crimen

en-noun

crimen (countable and uncountable, plural crimina)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin crīmen (“verdict; adultery; crime”). Doublet of crime.

ubor

1884, The Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 3rd Series, Volume V, page 416,
Such presumptions are common in connection with crimen and affinity.

2006, Fellowship of Catholic Scholars Quarterly, Volumes 29-30, Fellowship of Catholic Scholars, page 7,
Third, some might think that Michael avoids the impediment of crimen because a civil court approved his petition to deprive Terri of nutrition and hydration.

(law, ecclesiastical law) An impediment to Catholic marriage due to a conspiracy to murder or a death of a previous spouse.


demandar

ca-verb

demandar (first-person singular present demando, first-person singular preterite demandí, past participle demandat)

demando (first-person present singular)
demandí (first-person preterite singular)
demandat (participle past)
demandar (infinitive)
demandant (gerund)
demandat (masculine participle past singular)
demandada (feminine participle past singular)
demandats (masculine participle past plural)
demandades (feminine participle past plural)
demando (first-person indicative present singular)
demandes (indicative present second-person singular)
demanda (indicative present singular third-person)
demandem (first-person indicative plural present)
demandeu (indicative plural present second-person)
demanden (indicative plural present third-person)
demandava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
demandaves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
demandava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
demandàvem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
demandàveu (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandaven (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
demandaré (first-person future indicative singular)
demandaràs (future indicative second-person singular)
demandarà (future indicative singular third-person)
demandarem (first-person future indicative plural)
demandareu (future indicative plural second-person)
demandaran (future indicative plural third-person)
demandí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
demandares (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandà (indicative preterite singular third-person)
demandàrem (first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandàreu (indicative plural preterite second-person)
demandaren (indicative plural preterite third-person)
demandaria (conditional first-person indicative singular)
demandaries (conditional indicative second-person singular)
demandaria (conditional indicative singular third-person)
demandaríem (conditional first-person indicative plural)
demandaríeu (conditional indicative plural second-person)
demandarien (conditional indicative plural third-person)
demandi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
demandis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
demandi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
demandem (first-person plural present subjunctive)
demandeu (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demandin (plural present subjunctive third-person)
demandés (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandessis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
demandés (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
demandéssim (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandéssiu (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandessin (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
demanda (imperative second-person)
demandi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular)
demandem (first-person imperative plural)
demandeu (imperative plural second-person)
demandin (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically)
no demandis (imperative negative second-person)
no demandi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular)
no demandem (first-person imperative negative plural)
no demandeu (imperative negative plural second-person)
no demandin (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically)

Learned borrowing from Latin demandāre. Doublet of demanar.

(transitive, law) to start legal proceedings against someone, to sue


demandar

gl-verb

demandar (first-person singular present demando, first-person singular preterite demandei, past participle demandado)

demando (first-person present singular)
demandei (first-person preterite singular)
demandado (participle past)
demandar (impersonal infinitive)
demandar (first-person infinitive singular)
demandares (infinitive second-person singular)
demandar (infinitive personal singular)
demandarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
demandardes (infinitive plural second-person)
demandaren (infinitive personal plural)
demandando (gerund)
demandado (masculine participle past singular)
demandado (first-person masculine participle past singular)
demandado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
demandados (masculine participle past plural)
demandados (first-person masculine participle past plural second-person)
demandada (feminine participle past singular)
demandada (feminine first-person participle past singular)
demandada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
demandadas (feminine participle past plural)
demandadas (feminine first-person participle past plural second-person)
demando (first-person indicative present singular)
demandas (indicative present second-person singular)
demanda (indicative present singular)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
demandades (indicative plural present second-person)
demandan (indicative plural present)
demandaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
demandabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
demandaba (imperfect indicative singular)
demandabamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
demandabades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandaban (imperfect indicative plural)
demandei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
demandaches (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandou (indicative preterite singular)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
demandaron (indicative plural preterite)
demandara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
demandaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
demandara (indicative pluperfect singular)
demandaramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
demandarades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
demandaran (indicative pluperfect plural)
demandarei (first-person future indicative singular)
demandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
demandará (future indicative singular)
demandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
demandaredes (future indicative plural second-person)
demandarán (future indicative plural)
demandaría (conditional first-person singular)
demandarías (conditional second-person singular)
demandaría (conditional singular)
demandariamos (conditional first-person plural)
demandariades (conditional plural second-person)
demandarían (conditional plural)
demande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
demandes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
demande (present singular subjunctive)
demandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
demandedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demanden (plural present subjunctive)
demandase (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandases (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
demandase (imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandásemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandásedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandasen (imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
demandares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
demandar (future singular subjunctive)
demandarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
demandardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
demandaren (future plural subjunctive)
demanda (imperative second-person singular)
demande (imperative singular)
demandemos (first-person imperative plural)
demandade (imperative plural second-person)
demanden (imperative plural)
non demandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
non demande (imperative negative singular)
non demandemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
non demandedes (imperative negative plural second-person)
non demanden (imperative negative plural)
demandar (impersonal infinitive)
demandar (first-person infinitive singular)
demandares (infinitive second-person singular)
demandar (infinitive singular third-person)
demandarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
demandardes (infinitive plural second-person)
demandarem (infinitive plural third-person)
demandando (gerund)
demandado (first-person masculine participle past singular third-person)
demandado (masculine participle past second-person singular)
demandados (masculine participle past plural)
demandada (feminine first-person participle past singular third-person)
demandada (feminine participle past second-person singular)
demandadas (feminine participle past plural)
demando (first-person indicative present singular)
demandas (indicative present second-person singular)
demanda (indicative present singular third-person)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
demandades (indicative plural present second-person)
demandais (indicative plural present second-person)
demandam (indicative plural present third-person)
demandava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
demandavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
demandava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
demandávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
demandávades (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandáveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandávais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
demandei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
demandaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandache (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
demandárom (indicative plural preterite third-person)
demandaram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
demandara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
demandaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
demandara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
demandáramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
demandárades (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
demandáreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
demandárais (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
demandaram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
demandarei (first-person future indicative singular)
demandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
demandará (future indicative singular third-person)
demandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
demandaredes (future indicative plural second-person)
demandareis (future indicative plural second-person)
demandarám (future indicative plural third-person)
demandarão (future indicative plural third-person)
demandaria (conditional first-person singular)
demandarias (conditional second-person singular)
demandaria (conditional singular third-person)
demandaríamos (conditional first-person plural)
demandaríades (conditional plural second-person)
demandaríeis (conditional plural second-person)
demandaríais (conditional plural second-person)
demandariam (conditional plural third-person)
demande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
demandes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
demande (present singular subjunctive third-person)
demandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
demandedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demandeis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demandem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
demandasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
demandasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
demandássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandássedes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
demandar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
demandares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
demandar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
demandarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
demandardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
demandarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
demanda (imperative second-person singular)
demande (imperative singular third-person)
demandemos (first-person imperative plural)
demandade (imperative plural second-person)
demandai (imperative plural second-person)
demandem (imperative plural third-person)
nom demandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
nom demande (imperative negative singular third-person)
nom demandemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
nom demandedes (imperative negative plural second-person)
nom demandeis (imperative negative plural second-person)
nom demandem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese demandar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin dēmandāre. Compare Portuguese demandar.

inh+

Non sería quen de acoitelar un home; máis ben o demandaría nun xulgado.

She would not stab a man; she would sue him in the law courts.


demandar

demando (first-person present singular)
demandei (first-person preterite singular)
demandado (participle past)
demandar (impersonal infinitive)
demandar (first-person infinitive singular)
demandares (infinitive second-person singular)
demandar (infinitive singular third-person)
demandarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
demandardes (infinitive plural second-person)
demandarem (infinitive plural third-person)
demandando (gerund)
demandado (masculine participle past singular)
demandados (masculine participle past plural)
demandada (feminine participle past singular)
demandadas (feminine participle past plural)
demando (first-person indicative present singular)
demandas (indicative present second-person singular)
demanda (indicative present singular third-person)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
demandais (indicative plural present second-person)
demandam (indicative plural present third-person)
demandava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
demandavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
demandava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
demandávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
demandáveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
demandei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
demandaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
demandamos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
demandaram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
demandara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
demandaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
demandara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
demandáramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
demandáreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
demandaram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
demandarei (first-person future indicative singular)
demandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
demandará (future indicative singular third-person)
demandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
demandareis (future indicative plural second-person)
demandarão (future indicative plural third-person)
demandaria (conditional first-person singular)
demandarias (conditional second-person singular)
demandaria (conditional singular third-person)
demandaríamos (conditional first-person plural)
demandaríeis (conditional plural second-person)
demandariam (conditional plural third-person)
demande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
demandes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
demande (present singular subjunctive third-person)
demandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
demandeis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demandem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
demandasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
demandasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
demandássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
demandar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
demandares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
demandar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
demandarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
demandardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
demandarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
demanda (imperative second-person singular)
demande (imperative singular third-person)
demandemos (first-person imperative plural)
demandai (imperative plural second-person)
demandem (imperative plural third-person)
não demandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
não demande (imperative negative singular third-person)
não demandemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não demandeis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não demandem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese demandar, from Latin dēmandāre. Compare Galician demandar.


demandar

es-verb

demandar (first-person singular present demando, first-person singular preterite demandé, past participle demandado)

demando (first-person present singular)
demandé (first-person preterite singular)
demandado (participle past)
demandar (infinitive)
demandando (gerund)
demandado (masculine participle past singular)
demandada (feminine participle past singular)
demandados (masculine participle past plural)
demandadas (feminine participle past plural)
demando (first-person indicative present singular)
demandas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
demandás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
demanda (indicative present singular third-person)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
demandáis (indicative plural present second-person)
demandan (indicative plural present third-person)
demandaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
demandabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
demandaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
demandábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
demandabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
demandaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
demandé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
demandaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
demandó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
demandamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
demandasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
demandaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
demandaré (first-person future indicative singular)
demandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
demandará (future indicative singular third-person)
demandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
demandaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
demandarán (future indicative plural third-person)
demandaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
demandarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
demandaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
demandaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
demandaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
demandarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
demande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
demandes (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
demandés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
demande (present singular subjunctive third-person)
demandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
demandéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
demanden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
demandara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
demandaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
demandara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
demandáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
demandarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
demandaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
demandase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
demandases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
demandase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
demandásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
demandaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
demandasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
demandare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
demandares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
demandare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
demandáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
demandareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
demandaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
demanda (imperative informal second-person singular)
demandá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
demande (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
demande (imperative singular third-person)
demandemos (first-person imperative plural)
demandad (imperative plural second-person)
demanden (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
demanden (imperative plural third-person)
demandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
demande (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
demande (imperative negative singular third-person)
demandemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
demandéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
demanden (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
demanden (imperative negative plural third-person)
demandarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
demandarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
demandarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
demandarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
demandarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
demandaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
demandarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
demandarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
demandarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
demandarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
demandarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
demandarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
demandarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
demandarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
demandaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
demandarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
demandarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
demandarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
demandándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
demandándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
demandándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
demandándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
demandándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
demandándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
demandándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
demandándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
demandándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
demandándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
demandándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
demandándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
demandándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
demandándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
demandándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
demandándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
demandándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
demandándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
demándame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
demándate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
demándale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demándanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
demándales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demándame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
demándate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
demándalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demándala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demándanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
demándalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demándalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
demandame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
demandate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
demandale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demandanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
demandales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demandame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
demandate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
demandalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demandala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demandanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
demandalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demandalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
demándeme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
demándele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
demándese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
demándenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
demándeles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
demándeme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
demándelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
demándela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
demándese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
demándenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
demándelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
demándelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
demandémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
demandémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
demandémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
demandémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
demandémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
demandémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
demandémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
demandémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
demandémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
demandémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
demandémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
demandémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
demandadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
demandadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demandadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
demandaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
demandadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demandadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
demandadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demandadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demandadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
demandaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
demandadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demandadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demándenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
demándenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demándennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
demándenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demándense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demándenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
demándenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demándenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
demándennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
demándenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demándenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
demándense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish demandar, from Latin demandāre.

demandar en juicio


scienter

From Latin scienter (“knowingly”), from sciō (“know”).


scienter

(law) knowledge of one's own illegal acts; intent


atestar

atestar (first-person singular present atesto, first-person singular preterite atesté, past participle atestado)

atesto (first-person present singular)
atesté (first-person preterite singular)
atestado (participle past)
atestar (infinitive)
atestando (gerund)
atestado (masculine participle past singular)
atestada (feminine participle past singular)
atestados (masculine participle past plural)
atestadas (feminine participle past plural)
atesto (first-person indicative present singular)
atestas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
atestás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
atesta (indicative present singular third-person)
atestamos (first-person indicative plural present)
atestáis (indicative plural present second-person)
atestan (indicative plural present third-person)
atestaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
atestabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
atestaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
atestábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
atestabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
atestaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
atesté (first-person indicative preterite singular)
atestaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
atestó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
atestamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
atestasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
atestaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
atestaré (first-person future indicative singular)
atestarás (future indicative second-person singular)
atestará (future indicative singular third-person)
atestaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
atestaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
atestarán (future indicative plural third-person)
atestaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
atestarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
atestaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
atestaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
atestaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
atestarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
ateste (first-person present singular subjunctive)
atestes (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
atestés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
ateste (present singular subjunctive third-person)
atestemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
atestéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
atesten (plural present subjunctive third-person)
atestara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
atestaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
atestara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
atestáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
atestarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
atestaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
atestase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
atestases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
atestase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
atestásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
atestaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
atestasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
atestare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
atestares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
atestare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
atestáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
atestareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
atestaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
atesta (imperative informal second-person singular)
atestá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
ateste (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
ateste (imperative singular third-person)
atestemos (first-person imperative plural)
atestad (imperative plural second-person)
atesten (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
atesten (imperative plural third-person)
atestes (imperative negative second-person singular)
ateste (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
ateste (imperative negative singular third-person)
atestemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
atestéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
atesten (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
atesten (imperative negative plural third-person)


título

títulos (plural)
titulo (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Latin titulus (“title”), unknown origin. Doublet of til.

(law) certificate of right of some sort, such as to ownership of a property


sucesión

(law) inheritance (act of inheriting, not the thing inherited)


modo

From Esperanto modo (“mood”), from English mode, French mode, German Modus, Italian modo, Russian мо́да (móda), Spanish modo, all ultimately from Latin modus.

ekmodaekmodeskar ()ekmodigar ()

to become out of fashion; to cause to go out of fashion

enmodaenmodeskar ()enmodigar ()

in fashion; to become in fashion; to cause to go in fashion


भाषा

bhāṣā (romanization)
भाषा (nominative singular)
भाषे (dual nominative)
भाषाः (nominative plural)
भाषाम् (accusative singular)
भाषे (accusative dual)
भाषाः (accusative plural)
भाषया (instrumental singular)
भाषा1 (instrumental singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भाषाभिः (instrumental plural)
भाषायै (dative singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भाषाभ्यः (dative plural)
भाषायाः (ablative singular)
भाषायै2 (ablative singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भाषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
भाषायाः (genitive singular)
भाषायै2 (genitive singular)
भाषयोः (dual genitive)
भाषाणाम् (genitive plural)
भाषायाम् (locative singular)
भाषयोः (dual locative)
भाषासु (locative plural)
भाषे (singular vocative)
भाषे (dual vocative)
भाषाः (plural vocative)

Dardic:

desc

Dameli: [script needed] (bâṣa, “language”)

Shina: بݜ (baṣ)

→ Domaaki: [script needed] (bāṣ)

desctree

Pali: bhāsā
→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬱ (bhāṣa)
→ Burmese: ဘာသာ (bhasa)
→ Indonesian: bahasa
→ Isan: ภาษา (páa-sǎa)
→ Javanese: ꦧꦱ (basa)
→ Khmer: ភាសា (phiəsaa)
→ Khün: ᨽᩣᩈᩣ
→ Northern Thai: ᨽᩣᩈᩣ
→ Lao: ພາສາ (phā sā)
→ Lü: ᦘᦱᦉᦱ (phaaṡaa)
→ Mon: ဘာသာ (pʰesa)
→ Northern Thai: ᨽᩣᩇᩣ (bhasa)
→ Shan: ၽႃႇသႃႇ (phàa sàa)
→ Thai: ภาษา (paa-sǎa)

Prakrit: 𑀪𑀸𑀲𑀸 (bhāsā)

Eastern:

Bengali: ভাস (bhaś)

Bihari:

Maithili: भास (bhās)

Chakma: 𑄞𑄌𑄴 (bhāc)

Northern:

Garhwali: भाख (bhākh)

Kumaoni: भाश

Nepali: भास (bhās)

Insular:

Dhivehi: ބަސް (bas, “language”)

Sinhalese: බහ (baha, “word, saying”)

Southern:

Konkani: भास (bhās)

Central:

Chhattisgarhi: भाखा (bhākhā)

→ Acehnese: بَهْسَا (bahsa)

→ Assamese: ভাষা (bhaxa)

→ Banjarese: بَهَاسَ (bahasa)

→ Bengali: ভাষা (bhaśa)

→ Betawi: bahasa

→ Buginese: ᨅᨔ (basa)

→ Cia-Cia: bahasa / 바하사 (bahasa)

→ Dogri: (bhāśā)

Devanagari script: भाशा

Dogra script: 𑠡𑠬𑠧𑠬

→ Fiji Hindi: भाषा (bhāṣā), bhasa

→ Gujarati: ભાષા (bhāṣā)

→ Hindi: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Kachchi: ભાષા (bhāṣā) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಭಾಷೆ (bhāṣe)

→ Madurese: بَهاسَ (basa)

→ Maguindanao: bahasah

→ Makasar: ᨅᨔ (basa)

→ Malay: bahasa (بهاس)
→ English: Bahasa (along with Indonesian bahasa)
Indonesian: bahasa, basa (colloquial, uncommon)
→ Cia-Cia: bahasa
→ Dutch: bahasa
→ English: Bahasa (along with Malay bahasa)
→ Musi: bahaso, baso
Negeri Sembilan Malay: baso
Pattani Malay: بهاس (bahasa)
→ Tausug: bahasa
→ Yakan: bahasa

desc

→ Malayalam: ഭാഷ (bhāṣa), പാഴ (pāḻa) — tadbhava

→ Maranao: basa

→ Minangkabau: بَاسو (baso)

→ Nepali: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Newar: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Northern Khmer: พซา

desctree

→ Old Javanese: bhāṣa
> Javanese: ꦧꦱ (basa) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬱ (basa)

→ Odia: ଭାଷା (bhāṣā)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘰𑘬𑘰 (bhāṣā)

Marathi: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Punjabi: ਭਾਸ਼ਾ (bhāśā)

→ Sinhalese: භාෂාව (bhāṣāwa)

→ Sundanese: ᮘᮞ (basa)

desc

→ Tamil: பாசை (pācai), பாடை (pāṭai) — nonstandard, rare, archaic, பாஷா (pāṣā), பாஷை (pāṣai) — tatsama

→ Tausug: bahasa

→ Telugu: భాష (bhāṣa)

→ Tulu: ಬಾಸೆ (bāse), ಭಾಷೆ (bhāṣe), ಭಾಶೆ (bhāśe), ಬಾಶೆ (bāśe)

→ Urdu: بھَاشَا (bhāśā)

→ Urdu: بھَاشَا (bhāśā)

→ Yakan: bahasa

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: [Term?] (bāṣ, “word”)

From the root भाष् (bhāṣ, “to speak”); further origin uncertain. Theories include:
* From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-s- (“to sound”); compare Lithuanian balsas (“voice”) and Latvian balss (“voice”). The retroflexion is in this case due to Fortunatov's law.
* From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-s- (“to speak”); compare Latin fās (“divine law”). The retroflex ṣ could either be onomatopoeic or to avoid homonymy with root भास् (bhās, “to shine”) (compare originally fully homonymous English flower and flour or German küssen and Kissen).

der

(law) accusation, charge, complaint, plaint


pièce

→ Danish: pjece

→ Northern Kurdish: piyes

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: piece

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیهس (piyes)

Turkish: piyes (play - in a theatre)

→ Romanian: piesă

desctree

→ Russian: пье́са (pʹjésa)
→ Armenian: պիես (pies)
→ Georgian: პიესა (ṗiesa)
→ Kazakh: пьеса (pesa)

→ Swedish: pjäs

desc

п'єса<alt:п’є́са>

→ Ukrainian: п’є́са (pʺjésa)

→ Yiddish: פּיעסע (pyese)

Inherited from Middle French piece, from Old French piece, from Late Latin pettia, from Gaulish *pettya, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis.

une pièce comptable

une pièce justificative

une pièce à conviction

une pièce d'identité


lagan

Per Littré, from Old French lagan, from Medieval Latin laga maris (“law of the sea”), from Old Norse lǫg (“law”) and Latin maris (“of the sea”)

der

The country folk, who were prowling about the shore after the waifs of the storm, deserted jetsom and lagend, and crowded to meet the richer prize.

1866, Charles Kingsley, chapter 6, in Hereward the Wake, London: Nelson, page 129:

"Lagan" was a word already in use, recorded as early as 1200, from a Scandinavian word family for things that lie deep. It is recorded again in 1531 to signify cargo that has sunk and lies on the bottom of the ocean, but might yet be reclaimed.

2015, Anne Harris, "Oceanic Valuation", in Oceanic New York, Punctum Books, page 163:

Lagan are those things that are intentionally jettisoned, as well, but which sink below the surface, possibly marked by a buoy or a line.

2022, Lara Messersmith-Glavin, Spirit Things, London: University Press of Colorado, pages 101-112:

(law) Goods or materials found or left on the sea floor, attached to a floating marker that indicates ownership.


foro

From Old Galician-Portuguese foro, from Latin forum. Doublet of fórum and cognate with Galician foro and Spanish fuero.

(law, historical) foral (royal document establishing a town's council)


testigo

es-noun

testigo m or f by sense (plural testigos)

Varios testigos y un compañero del vendedor aseguran que la muerte se produjo tras una persecución de los agentes, que iban en motocicleta.

2018 March 16, Miguel Ángel Medina, “Seis detenidos en las protestas en Lavapiés por la muerte de un mantero”, in El País:

Several witnesses and a colleague of the vendor claim that his death occurred after a chase by the officers, who were on a motorcycle.

(law) witness (one who is called upon to witness an event or action)


ex aequo et bono

(law) according to what is right and good - rather than according to the law


vincular

ca-verb

vincular (first-person singular present vinculo, first-person singular preterite vinculí, past participle vinculat)

vinculo (first-person present singular)
vinculí (first-person preterite singular)
vinculat (participle past)
vincular (infinitive)
vinculant (gerund)
vinculat (masculine participle past singular)
vinculada (feminine participle past singular)
vinculats (masculine participle past plural)
vinculades (feminine participle past plural)
vinculo (first-person indicative present singular)
vincules (indicative present second-person singular)
vincula (indicative present singular third-person)
vinculem (first-person indicative plural present)
vinculeu (indicative plural present second-person)
vinculen (indicative plural present third-person)
vinculava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vinculaves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vinculava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vinculàvem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vinculàveu (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vinculaven (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vincularé (first-person future indicative singular)
vincularàs (future indicative second-person singular)
vincularà (future indicative singular third-person)
vincularem (first-person future indicative plural)
vinculareu (future indicative plural second-person)
vincularan (future indicative plural third-person)
vinculí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vinculares (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vinculà (indicative preterite singular third-person)
vinculàrem (first-person indicative plural preterite)
vinculàreu (indicative plural preterite second-person)
vincularen (indicative plural preterite third-person)
vincularia (conditional first-person indicative singular)
vincularies (conditional indicative second-person singular)
vincularia (conditional indicative singular third-person)
vincularíem (conditional first-person indicative plural)
vincularíeu (conditional indicative plural second-person)
vincularien (conditional indicative plural third-person)
vinculi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vinculis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vinculi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vinculem (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vinculeu (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vinculin (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vinculés (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vinculessis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vinculés (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vinculéssim (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vinculéssiu (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vinculessin (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vincula (imperative second-person)
vinculi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular)
vinculem (first-person imperative plural)
vinculeu (imperative plural second-person)
vinculin (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically)
no vinculis (imperative negative second-person)
no vinculi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular)
no vinculem (first-person imperative negative plural)
no vinculeu (imperative negative plural second-person)
no vinculin (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically)
vinclar (alternative archaic)

Borrowed from Latin vinculāre (“bind”), from vinciō (“bind”).


curtilage

/ˈkɜːtɪlɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈkɝtəlɪd͡ʒ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-curtilage.wav

Inherited from Middle English curtylage and Anglo-Norman, from Old French cortillage, curtillage, from cortil (“court, courtyard”), from Latin cortis (“court”); see court. Compare courtledge.

The scope of the curtilage is determined by considering the proximity to the home, whether it is fenced or otherwise enclosed, the nature of the use of the area, and the efforts the resident takes to screen the area from public view.

2007, Ken Wallentine, Street Legal: A Guide to Pre-trial Criminal Procedure for Police, Prosecutors, and Defenders:

High winds are not in themselves a controllable risk. But fallen trees certainly are, given the control the railway has over its own curtilage.

2022 March 9, Industry Insider, “A damaging trend”, in RAIL, number 952, page 68:

(law) The area immediately surrounding a house, especially dooryard areas and sometimes including closely associated buildings and structures.

宅地

the area immediately surrounding a house


prima facie

en-adv

prima facie (comparative more prima facie, superlative most prima facie)

more prima facie (comparative)
most prima facie (superlative)

From Latin prīmā (“first”) + faciē (“shape, figure”), literally “at the first appearance.”

[…] the nicest young man that ever was, — daintily gloved, patently booted, oilily curled, snowily wristbanded, with a lovely cambric (prima facie) handkerchief bound about his hyacinthine locks and polished hat.

1871, Gail Hamilton, Gala-days, page 191:

Prima facie this may not read like a true story.

1916 April 8, The National Provisioner, volume 54, number 15, page 36, column 2:

(law) At first sight; on the face of it.


prima facie

We conclude that the single photon is somehow interacting with itself. And now we have prima facie evidence of the superposition of quantum particles, that they can exist in more than one place at the same time.

2020, Alex Garland, 17:59 from the start, in Devs, season 1, episode 5, spoken by Lecturer (Liz Carr):

(law) Apparently correct; not needing proof unless evidence to the contrary is shown.


pleading

en-noun

pleading (countable and uncountable, plural pleadings)

(law) A document filed in a lawsuit, particularly a document initiating litigation or responding to the initiation of litigation.


crossbill

he not having the money ready[…] filed a bill for a specific performance, evidently to gain time. The vendors filed a crossbill; and afterwards the purchaser became a bankrupt

1836, Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, A Practical Treatise of the Law of Vendors and Purchasers of Estates:

(law) A bill brought by a defendant, in an equity or chancery suit, against the plaintiff, respecting the matter in question in that suit.


instrumento

→ Tagalog: instrumento

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: instrument


FU

(law) initialism of förundersökning (“preliminary investigation, pre-trial investigation”)


lawman

From Middle English laweman, laȝaman (as a man's name, Laȝamon, Layamon), from Old English lahmann, borrowed from Old Norse lǫgmaðr. In present use as a law-enforcement officer, law + -man.

(law, historical) A lawspeaker: a declarer of the law.

(law, historical) One of 12 magistrates in certain Danish boroughs of England empowered with soc and sac over their own households.

From the twelfth century Shetland had been administered directly by the Norwegian crown through the 'foud', rather than forming part of the patrimony of a great aristocratic estate. The foud appointed 'underfouds' and the Shetlands evolved their own elected officers, a 'lawman' and parish 'lawrightmen', who adjudicated and negotiated the collection of customary taxes and fines on behalf of the local population.

1983, Paul Thompson, Tony Wailey, Trevor Lummis, History Workshop Series, Living the Fishing, Routledge & Kegan Paul:

(law, Orkney and Shetland) The presiding justice of the supreme court.


debarment

debarment (countable and uncountable, plural debarments)

(US, law) In the United States Food and Drugs Act, a penalty imposed on persons or companies that commit crimes in connection with applications for approval of drugs, in which such persons are barred from submitting or assisting in the submission of such an application.


debar

en-verb

debar (third-person singular simple present debars, present participle debarring, simple past and past participle debarred)

debars (present singular third-person)
debarring (participle present)
debarred (participle past)
debarred (past)

(US, law, transitive) To prohibit (a person or company that has been convicted of criminal acts in connection with a government program) from future participation in that program.


asesor

asesor (nominative singular)
asesorzy (nominative plural)
asesory (derogatory nominative plural)
asesora (genitive singular)
asesorzy (genitive plural)
asesorowie (genitive plural)
asesorowi (dative singular)
asesorom (dative plural)
asesora (accusative singular)
asesorzy (accusative plural)
asesorowie (accusative plural)
asesorem (instrumental singular)
asesorami (instrumental plural)
asesorze (locative singular)
asesorach (locative plural)
asesorze (singular vocative)
asesorzy (plural vocative)

(law) associate, associate justice (a member of an institution or society who is granted only partial status or privileges)


survivorship

en-noun

survivorship (usually uncountable, plural survivorships)

(law) A right whereby a person becomes entitled to property by reason of his having survived another person who had an interest in it. It is one of the elements of a joint tenancy.


privileged

en-adj

privileged (comparative more privileged, superlative most privileged)

more privileged (comparative)
most privileged (superlative)

(law) Not subject to legal discovery due to a protected status.


avoision

"Avoision" is how I referred to the panoply of questionable conduct about whose status as either avoidance or evasion we couldn't make up our minds.

1996, Leo Katz, Ill-Gotten Gains, University of Chicago Press, page 52:

"Seldon (1979) coined the term 'Avoision' to indicate 'the blurring between tax avoidance and evasion that arises from the looser connection between the legal and the moral'"

2008, Alan Lewis, editor, The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour, Cambridge University Press, page 306:

(taxation, law) Nonpayment of tax that cannot clearly be seen as either tax avoidance, which is legal, or tax evasion, which is illegal.


garnishee

(law) The person whose money is garnished.


garnishee

en-verb

garnishee (third-person singular simple present garnishees, present participle garnisheeing, simple past and past participle garnisheed)

garnishees (present singular third-person)
garnisheeing (participle present)
garnisheed (participle past)
garnisheed (past)

Her bank account was garnisheed to pay an outstanding tax debt.

(transitive, law) To have (money) set aside by court order (particularly for the payment of alleged debts); to garnish.


prosecution

en-noun

prosecution (countable and uncountable, plural prosecutions)

/ˌpɹɔs.ɪˈkjʉː.ʃən/

/ˌpɹɒs.ɪˈkjʉː.ʃən/

Equivalent to prosecute + -ion, from Middle French prosecution, from Late Latin prōsecutio, from Latin prōsequor (“follow, pursue”), from pro- (“onward”) + sequor (“follow”) (English sequel). Compare persecution, and see more at prosecute.

Such a scandal as the prosecution of a brother for forgery—with a verdict of guilty—is a most truly horrible, deplorable, fatal thing. It takes the respectability out of a family perhaps at a critical moment, when the family is just assuming the robes of respectability: […] it is a black spot which all the soaps ever advertised could never wash off.

1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

The justices declared that the statute does not establish a age of consent, and declared that in future prosecutions of persons charged with "indecent assault and battery" the state will have to prove that the alleged victim did not consent to the act.

1983 December 10, Larry Goldsmith, “Massachusetts Court Rules on Age of Consent”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 21, page 1:

(law) The institution of legal proceedings (particularly criminal) against a person.

مُقَاضَاة

the institution of legal proceedings against a person

criminal prosecution; criminal prosecution

Strafverfolgung f strafrechtliche Verfolgung

абвінава́чванне

the prosecuting party of the institution of legal proceedings

The prosecution case was that the men forced the sisters to strip, threw their clothes over the bridge, then raped them and participated in forcing them to jump into the river to their deaths. As he walked off the bridge, Clemons was alleged to have said: "We threw them off. Let's go."

2012 August 21, Ed Pilkington, “Death penalty on trial: should Reggie Clemons live or die?”, in The Guardian:

Backed by public outrage, the prosecution requested the death penalty to be imposed on the murderer.

(law) In many countries, a legal body and institution, usually part of the state apparatus, empowered to perform prosecution. Prosecutor's Office. See Prosecutor.


modality

modality (countable and uncountable, plural modalities)

(law) The quality of being limited by a condition.


assignment

assignment (countable and uncountable, plural assignments)

assignment (computer science)
homework assignment
sex assignment

From Middle English assignement, from Old French assignement. By surface analysis, assign + -ment.

The assignment of the lease has not been finalised yet.

(law) A transfer of a right or benefit from one person to another.

Once you receive the assignment in the post, be sure to sign it and send it back as soon as possible.

(law) A document that effects this transfer.


SR

SR (countable and uncountable, plural SRs)

(law, politics) Initialism of state resolution.

(law, politics) Initialism of senate resolution.


retention

retention (countable and uncountable, plural retentions)

From Middle English retencioun, borrowed from Latin retentiō, retentiōnis, from retentus, the perfect passive participle of retineō (“retain”) (from re- (“back, again”) + teneō (“hold, keep”)).

The right of retention, which bears a near resemblance to compensation, is chiefly competent where the mutual debts, not being liquid, cannot be the ground of compensation

1754, John Erskine of Carnock, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

(law) The right to withhold a debt, or of retaining property until a debt due to the person claiming the right is duly paid; a lien.

pidätysoikeus

right to retain property until a debt is paid


inhibition

inhibition (countable and uncountable, plural inhibitions)

/ɪnhɪˈbɪʃən/

From Middle English inhibicioun, inhibicione from Old French inibicion, from Latin inhibitio.
Morphologically inhibit + -ion.

(law) A writ from a higher court to an inferior judge to stay proceedings.


positivism

positivism (countable and uncountable, plural positivisms)

Borrowed from French positivisme, from positif (“positive”). Equivalent to positive + -ism.

(law) A school of thought in jurisprudence in which the law is seen as separated from moral values; i.e. the law is posited by lawmakers (humans).


nominator

la-noun

nōminātor m (genitive nōminātōris); third declension

nōminātor (canonical masculine)
nōminātōris (genitive)
nōminātor (nominative singular)
nōminātōrēs (nominative plural)
nōminātōris (genitive singular)
nōminātōrum (genitive plural)
nōminātōrī (dative singular)
nōminātōribus (dative plural)
nōminātōrem (accusative singular)
nōminātōrēs (accusative plural)
nōminātōre (ablative singular)
nōminātōribus (ablative plural)
nōminātor (singular vocative)
nōminātōrēs (plural vocative)


dagen

dagen (infinitive)
dagen (gerund neuter)
daag (first-person present singular)
daagde (first-person past singular)
daagt (present second-person singular)
daag (present second-person singular)
daagde (past second-person singular)
daagt (formal present second-person singular)
daagde (formal past second-person singular)
daagt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
daagt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
daagde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
daagde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
daagt (present singular third-person)
daagde (past singular third-person)
dagen (plural present)
daagden (past plural)
dage (archaic present singular subjunctive)
daagde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
dagen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
daagden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
daag (imperative present singular)
daagt (archaic imperative plural present)
dagend (participle present)
gedaagd (participle past)

From Middle Dutch dāgen, from Old Dutch *dagon, from Proto-West Germanic *dagēn, from Proto-Germanic *dagāną.

(transitive, law) to subpoena, summon to appear in court


helgi

is-noun

helgi f (genitive singular helgi, no plural)

helgi (genitive singular)
helgi (indefinite nominative singular)
helgin (definite nominative singular)
helgi (accusative indefinite singular)
helgina (accusative definite singular)
helgi (dative indefinite singular)
helginni (dative definite singular)
helgi (genitive indefinite singular)
helginnar (definite genitive singular)


helgi

non-decl-blank-sing

helgi

helgi (indefinite nominative singular)
helgin (definite nominative singular)
helgi (accusative indefinite singular)
helgina (accusative definite singular)
helgi (dative indefinite singular)
helginni (dative definite singular)
helgi (genitive indefinite singular)
helginnar (definite genitive singular)

Icelandic: helgi (2)

Faroese: halgi

heilagr (“holy”) + -i (“abstract noun suffix; -ness”).


mora

Learned borrowing from Latin mora (“delay”).

lbor

(law) a mulct for not paying a debt in time


sekt

fo-noun

sekt f (genitive singular sektar, plural sektir)

sektar (genitive singular)
sektir (plural)
sekt (indefinite nominative singular)
sektin (definite nominative singular)
sektir (indefinite nominative plural)
sektirnar (definite nominative plural)
sekt (accusative indefinite singular)
sektina (accusative definite singular)
sektir (accusative indefinite plural)
sektirnar (accusative definite plural)
sekt (dative indefinite singular)
sektini (dative definite singular)
sektum (dative indefinite plural)
sektunum (dative definite plural)
sektar (genitive indefinite singular)
sektarinnar (definite genitive singular)
sekta (genitive indefinite plural)
sektanna (definite genitive plural)


mál

mál n (genitive singular máls, plural mál)

máls (genitive singular)
mál (plural)
mál (indefinite nominative singular)
málið (definite nominative singular)
mál (indefinite nominative plural)
málini (definite nominative plural)
mál (accusative indefinite singular)
málið (accusative definite singular)
mál (accusative indefinite plural)
málini (accusative definite plural)
máli (dative indefinite singular)
málinum (dative definite singular)
málum (dative indefinite plural)
málunum (dative definite plural)
máls (genitive indefinite singular)
málsins (definite genitive singular)
mála (genitive indefinite plural)
málanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *maþlą.


mál

is-noun

mál n (genitive singular máls, nominative plural mál)

máls (genitive singular)
mál (nominative plural)
mál (indefinite nominative singular)
málið (definite nominative singular)
mál (indefinite nominative plural)
málin (definite nominative plural)
mál (accusative indefinite singular)
málið (accusative definite singular)
mál (accusative indefinite plural)
málin (accusative definite plural)
máli (dative indefinite singular)
málinu (dative definite singular)
málum (dative indefinite plural)
málunum (dative definite plural)
máls (genitive indefinite singular)
málsins (definite genitive singular)
mála (genitive indefinite plural)
málanna (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Norse mál, from Proto-Germanic *maþlą.


mál

non-decl-blank-full

mál

mál (indefinite nominative singular)
málit (definite nominative singular)
mǫ́l (indefinite nominative plural)
mǫ́lin (definite nominative plural)
mál (accusative indefinite singular)
málit (accusative definite singular)
mǫ́l (accusative indefinite plural)
mǫ́lin (accusative definite plural)
máli (dative indefinite singular)
málinu (dative definite singular)
mǫ́lum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫ́lunum (dative definite plural)
máls (genitive indefinite singular)
málsins (definite genitive singular)
mála (genitive indefinite plural)
málanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: mál

Faroese: mál

Norwegian Bokmål: mål

Old Swedish: māl

Swedish: mål

Danish: mål

desc

→ Old English: māl (“speech, contract, agreement”)

Middle English: mal, male

English: mail

Scots: mail

From Proto-Germanic *maþlą, whence also Old Saxon mahal, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl).

bragarmál

contraction of unstressed words; poetic speech


grein

fo-noun

grein f (genitive singular greinar, plural greinar or greinir)

greinar (genitive singular)
greinar (plural)
greinir (plural)
grein (indefinite nominative singular)
greinin (definite nominative singular)
greinar (indefinite nominative plural)
greinarnar (definite nominative plural)
grein (accusative indefinite singular)
greinina (accusative definite singular)
greinar (accusative indefinite plural)
greinarnar (accusative definite plural)
grein (dative indefinite singular)
greinini (dative definite singular)
greinum (dative indefinite plural)
greinunum (dative definite plural)
greinar (genitive indefinite singular)
greinarinnar (definite genitive singular)
greina (genitive indefinite plural)
greinanna (definite genitive plural)
grein (indefinite nominative singular)
greinin (definite nominative singular)
greinir (indefinite nominative plural)
greinirnar (definite nominative plural)
grein (accusative indefinite singular)
greinina (accusative definite singular)
greinir (accusative indefinite plural)
greinirnar (accusative definite plural)
grein (dative indefinite singular)
greinini (dative definite singular)
greinum (dative indefinite plural)
greinunum (dative definite plural)
greinar (genitive indefinite singular)
greinarinnar (definite genitive singular)
greina (genitive indefinite plural)
greinanna (definite genitive plural)


visitation

en-noun

visitation (countable and uncountable, plural visitations)

/ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃən/

From Anglo-Norman visitacioun, from Old French visitacion, from Latin vīsitātiō. By surface analysis, visit + -ation.

(law) The right of a separated or divorced parent to visit a child; access.


tithing

From Middle English tithyng, from Old English tēoþung or tēoðung, from tēoða (“a tithe”) + -ing (suffix forming patronymics and diminutives) and tēoþian (“to tithe”) + -ung (suffix forming verbal nouns). Equivalent to tithe + -ing.

(historical, law) A body of households (originally a tenth of a hundred or ten households) bound by frankpledge to collective responsibility and punishment for each other's behavior.

(historical, law) A part of the hundred as a rural division of territory.

tithingman

oath-bound division of the hundred, leader

decenary

oath-bound division of the hundred, member


Chewbacca defense

Chewbacca defense (plural Chewbacca defenses)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Chewbacca defense.wav

Chewbacca (a character from the 1977 film Star Wars) + defense; coined in "Chef Aid", a 1998 episode of South Park.

But at this point John Taylor, at least — and I believe he's not alone — has gone full Chewbacca defense.

2013 July 12, Paul Krugman, “The Monetary Debate: Enter Chewbacca”, The Conscience of a Liberal, in The New York Times:

(law, humorous) Any legal strategy or propaganda strategy that seeks to overwhelm its audience with nonsensical arguments, as a way of confusing the audience and drowning out legitimate opposing arguments.

Chef Aid
Chewbacca
Chewbacca defense
South Park


foreclosure

foreclosure (countable and uncountable, plural foreclosures)

From foreclose by analogy with closure, equivalent to fore- + closure.

(law) The proceeding, by a creditor, to regain property or other collateral following a default on mortgage payments.


forthwith

From Middle English forth-with (“at once, immediately; at the same time, already; straight ahead”) [and other forms], partly from the phrase forth with (something), and partly from forth-with-al, furth-with-al (“at once, immediately; together with”) (whence forthwithal).

inh

Neyther euery thynge, whiche ony maner way is bredde or gendred of man: is forthwith a man (for els lyſe ſholde be called men) But that thynge, whiche is conceyued in the matrice or wombe of a woman, of the very ſubſtaunce of man: [...]

1533, Erasmus of Roterdame, “The Thyrde Instruction”, in William Marshall, transl., A Playne and Godly Exposytion or Declaration of the Commune Crede (which in the Latin Tonge is Called Symbolum Apostolorum): And of the .x. Commaundementes of Goddes Law. […], London: […] Robert Redman, […] [for William Marshall], →OCLC, folio 66, verso:

Let ther be Light, ſaid God, and forthwith Light, / Ethereal, firſt of things, quinteſſence pure, / Sprung from the Deep, [...]

1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 243–245:

Then Proclamation was made, that they that had ought to ſay for their Lord the King againſt the Priſoner at the Bar, ſhould forthwith appear and give in their evidence.

1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 129:

And no doubt the dry'd Dirt, and Slime of which we were ſpeaking, would have imbib'd ſome Portion of the Humidity, the Day before the Nile overflow'd, had it not been kept ſo cloſe: but being once releas'd from that Cuſtody, it forthwith ruſhes into the Embraces of the deſir'd Moiſture, following the natural Propenſity of dry Bodies to wet.

1714, T[itus] Lucretius Carus, “Of the Annual Inundation of the River Nile”, in Thomas Creech, transl., Of the Nature of Things. Translated into English Verse […], volumes II (Containing the Fifth and Sixth Books), London: Printed by John Matthews, for George Sawbridge, […], →OCLC, page 703:

So he decreed, in words succinct, / That all who flirted, leered or winked, / (Unless connubially linked), / Should forthwith be beheaded.

1885, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, “Our Great Mikado, Virtuous Man”, in […] The Mikado; or, The Town of Titipu, London: Chappel & Co., […], →OCLC, Act I, page 5:

The Thunder Child fired no gun, but simply drove full speed towards them. It was probably her not firing that enabled her to get so near the enemy as she did. They did not know what to make of her. One shell, and they would have sent her to the bottom forthwith with the Heat-Ray.

1898, H.G. Wells, “The "Thunder Child."”, in The War of the Worlds, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, retrieved 2022-11-24, page 175:

The task was the harder in that the restored service had not only to start forthwith but also to last for several months pending modifications to the multiple-unit electric stock, and this called for organisation on a semi-permanent basis.

1961 July, “Glasgow emergency – the restoration of Clydeside steam suburban services”, in Trains Illustrated, page 431:

[Hans] Jonas emphasized years ago that the prospect of genetic control, though cloning and other means, "raises ethical questions of a wholly new kind," for which we are profoundly unprepared. [...] Is it defensible in any sense, for instance, to set out forthwith to create "grade A individuals", "kids made to order," whether designed as privileged deciders of policy or merely dumb drones for the duller humdrum chores of life?

1998, Richard M. Zaner, “Surprise! You’re Just Like Me!: Reflections on Cloning, Eugenics, and Other Utopias”, in James M. Humber, Robert F. Almeder, editors, Human Cloning (Biomedical Ethics Reviews), New York, N.Y.: Springer Science+Business Media, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 114:

[W]hen the Board announced in March 1940, that after a certain date in May no Customs staff aged 23 or over would be allowed to join the Armed Forces it made our minds up for us. We were both 23! We forthwith applied for permission to enlist in the RAF.

2010, Martin W. Bowman, “Dam Buster – Dudley Heal”, in Bombs Away!: Dramatic First-hand Accounts of British and Commonwealth Bomber Aircrew in WWII, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Aviation, Pen & Sword Books, →ISBN, page 133:

(chiefly formal, literary, law) Without delay; immediately.

незабавно

without delay — see also immediately, right away


recovery

en-noun

recovery (countable and uncountable, plural recoveries)

recoveries (plural)
recovre (alternative)

From Middle English recoveree, from Old French recovree, from recovrer (“recover”).

(law) A verdict giving somebody the right to recover debts or costs.


parquet

parquets (plural)
parchet (alternative Switzerland)

→ Czech: parketa

→ English: parquet

→ Estonian: parkett

→ Finnish: parketti

→ German: Parkett

→ Hungarian: parketta

→ Italian: parquet

→ Norman: partchet

→ Macedonian: паркет (parket)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: پاركه (parke)
Turkish: parke

→ Portuguese: parquete

→ Romanian: parchet n

→ Russian: парке́т (parkét)

→ Spanish: parquet

→ Walloon: parkèt

M. le procureur général est au parquet.

Le parquet anti-terroriste s’est rapidement saisi de l’affaire.

2017 April 21, Julia Pascual, Elise Vincent, “Paris attaqué à la veille de l’élection présidentielle”, in Le Monde:

(law, with definite article) the prosecution


passing

en-noun

passing (countable and uncountable, plural passings)

→ Japanese: パッシング (passhingu)

But capital was proving difficult to raise; rumours were in the air that the G.W.R. and L.S.W.R. were about to patch up their quarrel, and the people of Southampton, who twelve months earlier had staged a torch-light procession to celebrate the passing of the D.N.S.R. Act, were increasingly loath to part with their cash.

1955 February, T. B. Sands, “The Didcot, Newbury & Southampton Railway—1”, in Railway Magazine, page 79:


finding

From Middle English fyndyng, Old English findincge; equivalent to find + -ing.

(law) A formal conclusion by a judge, jury or regulatory agency on issues of fact.


folio

From Middle English folio (“leaf of a book”), borrowed from Medieval Latin foliō, Late Latin foliō, Latin foliō, the ablative singular form of Late Latin folium (“leaf or sheet of paper”), Latin folium (“leaf of a plant”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“bloom, flower”). Doublet of foil and folium, and distantly related to phyllo and phyllon.
Senses 1, 2, 3.1, 5, and 6 relating to a leaf or page are derived from Medieval Latin foliō in references; sense 5 (“page in an account book”) may be derived from Italian foglio (“rectangular sheet of paper”), from Latin folium. Senses 3.2 and 3.3 relating to a paper size are from Italian in foglio or its etymon Latin in foliō.

der

[page 172] When actions are brought in the Courts of King's Bench or Common Pleas, founded upon original writs issuing out of the Courts of Chancery (which writs, as stated in the Report of the 9th of April 1816, it is the duty of the Cursitors to make out) it has been the practice in certain cases for the Filacers of the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas respectively, to receive from the Suitors the King's fines (if any) and also the fees payable to the Cursitors in respect of such original writs, and afterwards to account to the Cursitors for the fines and fees so received. […] [page 176] The Cursitors have claimed before us a right to compute the skin in all cases, at twenty folios, each folio containing seventy-two words; and to charge 1 s. 4 d. for every folio, instead of the fees now taken per folio or per skin, where the writ in charged in that manner. In support of this claim they have contended, that twenty folios of seventy-two words each, were established by the Order of 1743, as the length of a skin; […] The writ [of Transgress' super Casum], exclusive of the part containing the matter of the declaration, contains less than two folios of seventy-two words each; common counts are stated to contain usually, from two to three folios; special counts are usually longer, and sometimes of a much greater length.

1817 December 20, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, “Second Report of the Commissioners for Examining into the Duties, Salaries and Emoluments, of the Officers, Clerks and Ministers, of the Several Courts of Justice, in England, Wales, and Berwick-upon-Tweed;—as to the Court of Chancery”, in Reports from Committees: Fever; Ireland; Courts of Justice: Session 27 January – 10 June, 1818, volume VII, [London]: [s.n.], published 6 April 1818, →OCLC, pages 172 and 176:

If the office copy of a Will or any part of a Will or other document is required to be made fac-simile, and such Will or part of a Will or other document is two folios of ninety words in length or under, in addition to the fee for the copy … … … … [£]0 1[s.] 0[d.] / If exceeding two folios of ninety words, for every additional folio or part of a folio … … [£]0 0[s.] 6[d.]

1862, George Henry Cooper (reporter), Alexander Staveley Hill (reporter), “Fees to be Taken in the Principal Registry of the Court of Probate in Non-contentious Business”, in The Law Journal Reports for the Year 1862: Cases in the Court of Probate, in the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, and in the High Court of Admiralty (New Series; XXXI), volume XL, part IV, London: Printed by James Holmes, 4, Took's Court, Chancery Lane; published by Edward Bret Ince, 5, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, →OCLC, page 64:

(law, dated) A leaf containing a certain number of words; hence, a certain number of words in a piece of writing, as in England, in law proceedings 72, and in chancery, 90; in New York, 100 words.

arkki

leaf containing a certain number of words; certain number of words in a piece of writing


verbal assault

If a pupil enrolled in grade six or above committed a verbal assault at school against school personnel, described above, and the assault were reported to the school board by the victim, the school board or its designee would be required, after affording the required due process, to suspend the pupil from the school district for 10 days. […]

1998, Michigan Senate Fiscal Agency, S.B. 313 (S-1), First Analysis: Student Expulsion for Assault, page 2:

The only evidence of a verbal assault is the one Mr. Comstock and Mr. Solomon made on me. They made their threatening and intimidating statement to me after I complied with directions Judge Jeff B. Clark gave during the September 17,2007 hearing.

2008, Victoria Laney, testimony to the Florida House Committee on Condominiums & Homeowners Association Governance http://www.myfloridahouse.gov/sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?PublicationType=Committees&CommitteeId=2436&Session=2008&DocumentType=Action%20Packets&FileName=Condo_%20Action_02_16_08%20%28OCR%29%20%20%20.pdf

Any student in grades six or above who commits a verbal assault against any school employee, volunteer, or contractor will be suspended or expelled. […]

2009, Laingsburg Elementary School, Student Handbook 2009-2010, page 14:

(US, law) Oral or written speech that creates, or is intended to create, a fear of physical harm.

口頭攻擊 /口头攻击

oral or written speech that creates a fear of physical harm


contemn

en-verb

contemn (third-person singular simple present contemns, present participle contemning, simple past and past participle contemned)

contemns (present singular third-person)
contemning (participle present)
contemned (participle past)
contemned (past)

From Middle English contempnen, from Old French contemner, from Latin contemnere (“to scorn”). See also contempt.

(law) To commit an offence of contempt, such as contempt of court; to unlawfully flout (e.g. a ruling).


court of last resort

en-noun

court of last resort (plural courts of last resort)

(law) The final court of appeal in a jurisdiction; a supreme court.


sidebar

(US, law) A short conference, between a judge and the attorneys of a case, held outside the hearing of the jury and the spectators at the court.

(US, law) The place in the courtroom where such a conference happens.


civil procedure

(law) A body of rules that regulate the administration of civil trials and appeals.


perempt

en-verb

perempt (third-person singular simple present perempts, present participle perempting, simple past and past participle perempted)

perempts (present singular third-person)
perempting (participle present)
perempted (participle past)
perempted (past)

Borrowed from Latin peremptum, past participle of perimere.


novation

en-noun

novation (countable and uncountable, plural novations)

Borrowed from Latin novātiō (“a renewing, rennovation”), from novō, from novus (“new”). Compare novel, novelty.

bor

1998, London Clearing House, submission to the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission http://www.cftc.gov/opa/press98/opa4163-98-att.htm
Netting by novation will occur immediately upon registration of the transaction in the SCM's name.

A similar novation of infrastructure ownership was seen as a logical development for the operation of Merseyrail services. But this has remained with Network Rail, […].

2024 September 18, 'Industry Insider', “GBR starts to take form”, in RAIL, number 1018, page 84:

(law) Replacement of a contract with one or more new contracts, in particular in financial markets the replacement of a contract between a particular buyer and seller with contracts between the clearing house and each party.

An example of a novation is where an original debt which was payable in two instalments is novated to become payable in five installments.

(law) A new contract between the original contracting parties whereby the first obligation is extinguished and a new obligation is substituted.


hit and run

en-noun

hit and run (countable and uncountable, plural hit and runs)

hit and runs (plural)
hit-and-run (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hit and run.wav

But why don't you grab your old lady by the feet / And just lay her out in the darkest street / And by morning, she's just another hit and run

1978, Lou Reed, “Street Hassle”, in Street Hassle:

(law) The crime of causing a traffic collision, and leaving without acknowledging responsibility.

肇事逃逸

the crime of causing an accident and leaving

bégstvo vodítelja s mésta doróžnovo proisšéstvija

бе́гство води́теля с ме́ста доро́жного происше́ствия


bastante

/bɐʃˈtɐ̃.tɨ/

(Brazil, chiefly law) meeting requirements


duruşma

head

duruşma (definite accusative duruşmayı, plural duruşmalar)

duruşmayı (accusative definite)
duruşmalar (plural)
duruşma (nominative singular)
duruşmalar (nominative plural)
duruşmayı (accusative definite singular)
duruşmaları (accusative definite plural)
duruşmaya (dative singular)
duruşmalara (dative plural)
duruşmada (locative singular)
duruşmalarda (locative plural)
duruşmadan (ablative singular)
duruşmalardan (ablative plural)
duruşmanın (genitive singular)
duruşmaların (genitive plural)
duruşmam (first-person nominative singular)
duruşmalarım (first-person nominative singular)
duruşman (nominative second-person singular)
duruşmaların (nominative second-person singular)
duruşması (nominative singular third-person)
duruşmaları (nominative singular third-person)
duruşmamız (first-person nominative plural)
duruşmalarımız (first-person nominative plural)
duruşmanız (nominative plural second-person)
duruşmalarınız (nominative plural second-person)
duruşmaları (nominative plural third-person)
duruşmamı (accusative definite first-person singular)
duruşmalarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
duruşmanı (accusative definite second-person singular)
duruşmalarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
duruşmasını (accusative definite singular third-person)
duruşmalarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
duruşmamızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
duruşmalarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
duruşmanızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
duruşmalarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
duruşmalarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
duruşmama (dative first-person singular)
duruşmalarıma (dative first-person singular)
duruşmana (dative second-person singular)
duruşmalarına (dative second-person singular)
duruşmasına (dative singular third-person)
duruşmalarına (dative singular third-person)
duruşmamıza (dative first-person plural)
duruşmalarımıza (dative first-person plural)
duruşmanıza (dative plural second-person)
duruşmalarınıza (dative plural second-person)
duruşmalarına (dative plural third-person)
duruşmamda (first-person locative singular)
duruşmalarımda (first-person locative singular)
duruşmanda (locative second-person singular)
duruşmalarında (locative second-person singular)
duruşmasında (locative singular third-person)
duruşmalarında (locative singular third-person)
duruşmamızda (first-person locative plural)
duruşmalarımızda (first-person locative plural)
duruşmanızda (locative plural second-person)
duruşmalarınızda (locative plural second-person)
duruşmalarında (locative plural third-person)
duruşmamdan (ablative first-person singular)
duruşmalarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
duruşmandan (ablative second-person singular)
duruşmalarından (ablative second-person singular)
duruşmasından (ablative singular third-person)
duruşmalarından (ablative singular third-person)
duruşmamızdan (ablative first-person plural)
duruşmalarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
duruşmanızdan (ablative plural second-person)
duruşmalarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
duruşmalarından (ablative plural third-person)
duruşmamın (first-person genitive singular)
duruşmalarımın (first-person genitive singular)
duruşmanın (genitive second-person singular)
duruşmalarının (genitive second-person singular)
duruşmasının (genitive singular third-person)
duruşmalarının (genitive singular third-person)
duruşmamızın (first-person genitive plural)
duruşmalarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
duruşmanızın (genitive plural second-person)
duruşmalarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
duruşmalarının (genitive plural third-person)

From dur- (“to stop, to stand still”) + -uş (reciprocal suffix) + -ma (verbal noun suffix).

af

durmak<alt:dur-><gloss:to stop, to stand still>

(law) The stage of a trial when both parties are present before a judge; a hearing.


precarious

en-adj

precarious (comparative more precarious, superlative most precarious)

more precarious (comparative)
most precarious (superlative)

From Latin precārius (“begged for, obtained by entreaty”), from prex, precis (“prayer”). Compare French précaire, Portuguese precário, and Spanish and Italian precario.

uder

/pɹɪˈkɛəɹi.əs/

(law) Depending on the intention of another.

precair

(law) depending on the intention of another


clemency

en-noun

clemency (countable and uncountable, plural clemencies)

From Middle English clemency, clemencie, from Latin clēmentia.
Gradually eclipsed Middle English clemence, from Old French clemence, from the same Latin origin.

смекчаване

moderation of the severity of a punishment

Judicial intervention might, for example, be warranted in the face of a scheme whereby a state official flipped a coin to determine whether to grant clemency, or in a case where the State arbitrarily denied a prisoner any access to its clemency process.

2000, Sandra Day O'Connor, Supreme Court of the United States, edited by Frank D. Wagner, Ohio Adult Parole Authority v. Woodard, 523 U.S. 272 (1998) (United States Reports; 523) (judicial opinion), Washington: United States Government Printing Office, →ISBN, Opinion of O'Connor, J., page 289:

(law) A pardon, commutation, or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties by an executive officer of a state.

rangaistuksen lievennys

legal: pardon, commutation or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties


sumptuary

en-adj

sumptuary (comparative more sumptuary, superlative most sumptuary)

more sumptuary (comparative)
most sumptuary (superlative)

/-t͡ʃəˌwɛɹi/

From Latin sūmptuārius (“of or relating to expenditure, sumptuary; person in charge of household expenses”) + English -ary (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Sūmptuārius is derived from sūmptus (“charge, cost, expense”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives); and sūmptus from sūmō (“to catch, seize, take; to acquire, get, obtain; to apply, employ, use; to consume, spend”) (from sub- (prefix meaning ‘below, beneath, under’) + emō (“to acquire, procure; to buy, purchase”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to distribute; to take”))) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs).
Cognates
* Middle French sumptuaire (modern French somptuaire)
* Italian sontuario
* Portuguese suntuário
* Spanish suntuario

der

Some vvill vvonder, that Empſon and Dudley (the Royal Promoters then in prime) did not catch him [Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden] by the Collar, or pick an hole in his Govvn, upon the breach of ſome ruſty ſumptuary Statute; the rather, becauſe lately the Earl of Oxford vvas heavily fined for ſupernumerous attendance.

a. 1662 (date written), Thomas Fuller, “Northampton-shire”, in The History of the Worthies of England, London: […] J[ohn] G[rismond,] W[illiam] L[eybourne] and W[illiam] G[odbid], published 1662, →OCLC, page 298:

When Sunday came, it was indeed a day of finery, which all my ſumptuary edicts could not reſtrain. How well ſo ever I fancied my lectures againſt pride had conquered the vanity of my daughters; yet I ſtill found them ſecretly attached to all their former finery: […]

1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], “A Proof that Even the Humblest Fortune may Grant Happiness and Delight, which Depend Not on Circumstance, but Constitution”, in The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume I, Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 37:

Out upon the folly of modern liberty, which has abolished sumptuary laws, and left us to all the horrors of our own inventions! Liberty of conscience is bad enough—the liberty of the press is still worse—but worst of all is liberty of taste in dress to common people.

1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIV, in Romance and Reality. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 123:

Apparently, Henry VII visited the city [Bristol] in 1487, "taking care to entail a sumptuary fine on the citizens because their wives dressed too gaudily".

2023 January 11, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: castles and cathedrals”, in RAIL, number 974, page 55:

Chiefly in sumptuary law: of a law, regulation, etc.: intended to limit or restrain the expenditure of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, etc., or to forbid the use of certain articles (especially luxurious ones), to regulate the prices of commodities and the wages of labour, or to reinforce morals or social hierarchies.

sumptuari

(by extension) Of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations.

sumptuari

of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations


Anton Piller order

en-noun

Anton Piller order (plural Anton Piller orders)

Named after the 1976 British case of Anton Piller KG v Manufacturing Processes Limited, a leading case on the issuance of such orders (Anton Piller KG, the plaintiff and party requesting the order, was a German manufacturing firm).

(law) A court order allowing a plaintiff to go to someone's premises and seize documents (entry must be with that person's permission, but if refused would be a contempt of court). Used in extreme cases when a prospective defendant might destroy documents, especially computer files, if they knew a court case was coming.


no liability

It was originally estimated that the mill of the Kingsgate Molybdenite No Liability, Kingsgate, NSW, would have been completed by the end of March,[…].

1918, Australian Mining, volume 11, page 210:

The use of no-liability companies is restricted to companies whose sole objective is mining, as designated by the Corporations Law. However, it is not necessary for a mining company to be a no-liability company.

1993, Doing business in Australia, Price: Waterhouse & Co, Part 66, page 65:

A company may be registered as a no liability company only if:
(a) the company has a share capital; and
(b) the company′s constitution states that its sole objects are mining purposes; and
(c) the company has no contractual right under its constitution to recover calls made on its shares from a shareholder who fails to pay them.

2011, Australian Corporations & Securities Legislation 2011: Corporations Act 2001, page 183:

(Australia, business, law) A form of limited liability that may be used by mining companies, under which the shareholders may pay a company debt by surrendering shares in lieu of money.


perpetuate

en-verb

perpetuate (third-person singular simple present perpetuates, present participle perpetuating, simple past and past participle perpetuated)

perpetuates (present singular third-person)
perpetuating (participle present)
perpetuated (participle past)
perpetuated (past)
perpetuate (infinitive)
perpetuate (first-person present singular)
perpetuated (first-person past singular)
perpetuate (present second-person singular)
perpetuatest (archaic present second-person singular)
perpetuated (past second-person singular)
perpetuatedst (archaic past second-person singular)
perpetuates (present singular third-person)
perpetuateth (archaic present singular third-person)
perpetuated (past singular third-person)
perpetuate (plural present)
perpetuated (past plural)
perpetuate (present subjunctive)
perpetuated (past subjunctive)
perpetuate (imperative present)
perpetuating (participle present)
perpetuated (participle past)

(16th century) From earlier perpetuat, learned borrowing from Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”), perfect passive participle of perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix), from per- (“thoroughly, very”) + petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”) + -uus (forms adjectives from verbal stems), literally “that is asked with great zeal, over and over again”, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”).
Cognates
* Catalan perpetuar
* Italian perpetuare
* Old French perpetué (adjective) (Middle French perpetué (adjective)); Middle French perpétuer (verb) (modern French perpétuer (verb))
* Old Occitan perpetuar
* Portuguese perpetuar
* Spanish perpetuar

der

/pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊeɪt/

/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/

使……永存

If vvitneſſes to a diſputable fact are old and infirm, it is very uſual to file a bill to perpetuate the teſtimony of thoſe vvitneſſes, although no ſuit is depending; for, it may be, a man's antagoniſt only vvaits for the death of ſome of them to begin his ſuit. This is moſt frequent vvhen lands are deviſed by vvill avvay from the heir at lavv; and the deviſee, in order to perpetuate the teſtimony of the vvitneſſes to ſuch vvill, exhibits a bill in chancery againſt the heir, […]

1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 450:

It appears to me that this bill makes out no case for perpetuating testimony. Although it was true that the validity of the will could not, by reason of the lease, be immediately tried with the devises in trust, yet it may be immediately tried by an action for rent against the tenant. Testimony can be perpetuated only where by no means the Plaintiff can presently assert his title to the property.

1822 December 17, John Leach, Vice-Chancellor, “Dew v. Clarke”, in The English Reports, volume LVII (Vice-Chancellor’s Court, volume II), Edinburgh: William Green & Sons; London: Stevens & Sons, published October 1905, →OCLC, page 46:

(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.

(law) To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before a matter comes to trial.


bucket shop

bucket shops (plural)
bucketshop (alternative)

(law) A legal services firm selling heavily discounted legal services and documents made in large volume from boilerplate text and clauses, sometimes as a white labelled loss leader.


inducement

en-noun

inducement (countable and uncountable, plural inducements)

(law) An introductory statement of facts or background information.


corporate veil

(law) The principle of a corporation being a separate legal person from its members (ie. shareholders).


articolo

it:Glossario botanico#A
it:articolo (giornalismo)
it:articolo (legge)
it:articolo (linguistica)

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin articulus, derived from artus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tús. Compare also the doublet artiglio.


raffle

From Middle English rafle, from Old French rafle, raffle (“dice game", also "plundering”), from rafler (“to snatch, seize, carry off”), from Frankish *raffolōn, from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną, *hrēpōną (“to scratch, touch, pluck out, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb(h)-, *(s)kerb(h)- (“to turn, bend, shrink”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Middle Dutch raffel (“dice game”), German raffen (“to snatch away, sweep off”), Old English hreppan (“to touch, treat, attack”).

cog

(Philippines, law) The system by which cases are assigned to judges in multi-sala courts.


supplies

(chiefly law) Financial resources supplied, often for a particular purpose.


summons

→ Bengali: সমন (śomon)

→ Cebuano: sumon

→ Malay: saman

→ English: saman

→ English: summon

From Middle English somouns (“order or command to do something”), borrowed from Old French sumunce (modern French semonce), from Vulgar Latin *summonsa, a noun use of the feminine past participle of summoneō, summonēre (“to summon”).

inh

Four summonses were brought recently on behalf of St. Pancras Borough Council against the British Transport Commission in respect of the emission of smoke by locomotives standing at Camden Motive Power Depot. (The summonses were dismissed)

1955 December, “Emission of Smoke by Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 812:

(law) A notice summoning someone to appear in court, as a defendant, juror or witness.


limited partnership

en-noun

limited partnership (plural limited partnerships)

(law) A form of partnership including limited partners whose potential liability is limited to their investment.


low bono

(US, law) Of legal work: offered at a discounted rate, especially to underrepresented communities.


mopery

From mope + -ery, from mope (“to wander aimlessly”).

(law, US) An imaginary or trivial legal offense.


third party

third parties (plural)
3rd party (alternative)
3d party (alternative)

(law) Someone only incidentally or tangentially connected to an incident or dispute; someone other than the principals; a bystander or independent witness.