedanós) and σφαδάζω (sphadázō), but this is mere speculation. The variation σφ/σπ points to a Pre-Greek origin.

vertebra (especially the cervical vertebrae)


χολή

χολή • (kholḗ) f (genitive χολῆς); first declension

kholḗ (romanization)
χολῆς (genitive)
ἡ χολή (nominative singular)
τὼ χολᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ χολαί (nominative plural)
τῆς χολῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χολαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χολῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χολῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν χολαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς χολαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν χολήν (accusative singular)
τὼ χολᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χολᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
χολή (singular vocative)
χολᾱ́ (dual vocative)
χολαί (plural vocative)

Greek: χολή (cholí)

→ Old French: colle

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰolā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolh₃-éh₂, from *ǵʰelh₃-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬭𐬀 (zāra, “gall”), Latin helvus (“honey-yellow”), Sanskrit हरि (hári, “yellow, tawny”), Persian زر (zar, “gold”).


ἰχώρ

ῑ̓χώρ • (īkhṓr) m (genitive ῑ̓χῶρος); third declension

ῑ̓χώρ (canonical)
īkhṓr (romanization)
ῑ̓χῶρος (genitive)
ὁ ῑ̓χώρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓χῶρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῑ̓χῶρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῑ̓χῶρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓χώροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓χώρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῑ̓χῶρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓χώροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῑ̓χῶρσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓χῶρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs īkhôrsi (dative plural)
toîs īkhôrsin (dative plural)
τὸν ῑ̓χῶρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓χῶρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῑ̓χῶρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῑ̓χώρ (singular vocative)
ῑ̓χῶρε (dual vocative)
ῑ̓χῶρες (plural vocative)
ῑ̓χώρ (nominative singular)
ῑ̓χῶρε (dual nominative)
ῑ̓χῶρες (nominative plural)
ῑ̓χῶρος (genitive singular)
ῑ̓χώροιῐν (dual genitive)
ῑ̓χώρων (genitive plural)
ῑ̓χῶρῐ (dative singular)
ῑ̓χώροιῐν (dative dual)
ῑ̓χῶρσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓χῶρσῐν (dative plural)
ῑ̓χώρεσσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓χώρεσσῐν (dative plural)
ῑ̓χώρεσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓χώρεσῐν (dative plural)
īkhôrsi (dative plural)
īkhôrsin (dative plural)
īkhṓressi (dative plural)
īkhṓressin (dative plural)
īkhṓresi (dative plural)
īkhṓresin (dative plural)
ῑ̓χῶ (accusative singular)
ῑ̓χῶρε (accusative dual)
ῑ̓χῶρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῑ̓χώρ (singular vocative)
ῑ̓χῶρε (dual vocative)
ῑ̓χῶρες (plural vocative)

ichor, the fluid which runs through the veins of gods


πεδίον

πεδίον • (pedíon) n (genitive πεδίου); second declension

pedíon (romanization)
πεδίου (genitive)
τὸ πεδῐ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ πεδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πεδῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πεδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πεδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πεδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πεδῐ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ πεδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πεδῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
πεδῐ́ον (singular vocative)
πεδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πεδῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)
πεδῐ́ον (nominative singular)
πεδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
πεδῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
πεδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
πεδῐοῖο (genitive singular)
πεδῐ́οιο (genitive singular)
πεδῐόο (genitive singular)
πεδῐ́οο (genitive singular)
πεδῐ́οιῐν (dual genitive)
πεδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
πεδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
πεδῐ́οιῐν (dative dual)
πεδῐ́οισῐ (dative plural)
πεδῐ́οισῐν (dative plural)
πεδῐ́οις (dative plural)
pedíoisi (dative plural)
pedíoisin (dative plural)
pedíois (dative plural)
πεδῐ́ον (accusative singular)
πεδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
πεδῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
πεδῐ́ον (singular vocative)
πεδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πεδῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πεδίο (pedío)

→ English: pedion, Pædion

From Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“trace, footstep”), and related to πούς (poús, “foot”). Compare πέδον (pédon, “soil, ground”).

der

νὴ μὰ Δία Βοιωτία, καλόν γ’ ἔχουσα τὸ πεδίον