ὅπλον

grc-noun

ὅπλον • (hóplon) n (genitive ὅπλου); second declension

hóplon (romanization)
ὅπλου (genitive)
τὸ ὅπλον (nominative singular)
ὅπλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὅπλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὅπλου (genitive singular)
ὅπλοιν (dual genitive)
ὅπλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὅπλῳ (dative singular)
ὅπλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὅπλοις (dative plural)
τὸ ὅπλον (accusative singular)
ὅπλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὅπλᾰ (accusative plural)
ὅπλον (singular vocative)
ὅπλω (dual vocative)
ὅπλᾰ (plural vocative)

Albanian: aplladhe

English: hopl-

Greek: όπλο (óplo, “gun”)

⇒ Translingual: Hoplia

From Proto-Indo-European *sop-lo- (“instrument”), an o-grade l-suffixed formation from *sep- (“to care for, honor, prepare”); see the related ἕπω (hépō, “I am busy”) for cognates. Not related to ἕπομαι (hépomai, “I follow”).


γραφίς

γρᾰφίς • (grăphís) f (genitive γρᾰφίδος); third declension

γρᾰφίς (canonical)
grăphís (romanization)
γρᾰφίδος (genitive)
ἡ γρᾰφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
γρᾰφῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γρᾰφῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γρᾰφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
γρᾰφῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
γρᾰφῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γρᾰφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
γρᾰφῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γρᾰφῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γρᾰφῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs grăphĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs grăphĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν γρᾰφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
γρᾰφῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γρᾰφῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γρᾰφῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γρᾰφῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γρᾰφῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: γραφίδα (grafída)


σμίλη

σμῑ́λη • (smī́lē) f (genitive σμῑ́λης); first declension

σμῑ́λη (canonical)
smī́lē (romanization)
σμῑ́λης (genitive)
ἡ σμῑ́λη (nominative singular)
σμῑ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σμῖλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σμῑ́λης (genitive singular)
σμῑ́λαιν (dual genitive)
σμῑλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σμῑ́λῃ (dative singular)
σμῑ́λαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμῑ́λαις (dative plural)
τὴν σμῑ́λην (accusative singular)
σμῑ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμῑ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
σμῑ́λη (singular vocative)
σμῑ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
σμῖλαι (plural vocative)
σμῖλα (alternative)

→ Aramaic: (“scalpel, shoe-knife”)

Classical Syriac: ܙܡܝܻܠܝܳܐ (zmēlyā)

desc

Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܝܙܡܝܠ (/*ʾizmēl/)

אִיזְמֵיל / אִיזְמֵל / אִזְמֵל

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic: אִיזְמֵיל / אִיזְמֵל / אִזְמֵל (ʾizmēl), אוּזְמֵל (ʾuzmēl)

→ Hebrew: אִזְמֵל (ʾizmēl, “scalpel”)

The word has traditionally been connected with Proto-Germanic *smiþaz (“smith”), and if related, then from a Proto-Indo-European *smī- (“to cut, hew”); however, this etymology is shaky. Alternatively, a Pre-Greek etymology is possible.

der

a tool for cutting or carving: knife, chisel


γόμφος

grc-noun

γόμφος • (gómphos) m (genitive γόμφου); second declension

gómphos (romanization)
γόμφου (genitive)
ὁ γόμφος (nominative singular)
γόμφω (dual nominative)
οἱ γόμφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ γόμφου (genitive singular)
γόμφοιν (dual genitive)
γόμφων (genitive plural)
τῷ γόμφῳ (dative singular)
γόμφοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γόμφοις (dative plural)
τὸν γόμφον (accusative singular)
γόμφω (accusative dual)
τοὺς γόμφους (accusative plural)
γόμφε (singular vocative)
γόμφω (dual vocative)
γόμφοι (plural vocative)

Greek: γόμφος (gómfos)

→ Latin: gomphus

From Proto-Hellenic *gómpʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos.
Cognates include Ancient Macedonian κόμβος (kómbos), Sanskrit जम्भ (jámbha, “tooth”), Latin gemma, Old Armenian ծամեմ (camem), Old English camb (English comb), and Albanian dhëmb.


μίσχος

μῐ́σχος • (mĭ́skhos) m (genitive μῐ́σχου); second declension

μῐ́σχος (canonical)
mĭ́skhos (romanization)
μῐ́σχου (genitive)
ὁ μῐ́σχος (nominative singular)
μῐ́σχω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῐ́σχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῐ́σχου (genitive singular)
μῐ́σχοιν (dual genitive)
μῐ́σχων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῐ́σχῳ (dative singular)
μῐ́σχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῐ́σχοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῐ́σχον (accusative singular)
μῐ́σχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῐ́σχους (accusative plural)
μῐ́σχε (singular vocative)
μῐ́σχω (dual vocative)
μῐ́σχοι (plural vocative)

Greek: μίσχος (míschos)

Seemingly first agricultural then made botanical by Theophrastus. μίσκαιος (mískaios, “garden”) with Lithuanian mi̇̀škas (“wood, forest”) does not give a likely meaning connection, while μίσκος (mískos, “husk, pod”) is very similar. While Pre-Greek origin has been claimed, the form and variation σχ/σκ looks kind of Semitic, compare μασχάλη (maskhálē, “axil, hollow at the base of a shoot; branch, young palm twig”).


διαβήτης

δῐᾰβήτης • (dĭăbḗtēs) m (genitive δῐᾰβήτου); first declension

δῐᾰβήτης (canonical)
dĭăbḗtēs (romanization)
δῐᾰβήτου (genitive)
ὁ δῐᾰβήτης (nominative singular)
δῐᾰβήτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ δῐᾰβῆται (nominative plural)
τοῦ δῐᾰβήτου (genitive singular)
δῐᾰβήταιν (dual genitive)
δῐᾰβητῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ δῐᾰβήτῃ (dative singular)
δῐᾰβήταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δῐᾰβήταις (dative plural)
τὸν δῐᾰβήτην (accusative singular)
δῐᾰβήτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς δῐᾰβήτᾱς (accusative plural)
δῐᾰβῆτᾰ (singular vocative)
δῐᾰβήτᾱ (dual vocative)
δῐᾰβῆται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: diabētēs
→ English: diabetes

From δῐᾰβαίνω (dĭăbaínō, “to step across, pass over”) + -της (-tēs, “-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).

af

10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Pneumatica 1.29


ἄκμων

grc-noun

ἄκμων • (ákmōn) m (genitive ἄκμονος); third declension

ákmōn (romanization)
ἄκμονος (genitive)
ὁ ἄκμων (nominative singular)
ἄκμονε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄκμονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἄκμονος (genitive singular)
ἀκμόνοιν (dual genitive)
ἀκμόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἄκμονῐ (dative singular)
ἀκμόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἄκμοσῐ (dative plural)
ἄκμοσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ákmosĭ (dative plural)
toîs ákmosĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἄκμονᾰ (accusative singular)
ἄκμονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἄκμονᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄκμον (singular vocative)
ἄκμονε (dual vocative)
ἄκμονες (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ αμόνι (amóni)

Greek: άκμων (ákmon), άκμονας (ákmonas), ⇒ αμόνι (amóni) (from the diminutive)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō. Cognates include Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman), Avestan 𐬀𐬐𐬨𐬀𐬥 (akman), Lithuanian akmuo, and English hammer.


ἄκμων

Perhaps from Egyptian ꜥẖm (“cultic image of a falcon”). Compare also Coptic ⲁⲭⲙⲩ (akhmu, “kind of bird”) and Arabic رَخْمَة (raḵma, “Egyptian vulture”).


σκέπαρνον

grc-noun

σκέπαρνον • (sképarnon) n (genitive σκεπάρνου); second declension

sképarnon (romanization)
σκεπάρνου (genitive)
τὸ σκέπαρνον (nominative singular)
σκεπάρνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκέπαρνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκεπάρνου (genitive singular)
σκεπάρνοιν (dual genitive)
σκεπάρνων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκεπάρνῳ (dative singular)
σκεπάρνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκεπάρνοις (dative plural)
τὸ σκέπαρνον (accusative singular)
σκεπάρνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκέπαρνᾰ (accusative plural)
σκέπαρνον (singular vocative)
σκεπάρνω (dual vocative)
σκέπαρνᾰ (plural vocative)
σκέπαρνος (alternative)

The suffix "-αρνο-" suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

carpenter's axe, adze, for hewing and smoothing the trunks of trees


ἅρπη

ἅρπη • (hárpē) f (genitive ἅρπης); first declension

hárpē (romanization)
ἅρπης (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̔́ρπη (nominative singular)
ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̔́ρπαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̔́ρπης (genitive singular)
ᾰ̔́ρπαιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̔ρπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̔́ρπῃ (dative singular)
ᾰ̔́ρπαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̔́ρπαις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̔́ρπην (accusative singular)
ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔́ρπᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̔́ρπη (singular vocative)
ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̔́ρπαι (plural vocative)

English: harpe

desc

Greek: αρπακτικό n (arpaktikó, “bird of prey, predator”)

αρπακτικός (arpaktikós, “predatory, rapacious”)

αρπακτικότητα

αρπακτικότητα f (arpaktikótita, “rapacity”)

Latin: harpē

Catalan: arpa

Italian: arpa

Occitan: arpa

Sicilian: arpa

Uncertain, but usually connected with ἁρπάζω (harpázō). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”), with cognates including Latin sarpō, Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”), and Latvian sirpis. However, there are some difficulties with these connections; for one, *sr̥p- is expected to yield Ancient Greek *ῥαπ- (*rhap-), not ἅρπ- (hárp-). There is possibly a contamination with a Semitic borrowing, Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Possibly from a Mediterranean substrate term related to the source of Latin sarpa (“heron”).

cog

a bird of prey, hawk, falcon, tiercel or goshawk (falco gentilis)


χαρακτήρ

grc-noun

χᾰρᾰκτήρ • (khărăktḗr) m (genitive χᾰρᾰκτῆρος); third declension

χᾰρᾰκτήρ (canonical)
khărăktḗr (romanization)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ χᾰρᾰκτήρ (nominative singular)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ χᾰρᾰκτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ χᾰρᾰκτῆρος (genitive singular)
χᾰρᾰκτήροιν (dual genitive)
χᾰρᾰκτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ χᾰρᾰκτῆρῐ (dative singular)
χᾰρᾰκτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χᾰρᾰκτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khărăktêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs khărăktêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν χᾰρᾰκτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς χᾰρᾰκτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
χᾰρᾰκτήρ (singular vocative)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρε (dual vocative)
χᾰρᾰκτῆρες (plural vocative)

Coptic: ⲭⲁⲣⲁⲕⲧⲏⲣ (kharaktēr)

→ Latin: character (see there for further descendants)

Greek: χαρακτήρας (charaktíras)

From χαράσσω (kharássō, “I scratch, engrave”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).


σκαπάνη

grc-noun

σκᾰπᾰ́νης • (skăpắnēs) f (genitive σκᾰπᾰ́νης); first declension

σκᾰπᾰ́νης (canonical)
skăpắnēs (romanization)
σκᾰπᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ σκᾰπᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
σκᾰπᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκᾰπᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκᾰπᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
σκᾰπᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
σκᾰπᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκᾰπᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
σκᾰπᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκᾰπᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν σκᾰπᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
σκᾰπᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκᾰπᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
σκᾰπᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
σκᾰπᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
σκᾰπᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

Greek: σκαπάνη (skapáni)

→ Translingual: Scapanus

From σκάπτω (skáptō, “to dig, delve”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ắnē, instrumental nominal suffix).


τρίαινα

grc-noun

τρῐ́αινᾰ • (trĭ́aină) f (genitive τρῐαίνης); first declension

τρῐ́αινᾰ (canonical)
trĭ́aină (romanization)
τρῐαίνης (genitive)
ἡ τρῐ́αινᾰ (nominative singular)
τρῐαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῐ́αιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῐαίνης (genitive singular)
τρῐαίναιν (dual genitive)
τρῐαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῐαίνῃ (dative singular)
τρῐαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῐαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν τρῐ́αινᾰν (accusative singular)
τρῐαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῐαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
τρῐ́αινᾰ (singular vocative)
τρῐαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
τρῐ́αιναι (plural vocative)

Greek: τρίαινα (tríaina)

From τρεῖς (treîs, “three”) + -αινᾰ (-aină). Chantraine considers a folk-etymological transformation after the numeral. Furnée compares τρίναξ (trínax, “instrument used in agriculture”) and θρῖναξ (thrînax, “three-pronged fork”), and asks whether the word could be a transformation of a Pre-Greek loan for an agricultural tool.


πέλεκυς

πέλεκῠς • (pélekŭs) m (genitive πελέκεως); third declension

πέλεκῠς (canonical)
pélekŭs (romanization)
πελέκεως (genitive)
ὁ πέλεκῠς (nominative singular)
πελέκει (dual nominative)
οἱ πελέκεις (nominative plural)
τοῦ πελέκεως (genitive singular)
πελεκέοιν (dual genitive)
πελέκεων (genitive plural)
τῷ πελέκει (dative singular)
πελεκέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πελέκεσῐ (dative plural)
πελέκεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pelékesĭ (dative plural)
toîs pelékesĭn (dative plural)
τὸν πέλεκῠν (accusative singular)
πελέκει (accusative dual)
τοὺς πελέκεις (accusative plural)
πέλεκῠ (singular vocative)
πελέκει (dual vocative)
πελέκεις (plural vocative)
πέλεκῠς (nominative singular)
πελέκει (dual nominative)
πελέκεες (nominative plural)
πελέκεος (genitive singular)
πελεκέοιῐν (dual genitive)
πελέκεων (genitive plural)
πελέκει (dative singular)
πελεκέοιῐν (dative dual)
πελέκεσσι (dative plural)
πελέκεσσιν (dative plural)
pelékessi (dative plural)
pelékessin (dative plural)
πέλεκῠν (accusative singular)
πελέκει (accusative dual)
πελέκεᾰς (accusative plural)
πέλεκῠ (singular vocative)
πελέκει (dual vocative)
πελέκεες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πελέκεσσι(ν)

Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)

Uncertain: Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”), pointing to a late, dialectal Proto-Indo-European word like *peleḱu- which does not appear to be a native formation. This etymon is often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, “axe handle”). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or another Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, “kind of pulse”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.


κοχλίας

grc-noun

κοχλῐ́ᾱς • (kokhlĭ́ās) m (genitive κοχλίου); first declension

κοχλῐ́ᾱς (canonical)
kokhlĭ́ās (romanization)
κοχλίου (genitive)
ὁ κοχλῐ́ᾱς (nominative singular)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κοχλῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοχλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
κοχλῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
κοχλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κοχλῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
κοχλῐ́αιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοχλῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὸν κοχλῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοχλῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κοχλῐ́αι (plural vocative)
κόχλῐᾰς (alternative)

Greek: κοχλίας (kochlías)

→ Latin: coclea

From κόχλος (kókhlos, “shellfish with a spiral shell”) + -ῐ́ᾱς (-ĭ́ās, nominal suffix).

af

anything twisted spirally:
automation in form of snail

anything twisted spirally:
reel, spool, roller

anything twisted spirally:
screw, especially Archimedes screw

anything twisted spirally:
(surgery) part of a surgical machine

anything twisted spirally:
part of a surgical machine


στάθμη

grc-noun

στᾰ́θμη • (stắthmē) f (genitive στᾰ́θμης); first declension

στᾰ́θμη (canonical)
stắthmē (romanization)
στᾰ́θμης (genitive)
ἡ στᾰ́θμη (nominative singular)
στᾰ́θμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ στᾰ́θμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς στᾰ́θμης (genitive singular)
στᾰ́θμαιν (dual genitive)
στᾰθμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στᾰ́θμῃ (dative singular)
στᾰ́θμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στᾰ́θμαις (dative plural)
τὴν στᾰ́θμην (accusative singular)
στᾰ́θμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στᾰ́θμᾱς (accusative plural)
στᾰ́θμη (singular vocative)
στᾰ́θμᾱ (dual vocative)
στᾰ́θμαι (plural vocative)

Greek: στάθμη (státhmi)

From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), the same root of σταθμός (stathmós, “stall, pen”).


ἄροτρον

grc-noun

ᾰ̓́ροτρον • (ắrotron) n (genitive ᾰ̓ρότρου); second declension

ᾰ̓́ροτρον (canonical)
ắrotron (romanization)
ᾰ̓ρότρου (genitive)
τὸ ᾰ̓́ροτρον (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓ρότρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓ρότρου (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓ρότροιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓ρότρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓ρότρῳ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓ρότροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓ρότροις (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓́ροτρον (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓ρότρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́ροτρον (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓ρότρω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́ροτρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: άροτρο (árotro)

From Proto-Hellenic *árotron, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥h₃trom, from *h₂erh₃- + *-trom; equivalent to ἀρόω (aróō, “to plough”) + -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix). Cognates include Latin arātrum, Old Armenian արաւր (arawr) and Old Norse arðr (→ modern English ard).

suffix

(figuratively, in the plural) the organs of generation


ξυρόν

grc-noun

ξῠρόν • (xŭrón) n (genitive ξῠροῦ); second declension

ξῠρόν (canonical)
xŭrón (romanization)
ξῠροῦ (genitive)
τὸ ξῠρόν (nominative singular)
ξῠρώ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ξῠρᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξῠροῦ (genitive singular)
ξῠροῖν (dual genitive)
ξῠρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ξῠρῷ (dative singular)
ξῠροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξῠροῖς (dative plural)
τὸ ξῠρόν (accusative singular)
ξῠρώ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ξῠρᾰ́ (accusative plural)
ξῠρόν (singular vocative)
ξῠρώ (dual vocative)
ξῠρᾰ́ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *ksu-ró-s (“razor”), from *ksew- (“to scrape, sharpen, shave”). Exact cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšurás (“dagger, razor”); see also the verbal formation from the same root ξύω (xúō, “to scrape”).

cog

epì xuroû hístatai akmês ... ólethros ēè biônai

ἐπὶ ξυροῦ ἵσταται ἀκμῆς ... ὄλεθρος ἠὲ βιῶναι


πτύον

grc-noun

πτῠ́ον • (ptŭ́on) n (genitive πτῠ́ου); second declension

πτῠ́ον (canonical)
ptŭ́on (romanization)
πτῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ πτῠ́ον (nominative singular)
πτῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτῠ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτῠ́ου (genitive singular)
πτῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
πτῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πτῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
πτῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πτῠ́ον (accusative singular)
πτῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτῠ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
πτῠ́ον (singular vocative)
πτῠ́ω (dual vocative)
πτῠ́ᾰ (plural vocative)
πτέον (alternative Attic)

Stem with πτ- instead of π- (as in πτόλεμος (ptólemos) - πόλεμος (pólemos, “war”), πτόλις (ptólis) - πόλις (pólis, “city”). From Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to cleanse, purify”). Cognate with pūrus. Unrelated to πτύω (ptúō, “spit”).

der

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.588

525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Fragments 208


ὄρυξ

grc-noun

ὄρυξ • (órux) m (genitive ὄρῠγος); third declension

órux (romanization)
ὄρῠγος (genitive)
ὁ ὄρῠξ (nominative singular)
ὄρῠγε (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄρῠγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὄρῠγος (genitive singular)
ὀρῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
ὀρῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὄρῠγῐ (dative singular)
ὀρῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὄρῠξῐ (dative plural)
ὄρῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs órŭxĭ (dative plural)
toîs órŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ὄρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
ὄρῠγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὄρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄρῠξ (singular vocative)
ὄρῠγε (dual vocative)
ὄρῠγες (plural vocative)

→ Greek: όρυξ (óryx)

→ Latin: oryx

A back-formation related to ὀρύσσω (orússō, “I dig, scrape”).
The sense of oryx is likely a substrate loanword accreted by folk-etymological analogy with the animal's pointed horns.

a pickaxe or other sharp iron digging tool


σικύα

σῐκῠ́ᾱ • (sĭkŭ́ā) f (genitive σῐκῠ́ᾱς); first declension

σῐκῠ́ᾱ (canonical)
sĭkŭ́ā (romanization)
σῐκῠ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σῐκῠ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
σῐκῠ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐκῠ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐκῠ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
σῐκῠ́αιν (dual genitive)
σῐκῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐκῠ́ᾳ (dative singular)
σῐκῠ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐκῠ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν σῐκῠ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
σῐκῠ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐκῠ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐκῠ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
σῐκῠ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐκῠ́αι (plural vocative)
σικύη (alternative)
σεκούα (alternative)
συκύα (alternative)

For plant names in -ύα, compare οἰσύα (oisúa), ὀστρύα (ostrúa). The Hesychius gloss σεκούα (sekoúa), as well as the toponym Σικυών (Sikuṓn)/Σεκυών (Sekuṓn), shows an alternation σικ-/σεκ-, which cannot be explained from an Indo-European point of view, but rather from substrate/Pre-Greek. Together with the forms συκύα (sukúa), κύκυον (kúkuon) and κυκύϊζα (kukúïza, “sweet round gourd”), as well as Latin cucumis (“cucumber”), Old Armenian սեխ (sex, “muskmelon”) and Proto-Slavic *tyky (“pumpkin”) it seems that we are dealing with a Wanderwort that might also have Semitic and Kartvelian cognates, like Arabic قِثَّاء (qiṯṯāʔ, “Cucumis”), Akkadian 𒄾 (qiššû, “cucumber”), Hebrew קשוא (qiššūʾ, “Armenian cucumber”), Laz შუკა (şuǩa, “cucumber; melon”), Mingrelian შინკა (šinḳa, “melon”).

cog

Benincasa hispida
Benincasa hispida#Translingual

Lagenaria vulgaris
Wikispecies:Lagenaria vulgaris

bottle gourd (Benincasa hispida, syn. Lagenaria vulgaris)

Cucurbita maxima
Cucurbita maxima#Translingual

cupping-instrument, because it was shaped like a gourd


σκυτάλη

grc-noun

σκῠτάλη • (skŭtálē) f (genitive σκῠτάλης); first declension

σκῠτάλη (canonical)
skŭtálē (romanization)
σκῠτάλης (genitive)
ἡ σκῠτάλη (nominative singular)
σκῠτάλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκῠτάλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκῠτάλης (genitive singular)
σκῠτάλαιν (dual genitive)
σκῠταλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκῠτάλῃ (dative singular)
σκῠτάλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκῠτάλαις (dative plural)
τὴν σκῠτάλην (accusative singular)
σκῠτάλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκῠτάλᾱς (accusative plural)
σκῠτάλη (singular vocative)
σκῠτάλᾱ (dual vocative)
σκῠτάλαι (plural vocative)
σκύταλον (alternative)

desc

إِسْقَاطُولِيّ

→ Arabic: إِسْقَاطُولِيّ (ʔisqāṭūliyy, “the beam of wood or handle or lever used in simple machines”)

→ Latin: scytalē

unk

unknown

A baton used in Sparta as a cypher for writing dispatches


ἄμη

grc-noun

ᾰ̓́μη • (ắmē) f (genitive ᾰ̓́μης); first declension

ᾰ̓́μη (canonical)
ắmē (romanization)
ᾰ̓́μης (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓́μη (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓́μᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓́μαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓́μης (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓́μαιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓μῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓́μῃ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓́μαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓́μαις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓́μην (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓́μᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́μᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́μη (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́μᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́μαι (plural vocative)
ᾰ̓́με (alternative)
ᾰ̔́μη (alternative)

desctree

→ Latin: hama, ama (Classical Latin), amās, amō, ayma, haima (Medieval Latin)
→ Middle Dutch: ame, aem
Dutch: aam
→ English: aam
→ Russian: аа́м (aám)
→? Old Swedish: aam
→ Finnish: aami
Afrikaans: aam
→ Middle Low German: ame, am
→ Estonian: aam

The etymology continues to be debated. Hypotheses include:
* Formally cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀔 (a-ma, “harvest”) via Proto-Hellenic *amā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂mh₁-eh₂, from the root *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap, harvest”); compare e.g. ἄμητος (ámētos, “harvest”), Hittite 𒄩𒈨𒌍𒄩 (ḫa-meš-ḫa- /ḫamešḫa-/, “spring”). According to Kloekhorst, the verb ἀμάω (amáō, “to cut down, mow, reap”) is probably derived from ἄμη.
* From the PIE root *semH- (“to scoop up, pour”), whence Lithuanian sémti (“to scoop”), sámtis (“ladle”) and Latin sentīna (“bilge water”).
* Related to other Indo-European words for “vessel” and “to pour”: ἀμίς (amís, “chamber-pot”), Sanskrit अमत (ámatra, “a large drinking vessel”), Old Armenian ամամ (amam, “to fill, pour”) (whence աման (aman, “vase, vessel, sack”)); from an uncertain root *am- (“to fill”).
* Related to or derived from the verb ἀμάομαι (amáomai, “I draw (milk), gather”). (This is not necessarily mutually exclusive with above proposals.)


κέρκος

grc-noun

κέρκος • (kérkos) f (genitive κέρκου); second declension

kérkos (romanization)
κέρκου (genitive)
ἡ κέρκος (nominative singular)
κέρκω (dual nominative)
αἱ κέρκοι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέρκου (genitive singular)
κέρκοιν (dual genitive)
κέρκων (genitive plural)
τῇ κέρκῳ (dative singular)
κέρκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέρκοις (dative plural)
τὴν κέρκον (accusative singular)
κέρκω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέρκους (accusative plural)
κέρκε (singular vocative)
κέρκω (dual vocative)
κέρκοι (plural vocative)

Translingual: ?Cercomacra, Cercopithecus, ?Onchocerca, Ptilocercus (generic names); Cercozoa (phylum)

English: cysticercus

→ Latin: cercus (New Latin)

→ English: cercus

Of Pre-Greek origin. Compare κερκίς (kerkís).

VAndR e.69E

(Byzantine) a burin (a chisel-like tool used for engraving)


δρεπάνη

δρεπᾰ́νη • (drepắnē) f (genitive δρεπᾰ́νης); first declension

δρεπᾰ́νη (canonical)
drepắnē (romanization)
δρεπᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ δρεπᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
δρεπᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δρεπᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς δρεπᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
δρεπᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
δρεπᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δρεπᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
δρεπᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δρεπᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν δρεπᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
δρεπᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δρεπᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
δρεπᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
δρεπᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
δρεπᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)
δρέπανον (alternative)
δράπανον (alternative)

→ Albanian: drapër, drapën from (Northwest) δράπανον (drápanon)

From δρέπω (drépō, “to pluck, cut off”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ắnē, instrumental nominal suffix), closely cognate with Old Armenian արտեւան (artewan).


ῥίνη

grc-noun

ῥῑ́νη • (rhī́nē) f (genitive ῥῑ́νης); first declension

ῥῑ́νη (canonical)
rhī́nē (romanization)
ῥῑ́νης (genitive)
ἡ ῥῑ́νη (nominative singular)
ῥῑ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥῖναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥῑ́νης (genitive singular)
ῥῑ́ναιν (dual genitive)
ῥῑνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥῑ́νῃ (dative singular)
ῥῑ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥῑ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥῑ́νην (accusative singular)
ῥῑ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥῑ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥῑ́νη (singular vocative)
ῥῑ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
ῥῖναι (plural vocative)
ῥίν (alternative Koine)

Translingual: → Rhina, ⇒ Batrachorhina


κρώπιον

κρώπῐον • (krṓpĭon) n (genitive κρωπῐ́ου); second declension

κρώπῐον (canonical)
krṓpĭon (romanization)
κρωπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κρώπῐον (nominative singular)
κρωπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κρώπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρωπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
κρωπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
κρωπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρωπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
κρωπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρωπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κρώπῐον (accusative singular)
κρωπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κρώπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κρώπῐον (singular vocative)
κρωπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κρώπῐᾰ (plural vocative)
κρώβιον (alternative)

The traditional derivation from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to pluck, to harvest”) (whence Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós, “fruit”), Sanskrit कृपाण (kṛpāṇa, “sword”), Lithuanian kir̃pti (“to cut off, shave”), Proto-Germanic *harbistaz (“harvest”), Latin carpō (“I pluck”)) is highly unlikely in view of both the root vocalism and the consonant alternation π ~ β (p ~ b). Likely Pre-Greek; compare Hurrian [script needed] (hurubbi).


μύστρον

grc-noun

μύστρον • (mústron) n (genitive μύστρου); second declension

mústron (romanization)
μύστρου (genitive)
τὸ μῠ́στρον (nominative singular)
μῠ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μῠ́στρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́στρου (genitive singular)
μῠ́στροιν (dual genitive)
μῠ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́στρῳ (dative singular)
μῠ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ μῠ́στρον (accusative singular)
μῠ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μῠ́στρᾰ (accusative plural)
μῠ́στρον (singular vocative)
μῠ́στρω (dual vocative)
μῠ́στρᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: mystrum

From the same Pre-Greek root of μυστίλη (mustílē).


τόρνος

τόρνος • (tórnos) m (genitive τόρνου); second declension

tórnos (romanization)
τόρνου (genitive)
ὁ τόρνος (nominative singular)
τόρνω (dual nominative)
οἱ τόρνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τόρνου (genitive singular)
τόρνοιν (dual genitive)
τόρνων (genitive plural)
τῷ τόρνῳ (dative singular)
τόρνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τόρνοις (dative plural)
τὸν τόρνον (accusative singular)
τόρνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τόρνους (accusative plural)
τόρνε (singular vocative)
τόρνω (dual vocative)
τόρνοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: tornus (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tórnos, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, bore, twist”). Doublet of τόρμος (tórmos, “socket”).


κίνητρον

grc-noun

κῑ́νητρον • (kī́nētron) n (genitive κῑνήτρου); second declension

κῑ́νητρον (canonical)
kī́nētron (romanization)
κῑνήτρου (genitive)
τὸ κῑ́νητρον (nominative singular)
κῑνήτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῑ́νητρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῑνήτρου (genitive singular)
κῑνήτροιν (dual genitive)
κῑνήτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῑνήτρῳ (dative singular)
κῑνήτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῑνήτροις (dative plural)
τὸ κῑ́νητρον (accusative singular)
κῑνήτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῑ́νητρᾰ (accusative plural)
κῑ́νητρον (singular vocative)
κῑνήτρω (dual vocative)
κῑ́νητρᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κίνητρο (kínitro)

From κῑνέω (kīnéō, “to move, to stir”) + -τρον (-tron).


κερκίς

grc-noun

κερκῐ́ς • (kerkĭ́s) f (genitive κερκῐ́δος); third declension

κερκῐ́ς (canonical)
kerkĭ́s (romanization)
κερκῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κερκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
κερκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κερκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κερκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
κερκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
κερκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κερκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
κερκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κερκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κερκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kerkĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kerkĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κερκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κερκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κερκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κερκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κερκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κερκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Cercis

Unclear; possibly either from Pre-Greek or a diminutive form of κέρκος (kérkos, “tail”) ( + -ίς (-ís)).


ἀρίς

ἀρίς • (arís) f (genitive ἀρίδος); third declension

arís (romanization)
ἀρίδος (genitive)
ἡ ἀρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
ἀρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
ἀρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
ἀρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
ἀρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs arĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs arĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ἀρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

The formation is common to other technical terms like δοκίς (dokís, “beam”) and σανίς (sanís, “board, plank”) but the origin is still unknown.

unk

unknown


ἄρβηλος

grc-noun

ἄρβηλος • (árbēlos) m (genitive ἀρβήλου); second declension

árbēlos (romanization)
ἀρβήλου (genitive)
ὁ ἄρβηλος (nominative singular)
ἀρβήλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄρβηλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρβήλου (genitive singular)
ἀρβήλοιν (dual genitive)
ἀρβήλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρβήλῳ (dative singular)
ἀρβήλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρβήλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄρβηλον (accusative singular)
ἀρβήλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀρβήλους (accusative plural)
ἄρβηλε (singular vocative)
ἀρβήλω (dual vocative)
ἄρβηλοι (plural vocative)
ἀνάρβηλα (alternative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.

(mathematics) geometrical figure contained by three semicircles with coincident diameters


στλεγγίς

στλεγγῐ́ς • (stlengĭ́s) f (genitive στλεγγῐ́δος); third declension

στλεγγῐ́ς (canonical)
stlengĭ́s (romanization)
στλεγγῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ στλεγγῐ́ς (nominative singular)
στλεγγῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ στλεγγῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς στλεγγῐ́δος (genitive singular)
στλεγγῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
στλεγγῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ στλεγγῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
στλεγγῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στλεγγῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
στλεγγῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs stlengĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs stlengĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν στλεγγῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
στλεγγῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στλεγγῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
στλεγγῐ́ς (singular vocative)
στλεγγῐ́δε (dual vocative)
στλεγγῐ́δες (plural vocative)
στεγγίς (alternative)
στελγίς (alternative)
στελεγγίς (alternative)
στεργίς (alternative)
στλιγγίς (alternative)
στρεγγίς (alternative)

Greek: στλεγγίδα (stlengída)

A loanword from an unknown source. The variants could point to a Pre-Greek origin.

unk

unknown

A scraper to remove oil and dirt from the skin, strigil


λίκνον

grc-noun

λίκνον • (líknon) n (genitive λίκνου); second declension

líknon (romanization)
λίκνου (genitive)
τὸ λῐ́κνον (nominative singular)
λῐ́κνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́κνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐ́κνου (genitive singular)
λῐ́κνοιν (dual genitive)
λῐ́κνων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐ́κνῳ (dative singular)
λῐ́κνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐ́κνοις (dative plural)
τὸ λῐ́κνον (accusative singular)
λῐ́κνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́κνᾰ (accusative plural)
λῐ́κνον (singular vocative)
λῐ́κνω (dual vocative)
λῐ́κνᾰ (plural vocative)
λεῖκνον (alternative)

Greek: λίκνο (líkno)

Ultimately from λικμάω (likmáō, “to winnow”).


ξύστρα

ξῠ́στρᾱ • (xŭ́strā) f (genitive ξῠ́στρᾱς); first declension

ξῠ́στρᾱ (canonical)
xŭ́strā (romanization)
ξῠ́στρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ξῠ́στρᾱ (nominative singular)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ξῠ́στραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ξῠ́στρᾱς (genitive singular)
ξῠ́στραιν (dual genitive)
ξῠστρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ξῠ́στρᾳ (dative singular)
ξῠ́στραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ξῠ́στραις (dative plural)
τὴν ξῠ́στρᾱν (accusative singular)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ξῠ́στρᾱς (accusative plural)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (singular vocative)
ξῠ́στρᾱ (dual vocative)
ξῠ́στραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: xystra

From ξύω (xúō, “to shave, to smooth”) + -τρα (-tra).


ψαλίς

grc-noun

ψᾰλίς • (psălís) f (genitive ψᾰλίδος); third declension

ψᾰλίς (canonical)
psălís (romanization)
ψᾰλίδος (genitive)
ἡ ψᾰλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ψᾰλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ψᾰλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
ψᾰλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ψᾰλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψᾰλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ψᾰλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs psălĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs psălĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ψᾰλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψᾰλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ψᾰλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ψᾰλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ψᾰλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: ψαλίδι (psalídi) (through Koine and diminutive ψαλίδιον)

Mariupol Greek: псалы́дъ (psalýð) (through Koine and diminutive ψαλίδιον)

Uncertain but perhaps related to ψάλιον (psálion, “curb chain”) and ψέλιον (psélion, “armlet”). Maybe from Pre-Greek.


βίρρη

head

βίρρη • (bírrhē)

Furnée suggests a derivation from Asia Minor and compares Svan ბერეჟ (berež, “iron”), Akkadian 𒀭𒁇 (parzillum), Hebrew בַּרְזֶל (barzel, “iron”), Ugaritic 𐎁𐎗𐎏𐎍 (brḏl) and Phoenician 𐤁𐤓𐤆𐤋 (brzl); furthermore Old English bræs (“brass”) and Basque burdin (“iron”). Or, according to Beekes, from Pre-Greek, in view of the geminate consonants.

Hesychius gives the definition as: πυράγρα (purágra, “pair of fire tongs”), δρέπανον (drépanon, “pruning-knife”).


πυράγρα

grc-noun

πῠράγρᾱ • (pŭrágrā) f (genitive πῠράγρᾱς); first declension

πῠράγρᾱ (canonical)
pŭrágrā (romanization)
πῠράγρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ πῠράγρᾱ (nominative singular)
πῠράγρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πῠράγραι (nominative plural)
τῆς πῠράγρᾱς (genitive singular)
πῠράγραιν (dual genitive)
πῠραγρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πῠράγρᾳ (dative singular)
πῠράγραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πῠράγραις (dative plural)
τὴν πῠράγρᾱν (accusative singular)
πῠράγρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῠράγρᾱς (accusative plural)
πῠράγρᾱ (singular vocative)
πῠράγρᾱ (dual vocative)
πῠράγραι (plural vocative)
ἡ πῠράγρη (nominative singular)
πῠράγρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πῠράγραι (nominative plural)
τῆς πῠράγρης (genitive singular)
πῠράγραιν (dual genitive)
πῠραγρέων (genitive plural)
πῠραγρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πῠράγρῃ (dative singular)
πῠράγραιν (dative dual)
τῇσῐ (dative plural)
τῇσῐν πῠράγρῃσῐ (dative plural)
πῠράγρῃσῐν (dative plural)
têisĭ pŭrágrēisĭ (dative plural)
têisĭ pŭrágrēisĭn (dative plural)
têisĭnĭ (dative plural)
têisĭnĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πῠράγρην (accusative singular)
πῠράγρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῠράγρᾱς (accusative plural)
πῠράγρη (singular vocative)
πῠράγρᾱ (dual vocative)
πῠράγραι (plural vocative)
πῠράγρη (alternative Ionic)

From πῦρ (pûr, “fire”) + ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “catching”).


ὅλμος

grc-noun

ὅλμος • (hólmos) m (genitive ὅλμου); second declension

hólmos (romanization)
ὅλμου (genitive)
ὁ ὅλμος (nominative singular)
ὅλμω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὅλμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὅλμου (genitive singular)
ὅλμοιν (dual genitive)
ὅλμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὅλμῳ (dative singular)
ὅλμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὅλμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὅλμον (accusative singular)
ὅλμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὅλμους (accusative plural)
ὅλμε (singular vocative)
ὅλμω (dual vocative)
ὅλμοι (plural vocative)
ὄλμος (alternative)

From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind”). Further related to εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, roll”).

der

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
(music) mouthpiece of a flute

any cylindrical or bowl shaped body:
mouthpiece of a flute


καλοπόδιον

grc-noun

κᾱλοπόδῐον • (kālopódĭon) n (genitive κᾱλοποδῐ́ου); second declension

κᾱλοπόδῐον (canonical)
kālopódĭon (romanization)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κᾱλοπόδῐον (nominative singular)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾱλοποδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
κᾱλοποδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾱλοποδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
κᾱλοποδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾱλοποδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κᾱλοπόδῐον (accusative singular)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾱλοπόδῐον (singular vocative)
κᾱλοποδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κᾱλοπόδῐᾰ (plural vocative)
κᾱλαπόδιον (alternative)

Greek: καλαπόδι (kalapódi) (from καλαπόδιον (kalapódion))

→ Romanian: calapod

desc

→ Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (kʾlpwt' /kālbod/), 𐫐𐫀𐫓𐫁𐫏𐫅 (kʾlbyd /kālbid/)

Persian: کالبد (kâlbod)

qual

→ Old Armenian: կաղապար (kałapar), գաղափար (gałapʻar) (via an unknown Iranian language; see each for more descendants)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܠܒܝܕ (/*qālobīḏ/)

→ Arabic: قَالِب (qālib) (see there for further descendants)

→ French: calibre (see there for further descendants)

From κᾱλόπους (kālópous) + -ιον (-ion), the former a compound of κᾶλον (kâlon, “wood”) and πούς (poús, “foot”).


σχενδύλη

grc-noun

σχενδῡ́λη • (skhendū́lē) f (genitive σχενδῡ́λης); first declension

σχενδῡ́λη (canonical)
skhendū́lē (romanization)
σχενδῡ́λης (genitive)
ἡ σχενδῡ́λη (nominative singular)
σχενδῡ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σχενδῦλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σχενδῡ́λης (genitive singular)
σχενδῡ́λαιν (dual genitive)
σχενδῡλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σχενδῡ́λῃ (dative singular)
σχενδῡ́λαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σχενδῡ́λαις (dative plural)
τὴν σχενδῡ́λην (accusative singular)
σχενδῡ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σχενδῡ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
σχενδῡ́λη (singular vocative)
σχενδῡ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
σχενδῦλαι (plural vocative)
σχενδύλα (alternative)

The formation is similar to κανθύλη (kanthúlē) and κορδύλη (kordúlē). The presence of the variation leads to a Pre-Greek origin.

a ship carpenter's and blacksmith's tool, perhaps a pair of tongs


τρύπανον

τρῡ́πανον • (trū́panon) n (genitive τρῡπάνου); second declension

τρῡ́πανον (canonical)
trū́panon (romanization)
τρῡπάνου (genitive)
τὸ τρῡ́πανον (nominative singular)
τρῡπάνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τρῡ́πανᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρῡπάνου (genitive singular)
τρῡπάνοιν (dual genitive)
τρῡπάνων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρῡπάνῳ (dative singular)
τρῡπάνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρῡπάνοις (dative plural)
τὸ τρῡ́πανον (accusative singular)
τρῡπάνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τρῡ́πανᾰ (accusative plural)
τρῡ́πανον (singular vocative)
τρῡπάνω (dual vocative)
τρῡ́πανᾰ (plural vocative)
τρυπάνη (alternative)

→ Latin: trepanum

Italian: trapano

→ Old French: trepan

French: trépan

→ Middle English: trepan

→ English: trepan

→ Spanish: trépano

→ Mingrelian: ტრუპანტი (ṭruṗanṭi)

Ultimately from τρῡπάω (trūpáō, “to bore”).


λάβρυς

λάβρῠς • (lábrŭs) f (genitive λάβρῠος); third declension

λάβρῠς (canonical)
lábrŭs (romanization)
λάβρῠος (genitive)
ἡ λᾰ́βρῠς (nominative singular)
λᾰ́βρῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰ́βρῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰ́βρῠος (genitive singular)
λᾰβρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
λᾰβρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰ́βρῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
λᾰ́βρυι (dative singular)
λᾰβρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰ́βρῠσῐ (dative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs lắbrŭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs lắbrŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰ́βρῠν (accusative singular)
λᾰ́βρῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰ́βρῡς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠᾰς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́βρῠ (singular vocative)
λᾰ́βρῠε (dual vocative)
λᾰ́βρῠες (plural vocative)

From Lydian 𐤩𐤠𐤡𐤭𐤧𐤳 (lapryš) and possibly related to λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos, “labyrinth”).


κόσκινον

κόσκῐνον • (kóskĭnon) n (genitive κοσκῐ́νου); second declension

κόσκῐνον (canonical)
kóskĭnon (romanization)
κοσκῐ́νου (genitive)
τὸ κόσκῐνον (nominative singular)
κοσκῐ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κόσκῐνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοσκῐ́νου (genitive singular)
κοσκῐ́νοιν (dual genitive)
κοσκῐ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κοσκῐ́νῳ (dative singular)
κοσκῐ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοσκῐ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ κόσκῐνον (accusative singular)
κοσκῐ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κόσκῐνᾰ (accusative plural)
κόσκῐνον (singular vocative)
κοσκῐ́νω (dual vocative)
κόσκῐνᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κόσκινο (kóskino)


μάκελλα

μάκελλα • (mákella) f (genitive μακέλλης); first declension

mákella (romanization)
μακέλλης (genitive)
ἡ μάκελλᾰ (nominative singular)
μακέλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μάκελλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς μακέλλης (genitive singular)
μακέλλαιν (dual genitive)
μακελλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μακέλλῃ (dative singular)
μακέλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μακέλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν μάκελλᾰν (accusative singular)
μακέλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μακέλλᾱς (accusative plural)
μάκελλᾰ (singular vocative)
μακέλλᾱ (dual vocative)
μάκελλαι (plural vocative)
μακέλη (alternative)

The similarity with δίκελλα (díkella) cannot be coincidental but a convincing explanation has yet to be found. Armenian մարկեղ (markeġ, “mattock”) shows a remarkable similarity; it might be a loan from a common source. Unrelated are Lithuanian makaras (“big stave”) and Armenian մաճ (mač, “plough tail”). The variation "-ελλα/-έλη" shows a Pre-Greek origin.

mattock, pick, used for digging or breaking up


τέρετρον

τέρετρον • (téretron) n (genitive τερέτρου); second declension

téretron (romanization)
τερέτρου (genitive)
τὸ τέρετρον (nominative singular)
τερέτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τέρετρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τερέτρου (genitive singular)
τερέτροιν (dual genitive)
τερέτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ τερέτρῳ (dative singular)
τερέτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τερέτροις (dative plural)
τὸ τέρετρον (accusative singular)
τερέτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τέρετρᾰ (accusative plural)
τέρετρον (singular vocative)
τερέτρω (dual vocative)
τέρετρᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *téretron. By surface analysis, τετραίνω (tetraínō, “to bore”) + -τρον (-tron).


δίκελλα

grc-noun

δίκελλα • (díkella) f (genitive δικέλλης); first declension

díkella (romanization)
δικέλλης (genitive)
ἡ δίκελλᾰ (nominative singular)
δικέλλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δίκελλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δικέλλης (genitive singular)
δικέλλαιν (dual genitive)
δικελλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δικέλλῃ (dative singular)
δικέλλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δικέλλαις (dative plural)
τὴν δίκελλᾰν (accusative singular)
δικέλλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δικέλλᾱς (accusative plural)
δίκελλᾰ (singular vocative)
δικέλλᾱ (dual vocative)
δίκελλαι (plural vocative)

Greek: δικέλλα (dikélla)

→ Ottoman Turkish: دیكل (dikel)

Clearly related to μάκελλα (mákella, “mattock”). Since this word is from Pre-Greek, also δίκελλα (díkella) should be too.


σμινύη

σμῐνύη • (smĭnúē) f (genitive σμῐνύης); first declension

σμῐνύη (canonical)
smĭnúē (romanization)
σμῐνύης (genitive)
ἡ σμῐνύη (nominative singular)
σμῐνύᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σμῐνύαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σμῐνύης (genitive singular)
σμῐνύαιν (dual genitive)
σμῐνυῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σμῐνύῃ (dative singular)
σμῐνύαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμῐνύαις (dative plural)
τὴν σμῐνύην (accusative singular)
σμῐνύᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμῐνύᾱς (accusative plural)
σμῐνύη (singular vocative)
σμῐνύᾱ (dual vocative)
σμῐνύαι (plural vocative)
σμῐνύας (alternative)

The word is generally considered to derive from Proto-Indo-European *smei- (“to carve, cut”), as could be σμίλη (smílē, “knife, wood-carving knife, scalpel, chisel”). Compare Lithuanian smailus (“sharp, acute”) and Proto-Germanic *smiþaz (“carpenter, craftsman, smith”). According to others, both words are of obscure etymology and thus could be Pre-Greek.


φορμός

grc-noun

φορμός • (phormós) m (genitive φορμοῦ); second declension

phormós (romanization)
φορμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φορμός (nominative singular)
φορμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φορμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φορμοῦ (genitive singular)
φορμοῖν (dual genitive)
φορμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φορμῷ (dative singular)
φορμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φορμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φορμόν (accusative singular)
φορμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φορμούς (accusative plural)
φορμέ (singular vocative)
φορμώ (dual vocative)
φορμοί (plural vocative)

⇒ Translingual: Phormia

Unclear. The traditional connection with φέρω (phérō, “to bring”) seems difficult to combine with the varying meanings, which are all connected with the notion of "twining". Schulze therefore connected φάραι (phárai, “to weave, plait”) and φᾶρος (phâros, “piece of cloth”). Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (barms, “lap, bosom”) agrees phonetically with this word, but is also interpreted differently.

unk

Unclear


κέστρα

grc-noun

κέστρᾰ • (késtră) f (genitive κέστρᾱς); first declension

κέστρᾰ (canonical)
késtră (romanization)
κέστρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κέστρᾰ (nominative singular)
κέστρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κέστραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέστρᾱς (genitive singular)
κέστραιν (dual genitive)
κεστρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κέστρᾳ (dative singular)
κέστραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέστραις (dative plural)
τὴν κέστρᾰν (accusative singular)
κέστρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέστρᾱς (accusative plural)
κέστρᾰ (singular vocative)
κέστρᾱ (dual vocative)
κέστραι (plural vocative)

From κεντέω (kentéō, “to sting, goad”) + -τρα (-tra).


σφῦρα

grc-noun

σφῦρᾰ • (sphûră) f (genitive σφῡ́ρᾱς); first declension

σφῦρᾰ (canonical)
sphûră (romanization)
σφῡ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σφῦρᾰ (nominative singular)
σφῡ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σφῦραι (nominative plural)
τῆς σφῡ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
σφῡ́ραιν (dual genitive)
σφῡρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σφῡ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
σφῡ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφῡ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν σφῦρᾰν (accusative singular)
σφῡ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφῡ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
σφῦρᾰ (singular vocative)
σφῡ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
σφῦραι (plural vocative)

Greek: σφυρί (sfyrí)

Mariupol Greek: сфири́ (sfirí)

Translingual: Sphyrna

Julius Pokorny connects this word with σπαίρω (spaírō, “to hammer, to make rapid movements”). Frisk connects this word with σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball”), but this seems far-fetched, especially since the semantic connection is not evident. The etymology thus remains uncertain.


ὠτογλυφίς

ὠτογλῠφῐ́δος

ὠτογλῠφῐ́ς • (ōtoglŭphĭ́s) f (genitive ὠτογλῠφῐ́δος); third declension

ὠτογλῠφῐ́ς (canonical)
ōtoglŭphĭ́s (romanization)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ὠτογλῠφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠτογλῠφῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠτογλῠφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠτογλῠφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠτογλῠφῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ōtoglŭphĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs ōtoglŭphĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ὠτογλῠφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠτογλῠφῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ὠτογλῠφῐ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὠτογλῠφῐ́δος

From οὖς (oûs, “ear”) + γλυφίς (gluphís, “pen knife, chisel”).


ὀδοντάγρα

grc-noun

ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ • (odontắgrā) f (genitive ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱς); first declension

ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (canonical)
odontắgrā (romanization)
ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (nominative singular)
ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀδοντᾰ́γραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive singular)
ὀδοντᾰ́γραιν (dual genitive)
ὀδοντᾰγρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾳ (dative singular)
ὀδοντᾰ́γραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀδοντᾰ́γραις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱν (accusative singular)
ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (singular vocative)
ὀδοντᾰ́γρᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀδοντᾰ́γραι (plural vocative)

From ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth”) + ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “catching”).


κατάνη

grc-noun

κᾰτᾰ́νη • (kătắnē) f (genitive κᾰτᾰ́νης); first declension

κᾰτᾰ́νη (canonical)
kătắnē (romanization)
κᾰτᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ κᾰτᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
κᾰτᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰτᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰτᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
κᾰτᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
κᾰτᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰτᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
κᾰτᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰτᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰτᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
κᾰτᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰτᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰτᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
κᾰτᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰτᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

Possibly from Sicel katane (“grater”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱh₃tós (“sharpened”), from *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”).


λίστρον

λῐ́στρον • (lĭ́stron) n (genitive λῐ́στρου); second declension

λῐ́στρον (canonical)
lĭ́stron (romanization)
λῐ́στρου (genitive)
τὸ λῐ́στρον (nominative singular)
λῐ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́στρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐ́στρου (genitive singular)
λῐ́στροιν (dual genitive)
λῐ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐ́στρῳ (dative singular)
λῐ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ λῐ́στρον (accusative singular)
λῐ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́στρᾰ (accusative plural)
λῐ́στρον (singular vocative)
λῐ́στρω (dual vocative)
λῐ́στρᾰ (plural vocative)
λίστρος (alternative)

An instrument name in -τρον (-tron) without explanation. It may belong to λίς (lís, “smooth, even”) and λισσός (lissós, “smooth”). Comparisons with Lithuanian lýdyti (“to dig up, unearth”) and Latin līra (“furrow”) have been given up.

unk

without explanation

cog

tool for levelling or smoothing, spade, shovel


γλαρίς

grc-noun

γλᾰρίς • (glărís) f (genitive γλᾰρίδος); third declension

γλᾰρίς (canonical)
glărís (romanization)
γλᾰρίδος (genitive)
ἡ γλᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
γλᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γλᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γλᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
γλᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
γλᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γλᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
γλᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γλᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs glărĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs glărĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν γλᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
γλᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γλᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γλᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γλᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Unknown. The formation is semantically related to γραφίς (graphís), γλυφίς (gluphís) and κοπίς (kopís).


μηλωτρίς

μηλωτρῐ́ς • (mēlōtrĭ́s) f (genitive μηλωτρῐ́δος); third declension

μηλωτρῐ́ς (canonical)
mēlōtrĭ́s (romanization)
μηλωτρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ μηλωτρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
μηλωτρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ μηλωτρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς μηλωτρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
μηλωτρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
μηλωτρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ μηλωτρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
μηλωτρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μηλωτρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
μηλωτρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs mēlōtrĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs mēlōtrĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν μηλωτρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
μηλωτρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μηλωτρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
μηλωτρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
μηλωτρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
μηλωτρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: mēlōtris

instrument for probing, especially for cleaning the ears


τύκος

τῠ́κος • (tŭ́kos) m (genitive τῠ́κου); second declension

τῠ́κος (canonical)
tŭ́kos (romanization)
τῠ́κου (genitive)
ὁ τῠ́κος (nominative singular)
τῠ́κω (dual nominative)
οἱ τῠ́κοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῠ́κου (genitive singular)
τῠ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῠ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ τῠ́κῳ (dative singular)
τῠ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῠ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸν τῠ́κον (accusative singular)
τῠ́κω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῠ́κους (accusative plural)
τῠ́κε (singular vocative)
τῠ́κω (dual vocative)
τῠ́κοι (plural vocative)
τύχος (alternative)

From Proto-Hellenic *túkos, traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *teuk-, with cognates in Russian ткать (tkatʹ, “to weave”) and Latvian tūkât (“to knead, press”). Yet the consonant variation rather seems to demonstrate that the word is Pre-Greek. The influence of τεύχω (teúkhō, “to make”) is improbable, as its meaning is not specific enough.


λιθολάβος

λῐθολᾰ́βος • (lĭtholắbos) m (genitive λῐθολᾰ́βου); second declension

λῐθολᾰ́βος (canonical)
lĭtholắbos (romanization)
λῐθολᾰ́βου (genitive)
ὁ λῐθολᾰ́βος (nominative singular)
λῐθολᾰ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ λῐθολᾰ́βοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐθολᾰ́βου (genitive singular)
λῐθολᾰ́βοιν (dual genitive)
λῐθολᾰ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐθολᾰ́βῳ (dative singular)
λῐθολᾰ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐθολᾰ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν λῐθολᾰ́βον (accusative singular)
λῐθολᾰ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λῐθολᾰ́βους (accusative plural)
λῐθολᾰ́βε (singular vocative)
λῐθολᾰ́βω (dual vocative)
λῐθολᾰ́βοι (plural vocative)

→ English: litholabe

From λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take”).


πρίων

grc-noun

πρῑ́ων • (prī́ōn) m (genitive πρῑ́ονος); third declension

πρῑ́ων (canonical)
prī́ōn (romanization)
πρῑ́ονος (genitive)
ὁ πρῑ́ων (nominative singular)
πρῑ́ονε (dual nominative)
οἱ πρῑ́ονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρῑ́ονος (genitive singular)
πρῑόνοιν (dual genitive)
πρῑόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πρῑ́ονῐ (dative singular)
πρῑόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρῑ́οσῐ (dative plural)
πρῑ́οσῐν (dative plural)
toîs prī́osĭ (dative plural)
toîs prī́osĭn (dative plural)
τὸν πρῑ́ονᾰ (accusative singular)
πρῑ́ονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πρῑ́ονᾰς (accusative plural)
πρῖον (singular vocative)
πρῑ́ονε (dual vocative)
πρῑ́ονες (plural vocative)

Greek: πριόνι (prióni)

desc

→ Translingual: (through genitive) Prionus

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܣܪܐ (massārā) (semantic loan)

→ Old Armenian: սղոց (słocʻ) (semantic loan)

2nd–4th centuries AD, Physiologus 5

a kind of marine animal, possibly the dolphin


ῥαιστήρ

grc-noun

ῥαιστήρ • (rhaistḗr) m (genitive ῥαιστῆρος); third declension

rhaistḗr (romanization)
ῥαιστῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ῥαιστήρ (nominative singular)
ῥαιστῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥαιστῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥαιστῆρος (genitive singular)
ῥαιστήροιν (dual genitive)
ῥαιστήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥαιστῆρῐ (dative singular)
ῥαιστήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥαιστῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ῥαιστῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhaistêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhaistêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῥαιστῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
ῥαιστῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥαιστῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥαιστήρ (singular vocative)
ῥαιστῆρε (dual vocative)
ῥαιστῆρες (plural vocative)

From ῥαίω (rhaíō, “to break, shatter”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).


ἀλφάδιον

grc-noun

ἀλφᾰ́δῐον • (alphắdĭon) n (genitive ἀλφᾰδῐ́ου); second declension

ἀλφᾰ́δῐον (canonical)
alphắdĭon (romanization)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἀλφᾰ́δῐον (nominative singular)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀλφᾰ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀλφᾰδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀλφᾰδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀλφᾰδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀλφᾰ́δῐον (accusative singular)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀλφᾰ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀλφᾰ́δῐον (singular vocative)
ἀλφᾰδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἀλφᾰ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: αλφάδι (alfádi)

ἄλφα (álpha, “square”) + -δῐον (-dĭon, diminutive suffix)


ξυήλη

grc-noun

ξῠήλη • (xŭḗlē) f (genitive ξῠήλης); first declension

ξῠήλη (canonical)
xŭḗlē (romanization)
ξῠήλης (genitive)
ἡ ξῠήλη (nominative singular)
ξῠήλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ξῠῆλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ξῠήλης (genitive singular)
ξῠήλαιν (dual genitive)
ξῠηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ξῠήλῃ (dative singular)
ξῠήλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ξῠήλαις (dative plural)
τὴν ξῠήλην (accusative singular)
ξῠήλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ξῠήλᾱς (accusative plural)
ξῠήλη (singular vocative)
ξῠήλᾱ (dual vocative)
ξῠῆλαι (plural vocative)


ὄπεας

ὄπεᾰς • (ópeăs) n (genitive ὀπέᾰτος); third declension

ὄπεᾰς (canonical)
ópeăs (romanization)
ὀπέᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ὄπεᾰς (nominative singular)
τοῦ ὀπέᾰτος (genitive singular)
τῷ ὀπέᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τὸ ὄπεᾰς (accusative singular)
ὄπεᾰς (singular vocative)
ὔπεα (alternative)

From the radical *ὀπ- (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-), the same root of ὀπή (opḗ, “hole, opening”). The word would properly mean "hole-making tool", rather than "provided with an eye". The nominative would then yield *ὄπεαρ (*ópear), replaced by the current form. The alternative form remains difficult to explain; folk etymology was assumed and dialectal origin may also be considered.


περιτομεύς

περῐτομεύς • (perĭtomeús) m (genitive περῐτομέως); third declension

περῐτομεύς (canonical)
perĭtomeús (romanization)
περῐτομέως (genitive)
ὁ περῐτομεύς (nominative singular)
περῐτομῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ περῐτομῆς (nominative plural)
περῐτομεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ περῐτομέως (genitive singular)
περῐτομέοιν (dual genitive)
περῐτομέων (genitive plural)
τῷ περῐτομεῖ (dative singular)
περῐτομέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς περῐτομεῦσῐ (dative plural)
περῐτομεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs perĭtomeûsĭ (dative plural)
toîs perĭtomeûsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν περῐτομέᾱ (accusative singular)
περῐτομῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς περῐτομέᾱς (accusative plural)
περῐτομεῦ (singular vocative)
περῐτομῆ (dual vocative)
περῐτομῆς (plural vocative)
περῐτομεῖς (plural vocative)

From περιτέμνω (peritémnō, “to cut round about”) + -εύς (-eús, masculine agentive suffix).


ὀνυχιστήριον

grc-noun

ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον

ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ου

ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον • (onŭkhĭstḗrĭon) n (genitive ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ου); second declension

ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον (canonical)
onŭkhĭstḗrĭon (romanization)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον (nominative singular)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὀνῠχῐστήρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον (accusative singular)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὀνῠχῐστήρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον (singular vocative)
ὀνῠχῐστηρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ὀνῠχῐστήρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὀνῠχῐστήρῐον

From ὀνυχόω (onukhóō, “to make like a nail”) + -τήριον (-tḗrion).


κουρίς

grc-noun

κουρῐ́ς • (kourĭ́s) f (genitive κουρῐ́δος); third declension

κουρῐ́ς (canonical)
kourĭ́s (romanization)
κουρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κουρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
κουρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κουρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κουρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
κουρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
κουρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κουρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
κουρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κουρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κουρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kourĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kourĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κουρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κουρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κουρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κουρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κουρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κουρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From κουρά (kourá, “wool shorn, fleece”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

af

shears, used for removing the fleece from sheep


μάρρον

grc-noun

μᾰ́ρρον • (mắrrhon) n (genitive μᾰ́ρρου); second declension

μᾰ́ρρον (canonical)
mắrrhon (romanization)
μᾰ́ρρου (genitive)
τὸ μᾰ́ρρον (nominative singular)
μᾰ́ρρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μᾰ́ρρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰ́ρρου (genitive singular)
μᾰ́ρροιν (dual genitive)
μᾰ́ρρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰ́ρρῳ (dative singular)
μᾰ́ρροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰ́ρροις (dative plural)
τὸ μᾰ́ρρον (accusative singular)
μᾰ́ρρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μᾰ́ρρᾰ (accusative plural)
μᾰ́ρρον (singular vocative)
μᾰ́ρρω (dual vocative)
μᾰ́ρρᾰ (plural vocative)

Possibly from Semitic. Compare Akkadian 𒄑𒈥 (marru [^(GEŠ)MAR]), Classical Syriac ܡܪܐ (marra) and Arabic مَرّ (marr). Compare also Latin marra (“hoe”).


θρῖναξ

θρῖνᾰξ • (thrînăx) f (genitive θρῑ́νᾰκος); third declension

θρῖνᾰξ (canonical)
thrînăx (romanization)
θρῑ́νᾰκος (genitive)
ἡ θρῖνᾰξ (nominative singular)
θρῑ́νᾰκε (dual nominative)
αἱ θρῑ́νᾰκες (nominative plural)
τῆς θρῑ́νᾰκος (genitive singular)
θρῑνᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
θρῑνᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ θρῑ́νᾰκῐ (dative singular)
θρῑνᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θρῑ́νᾰξῐ (dative plural)
θρῑ́νᾰξῐν (dative plural)
taîs thrī́năxĭ (dative plural)
taîs thrī́năxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν θρῑ́νᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
θρῑ́νᾰκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θρῑ́νᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
θρῖνᾰξ (singular vocative)
θρῑ́νᾰκε (dual vocative)
θρῑ́νᾰκες (plural vocative)
θρῑνάκη (alternative)

→ Translingual: Thrinax

Mostly interpreted as a compound with τρι- (tri-), but the attempts at finding an Indo-European etymology have failed. Furnée compares τρίναξ (trínax, “instrument used in agriculture”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the variation θρι-/τρι- and the typical substrate suffix -ᾰξ.

winnowing fork, three-pronged fork used to stir grain


χήλευμα

χήλευμᾰ • (khḗleumă) n (genitive χηλεύμᾰτος); third declension

χήλευμᾰ (canonical)
khḗleumă (romanization)
χηλεύμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ χήλευμᾰ (nominative singular)
χηλεύμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χηλεύμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χηλεύμᾰτος (genitive singular)
χηλευμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
χηλευμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ χηλεύμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
χηλευμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χηλεύμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
χηλεύμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs khēleúmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs khēleúmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ χήλευμᾰ (accusative singular)
χηλεύμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χηλεύμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
χήλευμᾰ (singular vocative)
χηλεύμᾰτε (dual vocative)
χηλεύμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From χηλεύω (khēleúō, “to plait, net”) + -μᾰ (-mă).


σπάλαθρον

grc-noun

σπᾰ́λᾰθρον • (spắlăthron) n (genitive σπᾰλᾰ́θρου); second declension

σπᾰ́λᾰθρον (canonical)
spắlăthron (romanization)
σπᾰλᾰ́θρου (genitive)
τὸ σπᾰ́λᾰθρον (nominative singular)
σπᾰλᾰ́θρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σπᾰ́λᾰθρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπᾰλᾰ́θρου (genitive singular)
σπᾰλᾰ́θροιν (dual genitive)
σπᾰλᾰ́θρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπᾰλᾰ́θρῳ (dative singular)
σπᾰλᾰ́θροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπᾰλᾰ́θροις (dative plural)
τὸ σπᾰ́λᾰθρον (accusative singular)
σπᾰλᾰ́θρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σπᾰ́λᾰθρᾰ (accusative plural)
σπᾰ́λᾰθρον (singular vocative)
σπᾰλᾰ́θρω (dual vocative)
σπᾰ́λᾰθρᾰ (plural vocative)
σκάλευθρον (alternative)
σπάλαυθρον (alternative)


ἐκπιεστήριον

ἐκπῐεστήρῐον

ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ου

ἐκπῐεστήρῐον • (ekpĭestḗrĭon) n (genitive ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ου); second declension

ἐκπῐεστήρῐον (canonical)
ekpĭestḗrĭon (romanization)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἐκπῐεστήρῐον (nominative singular)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐκπῐεστήρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐκπῐεστήρῐον (accusative singular)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐκπῐεστήρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐκπῐεστήρῐον (singular vocative)
ἐκπῐεστηρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἐκπῐεστήρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐκπῐεστήρῐον

From ἐκπιέζω (ekpiézō, “to squeeze out”) + -τήριον (-tḗrion).


περιστροφίς

grc-noun

περῐστροφῐ́ς

περῐστροφῐ́δος

περῐστροφῐ́ς • (perĭstrophĭ́s) f (genitive περῐστροφῐ́δος); third declension

περῐστροφῐ́ς (canonical)
perĭstrophĭ́s (romanization)
περῐστροφῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ περῐστροφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
περῐστροφῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ περῐστροφῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς περῐστροφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
περῐστροφῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
περῐστροφῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ περῐστροφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
περῐστροφῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περῐστροφῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
περῐστροφῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs perĭstrophĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs perĭstrophĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν περῐστροφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
περῐστροφῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περῐστροφῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
περῐστροφῐ́ς (singular vocative)
περῐστροφῐ́δε (dual vocative)
περῐστροφῐ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

περῐστροφῐ́ς

περῐστροφῐ́δος

From περιστροφή (peristrophḗ, “turning round”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

af

wooden implement that is turned round, strickle


ἶπος

grc-noun

ἶπος • (îpos) f (genitive ἴ̄που); second declension

îpos (romanization)
ἴ̄που (genitive)
ἡ ἶπος (nominative singular)
ῑ̓́πω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἶποι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓́που (genitive singular)
ῑ̓́ποιν (dual genitive)
ῑ̓́πων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓́πῳ (dative singular)
ῑ̓́ποιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓́ποις (dative plural)
τὴν ἶπον (accusative singular)
ῑ̓́πω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῑ̓́πους (accusative plural)
ἶπε (singular vocative)
ῑ̓́πω (dual vocative)
ἶποι (plural vocative)

Unexplained. One could compare ἰψών (ipsṓn, “prison”).

unk

Unexplained

piece of wood in a mousetrap, that falls and catches the rodent

press of a fuller or for medical purposes


κνάφος

grc-noun

κνᾰ́φος • (knắphos) m (genitive κνᾰ́φου); second declension

κνᾰ́φος (canonical)
knắphos (romanization)
κνᾰ́φου (genitive)
ὁ κνᾰ́φος (nominative singular)
κνᾰ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ κνᾰ́φοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κνᾰ́φου (genitive singular)
κνᾰ́φοιν (dual genitive)
κνᾰ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ κνᾰ́φῳ (dative singular)
κνᾰ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κνᾰ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν κνᾰ́φον (accusative singular)
κνᾰ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κνᾰ́φους (accusative plural)
κνᾰ́φε (singular vocative)
κνᾰ́φω (dual vocative)
κνᾰ́φοι (plural vocative)
γνάφος (alternative)

According to Beekes, the variation κν-/γν- points to a Pre-Greek origin of the word. Not related to κνίζω (knízō, “to scratch, gash”), nor to κνύω (knúō, “to scratch”).

prickly teasel, used by fullers to card or clean cloth

carding-comb, also used as an instrument of torture


καρχήσιον

κᾰρχήσῐον • (kărkhḗsĭon) n (genitive κᾰρχησῐ́ου); second declension

κᾰρχήσῐον (canonical)
kărkhḗsĭon (romanization)
κᾰρχησῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κᾰρχήσῐον (nominative singular)
κᾰρχησῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κᾰρχήσῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰρχησῐ́ου (genitive singular)
κᾰρχησῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
κᾰρχησῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰρχησῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
κᾰρχησῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰρχησῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κᾰρχήσῐον (accusative singular)
κᾰρχησῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κᾰρχήσῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κᾰρχήσῐον (singular vocative)
κᾰρχησῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κᾰρχήσῐᾰ (plural vocative)
καρχᾱσιον (alternative Doric)

→ Latin: carchēsium

Foreign word of unknown origin. Maybe from Pre-Greek.

unk

unknown


τριόδους

grc-noun

τρῐόδους • (trĭódous) m (genitive τρῐόδοντος); third declension

τρῐόδους (canonical)
trĭódous (romanization)
τρῐόδοντος (genitive)
ὁ τρῐόδους (nominative singular)
τρῐόδοντε (dual nominative)
οἱ τρῐόδοντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρῐόδοντος (genitive singular)
τρῐοδόντοιν (dual genitive)
τρῐοδόντων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρῐόδοντῐ (dative singular)
τρῐοδόντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρῐόδουσῐ (dative plural)
τρῐόδουσῐν (dative plural)
toîs trĭódousĭ (dative plural)
toîs trĭódousĭn (dative plural)
τὸν τρῐόδοντᾰ (accusative singular)
τρῐόδοντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρῐόδοντᾰς (accusative plural)
τρῐόδον (singular vocative)
τρῐόδοντε (dual vocative)
τρῐόδοντες (plural vocative)

From τρῐ- (trĭ-, “three”) + ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth”).


πλόκανον

grc-noun

πλόκᾰνον • (plókănon) n (genitive πλοκᾰ́νου); second declension

πλόκᾰνον (canonical)
plókănon (romanization)
πλοκᾰ́νου (genitive)
τὸ πλόκἀνον (nominative singular)
πλοκἄνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πλόκἀνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλοκἄνου (genitive singular)
πλοκἄνοιν (dual genitive)
πλοκἄνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πλοκἄνῳ (dative singular)
πλοκἄνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλοκἄνοις (dative plural)
τὸ πλόκἀνον (accusative singular)
πλοκἄνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πλόκἀνᾰ (accusative plural)
πλόκἀνον (singular vocative)
πλοκἄνω (dual vocative)
πλόκἀνᾰ (plural vocative)
πλόχανον (alternative)

From πλέκω (plékō, “to intertwine, weave”).


σκαλίς

σκᾰλίς • (skălís) f (genitive σκᾰλίδος); third declension

σκᾰλίς (canonical)
skălís (romanization)
σκᾰλίδος (genitive)
ἡ σκᾰλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
σκᾰλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σκᾰλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σκᾰλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
σκᾰλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
σκᾰλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σκᾰλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
σκᾰλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκᾰλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σκᾰλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs skălĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs skălĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σκᾰλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
σκᾰλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκᾰλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σκᾰλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σκᾰλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σκᾰλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From σκάλλω (skállō, “to stir up, hoe”) + -ίς (-ís).


ὀρυά

grc-noun

ὀρῠᾱ́ • (orŭā́) f (genitive ὀρῠᾶς); first declension

ὀρῠᾱ́ (canonical)
orŭā́ (romanization)
ὀρῠᾶς (genitive)
ἡ ὀρῠᾱ́ (nominative singular)
ὀρῠᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀρῠαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀρῠᾶς (genitive singular)
ὀρῠαῖν (dual genitive)
ὀρῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀρῠᾷ (dative singular)
ὀρῠαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀρῠαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ὀρῠᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
ὀρῠᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀρῠᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ὀρῠᾱ́ (singular vocative)
ὀρῠᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ὀρῠαί (plural vocative)

kind of quarrying tool, perhaps a pickaxe


ξάνιον

ξᾰ́νῐον • (xắnĭon) n (genitive ξᾰνῐ́ου); second declension

ξᾰ́νῐον (canonical)
xắnĭon (romanization)
ξᾰνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ξᾰ́νῐον (nominative singular)
ξᾰνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ξᾰ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ξᾰνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ξᾰνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ξᾰνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ξᾰνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ξᾰνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ξᾰνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ξᾰ́νῐον (accusative singular)
ξᾰνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ξᾰ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ξᾰ́νῐον (singular vocative)
ξᾰνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ξᾰ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ξαίνω (xaínō, “to card”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


ἐργαλεῖον

grc-noun

ἐργᾰλεῖον • (ergăleîon) n (genitive ἐργᾰλείου); second declension

ἐργᾰλεῖον (canonical)
ergăleîon (romanization)
ἐργᾰλείου (genitive)
τὸ ἐργᾰλεῖον (nominative singular)
ἐργᾰλείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐργᾰλεῖᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐργᾰλείου (genitive singular)
ἐργᾰλείοιν (dual genitive)
ἐργᾰλείων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐργᾰλείῳ (dative singular)
ἐργᾰλείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐργᾰλείοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐργᾰλεῖον (accusative singular)
ἐργᾰλείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐργᾰλεῖᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐργᾰλεῖον (singular vocative)
ἐργᾰλείω (dual vocative)
ἐργᾰλεῖᾰ (plural vocative)
ἐργαλήϊον (alternative Ionic)
ϝεργαλεῖον (alternative Cretan)

Greek: εργαλείο (ergaleío)

→ Latin: ergalium

Galician: argallo

From ἔργον (érgon, “work”) + -εῖον (-eîon).


ῥιπίς

ῥῑπῐ́ς • (rhīpĭ́s) f (genitive ῥῑπῐ́δος); third declension

ῥῑπῐ́ς (canonical)
rhīpĭ́s (romanization)
ῥῑπῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ῥῑπῐ́ς (nominative singular)
ῥῑπῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥῑπῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥῑπῐ́δος (genitive singular)
ῥῑπῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
ῥῑπῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥῑπῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
ῥῑπῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥῑπῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ῥῑπῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs rhīpĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs rhīpĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ῥῑπῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ῥῑπῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥῑπῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥῑπῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ῥῑπῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ῥῑπῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From ῥίψ (rhíps, “mat, wickerwork”) + -ίς (-ís).


ῥυκάνη

grc-noun

ῥῠκᾰ́νη • (rhŭkắnē) f (genitive ῥῠκᾰ́νης); first declension

ῥῠκᾰ́νη (canonical)
rhŭkắnē (romanization)
ῥῠκᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ ῥῠκᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
ῥῠκᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥῠκᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥῠκᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
ῥῠκᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
ῥῠκᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥῠκᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
ῥῠκᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥῠκᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥῠκᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
ῥῠκᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥῠκᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥῠκᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
ῥῠκᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
ῥῠκᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: runcīna

The formation is similar to σκαπάνη (skapánē), δρεπάνη (drepánē) and other instrument names, but the root is unknown. The word has been connected to Sanskrit स्रुच् (sruc, “sort of large wooden ladle”), but this fails to account for the meaning. A Pre-Greek origin is certainly a possibility for this word.


κρησέρα

grc-noun

κρησέρᾰ • (krēséră) f (genitive κρησέρᾱς); first declension

κρησέρᾰ (canonical)
krēséră (romanization)
κρησέρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κρησέρᾰ (nominative singular)
κρησέρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κρησέραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κρησέρᾱς (genitive singular)
κρησέραιν (dual genitive)
κρησερῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρησέρᾳ (dative singular)
κρησέραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρησέραις (dative plural)
τὴν κρησέρᾰν (accusative singular)
κρησέρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρησέρᾱς (accusative plural)
κρησέρᾰ (singular vocative)
κρησέρᾱ (dual vocative)
κρησέραι (plural vocative)
κρησέρη (alternative Ionic)
κραἅρα (alternative)

Isolated words in -έρα, like διφθέρα (diphthéra), ἀσκέρα (askéra), χολέρα (kholéra) and κυσέρη (kusérē), are likely to be loans. Theoretically, from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to sieve”), the same root of κρίνω (krínō, “to sieve”).


ἀπόμακτρον

ἀπόμᾰκτρον • (apómăktron) n (genitive ἀπομᾰ́κτρου); second declension

ἀπόμᾰκτρον (canonical)
apómăktron (romanization)
ἀπομᾰ́κτρου (genitive)
τὸ ἀπόμᾰκτρον (nominative singular)
ἀπομᾰ́κτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀπόμᾰκτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀπομᾰ́κτρου (genitive singular)
ἀπομᾰ́κτροιν (dual genitive)
ἀπομᾰ́κτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀπομᾰ́κτρῳ (dative singular)
ἀπομᾰ́κτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀπομᾰ́κτροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀπόμᾰκτρον (accusative singular)
ἀπομᾰ́κτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀπόμᾰκτρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀπόμᾰκτρον (singular vocative)
ἀπομᾰ́κτρω (dual vocative)
ἀπόμᾰκτρᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἀπο- (apo-, “away”) + μάκτρον (máktron, “wiper, towel”).


ἡθμός

grc-noun

ἡθμός • (hēthmós) m (genitive ἡθμοῦ); second declension

hēthmós (romanization)
ἡθμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἡθμός (nominative singular)
ἡθμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἡθμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἡθμοῦ (genitive singular)
ἡθμοῖν (dual genitive)
ἡθμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἡθμῷ (dative singular)
ἡθμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἡθμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἡθμόν (accusative singular)
ἡθμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἡθμούς (accusative plural)
ἡθμέ (singular vocative)
ἡθμώ (dual vocative)
ἡθμοί (plural vocative)
ἠθμός (alternative)

From ἤθω (ḗthō, “to strain, sift”) + -μός (-mós, nominal suffix).


κρεοστάθμη

grc-noun

κρεοστᾰ́θμης

κρεοστᾰ́θμη • (kreostắthmē) f (genitive κρεοστᾰ́θμης); first declension

κρεοστᾰ́θμη (canonical)
kreostắthmē (romanization)
κρεοστᾰ́θμης (genitive)
ἡ κρεοστᾰ́θμη (nominative singular)
κρεοστᾰ́θμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κρεοστᾰ́θμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κρεοστᾰ́θμης (genitive singular)
κρεοστᾰ́θμαιν (dual genitive)
κρεοστᾰθμῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρεοστᾰ́θμῃ (dative singular)
κρεοστᾰ́θμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρεοστᾰ́θμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κρεοστᾰ́θμην (accusative singular)
κρεοστᾰ́θμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρεοστᾰ́θμᾱς (accusative plural)
κρεοστᾰ́θμη (singular vocative)
κρεοστᾰ́θμᾱ (dual vocative)
κρεοστᾰ́θμαι (plural vocative)

From κρέας (kréas, “flesh, meat”) + στάθμη (státhmē, “carpenter's line”).


σφαγίς

grc-noun

σφᾰγῐ́ς • (sphăgĭ́s) f (genitive σφᾰγῐ́δος); third declension

σφᾰγῐ́ς (canonical)
sphăgĭ́s (romanization)
σφᾰγῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σφᾰγῐ́ς (nominative singular)
σφᾰγῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σφᾰγῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σφᾰγῐ́δος (genitive singular)
σφᾰγῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
σφᾰγῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σφᾰγῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
σφᾰγῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφᾰγῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σφᾰγῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs sphăgĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs sphăgĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σφᾰγῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
σφᾰγῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφᾰγῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σφᾰγῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σφᾰγῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σφᾰγῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From σφάζω (spházō, “to slaughter”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).


τορύνη

grc-noun

τορῡ́νη • (torū́nē) f (genitive τορῡ́νης); first declension

τορῡ́νη (canonical)
torū́nē (romanization)
τορῡ́νης (genitive)
ἡ τορῡ́νη (nominative singular)
τορῡ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τορῦναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τορῡ́νης (genitive singular)
τορῡ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τορῡνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τορῡ́νῃ (dative singular)
τορῡ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τορῡ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν τορῡ́νην (accusative singular)
τορῡ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τορῡ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
τορῡ́νη (singular vocative)
τορῡ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
τορῦναι (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to κορύνη (korúnē), σιβύνη (sibúnē) and χελύνη (khelúnē). Semantically, one could connect Old English þweran (“to stir”) and þwirel (“stick for whipping milk”). Yet formally this etymology is implausible, since it would require a zero grade *τυρ-ύνη (*tur-únē). Derivation from the root of τείρω (teírō, “to oppress, distress, weaken”) is semantically difficult. Latin trua (“ladle”) has the same meaning, but the form cannot be reconciled with that of this word. In view of the suffix -υν-, the word could be Pre-Greek.

stirrer, ladle for stirring things while boiling


ἐόργη

ἐόργη • (eórgē) f (genitive ἐόργης); first declension

eórgē (romanization)
ἐόργης (genitive)
ἡ ἐόργη (nominative singular)
ἐόργᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐόργαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐόργης (genitive singular)
ἐόργαιν (dual genitive)
ἐοργῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐόργῃ (dative singular)
ἐόργαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐόργαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἐόργην (accusative singular)
ἐόργᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐόργᾱς (accusative plural)
ἐόργη (singular vocative)
ἐόργᾱ (dual vocative)
ἐόργαι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to make”), the same root as ἔρδω (érdō, “to do, perform”), ῥέζω (rhézō, “to do, make”) and ἔργον (érgon, “work”).


ταγηνοστρόφιον

τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον

τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ου

τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον • (tăgēnostróphĭon) n (genitive τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ου); second declension

τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον (canonical)
tăgēnostróphĭon (romanization)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον (nominative singular)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τᾰγηνοστρόφῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον (accusative singular)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τᾰγηνοστρόφῐᾰ (accusative plural)
τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον (singular vocative)
τᾰγηνοστροφῐ́ω (dual vocative)
τᾰγηνοστρόφῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

τᾰγηνοστρόφῐον

From τάγηνον (tágēnon, “frying pan”) + στρόφιον (stróphion, “band, headband”).

compound

a utensil for turning things over in a frying pan


κύβηλις

grc-noun

κῠ́βηλῐς • (kŭ́bēlĭs) f (genitive κῠβήλεως); third declension

κῠ́βηλῐς (canonical)
kŭ́bēlĭs (romanization)
κῠβήλεως (genitive)
ἡ κῠ́βηλῐς (nominative singular)
κῠβήλει (dual nominative)
αἱ κῠβήλεις (nominative plural)
τῆς κῠβήλεως (genitive singular)
κῠβηλέοιν (dual genitive)
κῠβήλεων (genitive plural)
τῇ κῠβήλει (dative singular)
κῠβηλέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῠβήλεσῐ (dative plural)
κῠβήλεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs kŭbḗlesĭ (dative plural)
taîs kŭbḗlesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κῠ́βηλῐν (accusative singular)
κῠβήλει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῠβήλεις (accusative plural)
κῠ́βηλῐ (singular vocative)
κῠβήλει (dual vocative)
κῠβήλεις (plural vocative)

axe, cleaver, large knife with which cattle were slain


πληγάς

πληγᾰ́ς • (plēgắs) f (genitive πληγᾰ́δος); third declension

πληγᾰ́ς (canonical)
plēgắs (romanization)
πληγᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πληγᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
πληγᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πληγᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πληγᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
πληγᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
πληγᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πληγᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
πληγᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πληγᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
πληγᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs plēgắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs plēgắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πληγᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
πληγᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πληγᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πληγᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
πληγᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
πληγᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Plegadis

From πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike, smite”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).


ἐξαυστήρ

grc-noun

ἐξαυστήρ • (exaustḗr) m (genitive ἐξαυστῆρος); third declension

exaustḗr (romanization)
ἐξαυστῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ἐξαυστήρ (nominative singular)
ἐξαυστῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐξαυστῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐξαυστῆρος (genitive singular)
ἐξαυστήροιν (dual genitive)
ἐξαυστήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐξαυστῆρῐ (dative singular)
ἐξαυστήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐξαυστῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ἐξαυστῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs exaustêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs exaustêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἐξαυστῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
ἐξαυστῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐξαυστῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐξαυστήρ (singular vocative)
ἐξαυστῆρε (dual vocative)
ἐξαυστῆρες (plural vocative)

From ἐξαύω (exaúō, “to take out dressed meat”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).


κοπίς

grc-noun

κοπῐ́ς • (kopĭ́s) f (genitive κοπῐ́δος); third declension

κοπῐ́ς (canonical)
kopĭ́s (romanization)
κοπῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κοπῐ́ς (nominative singular)
κοπῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κοπῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κοπῐ́δος (genitive singular)
κοπῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
κοπῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κοπῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
κοπῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κοπῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κοπῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kopĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kopĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κοπῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κοπῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κοπῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κοπῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κοπῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κοπῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From κοπή (kopḗ, “cutting, slaughter”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

af

(at Sparta) feast given on certain festivals to strangers


ἀρυτήρ

grc-noun

ᾰ̓ρῠτήρ • (ărŭtḗr) m (genitive ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρος); third declension

ᾰ̓ρῠτήρ (canonical)
ărŭtḗr (romanization)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ᾰ̓ρῠτήρ (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρος (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓ρῠτήροιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓ρῠτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρῐ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓ρῠτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ărŭtêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs ărŭtêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓ρῠτήρ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓ρῠτῆρες (plural vocative)

From ᾰ̓ρῠ́ω (ărŭ́ō, “to draw (water, wine, etc.)”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, masculine noun suffix).


λίστριον

grc-noun

λῐ́στρῐον • (lĭ́strĭon) n (genitive λῐστρῐ́ου); second declension

λῐ́στρῐον (canonical)
lĭ́strĭon (romanization)
λῐστρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λῐ́στρῐον (nominative singular)
λῐστρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́στρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λῐστρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
λῐστρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
λῐστρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λῐστρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
λῐστρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λῐστρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λῐ́στρῐον (accusative singular)
λῐστρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λῐ́στρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λῐ́στρῐον (singular vocative)
λῐστρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λῐ́στρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From λίστρον (lístron, “spade, shovel”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


ὑλιστήρ

grc-noun

ὑ̄λῐστήρ • (hūlĭstḗr) m (genitive ὑ̄λῐστῆρος); third declension

ὑ̄λῐστήρ (canonical)
hūlĭstḗr (romanization)
ὑ̄λῐστῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ῡ̔λῐστήρ (nominative singular)
ῡ̔λῐστῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῡ̔λῐστῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῡ̔λῐστῆρος (genitive singular)
ῡ̔λῐστήροιν (dual genitive)
ῡ̔λῐστήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῡ̔λῐστῆρῐ (dative singular)
ῡ̔λῐστήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῡ̔λῐστῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ῡ̔λῐστῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hūlĭstêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs hūlĭstêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῡ̔λῐστῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
ῡ̔λῐστῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῡ̔λῐστῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῡ̔λῐστήρ (singular vocative)
ῡ̔λῐστῆρε (dual vocative)
ῡ̔λῐστῆρες (plural vocative)

From ὑλίζω (hulízō, “to strain, filter”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).


πρίστις

grc-noun

πρῐ́στῐς • (prĭ́stĭs) f (genitive πρῐ́στεως); third declension

πρῐ́στῐς (canonical)
prĭ́stĭs (romanization)
πρῐ́στεως (genitive)
ἡ πρῐ́στῐς (nominative singular)
πρῐ́στει (dual nominative)
αἱ πρῐ́στεις (nominative plural)
τῆς πρῐ́στεως (genitive singular)
πρῐστέοιν (dual genitive)
πρῐ́στεων (genitive plural)
τῇ πρῐ́στει (dative singular)
πρῐστέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πρῐ́στεσῐ (dative plural)
πρῐ́στεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs prĭ́stesĭ (dative plural)
taîs prĭ́stesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πρῐ́στῐν (accusative singular)
πρῐ́στει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πρῐ́στεις (accusative plural)
πρῐ́στῐ (singular vocative)
πρῐ́στει (dual vocative)
πρῐ́στεις (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pristis

→ Translingual: Pristis

From πρίζω (prízō, “to saw”) + -τις (-tis, nominal suffix).


ψήκτρα

grc-noun

ψήκτρᾱ • (psḗktrā) f (genitive ψήκτρᾱς); first declension

ψήκτρᾱ (canonical)
psḗktrā (romanization)
ψήκτρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ψήκτρᾱ (nominative singular)
ψήκτρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ψῆκτραι (nominative plural)
τῆς ψήκτρᾱς (genitive singular)
ψήκτραιν (dual genitive)
ψηκτρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ψήκτρᾳ (dative singular)
ψήκτραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψήκτραις (dative plural)
τὴν ψήκτρᾱν (accusative singular)
ψήκτρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψήκτρᾱς (accusative plural)
ψήκτρᾱ (singular vocative)
ψήκτρᾱ (dual vocative)
ψῆκτραι (plural vocative)

Greek: ψήκτρα (psíktra)

From ψήχω (psḗkhō, “to rub down, curry”) + -τρα (-tra).


ἄρμενον

grc-noun

ἄρμενον • (ármenon) n (genitive ἀρμένου); second declension

ármenon (romanization)
ἀρμένου (genitive)
τὸ ἄρμενον (nominative singular)
ἀρμένω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἄρμενᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρμένου (genitive singular)
ἀρμένοιν (dual genitive)
ἀρμένων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρμένῳ (dative singular)
ἀρμένοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρμένοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἄρμενον (accusative singular)
ἀρμένω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἄρμενᾰ (accusative plural)
ἄρμενον (singular vocative)
ἀρμένω (dual vocative)
ἄρμενᾰ (plural vocative)

Literally, "what has been fitted out", "equipment", a substantivization from ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together; equip”).


βίσβη

βῐ́σβη • (bĭ́sbē) f (genitive βῐ́σβης); first declension

βῐ́σβη (canonical)
bĭ́sbē (romanization)
βῐ́σβης (genitive)
ἡ βῐ́σβη (nominative singular)
βῐ́σβᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βῐ́σβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς βῐ́σβης (genitive singular)
βῐ́σβαιν (dual genitive)
βῐσβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βῐ́σβῃ (dative singular)
βῐ́σβαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βῐ́σβαις (dative plural)
τὴν βῐ́σβην (accusative singular)
βῐ́σβᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βῐ́σβᾱς (accusative plural)
βῐ́σβη (singular vocative)
βῐ́σβᾱ (dual vocative)
βῐ́σβαι (plural vocative)
βίσβης (alternative)


μύδρος

μῠ́δρος • (mŭ́dros) m (genitive μῠ́δρου); second declension

μῠ́δρος (canonical)
mŭ́dros (romanization)
μῠ́δρου (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́δρος (nominative singular)
μῠ́δρω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́δροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́δρου (genitive singular)
μῠ́δροιν (dual genitive)
μῠ́δρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́δρῳ (dative singular)
μῠ́δροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́δροις (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́δρον (accusative singular)
μῠ́δρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́δρους (accusative plural)
μῠ́δρε (singular vocative)
μῠ́δρω (dual vocative)
μῠ́δροι (plural vocative)
σμύδρος (alternative)

Greek: μύδρος (mýdros)

If related to μυδάω (mudáō, “to be damp, dripping”), which is formally proximate, this word originally denoted the molten, flowing metal mass as opposed to the hard iron. However, the technical meaning and the variant σμύδρος (smúdros) rather suggest a Pre-Greek origin.

red hot stone throw in a liquid to vaporize it


κρεάγρα

κρεᾰ́γρᾱ • (kreắgrā) f (genitive κρεᾰ́γρᾱς); first declension

κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (canonical)
kreắgrā (romanization)
κρεᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (nominative singular)
κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κρεᾰ́γραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κρεᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive singular)
κρεᾰ́γραιν (dual genitive)
κρεᾰγρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρεᾰ́γρᾳ (dative singular)
κρεᾰ́γραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρεᾰ́γραις (dative plural)
τὴν κρεᾰ́γρᾱν (accusative singular)
κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρεᾰ́γρᾱς (accusative plural)
κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (singular vocative)
κρεᾰ́γρᾱ (dual vocative)
κρεᾰ́γραι (plural vocative)

From κρέας (kréas, “meat”) + ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “hunting”).


τροχιλεία

grc-noun

τροχῐλείᾱ • (trokhĭleíā) f (genitive τροχῐλείᾱς); first declension

τροχῐλείᾱ (canonical)
trokhĭleíā (romanization)
τροχῐλείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ τροχῐλείᾱ (nominative singular)
τροχῐλείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τροχῐλεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τροχῐλείᾱς (genitive singular)
τροχῐλείαιν (dual genitive)
τροχῐλειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τροχῐλείᾳ (dative singular)
τροχῐλείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τροχῐλείαις (dative plural)
τὴν τροχῐλείᾱν (accusative singular)
τροχῐλείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τροχῐλείᾱς (accusative plural)
τροχῐλείᾱ (singular vocative)
τροχῐλείᾱ (dual vocative)
τροχῐλεῖαι (plural vocative)
τροχᾰλῐ́ᾱ (alternative)
τροχηλῐ́ᾱ (alternative)
τροχῐλέᾰ (alternative)
τροχῐλεῖον (alternative)
τροχῐλῐ́ᾱ (alternative)

⇒ Latin: trochlea

→ Alemannic German: Trüegle

→ English: trochlea

From τροχῐ́λος (trokhĭ́los, “sheave in block and tackle equipment”) + -είᾱ (-eíā, nominal suffix).

affix

block and tackle, system of several pulleys, roof of a windlass


τροχίλος

grc-noun

τροχῐ́λος • (trokhĭ́los) m (genitive τροχῐ́λου); second declension

τροχῐ́λος (canonical)
trokhĭ́los (romanization)
τροχῐ́λου (genitive)
ὁ τροχῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τροχῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ τροχῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τροχῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τροχῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τροχῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ τροχῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τροχῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τροχῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν τροχῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τροχῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τροχῐ́λους (accusative plural)
τροχῐ́λε (singular vocative)
τροχῐ́λω (dual vocative)
τροχῐ́λοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: trochilus

→ English: trochilus

→ Spanish: troquilo

→ Translingual: Trochilus

From τρέχω (trékhō, “run, move quickly”) + -ῐ́λος (-ĭ́los, “denoting a kind of bird”).

af

Pluvianus aegyptius
Pluvianus aegyptius#Translingual


ἀντλητήρ

grc-noun

ἀντλητήρ • (antlētḗr) m (genitive ἀντλητῆρος); third declension

antlētḗr (romanization)
ἀντλητῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀντλητήρ (nominative singular)
ἀντλητῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀντλητῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀντλητῆρος (genitive singular)
ἀντλητήροιν (dual genitive)
ἀντλητήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀντλητῆρῐ (dative singular)
ἀντλητήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀντλητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀντλητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs antlētêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs antlētêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἀντλητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
ἀντλητῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀντλητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀντλητήρ (singular vocative)
ἀντλητῆρε (dual vocative)
ἀντλητῆρες (plural vocative)

From ἀντλέω (antléō, “to bale out bilge-water”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).

af

bailer, used for removing water which has entered a boat


λοῖσθος

λοῖσθος • (loîsthos) m or f (neuter λοῖσθον); second declension

loîsthos (romanization)
λοῖσθον (neuter)
λοῖσθος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
λοῖσθον (neuter nominative singular)
λοίσθω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
λοίσθω (dual neuter nominative)
λοῖσθοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
λοῖσθᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
λοίσθου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
λοίσθου (genitive neuter singular)
λοίσθοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
λοίσθοιν (dual genitive neuter)
λοίσθων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
λοίσθων (genitive neuter plural)
λοίσθῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
λοίσθῳ (dative neuter singular)
λοίσθοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
λοίσθοιν (dative dual neuter)
λοίσθοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
λοίσθοις (dative neuter plural)
λοῖσθον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
λοῖσθον (accusative neuter singular)
λοίσθω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
λοίσθω (accusative dual neuter)
λοίσθους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
λοῖσθᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
λοῖσθε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
λοῖσθον (neuter singular vocative)
λοίσθω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
λοίσθω (dual neuter vocative)
λοῖσθοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
λοῖσθᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
λοίσθως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
λοισθότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
λοισθότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Uncertain etymology due to medial -θ-. Scheftelowitz posited *sloydʰ-to-, which is compared to Russian после́дний (poslédnij, “last, latest”), Lithuanian slýsti (“to glide”) and ὀλισθάνω (olisthánō, “to slip, slide”), but it is unlikely that the cluster preserved its aspiration for such a long time.

unk

Uncertain etymology


βαρύλλιον

grc-noun

βᾰρῠ́λλῐον • (bărŭ́llĭon) n (genitive βᾰρῠλλῐ́ου); second declension

βᾰρῠ́λλῐον (canonical)
bărŭ́llĭon (romanization)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βᾰρῠ́λλῐον (nominative singular)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βᾰρῠ́λλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰρῠλλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰρῠλλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰρῠλλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βᾰρῠ́λλῐον (accusative singular)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βᾰρῠ́λλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βᾰρῠ́λλῐον (singular vocative)
βᾰρῠλλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βᾰρῠ́λλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From βᾰ́ρος (bắros, “weight”) + -ύλλιον (-úllion, diminutive suffix).

af

instrument to find the weight of liquids


γλυφίς

grc-noun

γλῠφῐ́ς • (glŭphĭ́s) f (genitive γλῠφῐ́δος); third declension

γλῠφῐ́ς (canonical)
glŭphĭ́s (romanization)
γλῠφῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γλῠφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γλῠφῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γλῠφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
γλῠφῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
γλῠφῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γλῠφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλῠφῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γλῠφῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs glŭphĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs glŭphĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν γλῠφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
γλῠφῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλῠφῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γλῠφῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γλῠφῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γλῠφῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Glyphis, Cataglyphis, Euglyphis, Peraglyphis, Phaenoglyphis, Sarcoglyphis

From γλῠ́φω (glŭ́phō, “to carve, engrave”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).


μεσόλαβος

grc-noun

μεσόλᾰβος • (mesólăbos) m (genitive μεσολᾰ́βου); second declension

μεσόλᾰβος (canonical)
mesólăbos (romanization)
μεσολᾰ́βου (genitive)
ὁ μεσόλᾰβος (nominative singular)
μεσολᾰ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ μεσόλᾰβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μεσολᾰ́βου (genitive singular)
μεσολᾰ́βοιν (dual genitive)
μεσολᾰ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ μεσολᾰ́βῳ (dative singular)
μεσολᾰ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μεσολᾰ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν μεσόλᾰβον (accusative singular)
μεσολᾰ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μεσολᾰ́βους (accusative plural)
μεσόλᾰβε (singular vocative)
μεσολᾰ́βω (dual vocative)
μεσόλᾰβοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: mesolabium

→ English: mesolabe

From μεσο- (meso-, in the middle) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take, grasp”).

af

mesolabe, a mathematical instrument used for finding mean proportional lines


σταφυλάγρα

grc-noun

στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱς

στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ • (stăphŭlắgrā) f (genitive στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱς); first declension

στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (canonical)
stăphŭlắgrā (romanization)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (nominative singular)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ στᾰφῠλᾰ́γραι (nominative plural)
τῆς στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱς (genitive singular)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γραιν (dual genitive)
στᾰφῠλᾰγρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾳ (dative singular)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στᾰφῠλᾰ́γραις (dative plural)
τὴν στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱν (accusative singular)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱς (accusative plural)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (singular vocative)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γρᾱ (dual vocative)
στᾰφῠλᾰ́γραι (plural vocative)

From στᾰφῠλή (stăphŭlḗ, “bunch of grapes; uvula”) + ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “catching, catch”).


χειρομύλη

grc-noun

χειρομῠ́λη • (kheiromŭ́lē) f (genitive χειρομῠ́λης); first declension

χειρομῠ́λη (canonical)
kheiromŭ́lē (romanization)
χειρομῠ́λης (genitive)
ἡ χειρομῠ́λη (nominative singular)
χειρομῠ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χειρομῠ́λαι (nominative plural)
τῆς χειρομῠ́λης (genitive singular)
χειρομῠ́λαιν (dual genitive)
χειρομῠλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χειρομῠ́λῃ (dative singular)
χειρομῠ́λαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χειρομῠ́λαις (dative plural)
τὴν χειρομῠ́λην (accusative singular)
χειρομῠ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χειρομῠ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
χειρομῠ́λη (singular vocative)
χειρομῠ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
χειρομῠ́λαι (plural vocative)

From χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + μῠ́λη (mŭ́lē, “mill”).


τρίναξ

grc-noun

τρῐ́νᾰξ • (trĭ́năx) f (genitive τρῐ́νᾰκος); third declension

τρῐ́νᾰξ (canonical)
trĭ́năx (romanization)
τρῐ́νᾰκος (genitive)
ἡ τρῐ́νᾰξ (nominative singular)
τρῐ́νᾰκε (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῐ́νᾰκες (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῐ́νᾰκος (genitive singular)
τρῐνᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τρῐνᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῐ́νᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τρῐνᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῐ́νᾰξῐ (dative plural)
τρῐ́νᾰξῐν (dative plural)
taîs trĭ́năxĭ (dative plural)
taîs trĭ́năxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν τρῐ́νᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τρῐ́νᾰκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῐ́νᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
τρῐ́νᾰξ (singular vocative)
τρῐ́νᾰκε (dual vocative)
τρῐ́νᾰκες (plural vocative)

Traditionally derived from τρῐ- (trĭ-, three) + ἀκή (akḗ, “point, extremity”). However, Furnée compares θρῖναξ (thrînax, “three-pronged fork”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the variation θρι-/τρι- and the typical substrate suffix -ᾰξ.


καλαμίς

grc-noun

κᾰλᾰμῐ́ς • (kălămĭ́s) f (genitive κᾰλᾰμῐ́δος); third declension

κᾰλᾰμῐ́ς (canonical)
kălămĭ́s (romanization)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κᾰλᾰμῐ́ς (nominative singular)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰλᾰμῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰλᾰμῐ́δος (genitive singular)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰλᾰμῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰλᾰμῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kălămĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kălămĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰλᾰμῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰλᾰμῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From κᾰ́λᾰμος (kắlămos, “reed”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

af

(in the plural) reeds put in layers to strengthen buildings


τυκάνη

grc-noun

τῠκᾰ́νη • (tŭkắnē) f (genitive τῠκᾰ́νης); first declension

τῠκᾰ́νη (canonical)
tŭkắnē (romanization)
τῠκᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ τῠκᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τῠκᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τῠκᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τῠκᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τῠκᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῠκᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τῠκᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τῠκᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τῠκᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν τῠκᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τῠκᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τῠκᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
τῠκᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
τῠκᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
τῠκᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

→ Ottoman Turkish: دوگن (düğen, düven)

Turkish: düven

From τῠ́κος (tŭ́kos, “mason's hammer”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ắnē, instrument noun suffix).


ὑδροσκόπιον

grc-noun

ὑδροσκοπῐ́ου

ὑδροσκόπῐον • (hudroskópĭon) n (genitive ὑδροσκοπῐ́ου); second declension

ὑδροσκόπῐον (canonical)
hudroskópĭon (romanization)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ὑδροσκόπῐον (nominative singular)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὑδροσκόπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὑδροσκοπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὑδροσκοπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὑδροσκοπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ὑδροσκόπῐον (accusative singular)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὑδροσκόπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑδροσκόπῐον (singular vocative)
ὑδροσκοπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ὑδροσκόπῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὑδρόσκοπος (hudróskopos, “water-seeker”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


ζάγκλον

grc-noun

ζᾰ́γκλον • (zắnklon) n (genitive ζᾰ́γκλου); second declension

ζᾰ́γκλον (canonical)
zắnklon (romanization)
ζᾰ́γκλου (genitive)
τὸ ζᾰ́γκλον (nominative singular)
ζᾰ́γκλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ζᾰ́γκλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ζᾰ́γκλου (genitive singular)
ζᾰ́γκλοιν (dual genitive)
ζᾰ́γκλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ζᾰ́γκλῳ (dative singular)
ζᾰ́γκλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ζᾰ́γκλοις (dative plural)
τὸ ζᾰ́γκλον (accusative singular)
ζᾰ́γκλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ζᾰ́γκλᾰ (accusative plural)
ζᾰ́γκλον (singular vocative)
ζᾰ́γκλω (dual vocative)
ζᾰ́γκλᾰ (plural vocative)
ζᾰ́γκλη (alternative)

A Sicilian word without etymology. According to Niedermann, it is a Ligurian word, from which Latin falx (“scythe”) would be a loan as well.

unk

without etymology


τυρεία

grc-noun

τῡρείᾱ • (tūreíā) f (genitive τῡρείᾱς); first declension

τῡρείᾱ (canonical)
tūreíā (romanization)
τῡρείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ τῡρείᾱ (nominative singular)
τῡρείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τῡρεῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς τῡρείᾱς (genitive singular)
τῡρείαιν (dual genitive)
τῡρειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τῡρείᾳ (dative singular)
τῡρείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τῡρείαις (dative plural)
τὴν τῡρείᾱν (accusative singular)
τῡρείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τῡρείᾱς (accusative plural)
τῡρείᾱ (singular vocative)
τῡρείᾱ (dual vocative)
τῡρεῖαι (plural vocative)

From τῡρεύω (tūreúō, “I make cheese”) + -ίᾱ (-íā).