A

atomic mass number
atomic mass number#English

(chemistry, physics) Symbol for mass number (“nucleon number”). Abbreviation of English atomic mass number..


A

International System of Units
International System of Units

(physics, International System of Units) Ampere, a unit of electrical current.


A

* (highest rank, grade, music): From the initial position of the letter A in the English alphabet.
* (blood type): From A antigen


A

head

A m (definite singular A-en, indefinite plural A-er, definite plural A-ene)

A-en (definite singular)
A-er (indefinite plural)
A-ene (definite plural)

Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «A», «a».ogg

From Latin A, from Ancient Greek Α (A, “alpha”), likely through the Etruscan language, from Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ), from Proto-Canaanite , from Proto-Sinaitic , from Egyptian 𓃾 representing the head of an ox.

(physics) symbol for massetall (“nucleon number”)


head

en-noun

head (countable and uncountable, plural heads or head)

→ Japanese: ヘッド (heddo)

Sranan Tongo: ede

Aukan: ede

Saramaccan: hédi

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *káput-
Proto-Germanic *haubudą
Old English hēafod
Middle English heed
English head
From Middle English hed, heed, heved, heaved, from Old English hēafd-, hēafod (“head; top; source, origin; chief, leader; capital”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *káput. The modern word comes from Old English oblique stem hēafd-, the expected Modern English outcome for hēafod would be *heaved (similar to the Middle English word). Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth.
Cognate with Scots heid, hede, hevid, heved (“head”), Old English hafola (“head”), North Frisian hood (“head”), Dutch hoofd (“head”), German Haupt (“head”), Swedish huvud (“head”), Danish hoved (“head”), Icelandic höfuð (“head”), Latin caput (“head”), Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull”), Hindi कपाल (kapāl, “skull”).

頭

つぶり, tsuburi, つぃぶる, tsiburu, つぃぶるぃ, tsiburi

pää

principal operative part of a machine or tool

have one's head screwed on the right way

know one's head from a hole in the ground

run around like a chicken with its head cut off

would lose one's head if it wasn't attached

would lose one's head if it wasn't bolted on

would lose one's head if it wasn't glued on

would lose one's head if it wasn't screwed on

would lose one's head if it wasn't stuck on

would lose one's head if it wasn't tied on

would lose one's head if it weren't attached

you can't put an old head on young shoulders

you can't put a wise head on young shoulders

Let the engine build up a good head of steam.

How much head do you have at the Glens Falls feeder dam?

en:pressure and energy in fluid dynamics

(uncountable, countable) A buildup of fluid pressure, often quantified as pressure head.

The difference in elevation between two points in a column of fluid, and the resulting pressure of the fluid at the lower point.

putouskorkeus

fluid dynamics: difference in elevation in a column of fluid, and the resulting pressure

More generally, energy in a mass of fluid divided by its weight.


f

Modification of upper case Latin letter F, from Greek Ϝ (W, “Digamma”), from Phœnician 𐤅 (W, “waw”), the ultimate source being probably Egyptian.


ab-

(physics) A unit of electromagnetic charge in the centimeter-gram-second system: the abcoulomb.


aberration

en-noun

aberration (countable and uncountable, plural aberrations)

/ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/

A learned borrowing from Latin aberrātiō(n) (“relief, diversion”), first attested in 1594, from aberrō (“wander away, go astray”), from ab (“away”) + errō (“wander”). Compare French aberration. By surface analysis, aberrat(e) + -ion.

абера́ция

astronomy: small periodical change of position of heavenly bodies

(optics) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point.

(electronics) A defect in an image produced by an optical or electrostatic lens system.


aberration

head

aberration c (singular definite aberrationen, plural indefinite aberrationer)

aberrationen (definite singular)
aberrationer (indefinite plural)
aberration (indefinite nominative singular)
aberrationen (definite nominative singular)
aberrationer (indefinite nominative plural)
aberrationerne (definite nominative plural)
aberrations (genitive indefinite singular)
aberrationens (definite genitive singular)
aberrationers (genitive indefinite plural)
aberrationernes (definite genitive plural)


aberration

Unadapted borrowing from Latin aberrātiō(n) (“relief, diversion”), from aberr(ā) (“wander away, go astray”) (from ab (“away”) + errō (“wander”)) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Compare English aberration.


lente

Borrowed from Latin lentem (“lentil”), in Medieval Latin later taking on the sense of "lens".

(optics) lens (object focusing or defocusing the light passing through it)


absorptivity

(thermodynamics) The fraction of radiation absorbed by a surface to the total radiation incident on the surface.


acceptance

en-noun

acceptance (countable and uncountable, plural acceptances)

* First attested in 1574. From Middle French acceptance, from Old French accepter (“accept”). Equivalent to accept + -ance.


acceptor

From Middle English acceptour, from Latin acceptor, with the meanings from accept.

(physics) A chemical acceptor atom forming a positive hole in a semiconductor


color

color (countable and uncountable, plural colors)

A Dictionary of the English Language
Noah Webster
Samuel Johnson
Webster's Dictionary
color

From Middle English colour, color, borrowed from Anglo-Norman colur, from Old French colour, color, from Latin color. Doublet of couleur.
Displaced English blee, Middle English blee (“color”), from Old English blēo. Also partially replaced Old English hīew (“color”) and its descendants (English hue), which is less often used in this sense.
The spelling color was popularized in modern American English by Noah Webster, to match the spelling of the word's Latin etymon, and make all American spellings of the derivatives consistent (colorimeter, coloration, colorize, colorless, etc).

колори́т

interest, especially in a selective area

(physics) A property of quarks, with three values called red, green, and blue, which they can exchange by passing gluons; color charge.


lens

lens (plural lenses or (obsolete) lens or (rare) lentes)

lenses (plural)
lens (obsolete plural)
lentes (plural rare)

→ Bengali: লেন্স (lenś)

→ Turkish: lens

Borrowed from Latin lēns (“lentil”), with Medieval Latin later taking on the sense of “lens”, a semantic loan from Arabic عَدْسَة (ʕadsa, “lentil; optic lens”).

semantic loan

Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus. That’s because the lenses that are excellent at magnifying tiny subjects produce a narrow depth of field.

2013 July-August, Catherine Clabby, “Focus on Everything”, in American Scientist:

(optics) An object, usually made of glass, that focuses or defocuses the light that passes through it.

lente

object focusing or defocusing the light passing through it


lens

nl-noun

lens f (plural lenzen, diminutive lensje n)

lenzen (plural)
lensje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lens

→ Indonesian: lensa

→ Japanese: レンズ (renzu)

→ Papiamentu: lèns


decade

From Middle English decade, from Old French decade, from Late Latin decādem (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), from δέκα (déka, “ten”). In reference to a span of ten years, originally a clipping of the phrase decade of years. By surface analysis, deca- + -ade. Doublet of decad.

teens · twenties · thirties · forties · fifties · sixties · seventies · eighties · nineties

Gay Nineties · Naughty Nineties · Roaring Twenties · Dirty Thirties · Swinging Sixties

A group, set, or series of ten , particularly:

(electronics) A set of ten electronic devices used to represent digits.

(electronics) A set of resistors, capacitors, etc. connected so as to provide even increments between one and ten times a base electrical resistance.

dekadi

electronics: set of resistors, capacitors, etc. connected to provide even increments between one and ten

There are decades between 1.8 and 18, between 25 and 250 and between 0.03 and 0.003.

(physics, engineering) The interval between any two quantities having a ratio of 10 to 1.

kertaluokka

physics, engineering: interval between any two quantities having a ratio of 10 to 1


PM

en-noun

PM (countable and uncountable, plural PMs)

permanent magnet
permanent magnet#English

(electronics) Initialism of permanent magnet.


grass

grass (countable and uncountable, plural grasses)

Tok Pisin: gras, garas

Fiji Hindi: giraas

New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.
The "informer" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.

inh

the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road

(uncountable, physics) Sharp, closely spaced discontinuities in the trace of a cathode-ray tube, produced by random interference.


KGB

(electronics) Initialism of known good board.


clock

en-noun

clock (countable and uncountable, plural clocks)

First use appears c. 1370. Middle English clokke, clok, cloke, from Middle Dutch clocke (“bell, clock”), from Old Dutch *klokka, from Medieval Latin clocca, probably of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”) (compare Welsh cloch, Old Irish cloc), either onomatopoeic or from Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”) (compare Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną (“to laugh”)). Related to Old English clucge, Dutch klok, Saterland Frisian Klokke (“bell; clock”), Low German Klock (“bell, clock”), German Glocke, Swedish klocka Doublet of cloak and cloche.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

сахӏат

instrument to measure or keep track of time

chronometer

instrument used to measure or keep track of time

even a stopped clock is right twice a day

(electronics) An electrical signal that synchronizes timing among digital circuits of semiconductor chips or modules.


metric

From French métrique (1864), from New Latin metricus (“pertaining to the system based on the meter”), from metrum (“a meter”); see meter.

der

(mathematics, physics) Of or relating to distance.


quality

en-noun

quality (countable and uncountable, plural qualities)

US, father-bother merger, weak vowel merger

From Middle English qualite, from Old French qualité, from Latin quālitās, quālitātem, from quālis (“of what kind”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo- (“who, how”). Cicero coined qualitas as a calque to translate the Ancient Greek word ποιότης (poiótēs, “quality”), coined by Plato from ποῖος (poîos, “of what nature, of what kind”).

(thermodynamics) In a two-phase liquid–vapor mixture, the ratio of the mass of vapor present to the total mass of the mixture.

höyrypitoisuus

ratio of the mass of vapor present to the total mass of a two-phase liquid–vapor mixture


nigger

Sranan Tongo: nengre

Aukan: nengee

Saramaccan: në́ngë

Probably immediately from French nègre or Spanish and Portuguese negro (“a black African”); ultimately from Latin niger (“black”), thus a doublet of negro and noir. Compare Danish nigger, Swedish neger, German Nigger, Dutch nikker. First use appears c. 1577, in the writings of Edward Hellowes (fl. 1574–1601). The expected Modern English pronunciation would be with /iː/; compare neger. The modern pronunciation with /ɪ/ may be due to influence from the Latin etymon (compare the older Southern US pronunciation of negro with /ɪ/), but compare the dialectal American pronunciations of eagle and eager as /ˈɪɡəl/ and /ˈɪɡɚ/.

чёрный

note: негр m (negr) and негритя́нка f (negritjánka) are neutral terms

حبشی

offensive if intended otherwise 'Male Ethiopian/Abyssian'

حبشن

offensive if intended otherwise 'Female Ethiopian/Abyssinian'

Now to locate the portion of the machine which contains the "nigger."

1892, Western Electrician, volume 11, page 72:

(archaic, electrical) An impurity in the covering of an electrical conductor which serves to make a partial short circuit, and thus becomes sufficiently heated to burn and destroy the insulation.


fart

head

fart c (singular definite farten, plural indefinite farter)

farten (definite singular)
farter (indefinite plural)
fart (indefinite nominative singular)
farten (definite nominative singular)
farter (indefinite nominative plural)
farterne (definite nominative plural)
farts (genitive indefinite singular)
fartens (definite genitive singular)
farters (genitive indefinite plural)
farternes (definite genitive plural)

From Middle Low German vart, cognate with Dutch vaart, German Fahrt, Old Norse ferð. Doublet of færd (“journey”).

(physics) speed (magnitude of velocity, if seen as a vector)


jiffy

Origin unknown; said to have been thieves’ cant for “lightning”. Also formerly written "giffy", to which a connection with gliff has been proposed. As a kind of envelope, a genericization of Jiffy bag.

unk

unknown

(electronics) The length of an alternating current power cycle (1/60 or 1/50 of a second).

(physics) The time taken for light to travel a specified distance in a vacuum, usually one centimetre (approximately 33.3564 picoseconds), but sometimes one foot or the width of a nucleon.


peso

→ Bikol Central: piso

→ English: peso

→ Basque: pisu

→ Cebuano: piso

→ Tagalog: piso

→ Navajo: béeso (“money”)

Inherited from Old Spanish peso, from Vulgar Latin *pēsum, from Latin pēnsum, from pendō (“to weigh”). Doublet of the semi-learned pienso.

(physics) weight (the force on an object due to gravitational attraction)


pencil

Tok Pisin: pensil

→ Bole: pensur

→ Central Dusun: pinsil

→ Central Melanau: pisil

→ Dhivehi: ފަންސުރު (fan̊suru)

desc

→ Gulf Arabic: بِنْسِل (pinsil, binsil) (obsolete)

→ Hausa: fensir

→ Hindi: पेंसिल (pensil), पेन्सिल (pensil)

→ Iban: pinsil

→ Indonesian: pènsil

→ Maguindanao: pinsil

or via Tok Pisin <i class="Latn mention" lang="tpi">pensil</i>

→ Maia: pensil (or via Tok Pisin pensil)

→ Malay: pensel

→ Malayalam: പെൻസിൽ (peṉsil)

→ Marshallese: pinjeļ

→ Pennsylvania German: Bensil

→ Scottish Gaelic: peansail

→ Swahili: penseli

→ Swazi: ípénseli

→ Tagalog: pensil

→ Tausug: pinsil

→ Telugu: పెన్సిలు (pensilu)

→ Welsh: pensil, pensel

→ Xhosa: ípénsile

→ Yoruba: pẹ́ńsù

From Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”). Not related to pen.

(optics) An aggregate or collection of rays of light, especially when diverging from, or converging to, a point.


RAM

random-access memory
random access memory#English

(electronics, computing) Acronym of random-access memory.

ՕՀՍ

random access memory — see also random access memory

ΜΤΠ

μνήμη τυχαίας προσπέλασης f (mními tychaías prospélasis)


RAM

de-noun

RAM n or m (strong, genitive RAMs or RAM, plural (rare) RAMs or RAM)

RAMs (genitive)
RAM (genitive)
RAMs (plural rare)
RAM (plural)
RAM (definite nominative singular)
RAMs (definite nominative plural rare)
RAM (definite nominative plural rare)
RAMs (genitive singular)
RAM (genitive singular)
RAMs (definite genitive plural rare)
RAM (definite genitive plural rare)
RAM (dative singular)
RAMs (dative definite plural rare)
RAM (dative definite plural rare)
RAM (accusative definite singular)
RAMs (accusative definite plural rare)
RAM (accusative definite plural rare)

(electronics, computing) RAM (random-access memory)


RAM

RAM-ok (plural)
RAM (nominative singular)
RAM-ok (nominative plural)
RAM-ot (accusative singular)
RAM-okat (accusative plural)
RAM-nak (dative singular)
RAM-oknak (dative plural)
RAM-mal (instrumental singular)
RAM-okkal (instrumental plural)
RAM-ért (causal-final singular)
RAM-okért (causal-final plural)
RAM-má (singular translative)
RAM-okká (plural translative)
RAM-ig (singular terminative)
RAM-okig (plural terminative)
RAM-ként (essive-formal singular)
RAM-okként (essive-formal plural)
RAM-ban (inessive singular)
RAM-okban (inessive plural)
RAM-on (singular superessive)
RAM-okon (plural superessive)
RAM-nál (adessive singular)
RAM-oknál (adessive plural)
RAM-ba (illative singular)
RAM-okba (illative plural)
RAM-ra (singular sublative)
RAM-okra (plural sublative)
RAM-hoz (allative singular)
RAM-okhoz (allative plural)
RAM-ból (elative singular)
RAM-okból (elative plural)
RAM-ról (delative singular)
RAM-okról (delative plural)
RAM-tól (ablative singular)
RAM-októl (ablative plural)
RAM-é (singular)
RAM-oké (plural)
RAM-éi (singular)
RAM-okéi (plural)
RAM-om (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
RAM-jaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
RAM-od (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
RAM-jaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
RAM-ja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
RAM-jai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
RAM-unk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
RAM-jaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
RAM-otok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
RAM-jaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
RAM-juk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
RAM-jaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

random access memory
random access memory

(electronics, computing) RAM (random access memory)


war

war (nominative singular)
wary (nominative plural)
waru (genitive singular)
warów (genitive plural)
warowi (dative singular)
warom (dative plural)
war (accusative singular)
wary (accusative plural)
warem (instrumental singular)
warami (instrumental plural)
warze (locative singular)
warach (locative plural)
warze (singular vocative)
wary (plural vocative)

(physics) var, volt-ampere reactive (unit of electrical power)


LED

light-emitting diode
light-emitting diode#English

(electronics) LED (light-emitting diode)


LED

[e̞ɾɯ̟iːdʲiː]


LED

ledowy (adjective)
LED (nominative singular)
LED-y (nominative plural)
LED-a (genitive singular)
LED-ów (genitive plural)
LED-owi (dative singular)
LED-om (dative plural)
LED (accusative singular)
LED-y (accusative plural)
LED-em (instrumental singular)
LED-ami (instrumental plural)
LED-zie (locative singular)
LED-ach (locative plural)
LED-zie (singular vocative)
LED-y (plural vocative)

Orthographic borrowing from English LED.

(electronics, technology) LED (rectifying semiconductor device which converts electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength in or near the visible spectrum of light)


open

en-adj

open (comparative more open or (phonetics) opener, superlative most open or (phonetics) openest)

more open (comparative)
opener (comparative)
most open (superlative)
openest (superlative)

closed-source

antonym(s) of “with a free license and no proprietary components”

Adjective from Middle English open, from Old English open (“open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“up from under, over”).
Cognates
* Scots apen (“open”)
* Saterland Frisian eepen (“open”)
* West Frisian iepen (“open”)
* Dutch open (“open”)
* Low German open, apen (“open”)
* German offen (“open”)
* Danish åben (“open”)
* Swedish öppen (“open”)
* Norwegian Bokmål åpen (“open”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk open (“open”)
* Icelandic opinn (“open”)
 Compare also Latin supinus (“on one's back, supine”), Albanian hap (“to open”). Related to up.
Verb from Middle English openen, from Old English openian (“to open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanōn, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną (“to raise; lift; open”), from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”, adjective). Cognate with Saterland Frisian eepenje (“to open”), West Frisian iepenje (“to open”), Dutch openen (“to open”), German öffnen (“to open”), Danish åbne (“to open”), Swedish öppna (“to open”), Norwegian Bokmål åpne (“to open”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic opna (“to open”). Related to English up.
Noun from Middle English open (“an aperture or opening”), from the verb. In the sports sense, however, a shortening of “open competition”.

inh

at church every time the doors swing open

(electricity, of a switch or circuit breaker) In a position such that a circuit is not completed, preventing electricity from flowing.


open

en-verb

open (third-person singular simple present opens, present participle opening, simple past and past participle opened)

opens (present singular third-person)
opening (participle present)
opened (participle past)
opened (past)
open (infinitive)

(transitive, intransitive) To cause or allow a gap to form or widen.

(transitive, intransitive, electricity, of a switch, fuse or circuit breaker) To move to a position preventing electricity from flowing.


open

The electrician found the open in the circuit after a few minutes of testing.

(electronics) A defect in an electrical circuit preventing current from flowing.


AA

en-noun

AA (countable and uncountable, plural AAs)

(optics) Initialism of angular aperture.


AA

en:Alcoholics Anonymous
en:Anna's Archive
en:The AA

Antiproton Accumulator
w:Antiproton Accumulator

(physics) Initialism of Antiproton Accumulator: an infrastructure connected to the Proton–Antiproton Collider at CERN.


last

last (indefinite nominative singular)
lasts (genitive indefinite singular)
lasten (definite nominative singular)
lastens (definite genitive singular)
laster (indefinite nominative plural)
lasters (genitive indefinite plural)
lasterna (definite nominative plural)
lasternas (definite genitive plural)

From Middle Low German last, from the verb lāden (“to load”), from Old Saxon hladan.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) load; any component that draws current or power


mobile

Learned borrowing from Latin mōbilis. Doublet of meuble.


CDMA

Code Division Multiple Access
wikipedia:Code division multiple access

(electronics) Initialism of Code Division Multiple Access.


AMPS

(electronics) Advanced Mobile Phone System, American Mobile Phone System, Analog Mobile Phone System.


work

work (countable and uncountable, plural works)

Pijin: waka

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom
Proto-Germanic *werką
Proto-West Germanic *werk
Old English weorc
Middle English werk
English work
From Middle English work, werk, from Old English weorc, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom.
Akin to Scots wark, Saterland Frisian Wierk, West Frisian wurk, Dutch werk, German Werk, German Low German Wark, Danish værk, Norwegian Bokmål verk, Norwegian Nynorsk verk, Swedish verk, yrke and orka, Icelandic verk, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌹 (gawaurki), Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon, “work”) (from ϝέργον (wérgon)), Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰 (vər^əz, “to work, to perform”), Armenian գործ (gorc, “work”), Albanian argëtoj (“entertain, reward, please”), Russian варганить (varganitʹ, “"to whip up, to cook something quickly, to throw together"”). English cognates include bulwark, boulevard, energy, erg, georgic, liturgy, metallurgy, organ, surgeon, wright. Doublet of erg and ergon.

աշխատանք

thermodynamics: energy in transit between one form or repository and another

all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

Work is done against friction to drag a bag along the ground.

(physics) A measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance. No work is done if the object does not move.

werk

physics: measure of energy expended in moving an object

Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning "vortex", and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.

2013 July-August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist:

(physics, more generally) A measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process.


radio

es-noun

radio m or f same meaning (plural radios)

radio m or f same meaning (canonical)
radios (plural)

Chavacano: radio

→ Cebuano: radyo

→ Hiligaynon: radyo

→ Ilocano: radio

→ Maguindanao: radiu

→ Maranao: radiyo

→ Tagalog: radyo

→ Ye'kwana: daadiyu

(electronics, home appliance) radio (device)


עדשה

he-noun

עֲדָשָׁה • (adashá) f (plural indefinite עֲדָשׁוֹת, singular construct עַדְשַׁת־)

עֲדָשָׁה (canonical)
adashá (romanization)
עֲדָשׁוֹת (indefinite plural)
עַדְשַׁת־ (construct singular)

Root
 ע־ד־שׁ (ʿ-d-sh)
 0 terms
Compare Arabic عَدَس (ʕadas, “lentil”) and Arabic عَدَسَة (ʕadasa, “lens”).

(optics) lens (an object, usually made of glass, that focuses or defocuses the light that passes through it)

(anatomy) lens (the transparent crystalline structure in the eye)


time

en-noun

time (countable and uncountable, plural times)

Sranan Tongo: ten

→ Punjabi: ṭāim, ṭaim, ṭāīm

Gurmukhi script: ਟਾਇਮ, ਟੈਮ, ਟਾਈਮ

Shahmukhi script: ٹائم, ٹیم, ٹائیم

From Middle English tyme, time, from Old English tīma (“time, period, space of time, season, lifetime, fixed time, favorable time, opportunity”), from Proto-West Germanic *tīmō, from Proto-Germanic *tīmô (“time”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂imō, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to divide”). Related to tide. Not related directly to Latin tempus.
Cognates
*Scots tym, tyme (“time”)
*Alemannic German Zimen, Zīmmän (“time, time of the year, opportune time, opportunity”)
*Danish time (“hour, lesson”)
*Swedish timme (“hour”)
*Norwegian time (“lesson, hour”)
*Faroese tími (“hour, lesson, time”)
*Icelandic tími (“time, season”).

عَصْر

extended period of time, defined or undefined: age, era, etc.

desperate times call for desperate measures

desperate times require desperate measures

serial time-encoded amplified microscopy

there is a place and time for everything

there is a time and a place for everything

there is a time and place for everything

there's a time and a place for everything

time spent laughing is time spent with the gods

time stretch analog-to-digital converter

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 106. Time

Both science-fiction writers and physicists have written about travel through time.

So long as I travelled at a high velocity through time, this scarcely mattered; I was, so to speak, attenuated — was slipping like a vapour through the interstices of intervening substances!

1895 May 7, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, The Time Machine: An Invention, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →OCLC, page 35:

We all have a visceral understanding of what it means for the universe to have multiple space dimensions, since we live in a world in which we constantly deal with a plurality — three. But what would it mean to have multiple times? Would one align with time as we presently experience it psychologically while the other would somehow be "different"?

2010, Brian Greene, The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory, W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, page 204:

(uncountable) The inevitable progression into the future with the passing of present and past events.

(physics, usually uncountable) A dimension of spacetime with the opposite metric signature to space dimensions; the fourth dimension.

Time slows down when you approach the speed of light.

Eventually time would also die because no processes would continue, no light would flow.

2012, Robert Zwilling, Natural Sciences and Human Thought, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 80:

2015, Highfield, Arrow Of Time, Random House →ISBN
Given the connection between increasing entropy and the arrow of time, does the Big Crunch mean that time would run backwards as soon as collapse began?

(physics, uncountable) Change associated with the second law of thermodynamics; the physical and psychological result of increasing entropy.

An essential definition of time should entail neither speed nor direction, just change.

(physics, uncountable, reductionist definition) The property of a system which allows it to have more than one distinct configuration.


false

en-verb

false (third-person singular simple present falses, present participle falsing, simple past and past participle falsed)

falses (present singular third-person)
falsing (participle present)
falsed (participle past)
falsed (past)

From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English lēas (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux.
The verb is from Middle English falsen, falsien, from Old French falser, from Latin falsō (“falsify”), itself also from falsus; compare French fausser (“to falsify, to distort”).

cog

(electronics, telecommunications, of a decoder) To incorrectly decode noise as if it were a valid signal.


gas

From Dutch gas (“gas”), a term coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont. Perhaps inspired by geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”) or by chaos (“chaos”), from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void”).

der

(chemistry, physics) Matter in a state intermediate between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid) (or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly.


gas

la-noun

gas n (genitive gasis); third declension

gasis (genitive)
gas (nominative singular)
gasa (nominative plural)
gasis (genitive singular)
gasum (genitive plural)
gasī (dative singular)
gasibus (dative plural)
gas (accusative singular)
gasa (accusative plural)
gase (ablative singular)
gasibus (ablative plural)
gas (singular vocative)
gasa (plural vocative)

Coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont (appearing in his Ortus Medicinae as an invariable noun).


gas

ms-noun

gas (Jawi spelling ݢس, plural gas-gas, informal 1st possessive gasku, 2nd possessive gasmu, 3rd possessive gasnya)

ݢس (Jawi)
gas-gas (plural)
gasku (first-person informal possessive)
gasmu (possessive second-person)
gasnya (possessive third-person)

From English gas, from Dutch gas, coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont in Ortus Medicinae. Derived from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void, empty space”); perhaps also inspired by geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”).

der

(physics) One of the four states of matter.


translation

en-noun

translation (countable and uncountable, plural translations)

From Middle English translacioun (“transfer, translation”), from Anglo-Norman translacioun, from Latin trānslātiō, from trānslāt-, the supine stem of trānsferō (“to transfer, transport, transform, translate”). Displaced native Old English wending.

inh

(countable, uncountable) The act of translating, in its various senses:

(physics, mathematics) A motion or compulsion to motion in a straight line without rotation or other deformation.

трансля́цыя

math, physics: motion without deformation or rotation

(physics) A transfer of motion occurring within a gearbox.


translation

translation (indefinite nominative singular)
translations (genitive indefinite singular)
translationen (definite nominative singular)
translationens (definite genitive singular)
translationer (indefinite nominative plural)
translationers (genitive indefinite plural)
translationerna (definite nominative plural)
translationernas (definite genitive plural)


current

en-noun

current (countable and uncountable, plural currents)

→ Punjabi: kraṉṭ

Gurmukhi script: ਕਰੰਟ

Shahmukhi script: کرنٹ

courant (with both the hurry–furry merger and cure–fir merger)

From Middle English curraunt, borrowed from Old French curant (French courant), present participle of courre (“to run”), from Latin currere (“to run”) (present participle currens). Doublet of courant.

Symbol: I (inclined upper case letter "I")

Units:

SI: ampere (A)

CGS: esu/second (esu/s)

(electricity) The amount of electric charge flowing in each unit of time.


absorbency

absorbency (countable and uncountable, plural absorbencies)

Product benefits are quickly copied, whether it's cleaning power or diaper absorbency.

2007 May 1, “Detergent Can Be So Much More”, in BusinessWeek, retrieved 2009-02-09:

(physics) The ratio of the absorbance or optical density of a substance to that of a similar body of pure solvent.


absolute

en-adj

absolute (comparative more absolute or absoluter, superlative most absolute or absolutest)

more absolute (comparative)
absoluter (comparative)
most absolute (superlative)
absolutest (superlative)

conditional

antonym(s) of “free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions”

antonym(s) of “independent of references

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absolut, from Middle French absolut, from Latin absolūtus (“unconditional; unfettered; completed”), perfect passive participle of absolvō (“loosen, set free, complete”), from ab (“away”) + solvo (“to loose”). Influenced in part by Old French absolu. Compare absolve.

независим

grammar: not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence

categorical

(physics) Independent of arbitrary units of measurement, standards, or properties; not comparative or relative.

Having reference to or derived in the simplest manner from the fundamental units of mass, time, and length.

Relating to the absolute temperature scale (based on absolute zero); kelvin.

absolute velocity, absolute motion, absolute position

His experiments led him to infer that the boiling point of the substance is probably below 9 degrees absolute.

1903, Ice and Refrigeration, volume 24, page 49:

This new absolute temperature scale (also called the Kelvin scale) employs the SI unit of absolute temperature, the kelvin, […]

2015, Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, →ISBN:


absorption

en-noun

absorption (countable and uncountable, plural absorptions)

First attested in 1597. From Latin absorptiō (“a sucking in”), from absorbeō (“absorb”). Morphologically absorb + -tion.

اِسْتِيعَاب

act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything

абсо́рбция

act or process of being absorbed and made to disappear

the absorption of light, heat, electricity, etc.

The act or process of absorbing or of being absorbed as,

(physical chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception.

اِمْتِصَاص

chemistry, physics: imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action

(electrical engineering) The retaining of electrical energy for a short time after it has been introduced to the dielectric.

dielektrisk absorpsjon

the retaining of electrical energy for a short time after it has been introduced to the dielectric


absorb

en-verb

absorb (third-person singular simple present absorbs, present participle absorbing, simple past and past participle absorbed or (archaic) absorpt)

absorbs (present singular third-person)
absorbing (participle present)
absorbed (participle past)
absorbed (past)
absorpt (archaic participle past)
absorpt (archaic past)
absorb (infinitive)

emit

From Middle French absorber, from Old French assorbir, from Latin absorbeō (“swallow up”), from ab- (“from”) + sorbeō (“suck in, swallow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip”). Compare French absorber.

اِتَّخَذَ

(physics, chemistry) to take up by chemical or physical action

(transitive, physics, chemistry) To take in energy and convert it.

(transitive, physics) in receiving a physical impact or vibration without recoil.

(transitive, physics) in receiving sound energy without repercussion or echo.

(transitive, physics) taking in radiant energy and converting it to a different form of energy, like heat.

Heat, light, and electricity are absorbed in the substances into which they pass.


accelerate

en-verb

accelerate (third-person singular simple present accelerates, present participle accelerating, simple past and past participle accelerated)

accelerates (present singular third-person)
accelerating (participle present)
accelerated (participle past)
accelerated (past)

First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“I accelerate, hasten”), formed from ad + celerō (“I hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration.

(transitive, physics) To cause a change of velocity.


acceleration

en-noun

acceleration (countable and uncountable, plural accelerations)

/əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

/ækˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

/ɪkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

First attested in 1531. From French accélération or more likely directly from Latin accelerātiō (“a hastening, acceleration”). Equivalent to accelerate + -ion.

der

(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


acceleration

acceleration (indefinite nominative singular)
accelerations (genitive indefinite singular)
accelerationen (definite nominative singular)
accelerationens (definite genitive singular)
accelerationer (indefinite nominative plural)
accelerationers (genitive indefinite plural)
accelerationerna (definite nominative plural)
accelerationernas (definite genitive plural)


accelerator

* First attested in 1611.
* (motor vehicle): First attested in 1900.
* accelerate + -or

a pedal used to control a vehicle's speed

a device that speeds up computer processing

a key which a user can press to activate a menu

particle accelerator
particle accelerator

(physics) A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator.

加速器

physics: device that accelerates charged particles — see also particle accelerator


accelerator

accelerator (indefinite nominative singular)
accelerators (genitive indefinite singular)
acceleratorn (definite nominative singular)
acceleratorns (definite genitive singular)
acceleratorer (indefinite nominative plural)
acceleratorers (genitive indefinite plural)
acceleratorerna (definite nominative plural)
acceleratorernas (definite genitive plural)

(physics) an accelerator (device that accelerates various particles to high velocities)


ace

→ Japanese: エース (ēsu)

→ Korean: 에이스 (eiseu)

→ Russian: эйс (ejs)

→ Swedish: ess

(?) → Finnish: ässä

Inherited from Middle English as, from Old French as, from Latin as, assis (“unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage”). Doublet of as. Likely related or deriving ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs, or otherwise taking from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”) in the sense of "singular".


achromatism

the achromatism of a lens

(optics) The state or quality of being achromatic; achromaticity.


QED

QCD is a theory of quark interactions much analogous to QED: the interaction is carried by "gluons" (analogous to photons) which couple to the "color" (analogous to charge) of the quarks.

1980 January, W. B. Atwood, “Lepton Nucleon Scattering”, in Ann Mosher, editor, Proceedings of Summer Institute on Particle Physics: July 9–20, 1979: Quantum Chromodynamics (SLAC Report), Springfield, Va.: National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, →OCLC, part I (Lectures), section 3.1 (The General Scheme), page 26, column 1:

By the way, these days QED is considered a relatively simple example of a quantum field theory.

2006, A[nthony] Zee, “Introduction to the 2006 Edition”, in Richard P[hillips] Feynman, QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter (Princeton Science Library), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page xii:

QED is the theory that explains how electrically charged particles, like electrons, interact with each other and with particles of light (photons). […] Pretty much everything else – certainly everything you see and feel around you – is explained at the deepest known level by QED. Matter, light, electricity and magnetism – it is all QED.

2011, Brian Cox, Jeff Forshaw, “Interaction”, in The Quantum Universe: Everything that Can Happen Does Happen, London: Allen Lane, →ISBN, page 176:

Finally, there is still plenty of room to employ and apply QED theory for predictive purposes, by proposing new phenomena, especially within the realm of photonics, thereby ensuring QED remains relevant to current and future generations of researchers working in chemical physics.

2015, Abdus Salam, “Quantum Electrodynamics”, in David L. Andrews, editor, Photonics: Scientific Foundations, Technology and Applications: Fundamentals of Photonics and Physics, volume I, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, section 8.10 (Resonance Energy Transfer), page 271:

The aim of this work is essentially twofold: to establish the conception and thus model of a 'unitary universal cohesive field' from 'first principles' within which existing theories, primarily QED and the foundation of its approach, may be understood both in principle and therefore from any abstruse mathematical perspective extrapolated from it; […]

2018, James Everitt, “The Aim and Approach”, in A Wave Theory of Universal Resonance: The Physical Basis of Quantum Electro-dynamics in the Cohesive Mechanics of a Unitary Universal Field, volume 1, [Munich, Bavaria]: GRIN Verlag, →ISBN, page 12:

Although his own early work on QED helped bring photons and electrons into a consistent framework, Dr. Dyson doubted that superstrings, or anything else, would lead to a Theory of Everything, unifying all of physics with a succinct formulation inscribable on a T-shirt.

2020 February 28, George Johnson, “Freeman Dyson, Math Genius Turned Technological Visionary, Dies at 96”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

quantum electrodynamics
quantum electrodynamics#English

(physics) (Partial) initialism of quantum electrodynamics.

QCD

(partial) initialism of quantum chromodynamics


ground

en-noun

ground (countable and uncountable, plural grounds)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʰrem-der.
Proto-Germanic *grunduz
Old English grund
Middle English ground
English ground
From Middle English ground, from Old English grund, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz. Cognate with West Frisian grûn, Dutch grond and German Grund.

etymon

cut the ground from under someone's feet

know one's ass from a hole in the ground

know one's head from a hole in the ground

know the difference between one's ass and a hole in the ground

А ground may be undesirable, inadvertent, or accidental path taken by an electrical current; or it may be the deliberate provision of conductors well connected to the ground by means of plates buried therein, or similar device.

1961, “GROUND”, in The International Dictionary of Physics and Electronics, 2nd edition, Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand, page 539:

(electricity) An electrical conductor connected to the earth, or a large conductor whose electrical potential is taken as zero (such as a steel chassis).

torpaqalama

electrical conductor connected to point of zero potential

(electricity, Philippines) Electric shock.


close

en-verb

close (third-person singular simple present closes, present participle closing, simple past and past participle closed)

closes (present singular third-person)
closing (participle present)
closed (participle past)
closed (past)
close (infinitive)

From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.

cog

close the stable door after the horse has bolted

(physical) To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

(transitive, intransitive, electricity, of a switch, fuse or circuit breaker) To move to a position allowing electricity to flow.


blue

en-adj

blue (comparative bluer or more blue, superlative bluest or most blue)

bluer (comparative)
more blue (comparative)
bluest (superlative)
most blue (superlative)

conservative

antonym(s) of “pertaining to the US Democratic Party”

red

antonym(s) of “dominated by higher-frequency electromagnetic radiation”

antiblue

antonym(s) of “having blue as its colour charge”

Tok Pisin: blu

→ Fiji Hindi: bulu

→ Shona: bhuluu

→ Somali: buluug

→ Swahili: bluu, buluu

→ Tooro: bururu

From Middle English blewe, from Anglo-Norman blew (“blue”), from Middle French bleu, from Old French blöe, bleve, blef (“blue”), from Frankish *blāu (“blue”) (perhaps through a Late Latin blāvus, blāvius (“blue”) attested from Isidore of Seville), from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue, dark blue”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlēw- (“yellow, blond, grey”). Cognate with dialectal English blow (“blue”), Scots blue, blew (“blue”), North Frisian bla, blö (“blue”), Saterland Frisian blau (“blue”), Dutch blauw (“blue”), German blau (“blue”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish blå (“blue”), Icelandic blár (“blue”), Latin flāvus (“yellow”), Middle Irish blá (“yellow”). Doublet of blow.
Possibly related also to English blee (“colour”), from Old English blēo (“colour”); but direct derivatives of Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue, dark blue”) in Old English include: Old English blāw and blēo (“blue”), Old English blǣwen (“bluish, light-blue”), blǣhǣwen (“blue-coloured, bluish, violet or purple colour”, literally “blue-hued”). There seems to be a parallel connection in Germanic between words for blue and colour, dually exemplified by Proto-West Germanic *blīu (“colour, blee”) and *blāu (“blue”); and Proto-Germanic *hiwją (“colour, hue”) and *hēwijaz (“blue, purple”).
The sense "obscene, pornographic" is apparently from the colour; various theories exist as to how it arose, including that it is from the colour of the envelopes used to contain missives of the censors and managers to vaudevillian performers on objectionable material from their acts that needed to be excised.

belau

blue-coloured — see also dark blue, light blue

(particle physics) Having a colour charge of blue.


blue

en-noun

blue (countable and uncountable, plural blues)

(particle physics) One of the three colour charges for quarks.


green

en-adj

green (comparative greener, superlative greenest)

greener (comparative)
greenest (superlative)

Bislama: grin

→ Marshallese: kūriin

Tok Pisin: grin

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *grōniz
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Germanic *-į̄
Proto-West Germanic *-ī
Proto-West Germanic *grōnī
Old English grēne
Middle English grene
English green
From Middle English grene, from Old English grēne, from Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”). More at grow.
See also North Frisian green, West Frisian grien, Dutch groen, Low German grön, green, greun, German grün, Danish and Norwegian Nynorsk grøn, Swedish grön, Norwegian Bokmål grønn, Icelandic grænn.
The sense "obscene, pornographic, sexual" in the Philippines is from a calque of Spanish verde.

der

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road

(particle physics) Having a color charge of green.


green

en-noun

green (countable and uncountable, plural greens)

→⇒ Chinese: 果嶺 /果岭 (guǒlǐng)

→ Czech: green

→ Danish: green

→ Dutch: green

→ Finnish: griini

→ German: Green

→ Marshallese: kūriin

(particle physics) One of the three color charges for quarks.


red

en-adj

red (comparative redder or more red, superlative reddest or most red)

redder (comparative)
more red (comparative)
reddest (superlative)
most red (superlative)

nonred

antonym(s) of “having red as its colour”

antired

antonym(s) of “having red as its colour charge”

From Middle English red, from Old English rēad, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.
Cognates
See also West Frisian read, Low German root, rod, Dutch rood, German rot, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål rød, Norwegian Nynorsk raud; also Welsh rhudd, Latin ruber, rufus, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Albanian pruth (“redhead”), Russian ру́дый (rúdyj) ("red", "redhaired"). Czech rudý, Lithuanian raúdas, Finnish rauta, Estonian raud, Serbo-Croatian riđ ("reddish", "red"), Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoidita), Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhirá, “red, bloody”).

(particle physics) Of a red color charge.

punainen

particle physics: having a color charge of red


red

en-noun

red (countable and uncountable, plural reds)

sekobarbitaali

slang: secobarbital — see also secobarbital

punainen

particle physics: one of the three color charges for quarks


red

Inherited from Old Spanish red, from Latin rēte (“net”). Cognate with English rete.

fuera de la red


router

→ Japanese: ルーター, ルータ

→ Korean: 라우터 (rauteo)

printed circuit board
printed circuit board

(electronics, electronic design automation) In integrated circuit or printed circuit board design, an algorithm for adding all wires needed to properly connect all of the placed components while obeying all design rules.


dual

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
Borrowed from Latin dualis (“two”), from duo (“two”) + adjective suffix -alis.

(mathematics, physics) Exhibiting duality.


penny

en-verb

penny (third-person singular simple present pennies, present participle pennying, simple past and past participle pennied)

pennies (present singular third-person)
pennying (participle present)
pennied (participle past)
pennied (past)

From Middle English penny, peny, from Old English peniġ, penniġ, penning (“penny”), from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz, of uncertain origin (see that page for theories). Doublet of pfennig and fening.

(electronics) To circumvent the tripping of an electrical circuit breaker by the dangerous practice of inserting a coin in place of a fuse in a fuse socket.


or

(logic, electronics) Alternative form of OR


rational

en-adj

rational (comparative more rational, superlative most rational)

more rational (comparative)
most rational (superlative)

From Old French rationel, rational, from Latin rationalis (“of or belonging to reason, rational, reasonable; having a ratio”), from ratio (“reason; calculation”).

der

/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/

A rational table is physical, a written table is neither.


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

jekker

military: coarse medieval coat of defense

telephone jack

(electronics) A switch for a jack plug, a jackknife switch; (more generally) a socket used to connect a device to a circuit, network etc.


sol

(chemistry, physics) sol (a colloid suspension of a solid in a liquid)


skew

The verb is derived from Middle English skeuen, skewe, skewen (“to run at an angle or obliquely; to escape”), from Old Northern French escuer [and other forms], variants of Old French eschuer, eschever, eschiver (“to escape, flee; to avoid”) (modern French esquiver (“to dodge (a blow), duck; to elude, evade; to slip away; to sidestep”)), from Frankish *skiuhan (“to dread; to avoid, shun”), from Proto-Germanic *skiuhijaną (“to frighten”). The English word is cognate with Catalan esquiu (“evasive, shy”), Danish skæv (“crooked, slanting; skew, wry”) (> Norwegian Bokmål skjev), Dutch scheef (“crooked, slanting”), Norwegian skeiv (“crooked, lopsided; oblique, slanting; distorted”), Saterland Frisian skeeuw (“aslant, slanting; oblique; awry”), and is a doublet of eschew.
The adjective and adverb are probably derived from the verb and/or from askew, and the noun is derived from either the adjective or the verb.

cog

One application for which an optical filter can play an important role is that of a wideband connection with low time skew. [...] One signal, the clock, needs to be distributed to all parts of a digital circuit to synchronize its action. The necessarily long path results in the danger of the clock signal arriving at the wrong time (clock skew), limiting the maximum frequency at which the circuit may be clocked.

1989, Ivan Andonovic, Deepak Uttamchandani, editors, Principles of Modern Optical Systems, volume 1, Norwood, Mass.: Artech House, →ISBN, page 501:

Until recently, there has been a great reluctance to alter the clock network and attempt a nonzero-skew solution. However, recently, an increasing number of designers have been willing to utilize skews for performance enhancement.

2004, Sachin Sapatnekar, “Clocking and Clock Skew Optimization”, in Timing, New York, N.Y., Boston, Mass.: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN, section 9.8 (Conclusion), page 205:

(electronics) A phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems (such as computers) in which the same sourced clock signal arrives at different components at different times.

vääristymä

phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems in which the same sourced clock signal arrives at different components at different times


at

(dated, physics) Symbol for technische Atmosphäre, a non-SI unit of pressure used until 1978.


action

en-noun

action (countable and uncountable, plural actions)

→ Arabic: أَكْشِن (ʔakšin)

→ Bulgarian: екшън (ekšǎn)

→ German: Action

→ Irish: aicsean

→ Hebrew: אקשן (akshn)

→ Japanese: アクション (akushon)

→ Korean: 액션 (aeksyeon)

→ Russian: экшн (ekšn)

From Middle English accion, from Old French aucion, acciun, from Latin āctiō(n) (“act of doing or making”), from āctus + action suffix -iō(n), perfect passive participle of agere (“do, act”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti; see also act, active. By surface analysis, act + -ion.

der

(physics) The product of energy and time, especially the product of the Lagrangian and time.


species

en-noun

species (countable and uncountable, plural species or (rare, nonstandard) specieses)

species (plural)
specieses (nonstandard plural rare)

From Latin speciēs (“appearance; quality”), from speciō (“see”) + -iēs suffix signifying abstract noun. Doublet of spice.

(chemistry, physics) A particular type of atom, molecule, ion or other particle.


north

north (countable and uncountable, plural norths)

From Middle English north, from Old English norþ, from Proto-West Germanic *norþr, from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą, ultimately, these may derive from either: (a) Proto-Indo-European *h₁ner- (“inner, under”), from *h₁en (“in”); (b) alternatively from a Proto-Indo-European *ner- (“left, below”), as north is to the left when one faces the rising sun.
Cognate with various Germanic counterparts such as Dutch noord, West Frisian noard, German Nord, Danish and Norwegian nord; also with Greek νέρτερος (nérteros, “infernal, lower”).

cog

по́лночь f (pólnočʹ) (obsolete, now means "midnight")

(physics) The positive or north pole of a magnet, which seeks the magnetic pole near Earth's geographic North Pole (which, for its magnetic properties, is a south pole).


south

en-noun

south (countable and uncountable, plural souths)

From Middle English south, from Old English sūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *sunþr, from Proto-Germanic *sunþrą. Compare West Frisian súd, Dutch zuid, German Süd, Danish syd.

по́лдень m (póldenʹ) (obsolete, now means "noon")

(physics) The negative or south pole of a magnet


boom

Borrowed from Dutch boom (“tree; pole”). Doublet of beam.

(electronics) The longest element of a Yagi antenna, on which the other, smaller ones are transversally mounted.


parent

From Middle English parent, borrowed from Anglo-Norman parent, Middle French parent, from Latin parentem, accusative of parēns (“parent”), present participle of pariō (“I breed, bring forth”).

ծնող

person who acts as a parent in rearing a child — see also guardian

(physics) The nuclide that decays into a daughter nuclide.


daughter

daughter (plural daughters or (archaic) daughtren)

daughters (plural)
daughtren (archaic plural)

Australian Kriol: doda

From Middle English doughter, doghter, from Old English dohtor (“daughter”), from Proto-West Germanic *dohter, from Proto-Germanic *duhtēr, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr.

devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter

(physics) A nuclide left over from radioactive decay.


temperature

temperature (countable and uncountable, plural temperatures)

/ˈtɛm.pəɹ.əˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈtɛm.pəɹˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈtɛm.pɹəˌt͡ʃɚ/

[ˈtʰɛm.pʰəɹˌt͡ʃɚ]

[ˈtʰɛm.pʰɹəˌt͡ʃɚ]

Borrowed from Latin temperātūra (cf. also French température), from the past participle stem of tempero (“I temper”).

ջերմաստիճան

the temperature of the immediate environment

In consequence, macroscopic amounts of matter in thermal contact with one another tend to be at the same temperature, a fact of sufficient fundamental importance to merit belated designation as the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics.

2000 September, Clinton D. Stoner, “Inquiries into the Nature of Free Energy and Entropy in Respect to Biochemical Thermodynamics”, in Entropy, volume 2, number 3, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 106–141:

(thermodynamics) A property of macroscopic amounts of matter that serves to gauge the average intensity of the random actual motions of the individually mobile particulate constituents.


jump

Brill Publishers
hydraulic jump
jump cut
jump discontinuity
jump instruction

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, jump”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Others have connected it to Ancient Greek ἀθεμβούσα (athemboúsa, “uninhibited”), which is unlikely. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.
Cognates
Cognate with Middle Dutch gumpen (“to jump”), Low German jumpen (“to jump”), Middle High German gumpen, gampen (“to jump, hop”) (dialectal German gampen, Alemannic German gumpe, Walser dialect kumpu), Old Norse goppa (“to jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

قَفْزَة

instance of propelling oneself into the air — see also leap

(physics, hydrodynamics) An abrupt increase in the height of the surface of a flowing liquid at the location where the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical, involving an abrupt reduction in flow speed and increase in turbulence.


hole

→ Japanese: ホール (hōru)

→ Korean: 홀 (hol)

Sranan Tongo: olo

Inherited from Middle English hole, hol, from Old English hol (“orifice, hollow place, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą (“hollow space, cavity”), noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”), which is of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to hollow.

отвор

orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)

(physics) In semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.


bombard

en-verb

bombard (third-person singular simple present bombards, present participle bombarding, simple past and past participle bombarded)

bombards (present singular third-person)
bombarding (participle present)
bombarded (participle past)
bombarded (past)

From French bombarder, from Middle French bombarde (“a bombard”).

(physics) To direct at a substance an intense stream of high-energy particles, usually sub-atomic or made of at most a few atoms.

бомбарди́рам

to direct at a substance an intense stream of high-energy particles, usually sub-atomic or made of at most a few atoms


gray

(physics) gray (SI unit of absorbed radiation)


duct

Borrowed from Latin ductus (“leading, conducting”, noun), from dūcō (“to lead, conduct, draw”) + -tus (action noun suffix). Doublet of ductus and douit. Also via Medieval Latin ductus (“a conveyance of water; a channel”), which itself has the first mentioned etymology.

شَأن

pipe, tube or canal which carries air or liquid from one place to another

(physics) A layer (as in the atmosphere or the ocean) which occurs under usually abnormal conditions and in which radio or sound waves are confined to a restricted path


AC

Coordinate term: DC

110 V AC

alternating current
alternating current#English

(electricity) Initialism of alternating current (often used to indicate an alternating potential rather than a current).

alternating current

electricity grid
grid electricity#English

(electricity, informal, by extension) supply of electric energy via a public electricity grid


DC

en-noun

DC (countable and uncountable, plural DCs)

(electrical) Initialism of direct current.

gelijkspanning

What can be measured over an open circuit or a resistance


SQL

(physics) Initialism of standard quantum limit.


PE

PE (countable and uncountable, plural PEs)

(electronics) Initialism of protective earthing.


PI

PI (countable and uncountable, plural PIs)

(electronics) Initialism of power integrity.


PR

PR (countable and uncountable, plural PRs)


SC

SC (countable and uncountable, plural SCs)


SE

(physics) Initialism of secondary electron.


ban

From Dutch band, from Middle Dutch bant.
* The sense “band” is a semantic loan from English band.

(physics) band (a part of the electromagnetic spectrum)


GR

GR (countable and uncountable, plural GRs)

general relativity
general relativity#English

(physics) Initialism of general relativity.


MC

MC (countable and uncountable, plural MCs or MC's)

Coordinate term: MM

(electronics, audio) Initialism of moving coil, a type of phono cartridge.


SI

SI (countable and uncountable, plural SIs)

S.I.

statutory instrument, chiefly in citation

(electronics) Initialism of signal integrity.


SI

Sistem Internasional
w:id:Sistem Internasional

(physics) Initialism of Sistem Internasional (“International System of Units”).


CA

corrente alternada
corrente alternada#Portuguese

(electricity) Abbreviation of corrente alternada. AC


bel

From English bel, after Alexander Graham Bell.

(physics) bel, a measure of relative power, defined as log₁₀(P ₁/P ₂), where P₁ and P₂ are the measured and reference power respectively.


NC

(electronics, of a relay) Initialism of normally closed.


OR

(electrical engineering) A logic gate to implement inclusive or.


TX

en-verb

TX (third-person singular simple present TXes, present participle TXing, simple past and past participle TXed)

TXes (present singular third-person)
TXing (participle present)
TXed (participle past)
TXed (past)

(telecommunications, electronics) Abbreviation of transmit.


TX

(telecommunications, electronics) Abbreviation of transmitter.


VA

en-noun

VA (countable and uncountable, plural VAs)

vertical alignment
vertical alignment#English

(electronics) Initialism of vertical alignment (“LCD screen technology”).


positron

From positive + -tron (electron). Coined by American physicist Carl Anderson in 1932 to replace the earlier term antielectron.

coin

The notion of a positron weapon remains the stuff of science fiction.

If these particles carry unit positive charge the curvatures and ionizations produced require the mass to be less than twenty times the electron mass. These particles will be called positrons.

[1933 March 15, Carl D. Anderson, “The Positive Electron”, in Physical Review, volume 43:

(physics) The antimatter equivalent of an electron, having the same mass but a positive charge.


positron

→ Persian: پوزیترون (pozitron)


positron

positronet (definite singular)
positron (indefinite plural)
positroner (indefinite plural)
positrona (definite plural)
positronene (definite plural)


positron

positronet (definite singular)
positron (indefinite plural)
positrona (definite plural)


verre

Haitian Creole: vè

Louisiana Creole: vè, vèr, vær

Inherited from Middle French voirre (most probably pronounced /ˈvwɛːrə/), from Old French voirre, from Latin vitrum. Doublet of vitre.
The irregular evolution of /wɛ/ into /ɛ/ in this word is "early but normal after labials"; the influence of derivatives with an etymological first-syllable /ɛ/ may also be relevant. Compare François vs. Français, roide vs. raide.

un verre de lunettes

un verre grossissant

(countable) Object of this substance
(optics) lens, glass


leg

→ Finnish: legi

→ Hungarian: leg

From Middle English leg, legge, from Old Norse leggr (“leg, calf, bone of the arm or leg, hollow tube, stalk”), from Proto-Germanic *lagjaz, *lagwijaz (“leg, thigh”) (see it for more).
Cognate with Scots leg (“leg”), Icelandic leggur (“leg, limb”), Norwegian Bokmål legg (“leg”), Norwegian Nynorsk legg (“leg”), Swedish lägg (“leg, shank, shaft”), Danish læg (“leg”), Lombardic lagi (“thigh, shank, leg”), Latin lacertus (“limb, arm”), Persian لنگ (leng). Upon borrowing, mostly displaced the native Old English term sċanca (Modern English shank).

der

piss on someone's leg and tell them it's raining

(electrical) A branch circuit; one phase of a polyphase system.


molar

From mol(e) + -ar in the chemistry usage.

(physics) Of or relating to a complete body of matter as distinct from its molecular or atomic constituents.


slug

Nicoline van der Sijs
Slug (disambiguation)

Originally referred to a slow, lazy person, from Middle English slugge (“lazy person", also "slowth, slothfulness”), probably of either Old English or Old Norse origin; compare Norn slug (“lazy, slothful, sluggish”), dialectal Norwegian slugg (“a large, heavy body”), sluggje (“heavy, slow person”), Danish slog (“rascal, rogue”); perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sliǵ-ōn, from *sley- (“smooth; slick; sticky; slimy”) or otherwise from the root of Old Norse slókr (“lazy person, oaf”), whence Icelandic slókur (“laziness”). Compare also Dutch slak (“snail, slug”). Doublet of slotch.

inh

The average slug has a mass of around 0.00002 slugs.

(physics, rare) The imperial (English) unit of mass that accelerates by 1 foot per second squared (1 ft/s²) when a force of one pound-force (lbf) is exerted on it.


translate

en-verb

translate (third-person singular simple present translates, present participle translating, simple past and past participle translated)

translates (present singular third-person)
translating (participle present)
translated (participle past)
translated (past)
translate (infinitive)

[ˈtʃɹʷɛ̃nzɫæe̯ʔ(t)]

From Middle English translaten (“to transport, translate, transform”), from Anglo-Norman translater, from Latin trānslātus, perfect passive participle of trānsferō (“to transport, carry across, translate”).
In this sense, displaced Old English wendan (“to translate,” also the word for “to turn” and “to change”).

traduir

to change (something) from one form or medium to another

транслирам

to move (something) from one place or position to another

Consider a collection of objects – perfectly elastic pool balls, perhaps – rattling around inside a closed, isolated container. We can translate the container and its contents through space, and the physics inside the container is unchanged.

2004, Stephen Webb, “Symmetry”, in Out of this World: Colliding Universes, Branes, Strings, and Other Wild Ideas of Modern Physics, New York, N.Y.: Copernicus Books, Springer, in association with Praxis Publishing, →ISBN, page 19:

Senses relating to a change of position.

(transitive, archaic) To move (something) from one place or position to another; to transfer.

(transitive, physics) To subject (a body) to linear motion with no rotation.

平移

to subject (a body) to linear motion with no rotation

If the ball were to hit the racket at its center of mass (CM) or balance point (which is usually in the throat of the racket), the racket recoil would be pure translation and there would be no rotation of the racket. Instead, if the ball were to hit in the center of the strung area, the racket would both translate (to conserve linear momentum) and rotate (to conserve angular momentum), […]

1987, Howard Brody, “The Sweet Spots of a Tennis Racket”, in Tennis Science for Tennis Players, Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 25:

Let us assume the gas molecule to be a structureless "billiard ball," translating in space and frequently colliding with the neighboring molecules.

2015, Ethirajan Rathakrishnan, “High-temperature Flows”, in High Enthalpy Gas Dynamics, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore, →ISBN, section 4.10 (Kinetic Theory of Gases), page 109:

(intransitive, physics) Of a body: to be subjected to linear motion with no rotation.


pavement

en-noun

pavement (usually uncountable, plural pavements)

From Middle English pament, from Anglo-Norman pavement and reinforced by Middle French pavement; both from Latin pavīmentum (“paved surface or floor”), from pavīre (“to beat, to ram, to tread down”). Morphologically pave + -ment.

der

The riches of heaven's pavement, trodden gold.

1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(now chiefly in technical contexts) A paved surface; a hard covering on the ground.


TCO

(electronics) Initialism of transparent conducting oxide.


hard

en-adj

hard (comparative harder or more hard, superlative hardest or most hard)

harder (comparative)
more hard (comparative)
hardest (superlative)
most hard (superlative)

→ Finnish: haarti

→ Spanish: hard

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with German hart, Swedish hård, Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

صَعْب

requiring a lot of effort to do or understand

(physics, of a ferromagnetic material) Having the capability of being a permanent magnet by being a material with high magnetic coercivity (compare soft).

hard X-rays

(physics, of electromagnetic radiation) Having a high energy (high frequency; short wavelength).


luz

Inherited from Old Spanish luz, from Latin lūcem, from Proto-Italic *louks, from Proto-Indo-European *léwks (“light”). Compare the borrowed doublet lux.

Se fue la luz.

The lights went out. (There is a blackout.)


force

en-noun

force (countable and uncountable, plural forces)

From Middle English force, fors, forse, from Old French force, from Late Latin fortia, a noun derived from the neuter plural of Latin fortis (“strong”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise, high, hill”).

der

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

(countable, physics) A physical quantity that denotes ability to push, pull, twist or accelerate a body and which has a direction and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance/time² (ML/T²): SI: newton (N); CGS: dyne (dyn)


mass

en-noun

mass (countable and uncountable, plural masses)

In late Middle English (circa 1400) as masse in the sense of "lump, quantity of matter", from Anglo-Norman masse, in Old French attested from the 11th century, via late Latin massa (“lump, dough”), from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “barley-cake, lump (of dough)”). The Greek noun may be derived from the verb μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European *maǵ- (“to oil, knead”), although this is uncertain. Doublet of masa.
The sense of "a large number or quantity" arises circa 1580. The scientific sense is from 1687 (as Latin massa) in the works of Isaac Newton, with the first English use (as mass) occurring in 1704.

der

(physics) A measure of the inertia of a mass of matter, one of four fundamental properties of matter. SI unit of mass: kilogram.

masë

physics: quantity of matter which a body contains


gravity

en-noun

gravity (countable and uncountable, plural gravities)

Learned borrowing from Latin gravitās (“weight”) (compare French gravité), from gravis (“heavy”). Doublet of gravitas. First attested in the 16th century.

lbor

Do you know that gravity is pulling at you, tugging at you, trying to drag you down, from the moment you awake in the morning till you tumble into bed at night?

1950 January, Howard Hayes, “You and Gravity”, in The Atlantic:

It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next[…].

2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:

(physics) The phenomenon that, on earth, objects have weight; the similar phenomenon on other celestial bodies such as the moon.

Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

2012 January, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-26, page 86:

(physics) A law or laws of gravitation: any theory which attempts to account for the phenomena of weight and/or the mutual attraction of massive objects (Aristotelian gravity, Newtonian gravity).


center of gravity

en-noun

center of gravity (plural centers of gravity)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-center of gravity.wav

(physics) A point, near or within a body, through which its weight can be assumed to act when considering forces on the body and its motion under gravity. This coincides with the center of mass in a uniform gravitational field.

مَرْكَز الْجَاذِبِيَّة

point, near or within a body, at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated


velocity

velocity (countable and uncountable, plural velocities)

From Middle French vélocité, from Latin vēlōcitās (“speed”), from vēlōx (“fast”), thus a doublet of veloce.

A car racing in a circle may retain the same speed while continually changing its velocity.

Usually, however, confluence is associated with an increase in air velocity and diffluence with a decrease. In the intermediate case, confluence is balanced by an increase in wind velocity and diffluence by a decrease in velocity.

2004, Roger Barry, Richard Chorley, Roger G. Barry, Atmosphere, Weather and Climate, page 118:

Such angular distances imply undecelerated ejecta knot transverse velocities of 15,600 and 12,700 km/s respectively, assuming an explosion date ~1670 AD and a distance of 3.4 kpc.

2015, Robert A. Fesen, Dan Milisavljevic, “An HST Survey of the Highest-Velocity Ejecta in Cassiopeia A”, in arXiv:

(physics) A vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position with respect to time, combining speed with a directional component.


friction

friction (usually uncountable, plural frictions)

From Middle French friction and directly from Latin frictionem, nom. frictio (“a rubbing, rubbing down”).

Secondly, When a body is once in motion it will continue to move forever, unless something stops it. When a ball is struck on the surface of the earth, the friction of the earth and the resistance of the air soon stop its motion.

1839, Denison Olmsted, A Compendium of Astronomy, page 95:

(physics) A force that resists the relative motion or tendency to such motion of two bodies in contact.


unit

Formerly unite, a later form of unity; see unity.

(UK, electricity) One kilowatt-hour (as recorded on an electricity meter).


dimension

The dimension of velocity is length divided by time.

(physics) One of the physical properties that are regarded as fundamental measures of a physical quantity, such as mass, length and time.


gravitation

gravitation (usually uncountable, plural gravitations)

/ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃən/

Borrowed from New Latin gravitātiō. Equivalent to gravity + -ation.

(physics) The fundamental force of attraction that exists between all matter in the universe, caused by the curvature of spacetime caused by matter. It is the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, and possesses a gauge boson known as the graviton.

тыртыжыышкын

tırtıjıışkın


gravitation

English gravitation, itself borrowed from New Latin gravitātiō.

Near-synonyms: pesanteur, gravité


gravitation

gravitation (indefinite nominative singular)
gravitations (genitive indefinite singular)
gravitationen (definite nominative singular)
gravitationens (definite genitive singular)

Gravitation är svagare än elektromagnetismen, men påverkar all materia och energi.

Gravity is weaker than electromagnetism, but affects all matter and energy.


activate

en-verb

activate (third-person singular simple present activates, present participle activating, simple past and past participle activated)

activates (present singular third-person)
activating (participle present)
activated (participle past)
activated (past)

(transitive, chemistry, physics) To render more reactive; excite.

(transitive, physics) To render a substance radioactive.


activity

en-noun

activity (countable and uncountable, plural activities)

From Middle French activité, from Latin activitas. Equivalent to active + -ity.

(physics) The number of radioactive decays per unit time. Unit for it: becquerel or curie


rail

→ Catalan: rail

→ Dutch: rail

→ French: rail

→ Japanese: レール (rēru)

→ Punjabi: ਰੇਲ (rel)

→ Spanish: raíl

→ Swahili: reli

→ Tibetan: རི་ལི (ri li, “train”)

From Middle English rail, rayl, *reȝel, *reȝol (found in reȝolsticke (“a ruler”)), partly from Old English regol (“a ruler, straight bar”) and partly from Old French reille; both from Latin regula (“rule, bar”), from regō (“to rule, to guide, to govern”); see regular. Doublet of regal, regula, rigol, and rule.

doublet

ISA devices draw power from the +5 V, −5 V, +12 V, and −12 V rails of the power supply unit.

There has been another, fairly gradual change in the ATX specification: Initially a lot of power was supplied on the 5V and 3.3V rails, but over time more and more power shifted to 12V because it's more efficient. Modern (ATX12V 2.x) PSUs supply most of their power on the 12V rail and not a lot on the 5V rail, which means a modern PSU may not be able to supply an old board, unless it's a really beefy PSU—because providing 500W on the 12V rail is of very little use to an AT or early ATX system.

2019 December 5, Michal Necasek, “Power Trouble”, in OS/2 Museum, archived from the original on 2022-09-25:

(electronics) A conductor maintained at a fixed electrical potential relative to ground, to which other circuit components are connected.


pin

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: pins

→ Polish: pin

→ Spanish: pin

→ Swahili: pini

→ Swedish: pin, pins

From Middle English pinne, from Old English pinn (“pin, peg, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *pinnaz, *pinnō, *pint- (“protruding point, peak, peg, pin, nail”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“protruding object, pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pen (“enclosure”).
Cognate with Dutch pin (“peg, pin”), Low German pin, pinne (“pin, point, nail, peg”), German Pinn, Pinne (“pin, tack, peg”), Bavarian Pfonzer, Pfunzer (“sharpened point”), Danish pind (“pin, pointed stick”), Norwegian pinn (“stick”), Swedish pinne (“peg, rod, stick”), Icelandic pinni (“pin”). More at pintle.
No relation to classical Latin pinna (“fin, flipper, wing-like appendage, wing, feather”), which was extended to mean "ridge, peak, point" (compare pinnacle), and often confused with Latin penna (“wing, feather”). More at feather and pen (Etymology 3).

cog

The UK standard connector for domestic mains electricity has three pins.

(electricity) Any of the individual connecting elements of a multipole electrical connector.

краче

electricity: any of the individual connecting elements of a multi-pole electrical connector


pin

pin (nominative singular)
piny (nominative plural)
pinu (genitive singular)
pinów (genitive plural)
pinowi (dative singular)
pinom (dative plural)
pin (accusative singular)
piny (accusative plural)
pinem (instrumental singular)
pinami (instrumental plural)
pinie (locative singular)
pinach (locative plural)
pinie (singular vocative)
piny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English pin, from Middle English pinne, from Old English pinn, from Proto-Germanic *pinnaz, *pinnō, *pint-, from Proto-Indo-European *bend-.

(electricity) lead, pin (any of the individual connecting elements of a multipole electrical connector)


pin

(electricity) pin (any of the individual connecting elements of a multipole electrical connector)


race

en-noun

race (countable and uncountable, plural races)

From Middle English race, partially from Old English rǣs (“a race, swift or violent running, rush, onset”), from Proto-West Germanic *rās; and partially from Old Norse rás (“a running, race”); both from Proto-Germanic *rēsō (“a course”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁s- (“to flow, rush”). Cognate with Middle Low German râs (“a strong current”), Dutch ras (“a strong whirling current”), Danish ræs, Norwegian and Swedish ras, Norwegian rås.

cog

Many problems of oscillations and races are solved by this arrangement.

1989, R. Raghuram, Computer Simulation of Electronic Circuits, New Delhi: Wiley Eastern, →ISBN, page 181:

Because a race by definition depends on the timing being just wrong, you could test your program any number of times, never observe any misbehavior, and still have a user run into the problem.¶ This occurrence is not just a theoretical possibility: Real programs have race bugs and real users have encountered them, sometimes with consequences that have literally been fatal.

1999, Max Hailperin, Barbara Kaiser, Karl Knight, “Java, Applets, and Concurrency”, in Concrete Abstractions, Brooks/Cole Publishing, →ISBN, page 622:

As the name implies, a race condition means that two processes are competing within the same time interval, and the race affects the integrity or correctness of the computing tasks.

2012, Charles P. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, Analyzing Computer Security, Prentice Hall, page 79:

(electronics, computing) A race condition; a bug or problem that occurs when two or more components attempt to use the same resource at the same time.


jerk

Probably from Middle English yerk (“sudden motion”) and Middle English yerkid (“tightly pulled”), from Old English ġearc (“ready, active, quick”) and Old English ġearcian (“to prepare, make ready, procure, furnish, supply”). Cognate with Scots yerk (“to jerk”). Related also to English yare (“ready”).

inh

Because oral sex deprecation and anti-gay bias both have long histories among humans

many of the words for "contemptible person" come from literal terms for anyone who performs oral sex or performs anal sex; see overlap at Thesaurus:gay man

(physics, engineering) The rate of change in acceleration with respect to time.


lead

en-noun

lead (countable and uncountable, plural leads)

From Middle English leden, from Old English lǣdan (“to lead”), from Proto-West Germanic *laidijan, from Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to cause one to go, lead”), causative of Proto-Germanic *līþaną (“to go”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to leave, die”).
Cognate with West Frisian liede (“to lead”), Dutch leiden (“to lead”), German leiten (“to lead”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål lede (“to lead”), Norwegian Nynorsk leia (“to lead”), Swedish leda (“to lead”). Related to Old English līþan (“to go, travel”).

der

(electrical) The angle between the line joining the brushes of a continuous-current dynamo and the diameter symmetrical between the poles.

(electrical) The advance of the current phase in an alternating circuit beyond that of the electromotive force producing it.


ilke

head

ilke (definite accusative ilkeyi, plural ilkeler)

ilkeyi (accusative definite)
ilkeler (plural)
ilke (nominative singular)
ilkeler (nominative plural)
ilkeyi (accusative definite singular)
ilkeleri (accusative definite plural)
ilkeye (dative singular)
ilkelere (dative plural)
ilkede (locative singular)
ilkelerde (locative plural)
ilkeden (ablative singular)
ilkelerden (ablative plural)
ilkenin (genitive singular)
ilkelerin (genitive plural)
ilkem (first-person nominative singular)
ilkelerim (first-person nominative singular)
ilken (nominative second-person singular)
ilkelerin (nominative second-person singular)
ilkesi (nominative singular third-person)
ilkeleri (nominative singular third-person)
ilkemiz (first-person nominative plural)
ilkelerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
ilkeniz (nominative plural second-person)
ilkeleriniz (nominative plural second-person)
ilkeleri (nominative plural third-person)
ilkemi (accusative definite first-person singular)
ilkelerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
ilkeni (accusative definite second-person singular)
ilkelerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
ilkesini (accusative definite singular third-person)
ilkelerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
ilkemizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
ilkelerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
ilkenizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
ilkelerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
ilkelerini (accusative definite plural third-person)
ilkeme (dative first-person singular)
ilkelerime (dative first-person singular)
ilkene (dative second-person singular)
ilkelerine (dative second-person singular)
ilkesine (dative singular third-person)
ilkelerine (dative singular third-person)
ilkemize (dative first-person plural)
ilkelerimize (dative first-person plural)
ilkenize (dative plural second-person)
ilkelerinize (dative plural second-person)
ilkelerine (dative plural third-person)
ilkemde (first-person locative singular)
ilkelerimde (first-person locative singular)
ilkende (locative second-person singular)
ilkelerinde (locative second-person singular)
ilkesinde (locative singular third-person)
ilkelerinde (locative singular third-person)
ilkemizde (first-person locative plural)
ilkelerimizde (first-person locative plural)
ilkenizde (locative plural second-person)
ilkelerinizde (locative plural second-person)
ilkelerinde (locative plural third-person)
ilkemden (ablative first-person singular)
ilkelerimden (ablative first-person singular)
ilkenden (ablative second-person singular)
ilkelerinden (ablative second-person singular)
ilkesinden (ablative singular third-person)
ilkelerinden (ablative singular third-person)
ilkemizden (ablative first-person plural)
ilkelerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
ilkenizden (ablative plural second-person)
ilkelerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
ilkelerinden (ablative plural third-person)
ilkemin (first-person genitive singular)
ilkelerimin (first-person genitive singular)
ilkenin (genitive second-person singular)
ilkelerinin (genitive second-person singular)
ilkesinin (genitive singular third-person)
ilkelerinin (genitive singular third-person)
ilkemizin (first-person genitive plural)
ilkelerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
ilkenizin (genitive plural second-person)
ilkelerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
ilkelerinin (genitive plural third-person)


burn

en-verb

burn (third-person singular simple present burns, present participle burning, simple past and past participle burned or (mostly Commonwealth) burnt or (obsolete) brent)

burns (present singular third-person)
burning (participle present)
burned (participle past)
burned (past)
burnt (Commonwealth participle past)
burnt (Commonwealth past)
brent (obsolete participle past)
brent (obsolete past)
burn (infinitive)

Sranan Tongo: bron

Aukan: boon

From Middle English bernen, birnen, from Old English birnan (“to burn”), metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenw-, present stem from *bʰrewh₁-. Doublet of brew.
See also Middle Irish brennim (“drink up”), bruinnim (“bubble up”); also Middle Irish bréo (“flame”), Albanian burth (“Cyclamen hederifolium, mouth burning”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhurati, “moves quickly, twitches, fidgets”). More at brew.

verbranden

chemistry: to cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent

(intransitive, physics, of an element) To be converted to another element in a nuclear fusion reaction, especially in a star.

fuusioitua

physics: to be converted to another element in a nuclear fusion


ductility

en-noun

ductility (countable and uncountable, plural ductilities)

(physics) Ability of a material to be drawn out longitudinally to a reduced section without fracture under the action of a tensile force.


dwell

From Middle English dwellen (“delay, live, remain, persist”), from Old English dwellan (“to mislead, deceive; be led into error, stray”), from Proto-Germanic *dwaljaną (“to hold up, delay; hesitate”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwelH- (“to whirl, swirl, blur, obfuscate”), which is cognate with Old Norse dvelja and related to Proto-Germanic *dwelaną (“to go astray”), which underwent semantic change in its descendants. Cognates include Danish dvæle (“to linger, dwell”) and Swedish dväljas (“to dwell, reside”).

cog

(electrical engineering) A planned delay in a timed control program.


input

en-noun

input (countable and uncountable, plural inputs)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-input.wav

From Middle English inputten, equivalent to in- + put.

model with A/V input


north pole

/ˌnɔːθ ˈpəʊl/

/ˌnɔɹθ ˈpoʊl/

(electromagnetism) The positive pole of a magnetic dipole that seeks geographic north.


south pole

(electromagnetism) The negative pole of a magnetic dipole that seeks geographic south.


light

light (countable and uncountable, plural lights)

→ Gulf Arabic: ليت (lēt)

→ Farefare: laatɩ

Sranan Tongo: leti

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *lewk-der.
Proto-Germanic *leuhtaz
Proto-West Germanic *leuht
Old English lēoht
Middle English light
English light
From Middle English light, liht, leoht, from Old English lēoht, from Proto-West Germanic *leuht, from Proto-Germanic *leuhtą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewktom, from the root *lewk- (“light”).
Cognates
*Scots licht (“light”)
*West Frisian ljocht (“light”)
*Dutch licht (“light”)
*Low German licht (“light”)
*German Licht (“light”)
*Swedish ljus (“light”)
*Icelandic ljós (“light”)
*Latin lūx (“light”)
*Russian луч (luč, “beam of light”)
*Armenian լույս (luys, “light”)
*Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white”)
*Persian رُخش (roxš).

visible light

electromagnetic wave perceived by the eye

As you can see, this spacious dining-room gets a lot of light in the mornings.

Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps,[…], and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Here the stripped panelling was warmly gold and the pictures, mostly of the English school, were mellow and gentle in the afternoon light.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

[Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in the dark, look for specks of light in the villages.

2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

When the studio light is on, I am recording my evening show.
Audio (US): (file)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

Electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation#Noun

(physics, uncountable) Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye (about 400–750 nanometers); visible light.

black light

(by extension) Infrared or ultraviolet radiation.


make

From Middle English maken, from Old English macian (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-West Germanic *makōn (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ- (“to knead, mix, make”).
Related to match.
Cognates
* Scots mak (“to make”)
* Saterland Frisian moakje (“to make”)
* West Frisian meitsje (“to make”)
* Dutch maken (“to make”)
* Dutch Low Saxon maken (“to make”)
* German Low German maken (“to make”)
* German machen (“to make, do”)
* Danish mage (“to make, arrange (in a certain way)”)
* Latin mācerō, macer
* Ancient Greek μάσσω (mássō)

cog

If the interrupter operated every 2 sec., the current would rise to 10 amp. and drop to zero with successive "makes" and "breaks."

1947, Charles Seymour Siskind, Electricity, page 94:

(physics) The closing of an electrical circuit.


引力

/in²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/jɐn¹³ lɪk̚²/

/in⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lat̚⁴/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lat̚¹²¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lat̚⁴/

/iŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ lak̚⁴/

/in²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/jɐn¹³ lɪk̚²/

/in⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lat̚⁴/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lat̚¹²¹/

/in⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lat̚⁴/

/iŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ lak̚⁴/


conductor

Borrowed from Middle French conductour, from Old French conduitor, from Latin conductor.

Coordinate term: semiconductor

Falling conductors may come in contact with grounded objects or puddles of water.

The failure of HIF detection leads to potential hazard to human beings and potential fire. HIFS are usually caused by falling conductors coming into contact with a surface having poor conductivity.

1997, Institution of Electrical Engineers, Fourth International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation & Management, 11-13 November 1997, Institution of Electrical Engineers:

(physics) Something that can transmit electricity, heat, light, or sound.

përcjellës

something which can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound


conductor

Borrowed from Latin conductōrem (“contractor, employer”).


conductor

la-noun

conductor m (genitive conductōris, feminine conductrīx); third declension

conductōris (genitive)
conductrīx (feminine)
conductor (nominative singular)
conductōrēs (nominative plural)
conductōris (genitive singular)
conductōrum (genitive plural)
conductōrī (dative singular)
conductōribus (dative plural)
conductōrem (accusative singular)
conductōrēs (accusative plural)
conductōre (ablative singular)
conductōribus (ablative plural)
conductor (singular vocative)
conductōrēs (plural vocative)

Catalan: conductor

English: conductor

French: conducteur

Galician: conductor

Old French: conduitor

Portuguese: condutor

Romanian: conducător, conductor

Russian: конду́ктор (kondúktor)

Spanish: conductor

(physics) conductor (of heat, electricity etc)


conductor

conductoare (plural)
conductor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
conductorul (accusative definite nominative singular)
conductoare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
conductoarele (accusative definite nominative plural)
conductor (indefinite singular)
conductorului (definite singular)
conductoare (indefinite singular)
conductoarelor (definite plural)
conductorule (singular vocative)
conductoarelor (vocative)

Borrowed from French conducteur, from Latin conductor.


conductor

conductori (plural)
conductor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
conductorul (accusative definite nominative singular)
conductori (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
conductorii (accusative definite nominative plural)
conductor (indefinite singular)
conductorului (definite singular)
conductori (indefinite singular)
conductorilor (definite plural)
conductorule (singular vocative)
conductorilor (vocative)


weight

en-noun

weight (countable and uncountable, plural weights)

Belizean Creole: wayt

→ Japanese: ウエイト (ueito)

→ Burmese: ဝိတ် (wit)

From Middle English weight, weiȝte, weght, wight, from Old English wiht, ġewiht (“weight”), from Proto-Germanic *wihtiz ("weight"; compare *weganą (“to move”)), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to move; pull; draw; drive”). Equivalent to weigh + -th.
Cognate with Scots wecht, weicht (“weight”), Saterland Frisian Wächte (“scale”), Gewicht (“weight”), West Frisian gewicht (“weight”), Dutch gewicht (“weight”), German Low German Wicht, Gewicht (“weight”), German Wucht (“massiveness, force”), Gewicht (“weight”).

gloss

"weight"; compare <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*weganą</i> (“to move”)

inh

(physics) Mass (atomic weight, molecular weight, etc.) (in restricted circumstances).

(physics, proscribed) Synonym of mass (in general circumstances).