shred

en-verb

shred (third-person singular simple present shreds, present participle shredding, simple past shredded, past participle shredded or shred)

shreds (present singular third-person)
shredding (participle present)
shredded (past)
shredded (participle past)
shred (participle past)
shred (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English shreden, shred (“to chop, cut up; to cut, hack; to wound with a knife; to cut off a part of (something); to prune, trim”) [and other forms], from Old English sċrēadian (“to cut up, shred; to cut off; to prune, trim”), from Proto-West Germanic *skraudōn, related to Proto-West Germanic *skraudan (“to cut up; to shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudaną (“to cut up; to shred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).
The adjective is derived from the past participle form of the verb.

nb...

schred, schredde, schrede, screde, shreade, shrede, shredde, shrid, (Early Middle English) screda, scradien, (Ormulum) shrædenn

inh

(cooking) To cut (fruit peel, a vegetable, etc.) into thin strips that curl.


stout

stout (canonical)
the malt brew stout (canonical)
stouts (plural)

From Middle English stoute, from Old French estout (“brave, fierce, proud”) (Modern French dialectal stout (“proud”)), from earlier Old French estolt (“strong”), from Frankish *stolt, *stult (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Germanic *stultaz (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, stand”).
Cognate with Dutch stout (“stout, bold, naughty”), Low German stolt (“stately, proud”), German stolz (“proud, haughty, arrogant, stately”), Old Norse stoltr (“proud”) (Danish stolt (“proud”), Icelandic stoltur (“proud”)).
Meaning "strong in body, powerfully built" is attested from First attested in c. 1386, but has been to a large extent displaced by the euphemistic meaning "thick-bodied, fat and large," which is first recorded 1804. Original sense preserved in stout-hearted (1552).
The noun "strong, dark-brown beer" is first recorded 1677, from the adjective.

cog

Coordinate term: porter

Stout is darker, stronger and sweeter than porter beer.

(beer) A dark and strong malt brew made with toasted grain.


hors-d'œuvre

hors-d’œuvre (canonical masculine)
hors-d’œuvre (plural)

(cooking) appetizer, starter, hors d'oeuvre (small, light, and usually savory first course in a meal)


bonbon

Borrowed from French bonbon, reduplication of bon (“good”), from Latin bonus.

The terrine was served with black pudding bonbons.

(cooking) A small, spherical savory snack or canapé.


tent

en-verb

tent (third-person singular simple present tents, present participle tenting, simple past and past participle tented)

tents (present singular third-person)
tenting (participle present)
tented (participle past)
tented (past)

From Middle English tente, borrowed from Old French tente, from Vulgar Latin *tenta (“tent”), from the feminine of Latin tentus, ptp. of tendere (“to stretch, extend”), or contracted from *tendita as an alternate past participle. Displaced native Middle English tild, tilt (“tent, tilt”), from Old English teld (“tent”). Compare Spanish tienda (“store, shop; tent”).

cog

(cooking) To prop up aluminum foil in an inverted "V" (reminiscent of a pop-up tent) over food to reduce splatter, before putting it in the oven.


quiche

→ Danish: quiche

→ Dutch: quiche

desctree

→ English: quiche
→ Japanese: キッシュ (kisshu)
→ Korean: 키슈 (kisyu), 키쉬 (kiswi)

→ Esperanto: kiŝo

→ German: Quiche

→ Greek: κις (kis)

→ Polish: quiche, kisz

→ Portuguese: quiche

→ Russian: киш (kiš)

→ Spanish: quiche

→ Swedish: quiche

→ Thai: กิช (gìch)

From Lorraine Rhine Franconian Küeche, from Middle High German kuoche, from Old High German kuocho, kuohho, from Proto-Germanic *kōkô, from Proto-Indo-European *gog- (“ball-shaped object”). First attested in French in 1805. More at cake.


Twinkie

The brand name is said to be a diminutive, twinkle + -ie (or otherwise modified), based on a billboard for "Twinkle Toe Shoes" in St. Louis, although there are also claims for solely one or the other. The meaning in reference to well-assimilated Asians is derived from the slur that they are "yellow on the outside, white on the inside".

(food) A yellow cake with a creamy white filling, known for its artificiality and supposedly long shelf life.


crunch

From earlier craunch, cranch, of imitative origin.

Smear the peanut butter, fluff, and a bit of the nutella all over, even to the very edge of the wrap. Sprinkle the crunches on top and then start rolling from one of the non-trimmed edges

2014 December 18, “Fluffernutter and Nutella Yule Log”, in The Lovely Crazy

(cooking, generally in the plural) A small piece created by crushing; a piece of material with a friable or crunchy texture.


banger

→ Estonian: bänger

→ Finnish: bängeri

From bang + -er. The sausages were so called because of their excess water content and impervious skin, leading to the risk of explosion if not punctured before cooking.

Coordinate term: bangers and mash

(British, New Zealand, Australia, food, slang) A sausage.


candy

en-verb

candy (third-person singular simple present candies, present participle candying, simple past and past participle candied)

candies (present singular third-person)
candying (participle present)
candied (participle past)
candied (past)

From Middle English sugre candy, from Old French sucre candi (literally “candied sugar”), from Arabic سُكَّر قَنْدِي (sukkar qandī), from Arabic قَنْد (qand, “rock candy”), from Persian کند (kand) from Sanskrit खण्ड (khaṇḍa, “piece, fragment, candied sugar, dried molasses”), root खण्ड् (khaṇḍ, “to divide, break into pieces”), or from Proto-Dravidian *kaṇṭu; compare Tamil கண்டு (kaṇṭu, “hard candy”).

der

سُكَّر قَنْدِي

(cooking) To cook in, or coat with, sugar syrup.


xeno

Unknown. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁mn̥ (“offspring”), through a local substrate language.

(cooking) secondary sprout of a cabbage, produced after the head is collected


attenuation

en-noun

attenuation (countable and uncountable, plural attenuations)

From Middle English attenuacioun, a borrowing from Latin attenuātiō (“a diminishing”). Equivalent to attenuate + -ion.

(brewing) The proportion of sugar that is converted to ethanol by a yeast.


moonshine

moonshine (countable and uncountable, plural moonshines)

From Middle English mone schyne, mone-schyne, moone shone; equivalent to moon + shine. Illegally distilled liquor is so named because its manufacture may be conducted without artificial light at night. The verb sense is a back-formation from moonshiner.

(US, cooking) A spiced dish of eggs and fried onions.


mince

en-verb

mince (third-person singular simple present minces, present participle mincing, simple past and past participle minced)

minces (present singular third-person)
mincing (participle present)
minced (participle past)
minced (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-mince.wav

From Middle English mincen, minsen; partly from Old English minsian, ġeminsian (“to make less, make smaller, diminish”), from Proto-West Germanic *minnisōn, from Proto-Germanic *minnisōną (“to make less”); partly from Old French mincer, mincier (“to cut into small pieces”), from mince (“slender, slight, puny”), from Frankish *minsto, *minnisto, superlative of *min, *minn (“small, less”), from Proto-Germanic *minniz (“less”); both from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small, little”). Cognate with Old Saxon minsōn (“to make less, make smaller”), Old Dutch minson (“to make smaller”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌶𐌽𐌰𐌽 (minznan, “to become less, diminish”), Swedish minska (“to reduce, lessen”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐍃 (mins, “slender, slight”). More at min.

cog

Butchers often use machines to mince meat.

(transitive, cooking) To cut into very small pieces; to chop finely.


spaghetto

Greek: σπαγγέτι n (spangéti)

From spago + -etto (“meliorative suffix”).

(cooking, rare, prescriptive) strand of spaghetti

(cooking, in the plural) a dish of spaghetti


shiner

From Middle English schyner, equivalent to shine + -er. Compare Old English sċīnere (“one who produces deceptive appearances, magician”).

Shiners are a big part of the wine business. […] Shiners are finished, bottled wines that don’t have a label or typically any other identifying feature until a vintner purchases them and then places a label on the bottles. […] They’re called shiners because they are unlabeled and have a “shiny” appearance.

2008, James Laube, “Shiners Are a Secret Part of the Wine Business”, in Wine Spectator

(wine) A bottle of finished wine, without a label.


sashimi

id-noun

sashimi (first-person possessive sashimiku, second-person possessive sashimimu, third-person possessive sashiminya)

sashimiku (first-person possessive)
sashimimu (possessive second-person)
sashiminya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 刺身(さしみ) (sashimi), from 刺し (さし, sashi, “sticking into, sticking between; slicing”) + 身 (み, mi, “meat, flesh”).

(cooking, nonstandard, common) alternative spelling of sasyimi (“sashimi”).


render

en-verb

render (third-person singular simple present renders, present participle rendering, simple past and past participle rendered)

renders (present singular third-person)
rendering (participle present)
rendered (participle past)
rendered (past)

→ Dutch: renderen

From Middle English renderen, rendren, from Old French rendre (“render, give back”), from Late Latin rendere, from Latin reddere (“make, give back”).

uitsmelten

convert animal fat into liquid form or into a usable byproduct

Bacon is very fatty when raw; however, most of the fat will render during cooking.

(intransitive, cooking) To have fat drip off meat from cooking.


fondant

en-noun

fondant (countable and uncountable, plural fondants)

19th century. Unadapted borrowing from French fondant (“melting”), from fondre (“to melt”), from Latin fundere (“to melt”).

ubor

Stan made a heroic attempt at a tiered cinnamon cake with a rolled fondant icing that came out gray and tore when he draped it over the cake.

2012, Kathryn Williams, Pizza, Love, and Other Stuff That Made Me Famous, Henry Holt and Company (BYR), page 182

(food) A sugar dough, usually prepared as large sheets (rolled fondant), used in place of icing to cover large areas of cakes, composed of sugar, water, gelatin, glycerine.


al dente

pl-adj

al dente (not comparable, no derived adverb)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian al dente.


muro

muro (nominative singular)
murot (nominative plural)
muro (accusative nominative singular)
murot (accusative nominative plural)
muron (accusative genitive singular)
murot (accusative genitive plural)
muron (genitive singular)
murojen (genitive plural)
muroa (partitive singular)
muroja (partitive plural)
murossa (inessive singular)
muroissa (inessive plural)
murosta (elative singular)
muroista (elative plural)
muroon (illative singular)
muroihin (illative plural)
murolla (adessive singular)
muroilla (adessive plural)
murolta (ablative singular)
muroilta (ablative plural)
murolle (allative singular)
muroille (allative plural)
murona (essive singular)
muroina (essive plural)
muroksi (singular translative)
muroiksi (plural translative)
murotta (abessive singular)
muroitta (abessive plural)
muroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
muroni (nominative singular)
muroni (nominative plural)
muroni (accusative nominative singular)
muroni (accusative nominative plural)
muroni (accusative genitive singular)
muroni (accusative genitive plural)
muroni (genitive singular)
murojeni (genitive plural)
muroani (partitive singular)
murojani (partitive plural)
murossani (inessive singular)
muroissani (inessive plural)
murostani (elative singular)
muroistani (elative plural)
murooni (illative singular)
muroihini (illative plural)
murollani (adessive singular)
muroillani (adessive plural)
muroltani (ablative singular)
muroiltani (ablative plural)
murolleni (allative singular)
muroilleni (allative plural)
muronani (essive singular)
muroinani (essive plural)
murokseni (singular translative)
muroikseni (plural translative)
murottani (abessive singular)
muroittani (abessive plural)
muroineni (comitative plural)
murosi (nominative singular)
murosi (nominative plural)
murosi (accusative nominative singular)
murosi (accusative nominative plural)
murosi (accusative genitive singular)
murosi (accusative genitive plural)
murosi (genitive singular)
murojesi (genitive plural)
muroasi (partitive singular)
murojasi (partitive plural)
murossasi (inessive singular)
muroissasi (inessive plural)
murostasi (elative singular)
muroistasi (elative plural)
muroosi (illative singular)
muroihisi (illative plural)
murollasi (adessive singular)
muroillasi (adessive plural)
muroltasi (ablative singular)
muroiltasi (ablative plural)
murollesi (allative singular)
muroillesi (allative plural)
muronasi (essive singular)
muroinasi (essive plural)
muroksesi (singular translative)
muroiksesi (plural translative)
murottasi (abessive singular)
muroittasi (abessive plural)
muroinesi (comitative plural)
muromme (nominative singular)
muromme (nominative plural)
muromme (accusative nominative singular)
muromme (accusative nominative plural)
muromme (accusative genitive singular)
muromme (accusative genitive plural)
muromme (genitive singular)
murojemme (genitive plural)
muroamme (partitive singular)
murojamme (partitive plural)
murossamme (inessive singular)
muroissamme (inessive plural)
murostamme (elative singular)
muroistamme (elative plural)
muroomme (illative singular)
muroihimme (illative plural)
murollamme (adessive singular)
muroillamme (adessive plural)
muroltamme (ablative singular)
muroiltamme (ablative plural)
murollemme (allative singular)
muroillemme (allative plural)
muronamme (essive singular)
muroinamme (essive plural)
muroksemme (singular translative)
muroiksemme (plural translative)
murottamme (abessive singular)
muroittamme (abessive plural)
muroinemme (comitative plural)
muronne (nominative singular)
muronne (nominative plural)
muronne (accusative nominative singular)
muronne (accusative nominative plural)
muronne (accusative genitive singular)
muronne (accusative genitive plural)
muronne (genitive singular)
murojenne (genitive plural)
muroanne (partitive singular)
murojanne (partitive plural)
murossanne (inessive singular)
muroissanne (inessive plural)
murostanne (elative singular)
muroistanne (elative plural)
muroonne (illative singular)
muroihinne (illative plural)
murollanne (adessive singular)
muroillanne (adessive plural)
muroltanne (ablative singular)
muroiltanne (ablative plural)
murollenne (allative singular)
muroillenne (allative plural)
muronanne (essive singular)
muroinanne (essive plural)
muroksenne (singular translative)
muroiksenne (plural translative)
murottanne (abessive singular)
muroittanne (abessive plural)
muroinenne (comitative plural)
muronsa (nominative singular)
muronsa (nominative plural)
muronsa (accusative nominative singular)
muronsa (accusative nominative plural)
muronsa (accusative genitive singular)
muronsa (accusative genitive plural)
muronsa (genitive singular)
murojensa (genitive plural)
muroaan (partitive singular)
muroansa (partitive singular)
murojaan (partitive plural)
murojansa (partitive plural)
murossaan (inessive singular)
murossansa (inessive singular)
muroissaan (inessive plural)
muroissansa (inessive plural)
murostaan (elative singular)
murostansa (elative singular)
muroistaan (elative plural)
muroistansa (elative plural)
muroonsa (illative singular)
muroihinsa (illative plural)
murollaan (adessive singular)
murollansa (adessive singular)
muroillaan (adessive plural)
muroillansa (adessive plural)
muroltaan (ablative singular)
muroltansa (ablative singular)
muroiltaan (ablative plural)
muroiltansa (ablative plural)
murolleen (allative singular)
murollensa (allative singular)
muroilleen (allative plural)
muroillensa (allative plural)
muronaan (essive singular)
muronansa (essive singular)
muroinaan (essive plural)
muroinansa (essive plural)
murokseen (singular translative)
muroksensa (singular translative)
muroikseen (plural translative)
muroiksensa (plural translative)
murottaan (abessive singular)
murottansa (abessive singular)
muroittaan (abessive plural)
muroittansa (abessive plural)
muroineen (comitative plural)
muroinensa (comitative plural)

mur- + -o. Originally a variant of muru.

murokakku

(baking, as modifier) short (brittle, crumbly, especially due to the use of a large quantity of fat)


tipsy

en-adj

tipsy (comparative tipsier, superlative tipsiest)

tipsier (comparative)
tipsiest (superlative)

From tips + -y. Compare artsy, folksy, and sudsy.

tipsy apple pie


chou

From French chou (“cabbage”); compare French pâte à choux (“choux pastry”). Doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.

(baking) Choux pastry, usually in the form of a small round cake with a sweet filling.


icing

en-noun

icing (countable and uncountable, plural icings)

→ Swedish: icing

THICK FLUFFY ICING
At the present time there is a demand for very light fluffy icing that may be piled high on a cake. For beating many of the icings of this variety an electric beater is used, and the syrup is added very slowly.

1917, Janet McKenzie Hill, Cakes, Pastry and Dessert Dishes, page 92

(cooking) A sweet, often creamy and thick glaze made primarily of sugar, often enriched with ingredients like butter, egg whites, or flavorings, typically used for baked goods.


caul

From Middle English calle, kelle, kalle, kolle (“caul, net, basket”), from Old English cāwl, cāul, cēawl, cēaul (“basket, container, net, sieve”), of uncertain origin. Reinforced by Old French cale (“close-fitting cap”), possibly a borrowing of the Old English term above, or alternatively related to Old French calotte (“headdress”), from Italian callotta, from Latin calautica (“type of female headdress which fell down over the shoulders”), itself of unknown origin. Cognate with Scots kell (“caul”).


remove

From Middle English removen, from Anglo-Norman remover, removeir, from Old French remouvoir, from Latin removēre, from re- + movēre (“to move”), equivalent to re- + move. Displaced native Old English āfierran.

A supper brings up the rear, not forgetting the introductory luncheon, almost equalling in removes the dinner.

1796, Mary Wollstonecraft, Letters Written in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, Oxford, published 2009, page 16

(cooking, now chiefly historical) A dish served to replace an earlier one during a meal; a part of a new course.


mount

en-verb

mount (third-person singular simple present mounts, present participle mounting, simple past and past participle mounted)

mounts (present singular third-person)
mounting (participle present)
mounted (participle past)
mounted (past)

From Middle English mounten, from Anglo-Norman munter, from Vulgar Latin *montāre (“climb”), from Latin montem (“mountain”). Compare modern French monter.

Mount the sauce with one tablespoon of butter.

(cooking) To incorporate fat, especially butter, into (a dish, especially a sauce to finish it).


pesto

→ English: pesto

→ Turkish: pesto

From Latin pistus (“crushed, pounded”), from Latin pīnsō (“to pound, beat, crush”), whose frequentative also gave Italian pestare (“to pound”).


bain-marie

Borrowed from French bain-marie, from Medieval Latin balneum Mariae (literally “Maria's bath”).

cog

Steam tables, bains marie, and chaffing dishes require that an accurate external probe thermometer be used.

2003, Ronald H. Schmidt, Gary E. Rodrick, Food Safety Handbook, page 511

(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


bain-marie

→ German: Bain-Marie

→ English: bain-marie

→ Italian: bagnomaria (calque)

→ Polish: bemar

→ Portuguese: banho-maria (calque)

→ Spanish: baño maría (calque)

Calque of Medieval Latin balneum Mariae (literally “Maria's bath”), a reference to the early alchemist Maria Prophetissima (also known as Mary the Jewess).

clq

1836, Burnet (M), Dictionnaire de cuisine et d'économie ménagère: à l'usage des maîtres et maîtresses de maison, fermiers, maîtres-d'hôtel, chefs de cuisine, chefs d'office, restaurateurs, pâtissiers, marchands de comestibles, confiseurs, distillateurs, &c. ..., page 35

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

On met les bouteilles dans le bain-marie, le goulot et le bouchon hors de l’eau, et on allume. Le bain-marie peut se faire dans toute espèce de chaudière ou de vase rempli d’eau que l’on fait bouillir. Quand les bouteilles ont passé dans le ...

(cooking) double boiler, bain-marie (hot water bath made out of two containers)


affogare

it-verb

affogàre (first-person singular present affógo or affògo, first-person singular past historic affogài, past participle affogàto, auxiliary (transitive) avére or (intransitive) èssere)

affogàre (canonical)
affógo (first-person present singular)
affògo (first-person present singular)
affogài (first-person historic past singular)
affogàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary transitive)
èssere (auxiliary intransitive)
affogàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary transitive)
èssere (auxiliary intransitive)
affogàndo (gerund)
affogànte (participle present)
affogàto (participle past)
affógo (first-person indicative present singular)
affògo (first-person indicative present singular)
affóghi (indicative present second-person singular)
affòghi (indicative present second-person singular)
affóga (indicative present singular third-person)
affòga (indicative present singular third-person)
affoghiàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
affogàte (indicative plural present second-person)
affógano (indicative plural present third-person)
affògano (indicative plural present third-person)
affogàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
affogàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
affogàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
affogavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
affogavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
affogàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
affogài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
affogàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
affogò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
affogàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
affogàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
affogàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
affogherò (first-person future indicative singular)
affogherài (future indicative second-person singular)
affogherà (future indicative singular third-person)
affogherémo (first-person future indicative plural)
affogheréte (future indicative plural second-person)
affogherànno (future indicative plural third-person)
affogherèi (conditional first-person present singular)
affogherésti (conditional present second-person singular)
affogherèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
affogherébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
affogherémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
affogheréste (conditional plural present second-person)
affogherèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
affogherébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
affóghi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
affòghi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
affóghi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
affòghi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
affóghi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
affòghi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
affoghiàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
affoghiàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
affóghino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
affòghino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
affogàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
affogàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
affogàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
affogàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
affogàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
affogàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
affóga (imperative second-person singular)
affòga (imperative second-person singular)
affóghi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
affòghi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
affoghiàmo (first-person imperative plural)
affogàte (imperative plural second-person)
affóghino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
affòghino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
affogàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
affóghi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
affòghi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
affoghiàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
affogàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
affóghino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
affòghino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

desc

→ Sardinian: affogare, affogai (Campidanese)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.

affogato nella crema


mouiller

mouiller (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
mouillant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
mouillé (participle past)
mouille (first-person indicative present singular)
mouilles (indicative present second-person singular)
mouille (indicative present singular third-person)
mouillons (first-person indicative plural present)
mouillez (indicative plural present second-person)
mouillent (indicative plural present third-person)
mouillais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mouillais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mouillait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mouillions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mouilliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mouillaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mouillai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
mouillas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
mouilla (historic indicative past singular third-person)
mouillâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
mouillâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
mouillèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
mouillerai (first-person future indicative singular)
mouilleras (future indicative second-person singular)
mouillera (future indicative singular third-person)
mouillerons (first-person future indicative plural)
mouillerez (future indicative plural second-person)
mouilleront (future indicative plural third-person)
mouillerais (conditional first-person singular)
mouillerais (conditional second-person singular)
mouillerait (conditional singular third-person)
mouillerions (conditional first-person plural)
mouilleriez (conditional plural second-person)
mouilleraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mouille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mouilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mouille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mouillions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mouilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mouillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mouillasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mouillasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mouillât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mouillassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mouillassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mouillassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mouille (imperative second-person singular)
mouillons (first-person imperative plural)
mouillez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French moillier, from Vulgar Latin *molliāre (“soak”), a verb based on Latin mollis (“soft”). Compare Occitan molhar.


magnum

(wine) a bottle of wine containing 1.5 liters of fluid, double the volume of a standard bottle


prego

(Portugal, cooking) steak sandwich (shortening of prego no pão)


定食

/tiŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/tɪŋ²² sɪk̚²/

/tiŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/tɪŋ²² sɪk̚²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 定食(ていしょく) (teishoku)


raft

Late Middle English, of North Germanic origin, from West Old Norse raptr, from Proto-Germanic *raf-tra-, from Proto-Indo-European *rap-tro-, from *rep- (“stake, beam”). See also Norwegian raft (“beam, rafter”), Danish raft (“thin pole”). Compare also Albanian trap (“raft, ferry”).

(cooking) A mass of congealed solids that forms on a consommé because of the protein in the egg white.


cucinare

it-verb

cucinàre (first-person singular present cucìno, first-person singular past historic cucinài, past participle cucinàto, auxiliary avére)

cucinàre (canonical)
cucìno (first-person present singular)
cucinài (first-person historic past singular)
cucinàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
cucinàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
cucinàndo (gerund)
cucinànte (participle present)
cucinàto (participle past)
cucìno (first-person indicative present singular)
cucìni (indicative present second-person singular)
cucìna (indicative present singular third-person)
cuciniàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
cucinàte (indicative plural present second-person)
cucìnano (indicative plural present third-person)
cucinàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cucinàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cucinàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cucinavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cucinavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cucinàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cucinài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
cucinàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
cucinò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
cucinàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
cucinàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
cucinàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
cucinerò (first-person future indicative singular)
cucinerài (future indicative second-person singular)
cucinerà (future indicative singular third-person)
cucinerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
cucineréte (future indicative plural second-person)
cucinerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
cucinerèi (conditional first-person present singular)
cucinerésti (conditional present second-person singular)
cucinerèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
cucinerébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
cucinerémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
cucineréste (conditional plural present second-person)
cucinerèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
cucinerébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
cucìni (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cucìni (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cucìni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cuciniàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cuciniàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cucìnino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cucinàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cucinàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cucinàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cucinàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cucinàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cucinàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cucìna (imperative second-person singular)
cucìni (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cuciniàmo (first-person imperative plural)
cucinàte (imperative plural second-person)
cucìnino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
cucinàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
cucìni (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cuciniàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
cucinàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
cucìnino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

From Late Latin cocīnāre, from Latin coquīnāre.


chuck

en-noun

chuck (countable and uncountable, plural chucks)

Arm chucks represent approximately 54% of the beef forequarters.

1975, Thomas Fabbricante, William J. Sultan, Practical Meat Cutting and Merchandising: Beef, page 141

Often, pieces of the chuck are sold boneless as flat chunks of meat or rolled and tied.

2001, Bruce Aidells, Denis Kelly, The Complete Meat Cookbook: A Juicy and Authoritative Guide, page 190

The chucks are that portion of foresaddle remaining after excluding the hotel rack and plate portions of the breast as described in Item No. 306. The veal foreshanks (Item No. 312) and brisket may either be attached or separated and packaged with the chucks.

2006, North American Meat Processors Association, The Meat Buyers Guide: Beef, Lamb, Veal, Pork, and Poultry, page 113

(cooking) Meat from the shoulder of a cow or other animal.


black-eyed Susan

black-eyed Susan (plural black-eyed Susans)

(UK, cooking) A kind of boiled pudding with currants.


dorare

it-verb

doràre (first-person singular present dòro, first-person singular past historic dorài, past participle doràto, auxiliary avére)

doràre (canonical)
dòro (first-person present singular)
dorài (first-person historic past singular)
doràto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
doràre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
doràndo (gerund)
dorànte (participle present)
doràto (participle past)
dòro (first-person indicative present singular)
dòri (indicative present second-person singular)
dòra (indicative present singular third-person)
doriàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
doràte (indicative plural present second-person)
dòrano (indicative plural present third-person)
doràvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
doràvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
doràva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
doravàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
doravàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doràvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dorài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
doràsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dorò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
doràmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
doràste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
doràrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dorerò (first-person future indicative singular)
dorerài (future indicative second-person singular)
dorerà (future indicative singular third-person)
dorerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
doreréte (future indicative plural second-person)
dorerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
dorerèi (conditional first-person present singular)
dorerésti (conditional present second-person singular)
dorerèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
dorerébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
dorerémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
doreréste (conditional plural present second-person)
dorerèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
dorerébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
dòri (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dòri (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dòri (present singular subjunctive third-person)
doriàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
doriàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dòrino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
doràssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
doràssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
doràsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
doràssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
doràste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
doràssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dòra (imperative second-person singular)
dòri (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
doriàmo (first-person imperative plural)
doràte (imperative plural second-person)
dòrino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
doràre (imperative negative second-person singular)
dòri (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
doriàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
doràte (imperative negative plural second-person)
dòrino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

From Late Latin deaurāre, from Latin aurāre.

(uncommon) to dip in egg yolk (prior to frying)

to cook at moderate heat until a gold-like colour/color is achieved


abaisser

abaisser (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abaissant (gerund participle present)
abaissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abaissé (participle past)
abaissé (participle past)
abaisse (first-person indicative present singular)
abaisses (indicative present second-person singular)
abaisse (indicative present singular third-person)
abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
abaissent (indicative plural present third-person)
abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
abaisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abaisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abaisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abaissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaisse (imperative second-person singular)
abaissons (first-person imperative plural)
abaissons (first-person imperative plural)
abaissez (imperative plural second-person)
abaissez (imperative plural second-person)
s'abaisser (infinitive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
s’abaissant (gerund participle present)
s’abaissant (gerund participle present)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
abaissé (participle past)
abaissé (participle past)
m’abaisse (first-person indicative present singular)
t’abaisses (indicative present second-person singular)
s’abaisse (indicative present singular third-person)
nous abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
nous abaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
vous abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
vous abaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
s’abaissent (indicative plural present third-person)
m’abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
m’abaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
t’abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
t’abaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
s’abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
s’abaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nous abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nous abaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vous abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vous abaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
s’abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
s’abaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
m’abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
m’abaissai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
t’abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
t’abaissas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
s’abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
s’abaissa (historic indicative past singular third-person)
nous abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
nous abaissâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
vous abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
vous abaissâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
s’abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
s’abaissèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
m’abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
m’abaisserai (first-person future indicative singular)
t’abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
t’abaisseras (future indicative second-person singular)
s’abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
s’abaissera (future indicative singular third-person)
nous abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
nous abaisserons (first-person future indicative plural)
vous abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
vous abaisserez (future indicative plural second-person)
s’abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
s’abaisseront (future indicative plural third-person)
m’abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
m’abaisserais (conditional first-person singular)
t’abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
t’abaisserais (conditional second-person singular)
s’abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
s’abaisserait (conditional singular third-person)
nous abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
nous abaisserions (conditional first-person plural)
vous abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
vous abaisseriez (conditional plural second-person)
s’abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
s’abaisseraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
m’abaisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
t’abaisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
s’abaisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nous abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
nous abaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vous abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vous abaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
s’abaissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
m’abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
m’abaissasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
t’abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
t’abaissasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
s’abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
s’abaissât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nous abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nous abaissassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vous abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vous abaissassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
s’abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
s’abaissassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abaisse-toi (imperative second-person singular)
abaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
abaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural)
abaissez-vous (imperative plural second-person)
abaissez-vous (imperative plural second-person)

English: to abase

Mauritian Creole: abese

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French abaissier, from a (“to, towards”) + baissier (“to lower”). See Modern French à, baisser.


slather

Unknown; attested from early 19th century, in the sense "to slip, slide".

(cooking) A thick sauce or spread that is to be slathered (spread thickly) onto food.


shorten

en-verb

shorten (third-person singular simple present shortens, present participle shortening, simple past and past participle shortened)

shortens (present singular third-person)
shortening (participle present)
shortened (participle past)
shortened (past)

From Middle English shortnen, schortenen, equivalent to short + -en (verbal suffix). In some senses, a continuation (in altered form) of Middle English schorten (“to make short, shorten”), from Old English sċortian (“to become short”), from Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (“to shorten”).

inh

Corn flour makes delicious pie crust, and needs less lard to shorten it.

1894, Helen M. Laughlin, The Journal of Agriculture Cook Book, Journal of Agriculture Co., page 212

(baking, of pastries, transitive) To make crumbly.


endive

→ Iranian Persian: آنْدیوْ (ândiv)

Inherited from Middle French endive, endivie, andive, indivie, from Medieval Latin endivia or Italian indivia or endivia, suspected via Byzantine Greek ἐντύβιον (entúbion) from Latin intibus.

Une salade d’endive.

Cichorium intybus
Cichorium intybus#Translingual

(cooking) Belgian endive (edible chicory bud of Cichorium intybus)


molecular

molecular dishes

molecular gastronomy
molecular gastronomy

(food) Relating to molecular gastronomy.


tamarind

en-noun

tamarind (countable and uncountable, plural tamarinds)

From Late Middle English thamarynde, from Old French tamarinde, from Medieval Latin tamarindus, from Arabic تَمْر هِنْدِيّ (tamr hindiyy, literally “Indian date”).

der

تَمْر هِنْدِيّ

He began to crack tamarinds, pulling out the pod flesh, adding sugar and black pepper from his palms.

2021, Leone Ross, This One Sky Day, Faber & Faber Limited, page 253

Worcestershire sauce
Worcestershire sauce

(cooking) The fruit of this tree; the pulp is used as spice in Asian cooking and in Worcestershire sauce.


tamarind

tamarind (indefinite nominative singular)
tamarinden (definite nominative singular)
tamarinder (indefinite nominative plural)
tamarinderna (definite nominative plural)
tamarinds (genitive indefinite singular)
tamarindens (definite genitive singular)
tamarinders (genitive indefinite plural)
tamarindernas (definite genitive plural)


chicory

en-noun

chicory (countable and uncountable, plural chicories)

/ˈ t͡ʃɪkəɹi/

From Late Middle English cicoree, cicory, cicorea, sicory, sycory (“common chicory (Cichorium intybus); heliotrope”), from Old French cicoree (modern French chicorée (“common chicory; endive; coffee substitute made from common chicory”)), or directly from its etymon Medieval Latin cicorea, cichorea, *cichōria, from Latin cichorium, cichoreum (“common chicory; endive”), from Ancient Greek κίχορα (kíkhora), κιχόρεια (kikhóreia), neuter plural of κιχώριον (kikhṓrion, “chicory”). The English word is cognate with Italian cicórea, and is a doublet of succory.

cog

The Coffee planters have invariably waged war against the use of Chicory, under the conscientious conviction that every ounce of Chicory consumed in England displaced an ounce of their Coffee in the market. [...] That the prudent, sensible, moderate use of Chicory has been abused, there can be no question; but the same remark applies to everything which has every been found useful in any branch of manufacture whatever.

1829, William Law, “Letter V. A Chapter on Chicory.”, in The History of Coffee, including a Chapter on Chicory, London, Edinburgh: Reprinted by William and George Law, […], published 1850, →OCLC, pages 37–38

Whatever be the discoverable properties and applications of the dandelion tribe of vegetables, our object in the meanwhile is to see what part chicory is made to perform in the preparation and sale of coffee. [...] Of the flavour of the pure infusion of chicory we have already spoken: it was that of a peculiar bitterish sweet, not very palatable, yet not positively distasteful. [...] The flavour of the mixed coffee and chicory infusion was at once recognised to be that which the beverage called coffee ordinarily has when well made, and which most coffee-drinkers, we should imagine, would prefer.

1849 April 7, “The Outcry about Chicory”, in William, Robert Chambers, editors, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal, volume XI, number 275 (New Series), Edinburgh: Published by William and Robert Chambers; London: W[illiam] S[omerville] Orr, →OCLC, page 217, column 1

Chiccory, as gentlemen know, is a substitute for coffee, and is preferred by many people to coffee. It is recommended by physicians in many cases of nervous disease as a substitute for coffee for the use of those for whose nerves coffee is too violent, yet who are accustomed to that beverage when in health.

1872 May 9, [William Darrah] Kelley?, “Tariff and Tax Bill”, in F[ranklin] & J[ohn] Rives and George A. Bailey, editors, The Congressional Globe: Containing the Debates and Proceedings of the Second Session Forty-second Congress; […], part IV, Washington, D.C.: Office of the Congressional Globe, →OCLC, page 3240, column 2

It is a very prevalent idea that the admixture of chicory with coffee is a decided improvement, and de gustibus non est disputandum [tastes cannot be disputed]; but the low price of chicory as compared with coffee is a strong temptation to increase the proportion of chicory to an undue extent.

1874 March 20, Alfred H. Allen, “Chemistry Applied to the Detection of Adulteration”, in William Crookes, editor, The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science: A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts, and Manufactures, volume XXIX, number 747, London: Henry Gillman, […], →OCLC, section I (Coffee and Chicory), page 129, column 1

(uncountable, cooking) A coffee substitute made from the roasted roots of the common chicory, sometimes used as a cheap adulterant in real coffee.


fennel

en-noun

fennel (usually uncountable, plural fennels)

From the Middle English fenel, from the late Old English finuðl, finule (weak feminine forms); fenol, finul (masculine forms), from Proto-West Germanic *fenukl, from the Vulgar Latin *fēnuclum, fēnoclum, from Late Latin fēnuculum, from the Classical Latin faeniculum, a diminutive form of faenum (“hay”); compare the Italian finocchio, the Occitan fenolh, the French fenouil, and the Spanish hinojo. Doublet of finocchio.

(cooking) The bulb, leaves, or stalks of the plant, eaten as a vegetable.

شَمَر

bulb, leaves, or stalks eaten as a vegetable

(cooking) The seeds of the fennel plant used as a spice in cooking.


spatula

spatula (plural spatulas or spatulae or spatulæ)

spatulas (plural)
spatulae (plural)
spatulæ (plural)

/ˈspæt͡ʃʊlə/

/ˈspæt͡ʃələ/

Borrowed from Latin spatula (“a flat piece”), the diminutive form of spatha (“broad or flat tool”), from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “a broad wood or metal blade”). Doublet of spauld; compare spatha and spathe.

der

(cooking) A kitchen utensil consisting of a flat surface attached to a long handle, used for turning, lifting, or stirring food.


fond

From French, ultimately from Latin fundus. Doublet of fund and fundus.

He used the fond to make a classic French pan sauce.

(cooking) Brown residue in pans from cooking meats and vegetables.


fond

→ Bulgarian: фонд (fond)

→ Czech: fond

→ Dutch: fonds

→ English: fund

→ German: Fonds

→ Norwegian: fond

→ Russian: фонд (fond)

→ Scots: fond

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фо̏нд

Latin script: fȍnd

→ Swedish: fond

→ Turkish: fon

→ Ukrainian: фонд (fond)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin fundus. Doublet of fonds.


fond

fond (indefinite nominative singular)
fonden (definite nominative singular)
fonder (indefinite nominative plural)
fonderna (definite nominative plural)
fonds (genitive indefinite singular)
fondens (definite genitive singular)
fonders (genitive indefinite plural)
fondernas (definite genitive plural)


tagliare

it-verb

tagliàre (first-person singular present tàglio, first-person singular past historic tagliài, past participle tagliàto, auxiliary avére)

tagliàre (canonical)
tàglio (first-person present singular)
tagliài (first-person historic past singular)
tagliàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
tagliàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
tagliàndo (gerund)
tagliànte (participle present)
tagliàto (participle past)
tàglio (first-person indicative present singular)
tàgli (indicative present second-person singular)
tàglia (indicative present singular third-person)
tagliàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
tagliàte (indicative plural present second-person)
tàgliano (indicative plural present third-person)
tagliàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tagliàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tagliàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tagliavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tagliavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tagliàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tagliài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
tagliàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
tagliò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
tagliàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
tagliàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
tagliàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
taglierò (first-person future indicative singular)
taglierài (future indicative second-person singular)
taglierà (future indicative singular third-person)
taglierémo (first-person future indicative plural)
taglieréte (future indicative plural second-person)
taglierànno (future indicative plural third-person)
taglierèi (conditional first-person present singular)
taglierésti (conditional present second-person singular)
taglierèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
taglierébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
taglierémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
taglieréste (conditional plural present second-person)
taglierèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
taglierébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
tàgli (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tàgli (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tàgli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tagliàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tagliàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tàglino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tagliàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tagliàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tagliàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tagliàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tagliàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tagliàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tàglia (imperative second-person singular)
tàgli (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
tagliàmo (first-person imperative plural)
tagliàte (imperative plural second-person)
tàglino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
tagliàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
tàgli (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
tagliàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
tagliàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
tàglino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

→? Spanish: tallar

From Late Latin tāliāre, a verb based on Latin tālea (“cutting taken from a plant”).

der

(enology) to spike (to add a small amount of one substance to another)


dado

Uncertain. Perhaps from a Vulgar Latin *dadu, itself either from Latin datum (“thrown, given”), or from Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”). Compare Spanish and Portuguese dado, Catalan dau, French dé.

minestra di dadi


drizzle

en-verb

drizzle (third-person singular simple present drizzles, present participle drizzling, simple past and past participle drizzled)

drizzles (present singular third-person)
drizzling (participle present)
drizzled (participle past)
drizzled (past)

Perhaps a back-formation from dryseling, a dissimilated variant of Middle English drysning (“a falling of dew”), from Old English drysnan (“to extinguish”), related to Old English drēosan (“to fall, to decline”), making it cognate to modern English droze and drowse. Compare also dialectal Swedish drösla.

cog

The recipe says to toss the salad and then drizzle olive oil on it.

(cooking, transitive) To pour slowly and evenly, especially oil or honey in cooking.

The recipe says to toss the salad and then drizzle it in olive oil.

(cooking, transitive) To cover by pouring in this manner.


drizzle

en-noun

drizzle (countable and uncountable, plural drizzles)

April 19, 2013,Felicity Cloake, "How to Cook the Perfect Lemon Drizzle Cake" in The Guardian
Drizzle is not normally good news. Not when it's falling from the sky, not when it's replacing a decent helping of sauce, and especially not when it's found on a menu in close proximity to the words "balsamic vinegar". Deliciously sticky, sweet and sour lemon drizzle cake is the one, and very honourable, exception.

The rest of the day is spent trying to concentrate on ingredient labels, ordering supplies, baking some fairy cakes for a hen party and two lemon drizzles, one for a new baby and one for an old dear's birthday.

(baking) A cake onto which icing, honey or syrup has been drizzled in an artistic manner.


babka

id-noun

babka (plural babka-babka, first-person possessive babkaku, second-person possessive babkamu, third-person possessive babkanya)

babka-babka (plural)
babkaku (first-person possessive)
babkamu (possessive second-person)
babkanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English babka, most likely from Yiddish באַבקע (babke), from Slavic.

(cooking) babka: a Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins.


botelo

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin botellus. Cognate with Portuguese butelo, Asturian botiellu and Spanish botillo.

(cooking) kind of cured sausage usually made or pork ribs, paprika, garlic, bay leaves and salt, stuffed inside a pork large bowel or stomach


murg

“Misled how?” I toss this over in my mind as my fork tosses the murg phall, a suicidally hot Bangalore-style chicken curry designed for masochistic European taste, slowly oxidizing in my plate.

2010, Donald W. Bacon, Followed by Madness

(Indian cookery) Alternative form of murgh


velvet

en-verb

velvet (third-person singular simple present velvets, present participle velveting, simple past and past participle velveted)

velvets (present singular third-person)
velveting (participle present)
velveted (participle past)
velveted (past)

From Middle English velvet, velwet, veluet, from Old Occitan veluet, from Late Latin villutittus, diminutive of villūtus, from Latin villus (“shaggy hair, tuft of hair”). Cognate with French velours.

uder

Blanching cut and specially marinated chicken in oil or water prior to stir-frying is a technique common to Chinese restaurant kitchens. The 20-second bath tenderizes the chicken remarkably, hence the process has been dubbed "velveting" in English. Velveted chicken is half-cooked, will not stick to the pan, and needs almost no oil when stir-fried.

1982, Barbara Tropp, The Modern Art of Chinese Cooking, Morrow, published 1982, page 137

(cooking) To coat raw meat in starch, then in oil, preparatory to frying.


brogi

eo-head

brogi (present brogas, past brogis, future brogos, conditional brogus, volitive brogu)

brogas (present)
brogis (past)
brogos (future)
brogus (conditional)
brogu (volitive)
brogas (present)
brogis (past)
brogos (future)
broganta (active participle present singular)
brogantaj (active participle plural present)
broginta (active participle past singular)
brogintaj (active participle past plural)
brogonta (active future participle singular)
brogontaj (active future participle plural)
brogantan (accusative active participle present singular)
brogantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
brogintan (accusative active participle past singular)
brogintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
brogontan (accusative active future participle singular)
brogontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
brogata (participle passive present singular)
brogataj (participle passive plural present)
brogita (participle passive past singular)
brogitaj (participle passive past plural)
brogota (future participle passive singular)
brogotaj (future participle passive plural)
brogatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
brogatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
brogitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
brogitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
brogotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
brogotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
broganto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
brogantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
broginto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
brogintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
brogonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
brogontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
broganton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
brogantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
broginton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
brogintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
brogonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
brogontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
brogato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
brogatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
brogito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
brogitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
brogoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
brogotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
brogaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
brogatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
brogiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
brogitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
brogoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
brogotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
brogante (active adverbial participle present)
broginte (active adverbial participle past)
brogonte (active adverbial future participle)
brogate (adverbial participle passive present)
brogite (adverbial participle passive past)
brogote (adverbial future participle passive)
brogi (infinitive)
brogu (imperative)
brogus (conditional)


blanka

head

blanka (present blankar, preterite blankade, supine blankat, imperative blanka)

blankar (present)
blankade (preterite)
blankat (supine)
blanka (imperative)
blanka (active infinitive)
blankas (infinitive passive)
blankat (active supine)
blankats (passive supine)
blanka (active imperative)
blanken (active archaic imperative plural)
blankar (active indicative present)
blankade (active indicative past)
blankas (indicative passive present)
blankades (indicative passive past)
blanka (active archaic indicative plural present)
blankade (active archaic indicative past plural)
blankas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
blankades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
blanke (active dated present subjunctive)
blankade (active dated past subjunctive)
blankes (dated passive present subjunctive)
blankades (dated passive past subjunctive)
blankande (participle present)
blankad (participle past)

Mot slutet silades såsen av, och blankades med lite smör för att ge den en lite avrundad mjukhet.

(cooking) to finish off a sauce by adding fat (?)


braai

af-verb

braai (present braai, present participle braaiende, past participle gebraai)

braai (present)
braaiende (participle present)
gebraai (participle past)

From Dutch braden, from Middle Dutch brâden, from Old Dutch brādan, from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną.

Nou gaan ons braai

Ek mag nie vleis in my tuin braai nie.

(cooking) to grill meat over an open flame, to braai


bruna

brunar (present)
bruna (past)
bruna (participle past)
brunast (infinitive passive)
brunande (participle present)
bruna (imperative)
brun (imperative)

(transitive, intransitive, also cooking) to brown


crackling

en-noun

crackling (countable and uncountable, plural cracklings)

(cooking, often in the plural, US) Fat that, after roasting a joint, hardens and crispens

To make chicken crackling, use 500 g (1 lb 1V2 oz) chicken skin. Wash and remove excess fats.

2011 February 28, Arlene Diego, Step by Step Cooking Filipino: Delightful Ideas for Everyday Meals, Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd, page 54

(cooking, in the singular in British) The crispy rind of roast pork.

... but often forgotten are the equally delicious chicken cracklings. In this recipe, baguette slices spread with a delicious maple and sea salt butter are baked, then topped with crispy pan-fried chicken skin, sweet soft dates,[…]

2016 October 4, Eva Kosmas Flores, Adventures in Chicken: 150 Amazing Recipes from the Creator of AdventuresInCooking.com, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, page 26

(cooking, countable) A crispy, fried skin or rind, especially of pork.


scottare

it-verb

a􂀿in most meanings􂁀:e􂀿in the intransitive meaning "to hurt, to pain"􂁀/ò

scottàre (first-person singular present scòtto, first-person singular past historic scottài, past participle scottàto, auxiliary (in most meanings) avére or (in the intransitive meaning "to hurt, to pain") èssere)

scottàre (canonical)
scòtto (first-person present singular)
scottài (first-person historic past singular)
scottàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
èssere (auxiliary)
scottàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
èssere (auxiliary)
scottàndo (gerund)
scottànte (participle present)
scottàto (participle past)
scòtto (first-person indicative present singular)
scòtti (indicative present second-person singular)
scòtta (indicative present singular third-person)
scottiàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
scottàte (indicative plural present second-person)
scòttano (indicative plural present third-person)
scottàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
scottàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
scottàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
scottavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
scottavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
scottàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
scottài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
scottàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
scottò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
scottàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
scottàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
scottàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
scotterò (first-person future indicative singular)
scotterài (future indicative second-person singular)
scotterà (future indicative singular third-person)
scotterémo (first-person future indicative plural)
scotteréte (future indicative plural second-person)
scotterànno (future indicative plural third-person)
scotterèi (conditional first-person present singular)
scotterésti (conditional present second-person singular)
scotterèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
scotterébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
scotterémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
scotteréste (conditional plural present second-person)
scotterèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
scotterébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
scòtti (first-person present singular subjunctive)
scòtti (present second-person singular subjunctive)
scòtti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
scottiàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
scottiàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
scòttino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
scottàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
scottàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
scottàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
scottàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
scottàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
scottàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
scòtta (imperative second-person singular)
scòtti (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
scottiàmo (first-person imperative plural)
scottàte (imperative plural second-person)
scòttino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
scottàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
scòtti (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
scottiàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
scottàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
scòttino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

From Vulgar Latin *excoctāre, derived from Latin excoctus, perfect passive participle of excoquō (“to boil; to melt; to dry up”), derived from coquō (“to cook”).

(transitive, by extension, cooking) to boil or fry briefly, to parboil (meat or vegetables)


session

→ Japanese: セッション (sesshon)

→ Korean: 세션 (sesyeon)

→ Scottish Gaelic: seisean

From Middle English session, from Old French session, from Latin sessiō (“a sitting”), from sedeō (“sit”).

(beer) An extended period of drinking, typically consuming beer with low alcohol content.


friggere

frìggere (first-person singular present frìggo, first-person singular past historic frìssi, past participle frìtto, auxiliary avére)

frìggere (canonical)
frìggo (first-person present singular)
frìssi (first-person historic past singular)
frìtto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
frìggere (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
friggèndo (gerund)
friggènte (participle present)
frìtto (participle past)
frìggo (first-person indicative present singular)
frìggi (indicative present second-person singular)
frìgge (indicative present singular third-person)
friggiàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
friggéte (indicative plural present second-person)
frìggono (indicative plural present third-person)
friggévo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
friggévi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
friggéva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
friggevàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
friggevàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
friggévano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
frìssi (first-person historic indicative past singular)
friggésti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
frìsse (historic indicative past singular third-person)
friggémmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
friggéste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
frìssero (historic indicative past plural third-person)
friggerò (first-person future indicative singular)
friggerài (future indicative second-person singular)
friggerà (future indicative singular third-person)
friggerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
friggeréte (future indicative plural second-person)
friggerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
friggerèi (conditional first-person present singular)
friggerésti (conditional present second-person singular)
friggerèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
friggerébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
friggerémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
friggeréste (conditional plural present second-person)
friggerèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
friggerébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
frìgga (first-person present singular subjunctive)
frìgga (present second-person singular subjunctive)
frìgga (present singular subjunctive third-person)
friggiàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
friggiàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
frìggano (plural present subjunctive third-person)
friggéssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
friggéssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
friggésse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
friggéssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
friggéste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
friggéssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
frìggi (imperative second-person singular)
frìgga (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
friggiàmo (first-person imperative plural)
friggéte (imperative plural second-person)
frìggano (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
frìggere (imperative negative second-person singular)
frìgga (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
friggiàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
friggéte (imperative negative plural second-person)
frìggano (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

From Latin frīgere, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.


piping

en-noun

piping (countable and uncountable, plural pipings)

(cooking) Icing extruded from a piping bag.


dowdy

en-verb

dowdy (third-person singular simple present dowdies, present participle dowdying, simple past and past participle dowdied)

dowdies (present singular third-person)
dowdying (participle present)
dowdied (participle past)
dowdied (past)

Late 16th century. Origin uncertain: probably literally “little poorly dressed woman,” formed from doue, “poorly dressed woman.”
Possibly also related to the Scots dow, meaning to "fade".

Topping the apples with squares of dough allowed steam to escape during baking, preventing the apples from overcooking. Dowdying the crust partway through created the dessert's sweet finish.

2021, America's Test Kitchen, The Complete Cook’s Country TV Show Cookbook, page 743

(cooking, transitive) To press the crust into the filling during baking, to allow the juices to caramelize on top.


French cut

(cooking) Sliced lengthwise, making strips long and thin (e.g. French cut green beans, French [cut] fries). cf. julienne.


paio

(cooking) a Portuguese enchido with pork meat, ticker than chourizo


reduction

en-noun

reduction (countable and uncountable, plural reductions)

From Middle English reduccion, a borrowing from Old French reducion, from Latin reductiō, reductiōnem.

(cooking) The process of rapidly boiling a sauce to concentrate it.

kokoon keittäminen

cooking: process of concentrating a sauce


legs

Wine enthusiasts cherish the ritual of sniffing and swirling, scrutinizing a wine’s “legs” as they sluice down the sides of the glass, before sipping and looking for a wine’s varietal characteristics.

2023 March 24, Laura Reiley, “Could nonalcoholic wine be the toast of the town?”, in The Washington Post

(colloquial, oenology) Viscous streaks left on the inside of the glass when certain wines are swirled around before tasting.


dawet

id-noun

dawêt (plural dawet-dawet, first-person possessive dawetku, second-person possessive dawetmu, third-person possessive dawetnya)

dawêt (canonical)
dawet-dawet (plural)
dawetku (first-person possessive)
dawetmu (possessive second-person)
dawetnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦝꦮꦼꦠ꧀ (dhawet), from Old Javanese ḍawĕt.

(cooking) drink from coconut milk and melted sugar with lumps of rice-flour


ampelography

From French ampélographie, from ampelo- (“vine”) + -graphy.

She is the American apostle of Pierre Galet, a Frenchman whose internationally recognized contribution to ampelography, or the science of classifying grape vines, rests on identifying leaf design and the appearance of a vine's growing tips.

1986 August 6, Howard G. Goldberg, “Wine Talk”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page C18

Scientists are just now devising a genetic test to distinguish one rootstock from another. Until they do, the only recourse is the arcane art of ampelography, in which the vines are identified by physical appearance. Like art authenticators, ampelographers practice a craft that they would have others think is a science.

1993 October 17, Arthur Lubow, “What's Killing the Grapevines of Napa?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN

The mainstay of grapevine identification is the science of ampelography, and manuals of ampelography (Galet 1971) are the major resource for grapevine identification.

1993, Proceedings of the Eighth Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference, Volume 8, Australian Wine Research Institute, page 78

(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


pastel

pastèl (first-person possessive pastelku, second-person possessive pastelmu, third-person possessive pastelnya)

pastèl (canonical)
pastelku (first-person possessive)
pastelmu (possessive second-person)
pastelnya (possessive third-person)

From Medieval Latin pastellum (“dough, paste”), from Latin pasta (“dough, paste”), ultimately from Ancient Greek πάστη (pástē, “dough, paste”). Doublet of pasta.
* For the sense of a type of fried curry puff, from Portuguese pastel (“a type of pastry”), from above.
* For the sense of pastel, from Dutch pastel (“pastel”), from French pastel (“pastel”), from Italian pastello (“pastel”), from above.

der

(cooking) a type of fried curry puff, similar to empanada.


attenuate

en-verb

attenuate (third-person singular simple present attenuates, present participle attenuating, simple past and past participle attenuated)

attenuates (present singular third-person)
attenuating (participle present)
attenuated (participle past)
attenuated (past)

From Latin attenuāre, from attenuāt-, at- = ad- (“to”) + tenuāre (“to make thin”), tenuis (“thin”).

A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.

2009 July–August, John Palmer, “Attenuation: Advanced Brewing”, in Brew Your Own, archived from the original on 2013-10-06

(brewing) (of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol.


レンジ

(cooking) a cooker, a range, an oven or the like


fondo

→ Ottoman Turkish: فوندو (fondo)


knob

From Middle English knobbe, from Middle Low German knobbe (“knob; knot in wood”), probably via Old Saxon from a variant of Proto-Germanic *knappô (“knob, lump”), one of several kn- words related to *knuttô (“knot”).
Cognate with Dutch knob, knobbel (“knob”), German Knubbe, Knubbel (“knob”). See also knop.

բռնակ

rounded protuberance, handle, or control switch

(cooking) A dollop, an amount just larger than a spoonful (usually referring to butter).

noix

in cooking, an amount just larger than a spoonful, usually of butter


taut

en-adj

taut (comparative tauter, superlative tautest)

tauter (comparative)
tautest (superlative)

The adjective is derived from Middle English taught [and other forms], Early Middle English tohte, towehte (“strained, stretched; distended; tight; firm”), probably from tough, touth, touʒth, toʒt (“powerful, strong; fierce, violent; not tender, tough; hardy, resilient; steadfast, stout; difficult to do or endure”) and possibly influenced by togen, towen, past participle of ten (“to extend, stretch out; to drag, haul, pull, tow, tug”) (modern English tee (“(obsolete) to draw, lead; to draw away; to go, proceed”)), or directly from its etymon Old English tēon (“to drag, draw, pull”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to draw, pull”)) The word may be related to thight (“(dialectal) compact, dense; close-fitting, tight”) and tight; and is cognate with Scots tacht, taght (“taut”).
The verb is probably derived from the adjective.

nb...

toft, toght, tohte, toth, tought, touht, tout, touȝt, touʒt, towght, towht, towt, towte, toȝt, toʒte

der

Yet the 2016 Éxilé rosé from Lise et Bertrand Jousset in the Loire Valley, made mostly of gamay, was yeasty let light and lithe, while the 2016 Indigeno from Ancarani in Emilia-Romagna, made of trebbiano, was taut and earthy.

2018 March 8, Eric Asimov, “Bubbles, with joy: Pétillant Naturel’s triumphant return”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-11-13


mets

Inherited from Old French més, from Latin missum. The form was later influenced by the underlying mettre.


kipper

en-verb

kipper (third-person singular simple present kippers, present participle kippering, simple past and past participle kippered)

kippers (present singular third-person)
kippering (participle present)
kippered (participle past)
kippered (past)

From Old English cypera (“male salmon”), perhaps related to Old English coper (“reddish-brown metal”) (see copper), on resemblance of color. Another theory connects it to kip (“sharp, hooked lower jaw of the male salmon in breeding season”), from Middle English kippen (“to seize, snatch”), but OED doubts this.

inh

(cooking) To prepare (a herring or similar fish) by splitting, salting, and smoking.


gluten

en-noun

gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)

From Middle French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).

Chew on a small piece of dough, and it becomes more compact but persists as a gum-like, elastic mass, the residue that the Chinese named “the muscle of flour” and that we call gluten. It consists mainly of protein, and includes what may well be the largest protein molecules to be found in the natural world.

2004, Harold McGee, chapter 10, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner

Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results […]

2010 June 10, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian

(cooking, biochemistry) The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread.


gluten

gluten (nominative singular)
glutenu (genitive singular)
glutenowi (dative singular)
gluten (accusative singular)
glutenem (instrumental singular)
glutenie (locative singular)
glutenie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin glūten. Doublet of glut and glutyna.

(cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)


macro

1933, from macro-, from French, from Latin, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”).

While there are many aspects to this way of living, the actual “diet” focuses on whole foods, consumed in traditional methods. A typical macro bowl includes grains, beans, steamed veggies, sea vegetables, and fermented foods.

(cooking, colloquial) Clipping of macrobiotic.


rasp

From Danish raspe (“to grate”), from German.


fatigue

en-verb

fatigue (third-person singular simple present fatigues, present participle fatiguing, simple past and past participle fatigued)

fatigues (present singular third-person)
fatiguing (participle present)
fatigued (participle past)
fatigued (past)

From French fatiguer, from Latin fatīgāre (“to weary, tire, vex, harass”).

väsyä

engineering: to undergo the process of fatigue

The handsome, silver-haired proprietor was absorbed in fatiguing a salad for a family party.

1927, Dorothy L. Sayers, chapter 1, in Unnatural Death

(transitive, cooking) To wilt a salad by dressing or tossing it.

nuuduttaa

cooking: to wilt a salad by dressing or tossing it


fane

(cooking) the leaves attached to vegetables, but which are themselves not usually consumed, such as those of carrot, radishes and cauliflowers


LGBT

Initialism of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual. From earlier LGB. Attested since 1988. Used as a self-designation in United States gay rights activism since about 1990.

initialism

Whether it’s LGBT sandwiches in an era where schools in Birmingham are facing protests for teaching LGBTQ rights, or Nike promoting the fight against police brutality in the age of Trump, brands are tapping into this sense of millennial grievance.

2019 May 23, Owen Jones, “Woke-washing: how brands are cashing in on the culture wars”, in The Guardian, →ISSN

(food) A sandwich named after the sexuality-gender term, composed of lettuce, guacamole or avocado, bacon, tomato. A variant of the BLT.


yema

Borrowed from Spanish yema, from Old Spanish yema, from Latin gemma. Compare Cebuano yema / yemas.


flank

From Late Middle English flanc, from Late Old English flanc (“flank”), from Old French flanc, of Germanic origin, probably Frankish *hlanca, from Proto-Germanic *hlankō (“bend, curve, hip, flank”), from Proto-Germanic *hlankaz (“flexible, sleek, bendsome”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleng- (“to bend”). Akin to Old High German hlanca (“loin”), Middle Low German lanke (“hip joint”) (German lenken (“to bend, turn, lead”)), Old English hlanc (“loose, slender, flaccid, lank”). More at lank.

cog

(cooking) A cut of meat from the flank of an animal.


grad

grad (indefinite nominative singular)
graden (definite nominative singular)
grader (indefinite nominative plural)
graderna (definite nominative plural)
grads (genitive indefinite singular)
gradens (definite genitive singular)
graders (genitive indefinite plural)
gradernas (definite genitive plural)

Lag: 3,5 dl vatten; 0,5 äggkopp salt; 1 grad ättika.

2012 June 12, “Inlagd löksill [Pickled onion herring]”, in My little bakery

Pickle: 3.5 dl water; 0.5 egg cup salt; 1 degree acetic acid.

[…] späd 2 grader ättika med vatten till 0,5 liter.

2017 November 14, Minna Wallén-Widung, “9 oväntade sätt att använda ättika på [9 unexpected ways to use acetic acid]”, in Allas

[…] dilute 2 degrees acetic acid with water to 0.5 liters.

(cooking) A measurement of acetic acid, corresponding to 6 cl of a 24% solution or 12 cl of a 12% solution.


баба

ru-noun+

ба́ба • (bába) f anim or f inan (genitive ба́бы, nominative plural ба́бы, genitive plural баб, relational adjective ба́бий or ба́бский, diminutive бабёнка, pejorative ба́бка or бабёшка)

ба́ба (canonical)
bába (romanization)
ба́бы (genitive)
ба́бы (nominative plural)
баб (genitive plural)
ба́бий (adjective relational)
ба́бский (adjective relational)
бабёнка (diminutive)
ба́бка (pejorative)
бабёшка (pejorative)
ба́ба (nominative singular)
ба́бы (nominative plural)
ба́бы (genitive singular)
ба́б (genitive plural)
ба́бе (dative singular)
ба́бам (dative plural)
ба́бу (accusative singular)
ба́б (accusative plural)
ба́бы (accusative plural)
ба́бой (instrumental singular)
ба́бою (instrumental singular)
ба́бами (instrumental plural)
ба́бе (prepositional singular)
ба́бах (plural prepositional)
ба́б (singular vocative)
ба́ба (dated nominative singular)
ба́бы (dated nominative plural)
ба́бы (dated genitive singular)
ба́бъ (dated genitive plural)
ба́бѣ (dated dative singular)
ба́бамъ (dated dative plural)
ба́бу (accusative dated singular)
ба́бъ (accusative dated plural)
ба́бы (accusative dated plural)
ба́бой (dated instrumental singular)
ба́бою (dated instrumental singular)
ба́бами (dated instrumental plural)
ба́бѣ (dated prepositional singular)
ба́бахъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Ingrian: baaba

→ Komi-Zyrian: баба (baba)

ро́мовая ба́ба

(cooking) baba (tall, cylindrical cake), bundt cake, Gugelhupf


primo

From Latin prīmus, from earlier prīsmos < *prīsemos < Proto-Italic *priisemos.

Coordinate term: secondo

(cooking) Clipping of primo piatto; first course, starter


stuffed

en-adj

stuffed (comparative more stuffed, superlative most stuffed)

more stuffed (comparative)
most stuffed (superlative)

We're having stuffed turkey for dinner.


strata

The bread is layered with the filling to produce strata (layers).

Egg dishes, stratas, and casserole recipes are delicious for breakfast and work well in the slow cooker.

2014, Slow Cooking for Two (Mendocino Press)

(US, cooking) A kind of layered casserole dish in American cuisine.


seasoning

en-noun

seasoning (countable and uncountable, plural seasonings)

(cooking) Something used to add taste or flavour to food, such as salt and pepper or other condiment, herb or spice.


soda bread

soda bread (usually uncountable, plural soda breads)

(cooking) Bread made using sour milk and baking soda as a raising agent, rather than yeast; common in Ireland.

pa de soda

bread made using sour milk and baking soda


amaranth

amaranth (countable and uncountable, plural amaranths)

Borrowed from French amarante, or directly from its etymon Latin amarantus (the word ending influenced by plant names derived from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “a bloom, blossom, flower”)), from Ancient Greek ἀμάραντος (amárantos, “eternal, undying, unfading, unwilting; amaranth; everlasting flower”) (modern Greek αμάραντος (amárantos)), from ᾰ̓- (a-, the alpha privativum, a prefix forming words having a sense opposite to the word or stem to which it is attached) + μαραίνω (maraínō, “to shrivel, wither”) + -τος (-tos, suffix forming adjectives).

edible amaranth

Chinese amaranth, Ganges amaranth, willow-leaf amaranth; Amaranthus tricolor

They [the Aztecs] considered the plant sacred and it played a key role in many rituals. The Catholic Spaniards were particularly disturbed by the practice of mixing a little blood from human sacrifices into amaranth dough, baking it into cakes which were then broken up and eaten by the faithful. […] In the nineteenth century there were reports of rosaries being made out of the stuff, and popped amaranth, mixed with honey, is still used to make a sweet called alegria ('happiness') in Mexico.

2016, Kassia St Clair, “Amaranth”, in The Secret Lives of Colour, London: John Murray

(cooking) The seed of these plants, used as a cereal.


thriller

(beverages) A sharp, usually sweetened herbal tea flavored with a fruit or berry.


scroll

From Middle English scrowle, scrolle, from earlier scrowe, scrouwe (influenced by Middle English rolle), from Old French escroe, escrowe, escrouwe (“scroll, strip of parchment”), from Frankish *skrōda (“a shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudō, from *skrew- (“to cut; cutting tool”), extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Doublet of shred and escrow.

I ordered a glass of lemonade and a coffee scroll.

(cooking) A kind of sweet roll baked in a somewhat spiral shape.


sample

From Middle English saumple, sample, from Old French essample (“example”), from Latin exemplum. Doublet of example and exemplum.

(cooking) A small quantity of food for tasting, typically given away for free.


croquette

Borrowed from French croquette, from croquer (“to crunch”) + -ette (suffix indicating diminution). Doublet of korokke.

(cooking) A minced, cooked food (usually meat or vegetables), which is deep-fried in fat and sometimes sprinkled with breadcrumbs.


croquette

→ Catalan: croqueta

→ Dutch: kroket

→ English: croquette

→ German: Krokette

→ Portuguese: croquete

→ Spanish: croqueta

→ Turkish: kroket

From croquer (“to crunch”) + -ette, 18th c.

(cooking) croquette (minced, cooked food which is then deep-fried)


shoestring

The noun is derived from shoe + string. The adjective is derived from the noun, while the verb is derived from terms such as shoestring catch and shoestring tackle.

shoestring French fries

An object that is long and thin, like a shoestring (sense 1).

(cooking) A long, narrow cut of a food; a julienne.

жулиен

long, narrow cut of a food — see also julienne


oregano

Borrowed from Spanish orégano, from Latin orīganum, from Ancient Greek ὀρίγανον (oríganon).

Origanum vulgare
Origanum vulgare#Translingual

(cooking) oregano: the leaves of Origanum vulgare used as food


battre

battre (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
battant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
battu (participle past)
bats (first-person indicative present singular)
bats (indicative present second-person singular)
bat (indicative present singular third-person)
battons (first-person indicative plural present)
battez (indicative plural present second-person)
battent (indicative plural present third-person)
battais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
battais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
battait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
battions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
battiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
battaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
battis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
battis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
battit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
battîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
battîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
battirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
battrai (first-person future indicative singular)
battras (future indicative second-person singular)
battra (future indicative singular third-person)
battrons (first-person future indicative plural)
battrez (future indicative plural second-person)
battront (future indicative plural third-person)
battrais (conditional first-person singular)
battrais (conditional second-person singular)
battrait (conditional singular third-person)
battrions (conditional first-person plural)
battriez (conditional plural second-person)
battraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
batte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
battes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
batte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
battions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
battiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
battent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
battisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
battisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
battît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
battissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
battissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
battissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bats (imperative second-person singular)
battons (first-person imperative plural)
battez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French battre, from Old French batre, from Latin battere, from earlier battuere.


patent

en-adj

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

more patent (comparative)
most patent (superlative)

From Middle English patent, patente (“wide open; clear, unobstructed; unlimited; of a document: available for public inspection”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patent (modern French patent), and directly from their etymon Latin patēns (“open; accessible, passable; evident, manifest; exposed, vulnerable”), the present active participle of pateō (“to be open; to be accessible, attainable; to be exposed, vulnerable; of frontiers or land: to extent, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”).

der

[pʰe̞ɪʔn̩t̚]

(baking) Of flour: fine, and consisting mostly of the inner part of the endosperm of the grain from which it is milled.


boba

id-noun

boba (plural boba-boba, first-person possessive bobaku, second-person possessive bobamu, third-person possessive bobanya)

boba-boba (plural)
bobaku (first-person possessive)
bobamu (possessive second-person)
bobanya (possessive third-person)

From English boba, from the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 波霸 (bōbà), from Cantonese 波霸 (bo1 baa3, “large breasts, tapioca pearls”), from 波 (bo1) transcribing English ball and 霸 (baa3, “chief, top”).


spring chicken

From spring + chicken. First appears c. 1765 in The Public Advertiser.

(cooking) A chicken for eating while it is still young.


temper

en-verb

temper (third-person singular simple present tempers, present participle tempering, simple past and past participle tempered)

tempers (present singular third-person)
tempering (participle present)
tempered (participle past)
tempered (past)

From Middle English temperen, tempren, from Old English ġetemprian, temprian, borrowed from Latin temperō (“I divide or proportion duly, I moderate, I regulate; intransitive senses I am moderate, I am temperate”), from tempus (“time, fit season”). Compare also French tempérer. Doublet of tamper. See temporal.

der

(cooking) To adjust the temperature of an ingredient (e.g. eggs or chocolate) gradually so that it remains smooth and pleasing.