χαμαίπιτυς

grc-noun

χαμαιπῐ́τῠος

χαμαίπῐτῠς • (khamaípĭtŭs) f (genitive χαμαιπῐ́τῠος); third declension

χαμαίπῐτῠς (canonical)
khamaípĭtŭs (romanization)
χαμαιπῐ́τῠος (genitive)
ἡ χαμαίπῐτῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ χαμαιπῐ́τῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ χαμαιπῐ́τῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς χαμαιπῐ́τῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χαμαιπῐτῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χαμαιπῐτῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ χαμαιπῐ́τῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
χαμαιπῐ́τυι (dative singular)
τοῖν χαμαιπῐτῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χαμαιπῐ́τῠσῐ (dative plural)
χαμαιπῐ́τῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs khamaipĭ́tŭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs khamaipĭ́tŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν χαμαίπῐτῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ χαμαιπῐ́τῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χαμαιπῐ́τῡς (accusative plural)
χαμαιπῐ́τῠᾰς (accusative plural)
χαμαίπῐτῠ (singular vocative)
χαμαιπῐ́τῠε (dual vocative)
χαμαιπῐ́τῠες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

χαμαιπῐ́τῠος

Latin: chamaepitys

From χαμαί (khamaí, “near the ground”) + πίτυς (pítus, “pine”).

compound

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual


αἰγυπιός

grc-noun

αἰγῠπῐός • (aigŭpĭós) m (genitive αἰγῠπῐοῦ); second declension

αἰγῠπῐός (canonical)
aigŭpĭós (romanization)
αἰγῠπῐοῦ (genitive)
ὁ αἰγῠπῐός (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγῠπῐώ (dual nominative)
οἱ αἰγῠπῐοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγῠπῐοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγῠπῐοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῠπῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγῠπῐῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγῠπῐοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγῠπῐοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν αἰγῠπῐόν (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγῠπῐώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγῠπῐούς (accusative plural)
αἰγῠπῐέ (singular vocative)
αἰγῠπῐώ (dual vocative)
αἰγῠπῐοί (plural vocative)

→ Italian: gheppio

→ Translingual: Aegypius

The comparison with Sanskrit ऋजिप्य (ṛjipya, “epithet of falcon”) is formally difficult; influence by αἴξ (aíx, “goat”) and γύψ (gúps, “vulture”) has been assumed, but this seems unlikely. The presence of the alternative form and the suffix -οπ- lead to a Pre-Greek origin.


ἴφυον

grc-noun

ῑ̓́φῠον • (ī́phŭon) n (genitive ῑ̓φύου); second declension

ῑ̓́φῠον (canonical)
ī́phŭon (romanization)
ῑ̓φύου (genitive)
τὸ ῑ̓́φῠον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓φῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῑ̓́φῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῑ̓φῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓φῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓φῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῑ̓φῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓φῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῑ̓φῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ῑ̓́φῠον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓φῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῑ̓́φῠᾰ (accusative plural)
ῑ̓́φῠον (singular vocative)
ῑ̓φῠ́ω (dual vocative)
ῑ̓́φῠᾰ (plural vocative)

Furnée connects this word with τίφυον (típhuon, “squill”). Nevertheless, a Pre-Greek word is probable a priori.


κέρθιος

κέρθῐος • (kérthĭos) m (genitive κερθίου); second declension

κέρθῐος (canonical)
kérthĭos (romanization)
κερθίου (genitive)
ὁ κέρθῐος (nominative singular)
τὼ κερθῐ́ω (dual nominative)
οἱ κέρθῐοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κερθῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κερθῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερθῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κερθῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κερθῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κερθῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸν κέρθῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κερθῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κερθῐ́ους (accusative plural)
κέρθῐε (singular vocative)
κερθῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κέρθῐοι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Certhia

Unexplained; the word hardly belongs to κρέξ (kréx). Likely from Pre-Greek.

Certhia familiaris
Certhia familiaris#Translingual


ἴσκαι

ἴσκαι • (ískai) f (genitive ἰσκῶν); first declension

ískai (romanization)
ἰσκῶν (genitive)
αἱ ἴσκαι (nominative plural)
τῶν ἰσκῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς ἴσκαις (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ἴσκᾱς (accusative plural)
ἴσκαι (plural vocative)

Unknown. If the variant is reliable, it would point to a Pre-Greek word.

(in the plural) fungus growing on oaks and walnut trees, used as a cautery


κυνόροδον

κῠνόροδον • (kŭnórodon) n (genitive κῠνορόδου); second declension

κῠνόροδον (canonical)
kŭnórodon (romanization)
κῠνορόδου (genitive)
τὸ κῠνόροδον (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠνορόδω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῠνόροδᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠνορόδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠνορόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠνορόδων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠνορόδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠνορόδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠνορόδοις (dative plural)
τὸ κῠνόροδον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠνορόδω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῠνόροδᾰ (accusative plural)
κῠνόροδον (singular vocative)
κῠνορόδω (dual vocative)
κῠνόροδᾰ (plural vocative)

From κῠ́ων (kŭ́ōn, “dog”, oblique stem: κῠν-, kun-) + ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”).

compound

oblique stem: <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">κῠν-</i>, kun-


ὑπέρεικος

grc-noun

ὑπέρεικος • (hupéreikos) f (genitive ὑπερείκου); second declension

hupéreikos (romanization)
ὑπερείκου (genitive)
ἡ ὑπέρεικος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑπερείκω (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑπέρεικοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑπερείκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑπερείκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑπερείκων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑπερείκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑπερείκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑπερείκοις (dative plural)
τὴν ὑπέρεικον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑπερείκω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑπερείκους (accusative plural)
ὑπέρεικε (singular vocative)
ὑπερείκω (dual vocative)
ὑπέρεικοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: hypericum

→ Translingual: Hypericum

From ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “under”) + ἐρείκη (ereíkē, “heath”).

affix

Hypericum perforatum
Hypericum perforatum#Translingual


ὁλκός

holkós (romanization)
ὁλκή (feminine)
ὁλκόν (neuter)
ὁλκός (masculine nominative singular)
ὁλκή (feminine nominative singular)
ὁλκόν (neuter nominative singular)
ὁλκώ (dual masculine nominative)
ὁλκᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
ὁλκώ (dual neuter nominative)
ὁλκοί (masculine nominative plural)
ὁλκαί (feminine nominative plural)
ὁλκᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
ὁλκοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
ὁλκῆς (feminine genitive singular)
ὁλκοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
ὁλκοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
ὁλκαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
ὁλκοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
ὁλκῶν (genitive masculine plural)
ὁλκῶν (feminine genitive plural)
ὁλκῶν (genitive neuter plural)
ὁλκῷ (dative masculine singular)
ὁλκῇ (dative feminine singular)
ὁλκῷ (dative neuter singular)
ὁλκοῖν (dative dual masculine)
ὁλκαῖν (dative dual feminine)
ὁλκοῖν (dative dual neuter)
ὁλκοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ὁλκαῖς (dative feminine plural)
ὁλκοῖς (dative neuter plural)
ὁλκόν (accusative masculine singular)
ὁλκήν (accusative feminine singular)
ὁλκόν (accusative neuter singular)
ὁλκώ (accusative dual masculine)
ὁλκᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
ὁλκώ (accusative dual neuter)
ὁλκούς (accusative masculine plural)
ὁλκᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
ὁλκᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ὁλκέ (masculine singular vocative)
ὁλκή (feminine singular vocative)
ὁλκόν (neuter singular vocative)
ὁλκώ (dual masculine vocative)
ὁλκᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
ὁλκώ (dual neuter vocative)
ὁλκοί (masculine plural vocative)
ὁλκαί (feminine plural vocative)
ὁλκᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
ὁλκῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ὁλκότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ὁλκότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From Proto-Indo-European *selk- (“to pull, drag”), whence also ὁλκή (holkḗ, “dragging, drawing”), ἕλκω (hélkō, “to draw, drag”), Latin sulcus (“furrow”) and Old English sulh (“plough”).


ὁλκός

grc-noun

ὁλκός • (holkós) m (genitive ὁλκοῦ); second declension

holkós (romanization)
ὁλκοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ὁλκός (nominative singular)
τὼ ὁλκώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὁλκοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὁλκοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὁλκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὁλκῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὁλκῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὁλκοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὁλκοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ὁλκόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὁλκώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὁλκούς (accusative plural)
ὁλκέ (singular vocative)
ὁλκώ (dual vocative)
ὁλκοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: holcus

Translingual: Holcus


τίφυον

τίφῠον • (típhŭon) n (genitive τιφύου); second declension

τίφῠον (canonical)
típhŭon (romanization)
τιφύου (genitive)
τὸ τίφῠον (nominative singular)
τὼ τιφῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τίφῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τιφῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τιφῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τιφῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ τιφῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τιφῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τιφῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ τίφῠον (accusative singular)
τὼ τιφῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τίφῠᾰ (accusative plural)
τίφῠον (singular vocative)
τιφῠ́ω (dual vocative)
τίφῠᾰ (plural vocative)

The connection with ἴφυον (íphuon, “spike lavender”) shows a Pre-Greek origin.


ἱμαντόπους

ἱμαντόπους • (himantópous) m (genitive ἱμαντόποδος); third declension

himantópous (romanization)
ἱμαντόποδος (genitive)
ὁ ἱμαντόπους (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱμαντόποδε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἱμαντόποδες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱμαντόποδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱμαντοπόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱμαντοπόδων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱμαντόποδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱμαντοπόδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱμαντόποσῐ (dative plural)
ἱμαντόποσῐν (dative plural)
toîs himantóposĭ (dative plural)
toîs himantóposĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἱμαντόποδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱμαντόποδε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἱμαντόποδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἱμαντόπους (singular vocative)
ἱμαντόποδε (dual vocative)
ἱμαντόποδες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Himantopus

From ἱμάς (himás, “leathern strap”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).


ῥίζις

grc-noun

ῥίζῐς • (rhízĭs) m (genitive ῥίζῐος); third declension

ῥίζῐς (canonical)
rhízĭs (romanization)
ῥίζῐος (genitive)
ὁ ῥῐ́ζῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῐ́ζῐε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥῐ́ζῐες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῐ́ζῐος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῐζῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῐζῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῐ́ζῑ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῐζῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῐ́ζῐσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῐ́ζῐσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhĭ́zĭsĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhĭ́zĭsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῥῐ́ζῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῐ́ζῐε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥῐ́ζῑς (accusative plural)
ῥῐ́ζῐᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥῐ́ζῐ (singular vocative)
ῥῐ́ζῐε (dual vocative)
ῥῐ́ζῐες (plural vocative)


ἀμπελόδεσμος

ἀμπελοδέσμου

ἀμπελόδεσμος • (ampelódesmos) m (genitive ἀμπελοδέσμου); second declension

ampelódesmos (romanization)
ἀμπελοδέσμου (genitive)
ὁ ἀμπελόδεσμος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοδέσμω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀμπελόδεσμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀμπελοδέσμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοδέσμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπελοδέσμων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀμπελοδέσμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοδέσμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀμπελοδέσμοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀμπελόδεσμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοδέσμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀμπελοδέσμους (accusative plural)
ἀμπελόδεσμε (singular vocative)
ἀμπελοδέσμω (dual vocative)
ἀμπελόδεσμοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀμπελόδεσμος

→ Translingual: Ampelodesmos

From ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “vine”) + δεσμός (desmós, “bond, fetter”).

compound

esparto (Lygeum spartum), used for tying up vines


σοῦσον

grc-noun

σοῦσον • (soûson) n (genitive σούσου); second declension

soûson (romanization)
σούσου (genitive)
τὸ σοῦσον (nominative singular)
τὼ σούσω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σοῦσᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σούσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σούσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σούσων (genitive plural)
τῷ σούσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σούσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σούσοις (dative plural)
τὸ σοῦσον (accusative singular)
τὼ σούσω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σοῦσᾰ (accusative plural)
σοῦσον (singular vocative)
σούσω (dual vocative)
σοῦσᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

→ Middle Persian: [script needed] (swsn' /sōsan/)

Classical Persian: سوسَن (sōsan), سَوْسَن (sawsan)

desctree

→ Arabic: سَوْسَن (sawsan)
Andalusian Arabic:
→ Galician: azucena
→ Portuguese: açucena
→ Spanish: azucena
Moroccan Arabic: سوسان (sūsān)

Borrowed from Egyptian zšn. Compare also Biblical Hebrew שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (šōšannā, “lily”) and Coptic ϣⲱϣⲉⲛ (šōšen).


κριγή

grc-noun

κρῐγή • (krĭgḗ) f (genitive κρῐγῆς); first declension

κρῐγή (canonical)
krĭgḗ (romanization)
κρῐγῆς (genitive)
ἡ κρῐγή (nominative singular)
τὼ κρῐγᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ κρῐγαί (nominative plural)
τῆς κρῐγῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρῐγαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρῐγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρῐγῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρῐγαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρῐγαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν κρῐγήν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρῐγᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρῐγᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
κρῐγή (singular vocative)
κρῐγᾱ́ (dual vocative)
κρῐγαί (plural vocative)

Athene noctua
Athene noctua#Translingual


ἀνδράχνη

ἀνδράχνη • (andrákhnē) f (genitive ἀνδράχνης); first declension

andrákhnē (romanization)
ἀνδράχνης (genitive)
ἡ ἀνδράχνη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνδράχνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνδράχναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνδράχνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνδράχναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνδραχνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνδράχνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνδράχναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνδράχναις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνδράχνην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνδράχνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνδράχνᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀνδράχνη (singular vocative)
ἀνδράχνᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀνδράχναι (plural vocative)

desc

Translingual: → Andrachne, Arbutus andrachne

Furnée compares ἀθραγένη (athragénē, “traveller's joy”), which is formally quite acceptable. A Pre-Greek origin is probable anyhow.

Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleracea#Translingual

Fragaria vesca
Fragaria vesca#Translingual


μίσυ

grc-noun

μίσυ • (mísu) n (genitive μίσῠος or μίσεως); third declension

mísu (romanization)
μίσῠος (genitive)
μίσεως (genitive)
τὸ μῐ́σῠ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σῠε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μῐ́σῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῐ́σῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῐσῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῐσῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῐ́σῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῐσῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῐ́σῠσῐ (dative plural)
μῐ́σῠσῐν (dative plural)
toîs mĭ́sŭsĭ (dative plural)
toîs mĭ́sŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ μῐ́σῠ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σῠε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μῐ́σῠᾰ (accusative plural)
μῐ́σῠ (singular vocative)
μῐ́σῠε (dual vocative)
μῐ́σῠᾰ (plural vocative)
τὸ μῐ́σῠ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μῐ́ση (nominative plural)
μῐ́σεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῐ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῐσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῐ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῐ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν μῐσέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῐ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
μῐ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs mĭ́sesĭ (dative plural)
toîs mĭ́sesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ μῐ́σῠ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῐ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μῐ́ση (accusative plural)
μῐ́σεᾰ (accusative plural)
μῐ́σῠ (singular vocative)
μῐ́σει (dual vocative)
μῐ́ση (plural vocative)
μῐ́σεᾰ (plural vocative)

Perhaps an adjective meaning "brilliant" borrowed from an Anatolian language; compare Hittite [script needed] (mišriuant, “brilliant, shining”), from the same root of Sanskrit मिषति (miṣati, “to blink, open the eyes”).

cog

truffle (Tuber aestivum), growing near Cyrene


ἑλεδώνη

grc-noun

ἑλεδώνη • (heledṓnē) f (genitive ἑλεδώνης); first declension

heledṓnē (romanization)
ἑλεδώνης (genitive)
ἡ ἑλεδώνη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑλεδώνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἑλεδῶναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἑλεδώνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑλεδώναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑλεδωνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἑλεδώνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑλεδώναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἑλεδώναις (dative plural)
τὴν ἑλεδώνην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑλεδώνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἑλεδώνᾱς (accusative plural)
ἑλεδώνη (singular vocative)
ἑλεδώνᾱ (dual vocative)
ἑλεδῶναι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Eledone

The formation is similar to χελώνη (khelṓnē) and γογγρώνη (gongrṓnē). The word has been compared with δελεδώνη (deledṓnē, “kind of fish”) by Beekes, who suggests a Pre-Greek etymology.


κελεός

κελεός • (keleós) m (genitive κελεοῦ); second declension

keleós (romanization)
κελεοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κελεός (nominative singular)
τὼ κελεώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κελεοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κελεοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κελεοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κελεῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κελεῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κελεοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κελεοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κελεόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κελεώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κελεούς (accusative plural)
κελεέ (singular vocative)
κελεώ (dual vocative)
κελεοί (plural vocative)

Perhaps it belongs to κολάπτω (koláptō, “to peck”), κόλος (kólos, “docked, hornless”), together with κελοί (keloí, “chopper, cutter”). Bechtel connected Lithuanian kùlti (“to thresh”), but according to Huber the alternative forms are a sign of foreign origin. It is probable that these variations are due to Pre-Greek origin.

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual


καδύτας

κᾰδύτᾱς • (kădútās) m (genitive κᾰδύτου); first declension

κᾰδύτᾱς (canonical)
kădútās (romanization)
κᾰδύτου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰδύτᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰδύτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰδύται (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰδύτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰδύταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰδυτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰδύτᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰδύταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰδύταις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰδύτᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰδύτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰδύτᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰδύτᾱ (singular vocative)
κᾰδύτᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰδύται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cassytas, cassythas, cadytas

→ Translingual: Cassytha

From Aramaic, represented by Jewish Babylonian Aramaic כְּשׁוּתָא (kəšūṯā, “dodder”), Classical Syriac ܟܫܽܘܬܳܐ (kəšūṯā, “dodder”), Arabic كُشُوث (kušūṯ, “dodder”). See these entries for their possible origin. According to de Lagarde καδύτας is completely unreal as a transcription error, that however Pliny already had in his manuscript of Theophrast, and only κασύτας (kasútas) has been spoken.


ποταμογείτων

grc-noun

ποτᾰμογείτων

ποτᾰμογείτονος

ποτᾰμογείτων • (potămogeítōn) m (genitive ποτᾰμογείτονος); third declension

ποτᾰμογείτων (canonical)
potămogeítōn (romanization)
ποτᾰμογείτονος (genitive)
ὁ ποτᾰμογείτων (nominative singular)
τὼ ποτᾰμογείτονε (dual nominative)
οἱ ποτᾰμογείτονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ποτᾰμογείτονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ποτᾰμογειτόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ποτᾰμογειτόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ποτᾰμογείτονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ποτᾰμογειτόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ποτᾰμογείτοσῐ (dative plural)
ποτᾰμογείτοσῐν (dative plural)
toîs potămogeítosĭ (dative plural)
toîs potămogeítosĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ποτᾰμογείτονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ποτᾰμογείτονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ποτᾰμογείτονᾰς (accusative plural)
ποτᾰμογεῖτον (singular vocative)
ποτᾰμογείτονε (dual vocative)
ποτᾰμογείτονες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ποτᾰμογείτων

ποτᾰμογείτονος

→ Translingual: Potamogeton

From ποταμός (potamós, “river”) + γείτων (geítōn, “neighbour”).


κέρχνη

grc-noun

κέρχνη • (kérkhnē) f (genitive κέρχνης); first declension

kérkhnē (romanization)
κέρχνης (genitive)
ἡ κέρχνη (nominative singular)
τὼ κέρχνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κέρχναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέρχνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέρχναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερχνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κέρχνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέρχναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέρχναις (dative plural)
τὴν κέρχνην (accusative singular)
τὼ κέρχνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέρχνᾱς (accusative plural)
κέρχνη (singular vocative)
κέρχνᾱ (dual vocative)
κέρχναι (plural vocative)

Probably from κέρχνος (kérkhnos, “raw voice”).

Falco tinnunculus
Falco tinnunculus#Translingual


καλλίθριξ

καλλίθριξ • (kallíthrix) f (genitive καλλίτρῐχος); third declension

kallíthrix (romanization)
καλλίτρῐχος (genitive)
ἡ καλλίθριξ (nominative singular)
τὼ καλλίτρῐχε (dual nominative)
αἱ καλλίτρῐχες (nominative plural)
τῆς καλλίτρῐχος (genitive singular)
τοῖν καλλιτρῐ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καλλιτρῐ́χων (genitive plural)
τῇ καλλίτρῐχῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν καλλιτρῐ́χοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς καλλίθρῐξῐ (dative plural)
καλλίθρῐξῐν (dative plural)
τὴν καλλίτρῐχᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ καλλίτρῐχε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς καλλίτρῐχᾰς (accusative plural)
καλλίθριξ (singular vocative)
καλλίτρῐχε (dual vocative)
καλλίτρῐχες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

καλλίθρῐξῐ / καλλίθρῐξῐν

→ Latin: callithrix

→ Translingual: Callithrix, Callitriche

Bahuvrīhi compound of καλλι- (kalli-, “beautiful”) + θρίξ (thríx, “hair”)


βέρεδος

grc-noun

βέρεδος • (béredos) m (genitive βερέδου); second declension

béredos (romanization)
βερέδου (genitive)
ὁ βέρεδος (nominative singular)
τὼ βερέδω (dual nominative)
οἱ βέρεδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βερέδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βερέδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βερέδων (genitive plural)
τῷ βερέδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βερέδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βερέδοις (dative plural)
τὸν βέρεδον (accusative singular)
τὼ βερέδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βερέδους (accusative plural)
βέρεδε (singular vocative)
βερέδω (dual vocative)
βέρεδοι (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: بَرِيد (barīd)

Borrowed from Latin verēdus, itself from Gaulish *werēdos.


ἀσπάλαθος

ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθος • (aspắlăthos) m or f (genitive ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θου); second declension

ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθος (canonical)
aspắlăthos (romanization)
ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θους (accusative plural)
ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθε (singular vocative)
ἀσπᾰλᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
ἀσπᾰ́λᾰθοι (plural vocative)

desc

> Greek: ασπάλαθος (aspálathos) (inherited)

→ Latin: aspalathus

→ Translingual: Aspalathus

Solmsen connected σπαλύσσεται (spalússetai, “to rip, agitate”) and σφαλάσσειν (sphalássein, “to cut, sting”), but this is semantically unconvincing. It is rather a Pre-Greek word in view of the suffix, typical of plant names. The word has also been compared with παλίουρος (palíouros, “Christ's thorn”).

name of several types of thornbush
camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum)


θλάσπις

grc-noun

θλάσπῐς • (thláspĭs) f (genitive θλάσπεως); third declension

θλάσπῐς (canonical)
thláspĭs (romanization)
θλάσπεως (genitive)
ἡ θλᾰ́σπῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ θλᾰ́σπει (dual nominative)
αἱ θλᾰ́σπεις (nominative plural)
τῆς θλᾰ́σπεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν θλᾰσπέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θλᾰ́σπεων (genitive plural)
τῇ θλᾰ́σπει (dative singular)
τοῖν θλᾰσπέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θλᾰ́σπεσῐ (dative plural)
θλᾰ́σπεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs thlắspesĭ (dative plural)
taîs thlắspesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν θλᾰ́σπῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ θλᾰ́σπει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θλᾰ́σπεις (accusative plural)
θλᾰ́σπῐ (singular vocative)
θλᾰ́σπει (dual vocative)
θλᾰ́σπεις (plural vocative)

→ Latin: thlaspi

→ Translingual: Thlaspi

Unknown. Derivation from θλάω (thláō, “to crush, bruise”) is folk-etymological.

Capsella bursa-pastoris
Capsella bursa-pastoris#Translingual

shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)


ὀστοκατεάκτης

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτης

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτου

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτης • (ostokăteáktēs) m (genitive ὀστοκᾰτεάκτου); first declension

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτης (canonical)
ostokăteáktēs (romanization)
ὀστοκᾰτεάκτου (genitive)
ὁ ὀστοκᾰτεάκτης (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀστοκᾰτεάκτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀστοκᾰτεάκται (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀστοκᾰτεάκτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστοκᾰτεάκταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστοκᾰτεακτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀστοκᾰτεάκτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστοκᾰτεάκταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀστοκᾰτεάκταις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀστοκᾰτεάκτην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀστοκᾰτεάκτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀστοκᾰτεάκτᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀστοκᾰτεάκτᾰ (singular vocative)
ὀστοκᾰτεάκτᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀστοκᾰτεάκται (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτης

ὀστοκᾰτεάκτου

ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) + κατεάσσω (kateássō, “to break, shatter”) + -της (-tēs, masculine agent-noun suffix).

affix

Gypaetus barbatus
Gypaetus barbatus#Translingual

ossifrage, lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus)


ἄρπιξ

head

ἄρπιξ • (árpix)

Unknown. The variation in -γδα and the form itself suggest a Pre-Greek origin.

Hesychius gives the definition as: εἶδος ἀκάνθης (eîdos akánthēs, literally “kind of thornbush”).


ῥῆον

grc-noun

ῥῆον • (rhêon) n (genitive ῥήου); second declension

rhêon (romanization)
ῥήου (genitive)
τὸ ῥῆον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥήω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥῆᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥήου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥήοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥήων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥήῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥήοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥήοις (dative plural)
τὸ ῥῆον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥήω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥῆᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥῆον (singular vocative)
ῥήω (dual vocative)
ῥῆᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: rhēum

→ Translingual: Rheum

From Middle Persian or a closely related language, from Proto-Iranian *(h)rabā́š (“rhubarb, fennel”).


χεδροπά

grc-noun

χεδροπά • (khedropá) n pl (genitive χεδροπῶν); second declension

khedropá (romanization)
χεδροπῶν (genitive)
τᾰ̀ χεδροπᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τῶν χεδροπῶν (genitive plural)
τοῖς χεδροποῖς (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ χεδροπᾰ́ (accusative plural)
χεδροπᾰ́ (plural vocative)

The word has been compared with Proto-Slavic *gorxъ (“pea”) and Latin furfur (“bran, husks of grain”), but this is formally untenable. A derivation from χείρ (kheír, “hand”) and δρέπω (drépō, “to pluck”) is folk-etymological. The variations show that the word is Pre-Greek.


λεοντοπόδιον

λεοντοπόδῐον

λεοντοποδῐ́ου

λεοντοπόδῐον • (leontopódĭon) n (genitive λεοντοποδῐ́ου); second declension

λεοντοπόδῐον (canonical)
leontopódĭon (romanization)
λεοντοποδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λεοντοπόδῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ λεοντοποδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λεοντοπόδῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λεοντοποδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεοντοποδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεοντοποδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λεοντοποδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεοντοποδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λεοντοποδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λεοντοπόδῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ λεοντοποδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λεοντοπόδῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λεοντοπόδῐον (singular vocative)
λεοντοποδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λεοντοπόδῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

λεοντοπόδῐον

→ Translingual: Leontopodium

From λέων (léōn, “lion”) + πούς (poús, “foot”) + -ῐον (-ĭon).

af

edelweiss (plant of the genus Leontopodium)


φάψ

grc-noun

φᾰ́ψ • (phắps) f (genitive φᾰβός); third declension

φᾰ́ψ (canonical)
phắps (romanization)
φᾰβός (genitive)
ἡ φᾰ́ψ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́βε (dual nominative)
αἱ φᾰ́βες (nominative plural)
τῆς φᾰβός (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φᾰβῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰβοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς φᾰψῐ́ (dative plural)
φᾰψῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs phăpsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν φᾰ́βᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́βε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́βᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ψ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́βε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́βες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Phaps

The formation is similar to other bird names, such as γύψ (gúps, “vulture”) and σκώψ (skṓps, “owl”). The word is clearly related to φάσσα (phássa, “pigeon”) and thus Pre-Greek.


θρυαλλίς

θρῠαλλίς • (thrŭallís) f (genitive θρῠαλλίδος); third declension

θρῠαλλίς (canonical)
thrŭallís (romanization)
θρῠαλλίδος (genitive)
ἡ θρῠαλλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ θρῠαλλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ θρῠαλλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς θρῠαλλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν θρῠαλλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θρῠαλλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ θρῠαλλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν θρῠαλλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θρῠαλλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
θρῠαλλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs thrŭallĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs thrŭallĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν θρῠαλλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θρῠαλλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θρῠαλλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
θρῠαλλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
θρῠαλλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
θρῠαλλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

The suffix -ίς occurs mostly with plants and birds, so the word is probably Pre-Greek.


ἀθραγένη

ἀθρᾰ́γένη • (athrắgénē) f (genitive ἀθρᾰ́γένης); first declension

ἀθρᾰ́γένη (canonical)
athrắgénē (romanization)
ἀθρᾰ́γένης (genitive)
ἡ ἀθρᾰγένη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθρᾰγένᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀθρᾰ́γεναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀθρᾰγένης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθρᾰγέναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθρᾰγενῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀθρᾰγένῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθρᾰγέναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀθρᾰγέναις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀθρᾰγένην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθρᾰγένᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀθρᾰγένᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀθρᾰγένη (singular vocative)
ἀθρᾰγένᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀθρᾰ́γεναι (plural vocative)

Frisk compares ἄθρας (áthras, “chariot”), but it is semantically untenable. Furnée compares ἀνδράχνη (andrákhnē, “purslane”) and concludes to a Pre-Greek origin, which is sustained also by Beekes due to the presence of prenasalization.

Clematis vitalba
Clematis vitalba#Translingual

traveller's joy, smokewood (Clematis vitalba)


ἀμπελόκαρπον

ἀμπελόκᾰρπον

ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπον

ἀμπελόκᾰρπον • (ampelókărpon) n (genitive ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπον); second declension

ἀμπελόκᾰρπον (canonical)
ampelókărpon (romanization)
ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπον (genitive)
τὸ ἀμπελόκᾰρπον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀμπελόκᾰρπᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρποις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀμπελόκᾰρπον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀμπελόκᾰρπᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀμπελόκᾰρπον (singular vocative)
ἀμπελοκᾰ́ρπω (dual vocative)
ἀμπελόκᾰρπᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀμπελόκᾰρπον

From ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “vine”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”).

compound

Galium aparine
Galium aparine#Translingual


δενδρομαλάχη

grc-noun

δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη

δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χης

δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη • (dendromălắkhē) f (genitive δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χης); first declension

δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη (canonical)
dendromălắkhē (romanization)
δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χης (genitive)
ἡ δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη (nominative singular)
τὼ δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χης (genitive singular)
τοῖν δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δενδρομᾰλᾰχῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χαις (dative plural)
τὴν δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χην (accusative singular)
τὼ δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χᾱς (accusative plural)
δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη (singular vocative)
δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χᾱ (dual vocative)
δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

δενδρομᾰλᾰ́χη

From δένδρον (déndron, “tree”) + μαλάχη (malákhē, “mallow”).


εὐλή

grc-noun

εὐλή • (eulḗ) f (genitive εὐλῆς); first declension

eulḗ (romanization)
εὐλῆς (genitive)
ἡ εὐλή (nominative singular)
τὼ εὐλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ εὐλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς εὐλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν εὐλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν εὐλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ εὐλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν εὐλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς εὐλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν εὐλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ εὐλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς εὐλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
εὐλή (singular vocative)
εὐλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
εὐλαί (plural vocative)

According to Frisk, it is an old verbal noun from εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, roll”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind”), properly meaning "that which winds or coils". However, a prothetic vowel *ἐ-ϝλ-ή is impossible, unless *h₁uel- is assumed; however, this would give ὑλ-. In view of all these considerations, Beekes prefers a Pre-Greek origin for this word.


ἐλεός

grc-noun

ἐλεός • (eleós) m (genitive ἐλεοῦ); second declension

eleós (romanization)
ἐλεοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἐλεός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐλεώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐλεοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐλεοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλεοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλεῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐλεῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλεοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐλεοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἐλεόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐλεώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐλεούς (accusative plural)
ἐλεέ (singular vocative)
ἐλεώ (dual vocative)
ἐλεοί (plural vocative)

unk

without etymology


βλίτον

grc-noun

βλῐ́τον • (blĭ́ton) n (genitive βλῐ́του); second declension

βλῐ́τον (canonical)
blĭ́ton (romanization)
βλῐ́του (genitive)
τὸ βλῐ́τον (nominative singular)
τὼ βλῐ́τω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βλῐ́τᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βλῐ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν βλῐ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βλῐ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ βλῐ́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βλῐ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βλῐ́τοις (dative plural)
τὸ βλῐ́τον (accusative singular)
τὼ βλῐ́τω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βλῐ́τᾰ (accusative plural)
βλῐ́τον (singular vocative)
βλῐ́τω (dual vocative)
βλῐ́τᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: βλίτο (vlíto)

desctree

→ Latin: blitum
Catalan: bleda (partially)
English: blite
French: blette (partially)
Spanish: bledo
Galician: beldro, beldrogo
Old Occitan: blet
Catalan: blet
Occitan: blet
→ Hebrew: בליטץ
Sicilian: jiti

→ Middle Armenian: վլիտոն (vliton)

Unknown. Not related as *μλίτον (*mlíton) to either μύλη (múlē, “mill”) or ἀμαλδύνω (amaldúnō, “to soften, mitigate”). Perhaps cognate to Albanian lëpjetë (“sorrel”). Also compare the cognates listed at Proto-Slavic *loboda (“goosefoot”).

Amaranthus blitum
Amaranthus blitum#Translingual


ὀξυάκανθα

grc-noun

ὀξῠᾰ́κανθᾰ • (oxŭắkanthă) f (genitive ὀξῠᾰκάνθης); first declension

ὀξῠᾰ́κανθᾰ (canonical)
oxŭắkanthă (romanization)
ὀξῠᾰκάνθης (genitive)
ἡ ὀξῠᾰ́κανθᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀξῠᾰκάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὀξῠᾰ́κανθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀξῠᾰκάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀξῠᾰκάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀξῠᾰκανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀξῠᾰκάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀξῠᾰκάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀξῠᾰκάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὀξῠᾰ́κανθᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀξῠᾰκάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀξῠᾰκάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
ὀξῠᾰ́κανθᾰ (singular vocative)
ὀξῠᾰκάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
ὀξῠᾰ́κανθαι (plural vocative)

desc

→ Renaissance Latin: oxyacantha, oxyacanthus

From ὀξῠ́ς (oxŭ́s, “sharp”) + ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


βασιλίσκος

grc-noun

βᾰσῐλῐ́σκος • (băsĭlĭ́skos) m (genitive βᾰσῐλῐ́σκου); second declension

βᾰσῐλῐ́σκος (canonical)
băsĭlĭ́skos (romanization)
βᾰσῐλῐ́σκου (genitive)
ὁ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰσῐλῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰσῐλῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰσῐλῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰσῐλῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν βᾰσῐλῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰσῐλῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βᾰσῐλῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
βᾰσῐλῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
βᾰσῐλῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
βᾰσῐλῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲥⲕⲟⲥ (basiliskos)

→ Latin: basiliscus, Basiliscus

desc

→ Old Armenian: բասիլիսկոս (basiliskos), բասիղիսկոս (basiłiskos)

From βᾰσῐλεύς (băsĭleús, “king”) + -ῐ́σκος (-ĭ́skos).

etymon

βᾰσῐλεύς>king

af

The given name of a Roman Emperor, Basiliscus (written in uppercase as Βασιλισκός)


δορύκνιον

grc-noun

δορῠ́κνῐον • (dorŭ́knĭon) n (genitive δορῠκνῐ́ου); second declension

δορῠ́κνῐον (canonical)
dorŭ́knĭon (romanization)
δορῠκνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ δορῠ́κνῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ δορῠκνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δορῠ́κνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δορῠκνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δορῠκνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δορῠκνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ δορῠκνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δορῠκνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δορῠκνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ δορῠ́κνῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ δορῠκνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δορῠ́κνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
δορῠ́κνῐον (singular vocative)
δορῠκνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
δορῠ́κνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: dorycnion

No etymology. Furnée compares στρύχνον (strúkhnon). On the epenthesis, compare κόνυζα (kónuza)/κνύζα (knúza); thus he assumes that this word stands for *δρύκνιον (*drúknion), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.

unk

No etymology


φιλυρέα

grc-noun

φῐλῠρέᾱ • (phĭlŭréā) f (genitive φῐλῠρέᾱς); first declension

φῐλῠρέᾱ (canonical)
phĭlŭréā (romanization)
φῐλῠρέᾱς (genitive)
ἡ φῐλῠρέᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῐλῠρέᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῐλῠρέαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῐλῠρέᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῐλῠρέαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῐλῠρεῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῐλῠρέᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῐλῠρέαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῐλῠρέαις (dative plural)
τὴν φῐλῠρέᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῐλῠρέᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῐλῠρέᾱς (accusative plural)
φῐλῠρέᾱ (singular vocative)
φῐλῠρέᾱ (dual vocative)
φῐλῠρέαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Phillyrea

From φῐλῠ́ρα (phĭlŭ́ra, “lime tree, linden”) + -έᾱ (-éā).


σάκχαρ

grc-noun

σᾰ́κχαρ • (sắkkhar) n (genitive σᾰ́κχαρος); third declension

σᾰ́κχαρ (canonical)
sắkkhar (romanization)
σᾰ́κχαρος (genitive)
τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰκχάρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ (dative plural)
σᾰ́κχαρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sắkkharsĭ (dative plural)
toîs sắkkharsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́κχαρ (singular vocative)
σᾰ́κχαρε (dual vocative)
σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (plural vocative)
τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰκχάρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ (dative plural)
σᾰ́κχαρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sắkkharsĭ (dative plural)
toîs sắkkharsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́κχαρ (singular vocative)
σᾰ́κχαρε (dual vocative)
σᾰ́κχαρᾰ (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: ζάχαρις (zákharis)

desctree

Greek: ζάχαρη (záchari)
→ Aromanian: zahãri
→ Bulgarian: захар (zahar)
→ Romanian: zahăr

→ Coptic: ⲍⲁⲭⲣⲓ (zakhri)

→ Latin: saccharon

New Latin: saccharum (see there for further descendants)

→ Old East Slavic: сахаръ (saxarŭ)

Old Ruthenian: са́харъ (sáxar)
Belarusian: са́хар (sáxar) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: са́хар (sáxar)

Russian: са́хар (sáxar) (see there for further descendants)

From Pali sakkharā, from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “grit, gravel; ground or candied sugar”).

der

Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum officinarum#Translingual


γάλινθοι

head

γάλινθοι • (gálinthoi)

From Pre-Greek, in view of the suffix -ινθος and the variant without prenasalization.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ἐρέβινθοι (erébinthoi, “chickpeas”).


μηλοκυδώνιον

grc-noun

μηλοκῠδώνῐον

μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ου

μηλοκῠδώνῐον • (mēlokŭdṓnĭon) n (genitive μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ου); second declension

μηλοκῠδώνῐον (canonical)
mēlokŭdṓnĭon (romanization)
μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ μηλοκῠδώνῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μηλοκῠδώνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηλοκῠδωνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηλοκῠδωνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μηλοκῠδωνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ μηλοκῠδώνῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μηλοκῠδώνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
μηλοκῠδώνῐον (singular vocative)
μηλοκῠδωνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
μηλοκῠδώνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

μηλοκῠδώνῐον

Latin: mālum cotōneum

From μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”) + Κυδώνιος (Kudṓnios, “Cydonian”), from Κυδωνία (Kudōnía, “Cydonia”).

af

Cydonia oblonga
Cydonia oblonga#Translingual


σφένδαμνος

grc-noun

σφένδᾰμνος • (sphéndămnos) f (genitive σφενδᾰ́μνου); second declension

σφένδᾰμνος (canonical)
sphéndămnos (romanization)
σφενδᾰ́μνου (genitive)
ἡ σφένδᾰμνος (nominative singular)
τὼ σφενδᾰ́μνω (dual nominative)
αἱ σφένδᾰμνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς σφενδᾰ́μνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφενδᾰ́μνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφενδᾰ́μνων (genitive plural)
τῇ σφενδᾰ́μνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφενδᾰ́μνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφενδᾰ́μνοις (dative plural)
τὴν σφένδᾰμνον (accusative singular)
τὼ σφενδᾰ́μνω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφενδᾰ́μνους (accusative plural)
σφένδᾰμνε (singular vocative)
σφενδᾰ́μνω (dual vocative)
σφένδᾰμνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σφενδάμι (sfendámi)

The formation is similar to δίκταμνον (díktamnon) and ὀρόδαμνος (oródamnos). Often connected to σφενδόνη (sphendónē, “sling”), either through a meaning "trembling" or after the form of the seeds. However, the word is probably Pre-Greek.

Acer monspessulanum
Acer monspessulanum#Translingual


γαμφηλαί

γᾰμφηλαί • (gămphēlaí) f pl (genitive γᾰμφηλῶν); first declension

γᾰμφηλαί (canonical)
gămphēlaí (romanization)
γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive)
αἱ γᾰμφηλαί (nominative plural)
τῶν γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς γᾰμφηλαῖς (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰμφηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
γᾰμφηλαί (plural vocative)

Generally connected with γόμφος (gómphos, “peg, nail”), but the α-vocalism is problematic. Neither an influence from γαμψός (gampsós, “curved, crooked”) or γναμπτήρ (gnamptḗr, “jaw”) seems to be a sufficient explanation. Pedersen pointed to Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“lip, mouth”). According to Beekes, the word may be Pre-Greek given the suffix -ηλ-, which can be found also in τράχηλος (trákhēlos).


σαρωνίς

σᾰρωνῐ́ς • (sărōnĭ́s) f (genitive σᾰρωνῐ́δος); third declension

σᾰρωνῐ́ς (canonical)
sărōnĭ́s (romanization)
σᾰρωνῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σᾰρωνῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰρωνῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σᾰρωνῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σᾰρωνῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰρωνῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰρωνῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σᾰρωνῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰρωνῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σᾰρωνῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σᾰρωνῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs sărōnĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs sărōnĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σᾰρωνῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰρωνῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σᾰρωνῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σᾰρωνῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σᾰρωνῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σᾰρωνῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Portuguese: sarônide/sarónide

According to Strömberg, from σαρῶνες (sarônes, “net of hunters”), which remains unconvincing in spite of the parallels adduced. The word has been connected with σορωνίς (sorōnís, “old silver fir”); since the variation α/ο cannot be explained, it must be assumed a Pre-Greek origin.


ἰβίσκος

ἰβίσκος • (ibískos) m (genitive ἰβίσκου); second declension

ibískos (romanization)
ἰβίσκου (genitive)
ὁ ἰβῐ́σκος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰβῐ́σκω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἰβῐ́σκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰβῐ́σκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰβῐ́σκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰβῐ́σκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰβῐ́σκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰβῐ́σκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰβῐ́σκοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἰβῐ́σκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰβῐ́σκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰβῐ́σκους (accusative plural)
ἰβῐ́σκε (singular vocative)
ἰβῐ́σκω (dual vocative)
ἰβῐ́σκοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: hibiscus

→ Translingual: Hibiscus

→ Latin: ibiscum

→ Old High German: ibisca

Middle High German: ibesche

German: Eibisch

Unknown, but possibly from a Celtic language. The word has been compared to ἰβηρίς (ibērís, “pepperwort”). Furnée thinks that the word comes from Pre-Greek, where the variation ε/ι is frequent.

Althaea officinalis
Althaea officinalis#Translingual


τιθύμαλλος

τῐθῠ́μᾰλλος • (tĭthŭ́măllos) m (genitive τῐθῠμᾰ́λλου); second declension

τῐθῠ́μᾰλλος (canonical)
tĭthŭ́măllos (romanization)
τῐθῠμᾰ́λλου (genitive)
ὁ τῐθῠ́μᾰλλος (nominative singular)
τὼ τῐθῠμᾰ́λλω (dual nominative)
οἱ τῐθῠ́μᾰλλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῐθῠμᾰ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῐθῠμᾰ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῐθῠμᾰ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ τῐθῠμᾰ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῐθῠμᾰ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῐθῠμᾰ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸν τῐθῠ́μᾰλλον (accusative singular)
τὼ τῐθῠμᾰ́λλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῐθῠμᾰ́λλους (accusative plural)
τῐθῠ́μᾰλλε (singular vocative)
τῐθῠμᾰ́λλω (dual vocative)
τῐθῠ́μᾰλλοι (plural vocative)

Latin: tithymalus

Probably a reduplicated formation. As all words in -αλλος are Pre-Greek, the same holds for this one.

petty spurge, milkweed (Euphorbia peplus)


χήρ

χήρ • (khḗr) m (genitive χηρός); third declension

khḗr (romanization)
χηρός (genitive)
ὁ χήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ χῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ χῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ χηρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χηρῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς χηρσῐ́ (dative plural)
χηρσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs khērsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸν χῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς χῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
χήρ (singular vocative)
χῆρε (dual vocative)
χῆρες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”) and identical with Latin ēr (“hedgehog”).


βάρακος

βᾰ́ρᾰκος • (bắrăkos) m (genitive βᾰρᾰ́κου); second declension

βᾰ́ρᾰκος (canonical)
bắrăkos (romanization)
βᾰρᾰ́κου (genitive)
ὁ βᾰ́ρᾰκος (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰρᾰ́κω (dual nominative)
οἱ βᾰ́ρᾰκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰρᾰ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰρᾰ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰρᾰ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸν βᾰ́ρᾰκον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰρᾰ́κω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βᾰρᾰ́κους (accusative plural)
βᾰ́ρᾰκε (singular vocative)
βᾰρᾰ́κω (dual vocative)
βᾰ́ρᾰκοι (plural vocative)

Furnée compares βάλαγρος (bálagros, “kind of barb”) and suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


ῥοδόδενδρον

ῥοδόδενδρον • (rhodódendron) n (genitive ῥοδοδένδρου); second declension

rhodódendron (romanization)
ῥοδοδένδρου (genitive)
τὸ ῥοδόδενδρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥοδοδένδρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥοδόδενδρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥοδοδένδρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥοδοδένδροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥοδοδένδρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥοδοδένδρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥοδοδένδροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥοδοδένδροις (dative plural)
τὸ ῥοδόδενδρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥοδοδένδρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥοδόδενδρᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥοδόδενδρον (singular vocative)
ῥοδοδένδρω (dual vocative)
ῥοδόδενδρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: rhododendron

→ Translingual: Rhododendron

From ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) + δένδρον (déndron, “tree”).

compound

Nerium oleander
Nerium oleander#Translingual


ἐλελίσφακος

head

ἐλελίσφακος • (elelísphakos)

desc

Greek: ἁλισφακιά (halisphakiá), αλιφασκιά (alifaskiá)

أَلِسْفَاقِن

أَلْإِسْفَاقُس

أَلْأَسْفَاقُس

أَلِسْفَاقُس / أَلَسْفَاقُس

→ Arabic: أَلِسْفَاقِن (ʔalisfāqin), أَلْإِسْفَاقُس (ʔalʔisfāqus), أَلْأَسْفَاقُس (ʔalʔasfāqus), أَلِسْفَاقُس / أَلَسْفَاقُس (ʔalisfāqus / ʔalasfāqus), إِسْفَاقُس (ʔisfāqus), أَسْفَاقُس (ʔasfāqus)

→ Middle Armenian: ալիսֆաղին (alisfaġin)

→ Armenian: եղեսպակ (eġespak)

→ Latin: elelisphacos

ἐλελίζω (elelízō) + σφάκος (sphákos)

affix

ἐλελίζω (elelízō) + σφάκος (sphákos)


ἐλύδριον

grc-noun

ἐλῠ́δρῐον • (elŭ́drĭon) n (genitive ἐλῠδρῐ́ου); second declension

ἐλῠ́δρῐον (canonical)
elŭ́drĭon (romanization)
ἐλῠδρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἐλῠ́δρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐλῠδρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐλῠ́δρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐλῠδρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλῠδρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλῠδρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐλῠδρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλῠδρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐλῠδρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐλῠ́δρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐλῠδρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐλῠ́δρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐλῠ́δρῐον (singular vocative)
ἐλῠδρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἐλῠ́δρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown. It has been connected with ἕλος (hélos, “marsh”), but Beekes points out that this has spiritus asper.

Chelidonium majus
Chelidonium majus#Translingual


κέστρα

κέστρᾰ • (késtră) f (genitive κέστρᾱς); first declension

κέστρᾰ (canonical)
késtră (romanization)
κέστρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κέστρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κέστρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κέστραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέστρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέστραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεστρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κέστρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέστραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέστραις (dative plural)
τὴν κέστρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κέστρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέστρᾱς (accusative plural)
κέστρᾰ (singular vocative)
κέστρᾱ (dual vocative)
κέστραι (plural vocative)

From κεντέω (kentéō, “to sting, goad”) + -τρα (-tra).


χαμαιάκτη

grc-noun

χᾰμαιάκτη • (khămaiáktē) f (genitive χᾰμαιάκτης); first declension

χᾰμαιάκτη (canonical)
khămaiáktē (romanization)
χᾰμαιάκτης (genitive)
ἡ χᾰμαιάκτη (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰμαιάκτᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χᾰμαιάκται (nominative plural)
τῆς χᾰμαιάκτης (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰμαιάκταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰμαιακτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χᾰμαιάκτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰμαιάκταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χᾰμαιάκταις (dative plural)
τὴν χᾰμαιάκτην (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰμαιάκτᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰμαιάκτᾱς (accusative plural)
χᾰμαιάκτη (singular vocative)
χᾰμαιάκτᾱ (dual vocative)
χᾰμαιάκται (plural vocative)

From χαμαί (khamaí, “near the ground”) + ἀκτέα (aktéa, “elder”).

compound

Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus#Translingual


σάμψουχον

grc-noun

σᾰ́μψουχον • (sắmpsoukhon) n (genitive σᾰμψούχου); second declension

σᾰ́μψουχον (canonical)
sắmpsoukhon (romanization)
σᾰμψούχου (genitive)
τὸ σᾰ́μψουχον (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰμψούχω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́μψουχᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰμψούχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰμψούχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰμψούχων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰμψούχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰμψούχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰμψούχοις (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́μψουχον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰμψούχω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́μψουχᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́μψουχον (singular vocative)
σᾰμψούχω (dual vocative)
σᾰ́μψουχᾰ (plural vocative)

unk

unknown

Origanum majorana
Origanum majorana#Translingual


καιέτα

head

καιέτα • (kaiéta)

It has been connected with καίω (kaíō, “to burn”), because of its burning taste. According to Beekes, the word is rather Pre-Greek.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: καλαμίνθη (kalamínthē, “catmint”), as they say in Boeotia.


σύμφυτον

grc-noun

σῠ́μφῠτον • (sŭ́mphŭton) n (genitive σῠμφῠ́του); second declension

σῠ́μφῠτον (canonical)
sŭ́mphŭton (romanization)
σῠμφῠ́του (genitive)
τὸ σῠ́μφῠτον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠμφῠ́τω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́μφῠτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠμφῠ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠμφῠ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠμφῠ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠμφῠ́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠμφῠ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠμφῠ́τοις (dative plural)
τὸ σῠ́μφῠτον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠμφῠ́τω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́μφῠτᾰ (accusative plural)
σῠ́μφῠτον (singular vocative)
σῠμφῠ́τω (dual vocative)
σῠ́μφῠτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Symphytum

Neuter form of σύμφυτος (súmphutos, “grown together”).


ἀτράφαξυς

ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς • (atrắphăxŭs) f (genitive ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος); third declension

ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς (canonical)
atrắphăxŭs (romanization)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος (genitive)
ἡ ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξυι (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠσῐ (dative plural)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs atrăphắxŭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs atrăphắxŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῡς (accusative plural)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠ (singular vocative)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε (dual vocative)
ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠες (plural vocative)

Clearly a Pre-Greek word, as is shown by the variation δ/τ and the prenasalization.


μᾶρον

μᾶρον • (mâron) n (genitive μᾱ́ρου); second declension

mâron (romanization)
μᾱ́ρου (genitive)
τὸ μᾶρον (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾱ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μᾶρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾱ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾱ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾱ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾱ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾱ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾱ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ μᾶρον (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾱ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μᾶρᾰ (accusative plural)
μᾶρον (singular vocative)
μᾱ́ρω (dual vocative)
μᾶρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: مَارُون (mārūn)

→ Latin: marum

From Aramaic מַרְוָא / ܡܲܪܘܵܐ (marwā, “Origanum syriacum syn. Origanum maru”), an important ritual herb (☞ explained by Löw), from Middle Persian [script needed] (mlc' /marw/), related to Sanskrit मरुव (maruva, “marjoram”). Also found in Arabic مَرْو (marw, “fragrant herbs; pebbles; quartz”), مَرْدَقُوش (mardaqūš, “marjoram”).

der

Aramaic מַרְוָא

cog

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

Origanum syriacum
Origanum syriacum#Translingual

showy pink oregano (Origanum sipyleum syns. Thymus sipyleus, Sideritis sipylea, Amaracus sipyleus)


χελιδόνιον

grc-noun

χελῑδόνῐον • (khelīdónĭon) n (genitive χελῑδονῐ́ου); second declension

χελῑδόνῐον (canonical)
khelīdónĭon (romanization)
χελῑδονῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ χελῑδόνῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ χελῑδονῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ χελῑδόνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ χελῑδονῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χελῑδονῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χελῑδονῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ χελῑδονῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χελῑδονῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χελῑδονῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ χελῑδόνῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ χελῑδονῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ χελῑδόνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
χελῑδόνῐον (singular vocative)
χελῑδονῐ́ω (dual vocative)
χελῑδόνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: χελιδόνι (chelidóni)

desctree

Pontic Greek: χ̌ελιδόνιν (šelidónin), χ̌ελιδόν' (šelidón'), χ̌ελιδόνι (šelidóni)
Laz: მშირიდონი (mşiridoni), შკელიდონი (şǩelidoni), შილიდონი (şilidoni) — Atina, შკირდონი (şǩirdoni) — Khopa–Batumi

→ Translingual: Chelidonium

From χελιδών (khelidṓn, “swallow”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


θύμαλλος

grc-noun

θῠ́μᾰλλος • (thŭ́măllos) m (genitive θῠμᾰ́λλου); second declension

θῠ́μᾰλλος (canonical)
thŭ́măllos (romanization)
θῠμᾰ́λλου (genitive)
ὁ θῠ́μᾰλλος (nominative singular)
τὼ θῠμᾰ́λλω (dual nominative)
οἱ θῠ́μᾰλλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ θῠμᾰ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θῠμᾰ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θῠμᾰ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ θῠμᾰ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θῠμᾰ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θῠμᾰ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸν θῠ́μᾰλλον (accusative singular)
τὼ θῠμᾰ́λλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς θῠμᾰ́λλους (accusative plural)
θῠ́μᾰλλε (singular vocative)
θῠμᾰ́λλω (dual vocative)
θῠ́μᾰλλοι (plural vocative)

→ Italian: temolo

→ Translingual: Thymallus

The word has been connected with θύμον (thúmon, “thyme”), because of its scent. However, as the suffix -αλλος is Pre-Greek, it is improbable that the basic word was of inner-Greek formation.

unknown kind of fish, perhaps the grayling


ἱππομάραθον

ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον

ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θου

ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον • (hippomắrăthon) n (genitive ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θου); second declension

ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον (canonical)
hippomắrăthon (romanization)
ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θου (genitive)
τὸ ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθᾰ (accusative plural)
ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον (singular vocative)
ἱππομᾰρᾰ́θω (dual vocative)
ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἱππομᾰ́ρᾰθον

From ῐ̔́ππος (hĭ́ppos, “horse”) + μάραθον (márathon, “fennel”).


ὀρνιθόγαλον

grc-noun

ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λου

ὀρνῑθόγᾰλον • (ornīthógălon) n (genitive ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λου); second declension

ὀρνῑθόγᾰλον (canonical)
ornīthógălon (romanization)
ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λου (genitive)
τὸ ὀρνῑθόγᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὀρνῑθόγᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ ὀρνῑθόγᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὀρνῑθόγᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
ὀρνῑθόγᾰλον (singular vocative)
ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ὀρνῑθόγᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὀρνῑθογᾰ́λου

→ Latin: ornithogale

→ French: ornithogale

→ Translingual: Ornithogalum

From ὄρνις (órnis, “bird”) + γάλα (gála, “milk”).


κολοκύνθη

grc-noun

κολοκῠ́νθη • (kolokŭ́nthē) f (genitive κολοκῠ́νθης); first declension

κολοκῠ́νθη (canonical)
kolokŭ́nthē (romanization)
κολοκῠ́νθης (genitive)
ἡ κολοκῠ́νθη (nominative singular)
τὼ κολοκῠ́νθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κολοκῠ́νθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κολοκῠ́νθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κολοκῠ́νθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κολοκῠνθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κολοκῠ́νθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κολοκῠ́νθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κολοκῠ́νθαις (dative plural)
τὴν κολοκῠ́νθην (accusative singular)
τὼ κολοκῠ́νθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κολοκῠ́νθᾱς (accusative plural)
κολοκῠ́νθη (singular vocative)
κολοκῠ́νθᾱ (dual vocative)
κολοκῠ́νθαι (plural vocative)

Greek: κολοκύθα (kolokýtha)

Based on the suffix, frequent in plant names of substrate origin, Beekes takes the word as Pre-Greek. The word has also been compared with Sanskrit कालिन्द (kālinda, “watermelon”) (which is traditionally considered to be named after the Hindu goddess Kali), as well as with Kurdish [Term?] (kalak, “melon”), because an informant in Athenaeus says that it was introduced from India. This does not reveal much more about the word's origins, however.

cog

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual


τρίφυλλον

grc-noun

τρῐ́φῠλλον • (trĭ́phŭllon) n (genitive τρῐφῠ́λλου); second declension

τρῐ́φῠλλον (canonical)
trĭ́phŭllon (romanization)
τρῐφῠ́λλου (genitive)
τὸ τρῐ́φῠλλον (nominative singular)
τὼ τρῐφῠ́λλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τρῐ́φῠλλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρῐφῠ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρῐφῠ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρῐφῠ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρῐφῠ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρῐφῠ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρῐφῠ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸ τρῐ́φῠλλον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρῐφῠ́λλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τρῐ́φῠλλᾰ (accusative plural)
τρῐ́φῠλλον (singular vocative)
τρῐφῠ́λλω (dual vocative)
τρῐ́φῠλλᾰ (plural vocative)

Neutral form of τρῐ́φῠλλος (trĭ́phŭllos, “three-leaved”), from τρία (tría, “three”) with φύλλον (phúllon, “leaf”).


γάλιον

γᾰ́λῐον • (gắlĭon) n (genitive γᾰλῐ́ου); second declension

γᾰ́λῐον (canonical)
gắlĭon (romanization)
γᾰλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ γᾰ́λῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ γᾰλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γᾰλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γᾰλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γᾰλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ γᾰλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γᾰλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γᾰλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ γᾰ́λῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ γᾰλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γᾰ́λῐᾰ (accusative plural)
γᾰ́λῐον (singular vocative)
γᾰλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
γᾰ́λῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Galium

From γάλα (gála, “milk”), because it was used in place of rennet.


δελφίνιον

δελφῐ́νῐον • (delphĭ́nĭon) n (genitive δελφῐνῐ́ου); second declension

δελφῐ́νῐον (canonical)
delphĭ́nĭon (romanization)
δελφῐνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ δελφῐ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ δελφῐνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δελφῐ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δελφῐνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δελφῐνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δελφῐνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ δελφῐνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δελφῐνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δελφῐνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ δελφῐ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ δελφῐνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δελφῐ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
δελφῐ́νῐον (singular vocative)
δελφῐνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
δελφῐ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Delphinium

From δελφῑ́ς (delphī́s, “dolphin”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

Consolida ajacis
Consolida ajacis#Translingual

Delphinium ajacis
Delphinium ajacis#Translingual

rocket larkspur (Consolida ajacis, syn. Delphinium ajacis)


μνάσιον

grc-noun

μνᾰ́σῐον • (mnắsĭon) n (genitive μνᾰ́σῐ́ου); second declension

μνᾰ́σῐον (canonical)
mnắsĭon (romanization)
μνᾰ́σῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ μνᾰ́σῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ μνᾰσῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ μνᾰ́σῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ μνᾰσῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μνᾰσῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μνᾰσῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ μνᾰσῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μνᾰσῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μνᾰσῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ μνᾰ́σῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ μνᾰσῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ μνᾰ́σῐᾰ (accusative plural)
μνᾰ́σῐον (singular vocative)
μνᾰσῐ́ω (dual vocative)
μνᾰ́σῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Cyperus esculentus
Cyperus esculentus#Translingual

earth almond (Cyperus esculentus), nutgrass


ψύλλιον

ψῠ́λλῐον • (psŭ́llĭon) n (genitive ψῠλλῐ́ου); second declension

ψῠ́λλῐον (canonical)
psŭ́llĭon (romanization)
ψῠλλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ψῠ́λλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ψῠλλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ψῠ́λλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψῠλλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψῠλλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψῠλλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ψῠλλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψῠλλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψῠλλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ψῠ́λλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ψῠλλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ψῠ́λλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ψῠ́λλῐον (singular vocative)
ψῠλλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ψῠ́λλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: psyllium

From ψύλλα (psúlla, “flea”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


βατίς

grc-noun

βᾰτῐ́ς • (bătĭ́s) f (genitive βᾰτῐ́δος); third declension

βᾰτῐ́ς (canonical)
bătĭ́s (romanization)
βᾰτῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ βᾰτῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰτῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰτῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰτῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰτῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰτῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
βᾰτῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs bătĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs bătĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰτῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰτῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰτῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
βᾰτῐ́ς (singular vocative)
βᾰτῐ́δε (dual vocative)
βᾰτῐ́δες (plural vocative)

If the word is identical with βότις (bótis, “kind of fish”), the vowel interchange points to a Pre-Greek origin, which is to be expected for a fish name anyhow.

Crithmum maritimum
Crithmum maritimum#Translingual


πύανος

πῠ́ᾰνος • (pŭ́ănos) m (genitive πῠᾰ́νου); second declension

πῠ́ᾰνος (canonical)
pŭ́ănos (romanization)
πῠᾰ́νου (genitive)
ὁ πῠ́ᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ πῠᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ πῠ́ᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῠᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῠᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῠᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῠᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῠᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῠᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν πῠ́ᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ πῠᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πῠᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
πῠ́ᾰνε (singular vocative)
πῠᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
πῠ́ᾰνοι (plural vocative)

Like κύαμος (kúamos, “bean”) from Pre-Greek.


ἀβρότονον

ἀβρότονον • (abrótonon) n (genitive ἀβροτόνου); second declension

abrótonon (romanization)
ἀβροτόνου (genitive)
τὸ ἀβρότονον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀβροτόνω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀβρότονᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀβροτόνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀβροτόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀβροτόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀβροτόνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀβροτόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀβροτόνοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀβρότονον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀβροτόνω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀβρότονᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀβρότονον (singular vocative)
ἀβροτόνω (dual vocative)
ἀβρότονᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

عَبَيْثَرَان

→ Arabic: عَبَيْثَرَان (ʕabayṯarān), عَبْثَرَان (ʕabṯarān), عُبَوْثَرَان (ʕubawṯarān), بُعَيْثَرَان (buʕayṯarān), بَعْثَرَان (baʕṯarān)

desctree

→ Latin: abrotonum
Italo-Romance:
Italian: abrotano
Padanian:
Piedmontese: aureul
Venetan: ambrógano
Northern Gallo-Romance:
Old French: abroigne, abrogne
Middle French: auroine, aurone, auronie, aurosne, auronde
French: aurone
Norman: vrogne
→ Breton: afronenn
→ Middle Dutch: averone, aefrug
Dutch: averoen
Southern Gallo-Romance:
Catalan: broida
Old Occitan: veroina
Occitan: broina
Ibero-Romance:
Galician: abrótea, abriota, abroita, abrota, abrótega, abrótiga
Portuguese: abrótea
Sardinian:
párdamu
Ancient borrowings:
→ Danish: abrod
→ Old English: aprotane
→ Finnish: aaprotti
→ Proto-West Germanic: *abrūtā, *abrotā (see there for further descendants)
→ Norwegian Bokmål: abrodd, abrot
→ Swedish: åbrodd
Learned borrowings:
→ Catalan: abròtan
→ Middle French: abrotone
French: abrotone
→ Norman: abrotone
→ Portuguese: abrótano
→ Spanish: abrótano

Unknown, but probably a loanword. Connected with ἁβρός (habrós, “delicate”) by folk etymology. According to Bailey, from Akkadian 𒄑𒃾𒄈 (amurdinnu, “thorned flower”). Perhaps transmitted by a substrate language.

der

Artemisia abrotanum
Artemisia abrotanum#Translingual


βάλσαμον

grc-noun

βᾰ́λσᾰμον • (bắlsămon) n (genitive βᾰλσᾰμου); second declension

βᾰ́λσᾰμον (canonical)
bắlsămon (romanization)
βᾰλσᾰμου (genitive)
τὸ βᾰ́λσᾰμον (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰλσᾰ́μω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰλσᾰ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰλσᾰ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰλσᾰ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰλσᾰ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰλσᾰ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰλσᾰ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸ βᾰ́λσᾰμον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰλσᾰ́μω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ (accusative plural)
βᾰ́λσᾰμον (singular vocative)
βᾰλσᾰ́μω (dual vocative)
βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: بَيْلَسان (baylasān), بَلَسَان (balasān), بَلْسَم (balsam), بِلْسَام (bilsām), بَشَام (bašām)
→ Amharic: በለሳን (bäläsan)
→ Old Armenian: բալասան (balasan)
→ Middle Armenian: պալասան (palasan)
→ Ge'ez: በለሳን (bäläsan), በልሳን (bälsan), በለሶን (bäläson)
→ Somali: bilsin
→ Tigrinya: በለሳን (bäläsan)

→ Aramaic:

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: בלזמה, בלסנה

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בלסמון

Classical Syriac: ܒܠܣܡܘܢ, ܒܠܣܝܡܘܢ, ܒܐܠܣܡܘܢ

→ Latin: balsamum (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: բաղսամոն (bałsamon)

→ Old Georgian: ბარსაბონი (barsaboni)

Of Semitic origin, borrowed from Hebrew בָּשָׂם (bāśām, “sweet spice, sweet smell”), the consonant sequence in Greek being explained as an attempt of rendering שׂ (ś) sounding back then [ɬ]; the semantic development may later have been attached to Aramaic and Ancient North Arabian.

bor

Arabian balsam tree (Commiphora gileadensis)

balsam, the fragrant oil produced by this tree

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual


σαῦσαξ

grc-noun

σαῦσᾰξ • (saûsăx) m (genitive σαῡ́σᾰκος); third declension

σαῦσᾰξ (canonical)
saûsăx (romanization)
σαῡ́σᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ σαῦσᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σαῡ́σᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ σαῡ́σᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σαῡ́σᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σαῡσᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σαῡσᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ σαῡ́σᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σαῡσᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σαῡ́σᾰξῐ (dative plural)
σαῡ́σᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs saū́săxĭ (dative plural)
toîs saū́săxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν σαῡ́σᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σαῡ́σᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σαῡ́σᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
σαῦσᾰξ (singular vocative)
σαῡ́σᾰκε (dual vocative)
σαῡ́σᾰκες (plural vocative)

Older etymologies involve connections with σαυκρόν (saukrón, “delicate, light”), σαυχμόν (saukhmón, “tender, unsound, weak”) and σαυσαρόν (sausarón, “whispering, slanderous”). Furnée is undoubtedly correct in connecting σώσικες (sṓsikes, “cooked beans”), which shows that the word is Pre-Greek.


νίνον

νῐ́νον • (nĭ́non) n (genitive νῐ́νου); second declension

νῐ́νον (canonical)
nĭ́non (romanization)
νῐ́νου (genitive)
τὸ νῐ́νον (nominative singular)
τὼ νῐ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ νῐ́νᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ νῐ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῐ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῐ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ νῐ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῐ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νῐ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ νῐ́νον (accusative singular)
τὼ νῐ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ νῐ́νᾰ (accusative plural)
νῐ́νον (singular vocative)
νῐ́νω (dual vocative)
νῐ́νᾰ (plural vocative)

another name of the plant ἑλένιον (helénion)


σιδηρῖτις

σῐδηρῑ́τῐδος

σῐδηρῖτῐς • (sĭdērîtĭs) f (genitive σῐδηρῑ́τῐδος); third declension

σῐδηρῖτῐς (canonical)
sĭdērîtĭs (romanization)
σῐδηρῑ́τῐδος (genitive)
ἡ σῐδηρῖτῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐδηρῑ́τῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐδηρῑ́τῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐδηρῑ́τῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐδηρῑτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐδηρῑτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐδηρῑ́τῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐδηρῑτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐδηρῑ́τῐσῐ (dative plural)
σῐδηρῑ́τῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs sĭdērī́tĭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs sĭdērī́tĭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σῐδηρῑ́τῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐδηρῑ́τῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐδηρῑ́τῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
σῐδηρῖτῐς (singular vocative)
σῐδηρῑ́τῐδε (dual vocative)
σῐδηρῑ́τῐδες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σῐδηρῑ́τῐδος

→ Latin: sidērītis

From σίδηρος (sídēros, “iron”) + -ῖτις (-îtis), feminine form of σιδηρίτης (sidērítēs, “made of iron”).


βράθυ

grc-noun

βρᾰ́θῠ • (brắthŭ) n (genitive βρᾰ́θῠος); third declension

βρᾰ́θῠ (canonical)
brắthŭ (romanization)
βρᾰ́θῠος (genitive)
τὸ βρᾰ́θῠ (nominative singular)
τὼ βρᾰ́θῠε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́θῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρᾰ́θῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρᾰθῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρᾰθῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρᾰ́θῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρᾰθῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρᾰ́θῠσῐ (dative plural)
βρᾰ́θῠσῐν (dative plural)
toîs brắthŭsĭ (dative plural)
toîs brắthŭsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ βρᾰ́θῠ (accusative singular)
τὼ βρᾰ́θῠε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́θῠᾰ (accusative plural)
βρᾰ́θῠ (singular vocative)
βρᾰ́θῠε (dual vocative)
βρᾰ́θῠᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

→ Ge'ez: ቡራት (burat), ቡራቴን (buraten), ቡራቴ (burate)

→ Latin: bratus

The formation is similar to ἄσχυ (áskhu), μῶλυ (môlu), μίσυ (mísu) and σῶρυ (sôru). The word has been compared to Akkadian 𒄑𒇷 (burāšum), Aramaic בְּרָתָא (bərāṯā) and Hebrew בְּרוֹשׁ (bərṓš), all meaning "cypress", suggesting a Semitic origin.

cog

Aramaic בְּרָתָא (bərāṯā)

Hebrew בְּרוֹשׁ (bərṓš)

Juniperus sabina
Juniperus sabina#Translingual


χαμαικυπάρισσος

grc-noun

χᾰμαίκῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος

χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσου

χᾰμαίκῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος • (khămaíkŭpắrĭssos) f (genitive χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσου); second declension

χᾰμαίκῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος (canonical)
khămaíkŭpắrĭssos (romanization)
χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσου (genitive)
ἡ χᾰμαικῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσω (dual nominative)
αἱ χᾰμαικῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι (nominative plural)
τῆς χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσων (genitive plural)
τῇ χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσοις (dative plural)
τὴν χᾰμαικῠπᾰ́ρῐσσον (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσους (accusative plural)
χᾰμαικῠπᾰ́ρῐσσε (singular vocative)
χᾰμαικῠπᾰρῐ́σσω (dual vocative)
χᾰμαικῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

χᾰμαίκῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος

From χαμαί (khamaí, “near the ground”) + κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος (kŭpắrĭssos, “cypress”).

compound

cotton lavender (Santolina chamaecyparissus)


τραγοπώγων

grc-noun

τρᾰγοπώγωνος

τρᾰγοπώγων • (trăgopṓgōn) m (genitive τρᾰγοπώγωνος); third declension

τρᾰγοπώγων (canonical)
trăgopṓgōn (romanization)
τρᾰγοπώγωνος (genitive)
ὁ τρᾰγοπώγων (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγοπώγωνε (dual nominative)
οἱ τρᾰγοπώγωνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρᾰγοπώγωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγοπωγώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰγοπωγώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρᾰγοπώγωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγοπωγώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρᾰγοπώγωσῐ (dative plural)
τρᾰγοπώγωσῐν (dative plural)
toîs trăgopṓgōsĭ (dative plural)
toîs trăgopṓgōsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν τρᾰγοπώγωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγοπώγωνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρᾰγοπώγωνᾰς (accusative plural)
τρᾰγοπώγων (singular vocative)
τρᾰγοπώγωνε (dual vocative)
τρᾰγοπώγωνες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

τρᾰγοπώγωνος

→ Translingual: Tragopon

From τράγος (trágos, “goat”) + πώγων (pṓgōn, “beard”).

compound

Tragopogon porrifolius
Tragopogon porrifolius#Translingual


μανδραγόρας

grc-noun

μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱς • (măndrăgórās) m (genitive μᾰνδρᾰγόρου); first declension

μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱς (canonical)
măndrăgórās (romanization)
μᾰνδρᾰγόρου (genitive)
ὁ μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰνδρᾰγόραι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰνδρᾰγόρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰνδρᾰγόραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰνδρᾰγορῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰνδρᾰγόραιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰνδρᾰγόραις (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱς (accusative plural)
μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱ (singular vocative)
μᾰνδρᾰγόρᾱ (dual vocative)
μᾰνδρᾰγόραι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Mandragora

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܢܕܪܓܪܘܢ (mndrgrwn)

→ Latin: mandragorās (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: մանրագոր (manragor)
→ Armenian: մանրագոր (manragor) (learned)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: манъдрагора (manŭdragora)

→ Romanian: mandragoră

desctree

→ Old Georgian: მანდრაგორი (mandragori), მანდრაგური (mandraguri), მარდაგონი (mardagoni)
⇒ Georgian: მანდრაგორა (mandragora)

Unexplained. Maybe from Old Persian *merdum gija (“plant of humans”), but it could be a folk-etymological adaptation of a foreign word.


λεπίδιον

grc-noun

λεπῐ́δῐον • (lepĭ́dĭon) n (genitive λεπῐδῐ́ου); second declension

λεπῐ́δῐον (canonical)
lepĭ́dĭon (romanization)
λεπῐδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λεπῐ́δῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ λεπῐδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λεπῐδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεπῐδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεπῐδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λεπῐδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεπῐδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λεπῐδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λεπῐ́δῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ λεπῐδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λεπῐ́δῐον (singular vocative)
λεπῐδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: lepidium

→ Translingual: Lepidium

From λεπίς (lepís, “scale, flake”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

Lepidium latifolium
Lepidium latifolium#Translingual


κίλλιξ

grc-noun

κῐ́λλῐξ • (kĭ́llĭx) m (genitive κῐ́λλῐκος); third declension

κῐ́λλῐξ (canonical)
kĭ́llĭx (romanization)
κῐ́λλῐκος (genitive)
ὁ κῐ́λλῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐ́λλῐκε (dual nominative)
οἱ κῐ́λλῐκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῐ́λλῐκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐλλῐ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐλλῐ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῐ́λλῐκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐλλῐ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῐ́λλῐξῐ (dative plural)
κῐ́λλῐξῐν (dative plural)
toîs kĭ́llĭxĭ (dative plural)
toîs kĭ́llĭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν κῐ́λλῐκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐ́λλῐκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῐ́λλῐκᾰς (accusative plural)
κῐ́λλῐξ (singular vocative)
κῐ́λλῐκε (dual vocative)
κῐ́λλῐκες (plural vocative)

Furnée connects it with κελλόν (kellón, “twisted, athwart”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin in view of the variation κιλ-/κελ-.


ἀσκληπιάς

ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δος

ἀσκληπῐᾰ́ς • (asklēpĭắs) f (genitive ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δος); third declension

ἀσκληπῐᾰ́ς (canonical)
asklēpĭắs (romanization)
ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἀσκληπῐᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀσκληπῐᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀσκληπῐᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs asklēpĭắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs asklēpĭắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀσκληπῐᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀσκληπῐᾰ́δος

→ Latin: asclepiās

→ Translingual: Asclepias

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܩܠܝܦܝܘܢ, ܐܣܩܠܝܦܝܐܣ

From Ἀσκληπιός (Asklēpiós) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).

suffix

Ἀσκληπιός (Asklēpiós) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs)


σατύριον

grc-noun

σᾰτῠ́ρῐον • (sătŭ́rĭon) n (genitive σᾰτῠρῐ́ου); second declension

σᾰτῠ́ρῐον (canonical)
sătŭ́rĭon (romanization)
σᾰτῠρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σᾰτῠ́ρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰτῠ́ρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰτῠρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰτῠρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰτῠρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰτῠρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰτῠρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰτῠ́ρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰτῠρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰτῠ́ρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰτῠ́ρῐον (singular vocative)
σᾰτῠρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σᾰτῠ́ρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: satyrion

→ Latin: satyrion

→ Spanish: satirión

From σάτυρος (sáturos, “satyre”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


βλέτυες

head

βλέτυες • (blétues)

Analyzed as a derivation from a stem βλε- found also in καβλέει (kabléei, “to gulp down”) and βλεῖ (bleî, “to collect honey, milk”). According to Beekes, since this stem cannot be of Indo-European origin, the word must be Pre-Greek, which is confirmed by the alternative form.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: βδέλλαι (bdéllai, “leeches”).


τραγέλαφος

grc-noun

τρᾰγέλᾰφος • (trăgélăphos) m (genitive τρᾰγελᾰ́φου); second declension

τρᾰγέλᾰφος (canonical)
trăgélăphos (romanization)
τρᾰγελᾰ́φου (genitive)
ὁ τρᾰγέλᾰφος (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ τρᾰγέλᾰφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρᾰγελᾰ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγελᾰ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰγελᾰ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρᾰγελᾰ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγελᾰ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρᾰγελᾰ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν τρᾰγέλᾰφον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρᾰγελᾰ́φους (accusative plural)
τρᾰγέλᾰφε (singular vocative)
τρᾰγελᾰ́φω (dual vocative)
τρᾰγέλᾰφοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: tragelaphus

→ Translingual: Tragelaphus

From τράγος (trágos, “billy goat”) + ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”).

compound

drinking-cup, which had such creature worked in relief


ἕρπυλλος

grc-noun

ἕρπῠλλος • (hérpŭllos) m (genitive ἑρπῠ́λλου); second declension

ἕρπῠλλος (canonical)
hérpŭllos (romanization)
ἑρπῠ́λλου (genitive)
ὁ ἕρπῠλλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἑρπῠ́λλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἕρπῠλλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἑρπῠ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἑρπῠ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἑρπῠ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἑρπῠ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἑρπῠ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἑρπῠ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἕρπῠλλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἑρπῠ́λλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἑρπῠ́λλους (accusative plural)
ἕρπῠλλε (singular vocative)
ἑρπῠ́λλω (dual vocative)
ἕρπῠλλοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: serpyllum

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum#Translingual


ῥυτή

ῥῡτή • (rhūtḗ) f (genitive ῥῡτῆς); first declension

ῥῡτή (canonical)
rhūtḗ (romanization)
ῥῡτῆς (genitive)
ἡ ῥῡτή (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥῡταί (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥῡτῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῡταῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῡτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥῡτῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῡταῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥῡταῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ῥῡτήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥῡτᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ῥῡτή (singular vocative)
ῥῡτᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ῥῡταί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: rūta

The etymology is unexplained. Osthoff connected Latin rūmex (“sorrel”), while Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin. According to Watkins, of "Mediterranean substrate origin."

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual


τηλέφιον

τηλέφῐον • (tēléphĭon) n (genitive τηλεφῐ́ου); second declension

τηλέφῐον (canonical)
tēléphĭon (romanization)
τηλεφῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ τηλέφῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ τηλεφῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τηλέφῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τηλεφῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τηλεφῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τηλεφῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ τηλεφῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τηλεφῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τηλεφῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ τηλέφῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ τηλεφῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τηλέφῐᾰ (accusative plural)
τηλέφῐον (singular vocative)
τηλεφῐ́ω (dual vocative)
τηλέφῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Italian: telefio

→ Translingual: Telephium


σάνταλον

σᾰ́ντᾰλον • (sắntălon) n (genitive σᾰντᾰ́λου); second declension

σᾰ́ντᾰλον (canonical)
sắntălon (romanization)
σᾰντᾰ́λου (genitive)
τὸ σᾰ́ντᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰντᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰντᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰντᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰντᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰντᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰντᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰντᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́ντᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰντᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́ντᾰλον (singular vocative)
σᾰντᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σάνταλο (sántalo)

→ Medieval Latin: sandalum (see there for further descendants)

→ Old East Slavic: сандалъ (sandalŭ)

desc

Russian: санда́л (sandál), санта́л (santál)

From Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal), from Middle Persian [script needed] (cndl /čandal/, “sandalwood”), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana, “sandalwood”).

der

Santalum album
Santalum album#Translingual


ἄκαστος

grc-noun

ἄκαστος • (ákastos) m (genitive ἀκάστου); second declension

ákastos (romanization)
ἀκάστου (genitive)
ὁ ἄκαστος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκάστω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄκαστοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀκάστου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκάστοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκάστων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀκάστῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκάστοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀκάστοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄκαστον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκάστω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀκάστους (accusative plural)
ἄκαστε (singular vocative)
ἀκάστω (dual vocative)
ἄκαστοι (plural vocative)

→ Occitan: agast

Maybe from *ἄκαρστος. Cognate to Latin acer. According to Beekes, since plant names are often borrowed, and the formation is unclear, it can be envisaged a Pre-Greek origin. Furnée compares κάστον (káston, “wood”) and κόστον (kóston, “wooden parts of a wagon”).

Acer monspessulanum
Acer monspessulanum#Translingual


βούφθαλμον

βούφθᾰλμον • (boúphthălmon) n (genitive βουφθᾰ́λμου); second declension

βούφθᾰλμον (canonical)
boúphthălmon (romanization)
βουφθᾰ́λμου (genitive)
τὸ βούφθᾰλμον (nominative singular)
τὼ βουφθᾰ́λμω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βούφθᾰλμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουφθᾰ́λμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουφθᾰ́λμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουφθᾰ́λμων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουφθᾰ́λμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουφθᾰ́λμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουφθᾰ́λμοις (dative plural)
τὸ βούφθᾰλμον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουφθᾰ́λμω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βούφθᾰλμᾰ (accusative plural)
βούφθᾰλμον (singular vocative)
βουφθᾰ́λμω (dual vocative)
βούφθᾰλμᾰ (plural vocative)

Translingual: Buphthalmum

From βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós, “eye”).


οὐραῖος

grc-noun

οὐραῖος • (ouraîos) m (genitive οὐραίου); second declension

ouraîos (romanization)
οὐραίου (genitive)
ὁ οὐραῖος (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐραίω (dual nominative)
οἱ οὐραῖοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ οὐραίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐραίοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐραίων (genitive plural)
τῷ οὐραίῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐραίοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς οὐραίοις (dative plural)
τὸν οὐραῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐραίω (accusative dual)
τοὺς οὐραίους (accusative plural)
οὐραῖε (singular vocative)
οὐραίω (dual vocative)
οὐραῖοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ūraeus

Traditionally assumed to be from Egyptian jꜥrt (“cobra in threat posture”), i-a:r:*t-I12, from jꜥr (“to rise, climb”); however, on phonetic grounds, Gundacker, following Fecht, argues for an origin in Egyptian wrrt (“White Crown, uraeus”, literally “the great one”) instead.

der

*οὐβαῖος

*oubaîos; The accusative form οὐβαῖον appears as a hapax legomenon in some copies of Horapollo's Hieroglyphica. Appears to be typographical error, but cf. Coptic ⲟⲃⲓⲟⲛ (obion).


ἀμπελόπρασον

grc-noun

ἀμπελόπρᾰσον

ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σου

ἀμπελόπρᾰσον • (ampelóprăson) n (genitive ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σου); second declension

ἀμπελόπρᾰσον (canonical)
ampelóprăson (romanization)
ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σου (genitive)
τὸ ἀμπελόπρᾰσον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀμπελόπρᾰσᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀμπελόπρᾰσον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀμπελόπρᾰσᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀμπελόπρᾰσον (singular vocative)
ἀμπελοπρᾰ́σω (dual vocative)
ἀμπελόπρᾰσᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀμπελόπρᾰσον

→ Latin: ampeloprasum

From ἄμπελος (ámpelos, “vine”) + πράσον (práson, “leek”).

compound

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual


κύχραμος

grc-noun

κῠ́χρᾰμος • (kŭ́khrămos) m (genitive κῠχρᾰ́μου); second declension

κῠ́χρᾰμος (canonical)
kŭ́khrămos (romanization)
κῠχρᾰ́μου (genitive)
ὁ κῠ́χρᾰμος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠχρᾰ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠ́χρᾰμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠχρᾰ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠχρᾰ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠχρᾰ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠχρᾰ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠχρᾰ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠχρᾰ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠ́χρᾰμον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠχρᾰ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠχρᾰ́μους (accusative plural)
κῠ́χρᾰμε (singular vocative)
κῠχρᾰ́μω (dual vocative)
κῠ́χρᾰμοι (plural vocative)

Clearly a Pre-Greek word, in view of the variants.

Rallus aquaticus
Rallus aquaticus#Translingual

unknown migratory bird, perhaps:
water rail (Rallus aquaticus)


θωός

θωός • (thōós) m (genitive θωοῦ); second declension

thōós (romanization)
θωοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θωός (nominative singular)
τὼ θωώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θωοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θωοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν θωοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θωῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θωῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν θωοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θωοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θωόν (accusative singular)
τὼ θωώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θωούς (accusative plural)
θωέ (singular vocative)
θωώ (dual vocative)
θωοί (plural vocative)


στρούθιον

στρούθῐον • (stroúthĭon) n (genitive στρουθῐ́ου); second declension

στρούθῐον (canonical)
stroúthĭon (romanization)
στρουθῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ στρούθῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ στρουθῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στρούθῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρουθῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρουθῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρουθῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ στρουθῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρουθῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρουθῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ στρούθῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ στρουθῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στρούθῐᾰ (accusative plural)
στρούθῐον (singular vocative)
στρουθῐ́ω (dual vocative)
στρούθῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From στρουθός (strouthós, “sparrow”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

Saponaria officinalis
Saponaria officinalis#Translingual


κορωνόπους

grc-noun

κορωνόπους • (korōnópous) m (genitive κορωνόποδος); third declension

korōnópous (romanization)
κορωνόποδος (genitive)
ὁ κορωνόπους (nominative singular)
τὼ κορωνόποδε (dual nominative)
οἱ κορωνόποδες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κορωνόποδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορωνοπόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορωνοπόδων (genitive plural)
τῷ κορωνόποδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορωνοπόδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κορωνόποσῐ (dative plural)
κορωνόποσῐν (dative plural)
toîs korōnóposĭ (dative plural)
toîs korōnóposĭn (dative plural)
τὸν κορωνόποδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κορωνόποδε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κορωνόποδᾰς (accusative plural)
κορωνόπους (singular vocative)
κορωνόποδε (dual vocative)
κορωνόποδες (plural vocative)

From κορωνός (korōnós, “curved, crooked”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).

af

buck's horn plantain
buck's horn plantain

buck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus)


ὄλυνθος

grc-noun

ὄλῠνθος • (ólŭnthos) m (genitive ὀλῠ́νθου); second declension

ὄλῠνθος (canonical)
ólŭnthos (romanization)
ὀλῠ́νθου (genitive)
ὁ ὄλῠνθος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀλῠ́νθω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄλῠνθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀλῠ́νθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀλῠ́νθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀλῠ́νθων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀλῠ́νθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀλῠ́νθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀλῠ́νθοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄλῠνθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀλῠ́νθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀλῠ́νθους (accusative plural)
ὄλῠνθε (singular vocative)
ὀλῠ́νθω (dual vocative)
ὄλῠνθοι (plural vocative)

A technical Pre-Greek word, with suffix in -νθ-.


μολύβδαινα

μολῠ́βδαίνης

μολῠ́βδαινᾰ • (molŭ́bdaină) f (genitive μολῠ́βδαίνης); first declension

μολῠ́βδαινᾰ (canonical)
molŭ́bdaină (romanization)
μολῠ́βδαίνης (genitive)
ἡ μολῠ́βδαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ μολῠβδαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μολῠ́βδαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς μολῠβδαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μολῠβδαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μολῠβδαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μολῠβδαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μολῠβδαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μολῠβδαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν μολῠ́βδαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ μολῠβδαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μολῠβδαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
μολῠ́βδαινᾰ (singular vocative)
μολῠβδαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
μολῠ́βδαιναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: molybdaena ⇒ molybdenum

From μόλυβδος (mólubdos, “lead”) + -αινᾰ (-aină).


ἀρνόγλωσσον

grc-noun

ἀρνόγλωσσον • (arnóglōsson) n (genitive ἀρνογλώσσου); second declension

arnóglōsson (romanization)
ἀρνογλώσσου (genitive)
τὸ ἀρνόγλωσσον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρνογλώσσω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀρνόγλωσσᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρνογλώσσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρνογλώσσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρνογλώσσων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρνογλώσσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρνογλώσσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρνογλώσσοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀρνόγλωσσον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρνογλώσσω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀρνόγλωσσᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀρνόγλωσσον (singular vocative)
ἀρνογλώσσω (dual vocative)
ἀρνόγλωσσᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἀρήν (arḗn, “lamb”) + γλῶσσα (glôssa, “tongue”).

compound

Plantago major
Plantago major#Translingual


λευκάκανθα

grc-noun

λευκᾰκᾰ́νθης

λευκᾰ́κᾰνθᾰ • (leukắkănthă) f (genitive λευκᾰκᾰ́νθης); first declension

λευκᾰ́κᾰνθᾰ (canonical)
leukắkănthă (romanization)
λευκᾰκᾰ́νθης (genitive)
ἡ λευκᾰ́κᾰνθᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ λευκᾰκᾰ́νθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λευκᾰ́κᾰνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λευκᾰκᾰ́νθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λευκᾰκᾰ́νθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λευκᾰκᾰνθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λευκᾰκᾰ́νθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λευκᾰκᾰ́νθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λευκᾰκᾰ́νθαις (dative plural)
τὴν λευκᾰ́κᾰνθᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ λευκᾰκᾰ́νθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λευκᾰκᾰ́νθᾱς (accusative plural)
λευκᾰ́κᾰνθᾰ (singular vocative)
λευκᾰκᾰ́νθᾱ (dual vocative)
λευκᾰ́κᾰνθαι (plural vocative)

From λευκός (leukós, “goat”) + ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”).


νέπετος

grc-noun

νέπετος • (népetos) m (genitive νεπέτου); second declension

népetos (romanization)
νεπέτου (genitive)
ὁ νέπετος (nominative singular)
τὼ νεπέτω (dual nominative)
οἱ νέπετοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ νεπέτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νεπέτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νεπέτων (genitive plural)
τῷ νεπέτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νεπέτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νεπέτοις (dative plural)
τὸν νέπετον (accusative singular)
τὼ νεπέτω (accusative dual)
τοὺς νεπέτους (accusative plural)
νέπετε (singular vocative)
νεπέτω (dual vocative)
νέπετοι (plural vocative)

According to André, νέπιτα (népita) was taken from Latin nepeta (“catmint”). Furnée considers the origin of the Latin word to be Ancient Greek *νεπετα (*nepeta). Altogether, these variants point to Pre-Greek origin. Note the Pre-Greek suffix *-ετ- (*-et-), *-ιτ- (*-it-) and the vowel alternation.

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual


ἤνυστρον

ἤνῠστρον • (ḗnŭstron) n (genitive ἠνῠ́στρου); second declension

ἤνῠστρον (canonical)
ḗnŭstron (romanization)
ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἠνῠ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἠνῠ́στρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἠνῠ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἤνῠστρον (singular vocative)
ἠνῠ́στρω (dual vocative)
ἤνῠστρᾰ (plural vocative)

The formation with ἔν- perhaps arose under the influence of ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) and ἐγκοίλιος (enkoílios, “entrails”), but it is late in any case. Assuming *ϝήνυστρον (*wḗnustron), this word is traditionally connected with Icelandic vinstur (“abomasum”), but it differs regarding the quantity of the first syllable and the color of the intermediate vowel. As a pre-form, *wend-tri- has been assumed, comparing German Wanst (“belly”), Latin venter (“belly”) and Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”). However, a digamma is uncertain, and the connection with these words seems most improbable, as the forms are not well comparable. According to Beekes, the ending in -στρον is Pre-Greek.


καρώ

κᾰρώ • (kărṓ) f (genitive κᾰροῦς); third declension

κᾰρώ (canonical)
kărṓ (romanization)
κᾰροῦς (genitive)
ἡ κᾰρώ (nominative singular)
τῆς κᾰροῦς (genitive singular)
τῇ κᾰροῖ (dative singular)
τὴν κᾰρώ (accusative singular)
κᾰροῖ (singular vocative)

→ Aramaic:

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: כרבייא

desc

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: כַרְוָיָא (karwāyā)

Classical Syriac: ܟܲܪܘܵܝܵܐ (karwāyā), ܟܵܪܘܵܝܵܐ (kārwāyā), ܟܲܪܲܘܵܝܵܐ (karawāyā), ܟܵܪܲܘܵܝܵܐ (kārawāyā)

Frisk derives it from κάρη (kárē, “head”); however, the form in -ώ seems Pre-Greek.


τεγγύρος

head

τεγγύρος • (tengúros)

Hesychius' gives the definition as: kind of bird.


κυνόσβατος

grc-noun

κῠνόσβᾰτος • (kŭnósbătos) f (genitive κῠνοσβᾰ́του); second declension

κῠνόσβᾰτος (canonical)
kŭnósbătos (romanization)
κῠνοσβᾰ́του (genitive)
ἡ κῠνόσβᾰτος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠνοσβᾰ́τω (dual nominative)
αἱ κῠνόσβᾰτοι (nominative plural)
τῆς κῠνοσβᾰ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠνοσβᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠνοσβᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῇ κῠνοσβᾰ́τῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠνοσβᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῠνοσβᾰ́τοις (dative plural)
τὴν κῠνόσβᾰτον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠνοσβᾰ́τω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῠνοσβᾰ́τους (accusative plural)
κῠνόσβᾰτε (singular vocative)
κῠνοσβᾰ́τω (dual vocative)
κῠνόσβᾰτοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cynosbatos

From κύων (kúōn, “dog”) + βάτος (bátos, “blackberry”).


σφύραινα

grc-noun

σφῡ́ραινᾰ • (sphū́raină) f (genitive σφῡραίνης); first declension

σφῡ́ραινᾰ (canonical)
sphū́raină (romanization)
σφῡραίνης (genitive)
ἡ σφῡ́ραινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σφῡ́ραιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς σφῡραίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφῡραίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφῡραινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σφῡραίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφῡραίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφῡραίναις (dative plural)
τὴν σφῡ́ραινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σφῡραίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφῡραίνᾱς (accusative plural)
σφῡ́ραινᾰ (singular vocative)
σφῡραίνᾱ (dual vocative)
σφῡ́ραιναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sphyraena

→ Translingual: Sphyraena

From σφῦρα (sphûra, “hammer, mallet”) + -αινᾰ (-aină).

af

[A]: ἡ σφύραινα δ' ἐστὶ τίς;
[B]: κέστραν μὲν ὕμμες ὡττικοὶ κικλήσκετε
[A]: hē sphúraina d' estì tís?
[B]: késtran mèn húmmes hōttikoì kiklḗskete
[A]: a "sphúraina", what is that?
[B]: "Késtra" is what you, Attic-speakers, call it.


λεβηρίς

grc-noun

λεβηρῐ́ς • (lebērĭ́s) f (genitive λεβηρῐ́δος); third declension

λεβηρῐ́ς (canonical)
lebērĭ́s (romanization)
λεβηρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ λεβηρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ λεβηρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ λεβηρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς λεβηρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεβηρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεβηρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ λεβηρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεβηρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λεβηρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
λεβηρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs lebērĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs lebērĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν λεβηρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ λεβηρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λεβηρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
λεβηρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
λεβηρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
λεβηρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Of Iberian origin, like Latin lepus (“hare”) and laurex (“young rabbit”).

Oryctolagus cuniculus
Oryctolagus cuniculus#Translingual


βούπλευρος

βούπλευρος • (boúpleuros) f (genitive βουπλεύρου); second declension

boúpleuros (romanization)
βουπλεύρου (genitive)
ἡ βούπλευρος (nominative singular)
τὼ βουπλεύρω (dual nominative)
αἱ βούπλευροι (nominative plural)
τῆς βουπλεύρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουπλεύροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουπλεύρων (genitive plural)
τῇ βουπλεύρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουπλεύροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βουπλεύροις (dative plural)
τὴν βούπλευρον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουπλεύρω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βουπλεύρους (accusative plural)
βούπλευρε (singular vocative)
βουπλεύρω (dual vocative)
βούπλευροι (plural vocative)

From βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + πλευρά (pleurá, “rib, side”).


ἐλαφόβοσκον

grc-noun

ἐλᾰφόβοσκον • (elăphóboskon) n (genitive ἐλᾰφοβόσκου); second declension

ἐλᾰφόβοσκον (canonical)
elăphóboskon (romanization)
ἐλᾰφοβόσκου (genitive)
τὸ ἐλᾰφόβοσκον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐλᾰφοβόσκω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐλᾰφόβοσκᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐλᾰφοβόσκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλᾰφοβόσκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλᾰφοβόσκων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐλᾰφοβόσκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλᾰφοβόσκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐλᾰφοβόσκοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐλᾰφόβοσκον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐλᾰφοβόσκω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐλᾰφόβοσκᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐλᾰφόβοσκον (singular vocative)
ἐλᾰφοβόσκω (dual vocative)
ἐλᾰφόβοσκᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”) + βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “to eat”).

compound

Pastinaca sativa
Pastinaca sativa#Translingual


μαίνη

grc-noun

μαίνη • (maínē) f (genitive μαίνης); first declension

maínē (romanization)
μαίνης (genitive)
ἡ μαίνη (nominative singular)
τὼ μαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ μαῖναι (nominative plural)
τῆς μαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ μαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν μαίνην (accusative singular)
τὼ μαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
μαίνη (singular vocative)
μαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
μαῖναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: maena

No etymology. The connection with Russian мен (men, “burbot”), Lithuanian ménkė (“haddock”) and Sanskrit मीन (mīna, “Pisces; sprat”) is extremely doubtful. Strömberg hesitatingly attempts to connect it with μαίνομαι (maínomai, “to rage”), by interpreting it as the "wild raging fish".

unk

No etymology


σκολοπένδριον

grc-noun

σκολοπένδρῐον

σκολοπενδρῐ́ου

σκολοπένδρῐον • (skolopéndrĭon) n (genitive σκολοπενδρῐ́ου); second declension

σκολοπένδρῐον (canonical)
skolopéndrĭon (romanization)
σκολοπενδρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σκολοπένδρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σκολοπενδρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκολοπένδρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκολοπενδρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκολοπενδρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκολοπενδρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκολοπενδρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκολοπενδρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκολοπενδρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σκολοπένδρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκολοπενδρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκολοπένδρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σκολοπένδρῐον (singular vocative)
σκολοπενδρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σκολοπένδρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σκολοπένδρῐον

From σκολόπενδρα (skolópendra, “scolopendra”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

Asplenium scolopendrium
Asplenium scolopendrium#Translingual


ὤρυγγες

grc-noun

ὤρῠγγες • (ṓrŭnges) m pl (genitive ὠρῠ́γγων); third declension

ὤρῠγγες (canonical)
ṓrŭnges (romanization)
ὠρῠ́γγων (genitive)
οἱ ὤρῠγγες (nominative plural)
τῶν ὠρῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τοῖς ὤρῠγξῐ (dative plural)
ὤρῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs ṓrŭnxĭ (dative plural)
toîs ṓrŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τοὺς ὤρῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὤρῠγγες (plural vocative)

Furnée compares ὄρυξ (órux, “gazelle”). The prenasalized suffix -υγγ- seemes to point to a Pre-Greek word.

striped or piebald horses, including zebras


τεύκριον

τεύκρῐον • (teúkrĭon) n (genitive τευκρῐ́ου); second declension

τεύκρῐον (canonical)
teúkrĭon (romanization)
τευκρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ τεύκρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ τευκρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ τεύκρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ τευκρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τευκρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τευκρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ τευκρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τευκρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τευκρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ τεύκρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ τευκρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ τεύκρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
τεύκρῐον (singular vocative)
τευκρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
τεύκρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Teucrium

Maybe from an original color term, found also in τευθίς (teuthís, “squid”) and τεύθριον (teúthrion, “felty germander”) or from Pre-Greek.