σάτυρος

grc-noun

σᾰ́τῠρος • (sắtŭros) m (genitive σᾰτῠ́ρου); second declension

σᾰ́τῠρος (canonical)
sắtŭros (romanization)
σᾰτῠ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ σᾰ́τῠρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾰ́τῠροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰτῠ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰτῠ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰτῠ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰτῠ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σᾰ́τῠρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾰτῠ́ρους (accusative plural)
σᾰ́τῠρε (singular vocative)
σᾰτῠ́ρω (dual vocative)
σᾰ́τῠροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: satyrus

→ English: satyr

→ Translingual: Satyrus

→ Old Armenian: սատիրոս (satiros)

→ Arabic: سَعْتَر (saʕtar)

→ Turkish: soytarı

→ Polish: satyr

→ Russian: сати́р m (satír)

Unknown; possibly loaned from a Pre-Greek substrate.


τίτυρος

τῑ́τῠρος • (tī́tŭros) m (genitive τῑτῠ́ρου); second declension

τῑ́τῠρος (canonical)
tī́tŭros (romanization)
τῑτῠ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ τῑ́τῠρος (nominative singular)
τὼ τῑτῠ́ρω (dual nominative)
τοὶ τῑ́τῠροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῑτῠ́ροιο (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῑτῠ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῑτῠ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ τῑτῠ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῑτῠ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῑτῠ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν τῑ́τῠρον (accusative singular)
τὼ τῑτῠ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῑτῠ́ρους (accusative plural)
τῑ́τῠρε (singular vocative)
τῑτῠ́ρω (dual vocative)
τῑ́τῠροι (plural vocative)

Furnée compares διθύραμβος (dithúrambos, “dithyramb”), which would contain a variant ot this word, with a suffix -αμβος. Previous proposals include connection with synonymous σάτυρος (sáturos, “satyr”), from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”) by Solmsen. This is rejected by Nehring, who considers both words to be loans from Asia Minor. Deroy connects the suffix -τυρος with ταῦρος (taûros, “bull”). According to Beekes, the word is Pre-Greek.


φοῖνιξ

grc-noun

φοῖνῐξ • (phoînĭx) m (genitive φοίνῑκος); third declension

φοῖνῐξ (canonical)
phoînĭx (romanization)
φοίνῑκος (genitive)
ὁ φοῖνῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φοίνῑκε (dual nominative)
οἱ φοίνῑκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φοίνῑκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φοινῑ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φοινῑ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ φοίνῑκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φοινῑ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φοίνῑξῐ (dative plural)
φοίνῑξῐν (dative plural)
toîs phoínīxĭ (dative plural)
toîs phoínīxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν φοίνῑκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φοίνῑκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φοίνῑκᾰς (accusative plural)
φοῖνῐξ (singular vocative)
φοίνῑκε (dual vocative)
φοίνῑκες (plural vocative)

Greek: φοίνικας (foínikas)

→ Latin: phoenīx

desctree

→ Old Armenian: փիւնիկ (pʻiwnik), փիւնիկս (pʻiwniks), փիւնիկոս (pʻiwnikos), փիւնիքս (pʻiwnikʻs), փոնիքս (pʻonikʻs)
→ Armenian: փյունիկ (pʻyunik) (learned)
→ Old Georgian: ფუვინკაჲ (puvinḳay)

→ Old Georgian: ფჳნიქსი (pwiniksi)

The etymology surrounding all senses remains somewhat unclear. The fact that the dye came exclusively from Phoenicia assures some connection. However, it is unclear if it comes from native Greek or is a Phoenician loanword. The relationship in the sense of "mythical bird" and Egyptian bnw (“phoenix, Bennu bird”) is clear, but some have argued for a Semitic source (possibly Phoenician), perhaps related to the "dye" sense and the bird's red plumage. It has been argued both that the name of the tree derives from the bird and vice versa; it may be significant that Egyptian bnw can also mean both a mythical bird and the fruit of the date tree. Regardless of the etymology, the word traces back to the Mycenaean era, as evidenced by 𐀡𐀛𐀐 (po-ni-ke) and 𐀡𐀛𐀑𐀠 (po-ni-ki-pi) (most likely date palm). Compare Hebrew פֻּוָּה (puwwā, “a clan's name”) and Arabic فُوَّه (fuwwah, “madder”), a plant whose root yields purple-red dye.

(mythology) phoenix, the mythical bird derived from Egyptian mythology


Κέρβερος

grc-proper noun

Κέρβερος • (Kérberos) m (genitive Κερβέρου); second declension

Kérberos (romanization)
Κερβέρου (genitive)
ὁ Κέρβερος (nominative singular)
τοῦ Κερβέρου (genitive singular)
τῷ Κερβέρῳ (dative singular)
τὸν Κέρβερον (accusative singular)
Κέρβερε (singular vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: Cerberus
Catalan: Cèrber
English: Cerberus
French: Cerbère
German: Zerberus
Italian: Cerbero
Polish: Cerber
Portuguese: Cérbero
Romanian: Cerber
Serbo-Croatian: Kerber
Spanish: Cerbero
→ Translingual: Cerberus

→ Translingual: Kerberos

Unknown. Suggested to be cognate with Sanskrit शबल (śabala), कर्बुर (karbura, “speckled, spotted”), from Late Proto-Indo-European *ḱerbero- (“dappled, spotted”) (perhaps compare Spot as a popular dog's name in English), but this is phonetically problematic and is rejected by Beekes.

der

Cerberus, the three-headed dog which guards the entrance to Hades


δράκων

grc-noun

δρᾰ́κων • (drắkōn) m (genitive δρᾰ́κοντος); third declension

δρᾰ́κων (canonical)
drắkōn (romanization)
δρᾰ́κοντος (genitive)
ὁ δρᾰ́κων (nominative singular)
τὼ δρᾰ́κοντε (dual nominative)
οἱ δρᾰ́κοντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δρᾰ́κοντος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δρᾰκόντοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δρᾰκόντων (genitive plural)
τῷ δρᾰ́κοντῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δρᾰκόντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δρᾰ́κουσῐ (dative plural)
δρᾰ́κουσῐν (dative plural)
toîs drắkousĭ (dative plural)
toîs drắkousĭn (dative plural)
τὸν δρᾰ́κοντᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δρᾰ́κοντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δρᾰ́κοντᾰς (accusative plural)
δρᾰ́κον (singular vocative)
δρᾰ́κοντε (dual vocative)
δρᾰ́κοντες (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: δράκος (drákos)

desc

Greek: δράκος (drákos), δράκοντας (drákontas)

Mariupol Greek: дъра́кус (ðrákus)

→ Classical Syriac: ܕܪܩܘܢܐ

→ Armenian: դրակոն (drakon)

→ Belarusian: дракон (drakón)

→ Bulgarian: дракон (drakon)

→ Coptic: ⲇⲣⲁⲕⲱⲛ (drakōn)

→ Georgian: დრაკონი (draḳoni)

→ Hebrew: דרקון (drakon)

→ Latin: dracō (see there for further descendants)

→ Macedonian: дракон (drakon)

desctree

→ Russian: дракон (drakon), драко́нъ (drakón) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Bashkir: дракон (drakon)

→ Ukrainian: дракон (drakon)

Traditionally related to δέρκομαι (dérkomai, “to see”) with the literal meaning of “one who stares” or, alternatively, “sharp-sighted”.
With stem drakont- for drakon- (influenced by the present participle), as revealed by the feminine δράκαινα (drákaina).


Ἅρπυια

grc-proper noun

Ἅρπυιᾰ • (Hárpuiă) f (genitive Ἁρπυίᾱς); first declension

Ἅρπυιᾰ (canonical)
Hárpuiă (romanization)
Ἁρπυίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ Ἅρπυιᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ Ἁρπυίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ Ἅρπυιαι (nominative plural)
τῆς Ἁρπυίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν Ἁρπυίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Ἁρπυιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ Ἁρπυίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν Ἁρπυίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Ἁρπυίαις (dative plural)
τὴν Ἅρπυιᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ Ἁρπυίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Ἁρπυίᾱς (accusative plural)
Ἅρπυιᾰ (singular vocative)
Ἁρπυίᾱ (dual vocative)
Ἅρπυιαι (plural vocative)

English: harpy

Greek: άρπυια (árpyia)

Latin: harpyia

Probably borrowed from Pre-Greek, but commonly related to ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “I snatch, seize”).


Σκύλλα

Σκῠ́λλᾰ • (Skŭ́llă) f (genitive Σκῠ́λλης); first declension

Σκῠ́λλᾰ (canonical)
Skŭ́llă (romanization)
Σκῠ́λλης (genitive)
ἡ Σκῠ́λλᾰ (nominative singular)
τῆς Σκῠ́λλης (genitive singular)
τῇ Σκῠ́λλῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Σκῠ́λλᾰν (accusative singular)
Σκῠ́λλᾰ (singular vocative)

Greek: Σκύλλα (Skýlla)

Italian: Scilla

Latin: Scylla

Russian: Сци́лла (Scílla)

qual

Sicilian: Scigghiu (possibly through an intermediate *Σκῠ́λλῐον)

Probably from σκύλλω (skúllō, “pluck, tear”).


Σειρήν

grc-proper noun

Σειρήν • (Seirḗn) f (genitive Σειρῆνος); third declension

Seirḗn (romanization)
Σειρῆνος (genitive)
ἡ Σειρήν (nominative singular)
τὼ Σειρῆνε (dual nominative)
αἱ Σειρῆνες (nominative plural)
τῆς Σειρῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν Σειρήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Σειρήνων (genitive plural)
τῇ Σειρῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν Σειρήνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Σειρῆσῐ (dative plural)
Σειρῆσῐν (dative plural)
taîs Seirêsĭ (dative plural)
taîs Seirêsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν Σειρῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ Σειρῆνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Σειρῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
Σειρήν (singular vocative)
Σειρῆνε (dual vocative)
Σειρῆνες (plural vocative)

→ Finnish: seireeni

desc

Greek: Σειρήν (Seirín), σειρήνα (seirína)

→ Hebrew: סירנה

→ Indonesian: Siren

→ Italian: Sirena

→ Japanese: セイレーン

→ Korean: 세이렌 (seiren)

→ Latin: Sīrēn

→ Lithuanian: Sirena

→ Norwegian: Sirene

→ Polish: Syrena

→ Romanian: Sirenă

→ Russian: Сирен (Siren)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Сирена

→ Slovene: Sirena

→ Ukrainian: Сирен (Syren)

Perhaps originally "entangler" or "binder," from σειρά (seirá, “rope, cord”), from Proto-Indo-European *twerH- (“to grab, seize, enclose”). On the other hand, Chantraine is in favor of a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -ήν. Compare also Σείριος (Seírios).


Σφίγξ

grc-proper noun

Σφῐ́γξ • (Sphĭ́nx) f (genitive Σφῐγγός); third declension

Σφῐ́γξ (canonical)
Sphĭ́nx (romanization)
Σφῐγγός (genitive)
ἡ Σφῐ́γξ (nominative singular)
τὼ Σφῐ́γγε (dual nominative)
αἱ Σφῐ́γγες (nominative plural)
τῆς Σφῐγγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν Σφῐγγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν Σφῐγγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ Σφῐγγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν Σφῐγγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς Σφῐγξῐ́ (dative plural)
Σφῐγξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs Sphĭnxĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν Σφῐ́γγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ Σφῐ́γγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Σφῐ́γγᾰς (accusative plural)
Σφῐ́γξ (singular vocative)
Σφῐ́γγε (dual vocative)
Σφῐ́γγες (plural vocative)

→ Bulgarian: Сфинкс (Sfinks)

→ Catalan: Esfinx

→ Czech: Sfinga

→ Danish: Sfinks

→ Dutch: Sfinx

→ English: Sphinx

→ Estonian: Sphinx

→ Finnish: Sfinksi

→ French: Sphinx

→ German: Sphinx

Greek: Σφιγξ (Sfinx), Σφίγγα (Sfínga)

→ Hebrew: ספינקס (Sfinqs)

→ Hungarian: Szfinx

→ Indonesian: Sphinx

→ Italian: Sfinge, sfinge

→ Japanese: スフィンクス (Sufinkusu)

→ Korean: 스핑크스 (seupingkeuseu)

→ Latin: Sphinx

→ Lithuanian: Sfinksas

→ Manx: Sphinx

→ Norwegian: Sfinks

→ Ossetian: Сфинкс (Sfinks) (Sfinks)

→ Polish: Sfinks

→ Portuguese: Esfinge

→ Romanian: Sfinx

→ Russian: Сфинкс (Sfinks)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Сфинга, Sfinga

→ Sicilian: svince

→ Spanish: Esfinge

→ Swedish: Sfinx

→ Thai: สฟิงซ์ (sà-fíng)

→ Ukrainian: Сфінкс (Sfinks)

→ Yiddish: ספֿינקס (sfinks)

Uncertain. Possibly from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “to squeeze, to strangle”) (a Pre-Greek word) or from Egyptian Szp:p-A53-anx-n:x (šzp-ꜥnḫ, “living image”) or Szp:p-A53 (šzp, “image, statue, sphinx”).


ὕδρα

grc-noun

ῠ̔́δρᾱ • (hŭ́drā) f (genitive ῠ̔́δρᾱς); first declension

ῠ̔́δρᾱ (canonical)
hŭ́drā (romanization)
ῠ̔́δρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ῠ̔́δρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́δρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῠ̔́δραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῠ̔́δρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́δραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔δρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῠ̔́δρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔́δραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῠ̔́δραις (dative plural)
τὴν ῠ̔́δρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́δρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῠ̔́δρᾱς (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́δρᾱ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́δρᾱ (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́δραι (plural vocative)

Greek: ύδρα (ýdra), Ύδρα (Ýdra)

→ English: hydra, Hydra

→ Latin: hydra

→ Russian: ги́дра f (gídra)

From Proto-Hellenic *údrā, from Proto-Indo-European *udréh₂, the feminine form of *udrós, from the root *wed-. See also Mycenaean Greek 𐀄𐀈𐀫 (u-do-ro). Cognate with English otter and Sanskrit उद्र (udrá), Czech vydra, Russian вы́дра (výdra), Lithuanian ūdra, Latin lutra.


κριός

κρῑός • (krīós) m (genitive κρῑοῦ); second declension

κρῑός (canonical)
krīós (romanization)
κρῑοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κρῑός (nominative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κρῑοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρῑοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρῑῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κρῑῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρῑοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κρῑόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρῑούς (accusative plural)
κρῑέ (singular vocative)
κρῑώ (dual vocative)
κρῑοί (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Traditionally connected with κέρας (kéras, “horn”). The chickpea meaning possibly relates to Latin cicer (“chickpea”), Old Armenian սիսեռն (siseṙn, “chickpea”). Beekes argues for an original meaning of “curved”, comparing Lithuanian kreivas, Old East Slavic кривъ (krivŭ).


φίλτρον

grc-noun

φῐ́λτρον • (phĭ́ltron) n (genitive φῐ́λτρου); second declension

φῐ́λτρον (canonical)
phĭ́ltron (romanization)
φῐ́λτρου (genitive)
τὸ φῐ́λτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ φῐ́λτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φῐ́λτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φῐ́λτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῐ́λτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῐ́λτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φῐ́λτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῐ́λτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φῐ́λτροις (dative plural)
τὸ φῐ́λτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φῐ́λτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φῐ́λτρᾰ (accusative plural)
φῐ́λτρον (singular vocative)
φῐ́λτρω (dual vocative)
φῐ́λτρᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: philtrum
→ English: philter, philtrum
French: feutre
→ Italian: filtro
Sicilian: firtru
→ French: philtre (learned)

From φῐλέω (phĭléō, “to love; to kiss”) + -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix).

af

love-charm, spell to produce love, whether a potion, or any other means


χαραδριός

grc-noun

χαραδριός • (kharadriós) m (genitive χαραδριοῦ); second declension

kharadriós (romanization)
χαραδριοῦ (genitive)
ὁ χαραδριός (nominative singular)
τὼ χαραδριώ (dual nominative)
οἱ χαραδριοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ χαραδριοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν χαραδριοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χαραδριῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χαραδριῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν χαραδριοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς χαραδριοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν χαραδριόν (accusative singular)
τὼ χαραδριώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χαραδριούς (accusative plural)
χαραδριέ (singular vocative)
χαραδριώ (dual vocative)
χαραδριοί (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: քարադր (kʻaradr), քաղանդր (kʻałandr), քաղաթր (kʻałatʻr), քաղարդր (kʻałardr), քաղադր (kʻaładr), քաղդր (kʻałdr), քարադրոս (kʻaradros), քարարդ (kʻarard), քառադր (kʻaṙadr), քաղարդ (kʻałard), քաղանդրոս (kʻałandros), քարադրոն (kʻaradron), կալատրիս (kalatris)
→ Old Georgian: ქალანდრო (kalandro), ქარანდრი (karandri)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: харадрїонъ (xaradrionŭ), халадреѡнъ (xaladreonŭ), каладриконъ (kaladrikonŭ), каладринѡнъ (kaladrinonŭ), хадрїонъ (xadrionŭ)

→ Old Georgian: ხარადრიონი (xaradrioni)

→ Latin: charadrius, caladrius

→ Russian: хара́др (xarádr), хара́дрий (xarádrij), кала́дрий (kaládrij), кала́дриус (kaládrius)

The formation is similar to other bird names, like αἰγυπιός (aigupiós), αἰγωλιός (aigōliós) and ἐρῳδιός (erōidiós). Traditionally derived from χαράδρα (kharádra, “dry bed of a river”), but it could be folk etymology.

Ἔστι πετεινὸν, λεγόμενον χαλαδριός
Ésti peteinòn, legómenon khaladriós

(Byzantine) caladrius (a mythical bird that had healing powers)


κυνοκέφαλος

grc-noun

κῠνοκέφᾰλος • (kŭnoképhălos) m (genitive κῠνοκεφάλου); second declension

κῠνοκέφᾰλος (canonical)
kŭnoképhălos (romanization)
κῠνοκεφάλου (genitive)
ὁ κῠνοκέφᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠνοκεφᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠνοκέφᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠνοκεφᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠνοκεφᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠνοκεφᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠνοκεφᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠνοκεφᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠνοκεφᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠνοκέφᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠνοκεφᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠνοκεφᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
κῠνοκέφᾰλε (singular vocative)
κῠνοκεφᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κῠνοκέφᾰλοι (plural vocative)

A compound of κύων (kúōn, “dog”) + κέφαλος (képhalos, “head”)


Γελλώ

grc-proper noun

Γελλώ • (Gellṓ) f (genitive Γελλοῦς); third declension

Gellṓ (romanization)
Γελλοῦς (genitive)
ἡ Γελλώ (nominative singular)
τῆς Γελλοῦς (genitive singular)
τῇ Γελλοῖ (dative singular)
τὴν Γελλώ (accusative singular)
Γελλοῖ (singular vocative)

Perhaps from Akkadian 𒂵𒀠𒇻𒌑 (ga-al-lu-ú, gallû), 𒋼𒇲 (GAL₅.LÁ, gallû, “Gallu”), a word from the Assyro-Babylonian religion perhaps related to ghoul, as a demonic revenant who brings sickness and death, from Sumerian 𒋼𒇲 (GAL₅.LÁ, galla, “demon; constable”).

der

Γέλλως παιδοφιλωτέρα·

630 BCE – 570 BCE, Sappho, Collected Works 47

3rd century BCE, Erinna, SHell. 401.41

Cyranides 2.31.21

τὴν Γελλὼ τὴν πνίγουσαν τὰ βρέφη καὶ τὰς λεχοὺς ἐνοχλοῦσαν

tḕn Gellṑ tḕn pnígousan tà bréphē kaì tàs lekhoùs enokhloûsan

c. 117 CE – 138 CE, Zenobius, The Proverbs of Zenobius 3.3

Gello (a kind of vampiress, demoness, or goblin supposed to carry off young children and cause infertility)

Assyro-Babylonian religion
Gallu
Martin Litchfield West
Walter Burkert


ἰχθυοκένταυρος

grc-noun

ἰχθῠοκένταυρος

ἰχθῠοκενταῦρου

ἰχθῠοκένταυρος • (ikhthŭokéntauros) m or f (genitive ἰχθῠοκενταῦρου); second declension

ἰχθῠοκένταυρος (canonical)
ikhthŭokéntauros (romanization)
ἰχθῠοκενταῦρου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ἰχθῠοκένταυρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰχθῠοκενταύρω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ἰχθῠοκένταυροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ἰχθῠοκενταύρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰχθῠοκενταύροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰχθῠοκενταύρων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ἰχθῠοκενταύρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰχθῠοκενταύροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ἰχθῠοκενταύροις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ἰχθῠοκένταυρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰχθῠοκενταύρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ἰχθῠοκενταύρους (accusative plural)
ἰχθῠοκένταυρε (singular vocative)
ἰχθῠοκενταύρω (dual vocative)
ἰχθῠοκένταυροι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἰχθῠοκένταυρος

desc

ιχθυοκένταυρος

Greek: ιχθυοκένταυρος (ichthyokéntavros)

Latin: ichthyocentaurus

From ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”) + κένταυρος (kéntauros, “monsters of double shape”).


κάμπος

grc-noun

κάμπος • (kámpos) n (genitive κάμπεος or κάμπους); third declension

kámpos (romanization)
κάμπεος (genitive)
κάμπους (genitive)
τὸ κᾰ́μπος (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́μπεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́μπεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰ́μπεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰμπέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰμπέων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰ́μπεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰμπέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰ́μπεσῐ (dative plural)
κᾰ́μπεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kắmpesĭ (dative plural)
toîs kắmpesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰ́μπος (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́μπεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́μπεᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾰ́μπος (singular vocative)
κᾰ́μπεε (dual vocative)
κᾰ́μπεᾰ (plural vocative)
τὸ κᾰ́μπος (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́μπει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́μπη (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰ́μπους (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰμποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰμπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰ́μπει (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰμποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰ́μπεσῐ (dative plural)
κᾰ́μπεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kắmpesĭ (dative plural)
toîs kắmpesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰ́μπος (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́μπει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰ́μπη (accusative plural)
κᾰ́μπος (singular vocative)
κᾰ́μπει (dual vocative)
κᾰ́μπη (plural vocative)


ἱππόκαμπος

ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπου

ῐ̔ππόκᾰμπος • (hĭppókămpos) m (genitive ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπου); second declension

ῐ̔ππόκᾰμπος (canonical)
hĭppókămpos (romanization)
ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπου (genitive)
ὁ ῐ̔ππόκᾰμπος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῐ̔ππόκᾰμποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μποις (dative plural)
τὸν ῐ̔ππόκᾰμπον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔ππόκᾰμπε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔πποκᾰ́μπω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔ππόκᾰμποι (plural vocative)

Greek: ιππόκαμπος (ippókampos)

desctree

→ Latin: hippocampus
→ Catalan: hipocamp
→ English: hippocampus
→ French: hippocampe
→ German: Hippokamp
→ Italian: ippocampo
→ Portuguese: hipocampo
→ Romanian: hipocamp
→ Spanish: hipocampo

→ Translingual: Hippocampus

From ῐ̔́ππος (hĭ́ppos, “horse”) + κάμπος (kámpos, “sea-monster”).

af

(mythology) monster with the body of a horse and the tail of a fish, hippocampus


τραγέλαφος

grc-noun

τρᾰγέλᾰφος • (trăgélăphos) m (genitive τρᾰγελᾰ́φου); second declension

τρᾰγέλᾰφος (canonical)
trăgélăphos (romanization)
τρᾰγελᾰ́φου (genitive)
ὁ τρᾰγέλᾰφος (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ τρᾰγέλᾰφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρᾰγελᾰ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγελᾰ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰγελᾰ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρᾰγελᾰ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγελᾰ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρᾰγελᾰ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν τρᾰγέλᾰφον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρᾰγελᾰ́φους (accusative plural)
τρᾰγέλᾰφε (singular vocative)
τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (dual vocative)
τρᾰγέλᾰφοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: tragelaphus

→ Translingual: Tragelaphus

From τράγος (trágos, “billy goat”) + ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”).


ἀνθόλοψ

Some of the descendants have mistakenly read αν- (an-) as αυ- (au-).

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܘܬܘܠܘܦܣ (/ˀwtwlwps/)

→ Medieval Latin: antalopus, anthalopus, antilops, authalopum, antaplon, aptalon, analopos

→ English: antelope

desctree

→ French: antilope
→ Catalan: antílop
→ Dutch: antilope
→ German: Antilope
Greek: αντιλόπη (antilópi)
→ Russian: антило́па (antilópa)
→ Georgian: ანტილოპა (anṭiloṗa)

→ Old Armenian: աւթողոփոս (awtʻołopʻos)
→ Old Georgian: ავთოლოფოსი (avtoloposi)

The origin is unknown. The word superficially resembles ᾰ̓́νθος (ắnthos) + ὤψ (ṓps) and some older authorities suggested this as the etymology, but there is reason to think it is instead a corruption of some other, possibly foreign, word.

unk

unknown

Ἔστι ζῶον, λεγόμενον ἀνθόλοψ (var. λυθίωψ). δριμύτατον ζῶον σφόδρα, ὥστε κυνηγὸν μὴ δύνασθαι αὐτᾠ ἐγγίζειν. ἔχει δὲ μακρὰ κέρατα, πρίονος μορφὴν, ὥστε πρίζειν τὰ μεγάλα δένδρα και μετέωρα.
Ésti zôon, legómenon anthólops (var. luthíōps). drimútaton zôon sphódra, hṓste kunēgòn mḕ dúnasthai autōi engízein. ékhei dè makrà kérata, príonos morphḕn, hṓste prízein tà megála déndra kai metéōra.

There is an animal called antelope, an exceedingly alert animal; until the hunters are unable to approach it. It has long horns in the shape of a saw, so that it is able to saw very large and high trees.

antelope (a fierce legendary creature said to live on the banks of the Euphrates, having long serrated horns and being hard to catch)


ἀσπιδοχελώνη

grc-noun

ἀσπιδοχελώνης

ἀσπιδοχελώνη • (aspidokhelṓnē) f (genitive ἀσπιδοχελώνης); first declension

aspidokhelṓnē (romanization)
ἀσπιδοχελώνης (genitive)

desc

ασπιδοχελώνη

Greek: ασπιδοχελώνη (aspidochelóni)

→ Medieval Latin: aspidochelon

→ Old English: Fastitocalon

desctree

→ Old Armenian: վահանակրեայ (vahanakreay) (calque)
→ Old Georgian: ვაჰანაკრაჲ (vahanaḳray)

ἀσπίς (aspís, “shield”) + χελώνη (khelṓnē, “tortoise”)

af

2nd–4th centuries AD, Physiologus 20.2


βούτραγος

grc-noun

βούτρᾰγος • (boútrăgos) m (genitive βουτρᾰ́γου); second declension

βούτρᾰγος (canonical)
boútrăgos (romanization)
βουτρᾰ́γου (genitive)
ὁ βούτρᾰγος (nominative singular)
τὼ βουτρᾰ́γω (dual nominative)
οἱ βούτρᾰγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουτρᾰ́γου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουτρᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουτρᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουτρᾰ́γῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουτρᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουτρᾰ́γοις (dative plural)
τὸν βούτρᾰγον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουτρᾰ́γω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουτρᾰ́γους (accusative plural)
βούτρᾰγε (singular vocative)
βουτρᾰ́γω (dual vocative)
βούτρᾰγοι (plural vocative)

From βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + τράγος (trágos, “goat”).


ξάνδαρος

grc-noun

ξᾰ́νδᾰρος • (xắndăros) m (genitive ξᾰνδᾰ́ρου); second declension

ξᾰ́νδᾰρος (canonical)
xắndăros (romanization)
ξᾰνδᾰ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ ξᾰ́νδᾰρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ξᾰνδᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ξᾰ́νδᾰροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξᾰνδᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ξᾰνδᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ξᾰνδᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ξᾰνδᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ξᾰνδᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξᾰνδᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν ξᾰ́νδᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ξᾰνδᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ξᾰνδᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
ξᾰ́νδᾰρε (singular vocative)
ξᾰνδᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
ξᾰ́νδᾰροι (plural vocative)


Λάδων

grc-proper noun

Λᾰ́δων • (Lắdōn) m (genitive Λᾰ́δωνος); third declension

Λᾰ́δων (canonical)
Lắdōn (romanization)
Λᾰ́δωνος (genitive)
ὁ Λᾰ́δων (nominative singular)
τοῦ Λᾰ́δωνος (genitive singular)
τῷ Λᾰ́δωνῐ (dative singular)
τὸν Λᾰ́δωνᾰ (accusative singular)
Λᾰ́δων (singular vocative)

Greek: Λάδωνας (Ládonas)

→ Latin: Ladōn

→ English: Ladon

→ Italian: Ladone

(Greek mythology) the god of this river and father of Daphne


πέλωρ

→ Latin: peloria

→ English: peloria

→ Italian: Peloro

→ Sicilian: Piluru

Unknown. See πελώριος (pelṓrios) for more.

(mythology) a monster or unusually big animal, such as the Cyclops, Gorgon, or a large stag


πέλωρον

grc-noun

πέλωρον • (pélōron) n (genitive πελώρου); second declension

pélōron (romanization)
πελώρου (genitive)
τὸ πέλωρον (nominative singular)
τὼ πελώρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πέλωρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πελώρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πελώροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πελώρων (genitive plural)
τῷ πελώρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πελώροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πελώροις (dative plural)
τὸ πέλωρον (accusative singular)
τὼ πελώρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πέλωρᾰ (accusative plural)
πέλωρον (singular vocative)
πελώρω (dual vocative)
πέλωρᾰ (plural vocative)

(mythology) Synonym of πέλωρ (pélōr, “monster, freak”)