σίναπι

grc-noun

σῐ́νᾱπῐ • (sínāpi) n (genitive σῐνᾱ́πεως); third declension

σῐ́νᾱπῐ (canonical)
sínāpi (romanization)
σῐνᾱ́πεως (genitive)
τὸ σῐ́νᾱπῐ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐνᾱ́πει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῐνᾱ́πη (nominative plural)
σῐνᾱ́πεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐνᾱ́πεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐνᾱπέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐνᾱ́πεων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐνᾱ́πει (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐνᾱπέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐνᾱ́πεσῐ (dative plural)
σῐνᾱ́πεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sinā́pesi (dative plural)
toîs sinā́pesin (dative plural)
τὸ σῐ́νᾱπῐ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐνᾱ́πει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῐνᾱ́πη (accusative plural)
σῐνᾱ́πεᾰ (accusative plural)
σῐ́νᾱπῐ (singular vocative)
σῐνᾱ́πει (dual vocative)
σῐνᾱ́πη (plural vocative)
σῐνᾱ́πεᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

Greek: σινάπι (sinápi)
→ Macedonian: синап (sinap)

→ Amharic: ሰናፍጭ (sänafəč̣č̣)

→? Arabic: صِنَاب (ṣināb)
→ Aragonese: senabe
→ Catalan: senabre
→ Spanish: jenabe, ajenabe, ajenabo, jenabo, jenable

→ Ge'ez: ስናፔ (sənappe), ሰናፔ (sänappe)

→ Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃 (sinapis)

→ Latin: sināpi (see there for further descendants)

→ Samoan: sinapi

→ Tigrinya: ሰናፍጭ (sänafəč̣č̣)

In mid-20th century thought from Demotic snwpt, but Beekes 2010 considers it Pre-Greek.


κράμβη

grc-noun

κρᾰ́μβη • (krámbē) f (genitive κρᾰ́μβης); first declension

κρᾰ́μβη (canonical)
krámbē (romanization)
κρᾰ́μβης (genitive)

Greek:

Byzantine Greek: κράμβη (krámbē), Byzantine Greek: κράμπη (krámpē)

Modern Greek: κράμβη (krámvi)

→ Arabic: كُرُنْب (kurunb)

Hijazi Arabic: كرنب (kurunb)

→ Aramaic:

desc

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: כְּרַנְבִּי (kranbī)

→ Classical Syriac: ܟܪܒܐ (kərāḇā)

→ Coptic: ⲅⲣⲁⲙⲡⲏ (grampē), ⲅⲣⲁⲙⲡⲉ (grampe), ⲕⲣⲁⲙⲡⲏ (krampē)

→ Latin: crambē

→ Middle Iranian: *karamb, *kalamb

desctree

Persian: کلم (kalam)
Tajik: карам (karam), калам (kalam)
→ Azerbaijani: kələm
→ Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: kelem
Central Kurdish: کەلەرم (kelerm)
→ Kyrgyz: керем (kerem)
→ Ottoman Turkish: كلم (kelem)
Turkish: kelem
→ Uzbek: karam

→ Old Armenian: կաղամբ (kałamb)
Middle Armenian: կաղամբ (kałamb), կաղամպ (kałamp), կաղանբ (kałanb), կաղամբոս (kałambos)
→ Armenian: կաղամբ (kałamb)
→ Lezgi: клампӏ (klamṗ), гилампӏ (gilamṗ, “turnip, radish”)
→ Old Georgian: კალნაბი (ḳalnabi)
Georgian: კალნაბი (ḳalnabi)
→ Udi: кӏаламб (ḳalamb)

desc

⇒ Ancient Greek: κραμβίδιον (krambídion, diminutive)

→ Arabic: قَرْنَبِيط (qarnabīṭ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Coptic: ⲅⲣⲁⲙⲡⲓⲧ (grampit)

⇒ Ancient Greek: κραμβίον (krambíon) ("decoction of κράμβη")

Byzantine Greek: κραμβίν (krambín), κραμπί(ν), κραμπίον

Usually connected with κράμβος (krámbos, “dry; blight in grapes, when they shrivel”), assuming that the plant was named after its shrunken leaves, but this is rejected by Beekes, who leaves the origin open.

μὰ τὴν κράμβην ― mà tḕn krámbēn ― by the cabbage! (μά + accusative: comic oath)

Albert Socin
Ernst Kuhn
Wilhelm Geiger
de:Christian Bartholomae
de:Paul Horn (Philologe)
ru:Залеман, Карл Германович


βουνιάς

grc-noun

βουνιάς • (bouniás) f (genitive βουνιάδος); third declension

bouniás (romanization)
βουνιάδος (genitive)
ἡ βουνῐᾰ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ βουνῐᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ βουνῐᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς βουνῐᾰ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουνῐᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουνῐᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ βουνῐᾰ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουνῐᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βουνῐᾰ́σῐ (dative plural)
βουνῐᾰ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs bouniási (dative plural)
taîs bouniásin (dative plural)
τὴν βουνῐᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βουνῐᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βουνῐᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
βουνῐᾰ́ς (singular vocative)
βουνῐᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
βουνῐᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

q

→? Arabic: بُوشَاد (būšād), بُرْشَاد (buršād), بُورْشَاد (būršād), بُوشْيَاد (būšyād) (a word quoted after lost authors in medieval herbaries and drugbooks and reckoned “Persian”, after Vullers mayhaps mutilated from Dioskurides)

→ Latin: būnias

From βουνός (bounós, “hill”) + -ιάς (-iás).

Brassica napus
Brassica napus#Translingual


ῥάπυς

grc-noun

ῥᾰ́πῠς • (rhápus) f (genitive ῥᾰ́πῠος); third declension

ῥᾰ́πῠς (canonical)
rhápus (romanization)
ῥᾰ́πῠος (genitive)
ἡ ῥᾰ́πῠς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́πῠε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥᾰ́πῠες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥᾰ́πῠος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰπῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥᾰπῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥᾰ́πῠῐ̈ (dative singular)
ῥᾰ́πυι (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥᾰπῠ́οιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥᾰ́πῠσῐ (dative plural)
ῥᾰ́πῠσῐν (dative plural)
taîs rhápusi (dative plural)
taîs rhápusin (dative plural)
τὴν ῥᾰ́πῠν (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥᾰ́πῠε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́πῡς (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́πῠᾰς (accusative plural)
ῥᾰ́πῠ (singular vocative)
ῥᾰ́πῠε (dual vocative)
ῥᾰ́πῠες (plural vocative)

A number of similar words for turnip exist in European languages, but inconsistencies lend to the idea of multiple borrowings, rather than a Proto-Indo-European origin. Compare Latin rapus, Old High German ruoba, Lithuanian rópė. Also see ῥάφανος (rháphanos, “cabbage”). Compare, however, Albanian rrapë, which supposedly comes from Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps (“radish, rape”).


ἄλυσσον

ἄλυσσον • (álusson) n (genitive ἀλύσσου); second declension

álusson (romanization)
ἀλύσσου (genitive)

Greek: αλύσσο (alýsso)

→ Arabic: أَلُوسَن (ʔalūsan)

→ Middle Armenian: ալուսան (alusan)

→ Persian: آلوسن (âlusan)

→ Latin: alysson

→ French: alysse, alysson

→ Latin: alyssum

→ English: alyssum

→ Translingual: Alyssum

Usually derived from ἀ- (a-, “privative prefix”) + λύσσα (lússa, “rage”).

affix

Sideritis romana
Wikispecies:Sideritis romana

name of a certain plant used for curing madness; according to LSJ, specifically madwort (Farsetia clypeata → Fibigia clypeata) and Galen's madwort (Sideritis romana)


σκύβα

head

σκύβα • (skúba)

Unknown. Only attested in Hesychius. The alternative form σκοῦβα probably shows that this word also existed in another (non-Attic) dialect where the shift /u/ > /y/ did not take place, with <ου> used to represent the old /u/ sound.

σκύβα· λάχανον ἡ λαψάνη. τινὲς δὲ σκοῦβα

5th c. C.E., Hesychius of Alexandria, Γλώσσαι, Σ:

skúba: (herb) charlock - according to some: "skoûba"

skúba; lákhanon hē lapsánē. tinès dè skoûba

(hapax) (According to Hesychius of Alexandria:) charlock (Brassica arvensis)


ἀνάρρινον

grc-noun

ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνον • (anárrhīnon) n (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νου); second declension

ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνον (canonical)
anárrhīnon (romanization)
ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νου (genitive)
τὸ ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνον (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νων (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νοις (dative plural)
τὸ ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνᾰ (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνον (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓νᾰρρῑ́νω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓νᾰ́ρρῑνᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: anarrhīnon

Translingual: Anarrhinum

From ἀνᾰ- (ana-, “on, upon”) + ῥῑ́ς (rhī́s, “nose”) + -ον (-on).

af

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 925a.30

250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 9.369b

200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Fr. 84

Lepidium sativum
Lepidium sativum#Translingual


ἐρύσιμον

grc-noun

ἐρῠ́σῐμον • (erúsimon) n (genitive ἐρῠσῐ́μου); second declension

ἐρῠ́σῐμον (canonical)
erúsimon (romanization)
ἐρῠσῐ́μου (genitive)
τὸ ἐρῠ́σῐμον (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῐ́μω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐρῠ́σῐμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρῠσῐ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῐ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῠσῐ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρῠσῐ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῐ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρῠσῐ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸ ἐρῠ́σῐμον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῐ́μω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐρῠ́σῐμᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐρῠ́σῐμον (singular vocative)
ἐρῠσῐ́μω (dual vocative)
ἐρῠ́σῐμᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: erysimon

According to Beekes, from ἔρυμαι (érumai, “to protect, to save”).

371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 8.3.1

40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 2.158

200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Theriaca 894

Orph., A. 917


σισύμβριον

σῐσύμβρῐον • (sisúmbrion) n (genitive σῐσυμβρίου); second declension

σῐσύμβρῐον (canonical)
sisúmbrion (romanization)
σῐσυμβρίου (genitive)
τὸ σῐσύμβρῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ σῐσυμβρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῐσύμβρῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῐσυμβρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῐσυμβρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῐσυμβρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ σῐσυμβρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῐσυμβρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῐσυμβρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ σῐσύμβρῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ σῐσυμβρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῐσύμβρῐᾰ (accusative plural)
σῐσύμβρῐον (singular vocative)
σῐσυμβρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
σῐσύμβρῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: sisymbrium

desc

→ Middle Persian: [script needed] (sysymbl), [script needed] (sysynbl /sīsīmbar/)

Persian: سوسنبر (susanbar)

→ Translingual: Sisymbrium

Nasturtium officinale
Nasturtium officinale#Translingual


κάρδαμον

grc-noun

κάρδαμον • (kárdamon) n (genitive καρδάμου); second declension

kárdamon (romanization)
καρδάμου (genitive)
τὸ κάρδαμον (nominative singular)
τὼ καρδάμω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κάρδαμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ καρδάμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν καρδάμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν καρδάμων (genitive plural)
τῷ καρδάμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν καρδάμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς καρδάμοις (dative plural)
τὸ κάρδαμον (accusative singular)
τὼ καρδάμω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κάρδαμᾰ (accusative plural)
κάρδαμον (singular vocative)
καρδάμω (dual vocative)
κάρδαμᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: κάρδαμο (kárdamo)

A wanderword, related to Middle Armenian կոտեմ (kotem, “garden cress”), which see for closer forms.

cog

garden cress (Lepidium sativum), of which the seed was eaten like mustard


ἰσάτις

grc-noun

ῑ̓σάτῐς • (īsátis) f (genitive ῑ̓σάτῐδος); third declension

ῑ̓σάτῐς (canonical)
īsátis (romanization)
ῑ̓σάτῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓σᾰτῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῑ̓σᾰτῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῑ̓σᾰτῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐσῐ (dative plural)
ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs īsátisi (dative plural)
taîs īsátisin (dative plural)
τὴν ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐς (singular vocative)
ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδε (dual vocative)
ῑ̓σᾰ́τῐδες (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: سُدُوس (sudūs)

desc

→ Hebrew: אִיסָטִיס (ʾīsāṭēs)

→ Hebrew: אִיסָטִיס (ʾīsāṭēs), in old times also אֶסְטֵס (ʾesəṭēs), אסטס, אִסְטֵיס (ʾīsəṭēs), סטיס

→ Latin: īsatis
→ Translingual: Isatis

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܝܣܛܝܣ (/*ʾīsāṭēs/), ܐܝܣܐܛܝܣ (/*ʾīsāṭēs/)

Unknown. Perhaps loaned from a substrate source common to Latin vitrum (“glass, dyer's woad”), Proto-Germanic *waizdaz. Beekes notes that the plant was probably named for its glass-like color.

Isatis tinctoria
Isatis tinctoria#Translingual


δράβη

grc-noun

δράβη • (drábē) f (genitive δράβης); first declension

drábē (romanization)
δράβης (genitive)
ἡ δράβη (nominative singular)
τὼ δράβᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δράβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δράβης (genitive singular)
τοῖν δράβαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δραβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δράβῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν δράβαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δράβαις (dative plural)
τὴν δράβην (accusative singular)
τὼ δράβᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δράβᾱς (accusative plural)
δράβη (singular vocative)
δράβᾱ (dual vocative)
δράβαι (plural vocative)

Translingual: Draba

Lepidium draba
Lepidium draba#Translingual


ῥάφανος

ῥάφᾰνος • (rháphanos) f (genitive ῥαφᾰ́νου); second declension

ῥάφᾰνος (canonical)
rháphanos (romanization)
ῥαφᾰ́νου (genitive)
ἡ ῥάφᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥαφᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ ῥάφᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ῥαφᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥαφᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥαφᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ ῥαφᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥαφᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ῥαφᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν ῥάφᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥαφᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ῥαφᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
ῥάφᾰνε (singular vocative)
ῥαφᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
ῥάφᾰνοι (plural vocative)

→ Latin: raphanus (see there for further descendants)

Translingual: Raphanus

The formation is similar to other plant names, such as λάχανον (lákhanon), πήγανον (pḗganon) and πύανος (púanos). Since the word is widespread only in Europe, and since it has variant forms, it cannot be an inherited word from Indo-European, but must have been borrowed instead, or otherwise belong to a substrate. Latin rāpum (“turnip”), Old High German ruoba (“turnip, rape”) and Lithuanian rope (“turnip”) point to a pre-form *rāp-; beside this we find Old High German raba and Proto-Slavic *rěpa (“turnip”), which point to *rēp-. In Greek we find also ῥάπυς (rhápus) and ῥάφυς (rháphus, “turnip”). Since the variation "π/φ" and the suffix "-αν-" are evidently Pre-Greek features, the word may originally be of substrate stock; thence the European cognates cited above were borrowed.


εὔζωμον

εὔζωμον • (eúzōmon) n (genitive εὐζώμου); second declension

eúzōmon (romanization)
εὐζώμου (genitive)
τὸ εὔζωμον (nominative singular)
τὼ εὐζώμω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ εὔζωμᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ εὐζώμου (genitive singular)
τοῖν εὐζώμοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν εὐζώμων (genitive plural)
τῷ εὐζώμῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν εὐζώμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς εὐζώμοις (dative plural)
τὸ εὔζωμον (accusative singular)
τὼ εὐζώμω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ εὔζωμᾰ (accusative plural)
εὔζωμον (singular vocative)
εὐζώμω (dual vocative)
εὔζωμᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: euzōmon

Neuter form of εὔζωμος (eúzōmos, “making good broth”).


θλάσπις

θλάσπῐς • (thláspis) f (genitive θλάσπεως); third declension

θλάσπῐς (canonical)
thláspis (romanization)
θλάσπεως (genitive)
ἡ θλᾰ́σπῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ θλᾰ́σπει (dual nominative)
αἱ θλᾰ́σπεις (nominative plural)
τῆς θλᾰ́σπεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν θλᾰσπέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θλᾰ́σπεων (genitive plural)
τῇ θλᾰ́σπει (dative singular)
τοῖν θλᾰσπέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θλᾰ́σπεσῐ (dative plural)
θλᾰ́σπεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs thláspesi (dative plural)
taîs thláspesin (dative plural)
τὴν θλᾰ́σπῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ θλᾰ́σπει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θλᾰ́σπεις (accusative plural)
θλᾰ́σπῐ (singular vocative)
θλᾰ́σπει (dual vocative)
θλᾰ́σπεις (plural vocative)

→ Latin: thlaspi

→ Translingual: Thlaspi

Unknown. Derivation from θλάω (thláō, “to crush, bruise”) is folk-etymological.

Capsella bursa-pastoris
Capsella bursa-pastoris#Translingual

shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)


λεπίδιον

λεπῐ́δῐον • (lepídion) n (genitive λεπῐδῐ́ου); second declension

λεπῐ́δῐον (canonical)
lepídion (romanization)
λεπῐδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ λεπῐ́δῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ λεπῐδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ λεπῐδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν λεπῐδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λεπῐδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ λεπῐδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν λεπῐδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς λεπῐδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ λεπῐ́δῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ λεπῐδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
λεπῐ́δῐον (singular vocative)
λεπῐδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
λεπῐ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Latin: lepidium

→ Translingual: Lepidium

From λεπίς (lepís, “scale, flake”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

Lepidium latifolium
Lepidium latifolium#Translingual


γογγυλίς

grc-noun

γογγῠλῐ́ς • (gongulís) f (genitive γογγῠλῐ́δος); third declension

γογγῠλῐ́ς (canonical)
gongulís (romanization)
γογγῠλῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γογγῠλῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ γογγῠλῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γογγῠλῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γογγῠλῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γογγῠλῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γογγῠλῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γογγῠλῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γογγῠλῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γογγῠλῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γογγῠλῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs gongulísi (dative plural)
taîs gongulísin (dative plural)
τὴν γογγῠλῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γογγῠλῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γογγῠλῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γογγῠλῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γογγῠλῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γογγῠλῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Greek: γογγύλι (gongýli)

From γογγύλος (gongúlos, “round, spherical”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).

af

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual


ἁλμυρίς

grc-noun

ἁλμῡρῐ́ς • (halmūrís) f (genitive ἁλμῡρῐ́δος); third declension

ἁλμῡρῐ́ς (canonical)
halmūrís (romanization)
ἁλμῡρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἁλμῡρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἁλμῡρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἁλμῡρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἁλμῡρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἁλμῡρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἁλμῡρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἁλμῡρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἁλμῡρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἁλμῡρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἁλμῡρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs halmūrísi (dative plural)
taîs halmūrísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἁλμῡρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἁλμῡρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἁλμῡρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἁλμῡρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἁλμῡρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἁλμῡρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

From ἁλμυρός (halmurós, “salty”) + -ῐ́ς (-ís).


λαψάνη

grc-noun

λᾰψᾰ́νη • (lapsánē) f (genitive λᾰψᾰ́νης); first declension

λᾰψᾰ́νη (canonical)
lapsánē (romanization)
λᾰψᾰ́νης (genitive)
ἡ λᾰψᾰ́νη (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰψᾰ́νᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰψᾰ́ναι (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰψᾰ́νης (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰψᾰ́ναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰψᾰνῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰψᾰ́νῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰψᾰ́ναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰψᾰ́ναις (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰψᾰ́νην (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰψᾰ́νᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰψᾰ́νᾱς (accusative plural)
λᾰψᾰ́νη (singular vocative)
λᾰψᾰ́νᾱ (dual vocative)
λᾰψᾰ́ναι (plural vocative)

The variants support Pre-Greek origin, while the connection with λάμπω (lámpō, “to lighten, glow”) remains doubtful.

Rhamphospermum arvense
Rhamphospermum arvense#Translingual

Sinapis arvensis
Sinapis arvensis#Translingual

charlock (Rhamphospermum arvense, syns. Sinapis arvensis, etc.)


ἰβηρίς

ἰβηρῐ́ς • (ibērís) f (genitive ἰβηρῐ́δος); third declension

ἰβηρῐ́ς (canonical)
ibērís (romanization)
ἰβηρῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἰβηρῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἰβηρῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἰβηρῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἰβηρῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἰβηρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἰβηρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἰβηρῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἰβηρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἰβηρῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἰβηρῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs ibērísi (dative plural)
taîs ibērísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἰβηρῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἰβηρῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἰβηρῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἰβηρῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἰβηρῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἰβηρῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Latin: ibēris

→ Translingual: Iberis

Probably from Ἰβηρία (Ibēría, “Iberia”) + -ίς (-ís), after its native environment. Alessio thinks the name is Aegean and compares the word with ἰβίσκος (ibískos, “ibiscus”) and ἰβάνη (ibánē, “water-bucket”).


σησαμοειδές

σησᾰμοειδοῦς

σησᾰμοειδές • (sēsamoeidés) n (genitive σησᾰμοειδοῦς); third declension

σησᾰμοειδές (canonical)
sēsamoeidés (romanization)
σησᾰμοειδοῦς (genitive)
τὸ σησᾰμοειδές (nominative singular)
τὼ σησᾰμοειδεῖ (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σησᾰμοειδῆ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σησᾰμοειδοῦς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σησᾰμοειδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σησᾰμοειδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σησᾰμοειδεῖ (dative singular)
τοῖν σησᾰμοειδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σησᾰμοειδέσῐ (dative plural)
σησᾰμοειδέσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sēsamoeidési (dative plural)
toîs sēsamoeidésin (dative plural)
τὸ σησᾰμοειδές (accusative singular)
τὼ σησᾰμοειδεῖ (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σησᾰμοειδῆ (accusative plural)
σησᾰμοειδές (singular vocative)
σησᾰμοειδεῖ (dual vocative)
σησᾰμοειδῆ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

σησᾰμοειδοῦς

Neutral form of σησᾰμοειδής (sēsamoeidḗs, “like sesame or sesame-seeds”).

fruit of the Lenten rose (Helleborus orientalis)


βότρυον

grc-noun

βότρῠον • (bótruon) n (genitive βοτρῠ́ου); second declension

βότρῠον (canonical)
bótruon (romanization)
βοτρῠ́ου (genitive)
τὸ βότρῠον (nominative singular)
τὼ βοτρῠ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ βότρῠᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ βοτρῠ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βοτρῠ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βοτρῠ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βοτρῠ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βοτρῠ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βοτρῠ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ βότρῠον (accusative singular)
τὼ βοτρῠ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ βότρῠᾰ (accusative plural)
βότρῠον (singular vocative)
βοτρῠ́ω (dual vocative)
βότρῠᾰ (plural vocative)

From βότρυς (bótrus, “bunch of grapes”).


θαλασσοκράμβη

θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη

θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβης

θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη • (thalassokrámbē) f (genitive θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβης); first declension

θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη (canonical)
thalassokrámbē (romanization)
θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβης (genitive)
ἡ θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη (nominative singular)
τὼ θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβαι (nominative plural)
τῆς θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβης (genitive singular)
τοῖν θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰμβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβαις (dative plural)
τὴν θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβην (accusative singular)
τὼ θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβᾱς (accusative plural)
θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη (singular vocative)
θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβᾱ (dual vocative)
θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβαι (plural vocative)

grc-decl

θᾰλᾰσσοκρᾰ́μβη

From θᾰ́λᾰσσᾰ (thálassa, “sea”) + κράμβη (krámbē, “cabbage”).


σόρνιξα

head

σόρνιξα • (sórnixa)

From Pre-Greek, like ῥόμιξα (rhómixa, “kind of javelin”).

Hesychius gives the definition as: εὔζωμον (eúzōmon, “rocket, arugula”).


ἀραβίς

grc-noun

ἀρᾰβῐ́ς • (arabís) f (genitive ἀρᾰβῐ́δος); third declension

ἀρᾰβῐ́ς (canonical)
arabís (romanization)
ἀρᾰβῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ ἀρᾰβῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρᾰβῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀρᾰβῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρᾰβῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρᾰβῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρᾰβῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρᾰβῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρᾰβῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρᾰβῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
ἀρᾰβῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs arabísi (dative plural)
taîs arabísin (dative plural)
τὴν ἀρᾰβῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρᾰβῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρᾰβῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
ἀρᾰβῐ́ς (singular vocative)
ἀρᾰβῐ́δε (dual vocative)
ἀρᾰβῐ́δες (plural vocative)

→ Translingual: Arabis

Probably from Ἀρᾰβῐ́ᾱ (Arabíā, “Arabia”) + -ίς (-ís), after its native environment. For the formation compare ἰβηρίς (ibērís, “pepperwort”).


γιγγίς

γῐγγῐ́ς • (gingís) f (genitive γῐγγῐ́δος); third declension

γῐγγῐ́ς (canonical)
gingís (romanization)
γῐγγῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ γῐγγῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ γῐγγῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ γῐγγῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς γῐγγῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῐγγῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῐγγῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ γῐγγῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῐγγῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γῐγγῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
γῐγγῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs gingísi (dative plural)
taîs gingísin (dative plural)
τὴν γῐγγῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γῐγγῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γῐγγῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
γῐγγῐ́ς (singular vocative)
γῐγγῐ́δε (dual vocative)
γῐγγῐ́δες (plural vocative)

Solmsen assumed an earlier form *γεγγίς (*gengís), with assimilation, connecting the word with γογγύλος (gongúlos, “round”). However, according to Beekes, it is rather a Pre-Greek word.


γιγγίδιον

γῐγγῐ́δῐον • (gingídion) n (genitive γῐγγῐδῐ́ου); second declension

γῐγγῐ́δῐον (canonical)
gingídion (romanization)
γῐγγῐδῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ γῐγγῐ́δῐον (nominative singular)
τὼ γῐγγῐδῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γῐγγῐ́δῐᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γῐγγῐδῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν γῐγγῐδῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γῐγγῐδῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ γῐγγῐδῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν γῐγγῐδῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γῐγγῐδῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ γῐγγῐ́δῐον (accusative singular)
τὼ γῐγγῐδῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γῐγγῐ́δῐᾰ (accusative plural)
γῐγγῐ́δῐον (singular vocative)
γῐγγῐδῐ́ω (dual vocative)
γῐγγῐ́δῐᾰ (plural vocative)

From γῐγγῐ́ς (gingís, “kind of turnip”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).


λάψα

grc-noun

λάψᾰ • (lápsa) f (genitive λάψης); first declension

λάψᾰ (canonical)
lápsa (romanization)
λάψης (genitive)
ἡ λᾰ́ψᾰ (nominative singular)
αἱ λᾰ́ψαι (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰ́ψης (genitive singular)
τῶν λᾰψῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰ́ψῃ (dative singular)
ταῖς λᾰ́ψαις (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰ́ψᾰν (accusative singular)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰ́ψᾱς (accusative plural)
λᾰ́ψᾰ (singular vocative)
λᾰ́ψαι (plural vocative)

Unknown, but probably a Wanderwort related to Proto-Semitic *lapt- (“turnip”), Sumerian 𒇻𒂠𒊬 (LU-UB₂^(ŠAR) /lub/, “turnip”). Only attested as a gloss in Hesychius.

cog

λάψα· γογγυλίς. Περγαῖοι

5th c. C.E., Hesychius of Alexandria, Γλώσσαι, Λ: