LA

(inorganic chemistry) Initialism of lead arsenate.


OH

(inorganic chemistry) A hydroxide radical, or hydroxyl group.


氨

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 气 (“gas”) + phonetic 安 (ān).
Borrowed from English ammonia. Related to 銨／铵 (ǎn, “ammonium”) and 胺 (àn, “amine”).


硝

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sew): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews)


肼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic ⺼ + phonetic 井 (jǐng).
Borrowed from English hydrazine. Derivative: 𨥙 (jǐng, “hydrazinium”).


III

(inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 3


IV

(inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 4


II

head

II (upper case Roman numeral, lower case ii)

(inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 2

III

Next; Specifying an oxidation state of 2


aqua

en-noun

aqua (countable and uncountable, plural aquas or aquae)

From Middle English aqua (“water”), borrowed from Latin aqua. Perhaps also a learned borrowing directly from Latin. Doublet of ea, Eau, eau, and yeo.

(inorganic chemistry) The compound water.


curious

(inorganic chemistry, rare) Containing or pertaining to trivalent curium.


carbon monoxide

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carbon monoxide poisoning

A process for preparing normally solid high molecular weight, hydrocarbon polymers which comprises heating and reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen at a temperature of 125 ° to 350 °C, under a pressure of at least 30 atmospheres and in contact with a phosphomolybdic compound represented by the formula P₂Mo_(20–24)O_(2–60).

1959, The Canadian Patent Office Record and Register of Copyrights, volume 87, page 6658:

(inorganic chemistry) A colorless, odorless, flammable, highly toxic gas.

കാർബൺ മോണോക്സൈഡ്

kāṟbaṇ mōṇōksaiḍŭ


ammonia

ammonia (countable and uncountable, plural ammonias)

From Latin sal ammoniacus (“salt of Amun, ammonium chloride”), named so because it was found near the temple of (Jupiter) Ammon in Egypt. Ammon derives from Ancient Greek Ἄμμων (Ámmōn), from Egyptian jmn (i-mn:n-A4).

der

(inorganic chemistry) A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH₃, with a pungent smell and taste.


light water

(inorganic chemistry) Water in its standard form of H₂O, containing two protium (¹H) hydrogen atoms, as opposed to heavy water (which contains deuterium, ²H).


hydrochloric acid

en-noun

hydrochloric acid (countable and uncountable, plural hydrochloric acids)

If not sufficiently purified, a little hydrochloric or oxalic acid, or caustic potash may be put in the water, according as the stains are from grease or from ink.

1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 92:

In the case of nitric acid, however, the employment of the aræometer introduces far greater errors than when it is used for sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and in most other cases, as the concentrated nitric acids as a rule always contain nitrogen tetroxide in solution, the quantity being seldom less than 1 per cent., but more generally several per cent., which makes its strength when taken with the aræometer seem greater than it actually is.

1905, Georg Lunge, Alfred Isaac Cohn, Techno‐Chemical Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, pages 57–58:

(inorganic chemistry) A strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water. It reacts with alkalis, bases and many metals to form chlorides; it has many industrial applications.


heavy water

(inorganic chemistry) Water containing deuterium instead of normal hydrogen (protium); used as a moderator in nuclear reactors.

重水

water containing deuterium instead of normal hydrogen


bromide

From brom- + -ide. First used in the sense “dull person” by Gelett Burgess.
Figurative sense ("platitude") by extending the medicating sense through the metaphor of pacifying or placating.

“How fortunate Buddha, Mahomed, and Shakespeare were that their kind relations and doctors did not cure them of their ecstasy and their inspiration,” said Kovrin. “If Mahomed had taken bromide for his nerves, had worked only two hours out of the twenty-four, and had drunk milk, that remarkable man would have left no more trace after him than his dog. […]”

1894, Anton Chekhov, translated by Constance Garnett, The Black Monk, published 1917:

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of bromine and some other element or radical.

bromur

chemistry: binary compound of bromine and another element


sulphuric acid

(British spelling, inorganic chemistry) A colourless highly corrosive liquid, H₂SO₄.


sulfuric acid

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(American spelling, inorganic chemistry) A transparent, oily liquid, formula H₂SO₄, that is a strong acid with very many industrial applications.


cacoxenite

From Ancient Greek κακός (kakós, “bad”) + ξένος (xénos, “guest”) because the phosphorous content of cacoxenite lessens the quality of iron smelted from ore containing it.

(inorganic chemistry, mineralogy) A soft phosphate of iron occurring in yellowish clumps: hydrated iron aluminum phosphate oxide: (Fe,Al)₂₅(PO₄)₁₇O₆(OH)₁₂·17H₂O.


azotometer

/ˌeɪzəʊˈtɒmɪtɚ/

The gases passed over a hot roll of copper gauze, then through a weighed calcium chloride tube, which absorbed the water, into an azotometer containing a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide where the nitrogen was measured.

1885, American Journal of Science, 3rd Series, Volume 30, page 57:

(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) An apparatus for measuring or determining the proportion of nitrogen.


kyselina sírová

kyselina sírová (nominative singular)
kyseliny sírové (nominative plural)
kyseliny sírové (genitive singular)
kyselin sírových (genitive plural)
kyselině sírové (dative singular)
kyselinám sírovým (dative plural)
kyselinu sírovou (accusative singular)
kyseliny sírové (accusative plural)
kyselino sírová (singular vocative)
kyseliny sírové (plural vocative)
kyselině sírové (locative singular)
kyselinách sírových (locative plural)
kyselinou sírovou (instrumental singular)
kyselinami sírovými (instrumental plural)


phosphine

phosphine (countable and uncountable, plural phosphines)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) A toxic gas, chemical formula PH₃.


Glauber's salt

Glauber's salt (countable and uncountable, plural Glauber's salts)

Glauber+salt. Named after German iatrochemist Johann Glauber (1604–1670) who manufactured sodium sulphate, a salt, in 1656.

named-after

(inorganic chemistry) sodium sulphate (typically a hydrated form) typically used as a laxative or in dyeing wool.


arsine

en-noun

arsine (countable and uncountable, plural arsines)

From ars(enic) + -ine (“suffix used to form names of chemical substances”).

suffix

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH₃, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic.


amide

(inorganic chemistry) Any ionic derivative of ammonia in which a hydrogen atom has been replaced with a metal cation (R-NH⁻ or R₂N⁻)


auric

(inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to trivalent gold.


cupric

Ultimately from Latin cuprum (“copper”). See -ic.

(inorganic chemistry) Containing copper with an oxidation number of 2

rameico

containing copper with an oxidation number of 2


borate

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(inorganic chemistry) The oxyanion BO₃³⁻ or any of several more complex derivatives


borax

en-noun

borax (usually uncountable, plural boraxes or boraces)

From Middle English boras, from Anglo-Norman boreis, from Medieval Latin borax, baurach (“borax”), from Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq), from Middle Persian bwlk' (bōrag), which yielded Persian بوره (bure).

water of crystallization
water of crystallization

(inorganic chemistry) The sodium salt of boric acid, Na₂B₄O₇, either anhydrous or with 5 or 10 molecules of water of crystallization; sodium tetraborate.


halide

Potassium iodide is a halide.

(inorganic chemistry) A salt of any halogen acid.


iodide

/ˈɑɪ.əˌdɑɪd/

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The organification of iodide in the thyroid gland was described using a second order rate constant (KthybindC, /nmol/L*hr/kg thyroid weight) fitted to provide thyroidal iodide stores near the maximal value, which increased with age.

2016 March 2, “Dietary Iodine Sufficiency and Moderate Insufficiency in the Lactating Mother and Nursing Infant: A Computational Perspective”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Presence of nitrides, argonides, arsenides, and iodides in the crystalline rocks

2017, Kathleen F. Edwards, Joel F. Liebman, No Nobel for Noble Gases - Some Guesses Why:

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of iodine and another element or radical.


alum

alum (countable and uncountable, plural alums)

From Middle English alum, alum, alym, alyme, from Anglo-Norman alum, alun, from Latin alūmen.

potash alum

double sulphate of potassium and aluminum

With weld and cochineal, which are colouring matters the most sensible to the action of sulphate of iron, the purified alums gave us colours more brilliant, fresh, and in a slight degree lighter; while those with our common alums were all duller, and evidently of a deeper hue.

1807, William Nicholson, editor, A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, volume XVIII, page 286:

For similar reasons, aluminium sulphate and alums are used in dyeing cloth.[…]Normally alums are soluble in water and insoluble in alcohols.

2000 June, Competition Science Vision, page 486:

In structure, the alums consist of simple ions, being not complexes, but double salts. Potash alum or potassium alum is the common alum, with the formula KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O) which, for convenience, may be written K₂SO₄·Al₂(SO₄)₃·24H₂O

2005, Amit Arora, Text Book Of Inorganic Chemistry, page 386:

(inorganic chemistry) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations.


lithic

(inorganic chemistry) Relating to lithium


niter

niter (countable and uncountable, plural niters)

From Middle English niter, nitere, nitre, nytre, from Old French nitre, from Latin nitrum (“native soda, natron”), from Ancient Greek νίτρον (nítron). Ultimately from Egyptian nṯrj (“natron”). Doublet of natron and trona. Compare also natrium, nitrogen.

(US, inorganic chemistry) A mineral form of potassium nitrate (saltpetre) used in making gunpowder.


ligand

Borrowed from Latin ligandus, gerundive of ligo (“bind”).

ربيطة

something that binds to another chemical entity

coordination chemistry
coordination chemistry

coordination complex
coordination complex

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A molecule or moiety (ion, functional group, or radical) that binds to another chemical entity to form a larger complex; as, especially:

(coordination chemistry) Such an entity that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

(biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, medicine) Such an entity that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.

Holonym: complex


plutonic

(inorganic chemistry) Containing plutonium in a higher oxidation state.


silicate

From silic(on) + -ate (“suffix used for salts of acids ending in -ic”).

affix

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of silica or of one of the silicic acids; any mineral composed of silicates


boracic

From Medieval Latin borax (genitive boracis), itself via Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq), from Persian بوره (bura).

(dated, inorganic chemistry) Synonym of boric.


vitriolic

en-adj

vitriolic (comparative more vitriolic, superlative most vitriolic)

more vitriolic (comparative)
most vitriolic (superlative)

/vɪtɹɪˈɒlɪk/

From vitriol + -ic; or from French vitriolique (cognate with Italian vetriolico, Portuguese vitriolico, Spanish vitriolico).

a vitriolic taste

No one, who uſes his Senses, can possibly doubt, but there is ſomewhat of a vitriolic Nature found in Mineral Waters: for not only the Taſte, but the Sight confirms it, by their turning inky with Galls, &c.

1731, Friderick Hoffman [i.e., Friedrich Hoffmann], “Sect. III. The Objections to Mineral Waters Considered: and Rules Laid Down for Rendering such Waters Safe, and Effectual, in the Cure of Diseases”, in Peter Shaw, editor, New Experiments and Observations upon Mineral Waters: Directing Their Farther Use for the Preservation of Health, and the Cure of Diseases, London: Printed for J. Osborn and T[homas] Longman, at the Ship in Pater-noster-Row, →OCLC, page 104:

Nature, far from being confined to the lapis pyrites, has abundant materials, and a great variety of them, in the bowels of the earth, wherewith to impregnate the waters called chalybeate and vitriolic; and thoſe of various degrees of acidity and ſtypticity, even from the mildeſt, where the acid is ſcarcely ſenſible, to the moſt ſharp and cauſtic of the vitriolic ores above enumerated.

1757, John Rutty, “Book IV. Of the Vitriolic and Chalybeate Waters. The Introduction.”, in A Methodical Synopsis of Mineral Waters, Comprehending the Most Celebrated Medicinal Waters, both Cold and Hot, of Great-Britain, Ireland, France, Germany, and Italy, and Several Other Parts of the World …, London: Printed for William Johnston, at the Golden Ball in St. Paul's Church-Yard, →OCLC, page 231:

[T]he name vitriol ought to be applied to all vitriolic ſalts with metallic baſes. Thus, for inſtance, the ſalt compoſed of vitriolic acid and gold may be called vitriol of gold; and the ſalt formed by the union of this acid with ſilver may be called vitriol of ſilver, or lunar vitriol. Perhaps all vitriolic ſalts might be conveniently comprehended under the general name vitriol.

1777, [Pierre-Joseph Macquer], [James Keir, transl.], “Vitriol”, in A Dictionary of Chemistry. Containing the Theory and Practice of that Science: Its Application to Natural Philosophy, Natural History, Medicine, and Animal Economy …, 2nd edition, volume III, London: Printed for T[homas] Cadell, and P[eter] Elmsley, in the Strand, →OCLC:

And be it further enacted, That all and every Maker and Makers of Oxygenated Muriatic Acid or Oxymuriate of Lime respectively ſhall, before he, ſhe or they ſhall begin to mix with Salt any Vitriolic Acid, Manganese or Water, give to the Officer of Exciſe under whoſe Survey he, ſhe or they ſhall then be, Six Hours' previous Notice in Writing, if his, her or their Premiſes in which ſuch Salt ſhall be intended to be mixed with Vitriolic Acid, Manganeſe, or Water, ſhall be ſituate within the Limits of the Chief Office of Exciſe in London, or within the Limits of the City of Edinburgh; […]

1815 May 25, “An Act for allowing Makers of Oxygenated Muriatic Acid to take Salt Duty-free for making ſuch Acid or Oxymuriate of Lime for bleaching Linen and Cotton; for repealing the Exciſe Duties on Glauber Salt, and on Bleaching Powder imported from Ireland; and to allow for a further Drawback on Foreign Brimſtone uſed in making Oil of Vitriol [55 George III, chapter 66]”, in The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 55 George III. 1815, London: Printed by His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers; and sold by J[ames] Butterworth and Son, law booksellers, in Fleet-Street, →OCLC, section XI, page 305:

(inorganic chemistry, dated) Of or pertaining to vitriol; derived from or resembling vitriol.


crocus

en-noun

crocus (plural crocuses or croci or crocus or crocusses)

crocuses (plural)
croci (plural)
crocus (plural)
crocusses (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin crocus, from Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus”), from an ancient Semitic language.

(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) A deep yellow powder, the oxide of some metal (especially iron), calcined to a red or deep yellow colour.


quaternary

Derived from Latin quaternārius (“containing or consisting of four”), from quaternī (“four each”, “four at a time”) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French quaternaire.

der+

(inorganic chemistry) Composed of four elements.


proto-

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πρωτο- (prōto-), combination form of πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”), superlative of πρό (pró, “before”).

Proto-

proper names of protolanguages and their associated people

protoxide, protosulfide, protiodide

(inorganic chemistry) A minimal proportion of a particular substance when in a combination. See protosalt.


azo-

(inorganic chemistry) Containing aluminum-doped zinc oxide.


carbonyl

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound of a metal with carbon monoxide, such as nickel carbonyl, Ni(CO)₄.

羰基

any compound of a metal with carbon monoxide


bivalent

en-adj

bivalent (comparative more bivalent, superlative most bivalent)

more bivalent (comparative)
most bivalent (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry) Having a valence of 2; having two ligands


amine

quaternary ammonium compound e.g.tetramethylammonium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A functional group formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms with hydrocarbon or other radicals.

amiini

inorganic chemistry: functional group formally derived from ammonia


hydrate

From French hydrate, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + -ate.


cyanide

en-noun

cyanide (countable and uncountable, plural cyanides)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, countable) Any compound containing the -C≡N group or the CN⁻ anion.

цыяні́д

chemistry: any compound containing the CN group

The birdies all try an' hide / But they still go for peanuts / When coated with cyanide

1959, Tom Lehrer (lyrics and music), “Poisoning Pigeons in the Park”:

Two doctors and a metallurgist from Scotland patented a process for dissolving gold with cyanide in 1887 and patented the recovery of gold from solution using finely divided zinc (zinc precipitation) the following year. […]
The first commercial processing plant to use cyanide in the milling circuit was constructed at the Crown mine at Karangahake, New Zealand in 1889.

1988 July, Michael A. Silva, “Cyanide Heap Leaching in California”, in California Geology, volume 41, number 7, page 147:

The vast majority of the victims, on Jones’s orders, had drunk a fruit punch mixture laced with cyanide, a deadly poison. Adults had fed the poisoned liquid to the children, including infants.

2000, Sean Dolan, Everything You Need to Know About Cults, New York: The Rosen Publishing Groups, Inc., →ISBN, page 15:

(inorganic chemistry) Sodium or potassium cyanide, used in the extraction of gold and silver or as a poison.

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) Hydrogen cyanide, or cyanide gas, a poisonous gas.


ozone

From German Ozon, coined 1840 by Christian Friedrich Schönbein, from Ancient Greek ὄζον (ózon), neuter participle of ὄζω (ózō, “I smell”), in reference to its pungent odour.
The “fresh air” sense is from an erroneous former belief that seaweed contains and releases ozone.

Lightning flashed again, the thunder came a second later. It rained harder. The smell of ozone was strong. You could feel the charge in the air.

2018, Nnedi Okorafor, Who Fears Death, HarperVoyager, page 334:

(inorganic chemistry) An allotrope of oxygen (symbol O₃) having three atoms in the molecule instead of the usual two; it is a toxic gas, generated from oxygen by electrical discharge.


cyanic acid

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable, highly volatile, poisonous acid, HOCN, used to prepare cyanates; hydrolyzes in water to give ammonia and carbon dioxide


cyanogen

cyanogen (countable and uncountable, plural cyanogens)

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From cyano- + -gen; compare French cyanogène. So called because it produced blue dyes.

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The radical -CN.


nitrous oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A non-flammable gas (N₂O) commonly used in surgery and dentistry for its anaesthetic and analgesic effects and in motorsport for bursts of added power.


titanic

From titan(ium) + -ic (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives from nouns), in the case of sense 1 (“of or relating to titanium”) modelled after French titanique.

suffix

(inorganic chemistry) Of or relating to titanium, especially tetravalent titanium.


carbon dioxide

/ˌkɑːbən dʌɪˈɒksʌɪd/

Coordinate term: carbon monoxide

There were dozens of presentations in 2008, including: […

2008 December 9, Jeff Jacoby, “Skepticism on climate change”, in The International Herald Tribune, →ISSN:

Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis: the ability to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and waste oxygen using solar energy.

2013 September–October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, archived from the original on 2013-09-03:

(inorganic chemistry) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.


yoduro

[ɟ͡ʝoˈð̞u.ɾo]

[ɟ͡ʝoˈð̞u.ɾo]


arsénico

pt-adj

arsénico (feminine arsénica, masculine plural arsénicos, feminine plural arsénicas)

arsénica (feminine)
arsénicos (masculine plural)
arsénicas (feminine plural)

(inorganic chemistry) arsenic (related to arsenic acid)


arsenic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H₃AsO₄, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


bromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A corrosive colourless liquid, HBrO₃; it is a powerful oxidizing agent, and is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and some dyes; it reacts with bases to form bromates.


aqua fortis

From Latin aqua fortis (literally “strong water”).

bor

(inorganic chemistry, archaic) Nitric acid.


nitric acid

Instantly a little vapour arose from it, as happens when one disturbs nitric acid, and this sight did not increase my hopes, already faint enough, of the efficacy of the treatment.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

(inorganic chemistry) A transparent, colorless to pale yellow, fuming corrosive liquid, HNO₃; a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels and in a wide variety of industrial processes; once called aqua fortis.


bromate

(inorganic chemistry) the anion BrO₃⁻¹, derived from bromic acid; any salt containing this anion


boric acid

(inorganic chemistry) H₃BO₃; B(OH)₃; a white crystalline solid, soluble in hot water to form a weak acid. Used as a mild antiseptic, flame retardant, insecticide, and in the manufacture of borax and other borate salts.

àcid bòric

White crystalline solid soluble as a weak acid

(inorganic chemistry) A hydrate of boric oxide, specifically any of the three acids orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, or pyroboric acid.


dichromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A relatively unstable form of chromic acid, H₂Cr₂O₇, known only in solution or as its salts, the dichromates, from which it may be prepared.


chromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A corrosive acid, H₂CrO₄, known only in solution or as its salts, the chromates (from which it may be prepared); it is a very powerful oxidizing agent.


ferric ammonium citrate

(inorganic chemistry) a mixed salt of citric acid with iron and ammonia, Fe(NH₄)₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂; used to treat anemia, and in the manufacture of blueprint paper


Glaser's salt

Named after Christopher Glaser, a 17th-century chemist.

(inorganic chemistry) potassium sulphate


sulphamic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the acid formally derived from sulphuric acid by replacing a hydroxyl (-OH) group by an amino (-NH₂) group - SO₂(OH)(NH₂)


chromate

(inorganic chemistry) any salt of chromic acid; in solution the yellow chromate anion (CrO₄²⁻) is in equilibrium with the orange dichromate anion (Cr₂O₇²⁻), the relative amount of each ion depending on the pH; they are both very powerful oxidizing agents


carbonic acid

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Had she lived now, she would have talked of the last delightful lecture on gas, or the charming new treatise on carbonic acid; she would have studied German, and delighted in the society of "talented people."

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 110–111:

[I]t sank down through the air and poured over the ground in a manner rather liquid than gaseous, abandoning the hills, and streaming into the valleys and ditches and water-courses even as I have heard the carbonic acid gas that pours from volcanic clefts is wont to do.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 144:

(inorganic chemistry) A weak unstable acid, H₂CO₃, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


hydrogen iodide

(inorganic chemistry) a colourless gas with molecular formula HI, having a suffocating smell; it forms hydriodic acid when dissolved in water


hydrobromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A solution of hydrogen bromide, HBr, in water; it is a strong acid, used in the production of bromine compounds.


hydrogen fluoride

(inorganic chemistry) a colorless fuming liquid or gas, with molecular formula HF. It dissolves in water to form hydrofluoric acid and has many industrial uses including the production of Teflon and the refining of uranium; it corrodes skin, flesh and bone, and any skin contact must be avoided


hydrogen bromide

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless gas having an irritating smell; it has the molecular formula HBr, and dissolves in water to form hydrobromic acid; it has many industrial applications including the production of barbiturates and synthetic hormones.


hyposulfurous acid

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₂, only known in solution, used as a reducing agent; its salts are hyposulfites).


thiosulfuric acid

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₃, formally derived from sulfuric acid by the substitution of a sulfur atom in the place of an oxygen one; it is known only in solution or as its salts and esters, the thiosulfates.


hydrogen cyanide

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless, very poisonous, volatile liquid, HCN, used in the production of dyes, plastics and fumigants; it dissolves in water to form hydrocyanic acid and reacts with bases to form cyanides, and with some organic compounds to form nitriles.


phosphoric acid

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless, odourless solid, H₃PO₄, often in solution as a syrupy liquid, used in the manufacture of fertilizers, detergents and pharmaceuticals and as an additive in cola drinks.


metaphosphoric acid

en-noun

metaphosphoric acid (plural metaphosphoric acids)

(inorganic chemistry) an anhydrous form of phosphoric acid that exists as a polymeric glassy solid, (HPO₃)ₙ; used as a drying agent and in dental cement


muriate

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) chloride


nitrous acid

(inorganic chemistry) A weak acid, HNO₂, known only in solution, or as its salts and esters, the nitrites; it has a linear structure, H-O-N=O


osmate

From osmic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of osmic acid.


muriatic acid

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) Hydrochloric acid.


pentoxide

(inorganic chemistry) any oxide containing five oxygen atoms in each molecule


periodic acid

/ˌpɜːɹaɪˈɒdɪk ˈæsɪd/

(inorganic chemistry) HIO₄ or H₅IO₆, the oxyacids of iodine in which iodine has the highest oxidation number; H₅IO₆ is a white crystalline substance (HIO₄ is not stable), and both are strong oxidizing agents.


pentavalent

fr-adj

pentavalent (feminine pentavalente, masculine plural pentavalents, feminine plural pentavalentes)

pentavalente (feminine)
pentavalents (masculine plural)
pentavalentes (feminine plural)


permanganate

(inorganic chemistry) any salt of permanganic acid: they are purple crystalline solids, mostly soluble in water, and are strong oxidizing agents

potassium permanganate
potassium permanganate

(inorganic chemistry) potassium permanganate


peroxide

en-noun

peroxide (countable and uncountable, plural peroxides)

(inorganic chemistry) A divalent radical or anion containing two oxygen atoms linked by a covalent bond; any substance containing this group yields hydrogen peroxide when treated with an acid.


trivalent

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(inorganic chemistry) Having a valence of three.


trivalent

fr-adj

trivalent (feminine trivalente, masculine plural trivalents, feminine plural trivalentes)

trivalente (feminine)
trivalents (masculine plural)
trivalentes (feminine plural)


fullerene

After Buckminster Fuller, inventor of the geodesic dome, + -ene.

(inorganic chemistry) Any of a class of allotropes of carbon having hollow molecules whose atoms lie at the vertices of a polyhedron having 12 pentagonal and 2 or more hexagonal faces.

fulleren

any of a class of allotropes of carbon having hollow molecules


cupreous

en-adj

cupreous (comparative more cupreous, superlative most cupreous)

more cupreous (comparative)
most cupreous (superlative)

From Latin cupreus, from cuprum (“copper”).

(inorganic chemistry) Containing copper.


corrosive sublimate

(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) mercuric chloride


selenic

selenic (comparative more selenic, superlative most selenic)

more selenic (comparative)
most selenic (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Of, pertaining to or containing selenium, especially in a higher oxidation state than the corresponding selenious compound.


selenite

en-noun

selenite (countable and uncountable, plural selenites)

From Ancient Greek σελήνη (selḗnē, “moon”) + -ite; the chemistry sense comes via the name of the element selenium.

(inorganic chemistry) The anion SeO₃²⁻ derived from selenous acid; any salt or ester of selenous acid.


ammonium

ammonium (usually uncountable, plural ammoniums)

From New Latin ammōnium. Equivalent to ammonia + -ium.

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent NH₄⁺ cation, derived by the protonation of ammonia


pyrophosphate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt or ester of pyrophosphoric acid.

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease


pyrophosphoric acid

(inorganic chemistry) The acid formed by removing a molecule of water from two molecules of phosphoric acid, H₄P₂O₇; this reaction slowly reverses in the presence of water.


Prussian blue

Prussian blue (countable and uncountable, plural Prussian blues)

The pigment was discovered circa 1700 in the German state of Prussia by a paint-maker named Diesbach.

(inorganic chemistry) An insoluble dark, bright blue pigment, ferric ferrocyanide (equivalent to ferrous ferricyanide), used in painting and dyeing, and as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning.


bisulphite

(inorganic chemistry, British) Alternative spelling of bisulfite


bisulfite

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The univalent group -HSO₃, or any salt containing it.

vetysulfiitti

univalent group -HSO3, or any salt containing it


sulfurous acid

(inorganic chemistry) The weak acid, H₂SO₃, present in a solution of sulfur dioxide in water; it is a reducing agent and mild bleach.


sulfite

From sulfur + -ite (“suffix used for salts of acids ending in -ous”).

suffix

(American spelling, inorganic chemistry) Any salt of sulfurous acid.


hydric acid

(inorganic chemistry) One of several systematic acid names for water, H₂O.


hydrogen peroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless liquid, H₂O₂, soluble in water, used as a mild antiseptic, bleaching agent (especially for bleaching hair), oxidizing agent and chemical reagent.

双氧水 (soeng¹ joeng⁵ seoi², literally “double oxygen water”)

双氧水 (shuāngyǎngshuǐ, literally “double oxygen water”)


tellurate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of tellurium; any salt of telluric acid


sulfate

From French sulfate, from New Latin sulphatum, taken from the expression acidum sulphatum (“sulfuric acid”), from sulphatus, from Latin sulphur (“sulfur”). The term was first used in 1787 by the French chemist L. B. G. De Morveau. Equivalent of sulfur + -ate.

Another type, also common in the Taipei area has more chlorides than sulfates, and while it is also hot, its flavor is more salty than sour. The springs at Chinshan on the north coast are typical of this type.

1982 February 21, “Wulai: Hot springs resort with treasury of culture”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXII, number 7, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2, column 2:

Iatrogenic poisoning can result from the use of magnesium in the treatment of hypertension or of toxemia of pregnancy; deaths have been reported from the use of magnesium sulfate enemas in megacolon and from oral administration for purging.

1983, Richard E. Behrman, Victor C. Vaughan, III, Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, W. B. Saunders, →ISBN, page 249:

The whole world's fighting over fresh water like a pack of starving dogs with one stripped bone among them, and then Brazil started shooting all those sulfates into the stratosphere and—well, it was turning out just like the environazis said, only way worse and way fucking faster.

2011, Peter Watts, Crysis: Legion, Del Rey, published 2011, →ISBN, page 7:

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of sulfuric acid.

сулфат

inorganic chemistry: any salt of sulfuric acid


vanadium pentoxide

en-noun

vanadium pentoxide (countable and uncountable, plural vanadium pentoxides)

(inorganic chemistry) An orange crystalline powder, V₂O₅, used as a catalyst in the production of sulphuric acid etc.


I

From the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

(inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 1


curate

(inorganic chemistry) An oxyanion of curium; any salt containing such an anion.


calcium carbonate

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO₃, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc; reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.


coordination number

coordination number (plural coordination numbers)

coordination compound
coordination compound

(inorganic chemistry) The number of ligands surrounding a central metal atom in a coordination compound


ferricyanide

(inorganic chemistry) Any of various salts containing the trivalent anion Fe(CN)₆³⁻; used in making blue pigments.

(inorganic chemistry) A complex ion in which a central ferric iron atom is surrounded by six cyanide ions.


ferrocyanide

(inorganic chemistry) The complex ion Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻; any salt containing this ion; they are used in making blue pigments


germane

germane (countable and uncountable, plural germanes)

germanium tetrahydride
germanium tetrahydride

(inorganic chemistry) germanium tetrahydride, GeH₄


lithium fluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A salt that may be prepared by the action of hydrofluoric acid on many lithium compounds, occurring naturally as griceite; its crystals are used in optical instruments, and in radiation dosimetry (based on its radiothermoluminescence).


Chevrel phase

(inorganic chemistry) A series of molybdenum chalcogenide compounds, of general formula MₓMo₆X₈ (where M = a metal and X = a chalcogen), that have superconducting properties.


chalcogenide

(inorganic chemistry) Any binary compound of a chalcogen with a more electropositive element.

chalcogenide

any binary compound of a chalcogen with a more electropositive element


chalcogen

From chalco- (“ore”) + -gen (“forming”).

(inorganic chemistry) Any element of group 16 of the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium or polonium.

chalkogeen

any element of group 16 of the periodic table


aqua regia

/ˈɑː.kwə ˈɹeɪ.ɡi.ə/

/ˌækwə ˈɹiː.ʒə/

ăʹkwə-rēʹjē-ə

Borrowed from Latin aqua regia (literally “royal water”), so named because it is one of the few solvents capable of dissolving noble metals.

bor+

Consider another example. If gold is placed in aqua regia then it dissolves. Aqua regia is a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids that dissolves gold or platinum. Observation of gold dissolving in aqua regia (argument 1 1) lends credence to the above conditional statement.
Not placing the gold into aqua regia and gold not dissolving (argument 0 0) does not disprove the truth-value of this conditional.

2005, D.J. Krus, Elements of Propositional Calculus:

(inorganic chemistry, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


sodium chloride

en-noun

sodium chloride (usually uncountable, plural sodium chlorides)

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(inorganic chemistry) Common table salt, a compound composed of equal number of sodium and chlorine atoms. Chemical formula NaCl.


diazene

diazene (countable and uncountable, plural diazenes)

(inorganic chemistry) The compound HN=NH


borax bead test

borax bead test (plural borax bead tests)

(inorganic chemistry) in qualitative inorganic analysis, a test for the presence of certain metallic elements by observing the colours given to a bead of borax in a loop of platinum wire held in the oxidizing and reducing parts of a Bunsen burner flame


H₂O₂

(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for hydrogen peroxide.


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for phosphoric acid.


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for ammonia.


aluminosilicate

(inorganic chemistry) Any of many silicate minerals, such as feldspar and zeolite, in which a proportion of the Si⁴⁺ ions are replaced by Al³⁺, the excess negative charge being balanced by extra sodium, potassium or calcium ions.

aluminossilicato

any silicate mineral in which some Si4+ ions are replaced by Al3+


borane

(inorganic chemistry) Any binary compound of boron and hydrogen.


borohydride

(inorganic chemistry) The anion and very strong reducing agent BH₄⁻.


metathesis

metathesis (countable and uncountable, plural metatheses)

→ Malay: metatesis

Borrowed from Late Latin metathesis, from Ancient Greek μετάθεσις (metáthesis), from μετά (metá, “among”) + θέσις (thésis, “placement”).

af

double decomposition
double decomposition

(inorganic chemistry) The double decomposition of inorganic salts.

metateesi

the double decomposition of inorganic salts


H₂

(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for diatomic hydrogen.


head

CO₂ c (singular definite CO₂'en, not used in plural form)


hydride

(inorganic chemistry) A compound of hydrogen with a more electropositive element.


ferrite

en-noun

ferrite (countable and uncountable, plural ferrites)

From New Latin, from Latin ferrum (“iron”) + -ite.

(inorganic chemistry) The anion FeO₂²⁻, and any of the salts (formally derived from the unknown ferrous acid) derived from it.


violet phosphorus

(inorganic chemistry) A form of phosphorus that can be produced by day-long annealing of red phosphorus above 550 °C.


phosphorus pentoxide

(inorganic chemistry) the compound, P₂O₅, formed by the spontaneous combustion of white phosphorus in air; it reacts violently with water to form phosphoric acid and is used as a powerful desiccating agent


ozon

ozon (nominative singular)
ozonu (genitive singular)
ozonowi (dative singular)
ozon (accusative singular)
ozonem (instrumental singular)
ozonie (locative singular)
ozonie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ozone, French ozone, German Ozon, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄζον (ózon).


貴金属

貴金属 (canonical)
kikinzoku (romanization)

From 貴 (ki, “precious”) + 金属 (kinzoku, “metal”).


ランタノイド

Internationalism; see English lanthanoid.

(inorganic chemistry) lanthanide; lanthanoid


希ガス

From 希 (ki, “rare”) + ガス (gasu, “gas”). Compare Chinese 稀有氣體／稀有气体 (xīyǒu qìtǐ), Vietnamese khí hiếm (literally “rare gas”).
希 is a daiyōji replacing 稀.


carbo-

carbide, carbohydrate

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Representing carbon, carbonic, carbonyl, carbonylic, carboxyl or carboxylic.


amon

amon (nominative singular)
amony (nominative plural)
amonu (genitive singular)
amonów (genitive plural)
amonowi (dative singular)
amonom (dative plural)
amon (accusative singular)
amony (accusative plural)
amonem (instrumental singular)
amonami (instrumental plural)
amonie (locative singular)
amonach (locative plural)
amonie (singular vocative)
amony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin ammonium, from Latin ammōniacum. First attested in the 19th centeury.

ref

amon in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego


aluminic acid

(inorganic chemistry) The amphoteric aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)₃; its salts are aluminates.


aluminium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) The hydrated form of alumina, having the formula Al(OH)₃; it reacts with bases to form aluminates.

alumiinihydroksidi

the compound aluminium hydroxide: Al(OH)3


cupro-

From Late Latin cuprum (“copper”) through its compound form in -o-.

(inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to copper.


perxenate

(inorganic chemistry) The anion XeO₆⁴⁻ formally derived from perxenic acid; any salt containing this anion.


telluride

en-noun

telluride (countable and uncountable, plural tellurides)

(countable, inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of a metal with tellurium; metal salts of tellurane


ferrate

(inorganic chemistry) The anion FeO₄²⁻ in which iron is in a +6 formal oxidation state.


dilithium

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(inorganic chemistry) The diatomic molecule Li₂ found in the gas phase.


hardness

hardness (countable and uncountable, plural hardnesses)

From Middle English hardness, hardnesse, from Old English heardnes, from heard + -nes. Equivalent to hard + -ness.

(inorganic chemistry) The quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in water, usually expressed in parts per million (ppm).


periodate

(inorganic chemistry) Either of two oxyanions of iodine; any salt containing these anions


Hittorf's phosphorus

Named after Johann Wilhelm Hittorf (1824-1914) who first produced it in 1865. (Reference: John Emsley, The Shocking History of Phosphorus, 2000, →ISBN, page 304.)

(inorganic chemistry) A purple crystalline allotrope of phosphorus.


chlorite

(inorganic chemistry) chlorite (salt of chlorous acid)


pentafluoride

(inorganic chemistry) Any fluoride containing five fluorine atoms in each molecule.

pentafluoridi

compound that contains five fluorine atoms


tetrabromide

(inorganic chemistry) Any bromide containing four bromine atoms in each molecule.

Tetrabromid

bromide containing four bromine atoms per molicule


disulfide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of sulfur and another element in the ratio 2:1 (formula XS₂).


azide

(inorganic chemistry) the N₃⁻ anion or any salt containing this anion (^-N=\overset{+}N=N^-)


antimonide

Colani (1907b) prepared uranium arsenide and antimonide by methods similar to the one he used for the preparation of phosphide.

1951, Joseph J. Katz, Eugene Rabinowitch, The Chemistry of Uranium: The Element, Its Binary and Related Compounds, New York, N.Y.: Dover Publications, Inc., page 241:

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound of antimony with more electropositive elements.

antimonid

any compound of antimony with more electropositive elements


borosilicate

(inorganic chemistry) Any of various minerals whose structure is formally that of a dual salt of boric and silicic acids.


thallic

en-adj

thallic (comparative more thallic, superlative most thallic)

more thallic (comparative)
most thallic (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Pertaining to or containing the element thallium, especially with valence 3.


thoric

(inorganic chemistry) relating to, or containing thorium


diborane

(inorganic chemistry) boron hydride, B₂H₆, a colourless explosive gas with a nasty smell; it has an unusual structure in which two of the hydrogen atoms form a bridge between the two boron atoms


sodium borohydride

en-noun

sodium borohydride (countable and uncountable, plural sodium borohydrides)

(inorganic chemistry) A hydrido complex, NaBH₄; it is a selective reducing agent used in many industrial applications.


inorganic compound

inorganic compound (plural inorganic compounds)

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound not containing carbon atoms.

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound containing carbon atoms ionically bound to other atoms.


cupr-

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of cupro- (before a vowel)


cuprous

(inorganic chemistry) Containing copper with an oxidation number of 1.


hydronium

The case of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) is an example of this. In the gase^([sic]) phase, hydronium is a weak acid. The data in Table 3.10 indicates that bare hydronium ions have a higher electron affinity than most metal surfaces, so a bare hydronium ion should be neutralized when it absorbs on a bare metal surface. However, a hydrated hydronium ion is a stronger acid.

1996, Richard I. Masel, Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces, Wiley, page 148:

Acids are compounds that produce hydronium ions when mixed with water.[…]The hydronium ion is a very special ion because it is the defining particle of all acids.

2006, Johanna Holm, Forgotten Chemistry: A Refresher Course, Barron's Educational Series, page 160:

Hydronium is not a way of stabilizing an acid, because the structure itself is so quickly transient that it can be considered as not existing.

2016, Philippe Deprez, Textbook of Chemical Peels: Superficial, Medium, and Deep Peels in Cosmetic Practice, 2nd edition, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 48:

There is experimental evidence for the formation of coordination groups of hydroniums with several water molecules by hydrogen bridges.

2016, Andrés G. Muñoz, Photoelectrochemical Solar Conversion Systems: Molecular and Electronic Aspects, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 206:

(inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry) The hydrated hydrogen ion, H₃O⁺.


hypobromite

(inorganic chemistry) any salt or ester of hypobromous acid


bismuthic

(inorganic chemistry) Of, or containing bismuth in its higher valence.


bismuthous

(inorganic chemistry) Of, or containing bismuth in its lower valence.


oxychloride

(inorganic chemistry) A ternary compound of oxygen and chlorine.


fluoric

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(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) hydrofluoric


inorganic polymer

inorganic polymer (plural inorganic polymers)

(inorganic chemistry) Any giant molecule linked by covalent bonds, but having no (or few) carbon atoms in the main molecular backbone.


boron phosphate

(inorganic chemistry) An inorganic polymer, of empirical formula BPO₄, used as a phosphor and a source of dietary boron.


boron trioxide

(inorganic chemistry) A white solid, of empirical formula B₂O₃, that is an inorganic polymer, and is used in making glass and enamel and for synthesizing other boron compounds.


boric oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A white solid, of empirical formula B₂O₃; it is an inorganic polymer used in making glass and enamel and for synthesizing other boron compounds.


chalcogenide glass

chalcogenide glass (countable and uncountable, plural chalcogenide glasses)

(inorganic chemistry) Any of several inorganic polymers of sulphur, selenium and tellurium, that are transparent to infrared radiation and are used in optics.


oxynitride

(inorganic chemistry) Any of several inorganic compounds of the general formula Mₓ(ON)_y, some of which are inorganic polymers


boron nitride

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and nitrogen, of empirical formula BN; exists in forms analogous to the allotropes of carbon, many of which are inorganic polymers.


sulfur nitride

(inorganic chemistry) a simple binary compound of sulfur and nitrogen, S₄N₄, having a ring structure; it is explosive

(inorganic chemistry) an inorganic polymer, [SN]ₙ, that has metallic properties


intermetallic compound

intermetallic compound (plural intermetallic compounds)

(inorganic chemistry) any solid material, composed of two or more metal atoms in a definite proportion, that has a definite structure which differs from those of its constituent metals


intermetallic

(inorganic chemistry) of, relating to, acting between, or comprising two or more metals


intermetallic

intermetallic compound
intermetallic compound

(inorganic chemistry) An intermetallic compound


lead oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A yellow oxide of lead, PbO, used in the manufacture of paints and glass.


diimide

(inorganic chemistry) The compound HN=NH


ammonia borane

(inorganic chemistry) An inorganic hydride of nitrogen and boron, NH₃BH₃, proposed as a source of hydrogen in motor vehicles.


-ane

From Latin -ānus, which forms adjectives from nouns with the sense of "belonging to" or "origin from". Doublet of English -an.

(inorganic chemistry) A simple binary compound of hydrogen and a nonmetal or metalloid.

-án

compounds of hydrogen and a nonmetal or metalloid


neosilicate

(inorganic chemistry) any simple silicate mineral in which the SiO₄ tetrahedra are isolated and have metal ions as neighbours


fuming sulphuric acid

fuming sulfuric acid
fuming sulfuric acid#English

(inorganic chemistry, British) Alternative spelling of fuming sulfuric acid


chloramine

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) any of a class of unstable compounds of nitrogen and chlorine R₁R₂NCl; also the parent compound NH₂Cl (monochloramine), used to manufacture hydrazine, and as the antiseptic chloramine-T


hydrazine

hydrazine (countable and uncountable, plural hydrazines)

From German Hydrazin, coined by Emile Fischer in 1875 as a derivative from Diazin, an obsolete name for diimide, of which hydrazine is a hydrogenated analog. By surface analysis, hydr- + azo (“nitrogen”) + -ine.

surf

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) A corrosive, fuming liquid, NH₂-NH₂, used as a rocket fuel.


sulphur dioxide

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British spelling) Alternative spelling of sulfur dioxide


sodium bisulphite

sodium bisulfite
sodium bisulfite#English

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British) Alternative spelling of sodium bisulfite


sodium bisulfite

(inorganic chemistry) The mono sodium salt of sulfurous acid, NaHSO₃, used as a food preservative and as a reagent in organic synthesis.


hydroxylammonium

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent NH₃OH⁺ cation, derived from hydroxylamine.


sulfur dioxide

(American spelling, inorganic chemistry) A toxic gas, of molecular formula SO₂ that is found in the emissions of volcanos and those of burning coal or petroleum; dissolves in water to form sulfurous acid and, in the presence of oxygen, sulfuric acid, and is thus responsible for acid rain.


hydroxylamine

en-noun

hydroxylamine (countable and uncountable, plural hydroxylamines)

(inorganic chemistry) An explosive inorganic derivative of ammonia, NH₂OH, used as a reducing agent, and in organic synthesis.


sodium nitrate

(inorganic chemistry) the sodium salt of nitric acid, NaNO₃; used as a food preservative, and as an oxidizing agent in explosives such as sodatol.


potassium nitrate

(inorganic chemistry) KNO₃, a naturally occurring salt, notably used as an ingredient of gunpowder; also used a food preservative and as an ingredient in toothpaste for sensitive gums; historically used in the production of nitric acid (HNO₃).


copper sulfate

(inorganic chemistry) the common name for copper(II) sulfate, CuSO₄, which forms blue crystals and is used in agriculture, dyeing, electroplating and many other applications; reducing agents reduce it to the red cuprous sulfate

سُلْفَات اَلنُّحَاس

the common name for cupric sulphate, CuSO4


iron vitriol

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) iron(II) sulfate


polychromate

(inorganic chemistry) A salt or ion composed of multiple chromate groups


aurochloride

aurochloride (countable and uncountable, plural aurochlorides)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) The complex anion, AuCl₄⁻, produced when gold is dissolved in aqua regia.

(inorganic chemistry, countable) Any salt containing this anion.


aurocyanide

aurocyanide (countable and uncountable, plural aurocyanides)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) The complex anion, Au(CN)₂⁻, produced when gold is dissolved as part of the cyanide process.


aurous

en-adj

aurous (comparative more aurous, superlative most aurous)

more aurous (comparative)
most aurous (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Containing univalent gold.


metal hydride

(inorganic chemistry) any compound in which hydrogen is bonded chemically to a metal or metalloid element


metal cluster compound

en-noun

metal cluster compound (plural metal cluster compounds)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry) any compound in which two or more metal atoms are bonded to one another


pyroantimonate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of pyroantimonic acid


antimonic acid

(inorganic chemistry) The antimony analog of phosphoric acid, H₃SbO₄


niobic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the hypothetical acid HNbO₃ derived from niobic oxide Nb₂O₅, only known as its salts, the niobates


antimonate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt or ester of antimonic acid; the anion SbO₄³⁻


niobate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt, XNbO₃, of the weak niobic acid.

niobičnan

any salt, XNbO3, of the weak niobic acid

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent anion NbO₃⁻.


pyrosulphate

(inorganic chemistry, British) Alternative spelling of pyrosulfate


pyrosulfate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of pyrosulfuric acid.


pyrosulphuric acid

pyrosulfuric acid
pyrosulfuric acid#English

(inorganic chemistry, British) Alternative spelling of pyrosulfuric acid


pyrosulfuric acid

(inorganic chemistry) The acid, H₂S₂O₇, formed by the reaction of sulfur trioxide with sulfuric acid; used in the manufacture of explosives etc.


fuming sulfuric acid

(inorganic chemistry) Any solution of sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid; it contains pyrosulfuric acid, and is used in the manufacture of nitroglycerine etc.


sulphur trioxide

(inorganic chemistry, British) Alternative spelling of sulfur trioxide


sulfur trioxide

(inorganic chemistry) A corrosive liquid, SO₃, which forms sulfuric acid on contact with water; made commercially by the oxidation of sulfur dioxide.


oleum

oleum (countable and uncountable, plural oleums)

From German Oleum, from Latin oleum (“olive oil”), from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive oil”). Doublet of oil.

der

(inorganic chemistry) A solution of sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.


arseniuretted hydrogen

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) The compound arsine.


hydrogen oxide

(inorganic chemistry) The simple systematic name for water, H₂O.


hydrogen arsenide

(inorganic chemistry) The compound arsine, H₃As or AsH₃.


dihydrogen

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(inorganic chemistry) The hydrogen molecule H₂.


hydrogen sulfate

(inorganic chemistry) The anion HSO₄⁻ or any salt containing this anion


stibine

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(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) antimony hydride, SbH₃; a poisonous gas, sometimes used as a fumigant; any organic derivative of this compound.


antimoniuretted hydrogen

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) stibine.


chlorous acid

(inorganic chemistry) an unstable acid, HClO₂, known only in solution or as its salts, the chlorites; it is a strong oxidizing agent


hydrogen carbonate

en-noun

hydrogen carbonate (countable and uncountable, plural hydrogen carbonates)

(inorganic chemistry, countable) Synonym of bicarbonate

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) carbonic acid


hydrogen sodium arsenate

sodium hydrogen arsenate
sodium hydrogen arsenate

(inorganic chemistry) The compound sodium hydrogen arsenate.


hydrogen sulphide

hydrogen sulfide
hydrogen sulfide#English

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British) Alternative spelling of hydrogen sulfide


hydrogen chloride

(inorganic chemistry) An inorganic compound with the formula HCl, which forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water.


dihydrogen monoxide

The Invisible Killer Dihydrogen monoxide is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and kills uncounted thousands of people every year. Most of these deaths are caused by accidental inhalation of DHMO, but the dangers of dihydrogen monoxide do not end there.

1995, John December, quoting Craig Jackson, The World Wide Web Unleashed, 2nd edition, Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams.net, →ISBN, page 450:

There was no point in buying bottled water, he said, dihydrogen monoxide would be in there too, although you could get rid of it by boiling your water for long enough.

1997, Chemistry and Industry, London: Society of Chemical Industry, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 741, column 2:

One-by-one the warning fliers turned up in mailboxes around Wylie Heights in North Sewickley, Beaver County: It advised, there is a chemical in your water supply called dihydrogen monoxide. Tasteless and colorless, dihydrogen monoxide was blamed for a trio of ills: severe hydration, frequent urination and possible death. In fact, the flier said, dihydrogen monoxide kills thousands every year. […] Dihydrogen monoxide is the chemical name for water, and a quartet of Riverside High School students are up to their necks in the hot kind after their Internet-inspired prank made dozens of homeowners not readily acquainted with chemical terms hyper over hydro.

1997 April 19, Dennis B[rian Patrick] Roddy, “Internet-inspired prank lands 4 teens in hot water”, in Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, volume 70, number 262, Pittsburgh, Pa.: Block Communications, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Many people have joined the cause to ban this substance without realizing that dihydrogen monoxide is simply water (H₂O). Their eagerness to protect the environment or their fear of seeming uninformed may be part of the problem.

2007, Michael Sullivan, III, Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data, 2nd edition, Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall, →ISBN, page 39, column 2:

(inorganic chemistry, usually humorous) H₂O, water.


protoxide

(inorganic chemistry) Any of a series of oxides of a particular metal that has the fewest atoms of oxygen per molecule


hydrogen sulfide

(inorganic chemistry) A toxic gas, H₂S, smelling like rotten eggs and used in analytical chemistry and industry.


plumbane

(inorganic chemistry) lead hydride, PbH₄


azane

azane (countable and uncountable, plural azanes)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) ammonia, NH₃.

(inorganic chemistry) Any saturated hydride of nitrogen having a general formula NₙHₙ₊₂ such as hydrazine.


gallane

gallane (countable and uncountable, plural gallanes)

(inorganic chemistry) gallium hydride (Ga₂H₆ or other similar compounds)


arsane

arsane (countable and uncountable, plural arsanes)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) The compound arsine, AsH₃

(inorganic chemistry, countable) Any saturated hydride of tervalent arsenic, of general formula AsₙHₙ₊₂, having an unbranched chain of arsenic atoms - diarsane, triarsane etc.


sulfane

sulfane (countable and uncountable, plural sulfanes)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) hydrogen sulfide (IUPAC name)

(inorganic chemistry, countable) polysulfide


oxidane

From oxide + -ane (“binary hydrogen compound”).

suf

(inorganic chemistry) An IUPAC-compliant name for water, H₂O.


selane

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) hydrogen selenide, H₂Se; organic selenide R-Se-R'


alumane

(inorganic chemistry) The compound aluminium hydride, AlH₃


bromane

(inorganic chemistry) The compound bromine hydride or hydrogen bromide, HBr.


astatane

(inorganic chemistry) astatine hydride or hydrogen astatide, HAt.


chlorane

(inorganic chemistry) The hydride of chlorine, hydrogen chloride, HCl


bismuthane

(inorganic chemistry) bismuth hydride, BiH₃


alane

Aluminium hydride
aluminium hydride#English

(inorganic chemistry) Aluminium hydride, AlH₃.


indigane

From German Indig(o) (“indigo”) + -ane by unwinding the etymology of indium in order to avoid a conflict with the hydrocarbon already called "indane".

(inorganic chemistry) indium hydride, InH₃


LAH

lithium aluminium hydride
lithium aluminium hydride#English

(inorganic chemistry) Initialism of lithium aluminium hydride.


aluminum hydride

aluminium hydride
aluminium hydride#English

(US, inorganic chemistry) Alternative spelling of aluminium hydride


lithium aluminohydride

lithium aluminium hydride
lithium aluminium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) The compound lithium aluminium hydride.


aluminohydride

en-noun

aluminohydride (countable and uncountable, plural aluminohydrides)

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent anion, AlH₄⁻, present in such compounds as lithium aluminium hydride.


aluminium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) AlH, formed when aluminium is heated at 1500°C in an atmosphere of hydrogen.

(inorganic chemistry) (AlH₃)ₙ, can be prepared in ether solution by the reaction of aluminium chloride and lithium hydride; it is used to manufacture lithium aluminium hydride.


aluminium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) AlCl, only exists in the gas phase when AlCl₃ is heated with aluminium.

Friedel-Crafts reaction
Friedel-Crafts reaction

(inorganic chemistry) AlCl₃, the aluminium salt of hydrochloric acid; forms the covalent dimer Al₂Cl₆ when melted; it has very many industrial applications, including that of a catalyst in Friedel-Crafts reactions.


semimetal

(inorganic chemistry) A solid of which the conduction and valence band overlap slightly in energy.


lithium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) LiH, a gray solid that reacts violently with water, and can ignite spontaneously in air; it has a number of industrial applications, and is used in the manufacture of lithium aluminium hydride.


antimonous

en-adj

antimonous (comparative more antimonous, superlative most antimonous)

more antimonous (comparative)
most antimonous (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of antimonious


lithium aluminium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) LiAlH₄, a powerful reducing agent with many applications in organic chemistry; contains the aluminohydride anion AlH₄⁻.

hidreto de alumínio e lítio / lítio e alumínio


antimonious

(inorganic chemistry) Containing trivalent antimony.


arsenic trihydride

(inorganic chemistry) The compound arsine.


antimonic

(inorganic chemistry) Containing pentavalent antimony.


arsinic

(inorganic chemistry) Of, related to, or derived from an arsinic acid.

arsínico

of, related to, or derived from an arsinic acid


trihydride

(inorganic chemistry) Any hydride containing three atoms of hydrogen per molecule


arsinic acid

en-noun

arsinic acid (countable and uncountable, plural arsinic acids)

(inorganic chemistry) The acid H₂As(=O)OH.


gallic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the supposed acid H₃GaO₃, the acid form of the amphoteric gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)₃, known only as alkali metal salts


gallate

From gall(ium) + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxoanion of gallium.


aminoxide

(organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry) the anion H₂NO⁻, and its derivatives R₂NO⁻, formed from hydroxylamines by loss of a proton

aminóxido

anion formed from hydroxylamines by loss of a proton


diarsane

(inorganic chemistry) The arsenic hydride As₂H₄, having a chain of two arsenic atoms


xenon difluoride

(inorganic chemistry) a crystalline substance, XeF₂, used as a fluorinating agent and oxidizing agent in various surface modification processes, and as an etching agent in semiconductor production


arsanylium ion

(inorganic chemistry) the cation H₂As⁺ derived from arsine


arsine oxide

arsine oxide (countable and uncountable, plural arsine oxides)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The derivative of arsine H₃As=O, or its organic derivatives.


arsinous acid

(inorganic chemistry) The acid H₂AsOH derived from arsine.


arsonium compound

arsonium compound (plural arsonium compounds)

quaternary ammonium compound
quaternary ammonium compound

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Any compound containing a cation of general formula R₄As⁺; the arsenic analog of quaternary ammonium compounds.


arsonic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the acid HAs(=O)(OH)₂ derived from arsine


arsonous acid

(inorganic chemistry) the acid HAs(OH)₂ derived from arsine


arsorane

(inorganic chemistry) the arsenic hydride AsH₅, λ⁵-arsane

(inorganic chemistry) arsenic pentafluoride, AsF₅


bismuthonium

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent BiH₄⁺ cation, derived from bismuthane.


cerous

(inorganic chemistry) Containing cerium with valence three


ceric

(inorganic chemistry) Containing cerium with valence four.


iodonium

iodonium (countable and uncountable, plural iodoniums)

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent H₂I⁺ cation, derived from iodane


arsonium

(inorganic chemistry) The univalent AsH₄⁺ cation, derived from arsine.


sulfonium

sulfonium (countable and uncountable, plural sulfoniums)

(inorganic chemistry) the univalent H₃S⁺ cation, derived from sulfane


oxonium

(inorganic chemistry) Any univalent oxygen cation derived from water, the simplest of which is the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺).


chloronium ion

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) any halonium ion in which the halogen is chlorine


boronic acid

boronic acid (countable and uncountable, plural boronic acids)

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound of general formula RB(OH)₂.


cyclosilazane

(inorganic chemistry) any compound consisting of a ring of alternating silicon and nitrogen atoms, especially -[SiH₂NH]ₙ- or its derivatives


cyclosiloxane

(inorganic chemistry) any compound having a ring of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms, especially -[SiH₂-O]ₙ- or its derivatives


diazoamino

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) the functional group -N=N-N<


deuteride

From deutero- + -ide. From deuterium, from Ancient Greek δεύτερος (deúteros, “second”).

der

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Any hydride in which normal hydrogen is replaced by deuterium.


hydrazo

(inorganic chemistry) The divalent radical and functional group -NHNH- derived from hydrazine, and N-substituted derivatives.


graphene

Graphene is the strongest, thinnest material known to exist. A form of carbon, it can conduct electricity and heat better than anything else. And get ready for this: It is not only the hardest material in the world but also one of the most pliable. Only a single atom thick, it has been called the wonder material. Graphene could change the electronics industry, ushering in flexible devices, supercharged quantum computers, electronic clothing and computers that can interface with the cells in your body.

2014 April 13, Nick Bilton, “Bend it, charge it, dunk it: Graphene, the material of tomorrow”, in The New York Times:

Graphene, which consists of monolayers of carbon atoms bonded in a repeating hexagonal pattern, is the thinnest known material. It was isolated in 2004 at the University of Manchester by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, who went on to win a Nobel prize for their discovery.

2022 May 18, “The wonder material graphene may have found its killer app”, in The Economist, →ISSN:

(inorganic chemistry) An arbitrarily large-scale, one-atom-thick layer of graphite, an allotrope of carbon, that has remarkable electric characteristics.

قرافين

large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite


phosphonitrile

(inorganic chemistry) any of many polymeric compounds of general formula (X₂PN)ₙ where X is an electronegative group such as halogen or alkoxy


DH

(inorganic chemistry) deuterium-protium, a type of hydrogen (H₂) molecule. Known as hydrogen deuteride.


selenocyanate

(inorganic chemistry) The radical -SeCN or the anion formed from it

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt or ester of selenocyanic acid


silanol

(inorganic chemistry) the silicon analogue of methanol SiH₃OH


diphosphoric acid

(inorganic chemistry) pyrophosphoric acid


platinous

(inorganic chemistry) Containing divalent platinum


stannylidene

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The tin analog of a carbene R₂Sn:


platinic

en-adj

platinic (comparative more platinic, superlative most platinic)

more platinic (comparative)
most platinic (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Containing tetravalent platinum.


liquid ammonia

(inorganic chemistry) Pure ammonia cooled or condensed to the liquid state.

(informal, inorganic chemistry) An aqueous solution of ammonia.


auride

(inorganic chemistry) Any anion of gold; any salt containing such an anion.


880 ammonia

(inorganic chemistry) A saturated solution of ammonia in water; ammonium hydroxide 28% (w/w as ammonia).


ammonium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) The ionic base, NH₄⁺OH⁻, obtained by dissolving ammonia in water.


aurate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of auric acid.


sulfamic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the compound H₂NS(=O)₂OH


sulfinic acid

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The compound HS(=O)OH, and any of its S-hydrocarbyl derivatives


aluminothermy

(inorganic chemistry) the production of a metal from its oxide by heating it with aluminium


trioxidane

(inorganic chemistry) dihydrogen trioxide H-OOO-H


blue vitriol

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) copper sulfate


acido cloridrico

it-noun

acido cloridrico m (plural acidi cloridrici)


borico

it-adj

borico (feminine borica, masculine plural borici, feminine plural boriche)

borica (feminine)
borici (masculine plural)
boriche (feminine plural)


calcium carbide

(inorganic chemistry) A black, solid, of formula CaC₂, manufactured from lime and carbon at high temperatures; reacts with water to form acetylene.


carburo di tungsteno

it-noun

carburo di tungsteno m (plural carburi di tungsteno)


lithium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of hydrochloric acid, LiCl, used in the electrolytic production of lithium metal, and as a flux


lithium niobate

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of niobic acid, LiNbO₃, whose transparent crystals are used lasers and other optical devices


lithium deuteride

thermonuclear weapon
thermonuclear weapon

(inorganic chemistry) a form of lithium hydride in which the normal hydrogen is replaced with deuterium; used in thermonuclear weapons


lithia

en-noun

lithia (usually uncountable, plural lithias)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “a stone”), apparently because it is found only in minerals; discovered 1817 by Johan August Arfwedson.

1839, Lithium, entry in The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 14, page 43,
These substances contain from about five to nearly ten per cent. of lithia in combination with silica, from which it is best separated by the following process of Berzelius: […] .

This can be an acute problem with certain glass-ceramics because of the use of large quantities of lithia, in particular, which readily attack the refractories.

1990, A. Paul, Chemistry of Glasses, page 42:

The major source of lithia is lepidolite, the most widespread of the lithia-containing minerals with deposits in the United States, Canada, Rhodesia, South Africa, India, China, Russia, Japan and Germany.

1996, Peter A. Ciullo, Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary, page 462:

(inorganic chemistry) Lithium oxide, Li₂O, used in the manufacture of ceramics and glass.


lithium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) An alkali, LiOH, used in gas-purification systems in spacecraft, submarines etc, and in the preparation of lithium soap.


lithium nitrate

(inorganic chemistry) The lithium salt of nitric acid, LiNO₃, used in fireworks and flares.


lithium bromide

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of hydrobromic acid, LiBr, sometimes used as a desiccant


lithium nitride

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of lithium and nitrogen, Li₃N.


tungsten carbide

(inorganic chemistry) a very hard, grey compound, chemical formula WC, used as an abrasive.

Wolframcarbid

Very hard grey compound used as an abrasive


boron arsenide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and arsenic, BAs, used as a semiconductor, sometimes alloyed with gallium arsenide.


beryllide

(inorganic chemistry) Any intermetallic compound of beryllium with another metal; present in some alloys.

berillid

any intermetallic compound of beryllium with another metal


boron tribromide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and bromine, BBr₃; it is a strong Lewis acid.


boron triiodide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and iodine, BI₃; it is a crystalline solid.


boron carbide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and carbon, B₄C, that is a very hard ceramic, and is used in tank armour, bulletproof vests etc.


beryllia

beryllia (countable and uncountable, plural beryllias)


boron trichloride

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and chlorine, BCl₃; it is used in metal refining.


boron trifluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of boron and fluorine, BF₃; it is a strong Lewis acid.


beryllium oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A white, crystalline compound, BeO, used in semiconductors and in specialist ceramic applications.


boron oxide

(inorganic chemistry) The compound boron trioxide.


gallium arsenide

light-emitting diode
light-emitting diode

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of gallium and arsenic, GaAs, used as a semiconductor, especially in light-emitting diodes.


boride

(inorganic chemistry) any binary compound of boron and a more electropositive element


ossidoriduzione

it-noun

ossidoriduzione f (plural ossidoriduzioni)

(inorganic chemistry) oxidoreduction, redox reaction


acqua ossigenata

acqua ossigenata f (plural acque ossigenate)


carbon anhydride

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) carbon dioxide


carbon disulphide

carbon disulfide
carbon disulfide#English

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative spelling of carbon disulfide


carbon disulfide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of carbon and sulfur, CS₂, a colourless liquid with a not-unpleasant smell; used as a specialist solvent, and in the manufacture of organosulfur compounds.


peroxynitrite

(inorganic chemistry) The unstable oxyanion O=N-O-O⁻, a structural isomer of the nitrate anion; it exhibits cis-trans isomerism


fluoridrico

it-adj

fluoridrico (feminine fluoridrica, masculine plural fluoridrici, feminine plural fluoridriche)

fluoridrica (feminine)
fluoridrici (masculine plural)
fluoridriche (feminine plural)


carbonometer

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry) An early device for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in a gas, by bubbling it through limewater and measuring the cloudiness.


limewater

en-noun

limewater (countable and uncountable, plural limewaters)

(inorganic chemistry) a solution of calcium hydroxide in water, used as a simple test for carbon dioxide, and in skin preparations.


phosgene

phosgene (usually uncountable, plural phosgenes)

From Ancient Greek φῶς (phôs, “light”) + -gene, due to its first synthesis involving sunlight.

“‘Poison gas’?” A new one on Lew. But Dr. De Bottle had taken on a somber look. “Phosgene.”

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 265:


carbonyl chloride

More of a French term. Phosgène. We prefer to call it carbonyl chloride. Less. . .disquieting, somehow.

(inorganic chemistry) A toxic gas, COCl₂, used in the manufacture of plastics, pesticides etc, and once used as a chemical weapon.


carbon oxychloride

carbonyl chloride
carbonyl chloride#English

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of carbonyl chloride


carbon suboxide

(inorganic chemistry) The gas C₃O₂, having a heterocumulene structure O=C=C=C=O


nitrato di sodio

it-noun

nitrato di sodio m (plural nitrati di sodio)


bicarbonato di sodio

bicarbonato di sodio m (plural bicarbonati di sodio)

(inorganic chemistry) sodium bicarbonate


bisolfito di sodio

bisolfito di sodio m (plural bisolfiti di sodio)


cianuro di sodio

cianuro di sodio m (plural cianuri di sodio)


idrossido di sodio

idrossido di sodio m (plural idrossidi di sodio)


fluoruro di sodio

fluoruro di sodio m (plural fluoruri di sodio)


ioduro di sodio

ioduro di sodio m (plural ioduri di sodio)


molibdato di sodio

molibdato di sodio m (plural molibdati di sodio)


bromuro

(inorganic chemistry) bromide (binary compound of bromine and another element)


metafosfato di sodio

metafosfato di sodio m (plural metafosfati di sodio)

sodium metaphosphate
sodium metaphosphate

(inorganic chemistry) sodium metaphosphate


nitruro di sodio

nitruro di sodio m (plural nitruri di sodio)


selenito

(inorganic chemistry) selenite (salt of selenous acid)


tiosolfato di sodio

(inorganic chemistry) sodium thiosulfate


nitrogen pentoxide

dinitrogen pentoxide
dinitrogen pentoxide

(inorganic chemistry) dinitrogen pentoxide


dinitrogen pentoxide

(inorganic chemistry) The unstable binary compound N₂O₅; a strong oxidizing agent.


triossido di diazoto

(inorganic chemistry) dinitrogen trioxide


diossido di azoto

diossido di azoto m (plural diossidi di azoto)


dinitrogen tetroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of nitrogen and oxygen, N₂O₄, that exists in equilibrium with nitrogen dioxide NO₂; it is a powerful oxidizing agent and is used in rocket propellants.

dinitrogentetroxid

binary compound nitrogen and oxygen, N2O4


tetrossido di diazoto

dinitrogen tetroxide
dinitrogen tetroxide

(inorganic chemistry) dinitrogen tetroxide


ossido di azoto

ossido di azoto m (plural ossidi di azoto)


dinitrogen trioxide

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound of nitrogen and oxygen N₂O₃, a pale blue liquid that reacts with water to form nitrous acid.

三氧化二氮

binary compound of nitrogen and oxygen; N2O3


nitrogen dioxide

Black carbon is the sooty material ejected from diesel engines in their exhaust gases. RSSB notes that it can cause lung diseases. Nitrogen dioxide is also a product of burning diesel and can effect people's lungs.

2021 October 6, Philip Haigh, “Pollutants and air quality on our trains”, in RAIL, number 941, page 32:

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound NO₂, a brownish gas that is a poisonous air pollutant; it exists in equilibrium with dinitrogen tetroxide.


dioxygen hexafluoroplatinate

(inorganic chemistry) A compound, (O₂)⁺(PtF₆)⁻, important historically as a precursor of the first noble gas compound.


dioxygen difluoride

(inorganic chemistry) The explosive binary compound of oxygen and fluorine O₂F₂


arseniuro di gallio

arseniuro di gallio m (plural arseniuri di gallio)


dioxygen

(inorganic chemistry) the normal allotrope of oxygen having two atoms per molecule; O₂

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) two atoms of oxygen in a molecule


bromuro di magnesio

bromuro di magnesio m (plural bromuri di magnesio)


carbonato di magnesio

carbonato di magnesio m (plural carbonati di magnesio)

(inorganic chemistry) magnesium carbonate


ioduro di magnesio

ioduro di magnesio m (plural ioduri di magnesio)


cloruro di magnesio

cloruro di magnesio m (plural cloruri di magnesio)

(inorganic chemistry) magnesium chloride


ossido di magnesio

ossido di magnesio m (plural ossidi di magnesio)


nitrato di magnesio

nitrato di magnesio m (plural nitrati di magnesio)


solfato di magnesio

solfato di magnesio m (plural solfati di magnesio)


ozono

From French and English ozone, German Ozon, etc.


ozono

Borrowed from Esperanto ozono, English ozone, French ozone, German Ozon, Italian ozono, Russian озо́н (ozón), Spanish ozono, from Ancient Greek.


ozono

Borrowed from French ozone, from German Ozon, from Ancient Greek ὄζω (ózō).


ozono

pt-noun

ozono m (usually uncountable, plural ozonos)


ozono

Borrowed from German Ozon, coined 1840 by Christian Friedrich Schönbein, from Ancient Greek ὄζον (ózon), neuter participle of ὄζω (ózō, “to smell”), in reference to its pungent odor.


fluoruro di magnesio

it-noun

fluoruro di magnesio m (plural fluoruri di magnesio)

(inorganic chemistry) magnesium fluoride


idrossido di magnesio

idrossido di magnesio m (plural idrossidi di magnesio)

(inorganic chemistry) magnesium hydroxide


octoxide

(inorganic chemistry) any oxide having eight oxygen atoms in each molecule or unit cell


arsina

(inorganic chemistry) arsine (a poisonous gas)


esafluoruro di uranio

uranium hexafluoride
uranium hexafluoride

(inorganic chemistry) uranium hexafluoride


triossido di alluminio

(inorganic chemistry) aluminium oxide, alumina


cloruro di alluminio

cloruro di alluminio m (plural cloruri di alluminio)

(inorganic chemistry) aluminium chloride


idrossido di alluminio

idrossido di alluminio m (plural idrossidi di alluminio)

(inorganic chemistry) aluminium hydroxide


sodium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A strong, caustic alkali (NaOH) used in the manufacture of soap, detergents, paper, textiles and having many other industrial applications.


fosfina

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) phosphine


acido solforico

acido solforico m (plural acidi solforici)


aluminum chloride

aluminium chloride
aluminium chloride#English

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative spelling of aluminium chloride


aluminum hydroxide

en-noun

aluminum hydroxide (plural aluminum hydroxides)

aluminium hydroxide
aluminium hydroxide#English

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative spelling of aluminium hydroxide


orthosilicate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt or ester of orthosilicic acid, (M⁺)₄SiO₄⁴⁻ or Si(OR)₄.


silicon iron

silicon iron (countable and uncountable, plural silicon irons)


silicon germanide

silicon germanide (plural silicon germanides)

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound, SiGe of silicon and germanium; sometimes considered to be a simple alloy silicon germanium.


silicon germanium

(inorganic chemistry) An alloy of silicon and germanium used as a semiconductor.


silicon tetrachloride

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound of silicon and chlorine SiCl₄.


silicon tetrafluoride

(inorganic chemistry) The binary compound of silicon and fluorine SiF₄, a colourless, poisonous gas with a pungent odour, used in the production of silicon semiconductors.


silicon oxide

(inorganic chemistry) silicon dioxide (SiO₂), silica.

(inorganic chemistry) silicon monoxide (SiO).


Bolognian phosphorus

1839 John White Webster - A Manual of Chemistry: Containing the Principal Facts of the Science, in the Order in which They...
and the Bolognian phosphorus, discovered by Vincenzo Cascariolo, a shoemaker of Bologna, is made by reducing compact sulphate of baryta to a fine powder, which is formed into cakes with mucilage, and these are heated to redness.

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) A poorly-characterized phosphorescent substance obtained by heating barium sulfate.


Bononian phosphorus

1835 John M. Moffatt - The Book of Science,: Second Series, Comprising Treatises on Chemistry, Metallurgy, Mineralogy,...
The radiated or stellated variety of this sulphate includes the Bologna stone of Monte Paterno, used in the preparation of the Bononian phosphorus

Bolognian phosphorus
Bolognian phosphorus

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) Bolognian phosphorus


Baldwin's phosphorus

Baldwin's phosphorus is prepared by melting nitrate of lime in a crucible or ladle for about ten minutes; it is then poured into an iron pot, or mould, previously heated, and has the property, like Canton's phosphorus, of absorbing light when exposed to the sun, and emitting it when taken into a darkened room.

1861, John Henry Pepper, The Playbook of Metals: Including Personal Narratives of Visits to Coal, Lead, Copper, and Tin:

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) A poorly-characterized phosphorescent substance obtained by heating calcium nitrate.


Canton's phosphorus

Named after John Canton, British physicist.

Canton's phosphorus is made by calcining oyster-shells in the open fire for half an hour; after which, the whitest and largest pieces are selected, mixed with about one-third their weight of flowers of sulphur, pressed into a crucible with a closely-luted cover, and heated red hot for an hour.

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) A poorly-characterized phosphorescent substance obtained by calcining oyster-shells and sulfur.


Homberg's phosphorus

Named after its discoverer, the German chemist Wilhelm Homberg.

and Homberg found, that if it (muriate of lime) was urged by a violent heat till it condensed, on cooling, into a vitreous mass, it emitted a phosphoric light upon being struck by any hard body, in which state it was called Homberg's phosphorus

1829, Thomas Curtis, The London encyclopaedia, or, Universal dictionary of science, art, literature, and practical:

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) A poorly-characterized phosphorescent substance obtained by heating calcium chloride.


ammonium carbonate

(inorganic chemistry) The ammonium salt of carbonic acid, (NH₄)₂CO₃; a white powder, smelling of ammonia, used in the preparation of smelling salts and baking powder.


chlorine dioxide

(inorganic chemistry) a reddish-yellow explosive gas, ClO₂, used as a water disinfectant and to bleach flour and wood pulp


potassico

it-adj

potassico (feminine potassica, masculine plural potassici, feminine plural potassiche)

potassica (feminine)
potassici (masculine plural)
potassiche (feminine plural)

(inorganic chemistry) of or relating to potassium


ammonium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) A water-soluble salt of ammonia and hydrochloric acid, having the formula NH₄Cl.


chyazic acid

From its constituents carbon, hydrogen and azote (“nitrogen”), + -ic, acid.

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) hydrogen cyanide


dithionous acid

(inorganic chemistry) the unstable acid H₂S₂O₄, known only as its derivatives, the dithionites


sulphite of soda

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British) Alternative spelling of sulfite of soda


disulfur

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) Two atoms of sulfur in a compound.


acid of air

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) carbon dioxide, carbonic acid


acid of salt

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) hydrochloric acid


butter of arsenic

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) The compound arsenic trichloride.


butter of antimony

antimony trichloride
antimony trichloride

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) antimony trichloride


butter of tin

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) tin tetrachloride pentahydrate


butter of zinc

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) zinc chloride


sulfur monoxide

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable binary compound, SO, of sulfur and oxygen.


thiophosphate

(inorganic chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a phosphate by replacing one or more oxygen atoms with sulfur


chlorine monofluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A gaseous binary compound, CF, of chlorine and fluorine.


chlorine oxide

(inorganic chemistry) Any binary compound of chlorine and oxygen.


chlorine trifluoride

Chlorine trifluoride, ClF₃, or "CTF" as the engineers insist on calling it, is a colorless gas, a greenish liquid, or a white solid. It boils at 12° (so that a trivial pressure will keep it liquid at room temperature) and freezes at a convenient —76°... It is also quite probably the most vigorous fluorinating agent in existence—much more vigorous than fluorine itself... It is, of course, extremely toxic, but that's the least of the problem. It is hypergolic with every known fuel, and so rapidly hypergolic that no ignition delay has ever been measured. It is also hypergolic with such things as cloth, wood, and test engineers, not to mention asbestos, sand, and water—with which it reacts explosively.

1972, John Drury Clark, Ignition!, page 73:

(inorganic chemistry) A poisonous gaseous binary compound, CF₃, of chlorine and fluorine.


chlorine pentafluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A gaseous hypervalent binary compound, CF₅, of chlorine and fluorine.


chlorine fluoride

en-noun

chlorine fluoride (plural chlorine fluorides)

(inorganic chemistry) Any binary compound of chlorine and fluorine.


potassium amide

(inorganic chemistry) A yellowish brown solid, KNH₂, obtained by heating potassium in ammonia gas. It is most commonly used as a base to create a carbanion of an enolate.


calcium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A soft, white powder, Ca(OH)₂, obtained by the action of water on calcium oxide; slaked lime.


calamine

calamine (usually uncountable, plural calamines)

From French calamine, from Medieval Latin calamīna, from Latin cadmīa, ultimately from Ancient Greek Κᾰδμείᾱ (Kadmeíā), from Κάδμος (Kádmos, “Cadmus”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming related substances”). Doublet of cadmia, calaminaris, and lapis calaminaris.

doublet

Poison Ivy, Lord,'ll make you itch
You're gonna need an ocean
Of calamine lotion
You'll be scratchin' like a hound
The minute you start to mess around

1959, “Poison Ivy”, Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller (lyrics), performed by The Coasters:

For Secret Santa two years before, she had gifted him a bottle of calamine lotion.

2022, Ling Ma, “Tomorrow”, in Bliss Montage, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:

(inorganic chemistry) Synonym of smithsonite, a pink form of zinc oxide (mainly zinc carbonate ZnCO₃) formed as a byproduct of zinc sublimation, now used in skin lotions.

smithsonite

mit Eisenoxid eingefärbtes Zinkoxidpulver


calcium oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A white powderous substance, CaO, normally made by heating calcium carbonate.


magnesium oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A white powder (MgO) with a high melting point; it occurs naturally as periclase, an ore of magnesium.


chloroplatinic acid

(inorganic chemistry) An acid, H₂PtCl₆, derived from platinic chloride and hydrochloric acid, used in the analysis of amines.


spirits of salts

Some have succeeded in sculpturing Marble in very delicate designs by the aid of an acidulous liquor, which is formed by a mixture of spirits of salts and distilled vinegar.

1856, “Section Sixth”, in Mary Louise Booth, transl., The Marble-Workers' Manual:

https://web.archive.org/web/20060910002024/http://www.physchem.co.za/Acids/Introduction.htm
Acids which are commonly found in the laboratory are hydrochloric acid, HCl (still sometimes called by its ancient name spirits of salts), nitric acid, ...

Strong acid solutions (e.g. hydrochloric acid or "spirits of salts") are sometimes used to clean masonry and tiling of buildings but they should never be permitted to come into contact with metals, including stainless steel.

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of spirit of salt


auric acid

(inorganic chemistry) The compound, HAuO₂, formed from the hydrated oxide Au(OH)₃ as a brown powder


noble metal

(inorganic chemistry, alchemy) A metal resistant to corrosion, oxidizing and tarnishing, such as gold or platinum.


王水

/wɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/wɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/


王水

王水 (canonical)
ōsui (romanization)
wausui (romanization)
わうすい (hiragana historical)


chromium dioxide

(inorganic chemistry) A black, semiconducting material, CrO₂, having strong magnetic properties; used in recording tapes.


carbonate of potassium

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) potassium carbonate


bromide of potassium

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) potassium bromide


chromate of potassium

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) potassium chromate


potassium chromate

en-noun

potassium chromate (plural potassium chromates)

(inorganic chemistry) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K₂CrO₄; the yellow crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an analytical reagent.


potassium dichromate

potassium dichromate (plural potassium dichromates)

(inorganic chemistry) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K₂Cr₂O₇; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


potassium cyanide

(inorganic chemistry) The potassium salt of hydrocyanic acid, KCN; the colourless crystals are soluble in water, and it is extremely poisonous, and is used in electroplating, the extraction of gold and silver from their ores, and in photography.


barium arsenate

(inorganic chemistry) The barium salt of arsenic acid, Ba₃(AsO₄)₂, formed as a precipitate when removing arsenic from water supplies.


aluminophosphate

(inorganic chemistry) Any of a large number of inorganic compounds whose structure is a combination of aluminate and phosphate often in complex three-dimensional forms; many of them are used as molecular sieves.

aluminofosfato

any inorganic compound whose structure is a combination of aluminate and phosphate


ammine

coordination compound
coordination compound

(inorganic chemistry) Any of a class of coordination compounds in which ammonia acts as a ligand.


thiosulphuric acid

thiosulfuric acid
thiosulfuric acid#English

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British) Alternative spelling of thiosulfuric acid


thiosulfuric

(inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to thiosulfuric acid or its derivatives.


sulphurous acid

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British spelling) Alternative spelling of sulfurous acid


thiosulphuric

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British) Alternative spelling of thiosulfuric


sulphite

(inorganic chemistry, chiefly British spelling) Alternative spelling of sulfite


dichlorine hexoxide

(inorganic chemistry) A dark red fuming liquid whose solid form has the structure [ClO₂]⁺[ClO₄]⁻; it is made by the action of ozone on chlorine dioxide and is diamagnetic and a strong oxidizing agent.


leelismetall

head

leelismetall (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


aktinoid

aktinoid (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])


alkaline-earth metal

en-noun

alkaline-earth metal (plural alkaline-earth metals)

alkaline earth metal
alkaline earth metal#English

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative spelling of alkaline earth metal


alkaline earth

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxide of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are not as basic as the alkalis, and not so soluble in water.


calcium chloride

The gases passed over a hot roll of copper gauze, then through a weighed calcium chloride tube, which absorbed the water, into an azotometer containing a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide where the nitrogen was measured.

1885, American Journal of Science, 3rd Series, Volume 30, page 57:

(inorganic chemistry) The calcium salt of hydrochloric acid, CaCl₂; used as a drying agent and to melt ice on roads.


alkaline earth metal

alkaline earth metal (plural alkaline earth metals)

(inorganic chemistry) Any of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are low-density metals that react readily with water to form strongly basic hydroxides, and with many acids to form salts.

aardalkalimetaal

any element of group II of the periodic table


titanious

(inorganic chemistry) Relating to titanium, especially when in a +3 oxidation state; titanous.


valente

it-adj

valente (plural valenti, superlative valentissimo)

valenti (plural)
valentissimo (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) valent (having a specified valency)


xenon hexafluoroplatinate

(inorganic chemistry) The first compound of an inert gas to be prepared; it seems to have the formula XePtF₆, but its structure is ambiguous, and may be a mixture.