robot

desc

→ Arabic: رُوبُوت (rūbūt), رُوبُوط (rūbūṭ)

→ Hindi: रोबोट (roboṭ)

→ Japanese: ロボット (robotto)

→ Korean: 로봇 (robot)

→ Persian: رُبات (robât), روبات (rôbât)

→ Swahili: roboti

→ Welsh: robot

Etymology tree
Proto-Balto-Slavic *árbas
Proto-Slavic *orbъ
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Slavic *-iti
Proto-Slavic *orbiti
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ota
Proto-Slavic *orbota
Old Czech robota
Czech robota
Czech robotbor.
English robot
Borrowed from Czech robot, from robota (“drudgery, servitude”). Coined in the 1920 science-fiction play R.U.R. by Karel Čapek after having been suggested to him by his brother Josef. Ultimately a cognate with Old English earfoþe and German Arbeit. Doublet of orphan.

etymon

(dance, preceded by definite article) A style of dance popular in disco in which the dancer imitates the stiff movements of a stereotypical android robot.


absolute

en-adj

absolute (comparative more absolute or absoluter, superlative most absolute or absolutest)

more absolute (comparative)
absoluter (comparative)
most absolute (superlative)
absolutest (superlative)
abs. (alternative)
absolut (alternative)

conditional

antonym(s) of “free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions”

antonym(s) of “independent of references

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absolut, from Middle French absolut, from Latin absolūtus (“unconditional; unfettered; completed”), perfect passive participle of absolvō (“loosen, set free, complete”), from ab (“away”) + solvo (“to loose”). Influenced in part by Old French absolu. Compare absolve.

независим

grammar: not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence

categorical

absolute music

(art, music, dance) Independent of (references to) other arts; expressing things (beauty, ideas, etc) only in one art.


abstract

en-adj

abstract (comparative more abstract or abstracter, superlative most abstract or abstractest)

more abstract (comparative)
abstracter (comparative)
most abstract (superlative)
abstractest (superlative)

From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.

(art) Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.


writer

writer (nominative singular)
writerzy (nominative plural)
writery (derogatory nominative plural)
writera (genitive singular)
writerów (genitive plural)
writerowi (dative singular)
writerom (dative plural)
writera (accusative singular)
writerów (accusative plural)
writerem (instrumental singular)
writerami (instrumental plural)
writerze (locative singular)
writerach (locative plural)
writerze (singular vocative)
writerzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English writer.

To moja stara nowa szkoła, tworzę style jak writerzy

It's my new old school, I create style like graffiti artists


toe

en-noun

toe (countable and uncountable, plural toes)

heel

antonym(s) of “each of the five digits on the end of the foot”

From Middle English to, from Old English tā, (Mercian) tāhe, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ, from *tīhwaną (“to show, announce”), from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show”).
See also Dutch teen, German Zehe, Danish tå, Swedish tå; also Old English teōn (“to accuse”), German zeihen (“to accuse, blame”); also Hittite [script needed] (tekkuššāi), Latin dīcere (“to say”), digitus (“finger”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “to point out, show”), Sanskrit दिदेष्टि (dídeṣṭi), दिशति (diśáti).

cog

(dance, uncountable) An advanced form of ballet primarily performed by women, wearing pointe shoes.


crew

From Middle English crue, from Old French creue (“an increase, recruit, military reinforcement”), the feminine past participle of creistre (“grow”), from Latin crescere (“to arise, grow”).

avustaja

arts: non-actor member of a theatrical stage production

And Jay cuts the records every day of the week / And we are the crew that can never be meek

1985, “King of Rock”, performed by Run-DMC:

The most popular and critically acclaimed rap and deejay “crews”—Run-D.M.C., Whodini, L.L. Cool J, the Beastie Boys, the Fat Boys, Public Enemy, Full Force, Salt & Pepa, Afrika Bambaataa, Kurtis Blow, Mantronix, U.T.F.O., et al.—were spawned on that city's streets.

1988 February 7, Carly Darling, “L.A.—The Second Deffest City of Hip-Hop”, in Los Angeles Times:

We decided we needed another rapper in the crew and spent months looking.

2003, Jennifer Guglielmo, Salvatore Salerno, Are Italians White?, →ISBN, page 150:

In b-boying culture, a group of b-boys or b-girls who dance and battle together are referred to as a crew.

2016, Sophy Smith, Hip-Hop Turntablism, Creativity and Collaboration, Routledge, →ISBN, page 10:

[…] mutating into all-star line-ups of emcees spitting hot bars over familiar beats, then to a single crew spitting bars over familiar beats, then eventually to a single crew (or artist) spitting bars over unfamiliar beats.

2021, Jehnie I. Burns, Mixtape Nostalgia: Culture, Memory, and Representation, page 138:

(slang, hip-hop) A hip-hop or b-boying group.

A group of people together
A hip-hop or b-boying group.


turtle

Modification of Middle English tortou, tortu, from Old French tortüe (under the influence of Middle English turtel, turtur (“turtledove”), see Etymology 2 below), from Medieval Latin tortuca (compare Spanish tortuga), the same source of tortoise (see there for more). Displaced native Old English byrdling.

(dance) A breakdancing move consisting of a float during which the dancer's weight shifts from one hand to the other, producing rotation or a circular "walk".


helicopter

→ Amharic: ሄሊኮፕተር (helikoptär)

Bislama: helikopta

→ Cebuano: helikopter

→ Malay: helikopter

→ Tagalog: helikopter

Tok Pisin: helikopta

/ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɜɹ/

Borrowed from French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”). Doublet of helicopteron. By surface analysis, helico- + -pter. The dragonfly sense is from a dragonfly's ability to hover and fly in any direction, like the flying machine.

af

(dance) A breakdance move in which the dancer spins on the floor while extending the legs to resemble the blades of a helicopter.


salsa

en-noun

salsa (countable and uncountable, plural salsas)

→ Mongolian: салса (salsa)

PIE word
 *séh₂ls
Borrowed from Spanish salsa (“sauce”), from Latin salsus (“salted”), whence also the doublet sauce (via Old French).

(countable, dance) Any of several dances performed to salsa music.


salsa

salsa (nominative singular)
salsat (nominative plural)
salsa (accusative nominative singular)
salsat (accusative nominative plural)
salsan (accusative genitive singular)
salsat (accusative genitive plural)
salsan (genitive singular)
salsojen (genitive plural)
salsain (genitive plural rare)
salsaa (partitive singular)
salsoja (partitive plural)
salsassa (inessive singular)
salsoissa (inessive plural)
salsasta (elative singular)
salsoista (elative plural)
salsaan (illative singular)
salsoihin (illative plural)
salsalla (adessive singular)
salsoilla (adessive plural)
salsalta (ablative singular)
salsoilta (ablative plural)
salsalle (allative singular)
salsoille (allative plural)
salsana (essive singular)
salsoina (essive plural)
salsaksi (singular translative)
salsoiksi (plural translative)
salsatta (abessive singular)
salsoitta (abessive plural)
salsoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
salsani (nominative singular)
salsani (nominative plural)
salsani (accusative nominative singular)
salsani (accusative nominative plural)
salsani (accusative genitive singular)
salsani (accusative genitive plural)
salsani (genitive singular)
salsojeni (genitive plural)
salsaini (genitive plural rare)
salsaani (partitive singular)
salsojani (partitive plural)
salsassani (inessive singular)
salsoissani (inessive plural)
salsastani (elative singular)
salsoistani (elative plural)
salsaani (illative singular)
salsoihini (illative plural)
salsallani (adessive singular)
salsoillani (adessive plural)
salsaltani (ablative singular)
salsoiltani (ablative plural)
salsalleni (allative singular)
salsoilleni (allative plural)
salsanani (essive singular)
salsoinani (essive plural)
salsakseni (singular translative)
salsoikseni (plural translative)
salsattani (abessive singular)
salsoittani (abessive plural)
salsoineni (comitative plural)
salsasi (nominative singular)
salsasi (nominative plural)
salsasi (accusative nominative singular)
salsasi (accusative nominative plural)
salsasi (accusative genitive singular)
salsasi (accusative genitive plural)
salsasi (genitive singular)
salsojesi (genitive plural)
salsaisi (genitive plural rare)
salsaasi (partitive singular)
salsojasi (partitive plural)
salsassasi (inessive singular)
salsoissasi (inessive plural)
salsastasi (elative singular)
salsoistasi (elative plural)
salsaasi (illative singular)
salsoihisi (illative plural)
salsallasi (adessive singular)
salsoillasi (adessive plural)
salsaltasi (ablative singular)
salsoiltasi (ablative plural)
salsallesi (allative singular)
salsoillesi (allative plural)
salsanasi (essive singular)
salsoinasi (essive plural)
salsaksesi (singular translative)
salsoiksesi (plural translative)
salsattasi (abessive singular)
salsoittasi (abessive plural)
salsoinesi (comitative plural)
salsamme (nominative singular)
salsamme (nominative plural)
salsamme (accusative nominative singular)
salsamme (accusative nominative plural)
salsamme (accusative genitive singular)
salsamme (accusative genitive plural)
salsamme (genitive singular)
salsojemme (genitive plural)
salsaimme (genitive plural rare)
salsaamme (partitive singular)
salsojamme (partitive plural)
salsassamme (inessive singular)
salsoissamme (inessive plural)
salsastamme (elative singular)
salsoistamme (elative plural)
salsaamme (illative singular)
salsoihimme (illative plural)
salsallamme (adessive singular)
salsoillamme (adessive plural)
salsaltamme (ablative singular)
salsoiltamme (ablative plural)
salsallemme (allative singular)
salsoillemme (allative plural)
salsanamme (essive singular)
salsoinamme (essive plural)
salsaksemme (singular translative)
salsoiksemme (plural translative)
salsattamme (abessive singular)
salsoittamme (abessive plural)
salsoinemme (comitative plural)
salsanne (nominative singular)
salsanne (nominative plural)
salsanne (accusative nominative singular)
salsanne (accusative nominative plural)
salsanne (accusative genitive singular)
salsanne (accusative genitive plural)
salsanne (genitive singular)
salsojenne (genitive plural)
salsainne (genitive plural rare)
salsaanne (partitive singular)
salsojanne (partitive plural)
salsassanne (inessive singular)
salsoissanne (inessive plural)
salsastanne (elative singular)
salsoistanne (elative plural)
salsaanne (illative singular)
salsoihinne (illative plural)
salsallanne (adessive singular)
salsoillanne (adessive plural)
salsaltanne (ablative singular)
salsoiltanne (ablative plural)
salsallenne (allative singular)
salsoillenne (allative plural)
salsananne (essive singular)
salsoinanne (essive plural)
salsaksenne (singular translative)
salsoiksenne (plural translative)
salsattanne (abessive singular)
salsoittanne (abessive plural)
salsoinenne (comitative plural)
salsansa (nominative singular)
salsansa (nominative plural)
salsansa (accusative nominative singular)
salsansa (accusative nominative plural)
salsansa (accusative genitive singular)
salsansa (accusative genitive plural)
salsansa (genitive singular)
salsojensa (genitive plural)
salsainsa (genitive plural rare)
salsaansa (partitive singular)
salsojaan (partitive plural)
salsojansa (partitive plural)
salsassaan (inessive singular)
salsassansa (inessive singular)
salsoissaan (inessive plural)
salsoissansa (inessive plural)
salsastaan (elative singular)
salsastansa (elative singular)
salsoistaan (elative plural)
salsoistansa (elative plural)
salsaansa (illative singular)
salsoihinsa (illative plural)
salsallaan (adessive singular)
salsallansa (adessive singular)
salsoillaan (adessive plural)
salsoillansa (adessive plural)
salsaltaan (ablative singular)
salsaltansa (ablative singular)
salsoiltaan (ablative plural)
salsoiltansa (ablative plural)
salsalleen (allative singular)
salsallensa (allative singular)
salsoilleen (allative plural)
salsoillensa (allative plural)
salsanaan (essive singular)
salsanansa (essive singular)
salsoinaan (essive plural)
salsoinansa (essive plural)
salsakseen (singular translative)
salsaksensa (singular translative)
salsoikseen (plural translative)
salsoiksensa (plural translative)
salsattaan (abessive singular)
salsattansa (abessive singular)
salsoittaan (abessive plural)
salsoittansa (abessive plural)
salsoineen (comitative plural)
salsoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠ɑ̝ls̠ɑ̝]

fi:Salsa (kastike)
fi:Salsa (musiikki)
fi:Salsa (tanssi)


salsa

Borrowed from Spanish salsa, from Latin salsus (“salted”). Doublet of sarsa.


DC

(dance) Initialism of diagonally to the center.


baolet

baolets (nominative plural)
baolet (nominative singular)
baolets (nominative plural)
baoleta (genitive singular)
baoletas (genitive plural)
baolete (dative singular)
baoletes (dative plural)
baoleti (accusative singular)
baoletis (accusative plural)
o baolet! (singular vocative)
o baolets! (plural vocative)
baoletu (predicative singular)
baoletus (plural predicative)


phrase

From Late Latin phrasis (“diction”), from Ancient Greek φράσις (phrásis, “manner of expression”), from φράζω (phrázō, “I tell, express”).

der

(dance) A short individual motion forming part of a choreographed dance.


ad lib

ad libs (plural)
ad lib. (alternative adverb)
ad-lib (alternative noun verb)
adlib (alternative noun verb)

Abbreviation of ad libitum, borrowed from New Latin ad libitum.

(music, chiefly hip-hop) Improvised vocals added after the main vocals have been recorded which serve to emphasize the rhythm or fill the lyrical bar line.


fling

From Middle English fling, from the verb (see below). Compare Icelandic flengur (“a fast sprint”).

the Highland fling

(dance) A lively Scottish country dance.


wine

en-verb

wine (third-person singular simple present wines, present participle wining, simple past and past participle wined)

wines (present singular third-person)
wining (participle present)
wined (participle past)
wined (past)

From Jamaican Creole [Term?], related to wind (verb).

Carolina come wine 'pon me / Oh watch how di gyal groove

Even when there are positive comments, as in the responses to “white boy wines to dancehall,” the origin of the white boy's ability to dance is attributed to skills derived from others: […].

2010, Andoni Alonso, Pedro Oiarzabal, editors, Diasporas in the New Media Age: Identity, Politics, and Community, University of Nevada Press, →ISBN:

(dance, intransitive) To perform a Jamaican dance, such as the Dutty Wine.


set

set (third-person singular simple present sets, present participle setting, simple past set, past participle set or (dialectal) setten)

sets (present singular third-person)
setting (participle present)
set (past)
set (participle past)
setten (dialectal participle past)

desctree

→ Japanese: セット (setto)
→ Hokkien: siat-to͘h

From Middle English setten, from Old English settan, from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan, from Proto-Germanic *satjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sodéyeti, causative of *sed- (“to sit”).

set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride to the Devil

Set to partners! was the next instruction from the caller.

(intransitive, country dancing) To acknowledge a dancing partner by facing him or her and moving first to one side and then to the other, while she or he does the opposite.


set

From Middle English set, sete, sette (“that which is set, the act of setting, seat”), from Old English set (“setting, seat, a place where people remain, habitation, camp, entrenchment, a place where animals are kept, stall, fold”) and Old English seten (“a set, shoot, slip, branch; a nursery, plantation; that which is planted or set; a cultivated place; planting, cultivation; a setting, putting; a stopping; occupied land”), related to Old English settan (“to set”). Compare Middle Low German gesette (“a set, suite”), Old English gesetl (“assembly”). According to Skeat, in senses denoting a group of things or persons, representing an alteration of sept, from Old French sette (“a religious sect”), from Medieval Latin secta (“retinue”), from Latin secta (“a faction”). See sect. It is quite possible that the modern word is more of a merger between both, however.

cog

(dance) The initial or basic formation of dancers.

opstilling

dancing: initial or basic formation of dancers


shake

Unadapted borrowing from English shake. First attested in 1966.


slide

→ Czech: slajd

→ Japanese: スライド (suraido)

→ Persian: اسلاید (eslâyd)

→ Polish: slajd

→ Portuguese: slide

From Middle English sliden, from Old English slīdan (“to slide”), from Proto-West Germanic *slīdan, from Proto-Germanic *slīdaną (“to slide, glide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sléydʰ-e-ti, from *sleydʰ- (“slippery”). Cognate with Old High German slītan (“to slide”) (whence German schlittern), Middle Low German slīden (“to slide”), Middle Dutch slīden (“to slide”) (whence Dutch slijderen, frequentative of now obsolete slijden), Vedic Sanskrit स्रेधति (srédhati, “to err, blunder”).

cog

(traditional Irish music and dance) A lively dance from County Kerry, in 12/8 time.


spit

en-verb

spit (third-person singular simple present spits, present participle spitting, simple past and past participle spat or spit)

spits (present singular third-person)
spitting (participle present)
spat (participle past)
spat (past)
spit (participle past)
spit (past)

Collins English Dictionary
Oxford Dictionaries

The verb is from Middle English spē̆ten, spete (“to spit (blood, phlegm, saliva, venom, etc.); of a fire: to emit sparks”), from Old English spǣtan (“to spit; to squirt”); or from Middle English spit, spitte, spitten (“to spit (blood, phlegm, saliva, venom, etc.); of a fire: to emit sparks”), from Old English spittan, spyttan (“to spit”), both from Proto-Germanic, from Proto-Indo-European *sp(y)ēw, *spyū, ultimately imitative; compare Middle English spitelen (“to spit out, expectorate”) and English spew. The English word is cognate with Danish spytte (“to spit”), North Frisian spütte, Norwegian spytte (“to spit”), Swedish spotta (“to spit”), Old Norse spýta (Faroese spýta (“to spit”), Icelandic spýta (“to spit”)).
The noun is derived from the verb; compare Danish spyt (“spit”), Middle English spit, spytte (“saliva, spittle, sputum”), spet (“saliva, spittle”), spē̆tel (“saliva, spittle”), North Frisian spiit.

cog

A group of black guys were spitting rhymes in the corner, slapping hands and egging one another on.

2005, Giselle Zado Wasfie, So Fly, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Griffin, →ISBN:

Didn't matter if I was out there spittin' on the mic or breaking ankles on the court, the best feeling in the world was performing in front of thousands of fans who couldn't stop screaming my name.

2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 19:

(transitive, slang, hip-hop) To rap, to utter.


split

→ Irish: spliota

Attested since about 1567, from Middle Dutch splitten (“to split”) and/or Middle Low German splitten (“to split”), both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *splittjan, an intensive form of Proto-West Germanic *splītan (“to split”), from Proto-Germanic *splītaną (whence Danish splitte, Low German splieten, German spleißen), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”).
Compare Middle English ysplett (“split”, past participle of splatten (“to split”)), Old English speld (“splinter”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), Old Irish sliss (“splinter”), Lithuanian spaliai (“flax sheaves”), Czech půl (“half”), Old Church Slavonic рас-плитати (ras-plitati, “to cleave, split”).

cog

past participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">splatten</i> (“to split”)

let the door hit you where the good Lord split you

(gymnastics, cheerleading, dance, usually in the phrase "to do the splits") A maneuver of spreading or sliding the feet apart until the legs are flat on the floor 180 degrees apart, either sideways to the body or with one leg in front and one behind, thus lowering the body completely to the floor in an upright position.


balance

en-verb

balance (third-person singular simple present balances, present participle balancing, simple past and past participle balanced)

balances (present singular third-person)
balancing (participle present)
balanced (participle past)
balanced (past)
balance (infinitive)
balance (first-person present singular)
balanced (first-person past singular)
balance (present second-person singular)
balancest (archaic present second-person singular)
balanced (past second-person singular)
balancedst (archaic past second-person singular)
balances (present singular third-person)
balanceth (archaic present singular third-person)
balanced (past singular third-person)
balance (plural present)
balanced (past plural)
balance (present subjunctive)
balanced (past subjunctive)
balance (imperative present)
balancing (participle present)
balanced (participle past)
balaunce (alternative)

From Middle English balaunce, from Old French balance, from Late Latin *bilancia, from (accusative form of) Latin bilanx (“two-scaled”), from bi- + lanx (“plate, scale”).
Displaced the word — Old English wǣġ akin to Modern English: wey from Proto-West Germanic *wāgu (“scales; weight”).

cog

to balance partners

(transitive, dance) To move toward, and then back from, reciprocally.


lift

en-noun

lift (countable and uncountable, plural lifts)

→ Cantonese: 𨋢 /䢂 (lip¹)

→ Dutch: lift
→ Papiamentu: left

→ Malay: lif

desctree

→ Russian: лифт (lift)
→ Armenian: լիֆտ (lift)
→ Georgian: ლიფტი (lipṭi)
→ Kazakh: лифт (lift)
→ Mongolian: лифт (lift)
→ Uyghur: لىفت (lift)
→ Uzbek: lift
→ Yakut: лифт (lift)

→ Swahili: lifti

→ Swedish: lift

From Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz). Cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål løfte (“to lift”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lyfta (“to lift”), German lüften (“to air, lift”), Old English lyft (“air”). See above. 1851 for the noun sense "a mechanical device for vertical transport".
(To steal): For this sense Cleasby suggests perhaps a relation to the root of Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (hliftus) "thief", cognate with Latin cleptus and Greek κλέπτω (kléptō)).

der

(dance) The lifting of a dance partner into the air.

nosto

dance: lifting of a dance partner into the air


勺

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE

Shí yòu sān nián, xué “Yuè”, sòng “Shī”, wǔ “Zhuó”.

十有三年，學《樂》，誦《詩》，舞《勺》。

十有三年，学《乐》，诵《诗》，舞《勺》。

(historical, dance) musical dance created by the Duke of Zhou


hey

From French haie (“hedge”), with reference to the weaving patterns used in hedgelaying. Doublet of hedge and quay.

(country dancing) A choreographic figure in which three or more dancers weave between one another, passing by left and right shoulder alternately.


cor

head

cor m (genitive singular coir, nominative plural cora or coranna)

coir (genitive singular)
cora (nominative plural)
coranna (nominative plural)
cor (indefinite nominative singular)
cora (indefinite nominative plural)
a choir (indefinite singular vocative)
a chora (indefinite plural vocative)
coir (genitive indefinite singular)
cor (genitive indefinite plural)
cor (dative indefinite singular)
cora (dative indefinite plural)
an cor (definite nominative singular)
na cora (definite nominative plural)
an choir (definite genitive singular)
na gcor (definite genitive plural)
leis an gcor (dative definite singular)
don chor (dative definite singular)
leis na cora (dative definite plural)

From Old Irish cor (“act of putting”), verbal noun of fo·ceird (“to put”).


dancer

dancers (plural)
dauncer (alternative obsolete)
dawncer (alternative obsolete)

→ Japanese: ダンサー (dansā)

From Middle English dauncer, dawncere, dancere, equivalent to dance + -er.

I'm a terrible dancer.

(dance) A person who dances, usually as a hobby, an occupation, or a profession.

dancanto dancisto virdancisto m dancistino


pop

en-verb

pop (third-person singular simple present pops, present participle popping, simple past and past participle popped)

pops (present singular third-person)
popping (participle present)
popped (participle past)
popped (past)

From Middle English pop, poppe (“a blow; strike; buffet”) (> Middle English poppen (“to strike; thrust”, verb)), of onomatopoeic origin – used to describe the sound, or short, sharp actions. The physics sense is part of a facetious sequence "snap, crackle, pop", after the mascots of Rice Krispies cereal.

cog

Let the poppers pop and the breakers break / We're cool, cool cats, it's like that

(dance) To perform the popping style of dance.


bar

en-noun

bar (countable and uncountable, plural bars)

→ Albanian: bar m

→ Arabic: بَار m (bār)

→ Armenian: բար (bar)

→ Bulgarian: бар (bar)

→ Burmese: ဘား (bha:)

→ Chichewa: bála

→ Cantonese: 吧 (baa¹)

→ Czech: bar m

→ Danish: bar c

→ Dutch: bar m

→ Esperanto: baro

→ Estonian: baar

→ French: bar m
→ Romanian: bar

→ Galician: bar m

→ Georgian: ბარი (bari)

→ German: Bar f

→ Greek: μπαρ n (bar)

→ Gulf Arabic: بار (bār)

→ Hebrew: בָּר (bar), בָּאר (bár)

→ Hungarian: bár (also via German)

→ Icelandic: bar m

→ Irish: beár m

→ Italian: bar m

→ Japanese: バー (bā)

→ Khmer: បារ (baa)

→ Korean: 바 (ba)

→ Lithuanian: bãras m

→ Macedonian: бар m (bar)

→ Malagasy: ba

→ Mandarin: 吧 (bā)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: bar m

Nynorsk: bar m

→ Persian: بار (bâr)

→ Polish: bar m

→ Portuguese: bar m

→ Russian: бар m (bar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ба̑р m, bȃr m

→ Slovene: bȃr m

→ Spanish: bar m

→ Swahili: baa

→ Swedish: bar c (see there for further descendants)

→ Thai: บาร์ (baa)

→ Turkish: bar

→ Xhosa: íbhári

→ Zulu: ibha

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Doublet of barre.

der

That rapper there, yeah, he got bars.

(slang, hip-hop) A complimentary reference to a rapper's lyrics, especially when good.


tap

en-noun

tap (countable and uncountable, plural taps)

The verb is derived from Middle English tappen, teppen (“to give (something) a knock or tap; to hit (something) lightly, pat, tap”), either:
* imitative of the making of a tapping sound; or
* from Old French tapper, taper (“to tap”) (modern French taper), from Frankish *tappōn, *dabbōn (“to strike”), or from Middle Low German tappen, tapen (“to rap, strike, tap”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dab- (“to strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰebʰ- (“to beat, strike; to stun; to be speechless”). Doublet of dab.
Verb sense 1.1.1 (“to arrest (someone)”) and sense 1.6 (“to choose or designate (someone) for a duty, etc.”) allude to a police officer or other person tapping someone on their shoulder to catch their attention or to select them.
The noun is derived from Middle English tap, tappe (“light blow or hit”), and then either:
* from Middle English tappen (verb) (see above); or
* from Old French tape (“light slap or touch, pat”) (modern French tape), from tapper, taper (verb) (see above).
Cognates
* German tappen (“to fumble; to grope”)
* Icelandic tappa, tapsa, tæpta (“to tap”)

der

(dance) One of the metal pieces attached to the sole of a tap dancer's shoe at the toe and heel to cause a tapping sound.

rauta

one of the metal pieces attached to the sole of a tap dancer’s shoe at the toe and heel to cause a tapping sound

Now, until you get to wearing block shoes, the same sandals do for everything except tap, and the world doesn't come to an end if you just wear your tunic knickers and a shirt for tap; but when we could get the stuff there was all that changing into rompers, and we'd special satin sandals for ballet. It was change, change, all the time.

1944, Noel Streatfeild, “Cousins”, in Curtain Up (Pennant Books), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Sons, published 1964, →OCLC, page 97:

As successful commercially as it was critically, Bring in Da Noise, Bring in Da Funk established Savion Glover as the new tap superstar.

2000, Ian Driver, “Sight and Sound: Tap Dancing”, in A Century of Dance, London: Hamlyn, →ISBN, page 116, column 1:

I had one advantage: I can keep time pretty well, especially to jazz, which effectively is all tap is. I can beat out a rhythm to any tune.

2009 February 21, Patrick Kidd, “Out of the ordinary: Tap dancing”, in The Times, London: News UK, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-11-27:

In this iconic staircase number [The Little Colonel], Bill "Bojangles" Robinson tutors Shirley Temple in the art of tap.

2014 March 25, Samantha Grossman, “The 10 Best Tap Dance Scenes in Film”, in Time, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-15:

(uncountable, dance) Ellipsis of tap dance.


hip-hop

hip-hop (nominative singular)
hip-hopu (genitive singular)
hip-hopowi (dative singular)
hip-hop (accusative singular)
hip-hopem (instrumental singular)
hip-hopie (locative singular)
hip-hopie (singular vocative)
hip hop (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from English hip-hop.

ubor

(dance) hip-hop dance (range of street dance styles primarily performed to hip hop music or that have evolved as part of hip hop culture)


monkey

en-noun

monkey (plural monkeys or (obsolete) monkies)

monkeys (plural)
monkies (obsolete plural)

→ Chukchi: маӈкы (maṇky)

→ Coeur d'Alene: moonki

→ Irish: moncaí

→ Navajo: mágí

→ Scottish Gaelic: muncaidh

→ Tumbuka: munkhwele

→ Welsh: mwnci

Uncertain. May be derived from monk + -ey (diminutive suffix), or borrowed from Middle Low German Moneke, the name of the son of Martin the Ape in Reynard the Fox (which may represent an unattested colloquial Middle Low German *moneke, *moneken), itself of uncertain origin. Possibly derived from a Romance term represented by Late Middle French monne (whence Modern French mone (“monkey”)) or earlier Old French monnekin (“monkey”), originally Monnekin, the name of a monkey in Li Dis d'Entendement. Compare also Old French and Middle French monin (“monkey”). The French terms may have been borrowed from Italian monna (“monkey”), from Old Spanish mona (“female monkey”), itself a shortening of mamona, variant of maimón, from Arabic مَيْمُون (maymūn, “baboon”)). However, Old French monnekin may alternatively be unrelated to the other terms, instead being a borrowing of Early Middle Dutch mannekin (a diminutive of a personal name or surname; hence, nickname, literally “miniature man”).

gl

whence Modern French <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">mone</i> (“monkey”)

der

cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey

you can take the monkey out of the jungle, but you can't take the jungle out of the monkey

Do the Monkey, yeah,
Do the Monkey, yeah,
Ah, twist them hips,
Let your backbone slip,
Now move your feet,
Get on the beat...

1963, Curtis Mayfield, "The Monkey Time" (video)

C'mon everybody! C'mon in!
Bobby's goin' to show you how to do the swim.
Kinda like the monkey, kinda like the twist
Pretend you're in the water and you go like this.

1964, “C'mon and Swim”, Thomas Coman and Sylvester Stewart (Sly Stone) (lyrics), performed by Bobby Freeman:

Do the monkey, do the pony / Do the slop, do the boogaloo twist.

1971, “Suicide Song”, in Loudon Wainwright III (lyrics), Album II, performed by Loudon Wainwright III:

...Used to the do the monkey
But now it's not cool...

(dance) A dance popularized by Major Lance in 1963, now usually only its upper-body dance move involving exaggerated drumming motions.


buck

From Middle English bukke, bucke, buc, from Old English buc, bucc, bucca (“he-goat, stag”), from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, *bukkō, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, *bukkô (“buck”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ- (“ram”). Doublet of puck (billy goat).
Currency-related senses hail from American English, a clipping of buckskin as a unit of trade among Indians and Europeans in frontier days (attested from 1748).
The idea of rigidly standing implements is instilled by Dutch bok (“sawhorse”) as in zaagbok (“sawbuck”).
The sense of an object indicating someone’s turn then occurred in American English, possibly originating from the game poker, where a knife (typically with a hilt made from a stag horn) was used as a place-marker to signify whose turn it was to deal. The place-marker was commonly referred to as a buck, which reinforced the term “pass the buck” used in poker, and eventually a silver dollar was used in place of a knife, which also led to a dollar being referred to as a buck.

(African-American Vernacular, dated, dance) Synonym of buck dance.


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

(gymnastics, dance, weightlifting) One who spots (supports or assists a maneuver, or is prepared to assist if safety dictates); a spotter.


spot

en-verb

spot (third-person singular simple present spots, present participle spotting, simple past and past participle spotted)

spots (present singular third-person)
spotting (participle present)
spotted (participle past)
spotted (past)

I can’t do a back handspring unless somebody spots me.

There had not been time to build handrails, so lines of women spotted the sides of the ramp.

1989 April 15, Angela Bowen, “Towards a National Lesbian Conference”, in Gay Community News, page 2:

(transitive, gymnastics, dance, weightlifting, climbing) To support or assist a maneuver, or to be prepared to assist if safety dictates.

Most figure skaters do not spot their turns like dancers do.

(transitive, dance) To keep the head and eyes pointing in a single direction while turning.


flamenco

flamenco (indefinite nominative singular)
flamencos (genitive indefinite singular)
flamencon (definite nominative singular)
flamencons (definite genitive singular)
flamencor (indefinite nominative plural)
flamencors (genitive indefinite plural)
flamencorna (definite nominative plural)
flamencornas (definite genitive plural)


step

step (accusative indefinite nominative)
stepul (accusative definite nominative)
step (indefinite)
stepului (definite)
stepule (vocative)


pedestrian

en-adj

pedestrian (comparative more pedestrian, superlative most pedestrian)

more pedestrian (comparative)
most pedestrian (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin pedester, root pedestri- (from pedes) + -an (suffix forming adjectives).

The choreographer prefers pedestrian movements.

(dance) Pertaining to ordinary, everyday movements incorporated in postmodern dance.


adagio

/əˈdɑːd͡ʒiəʊ/

/əˈdæd͡ʒiəʊ/

(dance) A male-female duet or mixed trio ballet displaying demanding balance, spins and/or lifts.


adagio

nl-noun

adagio n (plural adagios, diminutive adagiootje n)

adagios (plural)
adagiootje (diminutive neuter)


adagio

Borrowed from English adagio, from Italian adagio.

(dance) a male-female duet or mixed trio ballet displaying demanding balance, spins and/or lifts


adagio

adagio (nominative singular)
adagia (nominative plural)
adagia (genitive singular)
adagiów (genitive plural)
adagiu (dative singular)
adagiom (dative plural)
adagio (accusative singular)
adagia (accusative plural)
adagiem (instrumental singular)
adagiami (instrumental plural)
adagiu (locative singular)
adagiach (locative plural)
adagio (singular vocative)
adagio (plural vocative)
adadżjo (alternative)
adadżio (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian adagio. First attested in 1823.

ref

Kurjer Warszawski (in Polish), volume 3, t.2, number 167, 1823, page 1

(dance) adagio (a male-female duet or mixed trio ballet displaying demanding balance, spins and/or lifts)


dab

en-verb

dab (third-person singular simple present dabs, present participle dabbing, simple past and past participle dabbed)

dabs (present singular third-person)
dabbing (participle present)
dabbed (participle past)
dabbed (past)

From Middle English dabben (“to strike”), probably of North Germanic origin, related to Old Icelandic dabba (“to tap, slap”), perhaps ultimately imitative. Compare also with Middle Dutch dabben (“to pinch, knead, fumble, dabble”) (Dutch dabben (“(of a horse) to stamp with the forelegs”)), Dutch deppen (“to dab”), possibly German tappen (“to fumble, grope”).
The noun is from Middle English dabbe (“a strike, blow”), from the verb. Related to tap. Compare also drub, dub.
African-American sense of “playful box” perhaps influenced by dap (“fistbump”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

cog

Look, my bruddas don't dab, we just vossi bop

(dance, intransitive) To perform the dab dance move; to move both arms, parallel with one's head, to either side of the body.


dab

Irish: daba

onomatopoeic

imitative

(dance) A hip hop dance move in which the dancer simultaneously drops the head while raising an arm, briefly resting their face in the elbow, as if sneezing into their elbow.


evolution

en-noun

evolution (countable and uncountable, plural evolutions)

extinction

antonym(s) of “survival through adaptation”

/ɛvəˈlʉːʃən/

Borrowed from Latin ēvolūtiō, ēvolūtiōnis (“the act of unrolling, unfolding or opening (of a book)”), from ēvolūtus, perfect passive participle of ēvolvō (“unroll, unfold”), from ex + volvō (“roll”).
Compare typologically Czech vývoj, Serbo-Croatian развој, Russian разви́ть (razvítʹ), развива́ть (razvivátʹ), разви́ться (razvítʹsja), развива́ться (razvivátʹsja), Russian разви́тие (razvítije), related to Proto-Slavic *viti (whence Czech vít, Russian вить (vitʹ)).

تَطَوُّر

general: a gradual process of development

Our necromancer […] taking up his wand, waved it around his head in a very mysterious motion, with a view of intimidating these forward visitants, who, far from being awed by this sort of evolution, became more and more obstreperous […].

1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:

It was a critical instant: the pirouette -- it would fail, she feared. … the rapid whirl achieved in exact time, the whole evolution executed to perfection.

1869, anonymous author, Miss Langley's Will:

… as he beheld the tenfold pirouette of a lovely girl, which presented to the public eye the whole of her form and figure; … to praise the dexterity and ease with which the unfortunate and degraded creature had performed the ungraceful evolution, the only merit of which, is the gross exposition of person, at which modesty shudders […]

1825, Theodore Edward Hook, Sayings and Doings: Passion and principle:

"Look now, that pirouette -- my stars! how Beauchamp would stare to see his darling perform such an evolution!"

1863, Knightley Willia Horlock, The master of the hounds:

By this operation each foot will describe an arc or segment of a circle. … This evolution is performed sometimes on one foot, sometimes on the other …

1869, William Clarke, The boy's own book:

(chiefly dance, sports) A turning movement, especially of the body.


breakdown

en-noun

breakdown (countable and uncountable, plural breakdowns)

breakdowns (plural)
break-down (alternative)

sınma

failure, particularly one which is mechanical in nature

Come, hold on, boys, do n't clear out when the quadrilles are over, for we are going to have a break down to wind up with.

1859, John Russell Bartlett, “Break down”, in Dictionary of Americanisms: A Glossary of Words and Phrases usually Regarded as Peculiar to the United States, 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, and Company; London: Trübner and Company, →OCLC, page 49:

Towards nine the three miners said that as they had brought their instruments they might as well tune up, for the boys and girls would soon be arriving now, and hungry for a good old fashioned break[-]down. A fiddle, a banjo, and a clarinet—these were the instruments. The trio took their places side by side, and began to play some rattling dance-music, and beat time with their big boots.

1906, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], “The Californian’s Tale”, in The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories, New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 193:

(dance, dated) A noisy, rapid, shuffling dance engaged in competitively by a number of individuals or pairs in succession, common among African-Americans from the Southern United States; also, a lively event, chiefly in a rural setting, at which such dancing is done; a hoedown, a shindig.

breakdown-tanssi

shuffling dance common among African-Americans from the Southern United States


hora

From Hebrew הוֹרָה (hóra), Yiddish האָרע (hore), and Romanian horă, from Turkish hora, probably from Greek χορός (chorós, “dance”). Doublet of choir, chorus, and quire.

(dance) A circle dance popular in the Balkans, Israel and Yiddish culture worldwide.


dos-à-dos

Unadapted borrowing from French dos-à-dos (literally “back-to-back”).

ubor

(dance) dos a dos: a move in square dancing in which two dancers face each other, then step forward and left until they have right shoulders adjacent, then move to a position where they are back to back, then move to have left shoulders adjacent, then return to facing each other


twister

twister (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
twistant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
twisté (participle past)
twiste (first-person indicative present singular)
twistes (indicative present second-person singular)
twiste (indicative present singular third-person)
twistons (first-person indicative plural present)
twistez (indicative plural present second-person)
twistent (indicative plural present third-person)
twistais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
twistais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
twistait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
twistions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
twistiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
twistaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
twistai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
twistas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
twista (historic indicative past singular third-person)
twistâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
twistâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
twistèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
twisterai (first-person future indicative singular)
twisteras (future indicative second-person singular)
twistera (future indicative singular third-person)
twisterons (first-person future indicative plural)
twisterez (future indicative plural second-person)
twisteront (future indicative plural third-person)
twisterais (conditional first-person singular)
twisterais (conditional second-person singular)
twisterait (conditional singular third-person)
twisterions (conditional first-person plural)
twisteriez (conditional plural second-person)
twisteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
twiste (first-person present singular subjunctive)
twistes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
twiste (present singular subjunctive third-person)
twistions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
twistiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
twistent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
twistasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
twistasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
twistât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
twistassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
twistassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
twistassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
twiste (imperative second-person singular)
twistons (first-person imperative plural)
twistez (imperative plural second-person)


ill

en-adj

ill (comparative iller or more ill, superlative illest or most ill)

iller (comparative)
more ill (comparative)
illest (superlative)
most ill (superlative)

fine

antonym(s) of “suffering from a disease”

From Middle English ille (“evil; wicked”), from Old Norse illr (adjective), illa (adverb), ilt (noun) (whence Icelandic illur, Norwegian ille, Danish ilde), from Proto-Germanic *ilhilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁elḱ- (whence Latin ulcus (“sore”), Ancient Greek ἕλκος (hélkos, “wound, ulcer”), Sanskrit अर्शस् (árśas, “hemorrhoids”).

cog

it's an ill bird that fouls its own nest

it's an ill wind that blows nobody any good

it's an ill wind that blows no one any good

This is the illest beat I've ever heard.

Biggie Smalls is the illest / Your style is played out, like Arnold wonderin "Whatchu talkin bout, Willis?"

(slang, chiefly hip-hop) Sublime, with the connotation of being so in a singularly creative way.


abstrakt

abstrakt (indefinite singular abstrakt, definite singular and plural abstrakte, comparative mer abstrakt, superlative mest abstrakt)

abstrakt (indefinite singular)
abstrakte (definite plural singular)
mer abstrakt (comparative)
mest abstrakt (superlative)

From Latin abstractus (“drawn away, abstract”).

bor

abstrakt kunst

musikken er en underlig kunstart – helt abstrakt, og samtidig helt konkret

2006, Lars Roar Langslet, Når fuglen letter, page 178:

music is a strange art - completely abstract, and at the same time very concrete

kunsten, alle kunstarter, beveget seg henimot det abstrakte; maleri og skulptur var kjed av menneskekroppen

1964, Lorentz Eckhoff, En verden, page 98:

art, all art forms, moved towards the abstract; painting and sculpture were bored of the human body

det ville være bedre med en retrospektiv utstilling, for å sette den abstrakte kunsten i perspektiv

2014 May 7, Helgeland Arbeiderblad, page 28:

it would be better with a retrospective exhibition, to put the abstract art in perspective

i hans nye utstilling «Ship of Fools» vises nyproduserte figurative og abstrakte malerier av ulike fartøyer, hovedsakelig skip og fly

his new exhibition «Ship of Fools» shows newly produced figurative and abstract paintings of various vessels, mainly ships and aircraft

(art, dance, music) abstract (pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them)


mandar

es-verb

mandar (first-person singular present mando, first-person singular preterite mandé, past participle mandado)

mando (first-person present singular)
mandé (first-person preterite singular)
mandado (participle past)
mandar (infinitive)
mandando (gerund)
mandado (masculine participle past singular)
mandada (feminine participle past singular)
mandados (masculine participle past plural)
mandadas (feminine participle past plural)
mando (first-person indicative present singular)
mandas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
mandás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
manda (indicative present singular third-person)
mandamos (first-person indicative plural present)
mandáis (indicative plural present second-person)
mandan (indicative plural present third-person)
mandaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mandabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mandaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mandábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mandabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mandaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mandé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
mandaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
mandó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
mandamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
mandasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
mandaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mandaré (first-person future indicative singular)
mandarás (future indicative second-person singular)
mandará (future indicative singular third-person)
mandaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
mandaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
mandarán (future indicative plural third-person)
mandaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
mandarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
mandaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
mandaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
mandaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
mandarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
mande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mandes (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
mandés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
mande (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mandemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mandéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
manden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mandara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mandaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mandara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mandáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mandarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mandaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mandase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
mandases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
mandase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
mandásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
mandaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
mandasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
mandare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
mandares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
mandare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
mandáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
mandareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
mandaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
manda (imperative informal second-person singular)
mandá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
mande (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
mande (imperative singular third-person)
mandemos (first-person imperative plural)
mandad (imperative plural second-person)
manden (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
manden (imperative plural third-person)
mandes (imperative negative second-person singular)
mande (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
mande (imperative negative singular third-person)
mandemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
mandéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
manden (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
manden (imperative negative plural third-person)
mandarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
mandarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
mandarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
mandarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
mandarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
mandaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
mandarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
mandarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
mandarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
mandarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
mandarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
mandarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
mandarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
mandarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
mandaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
mandarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
mandarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
mandarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
mandándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
mandándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
mandándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
mandándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
mandándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
mandándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
mandándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
mandándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
mandándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
mandándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
mandándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
mandándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
mandándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
mandándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
mandándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
mandándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
mandándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
mandándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
mándame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
mándate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
mándale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mándanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
mándales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mándame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
mándate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
mándalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mándala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mándanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
mándalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mándalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
mandame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
mandate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
mandale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mandanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
mandales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mandame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
mandate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
mandalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mandala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mandanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
mandalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mandalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
mándeme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
mándele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
mándese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
mándenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
mándeles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
mándeme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
mándelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
mándela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
mándese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
mándenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
mándelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
mándelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
mandémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
mandémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
mandémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
mandémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
mandémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
mandémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
mandémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
mandémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
mandémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
mandémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
mandémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
mandémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
mandadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
mandadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mandadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
mandaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
mandadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mandadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
mandadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mandadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mandadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
mandaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
mandadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mandadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mándenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
mándenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mándennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
mándenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mándense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mándenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
mándenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mándenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
mándennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
mándenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mándenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
mándense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish mandar, from Latin mandāre, present active indicative of mandō (“order, commission”).


flavor

en-noun

flavor (countable and uncountable, plural flavors)

flavors (plural)
flavour (alternative UK)

From Middle English flavour meaning “smell, odour”, usually pleasing, borrowed from Old French flaour (“smell, odour”) (cfr. Sicilian ciàguru, its etymology and semantic), from Vulgar Latin *flātor (“odour, that which blows”), from Latin flātor (“blower”), from flō, flāre (“to blow, puff”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to make a loud noise”). Doublet of blow and bleat.

smaak

the quality produced by the sensation of taste

Who brings the flavor? / That's me, that's me / Who brings the flavor? / That's me. I got it

1993, “Bring The Flavor”, in Black Reign, performed by Queen Latifah:


shag

en-verb

shag (third-person singular simple present shags, present participle shagging, simple past and past participle shagged)

shags (present singular third-person)
shagging (participle present)
shagged (participle past)
shagged (past)

From Middle English schaggen, a variant of Middle English schoggen (“to shake; shake off; tremble”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps a byform of Middle English schokken (“to shake; move rapidly”), related to Middle Low German schokken (“to shake; tremble”). Alternatively, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *skakkōną (“to shake”), specifically continuing a post-Proto-Germanic variant *skagg-, where the non-singular stem *skag- caused the analogical replacement of the stem-final voiceless geminate consonants with voiced geminates, which was then leveled throughout the paradigm.

cog

Showman Monte Proser tried to cash in on the boom on a mass basis with his Dance Carnival in Madison Square Garden, where dancers lindy hopped, shagged and fox-trotted to the orchestras of Benny Goodman, Larry Clinton and Charlie Barnett[…]

1970, Richard R. Lingeman, Don't You Know There's a War On? […] , Putnam, →ISBN, page 16:

(dance, uncommon) To perform the dance called the shag.


shag

Its evolutionary course is unclear; however, by the late thirties, Shag was all the rage both on and off college campuses. It became so popular, in fact, that a 1937 New York Times article describes it as “the fundamental dance step for swing.”

2011, Tamara Stevens, Erin Stevens, editors, Swing Dancing, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 120:

(dance, sometimes capitalized) A swing dance.


jig

Unknown. Derivation from Middle English gyge (“fiddle”), from Old French gigue (“a fiddle”) has been proposed, but the connection and sense development are obscure. The sense “a type of dance” of modern French gigue is borrowed from English.

They danced a jig.

Soon Marshall is doing an elaborate foot-to-foot jig, and then they're all bounding around. Shoulder dips. Yee-ha faces. It's an impromptu hoedown.

2012 November 15, Tom Lamont, “How Mumford & Sons became the biggest band in the world”, in The Daily Telegraph:

(traditional Irish music and dance) A lively dance in 6/8 (double jig), 9/8 (slip jig) or 12/8 (single jig) time; a tune suitable for such a dance. By extension, a lively traditional tune in any of these time signatures. Unqualified, the term is usually taken to refer to a double (6/8) jig.


mambo

mambo (indefinite nominative singular)
mambos (genitive indefinite singular)
mambon (definite nominative singular)
mambons (definite genitive singular)
mambor (indefinite nominative plural)
mambors (genitive indefinite plural)
mamborna (definite nominative plural)
mambornas (definite genitive plural)

(dance) mambo; a type of Latin American dance


samba

en-noun

samba (countable and uncountable, plural sambas)

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese samba, from a Bantu language. Doublet of semba.

bor+

(dance) A Brazilian ballroom dance or dance style.


volta

(music, dance) A dance for couples popular during the late Renaissance, associated with the galliard and done to the same kind of music.


dislocation

en-noun

dislocation (countable and uncountable, plural dislocations)

From Middle English, from Old French, a borrowing from Medieval Latin dislocātiō, delocatio.

The practice of contortion can be divided into three categories: backbending, frontbending and dislocation.

2016, Louis Patrick Leroux, Charles R. Batson, Cirque Global: Quebec's Expanding Circus Boundaries, McGill-Queen's Press, →ISBN, page 297:

(gymnastics, dance) In men's gymnastics, a rotating of the shoulders when performing a backwards turn on the still rings. Many skills in acrobatics appear to involve dislocating a joint, when they actually do not.


reel

From Middle English reel, reele, from Old English rēol, hrēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hrehul, from Proto-Germanic *hrehulaz, *hrahilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to weave, beat”). Cognate with Icelandic ræl, hræll.

der

So strict is the kirk of Scotland, that one minister was unfrocked for writing a play (in former times); and another was sent about his business for being too fond of whiskey and of dancing the reel of Tullochgorum.

1824, Felix M'Donogh, The Hermit in Edinburgh:

(dance) A lively dance originating in Scotland.


reel

head

reel c (singular definite reelen, plural indefinite reeler)

reelen (definite singular)
reeler (indefinite plural)
reel (indefinite nominative singular)
reelen (definite nominative singular)
reeler (indefinite nominative plural)
reelerne (definite nominative plural)
reels (genitive indefinite singular)
reelens (definite genitive singular)
reelers (genitive indefinite plural)
reelernes (definite genitive plural)


fo shizzle

Blend of for sure + -izzle (rhyming ending). Popularized by rap artist Snoop Dogg; see -izzle for details. Fo shizzle is a direct derivative of Fa Sheezy popularized by E-40. They both share the same meaning and are used interchangeably. Both words first appeared on media in 1996 on Bay Area Rapper E-40’s “Rapper’s Ball”.

blend

for shizzle (alternative)
fo’ shizzle (alternative)
fa shizzle (alternative)

2001, Shawn Corey “Jay-Z” Carter, “Izzo (H.O.V.A.)”, The Blueprint, Roc-A-Fella and Island Def Jam
H to the izz-O, V to the izz-A
Fo’ shizzle my nizzle used to dribble down in VA

2002, Calvin Cordozar “Snoop Dogg” Broadus, Jr., “Beautiful”, Paid tha Co$t to Be da Bo$$, Doggystyle Records, Priority Records, and Capitol Records
Guy on phone: Yo dogg we on the way to do the video
Snoop: Fo shizzle!

Conversely, I was also a little jealous because it did sound a bit cool to have a church named after me, complete with my photo on the side of buses so that everyone would know that I was pastor izzle fo’ shizzle.

2006, Mark Driscoll, Confessions of a Reformission Rev.: Hard Lessons from an Emerging Missional Church, Zondervan, →ISBN, page 49:

(slang, hip-hop) For sure; of course; right on.


partner

pt-noun

partner m or f by sense (plural partneres)

Unadapted borrowing from English partner, from Old French parçonneour (“joint heir”).


swivel

en-noun

swivel (countable and uncountable, plural swivels)

From Middle English swyvel, swivel, from a derivative of Old English swīfan (“to revolve”), + -el, an instrumental suffix, equivalent to swive + -el.


rock and roll

/ˈɹɒk ən(d)ˈɹəʊl/

From rock (move back and forth) + and + roll; originally a verb phrase common among African Americans, meaning "to have sexual intercourse"; it was an euphemism that appeared in song titles since at least 1914 (Trixie Smith's "My Man Rocks Me With One Steady Roll").
As a name for a specific style of popular music from the early 1950s, popularized by disc jockey Alan Freed in reference to the euphemistic use in song titles.

rock-and-roll (alternative)
rock'n'roll (alternative)
rock 'n' roll (alternative)
rock n roll (alternative)
rock 'n roll (alternative)
rock-n-roll (alternative)
rock-'n'-roll (alternative)
rock & roll (alternative)

(dance) A style of vigorous dancing associated with this genre of music.


coco

→ English: coco

desctree

→ Italian: cocco
→ Middle French: coche
French: coco

→ Spanish: coco, coca, cucuy, cuco, cuca, cucu, cucuí
→ English: coco
→ Middle French: coco
French: coco

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos)bor.
Late Latin coccum?
Portuguese coco
Probably from Late Latin coccum (“kernel, seed”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos). Doublet of coque.

etymon

Que coco é esse / Eu já estou com vontade de dançar

1957, “Que coco é esse”, performed by Marinês:

What a coconut dance this is / I'm already in the mood to dance

(Brazil, dance) popular dance from Alagoas


solo

head

solo (definite singular soloen, indefinite plural soloer or soli, definite singular soloene or soliene)

soloen (definite singular)
soloer (indefinite plural)
soli (indefinite plural)
soloene (definite singular)
soliene (definite singular)

Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin solus (“alone”).


solo

solo m (definite singular soloen, indefinite plural soloar, definite plural soloane)

soloen (definite singular)
soloar (indefinite plural)
soloane (definite plural)


tango

From Rioplatense Spanish tango, probably from a Niger-Congo language (compare Ibibio tamgu (“to dance”)).

(dance) A standard ballroom dance in 4/4 time; or a social dance, the Argentine tango.

(dance) A Spanish flamenco dance with different steps from the Argentine.


tango

sk-noun

tango n (genitive singular tanga, nominative plural tangá, genitive plural táng, declension pattern of mesto)

tanga (genitive singular)
tangá (nominative plural)
táng (genitive plural)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)
singular
plural
nominative
tango
tangá
genitive
tanga
táng
dative
tangu
tangám
accusative
locative
tangách
instrumental
tangom
tangami


tango

tango (indefinite nominative singular)
tangos (genitive indefinite singular)
tangon (definite nominative singular)
tangons (definite genitive singular)
tangor (indefinite nominative plural)
tangoer (indefinite nominative plural)
tangos (indefinite nominative plural)
tangors (genitive indefinite plural)
tangoers (genitive indefinite plural)
tangos (genitive indefinite plural)
tangorna (definite nominative plural)
tangoernas (definite nominative plural)
tangornas (definite genitive plural)
tangoernas (definite genitive plural)

att dansa tango

to tango ["to dance type of dance" is idiomatic in Swedish (including for dances that end in "-dans")]


dip

en-noun

dip (countable and uncountable, plural dips)

From Middle English dippen, from Old English dyppan, from Proto-West Germanic *duppjan, from Proto-Germanic *dupjaną; see *daupijaną (“to dip”). Related to deep.

(dance) A move in many different styles of partner dances, often performed at the end of a dance, in which the follower leans far to the side and is supported by the leader.


dip

en-verb

dip (third-person singular simple present dips, present participle dipping, simple past and past participle dipped)

dips (present singular third-person)
dipping (participle present)
dipped (participle past)
dipped (past)

dip me in chocolate and throw me to the lesbians

dip me in honey and throw me to the lesbians

(transitive, dance) To perform a dip dance move (often phrased with the leader as the subject noun and the follower as the subject noun being dipped)


versus

la-noun

versus m (genitive versūs); fourth declension

versūs (genitive)
versus (nominative singular)
versūs (nominative plural)
versūs (genitive singular)
versuum (genitive plural)
versuī (dative singular)
versibus (dative plural)
versum (accusative singular)
versūs (accusative plural)
versū (ablative singular)
versibus (ablative plural)
versus (singular vocative)
versūs (plural vocative)
vorsus (alternative)

Catalan: vers

Corsican: versu

French: vers

Friulian: viers

Italian: verso

Occitan: vers

Old Galician-Portuguese: vesso

Old Spanish: viesso

Piedmontese: vers

Romanian: viers

Sardinian: bessu

→ Albanian: vjershë

→ English: verse

→ Polish: wiersz

→ Belarusian: верш (vjerš)

→ Ukrainian: вірш (virš)

→ Russian: вирш (virš), ви́рша (vírša)

→ Portuguese: verso

→ Serbo-Croatian: vȅrs/ве̏рс

→ Spanish: verso

→ Swedish: vers

→ Welsh: gwers


foxtrot

sk-noun

foxtrot m inan (genitive singular foxtrotu, nominative plural foxtroty, genitive plural foxtrotov, declension pattern of dub)

foxtrotu (genitive singular)
foxtroty (nominative plural)
foxtrotov (genitive plural)
dub (declension-pattern-of)
singular
plural
nominative
foxtrot
foxtroty
genitive
foxtrotu
foxtrotov
dative
foxtrotom
accusative
locative
foxtrote
foxtrotoch
instrumental
foxtrotmi


foxtrot

foxtrot (indefinite nominative singular)
foxtrots (genitive indefinite singular)
foxtroten (definite nominative singular)
foxtrotens (definite genitive singular)
foxtroter (indefinite nominative plural)
foxtroters (genitive indefinite plural)
foxtroterna (definite nominative plural)
foxtroternas (definite genitive plural)
foxtrott (alternative dated)


digging

Unadapted borrowing from English (crate)digging.

ubor

Mogłem nie jeść, byle hajs był na digging
Wolnostylowe sesje do sampli z Amigi

2022, O.S.T.R., “Matricio”, in 042 Requiem:

I might not have eaten, as long as I had money for cratedigging
Freestyle sessions to Amiga samples

(hip-hop slang) cratedigging (an act of going to the record shop in order to look for old vinyl records to use them for sampling)


vogue

en-noun

vogue (countable and uncountable, plural vogues)

First attested in 1565. Borrowed from Middle French vogue (“wave, course of success”), from Old French vogue, from voguer (“to row, sway, set sail”), from Old Saxon wogōn (“to sway, rock”), var. of wagōn (“to float, fluctuate”), from Proto-Germanic *wagōną (“to sway, fluctuate”) and Proto-Germanic *wēgaz (“water in motion”), from Proto-Germanic *weganą (“to move, carry, weigh”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to move, go, transport”) (compare way).
Akin to Old Saxon wegan (“to move”), Old High German wegan (“to move”), Old English wegan (“to move, carry, weigh”), Old Norse vaga (“to sway, fluctuate”), Old English wagian (“to sway, totter”), German Woge (“wave”), Swedish våg (“wave”). More at wag.
The dance derives its name from Vogue magazine.

cog

(dance) A highly stylized modern dance that evolved out of the Harlem ballroom scene in the 1960s.


stig

fo-noun

stig n (genitive singular stigs, plural stig)

stigs (genitive singular)
stig (plural)
stig (indefinite nominative singular)
stigið (definite nominative singular)
stig (indefinite nominative plural)
stigini (definite nominative plural)
stig (accusative indefinite singular)
stigið (accusative definite singular)
stig (accusative indefinite plural)
stigini (accusative definite plural)
stigi (dative indefinite singular)
stiginum (dative definite singular)
stigum (dative indefinite plural)
stigunum (dative definite plural)
stigs (genitive indefinite singular)
stigsins (definite genitive singular)
stiga (genitive indefinite plural)
stiganna (definite genitive plural)


brawl

From French branle (“type of dance; an act of shaking, a shake”), from branler (“to shake”), from Old French brandeler (“to shake, wave; to agitate”); see further at etymology 2.
Alternatively, the word could be derived from brawl (“(obsolete) to move to and fro, quiver, shake”): see etymology 2.

der

(dance, obsolete) A type of dance move or step.

Boy. Maiſter, will you win your loue with a french braule? / Brag[gart]. How meaneſt thou? brawling in French. / Boy. No my complet Maiſter, but to Iigge off a tune at the tongues ende, canarie to it with your feete, humour it with turning vp your eylids, ſigh a note and ſing a note ſomtime through the throate, if you ſwallowed loue with ſinging loue [...]

c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC; republished as Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5), London: W[illiam] Griggs, […], [1880], →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

(dance, music, historical) Alternative form of branle (“dance of French origin dating from the 16th century, performed by couples in a circle or a line; the music for this dance”).


booth

→ Bengali: বুথ (buth)

→ Scottish Gaelic: bùth

→ Welsh: bwth

From Middle English bothe, from either Old English bōþ or Old Norse bóð (compare Swedish bod) and/or the variant búð (> Scots buth), from Proto-Germanic *bōþō, *būþiz, *buþǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-. Compare Middle Low German bôde, Middle Dutch boede, German Bude.

(hip-hop, slang, with “the”) A recording studio.


limbo

Origin uncertain; possibly an alteration of limber (“bendable, flexible, pliant”) with the ending of the word respelled to represent a Caribbean English pronunciation.
It is unclear whether the verb is derived from the noun, or the noun is derived from the verb; the noun is attested slightly earlier.

Every limbo boy and girl / All around the limbo world / Gonna do the limbo rock / All around the limbo clock / Jack be limbo, Jack be quick / Jack go under limbo stick / All around the limbo clock / Hey, let's do the limbo rock

1962 October, Jan Sheldon [pseudonym; Kal Mann], Billy Strange, “Limbo Rock”, in Limbo Party, performed by Chubby Checker:

At night steel-band and calypso shows liven up many of the island's larger hotels. If you're not up for watching limbos, bottle dancing, and fire eating, your best bet might be a leisurely dinner before settling down on chaise longues around your hotel's pool with a couple of fruity concoctions.

1992, Susan Farewell, “The United States Virgin Islands”, in Alan Tucker, editor, The Berlitz Travellers Guide to the Caribbean 1993, New York, N.Y., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Berlitz Publishing Company, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 140:

Limbo is a traditional popular dance contest that originated on the island of Trinidad. It got its name in the 1950s, but the limbo dates back to the 1800s in Trinidad. […] R&B singer-songwriter Chubby Checker, who popularized the Twist, also popularized the limbo dance and the phrase "How low can you go?" The world record for the lowest limbo dance is only 8.5 inches above the ground!

2016, Linda Parker Hamilton, “Games in the Outdoors”, in Camping Activity Book for Families; The Kid-tested Guide to Fun in the Outdoors, Guilford, Conn., Helena, Mont.: FalconGuides, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 122, column 2:

(dance, also attributively) A competitive dance originating from Trinidad and Tobago in which dancers take turns to cross under a horizontal bar while bending backwards. The bar is lowered with each round, and the competition is won by the dancer who passes under the bar in the lowest position without dislodging it or falling down.

林波舞

competitive dance in which dancers take turns to cross under a horizontal bar while bending backwards


limbo

en-verb

limbo (third-person singular simple present limbos, present participle limboing, simple past and past participle limboed)

limbos (present singular third-person)
limboing (participle present)
limboed (participle past)
limboed (past)

Steve Becker was rolling around with the other skaters at the Pismo Beach, Calif. roller rink one day when it was announced that there would be a limbo contest. […] Steve had his friends set the bar lower and lower while he got flatter and flatter, until finally, at just over a foot and almost spread-eagled, he reached his limboing limit.

1967 November 24, “Miscellany: Stoop to Conquer”, in George P. Hunt, editor, Life, volume 63, number 21, Chicago, Ill., New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 124:

The race begins at Alyeska Resort with an alpine skiing leg. It then proceeds through a downhill sprint, an in-line skate, a mountain bike ride, a 5K run, a wheelchair obstacle course and, if all that wasn't enough, a three-legged race in which participants chug a beer or soda before limboing under the tape.

1993 May–June, Kathleen Ring, “Coming Attractions”, in Snow Country: The Year-round Magazine of Skiing, Mountain Sports & Living, volume 6, number 3, Trumbull, Conn.: NYT Sports/Leisure Magazines, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 68, column 3:

After each player goes under once, the bar is lowered about an inch. Players keep limboing under the limbo stick as it gets lower and lower. If you touch the stick with any part of your body, you're out. The last person left is the winner.

2016, Linda Parker Hamilton, “Games in the Outdoors”, in Camping Activity Book for Families; The Kid-tested Guide to Fun in the Outdoors, Guilford, Conn., Helena, Mont.: FalconGuides, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 122:

Anyway, one year we had a party in our unfinished basement. All I remember about it is that we limboed on bare concrete. Good times!

2020 January 28, Giselle Renarde, “Limbo Rock (Chubby Checker)”, in Play It on My Radio: A Diary in Music, [Los Gatos, Calif.]: [Smashwords], published 2021, →ISBN, page 171:

(dance) To dance the limbo (etymology 2, noun sense 1).


trot

From Middle English trotten, from Old French trotter, troter (“to go, trot”), from Medieval Latin *trottō, *trotō (“to go”), from Frankish *trottōn (“to go, run”), from Proto-Germanic *trudōną, *trudaną, *tradjaną (“to go, step, tread”), from Proto-Indo-European *dreh₂- (“to run, escape”). Cognate with Old High German trottōn (“to run”), Modern German trotten (“to trot, plod”), Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (trudan, “to tread”), Old Norse troða (“to walk, tread”), Old English tredan (“to step, tread”). Doublet of tread.


jitterbug

desctree

Japanese: ジルバ (jiruba)
Chinese: 吉魯巴／吉鲁巴 (jílǔbā)

/ˈd͡ʒɪtə(ɹ)bʌɡ/

From jitter + bug, after the 1934 Cab Calloway song Jitter Bug.

(dance) An uptempo jazz or swing dance which embellishes on the two-step pattern and frequently incorporates acrobatic style swing steps.


breakdance

Pseudo-anglicism, derived from breakdance.


breakdance

pl-noun

breakdance m inan (indeclinable, related adjective breakdance'owy or breakdansowy)

breakdance'owy (adjective)
breakdansowy (adjective)
breakdance (nominative singular)
breakdance'y (nominative plural)
breakdance'a (genitive singular)
breakdance'ów (genitive plural)
breakdance'owi (dative singular)
breakdance'om (dative plural)
breakdance (accusative singular)
breakdance'y (accusative plural)
breakdance'em (instrumental singular)
breakdance'ami (instrumental plural)
breakdansie (locative singular)
breakdance'ach (locative plural)
breakdansie (singular vocative)
breakdance'y (plural vocative)

(dance) breakdancing (urban style of acrobatic street dance that originated in the hip hop culture of New York City in the late 20th century)


breakdance

breakdance m animacy unspecified (canonical)
brejkdens (alternative)


breakdancing

From break + dancing.
Influenced by breakdown (the percussion break of songs chosen by a DJ for use in hip-hop music) -- breakdancers were originally those who danced to a breakdown.

break dancing (alternative)
break-dancing (alternative)

Hollywood made movies about breakdancing, dancers performed at the White House and the sky seemed the limit.

1998 July 6, Lola Ogunnaike, “NOTICED; Breakdancing Regains Its Footing”, in The New York Times:

(dance) An urban style of acrobatic street dance that originated in the hip hop culture of New York City in the late 20th century.


shuffle

Originally the same word as scuffle, and properly a frequentative of shove.

(dance) A dance move in which the foot is scuffed back and forth across the floor.


ceilidh

ceilidhs (plural)
ceilidhean (plural)
céilidh (alternative)
cèilidh (alternative)
ceilidhe (alternative)
céilidhe (alternative)

The noun is borrowed from Scottish Gaelic cèilidh (“a pilgrimage; a social call, visit; a sojourn; a social gathering with dancing, etc., ceilidh”) and Irish célidhe (archaic), céilí (“a social call, visit; a social gathering with dancing, etc., ceilidh”), both from Old Irish célide (“social call, visit”), from céile (“companion, fellow; neighbour”) (ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kēiliyos (“companion; servant”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to settle”)) + -ide.
The plural form ceilidhean is borrowed from Scottish Gaelic cèilidhean.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

Looking for the Possible Dance [by Alison Louise Kennedy] sets up the 'dance', the ceilidh, as a site of personal and possibly national salvation, but one plagued by insecurities.

2009, Michael Gardiner, “Arcades – The 1980s and 1990s”, in Ian Brown, Alan Raich, editors, Edinburgh Companion to Twentieth-century Scottish Literature, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 188:

'Traditional' British dance is a rather woolly genre; its bounds drawn without much discrimination and inclusive of folk dancing, ceilidh, country dancing and pretty much anything pre-20ᵗʰ century that didn't involve a tutu.

2009, “Performing Arts”, in Andrew Whittaker, editor, Britain: Be Fluent in British Life and Culture (Speak the Culture; 3), London: Thorogood Publishing, →ISBN, page 208:

We asked guests to bring something to share: poems, songs, short stories, music, even juggling—whatever they wanted to perform. Afterwards, we all danced the ceilidh, […]

2015, Jodie Gould, quoting “Clark”, “#4: Create: Expressing and Expanding the Inner Self”, in High: Six Principles for Guilt-free Pleasure and Escape, Center City, Minn.: Hazelden Publishing, →ISBN, Part 2 (The Six Pleasure Principles), page 174:


ceilidh

en-verb

ceilidh (third-person singular simple present ceilidhs, present participle ceilidhing, simple past and past participle ceilidhed)

ceilidhs (present singular third-person)
ceilidhing (participle present)
ceilidhed (participle past)
ceilidhed (past)

Nightly the scratch of fiddles and the thud of a reel-set staccatoed the timbers [of the ship sailing from Londonderry to Boston], as the peasant Irish ceilidhed their way to 'Amerikay'.

2001, Brendan Graham, chapter 5, in The Element of Fire, London: HarperCollins Publishers, →ISBN, page 27:


shimmy

shimmy (third-person singular simple present shimmies, present participle shimmying, simple past and past participle shimmied)

shimmies (present singular third-person)
shimmying (participle present)
shimmied (participle past)
shimmied (past)

A back-formation from chemise (mistaken for a plural).

She wondered would he think her awful, and try to get fresh if she shimmied. Fellows often did. But he was so cute. And a girl had to something about that, and if she didn't shimmy, she might do something worse.

1934, James T. Farrell, chapter 13, in The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan:

(dance) To perform a shimmy (dance movement involving thrusting the shoulders back and forth alternately).


sild

silla (genitive)
silda (partitive)
sild (nominative singular)
sillad (nominative plural)
sild (accusative nominative singular)
sillad (accusative nominative plural)
silla (accusative genitive singular)
sillad (accusative genitive plural)
silla (genitive singular)
sildade (genitive plural)
silda (partitive singular)
sildu (partitive plural)
sildasid (partitive plural)
silda (illative singular)
sillasse (illative singular)
sildadesse (illative plural)
sillusse (illative plural)
sillas (inessive singular)
sildades (inessive plural)
sillus (inessive plural)
sillast (elative singular)
sildadest (elative plural)
sillust (elative plural)
sillale (allative singular)
sildadele (allative plural)
sillule (allative plural)
sillal (adessive singular)
sildadel (adessive plural)
sillul (adessive plural)
sillalt (ablative singular)
sildadelt (ablative plural)
sillult (ablative plural)
sillaks (singular translative)
sildadeks (plural translative)
silluks (plural translative)
sillani (singular terminative)
sildadeni (plural terminative)
sillana (essive singular)
sildadena (essive plural)
sillata (abessive singular)
sildadeta (abessive plural)
sillaga (comitative singular)
sildadega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *cilta, earlier *tilta, from a Baltic language (cf. Latvian tilts, Lithuanian tiltas). Cognates include Finnish silta, Ingrian silta, silda, Livonian sīlda, Livvi sildu, Ludian šild, Veps süud, sild, Võro sild, Votic siltõ and Northern Sami šaldi (the latter is derived from Proto-Finnic).

(gymnastics, dance, wrestling) bridge position, backbend


jota

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish jota, from older xota, from Mozarabic *šáwta (“jump”), from Latin saltō (“to dance”). Doublet of salta.


tights

→ Japanese: タイツ (taitsu)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-tights.wav

(dance) A similar, non-sheer garment worn by dancers of either sex, especially by ballet dancers.


Argentine

From Old French argentin (“silvery”), from Latin argentum (“silver”).


Ball

(most dialects, dance) ball (social gathering for dancing), prom (US)


Ball

de-noun

Ball m (strong, genitive Balles or Balls, plural Bälle)

Balles (genitive)
Balls (genitive)
Bälle (plural)
Ball (nominative singular)
Bälle (definite nominative plural)
Balles (genitive singular)
Balls (genitive singular)
Bälle (definite genitive plural)
Ball (dative singular)
Balle (dative singular)
Bällen (dative definite plural)
Ball (accusative singular)
Bälle (accusative definite plural)

→ Slovincian: bal

(dance) ball (social gathering for dancing), prom (US)


Ball

head

Ball m (plural Bäll, diminutive Bälltje)

Bäll (plural)
Bälltje (diminutive)
bal (alternative dialectal)


Twist

de-noun

Twist m (strong, genitive Twists, plural Twists)

Twists (genitive)
Twists (plural)
Twist (nominative singular)
Twists (definite nominative plural)
Twists (genitive singular)
Twists (definite genitive plural)
Twist (dative singular)
Twists (dative definite plural)
Twist (accusative singular)
Twists (accusative definite plural)


java

On vous corne dans les oreilles / Que les javas sont toutes pareilles / Et ben ceux qui disent ça / C'est qu'ils connaissent pas / Cézigue et sa java. Hop !

1936, “La java de Cézigue”, performed by Edith Piaf:

(dance) a popular dance developed in 1920s Paris


contra

Folk histories record that contras were gradually displaced by the introduction of the quadrille and the new couple dances.

2001, Ellen Koskoff, editor, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: North America, Garland Publishing, page 232:

(obsolete, US, New England, dance) A country dance.


buddha

en-noun

buddha (countable and uncountable, plural buddhas)

I know how it feel to wake up fucked up
Pockets broke as hell, another rock to sell
People look at you like you's the user
Sellin' drugs to all the losers, mad buddha abuser

1994, The Notorious B.I.G., “Everyday Struggle”, in Ready to Die:

It ain't hard to tell, I excel, then prevail
The mic is contacted, I attract clientele
My mic check is life or death, breathin' a sniper's breath
I exhale the yellow smoke of buddha through righteous steps

1994, Nas, “It Ain't Hard to Tell”, in Illmatic:


бал

bg-noun

бал • (bal) m (relational adjective ба́лен)

bal (romanization)
ба́лен (adjective relational)
бал (indefinite singular)
ба́лове (indefinite plural)
ба́лът (definite singular subjective)
ба́ловете (definite plural subjective)
ба́ла (definite objective singular)
ба́ловете (definite objective plural)
ба́ла (count-form plural)

Borrowed from French bal or German Ball; ultimately from Ancient Greek βαλλίζω (ballízō, “to dance”).

der

абсолве́нтски бал