σανδάλιον

grc-noun

σανδάλιον • (sandálion) n (genitive σανδαλίου); second declension

sandálion (romanization)
σανδαλίου (genitive)
τὸ σανδάλιον (nominative singular)
τὼ σανδαλίω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σανδάλιᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σανδαλίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σανδαλίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σανδαλίων (genitive plural)
τῷ σανδαλίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σανδαλίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σανδαλίοις (dative plural)
τὸ σανδάλιον (accusative singular)
τὼ σανδαλίω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σανδάλιᾰ (accusative plural)
σανδάλιον (singular vocative)
σανδαλίω (dual vocative)
σανδάλιᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: صَنْدَل (ṣandal)

→ Latin: sandalium

σάνδαλον (sándalon) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive), of uncertain origin, possibly loaned from Parthian, Persian, or another substrate of Asia Minor.


κόθορνος

grc-noun

κόθορνος • (kóthornos) m (genitive κοθόρνου); second declension

kóthornos (romanization)
κοθόρνου (genitive)
ὁ κόθορνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κοθόρνω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόθορνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοθόρνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοθόρνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοθόρνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοθόρνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοθόρνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοθόρνοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόθορνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κοθόρνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοθόρνους (accusative plural)
κόθορνε (singular vocative)
κοθόρνω (dual vocative)
κόθορνοι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: cothurnus
→ English: cothurn (learned)
→ French: cothurne (learned)
→ German: Kothurn (learned)
→ Italian: coturno (learned)
→ Polish: koturn (learned)
→ Russian: коту́рн (kotúrn) (learned)
→ Spanish: coturno (learned)

Spanish: coturno

From Lydian according to Jonkees, but more probably from Pre-Greek.

buskin, high boot, which covered the whole foot and half the leg, with thick soles, used by actors to increase their height


ὑπόδημα

grc-noun

ῠ̔πόδημᾰ • (hupódēma) n (genitive ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτος); third declension

ῠ̔πόδημᾰ (canonical)
hupódēma (romanization)
ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ῠ̔πόδημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ποδημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔ποδημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ποδημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῠ̔ποδήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ῠ̔ποδήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hupodḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs hupodḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ῠ̔πόδημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ῠ̔πόδημᾰ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ῠ̔ποδήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: υπόδημα (ypódima)

From ὑποδέω (hupodéō, “to bind underneath”) + -μα (-ma) (these were fastened to the feet with straps).


ἔμβλημα

grc-noun

ἔμβλημᾰ • (émblēma) n (genitive ἐμβλήμᾰτος); third declension

ἔμβλημᾰ (canonical)
émblēma (romanization)
ἐμβλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἔμβλημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμβλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐμβλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐμβλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμβλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμβλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐμβλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμβλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐμβλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐμβλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs emblḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs emblḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ ἔμβλημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμβλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐμβλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔμβλημᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐμβλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐμβλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: emblēma

→ English: emblem

→ French: emblème

→ Italian: emblema

→ Russian: эмбле́ма (embléma)

From ἐμβάλλω (embállō, “to put in, to lay on”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).


βλαύτη

βλαύτη • (blaútē) f (genitive βλαύτης); first declension

blaútē (romanization)
βλαύτης (genitive)
ἡ βλαύτη (nominative singular)
τὼ βλαύτᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βλαῦται (nominative plural)
τῆς βλαύτης (genitive singular)
τοῖν βλαύταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βλαυτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βλαύτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν βλαύταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βλαύταις (dative plural)
τὴν βλαύτην (accusative singular)
τὼ βλαύτᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βλαύτᾱς (accusative plural)
βλαύτη (singular vocative)
βλαύτᾱ (dual vocative)
βλαῦται (plural vocative)


ἀρβύλη

ἀρβύλη • (arbúlē) f (genitive ἀρβύλης); first declension

arbúlē (romanization)
ἀρβύλης (genitive)
ἡ ἀρβύλη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρβύλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρβύλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρβύλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρβύλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρβυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρβύλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρβύλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρβύλαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρβύλην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρβύλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρβύλᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀρβύλη (singular vocative)
ἀρβύλᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀρβύλαι (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: αρβύλα (arvýla)


συγχίς

συγχίς • (sunkhís) f (genitive συγχίδος); third declension

sunkhís (romanization)
συγχίδος (genitive)
ἡ σῠγχί̆ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠγχῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σῠγχῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σῠγχῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠγχῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠγχῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σῠγχῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠγχῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῠγχῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σῠγχῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs sunkhísi (dative plural)
taîs sunkhísin (dative plural)
τὴν σῠγχῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠγχῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῠγχῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σῠγχί̆ς (singular vocative)
σῠγχῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σῠγχῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Probably from a substrate language of Asia Minor, possibly Phrygian.


σάνδαλον

σάνδᾰλον • (sándalon) n (genitive σανδάλου); second declension

σάνδᾰλον (canonical)
sándalon (romanization)
σανδάλου (genitive)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σανδᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σανδᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σανδᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σανδᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σάνδᾰλον (singular vocative)
σανδᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σάνδᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Likely from Pre-Greek or some other foreign source, in view of the alternation "νδ/μβ".


πέδιλον

πέδῑλον • (pédīlon) n (genitive πεδῑ́λου); second declension

πέδῑλον (canonical)
pédīlon (romanization)
πεδῑ́λου (genitive)
τὸ πέδῑλον (nominative singular)
τὼ πεδῑ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πέδῑλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πεδῑ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεδῑ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεδῑ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ πεδῑ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεδῑ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πεδῑ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ πέδῑλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πεδῑ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πέδῑλᾰ (accusative plural)
πέδῑλον (singular vocative)
πεδῑ́λω (dual vocative)
πέδῑλᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πέδιλο (pédilo)

From Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“foot”); compare πούς (poús).


κλάπαι

κλάπαι • (klápai) f pl (genitive κλαπῶν); first declension

klápai (romanization)
κλαπῶν (genitive)
αἱ κλάπαι (nominative plural)
τῶν κλαπῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς κλάπαις (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς κλάπᾱς (accusative plural)
κλάπαι (plural vocative)

No etymology. Perhaps of onomatopoeic origin, after the clattering.

unk

No etymology


κρούπεζαι

grc-noun

κρούπεζαι • (kroúpezai) f pl (genitive κρουπεζῶν); first declension

kroúpezai (romanization)
κρουπεζῶν (genitive)
αἱ κρούπεζαι (nominative plural)
τῶν κρουπεζῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς κρουπέζαις (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς κρουπέζᾱς (accusative plural)
κρούπεζαι (plural vocative)

Traditionally explained as deriving from κρούω (kroúō, “to stamp, strike”) and πεζός (pezós, “on foot, walking”). However, the variant forms may also point to Pre-Greek origin.

high wooden shoes, used in Boeotia for treading olives


σόλιον

σόλῐον • (sólion) n (genitive σολῐ́ου); second declension

σόλῐον (canonical)
sólion (romanization)
σολῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σόλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σολῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σόλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σολῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σολῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σολῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σολῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σολῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σολῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σόλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σολῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σόλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σόλῐον (singular vocative)
σολῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σόλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin solea (“sandal”), solium (“seat, throne”).


ἀσκέρα

ἀσκέρᾰ • (askéra) f (genitive ἀσκέρᾱς); first declension

ἀσκέρᾰ (canonical)
askéra (romanization)
ἀσκέρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἀσκέρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκέρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀσκέραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀσκέρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκέραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκερῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀσκέρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκέραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀσκέραις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀσκέρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκέρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀσκέρᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀσκέρᾰ (singular vocative)
ἀσκέρᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀσκέραι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, it is clearly a loanword. Perhaps from Lydian, or from Pre-Greek. Furnée compares ἄσκαρος (áskaros, “kind of shoe”).


διάβαθρον

δῐᾰ́βᾰθρον • (diábathron) n (genitive δῐᾰβᾰ́θρου); second declension

δῐᾰ́βᾰθρον (canonical)
diábathron (romanization)
δῐᾰβᾰ́θρου (genitive)
τὸ δῐᾰ́βᾰθρον (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰβᾰ́θρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δῐᾰ́βᾰθρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δῐᾰβᾰ́θρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰβᾰ́θροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐᾰβᾰ́θρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δῐᾰβᾰ́θρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰβᾰ́θροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δῐᾰβᾰ́θροις (dative plural)
τὸ δῐᾰ́βᾰθρον (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰβᾰ́θρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δῐᾰ́βᾰθρᾰ (accusative plural)
δῐᾰ́βᾰθρον (singular vocative)
δῐᾰβᾰ́θρω (dual vocative)
δῐᾰ́βᾰθρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: diabathrum

From δῐᾰβαίνω (diabaínō, “to walk with legs apart”) + -θρον (-thron).


κρηπίς

grc-noun

κρηπῐ́ς • (krēpís) f (genitive κρηπῖδος); third declension

κρηπῐ́ς (canonical)
krēpís (romanization)
κρηπῖδος (genitive)
ἡ κρηπῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κρηπῖδε (dual nominative)
αἱ κρηπῖδες (nominative plural)
τῆς κρηπῖδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρηπῑ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρηπῑ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κρηπῖδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρηπῑ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρηπῖσῐ (dative plural)
κρηπῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs krēpîsi (dative plural)
taîs krēpîsin (dative plural)
τὴν κρηπῖδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κρηπῖδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρηπῖδᾰς (accusative plural)
κρηπῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κρηπῖδε (dual vocative)
κρηπῖδες (plural vocative)

→ English: crepis

→ Latin: crepida

→ Translingual: Crepis

Derived from a nominal base form, like κνημίς (knēmís) and χειρίς (kheirís), or perhaps this word just took over their ending. The technical meaning suggests a loan. The connection with words for shoe, like Lithuanian kurpe (“shoes”) is formally impeccable, but is rejected by Fraenkel. According to Beekes, the suffix -ῖδ- suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


καλίγιον

κᾰλῐ́γῐον • (kalígion) n (genitive κᾰλῐγῐ́ου); second declension

κᾰλῐ́γῐον (canonical)
kalígion (romanization)
κᾰλῐγῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κᾰλῐ́γῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰλῐγῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰλῐ́γῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰλῐγῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰλῐγῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰλῐγῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰλῐγῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰλῐγῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰλῐγῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰλῐ́γῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰλῐγῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰλῐ́γῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾰλῐ́γῐον (singular vocative)
κᾰλῐγῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κᾰλῐ́γῐᾰ (plural vocative)

caliga, a leathern boot worn by the Romans


καλοπέδιλα

κᾱλοπεδῑ́λων

κᾱλοπέδῑλᾰ • (kālopédīla) n pl (genitive κᾱλοπεδῑ́λων); second declension

κᾱλοπέδῑλᾰ (canonical)
kālopédīla (romanization)
κᾱλοπεδῑ́λων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπέδῑλᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν κᾱλοπεδῑ́λων (genitive plural)
τοῖς κᾱλοπεδῑ́λοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπέδῑλᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾱλοπέδῑλᾰ (plural vocative)

From κᾶλον (kâlon, “wood”) + πέδῑλον (pédīlon, “sandal”).

compound

wooden shoes, probably a hobble tied to a cow's legs to keep her still while milking


ἁρπίς

grc-noun

ἁρπῐ́ς • (harpís) f (genitive ἁρπῖδος); third declension

ἁρπῐ́ς (canonical)
harpís (romanization)
ἁρπῖδος (genitive)
ἡ ἁρπῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἁρπῖδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἁρπῖδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἁρπῖδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἁρπῑ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἁρπῑ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἁρπῖδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἁρπῑ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἁρπῖσῐ (dative plural)
ἁρπῖσῐν (dative plural)
taîs harpîsi (dative plural)
taîs harpîsin (dative plural)
τὴν ἁρπῖδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἁρπῖδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἁρπῖδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἁρπῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἁρπῖδε (dual vocative)
ἁρπῖδες (plural vocative)

According to Hesychius, the word is Laconian. The presence of the variant ῥαπίς (rhapís) suggests a Pre-Greek origin of this word.


κάσσυμα

κᾰ́σσῡμᾰ • (kássūma) n (genitive κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτος); third declension

κᾰ́σσῡμᾰ (canonical)
kássūma (romanization)
κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κᾰ́σσῡμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰσσῡμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰσσῡμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰσσῡμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰσσῡ́μᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κᾰσσῡ́μᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kassū́masi (dative plural)
toîs kassū́masin (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰ́σσῡμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾰ́σσῡμᾰ (singular vocative)
κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτε (dual vocative)
κᾰσσῡ́μᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From κᾰσσῡ́ω (kassū́ō, “to stitch, sew together”) + -μᾰ (-ma).


σολῖνος

grc-noun

σολῖνος • (solînos) m (genitive σολῑ́νου); second declension

solînos (romanization)
σολῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ σολῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ σολῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ σολῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σολῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σολῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σολῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ σολῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σολῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σολῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν σολῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σολῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σολῑ́νους (accusative plural)
σολῖνε (singular vocative)
σολῑ́νω (dual vocative)
σολῖνοι (plural vocative)

Perhaps related to σόλιον (sólion, “slipper”).


σάμβαλον

σάμβᾰλον • (sámbalon) n (genitive σαμβάλου); second declension

σάμβᾰλον (canonical)
sámbalon (romanization)
σαμβάλου (genitive)

θυρώρῳ πόδες ἐπτορόγυιοι,
τὰ δὲ σάμβαλα πεμπεβόηα,
πίσσυγγοι δὲ δέκ' ἐξεπόναισαν.
thurṓrōi pódes eptoróguioi,
tà dè sámbala pempebóēa,
píssungoi dè dék' exepónaisan.
The porter's feet are seven fathoms long,
and his sandals are made of five ox-hides

630 BCE – 570 BCE, Sappho, Collected Works 98

Aeolic form of σάνδαλον (sándalon, “sandal”)