free

en-adj

free (comparative freer or more free, superlative freest or most free)

freer (comparative)
more free (comparative)
freest (superlative)
most free (superlative)

From Middle English free, fre, freo, from Old English frēo (“free”), from Proto-West Germanic *frī, from Proto-Germanic *frijaz (“beloved, not in bondage”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“pleased, loved”), from *preyH- (“to please, love”). Related to friend.
cognates, etc
Germanic cognates include West Frisian frij (“free”), Dutch vrij (“free”), Low German free (“free”), German frei (“free”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian fri (“free”).
Other cognates include Sanskrit प्रिय (priyá-, “beloved”).
Germanic and Celtic are the only Indo-European language branches in which the PIE word with the meaning of "dear, beloved" acquired the additional meaning of "free" in the sense of "not in bondage". This was an extension of the idea of "characteristic of those who are dear and beloved", in other words friends and tribe members (in contrast to unfree inhabitants from other tribes and prisoners of war, many of which were among the slaves – compare the Latin use of liberi to mean both "free persons" and "children of a family").

inh

there ain't no such thing as a free lunch

why buy the cow when you can get the milk for free

In this group of mushrooms, the gills are free.

Furthermore, the free anterior margin of the lobule is arched toward the lobe and is often involute[…]

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 7:

en:unconstrained, physically or mechanically

(physical) Unconstrained.
(botany, mycology) Not attached; loose.


abject

en-verb

abject (third-person singular simple present abjects, present participle abjecting, simple past and past participle abjected)

abjects (present singular third-person)
abjecting (participle present)
abjected (participle past)
abjected (past)

From Late Middle English abjecten (“to cast out, expel”) [and other forms], from abiect, abject (adjective) (see etymology 1).
Sense 3 (“of a fungus: to give off (spores or sporidia)”) is modelled after German abschleudern (“to give off forcefully”).

noncog

(mycology) Of a fungus: to (forcibly) give off (spores or sporidia).


abjection

en-noun

abjection (countable and uncountable, plural abjections)

/æbˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃn̩/

From Middle English abjeccioun, from either Middle French abjection or Late Latin abiectiōn-, from Latin abiectus (“cast down”).
* See abject.

(biology, mycology) The act of dispersing or casting off spores.


race

race (countable and uncountable, plural races)

1560s, via Middle French race from Italian razza (early 14th century), of uncertain origin. Partially displaced native Middle English kinde (“kind, type, sort, race, nature”), whence English kind.
theories
* Diez and some other scholars suggest derivation from Proto-Germanic *raitō (whence Old High German reiza (“line”) and Old Norse ríta (“to score, log, outline”)), perhaps via Lombardic *raiza (“line”), which Körting notes is a literal rendering of Latin linea sanguinis (“bloodline of descent”). Anatoly Liberman says "the semantic fit is good" but the chronology falters; he says the Germanic word went out of use before the Italian word arose, and he says the intermediary is not attested.
* Some scholars suggest derivation from Old Spanish raza, rasa, from earlier ras, res (“head of cattle”), from Arabic رَأْس (raʔs, “head”), but Italian razza predates the Spanish word according to Diez and Meyer-Lübke.
* Meyer-Lübke suggested Latin generatio as the root; Körting says "the disappearance of two initial syllables hardly seems credible", but Meyer-Lübke notes the Venetian form narazza and the Old Bellunesian form naraccia, positing that after the first syllable ge- was lost, the remaining (una) narazza came to be reanalysed as una razza.
* Gianfranco Contini suggests the Italian word comes from Old French haraz (“troop of horses”), whence Modern French haras (“breeding farm for horses; stud farm”), from Old Norse hárr (“grey-haired; hoary”). Liberman considers this derivation the most likely.
* Other suggested Latin etyma:
** radius (perhaps via Vulgar Latin *radia) (per Baist).
** radix (“root”) (per Ulrich); Liberman says "the semantic match is excellent", and race (“rhizome of ginger”) (which definitely derives from radix) shows that the phonology is plausible.
** *raptiare (“breed falcons”) (per Körting).
** The nominative of ratio (perhaps via an unattested intermediate form *razzo), as opposed to ragione which derives from the accusative rationem.
* Other implausible suggestions include Slavic raz and Basque arraca, supposedly meaning "stud animal" (Basque arrazza, "race", derives from Spanish).

raça

a group of sentient beings distinguished by common characteristics

عِرْق

a large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of physical characteristics

raça

a group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics

Now Mary MacDonald of the Plant Breeding Institute at Maris Lane, Cambridge, has made an interesting study which has duplicated the conditions under which new races arise. And she has produced at least one new fungal race.

1977 March 24, “Why is cereal fungus so resistant?”, in New Scientist, volume 73, number 1044, page 697:

The type of microorganisms is a very important factor influencing the quality of cider. Yeast of various producers and races result in different taste and flavor.

2018 December, Anna Kolobaeva, Olga Kotik, “Technological Approaches to Cider Quality”, in Advances in Engineering Research, volume 151, Atlantis Press, →DOI:

A group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species:

(mycology, bacteriology) A strain of microorganism, fungi, etc.


context

en-noun

context (countable and uncountable, plural contexts)

(mycology) The trama or flesh of a mushroom.


division

division (countable and uncountable, plural divisions)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English divisioun, from Old French division, from Latin dīvīsiō, dīvīsiōnem, noun of process form from perfect passive participle dīvīsus (“divided”), from dīvidō (“divide”). Doublet of divisio.

remainder left over if divisor does not divide dividend

Magnolias belong to the division Magnoliophyta.

(botany, mycology) A rank below kingdom and above class, particularly used of plants or fungi, also (particularly of animals) called a phylum; a taxon at that rank.

отдел

biology: taxonomic classification of plants


fungus

fungus (countable and uncountable, plural fungi or (nonstandard, rare) funguses or (nonstandard, rare) fungusses)

fungi (plural)
funguses (nonstandard plural rare)
fungusses (nonstandard plural rare)

→ Irish: fungas

Borrowed from Latin fungus (“mushroom”).

Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.

2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

(mycology) Any member of the kingdom Fungi; a eukaryotic organism typically having chitin cell walls but no chlorophyll or plastids. Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular.


fungus

(mycology) fungus, member of the kingdom Fungi


pileus

Borrowed from Latin pīleus, a form of pilleus (“a felt cap”).

Meronym: hymenium

The stem is easily separable from the pileus at its junction, in this respect being similar to Amanita, Amanitopsis, Lepiota and others.

1903, George Francis Atkinson, chapter VII, in Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc., 2nd edition, New York: Henry Holt:

One must check the size and shape of the pileus as well as its color. Many weird and unexpected shapes are found in the mushroom kingdom.

1994, Barry H. Rumack, David G. Spoerke, Handbook of Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 75:


septum

septa (plural)
septums (plural)
saeptum (alternative obsolete)
sæptum (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Latin sēptum (“enclosure, wall, fence”).

väliseinä

(zoology) transverse partition dividing the shell chambers of a mollusc or rhizopod

(biology) A wall separating two cavities; a partition.

(mycology) A partition that separates the cells of a (septated) fungus.

väliseinä

(mycology) partition separating the cells of a fungus


por

por (nominative singular)
pory (nominative plural)
pora (genitive singular)
poru (genitive singular)
porów (genitive plural)
porowi (dative singular)
porom (dative plural)
por (accusative singular)
pory (accusative plural)
porem (instrumental singular)
porami (instrumental plural)
porze (locative singular)
porach (locative plural)
porze (singular vocative)
pory (plural vocative)


cappella

→ Albanian: kapelë

→ Aromanian: capelã

→ Romanian: capelă

→? Romansch: capiala


eccentric

en-adj

eccentric (comparative more eccentric, superlative most eccentric)

more eccentric (comparative)
most eccentric (superlative)
eccentrick (alternative)
excentric (alternative)
excentrick (alternative)

concentric

antonym(s) of “against the contraction of a muscle”

→ Japanese: エキセントリック (ekisentorikku)

From Middle French excentrique, from Medieval Latin eccentricus, from Ancient Greek ἔκκεντρος (ékkentros, “not having the earth as the center of an orbit”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) + κέντρον (kéntron, “point”). Equivalent to ex- + -centric.

der

Oospores may be centric, subcentric, subeccentric or eccentric. Antheridial branches may or may not be present, and are androgynous, monoclinous, diclinous or hypogynous.

2014, Nicky B. Buller, Bacteria and Fungi From Fish and Other Aquatic Animals: A Practical Identification Manual, 2nd edition, Boston, M.A.: CABI, →ISBN, page 687:

(mycology) Having or being an oospore with a single large oil globule on one side that displaces much of the ooplasm and forces the ooplasts to one side.


acuminate

en-adj

acuminate (comparative more acuminate, superlative most acuminate)

more acuminate (comparative)
most acuminate (superlative)
accuminate (alternative)

From Late Latin acuminatus, past participle of acuminare (“to sharpen to a point”).

(botany, mycology) Tapering to a long point in concave manner at its apex.

pitkäsuippuinen

botany, mycology: tapering to a long point in concave manner


velar

Borrowed from Latin vēlāris, from vēlum (“sail; veil, awning”).

(mycology) Referring to a veil or velum.


patella

From Latin patella (“a small pan or dish, a plate; the kneepan, patella”), diminutive of patina (“a broad shallow dish, pan”). Doublet of paella.

uder

(mycology) An orbicular sessile apothecium, with a marginal rim distinct from the thallus.


umbo

en-noun

umbo (plural umbones or umbos or umboes)

umbones (plural)
umbos (plural)
umboes (plural)

Borrowed from Latin umbō (“a shield boss”).

(biology) A boss, or rounded elevation, or a corresponding depression, in a palate, disk, or membrane.

(mycology) A bump or protrusion on the cap of a mushroom or toadstool.


brisa

Porcino, brisa (Boletus edulis)
 Per molti, è "il fungo" per eccellenza e insieme agli ovuli e ai finferli è tra le poche specie generalmente commercializzate.

2013 March 11, Lorenza Russo, Camminare nei boschi: Il bosco italiano: folclore, natura, tradizioni e itinerari, HOEPLI EDITORE, →ISBN:

Boletus edulis
Boletus edulis#Translingual

(mycology) penny bun, porcino or cep (Boletus edulis)


spine

From late Middle English spyne, from Old French espine (French épine) or its source, Latin spīna (“a thorn; a prickle, spine; the backbone”). Doublet of spina.

der

The male, as Dr. Gunther informs me, has a cluster of stiff, straight spines, like those of a comb, on the sides of the tail.

1871, Charles Darwin, “chapter 12”, in Descent of Man, page 331:

(zootomy, botany, mycology) A pointed, fairly rigid protuberance or needlelike structure on an animal, shell, mushroom or plant.

espina

rigid, pointed surface protuberance or needle-like structure


troop

Attested in English since 1545, from French troupe (back-formation of troupeau, diminutive of Medieval Latin troppus "flock") and Middle French trouppe (from Old French trope (“band, company, troop”)), both of Germanic origin from Frankish *þorp (“assembly, gathering”), from Proto-Germanic *þurpą (“village, land, estate”), from Proto-Indo-European *treb- (“dwelling, settlement”).
Doublet of troupe, and possibly also of thorp, dorp, and trip. Cognate with German Dorf (“village”).

(mycology) A group of mushrooms that are close but not close enough to be called a cluster.


veil

→ Japanese: ベール (bēru)

→ Korean: 베일 (beil)

From Middle English veil, veyl, from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French veil (“sail, veil, shroud”) (Francien Old French voil, French voile), Latin vēlum (“cloth, covering”). Displaced Middle English scleire, scleyre, sleyre, slyre (“veil”) (compare German Schleier). Doublet of velum and voile.

(mycology) A thin layer of tissue which is attached to or covers a mushroom.

The genus Amanita has both a volva and a veil; the spores are white, and the stem is easily separable from the cap.

1903, George Francis Atkinson, chapter VI, in Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc., 2nd edition, New York: Henry Holt:

(mycology) A membrane connecting the margin of the pileus of a mushroom with the stalk; a velum.


amyloid

en-adj

amyloid (comparative more amyloid, superlative most amyloid)

more amyloid (comparative)
most amyloid (superlative)

Melzer's reagent
Melzer's reagent#English

(mycology) Applied to a mushroom that turns blue-black upon application of Melzer's reagent.


fairy ring

The idea of a ring where fairies danced was a traditional explanation for the fungal phenomenon before it was understood.

This curious phenomenon has been differently accounted for. The following is Mr. Nicholson's description and explanation: "the appearance in the grass, says he, commonly called Fairy Rings, is well known. It consists either of a ring of grass of more luxuriant vegetation than the rest, or a kind of circular path in which the vegetation is more defective than elsewhere. It appears to be pretty well ascertained that the latter state precedes the former. […]

1821, Edward Polehampton, chapter VIII, in The Gallery of Nature and Art: Or, A Tour Through Creation and Science, volume 5, page 316:

The best known Fungus occupant of fairy rings is the Fairy Ring Agaric or Champignon, Marasmius oreades, termed in the older botanical textbooks Agaricus oreades.

1884, The Journal of Horticulture, Cottage Gardener, and Home Farmer, Volume 7, 3rd Series, July—December, 1883, page 213:

So writing it down and reading it later, I realized somehow my subconscious was giving me a warning of things to come. In the dream I woke up at the height of the full moon in my garden. I didn't realize that in my drunken stupor I had fallen asleep amidst a fairy ring. A fairy ring is a bunch of mushrooms growing in a circle. I often see them growing on lawns. Legend has it that if one gets caught in this circle on a full moon, the fairies will take him or her captive and do as they please.

2012, Juliana Regina Delion, Heart Attack!: Shadows on the Eve of Tomorrow, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, page 18:

(mycology, botany) A ring of fungi marking the periphery of the perennial underground growth of the mycelium.

ве́дьмин круг m (védʹmin krug, literally “witch's ring”)


pedicel

From Late Latin pedīcellus, diminutive of pedīculus (“foot-stalk or pedicle of a fruit or leaf”), diminutive of pēs (“foot”).

(mycology) A stalk of a fungus fruiting body.


adnate

adnate (comparative more adnate, superlative most adnate)

more adnate (comparative)
most adnate (superlative)

From Latin adnatus, past participle of variant form of agnascor (“born or growing at or upon”).

Adnate mushroom gills are broadly attached to the stalk slightly above the bottom of the gill, with most of the gill fused to the stem.

An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the filament.

The ovary is more adnate to the calyx than in any other species of the genus.

1889, John Gilbert Baker, Handbook of the Bromeliaceae, page 116:

Morphologically and chemically X. isidiigera is also similar to X. australasica, but the isidia are typically thinner and more coralloid branched and the thallus more adnate in the latter species.

1995, Thomas H. Nash, Corinna Gries, J. A. Elix, A Revision of the Lichen Genus Xanthoparmelia in South America, page 61:

Morphologically, Hypotrachyna kriegeri closely resembles more adnate morphotypes of H. imbricatula.

2009, Flora Neotropica, number 104, page 88:

(botany, mycology) Linked or fused to a structure of a type different from itself; for example, attachment of a stamen to a petal is adnate, while attachment of a stamen to another stamen is connate.


scrotum

labioscrotal swelling - embryological precursor

(mycology) The pouch or volva of certain fungi.


lanceolate

lanceolate (comparative more lanceolate, superlative most lanceolate)

more lanceolate (comparative)
most lanceolate (superlative)
lanceolated (alternative)

(botany, mycology) Having the general shape of a lance; much longer than wide, with the widest part lower than the middle and a pointed apex.

копиевиден

botany, mycology: longer than wide, pointed apex


gill

From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based on Old Danish fiskegæln (“gills”)). The Old Norse word has been suggested as deriving from Proto-Germanic *gelunō (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, which would make it root-cognate to Ancient Greek χελύνη (khelúnē, “lip, jaw”), χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).
Displaced native Old English ċīe.

cog

(mycology) One of the radial folds on the underside of the cap of a mushroom, the surface of which bears the spore-producing organs.


virgate

(mycology) Finely striped, often with dark fibers.


penicillin

en-noun

penicillin (countable and uncountable, plural penicillins)

From translingual Penicillium + -in. Coined by Alexander Fleming after Penicillium notatum (now Penicillium chrysogenum), a fungus from which penicillin is obtained.

(mycology) A blue mold of the genus Penicillium that produces penicillin.


cartilaginous

en-adj

cartilaginous (comparative more cartilaginous, superlative most cartilaginous)

more cartilaginous (comparative)
most cartilaginous (superlative)
cartilagenous (alternative)
cartilagineous (alternative)
cartiliginous (alternative)

Borrowed from Latin cartilāginōsus (“full of cartilage, very gristly”), from cartilāgō (“cartilage, gristle”) + -ōsus (“-ous, -ose”); compare French cartilagineux. Equivalent to cartilage + -ous, with modifications made to its morphology.

af

(mycology) Having a tough or fibrous texture, usually in reference to a mushroom stipe.

rustoinen

mycology: having tough or fibrous texture


abstrict

en-verb

abstrict (third-person singular simple present abstricts, present participle abstricting, simple past and past participle abstricted)

abstricts (present singular third-person)
abstricting (participle present)
abstricted (participle past)
abstricted (past)

From Latin ab (“by”) + stringō (“to draw tight”)

(transitive, biology, mycology) To cut off, as in abstriction; abjoint


gleba

Borrowed from Latin glēba (“lump, mass”). Doublet of glebe.

bor+

(mycology) The fleshy, spore-bearing inner mass of certain fungi.


gleba

gleba (nominative singular)
gleby (nominative plural)
gleby (genitive singular)
gleb (genitive plural)
glebie (dative singular)
glebom (dative plural)
glebę (accusative singular)
gleby (accusative plural)
glebą (instrumental singular)
glebami (instrumental plural)
glebie (locative singular)
glebach (locative plural)
glebo (singular vocative)
gleby (plural vocative)


attached

en-adj

attached (comparative more attached, superlative most attached)

more attached (comparative)
most attached (superlative)

In this group of mushrooms, the attachment of the gills to the stipe ranges from attached to almost decurrent.

(botany, mycology) Broadly joined to a stem or stipe, but not decurrent.

kiintynyt

broadly joined to a stem or stipe, but not decurrent


marcescent

From Latin marcescens, present participle of marcescere.

(mycology) Able to revive when moistened.


lamella

From Latin lāmella (“small, thin plate of metal”), from lāmina (“thin plate”) + -lus (diminutive suffix).

suf

A thin, plate-like structure.
(mycology) The gill of a mushroom.

A thin, plate-like structure.
The gill of a mushroom.


bonnet

→ Scottish Gaelic: bonaid

From Middle English bonet, from Middle French bonet (Modern French bonnet), from Old French bonet (“material from which hats are made”), from Frankish *bunni (“that which is bound”), from Proto-Germanic *bundiją (“bundle”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie”).
Compare also Late Latin abbonis, obbonis (“ribbon of a headdress”), also of Germanic origin, from Frankish *obbunni, from *ob- (“above, over”) + *bunni.
Cognate with Old High German gibunt (“band, ribbon”), Middle Dutch bont (“bundle, truss”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹 (gabundi, “bond”). More at over, bundle.

der

Anything resembling a bonnet (hat) in shape or use.

(mycology) A mushroom of the genus Mycena.


annulus

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin ānnulus, a misspelling of Latin ānulus (“ring, especially one worn on a finger”), from ānus (“ring”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂no- (“ring”)) + -ulus (diminutive suffix).
The plural form annuli is a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin ānnulī.

lbor

(mycology) The membranous remnants of a partial veil which leaves a ring on the stem of a mushroom.


verruca

(mycology) A rounded projection or wart.


chanterelle

/ˈtʃæntəɹɛl/

Borrowed from French chanterelle, from New Latin cantharellus, diminutive of Latin cantharus (“drinking vessel”), from Ancient Greek κάνθαρος (kántharos). Probably of Pre-Greek origin, cognate with Akkadian 𒃶𒁺𒊒𒌑 (/kanduru/, “kind of vessel”), from Sumerian 𒄑𒃶𒉡𒌉 (/gannu-tur/, “small vessel; potstand”, literally “little vessel, container, holder”).

cog

Even the homely wood blewits, that you cook like tripe, with milk and onions, and the egg-yolk yellow chanterelle with its fan-vaulting and faint smell of apricots, all spring up overnight like bubbles of earth, unsustained by nature, existing in a void.

1979, Angela Carter, ‘The Erl-King’, The Bloody Chamber, Vintage, published 2006, page 98:

Cantharellus cibarius
Cantharellus cibarius#Translingual

(mycology) A widely distributed edible mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius, being yellow and trumpet-shaped; or any similar mushroom of the genera Cantharellus, Polyozellus or Gomphus, not all of which are edible.


chanterelle

→ English: chanterelle

→ Finnish: kantarelli

From the genus name, New Latin Cantharellus, from Latin cantharus (“drinking vessel”).


aecidium

aecidia (plural)
aecidiums (plural)
æcidium (alternative)
oecidium (alternative)

From New Latin aecidium, the diminutive form of Ancient Greek αἰκίᾱ (aikíā, “injury”).
However Merriam-Webster takes the origin from Ancient Greek οἰκίδιον (oikídion) and refers to the botanist John Hill, in his A General Natural History, or New and Accurate Descriptions of the Animals, Vegetables, and Minerals, of the Different Parts of the World, vol. II, A History of Plants (London: Printed for Thomas Osborne, 1751), p. 64: "We have called this genus, distinguished by its peculiar cells, Æcidium, from the Greek οικιδιον, cellula." Compare also many other fungal spore-related terms in -idium, most coined after this one.

(mycology) A member of the form genus Aecidium.


angel of death

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-angel of death.wav

مَلَك الْمَوْت

personification of death in fiction and in art

死神 (しにがみ, shinigami, literally “death kami, death spirit”)

destroying angel
destroying angel#English

(mycology) Synonym of destroying angel (“a type of mushroom”)


sclerotic

en-adj

sclerotic (comparative more sclerotic, superlative most sclerotic)

more sclerotic (comparative)
most sclerotic (superlative)

(mycology) Of or relating to sclerotium.


cortina

Borrowed from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”). Doublet of curtain.

bor+

/Telamonia morphologically circumscribes a homogenous group of Cortinarii. Hygrophanous pilei, the lack of viscid or gelatinous veils and well-developed cortinas characterize most species.

2004, Ursula Peintner, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Rytas Vilgalys, “Toward a better understanding of the infrageneric relationships in Cortinarius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)”, in Mycologia, volume 96, number 5, →DOI, page 1054:

(mycology) A cobweb-like annulus on certain types of mushroom.


anello

From Latin ānellus, diminutive of ānus (“circle”). Compare Catalan anell, French anneau, Portuguese anel, Spanish anillo.


esculent

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-esculent.wav

Learned borrowing from Latin ēsculentus (“fit for eating, eatable, edible; good to eat, delicious; nourishing; full of food”) + English -ent (suffix forming adjectives with the sense of causing, doing, or promoting a certain action). Ēsculentus is derived from ēsca (“food; dish prepared for the table; bait”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”)) + -ulentus (suffix meaning ‘abounding in, full of’ forming adjectives).

lbor

In a raw state, a piece the size of a pea of either of the three fungi above-mentioned, if placed on the tongue, would cause intolerable agony. Possibly if well cooked some of the poisonous principles might vanish, but we question whether such species should be mentioned amongst esculents in a popular book, simply because a wild "Russian" could eat some of the plants mentioned, possibly to the accompaniment of a draught of rancid train-oil. Some of the so-called esculents are tough subjects, as Polysporus squamosus and P. fomentarius; we venture to say that if anyone should succeed in getting a slice of the first into his inside it would be a matter of surprise to his friends if he ever got a slice of anything else in.

1887 January, W. G. S., “Text-book of British Fungi. By W. De Lisle Hay [i.e., William Delisle Hay], F.R.G.S. Swan Sonnenschein, Lowrey & Co. [book review]”, in James Britten, editor, The Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume XXV, London: West, Newman & Co., […], →OCLC, page 121:

[Morchella] esculentoides [is] similar to Morchella esculenta, a European esculent, whose name, appropriately, means "edible".

2015, Vera Stucky Evenson, Denver Botanic Gardens, Mushrooms of the Rocky Mountain Region: Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming, Portland, Or.: Timber Press, →ISBN:

(mycology, specifically) An edible mushroom.


fruiting body

(mycology) The structure on a fungus which houses the spore-producing organs.


appressorium

From New Latin. By surface analysis, appress + -orium.

(mycology) A bulbous formation produced by parasitic fungi that is well attached to the cuticle of the host and from where a peg-shaped hypha is formed that penetrates the cuticle.

apressori

a bulbous formation produced by parasitic fungi


aecium

aecia (plural)
aeciums (plural)
æcium (alternative)

From New Latin aecium, from Ancient Greek αἰκίᾱ (aikíā, “injury, insult”). However Merriam-Webster relates that aecium is a back-formation from aecidium and is not related to the Greek αἰκίᾱ (aikíā). The word aecium was "introduced as a substitute for aecidium by the Purdue University plant pathologist J. C. Arthur (1850–1942) in an effort to reform terminology for rust fungi; see Terminology of the Spore-Structures in the Uredinales, Botanical Gazette, vol. 39 (Mar., 1905), pp. 219-22."

der

1932 August, Ralph Ulysses Cotter, Factors Affecting the Development of the Aecial Stage of Puccinia Graminis, US Dept of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. 314, page 29,
The writer therefore made observations to determine the conditions under which the aecia open and discharge spores most readily.

The receptive hyphae with binucleate cells eventually form the basal cells of the aecium.[…]Many cup-like structures, called aecia, appear on the lower surface of leaf.

2010, N. K. Soni, Vandana Soni, Fundamentals of Botany, volume 1, page 127:

It is a heteroecious rust and its aecia are produced on species of Oxalis, namely O. stricta, according to Arthur (1929).

2010, M. S. Patil, Anjali Patil, “16: The Rust Fungi: Systematics, Diseases and Their Management”, in Arun Arya, Analía Edith Perelló, editors, Management of Fungal Plant Pathogens, page 209:

(mycology) A cuplike fruiting structure of some parasitic rust fungi that contains chains of aeciospores.


basidium

A Latinized form of Ancient Greek βάσις (básis, “base”) + -idium.

The walls of these scleroid basidia often reach 1 μm or more in thickness and the walls stain deeply with congo red.

1981, Timothy J. Baroni, A Revision of the Genus Rhodocybe Maire (Agaricales), page 24:

(mycology) A small structure, shaped like a club, found in the Basidiomycota division of fungi, that bears four spores at the tips of small projections. [from 19th c.]


anamorphic

/ˌænəˈmɔːfɪk/

/ˌænəˈmɔɹfɪk/

(mycology) Of or relating to the anamorph, an asexual stage in the development of certain fungi.

anamòrfic

relating to the gradual lifecycles of certain organisms


velum

Borrowed from Latin vēlum (“a cloth, covering, awning, curtain, veil”). Doublet of veil.

bor

A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.

(mycology) A veil-like membrane of immature mushrooms extending from the margin of the cap to the stem and is torn by growth, to reveal the gills.


sinuate

en-adj

sinuate (comparative more sinuate, superlative most sinuate)

more sinuate (comparative)
most sinuate (superlative)

From Latin sinuatus, past participle of sinuare (“to wind, bend”), from sinus (“a bend”). See also sine, from Latin sinus.

In this group of mushrooms, the attachment of the gills to the stipe is sinuate.

(mycology, of gills) Roughly the same height for most of its length, becoming much shallower and then curving back towards the stem before reaching the attachment point.

festoneado

roughly the same height for most of its length


macrocyclic

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-macrocyclic.wav

Almost all the rusts occurring on the ferns are both heteroecious and macrocyclic; so also are most of those occurring on the conifers.

1965, C. G. Ainsworth, Frederick K[roeber] Sparrow, Alfred S. Sussman, editors, The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise, volume IVB (A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidomycetes and Lower Fungi), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 259:

(mycology) Pertaining to a rust fungus whose life cycle includes all five spore stages: pycniospore (spermatium), aeciospore, urediniospore, teliospore, and basidiospore.


deliquescent

deliquescent (comparative more deliquescent, superlative most deliquescent)

more deliquescent (comparative)
most deliquescent (superlative)

Latin deliquescens, present participle of deliquesco; de + liquesco (“I melt”): compare French déliquescent.

The spores, so soon as they are ripe, either drop out of the sporiferous membrane (hymenium), or, as more frequently happens, are projected from it with an elastic jerk, or else, as is the case of Agarics of a deliquescent kind, return to the earth mixed up with the black liquid into which these ultimately resolve themselves.

1847, Charles David Badham, A Treatise on the Esculent Funguses of England, London: Reeve Brothers, page 51:

(mycology, of the fruiting body of a fungus) Becoming liquid as a phase of its life cycle.


ascus

From New Latin ascus, from Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós, “a sac”). Doublet of askos.

The one important character which distinguishes the Ascomycetes from all other fungi is the ascus (plural, asci). This is a sac-like structure in which ascospores are formed following karyogamy and meiosis.

1967, Constantine. J. Alexopoulos, Harold C. Bold, Algae and Fungi, page 101:

(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.

itiökotelo

a sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi


pellis

la-noun

pellis f (genitive pellis); third declension

pellis (genitive)
pellis (nominative singular)
pellēs (nominative plural)
pellis (genitive singular)
pellium (genitive plural)
pellī (dative singular)
pellibus (dative plural)
pellem (accusative singular)
pellēs (accusative plural)
pellīs (accusative plural)
pelle (ablative singular)
pellibus (ablative plural)
pellis (singular vocative)
pellēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cheali

Romanian: piele

Dalmatian:

pial

Italo-Romance:

Italian: pelle

Sicilian: peddi

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: pedde, peddi (Campidanese)

North Italian:

Friulian: piel

Romagnol: pël

Romansch: pel

Venetan: pełe

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: pél

desctree

Old French: pel
Angevin: piau
Bourguignon: peâ
Champenois: pé, piau
Franc-Comtois: pée
Middle French: peau
French: peau
Norman: pé
Poitevin-Saintongeais: pea
Picard: pieu, piau
Walloon: pea

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: pell

Occitan: pèl

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: piel

Mirandese: piel

Old Galician-Portuguese: pele

Galician: pel

Portuguese: pele

Spanish: piel

Borrowings:

→ English: pell

→ Old Irish: pell

Irish: peall

Scottish Gaelic: peall

→ Old Norse: pilz

Icelandic: pils

Norwegian Bokmål: pels

Norwegian Nynorsk: pels

From Proto-Italic *pelnis, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-ni-s (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”), from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμᾰ (pélmă, “sole of the foot”), Old English fell (“fell, skin, hide; garment of skin”).

cog

(mycology) a thin peelable film covering the outside of a sporocarp


cen

cennau (plural)
cen
gen (soft)
nghen
chen

From Proto-Celtic *kennos (“skin”) (compare Cornish kenn (“film, skin (on liquid); peel”), Breton kenn (“scurf, dandruff”), Old Irish cenn (“covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”) (compare German schinden (“to strip, peel; skin”)); further to Cornish skans (“fish scales”), Breton skant (“fish scales”), Irish scain (“to tear, burst”).


broche

Kuehneromyces mutabilis
Kuehneromyces mutabilis#Translingual

(mycology) sheathed woodtuft (Kuehneromyces mutabilis (synonym: Pholiota mutabilis))


byssus

en-noun

byssus (usually uncountable, plural byssi or byssuses)

From New Latin byssus (“sea silk”), from Latin byssus (“fine cotton or cotton stuff, silk”), from Ancient Greek βύσσος (bússos, “a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it”), from Hebrew בּוּץ (búts), Aramaic בּוּצָא (būṣā).

der

Aramaic בּוּצָא (būṣā)

(mycology) The stipe or stem of some fungi which are particularly thin and thread-like.


anillo

Inherited from Old Spanish aniello, from Latin ānellus (“little ring”), from ānulus, diminutive of ānus (“ring”). Compare Catalan anell, French anneau, Italian anello, Portuguese anel.

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines


sini

Borrowed from a Finnic language, from Proto-Finnic *seeni (“fungus, mushroom”). Latvian sẽne is similarly borrowed.

grzyby — ſini


nitrous

From Middle French nitreux, and its source, Latin nitrōsus (“nitrose”). Doublet of nitroso. By surface analysis, nitro- + -ous.

(mycology, biology) Having a sharp odor like ammonia or nitric acid.


pinhead

pinheads (plural)
pin-head (alternative)
pin head (alternative)

(mycology) The immature juvenile fruiting body of a mushroom prior to its gills opening.


asca

Borrowed from New Latin ascus, from Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós, “bag, sack”).


champignon

Unadapted borrowing from French champignon.

ubor

Agaricus bisporus
Agaricus bisporus#Translingual

(mycology) champignon, button mushroom, crimini (Agaricus bisporus)


Schnalle

de-noun

Schnalle f (genitive Schnalle, plural Schnallen)

Schnalle (genitive)
Schnallen (plural)
Schnalle (nominative singular)
Schnallen (definite nominative plural)
Schnalle (genitive singular)
Schnallen (definite genitive plural)
Schnalle (dative singular)
Schnallen (dative definite plural)
Schnalle (accusative singular)
Schnallen (accusative definite plural)

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)

From Middle High German snalle (“buckle”), an ablauting formation to schnell (“fast, quick”).


tibiiform

(mycology) Of a cystidium: almost ventricose and having a long narrow neck with an apex that is swollen into a knob, like a tibia bone.


kantarelli

kantarelli (nominative singular)
kantarellit (nominative plural)
kantarelli (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellit (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellin (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellit (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellin (genitive singular)
kantarellien (genitive plural)
kantarellia (partitive singular)
kantarelleja (partitive plural)
kantarellissa (inessive singular)
kantarelleissa (inessive plural)
kantarellista (elative singular)
kantarelleista (elative plural)
kantarelliin (illative singular)
kantarelleihin (illative plural)
kantarellilla (adessive singular)
kantarelleilla (adessive plural)
kantarellilta (ablative singular)
kantarelleilta (ablative plural)
kantarellille (allative singular)
kantarelleille (allative plural)
kantarellina (essive singular)
kantarelleina (essive plural)
kantarelliksi (singular translative)
kantarelleiksi (plural translative)
kantarellitta (abessive singular)
kantarelleitta (abessive plural)
kantarellein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kantarellini (nominative singular)
kantarellini (nominative plural)
kantarellini (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellini (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellini (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellini (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellini (genitive singular)
kantarellieni (genitive plural)
kantarelliani (partitive singular)
kantarellejani (partitive plural)
kantarellissani (inessive singular)
kantarelleissani (inessive plural)
kantarellistani (elative singular)
kantarelleistani (elative plural)
kantarelliini (illative singular)
kantarelleihini (illative plural)
kantarellillani (adessive singular)
kantarelleillani (adessive plural)
kantarelliltani (ablative singular)
kantarelleiltani (ablative plural)
kantarellilleni (allative singular)
kantarelleilleni (allative plural)
kantarellinani (essive singular)
kantarelleinani (essive plural)
kantarellikseni (singular translative)
kantarelleikseni (plural translative)
kantarellittani (abessive singular)
kantarelleittani (abessive plural)
kantarelleineni (comitative plural)
kantarellisi (nominative singular)
kantarellisi (nominative plural)
kantarellisi (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellisi (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellisi (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellisi (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellisi (genitive singular)
kantarelliesi (genitive plural)
kantarelliasi (partitive singular)
kantarellejasi (partitive plural)
kantarellissasi (inessive singular)
kantarelleissasi (inessive plural)
kantarellistasi (elative singular)
kantarelleistasi (elative plural)
kantarelliisi (illative singular)
kantarelleihisi (illative plural)
kantarellillasi (adessive singular)
kantarelleillasi (adessive plural)
kantarelliltasi (ablative singular)
kantarelleiltasi (ablative plural)
kantarellillesi (allative singular)
kantarelleillesi (allative plural)
kantarellinasi (essive singular)
kantarelleinasi (essive plural)
kantarelliksesi (singular translative)
kantarelleiksesi (plural translative)
kantarellittasi (abessive singular)
kantarelleittasi (abessive plural)
kantarelleinesi (comitative plural)
kantarellimme (nominative singular)
kantarellimme (nominative plural)
kantarellimme (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellimme (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellimme (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellimme (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellimme (genitive singular)
kantarelliemme (genitive plural)
kantarelliamme (partitive singular)
kantarellejamme (partitive plural)
kantarellissamme (inessive singular)
kantarelleissamme (inessive plural)
kantarellistamme (elative singular)
kantarelleistamme (elative plural)
kantarelliimme (illative singular)
kantarelleihimme (illative plural)
kantarellillamme (adessive singular)
kantarelleillamme (adessive plural)
kantarelliltamme (ablative singular)
kantarelleiltamme (ablative plural)
kantarellillemme (allative singular)
kantarelleillemme (allative plural)
kantarellinamme (essive singular)
kantarelleinamme (essive plural)
kantarelliksemme (singular translative)
kantarelleiksemme (plural translative)
kantarellittamme (abessive singular)
kantarelleittamme (abessive plural)
kantarelleinemme (comitative plural)
kantarellinne (nominative singular)
kantarellinne (nominative plural)
kantarellinne (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellinne (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellinne (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellinne (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellinne (genitive singular)
kantarellienne (genitive plural)
kantarellianne (partitive singular)
kantarellejanne (partitive plural)
kantarellissanne (inessive singular)
kantarelleissanne (inessive plural)
kantarellistanne (elative singular)
kantarelleistanne (elative plural)
kantarelliinne (illative singular)
kantarelleihinne (illative plural)
kantarellillanne (adessive singular)
kantarelleillanne (adessive plural)
kantarelliltanne (ablative singular)
kantarelleiltanne (ablative plural)
kantarellillenne (allative singular)
kantarelleillenne (allative plural)
kantarellinanne (essive singular)
kantarelleinanne (essive plural)
kantarelliksenne (singular translative)
kantarelleiksenne (plural translative)
kantarellittanne (abessive singular)
kantarelleittanne (abessive plural)
kantarelleinenne (comitative plural)
kantarellinsa (nominative singular)
kantarellinsa (nominative plural)
kantarellinsa (accusative nominative singular)
kantarellinsa (accusative nominative plural)
kantarellinsa (accusative genitive singular)
kantarellinsa (accusative genitive plural)
kantarellinsa (genitive singular)
kantarelliensa (genitive plural)
kantarelliaan (partitive singular)
kantarelliansa (partitive singular)
kantarellejaan (partitive plural)
kantarellejansa (partitive plural)
kantarellissaan (inessive singular)
kantarellissansa (inessive singular)
kantarelleissaan (inessive plural)
kantarelleissansa (inessive plural)
kantarellistaan (elative singular)
kantarellistansa (elative singular)
kantarelleistaan (elative plural)
kantarelleistansa (elative plural)
kantarelliinsa (illative singular)
kantarelleihinsa (illative plural)
kantarellillaan (adessive singular)
kantarellillansa (adessive singular)
kantarelleillaan (adessive plural)
kantarelleillansa (adessive plural)
kantarelliltaan (ablative singular)
kantarelliltansa (ablative singular)
kantarelleiltaan (ablative plural)
kantarelleiltansa (ablative plural)
kantarellilleen (allative singular)
kantarellillensa (allative singular)
kantarelleilleen (allative plural)
kantarelleillensa (allative plural)
kantarellinaan (essive singular)
kantarellinansa (essive singular)
kantarelleinaan (essive plural)
kantarelleinansa (essive plural)
kantarellikseen (singular translative)
kantarelliksensa (singular translative)
kantarelleikseen (plural translative)
kantarelleiksensa (plural translative)
kantarellittaan (abessive singular)
kantarellittansa (abessive singular)
kantarelleittaan (abessive plural)
kantarelleittansa (abessive plural)
kantarelleineen (comitative plural)
kantarelleinensa (comitative plural)
kanttarelli (alternative colloquial)

[ˈkɑ̝n̪t̪(ː)ɑ̝ˌre̞lːi]

From Swedish kantarell, from French chanterelle, from New Latin cantharellus.

(mycology) chanterelle, or golden chanterelle, yellow chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius)


kärpässieni

kärpässieni (nominative singular)
kärpässienet (nominative plural)
kärpässieni (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässienet (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässienen (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässienet (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässienen (genitive singular)
kärpässienten (genitive plural)
kärpässienien (genitive plural)
kärpässientä (partitive singular)
kärpässieniä (partitive plural)
kärpässienessä (inessive singular)
kärpässienissä (inessive plural)
kärpässienestä (elative singular)
kärpässienistä (elative plural)
kärpässieneen (illative singular)
kärpässieniin (illative plural)
kärpässienellä (adessive singular)
kärpässienillä (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltä (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltä (ablative plural)
kärpässienelle (allative singular)
kärpässienille (allative plural)
kärpässienenä (essive singular)
kärpässieninä (essive plural)
kärpässieneksi (singular translative)
kärpässieniksi (plural translative)
kärpässienettä (abessive singular)
kärpässienittä (abessive plural)
kärpässienin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kärpässieneni (nominative singular)
kärpässieneni (nominative plural)
kärpässieneni (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässieneni (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässieneni (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässieneni (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässieneni (genitive singular)
kärpässienteni (genitive plural)
kärpässienieni (genitive plural)
kärpässientäni (partitive singular)
kärpässieniäni (partitive plural)
kärpässienessäni (inessive singular)
kärpässienissäni (inessive plural)
kärpässienestäni (elative singular)
kärpässienistäni (elative plural)
kärpässieneeni (illative singular)
kärpässieniini (illative plural)
kärpässienelläni (adessive singular)
kärpässienilläni (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltäni (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltäni (ablative plural)
kärpässienelleni (allative singular)
kärpässienilleni (allative plural)
kärpässienenäni (essive singular)
kärpässieninäni (essive plural)
kärpässienekseni (singular translative)
kärpässienikseni (plural translative)
kärpässienettäni (abessive singular)
kärpässienittäni (abessive plural)
kärpässienineni (comitative plural)
kärpässienesi (nominative singular)
kärpässienesi (nominative plural)
kärpässienesi (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässienesi (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässienesi (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässienesi (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässienesi (genitive singular)
kärpässientesi (genitive plural)
kärpässieniesi (genitive plural)
kärpässientäsi (partitive singular)
kärpässieniäsi (partitive plural)
kärpässienessäsi (inessive singular)
kärpässienissäsi (inessive plural)
kärpässienestäsi (elative singular)
kärpässienistäsi (elative plural)
kärpässieneesi (illative singular)
kärpässieniisi (illative plural)
kärpässienelläsi (adessive singular)
kärpässienilläsi (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltäsi (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltäsi (ablative plural)
kärpässienellesi (allative singular)
kärpässienillesi (allative plural)
kärpässienenäsi (essive singular)
kärpässieninäsi (essive plural)
kärpässieneksesi (singular translative)
kärpässieniksesi (plural translative)
kärpässienettäsi (abessive singular)
kärpässienittäsi (abessive plural)
kärpässieninesi (comitative plural)
kärpässienemme (nominative singular)
kärpässienemme (nominative plural)
kärpässienemme (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässienemme (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässienemme (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässienemme (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässienemme (genitive singular)
kärpässientemme (genitive plural)
kärpässieniemme (genitive plural)
kärpässientämme (partitive singular)
kärpässieniämme (partitive plural)
kärpässienessämme (inessive singular)
kärpässienissämme (inessive plural)
kärpässienestämme (elative singular)
kärpässienistämme (elative plural)
kärpässieneemme (illative singular)
kärpässieniimme (illative plural)
kärpässienellämme (adessive singular)
kärpässienillämme (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltämme (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltämme (ablative plural)
kärpässienellemme (allative singular)
kärpässienillemme (allative plural)
kärpässienenämme (essive singular)
kärpässieninämme (essive plural)
kärpässieneksemme (singular translative)
kärpässieniksemme (plural translative)
kärpässienettämme (abessive singular)
kärpässienittämme (abessive plural)
kärpässieninemme (comitative plural)
kärpässienenne (nominative singular)
kärpässienenne (nominative plural)
kärpässienenne (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässienenne (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässienenne (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässienenne (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässienenne (genitive singular)
kärpässientenne (genitive plural)
kärpässienienne (genitive plural)
kärpässientänne (partitive singular)
kärpässieniänne (partitive plural)
kärpässienessänne (inessive singular)
kärpässienissänne (inessive plural)
kärpässienestänne (elative singular)
kärpässienistänne (elative plural)
kärpässieneenne (illative singular)
kärpässieniinne (illative plural)
kärpässienellänne (adessive singular)
kärpässienillänne (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltänne (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltänne (ablative plural)
kärpässienellenne (allative singular)
kärpässienillenne (allative plural)
kärpässienenänne (essive singular)
kärpässieninänne (essive plural)
kärpässieneksenne (singular translative)
kärpässieniksenne (plural translative)
kärpässienettänne (abessive singular)
kärpässienittänne (abessive plural)
kärpässieninenne (comitative plural)
kärpässienensä (nominative singular)
kärpässienensä (nominative plural)
kärpässienensä (accusative nominative singular)
kärpässienensä (accusative nominative plural)
kärpässienensä (accusative genitive singular)
kärpässienensä (accusative genitive plural)
kärpässienensä (genitive singular)
kärpässientensä (genitive plural)
kärpässieniensä (genitive plural)
kärpässientään (partitive singular)
kärpässientänsä (partitive singular)
kärpässieniään (partitive plural)
kärpässieniänsä (partitive plural)
kärpässienessään (inessive singular)
kärpässienessänsä (inessive singular)
kärpässienissään (inessive plural)
kärpässienissänsä (inessive plural)
kärpässienestään (elative singular)
kärpässienestänsä (elative singular)
kärpässienistään (elative plural)
kärpässienistänsä (elative plural)
kärpässieneensä (illative singular)
kärpässieniinsä (illative plural)
kärpässienellään (adessive singular)
kärpässienellänsä (adessive singular)
kärpässienillään (adessive plural)
kärpässienillänsä (adessive plural)
kärpässieneltään (ablative singular)
kärpässieneltänsä (ablative singular)
kärpässieniltään (ablative plural)
kärpässieniltänsä (ablative plural)
kärpässienelleen (allative singular)
kärpässienellensä (allative singular)
kärpässienilleen (allative plural)
kärpässienillensä (allative plural)
kärpässienenään (essive singular)
kärpässienenänsä (essive singular)
kärpässieninään (essive plural)
kärpässieninänsä (essive plural)
kärpässienekseen (singular translative)
kärpässieneksensä (singular translative)
kärpässienikseen (plural translative)
kärpässieniksensä (plural translative)
kärpässienettään (abessive singular)
kärpässienettänsä (abessive singular)
kärpässienittään (abessive plural)
kärpässienittänsä (abessive plural)
kärpässienineen (comitative plural)
kärpässieninensä (comitative plural)

(mycology) amanita (any mushroom of the genus Amanita, most of which are poisonous)


suippumyrkkyseitikki

suippumyrkkyseitikki (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikit (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikki (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikit (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikin (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikit (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikin (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkien (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiä (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejä (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissä (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissä (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistä (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistä (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiin (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihin (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillä (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillä (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltä (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltä (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikille (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeille (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinä (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinä (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiksi (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiksi (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittä (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittä (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkini (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkieni (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiäni (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejäni (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissäni (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissäni (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistäni (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistäni (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiini (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihini (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikilläni (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeilläni (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltäni (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltäni (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikilleni (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeilleni (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinäni (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinäni (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikikseni (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeikseni (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittäni (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittäni (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeineni (comitative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkisi (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiesi (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiäsi (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejäsi (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissäsi (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissäsi (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistäsi (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistäsi (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiisi (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihisi (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikilläsi (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeilläsi (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltäsi (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltäsi (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillesi (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillesi (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinäsi (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinäsi (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiksesi (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiksesi (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittäsi (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittäsi (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinesi (comitative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkimme (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiemme (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiämme (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejämme (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissämme (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissämme (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistämme (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistämme (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiimme (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihimme (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillämme (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillämme (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltämme (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltämme (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillemme (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillemme (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinämme (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinämme (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiksemme (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiksemme (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittämme (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittämme (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinemme (comitative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinne (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkienne (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiänne (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejänne (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissänne (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissänne (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistänne (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistänne (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiinne (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihinne (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillänne (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillänne (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltänne (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltänne (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillenne (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillenne (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinänne (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinänne (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiksenne (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiksenne (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittänne (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittänne (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinenne (comitative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (accusative nominative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (accusative nominative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (accusative genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (accusative genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinsä (genitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiensä (genitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiään (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiänsä (partitive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejään (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkejänsä (partitive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikissään (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikissänsä (inessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissään (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeissänsä (inessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikistään (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikistänsä (elative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistään (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeistänsä (elative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkiinsä (illative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeihinsä (illative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikillään (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikillänsä (adessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillään (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillänsä (adessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltään (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikiltänsä (ablative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltään (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiltänsä (ablative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikilleen (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikillensä (allative singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeilleen (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeillensä (allative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinään (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkinänsä (essive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinään (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinänsä (essive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikikseen (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikiksensä (singular translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeikseen (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikeiksensä (plural translative)
suippumyrkkyseitikittään (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikittänsä (abessive singular)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittään (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikeittänsä (abessive plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeineen (comitative plural)
suippumyrkkyseitikkeinensä (comitative plural)

suippu- (“tapered”) + myrkky (“poison”) + seitikki (“webcap”)

compound

(mycology) deadly webcap, Cortinarius rubellus (species of webcap)


valmuska

valmuska (nominative singular)
valmuskat (nominative plural)
valmuska (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskat (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskan (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskat (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskan (genitive singular)
valmuskoiden (genitive plural)
valmuskoitten (genitive plural)
valmuskojen (genitive plural)
valmuskain (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaa (partitive singular)
valmuskoita (partitive plural)
valmuskoja (partitive plural)
valmuskassa (inessive singular)
valmuskoissa (inessive plural)
valmuskasta (elative singular)
valmuskoista (elative plural)
valmuskaan (illative singular)
valmuskoihin (illative plural)
valmuskalla (adessive singular)
valmuskoilla (adessive plural)
valmuskalta (ablative singular)
valmuskoilta (ablative plural)
valmuskalle (allative singular)
valmuskoille (allative plural)
valmuskana (essive singular)
valmuskoina (essive plural)
valmuskaksi (singular translative)
valmuskoiksi (plural translative)
valmuskatta (abessive singular)
valmuskoitta (abessive plural)
valmuskoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
valmuskani (nominative singular)
valmuskani (nominative plural)
valmuskani (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskani (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskani (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskani (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskani (genitive singular)
valmuskoideni (genitive plural)
valmuskoitteni (genitive plural)
valmuskojeni (genitive plural)
valmuskaini (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaani (partitive singular)
valmuskoitani (partitive plural)
valmuskojani (partitive plural)
valmuskassani (inessive singular)
valmuskoissani (inessive plural)
valmuskastani (elative singular)
valmuskoistani (elative plural)
valmuskaani (illative singular)
valmuskoihini (illative plural)
valmuskallani (adessive singular)
valmuskoillani (adessive plural)
valmuskaltani (ablative singular)
valmuskoiltani (ablative plural)
valmuskalleni (allative singular)
valmuskoilleni (allative plural)
valmuskanani (essive singular)
valmuskoinani (essive plural)
valmuskakseni (singular translative)
valmuskoikseni (plural translative)
valmuskattani (abessive singular)
valmuskoittani (abessive plural)
valmuskoineni (comitative plural)
valmuskasi (nominative singular)
valmuskasi (nominative plural)
valmuskasi (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskasi (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskasi (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskasi (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskasi (genitive singular)
valmuskoidesi (genitive plural)
valmuskoittesi (genitive plural)
valmuskojesi (genitive plural)
valmuskaisi (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaasi (partitive singular)
valmuskoitasi (partitive plural)
valmuskojasi (partitive plural)
valmuskassasi (inessive singular)
valmuskoissasi (inessive plural)
valmuskastasi (elative singular)
valmuskoistasi (elative plural)
valmuskaasi (illative singular)
valmuskoihisi (illative plural)
valmuskallasi (adessive singular)
valmuskoillasi (adessive plural)
valmuskaltasi (ablative singular)
valmuskoiltasi (ablative plural)
valmuskallesi (allative singular)
valmuskoillesi (allative plural)
valmuskanasi (essive singular)
valmuskoinasi (essive plural)
valmuskaksesi (singular translative)
valmuskoiksesi (plural translative)
valmuskattasi (abessive singular)
valmuskoittasi (abessive plural)
valmuskoinesi (comitative plural)
valmuskamme (nominative singular)
valmuskamme (nominative plural)
valmuskamme (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskamme (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskamme (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskamme (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskamme (genitive singular)
valmuskoidemme (genitive plural)
valmuskoittemme (genitive plural)
valmuskojemme (genitive plural)
valmuskaimme (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaamme (partitive singular)
valmuskoitamme (partitive plural)
valmuskojamme (partitive plural)
valmuskassamme (inessive singular)
valmuskoissamme (inessive plural)
valmuskastamme (elative singular)
valmuskoistamme (elative plural)
valmuskaamme (illative singular)
valmuskoihimme (illative plural)
valmuskallamme (adessive singular)
valmuskoillamme (adessive plural)
valmuskaltamme (ablative singular)
valmuskoiltamme (ablative plural)
valmuskallemme (allative singular)
valmuskoillemme (allative plural)
valmuskanamme (essive singular)
valmuskoinamme (essive plural)
valmuskaksemme (singular translative)
valmuskoiksemme (plural translative)
valmuskattamme (abessive singular)
valmuskoittamme (abessive plural)
valmuskoinemme (comitative plural)
valmuskanne (nominative singular)
valmuskanne (nominative plural)
valmuskanne (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskanne (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskanne (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskanne (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskanne (genitive singular)
valmuskoidenne (genitive plural)
valmuskoittenne (genitive plural)
valmuskojenne (genitive plural)
valmuskainne (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaanne (partitive singular)
valmuskoitanne (partitive plural)
valmuskojanne (partitive plural)
valmuskassanne (inessive singular)
valmuskoissanne (inessive plural)
valmuskastanne (elative singular)
valmuskoistanne (elative plural)
valmuskaanne (illative singular)
valmuskoihinne (illative plural)
valmuskallanne (adessive singular)
valmuskoillanne (adessive plural)
valmuskaltanne (ablative singular)
valmuskoiltanne (ablative plural)
valmuskallenne (allative singular)
valmuskoillenne (allative plural)
valmuskananne (essive singular)
valmuskoinanne (essive plural)
valmuskaksenne (singular translative)
valmuskoiksenne (plural translative)
valmuskattanne (abessive singular)
valmuskoittanne (abessive plural)
valmuskoinenne (comitative plural)
valmuskansa (nominative singular)
valmuskansa (nominative plural)
valmuskansa (accusative nominative singular)
valmuskansa (accusative nominative plural)
valmuskansa (accusative genitive singular)
valmuskansa (accusative genitive plural)
valmuskansa (genitive singular)
valmuskoidensa (genitive plural)
valmuskoittensa (genitive plural)
valmuskojensa (genitive plural)
valmuskainsa (genitive plural rare)
valmuskaansa (partitive singular)
valmuskoitaan (partitive plural)
valmuskojaan (partitive plural)
valmuskoitansa (partitive plural)
valmuskojansa (partitive plural)
valmuskassaan (inessive singular)
valmuskassansa (inessive singular)
valmuskoissaan (inessive plural)
valmuskoissansa (inessive plural)
valmuskastaan (elative singular)
valmuskastansa (elative singular)
valmuskoistaan (elative plural)
valmuskoistansa (elative plural)
valmuskaansa (illative singular)
valmuskoihinsa (illative plural)
valmuskallaan (adessive singular)
valmuskallansa (adessive singular)
valmuskoillaan (adessive plural)
valmuskoillansa (adessive plural)
valmuskaltaan (ablative singular)
valmuskaltansa (ablative singular)
valmuskoiltaan (ablative plural)
valmuskoiltansa (ablative plural)
valmuskalleen (allative singular)
valmuskallensa (allative singular)
valmuskoilleen (allative plural)
valmuskoillensa (allative plural)
valmuskanaan (essive singular)
valmuskanansa (essive singular)
valmuskoinaan (essive plural)
valmuskoinansa (essive plural)
valmuskakseen (singular translative)
valmuskaksensa (singular translative)
valmuskoikseen (plural translative)
valmuskoiksensa (plural translative)
valmuskattaan (abessive singular)
valmuskattansa (abessive singular)
valmuskoittaan (abessive plural)
valmuskoittansa (abessive plural)
valmuskoineen (comitative plural)
valmuskoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈʋɑ̝lmus̠kɑ̝]

Borrowed from Russian волнушка (volnuška).

(mycology) any mushroom of the genus Tricholoma; knight


anamorphosis

en-noun

anamorphosis (countable and uncountable, plural anamorphoses)

From Ancient Greek ἀναμόρφωσις (anamórphōsis).

der

(mycology, lichenology) An abnormal form of some lichens or fungi that gives the appearance of a different species.


cocco

→ Middle French: coche

French: coco

From Portuguese coco. Doublet of cocco (“cochineal”) and coque.

doublet

(mycology) Synonym of ovolo (“Caesar's mushroom”)


pectinate

Borrowed from Latin pectinātus (“combed”), from pectinō (“I comb”), from pecten (“comb”). First attested in the mid-18th century.


ergosterol

en-noun

ergosterol (countable and uncountable, plural ergosterols)

Terbinafine has a unique mechanism of action among the antifugal agents (Petranyi et al, 1984; Balfour and Faulds, 1992), inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a key sterol component in the plasma membrane of the fungal cell.

2003, Peter G. Pappas, “Terbinafine”, in William E. Dismukes, Peter G. Pappas, Jack D. Sobel, editors, Clinical Mycology, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 104:

(biochemistry, steroids, mycology) The steroid precursor of vitamin D₂. It is found in cell membranes of fungi, and is their functional equivalent of cholesterol. It is also found in the membranes of some protists.


ergosterol

[eʁ.ɡoʃ.teˈɾɔʊ̯]

[iɾ.ɣuʃ.tɨˈɾɔɫ]

[iɾ.ɣuʃ.tɨˈɾɔɫ]

(biochemistry, steroids, mycology) ergosterol (steroid precursor of vitamin D2)


trama

Borrowed from Latin trāma. Doublet of tram.

(mycology) The inner, fleshy portion of a mushroom's basidiocarp, distinct from the outer pileipellis or cuticle and from the spore-bearing hymenium.


lâmina

(mycology) gill (any of the folds on the underside of a mushroom’s cap)


sporangium

/spəˈɹænd͡ʒɪəm/

From Late Latin sporangium, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá, “seed”) + ἀγγεῖον (angeîon, “vessel”).

Scientific explanations include that exposure to light, lack of moisture or absence of food can cause sporangia to form from the plasmodium. At least one of these three conditions has been present every time I've seen sporangia form.

1993, Sally Stenhouse Kneidel, Creepy Crawlies and the Scientific Method: Over 100 Hands-on Science Experiments for Children, page 81:

Asexual reproduction by the production of a bud in place of a sporangium is not uncommon.

2000, Peter R. Bell, Alan R. Hemsley, Green Plants: Their Origin and Diversity, page 161:

The sporangia, however, are much larger: 3–4 mm long 0.7–1.1 mm in diameter versus only 1–1.5 mm long 0.5–0.8 mm in Corynepteris, and are characteristically banana shaped with a pair of elongate annuli.

2009, Edith L. Taylor, Thomas N. Taylor, Michael Krings, Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants, page 416:

(botany, mycology) A case, capsule, or container in which spores are produced by an organism.

спора́нгий

a case, capsule, or container in which spores are produced


pellicle

From Latin pellicula, from pellis (“skin”). Doublet of pellicule.

(mycology) The outermost layer of a mushroom, often used only for a surface that is viscid and easily peels off.


amanita

(mycology) amanita (any mushroom of the genus Amanita)


conidium

From Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “dust”) + -idium.

(mycology) A fungal spore produced asexually in a conidiophore.


hypha

From New Latin hypha, from Ancient Greek ὑφή (huphḗ, “web”).

She lays out how fungal hyphae—countless miles of filaments folded up in every spoon of soil—coax open tree roots and tap into them.

2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 272:

(mycology) Any of the long, threadlike filaments that form the mycelium of a fungus.

hifa

filament that forms the mycelium of a fungus


abstriction

abstriction (countable and uncountable, plural abstrictions)

From Latin ab- (“from, away, outside”) + strictio (“act of pressing together”), from strictus (“tightened”). Equivalent to abstrict + -ion.

(biology, mycology) A method of spore formation in fungi in which successive portions of the sporophore are cut off through the growth of septa; abjunction.


abjunction

abjunction (countable and uncountable, plural abjunctions)

/æbˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃən/

From ab- (“away”) + junction (“to join”).

(mycology, biology) The creation of spores by cutting off portions of the sporophore by the growth of septa; abstriction.


arbuscular

(mycology) arbuscular (relating to the arbuscle)


mycorrhiza

mycorrhiza (plural mycorrhizas or mycorrhizae)

mycorrhizas (plural)
mycorrhizae (plural)

From myco- + Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”).

prefix

Alternatively, inoculations of a disturbed site with native or exotic fungi facilitate formation of mycorrhizae in a shorter period, given certain circumstances.

2004, Season R. Snyder, Michael F. Allen, Restoration of Micorrhizae in Arid Environments, Dilip K. Arora (editor), Fungal Biotechnology in Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Applications, Marce Dekker, Inc., page 481

This has been associated with advances in different research disciplines such as genetics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and physiology, advances which have generated better insight into topics of mycorrhizal biology, including the mechanisms of host-mycorrhiza interactions pre- and post-penetration, the influence of the symbiosis on the host and its surroundings, and the evolution and diversity of mycorrhization.

2010, Hinanit Koltai, Yoram Kapulnik, editors, Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: Physiology and Function, 2nd edition, Springer, page v:

In total, mycorrhizae are responsible for helping source the nutrients for about 80 per cent of all modern plant species.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 210:

(ecology, botany, mycology) A plant root formed in symbiosis with a fungus; the symbiosis between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant.

грыбакорань

symbiotic relationship between the mycelium of a fungus and the roots of a plant


adnexed

From Latin adnexus (“annexed, attached”).

In this group of mushrooms, the attachment of the gills to the stipe is adnexed.

(botany, mycology) Narrowly attached to a stem or stipe.


suppilovahvero

suppilovahvero (nominative singular)
suppilovahverot (nominative plural)
suppilovahvero (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahverot (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahveron (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahverot (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahveron (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojen (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroiden (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroitten (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroa (partitive singular)
suppilovahveroja (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroita (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossa (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissa (inessive plural)
suppilovahverosta (elative singular)
suppilovahveroista (elative plural)
suppilovahveroon (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihin (illative plural)
suppilovahverolla (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroilla (adessive plural)
suppilovahverolta (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroilta (ablative plural)
suppilovahverolle (allative singular)
suppilovahveroille (allative plural)
suppilovahverona (essive singular)
suppilovahveroina (essive plural)
suppilovahveroksi (singular translative)
suppilovahveroiksi (plural translative)
suppilovahverotta (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroitta (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
suppilovahveroni (nominative singular)
suppilovahveroni (nominative plural)
suppilovahveroni (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahveroni (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahveroni (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahveroni (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahveroni (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojeni (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroideni (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroitteni (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroani (partitive singular)
suppilovahverojani (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitani (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossani (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissani (inessive plural)
suppilovahverostani (elative singular)
suppilovahveroistani (elative plural)
suppilovahverooni (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihini (illative plural)
suppilovahverollani (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroillani (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroltani (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroiltani (ablative plural)
suppilovahverolleni (allative singular)
suppilovahveroilleni (allative plural)
suppilovahveronani (essive singular)
suppilovahveroinani (essive plural)
suppilovahverokseni (singular translative)
suppilovahveroikseni (plural translative)
suppilovahverottani (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroittani (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroineni (comitative plural)
suppilovahverosi (nominative singular)
suppilovahverosi (nominative plural)
suppilovahverosi (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahverosi (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahverosi (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahverosi (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahverosi (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojesi (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroidesi (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroittesi (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroasi (partitive singular)
suppilovahverojasi (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitasi (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossasi (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissasi (inessive plural)
suppilovahverostasi (elative singular)
suppilovahveroistasi (elative plural)
suppilovahveroosi (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihisi (illative plural)
suppilovahverollasi (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroillasi (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroltasi (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroiltasi (ablative plural)
suppilovahverollesi (allative singular)
suppilovahveroillesi (allative plural)
suppilovahveronasi (essive singular)
suppilovahveroinasi (essive plural)
suppilovahveroksesi (singular translative)
suppilovahveroiksesi (plural translative)
suppilovahverottasi (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroittasi (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroinesi (comitative plural)
suppilovahveromme (nominative singular)
suppilovahveromme (nominative plural)
suppilovahveromme (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahveromme (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahveromme (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahveromme (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahveromme (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojemme (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroidemme (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroittemme (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroamme (partitive singular)
suppilovahverojamme (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitamme (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossamme (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissamme (inessive plural)
suppilovahverostamme (elative singular)
suppilovahveroistamme (elative plural)
suppilovahveroomme (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihimme (illative plural)
suppilovahverollamme (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroillamme (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroltamme (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroiltamme (ablative plural)
suppilovahverollemme (allative singular)
suppilovahveroillemme (allative plural)
suppilovahveronamme (essive singular)
suppilovahveroinamme (essive plural)
suppilovahveroksemme (singular translative)
suppilovahveroiksemme (plural translative)
suppilovahverottamme (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroittamme (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroinemme (comitative plural)
suppilovahveronne (nominative singular)
suppilovahveronne (nominative plural)
suppilovahveronne (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahveronne (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahveronne (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahveronne (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahveronne (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojenne (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroidenne (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroittenne (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroanne (partitive singular)
suppilovahverojanne (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitanne (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossanne (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissanne (inessive plural)
suppilovahverostanne (elative singular)
suppilovahveroistanne (elative plural)
suppilovahveroonne (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihinne (illative plural)
suppilovahverollanne (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroillanne (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroltanne (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroiltanne (ablative plural)
suppilovahverollenne (allative singular)
suppilovahveroillenne (allative plural)
suppilovahveronanne (essive singular)
suppilovahveroinanne (essive plural)
suppilovahveroksenne (singular translative)
suppilovahveroiksenne (plural translative)
suppilovahverottanne (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroittanne (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroinenne (comitative plural)
suppilovahveronsa (nominative singular)
suppilovahveronsa (nominative plural)
suppilovahveronsa (accusative nominative singular)
suppilovahveronsa (accusative nominative plural)
suppilovahveronsa (accusative genitive singular)
suppilovahveronsa (accusative genitive plural)
suppilovahveronsa (genitive singular)
suppilovahverojensa (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroidensa (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroittensa (genitive plural)
suppilovahveroaan (partitive singular)
suppilovahveroansa (partitive singular)
suppilovahverojaan (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitaan (partitive plural)
suppilovahverojansa (partitive plural)
suppilovahveroitansa (partitive plural)
suppilovahverossaan (inessive singular)
suppilovahverossansa (inessive singular)
suppilovahveroissaan (inessive plural)
suppilovahveroissansa (inessive plural)
suppilovahverostaan (elative singular)
suppilovahverostansa (elative singular)
suppilovahveroistaan (elative plural)
suppilovahveroistansa (elative plural)
suppilovahveroonsa (illative singular)
suppilovahveroihinsa (illative plural)
suppilovahverollaan (adessive singular)
suppilovahverollansa (adessive singular)
suppilovahveroillaan (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroillansa (adessive plural)
suppilovahveroltaan (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroltansa (ablative singular)
suppilovahveroiltaan (ablative plural)
suppilovahveroiltansa (ablative plural)
suppilovahverolleen (allative singular)
suppilovahverollensa (allative singular)
suppilovahveroilleen (allative plural)
suppilovahveroillensa (allative plural)
suppilovahveronaan (essive singular)
suppilovahveronansa (essive singular)
suppilovahveroinaan (essive plural)
suppilovahveroinansa (essive plural)
suppilovahverokseen (singular translative)
suppilovahveroksensa (singular translative)
suppilovahveroikseen (plural translative)
suppilovahveroiksensa (plural translative)
suppilovahverottaan (abessive singular)
suppilovahverottansa (abessive singular)
suppilovahveroittaan (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroittansa (abessive plural)
suppilovahveroineen (comitative plural)
suppilovahveroinensa (comitative plural)

suppilo (“funnel”) + vahvero (“chanterelle”)

compound

(mycology) funnel chanterelle, yellowfoot; Craterellus tubaeformis.


piikki

piikki (nominative singular)
piikit (nominative plural)
piikki (accusative nominative singular)
piikit (accusative nominative plural)
piikin (accusative genitive singular)
piikit (accusative genitive plural)
piikin (genitive singular)
piikkien (genitive plural)
piikkiä (partitive singular)
piikkejä (partitive plural)
piikissä (inessive singular)
piikeissä (inessive plural)
piikistä (elative singular)
piikeistä (elative plural)
piikkiin (illative singular)
piikkeihin (illative plural)
piikillä (adessive singular)
piikeillä (adessive plural)
piikiltä (ablative singular)
piikeiltä (ablative plural)
piikille (allative singular)
piikeille (allative plural)
piikkinä (essive singular)
piikkeinä (essive plural)
piikiksi (singular translative)
piikeiksi (plural translative)
piikittä (abessive singular)
piikeittä (abessive plural)
piikein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
piikkini (nominative singular)
piikkini (nominative plural)
piikkini (accusative nominative singular)
piikkini (accusative nominative plural)
piikkini (accusative genitive singular)
piikkini (accusative genitive plural)
piikkini (genitive singular)
piikkieni (genitive plural)
piikkiäni (partitive singular)
piikkejäni (partitive plural)
piikissäni (inessive singular)
piikeissäni (inessive plural)
piikistäni (elative singular)
piikeistäni (elative plural)
piikkiini (illative singular)
piikkeihini (illative plural)
piikilläni (adessive singular)
piikeilläni (adessive plural)
piikiltäni (ablative singular)
piikeiltäni (ablative plural)
piikilleni (allative singular)
piikeilleni (allative plural)
piikkinäni (essive singular)
piikkeinäni (essive plural)
piikikseni (singular translative)
piikeikseni (plural translative)
piikittäni (abessive singular)
piikeittäni (abessive plural)
piikkeineni (comitative plural)
piikkisi (nominative singular)
piikkisi (nominative plural)
piikkisi (accusative nominative singular)
piikkisi (accusative nominative plural)
piikkisi (accusative genitive singular)
piikkisi (accusative genitive plural)
piikkisi (genitive singular)
piikkiesi (genitive plural)
piikkiäsi (partitive singular)
piikkejäsi (partitive plural)
piikissäsi (inessive singular)
piikeissäsi (inessive plural)
piikistäsi (elative singular)
piikeistäsi (elative plural)
piikkiisi (illative singular)
piikkeihisi (illative plural)
piikilläsi (adessive singular)
piikeilläsi (adessive plural)
piikiltäsi (ablative singular)
piikeiltäsi (ablative plural)
piikillesi (allative singular)
piikeillesi (allative plural)
piikkinäsi (essive singular)
piikkeinäsi (essive plural)
piikiksesi (singular translative)
piikeiksesi (plural translative)
piikittäsi (abessive singular)
piikeittäsi (abessive plural)
piikkeinesi (comitative plural)
piikkimme (nominative singular)
piikkimme (nominative plural)
piikkimme (accusative nominative singular)
piikkimme (accusative nominative plural)
piikkimme (accusative genitive singular)
piikkimme (accusative genitive plural)
piikkimme (genitive singular)
piikkiemme (genitive plural)
piikkiämme (partitive singular)
piikkejämme (partitive plural)
piikissämme (inessive singular)
piikeissämme (inessive plural)
piikistämme (elative singular)
piikeistämme (elative plural)
piikkiimme (illative singular)
piikkeihimme (illative plural)
piikillämme (adessive singular)
piikeillämme (adessive plural)
piikiltämme (ablative singular)
piikeiltämme (ablative plural)
piikillemme (allative singular)
piikeillemme (allative plural)
piikkinämme (essive singular)
piikkeinämme (essive plural)
piikiksemme (singular translative)
piikeiksemme (plural translative)
piikittämme (abessive singular)
piikeittämme (abessive plural)
piikkeinemme (comitative plural)
piikkinne (nominative singular)
piikkinne (nominative plural)
piikkinne (accusative nominative singular)
piikkinne (accusative nominative plural)
piikkinne (accusative genitive singular)
piikkinne (accusative genitive plural)
piikkinne (genitive singular)
piikkienne (genitive plural)
piikkiänne (partitive singular)
piikkejänne (partitive plural)
piikissänne (inessive singular)
piikeissänne (inessive plural)
piikistänne (elative singular)
piikeistänne (elative plural)
piikkiinne (illative singular)
piikkeihinne (illative plural)
piikillänne (adessive singular)
piikeillänne (adessive plural)
piikiltänne (ablative singular)
piikeiltänne (ablative plural)
piikillenne (allative singular)
piikeillenne (allative plural)
piikkinänne (essive singular)
piikkeinänne (essive plural)
piikiksenne (singular translative)
piikeiksenne (plural translative)
piikittänne (abessive singular)
piikeittänne (abessive plural)
piikkeinenne (comitative plural)
piikkinsä (nominative singular)
piikkinsä (nominative plural)
piikkinsä (accusative nominative singular)
piikkinsä (accusative nominative plural)
piikkinsä (accusative genitive singular)
piikkinsä (accusative genitive plural)
piikkinsä (genitive singular)
piikkiensä (genitive plural)
piikkiään (partitive singular)
piikkiänsä (partitive singular)
piikkejään (partitive plural)
piikkejänsä (partitive plural)
piikissään (inessive singular)
piikissänsä (inessive singular)
piikeissään (inessive plural)
piikeissänsä (inessive plural)
piikistään (elative singular)
piikistänsä (elative singular)
piikeistään (elative plural)
piikeistänsä (elative plural)
piikkiinsä (illative singular)
piikkeihinsä (illative plural)
piikillään (adessive singular)
piikillänsä (adessive singular)
piikeillään (adessive plural)
piikeillänsä (adessive plural)
piikiltään (ablative singular)
piikiltänsä (ablative singular)
piikeiltään (ablative plural)
piikeiltänsä (ablative plural)
piikilleen (allative singular)
piikillensä (allative singular)
piikeilleen (allative plural)
piikeillensä (allative plural)
piikkinään (essive singular)
piikkinänsä (essive singular)
piikkeinään (essive plural)
piikkeinänsä (essive plural)
piikikseen (singular translative)
piikiksensä (singular translative)
piikeikseen (plural translative)
piikeiksensä (plural translative)
piikittään (abessive singular)
piikittänsä (abessive singular)
piikeittään (abessive plural)
piikeittänsä (abessive plural)
piikkeineen (comitative plural)
piikkeinensä (comitative plural)

Borrowed from both Swedish pik (“peak, tip”) and Swedish spik (“nail”).

(mycology) tooth (spore on a tooth- or spine-like projection)


foxfire

fox fire (alternative)
fox-fire (alternative)

Possibly from fox + fire, though the semantic connection is unclear. Alternatively, the first element may be ultimately from Old French fols (“false”), or the term may derive by folk etymology from phosphor.

The foxfire,—as the country people call it,—glowed hideously from the cold and matted bosom of the marsh; and, far from us, in the depths of darkness, the screech-owl sat upon his perch, brooding over the slimy pool, and whooping out a dismal curfew, that fell upon the ear like the cries of a tortured ghost.

1832, Mark Littleton [pseudonym; John Pendleton Kennedy], “The Goblin Swamp”, in Swallow Barn, or A Sojourn in the Old Dominion. In Two Volumes, volume I, Philadelphia, Pa.: Carey & Lea, […], →OCLC, page 311:

Perhaps you've seen a foxfire in the woods. Well, in the dark, it looks like a live, burning coal; but when you go to it, and take it up, it's only a piece of rotten wood.

1874 June, Philip Quilibet, “Drift-wood. A Famous Evangelist.”, in The Galaxy. […], volume XVII, number 6, New York, N.Y.: Sheldon & Co., →OCLC, page 842, column 2:

[Nathaniel] Hawthorne in one of his books records a remarkable personal encounter with this weird fox-fire, and one which cost him dearly. He was on a journey by canal-boat, which had stopped en route for a brief period at midnight. During the interval he had stepped ashore, and was decoyed into a neighboring wood by the bright glow, which proved to be a fallen tree ablaze with phosphorescence. In his surprise and interest he lost all account of time, and thus missed his boat, [...] Almost any damp woods, especially after a rain, is likely to disclose its fox-fire, but it occasionally appears under circumstances where we little expect it.

1894 January 9, William Hamilton Gibson, “Foxfire”, in Harper’s Young People, volume XV, number 741, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 189, column 1:

People calls this "spunk," but it's foxfire. You see this hole in it? You see where I sawed it in two with the chain saw? See, this grows in hollow trees in a maple or a oak. No, it ain't mushroom; it's just really foxfire.

1911, Patsy Moore Ginns, quoting Stanley Hicks, “Ghosts, Haints, and Witches”, in Snowbird Gravy and Dishpan Pie: Mountain People Recall, Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, published 1982, →ISBN, page 185:

The rain stopped falling. They passed, leaving a trail of foxfire shuffled up out of the wet leaves like stars plowed in a ship's wake.

1965, Cormac McCarthy, The Orchard Keeper, New York, N.Y.: Random House, →OCLC; republished London: Picador, 2010, →ISBN, page 201:

Curiously enough, there were fluorescent displays underground that could be enjoyed without benefit of an ultraviolet lamp. One of these was fox fire, the spectral glow given off by fungi on decaying timber. In the damp darkness of the mine, pine planks 3 inches thick could become feather light and crumbly in a year.

1983, Manuel Robbins, “Collecting Fluorescent Minerals”, in The Collector’s Book of Fluorescent Minerals, New York, N.Y., London: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, →DOI, →ISBN, page 50:

(mycology, chiefly US) Bioluminescence created by some types of fungus, particularly those growing on rotting wood.

فوكسفيري

bioluminescence created by some types of fungus


subdecurrent

en-adj

subdecurrent (comparative more subdecurrent, superlative most subdecurrent)

more subdecurrent (comparative)
most subdecurrent (superlative)

In this group of mushrooms, the attachment of the gills to the stipe is subdecurrent.

(botany, mycology) Attached to and running downward along a stem or stipe, but curving inward just before the attachment point.


emarginate

emarginate (comparative more emarginate, superlative most emarginate)

more emarginate (comparative)
most emarginate (superlative)

From Latin emarginare; e- (“out”) + marginare (“to furnish with a margin”), from margo (“margin”).

In this group of mushrooms, the attachment of the gills to the stipe is emarginate.

(botany, mycology) Having roughly the same height or width for most of its length, becoming much shallower or narrower before reaching the attachment point.


columella

en-noun

columella (plural columellas or columellae)

/ˌkɒləˈmɛlə/

(mycology) The central sterile portion of the sporangium in various fungi.


stolon

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-stolon.wav

(mycology) A hypha that acts as a runner, connecting sporangiophores.


marginate

en-adj

marginate (comparative more marginate, superlative most marginate)

more marginate (comparative)
most marginate (superlative)

From Latin marginatus, past participle of marginare (“to margin”).

(mycology, biology) With a well marked edge or margin.