certo

la-verb

certō (present infinitive certāre, perfect active certāvī, supine certātum); first conjugation

certō (canonical)
certāre (infinitive present)
certāvī (active perfect)
certātum (supine)
certō (active first-person indicative present singular)
certās (active indicative present second-person singular)
certat (active indicative present singular third-person)
certāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
certātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
certant (active indicative plural present third-person)
certābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
certābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
certābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
certābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
certābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
certābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
certābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
certābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
certābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
certābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
certābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
certābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
certāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
certāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
certāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
certāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
certāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
certāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
certāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
certāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
certāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
certāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
certārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
certāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
certāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
certāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
certāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
certārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
certāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
certārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
certāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
certārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
certāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
certārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
certāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
certārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
certāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
certārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
certāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
certāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
certāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
certārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
certāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
certārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
certāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
certāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
certāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
certārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
certor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
certāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
certāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
certātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
certāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
certāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
certantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
certābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
certābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
certābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
certābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
certābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
certābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
certābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
certābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
certāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
certābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
certābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
certābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
certābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
certābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
certem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
certēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
certet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
certēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
certētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
certent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
certārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
certārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
certāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
certārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
certārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
certārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
certāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
certārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
certāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
certārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
certāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
certārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
certāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
certārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
certāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
certārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
certāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
certārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
certāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
certāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
certāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
certāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
certāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
certāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
certāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
certāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
certāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
certāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
certāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
certāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
certer (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
certēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
certēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
certētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
certēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
certēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
certentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
certārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
certārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
certārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
certārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
certārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
certārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
certārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
certā (active imperative present second-person singular)
certāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
certātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
certātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
certātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
certantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
certāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
certāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
certātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
certātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
certantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
certāre (active infinitive present)
certārī (infinitive passive present)
certārier (infinitive passive present)
certāns (active participle present)
certātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
certātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
certātūrus (active future participle)
certandus (future participle passive)
certāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
certāsse (active infinitive perfect)
certātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
certātus (participle passive perfect)
certātum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
certātūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
certandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
certandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
certandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
certandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
certātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
certātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
certor (alternative)

Albanian: qërtoj

Aromanian: ntsertu, ntsirtari

Italian: certare

Portuguese: certar

Romanian: certa, certare

Sardinian: chertare, certari, certai


syllabus

Borrowed from Medieval Latin syllabus (“list”), which arose as a misprint, its accusative plural syllabos appearing in place of sittybas in a 1470s edition of Cicero's “Ad Atticum” IV.5 and 8. The corrupt form was influenced by the stem of Ancient Greek συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō, “put together”), the source of σῠλλᾰβή (sŭllăbḗ, “syllable”); the true etymon is σιττύβα (sittúba, “parchment label, table of contents”) [or σιττύβας (sittúbas)] of unknown origin.

der

(law) The headnote of a reported case; the brief statement of the points of law determined prefixed to a reported case.


disorderly

en-adj

disorderly (comparative more disorderly, superlative most disorderly)

more disorderly (comparative)
most disorderly (superlative)

From disorder + -ly or from dis- + orderly.

a disorderly house

(law) Offensive to good morals and public decency.


infancy

en-noun

infancy (countable and uncountable, plural infancies)

From Middle English infancie, from Latin īnfantia (“infancy, early childhood; childishness”), equivalent to infant + -cy.


projeto

projetos (plural)
projecto (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin prōiectus (“projected”), perfect passive participle of prōiciō (“to throw forth, to extend; to expel”).

lbor

(law) draft (early version of a written work) of a law


infraction

/ɪnˈfɹækʃən/

From Middle French infraction, from Latin infractio, from infractum, past participle of infringere, from in (“in”) + frangere (“to break”).

Even stealing a pack of gum is an infraction in the eyes of the law.

Pretending a litterbug and a spree killer have committed equivalent infractions doesn’t make people safer.

2021 January 8, Nicole Hemmer, “The striking parallels between the assaults on Charlottesville and the Capitol”, in CNN:


res nullius

From Latin rēs nūllīus (“nobody's thing”).

(law) Something that has no owner and is not subject to the jurisdiction of any state, but is susceptible to national appropriation.


connaître

connaître (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
connaissant (gerund participle present)
connaissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
connu (participle past)
connais (first-person indicative present singular)
connais (indicative present second-person singular)
connaît (indicative present singular third-person)
connaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
connaissons (first-person indicative plural present)
connaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
connaissez (indicative plural present second-person)
connaissent (indicative plural present third-person)
connaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
connaissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
connaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
connaissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
connaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
connaissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
connaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
connaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
connaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
connaissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
connaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
connaissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
connus (first-person historic indicative past singular)
connus (historic indicative past second-person singular)
connut (historic indicative past singular third-person)
connûmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
connûtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
connurent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
connaîtrai (first-person future indicative singular)
connaîtrai (first-person future indicative singular)
connaîtras (future indicative second-person singular)
connaîtras (future indicative second-person singular)
connaîtra (future indicative singular third-person)
connaîtra (future indicative singular third-person)
connaîtrons (first-person future indicative plural)
connaîtrons (first-person future indicative plural)
connaîtrez (future indicative plural second-person)
connaîtrez (future indicative plural second-person)
connaîtront (future indicative plural third-person)
connaîtront (future indicative plural third-person)
connaîtrais (conditional first-person singular)
connaîtrais (conditional first-person singular)
connaîtrais (conditional second-person singular)
connaîtrais (conditional second-person singular)
connaîtrait (conditional singular third-person)
connaîtrait (conditional singular third-person)
connaîtrions (conditional first-person plural)
connaîtrions (conditional first-person plural)
connaîtriez (conditional plural second-person)
connaîtriez (conditional plural second-person)
connaîtraient (conditional plural third-person)
connaîtraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
connaisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
connaisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
connaisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
connaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
connaissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
connaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
connaissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
connaissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
connusse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
connusses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
connût (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
connussions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
connussiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
connussent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
connais (imperative second-person singular)
connaissons (first-person imperative plural)
connaissons (first-person imperative plural)
connaissez (imperative plural second-person)
connaissez (imperative plural second-person)
se connaître (infinitive reflexive)
s'être + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction reflexive)
se connaissant (gerund participle present reflexive)
se connaissant (gerund participle present reflexive)
ayant (gerund multiword-construction participle present reflexive)
étant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present reflexive)
connu (participle past reflexive)
me connais (first-person indicative present reflexive singular)
te connais (indicative present reflexive second-person singular)
se connaît (indicative present reflexive singular third-person)
nous connaissons (first-person indicative plural present reflexive)
nous connaissons (first-person indicative plural present reflexive)
vous connaissez (indicative plural present reflexive second-person)
vous connaissez (indicative plural present reflexive second-person)
se connaissent (indicative plural present reflexive third-person)
me connaissais (first-person imperfect indicative reflexive singular)
me connaissais (first-person imperfect indicative reflexive singular)
te connaissais (imperfect indicative reflexive second-person singular)
te connaissais (imperfect indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se connaissait (imperfect indicative reflexive singular third-person)
se connaissait (imperfect indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous connaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural reflexive)
nous connaissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural reflexive)
vous connaissiez (imperfect indicative plural reflexive second-person)
vous connaissiez (imperfect indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se connaissaient (imperfect indicative plural reflexive third-person)
se connaissaient (imperfect indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me connus (first-person historic indicative past reflexive singular)
te connus (historic indicative past reflexive second-person singular)
se connut (historic indicative past reflexive singular third-person)
nous connûmes (first-person historic indicative past plural reflexive)
vous connûtes (historic indicative past plural reflexive second-person)
se connurent (historic indicative past plural reflexive third-person)
me connaîtrai (first-person future indicative reflexive singular)
me connaîtrai (first-person future indicative reflexive singular)
te connaîtras (future indicative reflexive second-person singular)
te connaîtras (future indicative reflexive second-person singular)
se connaîtra (future indicative reflexive singular third-person)
se connaîtra (future indicative reflexive singular third-person)
nous connaîtrons (first-person future indicative plural reflexive)
nous connaîtrons (first-person future indicative plural reflexive)
vous connaîtrez (future indicative plural reflexive second-person)
vous connaîtrez (future indicative plural reflexive second-person)
se connaîtront (future indicative plural reflexive third-person)
se connaîtront (future indicative plural reflexive third-person)
me connaîtrais (conditional first-person reflexive singular)
me connaîtrais (conditional first-person reflexive singular)
te connaîtrais (conditional reflexive second-person singular)
te connaîtrais (conditional reflexive second-person singular)
se connaîtrait (conditional reflexive singular third-person)
se connaîtrait (conditional reflexive singular third-person)
nous connaîtrions (conditional first-person plural reflexive)
nous connaîtrions (conditional first-person plural reflexive)
vous connaîtriez (conditional plural reflexive second-person)
vous connaîtriez (conditional plural reflexive second-person)
se connaîtraient (conditional plural reflexive third-person)
se connaîtraient (conditional plural reflexive third-person)
future of s'être + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
conditional of s'être + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect reflexive)
me connaisse (first-person present reflexive singular subjunctive)
te connaisses (present reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se connaisse (present reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous connaissions (first-person plural present reflexive subjunctive)
nous connaissions (first-person plural present reflexive subjunctive)
vous connaissiez (plural present reflexive second-person subjunctive)
vous connaissiez (plural present reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se connaissent (plural present reflexive subjunctive third-person)
me connusse (first-person imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive)
te connusses (imperfect reflexive second-person singular subjunctive)
se connût (imperfect reflexive singular subjunctive third-person)
nous connussions (first-person imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive)
vous connussiez (imperfect plural reflexive second-person subjunctive)
se connussent (imperfect plural reflexive subjunctive third-person)
connais-toi (imperative reflexive second-person singular)
connaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural reflexive)
connaissons-nous (first-person imperative plural reflexive)
connaissez-vous (imperative plural reflexive second-person)
connaissez-vous (imperative plural reflexive second-person)
connaitre (alternative)
connoître (alternative obsolete)

Inherited from Old French conoistre, from Late Latin conōscere, from Latin cognōscere. One of few examples where ⟨oi⟩ had been turned into ⟨ai⟩ /ɛ/ instead of /wa/ (alongside adjectival -ais and imperfect tense endings).

Après la levée de l'état de siège, les tribunaux militaires continuent de connaître des crimes et délits dont la poursuite leur avait été déférée.

1849 August 9, “Loi du 9 août 1849 sur l'état de siège [Law of 9 August 1849 on State of Siege]”, in Légifrance, published 2004-12-21:

After the lifting of the state of siege, the military tribunals continue to address crimes and offences whose prosecution has been submitted to them.

(law, somewhat archaic) to hear or examine judicially; to judge or decide judicially


overturn

en-verb

overturn (third-person singular simple present overturns, present participle overturning, simple past and past participle overturned)

overturns (present singular third-person)
overturning (participle present)
overturned (participle past)
overturned (past)

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɜː(ɹ)n/

/ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌtɜː(ɹ)n/

From Middle English overturnen, equivalent to over- + turn. Compare also Middle English overterven (“to overturn”), see terve.

cog

In a report for the Sun on Sunday, Barak claimed that Andrew is consulting lawyers about overturning that settlement.

2023 January 22, Matthew Weaver, “Ghislaine Maxwell calls Prince Andrew photo with Virginia Giuffre ‘a fake’”, in The Guardian:

Harvey was rightfully convicted. It’s unfortunate that the court has overturned his conviction. As a survivor, I am beyond disappointed.

2024 April 27, Maya Yang, quoting Rosanna Arquette, “Disgraced former Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein hospitalized”, in The Observer, →ISSN:

(law, transitive) To reverse (a decision); to overrule or rescind.


exception

en-noun

exception (countable and uncountable, plural exceptions)

From Middle English exception, excepcioun, from Anglo-Norman excepcioun, from Old French excepcion, from Latin exceptiō.

përjashtim

that which is excepted or taken out from others

(law) An objection, on legal grounds; also, as in conveyancing, a clause by which the grantor excepts or reserves something before the right is transferred.


settlement

settlement (countable and uncountable, plural settlements)

(law) A disposition of property, or the act of granting it.

(law) A settled place of abode; residence; a right growing out of legal residence.

The family of a^([sic]) Ohio teenager who was crushed to death by the seat of a minivan after emergency responders failed to find him in time has been awarded a $6million settlement […] As part of the settlement, the city has pledged to improve its 911 call centre […]

2021 April 11, A. Hutton, “Kyle Plush: $6million settlement for family of Ohio teen who was crushed to death in 2018”, in The Independent:

(law) A mutual agreement to end a dispute without resorting to legal proceedings, also known as an out-of-court settlement or settling out of court.


litigant

From French litigant, from Middle French, from Latin litigans.

(law) A party suing or being sued in a lawsuit, or otherwise calling upon the judicial process to determine the outcome of a suit.

訴訟當事人 /诉讼当事人

a party suing or being sued in a lawsuit


litigant

Unadapted borrowing from French litigant.

ubor

(law) litigant: a party suing or being sued in a lawsuit, or otherwise calling upon the judicial process to determine the outcome of a suit


éisteacht

head

éisteacht f (genitive singular éisteachta, nominative plural éisteachtaí)

éisteachta (genitive singular)
éisteachtaí (nominative plural)
éisteacht (indefinite nominative singular)
éisteachtaí (indefinite nominative plural)
a éisteacht (indefinite singular vocative)
a éisteachtaí (indefinite plural vocative)
éisteachta (genitive indefinite singular)
éisteachtaí (genitive indefinite plural)
éisteacht (dative indefinite singular)
éisteachtaí (dative indefinite plural)
an éisteacht (definite nominative singular)
na héisteachtaí (definite nominative plural)
na héisteachta (definite genitive singular)
na n-éisteachtaí (definite genitive plural)
leis an éisteacht (dative definite singular)
don éisteacht (dative definite singular)
leis na héisteachtaí (dative definite plural)
éisteacht
n-éisteacht
héisteacht
éisteach (alternative)
éisteachán (alternative)
éisdeach (alternative obsolete)
éisdeachd (alternative obsolete)
éisdeacht (alternative obsolete)
éisdiocht (alternative obsolete)
éisteachd (alternative obsolete)
éistiocht (alternative obsolete)

/ˈeːʃtʲəxt̪ˠ/

/ˈeʃtʲəxt̪ˠ/

From Old Irish étsecht, éstecht (“hearing”), verbal noun of in·túaisi (“to listen”).


impunity

en-noun

impunity (countable and uncountable, plural impunities)

From Middle French impunité, from Latin impunitas, from impunis (“without punishment”).

(countable, law) Exemption from punishment.


jurat

From Medieval Latin iūrātus (“sworn [man]”) or iūrātum (“[that which is] sworn”), from Latin iūrō (“I swear an oath”). As a medieval office, via French jurat, via Occitan juré.

The affidavit's jurat reads "Sworn this __ day of ________, 20__, before me" and is followed by the notary's signature. Looks like she forgot to fill it in.

(law) A sworn statement concerning where, when, and before whom an oath has been made.

(law, obsolete) A sworn person, particularly:

(law, historical) A medieval informant: a man sworn to provide information about crimes committed in his neighborhood.

A councilman or alderman of the Cinque Ports.

Guernsey and Jersey have twelve jurats each, and Alderney six.

The Jurat came of a good old Guernsey family which, in the Middle Ages, always had the sense to fight on the side paid best [...].

1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 179:

A magistrate of Channel Islands, serving for life, who forms part of the islands' royal court.

(historical) A municipal officer of Bordeaux and certain other French towns.

(historical, in French contexts) A member of any association sworn to do nothing against its internal rules.


certify

en-verb

certify (third-person singular simple present certifies, present participle certifying, simple past and past participle certified)

certifies (present singular third-person)
certifying (participle present)
certified (participle past)
certified (past)

From Old French certefier (“confirm, assure, make certain”). Compare French certifier.

uder

(transitive, law) To authenticate or verify in writing.


witness

en-noun

witness (countable and uncountable, plural witnesses)

witnesses (plural)
witnesse (alternative obsolete)
witneße (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English witnesse, from Old English ġewitnes, equivalent to wit + -ness. Cognate with Middle Dutch wetenisse (“witness, testimony”), Old High German gewiznessi (“testimony”), Icelandic vitni (“witness”).

cog

The witness for the prosecution did not seem very credible.

From the evidence of witnesses and of the recorded passing times, including the time at which the circuit breakers were tripped when the wires were brought down, the train was travelling at a speed of not less than 70 m.p.h.

1961 November, “Talking of Trains: Derailment near Holmes Chapel”, in Trains Illustrated, page 652:

(countable, law) Someone called to give evidence in a court.

getuie

someone called to give evidence in a court

понята́я

someone who is present at and signs the report of a police search


nullius filius

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nullius filius (“nobody's son”), from Latin nullius + filius.

bor

A bastard is considered nullius filius as far as regards his right inherit. But the rule of nullius filius does not apply in other respects

1856, Bouvier Law Dictionary, 6th edition:


straff

straff (indefinite nominative singular)
straffs (genitive indefinite singular)
straffet (definite nominative singular)
straffets (definite genitive singular)
straff (indefinite nominative plural)
straffs (genitive indefinite plural)
straffen (definite nominative plural)
straffens (definite genitive plural)

From Middle Low German straffen, from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”).
Compare with German Strafe. Etymologies 2, 3, and 4 below are all clippings of compounds from Etymology 1.


grounds

grounds for divorce

(law) Basis or justification for something.


successor

ca-adj

successor (feminine successora, masculine plural successors, feminine plural successores)

successora (feminine)
successors (masculine plural)
successores (feminine plural)


memorial

From Late Latin memoriale, neuter of memorialis. By surface analysis, memory + -ial.

Captain Surman […] immediately addressed a memorial to the governor, stating that an act of Providence had sent him into port for the preservation of the lives of those on board; he therefore trusted he should be allowed to refit and depart.

1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, page 178:

(law) A statement of facts set out in the form of a petition to a person in authority, a court or tribunal, a government, etc.


antimiscegenation

antimiscegenation laws

(US, law) Against mixing or blending; especially, against the mixing or blending of races in marriage or breeding.

antimiscigenação

against mixing or blending; especially, against the mixing or blending of races in marriage or breeding


erstwhile

“Scarcely had Alice reached her twentieth birthday, than she gave her erstwhile fiancée^([sic]) his formal congé.[…]”

1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Disappearance of Count Collini”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:

As an aftermath of the erstwhile competition between companies, 41 goods depots served the Liverpool and Birkenhead docks in 1923.

1964 November, P. F. Winding, “Re-shaping the LMR's North Western Line - 2”, in Modern Railways, page 343:

Other erstwhile stalwarts are also wavering. Southampton had two of the best full-backs in the league last season but Ryan Bertrand has been below par this season and Cédric Soares made an uncharacteristic lapse that led to Stoke’s winning goal in Southampton’s last outing.

2017 October 14, Paul Doyle, “Mauricio Pellegrino yet to find attacking solution for stuttering Southampton”, in the Guardian:

(literary, law or India) Former, previous.


fanacht

fanachta (genitive singular)
fanacht (indefinite nominative singular)
a fhanacht (indefinite singular vocative)
fanachta (genitive indefinite singular)
fanacht (dative indefinite singular)
an fanacht (definite nominative singular)
an fhanachta (definite genitive singular)
leis an bhfanacht (dative definite singular)
don fhanacht (dative definite singular)
fanacht
fhanacht
bhfanacht

/fˠəˈn̪ˠɑxt̪ˠ/

/ˈfˠɑnəxt̪ˠ/

/ˈfˠan̪ˠəxt̪ˠ/


endorse

en-verb

endorse (third-person singular simple present endorses, present participle endorsing, simple past and past participle endorsed)

endorses (present singular third-person)
endorsing (participle present)
endorsed (participle past)
endorsed (past)
indorse (alternative rare)
endoce (alternative obsolete)

Alteration influenced by Medieval Latin indorsare of Middle English endosse, from Old French endosser (“to put on the back”), from Latin dossum, alternative form of dorsum (“back”), from which also dorsal (“of the back”). That is, the ‘r’ was dropped in Latin dossum, which developed into Old French and then Middle English endosse, and then the ‘r’ was re-introduced into English via the Medieval Latin indorsare, which had retained the ‘r’. Note that the alternative spelling indorse also uses the initial ‘i’ from Latin (in-, rather than en-), but this form is now rare.

der

The court endorsed his driving record with three penalty points for the drink-driving.

On 25th January, 1968, Mrs. Weston was convicted by the Sheffield Magistrates of driving without due care and attention. She was fined £10 and her driving licence was endorsed.

(transitive, UK, law) To add penalty points to one's driving licence as a result of a road traffic offence.


remedy

From Middle English remedie, from Old French *remedie, remede, from Latin remedium (“a remedy, cure”), from re- (“again”) + mederi (“to heal”). Doublet of remeid.

(law) The legal means to recover a right or to prevent or obtain redress for a wrong.

сре́дство

суде́бной защи́ты


duplicate

en-noun

duplicate (countable and uncountable, plural duplicates)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
Borrowed from Latin duplicātus, perfect passive participle of duplicō, see -ate.

(law) An original instrument repeated; a document which is the same as another in all essential particulars, and differing from a mere copy in having all the validity of an original


alio

alio (nominative singular)
aliot (nominative plural)
alio (accusative nominative singular)
aliot (accusative nominative plural)
alion (accusative genitive singular)
aliot (accusative genitive plural)
alion (genitive singular)
alioiden (genitive plural)
alioitten (genitive plural)
aliota (partitive singular)
alioita (partitive plural)
aliossa (inessive singular)
alioissa (inessive plural)
aliosta (elative singular)
alioista (elative plural)
alioon (illative singular)
alioihin (illative plural)
aliolla (adessive singular)
alioilla (adessive plural)
aliolta (ablative singular)
alioilta (ablative plural)
aliolle (allative singular)
alioille (allative plural)
aliona (essive singular)
alioina (essive plural)
alioksi (singular translative)
alioiksi (plural translative)
aliotta (abessive singular)
alioitta (abessive plural)
alioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
alioni (nominative singular)
alioni (nominative plural)
alioni (accusative nominative singular)
alioni (accusative nominative plural)
alioni (accusative genitive singular)
alioni (accusative genitive plural)
alioni (genitive singular)
alioideni (genitive plural)
alioitteni (genitive plural)
aliotani (partitive singular)
alioitani (partitive plural)
aliossani (inessive singular)
alioissani (inessive plural)
aliostani (elative singular)
alioistani (elative plural)
aliooni (illative singular)
alioihini (illative plural)
aliollani (adessive singular)
alioillani (adessive plural)
alioltani (ablative singular)
alioiltani (ablative plural)
aliolleni (allative singular)
alioilleni (allative plural)
alionani (essive singular)
alioinani (essive plural)
aliokseni (singular translative)
alioikseni (plural translative)
aliottani (abessive singular)
alioittani (abessive plural)
alioineni (comitative plural)
aliosi (nominative singular)
aliosi (nominative plural)
aliosi (accusative nominative singular)
aliosi (accusative nominative plural)
aliosi (accusative genitive singular)
aliosi (accusative genitive plural)
aliosi (genitive singular)
alioidesi (genitive plural)
alioittesi (genitive plural)
aliotasi (partitive singular)
alioitasi (partitive plural)
aliossasi (inessive singular)
alioissasi (inessive plural)
aliostasi (elative singular)
alioistasi (elative plural)
alioosi (illative singular)
alioihisi (illative plural)
aliollasi (adessive singular)
alioillasi (adessive plural)
alioltasi (ablative singular)
alioiltasi (ablative plural)
aliollesi (allative singular)
alioillesi (allative plural)
alionasi (essive singular)
alioinasi (essive plural)
alioksesi (singular translative)
alioiksesi (plural translative)
aliottasi (abessive singular)
alioittasi (abessive plural)
alioinesi (comitative plural)
aliomme (nominative singular)
aliomme (nominative plural)
aliomme (accusative nominative singular)
aliomme (accusative nominative plural)
aliomme (accusative genitive singular)
aliomme (accusative genitive plural)
aliomme (genitive singular)
alioidemme (genitive plural)
alioittemme (genitive plural)
aliotamme (partitive singular)
alioitamme (partitive plural)
aliossamme (inessive singular)
alioissamme (inessive plural)
aliostamme (elative singular)
alioistamme (elative plural)
alioomme (illative singular)
alioihimme (illative plural)
aliollamme (adessive singular)
alioillamme (adessive plural)
alioltamme (ablative singular)
alioiltamme (ablative plural)
aliollemme (allative singular)
alioillemme (allative plural)
alionamme (essive singular)
alioinamme (essive plural)
alioksemme (singular translative)
alioiksemme (plural translative)
aliottamme (abessive singular)
alioittamme (abessive plural)
alioinemme (comitative plural)
alionne (nominative singular)
alionne (nominative plural)
alionne (accusative nominative singular)
alionne (accusative nominative plural)
alionne (accusative genitive singular)
alionne (accusative genitive plural)
alionne (genitive singular)
alioidenne (genitive plural)
alioittenne (genitive plural)
aliotanne (partitive singular)
alioitanne (partitive plural)
aliossanne (inessive singular)
alioissanne (inessive plural)
aliostanne (elative singular)
alioistanne (elative plural)
alioonne (illative singular)
alioihinne (illative plural)
aliollanne (adessive singular)
alioillanne (adessive plural)
alioltanne (ablative singular)
alioiltanne (ablative plural)
aliollenne (allative singular)
alioillenne (allative plural)
alionanne (essive singular)
alioinanne (essive plural)
alioksenne (singular translative)
alioiksenne (plural translative)
aliottanne (abessive singular)
alioittanne (abessive plural)
alioinenne (comitative plural)
alionsa (nominative singular)
alionsa (nominative plural)
alionsa (accusative nominative singular)
alionsa (accusative nominative plural)
alionsa (accusative genitive singular)
alionsa (accusative genitive plural)
alionsa (genitive singular)
alioidensa (genitive plural)
alioittensa (genitive plural)
aliotaan (partitive singular)
aliotansa (partitive singular)
alioitaan (partitive plural)
alioitansa (partitive plural)
aliossaan (inessive singular)
aliossansa (inessive singular)
alioissaan (inessive plural)
alioissansa (inessive plural)
aliostaan (elative singular)
aliostansa (elative singular)
alioistaan (elative plural)
alioistansa (elative plural)
alioonsa (illative singular)
alioihinsa (illative plural)
aliollaan (adessive singular)
aliollansa (adessive singular)
alioillaan (adessive plural)
alioillansa (adessive plural)
alioltaan (ablative singular)
alioltansa (ablative singular)
alioiltaan (ablative plural)
alioiltansa (ablative plural)
aliolleen (allative singular)
aliollensa (allative singular)
alioilleen (allative plural)
alioillensa (allative plural)
alionaan (essive singular)
alionansa (essive singular)
alioinaan (essive plural)
alioinansa (essive plural)
aliokseen (singular translative)
alioksensa (singular translative)
alioikseen (plural translative)
alioiksensa (plural translative)
aliottaan (abessive singular)
aliottansa (abessive singular)
alioittaan (abessive plural)
alioittansa (abessive plural)
alioineen (comitative plural)
alioinensa (comitative plural)

(law) subsection (in a legal code, a subsection of pykälä)


leasehold

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-leasehold.wav

term of years absolute
term of years absolute

(property law) Of an estate in land, held for a term of years absolute by a lessee or tenant.


leasehold

leasehold (countable and uncountable, plural leaseholds)

(property law) Real property held as an estate in land of this type.


freehold

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-freehold.wav

fee simple absolute in possession
fee simple absolute in possession

(property law) Of a tenure or estate in land, held in fee simple absolute in possession by a proprietor; granted out of the allodial title, liable to determine only on escheat.


freehold

freehold (countable and uncountable, plural freeholds)

(property law) Real property held by a tenure of this type.


fee simple

Sir, for a Cardceue he will ſell the fee-ſimple of his ſaluation, the inheritance of it, and cut th’ intaile from all remainders, and a perpetuall ſucceſsion for it perpetually.

c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 248, column 2:

It had never occurred to me that a parson has no fee-simple in the house and glebe he occupies.

1787, William Cowper, letter, 19 October

(law) The private ownership of property (real estate) in which the owner has the right to control, use, and transfer the property at will.

永久產權 /永久产权

The rights and privileges of private ownership of property particularly real estate

fee simple subject to condition subsequent

fee simple subject to executory interest

fee simple subject to executory limitation


walker

→ Irish: válcaeir

→ Persian: واکر (vâker)

From Middle English walkere (“one who walks, traveller”), equivalent to walk + -er.


docketing software

(computing, law) Software for use in scheduling legal matters, for example ex parte proceedings, litigation, and other legal matters.


writ

en-noun

writ (countable and uncountable, plural writs)

From Middle English writ, from Old English writ and ġewrit (“writing”), from Proto-Germanic *writą (“fissure, writing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wrey-, *wrī- (“to scratch, carve, ingrave”). Cognate with Scots writ (“writ, writing, handwriting”), Icelandic rit (“writing, writ, literary work, publication”).

cog

(countable, law) A written order, issued by a court, ordering someone to do (or stop doing) something.


petition

From Middle English, borrowed from Old French peticiun, from stem of Latin petitio, petitionem (“a request, solicitation”), from petere (“to require, seek, go forward”).

der

(law, by extension) A formal written application made to a magistrate or court for an order or a suit for divorce.


wend

From Middle English wenden, from Old English wendan (“to turn, change, translate”), from Proto-West Germanic *wandijan, from Proto-Germanic *wandijaną (“to turn”), causative of *windaną (“to wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn, wind, braid”).
Cognate with Dutch wenden (“to turn”), German wenden (“to turn, reverse”), Danish vende (“to turn”), Norwegian Bokmål vende (“to turn”), Norwegian Nynorsk venda (“to turn”), Swedish vända (“to turn, turn over, veer, direct”), Icelandic venda (“to wend, turn, change”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wandjan, “to cause to turn”). Related to wind (Etymology 2).

cog

(obsolete, UK, law) A large extent of ground; a perambulation; a circuit


variance

en-noun

variance (countable and uncountable, plural variances)

variances (plural)
variaunce (alternative)
var (alternative)

From Middle English variance, variaunce, equivalent to vary + -ance, from Old French variance or directly from Anglo-Latin variaunce, veriaunce, wariaunce; all from Latin variantia.

(law) A discrepancy between two legal documents.

несъотве́тствие

discrepancy, especially between two legal documents

(law) A departure from a cause of action originally in a complaint.


Verbindung

de-noun

Verbindung f (genitive Verbindung, plural Verbindungen)

Verbindung (genitive)
Verbindungen (plural)
Verbindung (nominative singular)
Verbindungen (definite nominative plural)
Verbindung (genitive singular)
Verbindungen (definite genitive plural)
Verbindung (dative singular)
Verbindungen (dative definite plural)
Verbindung (accusative singular)
Verbindungen (accusative definite plural)


matter of fact

Whether he left his house on the night of the murder is a matter of fact.

(law) An issue concerning the factual circumstances of a cause of action that is to be tried or proved; an allegation forming the basis of a claim or defense, as opposed to a matter of law.


Lawrence

en-proper noun

Lawrence (countable and uncountable, plural Lawrences)

Lawrences (plural)
Lieurance (alternative)

(US, law, sexuality, US politics, informal, uncountable) Ellipsis of Lawrence v. Texas, a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court ruling that legalized same-sex sexual relations; and reaffirmed the existence of a right to privacy under due process following the 14th Amendment.


sortir

sortir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sortant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
sorti (participle past)
sort (indicative present singular third-person)
sortent (indicative plural present third-person)
sortait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sortaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sortit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sortirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sortira (future indicative singular third-person)
sortiront (future indicative plural third-person)
sortirait (conditional singular third-person)
sortiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sorte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sortent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sortît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sortissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin sortīrī, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre). Compare Italian sortire, compare also Spanish surtir.

...au résidu, la dite sentence sortissant son plein et entier effet; et, pour mettre le présent arrêt à exécution, la dite cour a renvoyé et renvoi le dict Tesnier pardevant les gens des monnoies.

1887, Christ-Frédéric Masson, chapter 2, in Bobigny (lez-Paris) : la seigneurie, commune et la paroisse de l'an 450 jusqu'à nos jours, page 197:

...to the remainder, the said sentence taking its full & entire effect; &, in order to put the present ruling into action, the said court has sent & sends the said Tesnier before the men of the mints.

(law, obsolete) to have or take [effect]


lapidate

en-verb

lapidate (third-person singular simple present lapidates, present participle lapidating, simple past and past participle lapidated)

lapidates (present singular third-person)
lapidating (participle present)
lapidated (participle past)
lapidated (past)

From Latin lapidātus, past participle of lapidō (“throw stones at”), from lapis (“stone”).

the host (in tailcoat, grey cravat, purple vest) is lapidated by his wife while he loudly cries: "Maggie—please save a cup fer coffee in the morning."

1932 February 1, “Jiggs & Maggie”, in Time Magazine:

On August 27, 2002, a Nigerian court ordered the mother of a newborn child, Amina Lawal, to be publicly lapidated for adultery.

(transitive, law) To throw stones or other objects at, as punishment, sometimes until death.


vested

en-adj

vested (comparative more vested, superlative most vested)

more vested (comparative)
most vested (superlative)

All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

(law) Settled, fixed or absolute, with no contingencies.


vested interest

en-noun

vested interest (plural vested interests)

Popularized in sociology by Thorstein Veblen, The Vested Interests and the Common Man (1919).

I saw them enjoying a special privilege which had been theirs so long that it had become a vested interest: they seemed to think it was a law ordained of nature that they should be forever life's favorite sons.

1940, Thomas Wolfe, chapter 46, in You Can't Go Home Again, →OCLC:

(law) An indefeasible right or title, distinguished from a contingent interest, which could be defeated (i.e. cease) if a certain event occurred.


vexatious

en-adj

vexatious (comparative more vexatious, superlative most vexatious)

more vexatious (comparative)
most vexatious (superlative)

a vexatious lawsuit

(law, of an action) Commenced for the purpose of giving trouble, without due cause.

a vexatious litigant

(law, of a party or entity) In the habit of starting vexatious litigation and therefore liable to have restraints placed on one's ability to access the courts.


rejoinder

/ɹɪˈd͡ʒɔɪndɚ/

From Middle English rejoinder, rejonder, rejoynder, from Middle French rejoindre, with infinitive used as noun frequent in Law French. Doublet of rejoin.

(law) The defendant's answer to the replication.

(US patent law) Re-insertion, typically after allowance of a patent application, of patent claims that had been withdrawn from examination under a restriction requirement.


guillotine

Borrowed from French guillotine, named after the French physician Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738–1814), who proposed its use for capital punishment.

named-after

/ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-guillotine.wav

The right hon. Gentleman is making a great stooshie about time in relation to this Bill, but was it not the case that, when the SNP [Scottish National Party] Scottish Government introduced their continuity Bill in the Scottish Parliament, they operated a ruthless guillotine to prevent proper scrutiny of it? That is the case; they ran a guillotine on that Bill, and there was a very limited amount of time allowed for debate and scrutiny, yet he complains about that happening here.

2019 October 22, Stephen Kerr, Member of Parliament for Stirling, “Second Reading of the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Bill”, in House of Commons Debates (House of Commons)^(https://web.archive.org/web/20191024000813/https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-10-22/debates/277C5A20-456D-469B-A415-D04AFFD83248/EuropeanUnion(WithdrawalAgreement)Bill), volume 666, archived from the original on 2019-10-24, column 860:

(British) A parliamentary procedure for fixing the dates when various stages of discussion of a bill must end, to ensure that the enactment of the bill proceeds expeditiously.

(US) A legislative motion that debate be ended and a vote taken; a cloture.


guillotine

en-verb

guillotine (third-person singular simple present guillotines, present participle guillotining, simple past and past participle guillotined)

guillotines (present singular third-person)
guillotining (participle present)
guillotined (participle past)
guillotined (past)

Borrowed from French guillotiner (“to execute with a guillotine, to guillotine”), from guillotine (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

bor

/ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/

(British) To end discussion (about a parliamentary bill or part of one) by invoking a guillotine procedure.

(US) To end (a legislative debate) by invoking cloture.


divorco

eo-head

divorco (accusative singular divorcon, plural divorcoj, accusative plural divorcojn)

divorcon (accusative singular)
divorcoj (plural)
divorcojn (accusative plural)

From English divorce, French divorce, Italian divorzio, Spanish divorcio, Portuguese divórcio, from Latin dīvortium.


divorco

Borrowed from English divorce, French divorce, Italian divorzio, Spanish divorcio.


proposal

/pɹəˈpəʊzəl/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-proposal.wav

ข้อเสนอ

kɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌ə

Something which is proposed, or offered for consideration or acceptance.

(law) The offer by a party of what they have in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract.

προσφορά

law: the offer by a party of what they have in view


visitor

visitors (plural)
visitour (alternative)
visiter (alternative)

Partly from Middle English visiter, visitere, equivalent to visit + -er; and partly from Middle English visitour, from Anglo-Norman visitour, from Old French visetëor. By surface analysis, visit + -or.

As to eleemoſynary corporations, by the dotation the founder and his heirs are of common right the legal viſitors, to ſee that that property is rightly employed, which would otherwiſe have deſcended to the viſitor himſelf: […]

1765, William Blackstone, “Of Corporations”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book I (Of the Rights of Persons), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 469:

(law) A person authorized to visit an institution to see that it is being managed properly.


vista

From the Vulgar Latin *visita, from Latin videō.

(law) hearing (a legal procedure done before a judge)


ultra vires

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ultra vires (“beyond the power”).

ubor

Acts of the Scottish Parliament, unlike Westminster, can be challenged in court on the basis that they relate to reserved matters and are, therefore, ultra vires.

Plaintiffs alleged that Defendants’ actions were ultra vires and violated the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

2025 June 19, “Gavin Newsom v. Donald J. Trump”, in United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, page 2:

(law) beyond the legal power or authority of a person or body


administer

en-verb

administer (third-person singular simple present administers, present participle administering, simple past and past participle administered)

administers (present singular third-person)
administering (participle present)
administered (participle past)
administered (past)
administre (alternative)

From Middle English administren, from Old French aminister, from Latin administrare (“to manage, execute”), from ad (“to”) + ministrare (“to attend, serve”), from minister (“servant”); see minister.

der

(law) To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a will, or whose will fails of an executor.


attribution

en-noun

attribution (countable and uncountable, plural attributions)

From Middle French attribution, from Latin attributio.

(law) A legal doctrine by which liability is extended to a defendant who did not actually commit the tortious or criminal act.


antisocial behaviour order

antisocial behaviour order (plural antisocial behaviour orders)

(British, law) A civil order made against a person, as a result of persistent antisocial behaviour.


assignee

From Middle English assigne, from Old French assigné, equivalent to assign + -ee.

(law) One to whom a right or property is being transferred.

وَكِيل

law: one to whom rights or property is being transferred


extradition

→ English: extradition

→ Polish: ekstradycja

Formed in French from Latin ex- (“out of”) + trāditiō (“handing over”).

(law) extradition (formal process by which a criminal suspect held by one government is handed over to another government for trial or, if the suspect has already been tried and found guilty, to serve his or her sentence)


lodo

From Medieval Latin, Late Latin laudum, from Latin laudō.


provision

provision (countable and uncountable, plural provisions)

/pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/

From Middle English provisioun, from Old French provisïon, from Latin prōvīsiō (“preparation, foresight”), from prōvidēre (“provide”).

der

An arrest shall be made in accordance with the provisions of this Act.

Almost half of MEPs wanted to remove the new provisions' to expand the use of megatrucks but an amendment to do that failed to pass by just six votes.

(law) A clause in a legal instrument, a law, etc., providing for a particular matter; stipulation; proviso.

määräys

in contracts or non-governmental regulations


unavoidable

en-adj

unavoidable (comparative more unavoidable, superlative most unavoidable)

more unavoidable (comparative)
most unavoidable (superlative)

/ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbəl/

From Middle English unavoidable, equivalent to un- + avoidable.

A confirmation is allied to a release, being a conveyance of an estate or right in esse whereby a voidable estate is made unavoidable

1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:

(law) Not voidable; incapable of being made null or void.


retain

en-verb

retain (third-person singular simple present retains, present participle retaining, simple past and past participle retained)

retains (present singular third-person)
retaining (participle present)
retained (participle past)
retained (past)
retain (infinitive)
retain (first-person present singular)
retained (first-person past singular)
retain (present second-person singular)
retainest (archaic present second-person singular)
retained (past second-person singular)
retainedst (archaic past second-person singular)
retains (present singular third-person)
retaineth (archaic present singular third-person)
retained (past singular third-person)
retain (plural present)
retained (past plural)
retain (present subjunctive)
retained (past subjunctive)
retain (imperative present)
retaining (participle present)
retained (participle past)

From Late Middle English reteinen, retein (“to continue to keep, retain; to continue to possess; to possess; to contain; to draw back, retire; to hold back, restrain; to keep in mind, remember; to take back, repossess; to appoint; to engage in one’s service, employ, hire”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman reteiner, retenir [and other forms], Middle French retenir, and Old French retenir (“to keep back, retain; to keep, maintain, preserve; to possess; to engage in one’s service, employ; to detain; to hold back, restrain; to remember”) (modern French retenir), from Vulgar Latin *retinīre, from Latin retinēre, the present active infinitive of retineō (“to keep or hold back, detain, retain; to hold in check, stop; to hold fast, maintain; to keep in mind, remember”) (compare Late Latin retineō (“to keep engaged in one’s service”)), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again’) + teneō (“to grasp, hold; to hold fast, restrain; to possess; to keep in mind, remember”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to extend, stretch”)).
Sense 1.10 (“to declare (a sin) not forgiven”) is derived from John 20:23 in the Bible, in Late Latin quorum retinueritis, retenta sunt, and in Koine Greek ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται: see the 1526 quotation.
Cognates
* Catalan retenir
* Italian retenere (obsolete), ritenere
* Portuguese reter
* Spanish retener

nb...

retainen, retayne, reteign, reteigne, reteine, retene, retenne, reteyene, reteygn, reteygne, reteyign, reteyn, reteyne, retine

restenir, reteigner, reteingner, retener, retenier, retiner

lang

ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται

ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται

أَبْقَى

to keep (something) in control or possession; to continue having (something)

pidättää

of a body or body organ: to hold back tissue or a substance

It is vvell knovvn thou retaineſt thy Lavvyers by the Year, ſo a freſh Lavv-Suit adds but little to thy Expences; […]

1733, Humphry Polesworth [pseudonym; John Arbuthnot], Alexander Pope, compiler, “Law is a Bottomless Pit. Or, The History of John Bull. […]. The Second Part. Chapter XVI. How John Bull and Nic. Frog Settled Their Accompts.”, in Miscellanies, 2nd edition, volume II, London: […] Benjamin Motte, […], →OCLC, page 143:

"Mr. Pickwick is the defendant in Bardell and Pickwick, Serjeant Snubbin," said Perker. / "I am retained in that, am I?" said the Sergeant. / "You are, Sir," replied Perker.

1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, page 325:

To engage or hire (someone), especially temporarily.

(chiefly law) To employ (someone, especially a lawyer) by paying a retainer (“fee one pays to reserve another person's time for services”); specifically, to engage (a barrister) by making an initial payment to secure their services if needed.

pitää palkattuna

to employ (someone, especially a lawyer) by paying a retainer; to engage (a barrister) by making an initial payment to secure their services if needed


proponent

From Latin prōpōnēns, present participle of prōpōnō (“to put forward; propose”).

(law) One who propounds a will for probate.


usuario

it-noun

usuario m (plural usuari, feminine usuaria)


usanza

→ Armenian: զանցա (zancʻa)

From usare + -anza; cognate with Piedmontese usansa/üsansa.


uses

(law) A form of equitable ownership peculiar to English law, by which one person enjoys the profits of lands, etc. whose legal title is vested in another in trust.


laudar

es-verb

laudar (first-person singular present laudo, first-person singular preterite laudé, past participle laudado)

laudo (first-person present singular)
laudé (first-person preterite singular)
laudado (participle past)
laudar (infinitive)
laudando (gerund)
laudado (masculine participle past singular)
laudada (feminine participle past singular)
laudados (masculine participle past plural)
laudadas (feminine participle past plural)
laudo (first-person indicative present singular)
laudas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
laudás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
lauda (indicative present singular third-person)
laudamos (first-person indicative plural present)
laudáis (indicative plural present second-person)
laudan (indicative plural present third-person)
laudaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
laudabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
laudaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
laudábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
laudabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
laudaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
laudé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
laudaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
laudó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
laudamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
laudasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
laudaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
laudaré (first-person future indicative singular)
laudarás (future indicative second-person singular)
laudará (future indicative singular third-person)
laudaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
laudaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
laudarán (future indicative plural third-person)
laudaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
laudarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
laudaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
laudaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
laudaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
laudarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
laude (first-person present singular subjunctive)
laudes (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
laudés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
laude (present singular subjunctive third-person)
laudemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
laudéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lauden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
laudara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
laudaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
laudara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
laudáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
laudarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
laudaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
laudase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
laudases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
laudase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
laudásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
laudaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
laudasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
laudare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
laudares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
laudare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
laudáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
laudareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
laudaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
lauda (imperative informal second-person singular)
laudá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
laude (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
laude (imperative singular third-person)
laudemos (first-person imperative plural)
laudad (imperative plural second-person)
lauden (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
lauden (imperative plural third-person)
laudes (imperative negative second-person singular)
laude (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
laude (imperative negative singular third-person)
laudemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
laudéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
lauden (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
lauden (imperative negative plural third-person)
laudarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
laudarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
laudarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
laudarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
laudarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
laudaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
laudarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
laudarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
laudarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
laudarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
laudarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
laudarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
laudarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
laudarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
laudaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
laudarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
laudarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
laudarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
laudándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
laudándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
laudándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
laudándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
laudándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
laudándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
laudándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
laudándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
laudándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
laudándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
laudándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
laudándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
laudándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
laudándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
laudándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
laudándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
laudándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
laudándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
láudame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
láudate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
láudale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
láudanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
láudales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
láudame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
láudate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
láudalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
láudala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
láudanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
láudalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
láudalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
laudame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
laudate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
laudale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
laudanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
laudales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
laudame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
laudate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
laudalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
laudala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
laudanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
laudalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
laudalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
láudeme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
láudele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
láudese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
láudenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
láudeles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
láudeme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
láudelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
láudela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
láudese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
láudenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
láudelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
láudelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
laudémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
laudémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
laudémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
laudémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
laudémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
laudémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
laudémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
laudémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
laudémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
laudémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
laudémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
laudémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
laudadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
laudadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
laudadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
laudaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
laudadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
laudadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
laudadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
laudadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
laudadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
laudaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
laudadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
laudadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
láudenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
láudenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
láudennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
láudenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
láudense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
láudenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
láudenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
láudenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
láudennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
láudenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
láudenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
láudense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Borrowed from Latin laudāre. Doublet of loar, which was inherited.

(law, transitive) to rule or deliver a verdict


prejudice

fro-noun

prejudice oblique singular, f (oblique plural prejudices, nominative singular prejudice, nominative plural prejudices)

prejudice oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
prejudices (oblique plural)
prejudice (nominative singular)
prejudices (nominative plural)

English: prejudice

French: préjudice


profil

profil (nominative singular)
profile (nominative plural)
profilu (genitive singular)
profili (genitive plural)
profilów (genitive plural)
profilowi (dative singular)
profilom (dative plural)
profil (accusative singular)
profile (accusative plural)
profilem (instrumental singular)
profilami (instrumental plural)
profilu (locative singular)
profilach (locative plural)
profilu (singular vocative)
profile (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French profil, from Italian profilo.

(criminology, psychology) offender profile


tercero

Inherited from Latin tertiārius, from tertius. Doublet of terciario, a borrowing from the same source.


under protest

(US, law) of a payment made subject to dispute


petit

en-adj

petit (comparative more petit, superlative most petit)

more petit (comparative)
most petit (superlative)

From Middle English petit, from Old French petit, from Late Latin *pitittus, diminutive of Latin *pit-, possibly from Proto-Celtic *pett- (“part, bit, piece”) (see Latin pettia), or of imitative origin.
Compare also Latin pitinnus (“small”), pitulus, Italian pezza. Doublet of petty.

onomatopoeic

imitative

Petty, in its various senses:
(law, of scale) Small, minor.

Petty, in its various senses:
Small, minor.


coercion

en-noun

coercion (countable and uncountable, plural coercions)

coercions (plural)
coersion (alternative misspelling)
coërcion (alternative dated)

Inherited from Middle English cohercioun, from Old French cohercion, from Latin coercitiō (“magisterial coercion”), from past participle coercitus of coerceō (“to restrain, coerce”), from co- (“with”) + arceō (“to shut in, enclose”); see coerce.

der

(law, uncountable) Use of physical or moral force to compel a person to do something, or to abstain from doing something, thereby depriving that person of the exercise of free will.


parte

Inherited from Old Spanish parte (“part”), from Latin partem, from Proto-Italic *partis.

inh+

(law) party (e.g. a third party, state party, to be party to)


redundancy

en-noun

redundancy (countable and uncountable, plural redundancies)

non-redundancy

antonym(s) of “state of being redundant”

employment

antonym(s) of “state of being unemployed”

hiring

antonym(s) of “instance or act of dismissal”

(law) surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.


witness tampering

From witness + tampering. First use appears c. 1902 in the Indianapolis Sun.

(law, criminology) The act of attempting to improperly alter, influence or prevent the testimony of witnesses within civil or criminal proceedings.


age of majority

age of majority (plural ages of majority)

In Indiana the age of majority is 18 years.

(law) The age at which the rights and privileges of an adult are legally granted or recognized; i.e.; the age where a person ceases to be a minor legally and becomes a legal adult.

سِنّ الرُّشْد

(sometimes used with definite; sjálfræðisaldurinn m)


fermo

From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).

fermo giudiziario

judicial detention, remand (pre-trial detention of a suspect charged with a serious crime and thought to be a flight risk)


deuterogamist

(theology, law) A practicer or supporter of deuterogamy.

(theology, law) One who remarries after the divorce or death of their spouse.

(theology, law) One who believes in the moral right to, and the lawfulness of, remarriage after divorce or spousal death.


plaintiff in error

plaintiff in error (plural plaintiffs in error)

(law) A party who appeals the decision of a lower court.


céile

head

céile m (genitive céili, nominative plural céili)

céili (genitive)
céili (nominative plural)
céile (nominative singular)
céile (dual nominative)
céili (nominative plural)
céili (singular vocative)
céile (dual vocative)
céiliu (plural vocative)
céile (accusative singular)
céile (accusative dual)
céiliu (accusative plural)
céili (genitive singular)
céile (dual genitive)
céile (genitive plural)
céiliu (dative singular)
céilib (dative dual)
céilib (dative plural)
céile
chéile
céile
céele (alternative)
céle (alternative)

Irish: céile

Manx: keilley

Scottish Gaelic: cèile

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚓᚂᚔ (celi, “follower, devotee”, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *keiliyos.

inh

(law) liege, vassal, the recipient of a fief


unity

en-noun

unity (countable and uncountable, plural unities)

Etymology tree
Middle English unite
English unity
From Middle English unite, from Anglo-Norman, Old French unité, from Latin ūnitās, from ūnus (“one”) + noun of state suffix -itās, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”), hence distantly related to one and an. Displaced native Old English ānnes (literally “oneness”).

der

(law) The peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy.

съвместно владение

law: the peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy


ius gentium

la-noun

iūs gentium n sg (genitive iūris gentium); third declension

iūs gentium (canonical neuter singular)
iūris gentium (genitive)
iūs gentium (nominative singular)
iūris gentium (genitive singular)
iūrī gentium (dative singular)
iūs gentium (accusative singular)
iūre gentium (ablative singular)
iūs gentium (singular vocative)
jūs gentium (alternative)

→ English: jus gentium

→ English: law of nations (calque)

→ French: droit des gens (calque)


BT

en-noun

BT (countable and uncountable, plural BTs)


pari passu

From Late Latin pari passu, from Latin parī, ablative of pār (“equal”) + passū, ablative of passus (“step”).


prevaricate

en-verb

prevaricate (third-person singular simple present prevaricates, present participle prevaricating, simple past and past participle prevaricated)

prevaricates (present singular third-person)
prevaricating (participle present)
prevaricated (participle past)
prevaricated (past)
prævaricate (alternative archaic)

/pɹɪˈvæɹɪkeɪt/

/pɹɪˈvɛɹɪkeɪt/

From the participle stem of Latin praevāricārī (“to walk crookedly; to play a false or double part”), from prae- + vāricāre (“to stand with feet apart, straddle”), from vāricus (“with feet spread apart”).

der

(intransitive, law) To collude, as where an informer colludes with the defendant, and makes a sham prosecution.

(law, UK) To undertake something falsely and deceitfully, with the purpose of defeating or destroying it.


hypo

en-noun

hypo (countable and uncountable, plural hypos)

Clipping of various terms beginning with hypo-, from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under”).


quitclaim

en-verb

quitclaim (third-person singular simple present quitclaims, present participle quitclaiming, simple past and past participle quitclaimed)

quitclaims (present singular third-person)
quitclaiming (participle present)
quitclaimed (participle past)
quitclaimed (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-quitclaim.wav

From Middle English quiteclaymen, from Anglo-Norman quiteclamer, from clamer quite (“to claim quit”). Compare claim quit.

1991, JD Gordon, "How Not to Succeed in Law School", Yale Law Journal, April
I hereby give, grant, bargain, sell, release, convey, transfer, and quitclaim all my right, title, interest, benefit, and use whatever in, of, and concerning this chattel, otherwise known as an orange, or citrus orantium, together with all the appurtenances thereto of skin, pulp, pip, rind, seeds, and juice for his own use and behoof, to himself and his heirs in fee simple forever, free from all liens, encumbrances, easements, limitations, restraints, or conditions whatsoever, any and all prior deeds, transfers or other documents whatsoever.

It introduced a bill into the legislature that allowed the king to quitclaim all of Ruth's lands in return for Spreckels gaining title to 24,000 crucial acres at Wailuku, near Spreckelsville.

2012, Julia Flynn Siler, Lost Kingdom, Grove Press, page 86:

(transitive, law) To relinquish or release (a claim, title, etc.); to transfer (an interest in property).


quitclaim

(law) A deed that is a renunciation of claims to a parcel of real property and a transfer of one's claims to another.


rike

rike (nominative singular)
rikkeet (nominative plural)
rike (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeet (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeen (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeet (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeen (genitive singular)
rikkeiden (genitive plural)
rikkeitten (genitive plural)
rikettä (partitive singular)
rikkeitä (partitive plural)
rikkeessä (inessive singular)
rikkeissä (inessive plural)
rikkeestä (elative singular)
rikkeistä (elative plural)
rikkeeseen (illative singular)
rikkeisiin (illative plural)
rikkeihin (illative plural)
rikkeellä (adessive singular)
rikkeillä (adessive plural)
rikkeeltä (ablative singular)
rikkeiltä (ablative plural)
rikkeelle (allative singular)
rikkeille (allative plural)
rikkeenä (essive singular)
rikkeinä (essive plural)
rikkeeksi (singular translative)
rikkeiksi (plural translative)
rikkeettä (abessive singular)
rikkeittä (abessive plural)
rikkein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
rikkeeni (nominative singular)
rikkeeni (nominative plural)
rikkeeni (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeeni (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeeni (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeeni (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeeni (genitive singular)
rikkeideni (genitive plural)
rikkeitteni (genitive plural)
rikettäni (partitive singular)
rikkeitäni (partitive plural)
rikkeessäni (inessive singular)
rikkeissäni (inessive plural)
rikkeestäni (elative singular)
rikkeistäni (elative plural)
rikkeeseeni (illative singular)
rikkeisiini (illative plural)
rikkeihini (illative plural)
rikkeelläni (adessive singular)
rikkeilläni (adessive plural)
rikkeeltäni (ablative singular)
rikkeiltäni (ablative plural)
rikkeelleni (allative singular)
rikkeilleni (allative plural)
rikkeenäni (essive singular)
rikkeinäni (essive plural)
rikkeekseni (singular translative)
rikkeikseni (plural translative)
rikkeettäni (abessive singular)
rikkeittäni (abessive plural)
rikkeineni (comitative plural)
rikkeesi (nominative singular)
rikkeesi (nominative plural)
rikkeesi (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeesi (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeesi (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeesi (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeesi (genitive singular)
rikkeidesi (genitive plural)
rikkeittesi (genitive plural)
rikettäsi (partitive singular)
rikkeitäsi (partitive plural)
rikkeessäsi (inessive singular)
rikkeissäsi (inessive plural)
rikkeestäsi (elative singular)
rikkeistäsi (elative plural)
rikkeeseesi (illative singular)
rikkeisiisi (illative plural)
rikkeihisi (illative plural)
rikkeelläsi (adessive singular)
rikkeilläsi (adessive plural)
rikkeeltäsi (ablative singular)
rikkeiltäsi (ablative plural)
rikkeellesi (allative singular)
rikkeillesi (allative plural)
rikkeenäsi (essive singular)
rikkeinäsi (essive plural)
rikkeeksesi (singular translative)
rikkeiksesi (plural translative)
rikkeettäsi (abessive singular)
rikkeittäsi (abessive plural)
rikkeinesi (comitative plural)
rikkeemme (nominative singular)
rikkeemme (nominative plural)
rikkeemme (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeemme (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeemme (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeemme (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeemme (genitive singular)
rikkeidemme (genitive plural)
rikkeittemme (genitive plural)
rikettämme (partitive singular)
rikkeitämme (partitive plural)
rikkeessämme (inessive singular)
rikkeissämme (inessive plural)
rikkeestämme (elative singular)
rikkeistämme (elative plural)
rikkeeseemme (illative singular)
rikkeisiimme (illative plural)
rikkeihimme (illative plural)
rikkeellämme (adessive singular)
rikkeillämme (adessive plural)
rikkeeltämme (ablative singular)
rikkeiltämme (ablative plural)
rikkeellemme (allative singular)
rikkeillemme (allative plural)
rikkeenämme (essive singular)
rikkeinämme (essive plural)
rikkeeksemme (singular translative)
rikkeiksemme (plural translative)
rikkeettämme (abessive singular)
rikkeittämme (abessive plural)
rikkeinemme (comitative plural)
rikkeenne (nominative singular)
rikkeenne (nominative plural)
rikkeenne (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeenne (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeenne (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeenne (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeenne (genitive singular)
rikkeidenne (genitive plural)
rikkeittenne (genitive plural)
rikettänne (partitive singular)
rikkeitänne (partitive plural)
rikkeessänne (inessive singular)
rikkeissänne (inessive plural)
rikkeestänne (elative singular)
rikkeistänne (elative plural)
rikkeeseenne (illative singular)
rikkeisiinne (illative plural)
rikkeihinne (illative plural)
rikkeellänne (adessive singular)
rikkeillänne (adessive plural)
rikkeeltänne (ablative singular)
rikkeiltänne (ablative plural)
rikkeellenne (allative singular)
rikkeillenne (allative plural)
rikkeenänne (essive singular)
rikkeinänne (essive plural)
rikkeeksenne (singular translative)
rikkeiksenne (plural translative)
rikkeettänne (abessive singular)
rikkeittänne (abessive plural)
rikkeinenne (comitative plural)
rikkeensä (nominative singular)
rikkeensä (nominative plural)
rikkeensä (accusative nominative singular)
rikkeensä (accusative nominative plural)
rikkeensä (accusative genitive singular)
rikkeensä (accusative genitive plural)
rikkeensä (genitive singular)
rikkeidensä (genitive plural)
rikkeittensä (genitive plural)
rikettään (partitive singular)
rikettänsä (partitive singular)
rikkeitään (partitive plural)
rikkeitänsä (partitive plural)
rikkeessään (inessive singular)
rikkeessänsä (inessive singular)
rikkeissään (inessive plural)
rikkeissänsä (inessive plural)
rikkeestään (elative singular)
rikkeestänsä (elative singular)
rikkeistään (elative plural)
rikkeistänsä (elative plural)
rikkeeseensä (illative singular)
rikkeisiinsä (illative plural)
rikkeihinsä (illative plural)
rikkeellään (adessive singular)
rikkeellänsä (adessive singular)
rikkeillään (adessive plural)
rikkeillänsä (adessive plural)
rikkeeltään (ablative singular)
rikkeeltänsä (ablative singular)
rikkeiltään (ablative plural)
rikkeiltänsä (ablative plural)
rikkeelleen (allative singular)
rikkeellensä (allative singular)
rikkeilleen (allative plural)
rikkeillensä (allative plural)
rikkeenään (essive singular)
rikkeenänsä (essive singular)
rikkeinään (essive plural)
rikkeinänsä (essive plural)
rikkeekseen (singular translative)
rikkeeksensä (singular translative)
rikkeikseen (plural translative)
rikkeiksensä (plural translative)
rikkeettään (abessive singular)
rikkeettänsä (abessive singular)
rikkeittään (abessive plural)
rikkeittänsä (abessive plural)
rikkeineen (comitative plural)
rikkeinensä (comitative plural)

Derived from the verb rikkoa (“to break”) + -e.

(law) minor offence/offense, misdemeanor, infraction


cat's-paw

en-noun

cat's-paw (plural cat's-paws or cats'-paws)

cat's-paws (plural)
cats'-paws (plural)
cat's paw (alternative)
catspaw (alternative)

From cat + paw. In most senses, due to a resemblance of shape. In its senses as a pawn to another's interests or analysis, variant of earlier cat's-foot, derived from European tales of a monkey (attested as early as 1456 but sometimes misattributed to the 16th-century monkey of Pope Julius II) who used a sleeping puppy or cat's foot to rake hot chestnuts out of a fire, taken as a metaphor for rulers' ill use of their subjects. Now usually understood in light of Jean de La Fontaine's 1679 fable of the "The Monkey and the Cat" (sometimes misattributed to Aesop), in which the monkey fools the cat into removing the chestnuts through flattery and promises of shared reward. The cat removes the chestnuts one by one, burning his paw while the monkey eats each in turn. A maid then enters and chases them both away. La Fontaine's moral concludes that princes should not endure real losses for mere flattery from their king.

dupe

one unwittingly used for another's purposes

an unrelated metaphor from a separate story

pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire

(US law) A supervisor whose reliance on a subordinate's analysis is so complete as to render him or her liable for the subordinate's animus or other misconduct towards a third employee.


culprit

From Anglo-Norman cul. prit, contraction of culpable: prest (d'averrer nostre bille) 'guilty: ready (to prove our case)', words used by prosecutor in opening a trial, mistaken in English for an address to the defendant. See culpable. It may have been influenced by Latin culpa (“blame, fault”).

(UK, law) A prisoner accused but not yet tried.


moratorium

moratorium (plural moratoriums or moratoria)

/ˌmɒ.ɹəˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/

/ˌmɔː.ɹəˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/

New Latin from Late Latin morātōrium, noun use of the neuter of morātōrius (“moratory, delaying”), from Latin moror (“I delay”), from mora (“delay”), from Proto-Indo-European *mere (“to delay, hinder”). See also moratory.

der

(law) An authorization to a debtor, permitting temporary suspension of payments.

اِسْتِمْهَال

authorization permitting temporary suspension of payments

otsróčka po platežám i finánsovym objazátelʹstvam

отсро́чка по платежа́м и фина́нсовым обяза́тельствам


deponent

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-deponent.wav

From Latin dēpōnēns (“laying aside”), the present active participle of dēpōnō (“lay aside”), from dē- + pōnō (“put, place”). The name comes from the idea that such verbs were originally reflexive and then later "laid aside" their passive meanings.

The said William Aitken, being of new solemnly sworn, &c., depones he is a Burgess of Hawick, and had the property of a house which he now liferents, the fee being disponed to his son-in-law, Bailie Robert Scot, for the use of his son William, his daughter, Bailie Scot's wife, having paid the price of the house; depones sixty years ago Gilbert Elliot was tenant in Nether Southfield, who broke Hawick Common by plowing a part of it, which the Deponent saw at the Common-Riding when the Magistrates and other persons at the Common-Riding potched the ground he had plowed, and was then sown that he might not reap the crop of this.

1898, R. S. Craig, Adam Laing, The Hawick Tradition of 1514: The Town's Common Flag and Seal, page 240:

(law) A witness; especially one who gives information under oath, in a deposition concerning facts known to him or her.


script

en-noun

script (countable and uncountable, plural scripts)

From Middle English scrit, borrowed from Old French escrit, from Latin scriptum (something written), from scrībō (“write”).

(countable, law) An original instrument or document.

dorëshkrim

(law) an original instrument or document


show trial

We demand an end to these "Revere" showtrials. The indictments were drawn through forced testimony of gay youth and coerced testimony of gay men. The indictments were inspired by those seeking to use homophobia for political purposes. The trial is now being used by those who would exploit hatred of homsexuals.

1978 December 23, John Mitzel, Charley Shively, Ed Hougen, Tom Reeves, “Boston/Boise Committee”, in Gay Community News, volume 6, number 22, page 5:

(law) A trial held for appearance's sake, but whose verdict is predetermined, especially a "guilty" verdict with the purpose of making an example of the accused.


mischief

mischief (countable and uncountable, plural mischiefs)

From Middle English myschef, meschef, meschief, mischef, from Old French meschief, from meschever (“to bring to grief”), from mes- (“badly”) + chever (“happen; come to a head”), from Vulgar Latin *capare, from Latin caput (“head”).

(law) A criminal offence defined in various ways in various jurisdictions, sometimes including causing damage to another's property.


respondent

(law) A defendant, especially in a case instituted by a petition or in appellate and divorce proceedings.


patent

patent (countable and uncountable, plural patents)

The noun is derived from Middle English patent (“document granting an office, property, right, title, etc.; document granting permission, licence; papal indulgence, pardon”) [and other forms], which is either:
* a clipping of lettre patent, lettres patente, lettres patentes [and other forms]; or
* directly from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (modern French patent), a clipping of Anglo-Norman lettres patentes, Middle French lettres patentes, lettre patente, and Old French patentes lettres (“document granting an office, privilege, right, etc., or making a decree”) (compare Late Latin patēns, littera patēns, litterae patentēs).
For the derivation of Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (adjective) in lettre patente, see etymology 2 below.
The verb is derived from the noun.

nb...

patent lettre, patent lettres, patente lettre, patente lettres

der

[ˈpʰæ̝ʔn̩t̚]

[ˈpʰe̞ɪʔn̩t̚]

[…] Squib proved clearly by his patent that the house and office did now belong to him.

1660 February 20 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys, Mynors Bright, transcriber, “February 10th, 1659–1660”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume I, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893, →OCLC, page 52:

Philip of Spain had offered a reward of 25,000 crowns, a patent of nobility, and immunity for all past crimes, to the assassinator of the Prince of Orange.

1858, John M. Neale, A History of the So-called Jansenist Church of Holland, page 116:

An official document granting an appointment, privilege, or right, or some property or title; letters patent.

(originally) A grant of a monopoly over the manufacture, sale, and use of goods.

mana waihanga

The patent situation, too, played a part in this, as often a firm sought to produce something which would achieve a given result, and yet not infringe a patent held by another; or a railway engineer would think of a device of his own that would free him of obligation to some manufacturer.

1951, T. S. Lascelles, “British Railway Signalling Since 1925”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 226:

The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.

2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, London: Economist Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-03-26, page 55:

A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.

بَرَاءَة اِخْتِرَاع

(US, historical) A specific grant of ownership of a piece of real property; a land patent.

maaoikeus

specific grant of ownership of a piece of property