θρίψ

grc-noun

θρῑ́ψ • (thrī́ps) m (genitive θρῑπός); ? declension

θρῑ́ψ (canonical)
thrī́ps (romanization)
θρῑπός (genitive)
ὁ θρῑ́ψ (nominative singular)
τὼ θρῖπε (dual nominative)
οἱ θρῖπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ θρῑπός (genitive singular)
τοῖν θρῑποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν θρῑπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θρῑπῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν θρῑποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θρῑψῐ́ (dative plural)
θρῑψῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs thrīpsí (dative plural)
toîs thrīpsín (dative plural)
τὸν θρῖπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θρῖπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς θρῖπᾰς (accusative plural)
θρῑ́ψ (singular vocative)
θρῖπε (dual vocative)
θρῖπες (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: trips

→ English: thrips

→ Latin: thrips

→ Russian: трипс (trips)

Beekes suggests Pre-Greek.; Liddell & Scott link it to τρίβω


σκώληξ

σκώληξ • (skṓlēx) m (genitive σκώληκος); third declension

skṓlēx (romanization)
σκώληκος (genitive)
ὁ σκώληξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκώληκε (dual nominative)
οἱ σκώληκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκώληκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκωλήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκωλήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκώληκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκωλήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκώληξῐ (dative plural)
σκώληξῐν (dative plural)
toîs skṓlēxi (dative plural)
toîs skṓlēxin (dative plural)
τὸν σκώληκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκώληκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκώληκᾰς (accusative plural)
σκώληξ (singular vocative)
σκώληκε (dual vocative)
σκώληκες (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: σκουλήκι (skoulíki), σκώληκας (skólikas)

English: scolex

Italian: scolice

Spanish: escólex

Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel- (“to curve, bend”), like σκέλος (skélos, “leg”) and σκολιός (skoliós, “bent, crooked”). The suffix "-ηκ-" is also found in σφήξ (sphḗx, “wasp”) and μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ant”).


γυλιός

grc-noun

γῠλῐός • (guliós) m (genitive γῠλῐοῦ); second declension

γῠλῐός (canonical)
guliós (romanization)
γῠλῐοῦ (genitive)
ὁ γῠλῐός (nominative singular)
τὼ γῠλῐώ (dual nominative)
οἱ γῠλῐοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ γῠλῐοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῠλῐοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῠλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ γῠλῐῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῠλῐοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς γῠλῐοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν γῠλῐόν (accusative singular)
τὼ γῠλῐώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς γῠλῐούς (accusative plural)
γῠλῐέ (singular vocative)
γῠλῐώ (dual vocative)
γῠλῐοί (plural vocative)

Greek: γυλιός (gyliós)

Unknown. It has been compared with Old Norse kýll (“bag for victuals”) and Old High German kiulla (“bag”). Maybe related to γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow of a cuirass”). According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault, curve”).


δελφίς

grc-noun

δελφῑ́ς • (delphī́s) m (genitive δελφῖνος); third declension

δελφῑ́ς (canonical)
delphī́s (romanization)
δελφῖνος (genitive)
ὁ δελφῑ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ δελφῖνε (dual nominative)
οἱ δελφῖνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δελφῖνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δελφῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δελφῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ δελφῖνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δελφῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δελφῖσῐ (dative plural)
δελφῖσῐν (dative plural)
toîs delphîsi (dative plural)
toîs delphîsin (dative plural)
τὸν δελφῖνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δελφῖνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δελφῖνᾰς (accusative plural)
δελφῑ́ς (singular vocative)
δελφῖνε (dual vocative)
δελφῖνες (plural vocative)

Greek: δελφίνι (delfíni)

desc

→ Arabic: دُلْفِين (dulfīn), دَرْفِيل (darfīl)

→ Latin: delphīnus (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Delphinus

→ Old East Slavic: делфи́съ (delfísŭ)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”), with formation similar to ἀκτίς (aktís), γλωχίς (glōkhís), and ὠδίς (ōdís), thus originally meaning "fish with a womb". Cognate with δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).

mass of lead shaped like a dolphin, hung at the yardarm and suddenly let down on the decks of the enemy's ships


γλωσσίς

grc-noun

γλωσσῐ́ς • (glōssís) f (genitive γλωσσῐ́δος); third declension

γλωσσῐ́ς (canonical)
glōssís (romanization)
γλωσσῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γλωσσῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ γλωσσῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γλωσσῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γλωσσῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλωσσῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλωσσῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γλωσσῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλωσσῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γλωσσῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γλωσσῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs glōssísi (dative plural)
taîs glōssísin (dative plural)
τὴν γλωσσῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γλωσσῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γλωσσῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γλωσσῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γλωσσῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γλωσσῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From γλῶσσᾰ (glôssa, “tongue”) + -ις (-is, feminine noun suffix).


ὕστριξ

grc-noun

ῠ̔́στρῐξ • (hústrix) m or f (genitive ῠ̔́στρῐχος); third declension

ῠ̔́στρῐξ (canonical)
hústrix (romanization)
ῠ̔́στρῐχος (genitive)
ὁ ῠ̔́στρῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́στρῐχε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῠ̔́στρῐχες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῠ̔́στρῐχος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔στρῐ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔στρῐ́χων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῠ̔́στρῐχῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔στρῐ́χοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῠ̔́στρῐξῐ (dative plural)
ῠ̔́στρῐξῐν (dative plural)
toîs hústrixi (dative plural)
toîs hústrixin (dative plural)
τὸν ῠ̔́στρῐχᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́στρῐχε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῠ̔́στρῐχᾰς (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́στρῐξ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́στρῐχε (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́στρῐχες (plural vocative)

Latin: hystrix

Italian: istrice

Translingual: Hystrix

Often analysed as ὗς (hûs, “swine”) + θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), or alternatively with the first element being the base of ῠ̔́στερος (hústeros, “latter”). However, Beekes cites the nasalization seen in the variant genitive plural form ὑστρίγγων (hustríngōn) – as if from ὕστριγξ (hústrinx) – as proof of Pre-Greek origin.

Hystrix cristata
Wikispecies:Hystrix cristata


λάμια

λᾰ́μῐᾰ • (lámia) f (genitive λᾰμῐ́ᾱς); first declension

λᾰ́μῐᾰ (canonical)
lámia (romanization)
λᾰμῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ λᾰ́μῐᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰ́μῐαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰμῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰμῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰμῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰμῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰμῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰμῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰ́μῐᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰμῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰμῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́μῐᾰ (singular vocative)
λᾰμῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
λᾰ́μῐαι (plural vocative)

Latin: lamia

Possible connection with λαιμός (laimós, “throat, gullet”).

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 5.5

129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 6.727

23 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Natural History 9.78


ὕραξ

ῠ̔́ρᾰξ • (húrax) m (genitive ῠ̔́ρᾰκος); third declension

ῠ̔́ρᾰξ (canonical)
húrax (romanization)
ῠ̔́ρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ ῠ̔́ρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́ρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῠ̔́ρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῠ̔́ρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῠ̔ρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῠ̔́ρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῠ̔ρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῠ̔́ρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
ῠ̔́ρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs húraxi (dative plural)
toîs húraxin (dative plural)
τὸν ῠ̔́ρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῠ̔́ρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῠ̔́ρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
ῠ̔́ρᾰξ (singular vocative)
ῠ̔́ρᾰκε (dual vocative)
ῠ̔́ρᾰκες (plural vocative)

Greek: ύρακας (ýrakas)

→ Translingual: Hyrax

Judging by the -αξ ending, Pre-Greek. Latin sorex is probably from the same source (with a structure *sVr-Vk-).

shrewmouse (mammal of the family Soricidae)


πορφύρα

πορφῠ́ρᾱ • (porphúrā) f (genitive πορφῠ́ρᾱς); first declension

πορφῠ́ρᾱ (canonical)
porphúrā (romanization)
πορφῠ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ πορφῠ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πορφῠ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς πορφῠ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πορφῠρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πορφῠ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πορφῠ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πορφῠ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν πορφῠ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ πορφῠ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πορφῠ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
πορφῠ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
πορφῠ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
πορφῠ́ραι (plural vocative)

Greek: πορφύρα (porfýra)

→ Latin: purpura (see there for further descendants)

→ Translingual: Porphyra

Traditionally derived from πορφύρω (porphúrō, “I redden”), itself related to φύρω (phúrō, “I mix”), Hittite 𒁍𒊒𒌓 (purut, “mud, soil”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhuráti, “have convulsions, sprawl”). However, Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the absence of connections in other Indo-European languages.


φάσσα

grc-noun

φᾰ́σσᾰ • (phássa) f (genitive φᾰ́σσης); first declension

φᾰ́σσᾰ (canonical)
phássa (romanization)
φᾰ́σσης (genitive)
ἡ φᾰ́σσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́σσᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φᾰ́σσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φᾰ́σσης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰ́σσαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰσσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φᾰ́σσῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰ́σσαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φᾰ́σσαις (dative plural)
τὴν φᾰ́σσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́σσᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́σσᾱς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́σσᾰ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́σσᾱ (dual vocative)
φᾰ́σσαι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.


πάπραξ

πᾰ́πρᾰξ • (páprax) m (genitive πᾰ́πρᾰκος); third declension

πᾰ́πρᾰξ (canonical)
páprax (romanization)
πᾰ́πρᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ πᾰ́πρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́πρᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ πᾰ́πρᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰ́πρᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰπρᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰπρᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰ́πρᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰπρᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰ́πρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
πᾰ́πρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs pápraxi (dative plural)
toîs pápraxin (dative plural)
τὸν πᾰ́πρᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰ́πρᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πᾰ́πρᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
πᾰ́πρᾰξ (singular vocative)
πᾰ́πρᾰκε (dual vocative)
πᾰ́πρᾰκες (plural vocative)

Has been connected with πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”) and περκνός (perknós, “spotted”), or explained as onomatopoeic after the supposed sound of the fish. According to Beekes, the word may be of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix.


ἱέραξ

ἱέρᾱξ • (hiérāx) m (genitive ἱέρᾱκος); third declension

ἱέρᾱξ (canonical)
hiérāx (romanization)
ἱέρᾱκος (genitive)
ὁ ἱέρᾱξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱέρᾱκε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἱέρᾱκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱέρᾱκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱερᾱ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱερᾱ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱέρᾱκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱερᾱ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱέρᾱξῐ (dative plural)
ἱέρᾱξῐν (dative plural)
toîs hiérāxi (dative plural)
toîs hiérāxin (dative plural)
τὸν ἱέρᾱκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱέρᾱκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἱέρᾱκᾰς (accusative plural)
ἱέρᾱξ (singular vocative)
ἱέρᾱκε (dual vocative)
ἱέρᾱκες (plural vocative)

Greek: ιέρακας (iérakas)

Ancient Greek: Ιέραξ (Iérax)

Latin: Ierax

Italian: Geraci, Gerace

Sicilian: Jiraci

From Proto-Hellenic *ϝῑρᾱξ, from Proto-Indo-European *wih₁rós (“hunter; man”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”), assuming an older Greek form *ϝῑρᾱξ (*wīrāx), with possible contamination from folk-etymological association with ἱερός (hierós, “holy, divine”).

der

name for a grade of initiates in Mithras worship


κοκκοθραύστης

grc-noun

κοκκοθραύστου

κοκκοθραύστης • (kokkothraústēs) m (genitive κοκκοθραύστου); first declension

kokkothraústēs (romanization)
κοκκοθραύστου (genitive)
ὁ κοκκοθραύστης (nominative singular)
τὼ κοκκοθραύστᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κοκκοθραῦσται (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοκκοθραύστου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοκκοθραύσταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοκκοθραυστῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κοκκοθραύστῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοκκοθραύσταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοκκοθραύσταις (dative plural)
τὸν κοκκοθραύστην (accusative singular)
τὼ κοκκοθραύστᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοκκοθραύστᾱς (accusative plural)
κοκκοθραῦστᾰ (singular vocative)
κοκκοθραύστᾱ (dual vocative)
κοκκοθραῦσται (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κοκκοθραύστης

κοκκοθραύστου

Latin: coccothraustēs

κόκκος (kókkos, “kernel”) + θραύστης (thraústēs, “one who breaks or crushes”)

compound

(meaning uncertain) perhaps the grosbeak (glossed «ὄρνις ποιός» by Hesychius)


τέττιξ

grc-noun

τέττῑξ • (téttīx) m (genitive τέττῑγος or τέττῑκος); third declension

τέττῑξ (canonical)
téttīx (romanization)
τέττῑγος (genitive)
τέττῑκος (genitive)
ὁ τέττῑξ (nominative singular)
τὼ τέττῑγε (dual nominative)
οἱ τέττῑγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τέττῑγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τεττῑ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τεττῑ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ τέττῑγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τεττῑ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τέττῑξῐ (dative plural)
τέττῑξῐν (dative plural)
toîs téttīxi (dative plural)
toîs téttīxin (dative plural)
τὸν τέττῑγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τέττῑγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τέττῑγᾰς (accusative plural)
τέττῑξ (singular vocative)
τέττῑγε (dual vocative)
τέττῑγες (plural vocative)
ὁ τέττῑξ (nominative singular)
τὼ τέττῑκε (dual nominative)
οἱ τέττῑκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ τέττῑκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τεττῑ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τεττῑ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ τέττῑκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τεττῑ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τέττῑξῐ (dative plural)
τέττῑξῐν (dative plural)
toîs téttīxi (dative plural)
toîs téttīxin (dative plural)
τὸν τέττῑκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τέττῑκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς τέττῑκᾰς (accusative plural)
τέττῑξ (singular vocative)
τέττῑκε (dual vocative)
τέττῑκες (plural vocative)

English: tettix

Greek: τζίτζικας (tzítzikas)

Onomatopoeic of the cicada's chirping noises, like τιτίζω (titízō).

Asius, Fr.Ep. 13.5

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.6

250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 12.512c

423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 984

423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 980

Michel 832.51

a gold ornament worn in the hair, especially in early Attica


τάρανδος

τάρανδος • (tárandos) m (genitive τᾰράνδου); second declension

tárandos (romanization)
τᾰράνδου (genitive)
ὁ τάρανδος (nominative singular)
τὼ ταράνδω (dual nominative)
οἱ τάρανδοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ταράνδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ταράνδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ταράνδων (genitive plural)
τῷ ταράνδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ταράνδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ταράνδοις (dative plural)
τὸν τάρανδον (accusative singular)
τὼ ταράνδω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ταράνδους (accusative plural)
τάρανδε (singular vocative)
ταράνδω (dual vocative)
τάρανδοι (plural vocative)

→ Greek: τάρανδος (tárandos)

→ Latin: tarandus

Possibly of Pre-Greek origin when compared with Latin parandrum; however, a comparison with Old Ossetic *θharan-tara-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱ(e)ren-tero-, suggests a derivation from *ḱerh₂- (“horn”).


κυνίδιον

κῠνῐ́δῐον • (kunídion) n (genitive κῠνῐδῐ́ου); second declension

κῠνῐ́δῐον (canonical)
kunídion (romanization)
κῠνῐδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ κῠνῐ́δῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠνῐδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κῠνῐ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠνῐδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠνῐδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠνῐδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠνῐδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠνῐδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠνῐδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ κῠνῐ́δῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠνῐδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κῠνῐ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
κῠνῐ́δῐον (singular vocative)
κῠνῐδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
κῠνῐ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From κῠ́ων (kúōn, stem: κῠν- (kun-)) + -ῐ́δῐον (-ídion).

af

stem: <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">κῠν-</i> (kun-)

446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 542

380 BCE, Plato, Euthydemus 298e

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus 13.8

110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Frank Criticism 10.O.

446 BCE – 411 BCE, Eupolis, Collected Works 207

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1406b.28


κέρκος

grc-noun

κέρκος • (kérkos) f (genitive κέρκου); second declension

kérkos (romanization)
κέρκου (genitive)
ἡ κέρκος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (dual nominative)
αἱ κέρκοι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέρκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κέρκων (genitive plural)
τῇ κέρκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέρκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέρκοις (dative plural)
τὴν κέρκον (accusative singular)
τὼ κέρκω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέρκους (accusative plural)
κέρκε (singular vocative)
κέρκω (dual vocative)
κέρκοι (plural vocative)

Translingual: ?Cercomacra, Cercopithecus, ?Onchocerca, Ptilocercus (generic names)

English: cysticercus

→ Latin: cercus (New Latin)

→ English: cercus

Of Pre-Greek origin. Compare κερκίς (kerkís).

5th century CE, Hesychius Alexandreus, Συναγωγὴ Πασῶν Λέξεων κατὰ Στοιχεῖον

a small animal that attacks grapevines
Synonym of ἀλεκτρυών (alektruṓn)

ScriptOr 259.21

VAndR e.69E

(Byzantine) a burin (a chisel-like tool used for engraving)


ἠλακατήν

ἠλᾰκᾰτήν • (ēlakatḗn) m (genitive ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνος); third declension

ἠλᾰκᾰτήν (canonical)
ēlakatḗn (romanization)
ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνος (genitive)
ὁ ἠλᾰκᾰτήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἠλᾰκᾰτήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἠλᾰκᾰτήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἠλᾰκᾰτήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἠλᾰκᾰτῆσῐ (dative plural)
ἠλᾰκᾰτῆσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ēlakatêsi (dative plural)
toîs ēlakatêsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἠλᾰκᾰτήν (singular vocative)
ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνε (dual vocative)
ἠλᾰκᾰτῆνες (plural vocative)

Latin: ēlacatēn

suffix

ἠλᾰκᾰ́τη (ēlakátē) + -ήν (-ḗn)

342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, Kol.Fr. 7

400 BCE – 300 BCE, Mnesimachus, Collected Works 4.35

Mnaseas 33

Τὰ εἰς ην ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς χαίρουσι τῇ ὀξείᾳ οἷον ἀτταγήν, κορδυλήν, μαριθήν, δοθιήν, ἠλακατήνὄνομα ἰχθύος κητώδους καὶ κύριον.

AD 2nd C., Aelius Herodianus (aut.), Augustus Lentz (ed.), Περὶ καθολικῆς προσῳδίας in Grammatici Graeci III: Herodiani technici reliquiae I: Praefationem et Herodiani Prosodiam catholicam continens (1867), bk i, p. 16, ll. 6–8

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Tà eis ēn hupèr dúo sullabàs khaírousi têi oxeíāi hoîon attagḗn, kordulḗn, marithḗn, dothiḗn, ēlakatḗnónoma ikhthúos kētṓdous kaì kúrion.

(usually in the plural) a large sea-fish, probably a kind of tunny


κηφήν

grc-noun

κηφήν • (kēphḗn) m (genitive κηφῆνος); third declension

kēphḗn (romanization)
κηφῆνος (genitive)
ὁ κηφήν (nominative singular)
τὼ κηφῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ κηφῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κηφῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηφήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηφήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κηφῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηφήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κηφῆσῐ (dative plural)
κηφῆσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kēphêsi (dative plural)
toîs kēphêsin (dative plural)
τὸν κηφῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κηφῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κηφῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
κηφήν (singular vocative)
κηφῆνε (dual vocative)
κηφῆνες (plural vocative)

Greek: κηφήνας (kifínas)

Latin: cēphēnes

/kɛː.pʰɛ̌ːn/

/kɛː.pʰɛ̌ːn/

Perhaps from Pre-Greek. Previously related to κωφός (kōphós, “dumb, deaf”).

342 BCE – 291 BCE, Diphilus, Collected Works 126.7

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 553b.5

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 624b.12


βασσάρα

βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ • (bassárā) f (genitive βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱς); first declension

βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (canonical)
bassárā (romanization)
βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰσσᾰ́ραι (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰσσᾰ́ραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰσσᾰρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰσσᾰ́ραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰσσᾰ́ραις (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱς (accusative plural)
βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (singular vocative)
βᾰσσᾰ́ρᾱ (dual vocative)
βᾰσσᾰ́ραι (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲃⲁϣⲟⲣ (bašor), ⲃⲁϣⲁⲣ (bašar)

→ New Latin: bassariscus

Herodotus calls the word Libyan, which seems supported by the etymological connection with Coptic ⲃⲁϣⲁⲣ (bašar); Černý, however, regards the Coptic as a loanword from Greek. Szemerényi further tries to maintain the connection with Hittite [script needed] (u̯aššuu̯ar, “clothing”), rightly rejected by Neumann.

cog

Vulpes vulpes
Vulpes vulpes#Translingual

dress of Thracian bacchanals, made of fox skins


νυκτερίς

grc-noun

νῠκτερῐ́ς • (nukterís) f (genitive νῠκτερῐ́δος); third declension

νῠκτερῐ́ς (canonical)
nukterís (romanization)
νῠκτερῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ νῠκτερῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ νῠκτερῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ νῠκτερῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς νῠκτερῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν νῠκτερῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νῠκτερῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ νῠκτερῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν νῠκτερῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς νῠκτερῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
νῠκτερῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs nukterísi (dative plural)
taîs nukterísin (dative plural)
τὴν νῠκτερῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ νῠκτερῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς νῠκτερῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
νῠκτερῐ́ς (singular vocative)
νῠκτερῐ́δε (dual vocative)
νῠκτερῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: νυχτερίδα (nychterída)

From νῠ́κτερος (núkteros, “nocturnal”), from νῠ́ξ (núx, “night”).


κῆρυξ

κῆρῠξ • (kêrux) m (genitive κήρῡκος); third declension

κῆρῠξ (canonical)
kêrux (romanization)
κήρῡκος (genitive)
ὁ κῆρῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κήρῡκε (dual nominative)
οἱ κήρῡκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κήρῡκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηρῡ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηρῡ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ κήρῡκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηρῡ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κήρῡξῐ (dative plural)
κήρῡξῐν (dative plural)
toîs kḗrūxi (dative plural)
toîs kḗrūxin (dative plural)
τὸν κήρῡκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κήρῡκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κήρῡκᾰς (accusative plural)
κῆρῠξ (singular vocative)
κήρῡκε (dual vocative)
κήρῡκες (plural vocative)
κῆρῠξ (nominative singular)
κήρῡκε (dual nominative)
κήρῡκες (nominative plural)
κήρῡκος (genitive singular)
κηρῡ́κοιῐν (dual genitive)
κηρῡ́κων (genitive plural)
κήρῡκῐ (dative singular)
κηρῡ́κοιῐν (dative dual)
κήρῡξῐ (dative plural)
κήρῡξῐν (dative plural)
κηρῡ́κεσσῐ (dative plural)
κηρῡ́κεσσῐν (dative plural)
κηρῡ́κεσῐ (dative plural)
κηρῡ́κεσῐν (dative plural)
kḗrūxi (dative plural)
kḗrūxin (dative plural)
kērū́kessi (dative plural)
kērū́kessin (dative plural)
kērū́kesi (dative plural)
kērū́kesin (dative plural)
κήρῡκᾰ (accusative singular)
κήρῡκε (accusative dual)
κήρῡκᾰς (accusative plural)
κῆρῠξ (singular vocative)
κήρῡκε (dual vocative)
κήρῡκες (plural vocative)

By the long -ύ- and enlarged -κ-, suggested by Beekes to be a Pre-Greek word, but for Bernal this is from Egyptian qꜣ ḫrw (“loud voice”), both rejecting the frequent comparison to Sanskrit कारु (kāru, “singer, poet”).


μακρόουρος

μᾰκρόουρος (canonical)
makróouros (romanization)
μᾰκρόουρον (neuter)
μᾰκρόουρος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
μᾰκρόουρον (neuter nominative singular)
μᾰκροούρω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
μᾰκροούρω (dual neuter nominative)
μᾰκρόουροι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
μᾰκρόουρᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
μᾰκροούρου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
μᾰκροούρου (genitive neuter singular)
μᾰκροούροιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
μᾰκροούροιν (dual genitive neuter)
μᾰκροούρων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
μᾰκροούρων (genitive neuter plural)
μᾰκροούρῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
μᾰκροούρῳ (dative neuter singular)
μᾰκροούροιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
μᾰκροούροιν (dative dual neuter)
μᾰκροούροις (dative feminine masculine plural)
μᾰκροούροις (dative neuter plural)
μᾰκρόουρον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
μᾰκρόουρον (accusative neuter singular)
μᾰκροούρω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
μᾰκροούρω (accusative dual neuter)
μᾰκροούρους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
μᾰκρόουρᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
μᾰκρόουρε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
μᾰκρόουρον (neuter singular vocative)
μᾰκροούρω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
μᾰκροούρω (dual neuter vocative)
μᾰκρόουροι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
μᾰκρόουρᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
μᾰκροούρως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
μᾰκροουρότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
μᾰκροουρότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Latin: macroūrus

μᾰκρός (makrós, “large”, “long”) + οὐρᾱ́ (ourā́, “tail”) + -ος (-os, suffix forming adjectives)

affix

Achmet 111.6

Achmet 182.5

JoApokEp 9.13

DelAn, II 328.18

DelAn, II 335.26


ἐπιβάλλον

grc-noun

ἐπῐβᾰ́λλον • (epibállon) n (genitive ἐπῐβᾰ́λλου); second declension

ἐπῐβᾰ́λλον (canonical)
epibállon (romanization)
ἐπῐβᾰ́λλου (genitive)
τὸ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐβᾰ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπῐβᾰ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπῐβᾰ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐπῐβᾰ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐπῐβᾰ́λλᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐπῐβᾰ́λλον (singular vocative)
ἐπῐβᾰ́λλω (dual vocative)
ἐπῐβᾰ́λλᾰ (plural vocative)

a kind of ephemeron (short-lived insect)


ὑβρίς

ὑβρῐ́ς • (hubrís) f (genitive ὑβρῐ́δος); third declension

ὑβρῐ́ς (canonical)
hubrís (romanization)
ὑβρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ὑβρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὑβρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὑβρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὑβρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὑβρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑβρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὑβρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὑβρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὑβρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ὑβρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs hubrísi (dative plural)
taîs hubrísin (dative plural)
τὴν ὑβρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὑβρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὑβρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ὑβρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ὑβρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ὑβρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 615b.10


κύανος

κῠ́ᾰνος • (kúanos) m (genitive κῠᾰ́νου); second declension

κῠ́ᾰνος (canonical)
kúanos (romanization)
κῠᾰ́νου (genitive)
ὁ κῠ́ᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠ́ᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠ́ᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
κῠ́ᾰνε (singular vocative)
κῠᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
κῠ́ᾰνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: κυανός (kyanós)

→ Dutch: cyaan

→ English: cyan, cyano-

→ French: cyan

→ German: Zyan

→ Italian: ciano

→ Latin: cȳanos, cȳanus
Spanish: aciano

→ Ottoman Turkish: كیانوس (kiyānus)

> Turkish: kiyanus (inherited)

→ Swedish: cyan

According to Beekes, probably from Hittite [script needed] (kuwannan-, “precious stone, copper, blue”), of unknown origin, possibly Sumerian 𒆬𒆪 (ku₃-an /kù.an/).

der

Monticola solitarius
Monticola solitarius#Translingual


φθείρ

grc-noun

φθείρ • (phtheír) m (genitive φθειρός); third declension

phtheír (romanization)
φθειρός (genitive)
ὁ φθείρ (nominative singular)
τὼ φθεῖρε (dual nominative)
οἱ φθεῖρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ φθειρός (genitive singular)
τοῖν φθειροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φθειρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φθειρῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν φθειροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φθειρσῐ́ (dative plural)
φθειρσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs phtheirsí (dative plural)
toîs phtheirsín (dative plural)
τὸν φθεῖρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φθεῖρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς φθεῖρᾰς (accusative plural)
φθείρ (singular vocative)
φθεῖρε (dual vocative)
φθεῖρες (plural vocative)

Mariupol Greek: фтыр (ftyr)

Cypriot Greek: φτείρα (fteíra)

Uncertain. Has been linked to φθείρω (phtheírō, “to ruin, to destroy”) which is of Indo-European origin, though the connection is doubtful and considered as a folk etymology.

Δημόκριτον δὲ οἱ φθεῖρες, Σωκράτην δὲ ἄλλοι φθεῖρες ἀπέκτειναν.

161 CE – 180 CE, Marcus Aurelius, Meditations 3.3

Democritus was killed by lice, and lice of another kind killed Socrates.

Dēmókriton dè hoi phtheîres, Sōkrátēn dè álloi phtheîres apékteinan.


κόμη

κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension

kómē (romanization)
κόμης (genitive)
ἡ κόμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κόμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κόμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κομῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κόμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κόμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κόμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κόμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς (accusative plural)
κόμη (singular vocative)
κόμᾱ (dual vocative)
κόμαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)

Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable. It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”).
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”).

unk

Not explained with certainty


σαγματοπασμαγάδια

grc-noun

σαγματοπασμαγαδίων

σαγματοπασμαγάδια • (sagmatopasmagádia) n pl (genitive σαγματοπασμαγαδίων); second declension

sagmatopasmagádia (romanization)
σαγματοπασμαγαδίων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν σαγματοπασμαγαδίων (genitive plural)
τοῖς σαγματοπασμαγαδίοις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (accusative plural)
σαγματοπασμαγάδιᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σαγματοπασμαγάδιον

σάγμα (ságma, “saddle”) + πασμαγάνδιον (pasmagándion, “welding blanket”), the second element being from Persian پشماگند (pašmâgand).

af

πασμαγάνδιον

c. 10th century, Constantine Porphyrogenitus, Three Treatises on Imperial Military Expeditions. Translated by J. F. Haldon, Vienna 1990, C 119-122.

(Byzantine, plural only) saddle and welding blanket


μύωψ

grc-noun

μῠ́ωψ • (múōps) m (genitive μῠ́ωπος); third declension

μῠ́ωψ (canonical)
múōps (romanization)
μῠ́ωπος (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́ωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́ωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́ωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́ωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́ωψῐ (dative plural)
μῠ́ωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs múōpsi (dative plural)
toîs múōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́ωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́ωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́ωπᾰς (accusative plural)
μῠ́ωψ (singular vocative)
μῠ́ωπε (dual vocative)
μῠ́ωπες (plural vocative)

→ Esperanto: miopa

→ French: myope

→ German: myop

affix

μύω (múō) + ὤψ (ṓps)


ἡνία

grc-noun

ἡνίᾰ • (hēnía) n pl (genitive ἡνίων); second declension

ἡνίᾱ • (hēníā) f (genitive ἡνίᾱς); first declension

ἡνίᾰ (canonical)
hēnía (romanization)
ἡνίων (genitive)
ἡνίᾱ (canonical)
hēníā (romanization)
ἡνίᾱς (genitive)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
ἡνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
ἡνῐ́οισῐ (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́οισῐν (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́οις (dative plural)
hēníoisi (dative plural)
hēníoisin (dative plural)
hēníois (dative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)
ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
αἱ ἡνῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τῶν ἡνῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἡνῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
ταῖς ἡνῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἡνῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τᾱ̀ς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἡνῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἡνῐ́αι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂em- (“to grasp”) and cognate with Latin ānsa (“handle”) and Lithuanian ąsà (“handle”).


πρόλοβος

πρόλοβος • (prólobos) m (genitive προλόβου); second declension

prólobos (romanization)
προλόβου (genitive)
ὁ πρόλοβος (nominative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (dual nominative)
οἱ πρόλοβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ προλόβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προλόβων (genitive plural)
τῷ προλόβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν προλόβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προλόβοις (dative plural)
τὸν πρόλοβον (accusative singular)
τὼ προλόβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς προλόβους (accusative plural)
πρόλοβε (singular vocative)
προλόβω (dual vocative)
πρόλοβοι (plural vocative)

πρό (pró, “before”) + λοβός (lobós, “lobe”)


σής

grc-noun

σής • (sḗs) m (genitive σεός or σητός); third declension

sḗs (romanization)
σεός (genitive)
σητός (genitive)
ὁ σής (nominative singular)
οἱ σέες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σεός (genitive singular)
τῶν σέων (genitive plural)
τοὺς σέας (accusative plural)
ὁ σής (nominative singular)
τὼ σῆτε (dual nominative)
οἱ σῆτες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σητός (genitive singular)
τοῖν σητοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σητῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σητῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν σητοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σησῐ́ (dative plural)
σησῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs sēsí (dative plural)
toîs sēsín (dative plural)
τὸν σῆτᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῆτε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σῆτᾰς (accusative plural)
σής (singular vocative)
σῆτε (dual vocative)
σῆτες (plural vocative)

A Semitic loanword, found as Aramaic סָסָא / ܣܳܣܳܐ (sāsā, “moth”), Hebrew סָס (sās, “moth”), Akkadian 𒌨𒈨 (sāsum, “moth”), Arabic سُوس (sūs, “moth-worm”).


σκώψ

σκώψ • (skṓps) m (genitive σκωπός); third declension

skṓps (romanization)
σκωπός (genitive)
ὁ σκώψ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῶπε (dual nominative)
οἱ σκῶπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκωπός (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκωποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκωπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σκωπῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκωποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκωψῐ́ (dative plural)
σκωψῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs skōpsí (dative plural)
toîs skōpsín (dative plural)
τὸν σκῶπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῶπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκῶπᾰς (accusative plural)
σκώψ (singular vocative)
σκῶπε (dual vocative)
σκῶπες (plural vocative)

Pre-Greek. Folk etymology tends to connect this with σκώπτω (skṓptō) and σκέπτομαι (sképtomai).


γύψ

γῡ́ψ • (gū́ps) m (genitive γῡπός); third declension

γῡ́ψ (canonical)
gū́ps (romanization)
γῡπός (genitive)
ὁ γῡ́ψ (nominative singular)
τὼ γῦπε (dual nominative)
οἱ γῦπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ γῡπός (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῡποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῡπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ γῡπῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῡποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς γῡψῐ́ (dative plural)
γῡψῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs gūpsí (dative plural)
toîs gūpsín (dative plural)
τὸν γῦπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γῦπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς γῦπᾰς (accusative plural)
γῡ́ψ (singular vocative)
γῦπε (dual vocative)
γῦπες (plural vocative)
γῡ́ψ (nominative singular)
γῦπε (dual nominative)
γῦπες (nominative plural)
γῡπός (genitive singular)
γῡποῖῐν (dual genitive)
γῡπῶν (genitive plural)
γῡπῐ́ (dative singular)
γῡποῖῐν (dative dual)
γῡψῐ́ (dative plural)
γῡψῐ́ν (dative plural)
γῡ́πεσσῐ (dative plural)
γῡ́πεσσῐν (dative plural)
γῡ́πεσῐ (dative plural)
γῡ́πεσῐν (dative plural)
gūpsí (dative plural)
gūpsín (dative plural)
gū́pessi (dative plural)
gū́pessin (dative plural)
gū́pesi (dative plural)
gū́pesin (dative plural)
γῦπᾰ (accusative singular)
γῦπε (accusative dual)
γῦπᾰς (accusative plural)
γῡ́ψ (singular vocative)
γῦπε (dual vocative)
γῦπες (plural vocative)

Greek: γύπας (gýpas)

→ Translingual: Gyps

→ Old Georgian: ჯიპოსი (ǯiṗosi)


μήκων

μήκων • (mḗkōn) f (genitive μήκωνος); third declension

mḗkōn (romanization)
μήκωνος (genitive)
ἡ μήκων (nominative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (dual nominative)
αἱ μήκωνες (nominative plural)
τῆς μήκωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μηκώνων (genitive plural)
τῇ μήκωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μηκώνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μήκωσῐ (dative plural)
μήκωσῐν (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsi (dative plural)
taîs mḗkōsin (dative plural)
τὴν μήκωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μήκωνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μήκωνᾰς (accusative plural)
μήκων (singular vocative)
μήκωνε (dual vocative)
μήκωνες (plural vocative)

Greek: μήκων (míkon)

English: mecon

Translingual: Arctomecon, Calomecon, Dendromecon, Eomecon, Hesperomecon, Hylomecon, Meconella, Meconopsis, Oreomecon, Stylomecon

→ Old Armenian: մեկոն (mekon)

Cognate with Proto-Slavic *makъ, (Old Church Slavonic макъ (makŭ)) and German Mohn; from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ko-.

Papaver somniferum
Papaver somniferum#Translingual

(anatomy) the part of the ear at the root under the lobe


ἶβις

ἶβῐς • (îbis) f (genitive ἴ̄βῐδος or ἴ̄βεως); third declension

ἶβῐς (canonical)
îbis (romanization)
ἴ̄βῐδος (genitive)
ἴ̄βεως (genitive)
ἡ ἶβῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓́βῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῑ̓́βῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓́βῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓βῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓βῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓́βῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓βῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓́βῐσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓́βῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ī́bisi (dative plural)
taîs ī́bisin (dative plural)
τὴν ῑ̓́βῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓́βῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῑ̓́βῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἶβῐς (singular vocative)
ῑ̓́βῐδε (dual vocative)
ῑ̓́βῐδες (plural vocative)
ἡ ἶβῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓́βει (dual nominative)
αἱ ῑ̓́βεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓́βεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓βέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓́βεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓́βει (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓βέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓́βεσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓́βεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ī́besi (dative plural)
taîs ī́besin (dative plural)
τὴν ἶβῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓́βει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῑ̓́βεις (accusative plural)
ἶβῐ (singular vocative)
ῑ̓́βει (dual vocative)
ῑ̓́βεις (plural vocative)

→ Greek: ίβις (ívis)

→ Latin: ībis (see there for further descendants)


θώς

θώς • (thṓs) m or f (genitive θωός); third declension

thṓs (romanization)
θωός (genitive)
ὁ θώς (nominative singular)
τὼ θῶε (dual nominative)
οἱ θῶες (nominative plural)
τοῦ θωός (genitive singular)
τοῖν θώοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θώων (genitive plural)
τῷ θῷ (dative singular)
θῶῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν θώοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θωσῐ́ (dative plural)
θωσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs thōsí (dative plural)
toîs thōsín (dative plural)
τὸν θῶ (accusative singular)
θῶᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ θῶε (accusative dual)
τοὺς θῶᾰς (accusative plural)
θώς (singular vocative)
θῶε (dual vocative)
θῶες (plural vocative)

Latin: thōs

⇒ Byzantine Greek:

Pontic Greek: θώπεκας (thópekas)

→ Old Armenian: թեպեկ (tʻepek)

According to Beekes it could be related to θῶσθαι (thôsthai, “to eat”) or alternatively from Pre-Greek.


τρωξαλλίς

τρωξαλλίς • (trōxallís) f (genitive τρωξαλλίδος); third declension

trōxallís (romanization)
τρωξαλλίδος (genitive)
ἡ τρωξαλλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ τρωξαλλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ τρωξαλλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς τρωξαλλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρωξαλλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρωξαλλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ τρωξαλλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρωξαλλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρωξαλλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
τρωξαλλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs trōxallísi (dative plural)
taîs trōxallísin (dative plural)
τὴν τρωξαλλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τρωξαλλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρωξαλλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
τρωξαλλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
τρωξαλλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
τρωξαλλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Due to the ending -αλλ- (which he proposes to derive from a palatalized alveolar lateral approximant), Beekes concludes that this term is Pre-Greek.


ἀκαρί

→ New Latin: acarus (learned)

→ Translingual: Acari

Uncertain; probably Pre-Greek. Compare κάρνος (kárnos, “louse”), κόρις (kóris, “bedbug”). Sometimes connected to ἀκαρής (akarḗs).


ῥίνη

ῥί̄νη • (rhí̄nē) f (genitive ῥί̄νης); first declension

ῥί̄νη (canonical)
rhí̄nē (romanization)
ῥί̄νης (genitive)
ἡ ῥῑ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῑ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥῖναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥῑ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῑ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῑνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥῑ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῑ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥῑ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥῑ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῑ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥῑ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥῑ́νη (singular vocative)
ῥῑ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
ῥῖναι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Rhina

angel shark (Squatina squatina), whose skin was used for polishing wood and marble


σάγμα

σάγμᾰ • (ságma) n (genitive σάγμᾰτος); third declension

σάγμᾰ (canonical)
ságma (romanization)
σάγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σᾰ́γμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰ́γμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰ́γμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰ́γμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σᾰ́γμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs ságmasi (dative plural)
toîs ságmasin (dative plural)
τὸ σᾰ́γμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́γμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σᾰ́γμᾰ (singular vocative)
σᾰ́γμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: sagma

→ French: somme

→ German: Saum

→ Italian: salma, soma

From σάττω (sáttō, “I cram, I stuff”) and the suffix -μα (-ma). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (“to press, squeeze”) (Proto-Germanic *þwangiz).

der

A covering, a clothing; the covering of a shield


σίαλος

grc-noun

σίᾰλος • (síalos) m (genitive σῐάλου); second declension

σίᾰλος (canonical)
síalos (romanization)
σῐάλου (genitive)
ὁ σῐ́ᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ σῐ́ᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν σῐ́ᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σῐᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
σῐ́ᾰλε (singular vocative)
σῐᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σῐ́ᾰλοι (plural vocative)

The word has been connected with Ancient Greek σίαλον (síalon, “spittle, slobber”), Old English þwīnan (“to become weak”) and Proto-Slavic *tyti (“to become fat”) but all these proposals seem unconvincing. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.


σκίγγος

grc-noun

σκίγγος • (skíngos) m (genitive σκίγγου); second declension

skíngos (romanization)
σκίγγου (genitive)
ὁ σκῐ́γγος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκῐ́γγω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκῐ́γγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκῐ́γγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκῐ́γγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκῐ́γγοις (dative plural)
τὸν σκῐ́γγον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκῐ́γγω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκῐ́γγους (accusative plural)
σκῐ́γγε (singular vocative)
σκῐ́γγω (dual vocative)
σκῐ́γγοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: scincos, scincus (see there for further descendants)

The variation points to Semitic origin, since there a nasal followed by a stop is often replaced with a geminate stop; the word is there attested in Classical Syriac ܣܩܝܢܩܘܪ (sqinqūr, “skink”) with variants and Akkadian 𒆲𒁯 (KUN.DAR /šakkadirru, šakkatirru/, “skink”, literally “mongoose of the forest”), originally applied to another relatable creature, but again listed separately as a type of lizard as well.


ἐλλός

grc-noun

ἐλλός • (ellós) m (genitive ἐλλοῦ); second declension

ellós (romanization)
ἐλλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἐλλός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐλλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐλλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐλλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐλλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐλλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἐλλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐλλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐλλούς (accusative plural)
ἐλλέ (singular vocative)
ἐλλώ (dual vocative)
ἐλλοί (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁el-nó-s, from *h₁el- (“deer”). Compare ἔλαφος (élaphos, “red deer”), Lithuanian elnias (“deer, stag, hart”), Russian оле́нь (olénʹ, “deer”), Russian лось (losʹ, “elk”), Old Armenian եղն (ełn, “hind”).


πέρκος

πέρκος • (pérkos) m (genitive πέρκου); second declension

pérkos (romanization)
πέρκου (genitive)
ὁ πέρκος (nominative singular)
τὼ πέρκω (dual nominative)
οἱ πέρκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πέρκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πέρκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πέρκων (genitive plural)
τῷ πέρκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πέρκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πέρκοις (dative plural)
τὸν πέρκον (accusative singular)
τὼ πέρκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πέρκους (accusative plural)
πέρκε (singular vocative)
πέρκω (dual vocative)
πέρκοι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“motley, coloured”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *farwō (“colour”) and Ancient Greek περκνός (perknós, “dusky”).


νεβρός

grc-noun

νεβρός • (nebrós) m (genitive νεβροῦ); second declension

nebrós (romanization)
νεβροῦ (genitive)
ὁ νεβρός (nominative singular)
τὼ νεβρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ νεβροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ νεβροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν νεβροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν νεβρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ νεβρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν νεβροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς νεβροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν νεβρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ νεβρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς νεβρούς (accusative plural)
νεβρέ (singular vocative)
νεβρώ (dual vocative)
νεβροί (plural vocative)

Some have tried a connection with Old Armenian ներկ (nerk, “color”), deriving both from a Proto-Indo-European root *(s)negʷro-, because often the deer and the hind are called after their variegated color (compare πρόξ (próx, “roe deer”) and περκνός (perknós, “dusky”)). Others derive it from Proto-Indo-European *negʷ- (“naked”).


πρόξ

πρόξ • (próx) f (genitive προκός); third declension

próx (romanization)
προκός (genitive)
ἡ πρόξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πρόκε (dual nominative)
αἱ πρόκες (nominative plural)
τῆς προκός (genitive singular)
τοῖν προκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν προκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ προκῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν προκοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς προξῐ́ (dative plural)
προξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs proxí (dative plural)
taîs proxín (dative plural)
τὴν πρόκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πρόκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πρόκᾰς (accusative plural)
πρόξ (singular vocative)
πρόκε (dual vocative)
πρόκες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“motley, coloured”). Cognate with Ancient Greek περκνός (perknós, “dusky”) and Proto-Germanic *farwō (“colour”).


βόλινθος

βόλινθος • (bólinthos) m (genitive βολίνθου); second declension

bólinthos (romanization)
βολίνθου (genitive)
ὁ βόλινθος (nominative singular)
τὼ βολίνθω (dual nominative)
οἱ βόλινθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βολίνθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βολίνθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βολίνθων (genitive plural)
τῷ βολίνθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βολίνθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βολίνθοις (dative plural)
τὸν βόλινθον (accusative singular)
τὼ βολίνθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βολίνθους (accusative plural)
βόλινθε (singular vocative)
βολίνθω (dual vocative)
βόλινθοι (plural vocative)


τρυγών

τρῡγών • (trūgṓn) f (genitive τρυγόνος); third declension

τρῡγών (canonical)
trūgṓn (romanization)
τρυγόνος (genitive)
ἡ τρῡγών (nominative singular)
τὼ τρῡγόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῡγόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῡγόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρῡγόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρῡγόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῡγόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρῡγόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῡγόσῐ (dative plural)
τρῡγόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs trūgósi (dative plural)
taîs trūgósin (dative plural)
τὴν τρῡγόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τρῡγόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῡγόνᾰς (accusative plural)
τρῡγών (singular vocative)
τρῡγόνε (dual vocative)
τρῡγόνες (plural vocative)

desc

→ Latin: trȳgōn f (“turtle dove”), trȳgōn m (“stingray”)

Italian: trigone

Translingual: Trygon (“Trygon”)

Greek: τρυγόνι (trygóni) (from τρῡγόνιον (trūgónion), the diminutive of τρυγών (trugṓn))


κραγγών

grc-noun

κραγγών • (krangṓn) m (genitive κραγγῶνος); third declension

krangṓn (romanization)
κραγγῶνος (genitive)
ὁ κραγγών (nominative singular)
τὼ κραγγῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ κραγγῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κραγγῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κραγγώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κραγγώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κραγγῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κραγγώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κραγγῶσῐ (dative plural)
κραγγῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs krangôsi (dative plural)
toîs krangôsin (dative plural)
τὸν κραγγῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κραγγῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κραγγῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
κραγγών (singular vocative)
κραγγῶνε (dual vocative)
κραγγῶνες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin and not related to Sanskrit शृङ्ग (śṛṅga, “horn”)).

A kind of shrimp, mantis shrimp (Squilla mantis)


κώνωψ

κώνωψ • (kṓnōps) m (genitive κώνωπος); third declension

kṓnōps (romanization)
κώνωπος (genitive)
ὁ κώνωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ κώνωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ κώνωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κώνωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κωνώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κωνώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ κώνωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κωνώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κώνωψῐ (dative plural)
κώνωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs kṓnōpsi (dative plural)
toîs kṓnōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν κώνωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κώνωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κώνωπᾰς (accusative plural)
κώνωψ (singular vocative)
κώνωπε (dual vocative)
κώνωπες (plural vocative)

Beekes dismisses a derivation from κῶνος (kônos, “cone”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face”) and prefers to derive it from Pre-Greek. Compare, however, Egyptian ḫnws, ḫnms (“a kind of stinging insect”), which has also been suggested as a source.


φήνη

φήνη • (phḗnē) f (genitive φήνης); first declension

phḗnē (romanization)
φήνης (genitive)
ἡ φήνη (nominative singular)
τὼ φήνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῆναι (nominative plural)
τῆς φήνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φήναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φήνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φήναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φήναις (dative plural)
τὴν φήνην (accusative singular)
τὼ φήνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φήνᾱς (accusative plural)
φήνη (singular vocative)
φήνᾱ (dual vocative)
φῆναι (plural vocative)

The presence of an alternative form leads to a Pre-Greek origin.

Gypaetus barbatus
Gypaetus barbatus#Translingual

lammergeier, ossifrage (Gypaetus barbatus)


φρύνη

φρῡ́νη • (phrū́nē) f (genitive φρῡ́νης); first declension

φρῡ́νη (canonical)
phrū́nē (romanization)
φρῡ́νης (genitive)
ἡ φρῡ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ φρῡ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φρῦναι (nominative plural)
τῆς φρῡ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φρῡ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φρῡνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φρῡ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φρῡ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φρῡ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν φρῡ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ φρῡ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φρῡ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
φρῡ́νη (singular vocative)
φρῡ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
φρῦναι (plural vocative)

If referring to the color, the word might be identical in origin with Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“grey, brown”). With reduplication, compare Sanskrit बभ्रु (babhru, “mongoose”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (baβra, “beaver”), Latin fiber (“beaver”) and Lithuanian bẽbras (“beaver”), all from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus. However, the variation between φρυν- and φρουν- rather points to a Pre-Greek word, according to Beekes.


ἀβραμίς

grc-noun

ἀβρᾰμῐ́ς • (abramís) f (genitive ἀβρᾰμῐ́δος); third declension

ἀβρᾰμῐ́ς (canonical)
abramís (romanization)
ἀβρᾰμῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἀβρᾰμῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀβρᾰμῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀβρᾰμῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀβρᾰμῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀβρᾰμῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀβρᾰμῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀβρᾰμῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀβρᾰμῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀβρᾰμῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀβρᾰμῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs abramísi (dative plural)
taîs abramísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀβρᾰμῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀβρᾰμῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀβρᾰμῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀβρᾰμῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀβρᾰμῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀβρᾰμῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ New Latin: Abramis (learned)

According to Beekes, either Pre-Greek or a loan from Egyptian r-m-K1 (rm, “tilapia”).


αἰγωλιός

αἰγωλῐός • (aigōliós) m (genitive αἰγωλῐοῦ); second declension

αἰγωλῐός (canonical)
aigōliós (romanization)
αἰγωλῐοῦ (genitive)
ὁ αἰγωλῐός (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγωλῐώ (dual nominative)
οἱ αἰγωλῐοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγωλῐοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγωλῐοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγωλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγωλῐῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγωλῐοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγωλῐοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν αἰγωλῐόν (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγωλῐώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγωλῐούς (accusative plural)
αἰγωλῐέ (singular vocative)
αἰγωλῐώ (dual vocative)
αἰγωλῐοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: aegolios

→ Translingual: Aegolius

unk

unknown


ῥυντάκης

grc-noun

ῥυντάκης • (rhuntákēs) m (genitive ῥυντάκου); first declension

rhuntákēs (romanization)
ῥυντάκου (genitive)
ὁ ῥυντάκης (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥυντάκᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥυντάκαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥυντάκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥυντάκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥυντακῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥυντάκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥυντάκαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥυντάκαις (dative plural)
τὸν ῥυντάκην (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥυντάκᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥυντάκᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥυντάκη (singular vocative)
ῥυντάκᾱ (dual vocative)
ῥυντάκαι (plural vocative)


σηπία

σηπίᾱ • (sēpíā) f (genitive σηπίᾱς); first declension

σηπίᾱ (canonical)
sēpíā (romanization)
σηπίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σηπίᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ σηπίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σηπίαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σηπίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σηπίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σηπιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σηπίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σηπίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σηπίαις (dative plural)
τὴν σηπίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ σηπίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σηπίᾱς (accusative plural)
σηπίᾱ (singular vocative)
σηπίᾱ (dual vocative)
σηπίαι (plural vocative)

Greek: σουπιά (soupiá)

Latin: sepia

A connection with σήπω (sḗpō, “to rot”) is semantically possible but formally problematic. However, it may be more likely that the word is of Pre-Greek origin.


μύλλος

μύλλος • (múllos) m (genitive μύλλου); second declension

múllos (romanization)
μύλλου (genitive)
ὁ μῠ́λλος (nominative singular)
τὼ μῠ́λλω (dual nominative)
οἱ μῠ́λλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μῠ́λλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μῠ́λλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μῠ́λλων (genitive plural)
τῷ μῠ́λλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μῠ́λλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μῠ́λλοις (dative plural)
τὸν μῠ́λλον (accusative singular)
τὼ μῠ́λλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μῠ́λλους (accusative plural)
μῠ́λλε (singular vocative)
μῠ́λλω (dual vocative)
μῠ́λλοι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: mullus
Catalan: moll
Old French: mulet
→ English: mullet
French: mulet
Translingual: Mullus

The etymology remains unknown, as the connection with μέλας (mélas, “dark in color”) is a pure hypothesis.

unk

unknown

A kind of fish brought salted from the Black Sea


οἰνάς

grc-noun

οἰνᾰ́ς • (oinás) f (genitive οἰνᾰ́δος); third declension

οἰνᾰ́ς (canonical)
oinás (romanization)
οἰνᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ οἰνᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
οἰνᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs oinási (dative plural)
taîs oinásin (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
οἰνᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
οἰνᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
οἰνᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Oena

Columba livia
Columba livia#Translingual


κολοιός

κολοιός • (koloiós) m (genitive κολοιοῦ); second declension

koloiós (romanization)
κολοιοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κολοιός (nominative singular)
τὼ κολοιώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κολοιοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κολοιοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κολοιοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κολοιῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κολοιῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κολοιοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κολοιοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κολοιόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κολοιώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κολοιούς (accusative plural)
κολοιέ (singular vocative)
κολοιώ (dual vocative)
κολοιοί (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Coloeus

Onomatopoeic origin cannot be further substantiated; neither does the word belong to καλέω (kaléō, “to call, summon”). It would be highly unsatisfactory to separate κολῳός (kolōiós, “brawling”) from this word, but an explanation of the notation with -ῳ- has not been found. Confront also κολουᾶν (kolouân, “to make noise”) and κολοίφρυξ (koloíphrux, “Tanagrian cock”). These variants may prove a Pre-Greek origin.

Coloeus monedula
Coloeus monedula#Translingual


κρέξ

κρέξ • (kréx) f (genitive κρεκός); third declension

kréx (romanization)
κρεκός (genitive)
ἡ κρέξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κρέκε (dual nominative)
αἱ κρέκες (nominative plural)
τῆς κρεκός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρεκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρεκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κρεκῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρεκοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κρεξῐ́ (dative plural)
κρεξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs krexí (dative plural)
taîs krexín (dative plural)
τὴν κρέκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κρέκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κρέκᾰς (accusative plural)
κρέξ (singular vocative)
κρέκε (dual vocative)
κρέκες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Crex

According to Beekes, perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root (of possible onomatopoeic origin) common to Sanskrit कृकर (kṛkara, “a kind of partridge”), Russian кре́чет (kréčet, “gyrfalcon”), Old Prussian kerko (“diver, loon”), and Irish cearc (“hen”). The word has also been compared with κερκάς (kerkás, “crake”), κερκιθαλίς (kerkithalís, “stork”) and κέρκνος (kérknos, “hawk or cock”).

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

cog

Philomachus pugnax
Philomachus pugnax#Translingual

long-legged bird, perhaps:
ruff (Philomachus pugnax)


χλούνης

grc-noun

χλούνης • (khloúnēs) m (genitive χλούνου); first declension

khloúnēs (romanization)
χλούνου (genitive)
ὁ χλούνης (nominative singular)
τὼ χλούνᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ χλοῦναι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χλούνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χλούναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χλουνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χλούνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν χλούναιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χλούναις (dative plural)
τὸν χλούνην (accusative singular)
τὼ χλούνᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χλούνᾱς (accusative plural)
χλούνη (singular vocative)
χλούνᾱ (dual vocative)
χλοῦναι (plural vocative)

Unknown, but perhaps contracted form χλοεύνης, see also the definition below.

unk

Unknown

A wild boar described as τομίας (tomías, “castrated”), μονιός (moniós, “solitary”), ἀφριστής (aphristḗs, “foaming at the mouth”) and χλοεύνης (khloeúnēs, “couching in the grass”)


στόρθυγξ

grc-noun

στόρθῠγξ • (stórthunx) m or f (genitive στόρθῠγγος); third declension

στόρθῠγξ (canonical)
stórthunx (romanization)
στόρθῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs stórthunxi (dative plural)
toîs stórthunxin (dative plural)
τὸν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)
ἡ στόρθῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ στόρθῠγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς στόρθῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στορθῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ στόρθῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν στορθῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς στόρθῠγξῐ (dative plural)
στόρθῠγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs stórthunxi (dative plural)
taîs stórthunxin (dative plural)
τὴν στόρθῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ στόρθῠγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς στόρθῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
στόρθῠγξ (singular vocative)
στόρθῠγγε (dual vocative)
στόρθῠγγες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.


σέρφος

σέρφος • (sérphos) m (genitive σέρφου); second declension

sérphos (romanization)
σέρφου (genitive)
ὁ σέρφος (nominative singular)
τὼ σέρφω (dual nominative)
οἱ σέρφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σέρφου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σέρφοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σέρφων (genitive plural)
τῷ σέρφῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σέρφοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σέρφοις (dative plural)
τὸν σέρφον (accusative singular)
τὼ σέρφω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σέρφους (accusative plural)
σέρφε (singular vocative)
σέρφω (dual vocative)
σέρφοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin. Compare also σέριφος (sériphos).


σκολόπαξ

σκολόπαξ • (skolópax) m (genitive σκολόπᾰκος); third declension

skolópax (romanization)
σκολόπᾰκος (genitive)
ὁ σκολόπᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκολόπᾰκε (dual nominative)
οἱ σκολόπᾰκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκολόπᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκολοπᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκολοπᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκολόπᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκολοπᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκολόπᾰξῐ (dative plural)
σκολόπᾰξῐν (dative plural)
toîs skolópaxi (dative plural)
toîs skolópaxin (dative plural)
τὸν σκολόπᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σκολόπᾰκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκολόπᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
σκολόπᾰξ (singular vocative)
σκολόπᾰκε (dual vocative)
σκολόπᾰκες (plural vocative)

Latin: scolopax

Translingual: Scolopax

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin. The resemblance with σκόλοψ (skólops, “pole”) might be due to folk-etymological adaptation.

Scolopax rusticola
Scolopax rusticola#Translingual


ἐμπίς

ἐμπῐ́ς • (empís) f (genitive ἐμπῐ́δος); third declension

ἐμπῐ́ς (canonical)
empís (romanization)
ἐμπῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἐμπῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμπῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐμπῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐμπῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμπῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμπῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐμπῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμπῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐμπῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἐμπῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs empísi (dative plural)
taîs empísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἐμπῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμπῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐμπῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐμπῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἐμπῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἐμπῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Empis

Popular derivation from ἐμπίνω (empínō, “to drink (blood)”). Pokorny connects Proto-West Germanic *imbī (“bee”), deriving both from Proto-Indo-European *h₁empís (“gnat, biting insect”), though Kroonen rejects this comparison and Mallory and Adams call it "not universally accepted."


κίσιρνις

head

κίσιρνις • (kísirnis)

According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek, due to the presence of the cluster "-ρν-".

Hesychius' gives the definition as: a kind of bird


σκόμβρος

grc-noun

σκόμβρος • (skómbros) m (genitive σκόμβρου); second declension

skómbros (romanization)
σκόμβρου (genitive)
ὁ σκόμβρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκόμβρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκόμβροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκόμβρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκόμβροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκόμβρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκόμβρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκόμβροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκόμβροις (dative plural)
τὸν σκόμβρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκόμβρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκόμβρους (accusative plural)
σκόμβρε (singular vocative)
σκόμβρω (dual vocative)
σκόμβροι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: scomber
→ English: scomber
→ Italian: sgombro
→ Spanish: escombro
→ Translingual: Scomber

Scomber scombrus
Scomber scombrus#Translingual

σκουμπρί

σκομβρίς (skombrís)


σαργός

grc-noun

σᾰργός • (sargós) m (genitive σᾰργοῦ); second declension

σᾰργός (canonical)
sargós (romanization)
σᾰργοῦ (genitive)
ὁ σᾰργός (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰργώ (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾰργοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾰργοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰργοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰργῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾰργῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰργοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾰργοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν σᾰργόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰργώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾰργούς (accusative plural)
σᾰργέ (singular vocative)
σᾰργώ (dual vocative)
σᾰργοί (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sargus

→ English: sargo

→ Italian: sarago

According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek.

Diplodus sargus
Diplodus sargus#Translingual


σάλπη

σᾰ́λπη • (sálpē) f (genitive σᾰ́λπης); first declension

σᾰ́λπη (canonical)
sálpē (romanization)
σᾰ́λπης (genitive)
ἡ σᾰ́λπη (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́λπᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σᾰ́λπαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σᾰ́λπης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰ́λπαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰλπῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σᾰ́λπῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰ́λπαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σᾰ́λπαις (dative plural)
τὴν σᾰ́λπην (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰ́λπᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σᾰ́λπᾱς (accusative plural)
σᾰ́λπη (singular vocative)
σᾰ́λπᾱ (dual vocative)
σᾰ́λπαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: salpa

→ English: salpa

→ Italian: salpa

→ Translingual: Sarpa

From Egyptian, found in Coptic ϫⲉⲗϥⲁⲧ (čelfat), ⲥⲗⲃⲟⲧ (slbot), Arabic شِلْبَا (šilbā), or perhaps already Pre-Greek and of shared origin.


σκάρος

σκάρος • (skáros) m (genitive σκάρου); second declension

skáros (romanization)
σκάρου (genitive)
ὁ σκᾰ́ρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σκᾰ́ροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σκᾰ́ρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
σκᾰ́ρε (singular vocative)
σκᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
σκᾰ́ροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: scarus

→ Classical Syriac: ܣܩܪܘܣ (/sqrws/)

→ Old Armenian: սկարոս (skaros)

desctree

→ Old Georgian: სკაროსი (sḳarosi)
→ Georgian: სკაროსი (sḳarosi) (learned)

According to Beekes, perhaps related to σκαίρω (skaírō, “to dance, to jump”) because of its lively movements. Or maybe related to σκαρῖτις (skarîtis, “a kind of stone”) if named after its colour. Both could be from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”); see σκορπίος (skorpíos) and Albanian harrok. However, also compare Welsh cerdded (“to leap”).


δέλλις

grc-noun

δέλλῑς • (déllīs) f (genitive δέλλῑθος); third declension

δέλλῑς (canonical)
déllīs (romanization)
δέλλῑθος (genitive)
ἡ δέλλῑς (nominative singular)
τὼ δέλλῑθε (dual nominative)
αἱ δέλλῑθες (nominative plural)
τῆς δέλλῑθος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δελλῑ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δελλῑ́θων (genitive plural)
τῇ δέλλῑθῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δελλῑ́θοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δέλλῑσῐ (dative plural)
δέλλῑσῐν (dative plural)
taîs déllīsi (dative plural)
taîs déllīsin (dative plural)
τὴν δέλλῑθᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δέλλῑθε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δέλλῑθᾰς (accusative plural)
δέλλῑς (singular vocative)
δέλλῑθε (dual vocative)
δέλλῑθες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, the geminate "-λλ-" leads to a Pre-Greek origin.


γαλέη

γᾰλέη • (galéē) f (genitive γᾰλέης); first declension

γᾰλέη (canonical)
galéē (romanization)
γᾰλέης (genitive)
ἡ γᾰλέη (nominative singular)
τὼ γᾰλέᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γᾰλέαι (nominative plural)
τῆς γᾰλέης (genitive singular)
τοῖν γᾰλέαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γᾰλεῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γᾰλέῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν γᾰλέαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γᾰλέαις (dative plural)
τὴν γᾰλέην (accusative singular)
τὼ γᾰλέᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γᾰλέᾱς (accusative plural)
γᾰλέη (singular vocative)
γᾰλέᾱ (dual vocative)
γᾰλέαι (plural vocative)

→⇒ English: galeanthropy, galeophobia

desc

→⇒ Translingual: Cheirogaleus, Dasogale, Galidia, Petrogale, Phascogale, Planigale, Spilogale

From Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁éys (“weasel, mouse”) and cognate with Latin glīs (“dormouse”), Sanskrit गिरि (girí, “mouse”). According to Beekes, the word originally indicated the skin and later the animal itself.

der

name given to various animals of the Mustelidae family, like martens, weasels and polecats


σίττη

grc-noun

σῐ́ττη • (síttē) f (genitive σῐ́ττης); first declension

σῐ́ττη (canonical)
síttē (romanization)
σῐ́ττης (genitive)
ἡ σῐ́ττη (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐ́ττᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῐ́τται (nominative plural)
τῆς σῐ́ττης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐ́τταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐττῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῐ́ττῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐ́τταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῐ́τταις (dative plural)
τὴν σῐ́ττην (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐ́ττᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῐ́ττᾱς (accusative plural)
σῐ́ττη (singular vocative)
σῐ́ττᾱ (dual vocative)
σῐ́τται (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Sitta

According to Beekes, of onomatopoeic origin but Furnée links the word with ψίττακος (psíttakos, “parrot”).

Sitta europaea
Sitta europaea#Translingual


δαμάλης

δαμάλης • (damálēs) m (genitive δαμάλου); first declension

damálēs (romanization)
δαμάλου (genitive)
ὁ δᾰμᾰ́λης (nominative singular)
τὼ δᾰμᾰ́λᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ δᾰμᾰ́λαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δᾰμᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δᾰμᾰ́λαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δᾰμᾰλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ δᾰμᾰ́λῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δᾰμᾰ́λαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δᾰμᾰ́λαις (dative plural)
τὸν δᾰμᾰ́λην (accusative singular)
τὼ δᾰμᾰ́λᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς δᾰμᾰ́λᾱς (accusative plural)
δᾰμᾰ́λη (singular vocative)
δᾰμᾰ́λᾱ (dual vocative)
δᾰμᾰ́λαι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“to domesticate, tame”) and cognate with Latin domō (“I tame”).


γράα

grc-noun

γράᾱ • (gráā) f (genitive γράᾱς); first declension

γράᾱ (canonical)
gráā (romanization)
γράᾱς (genitive)
ἡ γράᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ γράᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γράαι (nominative plural)
τῆς γράᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν γράαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γραῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γράᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γράαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γράαις (dative plural)
τὴν γράᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ γράᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γράᾱς (accusative plural)
γράᾱ (singular vocative)
γράᾱ (dual vocative)
γράαι (plural vocative)

From an Indo-Aryan word related to Sanskrit ग्रह (graha, “crocodile”, literally “seizing, holding, catching, receiving”).

cog

kind of water snake mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea


σάνδαλον

grc-noun

σάνδᾰλον • (sándalon) n (genitive σανδάλου); second declension

σάνδᾰλον (canonical)
sándalon (romanization)
σανδάλου (genitive)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σανδᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σανδᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ σανδᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σανδᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σανδᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ σάνδᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ σανδᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σάνδᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
σάνδᾰλον (singular vocative)
σανδᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
σάνδᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Likely from Pre-Greek or some other foreign source, in view of the alternation "νδ/μβ".


δάνδηξ

δάνδηξ • (dándēx) m (genitive δάνδηκος); third declension

dándēx (romanization)
δάνδηκος (genitive)
ὁ δάνδηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ δάνδηκε (dual nominative)
οἱ δάνδηκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δάνδηκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δανδήκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δανδήκων (genitive plural)
τῷ δάνδηκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δανδήκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δάνδηξῐ (dative plural)
δάνδηξῐν (dative plural)
toîs dándēxi (dative plural)
toîs dándēxin (dative plural)
τὸν δάνδηκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δάνδηκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δάνδηκᾰς (accusative plural)
δάνδηξ (singular vocative)
δάνδηκε (dual vocative)
δάνδηκες (plural vocative)


μόσχος

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

móskhos (romanization)
μόσχου (genitive)
ὁ μόσχος (nominative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόσχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μόσχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μόσχων (genitive plural)
τῷ μόσχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μόσχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μόσχοις (dative plural)
τὸν μόσχον (accusative singular)
τὼ μόσχω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μόσχους (accusative plural)
μόσχε (singular vocative)
μόσχω (dual vocative)
μόσχοι (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܘܣܟܘܣ

According to Beekes, related to Armenian մոզի (mozi, “two-year-old bull”) and maybe from a Proto-Indo-European *mosǵʰ-o- (“young of an animal; young shoot”). The appurtenance of Lithuanian mãzgas (“bud of a tree; knot”) to the Greco-Armenian terms is less certain and straightforward.


ὄστλιγξ

grc-noun

ὄστλῐγξ • (óstlinx) f (genitive ὄστλῐγγος); third declension

ὄστλῐγξ (canonical)
óstlinx (romanization)
ὄστλῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ ὄστλῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄστλῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ὄστλῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀστλῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ ὄστλῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀστλῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὄστλῐγξῐ (dative plural)
ὄστλῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxi (dative plural)
taîs óstlinxin (dative plural)
τὴν ὄστλῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ὄστλῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὄστλῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
ὄστλῐγξ (singular vocative)
ὄστλῐγγε (dual vocative)
ὄστλῐγγες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to θῶμιγξ (thôminx), ἶλιγξ (îlinx) and στρόφιγξ (stróphinx). The presence of the variant shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.


σμαρίς

σμᾰρίς • (smarís) f (genitive σμᾰρίδος); third declension

σμᾰρίς (canonical)
smarís (romanization)
σμᾰρίδος (genitive)
ἡ σμᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σμᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σμᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σμᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σμᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs smarísi (dative plural)
taîs smarísin (dative plural)
τὴν σμᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σμᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σμᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σμᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σμᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: smaris

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: σμαρίδα (smarída) (learned)

> Greek: μαρίδα (marída) (inherited)

A connection with σμηρίζω (smērízō, “to plane, to polish”) is implausible. Furnée, instead, convincingly compares the word with σπάρος (spáros, “annular sea bream”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.


σπάρος

grc-noun

σπάρος • (spáros) m (genitive σπάρου); second declension

spáros (romanization)
σπάρου (genitive)
ὁ σπᾰ́ρος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ σπᾰ́ροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν σπᾰ́ρον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
σπᾰ́ρε (singular vocative)
σπᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
σπᾰ́ροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sparus (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Perhaps from Pre-Greek and related to σμαρίς (smarís).


μίδας

μίδᾱς • (mídās) m (genitive μίδου); first declension

μίδᾱς (canonical)
mídās (romanization)
μίδου (genitive)
ὁ μίδᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ μίδᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ μίδαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μίδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μίδαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μιδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ μίδᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μίδαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μίδαις (dative plural)
τὸν μίδᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ μίδᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς μίδᾱς (accusative plural)
μίδᾱ (singular vocative)
μίδᾱ (dual vocative)
μίδαι (plural vocative)


ἴξαλος

ἴξᾰλος • (íxalos) m (genitive ἰξάλου); second declension

ἴξᾰλος (canonical)
íxalos (romanization)
ἰξάλου (genitive)
ὁ ἴξᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴξᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰξᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰξᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰξᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰξᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰξᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴξᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰξᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰξᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
ἴξᾰλε (singular vocative)
ἰξᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ἴξᾰλοι (plural vocative)

According to Furnée and Beekes, from Pre-Greek.


ἀνθηδών

ἀνθηδών • (anthēdṓn) f (genitive ἀνθηδόνος); third declension

anthēdṓn (romanization)
ἀνθηδόνος (genitive)
ἡ ἀνθηδών (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀνθηδόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀνθηδόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθηδόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀνθηδόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀνθηδόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθηδόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀνθηδόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνθηδόσῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθηδόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs anthēdósi (dative plural)
taîs anthēdósin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀνθηδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀνθηδόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθηδόνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀνθηδών (singular vocative)
ἀνθηδόνε (dual vocative)
ἀνθηδόνες (plural vocative)

Ultimately from ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

oriental hawthorn (Crataegus orientalis)


βύλαρος

βύλαρος • (búlaros) m (genitive βυλάρου); second declension

búlaros (romanization)
βυλάρου (genitive)
ὁ βύλαρος (nominative singular)
οἱ βύλαροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βυλάρου (genitive singular)
τῶν βυλάρων (genitive plural)
τῷ βυλάρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖς βυλάροις (dative plural)
τὸν βύλαρον (accusative singular)
τοὺς βυλάρους (accusative plural)
βύλαρε (singular vocative)
βύλαροι (plural vocative)

τὸ τῶν κανθάρων γένος τὸ παρά τισι βυλάρων καλούμενον
tò tôn kanthárōn génos tò pará tisi bulárōn kaloúmenon

c. 378 CE, Epiphanius of Salamis, Panarion 4.3.3

the species of dung beetles, which among some peoples are called "búlaroi"


βροῦκος

βροῦκος • (broûkos) m (genitive βρούκου); second declension

broûkos (romanization)
βρούκου (genitive)
ὁ βροῦκος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρούκω (dual nominative)
οἱ βροῦκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρούκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρούκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρούκων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρούκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρούκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρούκοις (dative plural)
τὸν βροῦκον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρούκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρούκους (accusative plural)
βροῦκε (singular vocative)
βρούκω (dual vocative)
βροῦκοι (plural vocative)

Latin: bruchus

→ Italian: bruco

According to Beekes, clearly a Pre-Greek word, due to the vocalic variations. The form βρύκος (brúkos) was compared with βρύκω (brúkō, “to eat greedily”), but the agreement may be secondary.


σμίνθος

σμίνθος • (smínthos) m (genitive σμίνθου); second declension

smínthos (romanization)
σμίνθου (genitive)
ὁ σμῐ́νθος (nominative singular)
τὼ σμῐ́νθω (dual nominative)
οἱ σμῐ́νθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σμῐ́νθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμῐ́νθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμῐ́νθων (genitive plural)
τῷ σμῐ́νθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμῐ́νθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σμῐ́νθοις (dative plural)
τὸν σμῐ́νθον (accusative singular)
τὼ σμῐ́νθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σμῐ́νθους (accusative plural)
σμῐ́νθε (singular vocative)
σμῐ́νθω (dual vocative)
σμῐ́νθοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, either from Pre-Greek or Anatolian.


οἰνάνθη

οἰνάνθη • (oinánthē) f (genitive οἰνάνθης); first declension

oinánthē (romanization)
οἰνάνθης (genitive)
ἡ οἰνάνθη (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οἰνάνθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς οἰνάνθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰνανθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οἰνάνθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰνάνθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οἰνάνθαις (dative plural)
τὴν οἰνάνθην (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰνάνθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οἰνάνθᾱς (accusative plural)
οἰνάνθη (singular vocative)
οἰνάνθᾱ (dual vocative)
οἰνάνθαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Oenanthe

From οἴνη (oínē, “vine”) and ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).


ἀθήρ

ἀθήρ • (athḗr) m (genitive ἀθέρος); third declension

athḗr (romanization)
ἀθέρος (genitive)
ὁ ἀθήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀθέρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀθέρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀθέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀθέρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀθέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀθέρσῐ (dative plural)
ἀθέρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs athérsi (dative plural)
toîs athérsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἀθέρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀθέρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀθέρᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀθήρ (singular vocative)
ἀθέρε (dual vocative)
ἀθέρες (plural vocative)

Greek: αθέρας (athéras), αθήρ (athír)

Not related to Latin ador (“hulled wheat”) nor to ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”). According to Beekes, the nasalized form ἀνθέριξ (anthérix) points to a Pre-Greek origin.


ἀσκαλώπας

ἀσκᾰλώπᾱς • (askalṓpās) m (genitive ἀσκᾰλώπου); first declension

ἀσκᾰλώπᾱς (canonical)
askalṓpās (romanization)
ἀσκᾰλώπου (genitive)
ὁ ἀσκαλώπᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλώπᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀσκαλῶπαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀσκαλώπου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλώπαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκαλωπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀσκαλώπᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκαλώπαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀσκαλώπαις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀσκαλώπᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκαλώπᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀσκαλώπᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀσκαλώπᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀσκαλώπᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀσκαλῶπαι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, from the same Pre-Greek root as σκολόπαξ (skolópax, “woodcock”).


ἀστακός

ἀστακός • (astakós) m (genitive ἀστακοῦ); second declension

astakós (romanization)
ἀστακοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἀστακός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστακώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀστακοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀστακοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστακοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστακῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀστακῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστακοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀστακοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀστακόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστακώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀστακούς (accusative plural)
ἀστακέ (singular vocative)
ἀστακώ (dual vocative)
ἀστακοί (plural vocative)

Greek: αστακός (astakós)

→ Latin: astacus

→ Translingual: Astacus

→ Old Armenian: աստակոս (astakos)

→ Armenian: աստակոս (astakos) (learned)

→ Old Georgian: ასთაკჳ (astaḳwi)

→ Georgian: ასთაკვი (astaḳvi) (learned)

→ Ottoman Turkish: استاقوس (ıstakoz)

→ Turkish: istakoz

→ Armenian: ըստախօզ (əstaxōz)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ја̏стог

Latin script: jȁstog

Often analyzed as a derivation of ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) but this is highly improbable. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

Homarus gammarus
Homarus gammarus#Translingual


καλλίας

καλλίᾱς • (kallíās) m (genitive καλλίου); first declension

καλλίᾱς (canonical)
kallíās (romanization)
καλλίου (genitive)
ὁ καλλίᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ καλλίᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ καλλίαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ καλλίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν καλλίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καλλιῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ καλλίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν καλλίαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς καλλίαις (dative plural)
τὸν καλλίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ καλλίᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς καλλίᾱς (accusative plural)
καλλίᾱ (singular vocative)
καλλίᾱ (dual vocative)
καλλίαι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, perhaps a euphemistic usage of the personal name Καλλίας (Kallías), which has been connected with κάλλος (kállos, “beauty”).


κηρύλος

κηρύλος • (kērúlos) m (genitive κηρύλου); second declension

kērúlos (romanization)
κηρύλου (genitive)
ὁ κηρῠ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ κηρῠ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κηρῠ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κηρῠ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηρῠ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηρῠ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κηρῠ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηρῠ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κηρῠ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κηρῠ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ κηρῠ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κηρῠ́λους (accusative plural)
κηρῠ́λε (singular vocative)
κηρῠ́λω (dual vocative)
κηρῠ́λοι (plural vocative)

No etymology. Beekes states that the suffix "-υλο-" is typical of Pre-Greek.

unk

No etymology

A fabulous sea bird, identified with the ἀλκυών (alkuṓn)


λάττα

head

λάττα • (látta)

According to Beekes, perhaps from Pre-Greek, due to the presence of the geminates "-ττ-".

Hesychius' gives the definition as: μυῖα (muîa, “fly”).


βούπρηστις

grc-noun

βουπρήστῐδος

βούπρηστῐς • (boúprēstis) f (genitive βουπρήστῐδος); third declension

βούπρηστῐς (canonical)
boúprēstis (romanization)
βουπρήστῐδος (genitive)
ἡ βούπρηστῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ βουπρήστῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ βουπρήστῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς βουπρήστῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουπρηστῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουπρηστῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ βουπρήστῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουπρηστῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βουπρήστῐσῐ (dative plural)
βουπρήστῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs bouprḗstisi (dative plural)
taîs bouprḗstisin (dative plural)
τὴν βουπρήστῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βουπρήστῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βουπρήστῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
βούπρηστῐς (singular vocative)
βουπρήστῐδε (dual vocative)
βουπρήστῐδες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

βουπρήστῐδος

Latin: būprēstis

Translingual: Buprestis

From βοῦς (boûs, “cow”) and the stem of the verb πρήθω (prḗthō) or πίμπρημι (pímprēmi, “I burn, inflame, inflate”)


κάττα

grc-noun

κάττα • (kátta) f (genitive κάττης); first declension

kátta (romanization)
κάττης (genitive)
ἡ κᾰ́ττᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́ττᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰ́τται (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰ́ττης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́τταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰττῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰ́ττῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰ́τταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰ́τταις (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰ́ττᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰ́ττᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰ́ττᾱς (accusative plural)
κᾰ́ττᾰ (singular vocative)
κᾰ́ττᾱ (dual vocative)
κᾰ́τται (plural vocative)

Mariupol Greek: ка́та (káta)

Per Babiniotis, borrowed into Koiné Greek from Late Latin catta (“female cat”); see there for further information.
Per Beekes, of unknown ultimate origin, but related to the Latin counterpart as well as cognates in various other European languages.
Replaced αἴλουρος (aílouros) in later usage.


μάσταξ

μάσταξ • (mástax) f (genitive μάστακος); third declension

mástax (romanization)
μάστακος (genitive)
ἡ μάσταξ (nominative singular)
τὼ μάστακε (dual nominative)
αἱ μάστακες (nominative plural)
τῆς μάστακος (genitive singular)
τοῖν μαστάκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μαστάκων (genitive plural)
τῇ μάστακῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν μαστάκοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς μάσταξῐ (dative plural)
μάσταξῐν (dative plural)
taîs mástaxi (dative plural)
taîs mástaxin (dative plural)
τὴν μάστακᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ μάστακε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς μάστακᾰς (accusative plural)
μάσταξ (singular vocative)
μάστακε (dual vocative)
μάστακες (plural vocative)

English: mastax

⇒ English: mastoid

→ Translingual: Mastax

According to Beekes, possibly of Pre-Greek origin and related to μασάομαι (masáomai) and μαστάζω (mastázō). The formation is similar to πόρταξ (pórtax) and μύλαξ (múlax).


βόστρυχος

βόστρῠχος • (bóstrukhos) m (genitive βοστρύχου); second declension

βόστρῠχος (canonical)
bóstrukhos (romanization)
βοστρύχου (genitive)
ὁ βόστρῠχος (nominative singular)
τὼ βοστρῠ́χω (dual nominative)
οἱ βόστρῠχοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βοστρῠ́χου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βοστρῠ́χοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βοστρῠ́χων (genitive plural)
τῷ βοστρῠ́χῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βοστρῠ́χοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βοστρῠ́χοις (dative plural)
τὸν βόστρῠχον (accusative singular)
τὼ βοστρῠ́χω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βοστρῠ́χους (accusative plural)
βόστρῠχε (singular vocative)
βοστρῠ́χω (dual vocative)
βόστρῠχοι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Bostrichus

Unknown but perhaps of Pre-Greek origin. Often connected with βότρυς (bótrus, “bunch of grapes”).


ἀλάβης

ἀλάβης • (alábēs) f (genitive ἀλάβητος); third declension

alábēs (romanization)
ἀλάβητος (genitive)
ἡ ἀλάβης (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀλάβητε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀλάβητες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀλάβητος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀλαβήτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀλαβήτων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀλάβητῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀλαβήτοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀλάβησῐ (dative plural)
ἀλάβησῐν (dative plural)
taîs alábēsi (dative plural)
taîs alábēsin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀλάβητᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀλάβητε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀλάβητᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀλάβης (singular vocative)
ἀλάβητε (dual vocative)
ἀλάβητες (plural vocative)

→ Demotic: lbs

→ Coptic: ⲗⲁⲃⲏⲥ (labēs) (Sahidic)

→ Arabic: لَبِيس (labīs)

Unclear. Perhaps from Coptic ⲗⲉⲓϥⲓ (leifi, “fish of the Nile”). However, Furnée connects this word with similar names for fish, like ἔλλοψ (éllops) and ἀλλοπίᾱς (allopíās) and concludes that it is a Pre-Greek word.
Demotic lbs (“fish of the Nile”), and its successor Coptic ⲗⲁⲃⲏⲥ (labēs), is certainly a reborrowing from Greek.

unk

Unclear

cog

A kind of fish that lives in the Nile (possibly Labeo niloticus)


ἀλλοπίας

grc-noun

ἀλλοπίᾱς • (allopíās) m (genitive ἀλλοπίου); first declension

ἀλλοπίᾱς (canonical)
allopíās (romanization)
ἀλλοπίου (genitive)
ὁ ἀλλοπίᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀλλοπίᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀλλοπίαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀλλοπίου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀλλοπίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀλλοπιῶν (genitive plural)
ἀλλοπιάων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀλλοπίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀλλοπίαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀλλοπίαις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀλλοπίᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀλλοπίᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀλλοπίᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀλλοπίᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀλλοπίᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀλλοπίαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀλλοπιῶν, ἀλλοπιάων

Perhaps from the same Pre-Greek root of ἀλάβης (alábēs) and ἔλλοψ (éllops). Compare also αὐλωπίας (aulōpías).


κειρία

grc-noun

κειρῐ́ᾱ • (keiríā) f (genitive κειρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

κειρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
keiríā (romanization)
κειρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ κειρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ κειρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κειρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς κειρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν κειρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κειρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κειρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κειρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κειρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν κειρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κειρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κειρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κειρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κειρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κειρῐ́αι (plural vocative)

The connection with καῖρος (kaîros, “string”) seems obvious. The presence of the alternative forms leads to a Pre-Greek origin.


λάρος

λᾰ́ρος • (láros) m (genitive λᾰ́ρου); second declension

λᾰ́ρος (canonical)
láros (romanization)
λᾰ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ λᾰ́ρος (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ λᾰ́ροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ λᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ λᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν λᾰ́ρον (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς λᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
λᾰ́ρε (singular vocative)
λᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
λᾰ́ροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: larus

→ Translingual: Larus

→ Old Georgian: ლაროსი (larosi)

Probably of onomatopoeic origin but compare Armenian լոր (lor, “quail”).

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

kind of ravenous sea bird, perhaps the seamew, the gull


λάβραξ

grc-noun

λάβραξ • (lábrax) m (genitive λάβρᾱκος); third declension

lábrax (romanization)
λάβρᾱκος (genitive)
ὁ λάβρᾱξ (nominative singular)
τὼ λάβρᾱκε (dual nominative)
οἱ λάβρᾱκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ λάβρᾱκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν λαβρᾱ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λαβρᾱ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ λάβρᾱκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν λαβρᾱ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λάβρᾱξῐ (dative plural)
λάβρᾱξῐν (dative plural)
toîs lábrāxi (dative plural)
toîs lábrāxin (dative plural)
τὸν λάβρᾱκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ λάβρᾱκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς λάβρᾱκᾰς (accusative plural)
λάβρᾱξ (singular vocative)
λάβρᾱκε (dual vocative)
λάβρᾱκες (plural vocative)

Latin: Labrax

→ Old Armenian: ղաբրաքս (łabrakʻs)

From λάβρος (lábros, “furious, fierce”).

Dicentrarchus labrax
Dicentrarchus labrax#Translingual


ἔλλοψ

ἔλλοψ • (éllops) m (genitive ἔλλοπος); third declension

éllops (romanization)
ἔλλοπος (genitive)
ὁ ἔλλοψ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἔλλοπε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἔλλοπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἔλλοπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐλλόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐλλόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἔλλοπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐλλόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἔλλοψῐ (dative plural)
ἔλλοψῐν (dative plural)
toîs éllopsi (dative plural)
toîs éllopsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἔλλοπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἔλλοπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἔλλοπᾰς (accusative plural)
ἔλλοψ (singular vocative)
ἔλλοπε (dual vocative)
ἔλλοπες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: helops

Beekes suggest a Pre-Greek origin for this word in view of the variation λ/λλ. He further connects the word with ἀλλοπίας (allopías), hinting at a common word for a great fish.

Acipenser sturio
Acipenser sturio#Translingual

European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio)


κλεμμύς

κλεμμῠ́ς • (klemmús) f (genitive κλεμμῠ́ος); third declension

κλεμμῠ́ς (canonical)
klemmús (romanization)
κλεμμῠ́ος (genitive)
ἡ κλεμμῠ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κλεμμῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ κλεμμῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς κλεμμῠός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλεμμῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλεμμῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κλεμμῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλεμμῠοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κλεμμῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλεμμῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs klemmusí (dative plural)
taîs klemmusín (dative plural)
τὴν κλεμμῠ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ κλεμμῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κλεμμῦς (accusative plural)
κλεμμῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
κλεμμῠ́ (singular vocative)
κλεμμῠ́ε (dual vocative)
κλεμμῠ́ες (plural vocative)

The formation is similar to that of synonymous words χέλυς (khélus) and ἐμύς (emús). Originally considered a folk-etymological adaptation to κλέμμα (klémma) and κλέπτω (kléptō, “to conceal”), because turtles can hide their bodies under their shell. Furnée compares κρεμύς (kremús, “a kind of fish”) and χρέμυς (khrémus, “a sort of cod”); these variants confirm that the word is Pre-Greek.


ψάλιον

ψάλῐον • (psálion) n (genitive ψᾰλίου); second declension

ψάλῐον (canonical)
psálion (romanization)
ψᾰλίου (genitive)
τὸ ψάλῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ ψαλῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ψάλῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψαλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψαλῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψαλῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ψαλῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψαλῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψαλῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ψάλῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ ψαλῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ψάλῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ψάλῐον (singular vocative)
ψαλῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ψάλῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ψάλιο (psálio)

With ψέλιον (psélion, “armlet worn by the Persians”) and ψαλόν (psalón, “kind of bridle”) an Iranian borrowing; synonymous to Classical Persian افسار (afsār, “curb chain, halter, headstall”), and note also افسر (afsar, “diadem”).


βρύσσος

grc-noun

βρῠ́σσος • (brússos) m (genitive βρῠ́σσου); second declension

βρῠ́σσος (canonical)
brússos (romanization)
βρῠ́σσου (genitive)
ὁ βρῠ́σσος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́σσω (dual nominative)
οἱ βρῠ́σσοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρῠ́σσου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́σσοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρῠ́σσων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρῠ́σσῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρῠ́σσοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρῠ́σσοις (dative plural)
τὸν βρῠ́σσον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρῠ́σσω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρῠ́σσους (accusative plural)
βρῠ́σσε (singular vocative)
βρῠ́σσω (dual vocative)
βρῠ́σσοι (plural vocative)

The variants, together with the prenasalization, prove that this is a Pre-Greek word.


σκόρπαινα

σκόρπαινᾰ • (skórpaina) f (genitive σκορπαίνης); first declension

σκόρπαινᾰ (canonical)
skórpaina (romanization)
σκορπαίνης (genitive)
ἡ σκόρπαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σκορπαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σκόρπαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς σκορπαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκορπαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκορπαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σκορπαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκορπαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκορπαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν σκόρπαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκορπαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκορπαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
σκόρπαινᾰ (singular vocative)
σκορπαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
σκόρπαιναι (plural vocative)

Greek: σκορπίνα (skorpína)

desctree

→ Latin: scorpaena
Catalan: escórpora
→ French: scorpène
→ English: scorpene
English: sculpin
Italian: scorfano, → scorpena
Ligurian: scórpena
Spanish: escorpina
→ Translingual: Scorpaena

From σκορπίος (skorpíos, “scorpion”) + -αινᾰ (-aina).


ῥάξ

grc-noun

ῥᾱ́ξ • (rhā́x) f (genitive ῥᾱγός); third declension

ῥᾱ́ξ (canonical)
rhā́x (romanization)
ῥᾱγός (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾱ́ξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾶγες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾱγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾱγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾱγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾱγοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾱξῐ́ (dative plural)
ῥᾱξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs rhāxí (dative plural)
taîs rhāxín (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾶγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾶγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾶγᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾱ́ξ (singular vocative)
ῥᾶγε (dual vocative)
ῥᾶγες (plural vocative)

Greek: ρώγα (róga)

The word is a reminiscent of ῥάματα (rhámata, “bunch of grapes”), as well as of Latin racēmus (“bunch of grapes”), Sanskrit रजनी (rajanī, “grape, lac”), Persian رز (raz, “vine”) and Albanian rrush (“grape”).


κροτών

κροτών • (krotṓn) m (genitive κροτῶνος); third declension

krotṓn (romanization)
κροτῶνος (genitive)
ὁ κροτών (nominative singular)
τὼ κροτῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ κροτῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κροτῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κροτώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κροτώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κροτῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κροτώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κροτῶσῐ (dative plural)
κροτῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs krotôsi (dative plural)
toîs krotôsin (dative plural)
τὸν κροτῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κροτῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κροτῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
κροτών (singular vocative)
κροτῶνε (dual vocative)
κροτῶνες (plural vocative)

Translingual: Croton

Probably a Semitic borrowing, compare Classical Syriac ܩܪܕܐ (qerdā, “tick; castor oil plant”), cognate to Arabic قُرَاد (qurād, “tick”), Tigrinya ቍርዲድ (ḳʷərdid), ቈርዳድ (ḳʷärdad, “tick”), Tigre ቀራድ (ḳärad, “tick”), Harari ቁርዱድ (ḳurdud, “tick”). Which dovetails with the other word for the castor oil plant κίκι (kíki) being borrowed from Egyptian.


γίννος

grc-noun

γίννος • (gínnos) m (genitive γίννου); second declension

gínnos (romanization)
γίννου (genitive)
ὁ γῐ́ννος (nominative singular)
τὼ γῐ́ννω (dual nominative)
οἱ γῐ́ννοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ γῐ́ννου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῐ́ννοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῐ́ννων (genitive plural)
τῷ γῐ́ννῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῐ́ννοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γῐ́ννοις (dative plural)
τὸν γῐ́ννον (accusative singular)
τὼ γῐ́ννω (accusative dual)
τοὺς γῐ́ννους (accusative plural)
γῐ́ννε (singular vocative)
γῐ́ννω (dual vocative)
γῐ́ννοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, probably of Pre-Greek origin. It can hardly be from γίγνομαι (gígnomai).


ὄζαινα

ὄζαινᾰ • (ózaina) f (genitive ὀζαίνης); first declension

ὄζαινᾰ (canonical)
ózaina (romanization)
ὀζαίνης (genitive)
ἡ ὄζαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀζαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὄζαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὀζαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀζαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀζαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὀζαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀζαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὀζαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν ὄζαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀζαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὀζαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
ὄζαινᾰ (singular vocative)
ὀζαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
ὄζαιναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ozaena

From ὄζω (ózō, “to smell”) + -αινᾰ (-aina).

(pathology) ozaena, a type of chronic rhinitis


πέρκη

πέρκη • (pérkē) f (genitive πέρκης); first declension

pérkē (romanization)
πέρκης (genitive)
ἡ πέρκη (nominative singular)
τὼ πέρκᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πέρκαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πέρκης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πέρκαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πέρκῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πέρκαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πέρκαις (dative plural)
τὴν πέρκην (accusative singular)
τὼ πέρκᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πέρκᾱς (accusative plural)
πέρκη (singular vocative)
πέρκᾱ (dual vocative)
πέρκαι (plural vocative)

→ Armenian: պերկես (perkes)

→ Latin: perca

→ English: perch

From Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“motley, coloured”). Cognate with Old Irish erc (“perch, salmon”) (from Proto-Celtic *ɸerkos) and Proto-Germanic *furhnō (“trout”). Related also to περκνός (perknós, “dusky”) and πέρκος (pérkos, “kind of hawk”).

der

Perca fluviatilis
Perca fluviatilis#Translingual