σταφυλῖνος

grc-noun

στᾰφῠλῖνος • (staphulînos) m (genitive στᾰφῠλῑ́νου); second declension

στᾰφῠλῖνος (canonical)
staphulînos (romanization)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ στᾰφῠλῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ στᾰφῠλῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στᾰφῠλῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ στᾰφῠλῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στᾰφῠλῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν στᾰφῠλῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στᾰφῠλῑ́νους (accusative plural)
στᾰφῠλῖνε (singular vocative)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual vocative)
στᾰφῠλῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σταφυλίνος (stafylínos)

Armenian:

→ Middle Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

→ Georgian: სტაფილო (sṭapilo)

→ Latin: staphylīnus

Semitic:

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܦܠܝܢ (ʾesṭap̄līn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

From στᾰφῠλή (staphulḗ, “grape”) + -ῖνος (-înos).


σταφυλή

grc-noun

σταφυλή • (staphulḗ) f (genitive σταφυλῆς); first declension

staphulḗ (romanization)
σταφυλῆς (genitive)
ἡ σταφυλή (nominative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σταφυλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σταφυλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σταφυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σταφυλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σταφυλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σταφυλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σταφυλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σταφυλή (singular vocative)
σταφυλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σταφυλαί (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ Byzantine Greek: σταφύλιον (staphúlion)

Greek: σταφύλι (stafýli)

Though traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to be stiff; post”) (compare Sanskrit स्तम्भ (stambha, “pillar”), Old English stæf (“staff”)) via an assumed intermediate sense “stem”, according to Beekes, the word is clearly Pre-Greek, along with the related στέμφυλα (stémphula, “bunch of (pressed) olives or grapes”) and ἀσταφίς (astaphís, “dried grapes”). It must be noted that the usual Avar word for “grape” is цӏибил (cʼibil) and is internally derived in Caucasian.


ἄμπελος

grc-noun

ἄμπελος • (ámpelos) f (genitive ἀμπέλου); second declension

ámpelos (romanization)
ἀμπέλου (genitive)
ἡ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀμπέλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀμπέλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀμπέλους (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)
ᾱ̓ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἰ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τᾶς ἀμπέλω (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τᾶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τᾶ ἀμπέλω (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοισῐ (dative plural)
ἀμπέλοισῐν (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisi (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisin (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)

Greek: άμπελος (ámpelos)

→ Latin: ampelos

Difficult to explain as an inherited Indo-European word and usually considered to be a Pre-Greek/substrate word. Compare also Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple”).

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.181

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 3.17.4

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.110

620 BCE – 500 BCE, Alcaeus of Mytilene, Collected Works 44

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.195

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.4.11

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.90

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 7.2

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 9.52


οἰνάνθη

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).

Oenanthe oenanthe
Oenanthe oenanthe#Translingual


ῥάξ

ῥᾱ́ξ • (rhā́x) f (genitive ῥᾱγός); third declension

ῥᾱ́ξ (canonical)
rhā́x (romanization)
ῥᾱγός (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱ́ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾶγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱξῐ́ (dative plural)
ῥᾱξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs rhāxí (dative plural)
taîs rhāxín (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾶγᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱ́ξ (singular vocative)
ῥᾶγε (dual vocative)
ῥᾶγες (plural vocative)

Greek: ρώγα (róga)

The word is a reminiscent of ῥάματα (rhámata, “bunch of grapes”), as well as of Latin racēmus (“bunch of grapes”), Sanskrit रजनी (rajanī, “grape, lac”), Persian رز (raz, “vine”) and Albanian rrush (“grape”).


κλῆμα

κλῆμᾰ • (klêma) n (genitive κλήμᾰτος); third declension

κλῆμᾰ (canonical)
klêma (romanization)
κλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs klḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήμα (klíma)

Connected with κλάω (kláō, “to break”), but the meaning doesn't fit a sprout. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


κάδουσα

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κάδουσα • (kádousa)

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek. For the suffix, compare ἄγχουσα (ánkhousa), αἴθουσα (aíthousa) and νήθουσα (nḗthousa).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: εἶδος σταφυλῆς (eîdos staphulês, literally “kind of grape”).


χλωρίς

grc-noun

χλωρῐ́ς • (khlōrís) f (genitive χλωρῐ́δος); third declension

χλωρῐ́ς (canonical)
khlōrís (romanization)
χλωρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ χλωρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ χλωρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς χλωρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χλωρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ χλωρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χλωρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
χλωρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs khlōrísi (dative plural)
taîs khlōrísin (dative plural)
τὴν χλωρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χλωρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
χλωρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
χλωρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
χλωρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: χλώρι (chlóri), φλώρι (flóri)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فلوریه (florya)
Turkish: florya
→ Armenian: ֆիլօռյա (filōṙya)

→ Translingual: Chloris

From χλωρός (khlōrós, “green”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).

Chloris chloris
Chloris chloris#Translingual


ψίθιος

ψῐ́θῐος (canonical)
psíthios (romanization)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter)
ψῐ́θῐος (masculine nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine nominative singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter nominative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (feminine genitive singular)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dual feminine genitive)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive neuter plural)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾳ (dative feminine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́αις (dative feminine plural)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱν (accusative feminine singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ους (accusative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐε (masculine singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine singular vocative)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter vocative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Unknown. Probably Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.


ὑστάς

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ὑστάς • (hustás)

Probably a dialectal Cypriot form of συστάς (sustás, “vines planted closely”), which derives from συνίστημι (sunístēmi, “to put together, organize, frame”). See also ὑστάδα (hustáda, “densely planted vine”).

Hesychius gives the definition as: παστάς ἀμπέλων (pastás ampélōn, literally “row of vines”).


στέμφυλον

grc-noun

στέμφῠλον • (stémphulon) n (genitive στεμφῠ́λου); second declension

στέμφῠλον (canonical)
stémphulon (romanization)
στεμφῠ́λου (genitive)
τὸ στέμφῠλον (nominative singular)
τὼ στεμφῠ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στέμφῠλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στεμφῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στεμφῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στεμφῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ στεμφῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στεμφῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στεμφῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ στέμφῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ στεμφῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στέμφῠλᾰ (accusative plural)
στέμφῠλον (singular vocative)
στεμφῠ́λω (dual vocative)
στέμφῠλᾰ (plural vocative)

The entry by Beekes in his Etymological Dictionary of Greek reads (in paraphrase):
"A full-grade variant of σταφυλή (staphulḗ, “grape”). No further etymology; perhaps Pre-Greek, if the -μ- is interpreted as prenasalization. This word has also been connected with the verb στέμβω (stémbō, “to shake about, agitate”)."

mass of olives from which the oil has been pressed


ἀσταφίς

ἀστᾰφίς • (astaphís) f (genitive ἀστᾰφίδος); third declension

ἀστᾰφίς (canonical)
astaphís (romanization)
ἀστᾰφίδος (genitive)
ἡ ἀ̆στᾰφί̆ς (nominative singular)
τῆς ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τῇ ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τὴν ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ἀ̆στᾰφί̆ς (singular vocative)

Koine Greek: σταφίς (staphís)

Greek: σταφίδα (stafída)

A nominal formation in -ῐς (-is) from the root of σταφυλή (staphulḗ, “bunch of grapes”), of Pre-Greek origin.