spring

en-noun

spring (countable and uncountable, plural springs)

Arlington Springs Man
Beijing Spring
Berber Spring
Croatian Spring
Damascus Spring
Operation Spring Awakening
Operation Spring Cleanup
Operation Spring of Youth
Prague Spring
Spring Palace
Spring of Nations
Springbal
Springfest
The Spring Offensive
spring

From Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”); partly from Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”), from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”); and partly from Old English spryng (“a jump”), from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”). Further senses derived from the verb and from clippings of day-spring, springtime, spring tide, etc. Its sense as the season, first attested in a work predating 1325, gradually replaced Middle English lente, lentin, from Old English lencten (“spring, Lent”) as that word became more specifically liturgical. Compare fall.

ааԥын

season between winter and summer in temperate climates

(countable) Something which springs, springs forth, springs up, or springs back, particularly

(oceanography, obsolete) The rising of the sea at high tide.

(oceanography) Ellipsis of spring tide, the especially high tide shortly after full and new moons.


abyss

abysses (plural)
abysm (alternative archaic)
abyssus (alternative archaic)
abime (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”). Displaced native Old English neowolnes.


polynya

en-noun

polynya (plural polynyas or (rare) polynyi)

polynyas (plural)
polynyi (plural rare)
polyna (alternative)
polynia (alternative)

Borrowed from Russian полынья́ (polynʹjá, “polynya”) in the 1850s, from Middle Russian полыньѧ (polynʹja) (att. in 1639), from полыи (polyi, “open from above, uncovered; hollow”), whence also Russian полый (polyj, “hollow”), from Old East Slavic полъ (polŭ, “uncovered”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). The rare plural form polynyi is borrowed from Russian полыньи́ (polynʹí).

der

We immediately ascended a hill, and saw that the supposed land was nothing but hummocks of ice, piled up beyond a large Polynia, or space of open water, which extended from east to west, as far as the eye could reach.

1844, Ferdinand von Wrangell, chapter V, in Edward Sabine, editor, Narrative of an Expedition to the Polar Sea […], 2nd edition, London: James Madden and Co., […], →OCLC, pages 102–103:

Hoping to reach the starting-place in the early season of navigation, he intends to follow his course of travel nearly upon a meridional line, which would, it is believed, lead him to the Polynya—a mare liberum, or such, comparatively speaking—within its formidable borderings of the thick-ribbed ice.

1853 June, “The Polar Seas and Sir John Franklin”, in Putnam's Magazine, volume I, number VI, New York, N.Y.: GP Putnam & Co. […]; London: Sampson Low, Son & Co., →OCLC, page 635, column 2:

Dr. [Ian] Stirling pointed out that colonies of nesting sea-birds were an indicator of permanent polynias and that the productivity studies in such polynias might prove interesting.

1980, “Summary of the Meeting”, in Polar Bears […], Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, →ISBN, paragraph 9, page 23:

Polynas play an important role in heat transfer from the oceans to the atmosphere, ice production, the formation of dense shelf water, spring disintegration of sea ice, phytoplankton and zooplankton production, and the distribution of higher trophic animals such as cephalopods, fish, birds, seals, and cetaceans.

2006, George A. Knox, “The Southern Ocean”, in Biology of the Southern Ocean (Marine Biology Series), 2nd edition, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, section 1.6, page 11, column 1:

Researchers now plan to compare their routes with satellite images and see whether the owls stayed around the polynas, where snowy owls have been seen, picking off eiders swimming in the open water.

2008 June 20, Jane George, “‘We’ve had the biggest surprises and more questions are coming out.’: The secret life of snowy owls”, in Nunatsiaq News, archived from the original on 2018-12-29:

Below the glacier, within the polynya, two rivers flow, a river of salt and a river of earth.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 237:

(hydrology, oceanography) A naturally formed transient area of open water surrounded by sea ice, especially in polar or subpolar seas.

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

National Aeronautics and Space Administration


c

(oceanography, meteorology) The speed of a fluid wave (water or air).


gyre

Borrowed from Latin gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle; ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend; to curve”). The English word is a doublet of gyro and gyrus.

Most ships that tried to cross the Pacific in the past would get stuck in the gyres and never make it out.

(oceanography) An ocean current caused by wind which moves in a circular manner, especially one that is large-scale and observed in a major ocean.


CCD

en-noun

CCD (countable and uncountable, plural CCDs)

Charge-coupled device
Colony Collapse Disorder

carbonate compensation depth
w:carbonate compensation depth

(oceanography) Initialism of carbonate compensation depth.


tsunami

(oceanography) tsunami (very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption; often a series of waves (a wave train))


messenger

From Middle English messengere, messingere, messangere, from Old French messanger, a variant of Old French messagier (French messager), equivalent to message + -er. Doublet of messager.
Displaced native Old English boda (“messenger, envoy”) and ǣrendraca (“messenger, ambassador”).
For the replacement of -ager with -enger, -inger, -anger, compare passenger, harbinger, scavenger, porringer. This development may have been merely the addition of n, or it may have resulted due to contamination from other suffixes such as Middle English -ing and the rare Old French -ange, -enc, -inge, -inghe (“-ing”) for Old French -age (“-age”).

(oceanography) A weight dropped down a line to close a Nansen bottle.


rosette

Etymology tree
Proto-Iranian *wardahder.?
Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon)bor.?
Latin rosalbor.
Old French rose
Latin -ittus
Old French -ete
Old French rosete
Middle French rosettebor.
Middle French rosette
French rosetteinflu.
English rosette
Borrowed from Middle French rosette (in sense 15) and (modern) French rosette.

розетка

architecture: element or ornament resembling a rose

розетка

imitation of a rose made of ribbon or other material


celerity

en-noun

celerity (usually uncountable, plural celerities)

From Old French celeritee (compare French célérité), from Latin celeritas, from celer (“fast, swift”).

(oceanography, meteorology) The speed of an individual wave (as opposed to the speed of groups of waves); often denoted c.

(hydrology) The speed with which a perturbation to the flow propagates through the flow domain.


tidal wave

(oceanography) A crest of ocean water resulting from tidal forces.

golf

oceanography: crest of ocean water resulting from tidal forces


津波

→ Danish: tsunami c

→ English: tsunami

→ Portuguese: tsunami m

→ Russian: цуна́ми n (cunámi)

→ Turkish: tsunami

Compound of 津 (tsu, “cove, inlet, outlet”) + 波 (nami, “wave”).
Attested since at least the 甲陽軍鑑 (Kōyō Gunkan) of the early 1600s.

津波警報

津波警報 つなみけいほう

1999 December 1, “海竜神(リバイアサン) [Leviathan]”, in BOOSTER 6, Konami:

A sea dragon known as the Lord of the Sea. He swallows everything and causes tsunami.

海の主と呼ばれる海のドラゴン。津波をおこして全てを飲み込む。

Umi no Nushi to yobareru umi no doragon. Tsunami o okoshite subete o nomikomu.


megatsunami

en-noun

megatsunami (plural megatsunamis or megatsunami)

megatsunamis (plural)
megatsunami (plural)

/ˌmɛɡəsuːˈnɑːmi/

(oceanography) An extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly.

мегацуна́ми

extremely large wave caused by an avalanche or landslide


megatsunami

(oceanography) megatsunami (an extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly)


ooze

ooze (countable and uncountable, plural oozes)

From Middle English wose, from Old English wāse (“mud, mire”), from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *waisǭ (compare Dutch waas (“haze, mist; bloom”), (obsolete) German Wasen (“turf, sod”), Old Norse veisa (“slime, stagnant pool”)), from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to flow”) (compare Sanskrit विष्यति (viṣyati, “flow, let loose”)). More at virus.

cog

Seaweed were left on the blackened marble, while the salt ooze defaced the matchless works of art.

1826, [Mary Shelley], The Last Man. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

(oceanography) A pelagic marine sediment containing a significant amount of the microscopic remains of either calcareous or siliceous planktonic debris organisms.


knoll

From Middle English knol, knolle, from Old English cnoll (“summit”), from Proto-Germanic *knudan-, *knudla-, *knulla- (“lump”), possibly related to cnotta.
Related to Old Norse knollr (found only in names of places), Dutch knol (“tuber”), Swedish knöl (“tuber”), Danish knold (“hillock, clod, tuber”) and German Knolle (“bulb”).

(oceanography) A rounded, underwater hill with a prominence of less than 1,000 metres, which does not breach the water's surface.


ridge

ridges (plural)
rig (alternative dialectal)

From Middle English rigge, rygge, (also rig, ryg, rug), from Old English hryċġ (“back, spine, ridge, elevated surface”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrugi, from Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“back”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krewk-, *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).
Cognate with Scots rig (“back, spine, ridge”), North Frisian reg (“back”), West Frisian rêch (“back”), Dutch rug (“back, ridge”), German Rücken (“back, ridge”), Swedish rygg (“back, spine, ridge”), Icelandic hryggur (“spine”). Cognate to Albanian kërrus (“to bend one's back”) and kurriz (“back”).

inh

(oceanography) A long narrow elevation on an ocean bottom.


doldrums

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

From obsolete doldrum (“slothful or stupid person”) plus the plural suffix -s. Doldrum is possibly derived from dull or Middle English dold (past participle of dullen, dollen (“to make or become blunt or dull; to make or become dull-witted or stupid; to make or become inactive”), from dul, dol, dolle (“not sharp, blunt, dull; not quick-witted, stupid; lethargic, sluggish”); see further at dull), modelled after tantrum.

Mr. Ralph Abercromby has made special observations on the upper wind currents over the equator in the Atlantic Ocean. [...] With respect to the general circulation of the atmosphere we know that the surface trades either die out at the doldrums or unite into one moderate east current; that the low and middle currents over the doldrums are very variable, but that the winds at these low and middle levels, 2,000 to 20,000 feet, come usually from the southeast over the northeast trade, and from the northeast over the southeast trade, and that the highest currents—over 20,000 feet—move from east over the doldrums, from southwest over the northeast trade, and from northwest over the southeast trade.

1890, George E. Curtis, “[General Appendix to the Smithsonian Report for 1889] Progress of Meteorology in 1889”, in Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, Showing the Operations, Expenditures, and Condition of the Institution to July, 1889, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, section VII (Winds and Ocean Currents; General Atmospheric Circulation), page 245:

Hurricanes are known to develop in the belt of doldrums in the southern North Atlantic Ocean and also in the western Caribbean Sea when the Pacific doldrum belt extends into that area. However, many tropical storms of the Gulf, Caribbean, and southern North Atlantic have not with certainty been traced to a place of origin, and it cannot be said with assurance that they do not develop occasionally in other areas.

1938, I[van] R[ay] Tannehill, “Places of Origin”, in The Hurricane: (Revised 1938) (United States Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication; no. 197), Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, published February 1939, →OCLC, page 2, column 2:

[...] The High Encounter entered the doldrums near the equator, where the ship ended up in the captain's effort to avoid the British. Without wind to move the ship, The High Encounter waffled in the slow-moving sea.

2001, Douglas Berry, chapter 41, in A Ship Called Grace, Lincoln, Neb.: Writer’s Showcase, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 313:

(nautical, oceanography, by extension) Usually preceded by the: a part of the ocean near the equator where calms, squalls, and light, baffling winds are common.


hauta

hauta (nominative singular)
haudat (nominative plural)
hauta (accusative nominative singular)
haudat (accusative nominative plural)
haudan (accusative genitive singular)
haudat (accusative genitive plural)
haudan (genitive singular)
hautojen (genitive plural)
hautain (genitive plural rare)
hautaa (partitive singular)
hautoja (partitive plural)
haudassa (inessive singular)
haudoissa (inessive plural)
haudasta (elative singular)
haudoista (elative plural)
hautaan (illative singular)
hautoihin (illative plural)
haudalla (adessive singular)
haudoilla (adessive plural)
haudalta (ablative singular)
haudoilta (ablative plural)
haudalle (allative singular)
haudoille (allative plural)
hautana (essive singular)
hautoina (essive plural)
haudaksi (singular translative)
haudoiksi (plural translative)
haudatta (abessive singular)
haudoitta (abessive plural)
haudoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hautani (nominative singular)
hautani (nominative plural)
hautani (accusative nominative singular)
hautani (accusative nominative plural)
hautani (accusative genitive singular)
hautani (accusative genitive plural)
hautani (genitive singular)
hautojeni (genitive plural)
hautaini (genitive plural rare)
hautaani (partitive singular)
hautojani (partitive plural)
haudassani (inessive singular)
haudoissani (inessive plural)
haudastani (elative singular)
haudoistani (elative plural)
hautaani (illative singular)
hautoihini (illative plural)
haudallani (adessive singular)
haudoillani (adessive plural)
haudaltani (ablative singular)
haudoiltani (ablative plural)
haudalleni (allative singular)
haudoilleni (allative plural)
hautanani (essive singular)
hautoinani (essive plural)
haudakseni (singular translative)
haudoikseni (plural translative)
haudattani (abessive singular)
haudoittani (abessive plural)
hautoineni (comitative plural)
hautasi (nominative singular)
hautasi (nominative plural)
hautasi (accusative nominative singular)
hautasi (accusative nominative plural)
hautasi (accusative genitive singular)
hautasi (accusative genitive plural)
hautasi (genitive singular)
hautojesi (genitive plural)
hautaisi (genitive plural rare)
hautaasi (partitive singular)
hautojasi (partitive plural)
haudassasi (inessive singular)
haudoissasi (inessive plural)
haudastasi (elative singular)
haudoistasi (elative plural)
hautaasi (illative singular)
hautoihisi (illative plural)
haudallasi (adessive singular)
haudoillasi (adessive plural)
haudaltasi (ablative singular)
haudoiltasi (ablative plural)
haudallesi (allative singular)
haudoillesi (allative plural)
hautanasi (essive singular)
hautoinasi (essive plural)
haudaksesi (singular translative)
haudoiksesi (plural translative)
haudattasi (abessive singular)
haudoittasi (abessive plural)
hautoinesi (comitative plural)
hautamme (nominative singular)
hautamme (nominative plural)
hautamme (accusative nominative singular)
hautamme (accusative nominative plural)
hautamme (accusative genitive singular)
hautamme (accusative genitive plural)
hautamme (genitive singular)
hautojemme (genitive plural)
hautaimme (genitive plural rare)
hautaamme (partitive singular)
hautojamme (partitive plural)
haudassamme (inessive singular)
haudoissamme (inessive plural)
haudastamme (elative singular)
haudoistamme (elative plural)
hautaamme (illative singular)
hautoihimme (illative plural)
haudallamme (adessive singular)
haudoillamme (adessive plural)
haudaltamme (ablative singular)
haudoiltamme (ablative plural)
haudallemme (allative singular)
haudoillemme (allative plural)
hautanamme (essive singular)
hautoinamme (essive plural)
haudaksemme (singular translative)
haudoiksemme (plural translative)
haudattamme (abessive singular)
haudoittamme (abessive plural)
hautoinemme (comitative plural)
hautanne (nominative singular)
hautanne (nominative plural)
hautanne (accusative nominative singular)
hautanne (accusative nominative plural)
hautanne (accusative genitive singular)
hautanne (accusative genitive plural)
hautanne (genitive singular)
hautojenne (genitive plural)
hautainne (genitive plural rare)
hautaanne (partitive singular)
hautojanne (partitive plural)
haudassanne (inessive singular)
haudoissanne (inessive plural)
haudastanne (elative singular)
haudoistanne (elative plural)
hautaanne (illative singular)
hautoihinne (illative plural)
haudallanne (adessive singular)
haudoillanne (adessive plural)
haudaltanne (ablative singular)
haudoiltanne (ablative plural)
haudallenne (allative singular)
haudoillenne (allative plural)
hautananne (essive singular)
hautoinanne (essive plural)
haudaksenne (singular translative)
haudoiksenne (plural translative)
haudattanne (abessive singular)
haudoittanne (abessive plural)
hautoinenne (comitative plural)
hautansa (nominative singular)
hautansa (nominative plural)
hautansa (accusative nominative singular)
hautansa (accusative nominative plural)
hautansa (accusative genitive singular)
hautansa (accusative genitive plural)
hautansa (genitive singular)
hautojensa (genitive plural)
hautainsa (genitive plural rare)
hautaansa (partitive singular)
hautojaan (partitive plural)
hautojansa (partitive plural)
haudassaan (inessive singular)
haudassansa (inessive singular)
haudoissaan (inessive plural)
haudoissansa (inessive plural)
haudastaan (elative singular)
haudastansa (elative singular)
haudoistaan (elative plural)
haudoistansa (elative plural)
hautaansa (illative singular)
hautoihinsa (illative plural)
haudallaan (adessive singular)
haudallansa (adessive singular)
haudoillaan (adessive plural)
haudoillansa (adessive plural)
haudaltaan (ablative singular)
haudaltansa (ablative singular)
haudoiltaan (ablative plural)
haudoiltansa (ablative plural)
haudalleen (allative singular)
haudallensa (allative singular)
haudoilleen (allative plural)
haudoillensa (allative plural)
hautanaan (essive singular)
hautanansa (essive singular)
hautoinaan (essive plural)
hautoinansa (essive plural)
haudakseen (singular translative)
haudaksensa (singular translative)
haudoikseen (plural translative)
haudoiksensa (plural translative)
haudattaan (abessive singular)
haudattansa (abessive singular)
haudoittaan (abessive plural)
haudoittansa (abessive plural)
hautoineen (comitative plural)
hautoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈhɑ̝u̯t̪ɑ̝]

From Proto-Finnic *hauta, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sauþaz.

Mariaanien hauta

(oceanography) trench (long, steep-sided, narrow depression in the ocean floor)


SSL

sound scattering layer
sound scattering layer#English

(oceanography) Initialism of sound scattering layer.


DSL

deep scattering layer
deep scattering layer#English

(oceanography) Initialism of deep scattering layer.


мегацунами

bg-noun

мегацуна́ми • (megacunámi) n

мегацуна́ми (canonical)
megacunámi (romanization)
мегацуна́ми (indefinite singular)
мегацуна́мита (indefinite plural)
мегацуна́мито (definite singular)
мегацуна́митата (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

мегацуна́ми<>


мегацунами

ru-noun

мегацуна́ми • (megacunámi) n inan (indeclinable)

мегацуна́ми (canonical)
megacunámi (romanization)

[ˌmʲeɡət͡sʊˈnamʲɪ]


мегацунами

sh-noun

мегацунами m (Latin spelling megacunami)


upsweep

(oceanography) The unidentified sound detected on the American NOAA's equatorial autonomous hydrophone arrays, consisting of a long train of narrow-band upsweeping sounds of several seconds in duration.


ria

Alteration of rio (“river”), or borrowed from Spanish ría.

(hydrography) ria (rugged coastal inlet)

(hydrography) branch; inlet (body of water extending from or flowing into a larger one)


банка

uk-noun

((ба́нка<*>,ба́нка<c*>))

ба́нка • (bánka) f inan (genitive ба́нки, nominative plural ба́нки or банки́, genitive plural ба́нок or бано́к)

ба́нка (canonical)
bánka (romanization)
ба́нки (genitive)
ба́нки (nominative plural)
банки́ (nominative plural)
ба́нок (genitive plural)
бано́к (genitive plural)
ба́нка (nominative singular)
ба́нки (nominative plural)
банки́ (nominative plural)
ба́нки (genitive singular)
ба́нок (genitive plural)
бано́к (genitive plural)
ба́нці (dative singular)
ба́нкам (dative plural)
банка́м (dative plural)
ба́нку (accusative singular)
ба́нки (accusative plural)
банки́ (accusative plural)
ба́нкою (instrumental singular)
ба́нками (instrumental plural)
банка́ми (instrumental plural)
ба́нці (locative singular)
ба́нках (locative plural)
банка́х (locative plural)
ба́нко (singular vocative)
ба́нки (plural vocative)
банки́ (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

((ба́нка<*>,ба́нка<c*>))

Borrowed from Russian ба́нка (bánka), from German Bank or Dutch bank. Doublet of банк (bank).

(oceanography, hydrology) bank (an elevation, or rising ground, under the sea)


scroll bar

scroll bars (plural)
scrollbar (alternative)

(hydrography) A sandbar on the inside of a riverbend.


grau

→ Spanish: grao


megacunami

sh-noun

megacunami m (Cyrillic spelling мегацунами)

мегацунами (Cyrillic)


Kuroshio

/ˌkʊəɹəʊˈʃiːəʊ/

Borrowed from the romaji transcription of Japanese 黒潮 (Kuroshio, “Black Tide”).

Kuro Shio (alternative)
Kuro Siwo (alternative)
Kurosiwo (alternative)

Between Fatsisio and Mikura a current to the eastward is marked, called the Kuro Siwo Stream.

1851, Alexander G. Findlay, A directory for the navigation of the Pacific Ocean; with description of its coasts, islands, etc., from the Strait of Magalhaens to the Arctic Sea, and those of Asia and Australia; its winds, currents, and other phenomena. Part I. The coasts of the Pacific Ocean, London: R. H. Laurie, page 635:

Still less must we forget the mighty river in the sea—the Kuroshio, or “Black Current”—which, flowing northwards from the direction of Formosa and the Philippine Islands, warms the southern and south-eastern coasts of Japan much as the Gulf Stream warms the coasts of western Europe.

1890, Basil Hall Chamberlain, Things Japanese: Being Notes on Various Subjects Connected with Japan, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., page 134:

(oceanography, usually with "~ Current") The oceanic current forming the swift, warm, northward-flowing western quarter of the North Pacific Gyre.


aphotic zone

(oceanography) That part of the deep body of an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to be possible.

無光帶 /无光带

that part an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis


aphotic

en-adj

aphotic (comparative more aphotic, superlative most aphotic)

more aphotic (comparative)
most aphotic (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-aphotic.wav

From a- (prefix meaning ‘not; without; opposite of’) + photic.

prefix

As experiment has shown that light waves capable of effecting chemical changes do not penetrate the water deeper than 400 meters and as the other conditions of assimilation are met above this line, it is proposed to distinguish a diaphanic region including the land and the water to a depth of 400 m. and inhabited by assimilating organisms and an aphotic region including the ocean and lakes below the assimilation-line and the dark caves of the crust, where plant life is impossible.

1894 November–December, E. C. Quereau, “Einleitung in die Geologie als historische Wissenschaft. By Johannes Walther. Jena, 1893–4. [book review]”, in The Journal of Geology, volume II, number 8, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 857–858:

We have bacteria classified as aërobic and anaërobic, according as they thrive with or without access of air. We need to classify bacteria as photic and aphotic.

1894 July 2, Julius Nelson, The Use of Koch’s Lymph in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis of Cattle (New Jersey Agricultural College Experiment Station Bulletin; 101), [North Brunswick, N.J.]: [New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station], →OCLC, § 2 (What is Known about Tuberculosis), page 12:

Photographically the light of the sun is detectable in exceptionally clear-water tropical seas to a depth of about 2,000 feet, but Johnstone places the average depth for all waters at 650 feet, beyond which there is more or less of total darkness, the aphotic realm.

1910 June, Charles Schuchert, “Biologic Principles of Paleogeography”, in J[ames] McKeen Cattell, editor, The Popular Science Monthly, volume LXXVI, New York, N.Y.: The Science Press, →OCLC, page 596:

Respiration and organic matter decomposition occur through the water column, and depending on the amount of organic matter present and the extent of wind-mixing, can deplete the dissolved oxygen supply in aphotic (unlighted) layers.

1981, Bruce L. Kimmell, “The Ecological Role(s) of Aquatic Micro-organisms in Lakes and Reservoirs”, in Phillip E. Greeson, editor, Microbiology of the Aquatic Environment (Briefing Papers on Water Quality; Geological Survey Circular; 848-E), [Reston, Va.]: United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, →OCLC, page E5, column 2:

Large systems can always be subdivided. A large lake, for example, will have a surface photic environment, an aphotic system on the lakebed and a coastal system at the land–water interface.

2000, Adrian McDonald, “Ecosystems and Their Management”, in Ashley Kent, editor, Reflective Practice in Geography Teaching, London, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Paul Chapman Publishing, SAGE Publications, →ISBN, part 1 (Progress in Geography: Changing Viewpoints), page 11:

Although algae are frequently found below the photic zone, because of circulation or settling, they are not photosynthesizing under such conditions. In the aphotic, profundal zone food resources are provided exclusively through secondary productivity, consumption of settling detritus (or the organisms that feed on such detritus), and microbial food resources.

2003, Andrew S. Cohen, “The Biological Environment of Lakes”, in Paleolimnology: The History and Evolution of Lake Systems, Oxford, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 96, column 2:

The deep aphotic zone accounts for the largest portion (90%) of the marine benthic environment. Owing to the lack of solar energy, vegetation and photosynthetic primary production are largely nonexistent and food webs are mainly driven by heterotrophy. [...] A special mode of nutrition in the aphotic benthic zone is chemoautotrophy. Here chemoautotrophic bacteria and archaea replace photosynthetic primary production by using geothermally produced inorganic energy as a food source near deep sea vents and cold seeps.

2018, Birte Matthiessen, Franziska Julie Werner, Matthias Paulsen, “Ecological Organization of the Sea”, in Markus Salomon, Till Markus, editors, Handbook on Marine Environment Protection: Science, Impacts and Sustainable Management, volume 1, Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, part I (Nature Science Basics), section 2.3.2 (Aphotic (Dark) Oceanic Benthic Zone), page 53:

(biology, oceanography) Describing that part of deep lakes and oceans where less than one per cent of sunlight penetrates and where photosynthesis is not possible.


mid-ocean ridge

en-noun

mid-ocean ridge (plural mid-ocean ridges)

(geology, oceanography) any of an interconnected system of broad submarine rises formed by plate tectonics


seamount

(oceanography) An underwater mountain with a prominence of more than 1,000 meters, which does not breach the surface of the water.


guyot

Coined by Harry Hammond Hess circa 1965 due to their similar appearance to Guyot Hall, the flat-topped geology building at Princeton University, which was in turn named after Swiss-American geologist Arnold Henry Guyot.

It was scored everywhere with canyons, trenches and crevasses and dotted with volcanic seamounts that he called guyots after an earlier Princeton geologist named Arnold Guyot.

2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, page 158:

Arnold Henry Guyot
Harry Hammond Hess
Princeton University
guyot


continental shelf

continental shelf (plural continental shelves)

(oceanography) The outer area of a land mass covered by a shallow sea that extends into open ocean.


高潮

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² tio¹³/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² tio¹³/

You can't walk along this beach at high tide.

Gāocháo shí nǐ bùnéng zài zhège hǎitān sànbù.

高潮時你不能在這個海灘散步。

高潮时你不能在这个海滩散步。

(oceanography) high tide; high water (Classifier: 個／个; 次)


高潮

ja-noun

高(こう)潮(ちょう) • (kōchō) ^(←かうてう (kauteu)?)

高潮 (canonical)
kōchō (romanization)
kauteu (romanization)
たかしお (alternative hiragana)
takashio (Rōmaji)
たかしほ (hiragana historical)
かうてう (hiragana historical)

[ko̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

高潮警報

高潮警報 たかしおけいほう


eustasy

eustasies (plural)
eustacy (alternative)

A back-formation from eustatic (borrowed from German eustatische (“eustatic”), from Ancient Greek εὖ (eû, “well, good”) + στάσις (stásis, “standing”)) + -y.

The age of the dunal or other deposits, formed on it after the sea had begun to withdraw, in accordance with the theory of glacial eustasy, and which I have named Berardian, is, however, the crucial thing here.

1946, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volumes 76–77, London: The Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 116, column 1:

Takai, F., and Tsuchi, R. 1963 The Quaternary: In "Geology of Japan," Univ. Calif. Press: 173–196 / […] From these facts, it is inferred that the main coastal terraces were probably formed due to glacial eustacy.

1965, Horace G. Richards, Rhodes W[hitmore] Fairbridge, Annotated Bibliography of Quaternary Shorelines (1945–1964): Prepared for the VII International Congress of International Association for Quaternary Research (INQUA) Meeting at Boulder, Colorado, August 30 – September 5, 1965 (Special Publication; 6), Philadelphia, Pa.: Academy of Natural Sciences, →OCLC, page 250:

The range in elevation suggests that the sea level was not constant during the formation of the caves and that the rise of land – perhaps counterbalanced periodically by glacial eustacies – was probably continuous.

1968, Asian Perspectives: A Journal of Archaeology and Prehistory of Asia and the Pacific, volume 12, Honolulu, Hi.: University Press of Hawaii, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 133, column 2:

Although the origin of these long-term accommodation changes is difficult to assess, we conclude that basin tectonism is responsible for these changes in most of our examples. Long-term eustasy plays a secondary role, according to our analysis.

1993, Stephen M. Greenlee, Patrick J. Lehmann, “Stratigraphic Framework of Productive Carbonate Buildups”, in Robert G. Loucks, J. Frederick Sarg, editors, Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy: Recent Developments and Applications (AAPG Memoir; 57), Tulsa, Okla.: The American Association of Petroleum Geologists, →ISBN, abstract, page 43:

Glaciation, by oversteepening slopes, and by subsequent isostatic rebound, greatly enhances crevice cave and talus cave formation. Glacial eustasy and isostatic rebound form, and then preserve, sea caves.

2015, M. P. Cooper, J[ohn] E. Mylroie, “Pseudokarst and Non-dissolutional Caves”, in Glaciation and Speleogenesis: Interpretations from the Northeastern United States (Cave and Karst Systems of the World), Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland, →DOI, →ISBN, part II (Cave and Karst Regions of the Northeastern US), abstract, page 49:

In summary, because modern continental settings lack a hydrology suitable for supplying huge volumes of brine, sufficient to form a megasalt deposit, neither modern sabkhas or salinas are directly relevant to the formation of the hydrologies and eustasies needed to deposit the huge masses of ancient marine-fed subaqueous salts detailed in Chap. 5.

2016, John K. Warren, “Subaqueous Salts: Salinas and Perennial Lakes”, in Evaporites: A Geological Compendium, 2nd edition, Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland, →DOI, →ISBN, page 380:

(geology, oceanography) A worldwide change in sea level, especially one caused by melting ice or tectonic activity.


sverdrup

From Norwegian Sverdrup. After Harald Sverdrup (1888–1957), Norwegian oceanographer and meteorologist.

(metrology, oceanography) A unit of measure of volume transport, used in oceanography, equal to 1 million cubic metres per second. Symbol: Sv


run-up

run-ups (plural)
runup (alternative)
run up (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-run-up.wav

I found sand pushed all the way to the edge of my home by the run-up of Wednesday's tsunami.

Historical records of tsunamis in this region are available for the last 400 years, and the run-up heights of historical tsunamis at Koyadori were estimated and measured"

2019, Daisuke Ishimura, Keitaro Yamada, “Palaeo-tsunami inundation distances deduced from roundness of gravel particles in tsunami deposits”, in Scientific Reports, volume 9, →DOI, page 2:

(oceanography) The extent of a wave's reach onto land as the result of a tsunami or storm such as a cyclone.


étage

→ Czech: etáž

→ Bulgarian: етаж (etaž)

→ Danish: etage

→ Dutch: etage

→ Esperanto: etaĝo

→ German: Etage

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: etasje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: etasje

→ Romanian: etaj

→ Russian: этаж (etaž)

From Old French estage: ester + -age (see also stage), or possibly from a Vulgar Latin *stāticum, from Latin stāre.

L'étage infralittoral est situé en dessous des basses mers de vive-eau.

The ocean bed close to the shore is under low seas at spring tide


Mariana Trench

(oceanography) A submarine trench in the North Pacific Ocean, noted for having the deepest known point on Earth.


microstructure

en-noun

microstructure (countable and uncountable, plural microstructures)

(meteorology, oceanography) Fine-scale structure in such variables as temperature, salinity, velocity, etc.


mediterranean sea

mediterranean sea (plural mediterranean seas)

PIE word
 *médʰyos
The word mediterranean is from Latin mediterrāneus (“inland, remote from the coast”) + English -an (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘of or pertaining to’). Mediterrāneus is derived from medius (“middle”) + terra (“dry land, ground”), modelled after Ancient Greek μεσόγαιος (mesógaios, “located in the midst of land”). The English word is cognate with Middle French méditerranéen (modern French méditerranéen), Italian mediterraneo, Spanish mediterráneo.

der

To this day they haue not diſouered at the Indies any Mediterranean Sea, as in Europe, Aſia, and Affrica, into the which there enters ſome arme of this great Sea, and makes diſtinct Seas, taking their names from the Prouinces they waſh: and almoſt all of the Mediterranean Seas continue and ioyne together, and with the Ocean it ſelfe, by the ſtraight of Gibraltar, which the Ancients called, the Pillers of Hercules, […]

1604, Joseph Acosta [i.e., José de Acosta], “Of the Ocean that Invirons the Indies, and of the North and South Seas”, in E[dward] G[rimeston], transl., The Naturall and Morall Historie of the East and West Indies. […], London: Printed by Val[entine] Sims for Edward Blount and William Aspley, →OCLC, 3rd book; quoted in [Samuel] Purchas, “Obseruations Gathered out of the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Bookes of Iosephvs Acosta, […] Touching the Naturall Historie of the Heauens, Ayre, Water, and Earth at the West Indies. […]”, in Pvrchas His Pilgrimes. […], 3rd part, London: Printed by William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone, […], 1625, →OCLC, § II, page 928:

This will account for the Caſpian Sea being always at a Stand, and neither waſting or overflowing; and alſo for the Current ſaid to ſet always in at the Streights of Gibraltar, notwithſtanding that thoſe Mediterranean''' ſeas receive ſo many, and ſo conſiderable Rivers.

1733, Philip Miller, “SUN”, in The Gardeners Dictionary: […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC, column 1:

[I]t [the German Sea or North Sea] enlarges more and more, and forms the Baltic, which is a mediterranean sea, extending, from south to north, near 300 leagues, if the Gulf of Bothnia, which is a continuation of it, be comprehended.

1856, George Louis Le Clerc [i.e., Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon], “Article XI. Of Seas and Lakes.”, in William Smellie, transl., A Natural History, General and Particular; […] Translated from the French […], new edition, volume I, London: Thomas Kelly, […], →OCLC, page 75:

A strait is the narrow part of the sea which separates two continents or islands, or an island from the mainland, or forms the opening into a mediterranean sea; […] The islands of the land correspond to the inland seas, the peninsulas to the mediterranean seas and gulfs, the promontories of the land to the bays, and the straits joining the mediterranean seas to the oceans, to the isthmuses which connect the peninsulas to the mainland.

1870, Keith Johnston, Jun., “Explanatory Diagrams. Geographical Terms and Contour Lines. Map 1.”, in Hand Book of Physical Geography (Middle Class Series), Edinburgh, London: W. & A. K. Johnston, →OCLC, page 13:

A similar situation is observable in regard to the other mediterranean seas. North Africa has been more intimately related to Europe than with the equatorial belt beyond the Sahara and Northern Australia is closer to Singapore than to Melbourne which lies on the other side of the broad Australian desert.

1942, Nicholas J[ohn] Spykman, “The United States in the Western Hemisphere”, in America’s Strategy in World Politics: The United States and the Balance of Power, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace & Co., →OCLC; republished New Brunswick, N.J., London: Transaction Publishers, 2007 (2008 printing), →ISBN, page 49:

The Mediterranean seas are basins with sizes smaller than oceans, extended between the continents, separated from the adjacent ocean by means of one or several straits, with the bottom developed on a continental crust and on ocean crust, with local surface circulation, with modest interactions between sea and atmosphere. According to their size, there are large Mediterranean seas (Mediterranean Sea, American Mediterranean, Australasian Mediterranean Sea) and small Mediterranean seas (Baltic Sea, Red Sea).

2018, Emil Vespremeanu, Mariana Golumbeanu, “Introduction”, in The Black Sea: Physical, Environmental and Historical Perspectives, Cham, Switzerland: Springer Geography, Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, section 1.1 (Geographical Location of the Black Sea), page 2:

(oceanography) A mostly enclosed sea that has limited exchange of deep water with outer oceans, and where the water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than winds.


oceanic trench

en-noun

oceanic trench (plural oceanic trenches)

(geology, oceanography) A hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depression of the seabed.


潮波

(oceanography) tidal wave (crest of ocean water resulting from tidal forces)


PSU

(rare, oceanography) Alternative letter-case form of psu (“practical salinity unit”).


mareografi

mareografi (nominative singular)
mareografit (nominative plural)
mareografi (accusative nominative singular)
mareografit (accusative nominative plural)
mareografin (accusative genitive singular)
mareografit (accusative genitive plural)
mareografin (genitive singular)
mareografien (genitive plural)
mareografia (partitive singular)
mareografeja (partitive plural)
mareografissa (inessive singular)
mareografeissa (inessive plural)
mareografista (elative singular)
mareografeista (elative plural)
mareografiin (illative singular)
mareografeihin (illative plural)
mareografilla (adessive singular)
mareografeilla (adessive plural)
mareografilta (ablative singular)
mareografeilta (ablative plural)
mareografille (allative singular)
mareografeille (allative plural)
mareografina (essive singular)
mareografeina (essive plural)
mareografiksi (singular translative)
mareografeiksi (plural translative)
mareografitta (abessive singular)
mareografeitta (abessive plural)
mareografein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
mareografini (nominative singular)
mareografini (nominative plural)
mareografini (accusative nominative singular)
mareografini (accusative nominative plural)
mareografini (accusative genitive singular)
mareografini (accusative genitive plural)
mareografini (genitive singular)
mareografieni (genitive plural)
mareografiani (partitive singular)
mareografejani (partitive plural)
mareografissani (inessive singular)
mareografeissani (inessive plural)
mareografistani (elative singular)
mareografeistani (elative plural)
mareografiini (illative singular)
mareografeihini (illative plural)
mareografillani (adessive singular)
mareografeillani (adessive plural)
mareografiltani (ablative singular)
mareografeiltani (ablative plural)
mareografilleni (allative singular)
mareografeilleni (allative plural)
mareografinani (essive singular)
mareografeinani (essive plural)
mareografikseni (singular translative)
mareografeikseni (plural translative)
mareografittani (abessive singular)
mareografeittani (abessive plural)
mareografeineni (comitative plural)
mareografisi (nominative singular)
mareografisi (nominative plural)
mareografisi (accusative nominative singular)
mareografisi (accusative nominative plural)
mareografisi (accusative genitive singular)
mareografisi (accusative genitive plural)
mareografisi (genitive singular)
mareografiesi (genitive plural)
mareografiasi (partitive singular)
mareografejasi (partitive plural)
mareografissasi (inessive singular)
mareografeissasi (inessive plural)
mareografistasi (elative singular)
mareografeistasi (elative plural)
mareografiisi (illative singular)
mareografeihisi (illative plural)
mareografillasi (adessive singular)
mareografeillasi (adessive plural)
mareografiltasi (ablative singular)
mareografeiltasi (ablative plural)
mareografillesi (allative singular)
mareografeillesi (allative plural)
mareografinasi (essive singular)
mareografeinasi (essive plural)
mareografiksesi (singular translative)
mareografeiksesi (plural translative)
mareografittasi (abessive singular)
mareografeittasi (abessive plural)
mareografeinesi (comitative plural)
mareografimme (nominative singular)
mareografimme (nominative plural)
mareografimme (accusative nominative singular)
mareografimme (accusative nominative plural)
mareografimme (accusative genitive singular)
mareografimme (accusative genitive plural)
mareografimme (genitive singular)
mareografiemme (genitive plural)
mareografiamme (partitive singular)
mareografejamme (partitive plural)
mareografissamme (inessive singular)
mareografeissamme (inessive plural)
mareografistamme (elative singular)
mareografeistamme (elative plural)
mareografiimme (illative singular)
mareografeihimme (illative plural)
mareografillamme (adessive singular)
mareografeillamme (adessive plural)
mareografiltamme (ablative singular)
mareografeiltamme (ablative plural)
mareografillemme (allative singular)
mareografeillemme (allative plural)
mareografinamme (essive singular)
mareografeinamme (essive plural)
mareografiksemme (singular translative)
mareografeiksemme (plural translative)
mareografittamme (abessive singular)
mareografeittamme (abessive plural)
mareografeinemme (comitative plural)
mareografinne (nominative singular)
mareografinne (nominative plural)
mareografinne (accusative nominative singular)
mareografinne (accusative nominative plural)
mareografinne (accusative genitive singular)
mareografinne (accusative genitive plural)
mareografinne (genitive singular)
mareografienne (genitive plural)
mareografianne (partitive singular)
mareografejanne (partitive plural)
mareografissanne (inessive singular)
mareografeissanne (inessive plural)
mareografistanne (elative singular)
mareografeistanne (elative plural)
mareografiinne (illative singular)
mareografeihinne (illative plural)
mareografillanne (adessive singular)
mareografeillanne (adessive plural)
mareografiltanne (ablative singular)
mareografeiltanne (ablative plural)
mareografillenne (allative singular)
mareografeillenne (allative plural)
mareografinanne (essive singular)
mareografeinanne (essive plural)
mareografiksenne (singular translative)
mareografeiksenne (plural translative)
mareografittanne (abessive singular)
mareografeittanne (abessive plural)
mareografeinenne (comitative plural)
mareografinsa (nominative singular)
mareografinsa (nominative plural)
mareografinsa (accusative nominative singular)
mareografinsa (accusative nominative plural)
mareografinsa (accusative genitive singular)
mareografinsa (accusative genitive plural)
mareografinsa (genitive singular)
mareografiensa (genitive plural)
mareografiaan (partitive singular)
mareografiansa (partitive singular)
mareografejaan (partitive plural)
mareografejansa (partitive plural)
mareografissaan (inessive singular)
mareografissansa (inessive singular)
mareografeissaan (inessive plural)
mareografeissansa (inessive plural)
mareografistaan (elative singular)
mareografistansa (elative singular)
mareografeistaan (elative plural)
mareografeistansa (elative plural)
mareografiinsa (illative singular)
mareografeihinsa (illative plural)
mareografillaan (adessive singular)
mareografillansa (adessive singular)
mareografeillaan (adessive plural)
mareografeillansa (adessive plural)
mareografiltaan (ablative singular)
mareografiltansa (ablative singular)
mareografeiltaan (ablative plural)
mareografeiltansa (ablative plural)
mareografilleen (allative singular)
mareografillensa (allative singular)
mareografeilleen (allative plural)
mareografeillensa (allative plural)
mareografinaan (essive singular)
mareografinansa (essive singular)
mareografeinaan (essive plural)
mareografeinansa (essive plural)
mareografikseen (singular translative)
mareografiksensa (singular translative)
mareografeikseen (plural translative)
mareografeiksensa (plural translative)
mareografittaan (abessive singular)
mareografittansa (abessive singular)
mareografeittaan (abessive plural)
mareografeittansa (abessive plural)
mareografeineen (comitative plural)
mareografeinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈmɑ̝re̞o̞ˌɡrɑ̝fi]

Internationalism (see English mareograph). Contains the suffix -grafi.


bagnasciuga

Verb-verb compound, composed of bagna (“to wet”) + asciuga (“to dry”).


abis

From English abyss, from Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”).


παγόβουνο

head

παγόβουνο • (pagóvouno) n (plural παγόβουνα)

pagóvouno (romanization)
παγόβουνα (plural)
παγόβουνο (nominative singular)
παγόβουνα (nominative plural)
παγόβουνου (genitive singular)
παγόβουνων (genitive plural)
παγόβουνο (accusative singular)
παγόβουνα (accusative plural)
παγόβουνο (singular vocative)
παγόβουνα (plural vocative)

From πάγος (págos, “ice”) + βουνό (vounó, “mountain”). Calque of English iceberg.

af

η κορυφή του παγόβουνου


fumarola

→ English: fumarole

→ Finnish: fumaroli

→ French: fumerolle

→ Polish: fumarola

→ Portuguese: fumarola

→ Russian: фумаро́ла (fumaróla)

→ Spanish: fumarola

→ Swedish: fumarol

From Neapolitan fumarola, from Late Latin fūmāriolum, diminutive of fūmārium (“chimney”), from Latin fumus (“smoke”), 16th c.

Le fumarole bianche sono ricche in solfuro di zinco, […]

2007, Thomas M. Smith, Robert Leo Smith, Elementi di ecologia, 6th edition, Pearson, page 525:

White smokers are rich in zinc sulfur, […]

(geological oceanography) smoker (hydrothermal vent on the seabed)


turbiditic

As a consequence, the turbiditic currents of marly mud are not able to cause erosion similar to those of siliciclastic mud.

2007, William Miller, Trace Fossils, →ISBN, page 257:

(geology, oceanography) Of, pertaining to, or arising from turbidite, a sedimentary deposit formed by a turbidity current


bathypelagic

(oceanography) Of or pertaining to the parts of the oceans at depths between 1000 and 4000 meters deep.

bathypelagisch

of or pertaining to the ocean between 1000 and 4000 meters deep


mesopelagic

For those animals living in the mesopelagic zone, where some light downwells from the surface, a visual predator looking up at them could see a silhouette.

2001, James Willard Nybakken, Marine Biology: An Ecological Approach, page 153:

(oceanography) Describing the pelagic zone of the ocean between the photic epipelagic and the aphotic bathypelagic zones, characterized by very minimal light.

mesopelaginen

relating to the zone of the ocean between the photic epipelagic and the aphotic bathypelagic zones


kontinentální šelf

kontinentální šelf (nominative singular)
kontinentální šelfy (nominative plural)
kontinentálního šelfu (genitive singular)
kontinentálních šelfů (genitive plural)
kontinentálnímu šelfu (dative singular)
kontinentálním šelfům (dative plural)
kontinentální šelf (accusative singular)
kontinentální šelfy (accusative plural)
kontinentální šelfe (singular vocative)
kontinentální šelfy (plural vocative)
kontinentálním šelfu (locative singular)
kontinentálních šelfech (locative plural)
kontinentálním šelfem (instrumental singular)
kontinentálními šelfy (instrumental plural)


marigram

(oceanography) A printed record of tidal levels.


marigraph

(oceanography) A device used to measure tidal levels.


marigraphic

(oceanography) From, or produced by, a marigraph


mareographic

(oceanography) From, or produced by, a mareograph


bentos

bentos (nominative singular)
bentosu (genitive singular)
bentosowi (dative singular)
bentos (accusative singular)
bentosem (instrumental singular)
bentosie (locative singular)
bentosie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βένθος (bénthos).


isopycnal

(meteorology, oceanography) A line connecting points of constant density in the ocean or in the atmosphere.


frontogenesis

(meteorology, oceanography) The formation or strengthening of an atmospheric weather front or of an oceanic front.


cabbeling

From German Kabbelung; according to Foster (1972), the German word was first applied to the phenomenon by Witte (1902), and subsequently used in an anglicized form by Stommel (1960) and others.

caballing (alternative)
cabbelling (alternative)

He reasoned that cabbeling would form a front at the juxtaposition of Warm Deep Water and Shelf Water. Sinking along such a front would thus inhibit the cross shelf flow of shelf water.

1934, Thomas North Whitehead, The Design and Use of Instruments and Accurate Mechanisms: Underlying Principles, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan Co., →OCLC, page 684:

To complete this catalog of thermodynamic processes of importance in shallow seas, the phenomenon of cabbeling should be mentioned (from the German ‘Kabbelung’, see Horne et al. (1978), usually pronoun[c]ed in English with the emphasis on the second syllable). Because the equation of state of water is nonlinear, the density of a mixture of two water masses of unequal temperature (and possibly salinity) is greater than the arithmetic average density of the two components. Thus surface mixing of adjacent water masses of differing characteristics generally produces water locally denser than its surroundings, which tends to sink. Sinking motion so generated is referred to as ‘cabbeling’.

1982, G. T. Csanady, Circulation in the Coastal Ocean (Environmental Fluid Mechanics; 2), Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, →ISBN, page 212:

This effect is presumably compensated for by cabbelling, or densification on mixing, below the surface, but would be interesting to examine in a numerical model.

1994, Chris Garrett, “The Mediterranean Sea as a Climate Test Basin”, in Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli, Allan R. Robinson, editors, Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and Mediterranean Examples (Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences; 419), Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, →ISBN, page 233:

When two water parcels with the same mass but different temperature and salinity mix together, the newly generated water parcel may have a density greater than the mean density of the original water parcels. In particular, if the original water parcels have the same density, then the newly formed water parcel may have a density greater than the mean density of the original parcels. As a result, the newly formed water parcel will sink. This process, called cabbeling in oceanography, is due to the nonlinearity of the equation of state of seawater, especially the increase of the thermal expansion coefficient with temperature.

2010, Rui Xin Huang, Ocean Circulation: Wind-Driven and Thermohaline Processes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 100:

(oceanography) The process by which two masses of water with different temperatures and salinities mix to form a new water mass with a density higher than the density of either parent water mass; also, the sinking of the new water mass as the effect of its increased density.

Journal of Physical Oceanography
University of California Press
cabbeling


caballing

en-noun

caballing (countable and uncountable, plural caballings)

caballings (plural)
cabbeling (alternative)

(oceanography) Alternative form of cabbeling.


intertidal zone

intertidal zone (plural intertidal zones)

(oceanography) The part of a shore between high water and low water, especially the beach exposed at maximum ebb spring tides.


άβυσσος

ávyssos (romanization)
άβυσσοι (plural)
άβυσσος (nominative singular)
άβυσσοι (nominative plural)
αβύσσου (genitive singular)
αβύσσων (genitive plural)
άβυσσο (accusative singular)
αβύσσους (accusative plural)
άβυσσε (singular vocative)
άβυσσο (singular vocative)
άβυσσοι (plural vocative)
άβυσσο (alternative)

Learnedly, from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos). For the scientific term, semantic loan from English abyss or French abysse.

άβυσσος η ψυχή του ανθρώπου

there's nowt so queer as folk; an abyss [is] the soul of man

βυσσοδομώand see: βυθός & the ancient βυσσός


深海

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴ hoi̯³¹/

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴ hoi̯³¹/

(oceanography) the part of the ocean below 200 meters


海流

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liu²⁴/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liu²⁴/


海流

ja-noun

海(かい)流(りゅう) • (kairyū) ^(←かいりう (kairiu)?)

海流 (canonical)
kairyū (romanization)
kairiu (romanization)
かいりう (hiragana historical)


medelhav

medelhav (indefinite nominative singular)
medelhavs (genitive indefinite singular)
medelhavet (definite nominative singular)
medelhavets (definite genitive singular)
medelhav (indefinite nominative plural)
medelhavs (genitive indefinite plural)
medelhaven (definite nominative plural)
medelhavens (definite genitive plural)

Röda havet, Östersjön och Medelhavet är medelhav.

The Red Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea are mediterranean seas.

(geology, oceanography) mediterranean sea (sea mostly enclosed by land)


sargasso

en-noun

sargasso (countable and uncountable, plural sargassos or sargassoes)

From Portuguese sargaço (“(originally) the Lisbon false sun-rose or woolly rock rose (Halimium lasianthum); (now) gulfweed, sargasso”), ultimately from Latin salicastrum (“kind of wild vine found in willow-thickets”), from salix (“plant of the genus Salix; willow”) + -astrum (suffix forming nouns expressing incomplete resemblance). Salix is derived from Proto-Indo-European *sl̥H-ik- (“willow”). The English word is cognate with French sargasse, Spanish sargazo. The capitalized form of sense 2 (“a confused, tangled mass or situation”), Sargasso, is probably a reference to the Sargasso Sea.

der

Of Sargassos or Weedy Seas. [...] [T]he most remarkable of them all, is that in the North Atlantic. [Christopher] Columbus passed through it on his first voyage of discovery to America. […] The sargassos of the southern hemisphere are not so well marked as this, nor are they as rich in drift or floating matter.

1864, M[atthew] F[ontaine] Maury, “Book VI”, in Physical Geography for Schools and General Readers, London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green, →OCLC, § 225, pages 100–101:

[H]eld safe and sound, I'd find the South Equatorial at last, at last, and safe from all the Sargassoes, the Scillas and Charibs, I'd swoop beautifully and lightly, drifting with the sweet currents of the South down the edge of the Brazilian Highlands to the Waters of Peace.

1971, Doris Lessing, Briefing for a Descent into Hell, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, August 1972, →ISBN, page 6:

Feverish eyes of mariners weatherbeaten in a thousand voyages, burning eyes of jailbirds yanked from Andalusian prisons and embarked by force: these eyes see no prophetic reflections of gold and silver in the foam of the waves, nor in the country and river birds that keep flying over the ships, nor in the green rushes and branches thick with shells that drift in the sargassos.

1985, Eduardo Galeano, Memory of Fire: Part One of a Trilogy, New York, N.Y.: Pantheon Books, →ISBN; quoted in Howard Zinn, Anthony Arnowe, “Columbus and Las Casas”, in Voices of a People’s History of the United States, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Seven Stories Press, 2004, →ISBN, page 45:

Few storms trouble a sargasso region, and rain rarely falls there even during the spring seasons. These conditions help create massive beds of floating vegetation, dominated by kelps and a weed called sargassum. [...] Of all the regions of the open sea, sargassos are the ones with the highest biological density, and potentially the most dangerous.

[2004, Lee Hammock, “Open Sea”, in Into the Blue, [s.l.]: Bastion Press, →ISBN, page 44, column 1:

(biology, oceanography) A part of an ocean or sea characterized by floating masses of sargassos, like the Sargasso Sea.


isobathytherm

(oceanography) An isoline connecting the points on the Earth's surface where a certain temperature is found at the same depth.


isothermobath

From iso- + thermo- + Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús, “deep”) (see bathy-).

(oceanography) A line drawn through points of equal temperature in a vertical section of the ocean.


eostatacht

head

eostatacht f (genitive singular eostatachta)

eostatachta (genitive singular)
eostatacht (indefinite nominative singular)
a eostatacht (indefinite singular vocative)
eostatachta (genitive indefinite singular)
eostatacht (dative indefinite singular)
an eostatacht (definite nominative singular)
na heostatachta (definite genitive singular)
leis an eostatacht (dative definite singular)
don eostatacht (dative definite singular)
eostatacht
n-eostatacht
heostatacht


batímetre

batímetres (plural)
batòmetre (alternative)


batòmetre

batòmetres (plural)
batímetre (alternative)


MSL

The company shard specific data from today’s flight on social media, revealing that the New Shepard capsule that carried Katy Perry, Gayle King and their crewmates to space hit 346,802 feet above ground level (AGL) and 350,449 above mean sea level (MSL).

2025 April 14, Jackie Wattles, Ashley Strickland and Taylor Nicioli, “Blue Origin launches star-studded crew on space tourism rocket”, in CNN:

(aviation, meteorology, oceanography) Initialism of mean sea level.


SPURS

(oceanography, NASA) Acronym of Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study.


低潮

/ti⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ti⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


establishment of the port

(hydrography) A datum on which the tides are computed at the given port, obtained by observation. It is the interval between the Moon's passage over the meridian and the time of high water at the port, on the days of new moon and full moon.


Kelvin wave

Named after Lord Kelvin, the discoverer (1879).

Geophysicists have leaned on a mathematical explanation for equatorial Kelvin waves since the 1960s, but for some, that explanation wasn’t entirely satisfying.

2023 July 18, Katie McCormick, “How Quantum Physics Describes Earth’s Weather Patterns”, in Quanta Magazine:

(meteorology, oceanography) A non-dispersive wave in the ocean or atmosphere that balances the Earth's Coriolis force against a topographic boundary such as a coastline, or a waveguide such as the equator.


海面

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ miŋ¹¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ miŋ¹¹/


PDO

en-noun

PDO (countable and uncountable, plural PDOs)

(oceanography) Abbreviation of Pacific decadal oscillation.


black smoker

(geology, oceanography) A kind of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed, emitting clouds of black material.


white smoker

(geology, oceanography) A kind of hydrothermal vent that emits lighter-hued minerals than those of a black smoker, such as those containing barium, calcium and silicon.


grounding line

(glaciology, oceanography) the boundary where a grounded glacier becomes a floating ice shelf


고조

Sino-Korean word from 高潮, from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高潮 (kōchō).


Corrente do Golfo

(oceanography) Gulf Stream (warm ocean current in the North Atlantic)


celeridade

(oceanography) celerity (speed of individual waves)


zona afótica

(oceanography) aphotic zone (part of an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis)


mégatsunami

(oceanography) megatsunami (an extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly)


minva

(oceanography) a decline in the mean sea level of the ocean, such as that observed regularly ever winter


海平面

ㄏㄞˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

ㄏㄞˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³/

海平面上升


bahira

Borrowed from Arabic بَحْر (baḥr, “little sea”).

The Etang de Diana in Corsica is a bahira type of inlet.

(oceanography) A classification of sea inlet; a depression in the land flooded by the sea during the Holocene transgression and connected to the sea by a narrow passage.


ポリニヤ

Internationalism, ultimately from Russian полынья́ (polynʹjá); see English polynya.


ODV

(oceanography) Initialism of Ocean Data View.


gelbstoff

Borrowed from German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”) (coined by K. Kalle in a 1966 article: see the quotation), from German gelb (“amber, yellow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wós (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”) + *-wós (“suffix forming adjectives from verb stems”)) + German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”) (from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)).

der

The problem of the Gelbstoff in the sea

1966, K. Kalle, “The Problem of the Gelbstoff in the Sea”, in Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, volume 4, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, article title, page 91:

Like soil humus and humic materials indigenous to freshwaters, seawater gelbstoff absorbs light strongly into the ultraviolet region of the spectrum: Sieburth and Jensen (1968) noted a peak at 263 nm.

1979, Stephen [H.] Spotte, Seawater Aquariums: The Captive Environment, New York, N.Y.: Wiley-Interscience, →ISBN, page 103:

[page 63] Kalle concluded that dissolved yellow substances contribute substantially to any deviation from the blue colour of pure water into the longer wavelengths region of the visible spectrum. […] Chemically the material defied unequivocal characterization, a situation which has remained essentially unchanged. Thus, for want of a systematic designation Kalle called the material "Gelbstoff", the German word for "yellow material". […] Marine Gelbstoff is a material formed in the sea with certain spectral characteristics. It is not derived from terrestrial sources and appears to be composed of fulvic and humic components both of which are structrally different from their terrestrial counterparts. […] [page 67] These are more indications of an autochthonous origin of marine Gelbstoff supported by the interesting observation that Gelbstoff from a bog water precipitated within a week at room temperature when an equal amount of seawater was added to its solution.

1984, M. Ehrhardt, “Marine Gelbstoff”, in Otto Hutzinger, editor, The Natural Environment and the Biogeochemical Cycles (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry; 1, part 1C), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, →ISBN; reprinted as Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 63 and 67:

Light is absorbed in water by four components: water itself, dissolved yellow substances (gelbstoff), phytoplankton, and tripton (inanimate particulate material).

1996, Steven W. Effler, Mary Gail Perkins, “Optics”, in Steven W. Effler, editor, Limnological and Engineering Analysis of a Polluted Urban Lake: Prelude to Environmental Management of Onondaga Lake, New York (Springer Series on Environmental Management), New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag New York, →ISBN; reprinted as New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag, 2012, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, section 7.1 (Introduction), page 535:

(hydrology, oceanography) The optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water, which primarily occurs naturally from tannin released from decaying detritus. As the amount of organic matter increases, it causes the water to appear green, yellow-green, and then brown.

المواد العضوية الملونة الذائبة

coloration des matières organiques dissoutes dans l'eau


OMZ

oxygen minimum zone
w:oxygen minimum zone

(oceanography) Initialism of oxygen minimum zone.


superbackground

...which are involved in the system of superbackground stresses, caused by the decompaction of material of the asthenosphere and by the products of their degassing, and which are limited by the dimensions of subvertical ascending flows of endogenous gases and water and their mixtures...

1983, Moscow University Geology Bulletin - Volume 38, page 5:

Relying on these assumptions there was found an equation describing the connection between the superbackground contents of the ore element - the mean value in the cross section of the slope (C ') - and its content in the corresponding point of the dissipation flow (C):

1990, Jiří Janatka, T. Hlavatá, Ivan Barnet, Methods of Geochemical Prospecting, page 88:

The superbackground dissolved aluminum levels will exceed the usual concentrations by a factor of no more than a few tens.

1990, Oceanology - Volume 29, Pages 1-403, page 316:

A manual for AGRS applications [8] recommended plotting various maps based on AGRS data transformation: radio-geochemical maps, maps of superbackground radioactive element concentrations, maps of the distribution of radioactive element concentrations in standard values, etc.

1996, Geology of the Pacific Ocean - Volume 13, Issues 1-3, page 367:

(geology, oceanography) Forming a background with unusually high concentrations of something.


海水平

ㄏㄞˇ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/


tidevannsstrøm

tidevannsstrøm m (definite singular tidevannsstrømmen, indefinite plural tidevannsstrømmer, definite plural tidevannsstrømmene)

tidevannsstrømmen (definite singular)
tidevannsstrømmer (indefinite plural)
tidevannsstrømmene (definite plural)
tidvass-strøm (alternative)
tidvasstrøm (alternative)
tidvatnstrøm (alternative)


北大西洋海流

ja-pos

きた たいせいよう かいりゅう

きたたいせいやうかいりう

北(きた)大(たい)西(せい)洋(よう)海(かい)流(りゅう) • (Kita Taiseiyō Kairyū) ^(←きたたいせいやうかいりう (Kitataiseiyaukairiu)?)

北大西洋海流 (canonical)
Kita Taiseiyō Kairyū (romanization)
Kitataiseiyaukairiu (romanization)
きたたいせいやうかいりう (hiragana historical)

きたたいせーよーかいりゅう

From 北大西洋 (Kita Taiseiyō, “North Atlantic”) + 海流 (kairyū, “ocean current”).

af

(oceanography) the North Atlantic Current


баагу

(hydrology, oceanography) polynya (place at sea where the water hasn't frozen)


rewa

rewa (nominative singular)
rewy (nominative plural)
rewy (genitive singular)
rew (genitive plural)
rewie (dative singular)
rewom (dative plural)
rewę (accusative singular)
rewy (accusative plural)
rewą (instrumental singular)
rewami (instrumental plural)
rewie (locative singular)
rewach (locative plural)
rewo (singular vocative)
rewy (plural vocative)

(geomorphology, oceanography) sandbank, sandbar, sandridge, shoal (natural submerged ridge, bank, or bar that consists of, or is covered by, sand or other unconsolidated material and rises from the bed of a body of water to near the surface)


pelagial

pelagial (nominative singular)
pelagiale (nominative plural)
pelagialu (genitive singular)
pelagiali (genitive plural)
pelagialowi (dative singular)
pelagialom (dative plural)
pelagial (accusative singular)
pelagiale (accusative plural)
pelagialem (instrumental singular)
pelagialami (instrumental plural)
pelagialu (locative singular)
pelagialach (locative plural)
pelagialu (singular vocative)
pelagiale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French pélagial, from Latin pelagicus, from Ancient Greek πέλαγος (pélagos).


vuorovesiaalto

vuorovesiaalto (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaallot (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaalto (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaallot (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaallon (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaallot (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaallon (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojen (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoa (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoja (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossa (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissa (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallosta (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloista (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoon (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihin (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallolla (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloilla (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaallolta (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloilta (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallolle (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloille (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltona (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoina (essive plural)
vuorovesiaalloksi (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloiksi (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallotta (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloitta (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
vuorovesiaaltoni (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoni (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoni (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoni (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoni (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoni (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoni (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojeni (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoani (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojani (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossani (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissani (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallostani (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloistani (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltooni (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihini (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallollani (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloillani (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloltani (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloiltani (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallolleni (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloilleni (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonani (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoinani (essive plural)
vuorovesiaallokseni (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloikseni (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallottani (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloittani (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoineni (comitative plural)
vuorovesiaaltosi (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltosi (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltosi (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltosi (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltosi (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltosi (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltosi (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojesi (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoasi (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojasi (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossasi (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissasi (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallostasi (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloistasi (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoosi (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihisi (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallollasi (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloillasi (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloltasi (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloiltasi (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallollesi (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloillesi (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonasi (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoinasi (essive plural)
vuorovesiaalloksesi (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloiksesi (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallottasi (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloittasi (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoinesi (comitative plural)
vuorovesiaaltomme (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltomme (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltomme (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltomme (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltomme (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltomme (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltomme (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojemme (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoamme (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojamme (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossamme (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissamme (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallostamme (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloistamme (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoomme (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihimme (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallollamme (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloillamme (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloltamme (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloiltamme (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallollemme (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloillemme (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonamme (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoinamme (essive plural)
vuorovesiaalloksemme (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloiksemme (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallottamme (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloittamme (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoinemme (comitative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonne (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltonne (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonne (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltonne (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonne (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltonne (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltonne (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojenne (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoanne (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojanne (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossanne (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissanne (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallostanne (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloistanne (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoonne (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihinne (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallollanne (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloillanne (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloltanne (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloiltanne (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallollenne (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloillenne (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonanne (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoinanne (essive plural)
vuorovesiaalloksenne (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloiksenne (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallottanne (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloittanne (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoinenne (comitative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (accusative nominative singular)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (accusative nominative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (accusative genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (accusative genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltonsa (genitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojensa (genitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoaan (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoansa (partitive singular)
vuorovesiaaltojaan (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaaltojansa (partitive plural)
vuorovesiaallossaan (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaallossansa (inessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloissaan (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloissansa (inessive plural)
vuorovesiaallostaan (elative singular)
vuorovesiaallostansa (elative singular)
vuorovesiaalloistaan (elative plural)
vuorovesiaalloistansa (elative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoonsa (illative singular)
vuorovesiaaltoihinsa (illative plural)
vuorovesiaallollaan (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaallollansa (adessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloillaan (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloillansa (adessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloltaan (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloltansa (ablative singular)
vuorovesiaalloiltaan (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaalloiltansa (ablative plural)
vuorovesiaallolleen (allative singular)
vuorovesiaallollensa (allative singular)
vuorovesiaalloilleen (allative plural)
vuorovesiaalloillensa (allative plural)
vuorovesiaaltonaan (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltonansa (essive singular)
vuorovesiaaltoinaan (essive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoinansa (essive plural)
vuorovesiaallokseen (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloksensa (singular translative)
vuorovesiaalloikseen (plural translative)
vuorovesiaalloiksensa (plural translative)
vuorovesiaallottaan (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaallottansa (abessive singular)
vuorovesiaalloittaan (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaalloittansa (abessive plural)
vuorovesiaaltoineen (comitative plural)
vuorovesiaaltoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈʋuo̞̯ro̞ˌʋe̞s̠iˌɑ̝ːl̪t̪o̞]

(oceanography) tidal wave (crest of ocean water resulting from tidal forces)


meteotsunami

These surface waves are associated with two ma- jor sources of forcing: seismic activity (tsunamis) and atmospheric disturbances (meteotsunami).

1998 June 15, S Monserrat, “On the reconstruction of the transfer function for atmospherically generated seiches”, in Geophysical Research Letters, volume 25, number 12, page 2197:

(oceanography, meteorology) A tsunami-like wave of meteorological origin.


潮位

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/


潮位

潮位 (canonical)
chōi (romanization)
teuwi (romanization)
てうゐ (hiragana historical)


midthavsrygg

midthavsrygg m (definite singular midthavsryggen, indefinite plural midthavsrygger, definite plural midthavsryggene)

midthavsryggen (definite singular)
midthavsrygger (indefinite plural)
midthavsryggene (definite plural)


midthavsrygg

midthavsrygg m (definite singular midthavsryggen, indefinite plural midthavsrygger or midthavsryggar, definite plural midthavsryggene or midthavsryggane)

midthavsryggen (definite singular)
midthavsrygger (indefinite plural)
midthavsryggar (indefinite plural)
midthavsryggene (definite plural)
midthavsryggane (definite plural)


滿潮

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


墊滇

/tiam²²⁻²¹ tĩ²²/

/tiam²²⁻²¹ tĩ²²/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, oceanography) high tide; high water


płoń

płoń (nominative singular)
płonie (nominative plural)
płoni (genitive singular)
płoni (genitive plural)
płoni (dative singular)
płoniom (dative plural)
płoń (accusative singular)
płonie (accusative plural)
płonią (instrumental singular)
płoniami (instrumental plural)
płoni (locative singular)
płoniach (locative plural)
płoni (singular vocative)
płonie (plural vocative)
płonia (alternative obsolete)

Inherited from Old Polish płonia. By surface analysis, płony + -ia.

(dialectal, hydrology, oceanography) polynya


黒潮

ja-pos

黒(くろ)潮(しお) • (Kuroshio) ^(←くろしほ (Kurosifo)?)

黒潮 (canonical)
Kuroshio (romanization)
Kurosifo (romanization)
くろしほ (hiragana historical)

English: Kuroshio

[kɯ̟ɾo̞ɕio̞]


日本海流

日(に)本(ほん)海(かい)流(りゅう) • (Nihon Kairyū) ^(←にほんかいりう (Nifonkairiu)?)

日本海流 (canonical)
Nihon Kairyū (romanization)
Nifonkairiu (romanization)
にほんかいりう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟ihõ̞ŋka̠iɾʲɨː]

(oceanography) synonym of 黒潮: the Kuroshio Current


潮間帶

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


fringing reef

(oceanography) A completely shallow coral reef adjacent to a coast.


裙礁

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


sjøgang

nb-noun-mu

sjøgang m (definite singular sjøgangen, uncountable)

(nautical, oceanography) sea state (degree of turbulence at sea)


sea state

(oceanography) the degree of turbulence at sea, generally measured according to average wave height


Biogeochemie

de-noun

Biogeochemie f (genitive Biogeochemie, no plural)

Biogeochemie (genitive)
Biogeochemie (nominative singular)
Biogeochemie (genitive singular)
Biogeochemie (dative singular)
Biogeochemie (accusative singular)

Die Biogeochemie beschäftigt sich mit Prozessen und Reaktionen, welche die Zusammensetzung der natürlichen Umwelt bestimmen.

Biogeochemistry deals with processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment.

Insbesondere behandelt die Biogeochemie die Lehre von Kreisläufen von chemischen Elementen, wie zum Beispiel Kohlenstoff, Stickstoff, Schwefel und Phosphor.

In particular, biogeochemistry is the study of the cycles of chemical elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus.


shell ice

(glaciology, oceanography) Ice which is no longer supported by the water beneath it, and instead has a cavity underneath.


環流

/xu̯än³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn²¹ lɐu̯²¹/

/xu̯än³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn²¹ lɐu̯²¹/


rosette sampler

en-noun

rosette sampler (plural rosette samplers)

(oceanography) A cylindrical assembly of bottles (usually Niskin bottles) used to sample deep water.


Niskin bottle

Named after American inventor Shale Niskin.

named-after

(oceanography) An improved type of Nansen bottle that is open on both ends and is currently most commonly used.


Nansen bottle

Named after Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen, who invented it in 1894.

(oceanography) A metal or plastic cylinder that can be closed remotely in order to sample water at depth.


親潮

English: Oyashio


Oyashio

the Oyashio (canonical)
Oya Shio (alternative)
Oya Siwo (alternative)
Oyasiwo (alternative)

Borrowed from the rōmaji transcription of Japanese 親潮 (Oyashio, “Parent Tide”).

(oceanography, usually with "~ Current") The oceanic current forming the swift, warm, northward-flowing western quarter of the North Pacific Gyre.


syvyyskäyrä

syvyyskäyrä (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyrät (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyrä (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyrät (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyrän (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyrät (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyrän (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyrien (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräin (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyrää (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriä (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässä (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissä (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästä (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristä (elative plural)
syvyyskäyrään (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriin (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrällä (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrillä (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältä (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltä (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrälle (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrille (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränä (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinä (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräksi (singular translative)
syvyyskäyriksi (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättä (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittä (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
syvyyskäyräni (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyräni (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyräni (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyräni (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyräni (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyräni (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräni (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyrieni (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräini (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyrääni (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriäni (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässäni (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissäni (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästäni (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristäni (elative plural)
syvyyskäyrääni (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriini (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrälläni (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrilläni (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältäni (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltäni (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrälleni (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrilleni (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränäni (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinäni (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräkseni (singular translative)
syvyyskäyrikseni (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättäni (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittäni (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrineni (comitative plural)
syvyyskäyräsi (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyräsi (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyräsi (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyräsi (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyräsi (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyräsi (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräsi (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyriesi (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräisi (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyrääsi (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriäsi (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässäsi (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissäsi (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästäsi (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristäsi (elative plural)
syvyyskäyrääsi (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriisi (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrälläsi (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrilläsi (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältäsi (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltäsi (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrällesi (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrillesi (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränäsi (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinäsi (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräksesi (singular translative)
syvyyskäyriksesi (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättäsi (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittäsi (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrinesi (comitative plural)
syvyyskäyrämme (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyrämme (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyrämme (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyrämme (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyrämme (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyrämme (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyrämme (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyriemme (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräimme (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyräämme (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriämme (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässämme (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissämme (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästämme (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristämme (elative plural)
syvyyskäyräämme (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriimme (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrällämme (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrillämme (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältämme (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltämme (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrällemme (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrillemme (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränämme (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinämme (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräksemme (singular translative)
syvyyskäyriksemme (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättämme (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittämme (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrinemme (comitative plural)
syvyyskäyränne (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyränne (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyränne (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyränne (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyränne (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyränne (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyränne (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyrienne (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräinne (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyräänne (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriänne (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässänne (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissänne (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästänne (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristänne (elative plural)
syvyyskäyräänne (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriinne (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrällänne (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrillänne (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältänne (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltänne (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrällenne (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrillenne (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränänne (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinänne (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräksenne (singular translative)
syvyyskäyriksenne (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättänne (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittänne (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrinenne (comitative plural)
syvyyskäyränsä (nominative singular)
syvyyskäyränsä (nominative plural)
syvyyskäyränsä (accusative nominative singular)
syvyyskäyränsä (accusative nominative plural)
syvyyskäyränsä (accusative genitive singular)
syvyyskäyränsä (accusative genitive plural)
syvyyskäyränsä (genitive singular)
syvyyskäyriensä (genitive plural)
syvyyskäyräinsä (genitive plural rare)
syvyyskäyräänsä (partitive singular)
syvyyskäyriään (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyriänsä (partitive plural)
syvyyskäyrässään (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrässänsä (inessive singular)
syvyyskäyrissään (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrissänsä (inessive plural)
syvyyskäyrästään (elative singular)
syvyyskäyrästänsä (elative singular)
syvyyskäyristään (elative plural)
syvyyskäyristänsä (elative plural)
syvyyskäyräänsä (illative singular)
syvyyskäyriinsä (illative plural)
syvyyskäyrällään (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrällänsä (adessive singular)
syvyyskäyrillään (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrillänsä (adessive plural)
syvyyskäyrältään (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyrältänsä (ablative singular)
syvyyskäyriltään (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyriltänsä (ablative plural)
syvyyskäyrälleen (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrällensä (allative singular)
syvyyskäyrilleen (allative plural)
syvyyskäyrillensä (allative plural)
syvyyskäyränään (essive singular)
syvyyskäyränänsä (essive singular)
syvyyskäyrinään (essive plural)
syvyyskäyrinänsä (essive plural)
syvyyskäyräkseen (singular translative)
syvyyskäyräksensä (singular translative)
syvyyskäyrikseen (plural translative)
syvyyskäyriksensä (plural translative)
syvyyskäyrättään (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrättänsä (abessive singular)
syvyyskäyrittään (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrittänsä (abessive plural)
syvyyskäyrineen (comitative plural)
syvyyskäyrinensä (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠yʋyːs̠ˌk̟æy̯ræ]

(oceanography) depth contour (line of equal depth on a map or chart)


szelf

pl-noun

szelf m inan (related adjective szelfowy)

szelfowy (adjective)
szelf (nominative singular)
szelfy (nominative plural)
szelfu (genitive singular)
szelfów (genitive plural)
szelfowi (dative singular)
szelfom (dative plural)
szelf (accusative singular)
szelfy (accusative plural)
szelfem (instrumental singular)
szelfami (instrumental plural)
szelfie (locative singular)
szelfach (locative plural)
szelfie (singular vocative)
szelfy (plural vocative)

(oceanography) shelf, continental shelf (outer area of a land mass covered by a shallow sea that extends into open ocean)


심해

[ˈɕʰi(ː)mɦɛ]

Sino-Korean word from 深海, from 深 (“deep”) + 海 (“sea”)

ko-etym-sino

(oceanography) the deep sea, beginning at 2000 meters below sea level


黑潮

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 黒(くろ)潮(しお) (kuroshio).

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/haːk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/haːk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


garbage patch

A reconnaissance flight taken in a modified C-130 Hercules aircraft found a vast clump of mainly plastic waste at the northern edge of what is known as the “great Pacific garbage patch”, located between Hawaii and California.

2016 October 4, Oliver Milman, “‘Great Pacific garbage patch’ far bigger than imagined, aerial survey shows”, in The Guardian:

(oceanography) A gyre of marine debris particles caused by the effects of ocean currents and increasing plastic pollution by humans.


AMOC

The AMOC is thus a poster child for the idea of climatic “tipping points”—of hard-to-predict thresholds in Earth’s climate system that, once crossed, have rapid, cascading effects far beyond the corner of the globe where they occur.

2021 March 2, Moises Velasquez-Manoff, Jeremy White, “In the Atlantic Ocean, Subtle Shifts Hint at Dramatic Dangers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

w:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation

(oceanography) Initialism of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.


regresja

regresja (nominative singular)
regresje (nominative plural)
regresji (genitive singular)
regresji (genitive plural)
regresyj (archaic genitive plural)
regresji (dative singular)
regresjom (dative plural)
regresję (accusative singular)
regresje (accusative plural)
regresją (instrumental singular)
regresjami (instrumental plural)
regresji (locative singular)
regresjach (locative plural)
regresjo (singular vocative)
regresje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French régression, from Late Latin regressiō.


batial

batial (nominative singular)
batialu (genitive singular)
batialowi (dative singular)
batial (accusative singular)
batialem (instrumental singular)
batialu (locative singular)
batialu (singular vocative)

Internationalism, compare French bathyal or Romanian batial. Potentially borrowed from English bathyal, ultimately from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).


日本暖流

ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ ㄋㄨㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ ㄋㄨㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

Жибэнь Нуаньлю

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ nyːn¹³ lɐu̯²¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ nyːn¹³ lɐu̯²¹/


false bottom

(oceanography) Synonym of deep scattering layer.


amphidromic point

en-noun

amphidromic point (plural amphidromic points)

(oceanography) A region of the ocean which experiences little to no tidal fluctuation.


strefa afotyczna

strefa afotyczna (nominative singular)
strefy afotyczne (nominative plural)
strefy afotycznej (genitive singular)
stref afotycznych (genitive plural)
strefie afotycznej (dative singular)
strefom afotycznym (dative plural)
strefę afotyczną (accusative singular)
strefy afotyczne (accusative plural)
strefą afotyczną (instrumental singular)
strefami afotycznymi (instrumental plural)
strefie afotycznej (locative singular)
strefach afotycznych (locative plural)
strefo afotyczna (singular vocative)
strefy afotyczne (plural vocative)


strefa fotyczna

strefa fotyczna (nominative singular)
strefy fotyczne (nominative plural)
strefy fotycznej (genitive singular)
stref fotycznych (genitive plural)
strefie fotycznej (dative singular)
strefom fotycznym (dative plural)
strefę fotyczną (accusative singular)
strefy fotyczne (accusative plural)
strefą fotyczną (instrumental singular)
strefami fotycznymi (instrumental plural)
strefie fotycznej (locative singular)
strefach fotycznych (locative plural)
strefo fotyczna (singular vocative)
strefy fotyczne (plural vocative)


batialny

pl-adj

batialny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

batialny (masculine nominative singular)
batialna (feminine nominative singular)
batialne (neuter nominative singular)
batialni (nominative plural virile)
batialne (nominative plural)
batialnego (genitive masculine singular)
batialnej (feminine genitive singular)
batialnego (genitive neuter singular)
batialnych (genitive plural)
batialnych (genitive plural virile)
batialnemu (dative masculine singular)
batialnej (dative feminine singular)
batialnemu (dative neuter singular)
batialnym (dative plural)
batialnym (dative plural virile)
batialnego (accusative animate masculine singular)
batialny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
batialną (accusative feminine singular)
batialne (accusative neuter singular)
batialnych (accusative plural virile)
batialne (accusative plural)
batialnym (instrumental masculine singular)
batialną (feminine instrumental singular)
batialnym (instrumental neuter singular)
batialnymi (instrumental plural)
batialnymi (instrumental plural virile)
batialnym (locative masculine singular)
batialnej (feminine locative singular)
batialnym (locative neuter singular)
batialnych (locative plural)
batialnych (locative plural virile)


batyfotometr

batyfotometr (nominative singular)
batyfotometry (nominative plural)
batyfotometru (genitive singular)
batyfotometrów (genitive plural)
batyfotometrowi (dative singular)
batyfotometrom (dative plural)
batyfotometr (accusative singular)
batyfotometry (accusative plural)
batyfotometrem (instrumental singular)
batyfotometrami (instrumental plural)
batyfotometrze (locative singular)
batyfotometrach (locative plural)
batyfotometrze (singular vocative)
batyfotometry (plural vocative)


batypelagial

batypelagial (nominative singular)
batypelagialu (genitive singular)
batypelagialowi (dative singular)
batypelagial (accusative singular)
batypelagialem (instrumental singular)
batypelagialu (locative singular)
batypelagialu (singular vocative)


batysfera

batysfera (nominative singular)
batysfery (nominative plural)
batysfery (genitive singular)
batysfer (genitive plural)
batysferze (dative singular)
batysferom (dative plural)
batysferę (accusative singular)
batysfery (accusative plural)
batysferą (instrumental singular)
batysferami (instrumental plural)
batysferze (locative singular)
batysferach (locative plural)
batysfero (singular vocative)
batysfery (plural vocative)


bental

bental (nominative singular)
bentalu (genitive singular)
bentalowi (dative singular)
bental (accusative singular)
bentalem (instrumental singular)
bentalu (locative singular)
bentalu (singular vocative)


bentoniczny

bentoniczny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

bentoniczny (masculine nominative singular)
bentoniczna (feminine nominative singular)
bentoniczne (neuter nominative singular)
bentoniczni (nominative plural virile)
bentoniczne (nominative plural)
bentonicznego (genitive masculine singular)
bentonicznej (feminine genitive singular)
bentonicznego (genitive neuter singular)
bentonicznych (genitive plural)
bentonicznych (genitive plural virile)
bentonicznemu (dative masculine singular)
bentonicznej (dative feminine singular)
bentonicznemu (dative neuter singular)
bentonicznym (dative plural)
bentonicznym (dative plural virile)
bentonicznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
bentoniczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
bentoniczną (accusative feminine singular)
bentoniczne (accusative neuter singular)
bentonicznych (accusative plural virile)
bentoniczne (accusative plural)
bentonicznym (instrumental masculine singular)
bentoniczną (feminine instrumental singular)
bentonicznym (instrumental neuter singular)
bentonicznymi (instrumental plural)
bentonicznymi (instrumental plural virile)
bentonicznym (locative masculine singular)
bentonicznej (feminine locative singular)
bentonicznym (locative neuter singular)
bentonicznych (locative plural)
bentonicznych (locative plural virile)

(relational, biology, oceanography) benthic