ἵππος

grc-noun

ῐ̔́ππος • (hĭ́ppos) m or f (genitive ῐ̔́ππου); second declension

ῐ̔́ππος (canonical)
hĭ́ppos (romanization)
ῐ̔́ππου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ῐ̔́ππος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔́ππω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ῐ̔́πποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ῐ̔́ππου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔́πποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̔́ππων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ῐ̔́ππῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̔́πποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ῐ̔́πποις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ῐ̔́ππον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̔́ππω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ῐ̔́ππους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔́ππε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔́πποι (plural vocative)
ῐ̔́ππος (nominative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual nominative)
ῐ̔́πποι (nominative plural)
ῐ̔́ππου (genitive singular)
ῐ̔πποῖο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποιο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔ππόο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποιῐν (dual genitive)
ῐ̔́ππων (genitive plural)
ῐ̔́ππῳ (dative singular)
ῐ̔́πποιῐν (dative dual)
ῐ̔́πποισῐ (dative plural)
ῐ̔́πποισῐν (dative plural)
ῐ̔́πποις (dative plural)
hĭ́ppoisĭ (dative plural)
hĭ́ppoisĭn (dative plural)
hĭ́ppois (dative plural)
ῐ̔́ππον (accusative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (accusative dual)
ῐ̔́ππους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔́ππε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔́πποι (plural vocative)

Greek: ίππος (íppos)

→ English: hippo-

→ French: hippo-

→ Italian: ippo-

→ Portuguese: hipo-

→ Spanish: hipo-

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
From Proto-Hellenic *íkkʷos (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀦 (i-qo)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos, from *h₁oh₁ḱu- (“swift”). Unexplained is ι for ε, the word initial heavy breathing (h) and the double π (hίππος instead of expected **έπος), possibly borrowed from another Indo-European language where such a sound change is regular. Cognates include Sanskrit अश्व (áśva), Latin equus, Lithuanian ašva, Gaulish epos, Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”), Old English eoh, and Old Irish ech.

ἴκκος

mentioned only in the Byzantine Etymologicum Magnum


μαστός

μᾰστός • (măstós) m (genitive μᾰστοῦ); second declension

μᾰστός (canonical)
măstós (romanization)
μᾰστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ μᾰστός (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰστώ (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰστοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰστοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰστῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰστοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰστοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰστόν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰστώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰστούς (accusative plural)
μᾰστέ (singular vocative)
μᾰστώ (dual vocative)
μᾰστοί (plural vocative)

→ English: mastos

Perhaps related to μαδάω (madáō, “to be moist”). If so, then from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“wet, glossy, fat, well-fed”).

der

(anatomy) (especially of women) The human breast.

(zootomy, rarely) (of animals) An udder.

(especially of women) The human breast.
(of animals) An udder.


οὖς

grc-noun

οὖς • (oûs) n (genitive ὠτός); third declension

oûs (romanization)
ὠτός (genitive)
τὸ οὖς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὦτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὠτός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὤτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὤτων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὠτῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὤτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὠσῐ́ (dative plural)
ὠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs ōsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸ οὖς (accusative singular)
τὼ ὦτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
ὦτε (dual vocative)
ὦτᾰ (plural vocative)
οὖς (nominative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
οὔᾰτος (genitive singular)
οὐάτων (genitive plural)
οὔᾰτῐ (dative singular)
οὔᾰσῐ (dative plural)
οὔᾰσῐν (dative plural)
ὠσί (dative plural)
ὠσίν (dative plural)
oúăsĭ (dative plural)
oúăsĭn (dative plural)
ōsí (dative plural)
ōsín (dative plural)
οὖς (accusative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
οὔᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

οὔᾰσῐ(ν), ὠσί(ν)

Koine Greek: ὠτίον (ōtíon), ὠτία (ōtía)

Byzantine Greek: ἀφτίον (aphtíon), ἀφτία (aphtía)

Greek: αφτί (aftí), αυτί (aftí)

Mariupol Greek: фты (fty)

→ English: oto-, ot-

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”). Cognate with Old English ēare (English ear), Latin auris, Old Armenian ունկն (unkn), Old Church Slavonic оухо (uxo), and Old Irish áu.


ἀλέκτωρ

grc-noun

ᾰ̓λέκτωρ • (ăléktōr) m (genitive ᾰ̓λέκτορος); third declension

ᾰ̓λέκτωρ (canonical)
ăléktōr (romanization)
ᾰ̓λέκτορος (genitive)
ὁ ᾰ̓λέκτωρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual nominative)
οἱ ᾰ̓λέκτορες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓λέκτορος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓λεκτόρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓λέκτορῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ăléktorsĭ (dative plural)
toîs ăléktorsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓λέκτορε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορες (plural vocative)

Coptic: ⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲱⲣ (alektōr)

From ᾰ̓λέξω (ăléxō, “I ward off”) + -τωρ (-tōr, “-er”).

suffix

Κόμπασον θαρσῶν, ἀλέκτωρ ὥστε θηλείας πέλας.

Brag in your bravery like a cock beside his hen.

Kómpason tharsôn, aléktōr hṓste thēleías pélas.


ἀλέκτωρ

ᾰ̓λέκτωρ (canonical)
ăléktōr (romanization)
ᾰ̓λέκτορος (genitive)

From ᾰ̓ (ă, “together”) + λέχομαι (lékhomai, “I lie”) + -τωρ (-tōr, “-er”).

af

Tz., ad Lyc. 1094


ἀλέκτωρ

ᾰ̓λέκτωρ (canonical)
ăléktōr (romanization)
ᾰ̓́λεκτορ (neuter)
ᾰ̓λέκτωρ (feminine masculine nominative singular)
ᾰ̓́λεκτορ (neuter nominative singular)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual feminine masculine nominative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual neuter nominative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορες (feminine masculine nominative plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορος (feminine genitive masculine singular)
ᾰ̓λέκτορος (genitive neuter singular)
ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dual genitive neuter)
ᾰ̓λεκτόρων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
ᾰ̓λεκτόρων (genitive neuter plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορῐ (dative feminine masculine singular)
ᾰ̓λέκτορῐ (dative neuter singular)
ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
ᾰ̓λεκτόροιν (dative dual neuter)
ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐ (dative feminine masculine plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐν (dative feminine masculine plural)
ăléktorsĭ (dative feminine masculine plural)
ăléktorsĭn (dative feminine masculine plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐ (dative neuter plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορσῐν (dative neuter plural)
ăléktorsĭ (dative neuter plural)
ăléktorsĭn (dative neuter plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰ (accusative feminine masculine singular)
ᾰ̓́λεκτορ (accusative neuter singular)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (accusative dual feminine masculine)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (accusative dual neuter)
ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰς (accusative feminine masculine plural)
ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
ᾰ̓́λεκτορ (feminine masculine singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́λεκτορ (neuter singular vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual feminine masculine vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορε (dual neuter vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορες (feminine masculine plural vocative)
ᾰ̓λέκτορᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
ᾰ̓λεκτόρως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)

From ᾰ̓- (ă-, “not”) + λέχομαι (lékhomai, “I lay”) + -τωρ (-tōr, “-er”).

affix

ἔφη ’γενέθλιός ἐστι τῆς ἀλέκτορος Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ ἄδικος ἡ τῆτες ἡμέρα.'

250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 3.53

He said, "This is the birthday of the unwedded goddess Minerva, and this day is unjust."

éphē ’genéthliós esti tês aléktoros Athēnâs kaì ádikos hē têtes hēméra.’


πτερόν

grc-noun

πτερόν • (pterón) n (genitive πτεροῦ); second declension

pterón (romanization)
πτεροῦ (genitive)
τὸ πτερόν (nominative singular)
τὼ πτερώ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτερᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτεροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτεροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πτερῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτεροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτεροῖς (dative plural)
τὸ πτερόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πτερώ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτερᾰ́ (accusative plural)
πτερόν (singular vocative)
πτερώ (dual vocative)
πτερᾰ́ (plural vocative)

Greek: φτερό (fteró)

→ English: ptero-

French: hélicoptère

From Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather”). Related to πέτομαι (pétomai, “I fly”), as well as to English feather.


αἴγαγρος

αἴγᾰγρος • (aígăgros) m or f (genitive αἰγᾰ́γρου); second declension

αἴγᾰγρος (canonical)
aígăgros (romanization)
αἰγᾰ́γρου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ αἴγᾰγρος (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγᾰ́γρω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ αἴγᾰγροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς αἰγᾰ́γρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγᾰ́γροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγᾰ́γρων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ αἰγᾰ́γρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγᾰ́γροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς αἰγᾰ́γροις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν αἴγᾰγρον (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγᾰ́γρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς αἰγᾰ́γρους (accusative plural)
αἴγᾰγρε (singular vocative)
αἰγᾰ́γρω (dual vocative)
αἴγᾰγροι (plural vocative)

From αἴξ (aíx, “goat”) and ᾰ̓γρός (ăgrós, “land”) (compare with ἄγριος (ágrios, “wild”)).


τράγος

τρᾰ́γος • (trắgos) m (genitive τρᾰ́γου); second declension

τρᾰ́γος (canonical)
trắgos (romanization)
τρᾰ́γου (genitive)
ὁ τρᾰ́γος (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰ́γω (dual nominative)
οἱ τρᾰ́γοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρᾰ́γου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρᾰ́γῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρᾰ́γοις (dative plural)
τὸν τρᾰ́γον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰ́γω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρᾰ́γους (accusative plural)
τρᾰ́γε (singular vocative)
τρᾰ́γω (dual vocative)
τρᾰ́γοι (plural vocative)

Tsakonian: τσ̌άο (tšáo)

→ Latin: tragus

→ English: tragus

From τρᾰ́γω (trắgō, “to gnaw, nibble”) + -ος (-os, “nominal suffix”), literally “gnawer, eater (of sweets)”.

af

age when change of voice and other signs of puberty appears

voice change that takes place in puberty

Τὴν αἶγα ὁ τράγος ἀγαπᾷ.


αἴξ

grc-noun

αἴξ • (aíx) m or f (genitive αἰγός); third declension

aíx (romanization)
αἰγός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ αἴξ (nominative singular)
τὼ αἶγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ αἶγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς αἰγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ αἰγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς αἰξῐ́ (dative plural)
αἰξῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs aixĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν αἶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ αἶγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς αἶγᾰς (accusative plural)
αἴξ (singular vocative)
αἶγε (dual vocative)
αἶγες (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: αίγα (aíga), γίδι (gídi) (from diminutive)

→ Greek: αιξ f (aix) (Katharevousa)

→ Translingual: Aix

From Proto-Hellenic *aíks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”). Cognates include Old Armenian այծ (ayc), Sanskrit एड (eḍa), and Albanian dhi.


κάπρος

grc-noun

κᾰ́προς • (kắpros) m (genitive κᾰ́πρου); second declension

κᾰ́προς (canonical)
kắpros (romanization)
κᾰ́πρου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰ́προς (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́πρω (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰ́προι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰ́πρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́προιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰ́πρων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰ́πρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́προιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰ́προις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰ́προν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́πρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰ́πρους (accusative plural)
κᾰ́πρε (singular vocative)
κᾰ́πρω (dual vocative)
κᾰ́προι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Capros

From Proto-Hellenic *kápros, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱapros (“male hooved animal”), possibly from *ḱapr̥ (“penis”). Cognate with Latin caper (“goat”), Old Irish gabor (“goat”).


πτέρυξ

grc-noun

πτέρῠξ • (ptérŭx) f (genitive πτέρῠγος); third declension

πτέρῠξ (canonical)
ptérŭx (romanization)
πτέρῠγος (genitive)
ἡ πτέρῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πτέρῠγε (dual nominative)
αἱ πτέρῠγες (nominative plural)
τῆς πτέρῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτερῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ πτέρῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτερῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πτέρῠξῐ (dative plural)
πτέρῠξῐν (dative plural)
taîs ptérŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs ptérŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πτέρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πτέρῠγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πτέρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
πτέρῠξ (singular vocative)
πτέρῠγε (dual vocative)
πτέρῠγες (plural vocative)

Greek: πτέρυγα (ptéryga)

English: pterygo-, pteryg-

Connected with πτερόν (pterón, “feather”), but with an unexplained suffix.

anything like a wing:
(zootomy, in the plural) fins, flippers

broad edge of a sword or axe; (zootomy) beak of a swordfish


νύμφη

νῠ́μφη • (nŭ́mphē) f (genitive νῠ́μφης); first declension

νῠ́μφη (canonical)
nŭ́mphē (romanization)
νῠ́μφης (genitive)
ἡ νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
τὴν νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)
νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphain (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphaiĭn (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphēiĭn (dual genitive)
νῠμφᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφέ͜ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dative dual)
nŭ́mphain (dative dual)
nŭ́mphaiĭn (dative dual)
nŭ́mphēiĭn (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃσῐ (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃσῐν (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃς (dative plural)
νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēisĭ (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēisĭn (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēis (dative plural)
nŭ́mphais (dative plural)
νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾰ (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

νῠ́μφη, νῠ́μφᾰ

desc

Greek: νύμφη (nýmfi, “nymph; bride”), νύφη (nýfi, “bride; in-law”)

Mariupol Greek: нимф (nimf, “fairy”), ныф (nyf, “bride; in-law”)

→ Latin: lympha, nympha (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: ни́мфа (nímfa)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), and compared with Latin nūbō (“to marry”) (whence English nubile). However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, as the preceding theory does not explain the origin of the inner nasal -μ- (-m-); others including Kretschmer have also argued for substrate origin, comparing the proper name Νυμφασία (Numphasía).

der

(anatomy) hollow between the lower lip and the chin

(zootomy) depression on the shoulder of a horse


ὗς

grc-noun

ὗς • (hûs) m or f (genitive ὑός); third declension

hûs (romanization)
ὑός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ὗς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὕε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ὕες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ὑός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ὑΐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ὑσί (dative plural)
ὑσίν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs husí (dative plural)
taîs husín (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ὗν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὕε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ὗς (accusative plural)
ὗ (singular vocative)
ὕε (dual vocative)
ὕες (plural vocative)
ὗς (nominative singular)
ὕε (dual nominative)
ὕες (nominative plural)
ὑός (genitive singular)
ὑοῖν (dual genitive)
ὑῶν (genitive plural)
ὑΐ (dative singular)
ὑοῖν (dative dual)
ὑσί (dative plural)
ὑσίν (dative plural)
ῠ̔́εσσι (dative plural)
husí (dative plural)
husín (dative plural)
hŭ́essi (dative plural)
ὗν (accusative singular)
ὕε (accusative dual)
ὗς (accusative plural)
ὗ (singular vocative)
ὕε (dual vocative)
ὕες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὑσί(ν), ῠ̔́εσσι

Inherited from Proto-Hellenic *hūs, from Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“swine”). Compare Latin sūs, English swine, sow.


σῦς

grc-noun

σῦς • (sûs) m or f (genitive σῠός); third declension

sûs (romanization)
σῠός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ σῦς (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ σῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς σῠός (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ σῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς σῡσῐ́ (dative plural)
σῡσῐ́ν (dative plural)
σῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
σῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs sūsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
sŭsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν σῦν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς σῦς (accusative plural)
σῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
σῦ (singular vocative)
σῠ́ε (dual vocative)
σῠ́ες (plural vocative)
σῦς (nominative singular)
σῠ́ε (dual nominative)
σῠ́ες (nominative plural)
σῠός (genitive singular)
σῠ́οιῐν (dual genitive)
σῠῶν (genitive plural)
σῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
σῠ́οιῐν (dative dual)
σῠ́εσσῐ (dative plural)
σῠ́εσσῐν (dative plural)
sŭ́essĭ (dative plural)
sŭ́essĭn (dative plural)
σῦν (accusative singular)
σῠ́ε (accusative dual)
σῦς (accusative plural)
σῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
σῦ (singular vocative)
σῠ́ε (dual vocative)
σῠ́ες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *súHs (“swine”); doublet of ὗς (hûs). The reason for the survival of initial /s/ in this form is unknown.


κεραία

κεραίᾱ • (keraíā) f (genitive κεραίᾱς); first declension

κεραίᾱ (canonical)
keraíā (romanization)
κεραίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κεραίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κεραῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κεραίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεραιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κεραίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κεραίαις (dative plural)
τὴν κεραίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κεραίᾱς (accusative plural)
κεραίᾱ (singular vocative)
κεραίᾱ (dual vocative)
κεραῖαι (plural vocative)

From κέρας (kéras, “horn”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā).

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
(nautical) yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
projecting parts of the huckle bone

(anatomy) supposed teat-like projections inside the womb


κιθάρα

κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ • (kĭthắrā) f (genitive κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς); first declension

κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (canonical)
kĭthắrā (romanization)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κῐθᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐθᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐθᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κῐθᾰ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐθᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῐθᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν κῐθᾰ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
κῐθᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cithara (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Aramaic: קיתרא (qīṯārā), ܩܝܬܪܐ (qīṯārā)
→ Arabic: قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: կիթառ (kitʻaṙ), կեթառ (ketʻaṙ)
→ Armenian: կիթառ (kitʻaṙ) (learned)

→ Bulgarian: китара (kitára)

According to Beekes, acquired from Pre-Greek. Said Pre-Greek term may be ultimately derived from or at least related to Proto-Hurro-Urartian *kinnar (“lyre, harp”).


ὄϊς

grc-noun

ὄϊς • (óïs) m or f (genitive ὄϊος); third declension

óïs (romanization)
ὄϊος (genitive)
ὄϊς (nominative singular)
ὄϊες (nominative plural)
ὄϊος (genitive singular)
ὀΐων (genitive plural)
ὀῑ̈́ (dative singular)
ὀΐεσσι (dative plural)
ὀΐεσσιν (dative plural)
ὄεσσῐ (dative plural)
ὄεσσῐν (dative plural)
oḯessi (dative plural)
oḯessin (dative plural)
óessĭ (dative plural)
óessĭn (dative plural)
ὄϊν (accusative singular)
ὄῑ̈ς (accusative plural)
ὄϊς (singular vocative)
ὄϊες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ὀΐεσσι(ν), ὄεσσῐ(ν)


οἶς

grc-noun

οἶς • (oîs) m or f (genitive οἰός); third declension

oîs (romanization)
οἰός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ οἶς (nominative singular)
τὼ οἶε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ οἶες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς οἰός (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ οἰί (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς οἰσί (dative plural)
οἰσίν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs oisí (dative plural)
taîs oisín (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν οἶν (accusative singular)
τὼ οἶε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς οἶς (accusative plural)
οἶ (singular vocative)
οἶε (dual vocative)
οἶες (plural vocative)

Contracted form of ὄϊς (óïs), from Proto-Hellenic *ówis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Cognate with Sanskrit अवि (ávi), Latin ovis, and Old English eowu (English ewe).


οὖθαρ

οὖθᾰρ • (oûthăr) n (genitive οὔθᾰτος); third declension

οὖθᾰρ (canonical)
oûthăr (romanization)
οὔθᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ οὖθᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὔθᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ οὔθᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ οὔθᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐθᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐθᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ οὔθᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐθᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς οὔθᾰσῐ (dative plural)
οὔθᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs oúthăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs oúthăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ οὖθᾰρ (accusative singular)
τὼ οὔθᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ οὔθᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖθᾰρ (singular vocative)
οὔθᾰτε (dual vocative)
οὔθᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥. Cognates include Vedic Sanskrit ऊधर् (ū́dhar), Latin ūber, Old English ūder, and modern English udder.


κριός

κρῑός • (krīós) m (genitive κρῑοῦ); second declension

κρῑός (canonical)
krīós (romanization)
κρῑοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κρῑός (nominative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κρῑοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρῑοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρῑῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κρῑῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρῑοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κρῑόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρῑούς (accusative plural)
κρῑέ (singular vocative)
κρῑώ (dual vocative)
κρῑοί (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Traditionally connected with κέρας (kéras, “horn”). The chickpea meaning possibly relates to Latin cicer (“chickpea”), Old Armenian սիսեռն (siseṙn, “chickpea”). Beekes argues for an original meaning of “curved”, comparing Lithuanian kreivas, Old East Slavic кривъ (krivŭ).


ἔριφος

grc-noun

ἔρῐφος • (érĭphos) m or f (genitive ἐρῐ́φου); second declension

ἔρῐφος (canonical)
érĭphos (romanization)
ἐρῐ́φου (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ἔρῐφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῐ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ἔρῐφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ἐρῐ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῐ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῐ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ἐρῐ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῐ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ἐρῐ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ἔρῐφον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῐ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ἐρῐ́φους (accusative plural)
ἔρῐφε (singular vocative)
ἐρῐ́φω (dual vocative)
ἔρῐφοι (plural vocative)

Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-, with cognates including Latin ariēs (“ram”), Old Irish heirp, erb (“kid”), and Lithuanian ė́ras (“lamb”), but more likely of substrate origin (along with the Latin and Old Irish) in view of the strange suffixes and semantic category.


ἀμνός

ἀμνός • (amnós) m (genitive ἀμνοῦ); second declension

amnós (romanization)
ἀμνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἀμνός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀμνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀμνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀμνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀμνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀμνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀμνούς (accusative plural)
ἀμνέ (singular vocative)
ἀμνώ (dual vocative)
ἀμνοί (plural vocative)

Greek: αμνός (amnós)

From Proto-Hellenic *abnós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós. Cognates include Latin agnus, Old Church Slavonic агнѧ (agnę), Old English ēanian (English yean), and Albanian enjë.


οὐρά

οὐρᾱ́ • (ourā́) f (genitive οὐρᾶς); first declension

οὐρᾱ́ (canonical)
ourā́ (romanization)
οὐρᾶς (genitive)
ἡ οὐρᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ οὐραί (nominative plural)
τῆς οὐρᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οὐρᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς οὐραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν οὐρᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οὐρᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
οὐρᾱ́ (singular vocative)
οὐρᾱ́ (dual vocative)
οὐραί (plural vocative)

Greek: ουρά (ourá)

Latin: Ischnura

Translingual: Lagurus

Translingual: Anura

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers- (“tail, butt”) (alternatively reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)), and related to ὄρρος (órrhos, “butt, ass”); see there for more. The connection with οὐραχός (ourakhós, “urachus”), while semantically sound, is phonetically unclear, due to the latter's strange suffix -αχός (-akhós), which has led Beekes to consider a possible Pre-Greek origin for the words (though he still seems to favor Indo-European origin for οὐρά (ourá), at least).

der

(of an army marching) the rear-guard, rear


ἀρνός

grc-noun

ἀρνός • (arnós) m (genitive ἀρνοῦ); second declension

arnós (romanization)
ἀρνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἀρνός (nominative singular)
οἱ ἀρνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρνοῦ (genitive singular)
τῶν ἀρνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖς ἀρνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀρνόν (accusative singular)
τοὺς ἀρνούς (accusative plural)
ἀρνέ (singular vocative)
ἀρνοί (plural vocative)

Aesop 274

Aesop 296.100b

E Gen α.1209

(Koine, Byzantine) Synonym of ἀρήν (arḗn)


χίμαιρα

χῐ́μαιρᾰ • (khĭ́mairă) f (genitive χῐμαίρᾱς); first declension

χῐ́μαιρᾰ (canonical)
khĭ́mairă (romanization)
χῐμαίρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ χῐ́μαιρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ χῐμαίρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ χῐ́μαιραι (nominative plural)
τῆς χῐμαίρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χῐμαίραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χῐμαιρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χῐμαίρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χῐμαίραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χῐμαίραις (dative plural)
τὴν χῐ́μαιρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ χῐμαίρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χῐμαίρᾱς (accusative plural)
χῐ́μαιρᾰ (singular vocative)
χῐμαίρᾱ (dual vocative)
χῐ́μαιραι (plural vocative)

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.181

750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 322

458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 232

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.2.12

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 4.2.20

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of Sparta 13.8

497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 445

Eustathius 1625.34, (Compare Aristotle, History of Animals 3.21.5)


χίμαρος

χῐ́μᾰρος • (khĭ́măros) m (genitive χῐμᾰ́ρου); second declension

χῐ́μᾰρος (canonical)
khĭ́măros (romanization)
χῐμᾰ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ χῐ́μᾰρος (nominative singular)
τὼ χῐμᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ χῐ́μᾰροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χῐμᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χῐμᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χῐμᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ χῐμᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χῐμᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χῐμᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν χῐ́μᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ χῐμᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς χῐμᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
χῐ́μᾰρε (singular vocative)
χῐμᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
χῐ́μᾰροι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰímər, R-stem derivation from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeym- (“winter, snow”), complementing the n-stem reflex found in χειμών (kheimṓn). Perhaps originally meaning "winter/year-old (goat)".


ἀρήν

grc-noun

ᾰ̓ρήν • (ărḗn) m or f (genitive ᾰ̓ρνός); third declension

ᾰ̓ρήν (canonical)
ărḗn (romanization)
ᾰ̓ρνός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ᾰ̓ρήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ἄρνε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ἄρνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ᾰ̓ρνός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ᾰ̓ρνῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
ἄρνεσσῐ (dative plural)
ἄρνεσσῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs ărnắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs ărnắsĭn (dative plural)
árnessĭ (dative plural)
árnessĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ἄρνα (accusative singular)
τὼ ἄρνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ἄρνας (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓ρήν (singular vocative)
ἄρνε (dual vocative)
ἄρνες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐ(ν), ἄρνεσσῐ(ν)

From Proto-Hellenic *warḗn, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“lamb”). Cognates include Latin vervēx (“wether”), Sanskrit उरण (úraṇa) and Old Armenian գառն (gaṙn).


φάρυγξ

grc-noun

φᾰ́ρῠγξ • (phắrŭnx) f or m (genitive φᾰ́ρῠγος or φᾰ́ρῠγγος); third declension

φᾰ́ρῠγξ (canonical)
phắrŭnx (romanization)
φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive)
φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγες (plural vocative)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠγξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγες (plural vocative)

Greek: φάρυγγας (fáryngas)

→ New Latin: pharynx
→ English: pharynx

→ Italian: faringe

According to Frisk an inherited Indo-European word for “throat, gorge”, cognate to Latin frūmen and Old Armenian երբուծ (erbuc), both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”), but phonetically this is somewhat problematic as the Greek form requires laryngeal metathesis to *bʰr̥Hug-, turning the root disyllabic, for unknown reasons. Alternatively, it could be related to φᾰ́ρᾰγξ (phắrănx, “ravine, cleft, chasm, gully, abyss”) or φᾶρος (phâros, “cloth, cloak”), also of disputed origin.
Beekes pointed out that the prenasalized suffix -ῠγγ- (or -ῠγ-) argues for a Pre-Greek origin. Compare λᾰ́ρῠγξ (lắrŭnx).


σταφυλῖνος

grc-noun

στᾰφῠλῖνος • (stăphŭlînos) m (genitive στᾰφῠλῑ́νου); second declension

στᾰφῠλῖνος (canonical)
stăphŭlînos (romanization)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ στᾰφῠλῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ στᾰφῠλῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στᾰφῠλῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ στᾰφῠλῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στᾰφῠλῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν στᾰφῠλῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στᾰφῠλῑ́νους (accusative plural)
στᾰφῠλῖνε (singular vocative)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual vocative)
στᾰφῠλῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σταφυλίνος (stafylínos)

Armenian:

→ Middle Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

→ Georgian: სტაფილო (sṭapilo)

→ Latin: staphylīnus

Semitic:

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܦܠܝܢ (ʾesṭap̄līn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

From στᾰφῠλή (stăphŭlḗ, “grape”) + -ῖνος (-înos).


ῥύγχος

grc-noun

ῥῠ́γχος • (rhŭ́nkhos) n (genitive ῥῠ́γχους); third declension

ῥῠ́γχος (canonical)
rhŭ́nkhos (romanization)
ῥῠ́γχους (genitive)
τὸ ῥῠ́γχος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῠ́γχει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥῠ́γχη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῠ́γχους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῠγχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῠγχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῠ́γχει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῠγχοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῠ́γχεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῠ́γχεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhŭ́nkhesĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhŭ́nkhesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ῥῠ́γχος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῠ́γχει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥῠ́γχη (accusative plural)
ῥῠ́γχος (singular vocative)
ῥῠ́γχει (dual vocative)
ῥῠ́γχη (plural vocative)

Greek: ρύγχος (rýnchos)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srungʰ- and related to Old Armenian ռունգն (ṙungn, “nose”). See also Proto-Celtic *srognā (“nose”).


περόνη

περόνη • (perónē) f (genitive περόνης); first declension

perónē (romanization)
περόνης (genitive)
ἡ περόνη (nominative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ περόναι (nominative plural)
τῆς περόνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περονῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περόνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περόναις (dative plural)
τὴν περόνην (accusative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περόνᾱς (accusative plural)
περόνη (singular vocative)
περόνᾱ (dual vocative)
περόναι (plural vocative)

Greek: περόνη (peróni)

⇒ Koine Greek: περόνιον (perónion)

desc

Byzantine Greek: πιρούνιν (piroúnin), περούνιν (peroúnin)

desctree

Greek: πιρούνι (piroúni)
→ Albanian: pirun
→ Aromanian: pirunã
→ Friulian: piron
→ Ladino: piron
→ Mòcheno: paru'
→ Romanian: piron
→ Serbo-Croatian: pirun / пирун
→ Venetan: piron
→ Cimbrian: pirù
→ Lombard: piron

→ English: perone

From πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, run through”), formed with the pattern of ᾰ̓κόνη (ăkónē, “whetstone, hone”), βελόνη (belónē, “needle”).

(anatomy) radius; (more frequently) fibula, calf bone

(zootomy) ligament below the knee of a horse


χηλή

grc-noun

χηλή • (khēlḗ) f (genitive χηλῆς); first declension

khēlḗ (romanization)
χηλῆς (genitive)
ἡ χηλή (nominative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ χηλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς χηλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χηλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς χηλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν χηλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
χηλή (singular vocative)
χηλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
χηλαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: chele

→ English: chela

→ Italian: chela

Of unclear origin. Traditionally connected with χηρᾰμός (khērămós, “hole, hollow”), χήμη (khḗmē, “yawning, gaping”), and χάσκω (kháskō, “I yawn, gape”), but the supposed unifying connections are obscure. Compare also χελώνη (khelṓnē, “turtle”), also of unclear origin, which could be related through Pre-Greek if it originally referred to the hard shell.


σταφυλή

σταφυλή • (staphulḗ) f (genitive σταφυλῆς); first declension

staphulḗ (romanization)
σταφυλῆς (genitive)
ἡ σταφυλή (nominative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σταφυλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σταφυλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σταφυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σταφυλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σταφυλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σταφυλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σταφυλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σταφυλή (singular vocative)
σταφυλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σταφυλαί (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ Byzantine Greek: σταφύλιον (staphúlion)

Greek: σταφύλι (stafýli)

Though traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to be stiff; post”) (compare Sanskrit स्तम्भ (stambha, “pillar”), Old English stæf (“staff”)) via an assumed intermediate sense “stem”, according to Beekes, the word is clearly Pre-Greek, along with the related στέμφυλα (stémphula, “bunch of (pressed) olives or grapes”) and ἀσταφίς (astaphís, “dried grapes”). It must be noted that the usual Avar word for “grape” is цӏибил (cʼibil) and is internally derived in Caucasian.


χαλινός

grc-noun

χᾰλῑνός • (khălīnós) m (genitive χᾰλῑνοῦ); second declension

χᾰλῑνός (canonical)
khălīnós (romanization)
χᾰλῑνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ χᾰλῑνός (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰλῑνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ χᾰλῑνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ χᾰλῑνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰλῑνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χᾰλῑνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς χᾰλῑνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν χᾰλῑνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰλῑνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χᾰλῑνούς (accusative plural)
χᾰλῑνέ (singular vocative)
χᾰλῑνώ (dual vocative)
χᾰλῑνοί (plural vocative)

Greek: χαλινός (chalinós)

desc

→ Arabic: كَالُون (kālūn), كَيْلُون (kaylūn, “lock installed onto something; padlock”)

→ New Latin: chalīnos (“corner of the mouth, the part of the cheek most close to the lips”)

bar or bolt for fastening doors, <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">sera</i>

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܠܴܢܳܐ (klānā, “bar or bolt for fastening doors, sera”)

According to Beekes, a Pre-Greek origin is probable, as it is difficult to explain "χαλ-" from Indo-European and as a suffix "-ιν-" is frequent in Pre-Greek.


Πράσινοι

grc-proper noun

Πράσινοι • (Prásinoi) m pl (indeclinable)

From Latin prasinī, from Ancient Greek πρᾰ́σῐνος (prắsĭnos, “leek-green”), from πράσον (práson, “leek”) + -ινος (-inos, “-ine: forming adjectives”).

suffix

(Byzantine, sports) the Greens, one of the usual chariot-racing factions of Rome, Constantinople, and other major cities of the empire


χοῖρος

grc-noun

χοῖρος • (khoîros) m (genitive χοίρου); second declension

khoîros (romanization)
χοίρου (genitive)
ὁ χοῖρος (nominative singular)
τὼ χοίρω (dual nominative)
οἱ χοῖροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χοίρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χοίροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χοίρων (genitive plural)
τῷ χοίρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χοίροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χοίροις (dative plural)
τὸν χοῖρον (accusative singular)
τὼ χοίρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς χοίρους (accusative plural)
χοῖρε (singular vocative)
χοίρω (dual vocative)
χοῖροι (plural vocative)

Greek: χοίρος (choíros)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Hellenic *kʰóřřos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰóryos (“pig”) (whence Albanian derr (“id”)), from *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, bristly”) + *-yos (owing to the bristliness of wild pigs), whence *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”). But in view of the limited distribution, Beekes suspects a Pre-Greek substrate origin for the Greek and Albanian terms.

af

Νῦν γε χοῖρος φαίνεται.
ἀτὰρ ἐκτραφείς γε κύσθος ἔσται.
Nûn ge khoîros phaínetai.

446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Archarnians 782–783

Now it looks like a pussy.
But once it's been reared, it'll be a cunt.

(slang, vulgar) female genitalia, especially those belonging to a young woman


ὁπλή

grc-noun

ὁπλή • (hoplḗ) f (genitive ὁπλῆς); first declension

hoplḗ (romanization)
ὁπλῆς (genitive)
ἡ ὁπλή (nominative singular)
τὼ ὁπλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὁπλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ὁπλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὁπλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὁπλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὁπλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὁπλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὁπλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ὁπλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὁπλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὁπλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ὁπλή (singular vocative)
ὁπλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ὁπλαί (plural vocative)

Greek: οπλή (oplí)

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad II.536


πῶλος

πῶλος • (pôlos) m or f (genitive πώλου); second declension

pôlos (romanization)
πώλου (genitive)
ὁ πῶλος (nominative singular)
τὼ πώλω (dual nominative)
οἱ πῶλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πώλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πώλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πώλων (genitive plural)
τῷ πώλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πώλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πώλοις (dative plural)
τὸν πῶλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πώλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πώλους (accusative plural)
πῶλε (singular vocative)
πώλω (dual vocative)
πῶλοι (plural vocative)

Greek: πουλί n (poulí, “bird”)

Greek: πουλάρι n (poulári, “foal”)

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w-. Cognates include Latin paulus, Old Armenian ուլ (ul), and Old English fola (English foal).

480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 676

a Corinthian coin, from the figure of Pegasus on it


βράγχιον

βρᾰ́γχῐον • (brắnkhĭon) n (genitive βρᾰγχῐ́ου); second declension

βρᾰ́γχῐον (canonical)
brắnkhĭon (romanization)
βρᾰγχῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βρᾰ́γχῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρᾰγχῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρᾰγχῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρᾰγχῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρᾰγχῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρᾰγχῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρᾰγχῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρᾰγχῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βρᾰ́γχῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρᾰγχῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βρᾰ́γχῐον (singular vocative)
βρᾰγχῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: βράγχιο (vránchio)

desctree

Latin: branchia
→ Catalan: brànquia
→ English: branchia
→ Spanish: branchia
→ French: branchie
Italian: branchia
Sicilian: vranchia

Possible relation to βρόγχος (brónkhos, “trachea, windpipe, throat”), βρογχία (bronkhía, “system of ducts connecting heart with liver”).


πρόβατον

grc-noun

πρόβατον • (próbaton) n (genitive προβάτου); second declension

próbaton (romanization)
προβάτου (genitive)
τὸ πρόβατον (nominative singular)
τὼ προβάτω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρόβατᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ προβάτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προβάτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προβάτων (genitive plural)
τῷ προβάτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προβάτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προβάτοις (dative plural)
τὸ πρόβατον (accusative singular)
τὼ προβάτω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρόβατᾰ (accusative plural)
πρόβατον (singular vocative)
προβάτω (dual vocative)
πρόβατᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πρόβατο (próvato)

Mariupol Greek: про́вату (próvatu)

From προβαίνω (probaínō, “to go on”) + -τος (-tos).

, ἀρήν (arḗn)

414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 714

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.14


ἀρνίον

ἀρνίον • (arníon) n (genitive ἀρνίου); second declension

arníon (romanization)
ἀρνίου (genitive)
τὸ ἀρνῐ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀρνῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀρνῐ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀρνῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀρνῐ́ον (singular vocative)
ἀρνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἀρνῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek: ἀρνίν (arnín)

Greek: αρνί (arní)

Mariupol Greek: арны́ (arný)

ἀρήν (arḗn, “lamb, sheep”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive).

af

125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Dance 43


πνιγεύς

grc-noun

πνῐγεύς • (pnĭgeús) m (genitive πνῐγέως); third declension

πνῐγεύς (canonical)
pnĭgeús (romanization)
πνῐγέως (genitive)
ὁ πνῐγεύς (nominative singular)
τὼ πνῐγῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ πνῐγῆς (nominative plural)
πνῐγεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ πνῐγέως (genitive singular)
τοῖν πνῐγέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πνῐγέων (genitive plural)
τῷ πνῐγεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν πνῐγέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πνῐγεῦσῐ (dative plural)
πνῐγεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pnĭgeûsĭ (dative plural)
toîs pnĭgeûsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν πνῐγέᾱ (accusative singular)
τὼ πνῐγῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πνῐγέᾱς (accusative plural)
πνῐγεῦ (singular vocative)
πνῐγῆ (dual vocative)
πνῐγῆς (plural vocative)
πνῐγεῖς (plural vocative)

From πνῑ́γω (pnī́gō, “to choke, stifle”) + -εύς (-eús, masculine agentive suffix).

suffix

hydraulic instrument in which air is pent up


ἄμπελος

grc-noun

ἄμπελος • (ámpelos) f (genitive ἀμπέλου); second declension

ámpelos (romanization)
ἀμπέλου (genitive)
ἡ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀμπέλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀμπέλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀμπέλους (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)
ᾱ̓ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἰ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τᾶς ἀμπέλω (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τᾶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τᾶ ἀμπέλω (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοισῐ (dative plural)
ἀμπέλοισῐν (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisĭ (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisĭn (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)

Greek: άμπελος (ámpelos)

→ Latin: ampelos

Difficult to explain as an inherited Indo-European word and usually considered to be a Pre-Greek/substrate word. Compare also Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple”).

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.181

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 3.17.4

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.110

620 BCE – 500 BCE, Alcaeus of Mytilene, Collected Works 44

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.195

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.4.11

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.90

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 7.2

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 9.52


κέρκος

κέρκος • (kérkos) f (genitive κέρκου); second declension

kérkos (romanization)
κέρκου (genitive)
ἡ κέρκος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (dual nominative)
αἱ κέρκοι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέρκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κέρκων (genitive plural)
τῇ κέρκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέρκοις (dative plural)
τὴν κέρκον (accusative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέρκους (accusative plural)
κέρκε (singular vocative)
κέρκω (dual vocative)
κέρκοι (plural vocative)

Translingual: ?Cercomacra, Cercopithecus, ?Onchocerca, Ptilocercus (generic names)

English: cysticercus

→ Latin: cercus (New Latin)

→ English: cercus

Of Pre-Greek origin. Compare κερκίς (kerkís).

5th century CE, Hesychius Alexandreus, Συναγωγὴ Πασῶν Λέξεων κατὰ Στοιχεῖον

a small animal that attacks grapevines
Synonym of ἀλεκτρυών (alektruṓn)

ScriptOr 259.21

VAndR e.69E

(Byzantine) a burin (a chisel-like tool used for engraving)


κόμη

κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension

kómē (romanization)
κόμης (genitive)
ἡ κόμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κομῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς (accusative plural)
κόμη (singular vocative)
κόμᾱ (dual vocative)
κόμαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)

Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable. It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”).
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”).

unk

Not explained with certainty


σαγματοπασμαγάδια

grc-noun

σαγματοπασμαγαδίων

σαγματοπασμαγάδια • (sagmatopasmagádia) n pl (genitive σαγματοπασμαγαδίων); second declension

sagmatopasmagádia (romanization)
σαγματοπασμαγαδίων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν σαγματοπασμαγαδίων (genitive plural)
τοῖς σαγματοπασμαγαδίοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (accusative plural)
σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σαγματοπασμαγάδιον

σάγμα (ságma, “saddle”) + πασμαγάνδιον (pasmagándion, “welding blanket”), the second element being from Persian پشماگند (pašmâgand).

af

πασμαγάνδιον

c. 10th century, Constantine Porphyrogenitus, Three Treatises on Imperial Military Expeditions. Translated by J. F. Haldon, Vienna 1990, C 119-122.

(Byzantine, plural only) saddle and welding blanket


ἡνία

grc-noun

ἡνίᾰ • (hēníă) n pl (genitive ἡνίων); second declension

ἡνίᾱ • (hēníā) f (genitive ἡνίᾱς); first declension

ἡνίᾰ (canonical)
hēníă (romanization)
ἡνίων (genitive)
ἡνίᾱ (canonical)
hēníā (romanization)
ἡνίᾱς (genitive)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
ἡνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
ἡνῐ́οισῐ (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́οισῐν (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́οις (dative plural)
hēnĭ́oisĭ (dative plural)
hēnĭ́oisĭn (dative plural)
hēnĭ́ois (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)
ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
αἱ ἡνῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῶν ἡνῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἡνῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
ταῖς ἡνῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἡνῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τᾱ̀ς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἡνῐ́αι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂em- (“to grasp”) and cognate with Latin ānsa (“handle”) and Lithuanian ąsà (“handle”).


πρόλοβος

πρόλοβος • (prólobos) m (genitive προλόβου); second declension

prólobos (romanization)
προλόβου (genitive)
ὁ πρόλοβος (nominative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (dual nominative)
οἱ πρόλοβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ προλόβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προλόβων (genitive plural)
τῷ προλόβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προλόβοις (dative plural)
τὸν πρόλοβον (accusative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς προλόβους (accusative plural)
πρόλοβε (singular vocative)
προλόβω (dual vocative)
πρόλοβοι (plural vocative)

πρό (pró, “before”) + λοβός (lobós, “lobe”)


μήκων

grc-noun

μήκων • (mḗkōn) f (genitive μήκωνος); third declension

mḗkōn (romanization)
μήκωνος (genitive)
ἡ μήκων (nominative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (dual nominative)
αἱ μήκωνες (nominative plural)
τῆς μήκωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηκώνων (genitive plural)
τῇ μήκωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήκωσῐ (dative plural)
μήκωσῐν (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsĭ (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν μήκωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήκωνᾰς (accusative plural)
μήκων (singular vocative)
μήκωνε (dual vocative)
μήκωνες (plural vocative)

Greek: μήκων (míkon)

English: mecon

Translingual: Arctomecon, Calomecon, Dendromecon, Eomecon, Hesperomecon, Hylomecon, Meconella, Meconopsis, Oreomecon, Stylomecon

→ Old Armenian: մեկոն (mekon)

Cognate with Proto-Slavic *makъ, (Old Church Slavonic макъ (makŭ)) and German Mohn; from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ko-.

Papaver somniferum
Papaver somniferum#Translingual

(anatomy) the part of the ear at the root under the lobe


σάγμα

σάγμᾰ • (ságmă) n (genitive σάγμᾰτος); third declension

σάγμᾰ (canonical)
ságmă (romanization)
σάγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σᾰ́γμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰ́γμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰ́γμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰ́γμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σᾰ́γμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sắgmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs sắgmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́γμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́γμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́γμᾰ (singular vocative)
σᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: sagma

→ French: somme

→ German: Saum

→ Italian: salma, soma

From σάττω (sáttō, “I cram, I stuff”) and the suffix -μα (-ma). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (“to press, squeeze”) (Proto-Germanic *þwangiz).

der

A covering, a clothing; the covering of a shield


σίαλος

grc-noun

σίᾰλος • (síălos) m (genitive σῐάλου); second declension

σίᾰλος (canonical)
síălos (romanization)
σῐάλου (genitive)
ὁ σῐ́ᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ σῐ́ᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν σῐ́ᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σῐᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
σῐ́ᾰλε (singular vocative)
σῐᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σῐ́ᾰλοι (plural vocative)

The word has been connected with Ancient Greek σίαλον (síalon, “spittle, slobber”), Old English þwīnan (“to become weak”) and Proto-Slavic *tyti (“to become fat”) but all these proposals seem unconvincing. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


χλούνης

grc-noun

χλούνης • (khloúnēs) m (genitive χλούνου); first declension

khloúnēs (romanization)
χλούνου (genitive)
ὁ χλούνης (nominative singular)
τὼ χλούνᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ χλοῦναι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χλούνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χλούναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χλουνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χλούνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν χλούναιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χλούναις (dative plural)
τὸν χλούνην (accusative singular)
τὼ χλούνᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χλούνᾱς (accusative plural)
χλούνη (singular vocative)
χλούνᾱ (dual vocative)
χλοῦναι (plural vocative)

Unknown, but perhaps contracted form χλοεύνης, see also the definition below.

unk

Unknown

A wild boar described as τομίας (tomías, “castrated”), μονιός (moniós, “solitary”), ἀφριστής (aphristḗs, “foaming at the mouth”) and χλοεύνης (khloeúnēs, “couching in the grass”)


στόρθυγξ

grc-noun

στόρθῠγξ • (stórthŭnx) m or f (genitive στόρθῠγγος); third declension

στόρθῠγξ (canonical)
stórthŭnx (romanization)
στόρθῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs stórthŭnxĭ (dative plural)
toîs stórthŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)
ἡ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs stórthŭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs stórthŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.


ὄστλιγξ

ὄστλῐγξ • (óstlĭnx) f (genitive ὄστλῐγγος); third declension

ὄστλῐγξ (canonical)
óstlĭnx (romanization)
ὄστλῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ ὄστλῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄστλῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄστλῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄστλῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄστλῐγξῐ (dative plural)
ὄστλῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs óstlĭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs óstlĭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ὄστλῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄστλῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄστλῐγξ (singular vocative)
ὄστλῐγγε (dual vocative)
ὄστλῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to θῶμιγξ (thôminx), ἶλιγξ (îlinx) and στρόφιγξ (stróphinx). The presence of the variant shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.


ἴξαλος

ἴξᾰλος • (íxălos) m (genitive ἰξάλου); second declension

ἴξᾰλος (canonical)
íxălos (romanization)
ἰξάλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴξᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴξᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰξᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰξᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰξᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰξᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴξᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰξᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
ἴξᾰλε (singular vocative)
ἰξᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ἴξᾰλοι (plural vocative)

According to Furnée and Beekes, from Pre-Greek.


οἰνάνθη

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).

Oenanthe oenanthe
Oenanthe oenanthe#Translingual


ἀθήρ

ἀθήρ • (athḗr) m (genitive ἀθέρος); third declension

athḗr (romanization)
ἀθέρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀθήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀθέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀθέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀθέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀθέρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀθέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭ (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἀθέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀθέρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀθήρ (singular vocative)
ἀθέρε (dual vocative)
ἀθέρες (plural vocative)

Greek: αθέρας (athéras), αθήρ (athír)

Not related to Latin ador (“hulled wheat”) nor to ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). According to Beekes, the nasalized form ἀνθέριξ (anthérix) points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ψάλιον

ψάλῐον • (psálĭon) n (genitive ψᾰλίου); second declension

ψάλῐον (canonical)
psálĭon (romanization)
ψᾰλίου (genitive)
τὸ ψάλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ψαλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ψάλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψαλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψαλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψαλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ψαλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψαλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψαλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ψάλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ψαλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ψάλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ψάλῐον (singular vocative)
ψαλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ψάλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ψάλιο (psálio)

With ψέλιον (psélion, “armlet worn by the Persians”) and ψαλόν (psalón, “kind of bridle”) an Iranian borrowing; synonymous to Classical Persian افسار (afsār, “curb chain, halter, headstall”), and note also افسر (afsar, “diadem”).


ῥάξ

grc-noun

ῥᾱ́ξ • (rhā́x) f (genitive ῥᾱγός); third declension

ῥᾱ́ξ (canonical)
rhā́x (romanization)
ῥᾱγός (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱ́ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾶγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱξῐ́ (dative plural)
ῥᾱξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs rhāxĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾶγᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱ́ξ (singular vocative)
ῥᾶγε (dual vocative)
ῥᾶγες (plural vocative)

Greek: ρώγα (róga)

The word is a reminiscent of ῥάματα (rhámata, “bunch of grapes”), as well as of Latin racēmus (“bunch of grapes”), Sanskrit रजनी (rajanī, “grape, lac”), Persian رز (raz, “vine”) and Albanian rrush (“grape”).


ψαλόν

Apparently near-synonymous with χαλινός (khalinós, “bridle”). From the same root as ψάλιον (psálion, “curb-chain”), ψέλιον (psélion, “anklet worn by the Persians”).

ψαλόν· εἶδος χαλινοῦ

[5th c. C.E., Hesychius of Alexandria, Γλώσσαι, Ψ:


πήληξ

πήληξ • (pḗlēx) f (genitive πήληκος); third declension

pḗlēx (romanization)
πήληκος (genitive)
ἡ πήληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (dual nominative)
αἱ πήληκες (nominative plural)
τῆς πήληκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πηλήκων (genitive plural)
τῇ πήληκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πήληξῐ (dative plural)
πήληξῐν (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxĭ (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πήληκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πήληκᾰς (accusative plural)
πήληξ (singular vocative)
πήληκε (dual vocative)
πήληκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like τράφηξ (tráphēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The suffix "-ηξ" often occurs in Pre-Greek words.


τράγαινα

τράγαινᾰ • (trágaină) f (genitive τρᾰγαίνης); first declension

τράγαινᾰ (canonical)
trágaină (romanization)
τρᾰγαίνης (genitive)
ἡ τρᾰ́γαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τρᾰ́γαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρᾰγαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾰγαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τρᾰγαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾰγαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρᾰγαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν τρᾰ́γαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾰγαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρᾰγαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
τρᾰ́γαινᾰ (singular vocative)
τρᾰγαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
τρᾰ́γαιναι (plural vocative)

From τράγος (trágos, “goat”) + -αινᾰ (-aină).


κεκρύφαλος

κεκρύφᾰλος • (kekrúphălos) m (genitive κεκρῠφάλου); second declension

κεκρύφᾰλος (canonical)
kekrúphălos (romanization)
κεκρῠφάλου (genitive)
ὁ κεκρῠ́φᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κεκρῠ́φᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κεκρῠφᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεκρῠφᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεκρῠφᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κεκρῠφᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεκρῠφᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κεκρῠφᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κεκρῠ́φᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κεκρῠφᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
κεκρῠ́φᾰλε (singular vocative)
κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κεκρῠ́φᾰλοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, undoubtedly of Pre-Greek origin even if traditionally linked to κρύπτω (krúptō, “to hide”).

(zoology) reticulum, the second stomach of ruminants


ἀστράβη

ἀστράβη • (astrábē) f (genitive ἀστράβης); first declension

astrábē (romanization)
ἀστράβης (genitive)
ἡ ἀστράβη (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστράβᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀστράβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀστράβης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστράβαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστραβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀστράβῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστράβαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀστράβαις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀστράβην (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστράβᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀστράβᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀστράβη (singular vocative)
ἀστράβᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀστράβαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Astrabe

A connection with ἀστραβής (astrabḗs, “steadfast”) is improbable. According to Beekes, the variation αβ/απ is well-known in substrate words, so it may well be a Pre-Greek word.


κλῆμα

κλῆμᾰ • (klêmă) n (genitive κλήμᾰτος); third declension

κλῆμᾰ (canonical)
klêmă (romanization)
κλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήμα (klíma)

Traditionally connected with κλάω (kláō, “to break”), but the semantics are tenuous, and there is no evidence for a long α (a) in the former. Thus, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


φυσητήρ

φῡσητήρ • (phūsētḗr) m (genitive φῡσητῆρος); third declension

φῡσητήρ (canonical)
phūsētḗr (romanization)
φῡσητῆρος (genitive)
ὁ φῡσητήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ φῡσητῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φῡσητῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσητήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φῡσητῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φῡσητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
φῡσητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν φῡσητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φῡσητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
φῡσητήρ (singular vocative)
φῡσητῆρε (dual vocative)
φῡσητῆρες (plural vocative)

Greek: φυσητήρας (fysitíras)

desctree

→ Latin: physetēr
→ Italian: fisetere m
→ Translingual: Physeter m

From φῡσάω (phūsáō, “to blow”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).


μύτις

grc-noun

μύτῐς • (mútĭs) f (genitive μύτῐδος); third declension

μύτῐς (canonical)
mútĭs (romanization)
μύτῐδος (genitive)
ἡ μῠ́τῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́τῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ μῠ́τῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς μῠ́τῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ μῠ́τῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μῠ́τῐσῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́τῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs mŭ́tĭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs mŭ́tĭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν μῠ́τῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́τῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μῠ́τῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́τῐς (singular vocative)
μῠ́τῐδε (dual vocative)
μῠ́τῐδες (plural vocative)

Greek: μύτη (mýti)

Of unclear origin. Bailly derives the word from μῡ́ω (mū́ō, “to close, shut”), though the word could perhaps be from Pre-Greek and related to μύσταξ (mústax, “upper lip”).


βέρεδος

βέρεδος • (béredos) m (genitive βερέδου); second declension

béredos (romanization)
βερέδου (genitive)
ὁ βέρεδος (nominative singular)
τὼ βερέδω (dual nominative)
οἱ βέρεδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βερέδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βερέδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βερέδων (genitive plural)
τῷ βερέδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βερέδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βερέδοις (dative plural)
τὸν βέρεδον (accusative singular)
τὼ βερέδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βερέδους (accusative plural)
βέρεδε (singular vocative)
βερέδω (dual vocative)
βέρεδοι (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: بَرِيد (barīd)

Borrowed from Latin verēdus, itself from Gaulish *werēdos.


γαμφηλαί

γᾰμφηλαί • (gămphēlaí) f pl (genitive γᾰμφηλῶν); first declension

γᾰμφηλαί (canonical)
gămphēlaí (romanization)
γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive)
αἱ γᾰμφηλαί (nominative plural)
τῶν γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς γᾰμφηλαῖς (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰμφηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
γᾰμφηλαί (plural vocative)

Generally connected with γόμφος (gómphos, “peg, nail”), but the α-vocalism is problematic. Neither an influence from γαμψός (gampsós, “curved, crooked”) or γναμπτήρ (gnamptḗr, “jaw”) seems to be a sufficient explanation. Pedersen pointed to Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“lip, mouth”). According to Beekes, the word may be Pre-Greek given the suffix -ηλ-, which can be found also in τράχηλος (trákhēlos).


ἤνυστρον

ἤνῠστρον • (ḗnŭstron) n (genitive ἠνῠ́στρου); second declension

ἤνῠστρον (canonical)
ḗnŭstron (romanization)
ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἠνῠ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἠνῠ́στρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἠνῠ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἤνῠστρον (singular vocative)
ἠνῠ́στρω (dual vocative)
ἤνῠστρᾰ (plural vocative)

The formation with ἔν- perhaps arose under the influence of ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) and ἐγκοίλιος (enkoílios, “entrails”), but it is late in any case. Assuming *ϝήνυστρον (*wḗnustron), this word is traditionally connected with Icelandic vinstur (“abomasum”), but it differs regarding the quantity of the first syllable and the color of the intermediate vowel. As a pre-form, *wend-tri- has been assumed, comparing German Wanst (“belly”), Latin venter (“belly”) and Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”). However, a digamma is uncertain, and the connection with these words seems most improbable, as the forms are not well comparable. According to Beekes, the ending in -στρον is Pre-Greek.


ἄμπυξ

ἄμπῠξ • (ámpŭx) m or f (genitive ἄμπῠκος); third declension

ἄμπῠξ (canonical)
ámpŭx (romanization)
ἄμπῠκος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ ᾰ̓́μπῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́μπῠκε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ ᾰ̓́μπῠκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς ᾰ̓́μπῠκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μπῠ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓μπῠ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ ᾰ̓́μπῠκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓μπῠ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς ᾰ̓́μπῠξῐ (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́μπῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs ắmpŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs ắmpŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν ᾰ̓́μπῠκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓́μπῠκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́μπῠκᾰς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́μπῠξ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓́μπῠκε (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́μπῠκες (plural vocative)

→ English: ampyx

Formerly considered to be a root noun prefixed with ἀμ-, belonging to πύκα (púka, “solidly”) and πυκνός (puknós, “compact”), and cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬯𐬁 (pusā, “headband, diadem”). However, the notion "thick, solid" does not seem to fit the objects in question. A word for such objects is easily borrowed and, according to Beekes, it contains a typical Pre-Greek suffix.


Πήδασος

grc-proper noun

Πήδᾰσος • (Pḗdăsos) m (genitive Πηδάσου); second declension

Πήδᾰσος (canonical)
Pḗdăsos (romanization)
Πηδάσου (genitive)
Πήδᾰσος (nominative singular)
Πηδᾰ́σου (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰσοῖο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σοιο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰσόο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σοο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σῳ (dative singular)
Πήδᾰσον (accusative singular)
Πήδᾰσε (singular vocative)

Pedasus, the name of a Trojan soldier mentioned in the Iliad


προβοσκίς

grc-noun

προβοσκίς • (proboskís) f (genitive προβοσκίδος); third declension

proboskís (romanization)
προβοσκίδος (genitive)
ἡ προβοσκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ προβοσκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς προβοσκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προβοσκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ προβοσκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς προβοσκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
προβοσκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs proboskĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs proboskĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν προβοσκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προβοσκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
προβοσκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: προβοσκίδα (provoskída)

→ Latin: proboscis

From προ- (pro-, “before, in front of”) + βόσκω (bóskō, “I feed, I graze”) + -ις (-is, suffix to form a feminine noun).

affix

(in the plural) tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda

means of providing food
tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda


σήπιον

grc-noun

σήπῐον • (sḗpĭon) n (genitive σηπῐ́ου); second declension

σήπῐον (canonical)
sḗpĭon (romanization)
σηπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σήπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σηπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σηπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σηπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σηπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σήπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σήπῐον (singular vocative)
σηπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σήπῐᾰ (plural vocative)


ῥάμφος

ῥᾰ́μφος • (rhắmphos) n (genitive ῥᾰ́μφεος); third declension

ῥᾰ́μφος (canonical)
rhắmphos (romanization)
ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰμφέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥᾰ́μφεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥᾰ́μφεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhắmphesĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhắmphesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφος (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ράμφος (rámfos)

Next to this word, there are ῥέμφος (rhémphos, “mouth or nose”) and ῥαμψός (rhampsós). The words ῥέμβομαι (rhémbomai, “to turn round, roam”) and ῥόμβος (rhómbos, “wheel”) are phonetically comparable and semantically similar; confront further ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod, wand”) and ῥομφαία (rhomphaía, “Thracian sword”). Germanic words have been compared, like Middle Low German wrimpen (“to turn up one's nose”), but these comparisons are ungrounded. The variation β/ψ rather points to a Pre-Greek origin, as does the α-vocalism. Moreover, ῥαιβός (rhaibós, “crooked”) is probably a variant, showing prenasalization.


χηναλώπηξ

grc-noun

χηνᾰλώπηξ • (khēnălṓpēx) m (genitive χηνᾰλώπεκος); third declension

χηνᾰλώπηξ (canonical)
khēnălṓpēx (romanization)
χηνᾰλώπεκος (genitive)
ὁ χηνᾰλώπηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ χηνᾰλώπεκε (dual nominative)
οἱ χηνᾰλώπεκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ χηνᾰλώπεκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηνᾰλωπέκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηνᾰλωπέκων (genitive plural)
τῷ χηνᾰλώπεκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηνᾰλωπέκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χηνᾰλώπεξῐ (dative plural)
χηνᾰλώπεξῐν (dative plural)
toîs khēnălṓpexĭ (dative plural)
toîs khēnălṓpexĭn (dative plural)
τὸν χηνᾰλώπεκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χηνᾰλώπεκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς χηνᾰλώπεκᾰς (accusative plural)
χηνᾰλώπηξ (singular vocative)
χηνᾰλώπεκε (dual vocative)
χηνᾰλώπεκες (plural vocative)

From χήν (khḗn, “goose”) + ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx, “fox”).

compound

Alopochen aegyptiaca
Alopochen aegyptiaca#Translingual


φῦσα

grc-noun

φῦσᾰ • (phûsă) f (genitive φῡ́σης); first declension

φῦσᾰ (canonical)
phûsă (romanization)
φῡ́σης (genitive)
ἡ φῦσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῦσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῡ́σης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῡ́σῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῡ́σαις (dative plural)
τὴν φῦσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σᾱς (accusative plural)
φῦσᾰ (singular vocative)
φῡ́σᾱ (dual vocative)
φῦσαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Physostigma

Nominal formation in σᾶ (sâ), with the exact form and origin of the root unclear. Candidates include φυ- (phu-), φυσ- (phus-), φυτ- (phut-), or φυκ- (phuk-), but none of these can be shown to have existed in Greek.
Comparanda include Old Armenian փուք (pʻukʻ, “breath, wind, fart”) (< φυκ-ι̯α (phuk-i̯a); however, φῦσα (phûsa) cannot derive from this form), Sanskrit फूत्करोति (phūtkaroti, “to puff, blow”) (< φυτ-ι̯α (phut-i̯a)), फुफुस (phuphusa, “lungs”), as well as Latin pustula (“bladder”),Classical Persian پوگان (pūgān, “uterus”),Dari پوقانه (pōqāna, “urine bladder”),Iranian Persian پپ (pop, “lung (Qaenī dialect)”), Old Church Slavonic пухати (puxati, “to blow”), Sanskrit पुष्यति (puṣyati, “to thrive, prosper”). (< φυσ- (phus-)).
Despite the existence of all this Indo-European material, the word may well have a Pre-Greek origin, based on the suffix of the derivative φῦσιγξ (phûsinx, “heel blister”), as well as the lack of solid evidence for a Proto-Indo-European *bʰus-. Regardless, the words mentioned above, as well as the Greek term, may have onomatopoeic origins.


ῥυτήρ

grc-noun

ῥῡτήρ • (rhūtḗr) m (genitive ῥῡτῆρος); third declension

ῥῡτήρ (canonical)
rhūtḗr (romanization)
ῥῡτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ῥῡτήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥῡτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῡτῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῡτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῡτῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῡτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῡτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhūtêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhūtêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῥῡτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥῡτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥῡτήρ (singular vocative)
ῥῡτῆρε (dual vocative)
ῥῡτῆρες (plural vocative)

From ἐρύω (erúō, “to protect, guard”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).


ὑποστόμια

grc-noun

ὑποστόμῐᾰ • (hupostómĭă) n pl (genitive ὑποστομῐ́ων); second declension

ὑποστόμῐᾰ (canonical)
hupostómĭă (romanization)
ὑποστομῐ́ων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ ὑποστόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν ὑποστομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τοῖς ὑποστομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ ὑποστόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑποστόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὑπο- (hupo-, “under, below”) + στόμιον (stómion, “bridle, bit”).


ῥυταγωγεύς

grc-noun

ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς • (rhūtăgōgeús) m (genitive ῥῡτᾰγωγέως); third declension

ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς (canonical)
rhūtăgōgeús (romanization)
ῥῡτᾰγωγέως (genitive)
ὁ ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆς (nominative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῡτᾰγωγέως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτᾰγωγέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῡτᾰγωγέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτᾰγωγέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhūtăgōgeûsĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhūtăgōgeûsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ῥῡτᾰγωγέᾱ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥῡτᾰγωγέᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦ (singular vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (dual vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγῆς (plural vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖς (plural vocative)

From ῥυτά (rhutá, “reins”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “guide, escort”) + -εύς (-eús, masculine agentive suffix).


στόμιον

grc-noun

στόμῐον • (stómĭon) n (genitive στομῐ́ου); second declension

στόμῐον (canonical)
stómĭon (romanization)
στομῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ στόμῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ στομῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στομῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στομῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ στομῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στομῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ στόμῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ στομῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
στόμῐον (singular vocative)
στομῐ́ω (dual vocative)
στόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From στόμα (stóma, “mouth”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


φάλαρον

grc-noun

φᾰ́λᾰρον • (phắlăron) n (genitive φᾰλᾰ́ρου); second declension

φᾰ́λᾰρον (canonical)
phắlăron (romanization)
φᾰλᾰ́ρου (genitive)
τὸ φᾰ́λᾰρον (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰλᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰλᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰλᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰλᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́λᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰ́λᾰρον (singular vocative)
φᾰλᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: phalera

From φάλος (phálos, “crest of a helmet”).


ἔποχον

ἔποχον • (épokhon) n (genitive ἐπόχου); second declension

épokhon (romanization)
ἐπόχου (genitive)
τὸ ἔποχον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπόχω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔποχᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐπόχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπόχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπόχων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐπόχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπόχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐπόχοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἔποχον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπόχω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔποχᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔποχον (singular vocative)
ἐπόχω (dual vocative)
ἔποχᾰ (plural vocative)

Neutral form of ἔποχος (épokhos, “having a good seat on horseback”).


δέρτρον

δέρτρον • (dértron) n (genitive δέρτρου); second declension

dértron (romanization)
δέρτρου (genitive)
τὸ δέρτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δέρτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δέρτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δέρτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δέρτροις (dative plural)
τὸ δέρτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (accusative plural)
δέρτρον (singular vocative)
δέρτρω (dual vocative)
δέρτρᾰ (plural vocative)

From δέρω (dérō, “to skin, flay”) + -τρον (-tron).

suffix

omentum, membrane which contains the bowels


ὠμοπλάτη

grc-noun

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη • (ōmoplắtē) f (genitive ὠμοπλᾰ́της); first declension

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (canonical)
ōmoplắtē (romanization)
ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive)
ἡ ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠμοπλᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠμοπλᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠμοπλᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠμοπλᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (singular vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: ωμοπλάτη (omopláti)

From ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + πλάτη (plátē, “flat object”).

compound

shoulder blade, scapula, also of animals


ἐχήνια

grc-noun

ἐχήνῐᾰ • (ekhḗnĭă) n pl (genitive ἐχηνῐ́ων); second declension

ἐχήνῐᾰ (canonical)
ekhḗnĭă (romanization)
ἐχηνῐ́ων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ ἐχήνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν ἐχηνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τοῖς ἐχηνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ ἐχήνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐχήνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἔχω (ékhō, “to hold”) + ἡνία (hēnía, “bridle”).


μούσμων

grc-noun

μούσμων • (moúsmōn) m (genitive μούσμονος); third declension

moúsmōn (romanization)
μούσμονος (genitive)
ὁ μούσμων (nominative singular)
τὼ μούσμονε (dual nominative)
οἱ μούσμονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μούσμονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μουσμόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μουσμόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ μούσμονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μουσμόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μούσμοσῐ (dative plural)
μούσμοσῐν (dative plural)
toîs moúsmosĭ (dative plural)
toîs moúsmosĭn (dative plural)
τὸν μούσμονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μούσμονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μούσμονᾰς (accusative plural)
μοῦσμον (singular vocative)
μούσμονε (dual vocative)
μούσμονες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: musimō

Borrowed from a non-Indo-European, possibly Pre-Greek, substrate language.


παραφυάς

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς • (părăphŭắs) f (genitive πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος); third declension

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (canonical)
părăphŭắs (romanization)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

From παραφύω (paraphúō, “to grow beside”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).

suffix

any side-growth, hence:
(botany) offshoot, sucker

any side-growth, hence:
offshoot, sucker

any side-growth, hence:
(zoology) branch of an animal's vein

any side-growth, hence:
branch of an animal's vein

any side-growth, hence:
certain appendages in lobsters

any side-growth, hence:
(figuratively) branch of a discussion

any side-growth, hence:
branch of a discussion


κάδουσα

head

κάδουσα • (kádousa)

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek. For the suffix, compare ἄγχουσα (ánkhousa), αἴθουσα (aíthousa) and νήθουσα (nḗthousa).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: εἶδος σταφυλῆς (eîdos staphulês, literally “kind of grape”).


βουκράνιον

grc-noun

βουκρᾱ́νῐον • (boukrā́nĭon) n (genitive βουκρᾱνῐ́ου); second declension

βουκρᾱ́νῐον (canonical)
boukrā́nĭon (romanization)
βουκρᾱνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουκρᾱνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουκρᾱνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουκρᾱνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουκρᾱνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βουκρᾱ́νῐον (singular vocative)
βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: būcrānium

→ Catalan: bucrani

→ English: bucranium

→ Italian: bucranio

From of βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + κρᾱνίον (krāníon, “cranium, head”).

compound

(medicine) machine for reducing dislocations


τρίβολος

grc-noun

τρίβολος • (tríbolos) m (genitive τρῑ́βόλου); second declension

tríbolos (romanization)
τρῑ́βόλου (genitive)
ὁ τρῑ́βολος (nominative singular)
τὼ τρῑβόλω (dual nominative)
οἱ τρῑ́βολοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρῑβόλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρῑβόλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρῑβόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρῑβόλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρῑβόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρῑβόλοις (dative plural)
τὸν τρῑ́βολον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρῑβόλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρῑβόλους (accusative plural)
τρῑ́βολε (singular vocative)
τρῑβόλω (dual vocative)
τρῑ́βολοι (plural vocative)

→ Aramaic:

desc

Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܐܛܪ̈ܘܒܝܠܐ

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: טַּרְבָּל (ṭarbāl), טּוּרְבִּיל (ṭurbīl)

Borrowed from Latin trībulum (“threshing sledge”).


κάδυρος

head

κάδυρος • (káduros)

Von Blumenthal connected the word with κεκαδών (kekadṓn, “to draw back, retire”), but this seems improbable. According to Beekes, the element υρ- rather points to Pre-Greek

Hesychius' gives the definition as: κάπρος ἔνορχις (kápros énorkhis, literally “uncastrated boar”).


κέλης

grc-noun

κέλης • (kélēs) m (genitive κέλητος); third declension

kélēs (romanization)
κέλητος (genitive)
ὁ κέλης (nominative singular)
τὼ κέλητε (dual nominative)
οἱ κέλητες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κέλητος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κελήτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κελήτων (genitive plural)
τῷ κέλητῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κελήτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κέλησῐ (dative plural)
κέλησῐν (dative plural)
toîs kélēsĭ (dative plural)
toîs kélēsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν κέλητᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κέλητε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κέλητᾰς (accusative plural)
κέλης (singular vocative)
κέλητε (dual vocative)
κέλητες (plural vocative)

Greek: κέλητας (kélitas)

→ Latin: celēs

Perhaps a derivation in -ητ- from κέλομαι (kélomai, “to incite”), or directly from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“fast, swift”).


λάμος

head

λάμος • (lámos)

Probably from the same Pre-Greek root of λαιμός (laimós, “throat, gullet”) and λαμυρός (lamurós, “full of abysses; gluttonous”).

according to a scholium of Horace, this word means: ingluvies (“crop of birds”).


βρύον

grc-noun

βρῠ́ον • (brŭ́on) n (genitive βρῠ́ου); second declension

βρῠ́ον (canonical)
brŭ́on (romanization)
βρῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βρῠ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρῠ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βρῠ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρῠ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
βρῠ́ον (singular vocative)
βρῠ́ω (dual vocative)
βρῠ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: bryon

→ Translingual: Bryum

From βρύω (brúō, “to abound, grow luxuriantly”).


ὑπόζωμα

ὑπόζωμᾰ • (hupózōmă) n (genitive ὑποζώμᾰτος); third declension

ὑπόζωμᾰ (canonical)
hupózōmă (romanization)
ὑποζώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ὑπόζωμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑποζώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὑποζώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑποζωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑποζωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ὑποζώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑποζωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὑποζώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ὑποζώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hupozṓmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs hupozṓmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ὑπόζωμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑποζώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑπόζωμᾰ (singular vocative)
ὑποζώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὑποζώννῡμι (hupozṓnnūmi, “to undergird; brace a ship”) + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).


χλωρίς

grc-noun

χλωρῐ́ς • (khlōrĭ́s) f (genitive χλωρῐ́δος); third declension

χλωρῐ́ς (canonical)
khlōrĭ́s (romanization)
χλωρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ χλωρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ χλωρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς χλωρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χλωρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ χλωρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χλωρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
χλωρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs khlōrĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs khlōrĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν χλωρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χλωρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
χλωρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
χλωρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
χλωρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: χλώρι (chlóri), φλώρι (flóri)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فلوریه (florya)
Turkish: florya
→ Armenian: ֆիլօռյա (filōṙya)

→ Translingual: Chloris

From χλωρός (khlōrós, “green”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

Chloris chloris
Chloris chloris#Translingual


ἱππολειχήν

grc-noun

ἱππολειχῆνος

ἱππολειχήν • (hippoleikhḗn) m (genitive ἱππολειχῆνος); third declension

hippoleikhḗn (romanization)
ἱππολειχῆνος (genitive)
ὁ ἱππολειχήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱππολειχῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἱππολειχῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱππολειχῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱππολειχήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱππολειχήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱππολειχῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱππολειχήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱππολειχῆσῐ (dative plural)
ἱππολειχῆσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hippoleikhêsĭ (dative plural)
toîs hippoleikhêsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἱππολειχῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱππολειχῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἱππολειχῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἱππολειχήν (singular vocative)
ἱππολειχῆνε (dual vocative)
ἱππολειχῆνες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἱππολειχῆνος

From ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + λειχήν (leikhḗn, “liverwort”).


πλεκτάνη

grc-noun

πλεκτᾰ́νη • (plektắnē) f (genitive πλεκτᾰ́νης); first declension

πλεκτᾰ́νη (canonical)
plektắnē (romanization)
πλεκτᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ πλεκτᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πλεκτᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς πλεκτᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλεκτᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλεκτᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πλεκτᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλεκτᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλεκτᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν πλεκτᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλεκτᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
πλεκτᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
πλεκτᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

Greek: πλεκτάνη (plektáni)

From πλέκω (plékō, “to plait, twine”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ắnē, nominal suffix).


μύκλος

grc-noun

μῠ́κλος • (mŭ́klos) m (genitive μῠ́κλου); second declension

μῠ́κλος (canonical)
mŭ́klos (romanization)
μῠ́κλου (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́κλος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κλω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́κλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́κλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́κλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠ́κλων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́κλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́κλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́κλοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́κλον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́κλους (accusative plural)
μῠ́κλε (singular vocative)
μῠ́κλω (dual vocative)
μῠ́κλοι (plural vocative)

This word has been connected to μύκλα (múkla, “black stripe on the neck and feet of the ass”), μυχλός (mukhlós, “Phoenician word for stallion ass”) and Latin mūlus (“mule”). As the breeding of mules originates from Pontic Asia Minor, Frisk remarks that we are probably dealing with a Wanderwort. However, Beekes does not agree with this and claims that the variants prove a Pre-Greek origin, while Furnée thinks that this word must be separated from the others.


λωγάνιον

λωγᾰ́νῐον • (lōgắnĭon) n (genitive λωγᾰνῐ́ου); second declension

λωγᾰ́νῐον (canonical)
lōgắnĭon (romanization)
λωγᾰνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λωγᾰ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ λωγᾰνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λωγᾰνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λωγᾰνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λωγᾰνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λωγᾰνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λωγᾰνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λωγᾰνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λωγᾰ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ λωγᾰνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λωγᾰ́νῐον (singular vocative)
λωγᾰνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g- (“weak, faint”), the same root of λαγαίω (lagaíō, “to release”) and λαγαρός (lagarós, “slack, loose”); intermediate forms, such as *λώγανον (*lṓganon), *λώγη (*lṓgē), cannot be determined, however.


ἀκροκώλιον

grc-noun

ἀκροκώλῐον • (akrokṓlĭon) n (genitive ἀκροκωλῐ́ου); second declension

ἀκροκώλῐον (canonical)
akrokṓlĭon (romanization)
ἀκροκωλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἀκροκώλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀκροκωλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκροκωλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκροκωλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀκροκωλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκροκωλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀκροκωλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀκροκώλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀκροκώλῐον (singular vocative)
ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἄκρος (ákros, “topmost, outmost”) + κῶλον (kôlon, “limb”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

(mostly in the plural, of animals) extremities of the body, especially snout, ears, trotters


ἔβρος

grc-noun

ἔβρος • (ébros) m (genitive ἔβρου); second declension

ébros (romanization)
ἔβρου (genitive)
ὁ ἔβρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔβρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἔβροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔβρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἔβροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἔβρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔβρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἔβροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔβροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἔβρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔβρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἔβρους (accusative plural)
ἔβρε (singular vocative)
ἔβρω (dual vocative)
ἔβροι (plural vocative)

unk

No etymology


τιτθός

grc-noun

τῐτθός • (tĭtthós) m (genitive τῐτθοῦ); second declension

τῐτθός (canonical)
tĭtthós (romanization)
τῐτθοῦ (genitive)
ὁ τῐτθός (nominative singular)
τὼ τῐτθώ (dual nominative)
οἱ τῐτθοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῐτθοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῐτθοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῐτθῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ τῐτθῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῐτθοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῐτθοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν τῐτθόν (accusative singular)
τὼ τῐτθώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῐτθούς (accusative plural)
τῐτθέ (singular vocative)
τῐτθώ (dual vocative)
τῐτθοί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”). Compare τίτθη (títthē, “wet nurse”), θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”), θηλή (thēlḗ, “teat”), θεῖος (theîos, “uncle”), τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”) and τιθήνη (tithḗnē, “wet nurse”).

der

(anatomy) breast, especially a woman's breast


καβάλλης

grc-noun

κᾰβᾰ́λλης • (kăbắllēs) m (genitive κᾰβᾰ́λλου); first declension

κᾰβᾰ́λλης (canonical)
kăbắllēs (romanization)
κᾰβᾰ́λλου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰβᾰ́λλης (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰβᾰ́λλαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰβᾰ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰβᾰ́λλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰβᾰλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰβᾰ́λλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰβᾰ́λλαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰβᾰ́λλαις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰβᾰ́λλην (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰβᾰ́λλη (singular vocative)
κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰβᾰ́λλαι (plural vocative)

Like Latin caballus (“pack-horse”), is an Asiatic loan or Wanderwort. It has been compared with Proto-Slavic *kobýla (“mare”) and Persian کول (kaval, “second class horse of mixed blood”). Maybe borrowed from Proto-Iranian *kabah, *kabalah, compare Khotanese [script needed] (kabä, “horse”), and possibly cognate with Latin cabō (“gelding”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kebʰ- (“worn-out horse, nag”).


πρατήνιον

grc-noun

πρᾰτήνῐον • (prătḗnĭon) n (genitive πρᾰτηνῐ́ου); second declension

πρᾰτήνῐον (canonical)
prătḗnĭon (romanization)
πρᾰτηνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ πρᾰτήνῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ πρᾰτηνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πρᾰτήνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρᾰτηνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρᾰτηνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρᾰτηνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πρᾰτηνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρᾰτηνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρᾰτηνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πρᾰτήνῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ πρᾰτηνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πρᾰτήνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
πρᾰτήνῐον (singular vocative)
πρᾰτηνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πρᾰτήνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Unknown. According to Solmsen, of Anatolian origin.


ψίθιος

ψῐ́θῐος (canonical)
psĭ́thĭos (romanization)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter)
ψῐ́θῐος (masculine nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine nominative singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter nominative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (feminine genitive singular)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dual feminine genitive)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive neuter plural)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾳ (dative feminine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́αις (dative feminine plural)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱν (accusative feminine singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ους (accusative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐε (masculine singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine singular vocative)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter vocative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Unknown. Probably Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.


δέλφαξ

δέλφᾰξ • (délphăx) f (genitive δέλφᾰκος); third declension

δέλφᾰξ (canonical)
délphăx (romanization)
δέλφᾰκος (genitive)
ἡ δέλφᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ δέλφᾰκε (dual nominative)
αἱ δέλφᾰκες (nominative plural)
τῆς δέλφᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δελφᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δελφᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ δέλφᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δελφᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δέλφᾰξῐ (dative plural)
δέλφᾰξῐν (dative plural)
taîs délphăxĭ (dative plural)
taîs délphăxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν δέλφᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δέλφᾰκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δέλφᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
δέλφᾰξ (singular vocative)
δέλφᾰκε (dual vocative)
δέλφᾰκες (plural vocative)

For the suffix, compare κόραξ (kórax, “crow”) and σκύλαξ (skúlax, “puppy”). From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”), the same root of δελφύς (delphús, “womb”), δολφός (dolphós, “womb”) and δελφίς (delphís, “dolphin”).


ὑστάς

head

ὑστάς • (hustás)

Probably a dialectal Cypriot form of συστάς (sustás, “vines planted closely”), which derives from συνίστημι (sunístēmi, “to put together, organize, frame”). See also ὑστάδα (hustáda, “densely planted vine”).

Hesychius gives the definition as: παστάς ἀμπέλων (pastás ampélōn, literally “row of vines”).