ἴκτερος

ἴκτερος • (íkteros) m (genitive ἰκτέρου); second declension

íkteros (romanization)
ἰκτέρου (genitive)
ὁ ἴκτερος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰκτέρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴκτεροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰκτέρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰκτέροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰκτέρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰκτέρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰκτέροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰκτέροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴκτερον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰκτέρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰκτέρους (accusative plural)
ἴκτερε (singular vocative)
ἰκτέρω (dual vocative)
ἴκτεροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: icterus

→ Translingual: Icterus

The formation is reminiscent of ὕδερος (húderos) and χολέρα (kholéra), but further details are unknown. The connection with ἴκτις (íktis, “marten”) and ἴκτινος (íktinos, “kite”) is defended by Grošelj Živa, who assumes a colour root ἰκ- (ik-, “yellow, green”), and compares ἰκμαλέον (ikmaléon, “green, moist”). This remains speculative. According to Furnée, the group -κτ- points to Pre-Greek origin.

Oriolus oriolus
Oriolus oriolus#Translingual


κνιπολόγος

grc-noun

κνῑπολόγος • (knīpológos) m (genitive κνῑπολόγου); second declension

κνῑπολόγος (canonical)
knīpológos (romanization)
κνῑπολόγου (genitive)
ὁ κνῑπολόγος (nominative singular)
τὼ κνῑπολόγω (dual nominative)
οἱ κνῑπολόγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κνῑπολόγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κνῑπολόγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κνῑπολόγων (genitive plural)
τῷ κνῑπολόγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κνῑπολόγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κνῑπολόγοις (dative plural)
τὸν κνῑπολόγον (accusative singular)
τὼ κνῑπολόγω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κνῑπολόγους (accusative plural)
κνῑπολόγε (singular vocative)
κνῑπολόγω (dual vocative)
κνῑπολόγοι (plural vocative)

From κνίψ (kníps, “insect”) + λέγω (légō, “to gather, pick up”).


μόρφνος

grc-noun

μόρφνος • (mórphnos) m (genitive μόρφνου); second declension

mórphnos (romanization)
μόρφνου (genitive)
ὁ μόρφνος (nominative singular)
τὼ μόρφνω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόρφνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μόρφνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μόρφνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μόρφνων (genitive plural)
τῷ μόρφνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μόρφνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μόρφνοις (dative plural)
τὸν μόρφνον (accusative singular)
τὼ μόρφνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μόρφνους (accusative plural)
μόρφνε (singular vocative)
μόρφνω (dual vocative)
μόρφνοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: morphnos

→ Translingual: Morphnus

Like the rhyming word ὀρφνός (orphnós, “dark”), this word is usually explained from a meaning "dark-colored". Similar words are μοριφόν (moriphón, “dark, black”), μορύσσω (morússō, “to soil, defile”), as well as μόρον (móron, “mulberry”). Connection with μορφή (morphḗ, “form”) cannot be proven. The word has also been connected to Sanskrit मृग (mṛga, “deer, antelope”), with an influence from νηττοφόνος (nēttophónos, “kind of eagle”); doubtful in view of the haplology that has to be assumed.


κέρκα

head

κέρκα • (kérka)

The word hardly belongs to κέρκος (kérkos, “tail”), as per Frisk. The word is rather Pre-Greek.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ἀκρίς (akrís, “grasshopper, locust”).


μελαγκόρυφος

grc-noun

μελᾰγκόρῠφος

μελᾰγκορῠ́φου

μελᾰγκόρῠφος • (melankóruphos) m (genitive μελᾰγκορῠ́φου); second declension

μελᾰγκόρῠφος (canonical)
melankóruphos (romanization)
μελᾰγκορῠ́φου (genitive)
ὁ μελᾰγκόρῠφος (nominative singular)
τὼ μελᾰγκορῠ́φω (dual nominative)
οἱ μελᾰγκόρῠφοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μελᾰγκορῠ́φου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μελᾰγκορῠ́φοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μελᾰγκορῠ́φων (genitive plural)
τῷ μελᾰγκορῠ́φῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μελᾰγκορῠ́φοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μελᾰγκορῠ́φοις (dative plural)
τὸν μελᾰγκόρῠφον (accusative singular)
τὼ μελᾰγκορῠ́φω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μελᾰγκορῠ́φους (accusative plural)
μελᾰγκόρῠφε (singular vocative)
μελᾰγκορῠ́φω (dual vocative)
μελᾰγκόρῠφοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

μελᾰγκόρῠφος

From μέλας (mélas, “black”) + κορυφή (koruphḗ, “top of the head, crown”).

compound

Sylvia atricapilla
Sylvia atricapilla#Translingual


πρέπων

grc-noun

πρέπων • (prépōn) m (genitive πρέποντος); third declension

prépōn (romanization)
πρέποντος (genitive)
ὁ πρέπων (nominative singular)
τὼ πρέποντε (dual nominative)
οἱ πρέποντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρέποντος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρεπόντοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρεπόντων (genitive plural)
τῷ πρέποντῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρεπόντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρέπουσῐ (dative plural)
πρέπουσῐν (dative plural)
toîs prépousi (dative plural)
toîs prépousin (dative plural)
τὸν πρέποντᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πρέποντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πρέποντᾰς (accusative plural)
πρέπον (singular vocative)
πρέποντε (dual vocative)
πρέποντες (plural vocative)

Perhaps from πρέπω (prépō, “to be appropriate”), properly "fit for eating".


νηττοφόνος

νηττοφόνος • (nēttophónos) m (genitive νηττοφόνου); second declension

nēttophónos (romanization)
νηττοφόνου (genitive)
ὁ νηττοφόνος (nominative singular)
τὼ νηττοφόνω (dual nominative)
οἱ νηττοφόνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ νηττοφόνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν νηττοφόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν νηττοφόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ νηττοφόνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν νηττοφόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς νηττοφόνοις (dative plural)
τὸν νηττοφόνον (accusative singular)
τὼ νηττοφόνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς νηττοφόνους (accusative plural)
νηττοφόνε (singular vocative)
νηττοφόνω (dual vocative)
νηττοφόνοι (plural vocative)

From νῆττα (nêtta, “duck”) + φόνος (phónos, “murder, slaughter”).


συκαλίς

grc-noun

σῡκᾰλῐ́ς • (sūkalís) f (genitive σῡκᾰλῐ́δος); third declension

σῡκᾰλῐ́ς (canonical)
sūkalís (romanization)
σῡκᾰλῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σῡκᾰλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σῡκᾰλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σῡκᾰλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σῡκᾰλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῡκᾰλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῡκᾰλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σῡκᾰλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῡκᾰλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῡκᾰλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σῡκᾰλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs sūkalísi (dative plural)
taîs sūkalísin (dative plural)
τὴν σῡκᾰλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῡκᾰλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῡκᾰλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σῡκᾰλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σῡκᾰλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σῡκᾰλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Sicalis

From σῦκον (sûkon, “fig”), with a suffix found in other bird names, like ὀρταλίς (ortalís, “hen, fowl”) and πυραλίς (puralís, “kind of bird”).

Sylvia hortensis
Sylvia hortensis#Translingual


πύγαργος

πῡ́γᾰργος • (pū́gargos) m (genitive πῡγᾰ́ργου); second declension

πῡ́γᾰργος (canonical)
pū́gargos (romanization)
πῡγᾰ́ργου (genitive)
ὁ πῡ́γᾰργος (nominative singular)
τὼ πῡγᾰ́ργω (dual nominative)
οἱ πῡ́γᾰργοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πῡγᾰ́ργου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῡγᾰ́ργοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῡγᾰ́ργων (genitive plural)
τῷ πῡγᾰ́ργῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῡγᾰ́ργοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πῡγᾰ́ργοις (dative plural)
τὸν πῡ́γᾰργον (accusative singular)
τὼ πῡγᾰ́ργω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πῡγᾰ́ργους (accusative plural)
πῡ́γᾰργε (singular vocative)
πῡγᾰ́ργω (dual vocative)
πῡ́γᾰργοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pȳgargus

From πῡγή (pūgḗ, “rump, tail”) + ἀργός (argós, “white, bright”).

compound

Cinclus cinclus
Cinclus cinclus#Translingual


χρυσάετος

grc-noun

χρῡσᾱ́ετος • (khrūsā́etos) m (genitive χρῡσᾱέτου); second declension

χρῡσᾱ́ετος (canonical)
khrūsā́etos (romanization)
χρῡσᾱέτου (genitive)
ὁ χρῡσᾱ́ετος (nominative singular)
τὼ χρῡσᾱέτω (dual nominative)
οἱ χρῡσᾱ́ετοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χρῡσᾱέτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χρῡσᾱέτοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χρῡσᾱέτων (genitive plural)
τῷ χρῡσᾱέτῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χρῡσᾱέτοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χρῡσᾱέτοις (dative plural)
τὸν χρῡσᾱ́ετον (accusative singular)
τὼ χρῡσᾱέτω (accusative dual)
τοὺς χρῡσᾱέτους (accusative plural)
χρῡσᾱ́ετε (singular vocative)
χρῡσᾱέτω (dual vocative)
χρῡσᾱ́ετοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: chrȳsāetos

From χρῡσός (khrūsós, “gold”) + ᾱ̓ετός (āetós, “eagle”).

af

Aquila chrysaetos
Aquila chrysaetos#Translingual


ἰλλάς

grc-noun

ἰλλᾰ́ς • (illás) f (genitive ἰλλᾰ́δος); third declension

ἰλλᾰ́ς (canonical)
illás (romanization)
ἰλλᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἰλλᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰλλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἰλλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἰλλᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰλλᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰλλᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἰλλᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰλλᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἰλλᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἰλλᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs illási (dative plural)
taîs illásin (dative plural)
τὴν ἰλλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰλλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἰλλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἰλλᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
ἰλλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
ἰλλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind”). Further related to εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, roll”).

der

Turdus iliacus
Turdus iliacus#Translingual


γηγγήλιξ

head

γηγγήλιξ • (gēngḗlix)

/ɡɛːŋ.ɡɛ̌ː.liːks/

/ɡɛːŋ.ɡɛ̌ː.liːks/

According to Beekes, the word shows typical Pre-Greek reduplication and prenasalization, for which γίγγλυμος (gínglumos) and γάγγαμον (gángamon) may be compared.

Hesychius gives the definition as: ἄγριος μῦς (ágrios mûs, literally “field mouse”).


τιτίς

grc-noun

τῑτῐ́ς • (tītís) f (genitive τῑτῐ́δος); third declension

τῑτῐ́ς (canonical)
tītís (romanization)
τῑτῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ τῑτῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ τῑτῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ τῑτῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς τῑτῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τῑτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τῑτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ τῑτῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τῑτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τῑτῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
τῑτῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs tītísi (dative plural)
taîs tītísin (dative plural)
τὴν τῑτῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τῑτῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τῑτῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
τῑτῐ́ς (singular vocative)
τῑτῐ́δε (dual vocative)
τῑτῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Of onomatopoeic origin. Compare τιττυβίζω (tittubízō, “to cry (of the partridge)”), τέττῑξ (téttīx, “cicada”) and τυτώ (tutṓ, “owl”).


Πήδασος

grc-proper noun

Πήδᾰσος • (Pḗdasos) m (genitive Πηδάσου); second declension

Πήδᾰσος (canonical)
Pḗdasos (romanization)
Πηδάσου (genitive)
Πήδᾰσος (nominative singular)
Πηδᾰ́σου (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰσοῖο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σοιο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰσόο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σοο (genitive singular)
Πηδᾰ́σῳ (dative singular)
Πήδᾰσον (accusative singular)
Πήδᾰσε (singular vocative)

Pedasus, the name of a Trojan soldier mentioned in the Iliad


οὖραξ

grc-noun

οὖρᾰξ • (oûrax) f (genitive οὔρᾰγος); third declension

οὖρᾰξ (canonical)
oûrax (romanization)
οὔρᾰγος (genitive)
ἡ οὖρᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὔρᾰγε (dual nominative)
αἱ οὔρᾰγες (nominative plural)
τῆς οὔρᾰγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐρᾰ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐρᾰ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ οὔρᾰγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐρᾰ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οὔρᾰξῐ (dative plural)
οὔρᾰξῐν (dative plural)
taîs oúraxi (dative plural)
taîs oúraxin (dative plural)
τὴν οὔρᾰγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ οὔρᾰγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οὔρᾰγᾰς (accusative plural)
οὖρᾰξ (singular vocative)
οὔρᾰγε (dual vocative)
οὔρᾰγες (plural vocative)

The suffix is typically Pre-Greek. This means that the word has nothing to do with οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).


ἰωνός

ἰωνός • (iōnós) m (genitive ἰωνοῦ); second declension

iōnós (romanization)
ἰωνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ἰωνός (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰωνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἰωνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰωνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰωνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰωνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰωνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰωνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰωνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἰωνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰωνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰωνούς (accusative plural)
ἰωνέ (singular vocative)
ἰωνώ (dual vocative)
ἰωνοί (plural vocative)


ἀττέλαβος

ἀττέλᾰβος • (attélabos) m (genitive ἀττελᾰ́βου); second declension

ἀττέλᾰβος (canonical)
attélabos (romanization)
ἀττελᾰ́βου (genitive)
ὁ ἀττέλᾰβος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀττελᾰ́βω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀττέλᾰβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀττελᾰ́βου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀττελᾰ́βοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀττελᾰ́βων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀττελᾰ́βῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀττελᾰ́βοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀττελᾰ́βοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀττέλᾰβον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀττελᾰ́βω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀττελᾰ́βους (accusative plural)
ἀττέλᾰβε (singular vocative)
ἀττελᾰ́βω (dual vocative)
ἀττέλᾰβοι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Attelabus

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -βος.


δρύοψ

δρύοψ • (drúops) m (genitive δρύοπος); third declension

drúops (romanization)
δρύοπος (genitive)
ὁ δρῠ́οψ (nominative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́οπε (dual nominative)
οἱ δρῠ́οπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ δρῠ́οπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν δρῠόποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δρῠόπων (genitive plural)
τῷ δρῠ́οπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν δρῠόποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δρῠ́οψῐ (dative plural)
δρῠ́οψῐν (dative plural)
toîs drúopsi (dative plural)
toîs drúopsin (dative plural)
τὸν δρῠ́οπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́οπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς δρῠ́οπᾰς (accusative plural)
δρῠ́οψ (singular vocative)
δρῠ́οπε (dual vocative)
δρῠ́οπες (plural vocative)

From δρῦς (drûs, “tree, timber, oak”) and the suffix -οψ (-ops).


χαρακίας

χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱς • (kharakíās) m (genitive χᾰρᾰκῐ́ου); first declension

χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱς (canonical)
kharakíās (romanization)
χᾰρᾰκῐ́ου (genitive)
ὁ χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ χᾰρᾰκῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τοῦ χᾰρᾰκῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰρᾰκῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰρᾰκῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰρᾰκῐ́αιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χᾰρᾰκῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὸν χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
χᾰρᾰκῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
χᾰρᾰκῐ́αι (plural vocative)

From χάραξ (khárax, “stake, pole, palisade”) + -ῐ́ᾱς (-íās).


καλλιώνυμος

grc-noun

κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μου

κᾰλλῐώνῠμος • (kalliṓnumos) m (genitive κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μου); second declension

κᾰλλῐώνῠμος (canonical)
kalliṓnumos (romanization)
κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰλλῐώνῠμος (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰλλῐώνῠμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰλλῐώνῠμον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μους (accusative plural)
κᾰλλῐώνῠμε (singular vocative)
κᾰλλῐωνῠ́μω (dual vocative)
κᾰλλῐώνῠμοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: calliōnymus

→ Translingual: Callionymus

From καλλι- (kalli-, “beautiful”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma, “name”).


μελάνουρος

grc-noun

μελᾰ́νουρος • (melánouros) m (genitive μελᾰνούρου); second declension

μελᾰ́νουρος (canonical)
melánouros (romanization)
μελᾰνούρου (genitive)
ὁ μελᾰ́νουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ μελᾰνούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ μελᾰ́νουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μελᾰνούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μελᾰνούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μελᾰνούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μελᾰνούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μελᾰνούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μελᾰνούροις (dative plural)
τὸν μελᾰ́νουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ μελᾰνούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μελᾰνούρους (accusative plural)
μελᾰ́νουρε (singular vocative)
μελᾰνούρω (dual vocative)
μελᾰ́νουροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: melanūrus

From μέλας (mélas, “black”) + οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).


προβοσκίς

grc-noun

προβοσκίς • (proboskís) f (genitive προβοσκίδος); third declension

proboskís (romanization)
προβοσκίδος (genitive)
ἡ προβοσκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ προβοσκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς προβοσκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προβοσκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ προβοσκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν προβοσκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς προβοσκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
προβοσκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs proboskísi (dative plural)
taîs proboskísin (dative plural)
τὴν προβοσκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ προβοσκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς προβοσκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
προβοσκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
προβοσκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

⇒ Greek: προβοσκίδα (provoskída)

→ Latin: proboscis

From προ- (pro-, “before, in front of”) + βόσκω (bóskō, “I feed, I graze”) + -ις (-is, suffix to form a feminine noun).

affix

(in the plural) tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda

means of providing food
tentacles of the decapod cephalopoda


κήξ

grc-noun

κήξ • (kḗx) f (genitive κηκός); third declension

kḗx (romanization)
κηκός (genitive)
ἡ κήξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κῆκε (dual nominative)
αἱ κῆκες (nominative plural)
τῆς κηκός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κηκῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηκοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς κηξῐ́ (dative plural)
κηξῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs kēxí (dative plural)
taîs kēxín (dative plural)
τὴν κῆκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κῆκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῆκᾰς (accusative plural)
κήξ (singular vocative)
κῆκε (dual vocative)
κῆκες (plural vocative)

Has been compared with bird names like Middle Welsh cuan (“screech-owl”) and other Celtic words, whence Latin cāvannus (“tawny owl”). Within Greek, one also finds forms with internal velar, like καυκαλίας (kaukalías, “kind of bird”), with which are compared Lithuanian kaukȳs (“kind of bird”) and primary verbs like Sanskrit कौति (kauti, “to cry, hum”) and Lithuanian kaūkti (“to howl, moan”). However, according to Beekes, the word is Pre-Greek, in view of the suffix.

Sterna hirundo
Sterna hirundo#Translingual


ζύγαινα

ζῠ́γαινᾰ • (zúgaina) f (genitive ζῠγαίνης); first declension

ζῠ́γαινᾰ (canonical)
zúgaina (romanization)
ζῠγαίνης (genitive)
ἡ ζῠ́γαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ζῠγαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ζῠ́γαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς ζῠγαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζῠγαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζῠγαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ζῠγαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζῠγαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ζῠγαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν ζῠ́γαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ζῠγαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ζῠγαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
ζῠ́γαινᾰ (singular vocative)
ζῠγαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
ζῠ́γαιναι (plural vocative)

Greek: ζύγαινα (zýgaina)

→ Translingual: Zygaena

→ Old Georgian: [Term?]

desctree

Georgian: ზვიგენი (zvigeni)
→ Bats: ზვიგე^ნ (zvigeⁿ)
→ Mingrelian: ზვიგენი (zvigeni)
→ Svan: ზუ̂იგენ (zûigen)

→ Latin: zygaena

→ Old Armenian: զիգն (zign)

From ζυγόν (zugón, “yoke”) + -αινᾰ (-aina).


ἴψ

grc-noun

ἴ̄ψ • (í̄ps) m (genitive ἰ̄πός); third declension

ἴ̄ψ (canonical)
í̄ps (romanization)
ἰ̄πός (genitive)
ὁ ἴ̄ψ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰ̄πε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἰ̄πες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰ̄πός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰ̄ποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰ̄πῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰ̄πῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰ̄ποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰ̄ψῐ́ (dative plural)
ἰ̄ψῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs īpsí (dative plural)
toîs īpsín (dative plural)
τὸν ἰ̄πᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰ̄πε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰ̄πᾰς (accusative plural)
ἴ̄ψ (singular vocative)
ἰ̄πε (dual vocative)
ἰ̄πες (plural vocative)

Probably related to ἴξ (íx, “kind of worm”) as a Pre-Greek element. This word rhymes with other Pre-Greek nouns like θρίψ (thríps, “woodworm”) and κνίψ (kníps, “insect found under the bark of trees”).


σήπιον

σήπῐον • (sḗpion) n (genitive σηπῐ́ου); second declension

σήπῐον (canonical)
sḗpion (romanization)
σηπῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ σήπῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σηπῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σηπῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σηπῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σηπῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σηπῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σήπῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σηπῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σήπῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σήπῐον (singular vocative)
σηπῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σήπῐᾰ (plural vocative)


αἴγιθος

αἴγῐθος • (aígithos) m (genitive αἰγῐ́θου); second declension

αἴγῐθος (canonical)
aígithos (romanization)
αἰγῐ́θου (genitive)
ὁ αἴγῐθος (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́θω (dual nominative)
οἱ αἴγῐθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγῐ́θου (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐ́θοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῐ́θων (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγῐ́θῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐ́θοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγῐ́θοις (dative plural)
τὸν αἴγῐθον (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́θω (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγῐ́θους (accusative plural)
αἴγῐθε (singular vocative)
αἰγῐ́θω (dual vocative)
αἴγῐθοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: aegithus

A typical Pre-Greek word, discernible from its prenasalization.

Linaria cannabina
Linaria cannabina#Translingual


φοινίκουρος

φοινῑ́κουρος

φοινῑ́κουρος • (phoinī́kouros) m (genitive φοινῑκούρου); second declension

φοινῑ́κουρος (canonical)
phoinī́kouros (romanization)
φοινῑκούρου (genitive)
ὁ φοινῑ́κουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ φοινῑκούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ φοινῑ́κουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ φοινῑκούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φοινῑκούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φοινῑκούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φοινῑκούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φοινῑκούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φοινῑκούροις (dative plural)
τὸν φοινῑ́κουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φοινῑκούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς φοινῑκούρους (accusative plural)
φοινῑ́κουρε (singular vocative)
φοινῑκούρω (dual vocative)
φοινῑ́κουροι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

φοινῑ́κουρος

→ Latin: phoenīcūrus

→ Translingual: Phoenicurus

From φοῖνιξ (phoînix, “crimson”) + οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).

compound

Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Phoenicurus phoenicurus#Translingual

common redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)


ἐρυθρόπους

grc-noun

ἐρῠθρόπους • (eruthrópous) m (genitive ἐρῠθρόποδος); third declension

ἐρῠθρόπους (canonical)
eruthrópous (romanization)
ἐρῠθρόποδος (genitive)
ὁ ἐρῠθρόπους (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠθρόποδε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐρῠθρόποδες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρῠθρόποδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠθροπόδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῠθροπόδων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρῠθρόποδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠθροπόδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρῠθρόποσῐ (dative plural)
ἐρῠθρόποσῐν (dative plural)
toîs eruthróposi (dative plural)
toîs eruthróposin (dative plural)
τὸν ἐρῠθρόποδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠθρόποδε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐρῠθρόποδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐρῠθρόπους (singular vocative)
ἐρῠθρόποδε (dual vocative)
ἐρῠθρόποδες (plural vocative)

From ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).

af

Tringa totanus
Tringa totanus#Translingual


βρένθος

grc-noun

βρένθος • (brénthos) m (genitive βρένθου); second declension

brénthos (romanization)
βρένθου (genitive)
ὁ βρένθος (nominative singular)
τὼ βρένθω (dual nominative)
οἱ βρένθοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βρένθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βρένθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βρένθων (genitive plural)
τῷ βρένθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βρένθοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βρένθοις (dative plural)
τὸν βρένθον (accusative singular)
τὼ βρένθω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βρένθους (accusative plural)
βρένθε (singular vocative)
βρένθω (dual vocative)
βρένθοι (plural vocative)

The meanings "arrogance" and "kind of waterbird" are probably not related. If βρίνθος (brínthos, “kind of bird”) is reliable, the bird name may be Pre-Greek. On the other hand, βρινδεῖν (brindeîn, “to be agitated, provoke”) is not related.


ἀκανθίς

ἀκᾰνθῐ́ς • (akanthís) f (genitive ἀκᾰνθῐ́δος); third declension

ἀκᾰνθῐ́ς (canonical)
akanthís (romanization)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκᾰνθῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀκᾰνθῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀκᾰνθῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκᾰνθῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκᾰνθῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀκᾰνθῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκᾰνθῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀκᾰνθῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs akanthísi (dative plural)
taîs akanthísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀκᾰνθῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκᾰνθῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀκᾰνθῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn; thorny bush”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).

af

Senecio vulgaris
Senecio vulgaris#Translingual

Onopordum acanthium
Onopordum acanthium#Translingual

Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis carduelis#Translingual

kind of perching bird, perhaps:
goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), or

Spinus spinus
Spinus spinus#Translingual

kind of perching bird, perhaps:
siskin (Spinus spinus)


οἰωνός

grc-noun

οἰωνός • (oiōnós) m (genitive οἰωνοῦ); second declension

oiōnós (romanization)
οἰωνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ οἰωνός (nominative singular)
τὼ οἰωνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ οἰωνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ οἰωνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν οἰωνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν οἰωνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ οἰωνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν οἰωνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς οἰωνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν οἰωνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ οἰωνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς οἰωνούς (accusative plural)
οἰωνέ (singular vocative)
οἰωνώ (dual vocative)
οἰωνοί (plural vocative)

Greek: οιωνός (oionós)

Explanation debated. Because of the comparable formation in υἱωνός (huiōnós, “grandson”) from υἱός (huiós, “son”), it is probably best derived from a nominal basis. Therefore, it can be derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”), like Latin avis (“bird”), Sanskrit वि (vi, “bird”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬱 (vīš, “bird”) and also ἀετός (aetós, “eagle”). The initial ὀ- has been explained as a case of vowel assimilation since Schmidt, but this is unnecessary: one may assume an o-grade, as does Beekes, who departs from a nominative *h₂ow-i-ō(n) that was subsequently thematicized. By others, it has been combined with οἶμα (oîma, “spring, rush, swoop”), οἶστρος (oîstros, “gadfly; zeal”), οἰστός (oistós, “endurable”) and connected with the root Proto-Indo-European *h₁eys- (“to propel”), but this is doubtful. The connection with ᾠόν (ōión, “egg”) by Schmeja was defended by Peters.


βουδάκη

head

βουδάκη • (boudákē)

From βοῦς (boûs, “cow”) + δάκνω (dáknō, “to bite”).

compound

Hesychius' gives the definition as: βούπρηστις (boúprēstis, “kind of poisonous beetle”).


ῥάμφος

grc-noun

ῥᾰ́μφος • (rhámphos) n (genitive ῥᾰ́μφεος); third declension

ῥᾰ́μφος (canonical)
rhámphos (romanization)
ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥᾰ́μφεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰμφέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥᾰ́μφεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰμφέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥᾰ́μφεσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhámphesi (dative plural)
toîs rhámphesin (dative plural)
τὸ ῥᾰ́μφος (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́μφεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́μφος (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεε (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́μφεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: ράμφος (rámfos)

Next to this word, there are ῥέμφος (rhémphos, “mouth or nose”) and ῥαμψός (rhampsós). The words ῥέμβομαι (rhémbomai, “to turn round, roam”) and ῥόμβος (rhómbos, “wheel”) are phonetically comparable and semantically similar; confront further ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod, wand”) and ῥομφαία (rhomphaía, “Thracian sword”). Germanic words have been compared, like Middle Low German wrimpen (“to turn up one's nose”), but these comparisons are ungrounded. The variation β/ψ rather points to a Pre-Greek origin, as does the α-vocalism. Moreover, ῥαιβός (rhaibós, “crooked”) is probably a variant, showing prenasalization.


σαπέρδης

grc-noun

σᾱπέρδης • (sāpérdēs) m (genitive σᾱπέρδου); first declension

σᾱπέρδης (canonical)
sāpérdēs (romanization)
σᾱπέρδου (genitive)
ὁ σᾱπέρδης (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾱπέρδᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ σᾱπέρδαι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σᾱπέρδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾱπέρδαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾱπερδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σᾱπέρδῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾱπέρδαιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σᾱπέρδαις (dative plural)
τὸν σᾱπέρδην (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾱπέρδᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σᾱπέρδᾱς (accusative plural)
σᾱπέρδη (singular vocative)
σᾱπέρδᾱ (dual vocative)
σᾱπέρδαι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sāperda

→ Translingual: Saperda

Certainly a borrowing. Furnée adduces σάβειρος (sábeiros, “tub-fish”) as a variant, suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.

kind of fish found in the Nile and in the Black Sea


κορακῖνος

κορᾰκῖνος • (korakînos) m (genitive κορᾰκῑ́νου); second declension

κορᾰκῖνος (canonical)
korakînos (romanization)
κορᾰκῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ κορᾰκῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κορᾰκῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ κορᾰκῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κορᾰκῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορᾰκῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορᾰκῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κορᾰκῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορᾰκῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κορᾰκῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν κορᾰκῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κορᾰκῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κορᾰκῑ́νους (accusative plural)
κορᾰκῖνε (singular vocative)
κορᾰκῑ́νω (dual vocative)
κορᾰκῖνοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: coracīnus

From κόραξ (kórax, “raven”) + -ῖνος (-înos).


ἴμβηρις

head

ἴμβηρις • (ímbēris)

The ending is reminiscent of λεβηρίς (lebērís, “snake skin, slough”). The word resembles some Balto-Slavic words for "eel", like Lithuanian ungurỹs and Russian у́горь (úgorʹ). However, the ending rather points to a Pre-Greek word. The relation to ἔγχελυς (énkhelus, “eel”) and Latin anguilla (“eel”) is unclear.

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ἔγχελυς (énkhelus, “eel”).


ἐρυθρῖνος

grc-noun

ἐρῠθρῖνος • (eruthrînos) m (genitive ἐρῠθρῑ́νου); second declension

ἐρῠθρῖνος (canonical)
eruthrînos (romanization)
ἐρῠθρῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ ἐρῠθρῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠθρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐρῠθρῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρῠθρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠθρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῠθρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρῠθρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠθρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρῠθρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἐρῠθρῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠθρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐρῠθρῑ́νους (accusative plural)
ἐρῠθρῖνε (singular vocative)
ἐρῠθρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
ἐρῠθρῖνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: λυθρίνι (lythríni)

From ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “reddish, red”) + -ῖνος (-înos).

af

kind of fish, probably:
common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus)


κεφαλῖνος

grc-noun

κεφᾰλῖνος • (kephalînos) m (genitive κεφᾰλῑ́νου); second declension

κεφᾰλῖνος (canonical)
kephalînos (romanization)
κεφᾰλῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ κεφᾰλῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κεφᾰλῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ κεφᾰλῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κεφᾰλῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κεφᾰλῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κεφᾰλῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κεφᾰλῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κεφᾰλῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κεφᾰλῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν κεφᾰλῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κεφᾰλῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κεφᾰλῑ́νους (accusative plural)
κεφᾰλῖνε (singular vocative)
κεφᾰλῑ́νω (dual vocative)
κεφᾰλῖνοι (plural vocative)

From κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”) + -ῖνος (-înos).

af

Mugil cephalus
Mugil cephalus#Translingual


ἶδυξ

grc-noun

ἶδῠξ • (îdux) m (genitive ἴ̄δῠκος); third declension

ἶδῠξ (canonical)
îdux (romanization)
ἴ̄δῠκος (genitive)
ὁ ἶδῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰ̄δῠκε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἰ̄δῠκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰ̄δῠκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰ̄δῠ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰ̄δῠ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰ̄δῠκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰ̄δῠ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰ̄δῠξῐ (dative plural)
ἰ̄δῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs īduxi (dative plural)
toîs īduxin (dative plural)
τὸν ἰ̄δῠκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰ̄δῠκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰ̄δῠκᾰς (accusative plural)
ἶδῠξ (singular vocative)
ἰ̄δῠκε (dual vocative)
ἰ̄δῠκες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -υκ-, which is found also in ἄμπυξ (ámpux).


πλατίστακος

πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκος

πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κου

πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκος • (platístakos) m (genitive πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κου); second declension

πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκος (canonical)
platístakos (romanization)
πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κου (genitive)
ὁ πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκος (nominative singular)
τὼ πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κω (dual nominative)
οἱ πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κοις (dative plural)
τὸν πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκον (accusative singular)
τὼ πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κους (accusative plural)
πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκε (singular vocative)
πλᾰτῐστᾰ́κω (dual vocative)
πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πλᾰτῐ́στᾰκος

According to Beekes, related to the fish name πλάταξ (plátax).


ἄρχανος

grc-noun

ἄρχᾰνος • (árkhanos) m (genitive ἀρχᾰ́νου); second declension

ἄρχᾰνος (canonical)
árkhanos (romanization)
ἀρχᾰ́νου (genitive)
ὁ ἄρχᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρχᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄρχᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀρχᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρχᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρχᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀρχᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρχᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀρχᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄρχᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρχᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀρχᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
ἄρχᾰνε (singular vocative)
ἀρχᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
ἄρχᾰνοι (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin and related to other fish names, such as ἀχάρνας (akhárnas, “sea bass”) and Latin acernia (“grouper”).

unknown kind of seafish mentioned by Aristotle


σέμελος

head

σέμελος • (sémelos)

Unknown, but perhaps from the same Pre-Greek root of σέσιλος (sésilos, “land slug”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: κοχλίας (kokhlías, “snail with a spiral shell”).


ῥόβιλλος

ῥόβιλλος • (rhóbillos)

According to Specht, related to Polish wróbel (“sparrow”). However, Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -ιλλ-.

Hesychius gives the definition as: βασιλίσκος ὄρνις (basilískos órnis, literally “wren”).


κουβαρίς

grc-noun

κουβᾰρῐ́ς • (koubarís) f (genitive κουβᾰρῐ́δος); third declension

κουβᾰρῐ́ς (canonical)
koubarís (romanization)
κουβᾰρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κουβᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κουβᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κουβᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κουβᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κουβᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κουβᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κουβᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κουβᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κουβᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κουβᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs koubarísi (dative plural)
taîs koubarísin (dative plural)
τὴν κουβᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κουβᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κουβᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κουβᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κουβᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κουβᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Unexplained. Perhaps related to Greek κουβάρι (kouvári, “clew”) and sharing the meaning of "something that rolls itself together".

unk

Unexplained


κορύφαινα

grc-noun

κορῠ́φαινᾰ • (korúphaina) f (genitive κορῠφαίνης); first declension

κορῠ́φαινᾰ (canonical)
korúphaina (romanization)
κορῠφαίνης (genitive)
ἡ κορῠ́φαινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ κορῠφαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κορῠ́φαιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς κορῠφαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορῠφαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορῠφαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κορῠφαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορῠφαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κορῠφαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν κορῠ́φαινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ κορῠφαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κορῠφαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
κορῠ́φαινᾰ (singular vocative)
κορῠφαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
κορῠ́φαιναι (plural vocative)

→ Italian: corifena

→ Translingual: Coryphaena

From κορυφή (koruphḗ, “top of the head, crown”) + -αινᾰ (-aina).

af

Coryphaena hippurus
Coryphaena hippurus#Translingual


κυπρῖνος

grc-noun

κῠπρῖνος • (kuprînos) m (genitive κῠπρῑ́νου); second declension

κῠπρῖνος (canonical)
kuprînos (romanization)
κῠπρῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ κῠπρῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠπρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠπρῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠπρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠπρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠπρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠπρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠπρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠπρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠπρῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠπρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠπρῑ́νους (accusative plural)
κῠπρῖνε (singular vocative)
κῠπρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
κῠπρῖνοι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: cyprīnus
→ Translingual: Cyprinus

Other names for this fish, like Sanskrit शफर (śaphara), Lithuanian šāpalas and Late Latin carpa, are not related. The suffix -ῖν- is well-known in Pre-Greek.

Cyprinus carpio
Cyprinus carpio#Translingual


ἵππουρος

grc-noun

ἵππουρος • (híppouros) m (genitive ἵππουρου); second declension

híppouros (romanization)
ἵππουρου (genitive)
ὁ ἵππουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἱππούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἵππουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἱππούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἱππούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἱππούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἱππούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἱππούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἱππούροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἵππουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἱππούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἱππούρους (accusative plural)
ἵππουρε (singular vocative)
ἱππούρω (dual vocative)
ἵππουροι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: hippūrus

From ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).


γλαύκιον

grc-noun

γλαύκῐον • (glaúkion) n (genitive γλαυκῐ́ου); second declension

γλαύκῐον (canonical)
glaúkion (romanization)
γλαυκῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ γλαύκῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ γλαυκῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γλαύκῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γλαυκῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλαυκῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλαυκῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ γλαυκῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλαυκῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γλαυκῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ γλαύκῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ γλαυκῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γλαύκῐᾰ (accusative plural)
γλαύκῐον (singular vocative)
γλαυκῐ́ω (dual vocative)
γλαύκῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Glaucium

From γλαυκός (glaukós, “blue-green, blue-grey”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


κερκίων

grc-noun

κερκῐ́ων • (kerkíōn) m (genitive κερκῐ́ονος); third declension

κερκῐ́ων (canonical)
kerkíōn (romanization)
κερκῐ́ονος (genitive)
ὁ κερκῐ́ων (nominative singular)
τὼ κερκῐ́ονε (dual nominative)
οἱ κερκῐ́ονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κερκῐ́ονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κερκῐόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερκῐόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κερκῐ́ονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κερκῐόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κερκῐ́οσῐ (dative plural)
κερκῐ́οσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kerkíosi (dative plural)
toîs kerkíosin (dative plural)
τὸν κερκῐ́ονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κερκῐ́ονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κερκῐ́ονᾰς (accusative plural)
κερκῐ́ον (singular vocative)
κερκῐ́ονε (dual vocative)
κερκῐ́ονες (plural vocative)

Α suffix -ίων (-íōn) is found in other animal names, like ἀκανθίων (akanthíōn, “hedgehog”) and πορφυρίων (porphuríōn, “swamphen”). Frisk derives it from κέρκος (kérkos, “tail”), because this bird wags its tail.

Gracula religiosa
Gracula religiosa#Translingual


κνίψ

κνῑ́ψ • (knī́ps) m (genitive κνῑπός); third declension

κνῑ́ψ (canonical)
knī́ps (romanization)
κνῑπός (genitive)
ὁ κνῑ́ψ (nominative singular)
τὼ κνῖπε (dual nominative)
οἱ κνῖπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κνῑπός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κνῑποῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κνῑπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κνῑπῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κνῑποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κνῑψῐ́ (dative plural)
κνῑψῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs knīpsí (dative plural)
toîs knīpsín (dative plural)
τὸν κνῖπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κνῖπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κνῖπᾰς (accusative plural)
κνῑ́ψ (singular vocative)
κνῖπε (dual vocative)
κνῖπες (plural vocative)

Formation rhyming with θρίψ (thríps, “woodworm”) and ἴψ (íps, “kind of worm”). It has been compared with words for "pinching" in Baltic and Germanic, but these are rather European substrate words. The whole picture is that of a Pre-Greek word: very small animal, long ῑ, prothetic σ-.

kind of insect that infests fig and oak trees and devours the gallfly


πορφυρίων

πορφῠρῐ́ονος

πορφῠρῐ́ων • (porphuríōn) m (genitive πορφῠρῐ́ονος); third declension

πορφῠρῐ́ων (canonical)
porphuríōn (romanization)
πορφῠρῐ́ονος (genitive)
ὁ πορφῠρῐ́ων (nominative singular)
τὼ πορφῠρῐ́ονε (dual nominative)
οἱ πορφῠρῐ́ονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πορφῠρῐ́ονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πορφῠρῐόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πορφῠρῐόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πορφῠρῐ́ονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πορφῠρῐόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πορφῠρῐ́οσῐ (dative plural)
πορφῠρῐ́οσῐν (dative plural)
toîs porphuríosi (dative plural)
toîs porphuríosin (dative plural)
τὸν πορφῠρῐ́ονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πορφῠρῐ́ονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πορφῠρῐ́ονᾰς (accusative plural)
πορφῠρῐ́ον (singular vocative)
πορφῠρῐ́ονε (dual vocative)
πορφῠρῐ́ονες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

πορφῠρῐ́ονος

Porphyrio porphyrio
Porphyrio porphyrio#Translingual


ἀκανθίων

grc-noun

ἀκᾰνθῐ́ων • (akanthíōn) m (genitive ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονος); third declension

ἀκᾰνθῐ́ων (canonical)
akanthíōn (romanization)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονος (genitive)
ὁ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ων (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀκᾰνθῐόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀκᾰνθῐόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀκᾰνθῐόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀκᾰνθῐ́οσῐ (dative plural)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́οσῐν (dative plural)
toîs akanthíosi (dative plural)
toîs akanthíosin (dative plural)
τὸν ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́ον (singular vocative)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονε (dual vocative)
ἀκᾰνθῐ́ονες (plural vocative)

From ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”) + -ίων (-íōn).


ἀσκαρίς

ἀσκᾰρῐ́ς • (askarís) f (genitive ἀσκᾰρῐ́δος); third declension

ἀσκᾰρῐ́ς (canonical)
askarís (romanization)
ἀσκᾰρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἀσκᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀσκᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀσκᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀσκᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσκᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσκᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀσκᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσκᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀσκᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀσκᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs askarísi (dative plural)
taîs askarísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀσκᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀσκᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀσκᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀσκᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀσκᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀσκᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ New Latin: ascaris

→ Translingual: Ascaris

Generally taken to be from ἀσκαρίζω (askarízō, “to jump”), but Frisk thinks this is semantically not strong. In view of the prothetic vowel, it is rather a Pre-Greek word.


ἔνυδρις

ἔνῠδρῐς • (énudris) f (genitive ἐνῠ́δρῐος); third declension

ἔνῠδρῐς (canonical)
énudris (romanization)
ἐνῠ́δρῐος (genitive)
ἡ ἔνῠδρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐνῠ́δρῐε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐνῠ́δρῐες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐνῠ́δρῐος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐνῠδρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐνῠδρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐνῠ́δρῑ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐνῠδρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐνῠ́δρῐσῐ (dative plural)
ἐνῠ́δρῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs enúdrisi (dative plural)
taîs enúdrisin (dative plural)
τὴν ἔνῠδρῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐνῠ́δρῐε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐνῠ́δρῑς (accusative plural)
ἐνῠ́δρῐᾰς (accusative plural)
ἔνῠδρῐ (singular vocative)
ἐνῠ́δρῐε (dual vocative)
ἐνῠ́δρῐες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: enhydris

→ Translingual: Enhydris

From ἐν- (en-, “in”) + ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + -ις (-is). Compare also Proto-Germanic *utraz, Latin lutra, Proto-Slavic *vydra and Sanskrit उद्र (udra).

af

Natrix natrix
Natrix natrix#Translingual


πέλτης

grc-noun

πέλτης • (péltēs) m (genitive πέλτου); first declension

péltēs (romanization)
πέλτου (genitive)
ὁ πέλτης (nominative singular)
τὼ πέλτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ πέλται (nominative plural)
τοῦ πέλτου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πέλταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πελτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πέλτῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πέλταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πέλταις (dative plural)
τὸν πέλτην (accusative singular)
τὼ πέλτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πέλτᾱς (accusative plural)
πέλτᾰ (singular vocative)
πέλτᾱ (dual vocative)
πέλται (plural vocative)

the Nile-fish coracinus after being pickled


σαλαμάνδρα

σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς

σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ • (salamándra) f (genitive σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς); first declension

σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ (canonical)
salamándra (romanization)
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραι (nominative plural)
τῆς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰλᾰμᾰνδρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραις (dative plural)
τὴν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς (accusative plural)
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ (singular vocative)
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ (dual vocative)
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: salamandra

→ English: salamander

→ Italian: salamandra

→ Translingual: Salamandra

→ Old Armenian: սաղամանդր (sałamandr)

→ Persian: سمندر (samandar)

Unknown. Suggestions put forward are:
# From Pre-Greek, possibly akin σαύρα (saúra, “lizard”), itself of unclear origin.
# Akin to Basque sugalindila, sugelinda, sugalinda, sugalindara, sugelindara, sugelandara, subemandil, sumandil, sugemandila (“lizard”), assuming both ultimately coming from a common source.
Sound symbolism most likely had a role into the ultimate shape of the term, as it did in many languages in their terms for “lizard”. Compare also Byzantine Greek σαλαμίνθη (salamínthē, “spider”), with which it may share the possibly imitative root σαλαμ- (salam-).

cog

Salamandra salamandra
Salamandra salamandra#Translingual


πλάγγος

grc-noun

πλᾰ́γγος • (plángos) m (genitive πλᾰ́γγου); second declension

πλᾰ́γγος (canonical)
plángos (romanization)
πλᾰ́γγου (genitive)
ὁ πλᾰ́γγος (nominative singular)
τὼ πλᾰ́γγω (dual nominative)
οἱ πλᾰ́γγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πλᾰ́γγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλᾰ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλᾰ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ πλᾰ́γγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλᾰ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πλᾰ́γγοις (dative plural)
τὸν πλᾰ́γγον (accusative singular)
τὼ πλᾰ́γγω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πλᾰ́γγους (accusative plural)
πλᾰ́γγε (singular vocative)
πλᾰ́γγω (dual vocative)
πλᾰ́γγοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: plangus

Frisk assumes derivation from πλάζομαι (plázomai, “to wander about”), which is not evident. The word may well be Pre-Greek.


βέμβιξ

βέμβῐξ • (bémbix) f (genitive βέμβῑκος); third declension

βέμβῐξ (canonical)
bémbix (romanization)
βέμβῑκος (genitive)
ἡ βέμβῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ βέμβῑκε (dual nominative)
αἱ βέμβῑκες (nominative plural)
τῆς βέμβῑκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βεμβῑ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βεμβῑ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ βέμβῑκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βεμβῑ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βέμβῑξῐ (dative plural)
βέμβῑξῐν (dative plural)
taîs bémbīxi (dative plural)
taîs bémbīxin (dative plural)
τὴν βέμβῑκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βέμβῑκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βέμβῑκᾰς (accusative plural)
βέμβῐξ (singular vocative)
βέμβῑκε (dual vocative)
βέμβῑκες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Bembix

Probably of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the suffix -ῑκ-. See also πέμφιξ (pémphix, “breath, blast”) and πομφόλυξ (pomphólux, “bubble”).


χηναλώπηξ

χηνᾰλώπηξ • (khēnalṓpēx) m (genitive χηνᾰλώπεκος); third declension

χηνᾰλώπηξ (canonical)
khēnalṓpēx (romanization)
χηνᾰλώπεκος (genitive)
ὁ χηνᾰλώπηξ (nominative singular)
τὼ χηνᾰλώπεκε (dual nominative)
οἱ χηνᾰλώπεκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ χηνᾰλώπεκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χηνᾰλωπέκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χηνᾰλωπέκων (genitive plural)
τῷ χηνᾰλώπεκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χηνᾰλωπέκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς χηνᾰλώπεξῐ (dative plural)
χηνᾰλώπεξῐν (dative plural)
toîs khēnalṓpexi (dative plural)
toîs khēnalṓpexin (dative plural)
τὸν χηνᾰλώπεκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χηνᾰλώπεκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς χηνᾰλώπεκᾰς (accusative plural)
χηνᾰλώπηξ (singular vocative)
χηνᾰλώπεκε (dual vocative)
χηνᾰλώπεκες (plural vocative)

From χήν (khḗn, “goose”) + ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx, “fox”).

compound

Alopochen aegyptiaca
Alopochen aegyptiaca#Translingual


ὀνοκρόταλος

grc-noun

ὀνοκροτᾰ́λου

ὀνοκρότᾰλος • (onokrótalos) m (genitive ὀνοκροτᾰ́λου); second declension

ὀνοκρότᾰλος (canonical)
onokrótalos (romanization)
ὀνοκροτᾰ́λου (genitive)
ὁ ὀνοκρότᾰλος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀνοκροτᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀνοκρότᾰλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀνοκροτᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀνοκροτᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀνοκροτᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀνοκροτᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀνοκροτᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀνοκροτᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀνοκρότᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀνοκροτᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀνοκροτᾰ́λους (accusative plural)
ὀνοκρότᾰλε (singular vocative)
ὀνοκροτᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
ὀνοκρότᾰλοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: onocrotalus

From ὄνος (ónos, “ass, donkey”) + κρόταλον (krótalon, “rattle, clapper”).

compound

Pelecanus onocrotalus
Pelecanus onocrotalus#Translingual


ἵστραξ

head

ἵστραξ • (hístrax)

Hesychius' gives the definition as: ὄρνις ποιός (órnis poiós, literally “kind of bird”).


βομβυλιός

grc-noun

βομβῠλῐός • (bombuliós) m (genitive βομβῠλῐοῦ); second declension

βομβῠλῐός (canonical)
bombuliós (romanization)
βομβῠλῐοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βομβῠλῐός (nominative singular)
τὼ βομβῠλῐώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βομβῠλῐοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βομβῠλῐοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βομβῠλῐοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βομβῠλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βομβῠλῐῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βομβῠλῐοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βομβῠλῐοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βομβῠλῐόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βομβῠλῐώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βομβῠλῐούς (accusative plural)
βομβῠλῐέ (singular vocative)
βομβῠλῐώ (dual vocative)
βομβῠλῐοί (plural vocative)

From the same onomatopoeic source of βόμβος (bómbos, “buzzing, humming”).

narrow-necked vessel, that gurgles in pouring


κεράμβυξ

κερᾰ́μβῠξ • (kerámbux) m (genitive κερᾰ́μβῠκος); third declension

κερᾰ́μβῠξ (canonical)
kerámbux (romanization)
κερᾰ́μβῠκος (genitive)
ὁ κερᾰ́μβῠξ (nominative singular)
τὼ κερᾰ́μβῠκε (dual nominative)
οἱ κερᾰ́μβῠκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κερᾰ́μβῠκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κερᾰμβῠ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κερᾰμβῠ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ κερᾰ́μβῠκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κερᾰμβῠ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κερᾰ́μβῠξῐ (dative plural)
κερᾰ́μβῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs kerámbuxi (dative plural)
toîs kerámbuxin (dative plural)
τὸν κερᾰ́μβῠκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κερᾰ́μβῠκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κερᾰ́μβῠκᾰς (accusative plural)
κερᾰ́μβῠξ (singular vocative)
κερᾰ́μβῠκε (dual vocative)
κερᾰ́μβῠκες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Cerambyx

The formation is similar to κόλυμβος (kólumbos), κόρυμβος (kórumbos), σήραμβος (sḗrambos) and βόμβυξ (bómbux), ὄρτυξ (órtux). The form cannot be derived from κέρας (kéras, “horn”). If the word has prenasalization, which seemes probable, it is of Pre-Greek origin. Moreover, -υκ- is a typical Pre-Greek suffix. Furnée compares κάραβος (kárabos, “kind of beetle”), κεράμβηλον (kerámbēlon, “kind of beetle”) and κηραφίς (kēraphís, “kind of locust”), suggesting a common root.


στρόμβος

στρόμβος • (strómbos) m (genitive στρόμβου); second declension

strómbos (romanization)
στρόμβου (genitive)
ὁ στρόμβος (nominative singular)
τὼ στρόμβω (dual nominative)
οἱ στρόμβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ στρόμβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στρόμβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στρόμβων (genitive plural)
τῷ στρόμβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στρόμβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στρόμβοις (dative plural)
τὸν στρόμβον (accusative singular)
τὼ στρόμβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς στρόμβους (accusative plural)
στρόμβε (singular vocative)
στρόμβω (dual vocative)
στρόμβοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: strombus

→⇒ Sicilian: strùmmula, strùmmulu

→ Translingual: Strombus

According to Beekes, the same Pre-Greek root of στρεβλός (streblós, “twisted, turned”), with a nasal infix.


φῦσα

φῦσᾰ • (phûsa) f (genitive φῡ́σης); first declension

φῦσᾰ (canonical)
phûsa (romanization)
φῡ́σης (genitive)
ἡ φῦσᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ φῦσαι (nominative plural)
τῆς φῡ́σης (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῡσῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φῡ́σῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῡ́σαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς φῡ́σαις (dative plural)
τὴν φῦσᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ φῡ́σᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σᾱς (accusative plural)
φῦσᾰ (singular vocative)
φῡ́σᾱ (dual vocative)
φῦσαι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Physostigma

Nominal formation in σᾶ (sâ), with the exact form and origin of the root unclear. Candidates include φυ- (phu-), φυσ- (phus-), φυτ- (phut-), or φυκ- (phuk-), but none of these can be shown to have existed in Greek.
Comparanda include Old Armenian փուք (pʻukʻ, “breath, wind, fart”) (< φυκ-ι̯α (phuk-i̯a); however, φῦσα (phûsa) cannot derive from this form), Sanskrit फूत्करोति (phūtkaroti, “to puff, blow”) (< φυτ-ι̯α (phut-i̯a)), फुफुस (phuphusa, “lungs”), as well as Latin pustula (“bladder”),Classical Persian پوگان (pūgān, “uterus”),Dari پوقانه (pōqāna, “urine bladder”),Iranian Persian پپ (pop, “lung (Qaenī dialect)”), Old Church Slavonic пухати (puxati, “to blow”), Sanskrit पुष्यति (puṣyati, “to thrive, prosper”). (< φυσ- (phus-)).
Despite the existence of all this Indo-European material, the word may well have a Pre-Greek origin, based on the suffix of the derivative φῦσιγξ (phûsinx, “heel blister”), as well as the lack of solid evidence for a Proto-Indo-European *bʰus-. Regardless, the words mentioned above, as well as the Greek term, may have onomatopoeic origins.


περδικοθήρας

grc-noun

περδῑκοθήρᾱς

περδῑκοθήρου

περδῑκοθήρᾱς • (perdīkothḗrās) m (genitive περδῑκοθήρου); first declension

περδῑκοθήρᾱς (canonical)
perdīkothḗrās (romanization)
περδῑκοθήρου (genitive)
ὁ περδῑκοθήρᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ περδῑκοθήρᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ περδῑκοθῆραι (nominative plural)
τοῦ περδῑκοθήρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν περδῑκοθήραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περδῑκοθηρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ περδῑκοθήρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν περδῑκοθήραιν (dative dual)
τοῖς περδῑκοθήραις (dative plural)
τὸν περδῑκοθήρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ περδῑκοθήρᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς περδῑκοθήρᾱς (accusative plural)
περδῑκοθήρᾱ (singular vocative)
περδῑκοθήρᾱ (dual vocative)
περδῑκοθῆραι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

περδῑκοθήρᾱς

From πέρδιξ (pérdix, “partridge”) + θηράω (thēráō, “to hunt”).

compound

partridge-catcher, name of a species of hawk


συροπέρδιξ

grc-noun

σῠροπέρδῑκος

σῠροπέρδῐξ • (suropérdix) m (genitive σῠροπέρδῑκος); third declension

σῠροπέρδῐξ (canonical)
suropérdix (romanization)
σῠροπέρδῑκος (genitive)
ὁ σῠροπέρδῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠροπέρδῑκε (dual nominative)
οἱ σῠροπέρδῑκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠροπέρδῑκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠροπερδῑ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠροπερδῑ́κων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠροπέρδῑκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠροπερδῑ́κοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠροπέρδῑξῐ (dative plural)
σῠροπέρδῑξῐν (dative plural)
toîs suropérdīxi (dative plural)
toîs suropérdīxin (dative plural)
τὸν σῠροπέρδῑκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠροπέρδῑκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς σῠροπέρδῑκᾰς (accusative plural)
σῠροπέρδῐξ (singular vocative)
σῠροπέρδῑκε (dual vocative)
σῠροπέρδῑκες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σῠροπέρδῑκος

From Σύρος (Súros, “Syrian”) + πέρδιξ (pérdix, “partridge”).

compound

Ammoperdix heyi
Ammoperdix heyi#Translingual


κνώδαλον

grc-noun

κνώδᾰλον • (knṓdalon) n (genitive κνωδᾰ́λου); second declension

κνώδᾰλον (canonical)
knṓdalon (romanization)
κνωδᾰ́λου (genitive)
τὸ κνώδᾰλον (nominative singular)
τὼ κνωδᾰ́λω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κνώδᾰλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κνωδᾰ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κνωδᾰ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κνωδᾰ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κνωδᾰ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κνωδᾰ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κνωδᾰ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸ κνώδᾰλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κνωδᾰ́λω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κνώδᾰλᾰ (accusative plural)
κνώδᾰλον (singular vocative)
κνωδᾰ́λω (dual vocative)
κνώδᾰλᾰ (plural vocative)

Frisk assumed that this word and κνώδων (knṓdōn, “projecting teeth on the blade of a hunting spear”), κνώδαξ (knṓdax, “pin, pivot”) go back to a verbal noun *κνωδ- (*knōd-, “tooth, biter, gnawer”), belonging to κναίω (knaíō, “to scrape, scratch”). The glosses κάναδοι (kánadoi, “jaws”), κναδάλλεται (knadálletai, “gnaws”) belong here too. The words do not belong to Latvian kost (“to bite”). According to Beekes, they are undoubtedly Pre-Greek, since κναδ- cannot continue an Indo-European pre-form.


λεπάς

λεπᾰ́ς • (lepás) f (genitive λεπᾰ́δος); third declension

λεπᾰ́ς (canonical)
lepás (romanization)
λεπᾰ́δος (genitive)
ἡ λεπᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ λεπᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ λεπᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς λεπᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεπᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεπᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ λεπᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεπᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λεπᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
λεπᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs lepási (dative plural)
taîs lepásin (dative plural)
τὴν λεπᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ λεπᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λεπᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
λεπᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
λεπᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
λεπᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: lepās

→ Italian: lepade

→ Translingual: Lepas

Traditionally derived from λέπας (lépas, “scaur, rock”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ás), as the animal clings to the rock. Alternatively, it could derive from λέπος (lépos, “rind, husk”), λεπίς (lepís, “scale, flake”).

suffix

limpet (gastropod of the family Patellidae)


πίνη

grc-noun

πῑ́νη • (pī́nē) f (genitive πῑ́νης); first declension

πῑ́νη (canonical)
pī́nē (romanization)
πῑ́νης (genitive)
ἡ πῑ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ πῑ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πῖναι (nominative plural)
τῆς πῑ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πῑ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πῑνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πῑ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πῑ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πῑ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν πῑ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ πῑ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πῑ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
πῑ́νη (singular vocative)
πῑ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
πῖναι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pīna

→ Translingual: Pinna

According to Lewy, perhaps from Hebrew פנין (pĕnin, “coral”), but in view of the variation ν/νν, it is more probably Pre-Greek.

pen shell (bivalve of the family Pinnidae)


πρίστις

πρῐ́στῐς • (prístis) f (genitive πρῐ́στεως); third declension

πρῐ́στῐς (canonical)
prístis (romanization)
πρῐ́στεως (genitive)
ἡ πρῐ́στῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ πρῐ́στει (dual nominative)
αἱ πρῐ́στεις (nominative plural)
τῆς πρῐ́στεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρῐστέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρῐ́στεων (genitive plural)
τῇ πρῐ́στει (dative singular)
τοῖν πρῐστέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πρῐ́στεσῐ (dative plural)
πρῐ́στεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs prístesi (dative plural)
taîs prístesin (dative plural)
τὴν πρῐ́στῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ πρῐ́στει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πρῐ́στεις (accusative plural)
πρῐ́στῐ (singular vocative)
πρῐ́στει (dual vocative)
πρῐ́στεις (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pristis

→ Translingual: Pristis

From πρίζω (prízō, “to saw”) + -τις (-tis, nominal suffix).

af

Common sawfish (Pristis pristis, syn. Pristis antiquorum).


πελωρίς

grc-noun

πελωρῐ́ς • (pelōrís) f (genitive πελωρῐ́δος); third declension

πελωρῐ́ς (canonical)
pelōrís (romanization)
πελωρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ πελωρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ πελωρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ πελωρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς πελωρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πελωρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πελωρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ πελωρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πελωρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πελωρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
πελωρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs pelōrísi (dative plural)
taîs pelōrísin (dative plural)
τὴν πελωρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πελωρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πελωρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
πελωρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
πελωρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
πελωρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pelōris

→ French: palourde

From πέλωρ (pélōr, “portent, prodigy, monster”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).


γερῖνος

grc-noun

γερῖνος • (gerînos) m (genitive γερῑ́νου); second declension

gerînos (romanization)
γερῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ γερῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ γερῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ γερῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ γερῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γερῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γερῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ γερῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γερῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γερῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν γερῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ γερῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς γερῑ́νους (accusative plural)
γερῖνε (singular vocative)
γερῑ́νω (dual vocative)
γερῖνοι (plural vocative)


ὑποστόμια

ὑποστόμῐᾰ • (hupostómia) n pl (genitive ὑποστομῐ́ων); second declension

ὑποστόμῐᾰ (canonical)
hupostómia (romanization)
ὑποστομῐ́ων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ ὑποστόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν ὑποστομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τοῖς ὑποστομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ ὑποστόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ὑποστόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ὑπο- (hupo-, “under, below”) + στόμιον (stómion, “bridle, bit”).


ῥυτήρ

grc-noun

ῥῡτήρ • (rhūtḗr) m (genitive ῥῡτῆρος); third declension

ῥῡτήρ (canonical)
rhūtḗr (romanization)
ῥῡτῆρος (genitive)
ὁ ῥῡτήρ (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτῆρε (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥῡτῆρες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῡτῆρος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτήροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῡτήρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῡτῆρῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτήροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῡτῆρσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῡτῆρσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhūtêrsi (dative plural)
toîs rhūtêrsin (dative plural)
τὸν ῥῡτῆρᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτῆρε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥῡτῆρᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥῡτήρ (singular vocative)
ῥῡτῆρε (dual vocative)
ῥῡτῆρες (plural vocative)

From ἐρύω (erúō, “to protect, guard”) + -τήρ (-tḗr).


βάλαγρος

grc-noun

βᾰ́λᾰγρος • (bálagros) m (genitive βᾰλᾰ́γρου); second declension

βᾰ́λᾰγρος (canonical)
bálagros (romanization)
βᾰλᾰ́γρου (genitive)
ὁ βᾰ́λᾰγρος (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰλᾰ́γρω (dual nominative)
οἱ βᾰ́λᾰγροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βᾰλᾰ́γρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰλᾰ́γροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰλᾰ́γρων (genitive plural)
τῷ βᾰλᾰ́γρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰλᾰ́γροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βᾰλᾰ́γροις (dative plural)
τὸν βᾰ́λᾰγρον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰλᾰ́γρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βᾰλᾰ́γρους (accusative plural)
βᾰ́λᾰγρε (singular vocative)
βᾰλᾰ́γρω (dual vocative)
βᾰ́λᾰγροι (plural vocative)

Furnée compares βάρακος (bárakos, “kind of fish”); this is uncertain. Still, the word is certainly Pre-Greek, because of the variants.

sort of freshwater fish, perhaps a kind of carp


ῥυταγωγεύς

ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς • (rhūtagōgeús) m (genitive ῥῡτᾰγωγέως); third declension

ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς (canonical)
rhūtagōgeús (romanization)
ῥῡτᾰγωγέως (genitive)
ὁ ῥῡτᾰγωγεύς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆς (nominative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖς (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥῡτᾰγωγέως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτᾰγωγέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥῡτᾰγωγέων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥῡτᾰγωγέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦσῐ (dative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦσῐν (dative plural)
toîs rhūtagōgeûsi (dative plural)
toîs rhūtagōgeûsin (dative plural)
τὸν ῥῡτᾰγωγέᾱ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥῡτᾰγωγέᾱς (accusative plural)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῦ (singular vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγῆ (dual vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγῆς (plural vocative)
ῥῡτᾰγωγεῖς (plural vocative)

From ῥυτά (rhutá, “reins”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “guide, escort”) + -εύς (-eús, masculine agentive suffix).


πίφιγξ

grc-noun

πῐ́φῐγξ • (píphinx) f (genitive πῐ́φῐγγος); third declension

πῐ́φῐγξ (canonical)
píphinx (romanization)
πῐ́φῐγγος (genitive)

Probably an onomatopoeia, and as such comparable to πιππίζω (pippízō, “to chirp”), πιπώ (pipṓ, “woodpecker”); the suffix is reminiscent of instances such as σάλπιγξ (sálpinx), πέρδιξ (pérdix), and the morphological variation between -ιγξ (-inx) and -ιξ (-ix) strongly points to Pre-Greek origin.


σελάτης

σελᾰ́της • (selátēs) m (genitive σελᾰ́του); first declension

σελᾰ́της (canonical)
selátēs (romanization)
σελᾰ́του (genitive)
ὁ σελᾰ́της (nominative singular)
τὼ σελᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ σελᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τοῦ σελᾰ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν σελᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σελᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σελᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν σελᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σελᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὸν σελᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ σελᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σελᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
σελᾰ́τᾰ (singular vocative)
σελᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
σελᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

According to Redard, the correct form should be *σιαλίτης (*sialítēs), from σίαλον (síalon, “spittle, saliva”) + -ίτης (-ítēs).


ἴωψ

grc-noun

ἴωψ • (íōps) m (genitive ἴωπος); third declension

íōps (romanization)
ἴωπος (genitive)
ὁ ἴωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἴωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἴωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἴωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἴωψῐ (dative plural)
ἴωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs íōpsi (dative plural)
toîs íōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἴωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἴωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἴωπᾰς (accusative plural)
ἴωψ (singular vocative)
ἴωπε (dual vocative)
ἴωπες (plural vocative)

According to Beekes, undoubtedly a local word for small useless fish, thus from Pre-Greek.


στόμιον

στόμῐον • (stómion) n (genitive στομῐ́ου); second declension

στόμῐον (canonical)
stómion (romanization)
στομῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ στόμῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ στομῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ στόμῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ στομῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν στομῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν στομῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ στομῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν στομῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς στομῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ στόμῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ στομῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ στόμῐᾰ (accusative plural)
στόμῐον (singular vocative)
στομῐ́ω (dual vocative)
στόμῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From στόμα (stóma, “mouth”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


ψήν

grc-noun

ψήν • (psḗn) m (genitive ψηνός); third declension

psḗn (romanization)
ψηνός (genitive)
ὁ ψήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ψῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ψῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ψηνός (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψηνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψηνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ψηνῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψηνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ψησῐ́ (dative plural)
ψησῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs psēsí (dative plural)
toîs psēsín (dative plural)
τὸν ψῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ψῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ψῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
ψήν (singular vocative)
ψῆνε (dual vocative)
ψῆνες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Psen

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek. The connection with ψάω (psáō, “to rub, grate”) is hardly possible. The suffix -ήν can be found also in κηφήν (kēphḗn, “drone”).

gall wasp (insect of the family Cynipidae)


ἀστραγαλῖνος

ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνος

ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νου

ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνος • (astragalînos) m (genitive ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νου); second declension

ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνος (canonical)
astragalînos (romanization)
ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νου (genitive)
ὁ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νους (accusative plural)
ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνε (singular vocative)
ἀστρᾰγᾰλῑ́νω (dual vocative)
ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀστρᾰγᾰλῖνος

From ἀστράγαλος (astrágalos, “dice”) + -ῖνος (-înos).

af

European goldfinch, Eurasian goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)


ὄναγρος

grc-noun

ὄνᾰγρος • (ónagros) m (genitive ὀνᾰ́γρου); second declension

ὄνᾰγρος (canonical)
ónagros (romanization)
ὀνᾰ́γρου (genitive)
ὁ ὄνᾰγρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀνᾰ́γρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄνᾰγροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀνᾰ́γρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀνᾰ́γροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀνᾰ́γρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀνᾰ́γρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀνᾰ́γροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀνᾰ́γροις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄνᾰγρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀνᾰ́γρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀνᾰ́γρους (accusative plural)
ὄνᾰγρε (singular vocative)
ὀνᾰ́γρω (dual vocative)
ὄνᾰγροι (plural vocative)

Greek: όναγρος (ónagros)

→ Albanian: onagër

desctree

→ Latin: onager
French: onagre
Italian: onagro
Portuguese: onagro
Spanish: onagro
→ English: onager

From ὄνος (ónos, “ass, donkey”) + ἄγριος (ágrios, “wild”).


λαζίνης

head

λαζίνης • (lazínēs)

Clearly related to μαζίνης (mazínēs, “cod”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: καλλαρίας ἰχθῦς (kallarías ikhthûs, literally “cod-fish”).


σήραμβος

σήραμβος • (sḗrambos)

Strömberg considered this word to be Laconian for θήραφος (thḗraphos, “spider”). Furnée compares the word to σίραμφος (síramphos, “snout”), assuming that this word denotes a "snout beetle". This is semantically unlikely, but in view of the connection with θήραφος (thḗraphos), the word could be of Pre-Greek origin. Moreover, the suffix -αμβ- is typical of other substrate words, like κεράμβυξ (kerámbux, “longhorn beetle”).

Hesychius' gives the definition as: εἶδος κανθάρου (eîdos kanthárou, literally “kind of beetle”).


σχαδών

grc-noun

σχᾰδών • (skhadṓn) f (genitive σχᾰδόνος); third declension

σχᾰδών (canonical)
skhadṓn (romanization)
σχᾰδόνος (genitive)
ἡ σχᾰδών (nominative singular)
τὼ σχᾰδόνε (dual nominative)
αἱ σχᾰδόνες (nominative plural)
τῆς σχᾰδόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σχᾰδόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σχᾰδόνων (genitive plural)
τῇ σχᾰδόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σχᾰδόνοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σχᾰδόσῐ (dative plural)
σχᾰδόσῐν (dative plural)
taîs skhadósi (dative plural)
taîs skhadósin (dative plural)
τὴν σχᾰδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σχᾰδόνε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σχᾰδόνᾰς (accusative plural)
σχᾰδών (singular vocative)
σχᾰδόνε (dual vocative)
σχᾰδόνες (plural vocative)

Perhaps from σχάζω (skházō, “to make an incision, let flow”), as is traditionally assumed, but the semantics of this etymology are vague.

unk

vague


φάλαρον

grc-noun

φᾰ́λᾰρον • (phálaron) n (genitive φᾰλᾰ́ρου); second declension

φᾰ́λᾰρον (canonical)
phálaron (romanization)
φᾰλᾰ́ρου (genitive)
τὸ φᾰ́λᾰρον (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰλᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰλᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰλᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰλᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰ́λᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰ́λᾰρον (singular vocative)
φᾰλᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
φᾰ́λᾰρᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: phalera

From φάλος (phálos, “crest of a helmet”).


φαλάγγιον

φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον • (phalángion) n (genitive φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου); second declension

φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον (canonical)
phalángion (romanization)
φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φᾰλᾰγγῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ (accusative plural)
φᾰλᾰ́γγῐον (singular vocative)
φᾰλᾰγγῐ́ω (dual vocative)
φᾰλᾰ́γγῐᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σφαλάγγι (sfalángi)

→ Latin: phalangium

→ Translingual: Phalangium

From φάλαγξ (phálanx, “phalanx, battle array”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

European black widow, malmignatte (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus)


γαράμας

grc-noun

γᾰρᾰ́μᾱς • (garámās) m (genitive γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντος); third declension

γᾰρᾰ́μᾱς (canonical)
garámās (romanization)
γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντος (genitive)
ὁ γᾰρᾰ́μᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντε (dual nominative)
οἱ γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντες (nominative plural)
τοῦ γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γᾰρᾰμᾰ́ντοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γᾰρᾰμᾰ́ντων (genitive plural)
τῷ γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γᾰρᾰμᾰ́ντοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γᾰρᾰ́μᾱσῐ (dative plural)
γᾰρᾰ́μᾱσῐν (dative plural)
toîs garámāsi (dative plural)
toîs garámāsin (dative plural)
τὸν γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντε (accusative dual)
τοὺς γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντᾰς (accusative plural)
γᾰρᾰ́μᾰν (singular vocative)
γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντε (dual vocative)
γᾰρᾰ́μᾰντες (plural vocative)

From Γαράμαντες (Garámantes), because they exported the guinea fowl to the Greeks.

Numida meleagris
Numida meleagris#Translingual


πεμφρηδών

πεμφρηδών • (pemphrēdṓn) m (genitive πεμφρηδόνος); third declension

pemphrēdṓn (romanization)
πεμφρηδόνος (genitive)
ὁ πεμφρηδών (nominative singular)
τὼ πεμφρηδόνε (dual nominative)
οἱ πεμφρηδόνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πεμφρηδόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πεμφρηδόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πεμφρηδόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ πεμφρηδόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πεμφρηδόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πεμφρηδόσῐ (dative plural)
πεμφρηδόσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pemphrēdósi (dative plural)
toîs pemphrēdósin (dative plural)
τὸν πεμφρηδόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πεμφρηδόνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πεμφρηδόνᾰς (accusative plural)
πεμφρηδών (singular vocative)
πεμφρηδόνε (dual vocative)
πεμφρηδόνες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Pemphredon

The suffix is the same of ἀνθρηδών (anthrēdṓn, “hornet”) and τενθρηδών (tenthrēdṓn, “kind of wasp”). The base was probably onomatopoeic, and possibly Pre-Greek: compare words for "humming" or "buzzing", like Serbo-Croatian бу̏мба̄р (“bumblebee”), Sanskrit बम्भर (bambhara, “bee”), भ्रमर (bhramara, “large black bee”) and Latin fremō (“to buzz, hum”).

kind of wasp that makes its nest in hollow oaks


ἔποχον

ἔποχον • (épokhon) n (genitive ἐπόχου); second declension

épokhon (romanization)
ἐπόχου (genitive)
τὸ ἔποχον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐπόχω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἔποχᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐπόχου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐπόχοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐπόχων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐπόχῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐπόχοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐπόχοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἔποχον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐπόχω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἔποχᾰ (accusative plural)
ἔποχον (singular vocative)
ἐπόχω (dual vocative)
ἔποχᾰ (plural vocative)

Neutral form of ἔποχος (épokhos, “having a good seat on horseback”).


γαμψῶνυξ

γᾰμψῶνῠξ (canonical)
gampsônux (romanization)
γᾰμψώνῠχος (neuter)
γᾰμψῶνῠξ (feminine masculine nominative singular)
γᾰμψῶνῠξ (neuter nominative singular)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (dual feminine masculine nominative)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (dual neuter nominative)
γᾰμψώνῠχες (feminine masculine nominative plural)
γᾰμψώνῠχᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
γᾰμψώνῠχος (feminine genitive masculine singular)
γᾰμψώνῠχος (genitive neuter singular)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χοιν (dual genitive neuter)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χων (genitive neuter plural)
γᾰμψώνῠχῐ (dative feminine masculine singular)
γᾰμψώνῠχῐ (dative neuter singular)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χοιν (dative dual neuter)
γᾰμψώνῠξῐ (dative feminine masculine plural)
γᾰμψώνῠξῐν (dative feminine masculine plural)
gampsṓnuxi (dative feminine masculine plural)
gampsṓnuxin (dative feminine masculine plural)
γᾰμψώνῠξῐ (dative neuter plural)
γᾰμψώνῠξῐν (dative neuter plural)
gampsṓnuxi (dative neuter plural)
gampsṓnuxin (dative neuter plural)
γᾰμψώνῠχᾰ (accusative feminine masculine singular)
γᾰμψῶνῠξ (accusative neuter singular)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (accusative dual feminine masculine)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (accusative dual neuter)
γᾰμψώνῠχᾰς (accusative feminine masculine plural)
γᾰμψώνῠχᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
γᾰμψῶνῠξ (feminine masculine singular vocative)
γᾰμψῶνῠξ (neuter singular vocative)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (dual feminine masculine vocative)
γᾰμψώνῠχε (dual neuter vocative)
γᾰμψώνῠχες (feminine masculine plural vocative)
γᾰμψώνῠχᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
γᾰμψωνῠ́χως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)

→ Translingual: Gampsonyx

From γαμψός (gampsós, “crooked”) + ὄνυξ (ónux, “nail, talon”).


ἀτταγᾶς

grc-noun

ἀττᾰγᾶς • (attagâs) m (genitive ἀττᾰγᾶ); first declension

ἀττᾰγᾶς (canonical)
attagâs (romanization)
ἀττᾰγᾶ (genitive)
ὁ ἀττᾰγᾶς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀττᾰγᾶ (dual nominative)
οἱ ἀττᾰγαῖ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀττᾰγᾶ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀττᾰγαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀττᾰγῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀττᾰγᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀττᾰγαῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀττᾰγαῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ἀττᾰγᾶν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀττᾰγᾶ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀττᾰγᾶς (accusative plural)
ἀττᾰγᾶ (singular vocative)
ἀττᾰγᾶ (dual vocative)
ἀττᾰγαῖ (plural vocative)

Unexplained. It is called onomatopoeic by Claudius Aelianus after its cry. It could be a Pre-Greek word, in view of the suffix of the variant ἀτταγήν (attagḗn).

Francolinus francolinus
Francolinus francolinus#Translingual

black francolin (Francolinus francolinus)


τέτριξ

τέτρῐξ • (tétrix) f (genitive τέτρῐγος); third declension

τέτρῐξ (canonical)
tétrix (romanization)
τέτρῐγος (genitive)
ἡ τέτρῐξ (nominative singular)
τὼ τέτρῐγε (dual nominative)
αἱ τέτρῐγες (nominative plural)
τῆς τέτρῐγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν τετρῐ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τετρῐ́γων (genitive plural)
τῇ τέτρῐγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν τετρῐ́γοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τέτρῐξῐ (dative plural)
τέτρῐξῐν (dative plural)
taîs tétrixi (dative plural)
taîs tétrixin (dative plural)
τὴν τέτρῐγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ τέτρῐγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τέτρῐγᾰς (accusative plural)
τέτρῐξ (singular vocative)
τέτρῐγε (dual vocative)
τέτρῐγες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Tetrix

Probably onomatopoeic. Similar bird names are Lithuanian tetervà (“grey hen”), Proto-Slavic *tetervь (“black grouse”), Proto-Iranian *tatr̥wáh (“pheasant”) and Sanskrit तित्तिर (tittira, “partridge”). From the same onomatopoeic root are τετράων (tetráōn), τέτραξ (tétrax), τατύρας (tatúras), τέταρος (tétaros) and τετράζω (tetrázō).


σπερμολόγος

spermológos (romanization)
σπερμολόγον (neuter)
σπερμολόγος (feminine masculine nominative singular)
σπερμολόγον (neuter nominative singular)
σπερμολόγω (dual feminine masculine nominative)
σπερμολόγω (dual neuter nominative)
σπερμολόγοι (feminine masculine nominative plural)
σπερμολόγᾰ (neuter nominative plural)
σπερμολόγου (feminine genitive masculine singular)
σπερμολόγου (genitive neuter singular)
σπερμολόγοιν (dual feminine genitive masculine)
σπερμολόγοιν (dual genitive neuter)
σπερμολόγων (feminine genitive masculine plural)
σπερμολόγων (genitive neuter plural)
σπερμολόγῳ (dative feminine masculine singular)
σπερμολόγῳ (dative neuter singular)
σπερμολόγοιν (dative dual feminine masculine)
σπερμολόγοιν (dative dual neuter)
σπερμολόγοις (dative feminine masculine plural)
σπερμολόγοις (dative neuter plural)
σπερμολόγον (accusative feminine masculine singular)
σπερμολόγον (accusative neuter singular)
σπερμολόγω (accusative dual feminine masculine)
σπερμολόγω (accusative dual neuter)
σπερμολόγους (accusative feminine masculine plural)
σπερμολόγᾰ (accusative neuter plural)
σπερμολόγε (feminine masculine singular vocative)
σπερμολόγον (neuter singular vocative)
σπερμολόγω (dual feminine masculine vocative)
σπερμολόγω (dual neuter vocative)
σπερμολόγοι (feminine masculine plural vocative)
σπερμολόγᾰ (neuter plural vocative)
σπερμολόγως (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
σπερμολογώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
σπερμολογώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”) + λέγω (légō, “to gather”).

compound

(figuratively) picking up scraps, gossiping


σπερμολόγος

grc-noun

σπερμολόγος • (spermológos) m (genitive σπερμολόγου); second declension

spermológos (romanization)
σπερμολόγου (genitive)
ὁ σπερμολόγος (nominative singular)
τὼ σπερμολόγω (dual nominative)
οἱ σπερμολόγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ σπερμολόγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σπερμολόγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σπερμολόγων (genitive plural)
τῷ σπερμολόγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σπερμολόγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σπερμολόγοις (dative plural)
τὸν σπερμολόγον (accusative singular)
τὼ σπερμολόγω (accusative dual)
τοὺς σπερμολόγους (accusative plural)
σπερμολόγε (singular vocative)
σπερμολόγω (dual vocative)
σπερμολόγοι (plural vocative)

Corvus frugilegus
Corvus frugilegus#Translingual


κανθαρίς

κᾰνθᾰρῐ́ς • (kantharís) f (genitive κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δος); third declension

κᾰνθᾰρῐ́ς (canonical)
kantharís (romanization)
κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κᾰνθᾰρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κᾰνθᾰρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κᾰνθᾰρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kantharísi (dative plural)
taîs kantharísin (dative plural)
τὴν κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κᾰνθᾰρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κᾰνθᾰρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: cantharis

→ Translingual: Cantharis

From κάνθαρος (kántharos, “dung beetle”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).


ζιγνίς

grc-noun

ζῐγνῐ́ς • (zignís) f (genitive ζῐγνῐ́δος); third declension

ζῐγνῐ́ς (canonical)
zignís (romanization)
ζῐγνῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ζῐγνῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ζῐγνῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ζῐγνῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ζῐγνῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ζῐγνῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ζῐγνῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ζῐγνῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ζῐγνῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ζῐγνῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ζῐγνῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs zignísi (dative plural)
taîs zignísin (dative plural)
τὴν ζῐγνῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ζῐγνῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ζῐγνῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ζῐγνῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ζῐγνῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ζῐγνῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Unknown. According to Beekes, the alternation δ/ζ could lead to a Pre-Greek origin.


δήξ

δήξ • (dḗx) m or f (genitive δηκός); third declension

dḗx (romanization)
δηκός (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ δήξ (nominative singular)
τὼ δῆκε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ δῆκες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς δηκός (genitive singular)
τοῖν δηκοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δηκῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ δηκῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν δηκοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς δηξῐ́ (dative plural)
δηξῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs dēxí (dative plural)
taîs dēxín (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν δῆκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ δῆκε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς δῆκᾰς (accusative plural)
δήξ (singular vocative)
δῆκε (dual vocative)
δῆκες (plural vocative)

⇒ Translingual: Demodex

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”), the same root of δάκνω (dáknō, “to bite”), with the influence of σφήξ (sphḗx, “wasp”).


δέρτρον

δέρτρον • (dértron) n (genitive δέρτρου); second declension

dértron (romanization)
δέρτρου (genitive)
τὸ δέρτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ δέρτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δέρτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ δέρτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δέρτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δέρτροις (dative plural)
τὸ δέρτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ δέρτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ δέρτρᾰ (accusative plural)
δέρτρον (singular vocative)
δέρτρω (dual vocative)
δέρτρᾰ (plural vocative)

From δέρω (dérō, “to skin, flay”) + -τρον (-tron).

suffix

omentum, membrane which contains the bowels


πτύγξ

grc-noun

πτῠ́γξ • (ptúnx) m (genitive πτῠ́γγος); third declension

πτῠ́γξ (canonical)
ptúnx (romanization)
πτῠ́γγος (genitive)
ὁ πτῠ́γξ (nominative singular)
τὼ πτῠ́γγε (dual nominative)
οἱ πτῠ́γγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πτῠγγός (genitive singular)
τοῖν πτῠγγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πτῠγγῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πτῠγγῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν πτῠγγοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πτῠγξῐ́ (dative plural)
πτῠγξῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs ptunxí (dative plural)
toîs ptunxín (dative plural)
τὸν πτῠ́γγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πτῠ́γγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πτῠ́γγᾰς (accusative plural)
πτῠ́γξ (singular vocative)
πτῠ́γγε (dual vocative)
πτῠ́γγες (plural vocative)

Perhaps of Pre-Greek origin, given the suffix -υγγ found also in ἴυγξ (íunx), λάρυγξ (lárunx) and πίσυγγος (písungos).


χαλκίς

χᾰλκῐ́ς • (khalkís) f (genitive χᾰλκῐ́δος); third declension

χᾰλκῐ́ς (canonical)
khalkís (romanization)
χᾰλκῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ χᾰλκῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ χᾰλκῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ χᾰλκῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς χᾰλκῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν χᾰλκῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν χᾰλκῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ χᾰλκῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν χᾰλκῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς χᾰλκῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
χᾰλκῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs khalkísi (dative plural)
taîs khalkísin (dative plural)
τὴν χᾰλκῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ χᾰλκῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς χᾰλκῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
χᾰλκῐ́ς (singular vocative)
χᾰλκῐ́δε (dual vocative)
χᾰλκῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: chalcis

From χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís) or perhaps from the toponym Χαλκίς (Khalkís).

Coracias garrulus
Coracias garrulus#Translingual


πιπώ

πῑπώ • (pīpṓ) f (genitive πῑποῦς); third declension

πῑπώ (canonical)
pīpṓ (romanization)
πῑποῦς (genitive)
ἡ πῑπώ (nominative singular)
τῆς πῑποῦς (genitive singular)
τῇ πῑποῖ (dative singular)
τὴν πῑπώ (accusative singular)
πῑποῖ (singular vocative)

Formation like ἀηδώ (aēdṓ) and τυτώ (tutṓ). Probably onomatopoeic like πιππίζω (pippízō, “to pipe, chirp”) and Sanskrit पिप्पका (pippakā, “kind of bird”). Compare also πῖπος (pîpos, “young piping bird”).

cog

great spotted woodpecker
great spotted woodpecker

Dendrocopos major
Dendrocopos major#Translingual

great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)


ὠμοπλάτη

grc-noun

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη • (ōmoplátē) f (genitive ὠμοπλᾰ́της); first declension

ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (canonical)
ōmoplátē (romanization)
ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive)
ἡ ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τῆς ὠμοπλᾰ́της (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὠμοπλᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὠμοπλᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὠμοπλᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὠμοπλᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὴν ὠμοπλᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τη (singular vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
ὠμοπλᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

Greek: ωμοπλάτη (omopláti)

From ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + πλάτη (plátē, “flat object”).

compound

shoulder blade, scapula, also of animals


ἴνδουρος

grc-noun

ἴνδουρος • (índouros) m (genitive ἰνδούρου); second declension

índouros (romanization)
ἰνδούρου (genitive)
ὁ ἴνδουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰνδούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἴνδουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἰνδούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰνδούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰνδούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἰνδούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰνδούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἰνδούροις (dative plural)
τὸν ἴνδουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰνδούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἰνδούρους (accusative plural)
ἴνδουρε (singular vocative)
ἰνδούρω (dual vocative)
ἴνδουροι (plural vocative)

The similarity with Sanskrit उन्दुर (undura, “rat, mouse”) is rather accidental. For the ending, it can be compared σκίουρος (skíouros, “squirrel”), which must be a loan, perhaps from Pre-Greek


ναυτίλος

ναυτῐ́λος • (nautílos) m (genitive ναυτῐ́λου); second declension

ναυτῐ́λος (canonical)
nautílos (romanization)
ναυτῐ́λου (genitive)
ὁ ναυτῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ ναυτῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ ναυτῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ναυτῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ναυτῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ναυτῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ ναυτῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ναυτῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ναυτῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν ναυτῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ ναυτῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ναυτῐ́λους (accusative plural)
ναυτῐ́λε (singular vocative)
ναυτῐ́λω (dual vocative)
ναυτῐ́λοι (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: nautilus
Catalan: nàutil
English: nautilus
French: nautile
Italian: nautilo
Portuguese: náutilo
Romanian: nautil
Spanish: nautilo
Translingual: Nautilus

Argonauta argo
Argonauta argo#Translingual


μόλουρος

grc-noun

μόλουρος • (mólouros) m (genitive μολούρου); second declension

mólouros (romanization)
μολούρου (genitive)
ὁ μόλουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ μολούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ μόλουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ μολούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν μολούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν μολούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ μολούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν μολούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς μολούροις (dative plural)
τὸν μόλουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ μολούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς μολούρους (accusative plural)
μόλουρε (singular vocative)
μολούρω (dual vocative)
μόλουροι (plural vocative)

No etymology. Given the ending, perhaps it is from Pre-Greek; compare ἴνδουρος (índouros), παλίουρος (palíouros), σκίουρος (skíouros) and τάγχουρος (tánkhouros).

unk

No etymology


ἐσσήν

grc-noun

ἐσσήν • (essḗn) m (genitive ἐσσῆνος); third declension

essḗn (romanization)
ἐσσῆνος (genitive)
ὁ ἐσσήν (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐσσῆνε (dual nominative)
οἱ ἐσσῆνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐσσῆνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐσσήνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐσσήνων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐσσῆνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐσσήνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐσσῆσῐ (dative plural)
ἐσσῆσῐν (dative plural)
toîs essêsi (dative plural)
toîs essêsin (dative plural)
τὸν ἐσσῆνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐσσῆνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἐσσῆνᾰς (accusative plural)
ἐσσήν (singular vocative)
ἐσσῆνε (dual vocative)
ἐσσῆνες (plural vocative)

The ending -ήν is found also in βαλλήν (ballḗn, “king”) and κηφήν (kēphḗn, “drone”): this leads Beekes to think of an Anatolian and Pre-Greek origin. The meaning "king-bee" perhaps arose because of a supposed connection with ἑσμός (hesmós, “swarm”).


ὀρφώς

ὀρφώς • (orphṓs) m (genitive ὀρφώ); second declension

orphṓs (romanization)
ὀρφώ (genitive)
ὁ ὀρφώς (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρφώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀρφῴ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρφώ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρφῴν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρφών (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρφῴ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρφῴν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρφῴς (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρφώ (accusative singular)
ὀρφών (accusative singular)
tòn orphṓ (accusative singular)
tòn orphṓn (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρφώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρφώς (accusative plural)
ὀρφώς (singular vocative)
ὀρφώ (dual vocative)
ὀρφῴ (plural vocative)

Greek: ροφός (rofós)

desctree

→ Latin: orphus
German: Orfe
English: orfe

→ Old Armenian: որփոս (orpʻos)

Unknown. Formation like the fish names λαγώς (lagṓs) and ἀχαρνώς (akharnṓs). Often compared to ὄρφνη (órphnē, “darkness of night”), with reference to the color, but unclear in detail. Connected with ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”) by Bechtel, but without semantic argumentation; perhaps because of its solitary way of life.


κήλων

grc-noun

κήλων • (kḗlōn) m (genitive κήλωνος); third declension

kḗlōn (romanization)
κήλωνος (genitive)
ὁ κήλων (nominative singular)
τὼ κήλωνε (dual nominative)
οἱ κήλωνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κήλωνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κηλώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηλώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κήλωνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κηλώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κήλωσῐ (dative plural)
κήλωσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kḗlōsi (dative plural)
toîs kḗlōsin (dative plural)
τὸν κήλωνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κήλωνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κήλωνᾰς (accusative plural)
κήλων (singular vocative)
κήλωνε (dual vocative)
κήλωνες (plural vocative)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܝܠܘܢܐ (qīlōnā)

Unknown. A secondary formation in -ων (-ōn). Vendryes proposed to start from κῆλον (kêlon, “arrow, projectile”) in the unattested sense of "penis", but this cannot be further substantiated.


ὀρόσπιζος

ὀρόσπῐζος • (oróspizos) m (genitive ὀροσπῐ́ζου); second declension

ὀρόσπῐζος (canonical)
oróspizos (romanization)
ὀροσπῐ́ζου (genitive)
ὁ ὀρόσπῐζος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀροσπῐ́ζω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὀρόσπῐζοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀροσπῐ́ζου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀροσπῐ́ζοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀροσπῐ́ζων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀροσπῐ́ζῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀροσπῐ́ζοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀροσπῐ́ζοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὀρόσπῐζον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀροσπῐ́ζω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀροσπῐ́ζους (accusative plural)
ὀρόσπῐζε (singular vocative)
ὀροσπῐ́ζω (dual vocative)
ὀρόσπῐζοι (plural vocative)

From ὄρος (óros, “mountain”) + σπίζα (spíza, “chaffinch”) + -ος (-os).

compound

Luscinia svecica
Luscinia svecica#Translingual


τροχίλος

grc-noun

τροχῐ́λος • (trokhílos) m (genitive τροχῐ́λου); second declension

τροχῐ́λος (canonical)
trokhílos (romanization)
τροχῐ́λου (genitive)
ὁ τροχῐ́λος (nominative singular)
τὼ τροχῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ τροχῐ́λοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τροχῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τροχῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τροχῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ τροχῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τροχῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τροχῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν τροχῐ́λον (accusative singular)
τὼ τροχῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τροχῐ́λους (accusative plural)
τροχῐ́λε (singular vocative)
τροχῐ́λω (dual vocative)
τροχῐ́λοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: trochilus

→ English: trochilus

→ Spanish: troquilo

→ Translingual: Trochilus

From τρέχω (trékhō, “run, move quickly”) + -ῐ́λος (-ílos, “denoting a kind of bird”).

af

Pluvianus aegyptius
Pluvianus aegyptius#Translingual


κόρθιλος

grc-noun

κόρθῐλος • (kórthilos) m (genitive κορθῐ́λου); second declension

κόρθῐλος (canonical)
kórthilos (romanization)
κορθῐ́λου (genitive)
ὁ κόρθῐλος (nominative singular)
τὼ κορθῐ́λω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόρθῐλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κορθῐ́λου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κορθῐ́λοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κορθῐ́λων (genitive plural)
τῷ κορθῐ́λῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κορθῐ́λοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κορθῐ́λοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόρθῐλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κορθῐ́λω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κορθῐ́λους (accusative plural)
κόρθῐλε (singular vocative)
κορθῐ́λω (dual vocative)
κόρθῐλοι (plural vocative)

Furnée derives it from κόρυς (kórus, “helmet”), but the form looks Pre-Greek.

Troglodytes troglodytes
Troglodytes troglodytes#Translingual


ἐχήνια

ἐχήνῐᾰ • (ekhḗnia) n pl (genitive ἐχηνῐ́ων); second declension

ἐχήνῐᾰ (canonical)
ekhḗnia (romanization)
ἐχηνῐ́ων (genitive)
τᾰ̀ ἐχήνῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τῶν ἐχηνῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τοῖς ἐχηνῐ́οις (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ ἐχήνῐᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐχήνῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From ἔχω (ékhō, “to hold”) + ἡνία (hēnía, “bridle”).


ἔγγραυλις

grc-noun

ἔγγραυλῐς • (éngraulis) f (genitive ἐγγραύλεως); third declension

ἔγγραυλῐς (canonical)
éngraulis (romanization)
ἐγγραύλεως (genitive)
ἡ ἔγγραυλῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐγγραύλει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐγγραύλεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐγγραύλεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐγγραυλέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐγγραύλεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐγγραύλει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐγγραυλέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐγγραύλεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐγγραύλεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs engraúlesi (dative plural)
taîs engraúlesin (dative plural)
τὴν ἔγγραυλῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐγγραύλει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐγγραύλεις (accusative plural)
ἔγγραυλῐ (singular vocative)
ἐγγραύλει (dual vocative)
ἐγγραύλεις (plural vocative)

Greek: γαύρος (gávros)

→ Translingual: Engraulis

Unexplained. Strömberg starts from an unattested verb *ἐγγραυλίζω (*engraulízō), beside γρυλίζω (grulízō, “to grumble”); thus this word would mean "the grumbling one". However, the variation αυ/υ is not convincing.

unk

Unexplained

Engraulis encrasicolus
Engraulis encrasicolus#Translingual

European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus)


σκαλίδρις

grc-noun

σκᾰλῐ́δρῐς • (skalídris) f (genitive σκᾰλῐ́δρεως); third declension

σκᾰλῐ́δρῐς (canonical)
skalídris (romanization)
σκᾰλῐ́δρεως (genitive)
ἡ σκᾰλῐ́δρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰλῐ́δρει (dual nominative)
αἱ σκᾰλῐ́δρεις (nominative plural)
τῆς σκᾰλῐ́δρεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλῐδρέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰλῐ́δρεων (genitive plural)
τῇ σκᾰλῐ́δρει (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰλῐδρέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σκᾰλῐ́δρεσῐ (dative plural)
σκᾰλῐ́δρεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs skalídresi (dative plural)
taîs skalídresin (dative plural)
τὴν σκᾰλῐ́δρῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰλῐ́δρει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σκᾰλῐ́δρεις (accusative plural)
σκᾰλῐ́δρῐ (singular vocative)
σκᾰλῐ́δρει (dual vocative)
σκᾰλῐ́δρεις (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Calidris

According to Beekes, the variation σκ-/κ- may point to Pre-Greek origin.


τέταρος

τέτᾰρος • (tétaros) m (genitive τετᾰ́ρου); second declension

τέτᾰρος (canonical)
tétaros (romanization)
τετᾰ́ρου (genitive)
ὁ τέτᾰρος (nominative singular)
τὼ τετᾰ́ρω (dual nominative)
οἱ τέτᾰροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τετᾰ́ρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τετᾰ́ροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τετᾰ́ρων (genitive plural)
τῷ τετᾰ́ρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τετᾰ́ροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τετᾰ́ροις (dative plural)
τὸν τέτᾰρον (accusative singular)
τὼ τετᾰ́ρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τετᾰ́ρους (accusative plural)
τέτᾰρε (singular vocative)
τετᾰ́ρω (dual vocative)
τέτᾰροι (plural vocative)

Liddell and Scott remark that the word is a loan from the Orient, possibly Proto-Iranian *tatr̥wáh (“pheasant”), referring to Middle Persian [script needed] (tedzrev, “pheasant”). They further compare Lithuanian tetervà (“black grouse”). Athenaeus of Naucratis states that this word was imported from Media. See also τέτραξ (tétrax, “hazel grouse”).

cog

Phasianus colchicus
Phasianus colchicus#Translingual


τράχουρος

grc-noun

τρᾱ́χουρος • (trā́khouros) m (genitive τρᾱχούρου); second declension

τρᾱ́χουρος (canonical)
trā́khouros (romanization)
τρᾱχούρου (genitive)
ὁ τρᾱ́χουρος (nominative singular)
τὼ τρᾱχούρω (dual nominative)
οἱ τρᾱ́χουροι (nominative plural)
τοῦ τρᾱχούρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρᾱχούροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρᾱχούρων (genitive plural)
τῷ τρᾱχούρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρᾱχούροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς τρᾱχούροις (dative plural)
τὸν τρᾱ́χουρον (accusative singular)
τὼ τρᾱχούρω (accusative dual)
τοὺς τρᾱχούρους (accusative plural)
τρᾱ́χουρε (singular vocative)
τρᾱχούρω (dual vocative)
τρᾱ́χουροι (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Trachurus

From τραχύς (trakhús, “rough”) + οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).

affix

Trachurus trachurus
Trachurus trachurus#Translingual


ψῆττα

grc-noun

ψῆττᾰ • (psêtta) f (genitive ψήττης); first declension

ψῆττᾰ (canonical)
psêtta (romanization)
ψήττης (genitive)
ἡ ψῆττᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ψήττᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ψῆτται (nominative plural)
τῆς ψήττης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ψήτταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ψηττῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ψήττῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ψήτταιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ψήτταις (dative plural)
τὴν ψῆττᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ ψήττᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ψήττᾱς (accusative plural)
ψῆττᾰ (singular vocative)
ψήττᾱ (dual vocative)
ψῆτται (plural vocative)

→ Latin: psētta

Unclear. Frisk suggests it could stand for *ψήχια (*psḗkhia), from ψήχω (psḗkhō, “to rub down”) (because of its hard, raw skin), comparing θρίσσα (thríssa, “kind of fish”) and θρίξ (thríx, “hair”). Of course, this is only a suggestion.

unk

Unclear


πελεκάν

grc-noun

πελεκᾰ́ν • (pelekán) m (genitive πελεκᾶνος); third declension

πελεκᾰ́ν (canonical)
pelekán (romanization)
πελεκᾶνος (genitive)
ὁ πελεκᾰ́ν (nominative singular)
τὼ πελεκᾶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ πελεκᾶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ πελεκᾶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πελεκᾱ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πελεκᾱ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ πελεκᾶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πελεκᾱ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πελεκᾶσῐ (dative plural)
πελεκᾶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pelekâsi (dative plural)
toîs pelekâsin (dative plural)
τὸν πελεκᾶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ πελεκᾶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς πελεκᾶνᾰς (accusative plural)
πελεκᾰ́ν (singular vocative)
πελεκᾶνε (dual vocative)
πελεκᾶνες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: pelecānus (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: պեղական (pełakan)

Derived from πέλεκυς (pélekus, “axe”), because of the functional and/or formal similarity with an axe. Compare similar bird names, like πελεκανός (pelekanós, “coot”), πελεκᾶς (pelekâs, “woodpecker”) and πελεκῖνος (pelekînos, “pelican”). Furnée compares σπέλεκτος (spélektos, “pelican”), suggesting a Pre-Greek etymology.


καρτάζωνος

κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνος • (kartázōnos) m (genitive κᾰρτᾰζώνου); second declension

κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνος (canonical)
kartázōnos (romanization)
κᾰρτᾰζώνου (genitive)
ὁ κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνος (nominative singular)
τὼ κᾰρτᾰζώνω (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰρτᾰζώνου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κᾰρτᾰζώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κᾰρτᾰζώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰρτᾰζώνῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κᾰρτᾰζώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰρτᾰζώνοις (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνον (accusative singular)
τὼ κᾰρτᾰζώνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰρτᾰζώνους (accusative plural)
κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνε (singular vocative)
κᾰρτᾰζώνω (dual vocative)
κᾰρτᾰ́ζωνοι (plural vocative)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (klg /karg/, “rhinoceros; horn”) + [script needed] (-dʾn' /-dān/, “bearer, holder”), ultimately from Sanskrit खड्ग (khaḍga, “rhinoceros; literally sword bearer”). Compare Persian کرگدن (“rhino”), Arabic كَرْكَدَّن (karkaddan, “rhinoceros”), Classical Syriac ܟܪܟܕܢܐ (karkǝḏānā, “rhinoceros”), Sanskrit खड्गधेनु (khaḍgadhenu, “a female rhinoceros”) and Hindi खाँग (khāṅg).

cog

Rhinoceros unicornis
Rhinoceros unicornis#Translingual

Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)