patent

en-verb

patent (third-person singular simple present patents, present participle patenting, simple past and past participle patented)

patents (present singular third-person)
patenting (participle present)
patented (participle past)
patented (past)

[ˈpʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚]

[ˈpʰe̞ɪʔn̩t̚]

To his great credit, Manson refused to patent his invention, as he desired to remove any obstacle to its adoption by other companies.

1946 November and December, “The Why and The Wherefore: Tablet Exchange Apparatus, L.M.S.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 392:

The US supreme court has ruled unanimously that natural human genes cannot be patented, a decision that scientists and civil rights campaigners said removed a major barrier to patient care and medical innovation.

2013 June 21, Karen McVeigh, “US Rules Human Genes Can’t be Patented”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 10:

To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.

патентовам

to (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period

(US, historical) To obtain (over a piece of real property) a specific grant of ownership.


patent

en-adj

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

more patent (comparative)
most patent (superlative)

From Middle English patent, patente (“wide open; clear, unobstructed; unlimited; of a document: available for public inspection”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patent (modern French patent), and directly from their etymon Latin patēns (“open; accessible, passable; evident, manifest; exposed, vulnerable”), the present active participle of pateō (“to be open; to be accessible, attainable; to be exposed, vulnerable; of frontiers or land: to extent, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”).

der

[ˈpʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚]

[ˈpʰe̞ɪʔn̩t̚]

a patent right    patent medicines

Madder is eſteemed a very rich Commodity, and what will turn to good profit; ſo that in King Charles I's Time it was made a Patent Commodity.

1708, J[ohn] Mortimer, “Of Madder”, in The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC, book V, page 125:

[H]e took up an old newspaper; / The paper was right easy to peruse; / He read an article the king attacking, / And a long eulogy of "Patent Blacking."

1824 March 26, [Lord Byron], Don Juan. Cantos XV. and XVI., London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John and H[enry] L[eigh] Hunt, […], →OCLC, canto XVI, stanza XXVI, page 74:

"Yes, I have a pair of eyes," replied Sam, "and that's just it. If they wos a pair o' patent double million magnifyin' gas microscopes of hextra power, p'raps I might be able to see through a flight o' stairs and a deal door; but bein' only eyes you see, my wision's limited."

1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Is Wholly Devoted to a Full and Faithful Report of the Memorable Trial of Bardell against Pickwick”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, page 368:

There, were also a small mouse-trap; a patent corkscrew, too good to be used in common; fragments of a silver tea-spoon, that had, by natural decay, arrived at a dissolution of its parts; […]

1853, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter III, in “My Novel”; Or Varieties in English Life […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book second, page 103:


cloture

en-noun

cloture (countable and uncountable, plural clotures)

Borrowed from French clôture (“closure”). Doublet of closure and clausure.

Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.

2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:

(law, politics, chiefly US) In legislative assemblies that permit unlimited debate (that is, a filibuster): a motion, procedure or rule by which debate is ended so that a vote may be taken on the matter. For example, in the United States Senate, a three-fifths majority vote of the body is required to invoke cloture and terminate debate.


transferee

(law) A person to whom title or ownership is conveyed.


returns

(law) The rendering back of a writ to the proper officer.


Verbrechen

de-noun

Verbrechen n (strong, genitive Verbrechens, plural Verbrechen)

Verbrechens (genitive)
Verbrechen (plural)
Verbrechen (nominative singular)
Verbrechen (definite nominative plural)
Verbrechens (genitive singular)
Verbrechen (definite genitive plural)
Verbrechen (dative singular)
Verbrechen (dative definite plural)
Verbrechen (accusative singular)
Verbrechen (accusative definite plural)

[fɐˈbʁɛ.çn̩]

17th century, nominalised infinitive of verbrechen (now in limited use), from Middle High German verbrechen (“to breach, violate”). Equivalent to ver- + brechen (“to break”).

der

(countable, law, technical) a felony, indictable offence


privilege

en-noun

privilege (countable and uncountable, plural privileges)

privileges (plural)
priviledg (alternative)
priviledge (alternative)

From Middle English privilege, from Anglo-Norman privilege and Old French privilege, from Latin prīvilēgium (“ordinance or law against or in favor of an individual”), from prīvus (“private”) + lēx, lēg- (“law”).

der

(ecclesiastical law, now chiefly historical) An exemption from certain laws granted by the Pope.

erioikeus

Your honor, my client is not required to answer that; her response is protected by attorney-client privilege.

(law) A common law doctrine that protects certain communications from being used as evidence in court.


complaint

en-noun

complaint (countable and uncountable, plural complaints)

From Middle English compleynte, from Anglo-Norman compleint, from Old French compleindre, eventually from Latin planctus (whence plaint).

(law) In a civil action, the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim is based.

haastehakemus

legal: in a civil action, the first pleading of the plaintiff

(law) In criminal law, the preliminary charge or accusation made by one person against another to the appropriate court or officer, usually a magistrate.

žaloba

criminal law: preliminary charge or accusation made by one person against another

(to lodge a criminal complaint)porter plainte

criminal complaint

in criminal law, the preliminary charge or accusation made by one person against another to the appropriate court or officer


comparire

it-verb

comparìre (first-person singular present comparìsco or compàio, first-person singular past historic compàrsi, past participle compàrso, auxiliary èssere)

comparìre [auxiliary essere] (canonical)
comparìsco (first-person present singular)
compàio (first-person present singular)
compàrsi (first-person historic past singular)
compàrso (participle past)
èssere (auxiliary)
comparìre (infinitive)
èssere (auxiliary)
comparèndo (gerund)
comparènte (participle present)
compàrso (participle past)
comparìsco (first-person indicative present singular)
compàio (first-person indicative present singular)
comparìsci (indicative present second-person singular)
compàri (indicative present second-person singular)
comparìsce (indicative present singular third-person)
compàre (indicative present singular third-person)
compariàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
comparìte (indicative plural present second-person)
comparìscono (indicative plural present third-person)
compàiono (indicative plural present third-person)
comparìvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
comparìvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
comparìva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
comparivàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
comparivàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
comparìvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
compàrsi (first-person historic indicative past singular)
comparìsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
compàrse (historic indicative past singular third-person)
comparìmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
comparìste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
compàrsero (historic indicative past plural third-person)
comparirò (first-person future indicative singular)
comparirài (future indicative second-person singular)
comparirà (future indicative singular third-person)
comparirémo (first-person future indicative plural)
compariréte (future indicative plural second-person)
comparirànno (future indicative plural third-person)
comparirèi (conditional first-person singular)
comparirésti (conditional second-person singular)
comparirèbbe (conditional singular third-person)
comparirébbe (conditional singular third-person)
comparirémmo (conditional first-person plural)
compariréste (conditional plural second-person)
comparirèbbero (conditional plural third-person)
comparirébbero (conditional plural third-person)
comparìsca (first-person present singular subjunctive)
compàia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
comparìsca (present second-person singular subjunctive)
compàia (present second-person singular subjunctive)
comparìsca (present singular subjunctive third-person)
compàia (present singular subjunctive third-person)
compariàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
compariàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
comparìscano (plural present subjunctive third-person)
compàiano (plural present subjunctive third-person)
comparìssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
comparìssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
comparìsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
comparìssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
comparìste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
comparìssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
comparìsci (imperative second-person singular)
compàri (imperative second-person singular)
comparìsca (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
compàia (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
compariàmo (first-person imperative plural)
comparìte (imperative plural second-person)
comparìscano (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
compàiano (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
comparìre (imperative negative second-person singular)
comparìsca (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
compàia (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
compariàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
comparìte (imperative negative plural second-person)
comparìscano (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
compàiano (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)


transitory

en-adj

transitory (comparative more transitory, superlative most transitory)

more transitory (comparative)
most transitory (superlative)

From Middle French transitoire, from Old French, from Latin transitorius.

in transitory actions, for injuries that might have happened anywhere

1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:

(law) Of an action: that may be brought in any county


referendum

refêrendum (canonical)
referendum-referendum (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch referendum, from Latin referendum.

(law, government, politics) referendum: a direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment


referendum

pl-noun

referendum n (related adjective referendalny or referendowy)

referendalny (adjective)
referendowy (adjective)
referendum (nominative singular)
referenda (nominative plural)
referendum (genitive singular)
referendów (genitive plural)
referendum (dative singular)
referendom (dative plural)
referendum (accusative singular)
referenda (accusative plural)
referendum (instrumental singular)
referendami (instrumental plural)
referendum (locative singular)
referendach (locative plural)
referendum (singular vocative)
referenda (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin referendum.

(law, politics) referendum (direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment)


plebiscite

Sense 1 (“referendum”) is borrowed from French plébiscite, from Latin plēbiscītum, plēbis scītum, plēbī scītum (“law of the common people or plebs”), from plēbis (the genitive singular of plēbs (“common people, plebeians”)) + scītum (“decree, ordinance, statute”).
Sense 3 (“law enacted by the common people”) is a learned borrowing from Latin plēbiscītum: see above. It is attested earlier than English plebiscitum.
Cognates
* Italian plebiscito
* Middle French plebiscite (modern French plébiscite)
* Middle Low German plebiscīt (“ordinance”)
* Spanish plebiscito, plebisçito (obsolete)

cog

A political result, we may also say aim, of the frumentarian plebiscite of Gaius was to disattach the city populace from its conservative moorings and to enlist it in the service of reform.

1909, George Willis Botsford, The Roman Assemblies from Their Origin to the End of the Republic:

Then something changed, and Mr. Mitterrand said he thought it would be a good idea if the Constitution allowed plebiscites, on the recommendation of the President, on issues involving personal freedoms.

1984 July 15, John Vinocur, “A SULLEN, DISILLUSIONED FRANCE MARKS BASTILLE DAY”, in The New York Times:

(law, politics) A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.

plebiscitu

direct popular vote on an issue of public importance — see also referendum


voir dire

en-noun

voir dire (countable and uncountable, plural voir dires)

/ˈvwɑː ˌdɪə/

/ˈvɔɹ ˌdaɪɹ/

/ˈvwɑɹ ˌdɪɹ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-voir dire.wav

Anglo-Norman for “to say the truth”, from Old French voir (“true, truth”) + dire (“to say”), from Latin vērum + dīcere.

(law, US) The preliminary phase of a jury trial in which the jurors are examined and selected.

(law, England, Wales, New Zealand, Australia, US) A preliminary hearing without a jury in order to determine whether the evidence meets the test for admissibility to go to a full hearing at a criminal trial, in the legal systems of England and Wales, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States.

(law) A hearing in the context of a larger trial to determine some specific issue relevant to that trial, such as the admissibility of a piece of evidence or the competency of a witness to testify.


extinguish

en-verb

extinguish (third-person singular simple present extinguishes, present participle extinguishing, simple past and past participle extinguished)

extinguishes (present singular third-person)
extinguishing (participle present)
extinguished (participle past)
extinguished (past)

/ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/

Borrowed from Latin extinguo (“to put out (what is burning), quench, extinguish, deprive of life, destroy, abolish”), from ex (“out”) + stinguere (“to put out, quench, extinguish”). Doublet of extinct.

унищожавам

to put an end to (something) completely — see also annihilate, destroy

1668 December 19, James Dalrymple, “Mr. Alexander Seaton contra Menzies” in The Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683), page 575

The Pupil after his Pupillarity, had granted a Diſcharge to one of the Co-tutors, which did extinguiſh the whole Debt of that Co-tutor, and conſequently of all the reſt, they being all correi debendi, lyable by one individual Obligation, which cannot be Diſcharged as to one, and ſtand as to all the reſt.

If the amnesty becomes law as expected this month or in June, it promises to extinguish the charges Puigdemont faces of disobedience and misuse of public funds.

2024 May 11, Barney Jopson, “Catalonia separatist deal tested at ballot box”, in FT Weekend, page 2:

(figurative, chiefly law) To abolish or make void (a law, a legal right, etc.); also, to cancel (a creditor's claim, a licence, etc.).


juror

jurors (plural)
jurour (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English jurour, jurrour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman jurour and Old French jureor, from the verb jurer (“to swear”), or possibly from Latin iūrātor, iūrātōrem, whence the English doublet jurator.

While unfailingly courteous to the jury, he could be quite sharp with counsel and witnesses, and rattle his sabre at the press: his first reported words in the case were that any journalist thinking of interviewing a juror 'had better bring a toothbrush'.

The jurors listened carefully while Eidem portrayed Fern Sankey as an archconspirator who drove her husband into crime and was intimately involved in all major details of Charlie Boettcher's abduction.

2016, Timothy W. Bjorkman, Verne Sankey: America's First Public Enemy:


pronunciare

it-verb

pronunciàre (first-person singular present pronùncio, first-person singular past historic pronunciài, past participle pronunciàto, auxiliary avére)

pronunciàre (canonical)
pronùncio (first-person present singular)
pronunciài (first-person historic past singular)
pronunciàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
pronunciàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
pronunciàndo (gerund)
pronunciànte (participle present)
pronunciàto (participle past)
pronùncio (first-person indicative present singular)
pronùnci (indicative present second-person singular)
pronùncia (indicative present singular third-person)
pronunciàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
pronunciàte (indicative plural present second-person)
pronùnciano (indicative plural present third-person)
pronunciàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pronunciàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pronunciàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pronunciavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pronunciavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pronunciàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pronunciài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
pronunciàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
pronunciò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
pronunciàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
pronunciàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
pronunciàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
pronuncerò (first-person future indicative singular)
pronuncerài (future indicative second-person singular)
pronuncerà (future indicative singular third-person)
pronuncerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
pronunceréte (future indicative plural second-person)
pronuncerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
pronuncerèi (conditional first-person singular)
pronuncerésti (conditional second-person singular)
pronuncerèbbe (conditional singular third-person)
pronuncerébbe (conditional singular third-person)
pronuncerémmo (conditional first-person plural)
pronunceréste (conditional plural second-person)
pronuncerèbbero (conditional plural third-person)
pronuncerébbero (conditional plural third-person)
pronùnci (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pronùnci (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pronùnci (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pronunciàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pronunciàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pronùncino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pronunciàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pronunciàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pronunciàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pronunciàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pronunciàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pronunciàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pronùncia (imperative second-person singular)
pronùnci (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
pronunciàmo (first-person imperative plural)
pronunciàte (imperative plural second-person)
pronùncino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
pronunciàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
pronùnci (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
pronunciàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
pronunciàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
pronùncino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
pronunziare (alternative)

From Latin prōnūntiāre (“to proclaim, declare”).

inh

pronunciare una sentenza

pronunciare un giudizio

(law) to announce or release (an opinion, sentence, etc.)


auditorium

la-noun

audītōrium n (genitive audītōriī or audītōrī); second declension

audītōrium (canonical neuter)
audītōriī (genitive)
audītōrī (genitive)
audītōrium (nominative singular)
audītōria (nominative plural)
audītōriī (genitive singular)
audītōrī (genitive singular)
audītōriōrum (genitive plural)
audītōriō (dative singular)
audītōriīs (dative plural)
audītōrium (accusative singular)
audītōria (accusative plural)
audītōriō (ablative singular)
audītōriīs (ablative plural)
audītōrium (singular vocative)
audītōria (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: auditori

→ English: auditorium

→ French: auditoire, auditorium

→ Galician: auditorio

→ Italian: auditorio

→ Portuguese: auditório

→ Romanian: auditoriu

→ Russian: аудито́рия (auditórija)

→ Spanish: auditorio, auditórium

Nominalized neuter form of the adjective audītōrius (“relating to a hearer or hearing”); equivalent to audītor (“hearer”) + -ium (nominal suffix) or audiō (“to hear, listen to”) + -tōrium (suffix forming nouns denoting places).

af

(law) a hearing of a cause at law, a judicial examination


set up

en-verb

set up (third-person singular simple present sets up, present participle setting up, simple past and past participle set up)

sets up (present singular third-person)
setting up (participle present)
set up (participle past)
set up (past)

They claimed that they weren't selling drugs, but that they'd been set up by the police.

(informal, transitive, criminology) To trick or lure (someone) in order to entrap them.


tenant

tenants (plural)
tenaunt (alternative obsolete)
tennant (alternative obsolete)
tennaunt (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English tenaunt, from Anglo-Norman tenaunt and Old French tenant, present participle of tenir (“to hold”), from Latin tenēre (“hold, keep”).

مُسْتَأجِر

one who pays a fee in return for the use of land, etc.

(in the Middle Ages, serf or villein) jobbágy

en:owner of real estate other than by allodial title

(property law, by extension) One who owns real estate other than via allodial title.


tenant

From English tenant, borrowed from Anglo-Norman tenaunt, from Old French tenant, present participle of tenir (“to hold”), from Latin tenēre (“hold, keep”). Doublet of tener and tinidor.

(law) one who holds a property by any kind of right, including ownership


tenant

Present participle of tenir. From Old French tenant; corresponding to Latin tenentem.


specialty

specialties (plural)
speciality (alternative UK)

From Middle English specialte, Old French specialte, especialte, from Latin specialitas.

Let specialties be therefore drawne betweene vs,
That couenants may be kept on either hand.

c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

1812, Joseph Chitty, A Treatise on Pleading, with a Collection of Practical Precedents, and Notes Thereon, 2nd American edition, edited by Thomas Day, New York, Volume 2, section 456, note c,
[…] in a plea to an action of debt on specialty, it is still necessary to show that the debt on which the judgment was recovered was a specialty, or to aver that the judgment was recovered before the defendant had notice of the plaintiff’s demand.

(law) A contract or obligation under seal; a contract by deed; a writing, under seal, given as security for a debt particularly specified.


grazia

Borrowed from Latin grātia (“favour/favor; goodwill; charm”).


bis

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

lbor

Article 15 bis of the Rome Statute ("Exercise of jurisdiction over the crime of aggression (State referral, proprio motu)") lays down, in ten paragraphs, special procedural rules for the initiation of an individual prosecution on charges under Article 8 bis of the Statute (for a comprehensive examination of that article's material provisions, see supra 5.1) on the basis of a State referral or proprio motu by the Prosecutor. An analysis of specific provisions of Article 15 bis is offered below.

2014 January 10, Sergey Sayapin, The Crime of Aggression in International Criminal Law: Historical Development, Comparative Analysis and Present State, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 300:

(music, law) Twice; showing that something is, or is to be, repeated, such as a passage of music, or an item in accounts.


decree nisi

en-noun

decree nisi (plural decree nisis or decrees nisi)

decree nisis (plural)
decrees nisi (plural)

(law) a decree issued on a first petition for divorce; it becomes absolute at some later date unless cause is shown why it should not.


decree absolute

decree absolute (plural decrees absolute)

(law) the official decree marking the legal end of a marriage, allowing the two people to remarry.

(law) An absolute unconditional accruement of a claim's validity and legitimacy.


house arrest

house arrest (countable and uncountable, plural house arrests)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-house arrest.wav

Convicted in Federal District Court in Brooklyn of insurance fraud, a 35-year-old legal secretary could have received up to 50 years in prison and a $56,000 fine. The judge sentenced her instead to house arrest for two years.

1986 July 20, Richard Haitch, “Follow-up on the News: House Arrest Instead of Prison”, in New York Times, retrieved 2014-04-27:

(law) Confinement of a person to his or her residence, sometimes with a limited travel allowance, ordered by a judge or other authority as a more lenient alternative to imprisonment.

إقامة جبرية

confinement of a person, by authorities, to his or her residence


capitale

From Latin capitālis, derived from caput (“head”).


produkt

pl-noun

produkt m inan (related adjective produktowy)

produktowy (adjective)
produkt (nominative singular)
produkty (nominative plural)
produktu (genitive singular)
produktów (genitive plural)
produktowi (dative singular)
produktom (dative plural)
produkt (accusative singular)
produkty (accusative plural)
produktem (instrumental singular)
produktami (instrumental plural)
produkcie (locative singular)
produktach (locative plural)
produkcie (singular vocative)
produkty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: produkt

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Produkt or English produkt, ultimately from Latin prōductus. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “produkt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(obsolete, law) plaintiff's first vote in a court case, usually prompting a retort


legislator

legislator (nominative singular)
legislatorzy (nominative plural)
legislatory (derogatory nominative plural)
legislatora (genitive singular)
legislatorów (genitive plural)
legislatorowi (dative singular)
legislatorom (dative plural)
legislatora (accusative singular)
legislatorów (accusative plural)
legislatorem (instrumental singular)
legislatorami (instrumental plural)
legislatorze (locative singular)
legislatorach (locative plural)
legislatorze (singular vocative)
legislatorzy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin lēgislātor.

(government, law) legislator (person who creates or enacts laws)


juicio

juicios (plural)
juizio (alternative obsolete)
juycio (alternative archaic)
juyzio (alternative archaic)
judicio (alternative archaic)

Inherited from Old Spanish judizio, juyzio, borrowed from Latin iūdicium (“judgement, decision”) (compare Italian giudizio, Portuguese juízo).

El exdirectivo de RTVV afirmó tener ganas de que se celebrara el juicio para poder "restablecer" su honor.

2015 October 27, “Arranca el juicio al presunto abusador sexual de Canal 9”, in El País:

Así lo determinó ayer el tribunal que iniciará en agosto próximo el juicio por el ocultamiento de los responsables del ataque terrorista islámico que en 1994 mató a 85 personas en Buenos Aires.

2015 July 16, “La justicia argentina prohíbe a Menem salir del país”, in El País:


over the transom

A transom is a lintel or crosspiece over a door; likely an alteration of Latin trānstrum (“crossbeam”). Refers to the idea of a writer tossing a manuscript through the open window over the door of the publisher's office. Alternatively, a "transom" is the nautical term for the back of a small boat. Something which "came in over the transom" would have suddenly (and presumably, surprisingly) entered through the "back door" of the craft, metaphorically.

They worked into the night and sent an associate to make an over-the-transom filing.

(idiomatic, law, government) Meeting a deadline by delivery after the day of the deadline but before opening of business the following business day.


personable

en-adj

personable (comparative more personable, superlative most personable)

more personable (comparative)
most personable (superlative)
parsonable (alternative)
personible (alternative)

From Late Middle English personable, personabil (“having a pleasing appearance, handsome”), and then from both of the following:
* For sense 1 (“having a pleasing appearance”) and sense 2 (“having a pleasant manner”) (these senses are not found in Old French or Medieval Latin), probably from person, personne, persoun (“individual, person”) + -āble (suffix meaning ‘able or worthy to be’ forming adjectives).
* For sense 3.1 (“synonym of personal”) and sense 3.2 (“being a legal person”), from Middle French personable and Old French personable, and from their etymon Medieval Latin personābilis (“personal”), possibly from Medieval Latin persōna (“person”) + Latin -ābilis (suffix meaning ‘able or worthy to be’).
By surface analysis, person + -able (suffix meaning ‘relevant or suitable to’).

представителен

of a person: having a pleasant manner — see also amiable, friendly

It is enacted, that the Kings Letters Patents hereafter enſuing made to Queen Elizabeth of her dovver, ſhall be good, and that the Queen be by that name perſonable to plead, and be impleaded, that parcell of her dovver aſſigned by the Kings Letters Patents under the ſeal of the Dutchy of Lancaſter be good, albeit there be no livery and ſeiſin delivered vpon the ſame, vvherein are certain proviſions.

[1468, “Petitions of the Commons, with Their Summons”, in William Prynne, editor, An Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower of London, from the Reign of King Edward the Second, unto King Richard the Third, […], London: […] William Leake […], published 1657, →OCLC, page 683:

The demaundant vvas iudged perſonable to maintaine this action. […] The tenent pleaded that the vvife vvas an alien borne in Portingall vvithout the ligeance of the King, and Iudgement vvas asked vvhether ſhe vvould be anſvvered. The plaintife ſaith: ſhee vvas made perſonable by Parlament, that is, as the Ciuillians vvould ſpeake it, habere perſonam ſtandi in iudicio.

1607, Iohn [i.e., John] Cowell, “Personable”, in The Interpreter: Or Booke Containing the Signification of Words: Wherein is Set Foorth the True Meaning of All, or the Most Part of Such Words and Terms, as are Mentioned in the Lawe Writers, or Statutes of This Victorious and Renowned Kingdome, Requiring any Exposition or Interpretation. […], Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Iohn Legate, →OCLC, signature Bbb 4, recto, column 1:

(law) Being a legal person and thus able to maintain a plea in court, or to hold some property or right.


cas

Inherited from Old French cas, borrowed from Latin cāsus.

cas clinique


genericized trademark

en-noun

genericized trademark (plural genericized trademarks)

genericized trademarks (plural)
genericised trademark (alternative UK)

(business, law) A successful brand name or trademark that has come to refer to the generic class of objects rather than the specific brand type, sometimes without continued defensibility of the trademark but usually with continued defensibility.

European Union trade mark
de:Markengesetz
genericized trademark

marca vulgaritzada

brand name that has come into general use

however pursuant to § 49 II Nr. 1 MarkenG

for forfeiture of the trademark the naming must be in commercial intercourse

the same requirements are set down for European Union trade marks in Art. 58 I b) Regulation 2017/1001.


tarnish

en-verb

tarnish (third-person singular simple present tarnishes, present participle tarnishing, simple past and past participle tarnished)

tarnishes (present singular third-person)
tarnishing (participle present)
tarnished (participle past)
tarnished (past)

From Middle English ternysshen, from Old French terniss-, stem of ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Old High German *ternen, tarnen, from Proto-West Germanic *darnijan (“to conceal”). Doublet of dern and darn.

der

(copyright law) To use a sign, image, expression, etc. sufficiently close to a trademarked one that it brings disrepute to it.


querella

querelle (plural)
querela (alternative)
quarella (alternative)
quarela (alternative)

From Latin querella (“complaint”), from queror (“I lament, complaint”) (compare English quarrel).


querella

Inherited from Old Spanish querella, from Latin querēlla (“complaint”), from queror (“to lament, complaint”) (compare English quarrel).

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines


attentat

From either French attentat or German Attentat.

All the several acts of one court day constitute, with reference to attentats, but one act, notwithstanding an appeal intermediate between those acts (h).

1842, Richard Burn, The Ecclesiastical Law, 9th edition, volume 4, page 217:

An attentat, in the language of the civil and canon laws, is anything, whatsoever, wrongfully innovated or attempted in the suit by the judge à quo, pending an appeal.[…]In Chichester v. Donegal (3) it was intimated by Sir John Nicholl that “The regular course for procuring the revocation of attentats was by a separate proceeding, civil or criminal, as against a judge à quo, and that it was not by charging the supposed attentats, accumulatively, in a mere ordinary libel of appeal.”

1848, Archibald John Stephens, A Practical Treatise of the Laws Relating to the Clergy, volume 1, page 33:

(law, obsolete) Anything whatsoever, as a ruling, by the judge of a lower court in a matter pending an appeal.

(law, obsolete) Any step wrongly innovated or attempted by an inferior judge in a suit.


asp

Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009 (2009 asp 9)

Act of the Scottish Parliament
w:Act of the Scottish Parliament

(UK, law, in citation) Initialism of Act of the Scottish Parliament.


interference

en-noun

interference (countable and uncountable, plural interferences)

/ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈfɪəɹəns/

/ˌɪntəɹˈfɪɹɪns/

From interfere + -ence. The sense in physics was likely introduced by English polymath Thomas Young, which he used as early as 1801 in a paper in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

(US, law) In United States patent law, an inter partes proceeding to determine the priority issues of multiple patent applications; a priority contest.

müdahale

legal, patent law: inter partes proceeding to determine the priority issues of multiple patent applications


deduction

deduction (countable and uncountable, plural deductions)

From Middle French déduction, from Latin deductio.
Equivalent to deduct + -ion or deduce + -tion.

That which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed.

(law, finance) A sum withheld from an employee's pay for the purpose of paying tax.

verovähennys

sum withheld from pay for the purpose of paying tax


quackery

quackery (countable and uncountable, plural quackeries)

When no certain cure exists, quack remedies tend to proliferate and the history of quackery and secret cures is full of extraordinary forms of treatment for the various arthritic disorders.

1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:

(law, medicine, uncountable) The practice of fraudulent medicine, usually in order to make money or for ego gratification and power; health fraud.


embezzlement

embezzlement (countable and uncountable, plural embezzlements)

اِخْتِلَاس

the fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner

(law, business) The fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner.


rikos

rikos (nominative singular)
rikokset (nominative plural)
rikos (accusative nominative singular)
rikokset (accusative nominative plural)
rikoksen (accusative genitive singular)
rikokset (accusative genitive plural)
rikoksen (genitive singular)
rikosten (genitive plural)
rikoksien (genitive plural)
rikosta (partitive singular)
rikoksia (partitive plural)
rikoksessa (inessive singular)
rikoksissa (inessive plural)
rikoksesta (elative singular)
rikoksista (elative plural)
rikokseen (illative singular)
rikoksiin (illative plural)
rikoksella (adessive singular)
rikoksilla (adessive plural)
rikokselta (ablative singular)
rikoksilta (ablative plural)
rikokselle (allative singular)
rikoksille (allative plural)
rikoksena (essive singular)
rikoksina (essive plural)
rikokseksi (singular translative)
rikoksiksi (plural translative)
rikoksetta (abessive singular)
rikoksitta (abessive plural)
rikoksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
rikokseni (nominative singular)
rikokseni (nominative plural)
rikokseni (accusative nominative singular)
rikokseni (accusative nominative plural)
rikokseni (accusative genitive singular)
rikokseni (accusative genitive plural)
rikokseni (genitive singular)
rikosteni (genitive plural)
rikoksieni (genitive plural)
rikostani (partitive singular)
rikoksiani (partitive plural)
rikoksessani (inessive singular)
rikoksissani (inessive plural)
rikoksestani (elative singular)
rikoksistani (elative plural)
rikokseeni (illative singular)
rikoksiini (illative plural)
rikoksellani (adessive singular)
rikoksillani (adessive plural)
rikokseltani (ablative singular)
rikoksiltani (ablative plural)
rikokselleni (allative singular)
rikoksilleni (allative plural)
rikoksenani (essive singular)
rikoksinani (essive plural)
rikoksekseni (singular translative)
rikoksikseni (plural translative)
rikoksettani (abessive singular)
rikoksittani (abessive plural)
rikoksineni (comitative plural)
rikoksesi (nominative singular)
rikoksesi (nominative plural)
rikoksesi (accusative nominative singular)
rikoksesi (accusative nominative plural)
rikoksesi (accusative genitive singular)
rikoksesi (accusative genitive plural)
rikoksesi (genitive singular)
rikostesi (genitive plural)
rikoksiesi (genitive plural)
rikostasi (partitive singular)
rikoksiasi (partitive plural)
rikoksessasi (inessive singular)
rikoksissasi (inessive plural)
rikoksestasi (elative singular)
rikoksistasi (elative plural)
rikokseesi (illative singular)
rikoksiisi (illative plural)
rikoksellasi (adessive singular)
rikoksillasi (adessive plural)
rikokseltasi (ablative singular)
rikoksiltasi (ablative plural)
rikoksellesi (allative singular)
rikoksillesi (allative plural)
rikoksenasi (essive singular)
rikoksinasi (essive plural)
rikokseksesi (singular translative)
rikoksiksesi (plural translative)
rikoksettasi (abessive singular)
rikoksittasi (abessive plural)
rikoksinesi (comitative plural)
rikoksemme (nominative singular)
rikoksemme (nominative plural)
rikoksemme (accusative nominative singular)
rikoksemme (accusative nominative plural)
rikoksemme (accusative genitive singular)
rikoksemme (accusative genitive plural)
rikoksemme (genitive singular)
rikostemme (genitive plural)
rikoksiemme (genitive plural)
rikostamme (partitive singular)
rikoksiamme (partitive plural)
rikoksessamme (inessive singular)
rikoksissamme (inessive plural)
rikoksestamme (elative singular)
rikoksistamme (elative plural)
rikokseemme (illative singular)
rikoksiimme (illative plural)
rikoksellamme (adessive singular)
rikoksillamme (adessive plural)
rikokseltamme (ablative singular)
rikoksiltamme (ablative plural)
rikoksellemme (allative singular)
rikoksillemme (allative plural)
rikoksenamme (essive singular)
rikoksinamme (essive plural)
rikokseksemme (singular translative)
rikoksiksemme (plural translative)
rikoksettamme (abessive singular)
rikoksittamme (abessive plural)
rikoksinemme (comitative plural)
rikoksenne (nominative singular)
rikoksenne (nominative plural)
rikoksenne (accusative nominative singular)
rikoksenne (accusative nominative plural)
rikoksenne (accusative genitive singular)
rikoksenne (accusative genitive plural)
rikoksenne (genitive singular)
rikostenne (genitive plural)
rikoksienne (genitive plural)
rikostanne (partitive singular)
rikoksianne (partitive plural)
rikoksessanne (inessive singular)
rikoksissanne (inessive plural)
rikoksestanne (elative singular)
rikoksistanne (elative plural)
rikokseenne (illative singular)
rikoksiinne (illative plural)
rikoksellanne (adessive singular)
rikoksillanne (adessive plural)
rikokseltanne (ablative singular)
rikoksiltanne (ablative plural)
rikoksellenne (allative singular)
rikoksillenne (allative plural)
rikoksenanne (essive singular)
rikoksinanne (essive plural)
rikokseksenne (singular translative)
rikoksiksenne (plural translative)
rikoksettanne (abessive singular)
rikoksittanne (abessive plural)
rikoksinenne (comitative plural)
rikoksensa (nominative singular)
rikoksensa (nominative plural)
rikoksensa (accusative nominative singular)
rikoksensa (accusative nominative plural)
rikoksensa (accusative genitive singular)
rikoksensa (accusative genitive plural)
rikoksensa (genitive singular)
rikostensa (genitive plural)
rikoksiensa (genitive plural)
rikostaan (partitive singular)
rikostansa (partitive singular)
rikoksiaan (partitive plural)
rikoksiansa (partitive plural)
rikoksessaan (inessive singular)
rikoksessansa (inessive singular)
rikoksissaan (inessive plural)
rikoksissansa (inessive plural)
rikoksestaan (elative singular)
rikoksestansa (elative singular)
rikoksistaan (elative plural)
rikoksistansa (elative plural)
rikokseensa (illative singular)
rikoksiinsa (illative plural)
rikoksellaan (adessive singular)
rikoksellansa (adessive singular)
rikoksillaan (adessive plural)
rikoksillansa (adessive plural)
rikokseltaan (ablative singular)
rikokseltansa (ablative singular)
rikoksiltaan (ablative plural)
rikoksiltansa (ablative plural)
rikokselleen (allative singular)
rikoksellensa (allative singular)
rikoksilleen (allative plural)
rikoksillensa (allative plural)
rikoksenaan (essive singular)
rikoksenansa (essive singular)
rikoksinaan (essive plural)
rikoksinansa (essive plural)
rikoksekseen (singular translative)
rikokseksensa (singular translative)
rikoksikseen (plural translative)
rikoksiksensa (plural translative)
rikoksettaan (abessive singular)
rikoksettansa (abessive singular)
rikoksittaan (abessive plural)
rikoksittansa (abessive plural)
rikoksineen (comitative plural)
rikoksinensa (comitative plural)

rikkoa (“to break; violate, breach (e.g. a law), infringe”) + -os. Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century).

fi-attest

tehdä rikos

(law) crime, offence/offense, criminality (criminal act)

rikollisuus

crime as a practice, habit or collective term


identity theft

en-noun

identity theft (countable and uncountable, plural identity thefts)

(law, criminology) The deliberate assumption of another person's identity, usually to gain access to that person's finances or to frame a person for a crime.


kieltää

kiellän (first-person indicative present singular)
en kiellä (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen kieltänyt (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole kieltänyt (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
kiellät (indicative present second-person singular)
et kiellä (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet kieltänyt (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole kieltänyt (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
kieltää (indicative present singular third-person)
ei kiellä (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on kieltänyt (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole kieltänyt (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
kiellämme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme kiellä (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme kieltäneet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole kieltäneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
kiellätte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette kiellä (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette kieltäneet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole kieltäneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
kieltävät (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät kiellä (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat kieltäneet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole kieltäneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
kielletään (indicative passive present)
ei kielletä (indicative negative passive present)
on kielletty (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole kielletty (indicative negative passive perfect)
kielsin (first-person indicative past singular)
en kieltänyt (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin kieltänyt (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut kieltänyt (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
kielsit (indicative past second-person singular)
et kieltänyt (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit kieltänyt (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut kieltänyt (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
kielsi (indicative past singular third-person)
ei kieltänyt (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli kieltänyt (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut kieltänyt (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
kielsimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme kieltäneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme kieltäneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet kieltäneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
kielsitte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette kieltäneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte kieltäneet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet kieltäneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
kielsivät (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät kieltäneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat kieltäneet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet kieltäneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
kiellettiin (indicative passive past)
ei kielletty (indicative negative passive past)
oli kielletty (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut kielletty (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
kieltäisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en kieltäisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin kieltänyt (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi kieltänyt (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
kieltäisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et kieltäisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit kieltänyt (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi kieltänyt (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
kieltäisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei kieltäisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi kieltänyt (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi kieltänyt (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
kieltäisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme kieltäisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme kieltäneet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi kieltäneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
kieltäisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette kieltäisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte kieltäneet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi kieltäneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
kieltäisivät (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät kieltäisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat kieltäneet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi kieltäneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
kiellettäisiin (conditional passive present)
ei kiellettäisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi kielletty (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi kielletty (conditional negative passive perfect)
kiellä (imperative present second-person singular)
älä kiellä (imperative negative present second-person singular)
kieltäköön (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön kieltäkö (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon kieltänyt (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko kieltänyt (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
kieltäkäämme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme kieltäkö (first-person imperative negative plural present)
kieltäkää (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää kieltäkö (imperative negative plural present second-person)
kieltäkööt (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt kieltäkö (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot kieltäneet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko kieltäneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
kiellettäköön (imperative passive present)
älköön kiellettäkö (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon kielletty (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko kielletty (imperative negative passive perfect)
kieltänen (first-person potential present singular)
en kieltäne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen kieltänyt (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene kieltänyt (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
kieltänet (potential present second-person singular)
et kieltäne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet kieltänyt (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene kieltänyt (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
kieltänee (potential present singular third-person)
ei kieltäne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee kieltänyt (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene kieltänyt (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
kieltänemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme kieltäne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme kieltäneet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene kieltäneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
kieltänette (plural potential present second-person)
ette kieltäne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette kieltäneet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene kieltäneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
kieltänevät (plural potential present third-person)
eivät kieltäne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät kieltäneet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene kieltäneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
kiellettäneen (passive potential present)
ei kiellettäne (negative passive potential present)
lienee kielletty (passive perfect potential)
ei liene kielletty (negative passive perfect potential)
kieltää (infinitive infinitive-i)
kieltävä (active participle present)
kiellettävä (participle passive present)
kieltääkseni (first-person possessive singular)
kieltääksemme (first-person plural possessive)
kieltääksesi (possessive second-person singular)
kieltääksenne (plural possessive second-person)
kieltääkseen (possessive third-person)
kieltääksensä (possessive third-person)
kieltänyt (infinitive-i-long past)
kielletty (infinitive-i-long past)
kieltäessä (inessive second-person)
kiellettäessä (inessive second-person)
kieltämä (agent)
kieltäessäni (first-person possessive singular)
kieltäessämme (first-person plural possessive)
kieltäessäsi (possessive second-person singular)
kieltäessänne (plural possessive second-person)
kieltäessään (possessive third-person)
kieltäessänsä (possessive third-person)
kieltämätön (inessive negative second-person)
kieltäen (instructive second-person)
kieltämässä (inessive third-person)
kieltämästä (elative third-person)
kieltämään (illative third-person)
kieltämällä (adessive third-person)
kieltämättä (abessive third-person)
kieltämän (instructive third-person)
kiellettämän (instructive third-person)
kieltäminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
kieltämäisilläni (first-person possessive singular)
kieltämäisillämme (first-person plural possessive)
kieltämäisilläsi (possessive second-person singular)
kieltämäisillänne (plural possessive second-person)
kieltämäisillään (possessive third-person)
kieltämäisillänsä (possessive third-person)

[ˈk̟ie̞̯l̪t̪æː(ʔ)]

From Proto-Finnic *keeltädäk, equivalently kiel- + -tää; the original meaning was likely simply "to speak".

kieltää jonkun testamentti


RFP

request for production
request for production#English

(law) Initialism of request for production.


EA

EA (countable and uncountable, plural EAs)

After the EA is issued, a public hearing and associated public comment period will be held to again solicit public input and to create an administrative record.

2024 August 19, “LAKETOWN 115-kV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT IN CARVER COUNTY, MN”, in Great River Energy, page 23:

environmental assessment
environmental assessment#English

(law) Initialism of environmental assessment.


legacy

From Middle English legacie, from Old French legacie and Medieval Latin lēgātia, from Latin lēgātum.

(law) Money or property bequeathed to someone in a will.

إرْث

money or property bequeathed to someone in a will


saving

saving (countable and uncountable, plural savings)

saving and transitional provisions

Tis Good Advice not to Contend with Those that are too Strong for us, but still with a saving to Honesty and Justice

1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:


rebuttal

(law) A pleading by a defendant in reply to the evidence put forward by a plaintiff or the prosecution.


precatory

en-adj

precatory (comparative more precatory, superlative most precatory)

more precatory (comparative)
most precatory (superlative)

From Late Latin precatorius, from Latin precari (“to pray”).

precatory words in a will

(law) Expressing a wish but not creating any legal obligation or duty.


partition

en-noun

partition (countable and uncountable, plural partitions)

/pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃən/

/pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃɪn/

Recorded c.1430, "division into shares, distinction," from Middle English particioun, from Old French particion (modern partition), from Latin partitio, partitionem (“division, portion”), from partitus, the past participle of partire (“to split (up), part(ition)”).

der

(law) The severance of common or undivided interests, particularly in real estate. It may be effected by consent of parties, or by compulsion of law.


ASL

Apache Software License
w:Apache License

(software, copyright law) Initialism of Apache Software License.


asi

From Ottoman Turkish عاصی, from Arabic عَاصٍ (ʕāṣin).


commonhold

(property law, England and Wales) The freehold tenure of part of a multioccupancy building (typically a flat) with shared responsibility for common services.


attendant

attendants (plural)
attendaunt (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English attendant, attendaunt, from Old French attendant.

(law) One who owes a duty or service to another.


attendant

the widow attendant to the heir

The tenant in dower[…]shall be attendant unto them by the rate and portion of the rent.

(law) Depending on, or owing duty or service to.


chancellor

chancellors (plural)
chanceler (alternative)
chanceller (alternative)
chancellour (alternative)
chancelor (alternative)
chancelour (alternative)
chaunceler (alternative)
chaunceller (alternative)
chauncellor (alternative)
chauncellour (alternative)
chauncelor (alternative)
chauncelour (alternative)

/ˈtʃɑːnsələ/

/ˈt͡ʃænsələ/

Angela Merkel
Frick Collection
Hans Holbein the Younger
Thomas More

From Anglo-Norman or Middle English chaunceler, chanceler, canceler (“chief administrative or executive officer of a ruler; chancellor, secretary; private secretary, scribe; Lord Chancellor of England; officer of the ruler's exchequer; a high administrative or executive officer (for example, a deputy or representative of a bishop; the head of a university)”), from Old French cancelier, chancelier (“chancellor”), from Late Latin cancellārius (“secretary; doorkeeper, porter; usher of a court of law stationed at the bars separating the public from the judges”), from Latin cancellī (plural of cancellus (“grate; bars, barrier; railings”), diminutive of cancer (“grid; barrier”), from Proto-Italic *karkros (“enclosure”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn”)) + -ārius (suffix forming nouns denoting an agent of use).
The word was present as Late Old English canceler, cancheler, from Norman cancheler, but was displaced in the 13th century by the Old French and Anglo-Norman forms mentioned above.

refn

From the Frick Collection in New York City, New York, USA.

مُسْتَشَار

senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government

The state [of Virginia, USA] is divided into 9 chancery districts, in each of which a superiour court of chancery is held. There are 4 chancellors.

1821–1822, “Virginia State Law and Regulations”, in William Griffith, editor, Annual Law Register of the United States, volume III, Burlington, N.J.: David Allinson, published 1822, →OCLC, paragraph VI (The “Superiour Courts of Chancery”), page 321, column 1:

In some of the states, as New York, Virginia, and South Carolina, the equity court is a distinct tribunal, having its appropriate judge, or chancellor, and officers.

1864, John Bouvier, “CHANCERY”, in A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States of America, […], 11th edition, volume I, Philadelphia, Pa.: George W[illiam] Childs, […], →OCLC, paragraph 3, page 219, column 2:

[John] Blair [Jr.] began his long judicial career when the state legislature—following the establishment of Virginia's judicial department in October, 1777—elected him one of five judges of the newly organized General Court. By 1779 he had become chief justice of that court, and, in November, 1780, he became chancellor of the three-member High Court of Chancery.

1985, “John Blair: Appointment as Associate Justice in 1789”, in Maeva Marcus, James R. Perry, editors, The Documentary History of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1789–1800, volumes 1, part 1 (Appointments and Proceedings), New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 54:

(US, law) The chief judge of a court of chancery (that is, one exercising equity jurisdiction).


ordre

→ Danish: ordre

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ordre

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: ordre

Inherited from Old French ordre, ordene, borrowed from Latin ōrdinem (accusative of ōrdo). Doublet of the inherited orne, now a regional term with a specialized agricultural sense.


contumacy

en-noun

contumacy (countable and uncountable, plural contumacies)

From Latin contumācia, from contumāx (“refusing to appear in a court of law in disobedience of a summons; insolent, obstinate, stiff-necked”).

[T]heſe Muſhrome Lords (Spirituall onely in Title, but wholly Temporall in reality), firſt ſprouted up by inſenſible degrees in the Church of Christ; ſo it is moſt infallibly convinced of notorious falſehood, by the multitude of thoſe moſt execrable Treaſons, Treacheries, Conſpiracies, Rebellions, Contumacies, Inſurrections, Seditions, and Anti-Monarchiall practiſes of Lordly Prelates, againſt their Soveraignes, in all ages ſince they grew rich and potent, in all Kingdomes and Churches where they have been admitted; […]

1641, William Prynne, “The Prologve”, in The Antipathie of the English Lordly Prelacie, both to Regall Monarchy, and Civil Unity: or, An Historicall Collection of the Severall Execrable Treasons, Conspiracies, Rebellions, Seditions, State-schismes, Contumacies, Antimonarchicall Practices, & Oppressions of our English, British, French, Scottish, and Irish Lardly Prelates, against our Kingdomes, Lawes, Liberties; and of the Severall Warres, and Civil Dissentions Occasioned by Them, in or against our Realm, in Former and Latter Ages. … The First Part, volume I, London: Printed by authority for Michael Sparke, senior, →OCLC, page 1:

Persons Judicially cited, are ſometimes wont, by a Non-Appearance in Court, to contemn the Judges Authority; and thereby to render themſelves contumacious: wherefore, I will conſider theſe Perſons under the following heads. […] 2dly, Examine how many Species or Kinds of Contumacy there are. […] The Plaintiff on the Return of a Peremptory Citation ought not to accuſe the Contumacy of the Perſon ſummon'd, otherwiſe he ſhall not be adjudged contumacious.

1726, John Ayliffe, “Of Contumacy, and the Several Kinds thereof”, in Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani: or, A Commentary, by Way of Supplement to the Canons and Constitutions of the Church of England. Not only from the Books of the Canon and Civil Law, but likewise from the Statute and Common Law of this Realm. …, London: Printed for the author, by D. Leach, and sold by John Walthoe in the Middle Temple Cloysters, James and John Knapton in St Paul's Churchyard, Richard Standfast in Westminster-Hall, William and John Innys at the West End of St Paul's, Francis Clay and Daniel Brown without Temple Bar, London, and Simon Martin, bookseller in Leicester, →OCLC, page 196:

When an accused person, or a witness, refuses to obey a citation, he shall be cited a second time; and if he still continue to refuse, he shall be excluded from the communion of the church for contumacy, until he repent.

1839, Broadway Tabernacle Anti-slavery Society, Proceedings of the Session of Broadway Tabernacle, Against Lewis Tappan: With the Action of the Presbytery and General Assembly, New York, N.Y.: [S. W. Benedict]; for sale at No. 43 Nassau Street, →OCLC, page 25:

I know how distasteful to God, contumacy, and contempt, and disobedience to order and authority is; and I know, (and all men, that choose not ignorance, may know) that our excommunications (though calumniators impute them to small things, because, many times, the first complaint is of some small matter) never issue but upon contumacies, contempts, disobediences to the church. But they are real contumacies, not interpretative, apparent contumacies, not presumptive, that excommunicate a man in heaven; and much circumspection is required, and (I am far from doubting it) exercised in those cases upon earth; […]

1839, John Donne, Henry Alford, “Sermon LXVI. Preached at St. Paul's, January 29, 1625. Psalm lxiii. 7.”, in The Works of John Donne, D.D., Dean of Saint Paul's, 1621–1631. With a Memoir of His Life. … In Six Volumes, volume III, London: John W. Parker, West Strand, →OCLC, page 164:

The old law came to recognize a procedure of contumacy, which constitutes a point of departure for our legal system so far as that relates to the doctrine of default, although the procedure has completely changed its aspect in the course of its successive transformations. […] As in the Germanic practice, the procedure by contumacy resulted, not in a condemnation for the act struck at by the prosecution, but in the outlawry of the person guilty of contumacy. Every safeguard given by the law was withdrawn from the person who refused to submit to the law.

1913, [Jean Paul Hippolyte Emmanuel] A[dhémar] Esmein, translated by John Simpson, A History of Continental Criminal Procedure: With Special Reference to France (The Continental Legal History Series; V), Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, page 73:

Contumacy · Generally speaking, contumacy is the deliberate disregard for legitimate authority. In canon law, contumacy is discussed in two matters. First, a party to an ecclesiastical case or controversy, though usually the respondent, who willfully and without reason refuses to appear before an ecclesiastical court, or who otherwise withholds necessary cooperation from the court, can be declared absent, that is, contumacious, and thereupon forfeits all or some of his or her rights before the tribunal[…]. The second and rather more common use of contumacy occurs in the matter of ecclesiastical penalties. In this sense, one who, after a warning, refuses to desist from delictual behaviour is considered contumacious, and thereby renders himself liable to censure[…].

1998, Peter M. J. Stravinskas, editor, Our Sunday Visitor's Catholic Encyclopedia, rev. edition, Huntington, Ind.: Our Sunday Visitor Publishing Division, →ISBN, page 278:

(chiefly Christianity and law) Disobedience, resistance to authority.

Dictionary of National Biography
Edward I of England
John Balliol
King of Scots
Kingdom of Scotland
Leslie Stephen
Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale
Wars of Scottish Independence
earl of Fife

Contumacy in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)


limitation

limitation (countable and uncountable, plural limitations)

Borrowed from Latin limitatio. Morphologically limit + -ation.

fee simple subject to executory limitation

The lawyer obtained impunity by dragging his obviously guilty client's case beyond the ten-year limitation.

(law) A time period after which some legal action may no longer be brought.

давност

time period — see also statute of limitations, prescription


genericize

en-verb

genericize (third-person singular simple present genericizes, present participle genericizing, simple past and past participle genericized)

genericizes (present singular third-person)
genericizing (participle present)
genericized (participle past)
genericized (past)
genericise (alternative)
generitize (alternative)

/dʒɪˈnɛɹ.ɪˌsaɪz/

genericized trademark
genericized trademark

(law, transitive) To turn into a genericized trademark.

To make generic.
To turn into a genericized trademark.


nolo contendere

en-noun

nolo contendere (plural nolo contenderes)

Directly from Latin nōlō contendere (“I do not wish to contend”).

der

(law) No contest. A plea by a defendant accused of a crime that, without admitting guilt, does not dispute the charge.


referent

referent (indefinite nominative singular)
referents (genitive indefinite singular)
referenten (definite nominative singular)
referentens (definite genitive singular)
referenter (indefinite nominative plural)
referenters (genitive indefinite plural)
referenterna (definite nominative plural)
referenternas (definite genitive plural)


larceny

en-noun

larceny (countable and uncountable, plural larcenies)

Coined in Middle English (as larceni) between 1425 and 1475 from Anglo-Norman larcin (“theft”), from Latin latrocinium (“robbery”), from latro (“robber, mercenary”), from Ancient Greek λάτρον (látron, “pay, hire”).

der

“Why are you walking around,” inquired Oedipa, “with your eyes closed, Metzger?” “Larceny,” Metzger said, “maybe they'll need a lawyer.”

1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 3, in The Crying of Lot 49, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, published November 1976, →ISBN, page 37:

He was prudent enough not to admit he was earning money, which went down well with you, for you knew already he was working “black,” as the Germans call it — meaning illegally, and at night. Shrewd chap, you thought; resourceful; not above a bit of larceny.

(law, uncountable) The unlawful taking of personal property as an attempt to deprive the legal owner of it permanently.

кражба

law: unlawful taking of personal property

That young man already has four assaults, a DUI, and a larceny on his record.

(law, countable) An individual instance of such a taking.


first e-rights

2003, Technically you have used "first e-rights" and can no longer sell it as an unpublished story/article ... Once a story is printed on the web, first e-rights have been used but first print rights are still available. — Tina Morgan Know Your Rights, appearing in Fiction Factor: The online magazine for fiction writers.

(copyright law) The right to publish a work for the first time in electronic form.


justify

en-verb

justify (third-person singular simple present justifies, present participle justifying, simple past and past participle justified)

justifies (present singular third-person)
justifying (participle present)
justified (participle past)
justified (past)
justifie (alternative)

From Middle English justifien, from Old French justifier, from Late Latin justificare (“make just”), from Latin justus, iustus (“just”) + ficare (“make”), from facere, equivalent to just + -ify.

(law) To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.

J'USTIFYING BAIL, practice, is the production of bail in court, who there justify' themselves against the exception of the plaintiff.

1839, John Bouvier, A Law Dictionary Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States of America and of the Several States of the American Union, volume I, Philadelphia: T. & J.W. Johnson, page 557:

(law) To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.


JD

juvenile delinquent
juvenile delinquent#English

(law) Initialism of juvenile delinquent.


completion

en-noun

completion (countable and uncountable, plural completions)

termination

antonym(s) of “making complete, accomplishment”

Borrowed from Latin completio, completionem, from complere (“to fill up, complete”); comparable to English complete + -ion.

(law) The conclusion of an act of conveyancing concerning the sale of a property.

exécution

law: conclusion of an act of conveyancing


felonious

en-adj

felonious (comparative more felonious, superlative most felonious)

more felonious (comparative)
most felonious (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-felonious.wav

From Middle English *felonious (implied in feloniously; compare felonous); equivalent to felony + -ous.

felonious homicide

First, as felony prosecutor, I prosecute high-level felonies including homicides; sexual assaults; child endangerings; shootings and other felonious assaults; and media cases.

2015, Kenneth J. Peak, Pamela M. Everett, Introduction to Criminal Justice: Practice and Process:

(law) Done with intent to commit a crime.


Constitution

The Constitution is anchored in English liberal thought and the Magna Carta.

The US Constitution was written in 1787.

As the search continued, I developed five criteria for the selection process. The next Chief Justice must have a top-flight legal mind; he must be young enough to serve at least ten years; he should, if possible, have experience both as a practicing lawyer and as an appeals court judge; he must generally share my view that the Court should interpret the Constitution rather than amend it by judicial fiat; and he must have a special quality of leadership that would enable him to resolve differences among his colleagues so that, as often as possible, the Court would speak decisively on major cases with one voice or at least with a strong voice for the majority opinion.

1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 419:

The Constitution is very clear. My job was oversee the session of Congress where objections could be heard. And I made sure that objections would be recognized, so we would hear whatever evidence and other debate there was. But the Constitution says you open and count the votes, no more no less. The Constitution affords no authority to the Vice President or anyone else to reject votes or return votes to the states.

2023 July 5, Mike Pence, 7:52 from the start, in Watch All In With Chris Hayes Highlights: July 6, MSNBC, archived from the original on 2023-07-07:

Please kindly bring your hardcopy of the Constitution to every class.

2024, John L. Badalamenti, Ashley C. Grabowski, “ADVANCED CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION: ORIGINALISM AND ITS FOES”, in University of Florida, page 2:

(law) The supreme law of some countries, such as Australia, Ireland, and the United States.


Ersatz

de-noun

Ersatz m (strong, genitive Ersatzes, plural (uncommon) Ersätze)

Ersatzes (genitive)
Ersätze (plural uncommon)
Ersatz (nominative singular)
Ersätze (definite nominative plural uncommon)
Ersatzes (genitive singular)
Ersätze (definite genitive plural uncommon)
Ersatz (dative singular)
Ersatze (dative singular)
Ersätzen (dative definite plural uncommon)
Ersatz (accusative singular)
Ersätze (accusative definite plural uncommon)

→ English: ersatz

→ French: ersatz

→ Polish: erzac

Back-formation from ersetzen (“to replace, substitute”).

back-formation

In der Verwaltung kann die prozessführende Behörde auch eine andere Kasse als die des Staates hinter sich haben; unterliegt sie, so fallen diese Ersätze "demjenigen zur Last, der nach gesetzlicher Bestimmung die Amtsunkosten der Behörde zu tragen hat" […]

1895, Otto Mayer, Deutsches Verwaltungsrecht, volume 1, Leipzig, page 184:


Firma

Firma (genitive)
Firmen (plural)
Firma (nominative singular)
Firmen (definite nominative plural)
Firma (genitive singular)
Firmen (definite genitive plural)
Firma (dative singular)
Firmen (dative definite plural)
Firma (accusative singular)
Firmen (accusative definite plural)

→ Romanian: firmă

→ Turkish: firma

Borrowed from Italian firma. Cognate with English firm.

(specialist, law, economics) A firm, the name under which a company operates, as opposed to the actual legal entity.


J

Js (plural)
J's (plural)
JJ (plural)
J. (alternative)
j. (alternative)
j (alternative)

In the result, six members of the Court (Dawson J. dissenting) are in agreement that the common law of this country recognizes a form of native title which, in the cases where it has not been extinguished, reflects the entitlement of the indigenous inhabitants, in accordance with their laws or customs, to their traditional lands and that, subject to the effect of some particular Crown leases, the land entitlement of the Murray Islanders in accordance with their laws or customs is preserved, as native title, under the law of Queensland. The main difference between those members of the Court who constitute the majority is that, subject to the operation of the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth), neither of us nor Brennan J. agrees with the conclusion to be drawn from the judgments of Deane, Toohey and Gaudron JJ. that, at least in the absence of clear and unambiguous statutory provision to the contrary, extinguishment of native title by the Crown by inconsistent grant is wrongful and gives rise to a claim for compensatory damages.

1992 June 3, Chief Justice Anthony Mason, Justice Michael McHugh, “Mabo v Queensland (No 2)”, in Australasian Legal Information Institute, High Court of Australia:

(law, postnominal) (plural JJ) Abbreviation of judge or justice.


K

Abbreviations.
# (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of counter, prefix counter-, sequence contr.

ng

prefix <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">counter-</i>, sequence contr.

(law, informal) Abbreviation of contract.


Mandat

de-noun

Mandat n (strong, genitive Mandates or Mandats, plural Mandate)

Mandates (genitive)
Mandats (genitive)
Mandate (plural)
Mandat (nominative singular)
Mandate (definite nominative plural)
Mandates (genitive singular)
Mandats (genitive singular)
Mandate (definite genitive plural)
Mandat (dative singular)
Mandate (dative singular)
Mandaten (dative definite plural)
Mandat (accusative singular)
Mandate (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Latin mandātum, from mandō (“to command”).

(law, politics) mandate (official command)


P

(law) Initialism of patient, the subject of proceedings in the Court of Protection.


PH

en-noun

PH (countable and uncountable, plural PHs)

(law) Initialism of preliminary hearing.


PK

peninjauan kembali
peninjauan kembali#Indonesian


Paragraph

de-noun

Paragraph m (weak, genitive Paragraphen, plural Paragraphen)

Paragraphen (genitive)
Paragraphen (plural)
Paragraph (nominative singular)
Paragraphen (definite nominative plural)
Paragraphen (genitive singular)
Paragraphen (definite genitive plural)
Paragraphen (dative singular)
Paragraphen (dative definite plural)
Paragraphen (accusative singular)
Paragraphen (accusative definite plural)
Paragraf (alternative)

(law) article, paragraph (section of a legal document)


R

The English case of R v R [1992] AC 599 ruled that rape can be committed by a husband against his wife.

(law) the Crown, the government of a monarchy (abbreviating rex (“king”) or regina (“queen”))


Roe

From a Middle English nickname meaning a roe.

Ultimately, Ms. Bottone said she just wanted to know whether she could keep driving in the H.O.V. lane for the remainder of her pregnancy, as she said she had in her previous pregnancies, long before the overturning of Roe.

2022 July 12, Luke Vander Ploeg, “Can You Drive Alone in the H.O.V. Lane if You’re Pregnant? A Post-Roe Quandary.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(US, law, US politics, informal) Ellipsis of Roe v. Wade, the 1973 US Supreme Court case which legalized abortion and reaffirmed the existence of a right to privacy under due process following the 14th Amendment.


Roman

en-adj

Roman (comparative more Roman, superlative most Roman)

more Roman (comparative)
most Roman (superlative)

From Old French Romain, from Latin Rōmānus. In reference to the Byzantine Empire, via the Byzantine Greek endonym Ῥωμαῖος (Rhōmaîos). By surface analysis, Rome + -an. Doublet of Romano.

You will find the term defined at the end of Roman one.

(law, colloquial) Used to distinguish a Roman numeral from an Arabic numeral in oral discourse.


Sache

de-noun

Sache f (genitive Sache, plural Sachen, diminutive Sächlein n or Sächelchen n)

Sache (genitive)
Sachen (plural)
Sächlein (diminutive neuter)
Sächelchen (diminutive neuter)
Sache (nominative singular)
Sachen (definite nominative plural)
Sache (genitive singular)
Sachen (definite genitive plural)
Sache (dative singular)
Sachen (dative definite plural)
Sache (accusative singular)
Sachen (accusative definite plural)

→ Greater Polish: zacha

→ Kashubian: zacha

→ Slovincian: zacha

From Middle High German sache, from Old High German sahha, from Proto-West Germanic *saku, from Proto-Germanic *sakō.
Cognate with Bavarian Såch, Yiddish זאַך (zakh), German Low German Sake, Low German Sake, Dutch zaak, Afrikaans saak, English sake, Danish sag, Swedish sak.

bewegliche Sache

unbewegliche Sache

Sachen im Sinne des Gesetzes sind nur körperliche Gegenstände.

Only corporeal objects are things as defined by law.


Solon

Solon (nominative singular)
Solona (genitive singular)
Solonowi (dative singular)
Solona (accusative singular)
Solonem (instrumental singular)
Solonie (locative singular)
Solonie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σόλων (Sólōn).

lbor

(law, politics) Solon (statesman and lawgiver)


Tat

Tat (genitive)
Taten (plural)
Tat (nominative singular)
Taten (definite nominative plural)
Tat (genitive singular)
Taten (definite genitive plural)
Tat (dative singular)
Taten (dative definite plural)
Tat (accusative singular)
Taten (accusative definite plural)
That (alternative)

From Middle High German tāt, from Old High German tāt (akin to Old Saxon dād), from Proto-West Germanic *dādi.
Compare Low German Daad/Daat, Dutch daad, English deed, Danish dåd, Gothic *𐌳𐌴𐌸𐍃 (*dēþs), and Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis, “arrangement”).


Tenor

de-noun

Tenor m (strong, genitive Tenors, no plural)

Tenors (genitive)
Tenor (nominative singular)
Tenors (genitive singular)
Tenor (dative singular)
Tenor (accusative singular)

(law, Germany, sometimes Austria) operative part of a court order


Testament

Testament n (strong, genitive Testamentes or Testaments, plural Testamente)

Testamentes (genitive)
Testaments (genitive)
Testamente (plural)
Testament (nominative singular)
Testamente (definite nominative plural)
Testamentes (genitive singular)
Testaments (genitive singular)
Testamente (definite genitive plural)
Testament (dative singular)
Testamente (dative singular)
Testamenten (dative definite plural)
Testament (accusative singular)
Testamente (accusative definite plural)


Trinity

(UK, Ireland, law, education) Ellipsis of Trinity term.


Union

(locomotive): Derived from the name of the only U.S. company to use that configuration.

(chiefly India, with determiner, law) Alternative form of union.


pm

pubblico ministerio
pubblico ministerio#Italian

(law) abbreviation of pubblico ministerio (“public prosecutor”)


rog

en-noun

rog (countable and uncountable, plural rogs)

(law, informal) an interrogatory (sense 1)


rota

rota (nominative singular)
roty (nominative plural)
roty (genitive singular)
rot (genitive plural)
rocie (dative singular)
rotom (dative plural)
rotę (accusative singular)
roty (accusative plural)
rotą (instrumental singular)
rotami (instrumental plural)
rocie (locative singular)
rotach (locative plural)
roto (singular vocative)
roty (plural vocative)

(law, Roman Catholicism) tribunal of appeal functioning under the Roman Curia


interlocutory

(law) Expressed during a legal action that awaits final decision.

(law) Of or pertaining to legal action that is temporary or provisional.


vencer

pt-verb

vencer (first-person singular present venço, first-person singular preterite venci, past participle vencido)

venço (first-person present singular)
venci (first-person preterite singular)
vencido (participle past)
vencer (impersonal infinitive)
vencer (first-person infinitive singular)
venceres (infinitive second-person singular)
vencer (infinitive singular third-person)
vencermos (first-person infinitive plural)
vencerdes (infinitive plural second-person)
vencerem (infinitive plural third-person)
vencendo (gerund)
vencido (masculine participle past singular)
vencidos (masculine participle past plural)
vencida (feminine participle past singular)
vencidas (feminine participle past plural)
venço (first-person indicative present singular)
vences (indicative present second-person singular)
vence (indicative present singular third-person)
vencemos (first-person indicative plural present)
venceis (indicative plural present second-person)
vencem (indicative plural present third-person)
vencia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vencias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vencia (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vencíamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vencíeis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
venciam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
venci (first-person indicative preterite singular)
venceste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
venceu (indicative preterite singular third-person)
vencemos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
vencestes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
venceram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
vencera (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
venceras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
vencera (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
vencêramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
vencêreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
venceram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
vencerei (first-person future indicative singular)
vencerás (future indicative second-person singular)
vencerá (future indicative singular third-person)
venceremos (first-person future indicative plural)
vencereis (future indicative plural second-person)
vencerão (future indicative plural third-person)
venceria (conditional first-person singular)
vencerias (conditional second-person singular)
venceria (conditional singular third-person)
venceríamos (conditional first-person plural)
venceríeis (conditional plural second-person)
venceriam (conditional plural third-person)
vença (first-person present singular subjunctive)
venças (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vença (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vençamos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vençais (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vençam (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vencesse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vencesses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vencesse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vencêssemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vencêsseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vencessem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vencer (first-person future singular subjunctive)
venceres (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vencer (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vencermos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vencerdes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vencerem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
vence (imperative second-person singular)
vença (imperative singular third-person)
vençamos (first-person imperative plural)
vencei (imperative plural second-person)
vençam (imperative plural third-person)
não venças (imperative negative second-person singular)
não vença (imperative negative singular third-person)
não vençamos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não vençais (imperative negative plural second-person)
não vençam (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese vencer, from Latin vincere, from Proto-Italic *winkō, from Proto-Indo-European *wi-n-k-, nasal infix from *weyk- (“to overcome”).

inh+

A nossa dívida vence amanhã.


kuri

kuri (nominative singular)
kurit (nominative plural)
kuri (accusative nominative singular)
kurit (accusative nominative plural)
kurin (accusative genitive singular)
kurit (accusative genitive plural)
kurin (genitive singular)
kurien (genitive plural)
kuria (partitive singular)
kureja (partitive plural)
kurissa (inessive singular)
kureissa (inessive plural)
kurista (elative singular)
kureista (elative plural)
kuriin (illative singular)
kureihin (illative plural)
kurilla (adessive singular)
kureilla (adessive plural)
kurilta (ablative singular)
kureilta (ablative plural)
kurille (allative singular)
kureille (allative plural)
kurina (essive singular)
kureina (essive plural)
kuriksi (singular translative)
kureiksi (plural translative)
kuritta (abessive singular)
kureitta (abessive plural)
kurein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kurini (nominative singular)
kurini (nominative plural)
kurini (accusative nominative singular)
kurini (accusative nominative plural)
kurini (accusative genitive singular)
kurini (accusative genitive plural)
kurini (genitive singular)
kurieni (genitive plural)
kuriani (partitive singular)
kurejani (partitive plural)
kurissani (inessive singular)
kureissani (inessive plural)
kuristani (elative singular)
kureistani (elative plural)
kuriini (illative singular)
kureihini (illative plural)
kurillani (adessive singular)
kureillani (adessive plural)
kuriltani (ablative singular)
kureiltani (ablative plural)
kurilleni (allative singular)
kureilleni (allative plural)
kurinani (essive singular)
kureinani (essive plural)
kurikseni (singular translative)
kureikseni (plural translative)
kurittani (abessive singular)
kureittani (abessive plural)
kureineni (comitative plural)
kurisi (nominative singular)
kurisi (nominative plural)
kurisi (accusative nominative singular)
kurisi (accusative nominative plural)
kurisi (accusative genitive singular)
kurisi (accusative genitive plural)
kurisi (genitive singular)
kuriesi (genitive plural)
kuriasi (partitive singular)
kurejasi (partitive plural)
kurissasi (inessive singular)
kureissasi (inessive plural)
kuristasi (elative singular)
kureistasi (elative plural)
kuriisi (illative singular)
kureihisi (illative plural)
kurillasi (adessive singular)
kureillasi (adessive plural)
kuriltasi (ablative singular)
kureiltasi (ablative plural)
kurillesi (allative singular)
kureillesi (allative plural)
kurinasi (essive singular)
kureinasi (essive plural)
kuriksesi (singular translative)
kureiksesi (plural translative)
kurittasi (abessive singular)
kureittasi (abessive plural)
kureinesi (comitative plural)
kurimme (nominative singular)
kurimme (nominative plural)
kurimme (accusative nominative singular)
kurimme (accusative nominative plural)
kurimme (accusative genitive singular)
kurimme (accusative genitive plural)
kurimme (genitive singular)
kuriemme (genitive plural)
kuriamme (partitive singular)
kurejamme (partitive plural)
kurissamme (inessive singular)
kureissamme (inessive plural)
kuristamme (elative singular)
kureistamme (elative plural)
kuriimme (illative singular)
kureihimme (illative plural)
kurillamme (adessive singular)
kureillamme (adessive plural)
kuriltamme (ablative singular)
kureiltamme (ablative plural)
kurillemme (allative singular)
kureillemme (allative plural)
kurinamme (essive singular)
kureinamme (essive plural)
kuriksemme (singular translative)
kureiksemme (plural translative)
kurittamme (abessive singular)
kureittamme (abessive plural)
kureinemme (comitative plural)
kurinne (nominative singular)
kurinne (nominative plural)
kurinne (accusative nominative singular)
kurinne (accusative nominative plural)
kurinne (accusative genitive singular)
kurinne (accusative genitive plural)
kurinne (genitive singular)
kurienne (genitive plural)
kurianne (partitive singular)
kurejanne (partitive plural)
kurissanne (inessive singular)
kureissanne (inessive plural)
kuristanne (elative singular)
kureistanne (elative plural)
kuriinne (illative singular)
kureihinne (illative plural)
kurillanne (adessive singular)
kureillanne (adessive plural)
kuriltanne (ablative singular)
kureiltanne (ablative plural)
kurillenne (allative singular)
kureillenne (allative plural)
kurinanne (essive singular)
kureinanne (essive plural)
kuriksenne (singular translative)
kureiksenne (plural translative)
kurittanne (abessive singular)
kureittanne (abessive plural)
kureinenne (comitative plural)
kurinsa (nominative singular)
kurinsa (nominative plural)
kurinsa (accusative nominative singular)
kurinsa (accusative nominative plural)
kurinsa (accusative genitive singular)
kurinsa (accusative genitive plural)
kurinsa (genitive singular)
kuriensa (genitive plural)
kuriaan (partitive singular)
kuriansa (partitive singular)
kurejaan (partitive plural)
kurejansa (partitive plural)
kurissaan (inessive singular)
kurissansa (inessive singular)
kureissaan (inessive plural)
kureissansa (inessive plural)
kuristaan (elative singular)
kuristansa (elative singular)
kureistaan (elative plural)
kureistansa (elative plural)
kuriinsa (illative singular)
kureihinsa (illative plural)
kurillaan (adessive singular)
kurillansa (adessive singular)
kureillaan (adessive plural)
kureillansa (adessive plural)
kuriltaan (ablative singular)
kuriltansa (ablative singular)
kureiltaan (ablative plural)
kureiltansa (ablative plural)
kurilleen (allative singular)
kurillensa (allative singular)
kureilleen (allative plural)
kureillensa (allative plural)
kurinaan (essive singular)
kurinansa (essive singular)
kureinaan (essive plural)
kureinansa (essive plural)
kurikseen (singular translative)
kuriksensa (singular translative)
kureikseen (plural translative)
kureiksensa (plural translative)
kurittaan (abessive singular)
kurittansa (abessive singular)
kureittaan (abessive plural)
kureittansa (abessive plural)
kureineen (comitative plural)
kureinensa (comitative plural)

Unclear. A dialectal meaning (Southwestern and Satakunta) "narrow passage" may suggest origin as a parallel formation of kuru (“gorge”), with further semantic development being > "route" > "way" > "habit" > "discipline". Cognate with Ingrian kuri and Karelian kuri (both possibly from Finnish).

unk

Unclear

joka kuritta kasvaa, se kunniatta kuolee

(law) short for kuritushuone (type of prison sentence)


kurul

head

kurul (definite accusative kurulu, plural kurullar)

kurulu (accusative definite)
kurullar (plural)
kurul (nominative singular)
kurullar (nominative plural)
kurulu (accusative definite singular)
kurulları (accusative definite plural)
kurula (dative singular)
kurullara (dative plural)
kurulda (locative singular)
kurullarda (locative plural)
kuruldan (ablative singular)
kurullardan (ablative plural)
kurulun (genitive singular)
kurulların (genitive plural)
kurulum (first-person nominative singular)
kurullarım (first-person nominative singular)
kurulun (nominative second-person singular)
kurulların (nominative second-person singular)
kurulu (nominative singular third-person)
kurulları (nominative singular third-person)
kurulumuz (first-person nominative plural)
kurullarımız (first-person nominative plural)
kurulunuz (nominative plural second-person)
kurullarınız (nominative plural second-person)
kurulları (nominative plural third-person)
kurulumu (accusative definite first-person singular)
kurullarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
kurulunu (accusative definite second-person singular)
kurullarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
kurulunu (accusative definite singular third-person)
kurullarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
kurulumuzu (accusative definite first-person plural)
kurullarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
kurulunuzu (accusative definite plural second-person)
kurullarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
kurullarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
kuruluma (dative first-person singular)
kurullarıma (dative first-person singular)
kuruluna (dative second-person singular)
kurullarına (dative second-person singular)
kuruluna (dative singular third-person)
kurullarına (dative singular third-person)
kurulumuza (dative first-person plural)
kurullarımıza (dative first-person plural)
kurulunuza (dative plural second-person)
kurullarınıza (dative plural second-person)
kurullarına (dative plural third-person)
kurulumda (first-person locative singular)
kurullarımda (first-person locative singular)
kurulunda (locative second-person singular)
kurullarında (locative second-person singular)
kurulunda (locative singular third-person)
kurullarında (locative singular third-person)
kurulumuzda (first-person locative plural)
kurullarımızda (first-person locative plural)
kurulunuzda (locative plural second-person)
kurullarınızda (locative plural second-person)
kurullarında (locative plural third-person)
kurulumdan (ablative first-person singular)
kurullarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
kurulundan (ablative second-person singular)
kurullarından (ablative second-person singular)
kurulundan (ablative singular third-person)
kurullarından (ablative singular third-person)
kurulumuzdan (ablative first-person plural)
kurullarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
kurulunuzdan (ablative plural second-person)
kurullarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
kurullarından (ablative plural third-person)
kurulumun (first-person genitive singular)
kurullarımın (first-person genitive singular)
kurulunun (genitive second-person singular)
kurullarının (genitive second-person singular)
kurulunun (genitive singular third-person)
kurullarının (genitive singular third-person)
kurulumuzun (first-person genitive plural)
kurullarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
kurulunuzun (genitive plural second-person)
kurullarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
kurullarının (genitive plural third-person)

kur- (“to assemble”) + -ul (noun-deriving suffix)

suffix

(business, law) board (of directors, judges, etc.)


mediator

pl-noun

mediator m pers (female equivalent mediatorka)

mediatorka (feminine)
mediator (nominative singular)
mediatorzy (nominative plural)
mediatory (derogatory nominative plural)
mediatora (genitive singular)
mediatorów (genitive plural)
mediatorowi (dative singular)
mediatorom (dative plural)
mediatora (accusative singular)
mediatorów (accusative plural)
mediatorem (instrumental singular)
mediatorami (instrumental plural)
mediatorze (locative singular)
mediatorach (locative plural)
mediatorze (singular vocative)
mediatorzy (plural vocative)

(law) mediator (person who professionally listens to the conflicting parties and tries to reach a settlement, which sometimes helps avoid a court case)


riparian

/ɹʌɪˈpɛːɹɪən/

/ɹɪˈpɛːɹɪən/

Borrowed from Latin rīpārius (“relating to a riverbank”) + -an.

bor

(chiefly law) A person or other entity that lives or owns property along the shore of a river.


sors

la-noun

sors f (genitive sortis); third declension

sortis (genitive)
sors (nominative singular)
sortēs (nominative plural)
sortis (genitive singular)
sortium (genitive plural)
sortī (dative singular)
sortibus (dative plural)
sortem (accusative singular)
sortēs (accusative plural)
sortīs (accusative plural)
sorte (ablative singular)
sortī (ablative singular)
sortibus (ablative plural)
sors (singular vocative)
sortēs (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: short

Aromanian: soarti, soarte

Asturian: suerte

Catalan: sort

Dalmatian: suart

⇒ English: sorcery

French: sort

Friulian: sorte

Galician: sorte

→ Hungarian: sors

Istriot: suorto

Italian: sorte

Neapolitan: ciorta

Norman: sort

Occitan: sòrt

desctree

Old French: sorte
→ English: sort
French: sorte
→ Central Franconian: Zoot, Zort (chiefly Moselle Franconian)
→ Danish: sort
→ German: Sorte
→ Russian: сорт (sort)
→ Yiddish: סאָרט (sort)
Norman: sorte
→ Scots: sort

Portuguese: sorte

Romanian: soartă, soarte

Romansch: sort

Sardinian: solte, solti, sorte, sorti

Sicilian: sorti

Spanish: suerte

Venetan: sòrt, sorte

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *sorticula

Catalan: sortilla

Old Galician-Portuguese: sortella

Galician: sortella

Old Spanish: sortija

Spanish: sortija

From Proto-Italic *sortis (“joining, joint”), from Proto-Indo-European *sér-ti-s, from *ser- (“to bind”). Cognate with serō (“to link together”), seriēs (“row, series”), sermō (“conversation”).

(Medieval Latin, law) lands and easements attached to a property