κόκκος

grc-noun

κόκκος • (kókkos) m (genitive κόκκου); second declension

kókkos (romanization)
κόκκου (genitive)
ὁ κόκκος (nominative singular)
τὼ κόκκω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόκκοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κόκκου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόκκοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κόκκων (genitive plural)
τῷ κόκκῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόκκοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κόκκοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόκκον (accusative singular)
τὼ κόκκω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κόκκους (accusative plural)
κόκκε (singular vocative)
κόκκω (dual vocative)
κόκκοι (plural vocative)

Greek: κόκκος (kókkos)

→ Latin: coccum (see there for further descendants)

Uncertain; possibly from Pre-Greek. Potential cognates include Spanish cuesco (“stone (of fruit)”), though this is rejected by Furnee.

Quercus coccifera
Quercus coccifera#Translingual


φηγός

φηγός • (phēgós) f (genitive φηγοῦ); second declension

phēgós (romanization)
φηγοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φηγός (nominative singular)
τὼ φηγώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φηγοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φηγοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φηγοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φηγῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φηγῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φηγοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φηγοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φηγόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φηγώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φηγούς (accusative plural)
φηγέ (singular vocative)
φηγώ (dual vocative)
φηγοί (plural vocative)

→ Old Armenian: փեկոն (pʻekon)

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰāgós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos. Cognates include Latin fāgus, Old English bēċe (whence English beech), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰 (bōka, “beech”).


δρῦς

δρῦς • (drûs) f (genitive δρῠός); third declension

drûs (romanization)
δρῠός (genitive)
ἡ δρῦς (nominative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́ε (dual nominative)
αἱ δρῠ́ες (nominative plural)
τῆς δρῠός (genitive singular)
τοῖν δρῠοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν δρῠῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δρῠῐ̈́ (dative singular)
τοῖν δρῠοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς δρῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
δρῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs drusí (dative plural)
taîs drusín (dative plural)
τὴν δρῦν (accusative singular)
τὼ δρῠ́ε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δρῦς (accusative plural)
δρῠ́ᾰς (accusative plural)
δρῦ (singular vocative)
δρῠ́ε (dual vocative)
δρῠ́ες (plural vocative)

From oblique case forms with *drew-, a stem of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) (whence also δόρυ (dóru)). Cognates include Albanian dru (“tree”), Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v /dāruv/) (whence Persian دار (dâr)), and Old English trēow (whence English tree).


φελλός

φελλός • (phellós) m (genitive φελλοῦ); second declension

phellós (romanization)
φελλοῦ (genitive)
ὁ φελλός (nominative singular)
τὼ φελλώ (dual nominative)
οἱ φελλοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ φελλοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν φελλοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φελλῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ φελλῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν φελλοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς φελλοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν φελλόν (accusative singular)
τὼ φελλώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς φελλούς (accusative plural)
φελλέ (singular vocative)
φελλώ (dual vocative)
φελλοί (plural vocative)

Greek: φελλός (fellós)

→ Arabic: فِلّ (fill), فَلّ (fall)

Unknown. The word has been compared with φολίς (pholís, “scale”) and with Russian о́болонь (óbolonʹ, “sapwood, alburnum”) but Beekes finds this improbable.

cog

Quercus suber
Quercus suber#Translingual


αἰγίλωψ

grc-noun

αἰγῐ́λωψ • (aigílōps) m (genitive αἰγῐ́λωπος); third declension

αἰγῐ́λωψ (canonical)
aigílōps (romanization)
αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive)
ὁ αἰγῐ́λωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ αἰγῐ́λωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῐλώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγῐ́λωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγῐ́λωψῐ (dative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsi (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν αἰγῐ́λωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγῐ́λωπᾰς (accusative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψ (singular vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπες (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: aegilōps m, aegilōpa f (Medieval form)
→ Translingual: Aegilops
→ English: aegilops
→ French: égilope

Unclear.
# The oak sense has been argued to retain a Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”) whence Proto-Germanic *aiks (“oak”) and Latin aesculus (“some oak”).
# However, the haver-grass sense has been argued to derive from αἴγιλος (aígilos, “haver-grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”) (whence αἴξ (aíx)).
# For the lachrymal fistula sense, see also ἀγχίλωψ (ankhílōps).

unk

Unclear

Quercus cerris
Quercus cerris#Translingual

Turkey oak (Quercus cerris) or valonia oak (Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis)


ἄσπρις

grc-noun

ἄσπρῐς • (áspris) f (genitive ἄσπρῐδος); third declension

ἄσπρῐς (canonical)
áspris (romanization)
ἄσπρῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ἄσπρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἄσπρῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄσπρῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἄσπρῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσπρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσπρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἄσπρῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσπρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἄσπρῐσῐ (dative plural)
ἄσπρῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ásprisi (dative plural)
taîs ásprisin (dative plural)
τὴν ἄσπρῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἄσπρῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἄσπρῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄσπρῐς (singular vocative)
ἄσπρῐδε (dual vocative)
ἄσπρῐδες (plural vocative)

Unclear. Could be related to Old High German aspa, but the connection is problematic.


σμῖλαξ

σμῖλαξ • (smîlax) f (genitive σμίλακος); third declension

smîlax (romanization)
σμίλακος (genitive)
ἡ σμῖλᾰξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σμῑ́λᾰκε (dual nominative)
αἱ σμῑ́λᾰκες (nominative plural)
τῆς σμῑ́λᾰκος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σμῑλᾰ́κοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σμῑλᾰ́κων (genitive plural)
τῇ σμῑ́λᾰκῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σμῑλᾰ́κοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σμῑ́λᾰξῐ (dative plural)
σμῑ́λᾰξῐν (dative plural)
taîs smī́laxi (dative plural)
taîs smī́laxin (dative plural)
τὴν σμῑ́λᾰκᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σμῑ́λᾰκε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σμῑ́λᾰκᾰς (accusative plural)
σμῖλᾰξ (singular vocative)
σμῑ́λᾰκε (dual vocative)
σμῑ́λᾰκες (plural vocative)

Latin: smīlax

Translingual: Smilax

According to Beekes, the variants prove Pre-Greek origin for this word.

Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata#Translingual

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual


πρῖνος

πρῖνος • (prînos) f (genitive πρῑ́νου); second declension

prînos (romanization)
πρῑ́νου (genitive)
ἡ πρῖνος (nominative singular)
τὼ πρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ πρῖνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς πρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ πρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν πρῖνον (accusative singular)
τὼ πρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πρῑ́νους (accusative plural)
πρῖνε (singular vocative)
πρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
πρῖνοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: prīnus

According to Beekes, from a substrate root common to Proto-Slavic *brinъ (“larch”).


ὕσγη

ὕσγη • (húsgē) f (genitive ὕσγης); first declension

húsgē (romanization)
ὕσγης (genitive)
ἡ ὕσγη (nominative singular)
τὼ ὕσγᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ὕσγαι (nominative plural)
τῆς ὕσγης (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὕσγαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὑσγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ὕσγῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὕσγαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ὕσγαις (dative plural)
τὴν ὕσγην (accusative singular)
τὼ ὕσγᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ὕσγᾱς (accusative plural)
ὕσγη (singular vocative)
ὕσγᾱ (dual vocative)
ὕσγαι (plural vocative)

Pausanias calls the word Galatian but Furnée regards the noun as Pre-Greek because of the variants.

A shrub, probably the kermes oak (Quercus coccifera)


ἀρία

ἀρῐ́ᾱ • (aríā) f (genitive ἀρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἀρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
aríā (romanization)
ἀρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀρῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: αριά (ariá)


σαρωνίς

σᾰρωνῐ́ς • (sarōnís) f (genitive σᾰρωνῐ́δος); third declension

σᾰρωνῐ́ς (canonical)
sarōnís (romanization)
σᾰρωνῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ σᾰρωνῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ σᾰρωνῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ σᾰρωνῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς σᾰρωνῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σᾰρωνῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σᾰρωνῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ σᾰρωνῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σᾰρωνῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σᾰρωνῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
σᾰρωνῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs sarōnísi (dative plural)
taîs sarōnísin (dative plural)
τὴν σᾰρωνῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σᾰρωνῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σᾰρωνῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
σᾰρωνῐ́ς (singular vocative)
σᾰρωνῐ́δε (dual vocative)
σᾰρωνῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Portuguese: sarônide/sarónide

According to Strömberg, from σαρῶνες (sarônes, “net of hunters”), which remains unconvincing in spite of the parallels adduced. The word has been connected with σορωνίς (sorōnís, “old silver fir”); since the variation α/ο cannot be explained, it must be assumed a Pre-Greek origin.


φελλόδρυς

φελλόδρῡς • (phellódrūs) f (genitive φελλόδρῠος); third declension

φελλόδρῡς (canonical)
phellódrūs (romanization)
φελλόδρῠος (genitive)

From φελλός (phellós, “cork oak”) + δρῦς (drûs, “oak”).


ἴψος

grc-noun

ἴψος • (ípsos) m (genitive ἴψου); second declension

ípsos (romanization)
ἴψου (genitive)
ὁ ῐ̓́ψος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́ψω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῐ̓́ψοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̓́ψου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓́ψοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓́ψων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̓́ψῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓́ψοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̓́ψοις (dative plural)
τὸν ῐ̓́ψον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓́ψω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῐ̓́ψους (accusative plural)
ῐ̓́ψε (singular vocative)
ῐ̓́ψω (dual vocative)
ῐ̓́ψοι (plural vocative)

Unknown. Compared to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ebʰ-, with possible cognates Albanian bërshen (“yew, juniper”), Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”) and Proto-Germanic *ibahs (“ivy”).


ἀγριοβάλανος

ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνος

ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νος

ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνος • (agriobálanos) f (genitive ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νος); second declension

ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνος (canonical)
agriobálanos (romanization)
ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νος (genitive)
ἡ ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνε (singular vocative)
ἀγρῐοβᾰλᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνοι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἀγρῐοβᾰ́λᾰνος

From ἄγριος (ágrios, “wild”) + βάλανος (bálanos, “acorn”).


θηλύπρινος

grc-noun

θηλῠ́πρῑνος • (thēlúprīnos) f (genitive θηλῠπρῑ́νου); second declension

θηλῠ́πρῑνος (canonical)
thēlúprīnos (romanization)
θηλῠπρῑ́νου (genitive)
ἡ θηλῠ́πρῑνος (nominative singular)
τὼ θηλῠπρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ θηλῠ́πρῑνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς θηλῠπρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θηλῠπρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θηλῠπρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ θηλῠπρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θηλῠπρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θηλῠπρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν θηλῠ́πρῑνον (accusative singular)
τὼ θηλῠπρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θηλῠπρῑ́νους (accusative plural)
θηλῠ́πρῑνε (singular vocative)
θηλῠπρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
θηλῠ́πρῑνοι (plural vocative)

From θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”) + πρῖνος (prînos, “holm oak”).