μαστός

grc-noun

μᾰστός • (măstós) m (genitive μᾰστοῦ); second declension

μᾰστός (canonical)
măstós (romanization)
μᾰστοῦ (genitive)
ὁ μᾰστός (nominative singular)
τὼ μᾰστώ (dual nominative)
οἱ μᾰστοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ μᾰστοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν μᾰστοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν μᾰστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μᾰστῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν μᾰστοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς μᾰστοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν μᾰστόν (accusative singular)
τὼ μᾰστώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μᾰστούς (accusative plural)
μᾰστέ (singular vocative)
μᾰστώ (dual vocative)
μᾰστοί (plural vocative)

→ English: mastos

Perhaps related to μαδάω (madáō, “to be moist”). If so, then from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“wet, glossy, fat, well-fed”).

der

(anatomy) (especially of women) The human breast.

(zootomy, rarely) (of animals) An udder.

(especially of women) The human breast.
(of animals) An udder.


οὖς

grc-noun

οὖς • (oûs) n (genitive ὠτός); third declension

oûs (romanization)
ὠτός (genitive)
τὸ οὖς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὦτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὠτός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὤτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὤτων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὠτῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὤτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὠσῐ́ (dative plural)
ὠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs ōsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸ οὖς (accusative singular)
τὼ ὦτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὦτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
ὦτε (dual vocative)
ὦτᾰ (plural vocative)
οὖς (nominative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
οὔᾰτος (genitive singular)
οὐάτων (genitive plural)
οὔᾰτῐ (dative singular)
οὔᾰσῐ (dative plural)
οὔᾰσῐν (dative plural)
ὠσί (dative plural)
ὠσίν (dative plural)
oúăsĭ (dative plural)
oúăsĭn (dative plural)
ōsí (dative plural)
ōsín (dative plural)
οὖς (accusative singular)
οὔᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖς (singular vocative)
οὔᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

οὔᾰσῐ(ν), ὠσί(ν)

Koine Greek: ὠτίον (ōtíon), ὠτία (ōtía)

Byzantine Greek: ἀφτίον (aphtíon), ἀφτία (aphtía)

Greek: αφτί (aftí), αυτί (aftí)

Mariupol Greek: фты (fty)

→ English: oto-, ot-

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”). Cognate with Old English ēare (English ear), Latin auris, Old Armenian ունկն (unkn), Old Church Slavonic оухо (uxo), and Old Irish áu.


πτερόν

grc-noun

πτερόν • (pterón) n (genitive πτεροῦ); second declension

pterón (romanization)
πτεροῦ (genitive)
τὸ πτερόν (nominative singular)
τὼ πτερώ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτερᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτεροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτεροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πτερῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτεροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτεροῖς (dative plural)
τὸ πτερόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πτερώ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτερᾰ́ (accusative plural)
πτερόν (singular vocative)
πτερώ (dual vocative)
πτερᾰ́ (plural vocative)

Greek: φτερό (fteró)

→ English: ptero-

French: hélicoptère

From Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather”). Related to πέτομαι (pétomai, “I fly”), as well as to English feather.


πτέρυξ

πτέρῠξ • (ptérŭx) f (genitive πτέρῠγος); third declension

πτέρῠξ (canonical)
ptérŭx (romanization)
πτέρῠγος (genitive)
ἡ πτέρῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πτέρῠγε (dual nominative)
αἱ πτέρῠγες (nominative plural)
τῆς πτέρῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτερῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ πτέρῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτερῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πτέρῠξῐ (dative plural)
πτέρῠξῐν (dative plural)
taîs ptérŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs ptérŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πτέρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πτέρῠγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πτέρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
πτέρῠξ (singular vocative)
πτέρῠγε (dual vocative)
πτέρῠγες (plural vocative)

Greek: πτέρυγα (ptéryga)

English: pterygo-, pteryg-

Connected with πτερόν (pterón, “feather”), but with an unexplained suffix.

anything like a wing:
(zootomy, in the plural) fins, flippers

broad edge of a sword or axe; (zootomy) beak of a swordfish


νύμφη

νῠ́μφη • (nŭ́mphē) f (genitive νῠ́μφης); first declension

νῠ́μφη (canonical)
nŭ́mphē (romanization)
νῠ́μφης (genitive)
ἡ νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
τῆς νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
τὴν νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
τὼ νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)
νῠ́μφη (nominative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual nominative)
νῠ́μφαι (nominative plural)
νῠ́μφης (genitive singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dual genitive)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphain (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphaiĭn (dual genitive)
nŭ́mphēiĭn (dual genitive)
νῠμφᾱ́ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφέ͜ων (genitive plural)
νῠμφῶν (genitive plural)
νῠ́μφῃ (dative singular)
νῠ́μφαιν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφαιῐν (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃῐν (dative dual)
nŭ́mphain (dative dual)
nŭ́mphaiĭn (dative dual)
nŭ́mphēiĭn (dative dual)
νῠ́μφῃσῐ (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃσῐν (dative plural)
νῠ́μφῃς (dative plural)
νῠ́μφαις (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēisĭ (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēisĭn (dative plural)
nŭ́mphēis (dative plural)
nŭ́mphais (dative plural)
νῠ́μφην (accusative singular)
νῠ́μφᾱ (accusative dual)
νῠ́μφᾱς (accusative plural)
νῠ́μφη (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾰ (singular vocative)
νῠ́μφᾱ (dual vocative)
νῠ́μφαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

νῠ́μφη, νῠ́μφᾰ

desc

Greek: νύμφη (nýmfi, “nymph; bride”), νύφη (nýfi, “bride; in-law”)

Mariupol Greek: нимф (nimf, “fairy”), ныф (nyf, “bride; in-law”)

→ Latin: lympha, nympha (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: ни́мфа (nímfa)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), and compared with Latin nūbō (“to marry”) (whence English nubile). However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, as the preceding theory does not explain the origin of the inner nasal -μ- (-m-); others including Kretschmer have also argued for substrate origin, comparing the proper name Νυμφασία (Numphasía).

der

(anatomy) hollow between the lower lip and the chin

(zootomy) depression on the shoulder of a horse


κεραία

grc-noun

κεραίᾱ • (keraíā) f (genitive κεραίᾱς); first declension

κεραίᾱ (canonical)
keraíā (romanization)
κεραίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κεραίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κεραῖαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κεραίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεραιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κεραίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεραίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κεραίαις (dative plural)
τὴν κεραίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κεραίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κεραίᾱς (accusative plural)
κεραίᾱ (singular vocative)
κεραίᾱ (dual vocative)
κεραῖαι (plural vocative)

From κέρας (kéras, “horn”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā).

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
(nautical) yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
yardarm

anything projecting like a horn, hence:
projecting parts of the huckle bone

(anatomy) supposed teat-like projections inside the womb


κιθάρα

κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ • (kĭthắrā) f (genitive κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς); first declension

κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (canonical)
kĭthắrā (romanization)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κῐθᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐθᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐθᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κῐθᾰ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐθᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῐθᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν κῐθᾰ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῐθᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
κῐθᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cithara (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Aramaic: קיתרא (qīṯārā), ܩܝܬܪܐ (qīṯārā)
→ Arabic: قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: կիթառ (kitʻaṙ), կեթառ (ketʻaṙ)
→ Armenian: կիթառ (kitʻaṙ) (learned)

→ Bulgarian: китара (kitára)

According to Beekes, acquired from Pre-Greek. Said Pre-Greek term may be ultimately derived from or at least related to Proto-Hurro-Urartian *kinnar (“lyre, harp”).


οὖθαρ

grc-noun

οὖθᾰρ • (oûthăr) n (genitive οὔθᾰτος); third declension

οὖθᾰρ (canonical)
oûthăr (romanization)
οὔθᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ οὖθᾰρ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὔθᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ οὔθᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ οὔθᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐθᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐθᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ οὔθᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐθᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς οὔθᾰσῐ (dative plural)
οὔθᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs oúthăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs oúthăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ οὖθᾰρ (accusative singular)
τὼ οὔθᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ οὔθᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
οὖθᾰρ (singular vocative)
οὔθᾰτε (dual vocative)
οὔθᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥. Cognates include Vedic Sanskrit ऊधर् (ū́dhar), Latin ūber, Old English ūder, and modern English udder.


οὐρά

οὐρᾱ́ • (ourā́) f (genitive οὐρᾶς); first declension

οὐρᾱ́ (canonical)
ourā́ (romanization)
οὐρᾶς (genitive)
ἡ οὐρᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ οὐραί (nominative plural)
τῆς οὐρᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οὐρᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς οὐραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν οὐρᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐρᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οὐρᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
οὐρᾱ́ (singular vocative)
οὐρᾱ́ (dual vocative)
οὐραί (plural vocative)

Greek: ουρά (ourá)

Latin: Ischnura

Translingual: Lagurus

Translingual: Anura

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers- (“tail, butt”) (alternatively reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)), and related to ὄρρος (órrhos, “butt, ass”); see there for more. The connection with οὐραχός (ourakhós, “urachus”), while semantically sound, is phonetically unclear, due to the latter's strange suffix -αχός (-akhós), which has led Beekes to consider a possible Pre-Greek origin for the words (though he still seems to favor Indo-European origin for οὐρά (ourá), at least).

der

(of an army marching) the rear-guard, rear


φάρυγξ

grc-noun

φᾰ́ρῠγξ • (phắrŭnx) f or m (genitive φᾰ́ρῠγος or φᾰ́ρῠγγος); third declension

φᾰ́ρῠγξ (canonical)
phắrŭnx (romanization)
φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive)
φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγες (plural vocative)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠγξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγες (plural vocative)

Greek: φάρυγγας (fáryngas)

→ New Latin: pharynx
→ English: pharynx

→ Italian: faringe

According to Frisk an inherited Indo-European word for “throat, gorge”, cognate to Latin frūmen and Old Armenian երբուծ (erbuc), both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”), but phonetically this is somewhat problematic as the Greek form requires laryngeal metathesis to *bʰr̥Hug-, turning the root disyllabic, for unknown reasons. Alternatively, it could be related to φᾰ́ρᾰγξ (phắrănx, “ravine, cleft, chasm, gully, abyss”) or φᾶρος (phâros, “cloth, cloak”), also of disputed origin.
Beekes pointed out that the prenasalized suffix -ῠγγ- (or -ῠγ-) argues for a Pre-Greek origin. Compare λᾰ́ρῠγξ (lắrŭnx).


σταφυλῖνος

grc-noun

στᾰφῠλῖνος • (stăphŭlînos) m (genitive στᾰφῠλῑ́νου); second declension

στᾰφῠλῖνος (canonical)
stăphŭlînos (romanization)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ στᾰφῠλῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ στᾰφῠλῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στᾰφῠλῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στᾰφῠλῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ στᾰφῠλῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στᾰφῠλῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στᾰφῠλῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν στᾰφῠλῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στᾰφῠλῑ́νους (accusative plural)
στᾰφῠλῖνε (singular vocative)
στᾰφῠλῑ́νω (dual vocative)
στᾰφῠλῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: σταφυλίνος (stafylínos)

Armenian:

→ Middle Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

Armenian: ստեպղին (stepġin)

→ Georgian: სტაფილო (sṭapilo)

→ Latin: staphylīnus

Semitic:

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܣܛܦܠܝܢ (ʾesṭap̄līn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

→ Arabic: إصْطَفْلِين (ʔiṣṭaflīn)

From στᾰφῠλή (stăphŭlḗ, “grape”) + -ῖνος (-înos).


ῥύγχος

grc-noun

ῥῠ́γχος • (rhŭ́nkhos) n (genitive ῥῠ́γχους); third declension

ῥῠ́γχος (canonical)
rhŭ́nkhos (romanization)
ῥῠ́γχους (genitive)
τὸ ῥῠ́γχος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῠ́γχει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥῠ́γχη (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῠ́γχους (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῠγχοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῠγχῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῠ́γχει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῠγχοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῠ́γχεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῠ́γχεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhŭ́nkhesĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhŭ́nkhesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ῥῠ́γχος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῠ́γχει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥῠ́γχη (accusative plural)
ῥῠ́γχος (singular vocative)
ῥῠ́γχει (dual vocative)
ῥῠ́γχη (plural vocative)

Greek: ρύγχος (rýnchos)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srungʰ- and related to Old Armenian ռունգն (ṙungn, “nose”). See also Proto-Celtic *srognā (“nose”).


περόνη

περόνη • (perónē) f (genitive περόνης); first declension

perónē (romanization)
περόνης (genitive)
ἡ περόνη (nominative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ περόναι (nominative plural)
τῆς περόνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περονῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περόνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περόναις (dative plural)
τὴν περόνην (accusative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περόνᾱς (accusative plural)
περόνη (singular vocative)
περόνᾱ (dual vocative)
περόναι (plural vocative)

Greek: περόνη (peróni)

⇒ Koine Greek: περόνιον (perónion)

desc

Byzantine Greek: πιρούνιν (piroúnin), περούνιν (peroúnin)

desctree

Greek: πιρούνι (piroúni)
→ Albanian: pirun
→ Aromanian: pirunã
→ Friulian: piron
→ Ladino: piron
→ Mòcheno: paru'
→ Romanian: piron
→ Serbo-Croatian: pirun / пирун
→ Venetan: piron
→ Cimbrian: pirù
→ Lombard: piron

→ English: perone

From πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, run through”), formed with the pattern of ᾰ̓κόνη (ăkónē, “whetstone, hone”), βελόνη (belónē, “needle”).

(anatomy) radius; (more frequently) fibula, calf bone

(zootomy) ligament below the knee of a horse


χηλή

grc-noun

χηλή • (khēlḗ) f (genitive χηλῆς); first declension

khēlḗ (romanization)
χηλῆς (genitive)
ἡ χηλή (nominative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ χηλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς χηλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ χηλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς χηλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν χηλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ χηλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
χηλή (singular vocative)
χηλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
χηλαί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: chele

→ English: chela

→ Italian: chela

Of unclear origin. Traditionally connected with χηρᾰμός (khērămós, “hole, hollow”), χήμη (khḗmē, “yawning, gaping”), and χάσκω (kháskō, “I yawn, gape”), but the supposed unifying connections are obscure. Compare also χελώνη (khelṓnē, “turtle”), also of unclear origin, which could be related through Pre-Greek if it originally referred to the hard shell.


σταφυλή

σταφυλή • (staphulḗ) f (genitive σταφυλῆς); first declension

staphulḗ (romanization)
σταφυλῆς (genitive)
ἡ σταφυλή (nominative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σταφυλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σταφυλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σταφυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σταφυλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σταφυλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σταφυλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σταφυλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σταφυλή (singular vocative)
σταφυλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σταφυλαί (plural vocative)

desc

⇒ Byzantine Greek: σταφύλιον (staphúlion)

Greek: σταφύλι (stafýli)

Though traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to be stiff; post”) (compare Sanskrit स्तम्भ (stambha, “pillar”), Old English stæf (“staff”)) via an assumed intermediate sense “stem”, according to Beekes, the word is clearly Pre-Greek, along with the related στέμφυλα (stémphula, “bunch of (pressed) olives or grapes”) and ἀσταφίς (astaphís, “dried grapes”). It must be noted that the usual Avar word for “grape” is цӏибил (cʼibil) and is internally derived in Caucasian.


ὁπλή

grc-noun

ὁπλή • (hoplḗ) f (genitive ὁπλῆς); first declension

hoplḗ (romanization)
ὁπλῆς (genitive)
ἡ ὁπλή (nominative singular)
τὼ ὁπλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὁπλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς ὁπλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὁπλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὁπλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὁπλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὁπλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὁπλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν ὁπλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὁπλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὁπλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
ὁπλή (singular vocative)
ὁπλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
ὁπλαί (plural vocative)

Greek: οπλή (oplí)

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad II.536


βράγχιον

βρᾰ́γχῐον • (brắnkhĭon) n (genitive βρᾰγχῐ́ου); second declension

βρᾰ́γχῐον (canonical)
brắnkhĭon (romanization)
βρᾰγχῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βρᾰ́γχῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βρᾰγχῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρᾰγχῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρᾰγχῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρᾰγχῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρᾰγχῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρᾰγχῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρᾰγχῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βρᾰ́γχῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρᾰγχῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βρᾰ́γχῐον (singular vocative)
βρᾰγχῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βρᾰ́γχῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: βράγχιο (vránchio)

desctree

Latin: branchia
→ Catalan: brànquia
→ English: branchia
→ Spanish: branchia
→ French: branchie
Italian: branchia
Sicilian: vranchia

Possible relation to βρόγχος (brónkhos, “trachea, windpipe, throat”), βρογχία (bronkhía, “system of ducts connecting heart with liver”).


ἄμπελος

grc-noun

ἄμπελος • (ámpelos) f (genitive ἀμπέλου); second declension

ámpelos (romanization)
ἀμπέλου (genitive)
ἡ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀμπέλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀμπέλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀμπέλους (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)
ᾱ̓ ἄμπελος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (dual nominative)
αἰ ἄμπελοι (nominative plural)
τᾶς ἀμπέλω (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dual genitive)
τᾶν ἀμπέλων (genitive plural)
τᾶ ἀμπέλω (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοισῐ (dative plural)
ἀμπέλοισῐν (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisĭ (dative plural)
taîs ampéloisĭn (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ν ἄμπελον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀμπέλω (accusative dual)
ταῖς ἀμπέλοις (accusative plural)
ἄμπελε (singular vocative)
ἀμπέλω (dual vocative)
ἄμπελοι (plural vocative)

Greek: άμπελος (ámpelos)

→ Latin: ampelos

Difficult to explain as an inherited Indo-European word and usually considered to be a Pre-Greek/substrate word. Compare also Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple”).

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.181

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 3.17.4

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.110

620 BCE – 500 BCE, Alcaeus of Mytilene, Collected Works 44

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.195

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.4.11

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.90

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 7.2

522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 9.52


κέρκος

κέρκος • (kérkos) f (genitive κέρκου); second declension

kérkos (romanization)
κέρκου (genitive)
ἡ κέρκος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (dual nominative)
αἱ κέρκοι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέρκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κέρκων (genitive plural)
τῇ κέρκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέρκοις (dative plural)
τὴν κέρκον (accusative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέρκους (accusative plural)
κέρκε (singular vocative)
κέρκω (dual vocative)
κέρκοι (plural vocative)

Translingual: ?Cercomacra, Cercopithecus, ?Onchocerca, Ptilocercus (generic names)

English: cysticercus

→ Latin: cercus (New Latin)

→ English: cercus

Of Pre-Greek origin. Compare κερκίς (kerkís).

5th century CE, Hesychius Alexandreus, Συναγωγὴ Πασῶν Λέξεων κατὰ Στοιχεῖον

a small animal that attacks grapevines
Synonym of ἀλεκτρυών (alektruṓn)

ScriptOr 259.21

VAndR e.69E

(Byzantine) a burin (a chisel-like tool used for engraving)


κόμη

κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension

kómē (romanization)
κόμης (genitive)
ἡ κόμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κομῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς (accusative plural)
κόμη (singular vocative)
κόμᾱ (dual vocative)
κόμαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)

Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable. It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”).
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”).

unk

Not explained with certainty


πρόλοβος

grc-noun

πρόλοβος • (prólobos) m (genitive προλόβου); second declension

prólobos (romanization)
προλόβου (genitive)
ὁ πρόλοβος (nominative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (dual nominative)
οἱ πρόλοβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ προλόβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προλόβων (genitive plural)
τῷ προλόβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προλόβοις (dative plural)
τὸν πρόλοβον (accusative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς προλόβους (accusative plural)
πρόλοβε (singular vocative)
προλόβω (dual vocative)
πρόλοβοι (plural vocative)

πρό (pró, “before”) + λοβός (lobós, “lobe”)


μήκων

grc-noun

μήκων • (mḗkōn) f (genitive μήκωνος); third declension

mḗkōn (romanization)
μήκωνος (genitive)
ἡ μήκων (nominative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (dual nominative)
αἱ μήκωνες (nominative plural)
τῆς μήκωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηκώνων (genitive plural)
τῇ μήκωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήκωσῐ (dative plural)
μήκωσῐν (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsĭ (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν μήκωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήκωνᾰς (accusative plural)
μήκων (singular vocative)
μήκωνε (dual vocative)
μήκωνες (plural vocative)

Greek: μήκων (míkon)

English: mecon

Translingual: Arctomecon, Calomecon, Dendromecon, Eomecon, Hesperomecon, Hylomecon, Meconella, Meconopsis, Oreomecon, Stylomecon

→ Old Armenian: մեկոն (mekon)

Cognate with Proto-Slavic *makъ, (Old Church Slavonic макъ (makŭ)) and German Mohn; from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ko-.

Papaver somniferum
Papaver somniferum#Translingual

(anatomy) the part of the ear at the root under the lobe


στόρθυγξ

στόρθῠγξ • (stórthŭnx) m or f (genitive στόρθῠγγος); third declension

στόρθῠγξ (canonical)
stórthŭnx (romanization)
στόρθῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs stórthŭnxĭ (dative plural)
toîs stórthŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)
ἡ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs stórthŭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs stórthŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.


ὄστλιγξ

ὄστλῐγξ • (óstlĭnx) f (genitive ὄστλῐγγος); third declension

ὄστλῐγξ (canonical)
óstlĭnx (romanization)
ὄστλῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ ὄστλῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄστλῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄστλῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄστλῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄστλῐγξῐ (dative plural)
ὄστλῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs óstlĭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs óstlĭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ὄστλῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄστλῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄστλῐγξ (singular vocative)
ὄστλῐγγε (dual vocative)
ὄστλῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to θῶμιγξ (thôminx), ἶλιγξ (îlinx) and στρόφιγξ (stróphinx). The presence of the variant shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.


οἰνάνθη

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).

Oenanthe oenanthe
Oenanthe oenanthe#Translingual


ἀθήρ

ἀθήρ • (athḗr) m (genitive ἀθέρος); third declension

athḗr (romanization)
ἀθέρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀθήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀθέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀθέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀθέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀθέρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀθέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭ (dative plural)
toîs athérsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν ἀθέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀθέρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀθήρ (singular vocative)
ἀθέρε (dual vocative)
ἀθέρες (plural vocative)

Greek: αθέρας (athéras), αθήρ (athír)

Not related to Latin ador (“hulled wheat”) nor to ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). According to Beekes, the nasalized form ἀνθέριξ (anthérix) points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ῥάξ

ῥᾱ́ξ • (rhā́x) f (genitive ῥᾱγός); third declension

ῥᾱ́ξ (canonical)
rhā́x (romanization)
ῥᾱγός (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱ́ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾶγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱξῐ́ (dative plural)
ῥᾱξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs rhāxĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾶγᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱ́ξ (singular vocative)
ῥᾶγε (dual vocative)
ῥᾶγες (plural vocative)

Greek: ρώγα (róga)

The word is a reminiscent of ῥάματα (rhámata, “bunch of grapes”), as well as of Latin racēmus (“bunch of grapes”), Sanskrit रजनी (rajanī, “grape, lac”), Persian رز (raz, “vine”) and Albanian rrush (“grape”).


πήληξ

πήληξ • (pḗlēx) f (genitive πήληκος); third declension

pḗlēx (romanization)
πήληκος (genitive)
ἡ πήληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (dual nominative)
αἱ πήληκες (nominative plural)
τῆς πήληκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πηλήκων (genitive plural)
τῇ πήληκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πηλήκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πήληξῐ (dative plural)
πήληξῐν (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxĭ (dative plural)
taîs pḗlēxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πήληκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πήληκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πήληκᾰς (accusative plural)
πήληξ (singular vocative)
πήληκε (dual vocative)
πήληκες (plural vocative)

The formation is like τράφηξ (tráphēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The suffix "-ηξ" often occurs in Pre-Greek words.


κεκρύφαλος

κεκρύφᾰλος • (kekrúphălos) m (genitive κεκρῠφάλου); second declension

κεκρύφᾰλος (canonical)
kekrúphălos (romanization)
κεκρῠφάλου (genitive)
ὁ κεκρῠ́φᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κεκρῠ́φᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κεκρῠφᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεκρῠφᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεκρῠφᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κεκρῠφᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεκρῠφᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κεκρῠφᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κεκρῠ́φᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κεκρῠφᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
κεκρῠ́φᾰλε (singular vocative)
κεκρῠφᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κεκρῠ́φᾰλοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, undoubtedly of Pre-Greek origin even if traditionally linked to κρύπτω (krúptō, “to hide”).

(zoology) reticulum, the second stomach of ruminants


κλῆμα

κλῆμᾰ • (klêmă) n (genitive κλήμᾰτος); third declension

κλῆμᾰ (canonical)
klêmă (romanization)
κλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ κλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
κλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs klḗmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κλῆμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
κλῆμᾰ (singular vocative)
κλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
κλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κλήμα (klíma)

Traditionally connected with κλάω (kláō, “to break”), but the semantics are tenuous, and there is no evidence for a long α (a) in the former. Thus, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


φυσητήρ

φῡσητήρ • (phūsētḗr) m (genitive φῡσητῆρος); third declension

φῡσητήρ (canonical)
phūsētḗr (romanization)
φῡσητῆρος (genitive)
ὁ φῡσητήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ φῡσητῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φῡσητῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσητήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φῡσητῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡσητήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φῡσητῆρσῐ (dative plural)
φῡσητῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsĭ (dative plural)
toîs phūsētêrsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν φῡσητῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡσητῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φῡσητῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
φῡσητήρ (singular vocative)
φῡσητῆρε (dual vocative)
φῡσητῆρες (plural vocative)

Greek: φυσητήρας (fysitíras)

desctree

→ Latin: physetēr
→ Italian: fisetere m
→ Translingual: Physeter m

From φῡσάω (phūsáō, “to blow”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).


μύτις

grc-noun

μύτῐς • (mútĭs) f (genitive μύτῐδος); third declension

μύτῐς (canonical)
mútĭs (romanization)
μύτῐδος (genitive)
ἡ μῠ́τῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́τῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ μῠ́τῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς μῠ́τῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ μῠ́τῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μῠ́τῐσῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́τῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs mŭ́tĭsĭ (dative plural)
taîs mŭ́tĭsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν μῠ́τῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́τῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μῠ́τῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́τῐς (singular vocative)
μῠ́τῐδε (dual vocative)
μῠ́τῐδες (plural vocative)

Greek: μύτη (mýti)

Of unclear origin. Bailly derives the word from μῡ́ω (mū́ō, “to close, shut”), though the word could perhaps be from Pre-Greek and related to μύσταξ (mústax, “upper lip”).


γαμφηλαί

γᾰμφηλαί • (gămphēlaí) f pl (genitive γᾰμφηλῶν); first declension

γᾰμφηλαί (canonical)
gămphēlaí (romanization)
γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive)
αἱ γᾰμφηλαί (nominative plural)
τῶν γᾰμφηλῶν (genitive plural)
ταῖς γᾰμφηλαῖς (dative plural)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰμφηλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
γᾰμφηλαί (plural vocative)

Generally connected with γόμφος (gómphos, “peg, nail”), but the α-vocalism is problematic. Neither an influence from γαμψός (gampsós, “curved, crooked”) or γναμπτήρ (gnamptḗr, “jaw”) seems to be a sufficient explanation. Pedersen pointed to Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“lip, mouth”). According to Beekes, the word may be Pre-Greek given the suffix -ηλ-, which can be found also in τράχηλος (trákhēlos).


ἤνυστρον

ἤνῠστρον • (ḗnŭstron) n (genitive ἠνῠ́στρου); second declension

ἤνῠστρον (canonical)
ḗnŭstron (romanization)
ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἠνῠ́στρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἠνῠ́στρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἠνῠ́στροις (dative plural)
τὸ ἤνῠστρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ (accusative plural)
ἤνῠστρον (singular vocative)
ἠνῠ́στρω (dual vocative)
ἤνῠστρᾰ (plural vocative)

The formation with ἔν- perhaps arose under the influence of ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) and ἐγκοίλιος (enkoílios, “entrails”), but it is late in any case. Assuming *ϝήνυστρον (*wḗnustron), this word is traditionally connected with Icelandic vinstur (“abomasum”), but it differs regarding the quantity of the first syllable and the color of the intermediate vowel. As a pre-form, *wend-tri- has been assumed, comparing German Wanst (“belly”), Latin venter (“belly”) and Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”). However, a digamma is uncertain, and the connection with these words seems most improbable, as the forms are not well comparable. According to Beekes, the ending in -στρον is Pre-Greek.


προβοσκίς

προβοσκίς • (proboskís) f (genitive προβοσκίδος); third declension

proboskís (romanization)
προβοσκίδος (genitive)
ἡ προβοσκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ προβοσκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς προβοσκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προβοσκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ προβοσκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς προβοσκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
προβοσκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs proboskĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs proboskĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν προβοσκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προβοσκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
προβοσκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: προβοσκίδα (provoskída)

→ Latin: proboscis

From προ- (pro-, “before, in front of”) + βόσκω (bóskō, “I feed, I graze”) + -ις (-is, suffix to form a feminine noun).

affix

(in the plural) tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda

means of providing food
tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda


σήπιον

grc-noun

σήπῐον • (sḗpĭon) n (genitive σηπῐ́ου); second declension

σήπῐον (canonical)
sḗpĭon (romanization)
σηπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σήπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σηπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σηπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σηπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σηπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σήπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σήπῐον (singular vocative)
σηπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σήπῐᾰ (plural vocative)


ῥάμφος

ῥᾰ́μφος • (rhắmphos) n (genitive ῥᾰ́μφεος); third declension

ῥᾰ́μφος (canonical)
rhắmphos (romanization)
ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰμφέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥᾰ́μφεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥᾰ́μφεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhắmphesĭ (dative plural)
toîs rhắmphesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφος (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ράμφος (rámfos)

Next to this word, there are ῥέμφος (rhémphos, “mouth or nose”) and ῥαμψός (rhampsós). The words ῥέμβομαι (rhémbomai, “to turn round, roam”) and ῥόμβος (rhómbos, “wheel”) are phonetically comparable and semantically similar; confront further ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod, wand”) and ῥομφαία (rhomphaía, “Thracian sword”). Germanic words have been compared, like Middle Low German wrimpen (“to turn up one's nose”), but these comparisons are ungrounded. The variation β/ψ rather points to a Pre-Greek origin, as does the α-vocalism. Moreover, ῥαιβός (rhaibós, “crooked”) is probably a variant, showing prenasalization.


φῦσα

grc-noun

φῦσᾰ • (phûsă) f (genitive φῡ́σης); first declension

φῦσᾰ (canonical)
phûsă (romanization)
φῡ́σης (genitive)
ἡ φῦσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῦσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῡ́σης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῡ́σῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῡ́σαις (dative plural)
τὴν φῦσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σᾱς (accusative plural)
φῦσᾰ (singular vocative)
φῡ́σᾱ (dual vocative)
φῦσαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Physostigma

Nominal formation in σᾶ (sâ), with the exact form and origin of the root unclear. Candidates include φυ- (phu-), φυσ- (phus-), φυτ- (phut-), or φυκ- (phuk-), but none of these can be shown to have existed in Greek.
Comparanda include Old Armenian փուք (pʻukʻ, “breath, wind, fart”) (< φυκ-ι̯α (phuk-i̯a); however, φῦσα (phûsa) cannot derive from this form), Sanskrit फूत्करोति (phūtkaroti, “to puff, blow”) (< φυτ-ι̯α (phut-i̯a)), फुफुस (phuphusa, “lungs”), as well as Latin pustula (“bladder”),Classical Persian پوگان (pūgān, “uterus”),Dari پوقانه (pōqāna, “urine bladder”),Iranian Persian پپ (pop, “lung (Qaenī dialect)”), Old Church Slavonic пухати (puxati, “to blow”), Sanskrit पुष्यति (puṣyati, “to thrive, prosper”). (< φυσ- (phus-)).
Despite the existence of all this Indo-European material, the word may well have a Pre-Greek origin, based on the suffix of the derivative φῦσιγξ (phûsinx, “heel blister”), as well as the lack of solid evidence for a Proto-Indo-European *bʰus-. Regardless, the words mentioned above, as well as the Greek term, may have onomatopoeic origins.


δέρτρον

grc-noun

δέρτρον • (dértron) n (genitive δέρτρου); second declension

dértron (romanization)
δέρτρου (genitive)
τὸ δέρτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δέρτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δέρτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δέρτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δέρτροις (dative plural)
τὸ δέρτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (accusative plural)
δέρτρον (singular vocative)
δέρτρω (dual vocative)
δέρτρᾰ (plural vocative)

From δέρω (dérō, “to skin, flay”) + -τρον (-tron).

suffix

omentum, membrane which contains the bowels


ὠμοπλάτη

grc-noun

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη • (ōmoplắtē) f (genitive ὠμοπλᾰ́της); first declension

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (canonical)
ōmoplắtē (romanization)
ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive)
ἡ ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠμοπλᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠμοπλᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠμοπλᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠμοπλᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (singular vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: ωμοπλάτη (omopláti)

From ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + πλάτη (plátē, “flat object”).

compound

shoulder blade, scapula, also of animals


παραφυάς

grc-noun

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς • (părăphŭắs) f (genitive πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος); third declension

πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (canonical)
părăphŭắs (romanization)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭ (dative plural)
taîs părăphŭắsĭn (dative plural)
τὴν πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
πᾰρᾰφῠᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

From παραφύω (paraphúō, “to grow beside”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ắs).

suffix

any side-growth, hence:
(botany) offshoot, sucker

any side-growth, hence:
offshoot, sucker

any side-growth, hence:
(zoology) branch of an animal's vein

any side-growth, hence:
branch of an animal's vein

any side-growth, hence:
certain appendages in lobsters

any side-growth, hence:
(figuratively) branch of a discussion

any side-growth, hence:
branch of a discussion


κάδουσα

head

κάδουσα • (kádousa)

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek. For the suffix, compare ἄγχουσα (ánkhousa), αἴθουσα (aíthousa) and νήθουσα (nḗthousa).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: εἶδος σταφυλῆς (eîdos staphulês, literally “kind of grape”).


βουκράνιον

grc-noun

βουκρᾱ́νῐον • (boukrā́nĭon) n (genitive βουκρᾱνῐ́ου); second declension

βουκρᾱ́νῐον (canonical)
boukrā́nĭon (romanization)
βουκρᾱνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουκρᾱνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουκρᾱνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουκρᾱνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουκρᾱνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
βουκρᾱ́νῐον (singular vocative)
βουκρᾱνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: būcrānium

→ Catalan: bucrani

→ English: bucranium

→ Italian: bucranio

From of βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + κρᾱνίον (krāníon, “cranium, head”).

compound

(medicine) machine for reducing dislocations


λάμος

head

λάμος • (lámos)

Probably from the same Pre-Greek root of λαιμός (laimós, “throat, gullet”) and λαμυρός (lamurós, “full of abysses; gluttonous”).

according to a scholium of Horace, this word means: ingluvies (“crop of birds”).


ὑπόζωμα

grc-noun

ὑπόζωμᾰ • (hupózōmă) n (genitive ὑποζώμᾰτος); third declension

ὑπόζωμᾰ (canonical)
hupózōmă (romanization)
ὑποζώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ὑπόζωμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑποζώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὑποζώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑποζωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑποζωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ὑποζώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑποζωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὑποζώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ὑποζώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs hupozṓmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs hupozṓmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ὑπόζωμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑποζώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑπόζωμᾰ (singular vocative)
ὑποζώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ὑποζώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὑποζώννῡμι (hupozṓnnūmi, “to undergird; brace a ship”) + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).


χλωρίς

grc-noun

χλωρῐ́ς • (khlōrĭ́s) f (genitive χλωρῐ́δος); third declension

χλωρῐ́ς (canonical)
khlōrĭ́s (romanization)
χλωρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ χλωρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ χλωρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς χλωρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χλωρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ χλωρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χλωρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χλωρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
χλωρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs khlōrĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs khlōrĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν χλωρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χλωρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χλωρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
χλωρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
χλωρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
χλωρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: χλώρι (chlóri), φλώρι (flóri)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فلوریه (florya)
Turkish: florya
→ Armenian: ֆիլօռյա (filōṙya)

→ Translingual: Chloris

From χλωρός (khlōrós, “green”) + -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

Chloris chloris
Chloris chloris#Translingual


πλεκτάνη

grc-noun

πλεκτᾰ́νη • (plektắnē) f (genitive πλεκτᾰ́νης); first declension

πλεκτᾰ́νη (canonical)
plektắnē (romanization)
πλεκτᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ πλεκτᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πλεκτᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς πλεκτᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλεκτᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλεκτᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πλεκτᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλεκτᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλεκτᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν πλεκτᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλεκτᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
πλεκτᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
πλεκτᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
πλεκτᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

Greek: πλεκτάνη (plektáni)

From πλέκω (plékō, “to plait, twine”) + -ᾰ́νη (-ắnē, nominal suffix).


μύκλος

grc-noun

μῠ́κλος • (mŭ́klos) m (genitive μῠ́κλου); second declension

μῠ́κλος (canonical)
mŭ́klos (romanization)
μῠ́κλου (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́κλος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κλω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́κλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́κλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́κλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠ́κλων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́κλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́κλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́κλοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́κλον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́κλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́κλους (accusative plural)
μῠ́κλε (singular vocative)
μῠ́κλω (dual vocative)
μῠ́κλοι (plural vocative)

This word has been connected to μύκλα (múkla, “black stripe on the neck and feet of the ass”), μυχλός (mukhlós, “Phoenician word for stallion ass”) and Latin mūlus (“mule”). As the breeding of mules originates from Pontic Asia Minor, Frisk remarks that we are probably dealing with a Wanderwort. However, Beekes does not agree with this and claims that the variants prove a Pre-Greek origin, while Furnée thinks that this word must be separated from the others.


λωγάνιον

λωγᾰ́νῐον • (lōgắnĭon) n (genitive λωγᾰνῐ́ου); second declension

λωγᾰ́νῐον (canonical)
lōgắnĭon (romanization)
λωγᾰνῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λωγᾰ́νῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ λωγᾰνῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λωγᾰνῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λωγᾰνῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λωγᾰνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λωγᾰνῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λωγᾰνῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λωγᾰνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λωγᾰ́νῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ λωγᾰνῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λωγᾰ́νῐον (singular vocative)
λωγᾰνῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λωγᾰ́νῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g- (“weak, faint”), the same root of λαγαίω (lagaíō, “to release”) and λαγαρός (lagarós, “slack, loose”); intermediate forms, such as *λώγανον (*lṓganon), *λώγη (*lṓgē), cannot be determined, however.


ἀκροκώλιον

grc-noun

ἀκροκώλῐον • (akrokṓlĭon) n (genitive ἀκροκωλῐ́ου); second declension

ἀκροκώλῐον (canonical)
akrokṓlĭon (romanization)
ἀκροκωλῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ἀκροκώλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀκροκωλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκροκωλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκροκωλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀκροκωλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκροκωλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀκροκωλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ἀκροκώλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἀκροκώλῐον (singular vocative)
ἀκροκωλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ἀκροκώλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἄκρος (ákros, “topmost, outmost”) + κῶλον (kôlon, “limb”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

(mostly in the plural, of animals) extremities of the body, especially snout, ears, trotters


τιτθός

grc-noun

τῐτθός • (tĭtthós) m (genitive τῐτθοῦ); second declension

τῐτθός (canonical)
tĭtthós (romanization)
τῐτθοῦ (genitive)
ὁ τῐτθός (nominative singular)
τὼ τῐτθώ (dual nominative)
οἱ τῐτθοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ τῐτθοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῐτθοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῐτθῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ τῐτθῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῐτθοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς τῐτθοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν τῐτθόν (accusative singular)
τὼ τῐτθώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς τῐτθούς (accusative plural)
τῐτθέ (singular vocative)
τῐτθώ (dual vocative)
τῐτθοί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”). Compare τίτθη (títthē, “wet nurse”), θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”), θηλή (thēlḗ, “teat”), θεῖος (theîos, “uncle”), τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”) and τιθήνη (tithḗnē, “wet nurse”).

der

(anatomy) breast, especially a woman's breast


ψίθιος

ψῐ́θῐος (canonical)
psĭ́thĭos (romanization)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter)
ψῐ́θῐος (masculine nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine nominative singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter nominative singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine nominative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter nominative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine nominative plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (feminine genitive singular)
ψῐθῐ́ου (genitive neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dual feminine genitive)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dual genitive neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
ψῐθῐ́ων (genitive neuter plural)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾳ (dative feminine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ῳ (dative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́αιν (dative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́οιν (dative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́αις (dative feminine plural)
ψῐθῐ́οις (dative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative masculine singular)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱν (accusative feminine singular)
ψῐ́θῐον (accusative neuter singular)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual masculine)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual feminine)
ψῐθῐ́ω (accusative dual neuter)
ψῐθῐ́ους (accusative masculine plural)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱς (accusative feminine plural)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
ψῐ́θῐε (masculine singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (feminine singular vocative)
ψῐ́θῐον (neuter singular vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual masculine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ᾱ (dual feminine vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ω (dual neuter vocative)
ψῐ́θῐοι (masculine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐαι (feminine plural vocative)
ψῐ́θῐᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
ψῐθῐ́ως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ψῐθῐώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Unknown. Probably Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.


ὑστάς

head

ὑστάς • (hustás)

Probably a dialectal Cypriot form of συστάς (sustás, “vines planted closely”), which derives from συνίστημι (sunístēmi, “to put together, organize, frame”). See also ὑστάδα (hustáda, “densely planted vine”).

Hesychius gives the definition as: παστάς ἀμπέλων (pastás ampélōn, literally “row of vines”).


χόλιξ

grc-noun

χόλῐξ • (khólĭx) f or m (genitive χόλῐκος); third declension

χόλῐξ (canonical)
khólĭx (romanization)
χόλῐκος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ χόλῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ χόλῐκε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ χόλῐκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς χόλῐκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χολῐ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χολῐ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ χόλῐκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χολῐ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς χόλῐξῐ (dative plural)
χόλῐξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs khólĭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs khólĭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν χόλῐκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χόλῐκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς χόλῐκᾰς (accusative plural)
χόλῐξ (singular vocative)
χόλῐκε (dual vocative)
χόλῐκες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root of χολάς (kholás).


σίραμφος

head

σίραμφος • (síramphos)

Furnée connects the word with σήραμβος (sḗrambos, “kind of beetle”). However, Beekes finds this connection semantically unlikely. Compare also ῥάμφος (rhámphos, “beak”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos, “snout; beak”).


σχελίς

grc-noun

σχελῐ́ς • (skhelĭ́s) f (genitive σχελῐ́δος); third declension

σχελῐ́ς (canonical)
skhelĭ́s (romanization)
σχελῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σχελῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σχελῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σχελῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σχελῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σχελῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σχελῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σχελῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σχελῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σχελῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σχελῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs skhelĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs skhelĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σχελῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σχελῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σχελῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σχελῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σχελῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σχελῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: σκελίδα (skelída)

The entry by Beekes in his Etymological Dictionary of Greek reads (in paraphrase):
"Generally taken as from σκέλος (skélos, “leg”), which is not impossible semantically, but certainly incorrect given the variant form, which points to Pre-Greek origin."


στέμφυλον

στέμφῠλον • (stémphŭlon) n (genitive στεμφῠ́λου); second declension

στέμφῠλον (canonical)
stémphŭlon (romanization)
στεμφῠ́λου (genitive)
τὸ στέμφῠλον (nominative singular)
τὼ στεμφῠ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στέμφῠλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στεμφῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στεμφῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στεμφῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ στεμφῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στεμφῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στεμφῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ στέμφῠλον (accusative singular)
τὼ στεμφῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στέμφῠλᾰ (accusative plural)
στέμφῠλον (singular vocative)
στεμφῠ́λω (dual vocative)
στέμφῠλᾰ (plural vocative)

The entry by Beekes in his Etymological Dictionary of Greek reads (in paraphrase):
"A full-grade variant of σταφυλή (staphulḗ, “grape”). No further etymology; perhaps Pre-Greek, if the -μ- is interpreted as prenasalization. This word has also been connected with the verb στέμβω (stémbō, “to shake about, agitate”)."

mass of olives from which the oil has been pressed


πτερύγιον

πτερύγῐον • (pterúgĭon) n (genitive πτερῠγίου); second declension

πτερύγῐον (canonical)
pterúgĭon (romanization)
πτερῠγίου (genitive)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτερῠγῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτερῠγῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ πτερῠγῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτερῠγῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτερῠγῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ πτερῠ́γῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ πτερῠγῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (accusative plural)
πτερῠ́γῐον (singular vocative)
πτερῠγῐ́ω (dual vocative)
πτερῠ́γῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πτερύγιο (pterýgio)

→ Latin: pterygium

→ English: pterygium

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܢܦܐ (semantic loan)

From πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix), thus literally “winglet”.

af

(architecture) pinnacle (upright member)


ἀλωπεκία

grc-noun

ἀλωπεκίᾱ • (alōpekíā) f (genitive ἀλωπεκίᾱs); first declension

ἀλωπεκίᾱ (canonical)
alōpekíā (romanization)
ἀλωπεκίᾱs (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓λωπεκῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓λωπεκῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: αλωπεκία (alopekía)

→ Latin: alōpecia

→ English: alopecia

→ French: alopécie (learned)

Old French: allopicie

→ Indonesian: alopesia

→ Italian: alopecia (learned)

→ Polish: alopecja

desc

→ Portuguese: alopecia, alopécia (learned)

→ Romanian: alopecie (learned)

→ Spanish: alopecia (learned)

From ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx, “fox”) + -ίᾱ (-íā).


ἀσταφίς

grc-noun

ἀστᾰφίς • (astăphís) f (genitive ἀστᾰφίδος); third declension

ἀστᾰφίς (canonical)
astăphís (romanization)
ἀστᾰφίδος (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τῆς ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τῇ ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τὴν ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓στᾰφῐ́ς (singular vocative)

Koine Greek: σταφίς (staphís)

Greek: σταφίδα (stafída)

A nominal formation in -ῐς (-ĭs) from the root of σταφυλή (staphulḗ, “bunch of grapes”), of Pre-Greek origin.