spring

head

spring n (singular definite springet, plural indefinite spring)

springet (definite singular)
spring (indefinite plural)
spring (indefinite nominative singular)
springet (definite nominative singular)
spring (indefinite nominative plural)
springene (definite nominative plural)
springs (genitive indefinite singular)
springets (definite genitive singular)
springs (genitive indefinite plural)
springenes (definite genitive plural)

(athletics, gymnastics) spring, jump, vault, leap


AA

en-noun

AA (countable and uncountable, plural AAs)

(gymnastics) Abbreviation of all-around.


sol

soluri (plural)
sol (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
solul (accusative definite nominative singular)
soluri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
solurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
sol (indefinite singular)
solului (definite singular)
soluri (indefinite plural)
solurilor (definite plural)
solule (singular vocative)
solurilor (plural vocative)

From Latin solum (“base, bottom; soil”), French sol.

(gymnastics) an event performed on a floor-like carpeted surface


balance beam

(gymnastics) A gymnastics apparatus, a narrow wooden rail used in artistic (athletic) gymnastics.

(gymnastics) A gymnastics event using the balance beam apparatus.


floor exercise

(gymnastics) A performance on a mat-covered floor using no apparatus.


apparatus

apparatus (plural apparatuses or apparatusses or apparatus or (both rare) apparatûs or apparatūs or (hypercorrect) apparati)

apparatuses (plural)
apparatusses (plural)
apparatus (plural)
apparatûs (plural rare)
apparatūs (plural rare)
apparati (hypercorrect plural rare)

/æp.əˈɹɑː.təs/

Borrowed from Latin apparātus. Doublet of apparat.

(gymnastics) Any of the equipment on which the gymnasts perform their movements.


scissors

scissors pl (plural only, attributive scissor)

scissor (attributive)
cizars (alternative obsolete)
cizers (alternative obsolete)
scissars (alternative archaic)
sissors (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English sisours (attested since 1350–1400), from Old French cisoirs, from Late Latin cīsōria, plural of cīsōrium (“cutting tool”); from Latin word root -cīsus (compare excise) or caesus, past participle of caedō (“to cut”). Partially displaced native Old English sċēara (“scissors, shears”), whence shears. Doublet of chisel.
The current spelling, from the 16th century, is due to association with Medieval Latin scissor (“tailor”), from Latin carrying the meaning “carver, cutter”, from scindō (“to split”).

(countable, gymnastics) An exercise in which the legs are switched back and forth, suggesting the motion of scissors.


chalk

chalk (countable and uncountable, plural chalks)

chalks (plural)
chaulk (alternative dated)

→ Japanese: チャコ (chako), チョーク (chōku)

→ Nepali: चक (cak)

→ Swahili: chaki

→ Swazi: íshóki

→ Thai: ชอล์ก (chɔ́k)

→ Tsonga: choko

→ Tulu: ಚಾಕ್ (cākŭ)

→ Yoruba: ṣọ́ọ̀kì

From Middle English chalk, chalke, from Old English ċealc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone”), again borrowed from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”). Doublet of calx and cauk.

when working out your next move, it's a good idea to get some more chalk from the bag

(uncountable, climbing, gymnastics) A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃).

magnèsia

white powdery substance used for grip in climbing, weight-lifting and gymnastics


bridge

bridges (plural)
bridg (alternative obsolete)
brigge (alternative)

From Middle English brigge, from Old English brycġ (“bridge”), from Proto-Germanic *brugjō, *brugjǭ (“bridge”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrēw- (“wooden flooring, decking, bridge”).
Cognate with Scots brig, brigg, breeg (“bridge”), Saterland Frisian Brääch (“bridge”), West Frisian brêge (“bridge”), Dutch brug (“bridge”), German Brücke (“bridge”), Danish brygge (“wharf”), Icelandic brygga (“pier”), Gaulish briua (“bridge”).
The verb is from Middle English briggen, from Old English brycġian (“to bridge, make a causeway, pave”), derived from the noun. Cognate with Dutch bruggen (“to bridge”), Middle Low German bruggen (“to bridge”), Old High German bruccōn (“to bridge”) (whence Modern German brücken).
The musical connection sense is a semantic loan from German Steg, from Old High German steg.

ацҳа

construction or natural feature that spans a divide

if someone told you to jump off a bridge, would you do it

(gymnastics) A similar position in gymnastics.

An arch or superstructure.
A similar position in gymnastics.


ring

nl-noun

ring m (plural ringen, diminutive ringetje n)

ringen (plural)
ringetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ring

Negerhollands: rink, riṅ

→? Aukan: linga

→ Indonesian: ring

→ Papiamentu: renchi, ringtsje (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch rinc, from Old Dutch rinc, from Proto-West Germanic *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz.


split

→ Irish: spliota

Attested since about 1567, from Middle Dutch splitten (“to split”) and/or Middle Low German splitten (“to split”), both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *splittjan, an intensive form of Proto-West Germanic *splītan (“to split”), from Proto-Germanic *splītaną (whence Danish splitte, Low German splieten, German spleißen), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”).
Compare Middle English ysplett (“split”, past participle of splatten (“to split”)), Old English speld (“splinter”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), Old Irish sliss (“splinter”), Lithuanian spaliai (“flax sheaves”), Czech půl (“half”), Old Church Slavonic рас-плитати (ras-plitati, “to cleave, split”).

cog

past participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">splatten</i> (“to split”)

let the door hit you where the good Lord split you

(gymnastics, cheerleading, dance, usually in the phrase "to do the splits") A maneuver of spreading or sliding the feet apart until the legs are flat on the floor 180 degrees apart, either sideways to the body or with one leg in front and one behind, thus lowering the body completely to the floor in an upright position.


stick

en-verb

stick (third-person singular simple present sticks, present participle sticking, simple past and past participle stuck or (archaic) sticked)

sticks (present singular third-person)
sticking (participle present)
stuck (participle past)
stuck (past)
sticked (archaic participle past)
sticked (archaic past)

From Middle English stiken (“to stick, pierce, stab, remain embedded, be fastened”), from Old English stician (“to pierce, stab, remain embedded, be fastened”), from Proto-Germanic *stikōną (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tig-, *(s)teyg- (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”).
See also the related Proto-Germanic *stikaną, whence West Frisian stekke, Low German steken, Dutch steken, German stechen; compare also Danish stikke, Swedish sticka.
Cognate with the first etymology (same PIE root, different paths through Germanic and Old English), to stitch, and to etiquette, via French étiquette – see there for further discussion.

inh

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

would lose one's head if it wasn't stuck on

Once again, the world champion sticks the dismount.

stick the landing

en:perform (a landing or shot) perfectly

(transitive, gymnastics, aviation, sports) To perform (a landing or a shot) perfectly.


full

From Middle English fulle, fylle, fille, from Old English fyllu, fyllo (“fullness, fill, plenty”), from Proto-Germanic *fullį̄, *fulnō (“fullness, filling, overflow”), from Proto-Indo-European *plūno-, *plno- (“full”), from *pelh₁-, *pleh₁- (“to fill; full”). Cognate with German Fülle (“fullness, fill”), Icelandic fylli (“fulness, fill”). More at fill.

fool (accents with FOOT-GOOSE merger or full-fool merger)

(gymnastics) A flip involving a complete turn in midair.


floor

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

non-rhotic, dough–door merger, African-American Vernacular

Inherited from Middle English flor, flore, from Old English flōr (“floor, pavement, ground, bottom”), from Proto-West Germanic *flōr, from Proto-Germanic *flōraz (“flat surface, floor, plain”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂ros (“floor”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).
Cognate with Scots flair, Scots flure, fluir (“floor”), Saterland Frisian Floor (“floor”), West Frisian flier (“floor”), Dutch vloer (“floor”), German Low German Floor (“entry hall”), German Flur (“field, floor, entrance hall”), Swedish flor (“floor of a cow stall”), Norwegian Nynorsk flor (“floor of a cow stall”), Irish urlár (“floor”), Scottish Gaelic làr (“floor, ground, earth”), Welsh llawr (“floor, ground”), Latin plānus (“level, flat”).

cog

(gymnastics) An event performed on a floor-like carpeted surface; floor exercise

(gymnastics) A floor-like carpeted surface for performing gymnastic movements.


槓

English: kong

Japanese: 槓(カン) (kan)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 貢 (OC *koːŋs).

Han compound

雙槓／双杠


pik

pik (indefinite nominative singular)
piks (genitive indefinite singular)
piken (definite nominative singular)
pikens (definite genitive singular)
pikar (indefinite nominative plural)
pikars (genitive indefinite plural)
pikarna (definite nominative plural)
pikarnas (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Swedish pīker, from Old Norse pík, from Proto-Germanic *pīkaz.


needle

From Middle English nedle, from Old English nǣdl, from Proto-West Germanic *nāþlu, from Proto-Germanic *nēþlō, from pre-Germanic *neh₁-tleh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁- (“to spin, twist”).
Cognates
Cognate with Dutch naald (“needle”), German Nadel (“needle, pin, crochet hook”), German nähen (“sew”), Danish nål (“needle”), Norwegian nål (“needle”), Finnish neula (“needle”). Further related with Welsh nyddu, Latin nēre, Sanskrit स्नायति (snāyati, “wraps up, winds”). Related to snood.

cog

it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God

(gymnastics) A move in which the performer begins with two hands and one leg on the floor, then kicks the other leg into a full split.


kip

(gymnastics) A basic skill or maneuver in artistic gymnastics on the uneven bars, parallel bars, high bar and still rings used, for example, as a way of mounting the bar in a front support position, or achieving a handstand from a hanging position. In its basic form, the legs are swung forward and upward by bending the hips, then suddenly down again, which gives the upward impulse to the body.

kippi

gymnastics: move or maneuver from below the equipment to above it


kip

en-verb

kip (third-person singular simple present kips, present participle kipping, simple past and past participle kipped)

kips (present singular third-person)
kipping (participle present)
kipped (participle past)
kipped (past)

(gymnastics, intransitive) To perform the kip maneuver.


bok

→ Xhosa: ibhokhwe

From Dutch bok (“buck, male goat”), from Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.


bok

nl-noun

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n)

bokken (plural)
bokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bok
→ Xhosa: ibhokhwe

Negerhollands: bok

Sranan Tongo: boko, bokoboko

Aukan: boko boko

From Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

buck, horse or pony; strong contraption on legs, resembling a mount


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

(gymnastics, dance, weightlifting) One who spots (supports or assists a maneuver, or is prepared to assist if safety dictates); a spotter.


spot

en-verb

spot (third-person singular simple present spots, present participle spotting, simple past and past participle spotted)

spots (present singular third-person)
spotting (participle present)
spotted (participle past)
spotted (past)

I can’t do a back handspring unless somebody spots me.

There had not been time to build handrails, so lines of women spotted the sides of the ramp.

1989 April 15, Angela Bowen, “Towards a National Lesbian Conference”, in Gay Community News, page 2:

(transitive, gymnastics, dance, weightlifting, climbing) To support or assist a maneuver, or to be prepared to assist if safety dictates.


candlestick

candlesticks (plural)
canstick (alternative)

Sranan Tongo: kandratiki

From Middle English candelstik, candelstikke, from Old English candelsticca (“candlestick”), equivalent to candle + stick. Cognate with Scots candilsteke, candilstik (“candlestick”). Compare Old Norse kertastika, kertistika (“candlestick”).

inh

(gymnastics) A gymnastics move in which the legs are pointed vertically upward.


cinta

From Late Latin cincta, plural of cinctum, variant of cinctus.


hevonen

hevonen (nominative singular)
hevoset (nominative plural)
hevonen (accusative nominative singular)
hevoset (accusative nominative plural)
hevosen (accusative genitive singular)
hevoset (accusative genitive plural)
hevosen (genitive singular)
hevosten (genitive plural)
hevosien (genitive plural)
hevosta (partitive singular)
hevosia (partitive plural)
hevosessa (inessive singular)
hevosissa (inessive plural)
hevosesta (elative singular)
hevosista (elative plural)
hevoseen (illative singular)
hevosiin (illative plural)
hevosella (adessive singular)
hevosilla (adessive plural)
hevoselta (ablative singular)
hevosilta (ablative plural)
hevoselle (allative singular)
hevosille (allative plural)
hevosena (essive singular)
hevosina (essive plural)
hevoseksi (singular translative)
hevosiksi (plural translative)
hevosetta (abessive singular)
hevositta (abessive plural)
hevosin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hevoseni (nominative singular)
hevoseni (nominative plural)
hevoseni (accusative nominative singular)
hevoseni (accusative nominative plural)
hevoseni (accusative genitive singular)
hevoseni (accusative genitive plural)
hevoseni (genitive singular)
hevosteni (genitive plural)
hevosieni (genitive plural)
hevostani (partitive singular)
hevosiani (partitive plural)
hevosessani (inessive singular)
hevosissani (inessive plural)
hevosestani (elative singular)
hevosistani (elative plural)
hevoseeni (illative singular)
hevosiini (illative plural)
hevosellani (adessive singular)
hevosillani (adessive plural)
hevoseltani (ablative singular)
hevosiltani (ablative plural)
hevoselleni (allative singular)
hevosilleni (allative plural)
hevosenani (essive singular)
hevosinani (essive plural)
hevosekseni (singular translative)
hevosikseni (plural translative)
hevosettani (abessive singular)
hevosittani (abessive plural)
hevosineni (comitative plural)
hevosesi (nominative singular)
hevosesi (nominative plural)
hevosesi (accusative nominative singular)
hevosesi (accusative nominative plural)
hevosesi (accusative genitive singular)
hevosesi (accusative genitive plural)
hevosesi (genitive singular)
hevostesi (genitive plural)
hevosiesi (genitive plural)
hevostasi (partitive singular)
hevosiasi (partitive plural)
hevosessasi (inessive singular)
hevosissasi (inessive plural)
hevosestasi (elative singular)
hevosistasi (elative plural)
hevoseesi (illative singular)
hevosiisi (illative plural)
hevosellasi (adessive singular)
hevosillasi (adessive plural)
hevoseltasi (ablative singular)
hevosiltasi (ablative plural)
hevosellesi (allative singular)
hevosillesi (allative plural)
hevosenasi (essive singular)
hevosinasi (essive plural)
hevoseksesi (singular translative)
hevosiksesi (plural translative)
hevosettasi (abessive singular)
hevosittasi (abessive plural)
hevosinesi (comitative plural)
hevosemme (nominative singular)
hevosemme (nominative plural)
hevosemme (accusative nominative singular)
hevosemme (accusative nominative plural)
hevosemme (accusative genitive singular)
hevosemme (accusative genitive plural)
hevosemme (genitive singular)
hevostemme (genitive plural)
hevosiemme (genitive plural)
hevostamme (partitive singular)
hevosiamme (partitive plural)
hevosessamme (inessive singular)
hevosissamme (inessive plural)
hevosestamme (elative singular)
hevosistamme (elative plural)
hevoseemme (illative singular)
hevosiimme (illative plural)
hevosellamme (adessive singular)
hevosillamme (adessive plural)
hevoseltamme (ablative singular)
hevosiltamme (ablative plural)
hevosellemme (allative singular)
hevosillemme (allative plural)
hevosenamme (essive singular)
hevosinamme (essive plural)
hevoseksemme (singular translative)
hevosiksemme (plural translative)
hevosettamme (abessive singular)
hevosittamme (abessive plural)
hevosinemme (comitative plural)
hevosenne (nominative singular)
hevosenne (nominative plural)
hevosenne (accusative nominative singular)
hevosenne (accusative nominative plural)
hevosenne (accusative genitive singular)
hevosenne (accusative genitive plural)
hevosenne (genitive singular)
hevostenne (genitive plural)
hevosienne (genitive plural)
hevostanne (partitive singular)
hevosianne (partitive plural)
hevosessanne (inessive singular)
hevosissanne (inessive plural)
hevosestanne (elative singular)
hevosistanne (elative plural)
hevoseenne (illative singular)
hevosiinne (illative plural)
hevosellanne (adessive singular)
hevosillanne (adessive plural)
hevoseltanne (ablative singular)
hevosiltanne (ablative plural)
hevosellenne (allative singular)
hevosillenne (allative plural)
hevosenanne (essive singular)
hevosinanne (essive plural)
hevoseksenne (singular translative)
hevosiksenne (plural translative)
hevosettanne (abessive singular)
hevosittanne (abessive plural)
hevosinenne (comitative plural)
hevosensa (nominative singular)
hevosensa (nominative plural)
hevosensa (accusative nominative singular)
hevosensa (accusative nominative plural)
hevosensa (accusative genitive singular)
hevosensa (accusative genitive plural)
hevosensa (genitive singular)
hevostensa (genitive plural)
hevosiensa (genitive plural)
hevostaan (partitive singular)
hevostansa (partitive singular)
hevosiaan (partitive plural)
hevosiansa (partitive plural)
hevosessaan (inessive singular)
hevosessansa (inessive singular)
hevosissaan (inessive plural)
hevosissansa (inessive plural)
hevosestaan (elative singular)
hevosestansa (elative singular)
hevosistaan (elative plural)
hevosistansa (elative plural)
hevoseensa (illative singular)
hevosiinsa (illative plural)
hevosellaan (adessive singular)
hevosellansa (adessive singular)
hevosillaan (adessive plural)
hevosillansa (adessive plural)
hevoseltaan (ablative singular)
hevoseltansa (ablative singular)
hevosiltaan (ablative plural)
hevosiltansa (ablative plural)
hevoselleen (allative singular)
hevosellensa (allative singular)
hevosilleen (allative plural)
hevosillensa (allative plural)
hevosenaan (essive singular)
hevosenansa (essive singular)
hevosinaan (essive plural)
hevosinansa (essive plural)
hevosekseen (singular translative)
hevoseksensa (singular translative)
hevosikseen (plural translative)
hevosiksensa (plural translative)
hevosettaan (abessive singular)
hevosettansa (abessive singular)
hevosittaan (abessive plural)
hevosittansa (abessive plural)
hevosineen (comitative plural)
hevosinensa (comitative plural)
heponen (alternative archaic dialectal)
hevoinen (alternative archaic dialectal)
hepoinen (alternative archaic dialectal)

From Proto-Finnic *hëpoinën, roughly equivalent to hepo + -(i)nen. The weak grade -v- originates from the southwestern dialects, while the expected strong-grade heponen is only found in dialects, mainly in the southeast. Compare cognates in other Finnic languages such as Estonian hobune, Karelian hepoine. See hepo, *hëpo for further etymology.


voltti

voltti (nominative singular)
voltit (nominative plural)
voltti (accusative nominative singular)
voltit (accusative nominative plural)
voltin (accusative genitive singular)
voltit (accusative genitive plural)
voltin (genitive singular)
volttien (genitive plural)
volttia (partitive singular)
voltteja (partitive plural)
voltissa (inessive singular)
volteissa (inessive plural)
voltista (elative singular)
volteista (elative plural)
volttiin (illative singular)
voltteihin (illative plural)
voltilla (adessive singular)
volteilla (adessive plural)
voltilta (ablative singular)
volteilta (ablative plural)
voltille (allative singular)
volteille (allative plural)
volttina (essive singular)
voltteina (essive plural)
voltiksi (singular translative)
volteiksi (plural translative)
voltitta (abessive singular)
volteitta (abessive plural)
voltein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
volttini (nominative singular)
volttini (nominative plural)
volttini (accusative nominative singular)
volttini (accusative nominative plural)
volttini (accusative genitive singular)
volttini (accusative genitive plural)
volttini (genitive singular)
volttieni (genitive plural)
volttiani (partitive singular)
volttejani (partitive plural)
voltissani (inessive singular)
volteissani (inessive plural)
voltistani (elative singular)
volteistani (elative plural)
volttiini (illative singular)
voltteihini (illative plural)
voltillani (adessive singular)
volteillani (adessive plural)
voltiltani (ablative singular)
volteiltani (ablative plural)
voltilleni (allative singular)
volteilleni (allative plural)
volttinani (essive singular)
voltteinani (essive plural)
voltikseni (singular translative)
volteikseni (plural translative)
voltittani (abessive singular)
volteittani (abessive plural)
voltteineni (comitative plural)
volttisi (nominative singular)
volttisi (nominative plural)
volttisi (accusative nominative singular)
volttisi (accusative nominative plural)
volttisi (accusative genitive singular)
volttisi (accusative genitive plural)
volttisi (genitive singular)
volttiesi (genitive plural)
volttiasi (partitive singular)
volttejasi (partitive plural)
voltissasi (inessive singular)
volteissasi (inessive plural)
voltistasi (elative singular)
volteistasi (elative plural)
volttiisi (illative singular)
voltteihisi (illative plural)
voltillasi (adessive singular)
volteillasi (adessive plural)
voltiltasi (ablative singular)
volteiltasi (ablative plural)
voltillesi (allative singular)
volteillesi (allative plural)
volttinasi (essive singular)
voltteinasi (essive plural)
voltiksesi (singular translative)
volteiksesi (plural translative)
voltittasi (abessive singular)
volteittasi (abessive plural)
voltteinesi (comitative plural)
volttimme (nominative singular)
volttimme (nominative plural)
volttimme (accusative nominative singular)
volttimme (accusative nominative plural)
volttimme (accusative genitive singular)
volttimme (accusative genitive plural)
volttimme (genitive singular)
volttiemme (genitive plural)
volttiamme (partitive singular)
volttejamme (partitive plural)
voltissamme (inessive singular)
volteissamme (inessive plural)
voltistamme (elative singular)
volteistamme (elative plural)
volttiimme (illative singular)
voltteihimme (illative plural)
voltillamme (adessive singular)
volteillamme (adessive plural)
voltiltamme (ablative singular)
volteiltamme (ablative plural)
voltillemme (allative singular)
volteillemme (allative plural)
volttinamme (essive singular)
voltteinamme (essive plural)
voltiksemme (singular translative)
volteiksemme (plural translative)
voltittamme (abessive singular)
volteittamme (abessive plural)
voltteinemme (comitative plural)
volttinne (nominative singular)
volttinne (nominative plural)
volttinne (accusative nominative singular)
volttinne (accusative nominative plural)
volttinne (accusative genitive singular)
volttinne (accusative genitive plural)
volttinne (genitive singular)
volttienne (genitive plural)
volttianne (partitive singular)
volttejanne (partitive plural)
voltissanne (inessive singular)
volteissanne (inessive plural)
voltistanne (elative singular)
volteistanne (elative plural)
volttiinne (illative singular)
voltteihinne (illative plural)
voltillanne (adessive singular)
volteillanne (adessive plural)
voltiltanne (ablative singular)
volteiltanne (ablative plural)
voltillenne (allative singular)
volteillenne (allative plural)
volttinanne (essive singular)
voltteinanne (essive plural)
voltiksenne (singular translative)
volteiksenne (plural translative)
voltittanne (abessive singular)
volteittanne (abessive plural)
voltteinenne (comitative plural)
volttinsa (nominative singular)
volttinsa (nominative plural)
volttinsa (accusative nominative singular)
volttinsa (accusative nominative plural)
volttinsa (accusative genitive singular)
volttinsa (accusative genitive plural)
volttinsa (genitive singular)
volttiensa (genitive plural)
volttiaan (partitive singular)
volttiansa (partitive singular)
volttejaan (partitive plural)
volttejansa (partitive plural)
voltissaan (inessive singular)
voltissansa (inessive singular)
volteissaan (inessive plural)
volteissansa (inessive plural)
voltistaan (elative singular)
voltistansa (elative singular)
volteistaan (elative plural)
volteistansa (elative plural)
volttiinsa (illative singular)
voltteihinsa (illative plural)
voltillaan (adessive singular)
voltillansa (adessive singular)
volteillaan (adessive plural)
volteillansa (adessive plural)
voltiltaan (ablative singular)
voltiltansa (ablative singular)
volteiltaan (ablative plural)
volteiltansa (ablative plural)
voltilleen (allative singular)
voltillensa (allative singular)
volteilleen (allative plural)
volteillensa (allative plural)
volttinaan (essive singular)
volttinansa (essive singular)
voltteinaan (essive plural)
voltteinansa (essive plural)
voltikseen (singular translative)
voltiksensa (singular translative)
volteikseen (plural translative)
volteiksensa (plural translative)
voltittaan (abessive singular)
voltittansa (abessive singular)
volteittaan (abessive plural)
volteittansa (abessive plural)
voltteineen (comitative plural)
voltteinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish volt, from German Volte, from Italian volta.

[ˈʋo̞l̪t̪ːi]

(gymnastics) somersault (act of going head over heels without touching the ground, in any which way)

(gymnastics) frontflip (act of doing a single forward somersault on the floor)


crucifix

From Middle English crucifix, from Old French crocefis (French crucifix), from Latin crucifixus.

(gymnastics) The iron cross, a position on the rings where the gymnast holds the rings straight out on either side of the body.


ló

lovak (plural)
ló (nominative singular)
lovak (nominative plural)
lovat (accusative singular)
lovakat (accusative plural)
lónak (dative singular)
lovaknak (dative plural)
lóval (instrumental singular)
lovakkal (instrumental plural)
lóért (causal-final singular)
lovakért (causal-final plural)
lóvá (singular translative)
lovakká (plural translative)
lóig (singular terminative)
lovakig (plural terminative)
lóként (essive-formal singular)
lovakként (essive-formal plural)
lóban (inessive singular)
lovakban (inessive plural)
lovon (singular superessive)
lovakon (plural superessive)
lónál (adessive singular)
lovaknál (adessive plural)
lóba (illative singular)
lovakba (illative plural)
lóra (singular sublative)
lovakra (plural sublative)
lóhoz (allative singular)
lovakhoz (allative plural)
lóból (elative singular)
lovakból (elative plural)
lóról (delative singular)
lovakról (delative plural)
lótól (ablative singular)
lovaktól (ablative plural)
lóé (singular)
lovaké (plural)
lóéi (singular)
lovakéi (plural)
lovam (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
lovaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
lovad (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
lovaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
lova (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
lovai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
lovunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
lovaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
lovatok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
lovaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
lovuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
lovaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Proto-Ugric *luɣe ~ *luwɜ; further from possibly Proto-Tocharian *l(ə)wa (“prey, livestock”) (cf. Tocharian B luwo (“animal”)). Compare Northern Mansi лув (luv) and Eastern Khanty ԓӑв (łăw).


Aufzug

de-noun

Aufzug m (strong, genitive Aufzuges or Aufzugs, plural Aufzüge)

Aufzuges (genitive)
Aufzugs (genitive)
Aufzüge (plural)
Aufzug (nominative singular)
Aufzüge (definite nominative plural)
Aufzuges (genitive singular)
Aufzugs (genitive singular)
Aufzüge (definite genitive plural)
Aufzug (dative singular)
Aufzuge (dative singular)
Aufzügen (dative definite plural)
Aufzug (accusative singular)
Aufzüge (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ūfzuc, verbal noun of ūfziehen.

(gymnastics) ellipsis of Felgaufzug or Hüftaufzug (“upward circle, circle-up”)


dismount

From dis- + mount, probably a calque of Old French desmonter.

It was a stylish routine, let down by a sloppy dismount.

(gymnastics) The part of a routine in which the gymnast detaches from an apparatus.


giant

giants (plural)
giaunt (alternative obsolete)

/ˈd͡ʒʌɪ.ənt/

[ˈd͡ʒəɪ̯(ə)nt]

From Middle English geaunt, geant, from Old French geant, gaiant (Modern French géant) from Vulgar Latin *gagās, gagant-, from Latin gigās, gigant-, from Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas, “giant”) Cognate to giga- (“1,000,000,000”). Displaced native Old English ent. Compare Modern English ent (“giant tree-man”).

(gymnastics) A maneuver involving a full rotation around an axis while fully extended.


hollow

en-adj

hollow (comparative hollower, superlative hollowest)

hollower (comparative)
hollowest (superlative)
hallow (alternative)
holler (alternative Southern-US dialectal especially nonstandard)

From Middle English holowe, holwe, holuȝ, holgh, from the noun (see above).

hollow body position
hollow body position

(gymnastics) Pertaining to hollow body position


puck

The puck position is allowed during competitions when performing multi-twisting multiple somersaults.

2013, The Sports Book: The Sports, the Rules, the Tactics, the Techniques:

(trampoline, gymnastics) A body position between the pike and tuck positions, with knees slightly bent and folded in; open tuck.


support

en-noun

support (countable and uncountable, plural supports)

From Middle English support, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French support. Displaced Old English wraþu.

Dip down as far as you are able, aiming to descend to the bottom of your sternum. Press back up to a support.

2008, Christopher Sommer, Building the Gymnastic Body, the Science of Gymnastic Strength Training, page 88:

support position
support position#English

(gymnastics) Clipping of support position.


mortal

From Old Galician-Portuguese mortal, and their source Latin mortālis, from mors (“death”).


mortal

From Old Galician-Portuguese mortal, and their source Latin mortālis, from mors (“death”). By surface analysis, morte + -al.


waterfall

/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/

From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”).

(gymnastics) A kind of handstand with chin tucked and back arched.


barre

head

barre c (singular definite barren, plural indefinite barrer)

barren (definite singular)
barrer (indefinite plural)
barre (indefinite nominative singular)
barren (definite nominative singular)
barrer (indefinite nominative plural)
barrerne (definite nominative plural)
barres (genitive indefinite singular)
barrens (definite genitive singular)
barrers (genitive indefinite plural)
barrernes (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from French barre (“bar, ingot”).


baton

(gymnastics, juggling) A rod twirled in a marching band's performance, in a gymnastic sport, or in juggling.


beam

From Middle English beem, from Old English bēam (“tree, cross, gallows, column, pillar, wood, beam, splint, post, stock, rafter, piece of wood”), from Proto-West Germanic *baum, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz (“tree, beam, balk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to grow, swell”). Cognate with West Frisian beam (“tree”), Saterland Frisian Boom (“tree”), Dutch boom (“tree”), German Low German Boom (“tree”), German Baum (“tree”), Luxembourgish Bam (“tree”), Albanian bimë (“a plant”). Doublet of boom.
The original English meaning of beam ("tree") is preserved in some compound words such as quickbeam.
The verb is from Middle English bemen, from Old English bēamian (“to shine, to cast forth rays or beams of light”), from the noun.


dislocation

en-noun

dislocation (countable and uncountable, plural dislocations)

From Middle English, from Old French, a borrowing from Medieval Latin dislocātiō, delocatio.

The practice of contortion can be divided into three categories: backbending, frontbending and dislocation.

2016, Louis Patrick Leroux, Charles R. Batson, Cirque Global: Quebec's Expanding Circus Boundaries, McGill-Queen's Press, →ISBN, page 297:

(gymnastics, dance) In men's gymnastics, a rotating of the shoulders when performing a backwards turn on the still rings. Many skills in acrobatics appear to involve dislocating a joint, when they actually do not.


mount

From Middle English mounten, from Anglo-Norman munter, from Vulgar Latin *montāre (“climb”), from Latin montem (“mountain”). Compare modern French monter.

(gymnastics) The act of getting onto the apparatus.


beamer

(gymnastics, slang) A gymnast proficient with or specializing in the balance beam.


vault

Borrowed from Middle French volter (“to turn or spin around; to frolic”), borrowed from Italian voltare, itself from a Vulgar Latin frequentative form of Latin volvere; later assimilated to Etymology 1, above.

bor

(gymnastics) A piece of apparatus used for performing jumps.

(gymnastics) A gymnastic movement performed on this apparatus.

(gymnastics) An event or performance involving a vaulting horse.


paard

nl-noun

paard n (plural paarden, diminutive paardje n)

paarden (plural)
paardje (diminutive neuter)
perd (alternative dialectal)
peerd (alternative dialectal)

desctree

Afrikaans: perd
→ Phuthi: ipere
→ Sotho: pere

Jersey Dutch: pêrt, pêrd

→ English: prad

From Middle Dutch pert, pāert, from Old Dutch *pered, *perid, from Proto-West Germanic *parafred, from Late Latin paraverēdus. Compare German Pferd. Doublet of palefroot.


Maltese cross

(gymnastics) A position on the rings where the gymnast's body is horizontal and straight, with arms to the side; a horizontal planche.


roly-poly

en-noun

roly-poly (countable and uncountable, plural roly-polys or roly-polies)

roly-polys (plural)
roly-polies (plural)
rolly polly (alternative)
rolly-poly (alternative)
rolly-pooly (alternative)

/ˌɹəʊlɪˈpəʊli/

The noun is apparently derived from roll (“to turn over and over”) + -y (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘having the quality of’), reduplicated with a change of the initial consonant. Compare rolly (“having the ability to roll, rolling”, adjective), which is attested since the 19th century.
Sense 1.7 (“mischievous or worthless person”) is possibly influenced by poll (“head; (archaic) scalp; (by extension) person”).
The adjective and adverb are attested later than the noun, and so are probably derived from it.

suffix

When you are finished with circle time, dismiss your children by helping each one do a roly-poly roll (a somersault) and roll away to their next activity.

1994, Patty Claycomb, “Roly-poly”, in Gayle Bittinger, editor, Bear Hugs for Circle Time: Positive Activities that Encourage Children to Pay Attention, Everett, Wash.: Warren Publishing House, →ISBN, page 14:

Children of this age can rarely complete a forward roll or somersault properly. […] A ‘roly poly’ roll or a tucked sideways roll will give the children just as much pleasure and also enough exercise and knowlege of turning and rolling at this stage of their development.

1997, Pauline Wetton, “Nursery Class Activities for the Primary School Hall”, in Physical Education in the Early Years (Teaching and Learning in the First Three Years at School), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 57:

(gymnastics) A forward roll or sideways roll.


walkover

walkovers (plural)
walk-over (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-walkover.wav

(gymnastics) A backbend combined with a handstand.

souplesse

gymnastics: backbend combined with a handstand


pullover

→ Bulgarian: пуловер (pulover)

→ Catalan: pul·lòver

→ Danish: pullover

→ Esperanto: pulovero

→ French: pull-over

→ Gulf Arabic: بلوڤر (blōvar)

→ German: Pullover

→ Hungarian: pulóver

→ Greek: πουλόβερ (poulóver)

→ Italian: pullover

→ Japanese: プルオーバー (puruōbā)

→ Georgian: პულოვერი (ṗuloveri)

→ Korean: 풀오버 (purobeo)

→ Polish: pulower

→ Portuguese: pulôver

→ Russian: пуло́вер (pulóver)

→ Sicilian: pullover

→ Spanish: pulóver

→ Swedish: pullover

(gymnastics, horizontal bar) An exercise in which the gymnast pulls up from a hang lifting the legs up and over the bar thus rolling into a support position.


tuck

en-noun

tuck (countable and uncountable, plural tucks)

From Middle English tuken, touken (“to torment, to stretch (cloth)”), from Old English tūcian (“to torment, vex”) and Middle Dutch tucken (“to tuck”), both from Proto-Germanic *teuh-, *teug- (“to draw, pull”) (compare also *tukkōną), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”). Akin to Old High German zucchen (“to snatch, tug”), zuchôn (“to jerk”), German Low German tuken (“to tug, pluck, grab and pull towards”), Old English tēon (“to draw, pull, train”). Doublet of touch.

cog

(diving, gymnastics) A curled position, with the shins held towards the body.


flip

First attested 1716, borrowed from English flip.


vaulting horse

(gymnastics) An apparatus with an upholstered body but no pommels; since about 2000 replaced with vault, also called vaulting table.


pike

From Middle English pyke, pyk, pik, pike (“pike; sharp point, iron tip of a staff or spear, pointed toe of an item of footwear; sharp tool; mountain, peak”), from Old English pīc (“pointed object, pick axe”), and Middle French pique (“long thrusting weapon”), from Old French pic (“sharp point, spike”); both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *pīk, from Proto-Germanic *pīkaz, *pīkō (“sharp point, pike, peak”), related to pick with a narrower meaning.
The word is cognate with Middle Dutch pecke, peke, picke (modern Dutch piek), German Pike, Norwegian pik, Danish pig, and possibly Old Irish pīk. It is a doublet of pique.
The diving or gymnastics position is probably from tapered appearance of the body when the position is executed.
The carnivorous freshwater fish is probably derived from the “sharp point, spike” senses, due to the fish’s pointed jaws.
The verb sense “to quit or back out of a promise” may be from the sense of taking up pilgrim's staff or pike and leaving on a pilgrimage; and compare Middle English pī̆ken (“to go, remove oneself”) and Old Danish pikke af (“to go away”).

cog

She sprang into the air and jack-knifed into a clumsy pike before following her hands into the water.

2000, J[ames] G[raham] Ballard, Super-Cannes, London: Flamingo, →ISBN; republished London: Fourth Estate, 2011, →ISBN, page 167:

Guo and Wu took a big lead after the second dive, a back dive in pike position, which the judges awarded three perfect tens for synchronization.

2008 August 10, “China Wins First Diving Medal at Beijing Olympics”, in The Sports Network, archived from the original on 2013-07-28:

(diving, gymnastics) A position with the knees straight and a tight bend at the hips with the torso folded over the legs, usually part of a jack-knife.


pike

en-verb

pike (third-person singular simple present pikes, present participle piking, simple past and past participle piked)

pikes (present singular third-person)
piking (participle present)
piked (participle past)
piked (past)

In the early stages he can do this by bending at the elbows (no more than 90) as he pikes the legs and straightens the arms in co-ordination with the upward swing of the cast, so that the whole body is extended as he reaches handstand.

1979, Peter Tatlow, editor, Gymnastics: All the Beauty and Skills of This Thrilling Sport, Auckland: McGraw-Hill, →ISBN:

At the front of her swing she pikes to wrap her legs under the low bar.

1980, Karen Folger Jacobs, The Story of a Young Gymnast: Tracee Talavera, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 98:

She stood on the block bending slowly; her hands now on the front of the blocks, she dove straight out. Piking, she came up doing the stroke she was famous for—the butterfly.

2012, Charles Fierro, “Tom”, in Dinkletown Road, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 50:

A diver jumps off the 3 m platform. She is in a stretched-out position (a layout) and barely rotating at first. Then she flexes at the hips and folds herself in half (she pikes), and her rotation speeds up as if by magic.

2013, Peter M[erton] McGinnis, Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise, 3rd edition, Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics, →ISBN, page 196:

(ambitransitive, diving, gymnastics) To assume a pike position.


trampoline

Borrowed from Spanish trampolín or Italian trampolino. See also French tremplin.


EGR

(gymnastics) Initialism of element group requirements.


sild

silla (genitive)
silda (partitive)
sild (nominative singular)
sillad (nominative plural)
sild (accusative nominative singular)
sillad (accusative nominative plural)
silla (accusative genitive singular)
sillad (accusative genitive plural)
silla (genitive singular)
sildade (genitive plural)
silda (partitive singular)
sildu (partitive plural)
sildasid (partitive plural)
silda (illative singular)
sillasse (illative singular)
sildadesse (illative plural)
sillusse (illative plural)
sillas (inessive singular)
sildades (inessive plural)
sillus (inessive plural)
sillast (elative singular)
sildadest (elative plural)
sillust (elative plural)
sillale (allative singular)
sildadele (allative plural)
sillule (allative plural)
sillal (adessive singular)
sildadel (adessive plural)
sillul (adessive plural)
sillalt (ablative singular)
sildadelt (ablative plural)
sillult (ablative plural)
sillaks (singular translative)
sildadeks (plural translative)
silluks (plural translative)
sillani (singular terminative)
sildadeni (plural terminative)
sillana (essive singular)
sildadena (essive plural)
sillata (abessive singular)
sildadeta (abessive plural)
sillaga (comitative singular)
sildadega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *cilta, earlier *tilta, from a Baltic language (cf. Latvian tilts, Lithuanian tiltas). Cognates include Finnish silta, Ingrian silta, silda, Livonian sīlda, Livvi sildu, Ludian šild, Veps süud, sild, Võro sild, Votic siltõ and Northern Sami šaldi (the latter is derived from Proto-Finnic).

(gymnastics, dance, wrestling) bridge position, backbend


layout

→ German: Layout

→ Dutch: lay-out

→ Polish: layout

→ Portuguese: layout

→ Russian: лейаут (lejaut)

→ Swedish: layout

(gymnastics) A fully stretched out position of the body, with toes pointed and legs straight.


rings

(gymnastics) A gymnastics apparatus and discipline consisting of two rings suspended from a bar.

(post-mid century) Ellipsis of still rings.


козёл

ru-noun+

козёл • (kozjól) m anim or m inan (genitive козла́, nominative plural козлы́, genitive plural козло́в, feminine коза́, relational adjective козли́ный, diminutive ко́злик, augmentative козли́ще)

kozjól (romanization)
козла́ (genitive)
козлы́ (nominative plural)
козло́в (genitive plural)
коза́ (feminine)
козли́ный (adjective relational)
ко́злик (diminutive)
козли́ще (augmentative)
козёл (nominative singular)
козлы́ (nominative plural)
козла́ (genitive singular)
козло́в (genitive plural)
козлу́ (dative singular)
козла́м (dative plural)
козла́ (accusative animate singular)
козло́в (accusative animate plural)
козёл (accusative inanimate singular)
козлы́ (accusative inanimate plural)
козло́м (instrumental singular)
козла́ми (instrumental plural)
козле́ (prepositional singular)
козла́х (plural prepositional)
козёлъ (alternative)

Inherited from Old East Slavic козьлъ (kozĭlŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kozьlъ (“he-goat”), from *koza (“she-goat”) + *-ьlъ.

inh+

(gymnastics) buck, a leather-covered frame used for gymnastic vaulting


Barren

de-noun

Barren m (strong, genitive Barrens, plural Barren)

Barrens (genitive)
Barren (plural)
Barren (nominative singular)
Barren (definite nominative plural)
Barrens (genitive singular)
Barren (definite genitive plural)
Barren (dative singular)
Barren (dative definite plural)
Barren (accusative singular)
Barren (accusative definite plural)

Bahren (some speakers, chiefly in casual speech)

From Middle High German barre, from Old French barre.


Bock

From Middle High German boc, poc, from Old High German boc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk. Cognate to English buck, German Bock, Dutch bok, Norwegian bukk, Swedish bock, Danish buk.

(gymnastics) an apparatus for performing jumps, similar to a vaulting horse but shorter.


Bock

Bock m (strong, genitive Bockes or Bocks, plural Böcke, diminutive Böckchen n or Böcklein n)

Bockes (genitive)
Bocks (genitive)
Böcke (plural)
Böckchen (diminutive neuter)
Böcklein (diminutive neuter)
Bock (nominative singular)
Böcke (definite nominative plural)
Bockes (genitive singular)
Bocks (genitive singular)
Böcke (definite genitive plural)
Bock (dative singular)
Bocke (dative singular)
Böcken (dative definite plural)
Bock (accusative singular)
Böcke (accusative definite plural)

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)

From Middle High German boc, poc, from Old High German boc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk. Cognate to English buck, Bavarian Bock, Dutch bok, Norwegian bukk, Swedish bock, Danish buk.


Rad

Rad n (strong, genitive Rades or Rads, plural Räder, diminutive Rädchen n)

Rades (genitive)
Rads (genitive)
Räder (plural)
Rädchen (diminutive neuter)
Rad (nominative singular)
Räder (definite nominative plural)
Rades (genitive singular)
Rads (genitive singular)
Räder (definite genitive plural)
Rad (dative singular)
Rade (dative singular)
Rädern (dative definite plural)
Rad (accusative singular)
Räder (accusative definite plural)

→ Palauan: rrat

prescriptive standard; especially southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland

predominant in northern and parts of central Germany; but inflected forms with a long vowel

From Middle High German rat, from Old High German rad, from Proto-West Germanic *raþ, from Proto-Germanic *raþą, from Proto-Indo-European *Hret- (“to roll”).
Related to Swedish ratt (“steering wheel”) and Finnish ratti (“steering wheel”). Also related to English rotary and Spanish rueda (“wheel”), which descended from the same PIE root through Latin rota.


Reck

Reck n (strong, genitive Reckes or Recks, plural Recke or Recks)

Reckes (genitive)
Recks (genitive)
Recke (plural)
Recks (plural)
Reck (nominative singular)
Recke (definite nominative plural)
Recks (definite nominative plural)
Reckes (genitive singular)
Recks (genitive singular)
Recke (definite genitive plural)
Recks (definite genitive plural)
Reck (dative singular)
Recke (dative singular)
Recken (dative definite plural)
Recks (dative definite plural)
Reck (accusative singular)
Recke (accusative definite plural)
Recks (accusative definite plural)

From Low German and Middle Low German recke (“crossbar”), ultimately from the root of Rah (“yard”). Cognate with Dutch rek (“pole, clothes-horse”).


koń

pl-noun

koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative konisko, related adjective koński)

konik (diminutive)
konisko (augmentative)
koński (adjective)
koń (nominative singular)
konie (nominative plural)
konia (genitive singular)
koni (genitive plural)
koniowi (dative singular)
koniom (dative plural)
konia (accusative singular)
konie (accusative plural)
koniem (instrumental singular)
końmi (instrumental plural)
koniu (locative singular)
koniach (locative plural)
koniu (singular vocative)
konie (plural vocative)
kłyń (alternative)

darowanemu koniowi nie patrzy się w zęby

(gymnastics) horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)


hestur

is-noun

hestur m (genitive singular hests, nominative plural hestar)

hests (genitive singular)
hestar (nominative plural)
hestur (indefinite nominative singular)
hesturinn (definite nominative singular)
hestar (indefinite nominative plural)
hestarnir (definite nominative plural)
hest (accusative indefinite singular)
hestinn (accusative definite singular)
hesta (accusative indefinite plural)
hestana (accusative definite plural)
hesti (dative indefinite singular)
hestinum (dative definite singular)
hestum (dative indefinite plural)
hestunum (dative definite plural)
hests (genitive indefinite singular)
hestsins (definite genitive singular)
hesta (genitive indefinite plural)
hestanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hangistaz, *hanhistaz.

(gymnastics) horse, pommel horse, vaulting horse


pino

From Latin pīnus. Doublet of pínus and pinho.


silta

silta (nominative singular)
sillat (nominative plural)
silta (accusative nominative singular)
sillat (accusative nominative plural)
sillan (accusative genitive singular)
sillat (accusative genitive plural)
sillan (genitive singular)
siltojen (genitive plural)
siltain (genitive plural rare)
siltaa (partitive singular)
siltoja (partitive plural)
sillassa (inessive singular)
silloissa (inessive plural)
sillasta (elative singular)
silloista (elative plural)
siltaan (illative singular)
siltoihin (illative plural)
sillalla (adessive singular)
silloilla (adessive plural)
sillalta (ablative singular)
silloilta (ablative plural)
sillalle (allative singular)
silloille (allative plural)
siltana (essive singular)
siltoina (essive plural)
sillaksi (singular translative)
silloiksi (plural translative)
sillatta (abessive singular)
silloitta (abessive plural)
silloin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
siltani (nominative singular)
siltani (nominative plural)
siltani (accusative nominative singular)
siltani (accusative nominative plural)
siltani (accusative genitive singular)
siltani (accusative genitive plural)
siltani (genitive singular)
siltojeni (genitive plural)
siltaini (genitive plural rare)
siltaani (partitive singular)
siltojani (partitive plural)
sillassani (inessive singular)
silloissani (inessive plural)
sillastani (elative singular)
silloistani (elative plural)
siltaani (illative singular)
siltoihini (illative plural)
sillallani (adessive singular)
silloillani (adessive plural)
sillaltani (ablative singular)
silloiltani (ablative plural)
sillalleni (allative singular)
silloilleni (allative plural)
siltanani (essive singular)
siltoinani (essive plural)
sillakseni (singular translative)
silloikseni (plural translative)
sillattani (abessive singular)
silloittani (abessive plural)
siltoineni (comitative plural)
siltasi (nominative singular)
siltasi (nominative plural)
siltasi (accusative nominative singular)
siltasi (accusative nominative plural)
siltasi (accusative genitive singular)
siltasi (accusative genitive plural)
siltasi (genitive singular)
siltojesi (genitive plural)
siltaisi (genitive plural rare)
siltaasi (partitive singular)
siltojasi (partitive plural)
sillassasi (inessive singular)
silloissasi (inessive plural)
sillastasi (elative singular)
silloistasi (elative plural)
siltaasi (illative singular)
siltoihisi (illative plural)
sillallasi (adessive singular)
silloillasi (adessive plural)
sillaltasi (ablative singular)
silloiltasi (ablative plural)
sillallesi (allative singular)
silloillesi (allative plural)
siltanasi (essive singular)
siltoinasi (essive plural)
sillaksesi (singular translative)
silloiksesi (plural translative)
sillattasi (abessive singular)
silloittasi (abessive plural)
siltoinesi (comitative plural)
siltamme (nominative singular)
siltamme (nominative plural)
siltamme (accusative nominative singular)
siltamme (accusative nominative plural)
siltamme (accusative genitive singular)
siltamme (accusative genitive plural)
siltamme (genitive singular)
siltojemme (genitive plural)
siltaimme (genitive plural rare)
siltaamme (partitive singular)
siltojamme (partitive plural)
sillassamme (inessive singular)
silloissamme (inessive plural)
sillastamme (elative singular)
silloistamme (elative plural)
siltaamme (illative singular)
siltoihimme (illative plural)
sillallamme (adessive singular)
silloillamme (adessive plural)
sillaltamme (ablative singular)
silloiltamme (ablative plural)
sillallemme (allative singular)
silloillemme (allative plural)
siltanamme (essive singular)
siltoinamme (essive plural)
sillaksemme (singular translative)
silloiksemme (plural translative)
sillattamme (abessive singular)
silloittamme (abessive plural)
siltoinemme (comitative plural)
siltanne (nominative singular)
siltanne (nominative plural)
siltanne (accusative nominative singular)
siltanne (accusative nominative plural)
siltanne (accusative genitive singular)
siltanne (accusative genitive plural)
siltanne (genitive singular)
siltojenne (genitive plural)
siltainne (genitive plural rare)
siltaanne (partitive singular)
siltojanne (partitive plural)
sillassanne (inessive singular)
silloissanne (inessive plural)
sillastanne (elative singular)
silloistanne (elative plural)
siltaanne (illative singular)
siltoihinne (illative plural)
sillallanne (adessive singular)
silloillanne (adessive plural)
sillaltanne (ablative singular)
silloiltanne (ablative plural)
sillallenne (allative singular)
silloillenne (allative plural)
siltananne (essive singular)
siltoinanne (essive plural)
sillaksenne (singular translative)
silloiksenne (plural translative)
sillattanne (abessive singular)
silloittanne (abessive plural)
siltoinenne (comitative plural)
siltansa (nominative singular)
siltansa (nominative plural)
siltansa (accusative nominative singular)
siltansa (accusative nominative plural)
siltansa (accusative genitive singular)
siltansa (accusative genitive plural)
siltansa (genitive singular)
siltojensa (genitive plural)
siltainsa (genitive plural rare)
siltaansa (partitive singular)
siltojaan (partitive plural)
siltojansa (partitive plural)
sillassaan (inessive singular)
sillassansa (inessive singular)
silloissaan (inessive plural)
silloissansa (inessive plural)
sillastaan (elative singular)
sillastansa (elative singular)
silloistaan (elative plural)
silloistansa (elative plural)
siltaansa (illative singular)
siltoihinsa (illative plural)
sillallaan (adessive singular)
sillallansa (adessive singular)
silloillaan (adessive plural)
silloillansa (adessive plural)
sillaltaan (ablative singular)
sillaltansa (ablative singular)
silloiltaan (ablative plural)
silloiltansa (ablative plural)
sillalleen (allative singular)
sillallensa (allative singular)
silloilleen (allative plural)
silloillensa (allative plural)
siltanaan (essive singular)
siltanansa (essive singular)
siltoinaan (essive plural)
siltoinansa (essive plural)
sillakseen (singular translative)
sillaksensa (singular translative)
silloikseen (plural translative)
silloiksensa (plural translative)
sillattaan (abessive singular)
sillattansa (abessive singular)
silloittaan (abessive plural)
silloittansa (abessive plural)
siltoineen (comitative plural)
siltoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠il̪t̪ɑ̝]

From Proto-Finnic *cilta, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *tílˀta (compare Latvian tilts, Lithuanian tiltas).


мост

most (romanization)
мост (indefinite singular)
мо́стове (indefinite plural)
мо́сти (dialectal indefinite plural)
мосте́ве (dialectal indefinite plural)
мо́стът (definite singular subjective)
мо́стовете (definite plural subjective)
мо́стите (definite dialectal plural subjective)
мосте́вете (definite dialectal plural subjective)
мо́ста (definite objective singular)
мо́стовете (definite objective plural)
мо́стите (definite dialectal objective plural)
мосте́вете (definite dialectal objective plural)
мо́ста (count-form plural)

bg-ndecl

мост<+ове+и􂀿d􂁀+е́ве􂀿d􂁀>

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic мостъ (mostŭ), from Proto-Slavic *mostъ (“bridge”).


мост

mk-noun

мост • (most) m (plural мостови, diminutive мовче or мосте)

most (romanization)
мостови (plural)
мовче (diminutive)
мосте (diminutive)
мост (indefinite singular)
мостови (indefinite plural)
мостот (definite singular unspecified)
мостовите (definite plural unspecified)
мостов (definite proximal singular)
мостовиве (definite plural proximal)
мостон (definite distal singular)
мостовине (definite distal plural)
мосту (singular vocative)
мостови (plural vocative)
моста (count-form plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mostъ (“bridge”).


мост

ru-noun+

мост • (most) m inan (genitive моста́ or мо́ста^*, nominative plural мосты́, genitive plural мосто́в, relational adjective мостово́й, diminutive мо́стик or мосто́к) (* The alternative stress patterns in the singular "мо́ста", "мо́сту", "мо́стом", "мо́сте" are less common.)

most (romanization)
моста́ (genitive)
мо́ста^* (genitive)
мосты́ (nominative plural)
мосто́в (genitive plural)
мостово́й (adjective relational)
мо́стик (diminutive)
мосто́к (diminutive)
"мо́сту" (alternative)
мо́ст (nominative singular)
мосты́ (nominative plural)
моста́ (genitive singular)
мо́ста (genitive singular)
мосто́в (genitive plural)
мосту́ (dative singular)
мо́сту (dative singular)
моста́м (dative plural)
мо́ст (accusative singular)
мосты́ (accusative plural)
мосто́м (instrumental singular)
мо́стом (instrumental singular)
моста́ми (instrumental plural)
мосте́ (prepositional singular)
мо́сте (prepositional singular)
моста́х (plural prepositional)
на мосту́ (locative singular)
мостъ (alternative)

→ Kildin Sami: мо̄сст (mōsst)

Inherited from Old East Slavic мостъ (mostŭ), from Proto-Slavic *mostъ (“bridge”).


amplitude

en-noun

amplitude (countable and uncountable, plural amplitudes)

Borrowed from Middle French amplitude, from Latin amplitūdō, from amplus (“large”). By surface analysis, ample + -itude.

(gymnastics) The range of motion of the gymnast's body while performing a skill.


кон

bg-noun

кон • (kon) m (feminine коби́ла, relational adjective ко́нен or ко́нски, diminutive ко́нче)

kon (romanization)
коби́ла (feminine)
ко́нен (adjective relational)
ко́нски (adjective relational)
ко́нче (diminutive)
кон (indefinite singular)
коне́ (indefinite plural)
ко́ни (dialectal indefinite plural)
кони́ (dialectal indefinite plural)
ко́ньове (dialectal indefinite plural)
коньо́ве (dialectal indefinite plural)
ко́нят (definite singular subjective)
коне́те (definite plural subjective)
ко́ните (definite dialectal plural subjective)
кони́те (definite dialectal plural subjective)
ко́ньовете (definite dialectal plural subjective)
коньо́вете (definite dialectal plural subjective)
ко́ня (definite objective singular)
коне́те (definite objective plural)
ко́ните (definite dialectal objective plural)
кони́те (definite dialectal objective plural)
ко́ньовете (definite dialectal objective plural)
коньо́вете (definite dialectal objective plural)
ко́ня (count-form plural)
ко́ню (singular vocative)
коне́ (plural vocative)
ко́ни (dialectal plural vocative)
кони́ (dialectal plural vocative)
ко́ньове (dialectal plural vocative)
коньо́ве (dialectal plural vocative)

bg-ndecl

кон<(ь)(v)+е́+и􂀿d􂁀+и́􂀿d􂁀+ьове􂀿d􂁀+ьо́ве􂀿d􂁀>

bg:кон
bg:кон (гимнастика)


BB

en-noun

BB (countable and uncountable, plural BBs)

BBs (plural)
B.B. (alternative)
B. B. (alternative)
bb (alternative)

(gymnastics) Abbreviation of balance beam.


coffee grinder

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-coffee grinder.wav

(dance, gymnastics) A circular sweep of the leg around the body while supporting oneself on one's hands.


spotter

the same function in the air force is also called Kampfbeobachter

then there is the term Beobachtungsoffizier m in general

contrasted with the Übungsleiter m meaning “trainer”

Due to a spotter's lack of action in holding the weight when a lifter lost her balance, the lifter badly pulled some muscles.

1981 December 12, Melissa Wills, “Moving Metal”, in Gay Community News, volume 9, number 21, page 10:

(weightlifting, gymnastics, climbing) One who supervises a person performing an activity, in order to help them should they be unable to complete it.


anello

From Latin ānellus, diminutive of ānus (“circle”). Compare Catalan anell, French anneau, Portuguese anel, Spanish anillo.


traction

Borrowed from Late Latin tractiōnem, from trahō.


bars

(sports) An apparatus on which certain gymnastics are performed, especially parallel bars.


rec

recuri (plural)
rec (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
recul (accusative definite nominative singular)
recuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
recurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
rec (indefinite singular)
recului (definite singular)
recuri (indefinite plural)
recurilor (definite plural)
recule (singular vocative)
recurilor (plural vocative)


rengas

rengas (nominative singular)
renkaat (nominative plural)
rengas (accusative nominative singular)
renkaat (accusative nominative plural)
renkaan (accusative genitive singular)
renkaat (accusative genitive plural)
renkaan (genitive singular)
renkaiden (genitive plural)
renkaitten (genitive plural)
rengasten (genitive plural rare)
rengasta (partitive singular)
renkaita (partitive plural)
renkaassa (inessive singular)
renkaissa (inessive plural)
renkaasta (elative singular)
renkaista (elative plural)
renkaaseen (illative singular)
renkaisiin (illative plural)
renkaihin (illative plural rare)
renkaalla (adessive singular)
renkailla (adessive plural)
renkaalta (ablative singular)
renkailta (ablative plural)
renkaalle (allative singular)
renkaille (allative plural)
renkaana (essive singular)
renkaina (essive plural)
renkaaksi (singular translative)
renkaiksi (plural translative)
renkaatta (abessive singular)
renkaitta (abessive plural)
renkain (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
renkaani (nominative singular)
renkaani (nominative plural)
renkaani (accusative nominative singular)
renkaani (accusative nominative plural)
renkaani (accusative genitive singular)
renkaani (accusative genitive plural)
renkaani (genitive singular)
renkaideni (genitive plural)
renkaitteni (genitive plural)
rengasteni (genitive plural rare)
rengastani (partitive singular)
renkaitani (partitive plural)
renkaassani (inessive singular)
renkaissani (inessive plural)
renkaastani (elative singular)
renkaistani (elative plural)
renkaaseeni (illative singular)
renkaisiini (illative plural)
renkaihini (illative plural rare)
renkaallani (adessive singular)
renkaillani (adessive plural)
renkaaltani (ablative singular)
renkailtani (ablative plural)
renkaalleni (allative singular)
renkailleni (allative plural)
renkaanani (essive singular)
renkainani (essive plural)
renkaakseni (singular translative)
renkaikseni (plural translative)
renkaattani (abessive singular)
renkaittani (abessive plural)
renkaineni (comitative plural)
renkaasi (nominative singular)
renkaasi (nominative plural)
renkaasi (accusative nominative singular)
renkaasi (accusative nominative plural)
renkaasi (accusative genitive singular)
renkaasi (accusative genitive plural)
renkaasi (genitive singular)
renkaidesi (genitive plural)
renkaittesi (genitive plural)
rengastesi (genitive plural rare)
rengastasi (partitive singular)
renkaitasi (partitive plural)
renkaassasi (inessive singular)
renkaissasi (inessive plural)
renkaastasi (elative singular)
renkaistasi (elative plural)
renkaaseesi (illative singular)
renkaisiisi (illative plural)
renkaihisi (illative plural rare)
renkaallasi (adessive singular)
renkaillasi (adessive plural)
renkaaltasi (ablative singular)
renkailtasi (ablative plural)
renkaallesi (allative singular)
renkaillesi (allative plural)
renkaanasi (essive singular)
renkainasi (essive plural)
renkaaksesi (singular translative)
renkaiksesi (plural translative)
renkaattasi (abessive singular)
renkaittasi (abessive plural)
renkainesi (comitative plural)
renkaamme (nominative singular)
renkaamme (nominative plural)
renkaamme (accusative nominative singular)
renkaamme (accusative nominative plural)
renkaamme (accusative genitive singular)
renkaamme (accusative genitive plural)
renkaamme (genitive singular)
renkaidemme (genitive plural)
renkaittemme (genitive plural)
rengastemme (genitive plural rare)
rengastamme (partitive singular)
renkaitamme (partitive plural)
renkaassamme (inessive singular)
renkaissamme (inessive plural)
renkaastamme (elative singular)
renkaistamme (elative plural)
renkaaseemme (illative singular)
renkaisiimme (illative plural)
renkaihimme (illative plural rare)
renkaallamme (adessive singular)
renkaillamme (adessive plural)
renkaaltamme (ablative singular)
renkailtamme (ablative plural)
renkaallemme (allative singular)
renkaillemme (allative plural)
renkaanamme (essive singular)
renkainamme (essive plural)
renkaaksemme (singular translative)
renkaiksemme (plural translative)
renkaattamme (abessive singular)
renkaittamme (abessive plural)
renkainemme (comitative plural)
renkaanne (nominative singular)
renkaanne (nominative plural)
renkaanne (accusative nominative singular)
renkaanne (accusative nominative plural)
renkaanne (accusative genitive singular)
renkaanne (accusative genitive plural)
renkaanne (genitive singular)
renkaidenne (genitive plural)
renkaittenne (genitive plural)
rengastenne (genitive plural rare)
rengastanne (partitive singular)
renkaitanne (partitive plural)
renkaassanne (inessive singular)
renkaissanne (inessive plural)
renkaastanne (elative singular)
renkaistanne (elative plural)
renkaaseenne (illative singular)
renkaisiinne (illative plural)
renkaihinne (illative plural rare)
renkaallanne (adessive singular)
renkaillanne (adessive plural)
renkaaltanne (ablative singular)
renkailtanne (ablative plural)
renkaallenne (allative singular)
renkaillenne (allative plural)
renkaananne (essive singular)
renkainanne (essive plural)
renkaaksenne (singular translative)
renkaiksenne (plural translative)
renkaattanne (abessive singular)
renkaittanne (abessive plural)
renkainenne (comitative plural)
renkaansa (nominative singular)
renkaansa (nominative plural)
renkaansa (accusative nominative singular)
renkaansa (accusative nominative plural)
renkaansa (accusative genitive singular)
renkaansa (accusative genitive plural)
renkaansa (genitive singular)
renkaidensa (genitive plural)
renkaittensa (genitive plural)
rengastensa (genitive plural rare)
rengastaan (partitive singular)
rengastansa (partitive singular)
renkaitaan (partitive plural)
renkaitansa (partitive plural)
renkaassaan (inessive singular)
renkaassansa (inessive singular)
renkaissaan (inessive plural)
renkaissansa (inessive plural)
renkaastaan (elative singular)
renkaastansa (elative singular)
renkaistaan (elative plural)
renkaistansa (elative plural)
renkaaseensa (illative singular)
renkaisiinsa (illative plural)
renkaihinsa (illative plural rare)
renkaallaan (adessive singular)
renkaallansa (adessive singular)
renkaillaan (adessive plural)
renkaillansa (adessive plural)
renkaaltaan (ablative singular)
renkaaltansa (ablative singular)
renkailtaan (ablative plural)
renkailtansa (ablative plural)
renkaalleen (allative singular)
renkaallensa (allative singular)
renkailleen (allative plural)
renkaillensa (allative plural)
renkaanaan (essive singular)
renkaanansa (essive singular)
renkainaan (essive plural)
renkainansa (essive plural)
renkaakseen (singular translative)
renkaaksensa (singular translative)
renkaikseen (plural translative)
renkaiksensa (plural translative)
renkaattaan (abessive singular)
renkaattansa (abessive singular)
renkaittaan (abessive plural)
renkaittansa (abessive plural)
renkaineen (comitative plural)
renkainensa (comitative plural)

[ˈre̞ŋːɑ̝s̠]

From Proto-Finnic *rëngas, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrengaz (“ring”), an earlier form of *hringaz in which the change from e to i before syllable-final n had not yet occurred.

(gymnastics, in the plural) rings, still rings (apparatus)


pääsuke

head

pääsuke (genitive pääsukese, partitive pääsukest)

pääsukese (genitive)
pääsukest (partitive)
pääsuke (nominative singular)
pääsukesed (nominative plural)
pääsuke (accusative nominative singular)
pääsukesed (accusative nominative plural)
pääsukese (accusative genitive singular)
pääsukesed (accusative genitive plural)
pääsukese (genitive singular)
pääsukeste (genitive plural)
pääsukest (partitive singular)
pääsukesi (partitive plural)
pääsukesse (illative singular)
pääsukesesse (illative singular)
pääsukestesse (illative plural)
pääsukesisse (illative plural)
pääsukeses (inessive singular)
pääsukestes (inessive plural)
pääsukesis (inessive plural)
pääsukesest (elative singular)
pääsukestest (elative plural)
pääsukesist (elative plural)
pääsukesele (allative singular)
pääsukestele (allative plural)
pääsukesile (allative plural)
pääsukesel (adessive singular)
pääsukestel (adessive plural)
pääsukesil (adessive plural)
pääsukeselt (ablative singular)
pääsukestelt (ablative plural)
pääsukesilt (ablative plural)
pääsukeseks (singular translative)
pääsukesteks (plural translative)
pääsukesiks (plural translative)
pääsukeseni (singular terminative)
pääsukesteni (plural terminative)
pääsukesena (essive singular)
pääsukestena (essive plural)
pääsukeseta (abessive singular)
pääsukesteta (abessive plural)
pääsukesega (comitative singular)
pääsukestega (comitative plural)
pääsukene (alternative)

From Proto-Finnic *pääskü + -ke, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *päčkɜ. Cognates include Finnish pääsky, Votic pääsko and Hungarian fecske.


gyűrű

gyűrűk (plural)
gyűrű (nominative singular)
gyűrűk (nominative plural)
gyűrűt (accusative singular)
gyűrűket (accusative plural)
gyűrűnek (dative singular)
gyűrűknek (dative plural)
gyűrűvel (instrumental singular)
gyűrűkkel (instrumental plural)
gyűrűért (causal-final singular)
gyűrűkért (causal-final plural)
gyűrűvé (singular translative)
gyűrűkké (plural translative)
gyűrűig (singular terminative)
gyűrűkig (plural terminative)
gyűrűként (essive-formal singular)
gyűrűkként (essive-formal plural)
gyűrűben (inessive singular)
gyűrűkben (inessive plural)
gyűrűn (singular superessive)
gyűrűkön (plural superessive)
gyűrűnél (adessive singular)
gyűrűknél (adessive plural)
gyűrűbe (illative singular)
gyűrűkbe (illative plural)
gyűrűre (singular sublative)
gyűrűkre (plural sublative)
gyűrűhöz (allative singular)
gyűrűkhöz (allative plural)
gyűrűből (elative singular)
gyűrűkből (elative plural)
gyűrűről (delative singular)
gyűrűkről (delative plural)
gyűrűtől (ablative singular)
gyűrűktől (ablative plural)
gyűrűé (singular)
gyűrűké (plural)
gyűrűéi (singular)
gyűrűkéi (plural)
gyűrűm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
gyűrűim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
gyűrűd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
gyűrűid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
gyűrűje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
gyűrűi (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
gyűrűnk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
gyűrűink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
gyűrűtök (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
gyűrűitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
gyűrűjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
gyűrűik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from an Oghur language, from Proto-Turkic *yüŕük (“ring”).
Compare Chuvash ҫӗрӗ (śĕrĕ), Turkish yüzük (“ring”).

(gymnastics) rings, still rings (a gymnastics apparatus and discipline consisting of two rings suspended from a bar)


puomi

puomi (nominative singular)
puomit (nominative plural)
puomi (accusative nominative singular)
puomit (accusative nominative plural)
puomin (accusative genitive singular)
puomit (accusative genitive plural)
puomin (genitive singular)
puomien (genitive plural)
puomia (partitive singular)
puomeja (partitive plural)
puomissa (inessive singular)
puomeissa (inessive plural)
puomista (elative singular)
puomeista (elative plural)
puomiin (illative singular)
puomeihin (illative plural)
puomilla (adessive singular)
puomeilla (adessive plural)
puomilta (ablative singular)
puomeilta (ablative plural)
puomille (allative singular)
puomeille (allative plural)
puomina (essive singular)
puomeina (essive plural)
puomiksi (singular translative)
puomeiksi (plural translative)
puomitta (abessive singular)
puomeitta (abessive plural)
puomein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
puomini (nominative singular)
puomini (nominative plural)
puomini (accusative nominative singular)
puomini (accusative nominative plural)
puomini (accusative genitive singular)
puomini (accusative genitive plural)
puomini (genitive singular)
puomieni (genitive plural)
puomiani (partitive singular)
puomejani (partitive plural)
puomissani (inessive singular)
puomeissani (inessive plural)
puomistani (elative singular)
puomeistani (elative plural)
puomiini (illative singular)
puomeihini (illative plural)
puomillani (adessive singular)
puomeillani (adessive plural)
puomiltani (ablative singular)
puomeiltani (ablative plural)
puomilleni (allative singular)
puomeilleni (allative plural)
puominani (essive singular)
puomeinani (essive plural)
puomikseni (singular translative)
puomeikseni (plural translative)
puomittani (abessive singular)
puomeittani (abessive plural)
puomeineni (comitative plural)
puomisi (nominative singular)
puomisi (nominative plural)
puomisi (accusative nominative singular)
puomisi (accusative nominative plural)
puomisi (accusative genitive singular)
puomisi (accusative genitive plural)
puomisi (genitive singular)
puomiesi (genitive plural)
puomiasi (partitive singular)
puomejasi (partitive plural)
puomissasi (inessive singular)
puomeissasi (inessive plural)
puomistasi (elative singular)
puomeistasi (elative plural)
puomiisi (illative singular)
puomeihisi (illative plural)
puomillasi (adessive singular)
puomeillasi (adessive plural)
puomiltasi (ablative singular)
puomeiltasi (ablative plural)
puomillesi (allative singular)
puomeillesi (allative plural)
puominasi (essive singular)
puomeinasi (essive plural)
puomiksesi (singular translative)
puomeiksesi (plural translative)
puomittasi (abessive singular)
puomeittasi (abessive plural)
puomeinesi (comitative plural)
puomimme (nominative singular)
puomimme (nominative plural)
puomimme (accusative nominative singular)
puomimme (accusative nominative plural)
puomimme (accusative genitive singular)
puomimme (accusative genitive plural)
puomimme (genitive singular)
puomiemme (genitive plural)
puomiamme (partitive singular)
puomejamme (partitive plural)
puomissamme (inessive singular)
puomeissamme (inessive plural)
puomistamme (elative singular)
puomeistamme (elative plural)
puomiimme (illative singular)
puomeihimme (illative plural)
puomillamme (adessive singular)
puomeillamme (adessive plural)
puomiltamme (ablative singular)
puomeiltamme (ablative plural)
puomillemme (allative singular)
puomeillemme (allative plural)
puominamme (essive singular)
puomeinamme (essive plural)
puomiksemme (singular translative)
puomeiksemme (plural translative)
puomittamme (abessive singular)
puomeittamme (abessive plural)
puomeinemme (comitative plural)
puominne (nominative singular)
puominne (nominative plural)
puominne (accusative nominative singular)
puominne (accusative nominative plural)
puominne (accusative genitive singular)
puominne (accusative genitive plural)
puominne (genitive singular)
puomienne (genitive plural)
puomianne (partitive singular)
puomejanne (partitive plural)
puomissanne (inessive singular)
puomeissanne (inessive plural)
puomistanne (elative singular)
puomeistanne (elative plural)
puomiinne (illative singular)
puomeihinne (illative plural)
puomillanne (adessive singular)
puomeillanne (adessive plural)
puomiltanne (ablative singular)
puomeiltanne (ablative plural)
puomillenne (allative singular)
puomeillenne (allative plural)
puominanne (essive singular)
puomeinanne (essive plural)
puomiksenne (singular translative)
puomeiksenne (plural translative)
puomittanne (abessive singular)
puomeittanne (abessive plural)
puomeinenne (comitative plural)
puominsa (nominative singular)
puominsa (nominative plural)
puominsa (accusative nominative singular)
puominsa (accusative nominative plural)
puominsa (accusative genitive singular)
puominsa (accusative genitive plural)
puominsa (genitive singular)
puomiensa (genitive plural)
puomiaan (partitive singular)
puomiansa (partitive singular)
puomejaan (partitive plural)
puomejansa (partitive plural)
puomissaan (inessive singular)
puomissansa (inessive singular)
puomeissaan (inessive plural)
puomeissansa (inessive plural)
puomistaan (elative singular)
puomistansa (elative singular)
puomeistaan (elative plural)
puomeistansa (elative plural)
puomiinsa (illative singular)
puomeihinsa (illative plural)
puomillaan (adessive singular)
puomillansa (adessive singular)
puomeillaan (adessive plural)
puomeillansa (adessive plural)
puomiltaan (ablative singular)
puomiltansa (ablative singular)
puomeiltaan (ablative plural)
puomeiltansa (ablative plural)
puomilleen (allative singular)
puomillensa (allative singular)
puomeilleen (allative plural)
puomeillensa (allative plural)
puominaan (essive singular)
puominansa (essive singular)
puomeinaan (essive plural)
puomeinansa (essive plural)
puomikseen (singular translative)
puomiksensa (singular translative)
puomeikseen (plural translative)
puomeiksensa (plural translative)
puomittaan (abessive singular)
puomittansa (abessive singular)
puomeittaan (abessive plural)
puomeittansa (abessive plural)
puomeineen (comitative plural)
puomeinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish bom, from Middle Low German bôm (akin to Dutch boom, which see).


sakset

sakset (nominative plural)
sakset (accusative nominative plural)
sakset (accusative genitive plural)
saksien (genitive plural)
saksia (partitive plural)
saksissa (inessive plural)
saksista (elative plural)
saksiin (illative plural)
saksilla (adessive plural)
saksilta (ablative plural)
saksille (allative plural)
saksina (essive plural)
saksiksi (plural translative)
saksitta (abessive plural)
saksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
sakseni (nominative plural)
sakseni (accusative nominative plural)
sakseni (accusative genitive plural)
saksieni (genitive plural)
saksiani (partitive plural)
saksissani (inessive plural)
saksistani (elative plural)
saksiini (illative plural)
saksillani (adessive plural)
saksiltani (ablative plural)
saksilleni (allative plural)
saksinani (essive plural)
saksikseni (plural translative)
saksittani (abessive plural)
saksineni (comitative plural)
saksesi (nominative plural)
saksesi (accusative nominative plural)
saksesi (accusative genitive plural)
saksiesi (genitive plural)
saksiasi (partitive plural)
saksissasi (inessive plural)
saksistasi (elative plural)
saksiisi (illative plural)
saksillasi (adessive plural)
saksiltasi (ablative plural)
saksillesi (allative plural)
saksinasi (essive plural)
saksiksesi (plural translative)
saksittasi (abessive plural)
saksinesi (comitative plural)
saksemme (nominative plural)
saksemme (accusative nominative plural)
saksemme (accusative genitive plural)
saksiemme (genitive plural)
saksiamme (partitive plural)
saksissamme (inessive plural)
saksistamme (elative plural)
saksiimme (illative plural)
saksillamme (adessive plural)
saksiltamme (ablative plural)
saksillemme (allative plural)
saksinamme (essive plural)
saksiksemme (plural translative)
saksittamme (abessive plural)
saksinemme (comitative plural)
saksenne (nominative plural)
saksenne (accusative nominative plural)
saksenne (accusative genitive plural)
saksienne (genitive plural)
saksianne (partitive plural)
saksissanne (inessive plural)
saksistanne (elative plural)
saksiinne (illative plural)
saksillanne (adessive plural)
saksiltanne (ablative plural)
saksillenne (allative plural)
saksinanne (essive plural)
saksiksenne (plural translative)
saksittanne (abessive plural)
saksinenne (comitative plural)
saksensa (nominative plural)
saksensa (accusative nominative plural)
saksensa (accusative genitive plural)
saksiensa (genitive plural)
saksiaan (partitive plural)
saksiansa (partitive plural)
saksissaan (inessive plural)
saksissansa (inessive plural)
saksistaan (elative plural)
saksistansa (elative plural)
saksiinsa (illative plural)
saksillaan (adessive plural)
saksillansa (adessive plural)
saksiltaan (ablative plural)
saksiltansa (ablative plural)
saksilleen (allative plural)
saksillensa (allative plural)
saksinaan (essive plural)
saksinansa (essive plural)
saksikseen (plural translative)
saksiksensa (plural translative)
saksittaan (abessive plural)
saksittansa (abessive plural)
saksineen (comitative plural)
saksinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠ɑ̝ks̠e̞t̪]

Borrowed from Swedish sax. Doublet of saksa, Saksa, saksi (“claw”), saksi (“Saxon”), Saksi, sax, and seax.


waga

wagowy (adjective)
waga (nominative singular)
wagi (nominative plural)
wagi (genitive singular)
wag (genitive plural)
wadze (dative singular)
wagom (dative plural)
wagę (accusative singular)
wagi (accusative plural)
wagą (instrumental singular)
wagami (instrumental plural)
wadze (locative singular)
wagach (locative plural)
wago (singular vocative)
wagi (plural vocative)
wága (alternative)

→ Kashubian: wôga

→ Russian: ва́га (vága)

→ Slovincian: wogha

→ Ukrainian: ва́га (váha)

→ Belarusian: ва́гі (váhi)

(gymnastics) balance (gymnastic exercise that involves taking a static position with one arm or leg resting on the ground)


salto

Borrowed from Italian salto (“jump, leap”), from Latin saltus (“jump, leap”). Compare German Salto, French salto, Dutch salto, Hungarian szaltó. Doublet of saltus.

bor+

I originally thought I'd impress Bela with my fullout dismount (two saltos in a tucked position with a 360-degree twist on the second salto), but I hadn't perfected it on a hard landing surface yet.

2012, Dominique Moceanu, Off Balance: A Memoir, New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page unknown:


salto

Borrowed from Italian salto. Doublet of saut.

un salto arrière

un salto avant


salto

salto (nominative singular)
salta (nominative plural)
salta (genitive singular)
salt (genitive plural)
saltu (dative singular)
saltom (dative plural)
salto (accusative singular)
salta (accusative plural)
saltem (instrumental singular)
saltami (instrumental plural)
salcie (locative singular)
saltach (locative plural)
salto (singular vocative)
salta (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian salto, from Latin saltus.

salto w przód

salto w tył


劈腿

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɛːk̚³ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰɪk̚⁵ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɛːk̚³ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰɪk̚⁵ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

(gymnastics, dance, martial arts) to perform the splits


cabriola

[kɐˈβɾjɔ.lɐ]


splits

(dance, cheerleading, gymnastics) A maneuver in which the legs are extended straight out and perpendicular to the body, either to the sides or in front and behind.


planche

Borrowed from French planche (“board”). Doublet of phalange, phalanx, planch, plancha, and plank.

doublet

(gymnastics) A position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down, using only the hands as support.


saut

Inherited from Old French, from Latin saltus.

saut-de-loup

(wide) ditch, haha; opening placed at ground level that allows natural light to illuminate a basement

(gymnastics) vault: ellipsis of saut de cheval


aparat

aparate (plural)
aparat (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
aparatul (accusative definite nominative singular)
aparate (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
aparatele (accusative definite nominative plural)
aparat (indefinite singular)
aparatului (definite singular)
aparate (indefinite plural)
aparatelor (definite plural)
aparatule (singular vocative)
aparatelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin apparatus, German Apparat, French apparat (with senses from appareil). Technically a doublet of apărat, the past participle of apăra (“to defend”) (corresponding to Latin apparatus).

(gymnastics) apparatus (sport implement)


barr

barr (indefinite nominative singular)
barrs (genitive indefinite singular)
barren (definite nominative singular)
barrens (definite genitive singular)
barrar (indefinite nominative plural)
barrars (genitive indefinite plural)
barrarna (definite nominative plural)
barrarnas (definite genitive plural)


gainer

From gain + -er. Compare German Gegner (“opponent, adversary”).

I tried a full gainer with a twist, the way he did it, but succeeded only in smacking the water with my thighs.

1961, Stanisław Lem, chapter 4, in Return from the Stars:

(diving, gymnastics, slang) A diving or gymnastics maneuver, from a high diving board or platform, involving a simultaneous inversion and rotation.


hyppy

hyppy (nominative singular)
hypyt (nominative plural)
hyppy (accusative nominative singular)
hypyt (accusative nominative plural)
hypyn (accusative genitive singular)
hypyt (accusative genitive plural)
hypyn (genitive singular)
hyppyjen (genitive plural)
hyppyä (partitive singular)
hyppyjä (partitive plural)
hypyssä (inessive singular)
hypyissä (inessive plural)
hypystä (elative singular)
hypyistä (elative plural)
hyppyyn (illative singular)
hyppyihin (illative plural)
hypyllä (adessive singular)
hypyillä (adessive plural)
hypyltä (ablative singular)
hypyiltä (ablative plural)
hypylle (allative singular)
hypyille (allative plural)
hyppynä (essive singular)
hyppyinä (essive plural)
hypyksi (singular translative)
hypyiksi (plural translative)
hypyttä (abessive singular)
hypyittä (abessive plural)
hypyin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hyppyni (nominative singular)
hyppyni (nominative plural)
hyppyni (accusative nominative singular)
hyppyni (accusative nominative plural)
hyppyni (accusative genitive singular)
hyppyni (accusative genitive plural)
hyppyni (genitive singular)
hyppyjeni (genitive plural)
hyppyäni (partitive singular)
hyppyjäni (partitive plural)
hypyssäni (inessive singular)
hypyissäni (inessive plural)
hypystäni (elative singular)
hypyistäni (elative plural)
hyppyyni (illative singular)
hyppyihini (illative plural)
hypylläni (adessive singular)
hypyilläni (adessive plural)
hypyltäni (ablative singular)
hypyiltäni (ablative plural)
hypylleni (allative singular)
hypyilleni (allative plural)
hyppynäni (essive singular)
hyppyinäni (essive plural)
hypykseni (singular translative)
hypyikseni (plural translative)
hypyttäni (abessive singular)
hypyittäni (abessive plural)
hyppyineni (comitative plural)
hyppysi (nominative singular)
hyppysi (nominative plural)
hyppysi (accusative nominative singular)
hyppysi (accusative nominative plural)
hyppysi (accusative genitive singular)
hyppysi (accusative genitive plural)
hyppysi (genitive singular)
hyppyjesi (genitive plural)
hyppyäsi (partitive singular)
hyppyjäsi (partitive plural)
hypyssäsi (inessive singular)
hypyissäsi (inessive plural)
hypystäsi (elative singular)
hypyistäsi (elative plural)
hyppyysi (illative singular)
hyppyihisi (illative plural)
hypylläsi (adessive singular)
hypyilläsi (adessive plural)
hypyltäsi (ablative singular)
hypyiltäsi (ablative plural)
hypyllesi (allative singular)
hypyillesi (allative plural)
hyppynäsi (essive singular)
hyppyinäsi (essive plural)
hypyksesi (singular translative)
hypyiksesi (plural translative)
hypyttäsi (abessive singular)
hypyittäsi (abessive plural)
hyppyinesi (comitative plural)
hyppymme (nominative singular)
hyppymme (nominative plural)
hyppymme (accusative nominative singular)
hyppymme (accusative nominative plural)
hyppymme (accusative genitive singular)
hyppymme (accusative genitive plural)
hyppymme (genitive singular)
hyppyjemme (genitive plural)
hyppyämme (partitive singular)
hyppyjämme (partitive plural)
hypyssämme (inessive singular)
hypyissämme (inessive plural)
hypystämme (elative singular)
hypyistämme (elative plural)
hyppyymme (illative singular)
hyppyihimme (illative plural)
hypyllämme (adessive singular)
hypyillämme (adessive plural)
hypyltämme (ablative singular)
hypyiltämme (ablative plural)
hypyllemme (allative singular)
hypyillemme (allative plural)
hyppynämme (essive singular)
hyppyinämme (essive plural)
hypyksemme (singular translative)
hypyiksemme (plural translative)
hypyttämme (abessive singular)
hypyittämme (abessive plural)
hyppyinemme (comitative plural)
hyppynne (nominative singular)
hyppynne (nominative plural)
hyppynne (accusative nominative singular)
hyppynne (accusative nominative plural)
hyppynne (accusative genitive singular)
hyppynne (accusative genitive plural)
hyppynne (genitive singular)
hyppyjenne (genitive plural)
hyppyänne (partitive singular)
hyppyjänne (partitive plural)
hypyssänne (inessive singular)
hypyissänne (inessive plural)
hypystänne (elative singular)
hypyistänne (elative plural)
hyppyynne (illative singular)
hyppyihinne (illative plural)
hypyllänne (adessive singular)
hypyillänne (adessive plural)
hypyltänne (ablative singular)
hypyiltänne (ablative plural)
hypyllenne (allative singular)
hypyillenne (allative plural)
hyppynänne (essive singular)
hyppyinänne (essive plural)
hypyksenne (singular translative)
hypyiksenne (plural translative)
hypyttänne (abessive singular)
hypyittänne (abessive plural)
hyppyinenne (comitative plural)
hyppynsä (nominative singular)
hyppynsä (nominative plural)
hyppynsä (accusative nominative singular)
hyppynsä (accusative nominative plural)
hyppynsä (accusative genitive singular)
hyppynsä (accusative genitive plural)
hyppynsä (genitive singular)
hyppyjensä (genitive plural)
hyppyään (partitive singular)
hyppyänsä (partitive singular)
hyppyjään (partitive plural)
hyppyjänsä (partitive plural)
hypyssään (inessive singular)
hypyssänsä (inessive singular)
hypyissään (inessive plural)
hypyissänsä (inessive plural)
hypystään (elative singular)
hypystänsä (elative singular)
hypyistään (elative plural)
hypyistänsä (elative plural)
hyppyynsä (illative singular)
hyppyihinsä (illative plural)
hypyllään (adessive singular)
hypyllänsä (adessive singular)
hypyillään (adessive plural)
hypyillänsä (adessive plural)
hypyltään (ablative singular)
hypyltänsä (ablative singular)
hypyiltään (ablative plural)
hypyiltänsä (ablative plural)
hypylleen (allative singular)
hypyllensä (allative singular)
hypyilleen (allative plural)
hypyillensä (allative plural)
hyppynään (essive singular)
hyppynänsä (essive singular)
hyppyinään (essive plural)
hyppyinänsä (essive plural)
hypykseen (singular translative)
hypyksensä (singular translative)
hypyikseen (plural translative)
hypyiksensä (plural translative)
hypyttään (abessive singular)
hypyttänsä (abessive singular)
hypyittään (abessive plural)
hypyittänsä (abessive plural)
hyppyineen (comitative plural)
hyppyinensä (comitative plural)


UB

en-noun

UB (countable and uncountable, plural UBs)

(gymnastics) Abbreviation of uneven bars.


конь

ru-noun+

конь • (konʹ) m anim (genitive коня́, nominative plural ко́ни, genitive plural коне́й, relational adjective ко́нный or ко́нский, diminutive конёк or ко́ник or коня́шка)

konʹ (romanization)
коня́ (genitive)
ко́ни (nominative plural)
коне́й (genitive plural)
ко́нный (adjective relational)
ко́нский (adjective relational)
конёк (diminutive)
ко́ник (diminutive)
коня́шка (diminutive)
ко́нь (nominative singular)
ко́ни (nominative plural)
коня́ (genitive singular)
коне́й (genitive plural)
коню́ (dative singular)
коня́м (dative plural)
коня́ (accusative singular)
коне́й (accusative plural)
конём (instrumental singular)
коня́ми (instrumental plural)
коне́ (prepositional singular)
коня́х (plural prepositional)
ко́нь (dated nominative singular)
ко́ни (dated nominative plural)
коня́ (dated genitive singular)
коне́й (dated genitive plural)
коню́ (dated dative singular)
коня́мъ (dated dative plural)
коня́ (accusative dated singular)
коне́й (accusative dated plural)
конёмъ (dated instrumental singular)
коня́ми (dated instrumental plural)
конѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
коня́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Yup'ik: kuuniq

Inherited from Old East Slavic конь (konĭ), from Proto-Slavic *kòňь.

inh+

kuda konʹ s kopýtom, tudá i rak s klešnjój

куда конь с копы́том, туда́ и рак с клешнёй


backflip

The gymnast performed a backflip on a trampoline.

(gymnastics) An act of rotating one's body 360 degrees in the backward direction.


ginnastica

From Latin [ars] gymnastica (“gymnastic [art]”).


flyaway

flyaways (plural)
fly-away (alternative)

(gymnastics) A kind of dismount from bars that incorporates one or more flips or twists.


kůň

kůň (nominative singular)
koně (nominative plural)
koně (genitive singular)
koní (genitive plural)
koňů (genitive plural)
koňovi (dative singular)
koni (dative singular)
koním (dative plural)
koňům (dative plural)
koně (accusative singular)
koně (accusative plural)
koni (singular vocative)
koně (plural vocative)
koňovi (locative singular)
koni (locative singular)
koních (locative plural)
koněm (instrumental singular)
koni (instrumental plural)
koňmi (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech kóň, from Proto-Slavic *koňь.

something inanimate that resembles a horse:


hvězda

hvězda (nominative singular)
hvězdy (nominative plural)
hvězdy (genitive singular)
hvězd (genitive plural)
hvězdě (dative singular)
hvězdám (dative plural)
hvězdu (accusative singular)
hvězdy (accusative plural)
hvězdo (singular vocative)
hvězdy (plural vocative)
hvězdě (locative singular)
hvězdách (locative plural)
hvězdou (instrumental singular)
hvězdami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech hvězda, from Proto-Slavic *gvězda.


SV

en-noun

SV (countable and uncountable, plural SVs)

SVs (plural)
S.V. (alternative)
S. V. (alternative)
S.V. (alternative)
S. V. (alternative)
S/V (alternative)
Sv (alternative)
Sv. (alternative)
SV. (alternative)

(gymnastics) Initialism of start value (before score deductions).


koníček

koníček (nominative singular)
koníčci (nominative plural)
koníčkové (nominative plural)
koníčka (genitive singular)
koníčků (genitive plural)
koníčkovi (dative singular)
koníčku (dative singular)
koníčkům (dative plural)
koníčka (accusative singular)
koníčky (accusative plural)
koníčku (singular vocative)
koníčci (plural vocative)
koníčkové (plural vocative)
koníčkovi (locative singular)
koníčku (locative singular)
koníčcích (locative plural)
koníčkem (instrumental singular)
koníčky (instrumental plural)
koníček (nominative singular)
koníčky (nominative plural)
koníčku (genitive singular)
koníčků (genitive plural)
koníčku (dative singular)
koníčkům (dative plural)
koníček (accusative singular)
koníčky (accusative plural)
koníčku (singular vocative)
koníčky (plural vocative)
koníčku (locative singular)
koníčcích (locative plural)
koníčkách (locative plural)
koníčkem (instrumental singular)
koníčky (instrumental plural)

From koník + -ek. Note that also German Steckenpferd translates as hobby.


ίππος

íppos (romanization)
ίπποι (plural)
ίππος (nominative singular)
ίπποι (nominative plural)
ίππου (genitive singular)
ίππων (genitive plural)
ίππο (accusative singular)
ίππους (accusative plural)
ίππε (singular vocative)
ίπποι (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos, “horse”). Sense 4 is a semantic loan from French cheval.


twirling

(gymnastics, uncountable) Ellipsis of baton twirling.


brygga

brygga (indefinite nominative singular)
bryggas (genitive indefinite singular)
bryggan (definite nominative singular)
bryggans (definite genitive singular)
bryggor (indefinite nominative plural)
bryggors (genitive indefinite plural)
bryggorna (definite nominative plural)
bryggornas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish bryggia, from Old Norse bryggja, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrēw-.