αὐχήν

grc-noun

αὐχήν • (aukhḗn) m (genitive αὐχένος); third declension

aukhḗn (romanization)
αὐχένος (genitive)
ὁ αὐχήν (nominative singular)
τὼ αὐχένε (dual nominative)
οἱ αὐχένες (nominative plural)
τοῦ αὐχένος (genitive singular)
τοῖν αὐχένοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αὐχένων (genitive plural)
τῷ αὐχένῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν αὐχένοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αὐχέσῐ (dative plural)
αὐχέσῐν (dative plural)
toîs aukhési (dative plural)
toîs aukhésin (dative plural)
τὸν αὐχένᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ αὐχένε (accusative dual)
τοὺς αὐχένᾰς (accusative plural)
αὐχήν (singular vocative)
αὐχένε (dual vocative)
αὐχένες (plural vocative)

Greek: αυχένας (afchénas)

According to Beekes, the -ήν suffix renders a Pre-Greek source tentatively reconstructed as *ankʷēn.


ὄμμα

ὄμμᾰ • (ómma) n (genitive ὄμμᾰτος); third declension

ὄμμᾰ (canonical)
ómma (romanization)
ὄμμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ὄμμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄμμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὄμμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄμμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀμμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀμμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄμμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀμμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄμμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ὄμμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ómmasi (dative plural)
toîs ómmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ὄμμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄμμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὄμμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὄμμᾰ (singular vocative)
ὄμμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ὄμμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: μάτιν (mátin)

Greek: μάτι (máti)

From Proto-Hellenic *ókʷmə (“look, glance”), from the radical *ὀπ- (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye”)) + -μα (-ma), with regressive assimilation (compare the Aeolic form, with progressive assimilation).

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 5.56

472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 169

497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 203

(chiefly poetic) eye
(generally) light
(figuratively) that which brings light


αἱματόεις

αἱμᾰτόεις (canonical)
haimatóeis (romanization)
αἱμᾰτόεσσᾰ (feminine)
αἱμᾰτόεν (neuter)
αἱμᾰτόεις (masculine nominative singular)
αἱμᾰτόεσσᾰ (feminine nominative singular)
αἱμᾰτόεν (neuter nominative singular)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (dual masculine nominative)
αἱμᾰτοέσσᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (dual neuter nominative)
αἱμᾰτόεντες (masculine nominative plural)
αἱμᾰτόεσσαι (feminine nominative plural)
αἱμᾰτόεντᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
αἱμᾰτόεντος (genitive masculine singular)
αἱμᾰτοέσσης (feminine genitive singular)
αἱμᾰτόεντος (genitive neuter singular)
αἱμᾰτοέντοιν (dual genitive masculine)
αἱμᾰτοέσσαιν (dual feminine genitive)
αἱμᾰτοέντοιν (dual genitive neuter)
αἱμᾰτοέντων (genitive masculine plural)
αἱμᾰτοεσσῶν (feminine genitive plural)
αἱμᾰτοέντων (genitive neuter plural)
αἱμᾰτόεντῐ (dative masculine singular)
αἱμᾰτοέσσῃ (dative feminine singular)
αἱμᾰτόεντῐ (dative neuter singular)
αἱμᾰτοέντοιν (dative dual masculine)
αἱμᾰτοέσσαιν (dative dual feminine)
αἱμᾰτοέντοιν (dative dual neuter)
αἱμᾰτόεισῐ (dative masculine plural)
αἱμᾰτόεισῐν (dative masculine plural)
haimatóeisi (dative masculine plural)
haimatóeisin (dative masculine plural)
αἱμᾰτοέσσαις (dative feminine plural)
αἱμᾰτόεισῐ (dative neuter plural)
αἱμᾰτόεισῐν (dative neuter plural)
haimatóeisi (dative neuter plural)
haimatóeisin (dative neuter plural)
αἱμᾰτόεντᾰ (accusative masculine singular)
αἱμᾰτόεσσᾰν (accusative feminine singular)
αἱμᾰτόεν (accusative neuter singular)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (accusative dual masculine)
αἱμᾰτοέσσᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (accusative dual neuter)
αἱμᾰτόεντᾰς (accusative masculine plural)
αἱμᾰτοέσσᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
αἱμᾰτόεντᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
αἱμᾰτόεν (masculine singular vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεσσᾰ (feminine singular vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεν (neuter singular vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (dual masculine vocative)
αἱμᾰτοέσσᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεντε (dual neuter vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεντες (masculine plural vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεσσαι (feminine plural vocative)
αἱμᾰτόεντᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
αἱμᾰτοέντως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
αἱμᾰτοέστερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
αἱμᾰτοέστᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) + -εις (-eis, adjectival suffix).

suffix

αἱματόεσσα δὲ χεὶρ πεδίῳ πέσε· ...

and the arm dropped to the ground bleeding

covered or mingled with blood, bloody, bloodstained, bleeding


κτείς

grc-noun

κτείς • (kteís) m (genitive κτενός); third declension

kteís (romanization)
κτενός (genitive)
ὁ κτείς (nominative singular)
τὼ κτένε (dual nominative)
οἱ κτένες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κτενός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κτενοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κτενῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κτενῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κτενοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κτεσῐ́ (dative plural)
κτεσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs ktesí (dative plural)
toîs ktesín (dative plural)
τὸν κτένᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κτένε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κτένᾰς (accusative plural)
κτείς (singular vocative)
κτένε (dual vocative)
κτένες (plural vocative)

⇒ Koine Greek: κτένιον (kténion) (diminutive)

desc

Byzantine Greek: κτένιν (kténin), κτένι (kténi), χτένι (khténi)

⇒ Greek: χτένα (chténa) (with gender shift), χτένι (chténi)

→ Translingual: cteno-

From Proto-Indo-European *pḱtén-s (“comb”), a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *peḱ- (“to pluck”). Cognate with Latin pecten, Persian شانه (šâne).


μύξα

grc-noun

μῠ́ξᾰ • (múxa) f (genitive μῠ́ξης); first declension

μῠ́ξᾰ (canonical)
múxa (romanization)
μῠ́ξης (genitive)
ἡ μῠ́ξᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ξᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μῠ́ξαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μῠ́ξης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́ξαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠξῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μῠ́ξῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́ξαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μῠ́ξαις (dative plural)
τὴν μῠ́ξᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ξᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μῠ́ξᾱς (accusative plural)
μῠ́ξᾰ (singular vocative)
μῠ́ξᾱ (dual vocative)
μῠ́ξαι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slip, slime”). Cognates include μύκης (múkēs, “mushroom”), μύσσομαι (mússomai, “to blow the nose”) and Latin mucus.


σάκκος

grc-noun

σᾰ́κκος • (sákkos) m (genitive σᾰ́κκου); second declension

σᾰ́κκος (canonical)
sákkos (romanization)
σᾰ́κκου (genitive)
ὁ σᾰ́κκος (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κκω (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾰ́κκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰ́κκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰ́κκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰ́κκων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰ́κκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰ́κκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰ́κκοις (dative plural)
τὸν σᾰ́κκον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾰ́κκους (accusative plural)
σᾰ́κκε (singular vocative)
σᾰ́κκω (dual vocative)
σᾰ́κκοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σάκος (sákos)

→ Latin: saccus (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Mingrelian: საკი (saḳi), სააკი (saaḳi)

Most likely borrowed from Semitic, possibly from Phoenician. Compare Hebrew שַׂק, Imperial Aramaic 𐡔𐡒 (šq), Talmudic Aramaic סַקָּא, Classical Syriac ܣܩܐ, Ge'ez ሠቅ (śäḳ), Akkadian 𒆭𒊓 (/šaqqu/), Egyptian sꜣgꜣ. The word is a widely-borrowed Mediterranean Kulturwort.
Černý and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of sꜣq (“to gather or put together”) that also yielded Coptic ⲥⲟⲕ (sok, “sackcloth”) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *סַק rather than שַׂק. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian sꜣgꜣ.

anything made of coarse cloth:
sack, bag

anything made of coarse cloth:
sieve, strainer

coarse garment, sackcloth, worn as mourning by the Jews

(Christianity) sackcloth vestment, penitential garb

anything made of coarse cloth:
sackcloth vestment, penitential garb


σφενδόνη

grc-noun

σφενδόνη • (sphendónē) f (genitive σφενδόνης); first declension

sphendónē (romanization)
σφενδόνης (genitive)
ἡ σφενδόνη (nominative singular)
τὼ σφενδόνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σφενδόναι (nominative plural)
τῆς σφενδόνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφενδόναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφενδονῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σφενδόνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφενδόναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφενδόναις (dative plural)
τὴν σφενδόνην (accusative singular)
τὼ σφενδόνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφενδόνᾱς (accusative plural)
σφενδόνη (singular vocative)
σφενδόνᾱ (dual vocative)
σφενδόναι (plural vocative)

Greek: σφεντόνα (sfentóna)

Often connected with σφεδανός (sphedanós), σφοδρός (sphodrós), σφαδάζω (sphadázō), and Sanskrit स्पन्दते (spandate, “to vibrate, tremble, quake”), as well as with Latin funda (“sling”), with formation structure similar to that of ἀγχόνη (ankhónē), βελόνη (belónē), and περόνη (perónē). The similarity with the Latin term suggests a Mediterranean, Anatolian, and/or Pre-Greek borrowing for both.

cog

460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On the Diseases of Women 2.144

50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Fasc. 48

anything fundiform:
(medicine) a sling:
a suspensory abdominal bandage

anything fundiform:
a sling:
a suspensory abdominal bandage


πύον

grc-noun

πῠ́ον • (púon) n (genitive πῠ́ου); second declension

πῠ́ον (canonical)
púon (romanization)
πῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ πῠ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ πῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πῠ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πῠ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ πῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πῠ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
πῠ́ον (singular vocative)
πῠ́ω (dual vocative)
πῠ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πύον (pýon)

English: pyo-

From Proto-Indo-European *puH- (“rotten, foul”), the same root of πύθομαι (púthomai, “to putrify, decay”) and πῡός (pūós, “beestings, colostrum”). Other Indo-European cognates are Latin pūs (“pus”), Proto-Germanic *fūlaz (“foul”), Sanskrit पुवस् (puvas, “purulent matter”) and Old Armenian փուտ (pʻut, “rottenness, putrefaction”).


νῶτον

grc-noun

νῶτον • (nôton) n (genitive νώτου); second declension

nôton (romanization)
νώτου (genitive)
τὸ νῶτον (nominative singular)
τὼ νώτω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νώτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νώτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νώτων (genitive plural)
τῷ νώτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νώτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νώτοις (dative plural)
τὸ νῶτον (accusative singular)
τὼ νώτω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ (accusative plural)
νῶτον (singular vocative)
νώτω (dual vocative)
νῶτᾰ (plural vocative)

English: noto-

Greek: νώτα (nóta) (plurale tantum)

There are no obvious cognates. If connected with Latin natis (“rump”), it can be either assumed a derivation from an old Proto-Indo-European root noun *n(e)h₃t- or a root *nh₂t-, which became thematicized in Greek.


μέτωπον

μέτωπον • (métōpon) n (genitive μετώπου); second declension

métōpon (romanization)
μετώπου (genitive)
τὸ μέτωπον (nominative singular)
τὼ μετώπω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μέτωπᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μετώπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μετώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μετώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ μετώπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μετώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μετώποις (dative plural)
τὸ μέτωπον (accusative singular)
τὼ μετώπω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μέτωπᾰ (accusative plural)
μέτωπον (singular vocative)
μετώπω (dual vocative)
μέτωπᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: μέτωπο (métopo)

μετα- (meta-, “between”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”)


βλέφαρον

grc-noun

βλέφᾰρον • (blépharon) n (genitive βλεφάρου); second declension

βλέφᾰρον (canonical)
blépharon (romanization)
βλεφάρου (genitive)
τὸ βλέφᾰρον (nominative singular)
τὼ βλεφᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βλέφᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βλεφᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βλεφᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βλεφᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ βλεφᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βλεφᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βλεφᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ βλέφᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ βλεφᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βλέφᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
βλέφᾰρον (singular vocative)
βλεφᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
βλέφᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)
βλέφᾰρον (nominative singular)
βλεφᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
βλέφᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
βλεφᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
βλεφᾰροῖο (genitive singular)
βλεφᾰ́ροιο (genitive singular)
βλεφᾰρόο (genitive singular)
βλεφᾰ́ροο (genitive singular)
βλεφᾰ́ροιῐν (dual genitive)
βλεφᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
βλεφᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
βλεφᾰ́ροιῐν (dative dual)
βλεφᾰ́ροισῐ (dative plural)
βλεφᾰ́ροισῐν (dative plural)
βλεφᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
blephároisi (dative plural)
blephároisin (dative plural)
blephárois (dative plural)
βλέφᾰρον (accusative singular)
βλεφᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
βλέφᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
βλέφᾰρον (singular vocative)
βλεφᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
βλέφᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: βλέφαρο (vléfaro)

→ Latin: blepharon

→ English: blepharon

According to Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin and cognate with βλέπω (blépō, “to see, to perceive”). Hamp had suggested Proto-Indo-European *gʷlep- (“to look”).


γένειον

γένειον • (géneion) n (genitive γενείου); second declension

géneion (romanization)
γενείου (genitive)
τὸ γένειον (nominative singular)
τὼ γενείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γένειᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γενείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γενείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γενείων (genitive plural)
τῷ γενείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γενείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γενείοις (dative plural)
τὸ γένειον (accusative singular)
τὼ γενείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γένειᾰ (accusative plural)
γένειον (singular vocative)
γενείω (dual vocative)
γένειᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: γένι (géni)

⇒ Latin: genīoglōssus

→ English: genioglossus

From Proto-Hellenic *génewyom, from the root of γένῠς (génus, “jaw, mouth”).


κόμη

κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension

kómē (romanization)
κόμης (genitive)
ἡ κόμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κομῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς (accusative plural)
κόμη (singular vocative)
κόμᾱ (dual vocative)
κόμαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)

Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable. It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”).
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”).

unk

Not explained with certainty


σπλάγχνον

grc-noun

σπλᾰ́γχνον • (splánkhnon) n (genitive σπλᾰ́γχνου); second declension

σπλᾰ́γχνον (canonical)
splánkhnon (romanization)
σπλᾰ́γχνου (genitive)
τὸ σπλᾰ́γχνον (nominative singular)
τὼ σπλᾰ́γχνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σπλᾰ́γχνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπλᾰ́γχνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπλᾰ́γχνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπλᾰ́γχνων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπλᾰ́γχνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπλᾰ́γχνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπλᾰ́γχνοις (dative plural)
τὸ σπλᾰ́γχνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπλᾰ́γχνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σπλᾰ́γχνᾰ (accusative plural)
σπλᾰ́γχνον (singular vocative)
σπλᾰ́γχνω (dual vocative)
σπλᾰ́γχνᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σπλάχνο (spláchno)

Greek: ευσπλαχνία (efsplachnía)

(chiefly in the plural) bowels, guts, inward part, internal organ


τράχηλος

τρᾰ́χηλος • (trákhēlos) m (genitive τρᾰχήλου); second declension

τρᾰ́χηλος (canonical)
trákhēlos (romanization)
τρᾰχήλου (genitive)
ὁ τρᾰ́χηλος (nominative singular)
τοῦ τρᾰχήλου (genitive singular)
τῷ τρᾰχήλῳ (dative singular)
τὸν τρᾰ́χηλον (accusative singular)
τρᾰ́χηλε (singular vocative)
τᾰ̀ τρᾰ́χηλᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν τρᾰχήλων (genitive plural)
τοῖς τρᾰχήλοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ τρᾰ́χηλᾰ (accusative plural)
τρᾰ́χηλᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: trachelo-

Unknown. Suggested as a Pre-Greek substrate word by Beekes.
Compare θώραξ.


πυρρός

πῠρρός (canonical)
purrhós (romanization)
πῠρρᾱ́ (feminine)
πῠρρόν (neuter)
πῠρρός (masculine nominative singular)
πῠρρᾱ́ (feminine nominative singular)
πῠρρόν (neuter nominative singular)
πῠρρώ (dual masculine nominative)
πῠρρᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
πῠρρώ (dual neuter nominative)
πῠρροί (masculine nominative plural)
πῠρραί (feminine nominative plural)
πῠρρᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
πῠρροῦ (genitive masculine singular)
πῠρρᾶς (feminine genitive singular)
πῠρροῦ (genitive neuter singular)
πῠρροῖν (dual genitive masculine)
πῠρραῖν (dual feminine genitive)
πῠρροῖν (dual genitive neuter)
πῠρρῶν (genitive masculine plural)
πῠρρῶν (feminine genitive plural)
πῠρρῶν (genitive neuter plural)
πῠρρῷ (dative masculine singular)
πῠρρᾷ (dative feminine singular)
πῠρρῷ (dative neuter singular)
πῠρροῖν (dative dual masculine)
πῠρραῖν (dative dual feminine)
πῠρροῖν (dative dual neuter)
πῠρροῖς (dative masculine plural)
πῠρραῖς (dative feminine plural)
πῠρροῖς (dative neuter plural)
πῠρρόν (accusative masculine singular)
πῠρρᾱ́ν (accusative feminine singular)
πῠρρόν (accusative neuter singular)
πῠρρώ (accusative dual masculine)
πῠρρᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
πῠρρώ (accusative dual neuter)
πῠρρούς (accusative masculine plural)
πῠρρᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
πῠρρᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
πῠρρέ (masculine singular vocative)
πῠρρᾱ́ (feminine singular vocative)
πῠρρόν (neuter singular vocative)
πῠρρώ (dual masculine vocative)
πῠρρᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
πῠρρώ (dual neuter vocative)
πῠρροί (masculine plural vocative)
πῠρραί (feminine plural vocative)
πῠρρᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
πῠρρῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
πῠρρότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
πῠρρότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

→ Latin: burrus


κίκιννος

κῐ́κῐννος • (kíkinnos) m (genitive κῐκῐ́ννου); second declension

κῐ́κῐννος (canonical)
kíkinnos (romanization)
κῐκῐ́ννου (genitive)
ὁ κῐ́κῐννος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐκῐ́ννω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῐ́κῐννοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῐκῐ́ννου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐκῐ́ννοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐκῐ́ννων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῐκῐ́ννῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐκῐ́ννοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῐκῐ́ννοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῐ́κῐννον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐκῐ́ννω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῐκῐ́ννους (accusative plural)
κῐ́κῐννε (singular vocative)
κῐκῐ́ννω (dual vocative)
κῐ́κῐννοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cincinnus

Italian: cincinno

Unknown. A prenasalized *κίγκιννος (*kínkinnos) is assumed source of Latin cincinnus.


κῆπος

κῆπος • (kêpos) m (genitive κήπου); second declension

kêpos (romanization)
κήπου (genitive)
ὁ κῆπος (nominative singular)
τὼ κήπω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῆποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κήπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κήποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κήπων (genitive plural)
τῷ κήπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κήποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κήποις (dative plural)
τὸν κῆπον (accusative singular)
τὼ κήπω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κήπους (accusative plural)
κῆπε (singular vocative)
κήπω (dual vocative)
κῆποι (plural vocative)

Greek: κήπος (kípos)

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂po- (“land, garden”), which seems to be from *keh₂p- (“to seize”) (though Beekes is skeptical of this relation and tentatively separates the two). Almost identical in formation (except for the ending) to Proto-Germanic *hōbō (“piece of land”) (< *keh₂p-h₂); Albanian kopsht (“garden”) is another cognate. More distant connections include Latin capiō (“to seize, capture”), while κάπετος (kápetos, “ditch, trench”) and Old High German habaro (“oats”) are probably not related.

der

Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers, 2,116, R.D. Hicks, 1925.
καὶ μέντοι τοὺς Ἀρεοπαγίτας εὐθέως αὐτὸν κελεῦσαι τῆς πόλεως ἐξελθεῖν. ὅτε καὶ Θεόδωρον τὸν ἐπίκλην θεὸν ἐπισκώπτοντα εἰπεῖν, “πόθεν δὲ τοῦτ’ ᾔδει Στίλπων; ἢ ἀνασύρας αὐτῆς τὸν κῆπον ἐθεάσατο;”
kaì méntoi toùs Areopagítas euthéōs autòn keleûsai tês póleōs exeltheîn. hóte kaì Theódōron tòn epíklēn theòn episkṓptonta eipeîn, “póthen dè toût’ ḗidei Stílpōn? ḕ anasúras autês tòn kêpon etheásato?”

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


μυκτήρ

grc-noun

μῠκτήρ • (muktḗr) m (genitive μῠκτῆρος); third declension

μῠκτήρ (canonical)
muktḗr (romanization)
μῠκτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ μῠκτήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠκτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠκτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠκτῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠκτήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠκτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠκτῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠκτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠκτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
μῠκτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs muktêrsi (dative plural)
toîs muktêrsin (dative plural)
τὸν μῠκτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠκτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠκτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠκτήρ (singular vocative)
μῠκτῆρε (dual vocative)
μῠκτῆρες (plural vocative)

Greek: μυκτήρ (myktír)

From μύσσομαι (mússomai, “to blow the nose”) + -τήρ (-tḗr). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slip, slime”), the same root of μύκης (múkēs, “mushroom”), μύξα (múxa, “mucus, slime”) and Latin mucus.


πομφός

grc-noun

πομφός • (pomphós) m (genitive πομφοῦ); second declension

pomphós (romanization)
πομφοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πομφός (nominative singular)
τὼ πομφώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πομφοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πομφοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πομφοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πομφῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πομφῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πομφοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πομφοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πομφόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πομφώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πομφούς (accusative plural)
πομφέ (singular vocative)
πομφώ (dual vocative)
πομφοί (plural vocative)

Greek: πομφός (pomfós)

→ Italian: pomfo

Cognate with πέμφιξ (pémphix, “pustule”) and πομφόλυξ (pomphólux, “blister, bubble”). According to Beekes, they are all Pre-Greek words.

καταπίμπλαται πομφῶν ― katapímplatai pomphôn ― it is filled with 'blisters
Hippocrates (460‑377 B.C.E.), De Morbis, Lib. II.)


στέρνον

στέρνον • (stérnon) n (genitive στέρνου); second declension

stérnon (romanization)
στέρνου (genitive)
τὸ στέρνον (nominative singular)
τὼ στέρνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στέρνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στέρνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στέρνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στέρνων (genitive plural)
τῷ στέρνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στέρνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στέρνοις (dative plural)
τὸ στέρνον (accusative singular)
τὼ στέρνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στέρνᾰ (accusative plural)
στέρνον (singular vocative)
στέρνω (dual vocative)
στέρνᾰ (plural vocative)
στέρνον (nominative singular)
στέρνω (dual nominative)
στέρνᾰ (nominative plural)
στέρνου (genitive singular)
στερνοῖο (genitive singular)
στέρνοιο (genitive singular)
στερνόο (genitive singular)
στέρνοο (genitive singular)
στέρνοιῐν (dual genitive)
στέρνων (genitive plural)
στέρνῳ (dative singular)
στέρνοιῐν (dative dual)
στέρνοισῐ (dative plural)
στέρνοισῐν (dative plural)
στέρνοις (dative plural)
stérnoisi (dative plural)
stérnoisin (dative plural)
stérnois (dative plural)
στέρνον (accusative singular)
στέρνω (accusative dual)
στέρνᾰ (accusative plural)
στέρνον (singular vocative)
στέρνω (dual vocative)
στέρνᾰ (plural vocative)

→ New Latin: sternum

→ Czech: sternum

→ English: sternum

→ French: sternum

Greek: στέρνο (stérno)

→ Spanish: esternón

From Proto-Indo-European *stér(h₃)-no-m, from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to be broad, spread out”). Cognate with Proto-West Germanic *stirniju (“forehead”).


ῥάχις

grc-noun

ῥάχῐς • (rhákhis) f (genitive ῥάχῐος or ῥάχεως); third declension

ῥάχῐς (canonical)
rhákhis (romanization)
ῥάχῐος (genitive)
ῥάχεως (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰ́χῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́χει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰ́χεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥάχῐος (genitive singular)
ῥάχεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰ́χεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥάχει (dative singular)
ῥάχῑ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰ́χεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́χεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs rhákhesi (dative plural)
taîs rhákhesin (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰ́χῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́χει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́χεις (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́χῐ (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́χει (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́χεις (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ῥάχῐος/ῥάχεως

Greek: ράχη (ráchi)

→ English: rachis

→ Italian: rachide

According to Beekes of Pre-Greek origin or related to Lithuanian ražis (“stubble”). Compare ῥαχός (rhakhós, “thorn hedge”).


κυβάβδα

head

κυβάβδα • (kubábda)

According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek, due to the presence of the cluster -βδ.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).


πτύσμα

grc-noun

πτύσμᾰ • (ptúsma) n (genitive πτύσμᾰτος); third declension

πτύσμᾰ (canonical)
ptúsma (romanization)
πτύσμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πτῠ́σμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ πτῠ́σμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτῠ́σμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτῠ́σμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτῠσμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτῠσμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πτῠ́σμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτῠσμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτῠ́σμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πτῠ́σμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ptúsmasi (dative plural)
toîs ptúsmasin (dative plural)
τὸ πτῠ́σμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πτῠ́σμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτῠ́σμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πτῠ́σμᾰ (singular vocative)
πτῠ́σμᾰτε (dual vocative)
πτῠ́σμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From πτύω (ptúō, “to spit”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


ἄχωρ

ἄχωρ • (ákhōr) m (genitive ἄχορος); third declension

ákhōr (romanization)
ἄχορος (genitive)
ὁ ἄχωρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἄχορε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄχορες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἄχορος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀχόροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀχόρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἄχορῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀχόροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἄχορσῐ (dative plural)
ἄχορσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ákhorsi (dative plural)
toîs ákhorsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἄχορᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἄχορε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἄχορᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄχορ (singular vocative)
ἄχορε (dual vocative)
ἄχορες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: achōr

According to Beekes, the connection with ἄχυρον (ákhuron, “chaff”) is proven by the glosses. The vocalic interchange points to a Pre-Greek origin.


μύσταξ

μύστᾰξ • (mústax) m (genitive μύστᾰκος); third declension

μύστᾰξ (canonical)
mústax (romanization)
μύστᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́στᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́στᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́στᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠστᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠστᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́στᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠστᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́στᾰξῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́στᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs mústaxi (dative plural)
toîs mústaxin (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́στᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́στᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́στᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́στᾰξ (singular vocative)
μῠ́στᾰκε (dual vocative)
μῠ́στᾰκες (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ Byzantine Greek: μουστάκιον (moustákion)

Greek: μουστάκι (moustáki)

desctree

Pontic Greek: μουστάκιν (moustákin), μουστάκι (moustáki), μουστάκ' (mousták')
→ Laz: მუსტაკი (musťaǩi), მუსტაჭი (musťaç̌i)

→ Medieval Latin: mustācium (see there for further descendants)

→ Sicilian: mustacchiu

→ Italian: mustacchio

→ English: mustachio

→⇒ English: mystacial

→⇒ French: mystaciale

According to Beekes, both the variants listed in the alternative forms section suggest a Pre-Greek origin.


ὄστλιγξ

grc-noun

ὄστλῐγξ • (óstlinx) f (genitive ὄστλῐγγος); third declension

ὄστλῐγξ (canonical)
óstlinx (romanization)
ὄστλῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ ὄστλῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄστλῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄστλῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄστλῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄστλῐγξῐ (dative plural)
ὄστλῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxi (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄστλῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄστλῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄστλῐγξ (singular vocative)
ὄστλῐγγε (dual vocative)
ὄστλῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to θῶμιγξ (thôminx), ἶλιγξ (îlinx) and στρόφιγξ (stróphinx). The presence of the variant shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.


σίαλον

σίᾰλον • (síalon) n (genitive σῐάλου); second declension

σίᾰλον (canonical)
síalon (romanization)
σῐάλου (genitive)
τὸ σῐ́ᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σῐ́ᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σῐ́ᾰλον (singular vocative)
σῐᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σῐ́ᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown. According to Beekes, probably an onomatopoeic word. Compare Latin salīva.


κόρυζα

κόρῡζᾰ • (kórūza) f (genitive κορῡ́ζης); first declension

κόρῡζᾰ (canonical)
kórūza (romanization)
κορῡ́ζης (genitive)
ἡ κόρῡζᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κορῡ́ζᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόρῡζαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορῡ́ζης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορῡ́ζαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορῡζῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορῡ́ζῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορῡ́ζαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορῡ́ζαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόρῡζᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κορῡ́ζᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορῡ́ζᾱς (accusative plural)
κόρῡζᾰ (singular vocative)
κορῡ́ζᾱ (dual vocative)
κόρῡζαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: corȳza

Traditionally compared to Old English hrot (“mucus”) but Beekes doesn't dismiss a Pre-Greek origin.


τύλη

τύλη • (túlē) f (genitive τύλης); first declension

túlē (romanization)
τύλης (genitive)
ἡ τύλη (nominative singular)
τὼ τύλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τύλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τύλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τύλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τύλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τύλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τύλαις (dative plural)
τὴν τύλην (accusative singular)
τὼ τύλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τύλᾱς (accusative plural)
τύλη (singular vocative)
τύλᾱ (dual vocative)
τύλαι (plural vocative)

Various cognates have been proposed:
* the Balto-Slavic group of Old Prussian tūlan (“many”), Lithuanian tūlas (“several”), tulìs (“nail on a car, plug”), Russian тул (tul, “neck”)
* the Germanic group of Old Norse þollr (“tree, peg”), English thole, Middle Low German dülle (“booty”)
* alternatively related to Latin tullius (“gush”), Welsh twl (“round elevation”), Albanian tul (“piece of meat without bone”), Ancient Greek σάλος (sálos, “gulf of waves”)
None of these Indo-European words is a close match for this word, so it may rather be of Pre-Greek origin.


πίτυρον

grc-noun

πίτῡρον • (pítūron) n (genitive πῐτῡ́ρου); second declension

πίτῡρον (canonical)
pítūron (romanization)
πῐτῡ́ρου (genitive)
τὸ πῐ́τῡρον (nominative singular)
τὼ πῐτῡ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πῐ́τῡρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῐτῡ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῐτῡ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῐτῡ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῐτῡ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῐτῡ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῐτῡ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ πῐ́τῡρον (accusative singular)
τὼ πῐτῡ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πῐ́τῡρᾰ (accusative plural)
πῐ́τῡρον (singular vocative)
πῐτῡ́ρω (dual vocative)
πῐ́τῡρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πίτουρο (pítouro)

The formation is like λέπυρον (lépuron), but without a certain explanation. It has been connected to Latin putus (“pure”), Sanskrit पूत (pūtá, “cleansed”) and Proto-Germanic *faujaną (“to sift”), but this is highly unlikely. Note the synonymous glosses πήτεα (pḗtea), πητῖται (pētîtai) which are connected with πῆν (pên). Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin in view of the suffix "-ῡρ-".


ἰκμάς

ἰκμᾰ́ς • (ikmás) f (genitive ἰκμᾰ́δος); third declension

ἰκμᾰ́ς (canonical)
ikmás (romanization)
ἰκμᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἰκμᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰκμᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἰκμᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἰκμᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰκμᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰκμᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἰκμᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰκμᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἰκμᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἰκμᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ikmási (dative plural)
taîs ikmásin (dative plural)
τὴν ἰκμᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰκμᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἰκμᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἰκμᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
ἰκμᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
ἰκμᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: ικμάδα (ikmáda)

From Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to filter”) and cognate with Old English sēon (“to filter”), Russian сцать (scatʹ, “to piss”) and Sanskrit सिञ्चति (siñcáti, “to pour”). Beekes suggests *seyk- as the original root.


μάσταξ

grc-noun

μάσταξ • (mástax) f (genitive μάστακος); third declension

mástax (romanization)
μάστακος (genitive)
ἡ μάσταξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μάστακε (dual nominative)
αἱ μάστακες (nominative plural)
τῆς μάστακος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαστάκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαστάκων (genitive plural)
τῇ μάστακῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαστάκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μάσταξῐ (dative plural)
μάσταξῐν (dative plural)
taîs mástaxi (dative plural)
taîs mástaxin (dative plural)
τὴν μάστακᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μάστακε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μάστακᾰς (accusative plural)
μάσταξ (singular vocative)
μάστακε (dual vocative)
μάστακες (plural vocative)

English: mastax

⇒ English: mastoid

→ Translingual: Mastax

According to Beekes, possibly of Pre-Greek origin and related to μασάομαι (masáomai) and μαστάζω (mastázō). The formation is similar to πόρταξ (pórtax) and μύλαξ (múlax).


φαρκίς

φαρκῑ́ς • (pharkī́s) f (genitive φαρκῖδος); third declension

φαρκῑ́ς (canonical)
pharkī́s (romanization)
φαρκῖδος (genitive)
ἡ φαρκῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ φαρκῖδε (dual nominative)
αἱ φαρκῖδες (nominative plural)
τῆς φαρκῖδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φαρκῑ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φαρκῑ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ φαρκῖδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φαρκῑ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φαρκῖσῐ (dative plural)
φαρκῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs pharkîsi (dative plural)
taîs pharkîsin (dative plural)
τὴν φαρκῖδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φαρκῖδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φαρκῖδᾰς (accusative plural)
φαρκῑ́ς (singular vocative)
φαρκῖδε (dual vocative)
φαρκῖδες (plural vocative)

The word has been compared with Latin fricō (“I rub, chafe”), Lithuanian brūkis (“stroke, line”) and braūkti (“to strike, rub”), but this is formally hardly possible. Possibly from Pre-Greek. The connection with φορκόν (phorkón, “grey; wrinkled”) is quite uncertain.


τένων

τένων • (ténōn) m (genitive τένοντος); third declension

ténōn (romanization)
τένοντος (genitive)
ὁ τένων (nominative singular)
τὼ τένοντε (dual nominative)
οἱ τένοντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τένοντος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τενόντοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τενόντων (genitive plural)
τῷ τένοντῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τενόντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τένουσῐ (dative plural)
τένουσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ténousi (dative plural)
toîs ténousin (dative plural)
τὸν τένοντᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τένοντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τένοντᾰς (accusative plural)
τένον (singular vocative)
τένοντε (dual vocative)
τένοντες (plural vocative)

Greek: τένοντας (ténontas)

→ Latin: tenōn

→ Middle English: thenoun

→ Medieval Latin: tendō

→ English: tendon

French: tendon

→ Turkish: tendon

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”); related to τείνω (teínō, “to stretch”).


μώλωψ

grc-noun

μώλωψ • (mṓlōps) m (genitive μώλωπος); third declension

mṓlōps (romanization)
μώλωπος (genitive)
ὁ μώλωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ μώλωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ μώλωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μώλωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μωλώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μωλώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ μώλωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μωλώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μώλωψῐ (dative plural)
μώλωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs mṓlōpsi (dative plural)
toîs mṓlōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν μώλωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μώλωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μώλωπᾰς (accusative plural)
μώλωψ (singular vocative)
μώλωπε (dual vocative)
μώλωπες (plural vocative)

Beekes dismisses a derivation from ὤψ (ṓps, “face”) and prefers to derive it from Pre-Greek, comparing other words ending in "-ωψ", like κύνωψ (kúnōps) and κώνωψ (kṓnōps).


κομάω

grc-verb

κομάω • (komáō)

komáō (romanization)
κομᾰ́ω (active first-person indicative singular)
κομᾰ́εις (active indicative second-person singular)
κομᾰ́ει (active indicative singular third-person)
κομᾰ́ετον (active dual indicative second-person)
κομᾰ́ετον (active dual indicative third-person)
κομᾰ́ομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
κομᾰ́ετε (active indicative plural second-person)
κομᾰ́ουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
κομᾰ́ουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
κομᾰ́ω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κομᾰ́ῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κομᾰ́ῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κομᾰ́ητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κομᾰ́ητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κομᾰ́ωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κομᾰ́ητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κομᾰ́ωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομᾰ́ωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομᾰ́οιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κομᾰ́οις (active optative second-person singular)
κομᾰ́οι (active optative singular third-person)
κομᾰ́οιτον (active dual optative second-person)
κομᾰοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
κομᾰ́οιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κομᾰ́οιτε (active optative plural second-person)
κομᾰ́οιεν (active optative plural third-person)
κόμᾰε (active imperative second-person singular)
κομᾰέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
κομᾰ́ετον (active dual imperative second-person)
κομᾰέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
κομᾰ́ετε (active imperative plural second-person)
κομᾰόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
κομᾰ́ειν (active infinitive)
κομόων (active masculine participle)
κομῶν (active masculine participle)
κομόωσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κομῶσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κομόον (active neuter participle)
κομοῦν (active neuter participle)
κομῶ (active first-person indicative singular)
κομᾷς (active indicative second-person singular)
κομᾷ (active indicative singular third-person)
κομᾶτον (active dual indicative second-person)
κομᾶτον (active dual indicative third-person)
κομῶμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
κομᾶτε (active indicative plural second-person)
κομῶσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
κομῶσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
κομῶ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κομᾷς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κομᾷ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κομᾶτον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κομᾶτον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κομῶμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κομᾶτε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κομῶσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομῶσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομῴην (active first-person optative singular)
κομῷμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κομῴης (active optative second-person singular)
κομῷς (active optative second-person singular)
κομῴη (active optative singular third-person)
κομῷ (active optative singular third-person)
κομῷτον (active dual optative second-person)
κομῴητον (active dual optative second-person)
κομῴτην (active dual optative third-person)
κομῳήτην (active dual optative third-person)
κομῷμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κομῴημεν (active first-person optative plural)
κομῷτε (active optative plural second-person)
κομῴητε (active optative plural second-person)
κομῷεν (active optative plural third-person)
κομῴησᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
κόμᾱ (active imperative second-person singular)
κομᾱ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
κομᾶτον (active dual imperative second-person)
κομᾱ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
κομᾶτε (active imperative plural second-person)
κομώντων (active imperative plural third-person)
κομᾶν (active infinitive)
κομόων (active masculine participle)
κομῶν (active masculine participle)
κομόωσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κομῶσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κομόον (active neuter participle)
κομοῦν (active neuter participle)
ἐκόμᾰον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐκόμᾰες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐκόμᾰε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκόμᾰεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκομᾰ́ετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκομᾰέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκομᾰ́ομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκομᾰ́ετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐκόμᾰον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐκόμων (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐκόμᾱς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐκόμᾱ (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκομᾶτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκομᾱ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκομῶμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκομᾶτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐκόμων (active indicative plural third-person)
κομήσω (active first-person indicative singular)
κομήσεις (active indicative second-person singular)
κομήσει (active indicative singular third-person)
κομήσετον (active dual indicative second-person)
κομήσετον (active dual indicative third-person)
κομήσομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
κομήσετε (active indicative plural second-person)
κομήσουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
κομήσουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
κομήσοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κομήσοις (active optative second-person singular)
κομήσοι (active optative singular third-person)
κομήσοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
κομησοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
κομήσοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κομήσοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
κομήσοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
κομήσειν (active infinitive singular)
κομήσων (active masculine participle singular)
κομήσουσᾰ (active feminine participle singular)
κομῆσον (active neuter participle singular)
ἐκόμησᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐκόμησᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐκόμησε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκόμησεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκομήσᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκομησᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκομήσᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκομήσᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐκόμησᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
κομήσω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κομήσῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κομήσῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κομήσητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κομήσητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κομήσωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κομήσητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κομήσωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομήσωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κομήσαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κομήσειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
κομήσαις (active optative second-person singular)
κομήσειε (active optative singular third-person)
κομήσειεν (active optative singular third-person)
κομήσαι (active optative singular third-person)
κομήσαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
κομησαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
κομήσαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κομήσαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
κομήσειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
κομήσαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
κόμησον (active imperative second-person singular)
κομησᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
κομήσᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
κομησᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
κομήσᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
κομησᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
κομῆσαι (active infinitive singular)
κομήσᾱς (active masculine participle singular)
κομήσᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle singular)
κομῆσᾰν (active neuter participle singular)

grc-conj

κομόων, κομῶν

κομόωσᾰ, κομῶσᾰ

κομόον, κομοῦν

κόμη (kómē) + -άω (-áō)

af

κόμη (kómē) + -άω (-áō)


ἰσθμός

grc-noun

ῐ̓σθμός • (isthmós) m (genitive ῐ̓σθμοῦ); second declension

ῐ̓σθμός (canonical)
isthmós (romanization)
ῐ̓σθμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ῐ̓σθμός (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓σθμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ῐ̓σθμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̓σθμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓σθμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓σθμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̓σθμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓σθμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̓σθμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ῐ̓σθμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓σθμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῐ̓σθμούς (accusative plural)
ῐ̓σθμέ (singular vocative)
ῐ̓σθμώ (dual vocative)
ῐ̓σθμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: ισθμός (isthmós)

→ Latin: isthmus

→ English: isthmus

→ French: isthme

→ Italian: istmo

A derivation from εἶμῐ (eîmi, “to go or come”) with a suffix -θμο- has been assumed, comparing also Old Norse eið (“isthmus”). However, the -σ- is unexplained, so the word could well be of Pre-Greek origin.

neck, narrow passage of the body
(anatomy) pharynx, fauces

neck, narrow passage of the body
pharynx, fauces


εὔκομος

eúkomos (romanization)
εὔκομον (neuter)
εὔκομος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
εὔκομον (neuter nominative singular)
εὐκόμω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
εὐκόμω (dual neuter nominative)
εὔκομοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
εὔκομᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
εὐκόμου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
εὐκόμου (genitive neuter singular)
εὐκόμοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
εὐκόμοιν (dual genitive neuter)
εὐκόμων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
εὐκόμων (genitive neuter plural)
εὐκόμῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
εὐκόμῳ (dative neuter singular)
εὐκόμοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
εὐκόμοιν (dative dual neuter)
εὐκόμοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
εὐκόμοις (dative neuter plural)
εὔκομον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
εὔκομον (accusative neuter singular)
εὐκόμω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
εὐκόμω (accusative dual neuter)
εὐκόμους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
εὔκομᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
εὔκομε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
εὔκομον (neuter singular vocative)
εὐκόμω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
εὐκόμω (dual neuter vocative)
εὔκομοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
εὔκομᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
εὐκόμως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
εὐκομώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
εὐκομώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)


αἱμάτινος

αἱμάτῐνος (canonical)
haimátinos (romanization)
αἱματίνη (feminine)
αἱμάτῐνον (neuter)
αἱμάτῐνος (masculine nominative singular)
αἱματῐ́νη (feminine nominative singular)
αἱμάτῐνον (neuter nominative singular)
αἱματῐ́νω (dual masculine nominative)
αἱματῐ́νᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
αἱματῐ́νω (dual neuter nominative)
αἱμάτῐνοι (masculine nominative plural)
αἱμάτῐναι (feminine nominative plural)
αἱμάτῐνᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
αἱματῐ́νου (genitive masculine singular)
αἱματῐ́νης (feminine genitive singular)
αἱματῐ́νου (genitive neuter singular)
αἱματῐ́νοιν (dual genitive masculine)
αἱματῐ́ναιν (dual feminine genitive)
αἱματῐ́νοιν (dual genitive neuter)
αἱματῐ́νων (genitive masculine plural)
αἱματῐ́νων (feminine genitive plural)
αἱματῐ́νων (genitive neuter plural)
αἱματῐ́νῳ (dative masculine singular)
αἱματῐ́νῃ (dative feminine singular)
αἱματῐ́νῳ (dative neuter singular)
αἱματῐ́νοιν (dative dual masculine)
αἱματῐ́ναιν (dative dual feminine)
αἱματῐ́νοιν (dative dual neuter)
αἱματῐ́νοις (dative masculine plural)
αἱματῐ́ναις (dative feminine plural)
αἱματῐ́νοις (dative neuter plural)
αἱμάτῐνον (accusative masculine singular)
αἱματῐ́νην (accusative feminine singular)
αἱμάτῐνον (accusative neuter singular)
αἱματῐ́νω (accusative dual masculine)
αἱματῐ́νᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
αἱματῐ́νω (accusative dual neuter)
αἱματῐ́νους (accusative masculine plural)
αἱματῐ́νᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
αἱμάτῐνᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
αἱμάτῐνε (masculine singular vocative)
αἱματῐ́νη (feminine singular vocative)
αἱμάτῐνον (neuter singular vocative)
αἱματῐ́νω (dual masculine vocative)
αἱματῐ́νᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
αἱματῐ́νω (dual neuter vocative)
αἱμάτῐνοι (masculine plural vocative)
αἱμάτῐναι (feminine plural vocative)
αἱμάτῐνᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
αἱματῐ́νως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
αἱματῐνώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
αἱματῐνώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) + -ινος (-inos).


ἴουλος

ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension

íoulos (romanization)
ἰούλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴουλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴουλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰούλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰούλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰούλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰούλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰούλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴουλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰούλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰούλους (accusative plural)
ἴουλε (singular vocative)
ἰούλω (dual vocative)
ἴουλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)

→ Latin: iūlus

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.


λύθρον

grc-noun

λύθρον • (lúthron) n (genitive λύθρου); second declension

lúthron (romanization)
λύθρου (genitive)
τὸ λῠ́θρον (nominative singular)
τὼ λῠ́θρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῠ́θρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λῠ́θροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λῠ́θρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῠ́θρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λῠ́θροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῠ́θροις (dative plural)
τὸ λῠ́θρον (accusative singular)
τὼ λῠ́θρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ (accusative plural)
λῠ́θρον (singular vocative)
λῠ́θρω (dual vocative)
λῠ́θρᾰ (plural vocative)

Translingual: Lythrum

From Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”), the same root of λούω (loúō, “to wash”), λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”), Latin lutum (“mire, mud”) and Albanian lym (“loam, clay”). Compare Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhira, “blood, gore”), in which case the color-word being the same is coincidence.


μῆριγξ

μῆρῐγξ • (mêrinx) f (genitive μήρῐγγος); third declension

μῆρῐγξ (canonical)
mêrinx (romanization)
μήρῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ μῆρῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μήρῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ μήρῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς μήρῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηρῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηρῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ μήρῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηρῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήρῐγξῐ (dative plural)
μήρῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs mḗrinxi (dative plural)
taîs mḗrinxin (dative plural)
τὴν μήρῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μήρῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήρῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
μῆρῐγξ (singular vocative)
μήρῐγγε (dual vocative)
μήρῐγγες (plural vocative)

The suffix "-ιγγ-", the prothetic "σ-" and the lack of possible cognates, apart from μήρινθος (mḗrinthos, “fishing line”), lead to a Pre-Greek origin.


ὀρός

ὀρός • (orós) m (genitive ὀροῦ); second declension

orós (romanization)
ὀροῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀρός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρούς (accusative plural)
ὀρέ (singular vocative)
ὀρώ (dual vocative)
ὀροί (plural vocative)

Greek: ορός (orós)

⇒ Italian: orotico

From Proto-Hellenic *horós, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”); see also Sanskrit सर (sara, “flowing”), सरित् (sarit, “river, brook”) and Latin serum (“whey”).


ὀλός

grc-noun

ὀλός • (olós) m (genitive ὀλοῦ); second declension

olós (romanization)
ὀλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὀλός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀλούς (accusative plural)
ὀλέ (singular vocative)
ὀλώ (dual vocative)
ὀλοί (plural vocative)

Unclear. A cross between θολός (tholós, “ink of the cuttlefish”) and ὀρός (orós, “whey”), as assumed by Frisk, is improbable. A Pre-Greek word is possible.


θορός

θορός • (thorós) m (genitive θοροῦ); second declension

thorós (romanization)
θοροῦ (genitive)
ὁ θορός (nominative singular)
τὼ θορώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θοροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θοροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θοροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θορῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θορῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θοροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θοροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θορόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θορώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θορούς (accusative plural)
θορέ (singular vocative)
θορώ (dual vocative)
θοροί (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”), the same root of θρῴσκω (thrṓiskō, “to spring, to leap”).


καλλίθριξ

grc-noun

καλλίθριξ • (kallíthrix) f (genitive καλλίτρῐχος); third declension

kallíthrix (romanization)
καλλίτρῐχος (genitive)
ἡ καλλίθριξ (nominative singular)
τὼ καλλίτρῐχε (dual nominative)
αἱ καλλίτρῐχες (nominative plural)
τῆς καλλίτρῐχος (genitive singular)
τοῖν καλλιτρῐ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καλλιτρῐ́χων (genitive plural)
τῇ καλλίτρῐχῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν καλλιτρῐ́χοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καλλίθρῐξῐ (dative plural)
καλλίθρῐξῐν (dative plural)
τὴν καλλίτρῐχᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ καλλίτρῐχε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καλλίτρῐχᾰς (accusative plural)
καλλίθριξ (singular vocative)
καλλίτρῐχε (dual vocative)
καλλίτρῐχες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

καλλίθρῐξῐ / καλλίθρῐξῐν

→ Latin: callithrix

→ Translingual: Callithrix, Callitriche

Bahuvrīhi compound of καλλι- (kalli-, “beautiful”) + θρίξ (thríx, “hair”)


προκόμιον

grc-noun

προκόμῐον • (prokómion) n (genitive προκομῐ́ου); second declension

προκόμῐον (canonical)
prokómion (romanization)
προκομῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ προκόμῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ προκομῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ προκόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ προκομῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προκομῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προκομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ προκομῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προκομῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προκομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ προκόμῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ προκομῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ προκόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
προκόμῐον (singular vocative)
προκομῐ́ω (dual vocative)
προκόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From προ- (pro-) + κόμη (kómē, “hair of the head”) + -ῐον (-ion).


χνόος

grc-noun

χνόος • (khnóos) m (genitive χνόου); second declension

khnóos (romanization)
χνόου (genitive)
ὁ χνόος (nominative singular)
τὼ χνόω (dual nominative)
οἱ χνόοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χνόου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χνόοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χνόων (genitive plural)
τῷ χνόῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χνόοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χνόοις (dative plural)
τὸν χνόον (accusative singular)
τὼ χνόω (accusative dual)
τοὺς χνόους (accusative plural)
χνόε (singular vocative)
χνόω (dual vocative)
χνόοι (plural vocative)

Greek: χνούδι (chnoúdi)

Related to χνόη (khnóē, “axle-box”). Both words have been connected to χναύω (khnaúō, “to nibble”) and χνίω (khníō, “to break in small pieces”). Reasonable connections can then be found in Old Norse gnúa (“to rub”) and Proto-Slavic *gnusъ, which point to Proto-Indo-European *gnew-. Otherwise perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *knew- (“to scrape, scratch; to rub”) and related to κνίζω (knízō, “to pound, grate”) and κνύω (knúō, “to scratch”), with expressive aspiration; or from *ksnew-. Compare also μνόος (mnóos, “fine, soft down”).

m+

wool pulled for stuffing cushions, flock


ληνός

grc-noun

ληνός • (lēnós) f (genitive ληνοῦ); second declension

lēnós (romanization)
ληνοῦ (genitive)
ἡ ληνός (nominative singular)
τὼ ληνώ (dual nominative)
αἱ ληνοί (nominative plural)
τῆς ληνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ληνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ληνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ληνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ληνοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ληνοῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ληνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ληνώ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ληνούς (accusative plural)
ληνέ (singular vocative)
ληνώ (dual vocative)
ληνοί (plural vocative)

Unexplained. Perhaps a technical term of the Pre-Greek substrate.

(anatomy) torcular Herophili, the confluence of sinuses


μετάφρενον

μετάφρενον • (metáphrenon) n (genitive μεταφρένου); second declension

metáphrenon (romanization)
μεταφρένου (genitive)
μετάφρενον (nominative singular)
μεταφρένω (dual nominative)
μετάφρενᾰ (nominative plural)
μεταφρένου (genitive singular)
μεταφρενοῖο (genitive singular)
μεταφρένοιο (genitive singular)
μεταφρενόο (genitive singular)
μεταφρένοο (genitive singular)
μεταφρένοιῐν (dual genitive)
μεταφρένων (genitive plural)
μεταφρένῳ (dative singular)
μεταφρένοιῐν (dative dual)
μεταφρένοισῐ (dative plural)
μεταφρένοισῐν (dative plural)
μεταφρένοις (dative plural)
metaphrénoisi (dative plural)
metaphrénoisin (dative plural)
metaphrénois (dative plural)
μετάφρενον (accusative singular)
μεταφρένω (accusative dual)
μετάφρενᾰ (accusative plural)
μετάφρενον (singular vocative)
μεταφρένω (dual vocative)
μετάφρενᾰ (plural vocative)

μετα- (meta-, “behind”) + φρήν (phrḗn, “midriff”), thus literally ‘the part behind the midriff’.

af

(Epic) upper back (of a person) (also in the plural with singular meaning)


ὄσχη

grc-noun

ὄσχη • (óskhē) f (genitive ὄσχης); first declension

óskhē (romanization)
ὄσχης (genitive)
ἡ ὄσχη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄσχᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄσχαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄσχης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὄσχαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀσχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄσχῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὄσχαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄσχαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὄσχην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄσχᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄσχᾱς (accusative plural)
ὄσχη (singular vocative)
ὄσχᾱ (dual vocative)
ὄσχαι (plural vocative)

Greek: όσχεο (óscheo)

Explained by Frisk as metaphorical use of ὄσχος (óskhos, “vine-branch”). According to Beekes, the word may well be of Pre-Greek origin.


ὑπήνη

ὑπήνη • (hupḗnē) f (genitive ὑπήνης); first declension

hupḗnē (romanization)
ὑπήνης (genitive)
ἡ ὑπήνη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑπήνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑπῆναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑπήνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑπήναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑπηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑπήνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑπήναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑπήναις (dative plural)
τὴν ὑπήνην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑπήνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑπήνᾱς (accusative plural)
ὑπήνη (singular vocative)
ὑπήνᾱ (dual vocative)
ὑπῆναι (plural vocative)

Ending like ἀπήνη (apḗnē), λαμπήνη (lampḗnē) and ἀνθρήνη (anthrḗnē). Traditionally explained as a compound of Proto-Indo-European *upó (“under, below”) and a root common to Sanskrit आन (āna, “face, mouth, nose”). Yet this etymology is semantically unsatisfactory and formally difficult. Alternatively, the word has often been considered to be Pre-Greek, in view of the typical substrate suffix -ήνη.


ὠλίγγη

grc-noun

ὠλῐ́γγη • (ōlíngē) f (genitive ὠλῐ́γγης); first declension

ὠλῐ́γγη (canonical)
ōlíngē (romanization)
ὠλῐ́γγης (genitive)
ἡ ὠλῐ́γγη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠλῐ́γγᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠλῐ́γγαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠλῐ́γγης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠλῐ́γγαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠλῐγγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠλῐ́γγῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠλῐ́γγαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠλῐ́γγαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠλῐ́γγην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠλῐ́γγᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠλῐ́γγᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠλῐ́γγη (singular vocative)
ὠλῐ́γγᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠλῐ́γγαι (plural vocative)

/ɔː.líŋ.ɡɛː/

/ɔː.líŋ.ɡɛː/

Without a convincing etymology. Not related to Sanskrit आली (ālī, “stripe, line”). According to Beekes, clearly of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the nasalized suffix. The connection with αὖλαξ (aûlax, “furrow”) is certainly wrong.


ἴονθος

ἴονθος • (íonthos) m (genitive ἰόνθου); second declension

íonthos (romanization)
ἰόνθου (genitive)
ὁ ἴονθος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰόνθω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴονθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰόνθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰόνθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰόνθων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰόνθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰόνθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰόνθοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴονθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰόνθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰόνθους (accusative plural)
ἴονθε (singular vocative)
ἰόνθω (dual vocative)
ἴονθοι (plural vocative)

May belong to a word for "hair", which appears in Middle Irish find (“hair”), Dutch wenkbrauw (“eyebrow”), Old Prussian wanso (“first beard”) and Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ (“moustache”). The Greek word would have to represent a reduplicated formation *ϝί-ϝονθος (*wí-wonthos). All these words have been interpreted as verbal nouns from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“hair, wool, beard”).
For a similar semantic shift compare Georgian თმა (tma, “hair”) ~ Svan შდო̈მ (šdöm, “rash”).

der

eruption on the face, which accompanies the first growth of the beard


βλεφαρίς

grc-noun

βλεφᾰρῐ́ς • (blepharís) f (genitive βλεφᾰρῐ́δος); third declension

βλεφᾰρῐ́ς (canonical)
blepharís (romanization)
βλεφᾰρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ βλεφᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ βλεφᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ βλεφᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς βλεφᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βλεφᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βλεφᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ βλεφᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βλεφᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βλεφᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
βλεφᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs blepharísi (dative plural)
taîs blepharísin (dative plural)
τὴν βλεφᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βλεφᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βλεφᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
βλεφᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
βλεφᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
βλεφᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: βλεφαρίδα (vlefarída)

From βλέφαρον (blépharon, “eyelid”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).


ζύγωμα

grc-noun

ζῠ́γωμᾰ • (zúgōma) n (genitive ζῠγώμᾰτος); third declension

ζῠ́γωμᾰ (canonical)
zúgōma (romanization)
ζῠγώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ζῠ́γωμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ζῠγώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ζῠγώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζῠγώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζῠγωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζῠγωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ζῠγώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζῠγωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζῠγώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ζῠγώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs zugṓmasi (dative plural)
toîs zugṓmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ζῠ́γωμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ζῠγώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ζῠγώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ζῠ́γωμᾰ (singular vocative)
ζῠγώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ζῠγώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: zygoma

⇒ New Latin: zygōmaticus

→ English: zygomaticus

From ζῠγόω (zugóō, “to yoke or join together”) + -μᾰ (-ma, nominal suffix).


κρωβύλος

grc-noun

κρωβύλος • (krōbúlos) m (genitive κρωβύλου); second declension

krōbúlos (romanization)
κρωβύλου (genitive)
ὁ κρωβῠ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ κρωβῠ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κρωβῠ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρωβῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρωβῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρωβῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρωβῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρωβῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρωβῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κρωβῠ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ κρωβῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρωβῠ́λους (accusative plural)
κρωβῠ́λε (singular vocative)
κρωβῠ́λω (dual vocative)
κρωβῠ́λοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: crōbylos
→ Italian: crobilo

According to Lewy, from Aramaic כַּרְבָּלְתָּא (karbaltā, “headgear, a type of head covering; cock's comb, crest”), while Rabin points to it's ancestor Akkadian 𒌆𒋼𒀀𒁀𒀠𒆷𒋫 (TUG kar-ba-al-la-ta /karballatu/, “hat, cowl, pointed cap, linen helm”), generally taken as a foreign term associated with Cimmerians. Lagard thinks that the first syllable could be related to Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras, “head”). Furnée points to Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix, while Prellwitz connects the word with κόρυμβος (kórumbos, “peak, summit”) and Meister with κόρθυς (kórthus, “heap”), κόρθιλος (kórthilos, “wren”), κόρυς (kórus, “helmet”) and κορυφή (koruphḗ, “top of the head”).

der

כַּרְבָּלְתָּא

topknot (decorative knot of hair on the crown of the head)


γενειάς

grc-noun

γενειᾰ́ς • (geneiás) f (genitive γενειᾰ́δος); third declension

γενειᾰ́ς (canonical)
geneiás (romanization)
γενειᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γενειᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ γενειᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γενειᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γενειᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γενειᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γενειᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γενειᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γενειᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γενειᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
γενειᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs geneiási (dative plural)
taîs geneiásin (dative plural)
τὴν γενειᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γενειᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γενειᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γενειᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
γενειᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
γενειᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: γενειάδα (geneiáda)

From γένειον (géneion, “chin”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ás).


βλοσυρός

βλοσῠρός (canonical)
blosurós (romanization)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (feminine)
βλοσῠρόν (neuter)
βλοσῠρός (masculine nominative singular)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (feminine nominative singular)
βλοσῠρόν (neuter nominative singular)
βλοσῠρώ (dual masculine nominative)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
βλοσῠρώ (dual neuter nominative)
βλοσῠροί (masculine nominative plural)
βλοσῠραί (feminine nominative plural)
βλοσῠρᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
βλοσῠροῦ (genitive masculine singular)
βλοσῠρᾶς (feminine genitive singular)
βλοσῠροῦ (genitive neuter singular)
βλοσῠροῖν (dual genitive masculine)
βλοσῠραῖν (dual feminine genitive)
βλοσῠροῖν (dual genitive neuter)
βλοσῠρῶν (genitive masculine plural)
βλοσῠρῶν (feminine genitive plural)
βλοσῠρῶν (genitive neuter plural)
βλοσῠρῷ (dative masculine singular)
βλοσῠρᾷ (dative feminine singular)
βλοσῠρῷ (dative neuter singular)
βλοσῠροῖν (dative dual masculine)
βλοσῠραῖν (dative dual feminine)
βλοσῠροῖν (dative dual neuter)
βλοσῠροῖς (dative masculine plural)
βλοσῠραῖς (dative feminine plural)
βλοσῠροῖς (dative neuter plural)
βλοσῠρόν (accusative masculine singular)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ν (accusative feminine singular)
βλοσῠρόν (accusative neuter singular)
βλοσῠρώ (accusative dual masculine)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
βλοσῠρώ (accusative dual neuter)
βλοσῠρούς (accusative masculine plural)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
βλοσῠρᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
βλοσῠρέ (masculine singular vocative)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (feminine singular vocative)
βλοσῠρόν (neuter singular vocative)
βλοσῠρώ (dual masculine vocative)
βλοσῠρᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
βλοσῠρώ (dual neuter vocative)
βλοσῠροί (masculine plural vocative)
βλοσῠραί (feminine plural vocative)
βλοσῠρᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
βλοσῠρῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
βλοσῠρώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
βλοσῠρώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Uncertain. Leumann derives it from a root common to Latin vultur (“vulture”). There is no evidence, however, that the word is Indo-European.


πολύτριχος

πολῠ́τρῐχος (canonical)
polútrikhos (romanization)
πολῠ́τρῐχον (neuter)
πολῠ́τρῐχος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
πολῠ́τρῐχον (neuter nominative singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (dual neuter nominative)
πολῠ́τρῐχοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
πολῠ́τρῐχᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
πολῠτρῐ́χου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χου (genitive neuter singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
πολῠτρῐ́χοιν (dual genitive neuter)
πολῠτρῐ́χων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
πολῠτρῐ́χων (genitive neuter plural)
πολῠτρῐ́χῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χῳ (dative neuter singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
πολῠτρῐ́χοιν (dative dual neuter)
πολῠτρῐ́χοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
πολῠτρῐ́χοις (dative neuter plural)
πολῠ́τρῐχον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
πολῠ́τρῐχον (accusative neuter singular)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (accusative dual neuter)
πολῠτρῐ́χους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
πολῠ́τρῐχᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
πολῠ́τρῐχε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
πολῠ́τρῐχον (neuter singular vocative)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
πολῠτρῐ́χω (dual neuter vocative)
πολῠ́τρῐχοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
πολῠ́τρῐχᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
πολῠτρῐ́χως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
πολῠτρῐχώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
πολῠτρῐχώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From πολυ- (polu-, “many”) + θρίξ (thríx, “hair”).


χάνος

grc-noun

χᾰ́νος • (khános) n (genitive χᾰ́νεος); third declension

χᾰ́νος (canonical)
khános (romanization)
χᾰ́νεος (genitive)
τὸ χᾰ́νος (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́νεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χᾰ́νεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χᾰ́νεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰνέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰνέων (genitive plural)
τῷ χᾰ́νεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰνέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χᾰ́νεσῐ (dative plural)
χᾰ́νεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khánesi (dative plural)
toîs khánesin (dative plural)
τὸ χᾰ́νος (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰ́νεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χᾰ́νεᾰ (accusative plural)
χᾰ́νος (singular vocative)
χᾰ́νεε (dual vocative)
χᾰ́νεᾰ (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰan- / *gʰan- (“to yawn, to gape”), the same root of χάσκω (kháskō, “to yawn, gape”).


πέμφιξ

πέμφῐξ • (pémphix) f (genitive πέμφῑγος); third declension

πέμφῐξ (canonical)
pémphix (romanization)
πέμφῑγος (genitive)
ἡ πέμφῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πέμφῑγε (dual nominative)
αἱ πέμφῑγες (nominative plural)
τῆς πέμφῑγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεμφῑ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεμφῑ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ πέμφῑγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεμφῑ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πέμφῑξῐ (dative plural)
πέμφῑξῐν (dative plural)
taîs pémphīxi (dative plural)
taîs pémphīxin (dative plural)
τὴν πέμφῑγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πέμφῑγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πέμφῑγᾰς (accusative plural)
πέμφῐξ (singular vocative)
πέμφῑγε (dual vocative)
πέμφῑγες (plural vocative)

→ English: pemphigus

→ Translingual: Pemphigus

Possibly a Pre-Greek word, together with πομφός (pomphós, “blister”) and πομφόλυξ (pomphólux, “bubble”). They might be onomatopoeic in origin; compare similar expressions for swelling, like Lithuanian pampti (“to swell”), pempùs (“fat-bodied”), pumpùlis (“roundish, thick-bellied thing”). Compare also βέμβιξ (bémbix, “spinning top”) and βόμβος (bómbos, “humming, buzzing”).


κοττίς

κοττῐ́ς • (kottís) f (genitive κοττῐ́δος); third declension

κοττῐ́ς (canonical)
kottís (romanization)
κοττῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κοττῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κοττῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κοττῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κοττῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοττῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοττῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κοττῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοττῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κοττῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κοττῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kottísi (dative plural)
taîs kottísin (dative plural)
τὴν κοττῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κοττῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κοττῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κοττῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κοττῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κοττῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Connection with κοτύλη (kotúlē, “bowl, dish”) is a mere guess. Furnée connects this word with σκύτη (skútē, “head”); the geminate is not expressive, but rather points to Pre-Greek origin.

hairstyle with long hair on the forehead


φλυκτίς

φλῠκτῐ́ς • (phluktís) f (genitive φλῠκτῐ́δος); third declension

φλῠκτῐ́ς (canonical)
phluktís (romanization)
φλῠκτῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ φλῠκτῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ φλῠκτῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ φλῠκτῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς φλῠκτῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλῠκτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλῠκτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ φλῠκτῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλῠκτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φλῠκτῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
φλῠκτῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs phluktísi (dative plural)
taîs phluktísin (dative plural)
τὴν φλῠκτῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φλῠκτῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φλῠκτῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
φλῠκτῐ́ς (singular vocative)
φλῠκτῐ́δε (dual vocative)
φλῠκτῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From the Pre-Greek root *φλυκτ (*phlukt) + -ῐ́ς (-ís). Compare φλύκταινα (phlúktaina, “blister”).


δέρτρον

δέρτρον • (dértron) n (genitive δέρτρου); second declension

dértron (romanization)
δέρτρου (genitive)
τὸ δέρτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δέρτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δέρτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δέρτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δέρτροις (dative plural)
τὸ δέρτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (accusative plural)
δέρτρον (singular vocative)
δέρτρω (dual vocative)
δέρτρᾰ (plural vocative)

From δέρω (dérō, “to skin, flay”) + -τρον (-tron).

suffix

omentum, membrane which contains the bowels


μνόος

grc-noun

μνόος • (mnóos) m (genitive μνόου); second declension

mnóos (romanization)
μνόου (genitive)
ὁ μνόος (nominative singular)
τὼ μνόω (dual nominative)
οἱ μνόοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μνόου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μνόοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μνόων (genitive plural)
τῷ μνόῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μνόοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μνόοις (dative plural)
τὸν μνόον (accusative singular)
τὼ μνόω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μνόους (accusative plural)
μνόε (singular vocative)
μνόω (dual vocative)
μνόοι (plural vocative)

Unknown. Rhyming word with χνόος (khnóos, “wool, flock; first down”). On the other hand, compare μνίον (mníon, “seaweed”); maybe this word is a cross of these two.


ὠμοπλάτη

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη • (ōmoplátē) f (genitive ὠμοπλᾰ́της); first declension

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (canonical)
ōmoplátē (romanization)
ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive)
ἡ ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠμοπλᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠμοπλᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠμοπλᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠμοπλᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (singular vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: ωμοπλάτη (omopláti)

From ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + πλάτη (plátē, “flat object”).

compound

shoulder blade, scapula, also of animals


ὀπωπή

grc-noun

ὀπωπή • (opōpḗ) f (genitive ὀπωπῆς); first declension

opōpḗ (romanization)
ὀπωπῆς (genitive)
ἡ ὀπωπή (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀπωπᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀπωπαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀπωπῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀπωπαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀπωπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀπωπῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀπωπαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀπωπαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ὀπωπήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀπωπᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀπωπᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ὀπωπή (singular vocative)
ὀπωπᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ὀπωπαί (plural vocative)

From ὄπωπα (ópōpa, “to watch, observe”) + -ή (-ḗ).


ἐπιγονατίς

grc-noun

ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δος

ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́ς • (epigonatís) f (genitive ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δος); third declension

ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́ς (canonical)
epigonatís (romanization)
ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs epigonatísi (dative plural)
taîs epigonatísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́δος

Greek: επιγονατίδα (epigonatída)

From ἐπῐ- (epi-, upon) + γόνυ (gónu, “knee”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).


λέμφος

grc-noun

λέμφος • (lémphos) m (genitive λέμφου); second declension

lémphos (romanization)
λέμφου (genitive)
ὁ λέμφος (nominative singular)
τὼ λέμφω (dual nominative)
οἱ λέμφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λέμφου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λέμφοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λέμφων (genitive plural)
τῷ λέμφῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λέμφοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λέμφοις (dative plural)
τὸν λέμφον (accusative singular)
τὼ λέμφω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λέμφους (accusative plural)
λέμφε (singular vocative)
λέμφω (dual vocative)
λέμφοι (plural vocative)

Furnée recognized that this is the same word as λάμπη (lámpē, “scum, foam”), which shows characteristic Pre-Greek variation.


ῥώθων

ῥώθων • (rhṓthōn) m (genitive ῥώθωνος); third declension

rhṓthōn (romanization)
ῥώθωνος (genitive)
ὁ ῥώθων (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥώθωνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥώθωνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥώθωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥωθώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥωθώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥώθωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥωθώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥώθωσῐ (dative plural)
ῥώθωσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhṓthōsi (dative plural)
toîs rhṓthōsin (dative plural)
τὸν ῥώθωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥώθωνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥώθωνᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥώθων (singular vocative)
ῥώθωνε (dual vocative)
ῥώθωνες (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: ῥωθώνιον (rhōthṓnion) (from diminutive)

Greek: ρουθούνι (routhoúni)

→ Greek: ρώθων (róthon)

/r̥ɔ̌ː.tʰɔːn/

/r̥ɔ̌ː.tʰɔːn/

The formation is the same as in πώγων (pṓgōn) and γνάθων (gnáthōn), but the root is unknown. Usually, ῥόθος (rhóthos, “roaring”) is connected, which presupposes an original meaning "snorer", "rattler". Alternatively, one could consider a Pre-Greek origin for this word.

unk

unknown


πύλιγξ

grc-noun

πῠ́λῐγξ • (púlinx) f (genitive πῠ́λῐγγος); third declension

πῠ́λῐγξ (canonical)
púlinx (romanization)
πῠ́λῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ πῠ́λῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πῠ́λῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ πῠ́λῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς πῠ́λῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῠλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῠλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ πῠ́λῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῠλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πῠ́λῐγξῐ (dative plural)
πῠ́λῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs púlinxi (dative plural)
taîs púlinxin (dative plural)
τὴν πῠ́λῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πῠ́λῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῠ́λῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
πῠ́λῐγξ (singular vocative)
πῠ́λῐγγε (dual vocative)
πῠ́λῐγγες (plural vocative)

Clearly related to πυλεών (puleṓn, “wreath”); on this basis, a pre-form *πύλος (*púlos) has been assumed. This *πύλος (*púlos) is then connected with Sanskrit पुलक (pulaka, “erection or bristling of the hairs of the body”), पुलस्ति (pulasti, “wearing the hair straight”) and पुल (pula, “horripilation”). From Iranian, Kurdish is adduced, and from Celtic Irish ulcha (“beard”). However, Mayrhofer doubts this connections; in fact the suffix -ιγγ- may rather point to a Pre-Greek origin.

cog

(in the plural) hair about the posteriors; curls


πυός

grc-noun

πῡός • (pūós) m (genitive πῡοῦ); second declension

πῡός (canonical)
pūós (romanization)
πῡοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πῡός (nominative singular)
τὼ πῡώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πῡοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῡοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῡοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῡῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πῡῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῡοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῡοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πῡόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πῡώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πῡούς (accusative plural)
πῡέ (singular vocative)
πῡώ (dual vocative)
πῡοί (plural vocative)

Probably originally identical with πύον (púon, “pus”), from Proto-Indo-European *puH- (“rotten, foul”), but with gender and accent after ὀρός (orós, “whey”) and τυρός (turós, “cheese”), which belong to the same semantic field. Both the substance and its properties (like smell and fermentation) may have caused the transference of meaning from "pus" to "milk".


οὐραχός

grc-noun

οὐρᾰχός • (ourakhós) m (genitive οὐρᾰχοῦ); second declension

οὐρᾰχός (canonical)
ourakhós (romanization)
οὐρᾰχοῦ (genitive)
ὁ οὐρᾰχός (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾰχώ (dual nominative)
οἱ οὐρᾰχοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ οὐρᾰχοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐρᾰχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐρᾰχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ οὐρᾰχῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐρᾰχοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς οὐρᾰχοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν οὐρᾰχόν (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾰχώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς οὐρᾰχούς (accusative plural)
οὐρᾰχέ (singular vocative)
οὐρᾰχώ (dual vocative)
οὐρᾰχοί (plural vocative)

→ English: urachus

Probably related to οὐρά (ourá, “tail, rear”), with a suffix -αχος (-akhos) of indeterminate origin which Beekes identifies as Pre-Greek. Compare also οὐρίαχος (ouríakhos, “butt-end of the spear”).

(anatomy) urachus, a foetal organ connected with the bladder


ὄμειχμα

ὄμειχμᾰ • (ómeikhma) n (genitive ὀμείχμᾰτος); third declension

ὄμειχμᾰ (canonical)
ómeikhma (romanization)
ὀμείχμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ὄμειχμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀμείχμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὀμείχμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀμείχμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀμειχμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀμειχμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀμείχμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀμειχμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀμείχμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ὀμείχμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs omeíkhmasi (dative plural)
toîs omeíkhmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ὄμειχμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀμείχμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὀμείχμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὄμειχμᾰ (singular vocative)
ὀμείχμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ὀμείχμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὀμείχω (omeíkhō, “to make water”) + -μα (-ma).


πηνήκη

grc-noun

πηνήκη • (pēnḗkē) f (genitive πηνήκης); first declension

pēnḗkē (romanization)
πηνήκης (genitive)
ἡ πηνήκη (nominative singular)
τὼ πηνήκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πηνῆκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πηνήκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πηνήκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πηνηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πηνήκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πηνήκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πηνήκαις (dative plural)
τὴν πηνήκην (accusative singular)
τὼ πηνήκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πηνήκᾱς (accusative plural)
πηνήκη (singular vocative)
πηνήκᾱ (dual vocative)
πηνῆκαι (plural vocative)

/pɛː.nɛ̌ː.kɛː/

/pɛː.nɛ̌ː.kɛː/

As a wig may seem a bobbin of threads, the word has probably been derived from πήνη (pḗnē, “thread on the bobbin”), on the model of φενάκη (phenákē, “wig”).


φῦσιγξ

φῦσῐγξ • (phûsinx) f (genitive φῡ́σῐγγος); third declension

φῦσῐγξ (canonical)
phûsinx (romanization)
φῡ́σῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ φῦσῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ φῡ́σῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς φῡ́σῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡσῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ φῡ́σῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡσῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῡ́σῐγξῐ (dative plural)
φῡ́σῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs phū́sinxi (dative plural)
taîs phū́sinxin (dative plural)
τὴν φῡ́σῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
φῦσῐγξ (singular vocative)
φῡ́σῐγγε (dual vocative)
φῡ́σῐγγες (plural vocative)

→ Persian: فشنگ (fešang)

From φῦσᾰ (phûsa, “bellows; bladder”), with a typical Pre-Greek suffix -ιγξ.


ἄωτον

ἄωτον • (áōton) n (genitive ἀώτου); second declension

áōton (romanization)
ἀώτου (genitive)
τὸ ἄωτον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀώτω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἄωτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀώτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀώτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀώτων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀώτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀώτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀώτοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἄωτον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀώτω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἄωτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἄωτον (singular vocative)
ἀώτω (dual vocative)
ἄωτᾰ (plural vocative)

Considered to be a verbal noun to ἄημι (áēmi, “to blow”), so "blowing". However, there is no semantical support for this connection; the etymology was merely suggested by the formal appearance. Rather, the word is a technical term, as remarked by DELG. It remains without etymology.

unk

without etymology


κοσύμβη

grc-noun

κοσῠ́μβη • (kosúmbē) f (genitive κοσῠ́μβης); first declension

κοσῠ́μβη (canonical)
kosúmbē (romanization)
κοσῠ́μβης (genitive)
ἡ κοσῠ́μβη (nominative singular)
τὼ κοσῠ́μβᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κοσῠ́μβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κοσῠ́μβης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοσῠ́μβαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοσῠμβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κοσῠ́μβῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοσῠ́μβαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κοσῠ́μβαις (dative plural)
τὴν κοσῠ́μβην (accusative singular)
τὼ κοσῠ́μβᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κοσῠ́μβᾱς (accusative plural)
κοσῠ́μβη (singular vocative)
κοσῠ́μβᾱ (dual vocative)
κοσῠ́μβαι (plural vocative)

Lewy compares Akkadian 𒆪𒍦𒁍 (ku-zip-pu /kuzippu, guzippu/, “cloak”), Arabic كُرْسُف (kursuf, “cotton”). Pre-Greek origin is likely, given the prenasalization and similar words like κόσυμβος (kósumbos, “hairnet”), κότθυβος (kótthubos, “piece of military equipment”) and κοσυβάτας (kosubátas, “sacrificer”). This does not exclude that the word is found in Semitic too, since it may be an old Kulturwort.


λήμη

grc-noun

λήμη • (lḗmē) f (genitive λήμης); first declension

lḗmē (romanization)
λήμης (genitive)
ἡ λήμη (nominative singular)
τὼ λήμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λῆμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λήμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λήμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λημῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λήμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λήμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λήμαις (dative plural)
τὴν λήμην (accusative singular)
τὼ λήμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λήμᾱς (accusative plural)
λήμη (singular vocative)
λήμᾱ (dual vocative)
λῆμαι (plural vocative)

Unexplained. Connection with Latin lāma (“marsh, mud”) and Lithuanian lōmas (“pit, hollow”) is semantically unconvincing. According to Beekes, it is rather a Pre-Greek word.

unk

Unexplained

rheum, sleep, a humour that gathers in the corner of the eye


κρόβαλος

head

κρόβαλος • (króbalos)

Hesychius gives the definition as: ὁ μαλλός τῶν παιδίων (ho mallós tôn paidíōn, literally “the tress of a young child”), αἱ τρίχες τῶν αἰδοίων (hai tríkhes tôn aidoíōn, literally “the hairs of the pudenda”).


ἱππομανές

grc-noun

ἱππομᾰνές • (hippomanés) n (genitive ἱππομᾰνοῦς); third declension

ἱππομᾰνές (canonical)
hippomanés (romanization)
ἱππομᾰνοῦς (genitive)
τὸ ἱππομᾰνές (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱππομᾰνεῖ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἱππομᾰνῆ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱππομᾰνοῦς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱππομᾰνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱππομᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱππομᾰνεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱππομᾰνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱππομᾰνέσῐ (dative plural)
ἱππομᾰνέσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hippomanési (dative plural)
toîs hippomanésin (dative plural)
τὸ ἱππομᾰνές (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱππομᾰνεῖ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἱππομᾰνῆ (accusative plural)
ἱππομᾰνές (singular vocative)
ἱππομᾰνεῖ (dual vocative)
ἱππομᾰνῆ (plural vocative)

→ English: hippomanes

→ Translingual: Hippomane

Neuter form of ἱππομᾰνής (hippomanḗs, “swarming with horses”).


παρειά

πᾰρειᾱ́ • (pareiā́) f (genitive πᾰρειᾶς); first declension

πᾰρειᾱ́ (canonical)
pareiā́ (romanization)
πᾰρειᾶς (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρειᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρειᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρειαί (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρειᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρειαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρειᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρειαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρειαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρειᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρειᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρειᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (singular vocative)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πᾰρειαί (plural vocative)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (nominative singular)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (dual nominative)
πᾰρειαί (nominative plural)
πᾰρειᾶς (genitive singular)
πᾰρειαῖν (dual genitive)
πᾰρειαῖῐν (dual genitive)
πᾰρειῇῐν (dual genitive)
pareiaîn (dual genitive)
pareiaîin (dual genitive)
pareiêiin (dual genitive)
πᾰρειᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
πᾰρειέ͜ων (genitive plural)
πᾰρειῶν (genitive plural)
πᾰρειᾷ (dative singular)
πᾰρειαῖν (dative dual)
πᾰρειαῖῐν (dative dual)
πᾰρειῇῐν (dative dual)
pareiaîn (dative dual)
pareiaîin (dative dual)
pareiêiin (dative dual)
πᾰρειῇσῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρειῇσῐν (dative plural)
πᾰρειῇς (dative plural)
πᾰρειαῖς (dative plural)
pareiêisi (dative plural)
pareiêisin (dative plural)
pareiêis (dative plural)
pareiaîs (dative plural)
πᾰρειᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (accusative dual)
πᾰρειᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (singular vocative)
πᾰρειᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πᾰρειαί (plural vocative)

From παρα- (para-, “beside”) + οὖς (oûs, “ear”).


φενάκη

grc-noun

φενᾱ́κη • (phenā́kē) f (genitive φενᾱ́κης); first declension

φενᾱ́κη (canonical)
phenā́kē (romanization)
φενᾱ́κης (genitive)
ἡ φενᾱ́κη (nominative singular)
τὼ φενᾱ́κᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φενᾶκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φενᾱ́κης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φενᾱ́καιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φενᾱκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φενᾱ́κῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φενᾱ́καιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φενᾱ́καις (dative plural)
τὴν φενᾱ́κην (accusative singular)
τὼ φενᾱ́κᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φενᾱ́κᾱς (accusative plural)
φενᾱ́κη (singular vocative)
φενᾱ́κᾱ (dual vocative)
φενᾶκαι (plural vocative)


σκύνιον

σκῠ́νῐον • (skúnion) n (genitive σκῠνῐ́ου); second declension

σκῠ́νῐον (canonical)
skúnion (romanization)
σκῠνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σκῠ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῠνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκῠ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκῠνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῠνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῠνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκῠνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῠνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκῠνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σκῠ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῠνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκῠ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σκῠ́νῐον (singular vocative)
σκῠνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σκῠ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the word derives from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover”) and belongs together with Proto-Germanic *skūrō (“shelter, shack”), Latin obscūrus (“dark, obscure”), so that an r/n-stem is supposed. With a suffix -l-, there is σκύλος (skúlos, “animal's skin, hide”), σκῦλα (skûla, “spolia”). Perhaps the root is seen in Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers, protects”).


εἶρος

grc-noun

εἶρος • (eîros) n (genitive εἴρεος); third declension

eîros (romanization)
εἴρεος (genitive)
τὸ εἶρος (nominative singular)
τὼ εἴρεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ εἴρεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ εἴρεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν εἰρέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εἰρέων (genitive plural)
τῷ εἴρεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν εἰρέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς εἴρεσῐ (dative plural)
εἴρεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs eíresi (dative plural)
toîs eíresin (dative plural)
τὸ εἶρος (accusative singular)
τὼ εἴρεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ εἴρεᾰ (accusative plural)
εἶρος (singular vocative)
εἴρεε (dual vocative)
εἴρεᾰ (plural vocative)

This word ultimately continues *ϝέρϝος (*wérwos), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“lamb”), the same root of Latin vervēx (“wether”) and ἀρήν (arḗn, “lamb”).


μελανοπλόκαμος

μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμος (canonical)
melanoplókamos (romanization)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον (neuter)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον (neuter nominative singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (dual neuter nominative)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μου (genitive neuter singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοιν (dual genitive neuter)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μων (genitive neuter plural)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μῳ (dative neuter singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοιν (dative dual neuter)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μοις (dative neuter plural)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον (accusative neuter singular)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (accusative dual neuter)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον (neuter singular vocative)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μω (dual neuter vocative)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰ́μως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰμώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
μελᾰνοπλοκᾰμώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

grc-adecl

μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμος

μελᾰνοπλόκᾰμον

From μέλας (mélas, “black”) + πλόκᾰμος (plókamos, “braid, tress”).


πλόκαμος

grc-noun

πλόκᾰμος • (plókamos) m (genitive πλοκᾰ́μου); second declension

πλόκᾰμος (canonical)
plókamos (romanization)
πλοκᾰ́μου (genitive)
ὁ πλόκᾰμος (nominative singular)
τὼ πλοκᾰ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ πλόκᾰμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλοκᾰ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλοκᾰ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλοκᾰ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ πλοκᾰ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλοκᾰ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλοκᾰ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν πλόκᾰμον (accusative singular)
τὼ πλοκᾰ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πλοκᾰ́μους (accusative plural)
πλόκᾰμε (singular vocative)
πλοκᾰ́μω (dual vocative)
πλόκᾰμοι (plural vocative)

(in the plural) locks, curling hair, especially of women


συγχόνδρωσις

σῠγχόνδρωσῐς

σῠγχονδρώσεως

σῠγχόνδρωσῐς • (sunkhóndrōsis) f (genitive σῠγχονδρώσεως); third declension

σῠγχόνδρωσῐς (canonical)
sunkhóndrōsis (romanization)
σῠγχονδρώσεως (genitive)
ἡ σῠγχόνδρωσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠγχονδρώσει (dual nominative)
αἱ σῠγχονδρώσεις (nominative plural)
τῆς σῠγχονδρώσεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠγχονδρωσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠγχονδρώσεων (genitive plural)
τῇ σῠγχονδρώσει (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠγχονδρωσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῠγχονδρώσεσῐ (dative plural)
σῠγχονδρώσεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs sunkhondrṓsesi (dative plural)
taîs sunkhondrṓsesin (dative plural)
τὴν σῠγχόνδρωσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠγχονδρώσει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῠγχονδρώσεις (accusative plural)
σῠγχόνδρωσῐ (singular vocative)
σῠγχονδρώσει (dual vocative)
σῠγχονδρώσεις (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σῠγχόνδρωσῐς

→ English: synchondrosis

From σῠν- (sun-, “with, together”) + χόνδρος (khóndros, “gristle, cartilage”) + -ωσῐς (-ōsis, “state, condition”).

af

(anatomy) A junction of two bones by cartilage.


κόγχη

grc-noun

κόγχη • (kónkhē) f (genitive κόγχης); first declension

kónkhē (romanization)
κόγχης (genitive)
ἡ κόγχη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόγχᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόγχαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόγχης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόγχαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κογχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόγχῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόγχαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόγχαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόγχην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόγχᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόγχᾱς (accusative plural)
κόγχη (singular vocative)
κόγχᾱ (dual vocative)
κόγχαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: concha (see there for further descendants)

Probably from Pre-Greek, especially in view of the cluster -γχ- (-nkh-), which points to prenasalization in Pre-Greek terms. Compare καγκύλας (kankúlas, “mussel”) and κόχλος (kókhlos, “spiral conch, snail”), which both exhibit conclusively Pre-Greek variation.
Possibly related to Sanskrit शङ्ख (śaṅkhá-, “conch, mussel”), but not by common inheritance from Proto-Indo-European. Doublet of κόγχος (kónkhos).

cog

anything like a mussel shell, especially a shell-like cavity in the body:


κατάρροος

κᾰτᾰ́ρροος (canonical)
katárrhoos (romanization)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροον (neuter)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροον (neuter nominative singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (dual neuter nominative)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
κᾰτᾰρρόου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόου (genitive neuter singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
κᾰτᾰρρόοιν (dual genitive neuter)
κᾰτᾰρρόων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
κᾰτᾰρρόων (genitive neuter plural)
κᾰτᾰρρόῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόῳ (dative neuter singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
κᾰτᾰρρόοιν (dative dual neuter)
κᾰτᾰρρόοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
κᾰτᾰρρόοις (dative neuter plural)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροον (accusative neuter singular)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (accusative dual neuter)
κᾰτᾰρρόους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροον (neuter singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
κᾰτᾰρρόω (dual neuter vocative)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
κᾰτᾰ́ρροᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
κᾰτᾰρρόως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
κᾰτᾰρροώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
κᾰτᾰρροώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From κᾰτᾰρρέω (katarrhéō, “to flow down”) + -ος (-os, adjectival and nominal suffix).


χρέμμα

grc-noun

χρέμμᾰ • (khrémma) n (genitive χρέμμᾰτος); third declension

χρέμμᾰ (canonical)
khrémma (romanization)
χρέμμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ χρέμμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ χρέμμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χρέμμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χρέμμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χρεμμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χρεμμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ χρέμμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χρεμμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χρέμμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
χρέμμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khrémmasi (dative plural)
toîs khrémmasin (dative plural)
τὸ χρέμμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χρέμμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χρέμμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
χρέμμᾰ (singular vocative)
χρέμμᾰτε (dual vocative)
χρέμμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From χρέμπτομαι (khrémptomai, “to clear one's throat, cough”) + -μα (-ma).


λαπάρα

grc-noun

λᾰπάρᾱ • (lapárā) f (genitive λᾰπάρᾱς); first declension

λᾰπάρᾱ (canonical)
lapárā (romanization)
λᾰπάρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰπᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰπᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰπᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰπᾰ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰπᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰπᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
λᾰπᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
λᾰπᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

→⇒ English: laparo-

Perhaps from λαπαρός (laparós, “slack; hollow”)

flank (flesh between the last rib and the hip)


πτερύγιον

πτερύγῐον • (pterúgion) n (genitive πτερῠγίου); second declension

πτερύγῐον (canonical)
pterúgion (romanization)
πτερῠγίου (genitive)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτερῠγῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῠγῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πτερῠγῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτερῠγῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ πτερῠγῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (accusative plural)
πτερῠ́γῐον (singular vocative)
πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πτερύγιο (pterýgio)

→ Latin: pterygium

→ English: pterygium

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܢܦܐ (semantic loan)

From πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix), thus literally “winglet”.