mop

mop (countable and uncountable, plural mops)

→ Canadian French: moppe

→ German: Mopp

→ Irish: mapa

→ Spanish: mopa

From Middle English mappe (also as mappel), perhaps borrowed from Walloon mappe (“napkin”), from Latin mappa (“napkin, cloth”). Believed to be from a Semitic source, variously claimed as Phoenician or Punic (the latter by Quintilian). Compare Modern Hebrew מַפָּה (mapá, “a map; a cloth”) (shortened from מַנְפָּה (manpah, “fluttering banner, streaming cloth”)). Doublet of map, nape, and nappe.

(graffiti) A squeezable high-flow paint marker with an extra-wide felt or foam tip.


burden

From Middle English burden, birden, burthen, birthen, byrthen, from Old English byrden, byrþen, from Proto-West Germanic *burþini, from *burþī, from Proto-Germanic *burþį̄, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, bear”).

der

Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond
w:Rossiter W. Raymond

(metalworking) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace.


penguin

→ Assamese: পেঙ্গুইন (peṅguin)

→ Burmese: ပင်ဂွင် (panggwang)

desctree

→ Dutch: pinguïn, pinguin (superseded, dated)
Afrikaans: pikkewyn
→ French: pingouin
→ Danish: pingvin
→ Italian: pinguino
→ Persian: پنگوئن (pangu'an)
→ Portuguese: pinguim
→ Romanian: pinguin
→ Spanish: pingüino
→ Swedish: pingvin
→ Turkish: penguen

→ Hawaiian: penekuina

→ Japanese: ペンギン (pengin)

→ Khmer: ភេនឃ្វីន (pheinkhviin)

→ Korean: 펭귄 (penggwin)

→ Thai: เพนกวิน (pen-gwîn)

→ Welsh: pengwin

Etymology tree
Proto-Celtic *kʷennom
Proto-Brythonic *penn
Welsh pen?
Proto-Indo-European *weyd-der.?
Proto-Celtic *windos
Proto-Brythonic *gwɨnn
Welsh gwyn?
Proto-Indo-European *peyH-der.
Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ-influ.?
Latin pinguisder.?
English penguin
Unknown; first attested in the 16th century in reference to the auk of the Northern hemisphere; the word was later applied to the superficially similar birds of the Southern hemisphere (as was woggin). Possibly from Welsh pen (“head”) and gwyn (“white”), or from Latin pinguis (“fat”). See citations and the Wikipedia article.
(nun): Because of the often black-and-white habit, resembling the bird's colors.

etymon

(juggling) A type of catch where the palm of the hand is facing towards the leg with the arm stretched downward, resembling the flipper of a penguin.


勒

(calligraphy) the horizontal stroke; the second of the Eight Principles of Yong


字

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (字):
* → Japanese: 字(じ) (ji)
* → Korean: 자(字) (ja)
* → Vietnamese: tự (字)

→ Proto-Tai: *ɟɤ:ᴮ (“name”)

Lao: ຊື່ (sư̄, “name”)

Thai: ชื่อ (chʉ̂ʉ, “name”)

Zhuang: coh (“name”)

desc

→ Vietnamese: chữ (“script; letter; writing; word”), chửa (“to be pregnant”)

Characters in the same phonetic series (子) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zlɯs): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ, “child”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa ~ za (“child; to give birth; to take care; to be kind”). Related to:
* 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ, “child, son”) (also its phonetic component)
* 慈 (OC *zɯ, “to be kind, loving”)
* 滋 (OC *ʔsɯ, “to nourish, to grow”)
* 詞 (OC *ljɯ, “word, term”)
* 辭 (OC *ljɯ, “word, from testimony”)
Original sense (1): “to become pregnant, to give birth to, to nurture, to love” has essentially become obsolete. The sense (2) “letter, character” is either from a different root or a derivation from the sense “to produce, to generate”.
Cognate with Tibetan ཚ་བོ (tsha bo, “nephew”), Tibetan ཚ་རུས (tsha rus, “descendant”), Tibetan བཙའ (btsa', “to give birth to; to guard”), Tibetan མཛའ (mdza', “kind, peaceful, friendly”) (Quan, 1996), Burmese စာ (ca, “writing, letter”).

cog

柳字 ― liǔzì ― style of calligraphy of Liu Gongquan

(calligraphy) style of handwriting; printing type

字畫／字画

(calligraphy) (a calligrapher's) calligraphy work


handling

en-noun

handling (countable and uncountable, plural handlings)

From Middle English handlinge, hondlunge, from Old English handlung (“handling”), equivalent to handle + -ing. Cognate with Dutch handeling (“trade, operation, action”), German Handlung (“act, action”), Swedish handling (“act, deed, action”).

cog

A miniature[…]remarkable for its brilliancy of colour and charming freedom of handling.

1840, William Makepeace Thackeray, Critical Reviews:

(art) The mode of using the pencil or brush; style of touch.


彎

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (彎):
* → Japanese: 彎(わん) (wan)
* → Korean: 만(彎) (man)
* → Vietnamese: loan (彎)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qroːn): semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons).
May be cognate with 迂 (OC *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa).
; “homosexual”

Han compound

(Chinese calligraphy) a bend (such as in ㇉, ㇌, ㇟, or ㇠)


luik

nl-noun

luik n (plural luiken, diminutive luikje n)

luiken (plural)
luikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: luik

desctree

→ Russian: люк (ljuk)
→ Armenian: լյուկ (lyuk)
→ Georgian: ლიუკი (liuḳi)
→ Ukrainian: люк (ljuk)

→ Sranan Tongo: loiki

From Middle Dutch luke, from the (now obsolete) verb luiken. Cognate with German Luke.


折

Characters in the same phonetic series (折) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Originally 㪿, an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): ⿱屮屮 (“a tree 木 cut in half”) + 斤 (“axe”) – an axe cutting a tree in half.
In the current form, the left side has become 扌 (“hand”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tset (“to cut off; to sever; to break”).

inh

(Chinese calligraphy) a change in direction of a stroke (such as in ㇕, ㇉, or ㇜)


挑

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ).

Han compound

(Chinese calligraphy) a rising stroke (㇀)


捺

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *naːd): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 奈 (OC *naːls, *naːds) – to press down with the hand, stamp.

Han compound

one character does not have two falling strokes (rule used in calligraphy)

yī zì bù èr nà

一字不二捺

(Chinese calligraphy) a stroke that falls downwards towards the right (㇏)


提

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *deː, *dje): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 是 (OC *djeʔ).


撇

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰeːd): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 敝 (OC *beds, *bed).

Han compound

(Chinese calligraphy) stroke that falls downwards towards the left (㇒)


斜

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lja, *laː): semantic 斗 (“ladle/dipper”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la). The character expresses the idea of scooping or drawing out. By extension, it is also used to mean "slant" or "diagonal."

Han compound

(Chinese calligraphy) a bend to the right (such as in ㇂, ㇃, or ㇠)


曬

Compare Proto-Monic *caj (“to spread in the sun to dry”) (Schuessler, 2007).
; “(slang) to share; to show”

cog

(Cantonese, photography) to print photos


橫

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs, *kʷaːŋ): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).
; “crosswise > door rail; side; cross-grained; unrestrained”
* Related to 衡 (OC *ɡraːŋ, “crossbar”), 桁 (OC *ɡaːŋ, *ɡraːŋ, “purlin”), 珩 (OC *ɡraːŋ, “top horizontal gem of a girdle-pendant”) and 璜 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “jade pendant”) (Wang, 1982), and possibly 樑 (OC *raŋ, “roof beam”) (Schuessler, 2007).
* Schuessler (2007) connects these with Khmer ខ្វែង (khvaeng, “to cross; to intersect; to crisscross; diagonal; etc.”) < Old Khmer khveṅ (“to go far around; to encircle; to enclose”). Compare Thai ขวาง (kwǎang, “to lie across; to bar; to obstruct; to thwart”) and the Khmer derivatives កំពែង (kɑmpɛɛng, “enclosing wall; rampart”), កំពង់ (kɑmpŭəng, “crossing-place; ford; port; shore”) (cf. Malay kampung). Note also Burmese ခြင် (hkrang, “bamboo rafter”) (Luce, 1981).

cog

(Chinese calligraphy) horizontal stroke (㇐)


洗

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sɯːlʔ, *sɯːnʔ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 先 (OC *sɯːn, *sɯːns).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/b-s(j)il ~ *m/b-sjal (“to wash; to bathe”) (STEDT). Cognate with 洒 (OC *sraːls, *sɯːlʔ, “to wash”), Tibetan བསིལ (bsil, “to wash”), Mizo sil (“to wash”); more distant cognates may include Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “to wash”).

inh

沖洗／冲洗

(photography, figurative, colloquial) to print (a photo) from digital camera


海

⟨umi₁⟩ → */umij/ → /umi/
From Old Japanese, theorized as descending from Proto-Japonic *omi.
Has been thought to have been derived from a compound. There are two leading theories regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Shift from 大 (ō-, “big, great”) + 水 (mi, “water”, combining form).
: This is problematic phonetically because there is no known term having a related shift from /opo/ → /oː/ → /o/ → /u/, and semantically as there already exists a compound 大水 (ōmizu, “flood”).
* From う (u-, stem indicating “ocean”) + 水 (mi, “water”, combining form). The u- stem is evident in 魚 (uo, “fish”) and 潮 (ushio, “salt water; tide”), and in the 海 (una) element in various ancient terms (see below).

海を渡る

cross over the ocean → go to a foreign country

(calligraphy) in a 硯 (suzuri, “inkstone”), a reservoir where water is stored


passage

Borrowed into Middle English from Old French passage, from passer (“to pass”).

(art) The use of tight brushwork to link objects in separate spatial plains. Commonly seen in Cubist works.


直

desc

→ Old Turkic: tik (“vertical, straight, straightforward”)

Oghuz: دیك

Azerbaijani: dik

Turkish: dik

Turkmen: dik

Turkmen: dikan (“honest, straight, direct”)

Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 目 (“eye”) + 丨 (“vertical stroke”) – vertical stroke above the eye; looking straight ahead. Then, a black dot was drawn inside the vertical stroke and this point later became a horizontal stroke (hence getting a shape similar to 十).
The line on the side appears in bronze script and subsequently stretched under the 目 shape, while the traditional form appears in seal script.
A conservative version is used inside the character 𢛳 (> 德), while the modern version is used inside its variant 惪. Unrelated to 具 and 真.
; "simply; only"
; "straight; right"
; “heterosexual”

Han compound

直
⿱十且
𡇛
𥄂
𬽈
𰥐
𰥑
𠅺
𣓟
𣖇
𣖈
𣖴
𥠤

(Chinese calligraphy) vertical stroke in Chinese characters


真

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (真):
* → Japanese: 真(しん) (shin)
* → Korean: 진(眞) (jin)
* → Vietnamese: chân (真)

→ Lao: ຈິງ (ching)

→ Proto-Turkic: *čïn (see there for further descendants)

→ Thai: จริง (jing)

/t͡sz̩ʷøŋ⁵²/

/t͡sz̩ʷøŋ⁵²/

Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔljin): phonetic 𠂈 (OC *l'ɯːnʔ) + semantic 貝 (“cowry”); 𠂈 (a knife or dagger) was then a phonetic component. Often 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) (a nail) was added as a second phonetic component at the bottom; originally, it appeared as a black dot. He Linyi posits it to be the original character for 珍 (OC *ʔl'ɯn, “rare; valuable”).
The sound component 𠂈 corrupted into 十 in the modern form, and into 匕 in the orthodox seal script form 眞. The bottom of the character in both forms derives from the components 貝 and 丁 corrupting into 目 and 丌.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བདེན (bden, “true; truth”). Possibly connected with 貞 (OC *teŋ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

眞
𡙊
𠤛
⿱𥃭大
⿱𥃰大
⿱𥃰六
𰶵
𰶱
⿳上目大
⿳止目六
⿳十且八

(Chinese calligraphy) short for 真書／真书 (zhēnshū, “regular script”)


MP

en-noun

MP (countable and uncountable, plural MPs)

MPs (plural)
M. P. (alternative)
M.P. (alternative)

The new Canon has a 12MP ccd sensor.


磔

(literary, Chinese calligraphy) synonym of 捺 (nà)


穂

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *po. Related to 秀(ほ) (ho, “exceling; standing out”).


策

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (策):
* → Japanese: 策(さく) (saku)

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sʰreːɡ): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs).
;"to whip"
Etymologically the same word as 冊 (OC *sʰreːɡ), with an original meaning of "bamboo slips" (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

筞
*筴
箣
𠞁
𠞦
𠷽
𢄆
𥳯

Eight Principles of Yong
w:Eight Principles of Yong

(calligraphy) upward horizontal stroke (the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong)


spider

en-noun

spider (countable and uncountable, plural spiders)

[ˈspʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)]

From Middle English spiþre, spydyr, spider, spiþer, from Old English spīþra (“spider”), from Proto-West Germanic *spinþrijō, from Proto-Germanic *spinnaną (“to spin”). Mostly displaced attercop (“spider, unpleasant person”), now a dialectal term.

The spider is very useful for shooting in the studio or on locations with smooth floors where tripod legs tend to slide.

1927, H. Mario Raimondo Souto, The Technique of the Motion Picture Camera, page 64:

(photography) A support for a camera tripod, preventing it from sliding.


繃

绷
綳
䙖
絣
䙀:sling
绷
綳
掹
绷
綳
迸
绷
綳
崩
嘣

(literary, or in compounds, crafts) embroidery frame


草

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (草):
* → Japanese: 草(そう) (sō)
* → Korean: 초(草) (cho)
* → Vietnamese: thảo (草)

Vietnamese: tháu (“scrawling”)

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sʰuːʔ): semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 早 (OC *ʔsuːʔ). Originally referred to 皂, and later borrowed for the “grass” sense, replacing 艸.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tswa-n (“grass”); cognate with Tibetan རྩྭ (rtswa, “grass”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Alternatively, it may be related to 芻 (OC *sʰro, “hay”), from Austroasiatic; compare Mon ချဲ (“grass; weeds; hay”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

屮
艸
𢂉
𦯑
𦯨
𦳕
𦷣
𦳱
騲

狂草

(calligraphy) short for 草書／草书 (cǎoshū, “cursive script (grass script)”)


tres

Inherited from Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognates include Occitan and Spanish tres, Italian tre, French trois.

(castells) a castell with three castellers on each level of the tronc


quatre

Inherited from Latin quattuor (“four”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Compare Occitan quatre, French quatre, and Spanish cuatro.

(castells) a castell with four castellers per level


cop

From Middle English cop, coppe, from Old English cop, copp, from Proto-West Germanic *kopp, from Proto-Germanic *kuppaz (“vault, basin, round object”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew-. Cognate with Dutch kop, German Kopf.

check cop

probably etymologically unrelated to above terms

(crafts) The ball of thread wound on to the spindle in a spinning machine.


tank

tankok (plural)
tank (nominative singular)
tankok (nominative plural)
tankot (accusative singular)
tankokat (accusative plural)
tanknak (dative singular)
tankoknak (dative plural)
tankkal (instrumental singular)
tankokkal (instrumental plural)
tankért (causal-final singular)
tankokért (causal-final plural)
tankká (singular translative)
tankokká (plural translative)
tankig (singular terminative)
tankokig (plural terminative)
tankként (essive-formal singular)
tankokként (essive-formal plural)
tankban (inessive singular)
tankokban (inessive plural)
tankon (singular superessive)
tankokon (plural superessive)
tanknál (adessive singular)
tankoknál (adessive plural)
tankba (illative singular)
tankokba (illative plural)
tankra (singular sublative)
tankokra (plural sublative)
tankhoz (allative singular)
tankokhoz (allative plural)
tankból (elative singular)
tankokból (elative plural)
tankról (delative singular)
tankokról (delative plural)
tanktól (ablative singular)
tankoktól (ablative plural)
tanké (singular)
tankoké (plural)
tankéi (singular)
tankokéi (plural)
tankom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
tankjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tankod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
tankjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tankja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tankjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tankunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
tankjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tankotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
tankjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tankjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
tankjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(photography) developing tank (a closed container used for developing film in a daylight environment)


obi

obik (plural)
obi (nominative singular)
obik (nominative plural)
obit (accusative singular)
obikat (accusative plural)
obinak (dative singular)
obiknak (dative plural)
obival (instrumental singular)
obikkal (instrumental plural)
obiért (causal-final singular)
obikért (causal-final plural)
obivá (singular translative)
obikká (plural translative)
obiig (singular terminative)
obikig (plural terminative)
obiként (essive-formal singular)
obikként (essive-formal plural)
obiban (inessive singular)
obikban (inessive plural)
obin (singular superessive)
obikon (plural superessive)
obinál (adessive singular)
obiknál (adessive plural)
obiba (illative singular)
obikba (illative plural)
obira (singular sublative)
obikra (plural sublative)
obihoz (allative singular)
obikhoz (allative plural)
obiból (elative singular)
obikból (elative plural)
obiról (delative singular)
obikról (delative plural)
obitól (ablative singular)
obiktól (ablative plural)
obié (singular)
obiké (plural)
obiéi (singular)
obikéi (plural)
obim (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
obijaim (or obiim) (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
obid (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
obijaid (or obiid) (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
obija (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
obijai (or obii) (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
obink (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
obijaink (or obiink) (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
obitok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
obijaitok (or obiitok) (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
obijuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
obijaik (or obiik) (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Clipping and -i diminutive of objektív (“camera lens”).

(photography, informal) camera lens, photographic lens, objective


行

行 (canonical)
gyō (romanization)
gyau (romanization)
ぎやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haeng). First cited in Buddhist texts of the early 600s.
The pronunciation is goon, so likely an earlier borrowing.
* For the "formations" definition, translation of Sanskrit संस्कार (saṃskāra)
* For "austerities", translation of Sanskrit चर्या (caryā)
* For "walking", translation of Sanskrit गमन (gamana)

(calligraphy) abbreviation of 行書 (“semi-cursive script”)


豎

Possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *djoʔ): semantic 臤 + phonetic 豆 (OC *doːs).

Han compound

竖
竪
𠐊
㒘
䜿
䝂
𥪛

(Chinese calligraphy) a vertical stroke (㇑)


AAA

Allied Artists Association
w:Allied Artists Association

(UK, art, historical) Initialism of Allied Artists Association.


鉤

(Chinese calligraphy) a stroke with a hook (such as in ㇠, ㇆, ㇚, or ㇟)


ADA

en-noun

ADA (countable and uncountable, plural ADAs)

ADAs (plural)
assistant DA (alternative)
assistant D.A. (alternative)
assistant D. A. (alternative)
A.D.A. (alternative)
A. D. A. (alternative)

(art) Initialism of autodestructive art.


鎌

Kyūjitai Man'yōshū Shinjitai Sickle ja:鎌

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE. Possibly cognate with Chinese 鐮 /镰 (lián, “sickle”) (compare Old Chinese 鐮 (*ɡ·rem)).

鎌槍: a kind of polearm with a sickle-shaped blade

to get things sorted quickly and efficiently

to apply the sickle; compare English to glean

鎌を掛ける: → to get something out of a person without them being aware

(woodworking) short for 鎌継 (kamatsugi, “hammer-headed tenon”) (from the way the sickle blade sticks out perpendicular to the handle, similar to the sides of the hammer head on this kind of tenon)


魂

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (魂):
* → Japanese: 魂(こん) (kon)
* → Korean: 혼(魂) (hon)
* → Vietnamese: hồn (魂)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɢuːn): phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun) + semantic 鬼.
Cognate with 雲 (OC *ɢun, “cloud”) (Carr, 1985).

Han compound

(religion, folklore) the hun, the soul which goes to heaven, as opposed to the 魄 (pò), which goes down to the earth with the body at death.


魂

ja-noun

魂(たましい) • (tamashī) ^(←たましひ (tamasifi)?)

魂 (canonical)
tamashī (romanization)
tamasifi (romanization)
たましひ (hiragana historical)

⟨tamasipi₁⟩ → */tamasipʲi/ → /tamaɕifi/ → /tamaɕiwi/ → /tamaɕiː/
From Old Japanese.
Compound of 魂 (tama, “soul, spirit”, see below) and an uncertain shii, possibly 強ひ (shihi → shii), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 強ふ (shifu → shiu), modern 強いる (shiiru, “to force, compel”).

the word is known through the idiosyncratic romanization

the title of the video game Katamari Damacy

rendered in Japanese as 塊魂. The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku

多麻之比波安之多由布敝尓多麻布礼杼安我牟祢伊多之古非能之氣吉尓

安之多由布敝尓 あしたゆふへに

安我牟祢伊多之 あがむねいたし

古非能之氣吉尓 こひのしげきに

tamashī wa ashita-yūbe ni tamafuredo aga mune itashi koi no shigeki ni


魄

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བླ (bla) and Burmese လိပ်ပြာ (lippra).
Related to 白 (OC *braːɡ, “white”) (Schuessler, 2007).
; "illuminated part of the moon"
; "dark part of the moon"

(religion, folklore) the po, the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to 魂 (hún) which does.


魄

2004 June 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “第(だい)１話(わ) 試(し)作(さく) [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in 犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ) [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:

Kon is the heart… in other words, the soul. And haku is the force that moves the body…

魂は心…つまり魂だ。そして魄は体を動かす力…

Kon wa kokoro… Tsumari tamashī da. Soshite haku wa karada o ugokasu chikara…

As long as it has this haku thing, even a soulless corpse can move.

魄ってやつがあれば、魂のない死骸でも動くんだな。

Haku tte yatsu ga areba, tamashī no nai shigai de mo ugoku n da na.

(religion, folklore) po (haku), the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to hun (kon) which does.


點

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *teːmʔ): semantic 黑 (“black”) + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems) – black dots.


pis

(castells) each of the levels of a castell


well

From Middle English welle, from Old English wielle (“well”), from Proto-West Germanic *wallijā, from Proto-Germanic *wallijǭ (“well, swirl, wave”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”).
Cognate with West Frisian wel (“well”), Dutch wel (“well”), German Low German Well (“well”), German Welle (“wave”), Danish væld (“well; spring”), Swedish väl (“well”), Icelandic vella (“boiling; bubbling; eruption”).

cog

wool (interjection or unstressed, some accents)

the jug goes to the well until it breaks

the pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

(metalworking) The lower part of a furnace, into which the metal falls.


baba

pl-noun

baba f (diminutive babka or babcia, augmentative babsko or babisko)

babka (diminutive)
babcia (diminutive)
babsko (augmentative)
babisko (augmentative)
baba (nominative singular)
baby (nominative plural)
baby (genitive singular)
bab (genitive plural)
babie (dative singular)
babom (dative plural)
babę (accusative singular)
baby (accusative plural)
babą (instrumental singular)
babami (instrumental plural)
babie (locative singular)
babach (locative plural)
babo (singular vocative)
baby (plural vocative)

nie miała baba kłopotu, kupiła sobie prosię

(obsolete, art) leather pillow for applying paint in manual printing of canvases


pager

From page + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (measurement suffix) (sense 3).

(bookbinding) One who makes up type into pages of a book; one who binds or sorts pages into a book.


transparent

en-adj

transparent (comparative more transparent, superlative most transparent)

more transparent (comparative)
most transparent (superlative)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspārēns, trānspārēntis (“transparent”), present participle of transpareō, from Latin trans + pareō. Displaced native Old English þurhsīene.

bor

(of a material or object) See-through, clear; having the property that light passes through it almost undisturbed, such that one can see through it clearly.

(graphic design) Of a graphical image or animated GIF, having parts that allow the background to show through.


way

ways (plural)
'way (alternative dated)
’way (alternative dated)

(glassblowing, obsolete) A seventeenth-century unit of Rhenish glass containing 60 bunches.


Christ

Christs (plural)
X (alternative)
Xt (alternative)

From Middle English Crist, from Old English Crist, from Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χρῑστός (Khrīstós), proper noun use of χρῑστός (khrīstós, “[the] anointed [one]”), a semantic loan of Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”) or the Aramaic equivalent (whence ultimately also English messiah, also via Latin, Greek). Compare grime for the Proto-Indo-European root, *gʰr-ey- (“to rub, smear; to anoint”); further related to ghee.

(art) A figure or other artistic depiction of Jesus Christ.


cherub

nl-noun

cherub m (plural cherubs, diminutive cherubje n)

cherubs (plural)
cherubje (diminutive neuter)

More recent than cherubijn. Borrowed from Latin cherūb, from Ancient Greek χερούβ (kheroúb), ultimately from Biblical Hebrew כְּרוּב (k'rúv).


wash

en-noun

wash (countable and uncountable, plural washes)

From Middle English wasshen, waschen, weschen, from Old English wascan, from Proto-West Germanic *waskan, from Proto-Germanic *waskaną, *watskaną (“to wash, get wet”), from Proto-Indo-European *wed- (“wet; water”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian waaske (“to wash”), West Frisian waskje (“to wash”), Dutch wassen, wasschen (“to wash”), Low German waschen (“to wash”), German waschen (“to wash”), Danish vaske (“to wash”), Norwegian Bokmål vaske (“to wash”), Swedish vaska (“to wash”), Icelandic vaska (“to wash”).

der

(art) A smooth and translucent painting created using a paintbrush holding a large amount of solvent and a small amount of paint.


net

ca-adj

net (feminine neta, masculine plural nets, feminine plural netes)

neta (feminine)
nets (masculine plural)
netes (feminine plural)

From Old Catalan net, from Vulgar Latin *nittus, syncopated from Latin nitidus (“bright, clear”). Doublet of nèdol ('pasturage'), from Old Catalan nèdeu (“clean”), from nitidus- but without the early syncope. Compare also French net, Italian netto.

(castells) (of a castell) built without a pinya, or without a folre or manilles when it would normally have these


tangent

Borrowed from Latin tangentem, the accusative of tangēns (“touching”) (in the phrase līnea tangēns (“a touching line”)), the present participle of the verb tangō (“touch”, verb), from Proto-Italic *tangō, from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂g- (“to touch”).
Cognate with Old English þaccian (“to touch lightly, pat, stroke”). More at thack, thwack.

cog

(art) A visual interaction between two or more lines or edges that creates a perceived relationship between them, often in a way that the artist did not intend.


slave

Inherited from Middle English sclave, from Old French sclave, from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), traditionally assumed to be because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. The Latin word is from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos); see that entry and Slav for more. Displaced native Old English þēow. Thrall and bondsman/bondswoman, however, remain common synonyms. Doublet of ciao and Slav.
An alternative hypothesis derives sclavus from Ancient Greek σκῡλεύω (skūleúō), σκῡλάω (skūláō, “to strip or despoil a slain enemy”).

If you administer your own reverse DNS zones, remember to include them in your slave configuration.

2011, Roderick W. Smith, LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

(engineering, computing, photography) A device (such as a secondary flash or hard drive) that is subject to the control of another (a master).

slave

device that is controlled by another device


tap

(castells) a casteller inserted into an empty space in a pinya to make it more compact


vent

Inherited from Old Catalan vent, from Latin ventus, from Proto-Italic *wentos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts < *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).

(castells) a casteller in the pinya standing between the laterals, and holding the right leg of one segon and the left leg of another (primer vent), or a casteller placed behind one of the primers vents


glass

en-noun

glass (countable and uncountable, plural glasses)

glasses (plural)
glasse (alternative obsolete)

→ Gulf Arabic: قلاص (gḷāṣ)

→ Fiji Hindi: gilaas

→ Japanese: グラス (gurasu)

→ Kikuyu: ngirathi

→ Malay: gelas, ݢلس

From Middle English glas, from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, possibly related to Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to shine”) (compare glow), and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰleh₁- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).
Cognate with West Frisian glês, Dutch glas, Low German Glas, German Glas, Swedish glas, Icelandic gler.

pleksi

sport: barrier made of solid, transparent material

people that live in glass houses should not throw stones

people that live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

people who live in glass houses should not throw stones

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

those who live in glass houses should not throw stones

those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

Her new camera was incompatible with her old one, so she needed to buy new glass.

(uncountable, photography, informal) Lenses, considered collectively.


grain

grain (countable and uncountable, plural grains)

From Middle English greyn, grayn, grein, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin grānum (“seed”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm (“grain”). Doublet of corn, gram, granum, and grao.

𒊺

harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops

гран

unit of mass notionally based on grain's weight

(photography, videography) Visual texture in processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

rakeisuus

visual texture in processed photographic film


turn

→ Japanese: ターン (tān)

Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin tornus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn.

دَوْرَة

movement about an axis ending up with the same orientation

360° turn

movement about an axis returning to the original orientation

the first turn of the screw pays all debts

Between the pieces were individual turns, comic songs and dances.

1960, Theatre Notebook, volumes 14-16, page 122:

(circus, theater, especially physical comedy) A short skit, act, or routine.

numero

circus, theatre: short skit, act, or routine


lathe

From Middle English lathe (“turning-lathe; stand”), from Old Norse hlað (“pile, heap”)—compare dialectal Danish lad (“stand, support frame”) (as in drejelad (“turning-lathe”), savelad (“saw bench”)), dialectal Norwegian la, lad (“pile, small wall”), dialectal Swedish lad (“folding table, lay of a loom”)—from hlaða (“to load”). More at lade.

inh

Coordinate term: see at machine tool § Hyponyms

He shaped the bedpost by turning it on a lathe.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
Of the windows of the village there was one yet more often occupied; for on Sundays from morning to night, and every morning when the weather was bright, one could see at the dormer-window of the garret the profile of Monsieur Binet bending over his lathe, whose monotonous humming could be heard at the Lion d'Or.

(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.


photograph

/ˈfəʊ.təˌɡɹɑːf/

[ˈfəʊ̯.tʰə̥ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf]

/ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/

[ˈfoʊ̯.ɾəˌɡɹ̠æf]

Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.

2012 March 2, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2013-02-19, page 106:

(photography) A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


turnaround

en-noun

turnaround (countable and uncountable, plural turnarounds)

turnarounds (plural)
turn-around (alternative)
turn around (alternative)
turnround (alternative)

/ˈtɜːnəˌɹaʊnd/

/ˈtɜɹnəˌɹaʊnd/

Many media arts companies use turnarounds to ensure that when you draw the character you know what it looks like from the front, the side and the back.

2012, Bryan Tillman, Creative Character Design, page 134:

(art) A series of sketches of a character as seen from different angles.


collage

→ Catalan: collage

→ Chinese: 珂拉琪

→ Dutch: collage

→ English: collage

→ German: Collage

→ Irish: colláis

→ Italian: collage

→ Japanese: コラージュ

→ Korean: 콜라주 (kollaju)

→ Portuguese: colagem (semantic loan)

→ Russian: колла́ж (kolláž) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkish: kolaj


kopi

* From Dutch kopie, from French copie, from Medieval Latin copia (“reproduction, transcript”), from Latin cōpia (“plenty, abundance”), from *coopia, from co- (“together”) + ops (“wealth, riches”).
* From Dutch kopij (“manuscript”), variant of kopie, see above.


weak

en-adj

weak (comparative weaker, superlative weakest)

weaker (comparative)
weakest (superlative)
weake (alternative obsolete)

healthy

antonym(s) of “lacking in force or ability”

potent

antonym(s) of “lacking in taste or potency”

From Middle English weyk, wayk, weik, waik, from Old Norse veikr (“weak”), from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz (“weak, yielded, pliant, bendsome”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to bend, wind”).
Cognate with Old English wāc (“weak, bendsome”), Saterland Frisian wook (“soft, gentle, tender”), West Frisian weak (“soft”), Dutch week (“soft, weak”), German weich (“weak, soft”), Norwegian veik (“weak”), Swedish vek (“weak, pliant”), Icelandic veikur (“bendsome, weak”). Related to Old English wīcan (“to yield”). Doublet of week and wick.

cog

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak

the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must

a weak negative


against the grain

/əˈɡɛnst ðə ɡɹeɪn/

(woodworking, of sanding or planing a piece of wood) Preventing a smooth, level surface from being formed by raising the nap of the wood or causing larger splinters to form ahead of the cutting tool below the cutting surface.


fair

en-verb

fair (third-person singular simple present fairs, present participle fairing, simple past and past participle faired)

fairs (present singular third-person)
fairing (participle present)
faired (participle past)
faired (past)

From Middle English fayr, feir, fager, from Old English fæġer (“beautiful”), from Proto-West Germanic *fagr, from Proto-Germanic *fagraz (“suitable, fitting, nice”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to fasten, place”).
Cognate with Scots fayr, fare (“fair”), Danish feir, faver, fager (“fair, pretty”), Norwegian fager (“fair, pretty”), Swedish fager (“fair, pretty”), Icelandic fagur (“beautiful, fair”), Umbrian pacer (“gracious, merciful, kind”), Slovak pekný (“good-looking, handsome, nice”). See also peace.

cog

Since the sequence of data contain sampling noises, the captured motion is not smooth and wiggles along the moving path. There are well-known fairing algorithms in Euclidean space based on difference geometry.

1996, Computer Animation '96: June 3-4, 1996, Geneva, Switzerland, page 136:

(transitive, art) To make an animation smooth, removing any jerkiness.


fountain

From Middle English [Term?]; from Old French fontaine (whence modern fontaine); from Late Latin fontana, from Latin fontanus, fontaneus, adjectives from fons (“source, spring”).

(juggling) A juggling pattern typically done with an even number of props where each prop is caught by the same hand that throws it.


bracket

en-verb

bracket (third-person singular simple present brackets, present participle bracketing, simple past and past participle bracketed)

brackets (present singular third-person)
bracketing (participle present)
bracketed (participle past)
bracketed (past)

From earlier bragget, *bracket, from Middle English *braget, *braket (attested in braket nail), from Old French braguette (“the opening in the fore part of a pair of breeches, one's fly”), a diminutive of Old French brague (“knickers, britches”), from Old Occitan braga, from Latin brāca (“pants”), from Transalpine Gaulish *brāca, from Proto-Germanic *brāks, an early form of Proto-Germanic *brōks (“leggings, breeches, trousers”).

der

(photography) To take multiple images of the same subject, using a range of exposure settings, in order to help ensure that a satisfactory image is obtained.

haarukoida

to photograph at multiple exposure levels


process

en-verb

process (third-person singular simple present processes, present participle processing, simple past and past participle processed)

processes (present singular third-person)
processing (participle present)
processed (participle past)
processed (past)

From Middle English proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin prōcessus (“course, progression”), nominalization of prōcēdō (“proceed, advance”).

(transitive, photography, film) To develop photographic film.


historical

en-adj

historical (comparative more historical, superlative most historical)

more historical (comparative)
most historical (superlative)
historicall (alternative)

From Latin historicus (“historical”) + -al (forming adjectives denoting of or relating to). By surface analysis, history + -ical.

suf

Hagiography, the historical genre which is the subject of this week's seminar, comprises narratives concerned with the saints and their achievements, especially the miracles which God has performed through them and on their behalf.

2017 December 8, Paul Hayward, “Seminar VII: Hagiography”, in Medieval Primary Sources—Genre, Rhetoric and Transmission:

There is no acknowledgment—because there is no understanding—that sometimes historical fiction departs from facts in order to reach for more abstract, thematic, or complexly intuitive truths that even the most diligently fact-checked histories and biographies can fail to illuminate.

2015 January 28, Mark Harris, “How 'Selma' Got Smeared”, in Grantland:

Of, concerning, or in accordance with recorded history, (particularly) as opposed to legends, myths, and fictions.

(literature, art) About history; depicting persons or events from history.

Of, concerning, or in accordance with the past generally.


stalk

From Middle English stalke, stelke, stalk, perhaps from Old English *stealc, *stielc, *stealuc, from Proto-West Germanic *staluk, *stalik, from Proto-Germanic *stalukaz, *stalikaz, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *stalô, *staluz (“support, stem, stalk”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stand; be stiff; stud, post, trunk, stake, stem, stalk”). Cognate with Old High German *stelh in wazzarstelh (“wagtail”), Danish stilk (“stalk, stem”), Swedish stjälk (“stalk, stem”), Icelandic stilkur (“stalk, stem”).
Related also to Middle English stale (“ladder upright, stalk”), Old English stalu (“wooden upright”), Middle Low German stal, stale (“chair leg”), Old English stela (“stalk”), Dutch steel (“stalk”), German Stiel (“stalk”), Albanian shtalkë (“crossbeam, board used as a door hinge”), Welsh telm (“frond”), Ancient Greek στειλειή (steileiḗ, “beam”), Old Armenian ստեղն (stełn, “trunk, stalk”).

varsi

something resembling the stalk of a plant

(metalworking) An iron bar with projections inserted in a core to strengthen it; a core arbor.


ASCII art

Japanese: AA (AA)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ASCII art.wav

(computing, art) A form of letter art that uses only ASCII characters.

ASCII藝術 /ASCII艺术

(computing, art, by extension) Letter art in general, even that which uses non-ASCII characters.


roman

fr-adj

roman (feminine romane, masculine plural romans, feminine plural romanes)

romane (feminine)
romans (masculine plural)
romanes (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin romanusor derived from the French noun below, itself from Old French romanz (“common language”).


couch

→ German: Couch

→ Serbo-Croatian: кауч /kauč

From Middle English couche, cowche, from Old French couche, from the verb (see below). Doublet of cwtch.

For the re-lining, the usual method is to strain a new and strong cloth of an even surface upon the stretcher, to rub it down smooth with pumice stone, and then to give it an even couch of paste, a similar couch is then to be applied to the back of the picture after it has been freed from all inequalities; […]

1839, Jean-François-Léonor Mérimée, W[illiam] B[enjamin] Sarsfield Taylor, “On the Preservation of Pictures, and the Methods Used for Restoring Them”, in The Art of Painting in Oil, and in Fresco: Being a History of the Various Processes and Materials Employed, from Its Discovery, by Hubert and John Van Eyck, to the Present Time: Translated from the Original French Treatise of M. J. F. L. Mérimée, Secretary to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, in Paris. With Original Observations on the Rise and Progress of British Art, the French and English Chromatic Scales, and Theories of Colouring, by W. B. Sarsfield Taylor, Senior Curator of the Living Model Academy, &c. &c., London: Whittaker & Co. Ave Maria Lane, →OCLC, page 231:

Once you have chosen which color of underpainting you will use, you should apply the paint to get the values, lighting, and the likeness perfect. The underpainting is applied using a couch of medium and the paint is worked into that medium in very small amounts and in small areas at a time. […] Your paint should glide and then melt into the couch as you work the paint with your brush.

2008, Jodi Brody, Portrait Painting with Classical Old Masters Techniques: A Guide to Using the Venetian Methods, [Raleigh, N.C.]: Lulu, →ISBN, page 58:

(art, painting and gilding) A preliminary layer, as of colour or size.


couch

en-verb

couch (third-person singular simple present couches, present participle couching, simple past and past participle couched)

couches (present singular third-person)
couching (participle present)
couched (participle past)
couched (past)
cowch (alternative)
cowch (alternative)

From Middle English couchen, from Old French (se) couchier, (se) colchier (“go to bed, lay down”), from Latin collocāre (“set in place”), from com- (“together, with”) + locāre. Doublet of collocate.

He invented the grooved wood roll or mandrel on which the thin film of wet paper, as couched from the cylinder mould, was wound and thus the sheet built up to the required thickness, when it was cut from the roll or mandrel along the groove and peeled off to be air dried and sheet calendered.

1922 May, “Paper board industry is distinctly American”, in Shears, volume 30, Lafayette, Ind.: Haywood Pub. Co., →OCLC, page 103:

Couching involves transferring the sheet of paper from the mould to the felt. […] After couching the sheet, place a new felt on top and repeat the operation.

2003, Josep Asunción, The Complete Book of Papermaking, New York, N.Y.: Lark Books, →ISBN, page 80:

(papermaking, transitive) To transfer (for example, sheets of partly dried pulp) from the wire mould to a felt blanket for further drying.


leaf

en-noun

leaf (countable and uncountable, plural leaves)

Tok Pisin: lip

From Middle English leef, from Old English lēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *laub, from Proto-Germanic *laubą (“leaf”), from Proto-Indo-European *lowbʰ-o-m, from *lewbʰ- (“leaf, rind”)
See also West Frisian leaf, Low German Loov, Dutch loof, German Laub, Danish løv, Swedish löv, Norwegian Nynorsk lauv, Icelandic lauf; also Irish luibh (“herb”), Latin liber (“bast; book”), Lithuanian lúoba (“bark”), Albanian labë (“rind”), Latvian luba (“plank, board”), Russian луб (lub, “bast”).
(Internet slang: Canadian): In reference to the maple leaf as national symbol.

flat-leaf parsley

Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum group; syn. Petroselinum crispum var. neapolitanum

Heretofore advertisers have had to buy and pay for a leaf — two pages.

1900, Profitable Advertising, volume 10, number 2, page 893:

(publishing, bookbinding, advertising) A sheet of a book, magazine, etc. (consisting of two pages, one on each face of the leaf).


batter

en-verb

batter (third-person singular simple present batters, present participle battering, simple past and past participle battered)

batters (present singular third-person)
battering (participle present)
battered (participle past)
battered (past)

From Middle English batteren, batren, bateren, a frequentative of Middle English batten, baten (“to beat”), equivalent to bat + -er (frequentative suffix).

(metalworking) To flatten (metal) by hammering, so as to compress it inwardly and spread it outwardly.


aerial

aerials (plural)
aërial (alternative archaic)

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

From Latin āeri(us) + -al, from Ancient Greek ἀέριος (aérios), from ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”).

Hemment is on record as being the first person to film aerials of wildlife – he filmed a flock of wild ducks early in 1911, possibly on Rainey's Louisiana property.

2010, Jean Hartley, Africa's Big Five and Other Wildlife Filmmakers:


focus

en-noun

focus (countable and uncountable, plural foci or focuses or focusses)

foci (plural)
focuses (plural)
focusses (plural)

Borrowed from Latin focus (“hearth, fireplace”); see there for more. Doublet of fuel.
Kepler introduced the term into mathematics and the sciences in describing elliptical orbits of planets (quote from Nicholas Mee) :
"One of the interesting properties of an ellipse is that if there were a light bulb at one focus, then all the light that it emits would reflect off the ellipse and converge at the other focus. This is why Kepler originally used the name focus for these points."

bor+

Unfortunately, the license plate is out of focus in this image.

Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus.[…]A photo processing technique called focus stacking has changed that. Developed as a tool to electronically combine the sharpest bits of multiple digital images, focus stacking is a boon to biologists seeking full focus on a micron scale.

2013 July-August, Catherine Clabby, “Focus on Everything”, in American Scientist:

(uncountable, photography, cinematography) The fact of the convergence of light on the photographic medium.

fokus

During this scene, the boy’s face shifts subtly from soft focus into sharp focus.

(uncountable, photography, cinematography) The quality of the convergence of light on the photographic medium.


pelta

From Latin pelta, from Ancient Greek πέλτη (péltē, “shield”).

A pattern of red and blue peltae on a white ground, arranged in groups of four with two peltae placed back to back and one at each end facing inward, forms the outer border on the east side of the mosaic.

1960, Saul S. Weinberg, The Southeast Building, the Twin Basilicas, the Mosaic House:

Evidently it was a deliberate choice to select from the repertory of opus sectile, often extremely figurative, only those decorative motifs that were amenable to sixteenth-century architectural classicism, like the peltae on the Farnese tables, which were still used for the seventeenth-century pavement of the Confessio of St Peter's.

2006, Anna Maria Giusti, Pietre Dure: The Art of Semiprecious Stonework:

Surrounding the square frame of round-tongued double guilloche is a broad white band with large lozenges (two on each side), outlined dark grey, with their acute angles terminating in voluted peltae with undulating spurs on their roundels.

2009, David S. Neal, Roman Mosaics of Britain: South-East Britain, page 424:

(art, historical) A crescent-shaped design used in mosaics.


torso

Borrowed from Italian torso, from Latin thyrsus, from Ancient Greek θύρσος (thúrsos, “Bacchic staff”). Doublet of tirso and possibly trozo.

der

(photography) a picture of a person, excluded legs


homunculus

Unadapted borrowing from Latin homunculus (“little man”). Compare the adapted borrowing omuncolo.

ubor

(alchemy, folklore) homunculus (a legendary figure resembling a little man, who was said to be created through alchemy)


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, Patronus, and patroon.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

From this point those who became pupils went on to a further series of shops, usually commencing with the pattern shop. […] However, some of us did make quite reasonable patterns and had the satisfaction of seeing castings produced from them but, sad to say, many of these efforts were used as firewood after they had left the shop.

1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 341:

But instead, the distinctive ironwork and glass platform awnings have been carefully refurbished, while making them compatible with the overhead wiring. Kettering's island Platform 2/3 is especially noteworthy. Although it dates from 1879, when the station was enlarged to four platforms, the same original (1857) patterns for the delicate cast-ironwork seem to have been used - […].

2022 December 14, Robin Leleux, “A royal occasion as heritage projects honoured: Kettering”, in RAIL, number 972, page 56:

(metalworking, dated) A full-sized model around which a mould of sand is made, to receive the melted metal. It is usually made of wood and in several parts, so as to be removed from the mould without damage.


Seele

de-noun

Seele f (genitive Seele, plural Seelen, diminutive Seelchen n)

Seele (genitive)
Seelen (plural)
Seelchen (diminutive neuter)
Seele (nominative singular)
Seelen (definite nominative plural)
Seele (genitive singular)
Seelen (definite genitive plural)
Seele (dative singular)
Seelen (dative definite plural)
Seele (accusative singular)
Seelen (accusative definite plural)
Seel (alternative poetic)
Seel' (alternative poetic)

From Middle High German sēle, from Old High German sēula, sēla, from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō. Cognate with Low German Seel, Dutch ziel, English soul, Danish sjæl.
The type of bread is probably related to Allerseelen (“All Souls' Day”).


kleur

af-verb

kleur (present kleur, present participle kleurende, past participle gekleur)

kleur (present)
kleurende (participle present)
gekleur (participle past)

(photography, cinematography) to colorize, to colourise


top

en-noun

top (countable and uncountable, plural tops)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

suprulo

BDSM: dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay

one's elevator doesn't go all the way to the top

(ropemaking) A plug or conical block of wood with longitudinal grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting.


value

en-noun

value (countable and uncountable, plural values)

From Middle English valew, value, from Old French value, feminine past participle of valoir, from Latin valēre (“be strong, be worth”), from Proto-Italic *walēō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to be strong”).

der

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class V § 812a. Value

When pigments of equal value are mixed together, the resulting color will be a darker value. This is the result of subtraction.

2006, Edith Anderson Feisner, Colour: How to Use Colour in Art and Design:

Shadows and light move very quickly when you are painting on location. Use Cobalt Blue to quickly establish the painting's values.

2010, Rose Edin, Dee Jepsen, Color Harmonies: Paint Watercolors Filled with Light:

(art) The relative darkness or lightness of a color in (a specific area of) a painting etc.


bead

en-verb

bead (third-person singular simple present beads, present participle beading, simple past and past participle beaded)

beads (present singular third-person)
beading (participle present)
beaded (participle past)
beaded (past)

From Middle English bede (“a prayer”), also “a bead for counting prayers” in a peire of bedes (literally “a pair of beads”), from Old English bedu, bed, ġebed (“a request, entreaty, prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *bedu, *bed, *gabed, from Proto-Germanic *bedō, *bedą.
Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.

(woodworking)
(intransitive) To form into a bead.

The raindrops beaded on the car's waxed finish.


pyro

en-noun

pyro (countable and uncountable, plural pyros)

Shortening of a word starting with pyro-, ultimately from Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr, “fire”).

(uncountable, archaic, especially photography) Pyrogallol, pyrogallic acid.


carrier

From Middle English cariere, partly from carien + -ere, after Anglo-Norman carier, cariour, and partly directly from Anglo-Norman. By surface analysis, carry + -er.

но́сьбіт

person or object that carries someone or something else

Linseed oil is often used as the carrier for pigment in oil painting.

inert carrier gas

(art, manufacturing) A liquid or gas used as a medium for another substance.


taulu

taulu (nominative singular)
taulut (nominative plural)
taulu (accusative nominative singular)
taulut (accusative nominative plural)
taulun (accusative genitive singular)
taulut (accusative genitive plural)
taulun (genitive singular)
taulujen (genitive plural)
taulua (partitive singular)
tauluja (partitive plural)
taulussa (inessive singular)
tauluissa (inessive plural)
taulusta (elative singular)
tauluista (elative plural)
tauluun (illative singular)
tauluihin (illative plural)
taululla (adessive singular)
tauluilla (adessive plural)
taululta (ablative singular)
tauluilta (ablative plural)
taululle (allative singular)
tauluille (allative plural)
tauluna (essive singular)
tauluina (essive plural)
tauluksi (singular translative)
tauluiksi (plural translative)
taulutta (abessive singular)
tauluitta (abessive plural)
tauluin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
tauluni (nominative singular)
tauluni (nominative plural)
tauluni (accusative nominative singular)
tauluni (accusative nominative plural)
tauluni (accusative genitive singular)
tauluni (accusative genitive plural)
tauluni (genitive singular)
taulujeni (genitive plural)
tauluani (partitive singular)
taulujani (partitive plural)
taulussani (inessive singular)
tauluissani (inessive plural)
taulustani (elative singular)
tauluistani (elative plural)
tauluuni (illative singular)
tauluihini (illative plural)
taulullani (adessive singular)
tauluillani (adessive plural)
taulultani (ablative singular)
tauluiltani (ablative plural)
taululleni (allative singular)
tauluilleni (allative plural)
taulunani (essive singular)
tauluinani (essive plural)
taulukseni (singular translative)
tauluikseni (plural translative)
tauluttani (abessive singular)
tauluittani (abessive plural)
tauluineni (comitative plural)
taulusi (nominative singular)
taulusi (nominative plural)
taulusi (accusative nominative singular)
taulusi (accusative nominative plural)
taulusi (accusative genitive singular)
taulusi (accusative genitive plural)
taulusi (genitive singular)
taulujesi (genitive plural)
tauluasi (partitive singular)
taulujasi (partitive plural)
taulussasi (inessive singular)
tauluissasi (inessive plural)
taulustasi (elative singular)
tauluistasi (elative plural)
tauluusi (illative singular)
tauluihisi (illative plural)
taulullasi (adessive singular)
tauluillasi (adessive plural)
taulultasi (ablative singular)
tauluiltasi (ablative plural)
taulullesi (allative singular)
tauluillesi (allative plural)
taulunasi (essive singular)
tauluinasi (essive plural)
tauluksesi (singular translative)
tauluiksesi (plural translative)
tauluttasi (abessive singular)
tauluittasi (abessive plural)
tauluinesi (comitative plural)
taulumme (nominative singular)
taulumme (nominative plural)
taulumme (accusative nominative singular)
taulumme (accusative nominative plural)
taulumme (accusative genitive singular)
taulumme (accusative genitive plural)
taulumme (genitive singular)
taulujemme (genitive plural)
tauluamme (partitive singular)
taulujamme (partitive plural)
taulussamme (inessive singular)
tauluissamme (inessive plural)
taulustamme (elative singular)
tauluistamme (elative plural)
tauluumme (illative singular)
tauluihimme (illative plural)
taulullamme (adessive singular)
tauluillamme (adessive plural)
taulultamme (ablative singular)
tauluiltamme (ablative plural)
taulullemme (allative singular)
tauluillemme (allative plural)
taulunamme (essive singular)
tauluinamme (essive plural)
tauluksemme (singular translative)
tauluiksemme (plural translative)
tauluttamme (abessive singular)
tauluittamme (abessive plural)
tauluinemme (comitative plural)
taulunne (nominative singular)
taulunne (nominative plural)
taulunne (accusative nominative singular)
taulunne (accusative nominative plural)
taulunne (accusative genitive singular)
taulunne (accusative genitive plural)
taulunne (genitive singular)
taulujenne (genitive plural)
tauluanne (partitive singular)
taulujanne (partitive plural)
taulussanne (inessive singular)
tauluissanne (inessive plural)
taulustanne (elative singular)
tauluistanne (elative plural)
tauluunne (illative singular)
tauluihinne (illative plural)
taulullanne (adessive singular)
tauluillanne (adessive plural)
taulultanne (ablative singular)
tauluiltanne (ablative plural)
taulullenne (allative singular)
tauluillenne (allative plural)
taulunanne (essive singular)
tauluinanne (essive plural)
tauluksenne (singular translative)
tauluiksenne (plural translative)
tauluttanne (abessive singular)
tauluittanne (abessive plural)
tauluinenne (comitative plural)
taulunsa (nominative singular)
taulunsa (nominative plural)
taulunsa (accusative nominative singular)
taulunsa (accusative nominative plural)
taulunsa (accusative genitive singular)
taulunsa (accusative genitive plural)
taulunsa (genitive singular)
taulujensa (genitive plural)
tauluaan (partitive singular)
tauluansa (partitive singular)
taulujaan (partitive plural)
taulujansa (partitive plural)
taulussaan (inessive singular)
taulussansa (inessive singular)
tauluissaan (inessive plural)
tauluissansa (inessive plural)
taulustaan (elative singular)
taulustansa (elative singular)
tauluistaan (elative plural)
tauluistansa (elative plural)
tauluunsa (illative singular)
tauluihinsa (illative plural)
taulullaan (adessive singular)
taulullansa (adessive singular)
tauluillaan (adessive plural)
tauluillansa (adessive plural)
taulultaan (ablative singular)
taulultansa (ablative singular)
tauluiltaan (ablative plural)
tauluiltansa (ablative plural)
taululleen (allative singular)
taulullensa (allative singular)
tauluilleen (allative plural)
tauluillensa (allative plural)
taulunaan (essive singular)
taulunansa (essive singular)
tauluinaan (essive plural)
tauluinansa (essive plural)
taulukseen (singular translative)
tauluksensa (singular translative)
tauluikseen (plural translative)
tauluiksensa (plural translative)
tauluttaan (abessive singular)
tauluttansa (abessive singular)
tauluittaan (abessive plural)
tauluittansa (abessive plural)
tauluineen (comitative plural)
tauluinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Late Old Swedish tafla, ultimately from Latin tabula.

(art) picture, print etc., especially a framed one


marine

head

marine c (singular definite marinen, plural indefinite mariner)

marinen (definite singular)
mariner (indefinite plural)
marine (indefinite nominative singular)
marinen (definite nominative singular)
mariner (indefinite nominative plural)
marinerne (definite nominative plural)
marines (genitive indefinite singular)
marinens (definite genitive singular)
mariners (genitive indefinite plural)
marinernes (definite genitive plural)

(art) painting with motifs related to the sea


joey

From Joseph Grimaldi (1778–1837), a popular English entertainer.


qualify

en-verb

qualify (third-person singular simple present qualifies, present participle qualifying, simple past and past participle qualified)

qualifies (present singular third-person)
qualifying (participle present)
qualified (participle past)
qualified (past)

Borrowed from Middle French qualifier (“to qualify”). Equivalent to quality + -fy.

bor+

to qualify seven balls you need at least fourteen catches

(juggling) To throw and catch each object at least twice.


qualify

(juggling) An instance of throwing and catching each prop at least twice.


sauce

en-noun

sauce (countable and uncountable, plural sauces)

sauces (plural)
sawce (alternative obsolete)

→ Japanese: ソース

→ Scottish Gaelic: sabhs

PIE word
 *séh₂ls
From Middle English sauce, from Old French sause, from Vulgar Latin *salsa, noun use of the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), past participle of saliō (“I salt”), from sal. Doublet of salsa.
For the meaning development compare Ancient Greek ἥδυσμα (hḗdusma) ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (whence also English sweet).

source (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)

what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander

(art) A soft crayon for use in stump drawing or in shading with the stump.


development

development (countable and uncountable, plural developments)

developments (plural)
developement (alternative)

From French développement, from Old French desvelopemens (“unrolling”). By surface analysis, develop + -ment. First attested in 1756.

I sent the film to a specialist lab for development.

(photography) The processing of photographic film so as to bring out the images latent in it.


up

down

antonym(s) of “traveling towards a major terminus”

From Middle English up, from Old English upp, from Proto-Germanic *upp, see more there.

Being "up" means having numerous graffiti in the tagging landscape.

1996, Matthew Busby Hunt, The Sociolinguistics of Tagging and Chicano Gang Graffiti, page 71:

Graffiti writers want their names seen by writers and others so that they will be famous. Therefore writers are very serious about any opportunity to “get up.” […] The throw-up became one of the fundamental techniques for getting up, and thereby gaining recognition and fame.

2009, Gregory J. Snyder, Graffiti Lives: Beyond the Tag in New York's Urban Underground, pages 16–40:

From his great rooftop pieces, selected for high visibility, to his sneaky tags and fun loving stickers, he most certainly knows how to get up.

2011, Adam Melnyk, Visual Orgasm: The Early Years of Canadian Graffiti:

Won by Park Top (Lester Piggott up), at Epsom on June 5, 1969

2003, Nicolas Barker, The Devonshire Inheritance: Five Centuries of Collecting at Chatsworth:


soul

soul (countable and uncountable, plural souls)

souls (plural)
sowl (alternative)
soule (alternative)

→ German: Soul

→ Esperanto: soulo

→ French: soul

→ Hungarian: soul

→ Italian: soul

→ Japanese: ソウル

→ Polish: soul

→ Portuguese: soul

→ Romanian: soul

→ Russian: со́ул (sóul)

→ Scots: sowel

→ Spanish: soul

→ Ukrainian: со́ул (sóul)

From Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol (“soul, life, spirit, being”), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō (“soul”), of uncertain ultimate origin (see there for further information). Cognate with Scots saul, sowel (“soul”), North Frisian siel, sial (“soul”), Saterland Frisian Seele (“soul”), West Frisian siel (“soul”), Dutch ziel (“soul”), German Seele (“soul”) Scandinavian homonyms seem to have been borrowed from Old Saxon *siala. Modern Danish sjæl, Swedish själ, Norwegian sjel, Icelandic sál, Finnish sielu may have come from Old English sāwol.

inh

1836, Hans Christian Andersen (translated into English by Mrs. H. B. Paull in 1872), The Little Mermaid
"Among the daughters of the air," answered one of them. "A mermaid has not an immortal soul, nor can she obtain one unless she wins the love of a human being. On the power of another hangs her eternal destiny. But the daughters of the air, although they do not possess an immortal soul, can, by their good deeds, procure one for themselves.

No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or[…]. And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:

Flowey: See that heart? That is your SOUL, the very culmination of your being!

2015 September 15, Toby Fox, Undertale, Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X:

(religion, folklore) The spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality, often believed to live on after the person's death.

аԥсы

the spirit or essence of a person that is often believed to live on after the person's death


santo

A santo may get a new coat of paint on its feast day or at Christmas. Or sometimes, when a prayer has been granted, a Puerto Rican repays his santo with a fresh coat of paint.

1972, Shirley Glubok, The Art of the Spanish in the United States and Puerto Rico:

(art) A wooden or ivory statue of a saint, angel or other religious figure, found in Spain and former Spanish colonies.


squeegee

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-squeegee.wav

Probably from squeege, an intensified form of squeeze. Compare earlier squill-gee, squillgee.

скребо́к

с рези́новой наса́дкой

A roller used to similar effect, particularly

(photography) A tool used to remove excess moisture from a print.


cinquecento

a cinquecento painting


cinquecento

cinquecento (accusative indefinite nominative)
cinquecentoul (accusative definite nominative)
cinquecento (indefinite)
cinquecentoului (definite)
cinquecentoule (vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian cinquecento.


adopt

From Middle French adopter, from Latin adoptō; ad + optō (“to choose, desire”), equivalent to ad- + opt.


intent

(castells) a castell that collapses before its construction is completed (as opposed to a castell carregat, which collapses after it is completed, or an intent desmuntat, which is not completed but is successfully dismantled without collapsing)


breadth

en-noun

breadth (countable and uncountable, plural breadths)

From Middle English bredthe, alteration (due to nouns ending in -th: length, strength, wrength, etc.) of brede ("breadth"; see bread). Equivalent to broad + -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognate with Scots bredth (“breadth”), Saterland Frisian Bratte (“breadth”), West Frisian breedte (“breadth”), Dutch breedte (“breadth”), German Low German Breddte, Breddt (“breadth”), German Breite (“breadth”), Danish bredde (“breadth”), Norwegian Bokmål bredde (“breadth”), Swedish bredd (“breadth”).

(art) A style in painting in which details are strictly subordinated to the harmony of the whole composition.


rip

en-verb

rip (third-person singular simple present rips, present participle ripping, simple past and past participle ripped)

rips (present singular third-person)
ripping (participle present)
ripped (participle past)
ripped (past)

From Middle English rippen, from earlier ryppen (“to pluck”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rupjaną, *ruppōną (compare West Frisian rippe, ripje, roppe, ropje (“to rip”), Dutch dialectal rippen, Low German ruppen, German Low German röpen, German rupfen), intensive of *raupijaną (compare Old English rīpan, rīepan (“to plunder”), West Frisian rippe (“to rip, tear”), German raufen (“to rip”)), causative of Proto-Indo-European *roub- ~ *reub- (compare Albanian rrabe ‘maquis’, possibly Latin rubus (“bramble”)), variant of *Hrewp- (“to break”). More at reave, rob.

Coordinate term: crosscut

(woodworking) To cut wood along (parallel to) the grain.

halkaista

woodworking: to cut wood along the grain


panoramic

/ˌpænəˈɹæmɪk/

Scenic panoramics were not the best sellers. All commercial panoramic photographers specialized in pictures of large groups.

2003, Robert Bogdan, Henry M. Beach, Adirondack vernacular: the photography of Henry M. Beach, page 35:


film

en-noun

film (countable and uncountable, plural films)

→ Amharic: ፊልም (film)

→ Bulgarian: филм (film)

→ Catalan: film

→ Chinese: 菲林 (fēilín)

→ Crimean Tatar: film

→ Czech: film

→ Danish: film

desctree

→ Dutch: film
→ Caribbean Hindustani: felam
→ Caribbean Javanese: film
→ Indonesian: film
→ Javanese: film, filem

→ French: film
→ Albanian: film
→ Arabic: فِيلْم (fīlm), فِلْم (film)
→ Khmer: ហ្វីល (fiil)
→ Lingala: filme
→ Persian: فیلم (film)
→ Romanian: film
→ Turkish: film
→ Vietnamese: phim

→ Galician: filme

→ German: Film
→ Estonian: film
→ Silesian: film

→ Greek: φιλμ (film)

→ Haitian Creole: fim

→ Hebrew: פילם (film)

→ Hindi: फ़िल्म (film)

→ Hungarian: film

→ Italian: film

→ Japanese: フィルム (firumu)

→ Korean: 필름 (pilleum)

→ Lao: ຟີມ (fīm)

→ Latvian: filma

→ Lithuanian: filmas

→ Macedonian: филм (film)

→ Malay: filem

→ Malayalam: ഫിലിം (philiṁ)

→ Marathi: फिल्म (philma)

→ Norman: film

→ Pashto: پلم (pilm)

→ Polish: film
→ Kashubian: film

→ Portuguese: filme

→ Punjabi: ਫ਼ਿਲਮ (filam)

→ Russian: фильм (filʹm), фи́льма (fílʹma) — obsolete, feminine, фильмъ (filʹm) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: ֆիլմ (film)
→ Azerbaijani: film
→ Belarusian: фільм (filʹm)
→ Georgian: ფილმი (pilmi)
→ Kazakh:
Arabic script: فيلم
Cyrillic script: фильм (film)
→ Kyrgyz: фильм (film)
→ Mongolian:
Cyrillic script: фильм (filʹm)
Mongolian script: ᠹᠢᠯᠢᠮ (filim)
→ Ukrainian: фільм (filʹm)
→ Uyghur: فىلىم (filim)
→ Uzbek: film

→ Scottish Gaelic: film

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фи̏лм

Latin script: fȉlm

→ Sinhalese: ෆිල්ම් (film)

→ Slovak: film

→ Spanish: filme

→ Swahili: filamu

→ Tigrinya: ፊልም (film)

→ Thai: ฟิล์ม (fim)

→ Urdu: فلم (film)

→ Welsh: ffilm

→ Yiddish: פֿילם (film)

From Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-West Germanic *filmīn-, from Proto-Germanic *filmīn- (“thin skin, membrane”) (compare Proto-Germanic *felma- (“skin, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”). Cognate with Old Frisian filmene (“thin skin, human skin”), Middle Dutch velm, vilm (“fleece, film, membrane”), Old High German felm (“peel, skin, wrap”), Old English *felma (in ǣġerfelma (“egg membrane”)). Related also to Dutch vel (“sheet, skin”), German Fell (“skin, hide, fur”), Swedish fjäll (“fur blanket, cloth, scale”), Norwegian fille (“rag, cloth”), Lithuanian plėvē (“membrane, scab”), Russian плева́ (plevá, “membrane”), Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”). More at fell. Sense of a thin coat of something is 1577, extended by 1845 to the coating of chemical gel on photographic plates. By 1895 this also meant the coating plus the paper or celluloid.

cog

(photography) A medium used to capture images in a camera.


film

film (nominative singular)
filmy (nominative plural)
filmu (genitive singular)
filmů (genitive plural)
filmu (dative singular)
filmům (dative plural)
film (accusative singular)
filmy (accusative plural)
filme (singular vocative)
filmy (plural vocative)
filmu (locative singular)
filmech (locative plural)
filmem (instrumental singular)
filmy (instrumental plural)


film

head

film (countable and uncountable, plural filmek)

filmek (plural)
film (nominative singular)
filmek (nominative plural)
filmet (accusative singular)
filmeket (accusative plural)
filmnek (dative singular)
filmeknek (dative plural)
filmmel (instrumental singular)
filmekkel (instrumental plural)
filmért (causal-final singular)
filmekért (causal-final plural)
filmmé (singular translative)
filmekké (plural translative)
filmig (singular terminative)
filmekig (plural terminative)
filmként (essive-formal singular)
filmekként (essive-formal plural)
filmben (inessive singular)
filmekben (inessive plural)
filmen (singular superessive)
filmeken (plural superessive)
filmnél (adessive singular)
filmeknél (adessive plural)
filmbe (illative singular)
filmekbe (illative plural)
filmre (singular sublative)
filmekre (plural sublative)
filmhez (allative singular)
filmekhez (allative plural)
filmből (elative singular)
filmekből (elative plural)
filmről (delative singular)
filmekről (delative plural)
filmtől (ablative singular)
filmektől (ablative plural)
filmé (singular)
filmeké (plural)
filméi (singular)
filmekéi (plural)
filmem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
filmjeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
filmed (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
filmjeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
filmje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
filmjei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
filmünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
filmjeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
filmetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
filmjeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
filmjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
filmjeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(photography) film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)


film

pl-noun

film m inan (diminutive filmik, related adjective filmowy)

filmik (diminutive)
filmowy (adjective)
film (nominative singular)
filmy (nominative plural)
filmu (genitive singular)
filmów (genitive plural)
filmowi (dative singular)
filmom (dative plural)
film (accusative singular)
filmy (accusative plural)
filmem (instrumental singular)
filmami (instrumental plural)
filmie (locative singular)
filmach (locative plural)
filmie (singular vocative)
filmy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: film

Borrowed from English film. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “film”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 742

film in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego


film

film (nominative singular)
filmy (nominative plural)
filmu (genitive singular)
filmōw (genitive plural)
filmowi (dative singular)
filmōm (dative plural)
film (accusative singular)
filmy (accusative plural)
filmym (instrumental singular)
filmami (instrumental plural)
filmōma (instrumental plural)
filmu (locative singular)
filmach (locative plural)
filmu (singular vocative)
filmy (plural vocative)


antic

en-adj

antic (comparative more antic, superlative most antic)

more antic (comparative)
most antic (superlative)
antick (alternative obsolete)

Probably from Italian antico (“ancient”), used to describe ancient wall paintings from classical times, from Latin antiquus (“venerable”). See also grottesco (“grotesque”). Doublet of antique.

The amusement park environment of seaside resorts such as Venice and the antic eclecticism of Greene & Greene's pre-Craftsman work all preceded the establishment of the movie colony in Hollywood.

2004, John Chase, Glitter Stucco and Dumpster Diving: Reflections on Building Production in the Vernacular city, page 58:

(architecture, art) Grotesque, incongruous.


antic

antics (plural)
antick (alternative obsolete)

(architecture, art, obsolete) A grotesque representation of a figure; a gargoyle.

groteski

architecture: grotesque representation of a figure


aperture

/ˈæp.ɚˌt͡ʃʊɹ/

/ˈæp.ɚ.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈæp.ɚˌtjʊɹ/

-æpə(ɹ)tʃʊə(ɹ)

From late Middle English, from Latin apertūra (“an opening”), from aperiō (“to uncover, make or lay bare”) + -tūra (“-ure”, action noun suffix). Doublet of overture.

stralingsvlak

hole restricting the diameter of the lightpath through one plane

апертура

refers to the opening itself, not to the device

This telescope has a 100 cm aperture.

(optics) A hole which restricts the diameter of the lightpath through one plane in an optical system.

(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


ornament

ornament (nominative singular)
ornamenty (nominative plural)
ornamentu (genitive singular)
ornamentów (genitive plural)
ornamentowi (dative singular)
ornamentom (dative plural)
ornament (accusative singular)
ornamenty (accusative plural)
ornamentem (instrumental singular)
ornamentami (instrumental plural)
ornamencie (locative singular)
ornamentach (locative plural)
ornamencie (singular vocative)
ornamenty (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: орна́мент (ornáment)

Learned borrowing from Latin ōrnāmentum.

(architecture, art, typography) ornament, adornment


step

From Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-West Germanic *stappjan, from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).
Cognate with West Frisian stappe (“to step”), North Frisian stape (“to walk, trudge”), Dutch stappen (“to step, walk”), Walloon steper (“to walk away, leave”), German stapfen (“to trudge, stomp, plod”) and further to Slavic Polish stąpać (“to stomp, stamp, step, tread”), Russian ступать (stupatʹ) and Polish stopień (“step, stair, rung, degree”), Russian степень (stepenʹ). Related to stamp, stomp.

cog

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step

one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind

(glassblowing) The button joining a glass's stem to its foot.


piste

nl-noun

piste f (plural pistes, diminutive pistetje n)

pistes (plural)
pistetje (diminutive neuter)


fee

fee f (plural feeën, diminutive feetje n)

feeën (plural)
feetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: fee

→ West Frisian: fee

Borrowed from French fée, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French fae, from Latin fāta, from fātum.


CCD

en-noun

CCD (countable and uncountable, plural CCDs)

Charge-coupled device
Colony Collapse Disorder


CCD

CCD-k (plural)
CCD (nominative singular)
CCD-k (nominative plural)
CCD-t (accusative singular)
CCD-ket (accusative plural)
CCD-nek (dative singular)
CCD-knek (dative plural)
CCD-vel (instrumental singular)
CCD-kkel (instrumental plural)
CCD-ért (causal-final singular)
CCD-kért (causal-final plural)
CCD-vé (singular translative)
CCD-kké (plural translative)
CCD-ig (singular terminative)
CCD-kig (plural terminative)
CCD-ként (essive-formal singular)
CCD-kként (essive-formal plural)
CCD-ben (inessive singular)
CCD-kben (inessive plural)
CCD-n (singular superessive)
CCD-ken (plural superessive)
CCD-nél (adessive singular)
CCD-knél (adessive plural)
CCD-be (illative singular)
CCD-kbe (illative plural)
CCD-re (singular sublative)
CCD-kre (plural sublative)
CCD-hez (allative singular)
CCD-khez (allative plural)
CCD-ből (elative singular)
CCD-kből (elative plural)
CCD-ről (delative singular)
CCD-kről (delative plural)
CCD-től (ablative singular)
CCD-ktől (ablative plural)
CCD-é (singular)
CCD-ké (plural)
CCD-éi (singular)
CCD-kéi (plural)
CCD-m (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
CCD-im (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
CCD-d (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
CCD-id (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
CCD-je (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
CCD-i (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
CCD-nk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
CCD-ink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
CCD-tek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
CCD-itek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
CCD-jük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
CCD-ik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English CCD, initialism of charge-coupled device.

(photography) CCD (device for the movement of electrical charge, used in digital imaging)


RF

RF (countable and uncountable, plural RFs)

(photography) Initialism of range finder.

(optics, imaging, photography) Abbreviation of radiance field.


massa

massa (nominative singular)
massat (nominative plural)
massa (accusative nominative singular)
massat (accusative nominative plural)
massan (accusative genitive singular)
massat (accusative genitive plural)
massan (genitive singular)
massojen (genitive plural)
massain (genitive plural rare)
massaa (partitive singular)
massoja (partitive plural)
massassa (inessive singular)
massoissa (inessive plural)
massasta (elative singular)
massoista (elative plural)
massaan (illative singular)
massoihin (illative plural)
massalla (adessive singular)
massoilla (adessive plural)
massalta (ablative singular)
massoilta (ablative plural)
massalle (allative singular)
massoille (allative plural)
massana (essive singular)
massoina (essive plural)
massaksi (singular translative)
massoiksi (plural translative)
massatta (abessive singular)
massoitta (abessive plural)
massoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
massani (nominative singular)
massani (nominative plural)
massani (accusative nominative singular)
massani (accusative nominative plural)
massani (accusative genitive singular)
massani (accusative genitive plural)
massani (genitive singular)
massojeni (genitive plural)
massaini (genitive plural rare)
massaani (partitive singular)
massojani (partitive plural)
massassani (inessive singular)
massoissani (inessive plural)
massastani (elative singular)
massoistani (elative plural)
massaani (illative singular)
massoihini (illative plural)
massallani (adessive singular)
massoillani (adessive plural)
massaltani (ablative singular)
massoiltani (ablative plural)
massalleni (allative singular)
massoilleni (allative plural)
massanani (essive singular)
massoinani (essive plural)
massakseni (singular translative)
massoikseni (plural translative)
massattani (abessive singular)
massoittani (abessive plural)
massoineni (comitative plural)
massasi (nominative singular)
massasi (nominative plural)
massasi (accusative nominative singular)
massasi (accusative nominative plural)
massasi (accusative genitive singular)
massasi (accusative genitive plural)
massasi (genitive singular)
massojesi (genitive plural)
massaisi (genitive plural rare)
massaasi (partitive singular)
massojasi (partitive plural)
massassasi (inessive singular)
massoissasi (inessive plural)
massastasi (elative singular)
massoistasi (elative plural)
massaasi (illative singular)
massoihisi (illative plural)
massallasi (adessive singular)
massoillasi (adessive plural)
massaltasi (ablative singular)
massoiltasi (ablative plural)
massallesi (allative singular)
massoillesi (allative plural)
massanasi (essive singular)
massoinasi (essive plural)
massaksesi (singular translative)
massoiksesi (plural translative)
massattasi (abessive singular)
massoittasi (abessive plural)
massoinesi (comitative plural)
massamme (nominative singular)
massamme (nominative plural)
massamme (accusative nominative singular)
massamme (accusative nominative plural)
massamme (accusative genitive singular)
massamme (accusative genitive plural)
massamme (genitive singular)
massojemme (genitive plural)
massaimme (genitive plural rare)
massaamme (partitive singular)
massojamme (partitive plural)
massassamme (inessive singular)
massoissamme (inessive plural)
massastamme (elative singular)
massoistamme (elative plural)
massaamme (illative singular)
massoihimme (illative plural)
massallamme (adessive singular)
massoillamme (adessive plural)
massaltamme (ablative singular)
massoiltamme (ablative plural)
massallemme (allative singular)
massoillemme (allative plural)
massanamme (essive singular)
massoinamme (essive plural)
massaksemme (singular translative)
massoiksemme (plural translative)
massattamme (abessive singular)
massoittamme (abessive plural)
massoinemme (comitative plural)
massanne (nominative singular)
massanne (nominative plural)
massanne (accusative nominative singular)
massanne (accusative nominative plural)
massanne (accusative genitive singular)
massanne (accusative genitive plural)
massanne (genitive singular)
massojenne (genitive plural)
massainne (genitive plural rare)
massaanne (partitive singular)
massojanne (partitive plural)
massassanne (inessive singular)
massoissanne (inessive plural)
massastanne (elative singular)
massoistanne (elative plural)
massaanne (illative singular)
massoihinne (illative plural)
massallanne (adessive singular)
massoillanne (adessive plural)
massaltanne (ablative singular)
massoiltanne (ablative plural)
massallenne (allative singular)
massoillenne (allative plural)
massananne (essive singular)
massoinanne (essive plural)
massaksenne (singular translative)
massoiksenne (plural translative)
massattanne (abessive singular)
massoittanne (abessive plural)
massoinenne (comitative plural)
massansa (nominative singular)
massansa (nominative plural)
massansa (accusative nominative singular)
massansa (accusative nominative plural)
massansa (accusative genitive singular)
massansa (accusative genitive plural)
massansa (genitive singular)
massojensa (genitive plural)
massainsa (genitive plural rare)
massaansa (partitive singular)
massojaan (partitive plural)
massojansa (partitive plural)
massassaan (inessive singular)
massassansa (inessive singular)
massoissaan (inessive plural)
massoissansa (inessive plural)
massastaan (elative singular)
massastansa (elative singular)
massoistaan (elative plural)
massoistansa (elative plural)
massaansa (illative singular)
massoihinsa (illative plural)
massallaan (adessive singular)
massallansa (adessive singular)
massoillaan (adessive plural)
massoillansa (adessive plural)
massaltaan (ablative singular)
massaltansa (ablative singular)
massoiltaan (ablative plural)
massoiltansa (ablative plural)
massalleen (allative singular)
massallensa (allative singular)
massoilleen (allative plural)
massoillensa (allative plural)
massanaan (essive singular)
massanansa (essive singular)
massoinaan (essive plural)
massoinansa (essive plural)
massakseen (singular translative)
massaksensa (singular translative)
massoikseen (plural translative)
massoiksensa (plural translative)
massattaan (abessive singular)
massattansa (abessive singular)
massoittaan (abessive plural)
massoittansa (abessive plural)
massoineen (comitative plural)
massoinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish massa, from Late Latin massa.

mekaaninen massa

(papermaking) pulp (soft, moist mass used to make paper)


waver

From wave (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).

affix

A person who specializes in treating hair to make it wavy.

kähertäjä

(hairdressing)
A tool used to make hair wavy.


under

/ɐn⁵⁵ taː²¹/

/ɐn⁵⁵ taː²¹/

(Hong Kong Cantonese, photography) to underexpose


soup

en-noun

soup (countable and uncountable, plural soups)

soups (plural)
soop (alternative obsolete)

→ Tamil: சூப் (cūp)

→ Thai: ซุป (súp)

Wikiquote
The noun is from Middle English soupe, sowpe, from Old French soupe, souppe, sope, from Late Latin suppa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Middle Dutch sope (“broth”)). Doublet of sop and zuppa. See also sup and supper.
The verb is from the noun.

(figuratively) Any mixture or substance suggestive of soup consistency.

(photography) Processing chemicals into which film is dipped, such as developer.


soup

en-verb

soup (third-person singular simple present soups, present participle souping, simple past and past participle souped)

soups (present singular third-person)
souping (participle present)
souped (participle past)
souped (past)
soop (alternative obsolete)

That girl Vivienne, by the way, once worked as a secretary in the workshop of The Rotarian, began "souping" her own snapshots at home, went from there to top rank as a New York color photographer specializing in small children […]

1970 December, The Rotarian, volume 117, number 6, page 31:

"Then perhaps it won't surprise you to learn Annie's taking over the Sunday social column," Roz said. "You photo-guys'll be souping her film."

And her camera position had been completely out of his sight. Satisfied that she'd gotten everything she'd needed - much more, in fact - she went back inside and got to work. Jill had souped her first photographs while she'd been on […]

1998, Edward Gorman, Cold Blue Midnight:

By 6 pm Beau and I are back at the paper, souping the film, when Woody rushes into the room.

2005, Jock Lauterer, Community Journalism: A Personal Approach, page 242:

(photography) To develop (film) in a (chemical) developing solution.


dos

Inherited from Latin duōs, accusative form of duo (“two”), from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Occitan dos, French deux, Spanish dos.

(castells) One of a pair of castellers in the pom de dalt, who form the third-highest level of the castell


ani

Cognate to tani (“now, at present, then”), from Proto-Albanian *nū, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”) (cognate to Sanskrit नू (nū, “now”)). Occurs in coordination with other particles, compare nani, nime.
Further related to Arvanitika Albanian αί (e, “yes”) and (Standard) Albanian a (“probably, whether; or, there”).

cog

Ani mori nuse...

(folklore, poetic) come on, hey; yes, well, alright; oh/ah (a vocative particle or/and complementary poetic tool)


quart

Inherited from Latin quārtus (“fourth”).

(castells) a casteller on the fourth level of a castell


combine

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle French combiner, from Late Latin combīnāre (“unite, yoke together”), from Latin con- (“together”) + bīnī (“two by two”).

der

en:artwork combining painting and sculpture

(art) An artwork falling between painting and sculpture, having objects embedded into a painted surface.


paparazzi

paparazzi (nominative singular)
paparazzi (nominative plural)
paparazziego (genitive singular)
paparazzich (genitive plural)
paparazziemu (dative singular)
paparazzim (dative plural)
paparazziego (accusative singular)
paparazzich (accusative plural)
paparazzim (instrumental singular)
paparazzimi (instrumental plural)
paparazzim (locative singular)
paparazzich (locative plural)
paparazzi (singular vocative)
paparazzi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian paparazzi.

ubor

(journalism, photography) alternative form of paparazzo


prop

From English prop (“property”), or a clipping of properti.

(art) property, an item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform


Pluto

Borrowed from Latin Plūtō, borrowed from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “god of the underworld”). Venetia Burney is often credited as having suggested the name for the celestial body.

Ceres

most likely dwarf planets of the Solar System

(film, art) The American cartoon character created by Walt Disney and Norm Ferguson.

Pluto

animated dog in various Disney productions


Pluto

Ultimately derived from Latin Plūtō, derived from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn).

der+

(film, art) Pluto (animated dog in various Disney productions)


match

→ Azerbaijani: matç

→ Belarusian: матч (matč)

→ Bengali: ম্যাচ (mêc)

→ Catalan: matx

→ Crimean Tatar: matç

→ Dutch: match

→ Egyptian Arabic: ماتش

→ Esperanto: matĉo

→ Estonian: matš

→ Finnish: matsi

desctree

→ French: match
→ Ladino: mach
→ Romanian: meci
→ Turkish: maç

→ German: Match

→ Greek: ματς (mats)

→ Hindi: मैच (maic)

→ Hungarian: meccs

→ Japanese: マッチ (matchi)

→ Latvian: mačs

→ Polish: mecz
→ Kashubian: mecz

→ Russian: матч (matč)
→ Armenian: մատչ (matčʻ)

→ Swahili: mechi

→ Ukrainian: матч (matč)

→ Welsh: matsh

From Middle English macche, mecche, from Old English mæċċa, ġemæċċa (“companion, mate, wife, one suited to another”), from Proto-West Germanic *makkjō, *gamakkjō (“partner, equal”), from Proto-Germanic *makô, from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“to knead, work”). Compare Danish mage (“mate”), Icelandic maki (“spouse”).

der

(metalworking) A perforated board, block of plaster, hardened sand, etc., in which a pattern is partly embedded when a mould is made, for giving shape to the surfaces of separation between the parts of the mould.


hero

en-noun

hero (plural heroes or (sandwich sense) heros)

[ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ~ˈçɪə.ɹəʊ]

From Middle English heroes, from Old French heroes, from Latin hērōs (“hero”), from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “demi-god, hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to watch over, protect”). Related to Latin servo (“protect”). Displaced Middle English heleð, haleð, from Old English hæleþ, hæle.

der

The preparation of the hero food involves any number of specialized techniques food stylists have developed to deal with the demands of photographing food.

2003, Solomon H. Katz, William Woys Weaver, Encyclopedia of Food and Culture:

Protect the hero food. Whether the hero items are on a table in the studio or in the refrigerator, freezer, etc., be sure they are identified as hero items and not for consumption.

2008, Linda Bellingham, Jean Ann Bybee, Brad G. Rogers, Food Styling for Photographers, page 8:

The food stylists this day had spent inordinate amounts of time preparing the hero product for a close-up scene.

2008, David Random, Defying Gravity, page 24:

(film, photography, chiefly attributive) The product chosen from several candidates to be photographed, as in food advertising, or with props used in a movie.


print

en-noun

print (countable and uncountable, plural prints)

cursive

antonym(s) of “writing without connected letters”

From Middle English *printen, prenten, preenten, an apheretic form of emprinten, enprinten (“to impress; imprint”) (see imprint). Compare Dutch prenten (“to imprint”), Middle Low German prenten (“to print; write”), Danish prente (“to print”), Swedish prenta (“to write German letters”). Compare also Late Old French printer, preindre (“to press”), from Latin premere (“to press”).

cog

(visual art) A picture that was created in multiple copies by printing.

щампа

visual art: picture created in multiple copies by printing

(photography) A photograph that has been printed onto paper from the negative.


term

From Middle English terme, borrowed from Old French terme, from Latin terminus (“a bound, boundary, limit, end; in Medieval Latin, also a time, period, word, covenant, etc.”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“stump, end, boundary”).
Doublet of terminus and termon. Old English had termen, from the same source.

términu

one of the addends in a sum or in another mathematical operation

The pillers that haue bolſtered vp thoſe tearmes,
Are falne in cluſters at my conquering feet.

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:

You have been already informed, I have no doubt, of the subject which we have chosen: the adorning a Term of Hymen with festoons of flowers.

1773, Joshua Reynolds, edited by John Ingamells and John Edgcumbe, The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale, published 2000, page 42:

(art) A statue of the upper body, sometimes without the arms, ending in a pillar or pedestal.


medallion

(art) A usually round or oval frame (often made of stucco) containing a decoration.


devil

devils (plural)
davil (alternative pronunciation-spelling)
debbil (alternative pronunciation-spelling)
diuel (alternative archaic dialectal)
divel (alternative archaic dialectal)
deuill (alternative obsolete)
devel (alternative obsolete)
devell (alternative obsolete)
devill (alternative obsolete)
diuell (alternative obsolete)

Tok Pisin: tewel

→ Chuukese: tefin

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *dwísder.
Ancient Greek διά (diá)
Ancient Greek δια- (dia-)
Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH-der.
Ancient Greek βᾰ́λλω (bắllō)
Ancient Greek διαβάλλω (diabállō)
Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos)bor.
Latin diabolusbor.
Proto-West Germanic *diubul
Old English dēofol
Middle English devel
English devil
From Middle English devil, devel, deovel, from Old English dēofol, from Proto-West Germanic *diubul, from Latin diabolus, ultimately from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “false accuser, slanderer”), also as "Satan" (in Jewish/Christian usage, translating Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (śātān)), from διαβάλλω (diabállō, “to slander”), literally “to throw across”, from διά (diá, “through, across”) + βάλλω (bállō, “throw”). The Old English word was probably adopted under influence of Latin diabolus (itself from the Greek). Other Germanic languages adopted the word independently: compare Saterland Frisian Düüwel (“devil”), West Frisian duvel (“devil”), Dutch duivel, duvel (“devil”), German Low German Düvel (“devil”), German Teufel (“devil”), Bavarian Teifl (“devil”), Danish djævel (“devil”), Swedish djävul (“devil”) (older: djefvul, Old Swedish diævul, Old Norse djǫfull). Doublet of diable, diablo, and diabolus.

der

better the devil you know than the devil you don't know

better the devil you know than the one you don't know

devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter

he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon

the devil we know is better than the devil we don't know

the devil you know is better than the devil you don't know

(folklore) A fictional image of a man, usually red or orange in skin color; with a set of horns on his head, a pointed goatee and a long tail and carrying a pitchfork; that represents evil and portrayed to children in an effort to discourage bad behavior.


filter

→ Japanese: フィルター (firutā)

→ Korean: 필터 (pilteo)

From Middle English filtre, from Medieval Latin filtrum (compare also Old French feutre (“felt; filter”)), from Frankish *filtir, from Proto-West Germanic *felt. See felt. Doublet of phin.

(photography) A translucent object placed in the light path of a camera to remove certain wavelengths (colors), or a computer program that simulates such an effect.


patron

fr-noun

patron m (plural patrons, feminine patronne)

→ German: Patrone

→ Italian: patron

→ Romanian: patron

→ Russian: патро́н (patrón)

→ Turkish: patron

From Old French patron (“patron, protector”), from Latin patrōnus, from pater (“father”).

(lutherie) a piece of wood from which an instrument is made