A

From the Etruscan letter 𐌀 (a), from the Ancient Greek letter Α (A, “alpha”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (ʾ, “aleph”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓃾.


PM

en-noun

PM (countable and uncountable, plural PMs)

PMs (plural)
P.M. (alternative)
p.m. (alternative)


point

→ Danish: point

→ Dutch: punt

→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng

→ Persian: پوئن (pu'an)

→ Polish: pointa

→ Swedish: poäng

→ Turkish: puan

Inherited from Middle French poinct (with orthography modified to reflect the Latin etymology), from Old French point, from Latin punctum.


derecho

derechos (plural)
drecho (alternative obsolete regional)

→ English: derecho

→ Papiamentu: derecho, drechi

Inherited from Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin *dērēctus, from Latin dīrectus. Doublet of directo.

Las puntadas que se realizan no deben traspasar la tela y, por lo tanto, no debe verse por el derecho.

2014, Juliana Vaquero González, Planchado y arreglo de ropa en alojamientos, Ideaspropias Editorial, →ISBN, page 163:

The stitches made should not go through the fabric, and, therefore, should not be seen on the right side.

right (the outward or most finished surface, as of a coin, piece of cloth, a carpet, etc.)

(textiles) right side (The side of a fabric that is intended to face outward on a finished project)


increase

increase (countable and uncountable, plural increases)

increases (plural)
encrease (alternative)

From Middle English encresen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman encreistre, from Latin increscere (“to increase”), from in (“in, on”) + crescō (“grow”).
The noun is from Middle English encres, from the verb.

(knitting) The creation of one or more new stitches; see Increase (knitting).


Cyprus

cypres (alternative obsolete)
cypress (alternative)

From Latin Cyprus, from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros).

Seated in an arm-chair, covered with cloth of gold, was the Queen; her robe was of black velvet, edged with the richest sable; and the diadem at the back of her head confined the folds of a long black Cyprus veil.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 131:

(historical, textiles) A thin, translucent, usually black fabric, a kind of crape.


shuttle

→ Dutch: shuttle

→ Italian: shuttle

→ Japanese: シャトル (shatoru)

→ Korean: 셔틀 (syeoteul)

From a merger of two words:
* Middle English shutel, shotel, schetel, schettell, schyttyl, scutel (“bar; bolt”), from Old English sċyttel, sċutel (“bar; bolt”), equivalent to shut + -le
* Middle English shutel, schetil, shotil, shetel, schootyll, shutyll, schytle, scytyl (“missile; projectile; spear”), from Old English sċytel, sċutel (“dart, arrow”), from Proto-Germanic *skutilaz.
The name for a loom weaving instrument, recorded from 1338, is from a sense of being "shot" across the threads. The back-and-forth imagery inspired the extension to "passenger trains" in 1895, aircraft in 1942, and spacecraft in 1969, as well as older terms such as shuttlecock.

My dayes are ſwifter then a weauers ſhuttle, and are ſpent without hope.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 7:6:

Like shuttles through the loom, so swiftly glide
My feather'd hours, and all my hopes deride!.

1638, George Sandys, A Paraphrase upon Job:

By placing the sword edgewise, the weaver keeps the countershed open, in order to shoot through the shuttle.

2013 November 11, Claus-Dieter Brauns, “Food and Clothing”, in Mru: Hill People on the Border of Bangladesh, Basel: Birkhäuser, page 131:

(weaving) A tool used to carry the woof back and forth between the warp threads on a loom.


inc

Change to larger needles and knit 1 rnd in CC, inc 3 (4, 5) sts evenly[…]

2011, Barb Brown, Knitting Knee-Highs: Sock Styles from Classic to Contemporary, page 55:


small

en-adj

small (comparative smaller, superlative smallest)

smaller (comparative)
smallest (superlative)

From Middle English smal, from Old English smæl (“small, narrow, slender”), from Proto-Germanic *smalaz (“small”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mal-, *(s)mel- (“small, mean, malicious”). Cognate with Scots smal; sma (“small”); West Frisian smel (“narrow”); Dutch smal (“narrow”); German schmal (“narrow, small”); Low German small (“narrow”); Danish, Norwegian, Swedish smal (“narrow; thin; slender”); Latin malus (“bad”); Russian ма́лый (mályj, “small”).

inh

better to light one small candle than to curse the darkness

I'll have a small coffee, thanks.

(especially clothing, food or drink) That is small (the manufactured size).


small

en-noun

small (countable and uncountable, plural smalls)

(uncountable, especially clothing, food or drink) One of several common sizes to which an item may be manufactured.

Two smalls and a large, please.

(countable, especially clothing, food or drink) An item labelled or denoted as being that size.


Italian

Italian (countable and uncountable, plural Italians)

From Middle English Italian, from Medieval Latin Italiānus, from Latin Italia (“Italy”).

(countable, textiles) Ellipsis of Italian cloth.


chain

From Middle English cheyne, chaine, from Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to braid, twist; hut, shed”). Doublet of catena. Displaced native Middle English rakil and rakent (from Old English racente (“chain”)); see rackan.

der

a chain is only as strong as its weakest link

Edward H[enry] Knight
w:Edward H. Knight


rice

From Middle English ris, rys, from Old English hrīs (“branch; twig”), from Proto-Germanic *hrīsą (“bush; twig”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreys- (“to turn; bend; wind; move; shake”). Cognate with Scots reise, rice (“twigs; brushwood”), West Frisian riis, rys, Dutch rijs (“little branch; twig; osier; whip”), German Low German Ries, German Reis (“twig; sprig; shoot”), Swedish ris (“twigs; brush; rod”), Icelandic hrís.

cog

[…] taken unlawfully from the same house five "machines called 'Engine-Weaving Loomes' worth thirty pounds, and two ounces of silke worth five shillings, and two joynt-stooles worth three shillings, and a pair of 'Rices to wind silke on' worth four shillings […]

1892, John Cordy Jeaffreson, editor, Middlesex County Records, volume 4:

The hanks are placed upon light, collapsible hexagon reels termed rices, which are easily lifted out of their position for the reception of the hank.

1895, Richard Marsden, Cotton Weaving: Its Development, Principles, and Practice:

Swift (rice) Skein holder, hank holder.

1977, Marianne Straub, Hand weaving and cloth design:


egg

nb-noun-c

egg f or m (definite singular egga or eggen, indefinite plural egger, definite plural eggene)

egga (definite singular)
eggen (definite singular)
egger (indefinite plural)
eggene (definite plural)


RS

With yarn in back, slip stitch knitwise on RS[…]

2011, Kristi Porter, Knitting Patterns For Dummies, page 41:


basin

Inherited from Old French bombasin, ultimately from Medieval Latin bombyx, bambax, from Ancient Greek πάμβαξ (pámbax, “cotton”).


MB

Row 1: K2, MB, k1, do not turn.

2011, Jane Davis, Knitting - The Complete Guide, page 145:


MC

en-noun

MC (countable and uncountable, plural MCs or MC's)

With MC, knit a row, purl a row.

2011, Kristi Porter, Knitting Patterns For Dummies, page 91:

(textiles) Initialism of matching colour.


SL

SL (countable and uncountable, plural SLs)

Work sleeve, sl raglan marker, work in ribbing as est to cable marker

2010, Julie Turjoman, Brave New Knits, page 49:


beg

Knit with MC until work measures 3 inches from beg.

2005, DRG Dynamic Resource, Big Book of Knit Hats & Scarves for Everyone, House of White Birches, page 34:


bel

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بل (bel, “waist”).

bor+

El bel era muy estrecho i las mangas eran estrechas kantidad ke non les vinia la mania al braso.

19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 262:

The waist was very narrow and the sleeves were so tight that there was barely room for their bracelets.


twit

[I]s't a cursed wab o' yarn / That winna work, for knots and twits, / Spun by some thoughtless drabby sluts, / Whase minds on naething else is carried, / But thinking when they will be married; […]

1819, James Thomson, “Verses Addressed to Mr John Wright, Tailor in Collington, on the Author’s Being Invited to the Wedding of Mr Joseph Thomson, Builder”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, new edition, Leith, Edinburgh: […] William Reid & Co. for the author, →OCLC, page 27:

(Northern England, Scotland, weaving, archaic) Clipping of twitter (“a knot or other defect in a thread or yarn which hinders spinning or weaving”).


foot

en-noun

foot (plural feet or (UK colloquial, unit of measure) foot)

feet (plural)
foot (plural)
foote (alternative obsolete)
feets (alternative dialectal)
foots (alternative nonstandard)

→ Assamese: ফুট (phut)

q

from <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">feet</i>

→ Japanese: フット (futto), フート (fūto); フィート (fīto) (from feet)

→ Russian: фут (fut)

Sranan Tongo: futu

Aukan: futu

Saramaccan: fútu

→ Swahili: futi

→ Thai: ฟุต (fút)

Tok Pisin: fut, put

→ Urdu: فٹ (fuṭ)

→ Phalura: fuṭ

From Middle English fot, fote, foot, from Old English fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Doublet of pes, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

doublet

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

you cannot put the same shoe on every foot

(sewing) The part of a sewing machine which presses downward on the fabric, and may also serve to move it forward.


mutt

mutt m (definite singular mutten, indefinite plural muttar, definite plural muttane)

mutten (definite singular)
muttar (indefinite plural)
muttane (definite plural)
mudd (alternative)

From Northern Sami muottá, genitive and accusative singular of muoddá.


kara

kara (nominative singular)
karat (nominative plural)
kara (accusative nominative singular)
karat (accusative nominative plural)
karan (accusative genitive singular)
karat (accusative genitive plural)
karan (genitive singular)
karojen (genitive plural)
karain (genitive plural rare)
karaa (partitive singular)
karoja (partitive plural)
karassa (inessive singular)
karoissa (inessive plural)
karasta (elative singular)
karoista (elative plural)
karaan (illative singular)
karoihin (illative plural)
karalla (adessive singular)
karoilla (adessive plural)
karalta (ablative singular)
karoilta (ablative plural)
karalle (allative singular)
karoille (allative plural)
karana (essive singular)
karoina (essive plural)
karaksi (singular translative)
karoiksi (plural translative)
karatta (abessive singular)
karoitta (abessive plural)
karoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
karani (nominative singular)
karani (nominative plural)
karani (accusative nominative singular)
karani (accusative nominative plural)
karani (accusative genitive singular)
karani (accusative genitive plural)
karani (genitive singular)
karojeni (genitive plural)
karaini (genitive plural rare)
karaani (partitive singular)
karojani (partitive plural)
karassani (inessive singular)
karoissani (inessive plural)
karastani (elative singular)
karoistani (elative plural)
karaani (illative singular)
karoihini (illative plural)
karallani (adessive singular)
karoillani (adessive plural)
karaltani (ablative singular)
karoiltani (ablative plural)
karalleni (allative singular)
karoilleni (allative plural)
karanani (essive singular)
karoinani (essive plural)
karakseni (singular translative)
karoikseni (plural translative)
karattani (abessive singular)
karoittani (abessive plural)
karoineni (comitative plural)
karasi (nominative singular)
karasi (nominative plural)
karasi (accusative nominative singular)
karasi (accusative nominative plural)
karasi (accusative genitive singular)
karasi (accusative genitive plural)
karasi (genitive singular)
karojesi (genitive plural)
karaisi (genitive plural rare)
karaasi (partitive singular)
karojasi (partitive plural)
karassasi (inessive singular)
karoissasi (inessive plural)
karastasi (elative singular)
karoistasi (elative plural)
karaasi (illative singular)
karoihisi (illative plural)
karallasi (adessive singular)
karoillasi (adessive plural)
karaltasi (ablative singular)
karoiltasi (ablative plural)
karallesi (allative singular)
karoillesi (allative plural)
karanasi (essive singular)
karoinasi (essive plural)
karaksesi (singular translative)
karoiksesi (plural translative)
karattasi (abessive singular)
karoittasi (abessive plural)
karoinesi (comitative plural)
karamme (nominative singular)
karamme (nominative plural)
karamme (accusative nominative singular)
karamme (accusative nominative plural)
karamme (accusative genitive singular)
karamme (accusative genitive plural)
karamme (genitive singular)
karojemme (genitive plural)
karaimme (genitive plural rare)
karaamme (partitive singular)
karojamme (partitive plural)
karassamme (inessive singular)
karoissamme (inessive plural)
karastamme (elative singular)
karoistamme (elative plural)
karaamme (illative singular)
karoihimme (illative plural)
karallamme (adessive singular)
karoillamme (adessive plural)
karaltamme (ablative singular)
karoiltamme (ablative plural)
karallemme (allative singular)
karoillemme (allative plural)
karanamme (essive singular)
karoinamme (essive plural)
karaksemme (singular translative)
karoiksemme (plural translative)
karattamme (abessive singular)
karoittamme (abessive plural)
karoinemme (comitative plural)
karanne (nominative singular)
karanne (nominative plural)
karanne (accusative nominative singular)
karanne (accusative nominative plural)
karanne (accusative genitive singular)
karanne (accusative genitive plural)
karanne (genitive singular)
karojenne (genitive plural)
karainne (genitive plural rare)
karaanne (partitive singular)
karojanne (partitive plural)
karassanne (inessive singular)
karoissanne (inessive plural)
karastanne (elative singular)
karoistanne (elative plural)
karaanne (illative singular)
karoihinne (illative plural)
karallanne (adessive singular)
karoillanne (adessive plural)
karaltanne (ablative singular)
karoiltanne (ablative plural)
karallenne (allative singular)
karoillenne (allative plural)
karananne (essive singular)
karoinanne (essive plural)
karaksenne (singular translative)
karoiksenne (plural translative)
karattanne (abessive singular)
karoittanne (abessive plural)
karoinenne (comitative plural)
karansa (nominative singular)
karansa (nominative plural)
karansa (accusative nominative singular)
karansa (accusative nominative plural)
karansa (accusative genitive singular)
karansa (accusative genitive plural)
karansa (genitive singular)
karojensa (genitive plural)
karainsa (genitive plural rare)
karaansa (partitive singular)
karojaan (partitive plural)
karojansa (partitive plural)
karassaan (inessive singular)
karassansa (inessive singular)
karoissaan (inessive plural)
karoissansa (inessive plural)
karastaan (elative singular)
karastansa (elative singular)
karoistaan (elative plural)
karoistansa (elative plural)
karaansa (illative singular)
karoihinsa (illative plural)
karallaan (adessive singular)
karallansa (adessive singular)
karoillaan (adessive plural)
karoillansa (adessive plural)
karaltaan (ablative singular)
karaltansa (ablative singular)
karoiltaan (ablative plural)
karoiltansa (ablative plural)
karalleen (allative singular)
karallensa (allative singular)
karoilleen (allative plural)
karoillensa (allative plural)
karanaan (essive singular)
karanansa (essive singular)
karoinaan (essive plural)
karoinansa (essive plural)
karakseen (singular translative)
karaksensa (singular translative)
karoikseen (plural translative)
karoiksensa (plural translative)
karattaan (abessive singular)
karattansa (abessive singular)
karoittaan (abessive plural)
karoittansa (abessive plural)
karoineen (comitative plural)
karoinensa (comitative plural)

pin, spindle, rod (machine part, often relatively long and narrow, used either as an axle or support)

(weaving) core of a pirn (in a weaving shuttle)


remonta

(clothing) decorative patch that used to adorn male dressing pieces


suka

pl-noun

suka f (diminutive suczka, related adjective suczy)

suczka (diminutive)
suczy (adjective)
suka (nominative singular)
suki (nominative plural)
suki (genitive singular)
suk (genitive plural)
suce (dative singular)
sukom (dative plural)
sukę (accusative singular)
suki (accusative plural)
suką (instrumental singular)
sukami (instrumental plural)
suce (locative singular)
sukach (locative plural)
suko (singular vocative)
suki (plural vocative)

→ Vilamovian: su̇ka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sùka. Sense 3 from an association with pies (“dog, slang: cop”).

(Przemyśl, weaving) particular component of a weaving workshop


race

en-noun

race (countable and uncountable, plural races)

From Middle English race, partially from Old English rǣs (“a race, swift or violent running, rush, onset”), from Proto-West Germanic *rās; and partially from Old Norse rás (“a running, race”); both from Proto-Germanic *rēsō (“a course”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁s- (“to flow, rush”). Cognate with Middle Low German râs ("a strong current"; whence German Low German Raas (“mad rush, rage, fury”)), Dutch ras (“a strong whirling current”), Danish ræs, Norwegian and Swedish ras, Norwegian rås.

gl

"a strong current"; whence German Low German <i class="Latn mention" lang="nds-de">Raas</i> (“mad rush, rage, fury”)

I have lately seen a shuttle machine of Messrs. Grover Baker's construction, in which the shuttle worked in a semi-circular race and produced two stitches at each revolution of the wheel.

1860, Charles Cole, The Sewing Machine, and its Capabilities, page 53:

Meanwhile another lug on the shuttle-band engages another carrier at the other end of the loom, and the belt, continuing to move in the same direction, conveys the carrier across the race in a similar manner as above described.

1872 November 29, “Improved Loom for Weaving Fabrics of Any Width”, in The English Mechanic and Word of Science, volume 16, number 401, page 259:

A guide or channel that a component of a machine moves along:

(sewing, weaving) A groove on a sewing machine or a loom along which the shuttle moves.


race

en-verb

race (third-person singular simple present races, present participle racing, simple past and past participle raced)

races (present singular third-person)
racing (participle present)
raced (participle past)
raced (past)
race (infinitive)
race (first-person present singular)
raced (first-person past singular)
race (present second-person singular)
racest (archaic present second-person singular)
raced (past second-person singular)
racedst (archaic past second-person singular)
races (present singular third-person)
raceth (archaic present singular third-person)
raced (past singular third-person)
race (plural present)
raced (past plural)
race (present subjunctive)
raced (past subjunctive)
race (imperative present)
racing (participle present)
raced (participle past)

A variant of raze.
From Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to rend; to cleave; etc”), from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French raser, and Old French raser (“to shave; to demolish”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch”). Doublet of rash (etymology 2 and etymology 7).

ranch

to cut, scratch, or tear, especially deeply

rash

to hack, slash, or slice (something); to scrape or scratch (something)

(obsolete) To physically destroy; to obliterate:

(clothing, footwear) To make a cut or slash in (an item of clothing or footwear) as a decoration.


bet

insert right-hand needle bet 2 sts just knitted

1998, Kristin Nicholas, Knitting the New Classics, page 63:


fell

en-verb

fell (third-person singular simple present fells, present participle felling, simple past and past participle felled)

fells (present singular third-person)
felling (participle present)
felled (participle past)
felled (past)

From Middle English fellen, from Old English fellan, fiellan (“to cause to fall, strike down, fell, cut down, throw down, defeat, destroy, kill, tumble, cause to stumble”), from Proto-West Germanic *fallijan, from Proto-Germanic *fallijaną (“to fell, to cause to fall”), causative of Proto-Germanic *fallaną (“to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂peh₃lH-.
Cognate with Dutch vellen (“to fell, cut down”), German fällen (“to fell”), Danish fælde (“to fell”), Norwegian felle (“to fell”).

inh

To fell seam allowances, catch the lining underneath before emerging 1/4" (6mm) ahead, and 1/8" (3mm) to 1/4" (6mm) into the seam allowance.

2006, Colette Wolff, The Art of Manipulating Fabric, page 296:

(sewing) To stitch down a protruding flap of fabric, as a seam allowance, or pleat.

päärmätä

sewing: to stitch down a protruding flap of fabric, as a seam allowance, or pleat


fell

(textiles) The end of a web, formed by the last thread of the weft.


fit

is-noun

fit f (genitive singular fitjar, nominative plural fitjar)

fitjar (genitive singular)
fitjar (nominative plural)
fit (indefinite nominative singular)
fitin (definite nominative singular)
fitjar (indefinite nominative plural)
fitjarnar (definite nominative plural)
fit (accusative indefinite singular)
fitina (accusative definite singular)
fitjar (accusative indefinite plural)
fitjarnar (accusative definite plural)
fit (dative indefinite singular)
fitinni (dative definite singular)
fitjum (dative indefinite plural)
fitjunum (dative definite plural)
fitjar (genitive indefinite singular)
fitjarinnar (definite genitive singular)
fitja (genitive indefinite plural)
fitjanna (definite genitive plural)


fly

From Middle English flye (“flying, flight”), from Old English flyge (“flying, flight”), from Proto-Germanic *flugiz.

дюкян

strip that hides the opening of trousers/pants or underpants

(weaving) A shuttle driven through the shed by a blow or jerk.


dart

From Middle English dart, from Old French dart, dard (“dart”), from Medieval Latin dardus, from Frankish *darōþu (“dart, spear”), from Proto-Germanic *darōþuz (“dart, spear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”).
Compare Old High German tart (“javelin, dart”), Old English daroþ, dearod (“javelin, spear, dart”), Swedish dart (“dart, dagger”), Icelandic darraður, darr, dör (“dart, spear”).

der

Somehow she managed, with a cinched waist here and a few darts there, to look like a Hollywood star.

(sewing) A fold that is stitched on a garment.


cable

Recorded since c.1205 as Middle English cable, from Old Northern French cable, from Late Latin capulum (“lasso, rope, halter”), from Latin capiō (“to take, seize”). Use of the term "cable" to refer to the USD/GBP exchange rate originated in the mid-19th century, when the exchange rate began to be transmitted across the Atlantic by a submarine communications cable.

կաբելային

communications system with coaxial or fiber optic

(knitting) A textural pattern achieved by passing groups of stitches over one another.


cable

en-verb

cable (third-person singular simple present cables, present participle cabling, simple past and past participle cabled)

cables (present singular third-person)
cabling (participle present)
cabled (participle past)
cabled (past)

You've been cabling, twisting, popcorning and bobbling. See, we told you that they weren't so hard.

2008, Leisure Arts, I Can't Believe I'm Knitting Cables, page 9:


shirt

→ Fiji Hindi: sat

From Middle English sherte, shurte, schirte, from Old English sċyrte (“a short garment; skirt; kirtle”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurtijā, from Proto-Germanic *skurtijǭ (“a short garment, skirt, apron”), from *skurtaz (“short”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Schoarte (“apron”), Dutch schort (“apron”), German Schürze (“apron”), Danish skjorte (“shirt”), Norwegian skjorte (“shirt”), Swedish skjorta (“shirt”), Faroese skjúrta (“shirt”), Icelandic skyrta (“shirt”).
Doublet of skirt via Old Norse; further related to short.

inh

It can take a while to learn how to iron a shirt properly.

She had her shertes & gyrdyls of heere.

1509, John Fisher, A Mornynge Remembraunce […] :

Several persons in December had nothing over their shoulders but their shirts.

1705, J[oseph] Addison, Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

Holt was furious referee Michael Oliver refused to then award him a penalty after Ledley King appeared to pull his shirt and his anger was compounded when Spurs immediately levelled.

2012 April 9, Mandeep Sanghera, “Tottenham 1 - 2 Norwich”, in BBC Sport:

(clothing) An article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.

เสื้อเชิ้ต

sʉ̂ʉa-chə́ət


card

en-noun

card (countable and uncountable, plural cards)

→ Bengali: কার্ড (karḍo)

→ Burmese: ကတ် (kat)

→ Chinese: 卡 (kǎ)

→ Gujarati: કાર્ડ (kārḍ)

→ Hausa: kati

→ Hindi: कार्ड (kārḍ)

→ Italian: card

→ Japanese: カード (kādo)

→ Korean: 카드 (kadeu)

→ Malay: kad

→ Pashto: کارډ (kārḍ)

Pitcairn-Norfolk: kaad

→ Sinhalese: කාඩ් (kāḍ)

→ Swahili: kadi

→ Tagalog: kard

→ Urdu: کارڈ (kārḍ)

From Middle English carde (“playing card”), from Old French carte, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “paper, papyrus”). Doublet of chart.

der

(weaving) A perforated pasteboard or sheet-metal plate for warp threads, making part of the Jacquard apparatus of a loom.


card

From Middle English carde, Old French carde, from Old Occitan carda, deverbal from cardar, from Late Latin *carito, from Latin carō (“to comb with a card”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

(dated, textiles) A comb- or brush-like device or tool to raise the nap on a fabric.

(textiles) A hand-held tool formed similarly to a hairbrush but with bristles of wire or other rigid material. It is used principally with raw cotton, wool, hair, or other natural fibers to prepare these materials for spinning into yarn or thread on a spinning wheel, with a whorl or other hand-held spindle. The card serves to untangle, clean, remove debris from, and lay the fibers straight.

kaardplank

hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning

(dated, textiles) A machine for disentangling the fibres of wool prior to spinning.

kaardrol

machine for disentagling the fibres of wool prior to spinning


card

en-verb

card (third-person singular simple present cards, present participle carding, simple past and past participle carded)

cards (present singular third-person)
carding (participle present)
carded (participle past)
carded (past)

From Middle English carden, from Old French carder, from carde (“cotton card”); see Etymology 2 for more.

"Isn't that true, Bertha? " asked the smith. "Yes, every word of it, my lad," said Mother Bertha, who was sitting near the hearth carding.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 252:

(textiles) To use a carding device to disentangle the fibres of wool prior to spinning.


weight

weight (third-person singular simple present weights, present participle weighting, simple past and past participle weighted)

weights (present singular third-person)
weighting (participle present)
weighted (participle past)
weighted (past)
waight (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English weight, weiȝte, weght, wight, from Old English wiht, ġewiht (“weight”), from Proto-Germanic *wihtiz ("weight"; compare *weganą (“to move”)), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to move; pull; draw; drive”). Equivalent to weigh + -th (abstract nominal suffix).
Cognate with Scots wecht, weicht (“weight”), Saterland Frisian Wächte (“scale”), Gewicht (“weight”), West Frisian gewicht (“weight”), Dutch gewicht (“weight”), German Low German Wicht, Gewicht (“weight”), German Wucht (“massiveness, force”), Gewicht (“weight”).

gloss

"weight"; compare <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*weganą</i> (“to move”)

inh

(transitive) To add weight to something; to make something heavier.

(transitive, dyeing) To load (fabrics) with barite, etc. to increase the weight.


simple

Inherited from Middle English symple, simple, from Old French and French simple, from Latin simplex (“simple”, literally “onefold”) (as opposed to duplex (“double”, literally “twofold”)), from semel (“the same”) + plicō (“I fold”). See same and fold. Compare single, singular, simultaneous, etc.
Partially displaced native English onefold.

der

(weaving) Part of the apparatus for raising the heddles of a drawloom.


button

→ German: Button

→ Hindi: बटन (baṭan)

→ Gujarati: બટન (baṭan)

→ Korean: 버튼 (beoteun)

→ Maori: pātene

→ Marathi: बटण (baṭaṇ)

→ Urdu: بَٹَن (baṭan)

From Middle English boton, botoun, from Old French boton (Modern French bouton), from Old French bouter, boter (“to push; thrust”), ultimately from a Germanic language. Doublet of Biden and beat. More at butt.

I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me. I look upon notoriety with the same indifference as on the buttons on a man's shirt-front, or the crest on his note-paper.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Rather should it be said that these ladies wore dress of military style, since there was nothing uniform about their outfits, one being in powder-blue with silver buttons and a forage-cap, the other in tan with gold buttons and the dinkiest of red-peaked kepis.

1961, Xavier Herbert, Soldiers' Women, Netley, SA: Fontana Books, published 1978, page 88:

April fastened the buttons of her overcoat to keep out the wind.

(clothing) A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener.

knoop

knob or small disc serving as a fastener


coat

en-noun

coat (countable and uncountable, plural coats)

coats (plural)
cote (alternative obsolete)

Sranan Tongo: koto

→ Swahili: koti

(South Wales) Welsh: cot

(North Wales) Welsh: côt

From Middle English cote, coate, cotte, from Old French cote, cotte (“outer garment with sleeves”), from Latin cotta (“undercoat, tunic”), from Proto-Germanic *kuttô, *kuttǭ (“cowl, woolen cloth, coat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷewd-, *gud- (“woolen clothes”).
Cognate with Old High German kozza, kozzo (“woolen coat”) (German Kotze (“coarse woolen blanket; woolen cape”)), Middle Low German kot (“coat”), Middle Dutch cote (“coat”), Ancient Greek βεῦδος (beûdos, “woman's attire”).

cog

It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. He wore shepherd's plaid trousers and the swallow-tail coat of the day, with a figured muslin cravat wound about his wide-spread collar.

1906, Stanley J[ohn] Weyman, chapter I, in Chippinge Borough, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co., →OCLC, page 01:

Mind you, clothes were clothes in those days.[…]Frills, ruffles, flounces, lace, complicated seams and gores: not only did they sweep the ground and have to be held up in one hand elegantly as you walked along, but they had little capes or coats or feather boas.

1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part II, London: Collins, →ISBN:

(countable, clothing) An outer garment covering the upper torso and arms.

pallto

(portata eksterdome, vintre aŭ ĝenerale en malvarma vetero) palto


overshot

/ˈəʊ.vəˌʃɒt/

/ˈoʊ.vɚˌʃɑt/

(weaving) A pattern resulting from a plainweave ground fabric and floats of supplemental weft, associated with coverlets in the colonial United States.


rang

→ Catalan: rang

→ German: Rang

→ Romanian: rang

→ Italian: rango

→ Piedmontese: rangh

→ Haitian Creole: ran

→ Russian: ранг (rang)

→ Sicilian: rangu, rannu

→ Spanish: rango

Inherited from Middle French ranc, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle”). Cognate with Dutch ring, German Ring, English ring.


shed

en-verb

shed (third-person singular simple present sheds, present participle shedding, simple past and past participle shed or (nonstandard) shedded)

sheds (present singular third-person)
shedding (participle present)
shed (participle past)
shed (past)
shedded (nonstandard participle past)
shedded (nonstandard past)

From Middle English scheden, schede, from Old English scēadan, scādan (“to separate, divide, part, make a line of separation between; remove from association or companionship; distinguish, discriminate, decide, determine, appoint; shatter, shed; expound; decree; write down; differ”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþan, from Proto-Germanic *skaiþaną (compare West Frisian skiede, Dutch and German scheiden), from Proto-Indo-European *skeyt- (“to cut, part, divide, separate”), from *skey-.
See also Irish scian (“knife”), Lithuanian skėsti (“to spread”), ski̇́esti (“to separate”), Old Church Slavonic цѣдити (cěditi, “to filter, strain”), Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “to split”), Old Armenian ցտեմ (cʻtem, “to scratch”), Sanskrit च्यति (cyáti, “he cuts off”)). Related to shoad, shit, sheath.

cog

(weaving) To divide, as the warp threads, so as to form a shed, or passageway, for the shuttle.


shed

sheds (plural)
shode (alternative)
shead (alternative)
shede (alternative)

From Middle English sched, schede, schad, from a combination of Old English scēada (“a parting of the hair, top of the head”) and Old English ġesċēad (“distinction, reason”).

der

(weaving) An area between upper and lower warp yarns through which the weft is woven.


shoot

Catalan: xut

Portuguese: chuto

From Middle English shoten, from Old English scēotan, from Proto-West Germanic *skeutan, from Proto-Germanic *skeutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwd-e-ti, from *(s)kewd- (“to shoot, throw”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian sjitte, Low German scheten, Dutch schieten, German schießen, Danish skyde, Norwegian Bokmål skyte, Norwegian Nynorsk skyta, Swedish skjuta; and also, through Indo-European, with Russian кида́ть (kidátʹ), Albanian hedh (“to throw, toss”), Persian چست (čost, “quick, active”), Lithuanian skudrùs.

(weaving) A weft thread shot through the shed by the shuttle; a pick.


string

nl-noun

string m (plural strings, diminutive stringetje n)

strings (plural)
stringetje (diminutive neuter)


cotton

en-noun

cotton (usually uncountable, plural cottons)

From Middle English cotoun, from Anglo-Norman cotun, Old French coton, from (Genoese) Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun).

Now that she had rested and had fed from the luncheon tray Mrs. Broome had just removed, she had reverted to her normal gaiety. She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 2, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

(uncountable, textiles) Textiles made from the fiber harvested from a cotton plant, especially Gossypium.


comb

From Middle English comb, from Old English camb (“comb”), from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (“comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth”), a doublet of cam. The verb is derived from the noun and displaced the older verb kemb.
Cognates
Compare Saterland Frisian Koum, Swedish/Dutch kam, Norwegian kam, German Kamm); also Tocharian B keme, Lithuanian žam̃bas (“sharp edge”), Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ), Albanian dhëmb, Ancient Greek γομφίος (gomphíos, “backtooth, molar”), Sanskrit जम्भ (jambha)).

cog

(weaving) A toothed wooden pick used to push the weft thread tightly against the previous pass of thread to create a tight weave.


brake

Late Middle English, from Middle Low German brake, Dutch braak, Old Dutch braeke; possibly related to sense 1.

(textiles) A tool used for breaking flax or hemp.

мъначка

tool for crushing and beating flax or hemp


collar

ca-verb

collar (first-person singular present collo, first-person singular preterite collí, past participle collat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/

collar (canonical)
root stress: (canonical)
ɔ (canonical)
collo (first-person present singular)
collí (first-person preterite singular)
collat (participle past)
collar (infinitive)
collant (gerund)
collat (masculine participle past singular)
collada (feminine participle past singular)
collats (masculine participle past plural)
collades (feminine participle past plural)
collo (first-person indicative present singular)
colles (indicative present second-person singular)
colla (indicative present singular third-person)
collem (first-person indicative plural present)
colleu (indicative plural present second-person)
collen (indicative plural present third-person)
collava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
collaves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
collava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
collàvem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
collàveu (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
collaven (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
collaré (first-person future indicative singular)
collaràs (future indicative second-person singular)
collarà (future indicative singular third-person)
collarem (first-person future indicative plural)
collareu (future indicative plural second-person)
collaran (future indicative plural third-person)
collí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
collares (indicative preterite second-person singular)
collà (indicative preterite singular third-person)
collàrem (first-person indicative plural preterite)
collàreu (indicative plural preterite second-person)
collaren (indicative plural preterite third-person)
collaria (conditional first-person indicative singular)
collaries (conditional indicative second-person singular)
collaria (conditional indicative singular third-person)
collaríem (conditional first-person indicative plural)
collaríeu (conditional indicative plural second-person)
collarien (conditional indicative plural third-person)
colli (first-person present singular subjunctive)
collis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
colli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
collem (first-person plural present subjunctive)
colleu (plural present second-person subjunctive)
collin (plural present subjunctive third-person)
collés (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
collessis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
collés (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
colléssim (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
colléssiu (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
collessin (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
colla (imperative second-person)
colli (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular)
collem (first-person imperative plural)
colleu (imperative plural second-person)
collin (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically)
no collis (imperative negative second-person)
no colli (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular)
no collem (first-person imperative negative plural)
no colleu (imperative negative plural second-person)
no collin (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically)

From the action of securing a yoke around the coll (“neck”) of an animal.

(textiles) to adjust a collador (“heddle”)


narrow

en-verb

narrow (third-person singular simple present narrows, present participle narrowing, simple past and past participle narrowed)

narrows (present singular third-person)
narrowing (participle present)
narrowed (participle past)
narrowed (past)
narrowe (alternative)

From Middle English narwen (“to narrow”); see there for more details, but ultimately derived from the noun.

(knitting) To contract the size of, as a stocking, by taking two stitches into one.


sword

swords (plural)
swerd (alternative obsolete)
sweard (alternative obsolete)
swoord (alternative obsolete)
swoorde (alternative obsolete)
sworde (alternative obsolete)

→ Japanese: ソード

→ Maori: hoari

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

from Old English sword, ancestral to most modern pronunciations

ord, corresponding to the spelling swerd, sweard

From Middle English sword, swerd, from Old English sweord (“sword”), from Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą (“sword”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂w- (“sharp”). Cognate with Scots swuird, swerd, sword (“sword”), North Frisian swird (“sword”), West Frisian swurd (“sword”), Dutch zwaard (“sword”), Low German Sweerd, Schwert (“sword”), German Schwert (“sword”), Danish sværd, Norwegian sverd, Swedish svärd (“sword”), Icelandic sverð (“sword”), Old East Slavic свьрдьлъ (svĭrdĭlŭ, “drill”).

cog

(weaving) One of the end bars by which the lay of a hand loom is suspended.


float

From Middle English flote, from Old English flota (“sailor, boat”), from Proto-West Germanic *flotō, from Proto-Germanic *flutô, from Proto-Indo-European *plewd-.

The appearance of a waffle fabric changes drastically with washing. Yarns differ, but most relax and twist and curl in the long floats when washed; the severe rectilinear design of the waffle cells in unwashed waffle weave fabric will soften dramatically.

1991, Carol Strickler, editor, A Weaver's Book of 8-Shaft Patterns, Interweave Press, →ISBN, pages 140-141:

(weaving) A weft thread that passes over two or more warp threads (or less commonly, warp over weft).

(knitting) A loose strand of yarn that passes behind one or more stitches when knitting with multiple yarns.


decrease

en-noun

decrease (countable and uncountable, plural decreases)

gain

antonym(s) of “amount by which a quantity decreases or is decreased”

From Middle English decresen, alteration of discresen, from Anglo-Norman, Old French descreistre (French: décroître), from Latin decrescere.

(knitting) A reduction in the number of stitches, usually accomplished by suspending the stitch to be decreased from another existing stitch or by knitting it together with another stitch. See Decrease (knitting).


klot

klȍt (canonical masculine)
кло̏т (Cyrillic)
klòta (alternative)


crown

→ Japanese: クラウン (kuraun)

→ Korean: 크라운 (keuraun)

→ Maori: karauna

From Middle English coroune, from Anglo-Norman corone, from Latin corōna (“crown, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Doublet of corona, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone. Displaced native Old English corenbēag (“crown”); and Middle English kinehelm, kynehelm, from Old English cynehelm (“crown”).
* (paper size): So called because originally watermarked with a crown.

doublet

Before so many of Europe's crowns came tumbling off the heads of their royal owners, Continental Europe could show a rich variety in the matter of royal trains.

1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, page 250:

en:royal, imperial or princely headdress

(clothing, monarchy) A royal, imperial or princely headdress; a diadem.


handle

desctree

→ Japanese: ハンドル (handoru)
→ Hokkien: 捍多路 (hăn-tó͘-luh)
→ Sakizaya: handulu

From Middle English handel, handle, from Old English handle (“a handle”), from handlian (“to handle, feel, deal with, discuss”). See verb below. Cognate with Danish handel (“a handle”).

(textiles) The tactile qualities of a fabric, e.g., softness, firmness, elasticity, fineness, resilience, and other qualities perceived by touch.


m

Row 1 (RS): Kfb, knit to marker A, slip marker A, knit to marker B (there are no sts to knit between markers A and B in Row 1), m1, slip marker B, k1, slip marker B, m1, […]

2011, Kristi Porter, Knitting Patterns For Dummies, page 232:


p

Knit 3, p 1, k 2, purl 1, k 2, m 1, k 2 together, k 1.

1855, Godey's Magazine, volume 51, page 71:


perch

From Middle English perche, from Old French perche, from Latin pertica (“staff”, “long pole”, “measuring rod”).

der

(textiles) A frame used to examine cloth.


perch

en-verb

perch (third-person singular simple present perches, present participle perching, simple past and past participle perched)

perches (present singular third-person)
perching (participle present)
perched (participle past)
perched (past)

(transitive, intransitive, textiles) To inspect cloth using a perch.


seem

semes (plural)
ceem (alternative)
ceme (alternative)
sem (alternative)
seme (alternative)
seyme (alternative)

English: seam

Scots: seam

Inherited from Old English sēam (“seam”), from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz. The "nail" sense is a semantic loan from Old Norse saumr.


seam

seams (plural)
seme (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English seem, seme, from Old English sēam (“seam”), from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

inh

Mind you, clothes were clothes in those days. […] Frills, ruffles, flounces, lace, complicated seams and gores: not only did they sweep the ground and have to be held up in one hand elegantly as you walked along, but they had little capes or coats or feather boas.

(sewing) A folded-back and stitched piece of fabric; especially, the stitching that joins two or more pieces of fabric.

دَرْز

folded back and stitched piece of fabric


waffle

The noun is borrowed from Dutch wafel (“waffle; wafer”), from Middle Dutch wafel, wafele, wavel, from Old Dutch *wāvila, from Proto-Germanic *wēbilǭ, *wēbilō, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”) (whence Dutch weven (“to weave”) and English weave; compare, from the same verbal root, German Wabe (“honeycomb”), given that the grid pattern of the traditional Dutch lent and holiday pastry strikingly resembles a honeycomb), and possibly reinforced by German Waffel (“waffle; wafer”). The English word is a doublet of wafer and gauffre.
The verb (“to smash”) derives from the manner in which batter is pressed into the shape of a waffle between the two halves of a waffle iron.

der

(textiles, chiefly attributively) A type of fabric woven with a honeycomb texture.


manga

Fala: manga

Galician: manga

Portuguese: manga

Inherited from Latin manica, from manus, from Proto-Italic *manus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-.

etymon

Et elle, quando esto oyu, empero que estaua muy mal ferido de morte, alynpou a cara cõna manga da loriga, et tomou a espada cõ ãbaslas mãos, coydandolle dar per çima da cabeça, et errouo et deulle hũu grã golpe eno caualo, atã grãde que lle cortou os narizes mesturado cõnas redeas.

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 399:

(clothing) sleeve (part of a garment that covers the arm)


yon

Buttonhole row: (K1, p1) 3 times, yon, k2tog, (k1,p1) 5 times, yon, k2tog, […]

2006, Heather Dixon, Not Your Mama's Knitting, page 222:


suit

desc

→ Kashubian: sut (Canada, United States)

→ Swahili: suti

From Middle English sute, borrowed from Anglo-Norman suite and Old French sieute, siute (modern suite), originally a participle adjective from Vulgar Latin *sequita (for secūta), from Latin sequi (“to follow”), because the component garments "follow each other", i.e. are worn together. See also the doublet suite. Cognate with Italian seguire and Spanish seguir. Related to sue and segue.

A canister of flour from the kitchen had been thrown at the looking-glass and lay like trampled snow over the remains of a decent blue suit with the lining ripped out which lay on top of the ruin of a plastic wardrobe.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

2013 August 3, “Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

Nick hired a navy-blue suit for the wedding.

(clothing) A set of clothes to be worn together, now especially a man's matching jacket and trousers (also business suit or lounge suit), or a similar outfit for a woman.


hem

From Middle English hem, hemm, in turn from Old English hem, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian քամել (kʻamel, “to press, wring”), Russian ком (kom, “lump”).
The verb is from Middle English hemmen, from Old English hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną, or alternatively derived from the noun.

cog

(sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.


hem

en-verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

hems (present singular third-person)
hemming (participle present)
hemmed (participle past)
hemmed (past)


браный

ru-adj

бра́ный • (brányj)

бра́ный (canonical)
brányj (romanization)
бра́ный (masculine nominative)
бра́ное (neuter nominative)
бра́ная (feminine nominative)
бра́ные (nominative plural)
бра́ного (genitive masculine neuter)
бра́ной (feminine genitive)
бра́ных (genitive plural)
бра́ному (dative masculine neuter)
бра́ной (dative feminine)
бра́ным (dative plural)
бра́ного (accusative animate masculine)
бра́ное (accusative neuter)
бра́ную (accusative feminine)
бра́ных (accusative animate plural)
бра́ный (accusative inanimate masculine)
бра́ные (accusative inanimate plural)
бра́ным (instrumental masculine neuter)
бра́ной (feminine instrumental)
бра́ною (feminine instrumental)
бра́ными (instrumental plural)
бра́ном (masculine neuter prepositional)
бра́ной (feminine prepositional)
бра́ных (plural prepositional)

(dated, textiles) patterned, adorned with a pattern or design


бёрдо

ru-noun+

бёрдо • (bjórdo) n inan (genitive бёрда, nominative plural бёрда, genitive plural бёрд)

bjórdo (romanization)
бёрда (genitive)
бёрда (nominative plural)
бёрд (genitive plural)
бёрдо (nominative singular)
бёрда (nominative plural)
бёрда (genitive singular)
бёрд (genitive plural)
бёрду (dative singular)
бёрдам (dative plural)
бёрдо (accusative singular)
бёрда (accusative plural)
бёрдом (instrumental singular)
бёрдами (instrumental plural)
бёрде (prepositional singular)
бёрдах (plural prepositional)


副

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰɯɡs, *pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ): phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Jiajie (假借) from 褔 (fù, “to be filled with”).

Han compound

褔
㽬
疈
𠠦
𤗚
㨽
*罷
擘
劈

[A]nd his wife, in her head-dress and embroidered robe, stood in her room.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

夫人副褘立于房中。

夫人副袆立于房中。

(historical, clothing) ornamental headdress worn by queens or noblewomen


柚

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) reed


機

From Middle Chinese 機 /机 (kjɨj, “mechanism; opportunity, chance”). Compare modern Min Nan reading ki.


機

From onomatopoeic はた (hata), possibly for the sound of the shuttle running back and forth, or for the sound of a woven cloth moving in the wind, compare 旗 (hata, “a flag”).


滾

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kluːnʔ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 袞 (OC *kluːnʔ)

Han compound

(sewing) to use a narrow piece of cut fabric to create an edge


經

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *keːŋ, *keːŋs): semantic 糹 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ).

Han compound

In the [fabric of] the earth’s shape, east and west are the weft; north and south are the warp; ….

Fán dìxíng, dōngxī wèi wěi, nánběi wèi jīng,.......

凡地形，東西為緯，南北為經，……。

凡地形，东西为纬，南北为经，……。

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) warp, a thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric


經

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) to wrap; to arrange strands of thread so that they run lengthwise


織

From 織り (ori), the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 織(お)る (oru, “to weave”, transitive).


kata

kata (nominative singular)
kadat (nominative plural)
kata (accusative nominative singular)
kadat (accusative nominative plural)
kadan (accusative genitive singular)
kadat (accusative genitive plural)
kadan (genitive singular)
katojen (genitive plural)
katain (genitive plural rare)
kataa (partitive singular)
katoja (partitive plural)
kadassa (inessive singular)
kadoissa (inessive plural)
kadasta (elative singular)
kadoista (elative plural)
kataan (illative singular)
katoihin (illative plural)
kadalla (adessive singular)
kadoilla (adessive plural)
kadalta (ablative singular)
kadoilta (ablative plural)
kadalle (allative singular)
kadoille (allative plural)
katana (essive singular)
katoina (essive plural)
kadaksi (singular translative)
kadoiksi (plural translative)
kadatta (abessive singular)
kadoitta (abessive plural)
kadoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
katani (nominative singular)
katani (nominative plural)
katani (accusative nominative singular)
katani (accusative nominative plural)
katani (accusative genitive singular)
katani (accusative genitive plural)
katani (genitive singular)
katojeni (genitive plural)
kataini (genitive plural rare)
kataani (partitive singular)
katojani (partitive plural)
kadassani (inessive singular)
kadoissani (inessive plural)
kadastani (elative singular)
kadoistani (elative plural)
kataani (illative singular)
katoihini (illative plural)
kadallani (adessive singular)
kadoillani (adessive plural)
kadaltani (ablative singular)
kadoiltani (ablative plural)
kadalleni (allative singular)
kadoilleni (allative plural)
katanani (essive singular)
katoinani (essive plural)
kadakseni (singular translative)
kadoikseni (plural translative)
kadattani (abessive singular)
kadoittani (abessive plural)
katoineni (comitative plural)
katasi (nominative singular)
katasi (nominative plural)
katasi (accusative nominative singular)
katasi (accusative nominative plural)
katasi (accusative genitive singular)
katasi (accusative genitive plural)
katasi (genitive singular)
katojesi (genitive plural)
kataisi (genitive plural rare)
kataasi (partitive singular)
katojasi (partitive plural)
kadassasi (inessive singular)
kadoissasi (inessive plural)
kadastasi (elative singular)
kadoistasi (elative plural)
kataasi (illative singular)
katoihisi (illative plural)
kadallasi (adessive singular)
kadoillasi (adessive plural)
kadaltasi (ablative singular)
kadoiltasi (ablative plural)
kadallesi (allative singular)
kadoillesi (allative plural)
katanasi (essive singular)
katoinasi (essive plural)
kadaksesi (singular translative)
kadoiksesi (plural translative)
kadattasi (abessive singular)
kadoittasi (abessive plural)
katoinesi (comitative plural)
katamme (nominative singular)
katamme (nominative plural)
katamme (accusative nominative singular)
katamme (accusative nominative plural)
katamme (accusative genitive singular)
katamme (accusative genitive plural)
katamme (genitive singular)
katojemme (genitive plural)
kataimme (genitive plural rare)
kataamme (partitive singular)
katojamme (partitive plural)
kadassamme (inessive singular)
kadoissamme (inessive plural)
kadastamme (elative singular)
kadoistamme (elative plural)
kataamme (illative singular)
katoihimme (illative plural)
kadallamme (adessive singular)
kadoillamme (adessive plural)
kadaltamme (ablative singular)
kadoiltamme (ablative plural)
kadallemme (allative singular)
kadoillemme (allative plural)
katanamme (essive singular)
katoinamme (essive plural)
kadaksemme (singular translative)
kadoiksemme (plural translative)
kadattamme (abessive singular)
kadoittamme (abessive plural)
katoinemme (comitative plural)
katanne (nominative singular)
katanne (nominative plural)
katanne (accusative nominative singular)
katanne (accusative nominative plural)
katanne (accusative genitive singular)
katanne (accusative genitive plural)
katanne (genitive singular)
katojenne (genitive plural)
katainne (genitive plural rare)
kataanne (partitive singular)
katojanne (partitive plural)
kadassanne (inessive singular)
kadoissanne (inessive plural)
kadastanne (elative singular)
kadoistanne (elative plural)
kataanne (illative singular)
katoihinne (illative plural)
kadallanne (adessive singular)
kadoillanne (adessive plural)
kadaltanne (ablative singular)
kadoiltanne (ablative plural)
kadallenne (allative singular)
kadoillenne (allative plural)
katananne (essive singular)
katoinanne (essive plural)
kadaksenne (singular translative)
kadoiksenne (plural translative)
kadattanne (abessive singular)
kadoittanne (abessive plural)
katoinenne (comitative plural)
katansa (nominative singular)
katansa (nominative plural)
katansa (accusative nominative singular)
katansa (accusative nominative plural)
katansa (accusative genitive singular)
katansa (accusative genitive plural)
katansa (genitive singular)
katojensa (genitive plural)
katainsa (genitive plural rare)
kataansa (partitive singular)
katojaan (partitive plural)
katojansa (partitive plural)
kadassaan (inessive singular)
kadassansa (inessive singular)
kadoissaan (inessive plural)
kadoissansa (inessive plural)
kadastaan (elative singular)
kadastansa (elative singular)
kadoistaan (elative plural)
kadoistansa (elative plural)
kataansa (illative singular)
katoihinsa (illative plural)
kadallaan (adessive singular)
kadallansa (adessive singular)
kadoillaan (adessive plural)
kadoillansa (adessive plural)
kadaltaan (ablative singular)
kadaltansa (ablative singular)
kadoiltaan (ablative plural)
kadoiltansa (ablative plural)
kadalleen (allative singular)
kadallensa (allative singular)
kadoilleen (allative plural)
kadoillensa (allative plural)
katanaan (essive singular)
katanansa (essive singular)
katoinaan (essive plural)
katoinansa (essive plural)
kadakseen (singular translative)
kadaksensa (singular translative)
kadoikseen (plural translative)
kadoiksensa (plural translative)
kadattaan (abessive singular)
kadattansa (abessive singular)
kadoittaan (abessive plural)
kadoittansa (abessive plural)
katoineen (comitative plural)
katoinensa (comitative plural)

From dialectal Swedish skata (compare standard Swedish skate).


tack

en-noun

tack (countable and uncountable, plural tacks)

From Middle English tak, takke (“hook; staple; nail”), from Old Northern French taque (“nail, pin, peg”), from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“tip; point; protrusion; prong; tine; jag; spike; twig”), of unknown origin, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dHgʰ-n-, from the root *déHgʰ- (“to pinch; to tear, rip, fray”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Takke (“bough; branch; twig”), West Frisian takke (“branch”), tûk (“branch, smart, sharp”), Dutch tak (“twig; branch; limb”), German Zacke (“jag; prong; spike; tooth; peak”).

cog

(sewing) A loose seam used to temporarily fasten pieces of cloth.


cop

Per GDLC, possibly from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, lap; fabric fold; pocket”), with influence from copa (“cup”). First attested in 1324. In some senses (e.g. "snowflake"), influenced by Spanish copo (“flake”).


tank

→ Afrikaans: tenk

→ Albanian: tank

→ Gulf Arabic: تانْكي (tānki)

→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)

→ Assamese: টেংকি (teṅki)

→ Asturian: tanque

→ Azerbaijani: tank

→ Bashkir: танк (tank)

→ Belarusian: танк (tank)

→ Bengali: ট্যাংক (ṭêṅko)

→ Burmese: တင့်ကား (tang.ka:)

→ Buryat: танк (tank)

→ Catalan: tanc

→ Chechen: танк (tank)

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 坦克 (tǎnkè)

→ Chuvash: танк (tank)

→ Czech: tank

→ Danish: tank

→ Dutch: tank

→ Dzongkha: ཏེངཀ (tengk)

→ Eastern Mari: танк (tank)

→ Estonian: tank

→ Fiji Hindi: tanki

→ Finnish: tankki

→ French: tank

→ Galician: tanque

→ Georgian: ტანკი (ṭanḳi)

→ German: Tank

→ Greek: τανκ (tank)

→ Greenlandic: tanki

→ Hebrew: טנק (tank)

desctree

→ Hindi: टंकी (ṭaṅkī)
→ Burmese: တိုင်ကီ (tuingki)

→ Hungarian: tank

→ Indonesian: tank

→ Italian: tank, tanca

→ Japanese: タンク (tanku)

→ Kazakh: танк (tank)

→ Korean: 탱크 (taengkeu)

→ Kumyk: танк (tank)

→ Kyrgyz: танк (tank)

→ Lao: ຖັງ (thang)

→ Latvian: tanks

→ Lezgi: танк (tank)

→ Lithuanian: tankas

→ Macedonian: тенк (tenk)

→ Malay: tank

→ Maori: taika

→ Norwegian: tank, tanks

→ Ossetian: танк (tank)

→ Persian: تانک (tânk)

desc

→ Portuguese: tanque (“armored vehicle”)

→ Quechua: tanki

→ Romanian: tanc

→ Romansch: tanc

desctree

→ Russian: танк (tank), танкъ (tank) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)
→ Kazakh: танк (tank)
→ Mongolian: танк (tank)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: танк (tank)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тенк

Latin script: tenk

→ Sidamo: tanke

→ Slovak: tank

→ Slovene: tank

→ Swahili: tangi

→ Tajik: танк (tank), тонк (tonk)

→ Tamil: தாங்கி (tāṅki)

→ Tatar: танк (tank)

→ Thai: ถัง (tǎng)

→ Tokelauan: tane

→ Turkish: tank

→ Turkmen: tank

→ Ukrainian: танк (tank)

→ Upper Sorbian: tank

→ Urdu: ٹینک (ṭaink)

→ Uyghur: تانكا (tanka)

→ Uzbek: tank

→ Vietnamese: xe tăng, tăng

→ Walloon: tank

→ Welsh: tanc

→ Yakut: тааҥка (taañka)

→ Yiddish: טאַנק (tank)

From Portuguese tanque (“tank, liquid container”), from an Indo-Aryan language such as Gujarati ટાંકી (ṭā̃kī, “cistern”) or Marathi टांकी (ṭāṅkī). Compare the Arabic verb اِسْتَنْقَعَ (istanqaʕa, “to become stagnant, to stagnate”).
In the sense of armoured vehicle, first attested in 1915, prototypes were described as tanks for carrying water to disguise their nature as well as due to physical resemblance.

der

T-BACK COTTON TANK

1990 November 18, “Earl’s Reebok Sale for the Holidays”, in Granite City Press-Record Journal, volume 6, number 46, Granite City, Ill., →OCLC, page 8A:

It pleased her more than she could say to know she walked on her own land, over dewed grass, wearing a tank and cotton pajama pants.

2008, Nora Roberts, Tribute, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →ISBN, page 206:

I was wearing a tank and some cotton pants.

2022, Robyn Henderson-Espinoza, Body Becoming: A Path to Our Liberation, Minneapolis, Minn.: Broadleaf Books, 1517 Media, →ISBN:

On TikTok, #wifepleaser boasts more than 11.4 million views, while #wifepleasertank has racked up 13.9 million. […] Thanks to TikTok, there has been a mass adoption of the term “wife pleaser” in an attempt to rebrand the tank.

2023 August 9, Brooke Kato, “Gen Z loves the ‘wife beater’ tee — but they’re canceling the name”, in New York Post, New York, N.Y.: News Corp, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-10:


襪

(clothing) ankle-tied silk socks, worn by high nobles in formal court dress and priests.


rd

(knitting, firearms) Abbreviation of round.


CC

en-noun

CC (countable and uncountable, plural CCs)

Change to larger needles and knit 1 rnd in CC, inc 3 (4, 5) sts evenly[…]

2011, Barb Brown, Knitting Knee-Highs: Sock Styles from Classic to Contemporary, page 55:

(knitting) Initialism of contrasting colour.


radium

radium (countable and uncountable, plural radiums)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-radium.wav

Borrowed from French radium, from rad(ioactif) (“radioactive”) + -ium (suffix used to form the names of metallic elements).

suffix

City retailers are doing well with high-class radiums printed in bright greens, brilliant purples and strong yellows. Such are the high novelties.

1913 January 11, “[Dress Fabrics […]] Silks Moving Well: An Excellent Business Assured for the Coming Spring Season”, in Dry Goods Economist, volume 67, number 3575, New York, N.Y.: The Textile Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 33, column 1:

In printed silks for outer garments and linings there are crêpe de chines, silk and cotton crêpes, georgettes, radiums and mousselines de soie. [...] [O]n radiums; Japanese print designs, silhouetted with parasols or flowers and shrubs, treated in Japanese style, on dark grounds, are employed. There are also a number of futuristic figures printed on radiums.

1920 June, “Many Novelties in French Silks”, in C. R. Clifford, editor, The American Silk Journal, volume XXXIX, number 6, New York, N.Y.: Clifford & Lawton, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 57, column 2:

Radium satins will also be used extensively in the spring season.

1922 November 18, “[Silk Goods Markets] Printed Crepes to be Leader for Spring: Radium Satins and Taffetas Will also Show Their Vantage Points”, in Textile World, volume LXII, number 21, New York, N.Y.: Bragdon, Lord & Nagle Co., →OCLC, page 73 (page 2927 overall), column 3:

Radium, a term rather loosely applied to the bulk of domestic cloths of this class, includes goods of two fairly distinct types. [...] It is often tightly woven under high tension and so finished as to produce a highly lustrous appearance. But high luster is not essential, for many high-grade radiums are given a more or less dull finish. Of whatever finish, various cloths of this type are manufactured sometimes under the designation radium and sometimes under special copyrighted names.

1926, United States Tariff Commission, “Classification of Broad Silks—Character of Domestic Production”, in Broad-silk Manufacture and the Tariff, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, section I (Classification of Broad Silks), page 114:

(textiles, dated) A type of cloth woven from silk or synthetic yarn, often with a shiny appearance.


Mo

From Middle Limburgish mou, from Proto-West Germanic *mauwu.


XL

(chiefly clothing) extra large (the manufactured size)


XL

en-noun

XL (countable and uncountable, plural XLs)

Size – L, and because of this it’s a bit small when you’re used to wearing XLs. The sleeves are particularly lilliputian

1996 December 4, Alex Lee, “Wouldn’t be seen dead in one!”, in Playstation Pro, number 1, Macclesfield: IDG Media, Central Station, page 15:

(chiefly clothing) Initialism of extra large (the manufactured size or an item of that size).


XL

Natalie V. Adams
First year university
Temper: Nerdy
Hair: XL

2006, “Scott Pilgrim & the Infinite Sadness”, in Scott Pilgrim, volume 3:

(chiefly clothing) Initialism of extra large (of the manufactured size).


developer

(dyeing) A reagent used to produce an ingrain color by its action upon some substance on the fiber.


crash

Uncertain; perhaps compare Russian крашени́на (krašenína, “coarse linen”).

der

The yearly allowance of clothing on this plantation, consisted of two tow-linen shirts—such linen as the coarsest crash towels are made of[…]

1855, Frederick Douglass, chapter VI, in My Bondage and My Freedom. […], New York, Auburn, N.Y.: Miller, Orton & Mulligan […], →OCLC:

Unlocking the door of her bath-room she went inside, and soon emerged, bringing a rug, which she spread upon the floor of the gallery, and two huge hair pillows covered with crash, which she placed against the front of the building.


sash

(clothing) A piece of cloth designed to be worn around the waist.

(clothing) A decorative length of cloth worn over the shoulder to the opposite hip, often for ceremonial or other formal occasions.


belt

→ Afrikaans: belt

→ Assamese: বেল্ট (belto)

→ Bengali: বেল্ট (belṭo)

→ Dutch: belt

→ Hindi: बेल्ट (belṭ)

→ Irish: beilt

→ Japanese: ベルト (beruto)

→ Odia: ବେଲ୍ଟ୍ (belṭ)

→ Urdu: بیلٹ (belṭ)

→ Welsh: belt

From Middle English belt, from Old English belt (“belt, girdle”), from Proto-West Germanic *baltī̆, from Proto-Germanic *baltijaz (“girdle, belt”), from Latin balteus (“belt, sword-belt”), of Etruscan origin. Cognate with Scots belt (“belt”), Dutch belt, German Balz (“belt”), Danish bælte (“belt”), Swedish bälte (“belt, cincture, girdle, zone”) and Icelandic belti (“belt”).

cog

As part of the act, the fat clown's belt broke, causing his pants to fall down.

Master leathercrafter does handcrafted wallets, belts, purses, handbags etc., supporting self and helpers. Good enough to carve fantst art and portraits into leather.

1987 August 15, Robert Benitez, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 5, page 14:

(clothing) A band worn around the waist to hold clothing to one's body (usually pants), hold weapons (such as a gun or sword), or serve as a decorative piece of clothing.


discharge

en-verb

discharge (third-person singular simple present discharges, present participle discharging, simple past and past participle discharged)

discharges (present singular third-person)
discharging (participle present)
discharged (participle past)
discharged (past)

/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/

/ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/

/dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/

/ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/

-ɪstʃɑː(ɹ)dʒ

From Middle English dischargen, from Old French deschargier (“to unload”), from Late Latin discarricāre (“unload”). By surface analysis, dis- + charge.

to discharge the colour from a dyed fabric in order to form light figures on a dark background

(transitive, textiles) To bleach out or to remove or efface, as by a chemical process.


matrix

matrices (plural)
matrixes (plural)
matrice (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English matris, matrice, matrix, from Old French matrice (“pregnant animal”), or from Latin mātrīx (“dam, womb”), both ultimately from māter (“mother”). Doublet of mother from Indo-European ancestor.
Slang usage coined with the 1999 sci-fi action film The Matrix.

基質 /基质

analytical chemistry: sampling environment

(dyeing) The five simple colours (black, white, blue, red, and yellow) from which all the others are formed.


temple

Borrowed from Latin templum (“a small timber, a purlin”); compare templet and template.

bor

(weaving) A contrivance used in a loom for keeping the web stretched transversely.


Orleans

en-noun

Orleans (countable and uncountable, plural Orleans or Orleanses)

Orleans (plural)
Orleanses (plural)
Orléans (alternative)

/ˌɔɹ.leɪˈɑ̃/

/ˌɔɹ.liˈɑːn/

From French Orléans, ultimately from Latin Aurelianum, from the name of the Roman emperor Aurelian, who rebuilt the city. More at Aurelius.

(uncountable, textiles) A cloth made of worsted and cotton, used for making clothes.


cola

Inherited from Vulgar Latin coda, from Latin cauda, or from its diminutive caudula. Cognate to French queue and Italian coda.

(clothing) train (long back section of a gown)


pat

Work in pat to next underarm marker, sm, place next st on holder[…]

2012, Kari Cornell, Knitting Sweaters from around the World, page 52:


popcorn

popcorn (countable and uncountable, plural popcorns)

popcorns (plural)
pop-corn (alternative)
popped corn (alternative)

Georgian: პოპკორნი (ṗoṗḳorni)

German: Popcorn

desc

Greek: ποπ κορν (pop korn), ποπκόρν (popkórn)

Icelandic: poppkorn

Japanese: ポップコーン (poppukōn)

Korean: 팝콘 (papkon)

Norwegian:

Bokmål: popkorn

Nynorsk: popkorn

Polish: popcorn

Russian: попко́рн (popkórn)

Swedish: popcorn

Short for popped corn. By surface analysis, pop + corn.

From the top the sample shows four stitch popcorns, five stitch bobbles, two rows of bells and a central leaf with leaves sloping to the left and right each side.

2008, Claire Compton, Sue Whiting, The Knitting and Crochet Bible, page 45:

(knitting) A kind of stitch similar to a bobble.


popcorn

en-verb

popcorn (third-person singular simple present popcorns, present participle popcorning, simple past and past participle popcorned)

popcorns (present singular third-person)
popcorning (participle present)
popcorned (participle past)
popcorned (past)
pop-corn (alternative)
popped corn (alternative)

You've been cabling, twisting, popcorning and bobbling. See, we told you that they weren't so hard.

2008, Leisure Arts, I Can't Believe I'm Knitting Cables, page 9:

(knitting, rare) To use the popcorn stitch.


radius

la-noun

radius m (genitive radiī or radī); second declension

radiī (genitive)
radī (genitive)
radius (nominative singular)
radiī (nominative plural)
radiī (genitive singular)
radī (genitive singular)
radiōrum (genitive plural)
radiō (dative singular)
radiīs (dative plural)
radium (accusative singular)
radiōs (accusative plural)
radiō (ablative singular)
radiīs (ablative plural)
radie (singular vocative)
radiī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: rreze

Aromanian: aradzã, radzã

Catalan: raig

→? Sardinian: raxu

Dalmatian: rus, ruaz

Old French: rai

French: rai

→ English: ray

Friulian: rai

Galician: raia, raio, raxo

Italian: raggio

Sicilian: raggiu (italianized, palatalized variant)

Mirandese: raio

Mozarabic: ראיה (rʔyh)

Occitan: rai

Portuguese: raia, raio

Romanian: rază

desc

Sardinian: (ar)raju, (ar)rag(g)iu, arràciu, ràdiu

Sicilian: raja

Spanish: raya, rayo, raza

→ Sardinian: razu m, raza f, rasu

Venetan: rajo

→ Welsh: rhaidd

Learned borrowings

→ Catalan: radi

→ Italian: radio

→ English: radius, radio-, radio

→ French: radius

→ Galician: radio

→ German: Radius

→ Portuguese: rádio

→ Romanian: radius

→ Russian: ра́диус (rádius)

→ Sicilian: ràdiu

→ Spanish: radio

Of uncertain origin. Some connect it with rādīx and rāmus. Tucker suggests Proto-Indo-European *neredʰ- (“extend forth, rise, outward”) akin to Sanskrit वर्धते (vardhate, “rise, grow”), or from Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “sharp point”). May ultimately be from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”).


lathe

From Middle English lathe (“turning-lathe; stand”), from Old Norse hlað (“pile, heap”)—compare dialectal Danish lad (“stand, support frame”) (as in drejelad (“turning-lathe”), savelad (“saw bench”)), dialectal Norwegian la, lad (“pile, small wall”), dialectal Swedish lad (“folding table, lay of a loom”)—from hlaða (“to load”). More at lade.

inh

(weaving) The movable swing frame of a loom, carrying the reed for separating the warp threads and beating up the weft.

ватал

swing frame on a loom — see also beater, batten


turn in

en-verb

turn in (third-person singular simple present turns in, present participle turning in, simple past and past participle turned in)

turns in (present singular third-person)
turning in (participle present)
turned in (participle past)
turned in (past)

(weaving) To reverse the ends of threads and insert them back into the piece being woven so they do not protrude and eventually unravel.


check

By shortening from chequer, from Old French eschequier (“chessboard”), from Medieval Latin scaccarium, ultimately from the same Persian root as above.

The tablecloth had red and white checks.

One of her female followers, had made a very elegant piece of check. The Friend, being at her house, on a visit, the lady shewed the check to her, and as evidence of devotion to her leader, proposed presenting her with a pattern off the piece for her own use.

1819, Charles Mowry, in the Downington Pennsylvania American Republican, quoted in Herbery Wisbey, Pioneer Prophetess: Jemima Wilkinson, the Publick Universal Friend

(textiles, usually pluralized) A pattern made up of a grid of squares of alternating colors; a checkered pattern.


feed dog

(sewing) On a sewing machine, the toothed mechanism that uses a forward, down, back, and up motion against the presser foot to advance the fabric through the machine evenly.


knockoff

knockoffs (plural)
knock-off (alternative)
knock off (alternative)

(knitting) A device in a knitting machine to remove loops from the needles.


loft

en-noun

loft (countable and uncountable, plural lofts)

From Middle English lofte (“air, sky, upper region, loft”), from Old English loft, (doublet of native Old English lyft) of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse lopt (“upper chamber, attic, region of sky, air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“air, sky”).
Akin to Scots lift (“air; sky; firmament”), Dutch lucht (“air”), German Luft (“air”), Old English lyft (“air”). Doublet of lift and luft. Related to aloft.

der

maximum loft

(textiles, countable, uncountable) The thickness of a soft object when not under pressure.

korkeus

the thickness of a soft object when not under pressure


beret

berets (plural)
béret (alternative)
berret (alternative archaic)

Borrowed from French béret, from Occitan (Gascon) berret (“cap”), from Old Occitan berret, from Medieval Latin birretum, from Late Latin birrus (“large hooded cloak”), from Gaulish birrus (“short cloak”), from Proto-Celtic *birros (“short”) (compare Welsh byr, Middle Irish berr). Compare biretta.

(clothing) A type of round, brimless cap with a soft top and a headband to secure it to the head; usually culturally associated with France.


template

Alteration of templet, probably from French templet, diminutive of temple (“a weaver's stretcher”), variant of tempe, from Latin tempora (“temple”). Alteration of second syllable due to analogy with plate. Cognate with Faroese tamba (“to stretch out, relax”), Icelandic þamb (“a stretched, bloated, or extended belly”).

cog

The template length is adjusted to the proper fabric width. Then the sharp pins in the template ends are hooked into the selvedge edges (with the template open).

1987, Paula Simmons, Spinning and weaving with wool, published 1977, →ISBN, page 180:


steel

en-noun

steel (countable and uncountable, plural steels)

steels (plural)
steele (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English stele, stel, from Old English stīele, from Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“something made of steel”), enlargement of *stahl (“steel”), from Proto-Germanic *stahlą, from *stah- or *stag- (“to be firm, rigid”), from Proto-Indo-European *stak- (“to stay, to be firm”). Compare Scots stele, Yola stehli.

der

I haue a ruffe is a quarter deep, measured by the yeard... You haue a pretty set too, how big is the steele you set with?

1608, G. Markham et al., Dumbe Knight, section I:

I suppose the bullet must have struck the steels in my corsets.

(countable) Any item made of this metal, particularly including:

(sewing) Pieces used to strengthen, support, or expand an item of clothing.

The threaded steel...Flies swiftly.

(sewing, dialectal) A sewing needle; a knitting needle; a sharp metal stylus.

A trailing skirt embroidered in what is termed fine steel.

(sewing) A fringe of beads or decoration of this metal.


course

→ Gulf Arabic: كورس (kōrs)

From Middle English cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus (“course of a race”), from currō (“run”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of cursus and cour.

polku

path that something or someone moves along

the course of true love never did run smooth

(textiles) In weft knitting, a single row of loops connecting the loops of the preceding and following rows.

kerros

textiles: in weft knitting, a single row of loops


couch

en-verb

couch (third-person singular simple present couches, present participle couching, simple past and past participle couched)

couches (present singular third-person)
couching (participle present)
couched (participle past)
couched (past)
cowch (alternative)
cowch (alternative)

From Middle English couchen, from Old French (se) couchier, (se) colchier (“go to bed, lay down”), from Latin collocāre (“set in place”), from com- (“together, with”) + locāre. Doublet of collocate.

These curtains we couched in white cord with quaint designs.

1890, “A combination dining and sitting room”, in The Home-maker: An Illustrated Monthly Magazine, volume 3, New York, N.Y.: Home-maker Co., →OCLC, page 326:

(sewing, transitive) To attach a thread onto fabric with small stitches in order to add texture.


medium

en-noun

medium (countable and uncountable, plural mediums)

Borrowed from Latin medium, neuter of medius (“middle”), from Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Compare middle. Doublet of mid, medio, media, and meson.

(uncountable, especially clothing, food or drink) One of several common sizes to which an item may be manufactured.

(countable, especially clothing, food or drink) An item labelled or denoted as being that size.


medium

(especially clothing, food or drink) That is medium (the manufactured size).


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, Patronus, and patroon.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

(textiles) The paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling.

ülgü

the paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out


tram

From Spanish trama, or French trame (“weft”). Doublet of trama.

The two types of silk of greatest interest to the hand weaver are known as Organzine and Tram. Organzine is a warp silk and is made from two or more single threads twisted together in the opposite direction from the original twist. Tram is a weft silk and it is made from two or more singles lightly twisted together.

1951, F[rederick] J[ohn] Christopher, “Materials and Quantities”, in Hand-loom Weaving, London: Frederick Muller, →OCLC:

Analysis of the seventeenth-century damask revealed that both its warp and weft were silk filaments; the organzine warp was dyed a dark blue and the tram silk of the weft was a somewhat lighter blue.

2011, Nancy C. Britton, “Reconciling Conservation and Interpretation: Strategies for Long-term Display of a Late Seventeenth-century Bed”, in Kathryn Gill, Dinah Eastop, editors, Upholstery Conservation: Principles and Practice, Abingdon, Oxon., New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 64, column 2:

(weaving) A silk thread formed of two or more threads twisted together, used especially for the weft, or cross threads, of the best quality of velvets and silk goods.


tram

en-verb

tram (third-person singular simple present trams, present participle tramming, simple past and past participle trammed)

trams (present singular third-person)
tramming (participle present)
trammed (participle past)
trammed (past)


dress

en-noun

dress (countable and uncountable, plural dresses)

→ Japanese: ドレス (doresu)

→ Korean: 드레스 (deureseu)

→ Norwegian: dress

→ Pennsylvania German: Dress

→ Scottish Gaelic: dreasa

PIE word
 *dwís
The verb is from Middle English dressen, dresse (“to arrange, put in order”), from Anglo-Norman, Old French dresser, drecier (modern French dresser), from Late Latin *directiare (“to guide, direct”). Doublet of direct.
The noun is derived from the verb.

der

Amy and Mary looked very pretty in their dresses.

She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Dangerous Lady”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 36:

(clothing) An item of clothing (usually worn by a woman or young girl) which both covers the upper part of the body and includes a skirt below the waist.

ahi

item of clothing which both covers the upper part of the body and includes a skirt below the waist


dress

dress m (definite singular dressen, indefinite plural dresser, definite plural dressene)

dressen (definite singular)
dresser (indefinite plural)
dressene (definite plural)

From English dress, from Middle English dressen, from Old French dresser, drescer, drecier (“to erect, set up, arrange, dress”), from either Medieval Latin dīrēctiō (“direction, aiming, correction”) or Vulgar Latin dirēctiāre, from Latin dīrectus (“straight, direct, directed”), from Proto-Italic *dwizrektos, perfect passive participle of dīrigō (“straighten, direct”), from Proto-Italic *dwizregō, from both dis- (“asunder, in pieces, apart, in two”), from Proto-Italic *dwis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly, in two”) + regō (“I make straight, rule”), from Proto-Italic *regō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti (“to straighten; right”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, to right oneself, just”).

(clothing) a suit (either formal wear, or leisure or sports wear)


dress

dress m (definite singular dressen, indefinite plural dressar, definite plural dressane)

dressen (definite singular)
dressar (indefinite plural)
dressane (definite plural)


top

en-verb

top (third-person singular simple present tops, present participle topping, simple past and past participle topped)

tops (present singular third-person)
topping (participle present)
topped (participle past)
topped (past)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

cog

to top aniline black with methyl violet to prevent greening


mode

From Old French mode (masculine), from Latin modus (“measure, due measure, rhythm, melody”). Doublet of modus.

tila

mathematics, physics: state of a system represented by an eigenfunction of that system

(textiles) In lace-making, a small decorative piece inserted into a pattern.

(textiles) The openwork between the solid parts of a pattern.

(obsolete) A woman's mantle with a hood.


spirit

en-noun

spirit (countable and uncountable, plural spirits)

spirits (plural)
spir't (alternative Early Modern)

From Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Compare inspire, respire, transpire, all ultimately from Latin spīrō (“I breathe, blow, respire”). In this sense, displaced native Middle English gast (from Old English gāst), whence modern English ghost. Doublet of spiritus, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit.

doublet

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak


token

From Middle English token, taken, from Old English tācn (“sign”), from Proto-West Germanic *taikn, from Proto-Germanic *taikną, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, teach”) with Germanic *k rather than *h by Kluge's law. The verb is from Middle English toknen, from Old English tācnian. Cognate with German Zeichen, Dutch teken and Danish tegn.

der

that and a token will get you on the subway

(weaving) In a loom, a colored signal to show the weaver which shuttle to use.


diagonal

diagonal (nominative singular)
diagonale (nominative plural)
diagonalu (genitive singular)
diagonali (genitive plural)
diagonalów (genitive plural)
diagonalowi (dative singular)
diagonalom (dative plural)
diagonal (accusative singular)
diagonale (accusative plural)
diagonalem (instrumental singular)
diagonalami (instrumental plural)
diagonalu (locative singular)
diagonalach (locative plural)
diagonalu (singular vocative)
diagonale (plural vocative)
djagonal (alternative)


som

From Dutch zoom (“hem; edge, border”), from Middle Dutch sôom, from Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

(sewing, colloquial) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)


fio

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fio, from Latin fīlum. Compare Galician fío and Spanish filo, hilo.


large

en-adj

large (comparative larger, superlative largest)

larger (comparative)
largest (superlative)

From Middle English large, from Old French large, from Latin larga, feminine of largus (“abundant, plentiful, copious, large, much”), of uncertain ultimate origin; see there for more. Mostly displaced Middle English stoor, stour (“large, great”) (from Old English stōr), and muchel (“large, great”) (from Old English myċel), which has survived under a different meaning as much .

cog

(especially clothing, food or drink) That is large (the manufactured size).


large

en-noun

large (countable and uncountable, plural larges)

One small coffee and two larges, please.


drop

From Late Middle English droppe, Middle English drope (“small quantity of liquid; small or least amount of something; pendant jewel; dripping of a liquid; a shower; nasal flow, catarrh; speck, spot; blemish; disease causing spots on the skin”) [and other forms], from Old English dropa (“a drop”), from Proto-West Germanic *dropō (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewb- (“to crumble, grind”).

nb...

dropan, droupe, (Northern England) droipe

afval

small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension

piisk

very small quantity of liquid, or of anything

piisk

that which hangs or resembles a liquid globule

afgrond

distance through which something drops, or falls below a certain level

A decline in degree, quality, quantity, or rate.

Of men's clothes: the difference between the chest circumference and waist circumference.

Of women's clothes: the difference between the bust circumference and hip circumference.


tee

* From Middle English [Term?], from Old English te, from Latin te (the name of the letter T).
* (computing): By analogy with a T-shaped pipe that sends fluids in two directions.

Brendan pulled a black pocket tee over his head.


uni

(of clothes, fabrics, chiefly predicative) unicolour, single-colour


hat

Sranan Tongo: ati

From Middle English hat, from Old English hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). Cognate with North Frisian hat (“hat”), Danish hat (“hat”), Swedish hatt (“hat”), Icelandic hattur (“hat”), Finnish hattu (“hat”), Latin cassis (“helmet”), Lithuanian kudas (“bird's crest or tuft”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀 (xaoda, “hat”), Persian خود (xud, “helmet”), Welsh cadw (“to provide for, ensure”). Compare also hood.

cog

There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.

1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0091:

Denzel walks. Will Smith walks. Mark Wahlberg is wearing a hat!

2009, “Cool Guys Don’t Look at Explosions”performed by Andy Samberg, Will Ferrell, and J. J. Abrams:

(clothing) A covering for the head, often in the approximate form of a cone, dome or cylinder closed at its top end, and sometimes having a brim and other decoration.


punto

puntos (plural)
puntillo (diminutive)
puntito (diminutive)
puento (alternative dialectal)

→ Tagalog: punto

Inherited from Latin pūnctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Cognate with Galician punto, Portuguese ponto, and Catalan punt.

hasta cierto punto

to a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree

(sewing) stitch (a single pass of a needle in sewing or surgery suture)


T-shirt

T-shirts (plural)
t-shirt (alternative)
tee shirt (alternative)
tee-shirt (alternative)
teeshirt (alternative)

→ Cantonese: T恤 (ti¹ seot¹)

→ Danish: T-shirt

→ Dutch: T-shirt

→ German: T-shirt

→ Gulf Arabic: تيشيرت (tīšērt)

→ Japanese: Tシャツ (tī-shatsu)

→ Korean: 티셔츠 (tisyeocheu)

→ Mandarin: T恤 (tì xù)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: T-shirt

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: T-skjorte, T-trøye (calque)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: T-skjorte (calque)

→ Swedish: T-shirt

→ Swedish: T-tröja (calque)

→ Turkish: tişört

been there, done that, bought the T-shirt

Many bands make more money from T-shirt sales than from sale of tickets.

Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

2013 August 3, “Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

(clothing) A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


bottom

en-noun

bottom (countable and uncountable, plural bottoms)

bottoms (plural)
botton (alternative dialectal)

→ Dutch: bottom

→ French: bottom

→ Portuguese: bottom

PIE word
 *bʰudʰmḗn
From Middle English botme, botom, from Old English botm, bodan (“bottom, foundation; ground, abyss”), from Proto-West Germanic *butm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz, *budmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Cognate with Dutch bodem, German Boden, Icelandic botn, Danish bund; also Irish bonn (“sole (of foot)”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom of a cup or jar”), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna, “bottom”), Persian بن (bon, “bottom”), Latin fundus (“bottom”) (whence fund, via French).
The sense “posterior of a person” is first attested in 1794; the verb “to reach the bottom of” is first attested in 1808. bottom dollar (“the last dollar one has”) is from 1882.

cog

There’s a hole in her pyjama bottoms.

(clothing) A garment worn to cover the body below the torso.


crêpe

Substantivisation of Old French crespe, from Latin crispus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.


crepe

head

crepe n (singular definite crepet, not used in plural form)

crepet (definite singular)
crepe (indefinite nominative singular)
crepet (definite nominative singular)
crepes (genitive indefinite singular)
crepets (definite genitive singular)
krep (alternative)

Borrowed from French crêpe, Derived from Latin crispus.

(textiles, uncountable) thin (cotton) fabric with dense, irregular wrinkles in the lengthwise direction


sock

en-noun

sock (plural socks or (informal, nonstandard) sox)

socks (plural)
sox (informal nonstandard plural)

desctree

→ French: socquette
→ Portuguese: soquete

Japanese: ソックス (sokkusu) < socks

Swahili: soksi < socks (plural)

From Middle English socke, sokke, sok, from Old English socc (“sock, light shoe, slipper”), a West Germanic borrowing from Latin soccus (“a light shoe or slipper, buskin”), from Ancient Greek σύκχος (súkkhos, “a kind of shoe”), probably from Phrygian or from an Anatolian language. Beekes compares Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬑𐬀 (haxa, “sole of the foot”). Cognate with Scots sok (“sock, stocking”), West Frisian sok (“sock”), Dutch sok (“sock”), German Socke (“sock”), Danish sok, sokke (“sock”), Swedish sock, socka (“sock”), Icelandic sokkur (“sock”). Doublet of zocco; also related to zoccolo, socle, and zocalo.

der

(clothing) A knitted or woven covering for the foot.


Aufzug

de-noun

Aufzug m (strong, genitive Aufzuges or Aufzugs, plural Aufzüge)

Aufzuges (genitive)
Aufzugs (genitive)
Aufzüge (plural)
Aufzug (nominative singular)
Aufzüge (definite nominative plural)
Aufzuges (genitive singular)
Aufzugs (genitive singular)
Aufzüge (definite genitive plural)
Aufzug (dative singular)
Aufzuge (dative singular)
Aufzügen (dative definite plural)
Aufzug (accusative singular)
Aufzüge (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ūfzuc, verbal noun of ūfziehen.

In dem Aufzug gehst du mir nicht aus dem Haus.

I won't let you leave the house in that getup.

(clothing, informal, mildly derogatory) getup, outfit


vlk

vlk (nominative singular)
vlky (nominative plural)
vlka (genitive singular)
vlku (genitive singular)
vlků (genitive plural)
vlku (dative singular)
vlkům (dative plural)
vlka (accusative singular)
vlky (accusative plural)
vlku (singular vocative)
vlky (plural vocative)
vlku (locative singular)
vlcích (locative plural)
vlkem (instrumental singular)
vlky (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech vlk, from Proto-Slavic *vьlkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wilkás, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.


bias

en-noun

bias (countable and uncountable, plural biases or biasses)

c. 1520 in the sense "oblique line". As a technical term in the game of bowls c. 1560, whence the figurative use (c. 1570).
From Middle French biais, adverbially ("sideways, askance, against the grain") c. 1250, as a noun ("oblique angle, slant") from the late 16th century.
The French word is likely from Old Occitan biais, itself of obscure origin, most likely from Vulgar Latin *biaxius (“with two axes”).

(countable, textiles) The diagonal line between warp and weft in a woven fabric.

(countable, textiles) A wedge-shaped piece of cloth taken out of a garment (such as the waist of a dress) to diminish its circumference.


patron

fr-noun

patron m (plural patrons, feminine patronne)

→ German: Patrone

→ Italian: patron

→ Romanian: patron

→ Russian: патро́н (patrón)

→ Turkish: patron

From Old French patron (“patron, protector”), from Latin patrōnus, from pater (“father”).


patron

From Latin patrōnus, from pater (“father”).


vez

vȇz (canonical masculine)
ве̑з (Cyrillic)
vȇz (nominative singular)
vézovi (nominative plural)
veza (genitive singular)
vezova (genitive plural)
vezu (dative singular)
vezovima (dative plural)
vez (accusative singular)
vezove (accusative plural)
vezu (singular vocative)
vezovi (plural vocative)
vezu (locative singular)
vezovima (locative plural)
vezom (instrumental singular)
vezovima (instrumental plural)


cataract

From Late Middle English cataract, cataracta, cateract, cateracte (“(medicine) clouding of the lens in the eye”), from Old French cataracte (“clouding of the lens in the eye”), and then either:
* from its etymon Latin cataracta (“portcullis”) (in the sense of something blocking vision as a portcullis blocks a gateway), from Ancient Greek καταρ(ρ)άκτης (katar(rh)áktēs, “act of rushing down; portcullis”) (see further at etymology 1); or
* from clāthrāta (in fenestra clāthrāta (“window grating”)), an inflected form of clāthrātus (“grated, latticed, clathrate”), from clāthrī (“grate, lattic”) + -ātus (suffix denoting possession of something, forming adjectives from nouns). Clāthrī is derived from Doric Greek κλᾳ̃θρα (klãithra), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w- (“crook, hook; peg; to close something”).

der

καταρ(ρ)άκτης

Some modern Pantagruelists, to shun and avoid that manual Labour, which such a separating and partitional Work would of necessity require, employ certain Catarratick Instruments, […] and athwart those Cataracts they break and bruise to very Trash the woody parcels [of the fictional herb “pantagruelion”], thereby to preserve the better the Fibres, which are the precious and excellent parts.

1653, Francis Rabelais [i.e., François Rabelais], translated by [Thomas Urquhart, Peter Anthony Motteux], “How the Famous Pantagruelion ought to be Prepared and Wrought”, in The Works of Francis Rabelais, Doctor in Physick: Containing Five Books of the Lives, Heroick Deeds, and Sayings of Gargantua, and His Sonne Pantagruel. […], London: […] [Thomas Ratcliffe and Edward Mottershead] for Richard Baddeley, […], →OCLC; republished in volume II, London: […] Navarre Society […], [1948], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 60:

(obsolete, textiles) A tool used for breaking flax; a brake.