κόρη

grc-noun

κόρη • (kórē) f (genitive κόρης); first declension

kórē (romanization)
κόρης (genitive)
ἡ κόρη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόρης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόρῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόραις (dative plural)
τὴν κόρην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόρᾱς (accusative plural)
κόρη (singular vocative)
κόρᾱ (dual vocative)
κόραι (plural vocative)

Greek: κόρη f (kóri)

→ English: kore, korephilia

→ Finnish: kore

→ Polish: kora f

From Proto-Hellenic *kórwā, whence also Mycenaean Greek 𐀒𐀷 (ko-wa). In this word, ᾱ (ā) shifted to η (ē) in Attic (see Attic–Ionic vowel shift on Wikipedia) because of the preceding ϝ (w). In words like ὥρᾱ (hṓrā), ρ prevented ᾱ from shifting to η, because there was no intervening ϝ (w).
Probably related to κορίζομαι (korízomai, “to caress, care for”). From *ḱerh₃- (“to feed, grow”), related to κορέννυμι (korénnumi, “to satisfy”).


μήτηρ

μήτηρ • (mḗtēr) f (genitive μητέρος or μητρός); third declension

mḗtēr (romanization)
μητέρος (genitive)
μητρός (genitive)
ἡ μήτηρ (nominative singular)
τὼ μητέρε (dual nominative)
αἱ μητέρες (nominative plural)
τῆς μητρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν μητέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μητέρων (genitive plural)
τῇ μητρῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν μητέροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μητρᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
μητρᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs mētrási (dative plural)
taîs mētrásin (dative plural)
τὴν μητέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μητέρε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μητέρᾰς (accusative plural)
μῆτερ (singular vocative)
μητέρε (dual vocative)
μητέρες (plural vocative)
μήτηρ (nominative singular)
μητέρε (dual nominative)
μητέρες (nominative plural)
μητέρος (genitive singular)
μητρός (genitive singular)
μητέροιν (dual genitive)
μητέρων (genitive plural)
μητέρῐ (dative singular)
μητρῐ́ (dative singular)
μητέροιν (dative dual)
μητρᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
μητρᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
mētrási (dative plural)
mētrásin (dative plural)
μητέρᾰ (accusative singular)
μητέρε (accusative dual)
μητέρᾰς (accusative plural)
μῆτερ (singular vocative)
μητέρε (dual vocative)
μητέρες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

μητέρος, μητρός

μητέρῐ, μητρῐ́

Greek: μητέρα (mitéra)

From Proto-Hellenic *mā́tēr (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀔𐀳𐀩 (ma-te-re), Doric μᾱ́τηρ (mā́tēr)), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Cognates include Phrygian ματαρ (matar), Old Armenian մայր (mayr), Latin māter, Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 (m-a-t-a /mātā/), Avestan 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar), Sanskrit मातृ (mā́tṛ), Old Church Slavonic мати (mati), and Old English mōdor (English mother).


γυνή

grc-noun

γῠνή • (gunḗ) f (genitive γῠναικός); third declension

γῠνή (canonical)
gunḗ (romanization)
γῠναικός (genitive)
ἡ γῠνή (nominative singular)
τὼ γῠναῖκε (dual nominative)
αἱ γῠναῖκες (nominative plural)
τῆς γῠναικός (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῠναικῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γῠναικί (dative singular)
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς γῠναιξί (dative plural)
γῠναιξίν (dative plural)
taîs gunaixí (dative plural)
taîs gunaixín (dative plural)
τὴν γῠναῖκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γῠναῖκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς (accusative plural)
γύναι (singular vocative)
γῠναῖκε (dual vocative)
γῠναῖκες (plural vocative)
ᾱ̔ γῠνά (nominative singular)
τὼ γῠναῖκε (dual nominative)
ταὶ γῠναῖκες (nominative plural)
τᾶς γῠναικός (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν (dual genitive)
τᾶν γῠναικᾶν (genitive plural)
τᾷ γῠναικί (dative singular)
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς γῠναιξί (dative plural)
γῠναιξίν (dative plural)
taîs gunaixí (dative plural)
taîs gunaixín (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ν γῠναῖκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γῠναῖκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς (accusative plural)
γύναι (singular vocative)
γῠναῖκε (dual vocative)
γῠναῖκες (plural vocative)

Greek (Modern & varieties):

⇒ Greek: γυναίκα (gynaíka)

⇒ Mariupol Greek: инэ́ка (inéka)

⇒ Tsakonian: γουναίκα (gounaíka)

From Proto-Hellenic *gʷonā. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀙𐀊 (ku-na-ja), Sanskrit ग्ना (gnā́), जनि (jáni), Old Armenian կին (kin), and Old English cwēn (English queen).
The weak stem is probably from the strong stem suffixed with *-keh₂ (compare μέγᾰς (mégas)). Compare also Latin mulier for the development of using hypocorisms to refer to women.

Γυναῖκα γὰρ δὴ συμπονεῖν γυναικὶ χρή.


ἀδελφή

ἀδελφή • (adelphḗ) f (genitive ἀδελφῆς); first declension

adelphḗ (romanization)
ἀδελφῆς (genitive)
ἡ ἀδελφή (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀδελφᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀδελφαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀδελφῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀδελφαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀδελφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀδελφῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀδελφαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀδελφαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ἀδελφήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀδελφᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀδελφᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ἀδελφή (singular vocative)
ἀδελφᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ἀδελφαί (plural vocative)

Greek: αδελφή (adelfí) or αδερφή (aderfí)

Mariupol Greek: адъерфи́ (aðjerfí)

Feminine form of ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother”). Displaced the reflex of Proto-Indo-European *swésōr (“sister”).

some other female relation, such as wife or cousin


νύμφη

νῠ́μφη • (númphē) f (genitive νῠ́μφης); first declension

νῠ́μφη (canonical)
númphē (romanization)
νῠ́μφης (genitive)
ἡ νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
τὴν νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)
νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dual genitive)
númphain (dual genitive)
númphaiin (dual genitive)
númphēiin (dual genitive)
νῠμφᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφέ͜ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dative dual)
númphain (dative dual)
númphaiin (dative dual)
númphēiin (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃσῐ (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃσῐν (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃς (dative plural)
νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
númphēisi (dative plural)
númphēisin (dative plural)
númphēis (dative plural)
númphais (dative plural)
νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾰ (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

νῠ́μφη, νῠ́μφᾰ

desc

Greek: νύμφη (nýmfi, “nymph; bride”), νύφη (nýfi, “bride; in-law”)

Mariupol Greek: нимф (nimf, “fairy”), ныф (nyf, “bride; in-law”)

→ Latin: lympha, nympha (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: ни́мфа (nímfa)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), and compared with Latin nūbō (“to marry”) (whence English nubile). However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, as the preceding theory does not explain the origin of the inner nasal -μ- (-m-); others including Kretschmer have also argued for substrate origin, comparing the proper name Νυμφασία (Numphasía).

der

[…]: καί ῥα ἄνακτος ἐναντίον εἵλετο τόξον Φοίβου Ἀπόλλωνος καλλισφύρου εἵνεκα νύμφης, […]
[…]: kaí rha ánaktos enantíon heíleto tóxon Phoíbou Apóllōnos kallisphúrou heíneka númphēs,[…]

young, nubile woman; marriageable maiden

Καὶ νύμφη αὐτοῦ γυνὴ Φινεὲς συνειληφυῖα τοῦ τεκεῖν· […]
Kaì númphē autoû gunḕ Phineès suneilēphuîa toû tekeîn;[…]

Καὶ εἶπε Νωεμὶν, ταῖς δυσὶ νύμφαις αὐτῆς […]
Kaì eîpe Nōemìn, taîs dusì númphais autês[…]

bride, young wife
(Epigraphic Ancient Greek) young girl

[…], νύμφας δ᾽ ἐκ θαλάμων δαΐδων ὕπο λαμπομενάων ἠγίνεον ἀνὰ ἄστυ, […]

314 CE – 393 CE, Libanius, Orations 11.28

(Greek mythology, sometimes capitalized) nymph, goddess of lower rank

goddess of springs; (poetry) spring, spring water


θυγάτηρ

grc-noun

θυγάτηρ • (thugátēr) f (genitive θῠγᾰτέρος or θῠγᾰτρός); third declension

thugátēr (romanization)
θῠγᾰτέρος (genitive)
θῠγᾰτρός (genitive)
ἡ θῠγᾰ́τηρ (nominative singular)
τὼ θῠγᾰ́τερε (dual nominative)
αἱ θῠγᾰτέρες (nominative plural)
θῠ́γᾰτρες (nominative plural)
τῆς θῠγᾰτέρος (genitive singular)
θῠγᾰτρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν θῠγᾰτέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θῠγᾰτέρων (genitive plural)
θῠγᾰτρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θῠγᾰτέρῐ (dative singular)
θῠγᾰτρί (dative singular)
τοῖν θῠγᾰτέροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θῠγᾰτέρσῐ (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτέρσῐν (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs thugatérsi (dative plural)
taîs thugatérsin (dative plural)
thugatrási (dative plural)
thugatrásin (dative plural)
τὴν θῠγᾰ́τερᾰ (accusative singular)
θῠγᾰτέρᾰ (accusative singular)
θῠ́γᾰτρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θῠγᾰ́τερε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θῠγᾰτέρᾰς (accusative plural)
θῠγᾰ́τερ (singular vocative)
θῠ́γᾰτερ (singular vocative)
θῠγᾰ́τερε (dual vocative)
θῠγᾰτέρες (plural vocative)
θῠ́γᾰτρες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

θῠγᾰτέρος, θῠγᾰτρός

θῠγᾰτέρῐ, θῠγᾰτρί

θῠγᾰ́τερᾰ, θῠγᾰτέρᾰ, θῠ́γᾰτρᾰ

θῠγᾰ́τερ, θῠ́γᾰτερ

θῠγᾰτέρες, θῠ́γᾰτρες

θῠγᾰτέρων, θῠγᾰτρῶν

θῠγᾰτέρσῐ(ν), θῠγᾰτρᾰ́σῐ(ν)

desc

Greek: θυγατέρα (thygatéra), δυχατέρα (dychatéra)

Doric Greek: συγάτηρ (sugátēr)

Tsakonian: σάτη (sáti)

From earlier *θύγατηρ (*thúgatēr) (compare with the Homeric accusative form θύγατρα (thúgatra) created to avoid the four syllables of θυγατέρα (thugatéra) and fit the hexameter) via Limitation Law which required the accent to be placed on the last two syllables, due to the long final syllable. Further via Proto-Hellenic *tʰúgatēr (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀶𐀏𐀳 (tu-ka-te /tʰúgatēr/)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr. Cognate with Sanskrit दुहितृ (dúhitṛ), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰𐍂 (dauhtar), Old Church Slavonic дъщи (dŭšti), Old English dohtor (whence English daughter) and Old High German tohter (cp. German Tochter).


ἐνάτηρ

grc-noun

ἐνάτηρ • (enátēr) f (genitive εἰνάτερος); third declension

enátēr (romanization)
εἰνάτερος (genitive)
ἡ ἐνᾰ́τηρ (nominative singular)
αἱ εἰνᾰ́τερες (nominative plural)
τῆς εἰνᾰ́τερος (genitive singular)
τῶν εἰνᾰτέρων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐνατρί (dative singular)
ταῖς εἰνᾰ́τερσῐ (dative plural)
εἰνᾰ́τερσῐν (dative plural)
taîs einátersi (dative plural)
taîs einátersin (dative plural)
τὴν εἰνᾰ́τερᾰ (accusative singular)
τᾱ̀ς εἰνᾰ́τερᾰς (accusative plural)
εἴνατερ (singular vocative)
εἰνᾰ́τερες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

Not actually attested in all forms. The accusative singular and plural as well as the dative and vocative plural are conjectural.

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁yenh₂tēr. Cognates include Latin janitrīcēs, Sanskrit यातृ (yātṛ), Old Armenian ներ (ner) and Old Church Slavonic ꙗтрꙑ (jatry).

the wife of husband’s brother: sister-in-law, co-sister-in-law


γάλως

grc-noun

γᾰ́λως • (gálōs) f (genitive γᾰ́λω); second declension

γᾰ́λως • (gálōs) f (genitive γᾰ́λωτος); third declension

γᾰ́λως (canonical)
gálōs (romanization)
γᾰ́λω (genitive)
γᾰ́λως (canonical)
gálōs (romanization)
γᾰ́λωτος (genitive)
ἡ γᾰ́λως (nominative singular)
τὼ γᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
αἱ γᾰ́λῳ (nominative plural)
τῆς γᾰ́λω (genitive singular)
τοῖν γᾰ́λῳν (dual genitive)
τῶν γᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῇ γᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γᾰ́λῳν (dative dual)
ταῖς γᾰ́λῳς (dative plural)
τὴν γᾰ́λω (accusative singular)
γᾰ́λων (accusative singular)
tḕn gálō (accusative singular)
tḕn gálōn (accusative singular)
τὼ γᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰ́λως (accusative plural)
γᾰ́λως (singular vocative)
γᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
γᾰ́λῳ (plural vocative)
ἡ γᾰ́λως (nominative singular)
τὼ γᾰ́λωτε (dual nominative)
αἱ γᾰ́λωτες (nominative plural)
τῆς γᾰ́λωτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γᾰλώτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γᾰλώτων (genitive plural)
τῇ γᾰ́λωτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γᾰλώτοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γᾰ́λωσῐ (dative plural)
γᾰ́λωσῐν (dative plural)
taîs gálōsi (dative plural)
taîs gálōsin (dative plural)
τὴν γᾰ́λωτᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γᾰ́λωτε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰ́λωτᾰς (accusative plural)
γᾰ́λως (singular vocative)
γᾰ́λωτε (dual vocative)
γᾰ́λωτες (plural vocative)

Probably from Proto-Hellenic *galawos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂lōws. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic зълъва (zŭlŭva) (Russian золовка (zolovka)), Latin glōs, Phrygian γέλαρος (gélaros) and Old Armenian տալ (tal).

sister-in-law: husband's sister or brother's wife


νυός

νῠός • (nuós) f (genitive νῠοῦ); second declension

νῠός (canonical)
nuós (romanization)
νῠοῦ (genitive)
ἡ νῠός (nominative singular)
τὼ νῠώ (dual nominative)
αἱ νῠοί (nominative plural)
τῆς νῠοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νῠῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῠοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῠοῖς (dative plural)
τὴν νῠόν (accusative singular)
τὼ νῠώ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῠούς (accusative plural)
νῠέ (singular vocative)
νῠώ (dual vocative)
νῠοί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *snusós. Cognate to Sanskrit स्नुषा (snuṣā́), Latin nurus.


ἀννίς

head

ἀννίς • (annís) f (genitive unknown (possibly ãννιοσ))

annís (romanization)
(possibly ãννιοσ) (genitive unknown)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-ih₂- (“grandmother”). Cognates include Latin anus (“old woman”), Old Armenian հան (han, “grandmother”) and Lithuanian anýta (“mother-in-law”).

(hapax) maternal or paternal grandmother.


πολιτική

grc-noun

πολῑτῐκή • (polītikḗ) f (genitive πολῑτῐκῆς); first declension

πολῑτῐκή (canonical)
polītikḗ (romanization)
πολῑτῐκῆς (genitive)
ἡ πολῑτῐκή (nominative singular)
τὼ πολῑτῐκᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πολῑτῐκαί (nominative plural)
τῆς πολῑτῐκῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πολῑτῐκαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πολῑτῐκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πολῑτῐκῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν πολῑτῐκαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πολῑτῐκαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πολῑτῐκήν (accusative singular)
τὼ πολῑτῐκᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πολῑτῐκᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πολῑτῐκή (singular vocative)
πολῑτῐκᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πολῑτῐκαί (plural vocative)


πενθερά

πενθερᾱ́ • (pentherā́) f (genitive πενθερᾱ́ς); first declension

πενθερᾱ́ (canonical)
pentherā́ (romanization)
πενθερᾱ́ς (genitive)
ἡ πενθερᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ πενθερᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πενθεραί (nominative plural)
τῆς πενθερᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πενθεραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πενθερῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πενθερᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πενθεραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πενθεραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πενθερᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ πενθερᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πενθερᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πενθερᾱ́ (singular vocative)
πενθερᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πενθεραί (plural vocative)

Greek: πενθερά (pentherá)

Feminine form of πενθερός (pentherós, “father-in-law”).


κῦμα

κῦμᾰ • (kûma) n (genitive κῡ́μᾰτος); third declension

κῦμᾰ (canonical)
kûma (romanization)
κῡ́μᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κῦμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῡ́μᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῡ́μᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῡ́μᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῡμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῡμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κῡ́μᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῡμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῡ́μᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κῡ́μᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kū́masi (dative plural)
toîs kū́masin (dative plural)
τὸ κῦμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κῡ́μᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῡ́μᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κῦμᾰ (singular vocative)
κῡ́μᾰτε (dual vocative)
κῡ́μᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κύμα (kýma)

Mariupol Greek: ки́ма (kíma)

→ Latin: cȳma (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Hellenic *kūmə, equivalent to κῠ́ω (kúō, “conceive”) + -μᾰ (-ma).


ἄνανδρος

ánandros (romanization)
ἄνανδρον (neuter)
ἄνανδρος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
ἄνανδρον (neuter nominative singular)
ἀνάνδρω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
ἀνάνδρω (dual neuter nominative)
ἄνανδροι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
ἄνανδρᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
ἀνάνδρου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
ἀνάνδρου (genitive neuter singular)
ἀνάνδροιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
ἀνάνδροιν (dual genitive neuter)
ἀνάνδρων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
ἀνάνδρων (genitive neuter plural)
ἀνάνδρῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
ἀνάνδρῳ (dative neuter singular)
ἀνάνδροιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
ἀνάνδροιν (dative dual neuter)
ἀνάνδροις (dative feminine masculine plural)
ἀνάνδροις (dative neuter plural)
ἄνανδρον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
ἄνανδρον (accusative neuter singular)
ἀνάνδρω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
ἀνάνδρω (accusative dual neuter)
ἀνάνδρους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
ἄνανδρᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
ἄνανδρε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
ἄνανδρον (neuter singular vocative)
ἀνάνδρω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
ἀνάνδρω (dual neuter vocative)
ἄνανδροι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
ἄνανδρᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
ἀνάνδρως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ἀνανδρότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ἀνανδρότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

→ English: anandrous

From ἀ- (a-, “not, without”) + ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man, husband”).


γραῦς

grc-noun

γραῦς • (graûs) f (genitive γρᾱός); third declension

graûs (romanization)
γρᾱός (genitive)
ἡ γραῦς (nominative singular)
τὼ γρᾶε (dual nominative)
αἱ γρᾶες (nominative plural)
τῆς γρᾱός (genitive singular)
τοῖν γρᾱοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γρᾱῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γρᾱΐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γρᾱοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς γραυσῐ́ (dative plural)
γραυσῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs grausí (dative plural)
taîs grausín (dative plural)
τὴν γραῦν (accusative singular)
τὼ γρᾶε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γραῦς (accusative plural)
γραῦ (singular vocative)
γρᾶε (dual vocative)
γρᾶες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *grāū́s, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂-yéw-s, from *ǵerh₂- (“grow old”).


δμῳή

δμῳή • (dmōiḗ) f (genitive δμῳῆς); first declension

dmōiḗ (romanization)
δμῳῆς (genitive)
ἡ δμῳή (nominative singular)
τὼ δμῳᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ δμῳαί (nominative plural)
τῆς δμῳῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν δμῳαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δμῳῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δμῳῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν δμῳαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς δμῳαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν δμῳήν (accusative singular)
τὼ δμῳᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δμῳᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
δμῳή (singular vocative)
δμῳᾱ́ (dual vocative)
δμῳαί (plural vocative)
δμῳή (nominative singular)
δμῳᾱ́ (dual nominative)
δμῳαί (nominative plural)
δμῳῆς (genitive singular)
δμῳαῖν (dual genitive)
δμῳαῖῐν (dual genitive)
δμῳῇῐν (dual genitive)
dmōiaîn (dual genitive)
dmōiaîin (dual genitive)
dmōiêiin (dual genitive)
δμῳᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
δμῳέ͜ων (genitive plural)
δμῳῶν (genitive plural)
δμῳῇ (dative singular)
δμῳαῖν (dative dual)
δμῳαῖῐν (dative dual)
δμῳῇῐν (dative dual)
dmōiaîn (dative dual)
dmōiaîin (dative dual)
dmōiêiin (dative dual)
δμῳῇσῐ (dative plural)
δμῳῇσῐν (dative plural)
δμῳῇς (dative plural)
δμῳαῖς (dative plural)
dmōiêisi (dative plural)
dmōiêisin (dative plural)
dmōiêis (dative plural)
dmōiaîs (dative plural)
δμῳήν (accusative singular)
δμῳᾱ́ (accusative dual)
δμῳᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
δμῳή (singular vocative)
δμῳᾱ́ (dual vocative)
δμῳαί (plural vocative)

/dmɔːi̯.ɛ̌ː/

/dmɔːi̯.ɛ̌ː/

Feminine singular of δμῳός (dmōiós), alternative form of δμώς (dmṓs), from the root of δᾰμᾰ́ζω (damázō, “to tame”), from Proto-Indo-European *demh₂-.

(by extension) female slave (in general)


κύημα

κῠ́ημᾰ • (kúēma) n (genitive κῠήμᾰτος); third declension

κῠ́ημᾰ (canonical)
kúēma (romanization)
κῠήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κύημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κυήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κυήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κυήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κυημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κυημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κυήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κυημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κυήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κυήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kuḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs kuḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ κύημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κυήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κυήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κύημᾰ (singular vocative)
κυήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κυήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From κυέω (kuéō, “to be pregnant”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

(botany) That which is swollen as the result of growth, a sprout


παλλακή

παλλᾰκή • (pallakḗ) f (genitive παλλᾰκῆς); first declension

παλλᾰκή (canonical)
pallakḗ (romanization)
παλλᾰκῆς (genitive)
ἡ παλλᾰκή (nominative singular)
τὼ παλλᾰκᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ παλλᾰκαί (nominative plural)
τῆς παλλᾰκῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν παλλᾰκαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν παλλᾰκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ παλλᾰκῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν παλλᾰκαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς παλλᾰκαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν παλλᾰκήν (accusative singular)
τὼ παλλᾰκᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς παλλᾰκᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
παλλᾰκή (singular vocative)
παλλᾰκᾱ́ (dual vocative)
παλλᾰκαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pallaca

The word may well be Pre-Greek, in view of the suffix "-ακ-". Similarly, Levin regards Latin paelex (“mistress”) as a loanword from a Mediterranean language, maybe a Semitic one, in view of Hebrew פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pilegesh, “concubine”). Other connections that have been proposed include Middle Irish airech (“concubine, wanton woman”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬐𐬁 (paⁱrikā, “beautiful women seducing pious men”), Middle Persian [Term?] (/parīg/), Khotanese 𑀧𑀮𑀻𑀓𑀸 (palīkā), and Old Armenian պարիկ (parik), all of which Beekes dismisses for formal or semantic reasons.


Ἀρήτη

grc-proper noun

Ᾱ̓ρήτη • (Ārḗtē) f (genitive Ᾱ̓ρήτης); first declension

Ᾱ̓ρήτη (canonical)
Ārḗtē (romanization)
Ᾱ̓ρήτης (genitive)
ἡ Ᾱ̓ρήτη (nominative singular)
τῆς Ᾱ̓ρήτης (genitive singular)
τῇ Ᾱ̓ρήτῃ (dative singular)
τὴν Ᾱ̓ρήτην (accusative singular)
Ᾱ̓ρήτη (singular vocative)

From ἀράομαι (aráomai), thus ‘she who is prayed for’.

Queen Arete, wife of Alcinous and mother of Nausicaa.


κασίγνητος

grc-noun

κᾰσίγνητος • (kasígnētos) m or f (genitive κᾰσιγνήτου); second declension

κᾰσίγνητος (canonical)
kasígnētos (romanization)
κᾰσιγνήτου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ κᾰσῐ́γνητος (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰσῐγνήτω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ κᾰσῐ́γνητοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς κᾰσῐγνήτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰσῐγνήτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰσῐγνήτων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ κᾰσῐγνήτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰσῐγνήτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς κᾰσῐγνήτοις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν κᾰσῐ́γνητον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰσῐγνήτω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰσῐγνήτους (accusative plural)
κᾰσῐ́γνητε (singular vocative)
κᾰσῐγνήτω (dual vocative)
κᾰσῐ́γνητοι (plural vocative)
κᾰσῐ́γνητος (nominative singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτω (dual nominative)
κᾰσῐ́γνητοι (nominative plural)
κᾰσῐγνήτου (genitive singular)
κᾰσῐγνητοῖο (genitive singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτοιο (genitive singular)
κᾰσῐγνητόο (genitive singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτοο (genitive singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτοιῐν (dual genitive)
κᾰσῐγνήτων (genitive plural)
κᾰσῐγνήτῳ (dative singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτοιῐν (dative dual)
κᾰσῐγνήτοισῐ (dative plural)
κᾰσῐγνήτοισῐν (dative plural)
κᾰσῐγνήτοις (dative plural)
kasignḗtoisi (dative plural)
kasignḗtoisin (dative plural)
kasignḗtois (dative plural)
κᾰσῐ́γνητον (accusative singular)
κᾰσῐγνήτω (accusative dual)
κᾰσῐγνήτους (accusative plural)
κᾰσῐ́γνητε (singular vocative)
κᾰσῐγνήτω (dual vocative)
κᾰσῐ́γνητοι (plural vocative)

From κάσις (kásis, “brother, sister”) (see καί (kaí)) + the root of γίγνομαι (gígnomai).


παράκοιτις

πᾰράκοιτῐς • (parákoitis) f (genitive πᾰρᾰκοίτῐος); third declension

πᾰράκοιτῐς (canonical)
parákoitis (romanization)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐος (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰ́κοιτῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰκοίτῐε (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰκοίτῐες (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰκοίτῐος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰκοιτῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰκοιτῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰκοίτῑ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰκοιτῐ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰκοίτῐσῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs parakoítisi (dative plural)
taîs parakoítisin (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰ́κοιτῐν (accusative singular)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰκοίτῐε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰκοίτῑς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰ́κοιτῐ (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐε (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰκοίτῐες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πᾰρᾰ́κοιτῐν, πᾰρᾰκοίτῐδᾰ

παρα- (para-, “alongside”) + κοίτη (koítē, “bed”), thus literally ‘bed partner’.


δάμαρ

grc-noun

δᾰ́μᾰρ • (dámar) f (genitive δᾰ́μᾰρτος); third declension

δᾰ́μᾰρ (canonical)
dámar (romanization)
δᾰ́μᾰρτος (genitive)
ἡ δᾰ́μᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ δᾰ́μᾰρτε (dual nominative)
αἱ δᾰ́μᾰρτες (nominative plural)
τῆς δᾰ́μᾰρτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δᾰμᾰ́ρτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δᾰμᾰ́ρτων (genitive plural)
τῇ δᾰ́μᾰρτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δᾰμᾰ́ρτοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δᾰ́μᾰρσῐ (dative plural)
δᾰ́μᾰρσῐν (dative plural)
taîs dámarsi (dative plural)
taîs dámarsin (dative plural)
τὴν δᾰ́μᾰρτᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δᾰ́μᾰρτε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δᾰ́μᾰρτᾰς (accusative plural)
δᾰ́μᾰρ (singular vocative)
δᾰ́μᾰρτε (dual vocative)
δᾰ́μᾰρτες (plural vocative)

Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm (“house, home”), like δόμος (dómos, “dwelling”), and the root ἀρ- in ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to join, fit together”). Perhaps more likely from an -r/n-stem like Proto-Indo-European *dómh₂-r̥ (from Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“tame”)), with the -τ- taken over from the n-stem forms.
However, the word could also be of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -αρ.


ὄαρ

grc-noun

ὄᾰρ • (óar) f (genitive ὄᾰρος); third declension

ὄᾰρ (canonical)
óar (romanization)
ὄᾰρος (genitive)
ἡ ὄᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄᾰρε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄᾰρες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄᾰρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄᾰρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄᾰρσῐ (dative plural)
ὄᾰρσῐν (dative plural)
taîs óarsi (dative plural)
taîs óarsin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄᾰρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄᾰρε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄᾰρᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄᾰρ (singular vocative)
ὄᾰρε (dual vocative)
ὄᾰρες (plural vocative)

Looking at ὀαρίζω (oarízō, “to converse, chat with”), it is thought that this word originally meant "confidential intercourse", whence "confidential company, wife". A good etymology has not been found. According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek. Maybe from *h₁ós-r̥ "female", whence also feminine numeral *tisr-, according to Kim.


τήθη

τήθη • (tḗthē) f (genitive τήθης); first declension

tḗthē (romanization)
τήθης (genitive)
ἡ τήθη (nominative singular)
τὼ τήθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τῆθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τήθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τήθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τηθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τήθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τήθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τήθαις (dative plural)
τὴν τήθην (accusative singular)
τὼ τήθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τήθᾱς (accusative plural)
τήθη (singular vocative)
τήθᾱ (dual vocative)
τῆθαι (plural vocative)

Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁dʰ-. Others prefer to connect it with Proto-Slavic *dědъ (“grandfather”), Lithuanian dė̃dė, dė̃dis (“uncle”) and Latvian dȩ̀ds (“old man”).


Ἀχαιιάς

Ἀχαιῐάς • (Akhaiiás) f (genitive Ἀχαιῐάδος); third declension

Ἀχαιῐάς (canonical)
Akhaiiás (romanization)
Ἀχαιῐάδος (genitive)
ἡ Ἀχαιῐά̆ς (nominative singular)
τὼ Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Ἀχαιῐᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
Ἀχαιῐᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs Akhaiiási (dative plural)
taîs Akhaiiásin (dative plural)
τὴν Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
Ἀχαιῐά̆ς (singular vocative)
Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
Ἀχαιῐᾰ́δες (plural vocative)


νίννη

νῐ́ννη • (nínnē) f (genitive νῐ́ννης); first declension

νῐ́ννη (canonical)
nínnē (romanization)
νῐ́ννης (genitive)
ἡ νῐ́ννη (nominative singular)
τὼ νῐ́ννᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νῐ́νναι (nominative plural)
τῆς νῐ́ννης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῐ́νναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῐννῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νῐ́ννῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῐ́νναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῐ́νναις (dative plural)
τὴν νῐ́ννην (accusative singular)
τὼ νῐ́ννᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῐ́ννᾱς (accusative plural)
νῐ́ννη (singular vocative)
νῐ́ννᾱ (dual vocative)
νῐ́νναι (plural vocative)

From the same onomatopoeic origin of νόννος (nónnos, “father”), νάννας (nánnas, “uncle”) and νέννος (nénnos, “uncle”).


μεῖραξ

μεῖρᾰξ • (meîrax) f or m (genitive μείρᾰκος); third declension

μεῖρᾰξ (canonical)
meîrax (romanization)
μείρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ μεῖρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μείρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ μείρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς μείρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μειρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μειρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ μείρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μειρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς μείρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
μείρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs meíraxi (dative plural)
taîs meíraxin (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν μείρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μείρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς μείρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
μεῖρᾰξ (singular vocative)
μείρᾰκε (dual vocative)
μείρᾰκες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, we have to start from a noun, perhaps *μεῖρος (*meîros), which would agree with Sanskrit मर्य (marya, “young man, suitor, lover”) and Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (maⁱriia, “yeoman”). A feminine *μεῖρα (*meîra) may be also considered. As a remote cognate, Lithuanian mergà (“girl”) has been adduced and, with different vocalism, Lithuanian martì (“daughter-in-law”); also, the unclear Latin marītus (“married”). Nowadays, Celtic words are also connected, like Welsh morwyn (“maiden, virgin”) and Cornish moren (“maiden”). The connection with Albanian shemër (“second wife”) is hardly convincing. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méryos (“boy, girl”).


Ἀμβρακιῶτις

grc-noun

Ἀμβρακιώτιδος

Ἀμβρᾰκῐῶτῐς • (Ambrakiôtis) f (genitive Ἀμβρακιώτιδος); third declension

Ἀμβρᾰκῐῶτῐς (canonical)
Ambrakiôtis (romanization)
Ἀμβρακιώτιδος (genitive)
ἡ Ἀμβρᾰκῐῶτῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν Ἀμβρᾰκῐωτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν Ἀμβρᾰκῐωτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν Ἀμβρᾰκῐωτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐσῐ (dative plural)
Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs Ambrakiṓtisi (dative plural)
taîs Ambrakiṓtisin (dative plural)
τὴν Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
Ἀμβρᾰκῐῶτῐς (singular vocative)
Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδε (dual vocative)
Ἀμβρᾰκῐώτῐδες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

Ἀμβρᾰκῐῶτῐδος

From Ἀμβρᾰκῐ́ᾱ (Ambrakíā, “Ambracia”) + -ῶτις (-ôtis, feminine demonymic suffix).

af

a female inhabitant of Ambracia; an Ambracian woman


ἀποκύημα

grc-noun

ἀποκύημα • (apokúēma) n (genitive ἀποκυήματος); third declension

apokúēma (romanization)
ἀποκυήματος (genitive)
τὸ ἀποκύημᾰ (nominative singular)
τᾰ̀ ἀποκυήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀποκυήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τῶν ἀποκυημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀποκυήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖς ἀποκυήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἀποκυήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs apokuḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs apokuḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἀποκύημᾰ (accusative singular)
τᾰ̀ ἀποκυήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀποκύημᾰ (singular vocative)
ἀποκυήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: αποκύημα (apokýima)

From ἀποκυέω (apokuéō) + -μα (-ma), also interpretable as ἀπο- (apo-) + κύημα (kúēma).

3rd century C.E., Clement of Rome, Clementine Homilies 6.4

6th century C.E., Leontius of Jerusalem, Patrologia Graeca 86.1928A