stock

en-noun

stock (countable and uncountable, plural stocks or (obsolete) stocken)

stocks (plural)
stocken (obsolete plural)

→ Dutch: stock

desctree

→ French: stock
→ Romanian: stoc
→ Turkish: stok

→ Italian: stock

→ Portuguese: estoque

→ Spanish: stock

From Middle English stok, from Old English stocc, from Proto-West Germanic *stokk, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”), with modern senses mostly referring either to the trunk from which the tree grows (figuratively, its origin and/or support/foundation), or to a piece of wood, stick, or rod. The senses of "supply" and "raw material" arose from a probable conflation with steck (“an item of goods, merchandise”) or the use of split tally sticks consisting of foil or counterfoil and stock to capture paid taxes, debts or exchanges. Doublet of chock.

stark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

(folklore) A piece of wood magically made to be just like a real baby and substituted for it by magical beings.


Bigfoot

August/September 1958, originally Big Foot, big + foot, relating to the large size of its supposed footprints relative to human footprints.

This imprint was made either Wednesday night or early Thursday morning by "Big Foot".

[1958 October 6, Andrew Genzoli, “Huge Foot Prints Hold Mystery Of Friendly Bluff Creek Giant”, in Humboldt Times, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-06-11:

Stories of “Bigfoot,” an eight-foot denizen of the forest in Northern California’s wild Trinity County, are among the main topics of conversation in that area. He is supposedly an Indian or half-breed who has reverted to an animal existence. A footprint believed to be his was measured by a Redding shoe store owner and found to be size 24!

1961 July 1, “Big deal”, in Boot and Shoe Recorder, volume 160, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Chilton Company, →OCLC, The Last Word, page 68, column 3:

Some Earth people believe Bigfoot lives in underground caves; others believe Bigfoot is connected with extraterrestrials; still others believe Bigfoot is a spirit that can sometimes manifest in form.

1994, Sun Bear, Wabun Wind, Shawnodese, “A Dream Language of the Earth”, in Dreaming with the Wheel: How to Interpret and Work with your Dreams Using the Medicine Wheel, Fireside, →ISBN, page 145:

Then there are the sharp divisions of opinion about whether Bigfoot is a Gigantopithecus or a Neanderthal or some other hominid.

2016, Bryan Sykes, “The Guru”, in Bigfoot, Yeti, and the Last Neanderthal: A Geneticist’s Search for Modern Apemen, Disinformation Books, →ISBN, part II, page 173:

Many enthusiasts believe that Bigfoot is not some sort of undiscovered hominid, but rather a mystical being that moves between dimensions.

2019, Christopher D. Bader, Joseph O. Baker, “Bigfoot: Undiscovered Primate or Interdimensional Spirit?”, in Deviance Management: Insiders, Outsiders, Hiders, and Drifters, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 77:

(cryptozoology, folklore) A very large, hairy, humanoid creature, similar to the yeti, said to live in the wilderness areas of the United States and Canada, especially the Pacific Northwest.

بيغ فوت

unidentified yeti-like animal (individual creature)


Bigfoot

en-noun

Bigfoot (plural Bigfoot or Bigfeet or Bigfoots)

Bigfoot (plural)
Bigfeet (plural)
Bigfoots (plural)

My answer to those who believe that all Bigfoot are just huge cuddly Ewoks is to remind them that there is plenty of evidence that every member of the great apes family […] has exhibited hostility […].

2007, Matthew Scott Hansen, The Shadowkiller: A Novel, page 434:

The striking news on the appearance of a Bigfoot on Taibai Mountain in Xi'an, Shaanxi Provnice^([sic – meaning Province]) recently spread among local residents of Mei County located near the foot of Taibai Mountain. Is Taibai Mountain really home to a Bigfoot?
Who encountered the Bigfoot on Taibai Mountain?
Reporters interviewed many residents of Mei County, and their accounts varied.

2010 October 15, “Bigfoot sighted on Taibai Mountain”, in 叶欣, editor, People's Daily, archived from the original on 2015-05-23:

(cryptozoology, folklore) An individual creature of this type.


banshee

desc

→ Arabic: بَانْشِي (bānšī)

→ Arabic: بَانْشِي (bānšī)

→ Catalan: banshee

→ Dutch: banshee

→ Esperanto: banŝio

→ Finnish: banshee

→ French: banshee, banshie

→ German: Banshee

→ Japanese: バンシー (banshī)

→ Korean: 반시 (bansi)

→ Northern Kurdish: banşî

→ Portuguese: banshee

→ Russian: ба́нши (bánši), банши́ (banší), ба́ньши (bánʹši), баньши́ (banʹší)

→ Spanish: banshee

Borrowed from Irish bean sí, from Old Irish ben síde (literally “woman of the fairy mound”). The term banshee entered English in 1771.

der

Late had he heard, in prophet's dream, / The fatal Ben-Shie's boding scream […].

1810, The Lady of the Lake, Walter Scott, 3.VII:

(Scotland, Ireland, folklore) A female spirit, usually taking the form of a woman whose mournful wailing warns of an impending death.


neck

The Neck no more upon the river sings.
And no Mermaid to bleach her linen flings
Upon the waves in the mild solar ray.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 234:

(folklore) A shapeshifting water spirit in Germanic mythology and folklore; a nix.


mare

head

mare c (singular definite maren, plural indefinite marer)

maren (definite singular)
marer (indefinite plural)
mare (indefinite nominative singular)
maren (definite nominative singular)
marer (indefinite nominative plural)
marerne (definite nominative plural)
mares (genitive indefinite singular)
marens (definite genitive singular)
marers (genitive indefinite plural)
marernes (definite genitive plural)


mare

mara (definite singular)
maren (definite singular)
marer (indefinite plural)
marene (definite plural)


mare

mara (definite singular)
marer (indefinite plural)
marene (definite plural)


魄

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བླ (bla) and Burmese လိပ်ပြာ (lippra).
Related to 白 (OC *braːɡ, “white”) (Schuessler, 2007).
; "illuminated part of the moon"
; "dark part of the moon"

(religion, folklore) the po, the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to 魂 (hún) which does.


魄

2004 June 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “第(だい)１話(わ) 試(し)作(さく) [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in 犬(いぬ)夜(や)叉(しゃ) [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:

Kon is the heart… in other words, the soul. And haku is the force that moves the body…

魂は心…つまり魂だ。そして魄は体を動かす力…

Kon wa kokoro… Tsumari tamashī da. Soshite haku wa karada o ugokasu chikara…

As long as it has this haku thing, even a soulless corpse can move.

魄ってやつがあれば、魂のない死骸でも動くんだな。

Haku tte yatsu ga areba, tamashī no nai shigai de mo ugoku n da na.

(religion, folklore) po (haku), the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to hun (kon) which does.


魂

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (魂):
* → Japanese: 魂(こん) (kon)
* → Korean: 혼(魂) (hon)
* → Vietnamese: hồn (魂)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢuːn): phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun) + semantic 鬼.
Cognate with 雲 (OC *ɢun, “cloud”) (Carr, 1985).

Han compound

(religion, folklore) the hun, the soul which goes to heaven, as opposed to the 魄 (pò), which goes down to the earth with the body at death.


魂

ja-noun

魂(たましい) • (tamashī) ^(←たましひ (tamasifi)?)

魂 (canonical)
tamashī (romanization)
tamasifi (romanization)
たましひ (hiragana historical)

⟨tamasipi₁⟩ → */tamasipʲi/ → /tamaɕifi/ → /tamaɕiwi/ → /tamaɕiː/
From Old Japanese.
Compound of 魂 (tama, “soul, spirit”, see below) and an uncertain shii, possibly 強ひ (shihi → shii), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 強ふ (shifu → shiu), modern 強いる (shiiru, “to force, compel”).

多麻之比波安之多由布敝尓多麻布礼杼安我牟祢伊多之古非能之氣吉尓

安之多由布敝尓 あしたゆふへに

安我牟祢伊多之 あがむねいたし

古非能之氣吉尓 こひのしげきに

tamashī wa ashita-yūbe ni tamafuredo aga mune itashi koi no shigeki ni


homunculus

Unadapted borrowing from Latin homunculus (“little man”). Compare the adapted borrowing omuncolo.

ubor

(alchemy, folklore) homunculus (a legendary figure resembling a little man, who was said to be created through alchemy)


soul

en-noun

soul (countable and uncountable, plural souls)

→ German: Soul

→ Esperanto: soulo

→ French: soul

→ Hungarian: soul

→ Italian: soul

→ Japanese: ソウル

→ Polish: soul

→ Portuguese: soul

→ Romanian: soul

→ Scots: sowel

→ Spanish: soul

From Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol (“soul, life, spirit, being”), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō (“soul”), of uncertain ultimate origin (see there for further information). Cognate with Scots saul, sowel (“soul”), North Frisian siel, sial (“soul”), Saterland Frisian Seele (“soul”), West Frisian siel (“soul”), Dutch ziel (“soul”), German Seele (“soul”) Scandinavian homonyms seem to have been borrowed from Old Saxon *siala. Modern Danish sjæl, Swedish själ, Norwegian sjel, Icelandic sál, Finnish sielu may have come from Old English sāwol.

inh

1836, Hans Christian Andersen (translated into English by Mrs. H. B. Paull in 1872), The Little Mermaid
"Among the daughters of the air," answered one of them. "A mermaid has not an immortal soul, nor can she obtain one unless she wins the love of a human being. On the power of another hangs her eternal destiny. But the daughters of the air, although they do not possess an immortal soul, can, by their good deeds, procure one for themselves.

No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or[…]. And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:

Flowey: See that heart? That is your SOUL, the very culmination of your being!

2015 September 15, Toby Fox, Undertale, Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X:

(religion, folklore) The spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality, often believed to live on after the person's death.

аԥсы

the spirit or essence of a person that is often believed to live on after the person's death


fee

nl-noun

fee f (plural feeën, diminutive feetje n)

feeën (plural)
feetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: fee

→ West Frisian: fee

Borrowed from French fée, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French fae, from Latin fāta, from fātum.


ani

Cognate to tani (“now, at present, then”), from Proto-Albanian *nū, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”) (cognate to Sanskrit नू (nū, “now”)). Occurs in coordination with other particles, compare nani, nime.
Further related to Arvanitika Albanian αί (e, “yes”) and (Standard) Albanian a (“probably, whether; or, there”).

cog

Ani mori nuse...

Well, (oh) you bride... (traditional wedding song)

(folklore, poetic) come on, hey; yes, well, alright; oh/ah (a vocative particle or/and complementary poetic tool)


גולם

he-noun

גולם / גֹּלֶם • (gólem) m (plural indefinite גְּלָמִים, plural construct גָּלְמֵי־) [pattern: קֹטֶל]

גֹּלֶם (canonical)
gólem (romanization)
גְּלָמִים (indefinite plural)
גָּלְמֵי־ (construct plural)

(mythology, Jewish folklore) a golem, a clay automaton


גולם

yi-noun

גולם • (goylem) m, plural גולמס (goylems) or גולמים (goylomem)

goylem (romanization)
goylems (romanization)
goylomem (romanization)

bor

גולם \ גֹּלֶם


ghoul

Unadapted borrowing from English ghoul, from Persian غول (ğul).

(mythology, folklore) ghoul (a spirit said to feed on corpses)


golem

nl-noun

golem m (plural golems, diminutive golempje n)

golems (plural)
golempje (diminutive neuter)

Ultimately from Hebrew גולם \ גֹּלֶם (gólem).

der

גולם \ גֹּלֶם

(folklore, fiction) a golem, a clay automaton


devil

Tok Pisin: tewel

→ Chuukese: tefin

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *dwísder.
Ancient Greek διά (diá)
Ancient Greek δια- (dia-)
Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH-der.
Ancient Greek βᾰ́λλω (bállō)
Ancient Greek διαβάλλω (diabállō)
Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos)bor.
Latin diabolusbor.
Proto-West Germanic *diubul
Old English dēofol
Middle English devel
English devil
From Middle English devil, devel, deovel, from Old English dēofol, dēoful, from earlier dīobul (“devil”), from Latin diabolus, ultimately from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “false accuser, slanderer”), also as "Satan" (in Jewish/Christian usage, translating Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (śātān)), from διαβάλλω (diabállō, “to slander”), literally “to throw across”, from διά (diá, “through, across”) + βάλλω (bállō, “throw”). The Old English word was probably adopted under influence of Latin diabolus (itself from the Greek). Other Germanic languages adopted the word independently: compare Saterland Frisian Düüwel (“devil”), West Frisian duvel (“devil”), Dutch duivel, duvel (“devil”), German Low German Düvel (“devil”), German Teufel (“devil”), Bavarian Teifl (“devil”), Danish djævel (“devil”), Swedish djävul (“devil”) (older: djefvul, Old Swedish diævul, Old Norse djǫfull). Doublet of diable, diablo, and diabolus.

der

better the devil you know than the devil you don't know

better the devil you know than the one you don't know

devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter

he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon

the devil we know is better than the devil we don't know

the devil you know is better than the devil you don't know

(folklore) A fictional image of a man, usually red or orange in skin color; with a set of horns on his head, a pointed goatee and a long tail and carrying a pitchfork; that represents evil and portrayed to children in an effort to discourage bad behavior.


mag

mag (nominative singular)
magowie (nominative plural)
magi (derogatory nominative plural)
maga (genitive singular)
magów (genitive plural)
magowi (dative singular)
magom (dative plural)
maga (accusative singular)
magów (accusative plural)
magiem (instrumental singular)
magami (instrumental plural)
magu (locative singular)
magach (locative plural)
magu (singular vocative)
magowie (plural vocative)
magi (derogatory plural vocative)

(folklore, fantasy) magician, wizard, sorcerer, conjurer, mage, magus (person who plays with or practices allegedly supernatural magic)


brownie

en-noun

brownie (countable and uncountable, plural brownies)

→ Belarusian: бра́ўні (bráŭni)

→ Chinese: 布朗尼 (bùlǎngní)

→ French: brownie

→ German: Brownie

→ Hungarian: brownie

→ Irish: donnóg (calque)

→ Italian: brownie

→ Japanese: ブラウニー (buraunī)

→ Lithuanian: braunis

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: brownie

→ Polish: brownie

→ Portuguese: brownie

→ Russian: бра́уни (bráuni)

→ Kazakh: брауни (brauni)

→ Spanish: brownie

→ Thai: บราวนี (bpraao-níi)

→ Turkish: brownie, browni, brovni

→ Welsh: browni

From brown + -ie (diminutive suffix). In folkloric sense, originally Scots.

Thus, offer Brownie a piece of bread, a cup of drink, or a new coat and hood, and he flouted at it, and perhaps, in his huff, quitted the place for ever ; but leave a nice bowl of cream, and some fresh honeycomb, in a snug private corner, and they soon disappeared, though Brownie, it was to be supposed, never knew any thing of them.

1828, Thomas Keightley, Fairy Mythology, volume II, page 169:

"Oh, auntie, do you know what Stine says?" cried a little brown-eyed beauty; "she says I shall go with her into the hayloft to-night and give the brownie his Christmas porridge."

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 5:

1908, Dinah Craik, The Adventures of A Brownie:

Stories were told of a brownie riding horseback to fetch the midwife at childbirth or helping his master to win at checkers.

1985, The Encyclopedia Americana, volume 1, page 636:

There are no brownies in my house, though. I know because there's always a pile of dishes in the sink.

2004, Justin Hocking, Jeffrey Knutson, Jared Jacang Maher, editors, Life and Limb: Skateboarders Write from the Deep End, page 37:

(folklore) A mythical creature, a helpful elf who would secretly do people's housework for them.


para

para (nominative singular)
parat (nominative plural)
paran (genitive singular)
parroin (genitive plural)
parraa (partitive singular)
paroja (partitive plural)
parraa (illative singular)
parroi (illative plural)
paras (inessive singular)
parois (inessive plural)
parast (elative singular)
paroist (elative plural)
paralle (allative singular)
paroille (allative plural)
paral (adessive singular)
paroil (adessive plural)
paralt (ablative singular)
paroilt (ablative plural)
paraks (singular translative)
paroiks (plural translative)
paranna (essive singular)
parraan (essive singular)
paroinna (essive plural)
parroin (essive plural)
parant (exessive singular)
paroint (exessive plural)

(folklore) troll cat (being designed to bring milk to its creator)


狒々

狒々 (canonical)
狒々 (canonical)
hihi (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, folklore) a hihi (Japanese monkey-like yokai)


đũa

head

đũa • (箸, 筷, 杜, 𥮊)

vi-noun

(classifier chiếc, cây) đũa • (箸, 筷, 杜, 𥮊)

chiếc (classifier)
cây (classifier)
箸 (CJK)
筷 (CJK)
杜 (CJK)
𥮊 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 箸 (“chopstick”, SV: trợ).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">trợ</i>

đũa cả

large flat chopstick used to serve rice from a pot

(by extension, folklore, fantasy) a wand


abat

(folklore) a vampirelike creature or monster


enano

es-noun

enano m (plural enanos, feminine enana, feminine plural enanas)

enanos (plural)
enana (feminine)
enanas (feminine plural)

→ Cebuano: unano

→ Tagalog: unano

From Latin nānus, from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos). Cognate with Portuguese anão. Compare English nano-.


figa

From Old Galician-Portuguese figa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *fīca (“vulva”), from Latin fīcus (“fig tree or fruit”).

(folklore) fig sign, used to ward off evil spirits, the evil eye, etc. When directed to a person is insulting and equivalent to a bras d'honneur


coca

From cocatriz, probably from Old French cocatriz, from Latin calcātrīx.

de baleas, de cocas, de orças et de todoslos outros pescados quea ẽnas agoas

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 134:

of whales, of cockatrices, of orcas and of all the other fishes that are in the waters

que ordenaba e mandaba que andase logo a dita confraría de Santa Oufémea depúus a confraría de Santa María a Madre con sua danza de espadas e çirios e outros jogos algúus, se os tebesen, saluo que o jogo da qoqa que andase aalende das confrarías de San Sebastián e de San Migeel, junto con a confraría dos carniçeyros, por que a dita coqa he escandallosa

1441, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 145:

they ordered and commanded that the guild of Saint Euphemia be the firt [in the parade], then the guild of Saint Mary Mother, with its sword dance and candles and other amusements, if they have any, with the exception of the game of the cockatrice, which should go after the guilds of Saint Sebastian and Saint Michael, with the butcher's guild, because said cockatrice is scandalous

(mythology, folklore) cockatrice, in Galician folklore a water creature


Borrowed from Latin nānus, from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos).

(folklore) in Catalan celebrations, someone who wears a large papier-mâché head


Santa Claus

Borrowed from Dutch Sinterklaas (“Saint Nicholas”).

bor+

Last Monday the Anniversary of St. Nicholas, otherwise called St. A Claus, was celebrated at Protestant-Hall.

1773 December 26, New York Gazette, p. 3

The noted St. Nicholas, vulgarly called Santaclaus—of all the saints in the kalendar the most venerated by true hollanders, and their unsophisticated descendants.

Here, too, the winter festivals are just commencing; and the toy-shops are full of dolls and gew-gaws for the Bifana, who acts here the same comedy for children that Santiclaus does in America.

1828 November, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, letter to his mother from Italy

This is one of the developments Karl Marx failed to predict. Had he foreseen it he might have expired in guffaws, rolling in the aisle of the British Museum Library amid the notes for Das Kapital, that bearded Santa Claus of the revolution who slipped the unwanted gift of communism down the world's chimneys.

1937 August, Lawrence Martin, "The Odyssey of a Bogeyman", Esquire, Vol. 8, No. 2, p. 39

Emmeline: Oh Richard, you can't know everything. Only God knows everything.
Richard: God—He can't find us any better than Santa Claus.

1980, Douglas Day Stewart, The Blue Lagoon:

By 1900, department-store Santa Clauses were common – lodged in grottoes, cottages, and workshops or on thrones, they presided over a never-ending stream of children.

2005, Gerry Bowler, “Santa the Adman”, in Santa Claus: A Biography, McClelland & Stewart, →ISBN, page 142:

(folklore) A figure said to bring presents to people (especially children) at Christmas time.

Christkind

Christmas; different figure with same role


fairy ring

The idea of a ring where fairies danced was a traditional explanation for the fungal phenomenon before it was understood.

1914, "Rhys at the Fairy Dance" in Maud Keary, Enchanted Tulips and Other Verses for Children, Macmillan and Company, page 102,
Though many a year has passed away, / None have seen Rhys since that day! / Does he dance and does he sing / For ever in a Fairy Ring?

Welsh folklore also reveals few references to fairy rings but there is a fine example found in the legend "Rhys at the Fairy Dance" (collected in 1827) in which Rhys is lost but found again when several people venture to a nearby fairy ring.

1972, North Carolina Folklore Society, North Carolina Folklore Journal, Volumes 20-21: 1972-1973, page 51:

(folklore) A place where fairies congregate in a ring, particularly in order to dance.


troll

Partly:
* from Middle English trol (“demon (?); sorcerer (?)”) [and other forms], from Old Norse trǫll (“conjurer, mage; witch”), from Proto-Germanic *truzlą (“supernatural being; demon, fiend; giant; monster”), probably from *trudaną (“to step on; to tread”) + *-ilą (suffix forming agent nouns); and
* borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål troll, Swedish troll, or Danish trold, from Old Norse trǫll (see above).
Doublet of droll and trow.
cognates
* Danish fortrylle (“to bewitch”), trylle (“to conjure”)
* Icelandic tröll
* Middle High German trol, trolle (“spook, wraith; ogre, monster”)
* Norwegian fortrylle (“to bewitch”), trylle (“to conjure”)
* Swedish trolla (“to conjure”)

der

He followed their advice, and rode through a rye-field, where the Trolls were unable to follow him, but in their exasperation cried after him, "The red cock shall crow over thy dwelling." And behold! his house stood in a blaze.

1851, Benjamin Thorpe, “Norwegian Traditions. [The Girl at the Sæter.]”, in Northern Mythology, […], volumes II (Scandinavian Popular Traditions and Superstitions), London: Edward Lumley, […], →OCLC, page 7:

The Scandinavian fancied himself surrounded by Trolls,—a kind of goblin men, with vast power of work and skilful production,—divine stevedores, carpenters, reapers, smiths, and masons, swift to reward every kindness done them, with gifts of gold and silver.

1856, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Ability”, in English Traits, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, →OCLC, page 81:

The bear got so angry that he rushed at the trolls and scratched them all over, while Peter took the other handspike and hammered away at them as if he wanted to beat their brains out. The trolls had to clear out at last, but Peter stayed and enjoyed himself with all the Christmas fare the whole week. After that the trolls were not heard of there for many years.

1881, P. Chr. Asbjörnsen [i.e., Peter Christen Asbjørnsen], “Peter Gynt”, in H. L. Brækstad, transl., Round the Yule Log. Norwegian Folk and Fairy Tales, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, →OCLC, page 150:

In these manuscripts we are again in an atmosphere of eotens and trolls, there are traces of even older terrors, when the first Teuton settlers in Europe struggled with the aborigines who lived in caves, hints as elusive as the phantom heroes in the Saxon poems, and as unforgettable.

1922, Eleanour Sinclair Rohde, “The Anglo-Saxon Herbals”, in The Old English Herbals, London: Longmans, Green and Co. […], →OCLC, page 3:

(originally Scandinavian mythology, now also European folklore and fantasy) a giant supernatural being, especially a grotesque humanoid creature living in caves or hills or under bridges.

طْرُول

giant supernatural being; grotesque humanoid creature living in caves or hills or under bridges


troll

trollet (definite singular)
troll (indefinite plural)
trolla (definite plural)

From Old Norse trǫll, from Proto-Germanic *truzlą, from Proto-Indo-European *dreh₂-.

Dat eine Trollet skræmer inkje dat andre.

1856, Ivar Aasen, Norske Ordsprog [Norwegian Proverbs]:


troll

troll (nominative singular)
trolle (nominative plural)
trolla (genitive singular)
trolli (genitive plural)
trollowi (dative singular)
trollom (dative plural)
trolla (accusative singular)
trolle (accusative plural)
trollem (instrumental singular)
trollami (instrumental plural)
trollu (locative singular)
trollach (locative plural)
trollu (singular vocative)
trolle (plural vocative)

(European folklore, Norse mythology) troll (grotesque humanoid creature living in caves or hills or under bridges)


troll

troll (indefinite nominative singular)
trolls (genitive indefinite singular)
trollet (definite nominative singular)
trollets (definite genitive singular)
troll (indefinite nominative plural)
trolls (genitive indefinite plural)
trollen (definite nominative plural)
trollens (definite genitive plural)

När trollmor har lagt sina elva små troll, och bundit fast dom i svansen, då sjunger hon sakta för [de] elva små trollen, de vackraste ord hon känner: ho aj aj aj aj buff, ho aj aj aj aj buff, ho aj aj aj aj buff, buff, ho aj aj aj aj buff.

1943, Margit Holmberg (lyrics and music), “Trollmors vaggsång [Mother troll's lullaby]”:

When mother troll has put her eleven little trolls to bed, and tied them up by their tails [tail], then she slowly sings to the eleven little trolls, the most beautiful words she knows: ho ay ay ay ay buff, ho ay ay ay ay buff, ho ay ay ay ay buff, buff, ho ay ay ay ay buff.


Father Christmas

en-proper noun

Father Christmas (plural Father Christmases or Father Christmasses or Fathers Christmas)

Father Christmases (plural)
Father Christmasses (plural)
Fathers Christmas (plural)

The old men who had moustaches came with their breath frozen on them, and looked like so many old Father Christmasses: although all seemed poor and were indifferently clad, they almost all looked in good health and spirits.

1879 May, “Famine Relief. Welcome Words from Shan-si in a letter from Mr. James.”, in J[ames] Hudson Taylor, editor, China’s Millions, number 47, London: Morgan and Scott, […], page 63, column 2:

Again Donna Maria’s anger was interrupted by the rising of the curtain; or, rather, diverted from Carlo’s décadent æsthetics to the extreme badness of the mise en scène, to rows of Father Christmasses and ladies in grey waterproofs, who bellowed and gesticulated as unhappy shades at the gates of hell, and the chains of thick thighed and tight waisted furies who capered about in the rose-coloured Bengal light.

1889 June, Vernon Lee [pseudonym; Violet Paget], “Orpheus in Rome: Irrelevant Talks on the Use of the Beautiful”, in The Contemporary Review, volume LV, London: Isbister and Company […], section I, page 833:

The five Father Christmases walked slowly on, oblivious alike of the children who gaped at them and the man-hunt that was taking place under their noses.

1939, Nicholas Blake [pseudonym; Cecil Day-Lewis], The Smiler with the Knife, Harper & Row, page 199:

‘Yeah, I’ve seen those things they think are gnomes,’ said Ron, bent double with his head in a peony bush. ‘Like fat little Father Christmases with fishing rods …’

1998 July 2, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Burrow”, in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (Harry Potter; 2), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

At the beginning of the 1990s, therefore, Bardo moved to the current establishment, and was finally able to house his Father Christmases in the style they deserve.

2003, Piers Letcher, Eccentric France: The Bradt Guide to Mad, Magical and Marvellous France, Bradt Travel Guides; The Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, page 207:

At Christmas, also in 2004, members processed as Fathers Christmas, employing the slogan ‘Put the fathers back into Christmas’.

2007, Duncan Watts, Pressure Groups (Politics Study Guides), Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 122:

After the confrontation with the fictitious peer’s solution process, namely actually drawing rectangles around the Fathers Christmas’ irregular shapes, in Phase 4, another nine of the remaining 22 students (five 12–13- and four 15–16-year olds^([sic])) exchanged their initial linear answer for the correct nonlinear one.

2007, Dirk De Bock, Wim Van Dooren, Dirk Janssens, Lieven Verschaffel, The Illusion of Linearity: From Analysis to Improvement, Springer, →ISBN, page 103:

I was paid £1.92 an hour to wear a pink tutu and entertain the children waiting to see the two Father Christmases (one on either side of the grotto) as the increasingly irate families inched their way past the hour wait markers.

2011, Clare Hemmings, “Crossings”, in Kathy Davis, Mary Evans, editors, Transatlantic Conversations: Feminism as Travelling Theory, Routledge, published 2016, →ISBN, part I (Becoming a Feminist in a Transatlantic Context), page 29:

The smiling carol singers and the laughing Father Christmasses on the television seemed to make my misery more acute.

2016, Bryony Gordon, “I think I might be dying”, in Mad Girl, London: Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 20:

In 1836, English artist Robert Seymour illustrated Thomas K. Hervey’s Book of Christmas with a couple of boozy, wild-haired Fathers Christmas that set the tone for the next fifty years in which the London newspapers were more likely to emphasize the good father’s drinking than anything else.

2020, Tom A. Jerman, Santa Claus Worldwide: A History of St. Nicholas and Other Holiday Gift-Bringers, McFarland & Company, →ISBN, pages 166–167:

In 1958, it was reported that for "the fourth year in succession, staff of four South London stations have combined to decorate the booking hall at Peckham Rye station". They installed a nativity scene, models of Father Christmas, and a sleigh driven by huskies, and Christmas trees were placed around the station.

2023 December 27, David Turner, “Silent lines...”, in RAIL, number 999, page 29:

(folklore) A mythical figure said to bring presents to people (especially children) at Christmas time.


coco

Borrowed from Portuguese côco (“bogeyman, grinning face”), probably from Latin coccum (“kernel, seed”).

bor+

Duérmete niño, duérmete ya… que viene el coco y te comerá.

Sleep child, sleep now… lest the bogeyman come and eat you.


will o' the wisp

en-noun

will o' the wisp (plural will o' the wisps)

/ˌwɪləðəˈwɪsp/

Will (“male given name”) + of + the + wisp (“bundle of straw or hay used as a torch”)

1988, Michael Weikath, "Keeper of the Seven Keys", Helloween, Keeper of the Seven Keys: Part II.
Will o' the wisps / Misguiding your path / You can't throw a curse / Without takin' their wrath

Any of several kinds of pale, flickering light, appearing over marshland in many parts of the world with diverse folkloric explanations and multiple possible scientific explanations including bioluminescence and chemiluminescence.

(British folklore) A flickering light or lantern, especially over bogs, swamps or marshes, held by a supernatural creature who uses it to lure travelers at night to their demise.


hug

hugen (definite singular)
hugar (indefinite plural)
hugane (definite plural)

From Old Norse hugr (“thought”), from Proto-Germanic *hugiz og uncertain origin. Cognates include Norwegian Bokmål hu.

(uncountable, folklore) an itch in the nose which comes when someone is thinking of one, or as a warning that someone is about to arrive


bugbear

From obsolete meaning of bug (“something terrifying”) + bear. See Middle English bugge, modern bogey.

Ha, ha: alas poore wretch: a poore Chipochia, haſt not ſlept to night? would he not (a naughty man) let it ſleepe: a bug-beare take him.

c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:

“How could you lie so glaringly as to affirm I hated the ‘poor child’? and invent bugbear stories to terrify her from my door-stones?[…]”

1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], chapter XXII, in Wuthering Heights: […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC:

"My young friends," quietly replied Jason, "I do not wonder that you think the dragon very terrible. You have grown up from infancy in the fear of this monster, and therefore still regard him with the awe that children feel for the bugbears and hobgoblins which their nurses have talked to them about.[…]"

1853, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Golden Fleece”, in Tanglewood Tales:

The partisans of the Administration object to the word “imperialism,” calling it a mere bugbear having no real existence.

1900, Carl Schurz, For Truth, Justice and Liberty:

(folklore, fantasy) A generic creature, often described as a large goblin, meant to inspire fear in children.


kasha

(folklore) A yokai that steals the corpses of those who have died as a result of accumulating evil deeds.


leprechaun

→ German: Leprechaun

desc

→ Italian: leprecauno, leprechaun (unadapted), leprecano, lepricauno

→ Japanese: レプラコーン (repurakōn)

→ Korean: 레프러콘 (repeureokon)

→ Portuguese: leprechaun

→ Russian: лепреко́н (leprekón)

→ Spanish: leprechaun

/ˈlɛpɹəkɔːn/

/ˈlɛpɹəˌkɔn/

/ˈlɛpɹəˌkɑn/

From Irish leipreachán, luprachán, from Middle Irish luchrupán, from Old Irish luchorpán. See also Irish lucharachán.
The word's further etymology is disputed; it is traditionally explained as a compound containing lú (“small”, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-) + corp (“body”, which is from Latin corpus). However, an alternative suggestion is that it is a derivative of Latin Lupercī (“priests of Lupercus”), who were misinterpreted as an antediluvian species by medieval Irish scholars.

af

from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*h₁lengʷʰ-</i>

which is from Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">corpus</i>

Do you not catch the tiny clamour, / Busy click of an elfin hammer, / Voice of the leprechaun singing shrill, / As he merrily plies his trade?

1888, William Allingham, “The Lepracaun; or Fairy Shoemaker”, in William Butler Yeats, editor, Irish Fairy and Folk Tales, pages 86–87:

(Irish folklore) One of a race of elves that can reveal hidden treasure to those who catch them.

（爱尔兰民间传说里的）短妖精

[Àiěrlán mínjiān chuánshuō lǐ de] duǎn yāojing


leprechaun

Unadapted borrowing from English leprechaun, from Irish leipreachán.


manikin

Borrowed from English mannequin, from French mannequin, from Dutch manneken. Doublet of maniki.


kall

kallen (definite singular)
kallar (indefinite plural)
kallane (definite plural)

From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of kar. Cognates include Elfdalian kall and Swedish karl.

(folklore) (a general term for) a male supernatural creature


lucharachán

head

lucharachán m (genitive singular lucharacháin, nominative plural lucharacháin)

lucharacháin (genitive singular)
lucharacháin (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
lucharachán (indefinite singular)
lucharacháin (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a lucharacháin (indefinite singular)
a lucharachána (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
lucharacháin (indefinite singular)
lucharachán (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an lucharachán (definite singular)
na lucharacháin (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an lucharacháin (definite singular)
na lucharachán (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an lucharachán (definite singular)
don lucharachán (definite singular)
leis na lucharacháin (definite plural)

/ˈl̪ˠʊxəɾˠəxɑːnˠ/

From Middle Irish luchrupán, from Old Irish luchorpán (from Old Irish lú (“small”, from Proto-Indo-European *legʷʰ-) + corp (“body”, which is from Latin corpus) + -án (diminutive suffix)).

af

from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*legʷʰ-</i>


cornetto

From corno (“horn”, from Latin cornū) + -etto (diminutive suffix).

suffix

from Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">cornū</i>

(folklore) horn-shaped amulet resembling a hot pepper


shojo

(folklore) A creature in Japanese folklore, often depicted as a sea spirit with red hair and a fondness for alcohol.


grim

grimen (definite singular)
grimar (indefinite plural)
grimane (definite plural)


forno

From Old Galician-Portuguese forno, from Latin furnus.


sorcerer

/ˈsɔːsəɹə(ɹ)/

From Middle English sorcerere, from Old French sorcier, from Early Medieval Latin sortiārius, derived from Latin sortem (“fate, fortune”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind”).

Pope Joan, who once occupied the throne of the Vatican, was reputed to be the blackest sorcerer of them all.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 105:

"Well, sorcerer?" growled the Norman. "Nay, not well," replied Catweazle shivering miserably, "I have the bone-ache."

1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 7:

(mythology, folklore, fantasy) A magician or wizard. Sometimes specifically male.

yshtës

magician/wizard drawing upon natural powers


Bloody Mary

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Bloody Mary.wav

(folklore) A ghost, witch or demonic spirit said to appear in a mirror if her name is chanted repeatedly.


shuck

(European folklore) A supernatural and generally malevolent black dog in English folklore.


iki

(folklore) nocturnal, winged creature of a batlike appearance with a long thread-like sucker tongue (said to suck blood from the soles of the feet of women in childbirth)


cockatrice

First attested 1382 as Middle English cocatrice (“basilisk”), from Old French cocatriz, from Late Latin calcātrīx (“she who treads upon something”), from Latin calcō (“tread”), from calx (“heel, hoof”).

der

For, behold, I will send serpents, cockatrices, among you, which will not be charmed, and they shall bite you, saith the Lord.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 8:17:

(fantasy, folklore) A snake or serpent that appears to be hatched from a rooster, or cock's, egg.


Siebenmeilenstiefel

de-noun

Siebenmeilenstiefel m (strong, genitive Siebenmeilenstiefels, plural Siebenmeilenstiefel)

Siebenmeilenstiefels (genitive)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (plural)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (nominative singular)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (definite nominative plural)
Siebenmeilenstiefels (genitive singular)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (definite genitive plural)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (dative singular)
Siebenmeilenstiefeln (dative definite plural)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (accusative singular)
Siebenmeilenstiefel (accusative definite plural)

From sieben (“seven”) + Meilen (“miles”) + Stiefel (“boots”). In the German-speaking countries a mile was about 7.5 km (thus roughly 5 international miles).

compound

Als sie sich ungefähr drei Fuß über dem Wasserspiegel befand, ruderte ein Boot unter dieselbe, und dann ließ sich ein Siebenmeilenstiefel, dem ein zweiter Siebenmeilenstiefel und noch zwei weitere Siebenmeilenstiefel folgten, langsam ins Boot hinab.

When she was about three feet above the water's surface, a boat rowed underneath, and then a seven-mile boot, which a second seven-mile boot and then two more seven-mile boots followed, slowly came into the boat.

(folklore, fairy tales, often in the plural) a seven-league boot (one of a pair of boots enabling the wearer to cross seven leagues at one stride)


seven-league boots

en-noun

seven-league boots pl (normally plural, singular seven-league boot)

The Count strode away as if he had secured seven-league boots, and in less time than it seemed possible, though it was an age to Lady Anne (...), he returned with two bank of England notes in his hand, which he put into the bailiff's, saying,—"There's your money for yourself and all. You have proper behavour, and will make no say of this littel matter."

1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XL, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 211:

(folklore, fairy tale) A pair of boots enabling the wearer to cross seven leagues at one stride.


fylgja

is-noun

fylgja f (genitive singular fylgju, nominative plural fylgjur)

fylgju (genitive singular)
fylgjur (nominative plural)
fylgja (indefinite nominative singular)
fylgjan (definite nominative singular)
fylgjur (indefinite nominative plural)
fylgjurnar (definite nominative plural)
fylgju (accusative indefinite singular)
fylgjuna (accusative definite singular)
fylgjur (accusative indefinite plural)
fylgjurnar (accusative definite plural)
fylgju (dative indefinite singular)
fylgjunni (dative definite singular)
fylgjum (dative indefinite plural)
fylgjunum (dative definite plural)
fylgju (genitive indefinite singular)
fylgjunnar (definite genitive singular)
fylgna (genitive indefinite plural)
fylgnanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse fylgja, from Proto-Germanic *fulgijaną.

(folklore) a spirit which follows someone; guardian spirit


elemental

(alchemy, folklore, mythology) elemental


changeling

/ˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒlɪŋ/

The noun is derived from change + -ling (suffix with the sense ‘immature; small’). Sense 6 (“idiot, simpleton”) is from the idea that foolish children had been left by magical creatures (sense 1).
The adjective is derived from the noun.

suffix

[S]he, as her attendant, hath / A louely boy ſtollen, from an Indian king: / She neuer had ſo ſweete a changeling.

[c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

Every Lover admires his miſtris, though ſhee be very deformed of her ſelfe, [...] her feet ſtinke, ſhee breed lice, a meere changeling, a very monſter, [...]: if he loue her once, he admires her for all this, he takes no notice of any ſuch errors, or imperfections of body or minde.

1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Symptomes or Signes of Love Melancholy, in Body, Minde, Good, Bad, &c.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 3, subsection 1, page 515:

Juſt as a Changeling ſeems below the reſt / Of Men, or rather is a two-legg’d Beaſt, / So theſe Gigantick Souls amaz'd we find / As much above the reſt of human kind.

1709, Earl of Murlgrave [i.e., John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, formerly Earl of Mulgrave], An Essay on Poetry, London: […] H. Hills, […], →OCLC, page 15:

It was easy enough to see that the child was a changeling, for it wasn't like other children at all it screamed and cried, as if a knife stuck in it, and it wheezed and hit about with its arms like a huldre-cat, and was as ugly as sin.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 298:

His nurse had told him all about changelings, and how the little people would always try to steal a beautiful human child out of its cradle and put in its stead one of their own ailing, puking brats [...]

1961, Muriel Saint Clare Byrne, Elizabethan Life in Town and Country, 8th edition, London: Methuen & Co., →OCLC, page 285:

(European folklore, also figurative) In pre-modern European folklore: an infant of a magical creature that was secretly exchanged for a human infant. In British, Irish and Scandinavian mythology the exchanged infants were thought to be those of fairies, sprites or trolls; in other places, they were ascribed to demons, devils, or witches.

خائن

infant of a magical creature secretly exchanged for a human infant


Bruno

en-proper noun

Bruno (countable and uncountable, plural Brunos or Brunoes)

From Italian, German etc continental European Bruno, name of medieval Italian and German saints and royalty, Latinized form of Old High German brūn (“brown”), from Proto-West Germanic *brūn. The surname is mostly borrowed from Italian Bruno. Doublet of Brown.


Rapunzel

[χa.pũˈzɛʊ̯]


sirena

[sɪˈɾɛː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish sirena, from Late Latin Sirēna, from Latin Sīrēn, from Ancient Greek Σειρήν (Seirḗn). The third sense is an extension of the original, further popularized by the rap song Sirena.

Ligaya Tiamson Rubin, may mga kuwento ang mga taga- Angono tungkol sa mga sirena na siyang nakikita sa isang malaking bato na umaawit at may mahabang gintong buhok. Kapag may dumarating na tao ay agad itong nawawala.

2005, Ligaya Tiamson- Rubin, (Es) kultura ng bayan: Kakambal ng ibang mga bayan:

Diego: 'Yun pong bahagi ng dagat ditong nilalabasan ng mga sirena. Galit daw po ang mga sirena sa mga tagarito. Ayon po kasi sa kuwentu-kuwento, noong unang panahon daw e pinakialaman ng mga mangingisda dito ang mga sirena ...

1993, Ricardo Lee, Salome: a Filipino filmscript, Univ of Wisconsin Center for:

Sa kaharian nila Amelita... Sa kaharian ng mga Sirena...Nakaramdam ako ng kasiyahan. Si Lagrimas... Sana ay masaya siya saan man siya naroon.... Katapusan Si Robinson Mago ay isang Electronics and Communication Engineer na ...

2014, Robin Mago, Amelita, Robinson Mago:

Natutuklasan nila sa mga libro ni Gaying na lahat ng mga taga-Angono ay nagiging bida, walang bandido, nagiging mga diwata, higante at mga sirena sa kanilang mahal na Angono. Nagkakaroon tuloy sila ng pakiramdam na sila man ay ...

2005, Ligaya Tiamson- Rubin, Angono, Rizal: Pagtatala ng gunita, panimulang dokumentasyon ng mga bayan sa Pilipinas, →ISBN:


kobold

en-noun

kobold (plural kobolds or (rare) kobolde)

Borrowed from German Kobold. Doublet of cobalt.

a. 1867, George MacDonald, The Shadows, 2000 [1980], The Golden Key and Other Stories, page 96,
The king had seen all kinds of gnomes, goblins, and kobolds at his coronation; […] .

Among the nonhuman creatures that peopled rural Europe in the Middle Ages — the fairies, elves, dwarfs, trolls, and kobolds — there were beneficent female spirits who patronized those households that treated them well.

1977, James Buchanan Given, Society and Homicide in Thirteenth-Century England, published 2007, page 138:

In Germany also the kobolds are rather troublesome than otherwise, to the miners, taking pleasure in frustrating their objects, and rendering their toil unfruitful.

2011, William Wirt Sikes, Varla Ventura, The Occult Powers of Goats and Other Welsh Tales of Goblins, Fairies, Gnomes, and Elves, unnumbered page:

(German folklore) A mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household.


kobold

kobold (nominative singular)
koboldy (nominative plural)
kobolda (genitive singular)
koboldów (genitive plural)
koboldowi (dative singular)
koboldom (dative plural)
kobolda (accusative singular)
koboldy (accusative plural)
koboldem (instrumental singular)
koboldami (instrumental plural)
koboldzie (locative singular)
koboldach (locative plural)
koboldzie (singular vocative)
koboldy (plural vocative)

(Germanic folklore) kobold (ambivalent, sometimes vindictive, spirit that is capable of materialising as an object or human, often a child)

(Germanic folklore) kobold (mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household)


jette

jetten (definite singular)
jettar (indefinite plural)
jettane (definite plural)

From Danish jætte, from Old Norse jǫtunn, from Proto-Germanic *etunaz.


куга

bg-noun

ку́га • (kúga) f

ку́га (canonical)
kúga (romanization)
ку́га (indefinite singular)
ку́ги (indefinite plural)
ку́гата (definite singular)
ку́гите (definite plural)

(dialectal, folklore) contagious disease, plague


silver bullet

(literally, folklore) A bullet made of silver, usually with reference to the folkloric belief that such bullets are the only weapons which can kill a werewolf, vampire, or other monster.


hiisi

hiisi (nominative singular)
hiidet (nominative plural)
hiisi (accusative nominative singular)
hiidet (accusative nominative plural)
hiiden (accusative genitive singular)
hiidet (accusative genitive plural)
hiiden (genitive singular)
hiisien (genitive plural)
hiitten (genitive plural rare)
hiittä (partitive singular)
hiisiä (partitive plural)
hiidessä (inessive singular)
hiisissä (inessive plural)
hiidestä (elative singular)
hiisistä (elative plural)
hiiteen (illative singular)
hiisiin (illative plural)
hiidellä (adessive singular)
hiisillä (adessive plural)
hiideltä (ablative singular)
hiisiltä (ablative plural)
hiidelle (allative singular)
hiisille (allative plural)
hiitenä (essive singular)
hiisinä (essive plural)
hiideksi (singular translative)
hiisiksi (plural translative)
hiidettä (abessive singular)
hiisittä (abessive plural)
hiisin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hiiteni (nominative singular)
hiiteni (nominative plural)
hiiteni (accusative nominative singular)
hiiteni (accusative nominative plural)
hiiteni (accusative genitive singular)
hiiteni (accusative genitive plural)
hiiteni (genitive singular)
hiisieni (genitive plural)
hiitteni (genitive plural rare)
hiittäni (partitive singular)
hiisiäni (partitive plural)
hiidessäni (inessive singular)
hiisissäni (inessive plural)
hiidestäni (elative singular)
hiisistäni (elative plural)
hiiteeni (illative singular)
hiisiini (illative plural)
hiidelläni (adessive singular)
hiisilläni (adessive plural)
hiideltäni (ablative singular)
hiisiltäni (ablative plural)
hiidelleni (allative singular)
hiisilleni (allative plural)
hiitenäni (essive singular)
hiisinäni (essive plural)
hiidekseni (singular translative)
hiisikseni (plural translative)
hiidettäni (abessive singular)
hiisittäni (abessive plural)
hiisineni (comitative plural)
hiitesi (nominative singular)
hiitesi (nominative plural)
hiitesi (accusative nominative singular)
hiitesi (accusative nominative plural)
hiitesi (accusative genitive singular)
hiitesi (accusative genitive plural)
hiitesi (genitive singular)
hiisiesi (genitive plural)
hiittesi (genitive plural rare)
hiittäsi (partitive singular)
hiisiäsi (partitive plural)
hiidessäsi (inessive singular)
hiisissäsi (inessive plural)
hiidestäsi (elative singular)
hiisistäsi (elative plural)
hiiteesi (illative singular)
hiisiisi (illative plural)
hiidelläsi (adessive singular)
hiisilläsi (adessive plural)
hiideltäsi (ablative singular)
hiisiltäsi (ablative plural)
hiidellesi (allative singular)
hiisillesi (allative plural)
hiitenäsi (essive singular)
hiisinäsi (essive plural)
hiideksesi (singular translative)
hiisiksesi (plural translative)
hiidettäsi (abessive singular)
hiisittäsi (abessive plural)
hiisinesi (comitative plural)
hiitemme (nominative singular)
hiitemme (nominative plural)
hiitemme (accusative nominative singular)
hiitemme (accusative nominative plural)
hiitemme (accusative genitive singular)
hiitemme (accusative genitive plural)
hiitemme (genitive singular)
hiisiemme (genitive plural)
hiittemme (genitive plural rare)
hiittämme (partitive singular)
hiisiämme (partitive plural)
hiidessämme (inessive singular)
hiisissämme (inessive plural)
hiidestämme (elative singular)
hiisistämme (elative plural)
hiiteemme (illative singular)
hiisiimme (illative plural)
hiidellämme (adessive singular)
hiisillämme (adessive plural)
hiideltämme (ablative singular)
hiisiltämme (ablative plural)
hiidellemme (allative singular)
hiisillemme (allative plural)
hiitenämme (essive singular)
hiisinämme (essive plural)
hiideksemme (singular translative)
hiisiksemme (plural translative)
hiidettämme (abessive singular)
hiisittämme (abessive plural)
hiisinemme (comitative plural)
hiitenne (nominative singular)
hiitenne (nominative plural)
hiitenne (accusative nominative singular)
hiitenne (accusative nominative plural)
hiitenne (accusative genitive singular)
hiitenne (accusative genitive plural)
hiitenne (genitive singular)
hiisienne (genitive plural)
hiittenne (genitive plural rare)
hiittänne (partitive singular)
hiisiänne (partitive plural)
hiidessänne (inessive singular)
hiisissänne (inessive plural)
hiidestänne (elative singular)
hiisistänne (elative plural)
hiiteenne (illative singular)
hiisiinne (illative plural)
hiidellänne (adessive singular)
hiisillänne (adessive plural)
hiideltänne (ablative singular)
hiisiltänne (ablative plural)
hiidellenne (allative singular)
hiisillenne (allative plural)
hiitenänne (essive singular)
hiisinänne (essive plural)
hiideksenne (singular translative)
hiisiksenne (plural translative)
hiidettänne (abessive singular)
hiisittänne (abessive plural)
hiisinenne (comitative plural)
hiitensä (nominative singular)
hiitensä (nominative plural)
hiitensä (accusative nominative singular)
hiitensä (accusative nominative plural)
hiitensä (accusative genitive singular)
hiitensä (accusative genitive plural)
hiitensä (genitive singular)
hiisiensä (genitive plural)
hiittensä (genitive plural rare)
hiittään (partitive singular)
hiittänsä (partitive singular)
hiisiään (partitive plural)
hiisiänsä (partitive plural)
hiidessään (inessive singular)
hiidessänsä (inessive singular)
hiisissään (inessive plural)
hiisissänsä (inessive plural)
hiidestään (elative singular)
hiidestänsä (elative singular)
hiisistään (elative plural)
hiisistänsä (elative plural)
hiiteensä (illative singular)
hiisiinsä (illative plural)
hiidellään (adessive singular)
hiidellänsä (adessive singular)
hiisillään (adessive plural)
hiisillänsä (adessive plural)
hiideltään (ablative singular)
hiideltänsä (ablative singular)
hiisiltään (ablative plural)
hiisiltänsä (ablative plural)
hiidelleen (allative singular)
hiidellensä (allative singular)
hiisilleen (allative plural)
hiisillensä (allative plural)
hiitenään (essive singular)
hiitenänsä (essive singular)
hiisinään (essive plural)
hiisinänsä (essive plural)
hiidekseen (singular translative)
hiideksensä (singular translative)
hiisikseen (plural translative)
hiisiksensä (plural translative)
hiidettään (abessive singular)
hiidettänsä (abessive singular)
hiisittään (abessive plural)
hiisittänsä (abessive plural)
hiisineen (comitative plural)
hiisinensä (comitative plural)

Varo, ettei kaivohiisi vie sinua! (parent to child)

Be careful that the well-demon doesn't get you!

(mythology, folklore) devil, demon (malicious creature)


hiisi

hiisi (nominative singular)
hiijet (nominative plural)
hiijen (genitive singular)
hiisiin (genitive plural)
hiisilöin (genitive plural)
hiittä (partitive singular)
hiisiä (partitive plural)
hiisilöjä (partitive plural)
hiitee (illative singular)
hiisii (illative plural)
hiisilöihe (illative plural)
hiijees (inessive singular)
hiisiis (inessive plural)
hiisilöis (inessive plural)
hiijest (elative singular)
hiisist (elative plural)
hiisilöist (elative plural)
hiijelle (allative singular)
hiisille (allative plural)
hiisilöille (allative plural)
hiijeel (adessive singular)
hiisiil (adessive plural)
hiisilöil (adessive plural)
hiijelt (ablative singular)
hiisilt (ablative plural)
hiisilöilt (ablative plural)
hiijeks (singular translative)
hiisiks (plural translative)
hiisilöiks (plural translative)
hiitennä (essive singular)
hiiteen (essive singular)
hiisinnä (essive plural)
hiisilöinnä (essive plural)
hiisiin (essive plural)
hiisilöin (essive plural)
hiitent (exessive singular)
hiisint (exessive plural)
hiisilöint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *hiici. Cognates include Finnish hiisi and Estonian hiis.


kast

kastet (definite singular)
kast (indefinite plural)
kasta (definite plural)

From Old Norse kast.
(folklore): Compare Swedish offerkast.


ψυχή

psychí (romanization)
ψυχές (plural)
ψυχή (nominative singular)
ψυχές (nominative plural)
ψυχής (genitive singular)
ψυχών (genitive plural)
ψυχή (accusative singular)
ψυχές (accusative plural)
ψυχή (singular vocative)
ψυχές (plural vocative)

άβυσσος η ψυχή του ανθρώπου

there's nowt so queer as folk; an abyss [is] the soul of man

Ο Θεός να αναπαύσει την ψυχή της.

Το σώμα είναι η κιβωτός της ψυχής.

η ψυχή της Ελλάδας

(religion, folklore, also figurative) soul, spirit (essence of a person (or place or thing figuratively) usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality)


orm

ormen (definite singular)
ormar (indefinite plural)
ormane (definite plural)

From Old Norse ormr, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis. Akin to English worm.

(folklore) a mythical worm living in a human body parts, teeth or bones, causing various kinds of sickness

(folklore) any mythical dragon-like creature


orm

From Old Swedish ormber (“snake, vermin, ringworm”), from Old Norse ormr, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis, *wrmo- (“serpent, scorpion, maggot, worm”), maybe from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn”). Akin to English worm, wyrm. Doublet of vurm.


llorona

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

(folklore) weeping woman (from the Latin American folkloric legend La Llorona)


νάνος

nános (romanization)
νάνοι (plural)
νάνος (nominative singular)
νάνοι (nominative plural)
νάνου (genitive singular)
νάνων (genitive plural)
νάνο (accusative singular)
νάνους (accusative plural)
νάνε (singular vocative)
νάνοι (plural vocative)

(mythology, folklore) dwarf (member of a race of beings, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking)


vampiro

es-noun

vampiro m (plural vampiros, feminine vampiresa, feminine plural vampiresas)

vampiros (plural)
vampiresa (feminine)
vampiresas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French vampire or German Vampir, from Hungarian vámpír, ultimately from Serbo-Croatian vàmpīr.


Mrs. Claus

A relatively new gala, the Celebrate Santa Convention boasts a sea of Santas, Mrs. Clauses, elves, and reindeers, […]

2011, Kristin Luna, Tennessee Curiosities: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities & Other Offbeat Stuff, Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, page 167:

In normal years, he runs a roving school for Santas and Mmes. Claus and supplies a workforce of bearded men to malls and corporate events around the country. […] He led a neighborhood tree-lighting in a blue surgical mask with a Mrs. Claus friend near his apartment in Upper Manhattan, and a few buddies volunteered for a socially distanced Christmas parade.

2020 December 25, Emma Green, “The Christmas Crisis”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 2020-12-25:

“Why do I get the feeling that ‘we’ includes me?” I said warily. “Of course it includes you. You’re Mrs. Claus.” She reconsidered. “One of the Mrs. Clauses, at any rate. I signed you up for two shifts and some cookies. Surely that’s not too much to ask?”

2021, Liz Ireland, Mrs. Claus and the Halloween Homicide, Kensington Books, →ISBN:

In 1937, a Michigan school was established in Midland, and it has been training Santas and Mrs. Clauses for eighty-five years.

2022, Bill Loomis, Christmas in Detroit, Charleston, S.C.: The History Press, →ISBN, page 67:


feyness

en-noun

feyness (countable and uncountable, plural feynesses)

(Shetland, folklore, countable) A ghost resembling a living person, seeing which is an omen of that person's death.


lana

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laña.

inh+

(folklore) oil that supposedly grants the ungo the abilities of flight, shapeshifting, etc.


erlking

Partial calque of German Erlkönig (literally “alder-king”), a mistranslation of Danish ellerkonge (“king of the elves”).

pcal

This line, and indeed the whole passage (lines 653-664), allude to the well-known poem by Goethe about the erlking, hoary enchanter of the elf-haunted alderwood, who falls in love with the delicate little boy of a belated traveler.

1962, Charles Kinbote [pseudonym; Vladimir Nabokov], Pale Fire, New York, N.Y.: Berkley Books, published November 1985, →ISBN:

So easy for one young son to be swallowed up in a world teeming with Erlkings, real and imagined.

2010, Rachel Billington, The Missing Boy, Hachette, →ISBN:

He was in the forest looking to see the trees / But none were there / He found a girl / She found the erlking

2012, ミラクルミュージカル (lyrics and music), “Murders”, in Hawaii: Part II:

By now, he seems less a cartoon character than some contemporary Erlking, the malicious spirit made famous by Goethe (and Schubert) but found originally in a Danish ballad.

2018 October 22, Carol Rumens, “Poem of the week: Three Poetesses by Kristín Ómarsdóttir”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(European folklore) In German literature and modern folklore, a malicious elf or spirit who preys on children.


rei

reia (definite singular)
reier (indefinite plural)
reiene (definite plural)

From Old Norse reið, Proto-Germanic *raidō. Doublet of raide.


xa

From and older *jãa, from Latin Diāna. Cognate with Asturian xana, Old French gene, Romanian zână.

un térmeno medio entre os trasnos e as almas en pena; pero que participaban un pouco máis desta última condición, sólo que eran moi pacífecas, pois nunca se soubo que se metesen con nadie non metendose primeiro con elas. A estas pantasmas chamabanlle xás; abundaban como as moscas no mes da Agosto, e eran pola súa bondá, pouco temidas dos labregos.

1886, M. Nunez González, O muíño dos tíos Mariquiñas:

... a middle term in between elves and banshees, but a little closer to the latter ones and more peaceful, since they never messed with nobody if not disturbed first. These ghosts were called xas; they abounded as flies in August, and, because of they good temper, they were little feared by the peasants.


dwerg

head

dwerg (plural dwerge, diminutive dwergie)

From Dutch dwerg, from Middle Dutch dwerch, from Old Dutch *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz.

(fiction, folklore, fantasy, mythology) dwarf (small folkloristic humanoid)


dwerg

nl-noun

dwerg m (plural dwergen, diminutive dwergje n, feminine dwergin)

dwergen (plural)
dwergje (diminutive neuter)
dwergin (feminine)

Afrikaans: dwerg

From Middle Dutch dwerch, from Old Dutch *dwerg, from Proto-West Germanic *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz.
Compare West Frisian dwerch, German Zwerg, English dwarf, Danish dværg.


див

div (romanization)
див (indefinite singular)
ди́вове (indefinite plural)
ди́вът (definite singular subjective)
ди́вовете (definite plural subjective)
ди́ва (definite objective singular)
ди́вовете (definite objective plural)
ди́ва (count-form plural)
ди́ве (singular vocative)
ди́вове (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیو (div, “demon; giant”), of Iranian origin. Compare Serbo-Croatian ди̏в (“giant”). First attested in the 15 century.

bor+

(dialectal, folklore) Alternative form of дев (dev, “demihuman”) (folklore personage with extraordinary capabilities, attested in tales and legends)


див

ru-noun+

див • (div) m anim (genitive ди́ва, nominative plural ди́вы, genitive plural ди́вов)

div (romanization)
ди́ва (genitive)
ди́вы (nominative plural)
ди́вов (genitive plural)
ди́в (nominative singular)
ди́вы (nominative plural)
ди́ва (genitive singular)
ди́вов (genitive plural)
ди́ву (dative singular)
ди́вам (dative plural)
ди́ва (accusative singular)
ди́вов (accusative plural)
ди́вом (instrumental singular)
ди́вами (instrumental plural)
ди́ве (prepositional singular)
ди́вах (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *divъ (“evil spirit”)

inh+

(mythology, folklore) demon, harbinger of misfortune


kapre

Borrowed from Spanish cafre, from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”), originally referring to the East African slaves brought by the Portuguese and sold in Manila as "Cafres".

(folklore) ogre or giant believed to smoke cigars and live in old trees, especially balete (banyan) trees


mouro

pt-noun

mouro m (plural mouros, feminine moura, feminine plural mouras)

mouros (plural)
moura (feminine)
mouras (feminine plural)

mouro encantado
mouro encantado#Portuguese

(Iberian folklore) Synonym of mouro encantado


mara

Borrowed from Old Norse mara, from Proto-Germanic *marǭ, cognate with Old English mare or mære. Doublet of mare. See nightmare.

The corpus of related texts tells us that within rural society it was not improbable for your neighbour's envy of your fine cattle to take the form of a mara.

1996, Catharina Raudvere, “Now you see her, now you don't: some notes on the conception of female shape-shifters in Scandinavian traditions”, in Sandra Billington, Miranda Green, editors, The Concept of the Goddess, pages 41–55:

(European folklore) A nightmare; a spectre or wraith-like creature in Germanic and particularly Scandinavian folklore; a female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.

խիպիլիկ

(folklore) a nightmare; spectre or wraith-like creature


mara

mara (nominative singular)
marat (nominative plural)
mara (accusative nominative singular)
marat (accusative nominative plural)
maran (accusative genitive singular)
marat (accusative genitive plural)
maran (genitive singular)
marojen (genitive plural)
marain (genitive plural rare)
maraa (partitive singular)
maroja (partitive plural)
marassa (inessive singular)
maroissa (inessive plural)
marasta (elative singular)
maroista (elative plural)
maraan (illative singular)
maroihin (illative plural)
maralla (adessive singular)
maroilla (adessive plural)
maralta (ablative singular)
maroilta (ablative plural)
maralle (allative singular)
maroille (allative plural)
marana (essive singular)
maroina (essive plural)
maraksi (singular translative)
maroiksi (plural translative)
maratta (abessive singular)
maroitta (abessive plural)
maroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
marani (nominative singular)
marani (nominative plural)
marani (accusative nominative singular)
marani (accusative nominative plural)
marani (accusative genitive singular)
marani (accusative genitive plural)
marani (genitive singular)
marojeni (genitive plural)
maraini (genitive plural rare)
maraani (partitive singular)
marojani (partitive plural)
marassani (inessive singular)
maroissani (inessive plural)
marastani (elative singular)
maroistani (elative plural)
maraani (illative singular)
maroihini (illative plural)
marallani (adessive singular)
maroillani (adessive plural)
maraltani (ablative singular)
maroiltani (ablative plural)
maralleni (allative singular)
maroilleni (allative plural)
maranani (essive singular)
maroinani (essive plural)
marakseni (singular translative)
maroikseni (plural translative)
marattani (abessive singular)
maroittani (abessive plural)
maroineni (comitative plural)
marasi (nominative singular)
marasi (nominative plural)
marasi (accusative nominative singular)
marasi (accusative nominative plural)
marasi (accusative genitive singular)
marasi (accusative genitive plural)
marasi (genitive singular)
marojesi (genitive plural)
maraisi (genitive plural rare)
maraasi (partitive singular)
marojasi (partitive plural)
marassasi (inessive singular)
maroissasi (inessive plural)
marastasi (elative singular)
maroistasi (elative plural)
maraasi (illative singular)
maroihisi (illative plural)
marallasi (adessive singular)
maroillasi (adessive plural)
maraltasi (ablative singular)
maroiltasi (ablative plural)
marallesi (allative singular)
maroillesi (allative plural)
maranasi (essive singular)
maroinasi (essive plural)
maraksesi (singular translative)
maroiksesi (plural translative)
marattasi (abessive singular)
maroittasi (abessive plural)
maroinesi (comitative plural)
maramme (nominative singular)
maramme (nominative plural)
maramme (accusative nominative singular)
maramme (accusative nominative plural)
maramme (accusative genitive singular)
maramme (accusative genitive plural)
maramme (genitive singular)
marojemme (genitive plural)
maraimme (genitive plural rare)
maraamme (partitive singular)
marojamme (partitive plural)
marassamme (inessive singular)
maroissamme (inessive plural)
marastamme (elative singular)
maroistamme (elative plural)
maraamme (illative singular)
maroihimme (illative plural)
marallamme (adessive singular)
maroillamme (adessive plural)
maraltamme (ablative singular)
maroiltamme (ablative plural)
marallemme (allative singular)
maroillemme (allative plural)
maranamme (essive singular)
maroinamme (essive plural)
maraksemme (singular translative)
maroiksemme (plural translative)
marattamme (abessive singular)
maroittamme (abessive plural)
maroinemme (comitative plural)
maranne (nominative singular)
maranne (nominative plural)
maranne (accusative nominative singular)
maranne (accusative nominative plural)
maranne (accusative genitive singular)
maranne (accusative genitive plural)
maranne (genitive singular)
marojenne (genitive plural)
marainne (genitive plural rare)
maraanne (partitive singular)
marojanne (partitive plural)
marassanne (inessive singular)
maroissanne (inessive plural)
marastanne (elative singular)
maroistanne (elative plural)
maraanne (illative singular)
maroihinne (illative plural)
marallanne (adessive singular)
maroillanne (adessive plural)
maraltanne (ablative singular)
maroiltanne (ablative plural)
marallenne (allative singular)
maroillenne (allative plural)
marananne (essive singular)
maroinanne (essive plural)
maraksenne (singular translative)
maroiksenne (plural translative)
marattanne (abessive singular)
maroittanne (abessive plural)
maroinenne (comitative plural)
maransa (nominative singular)
maransa (nominative plural)
maransa (accusative nominative singular)
maransa (accusative nominative plural)
maransa (accusative genitive singular)
maransa (accusative genitive plural)
maransa (genitive singular)
marojensa (genitive plural)
marainsa (genitive plural rare)
maraansa (partitive singular)
marojaan (partitive plural)
marojansa (partitive plural)
marassaan (inessive singular)
marassansa (inessive singular)
maroissaan (inessive plural)
maroissansa (inessive plural)
marastaan (elative singular)
marastansa (elative singular)
maroistaan (elative plural)
maroistansa (elative plural)
maraansa (illative singular)
maroihinsa (illative plural)
marallaan (adessive singular)
marallansa (adessive singular)
maroillaan (adessive plural)
maroillansa (adessive plural)
maraltaan (ablative singular)
maraltansa (ablative singular)
maroiltaan (ablative plural)
maroiltansa (ablative plural)
maralleen (allative singular)
marallensa (allative singular)
maroilleen (allative plural)
maroillensa (allative plural)
maranaan (essive singular)
maranansa (essive singular)
maroinaan (essive plural)
maroinansa (essive plural)
marakseen (singular translative)
maraksensa (singular translative)
maroikseen (plural translative)
maroiksensa (plural translative)
marattaan (abessive singular)
marattansa (abessive singular)
maroittaan (abessive plural)
maroittansa (abessive plural)
maroineen (comitative plural)
maroinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed into Western Finnish dialects from Swedish mara, which is a demon that sits on the chest of a sleeping person and causes bad dreams. This demon is known by similar names among Germanic peoples and lives in English nightmare, in Swedish mardröm (“nightmare”) and in German Nachtmahr (“nightmare”), among others.

(folklore) nightmare, mara (demon that causes bad dreams)


duende

Borrowed from Spanish duende, from Old Spanish duen de casa (“house master”).

der

(Iberian folklore) a small humanoid creature who invades homes at night to carry out mischief and scare the residents


duende

→ Cebuano: dewende

→ Chamorro: duendes

→ English: duende

→ Portuguese: duende

→ Russian: дуэ́нде (duénde)

desctree

→ Tagalog: duwende, dwende — nonstandard, duende, duwinde, ruwinri — dialectal, Rizal, rare
→ English: duwende

→ Ukrainian: дуе́нде (duénde)

Inherited from Old Spanish duen de casa (“master of the house”). Compare Sicilian donni di casa. See more at dueño.

inh+

El duende de la Navidad vive en las ramas del manzano, pasa el tiempo subiendo y bajando, atareado con unir la luz del sol a la tierra y otras tareas similares. Cada año, en el invierno, se asoma a las ramas y mira a las estrellas y ve caer la […]

(Can we date this quote?), Raquel Cachafeiro Gil, El Duende de la Navidad, →ISBN, page 4:


henki

henki (nominative singular)
henget (nominative plural)
hengen (genitive singular)
henkiin (genitive plural)
henkilöin (genitive plural)
henkiä (partitive singular)
henkijä (partitive plural)
henkilöjä (partitive plural)
henkee (illative singular)
henkii (illative plural)
henkilöihe (illative plural)
hengees (inessive singular)
hengiis (inessive plural)
henkilöis (inessive plural)
hengest (elative singular)
hengist (elative plural)
henkilöist (elative plural)
hengelle (allative singular)
hengille (allative plural)
henkilöille (allative plural)
hengeel (adessive singular)
hengiil (adessive plural)
henkilöil (adessive plural)
hengelt (ablative singular)
hengilt (ablative plural)
henkilöilt (ablative plural)
hengeks (singular translative)
hengiks (plural translative)
henkilöiks (plural translative)
henkennä (essive singular)
henkeen (essive singular)
henkinnä (essive plural)
henkilöinnä (essive plural)
henkiin (essive plural)
henkilöin (essive plural)
henkent (exessive singular)
henkint (exessive plural)
henkilöint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *henki. Cognates include Finnish henki and Estonian hing.

Siunatut metsät, siunatut puut ja joet, siunatut elokkaat, hyvät ja pahat henget, kuun palvomiin, ƶertvoin toomiin töön alus

1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 104:

Holy forests, holy trees and rivers, holy animals, good and bad spirits, the worship of the moon, the offering before the beginning of a job


papu

(folklore) a fantastic creature used to scare children


cauchemar

(folklore) A demon or witch in French folklore that drains a sleeping person's energy by night.


stallo

stalloen (definite singular)
stalloer (indefinite plural)
stalloene (definite plural)

From Northern Sami stállu, from Proto-Samic *(s)tālō.

(folklore) a stallo (A humanoid malignant being known from Sami folklore.)


stallo

stalloen (definite singular)
stalloar (indefinite plural)
stalloane (definite plural)


redcap

From red + cap.
In sense of "porter", 1890s US; compare contemporary Japanese 赤帽 (akabou), Chinese 小紅帽／小红帽 (Xiǎo Hóng Mào). On Labor Day, 1890, John Williams, an African-American railway porter, tied a red ribbon to his black uniform cap to stand out from the crowd at Grand Central Terminal. The strategy was so successful that it was soon adopted by others in the profession, leading to the synecdochic use of redcap as a term for all railway porters.

1876: Porter & Coates (pub.), Reliques of Ancient English Poetry
Lord Soulis he sat in Hermitage Castle,
And beside him Old Redcap sly; —
"Now, tell me, thou sprite, who are meikle of might,
The death that I must die?"

"What's a Brownie?" you say. Oh, it's a kind of a sort of a Bogle, but it isn't so cruel as a Redcap! What! you don't know what's a Bogle or a Redcap!

1890, Joseph Jacobs, English Fairy Tales:

[…] the goblin had aroused the mercenary's ire. This seemed to bring out a formidable and hitherto unrecognized talent in the taciturn young man.
"Why cam' ye by my door?" The redcap brandished his pikestaff menacingly.
Redcap - A malevolent goblin easily distinguishable by their namesake red cap, fiery red eyes, claws and iron boots. They often appear as little old men, but can run very fast despite the boots. They reside in castles and watchtowers along the English-Scottish border, but will move their residence to avoid detection. They have sharp eagle’s talons which they use for weapons, but can easily be repelled simply by reading holy verse. http://www.vf11.com/legendsofvalhal/legendsofvalhal-post-814.html

2002, Cecilia Dart-Thornton, The Ill-Made Mute: The Bitterbynde:

After boggarts, they studied Red Caps, nasty little goblinlike creatures that lurked where there had been bloodshed […]

1999 July 8, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (Harry Potter; 3), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

(British, folklore) A type of evil goblin or imp.


rå

råa (definite singular)
råer (indefinite plural)
råene (definite plural)


sombra

From Old Galician-Portuguese soonbra, perhaps from Latin sub (“under”) + umbra (“shadow”).


genio

Borrowed from French génie, of Latin influence but based on Arabic جِنّ (jinn).

(folklore, mythology, fantasy) jinn, genie


bota

ms-noun

bota (Jawi spelling بوتا, plural bota-bota, informal 1st possessive botaku, 2nd possessive botamu, 3rd possessive botanya)

بوتا (Jawi)
bota-bota (plural)
botaku (first-person informal possessive)
botamu (possessive second-person)
botanya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: bota (inherited)


aloja

(folklore) a type of nymph or fairy woman believed to dwell in springs, pools, waterfalls, and lakes in areas of natural beauty


quati

→ Hunsrik: Quatti

Borrowed from Old Tupi kûati, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kʷati.

etymon

(Northeast Brazil, folklore) a type of roundelay


doble

From Latin duplus or duplex; if from the former, it is uncertain whether it was inherited or not, and may have been taken from a Catalan or Provençal intermediate, as the final '-e' rather than '-o' is unexpected. If from the latter, it is possible that it came from a Vulgar Latin *duplem as a variant accusative to Latin duplex (rather than the normal duplicem), formed analogically. Alternatively, it may derive from duple, the vocative of duplus, though this is less likely. The word may have also simply undergone a change of suffix internally within Spanish; an old form doblo was attested, but only in a legal sense. Compare Galician dobre, Portuguese dobro. Cf. also duplo and dúplex, which were later borrowed from Latin and may be doublets.


encanto

(folklore) apparition; otherworldly entity


encanto

Deverbal from encantar. Cognate with Portuguese encanto and Italian incanto.

(folklore) apparition, otherworldly entity


gloso

gloso (indefinite nominative singular)
glosos (genitive indefinite singular)
gloson (definite nominative singular)
glosons (definite genitive singular)
glosor (indefinite nominative plural)
glosors (genitive indefinite plural)
glosorna (definite nominative plural)
glosornas (definite genitive plural)

Compound of glo (“stare”) + so (“sow”). According to SAOB attested since 1863.

(folklore, Southern) A (often) white pig or boar with red sparking glowing eyes, large snout and fiery tusks, occasionally with a sharp serrated back and a tendency to run twixt the legs and cleave their victim.


little green man

en-noun

little green man (plural little green men)

[ˌlɪ.ɾɫ̩ ˈɡɹɪ̃i̯m ˌmɛ̃ə̯n̆]

[ˌlɪ.t͡ʔɫ̩ ˈɡɹɪ̃i̯m ˌmãn̆]

[ˌlɘ.ɾɯ ˈɡɹɘ̯ĩm ˌmɛ̞̃n̆]

կանաչ մարդուկ

humorous: space alien, Martian — see also alien

It was the pantomime of "Jack and the Bean Stalk," and as the Hallicots entered a large number of little green men were hammering on anvils in a gloomy and spacious cave.

1866 May 5, The Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser, page 4, column 1:

How funny to see the little green men, and the fairies in gossamer and dewdrops.

1883 March 17, The Brisbane Courier, page 3, column 3:

In an uncautions moment, once upon a time, I had informed Sweetheart that on the branches of that tree in years long past, when I used to trudge past it on foot, there used to be seen little green men, moping and mowing. So every time we pass that way Sweetheart requires the story with out variations. Not a single fairy must be added or subtracted.

1896 January 25, The Australasian, page 41, column 3:

Still the Green Isle is supposed to specialise in fairies - the little green men and fairy sprites have in spired many poems and stories of that distressful country[.]

1921 January 23, The Truth, page 8, column 4:

"Sure...the Little Green Men can't be as spiteful as some people say!"

1932 March 5, The Daily Mercury, page 14, column 2:

(folklore) A type of diminutive sprite or fairy that wears green clothing.


mino

(folklore) a magic spell cast, by a supernatural being, to confuse, disorient or make people lose their way


tardo

From the same origin that trasno (“goblin”).

(folklore) nightmare (goblin who plagues people while they slept and cause a feeling of suffocation)


sandman

E.T.A. Hoffmann
The Sandman (short story)
sandman

From sand + -man. The mythological sense may be from German Sandmann, Sandmännchen, as it is apparently first attested in English in the context of E.T.A. Hoffmann’s novella The Sandman (1816). The German is attested in the relevant sense since at least the mid-18th century.

This then was the Sandman; but what was his occupation, and what was his purpose ? The nursery-maid being applied to, gave a nursery-maid's explanation, that the Sandman was a bad man, who flung sand in the eyes of little children who did not go to bed.

1827, “On the Supernatural in Composition; and particularly on the Works of Ernest Theodore William Hoffman”, in Museum of Foreign Literature and Science, volume 11, page 458:

(folklore) A figure that brings sleep and dreams by sprinkling magical sand into people's eyes.


nahualism

From nahual + -ism. The first element is from Nahuatl nahualli (“sorcerer, spirit, animal form a person may take”).

uder

(folklore, mythology) The Mesoamerican belief that certain human beings can transform into animals.


火車

火車 (canonical)
kasha (romanization)
kwasya (romanization)
くわしや (hiragana historical)

/kua t͡ɕia/ → /kʷaɕʲa/ → /kaɕa/
From Middle Chinese compound 火車 (MC xwaX tsyhae).
The "steam locomotive" sense is a semantic loan from modern Chinese 火車／火车 (huǒchē).

(folklore) a yōkai that steals the corpses of those who have died as a result of accumulating evil deeds


peikko

peikko (nominative singular)
peikot (nominative plural)
peikko (accusative nominative singular)
peikot (accusative nominative plural)
peikon (accusative genitive singular)
peikot (accusative genitive plural)
peikon (genitive singular)
peikkojen (genitive plural)
peikkoa (partitive singular)
peikkoja (partitive plural)
peikossa (inessive singular)
peikoissa (inessive plural)
peikosta (elative singular)
peikoista (elative plural)
peikkoon (illative singular)
peikkoihin (illative plural)
peikolla (adessive singular)
peikoilla (adessive plural)
peikolta (ablative singular)
peikoilta (ablative plural)
peikolle (allative singular)
peikoille (allative plural)
peikkona (essive singular)
peikkoina (essive plural)
peikoksi (singular translative)
peikoiksi (plural translative)
peikotta (abessive singular)
peikoitta (abessive plural)
peikoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
peikkoni (nominative singular)
peikkoni (nominative plural)
peikkoni (accusative nominative singular)
peikkoni (accusative nominative plural)
peikkoni (accusative genitive singular)
peikkoni (accusative genitive plural)
peikkoni (genitive singular)
peikkojeni (genitive plural)
peikkoani (partitive singular)
peikkojani (partitive plural)
peikossani (inessive singular)
peikoissani (inessive plural)
peikostani (elative singular)
peikoistani (elative plural)
peikkooni (illative singular)
peikkoihini (illative plural)
peikollani (adessive singular)
peikoillani (adessive plural)
peikoltani (ablative singular)
peikoiltani (ablative plural)
peikolleni (allative singular)
peikoilleni (allative plural)
peikkonani (essive singular)
peikkoinani (essive plural)
peikokseni (singular translative)
peikoikseni (plural translative)
peikottani (abessive singular)
peikoittani (abessive plural)
peikkoineni (comitative plural)
peikkosi (nominative singular)
peikkosi (nominative plural)
peikkosi (accusative nominative singular)
peikkosi (accusative nominative plural)
peikkosi (accusative genitive singular)
peikkosi (accusative genitive plural)
peikkosi (genitive singular)
peikkojesi (genitive plural)
peikkoasi (partitive singular)
peikkojasi (partitive plural)
peikossasi (inessive singular)
peikoissasi (inessive plural)
peikostasi (elative singular)
peikoistasi (elative plural)
peikkoosi (illative singular)
peikkoihisi (illative plural)
peikollasi (adessive singular)
peikoillasi (adessive plural)
peikoltasi (ablative singular)
peikoiltasi (ablative plural)
peikollesi (allative singular)
peikoillesi (allative plural)
peikkonasi (essive singular)
peikkoinasi (essive plural)
peikoksesi (singular translative)
peikoiksesi (plural translative)
peikottasi (abessive singular)
peikoittasi (abessive plural)
peikkoinesi (comitative plural)
peikkomme (nominative singular)
peikkomme (nominative plural)
peikkomme (accusative nominative singular)
peikkomme (accusative nominative plural)
peikkomme (accusative genitive singular)
peikkomme (accusative genitive plural)
peikkomme (genitive singular)
peikkojemme (genitive plural)
peikkoamme (partitive singular)
peikkojamme (partitive plural)
peikossamme (inessive singular)
peikoissamme (inessive plural)
peikostamme (elative singular)
peikoistamme (elative plural)
peikkoomme (illative singular)
peikkoihimme (illative plural)
peikollamme (adessive singular)
peikoillamme (adessive plural)
peikoltamme (ablative singular)
peikoiltamme (ablative plural)
peikollemme (allative singular)
peikoillemme (allative plural)
peikkonamme (essive singular)
peikkoinamme (essive plural)
peikoksemme (singular translative)
peikoiksemme (plural translative)
peikottamme (abessive singular)
peikoittamme (abessive plural)
peikkoinemme (comitative plural)
peikkonne (nominative singular)
peikkonne (nominative plural)
peikkonne (accusative nominative singular)
peikkonne (accusative nominative plural)
peikkonne (accusative genitive singular)
peikkonne (accusative genitive plural)
peikkonne (genitive singular)
peikkojenne (genitive plural)
peikkoanne (partitive singular)
peikkojanne (partitive plural)
peikossanne (inessive singular)
peikoissanne (inessive plural)
peikostanne (elative singular)
peikoistanne (elative plural)
peikkoonne (illative singular)
peikkoihinne (illative plural)
peikollanne (adessive singular)
peikoillanne (adessive plural)
peikoltanne (ablative singular)
peikoiltanne (ablative plural)
peikollenne (allative singular)
peikoillenne (allative plural)
peikkonanne (essive singular)
peikkoinanne (essive plural)
peikoksenne (singular translative)
peikoiksenne (plural translative)
peikottanne (abessive singular)
peikoittanne (abessive plural)
peikkoinenne (comitative plural)
peikkonsa (nominative singular)
peikkonsa (nominative plural)
peikkonsa (accusative nominative singular)
peikkonsa (accusative nominative plural)
peikkonsa (accusative genitive singular)
peikkonsa (accusative genitive plural)
peikkonsa (genitive singular)
peikkojensa (genitive plural)
peikkoaan (partitive singular)
peikkoansa (partitive singular)
peikkojaan (partitive plural)
peikkojansa (partitive plural)
peikossaan (inessive singular)
peikossansa (inessive singular)
peikoissaan (inessive plural)
peikoissansa (inessive plural)
peikostaan (elative singular)
peikostansa (elative singular)
peikoistaan (elative plural)
peikoistansa (elative plural)
peikkoonsa (illative singular)
peikkoihinsa (illative plural)
peikollaan (adessive singular)
peikollansa (adessive singular)
peikoillaan (adessive plural)
peikoillansa (adessive plural)
peikoltaan (ablative singular)
peikoltansa (ablative singular)
peikoiltaan (ablative plural)
peikoiltansa (ablative plural)
peikolleen (allative singular)
peikollensa (allative singular)
peikoilleen (allative plural)
peikoillensa (allative plural)
peikkonaan (essive singular)
peikkonansa (essive singular)
peikkoinaan (essive plural)
peikkoinansa (essive plural)
peikokseen (singular translative)
peikoksensa (singular translative)
peikoikseen (plural translative)
peikoiksensa (plural translative)
peikottaan (abessive singular)
peikottansa (abessive singular)
peikoittaan (abessive plural)
peikoittansa (abessive plural)
peikkoineen (comitative plural)
peikkoinensa (comitative plural)

From older peikkoi, from Proto-Finnic *peikoi, *peiko (reshaped later with -kko; compare Estonian peig (“bridegroom”)), deriving either from Proto-Germanic *faihaz (“hostile, criminal”), *faigijaz (“fey”), or alternatively from a lost Baltic cognate (inexact parallels include Lithuanian paikas (“stupid”), piktas (“angry, bad”), pikčius (“devil”), pikulas (“devil”)), all ultimately based on Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“to mark”).

der

(folklore) goblin, hobgoblin, gnome, gremlin (mythical man-like creature, often depicted hairy, tailed and mischievous)


caganer

ca-noun

caganer m (plural caganers, feminine caganera)

(folklore, with definite article) "the defecator" (a small statue that may be found in the periphery of Bethlehem Nativity scenes in Catalonia and Andorra)


Befana

From Vulgar Latin or Late Latin *epiphanĭa for Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia, “manifestation, striking appearance”). Doublet of Epifania.

uder

(folklore) a folkloric figure resembling an ugly but kind old witch who gives treats or presents to children in the night before Epiphany


天の川

ja-pos

天(あま)の川(がわ) • (Amanogawa) ^(←あまのがは (Amanogafa)?)

天の川 (canonical)
Amanogawa (romanization)
Amanogafa (romanization)
あまのがは (hiragana historical)

From 天 (ama, “heaven”) + の (no, possessive/attributive particle) + 川 (kawa, “river”).

af

(folklore) the Milky Way (where Orihime could meet Hikoboshi on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month)


laho

Borrowed from Sanskrit राहु (rāhu, “Rāhu”). Compare Kapampangan lau and Indonesian rahu.

bor+

(folklore, obsolete) eclipse monster that devours the moon


мара

bg-noun

ма́ра • (mára) f

ма́ра (canonical)
mára (romanization)
ма́ра (indefinite singular)
ма́рата (definite singular)

Deverbal from ма́ря (márja, “to worry, to stress over”), related to мор (mor, “plague”), умо́ра (umóra, “fatigue”).

deverbal

Мара Лишанка

(folklore) ritual commemorating Death and Mortality


näck

Han kastade näck.

(folklore) dropping a larger stone into water without a splash, so as to make a muffled sound and thereby scare away the Neck


Näcken

From Old Norse nykr, from Proto-Germanic *nikwiz-, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *nigʷ-.

(folklore) Nix; a water creature in human form who, among other things, lures people to drown in his river by his wonderful violin playing


ormur

fo-noun

ormur m (genitive singular orms, plural ormar)

orms (genitive singular)
ormar (plural)
ormur (indefinite nominative singular)
ormurin (definite nominative singular)
ormar (indefinite nominative plural)
ormarnir (definite nominative plural)
orm (accusative indefinite singular)
ormin (accusative definite singular)
ormar (accusative indefinite plural)
ormarnar (accusative definite plural)
ormi (dative indefinite singular)
orminum (dative definite singular)
ormum (dative indefinite plural)
ormunum (dative definite plural)
orms (genitive indefinite singular)
ormsins (definite genitive singular)
orma (genitive indefinite plural)
ormanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse ormr, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.


ormur

is-noun

ormur m (genitive singular orms, nominative plural ormar)

orms (genitive singular)
ormar (nominative plural)
ormur (indefinite nominative singular)
ormurinn (definite nominative singular)
ormar (indefinite nominative plural)
ormarnir (definite nominative plural)
orm (accusative indefinite singular)
orminn (accusative definite singular)
orma (accusative indefinite plural)
ormana (accusative definite plural)
ormi (dative indefinite singular)
orminum (dative definite singular)
ormum (dative indefinite plural)
ormunum (dative definite plural)
orms (genitive indefinite singular)
ormsins (definite genitive singular)
orma (genitive indefinite plural)
ormanna (definite genitive plural)


memorate

From Latin memorātus, past participle of memorāre (“to bring to remembrance, mention, recount”), from memor (“remembering”); see memory.

An undemonstrable legend is no legend at all. One must postulate that every fabulate is based on a memorate.

1974, Linda Dégh, Andrew Vázsonyi, “The memorate and the proto-memorate”, in The Journal of American Folklore, volume 87, →DOI, page 232:

(folklore) an oral narrative from memory relating a personal experience, especially the precursor of a legend.


soucouyant

1986, Kenneth Ramchand, “Wayne Vincent Brown”, in Daryl Cumber Dance (ed.), Fifty Caribbean Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook, Greenwood Press, →ISBN, page 90,
We can notice, for example, that “Vampire” combines the folkloric soucouyant (blood-sucking old woman in the shape of a ball of fire), a science fiction creature (“clammy, from its bed of hairs / And thirsty” [p. 24]), the moon again (Brown’s poems are obsessed by the moon); …

2002, David E. Jones, Evil in Our Midst: A Chilling Glimpse of the World's Most Feared and Frightening Demons, Square One Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 133,
The Soucouyant is an evil fire, a kind of witch, that robes itself entirely in the skin of an old woman to hide its true identity from neighbors.

“The soucouyant is an old woman that sheds her skin,” Beth said. “She flies out of her house and looks for human blood. When she finds it, she changes into an animal of some kind and sucks the blood away.”

2003, Ken Douglas, Jack Stewart, Diamond Sky, Bootleg Press, →ISBN, page 110:

(Caribbean, folklore) A night witch who sucks people's blood, sheds her skin, and can transform into a fireball and fly.


κένταυρος

head

κένταυρος • (kéntavros) m (plural κένταυροι)

kéntavros (romanization)
κένταυροι (plural)
κένταυρος (nominative singular)
κένταυροι (nominative plural)
κένταυρου (genitive singular)
κενταύρου (genitive singular)
κένταυρων (genitive plural)
κενταύρων (genitive plural)
κένταυρο (accusative singular)
κένταυρους (accusative plural)
κενταύρους (accusative plural)
κένταυρε (singular vocative)
κένταυροι (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros).

Ο Φιρένζε ήταν κένταυρος στη σειρά «Χάρι Πότερ».
O Firénze ítan kéntavros sti seirá «Chári Póter».
Firenze was a centaur in the Harry Potter series.

(Greek mythology, folklore) centaur (mythical beast that is half man, half horse)


mulo

→ English: mulo

→ Limburgish: mol, moll

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Ashokan Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit मृत (mṛta), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás (“dead”), from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead”), from *mer- (“to die”).


天狗

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (天狗):
* → Japanese: 天狗(てんぐ) (tengu)
* → Korean: 천구(天狗) (cheon'gu)
* → Vietnamese: thiên cẩu (天狗)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁴¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁴¹/

(Japanese mythology, Shinto, folklore) tengu


天狗

desc

→ Chinese: 天狗 (tiāngǒu) (reborrowed for the Japanese sense)

→ English: tengu

→ French: tengu

→ Korean: 텐구 (ten'gu)

→ Russian: тэ́нгу (tɛ́ngu)

Nihon Shoki
Shugendō
Tengu
Tiangou
ja:天狗

From Middle Chinese 天狗 (MC then kuwX, “heaven + dog”). First appears in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).
The Chinese version of tengu (Tiangou) was originally more of a dog-like spirit or falling star. As the term and idea were imported into Japanese, the character became associated with 修験道 (“Shugendō, a kind of syncretism of Buddhist and native Japanese elements”), and the Japanese tengu changed to resemble either a long-nosed 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain monk”, a practitioner of Shugendō) with bright-red skin, or a crow.

天狗蝙蝠: Murina hilgendorfi

天狗蝙蝠 てんぐこうもり

天狗星

a kind of shooting star, one that includes a loud sound and a bright light

a place on a tree where many small branch grow

a microbial infection of cherry and other trees that causes a cluster of many small branch and knot

1999 September 23, “カラス天(てん)狗(ぐ) [Crow Tengu]”, in Vol.5, Konami:

An omniscient tengu. They say it uses divine power.

様々なことを知っている天狗。神通力が使えるという。

Samazama na koto o shitte iru tengu. Jintsūriki ga tsukaeru to iu.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto, folklore) a tengu, a mythical Japanese creature, typically birdlike and having a long nose


hipogrifo

(mythology, folklore, fantasy) hippogriff


milze

lv-noun

milze f (5th declension, masculine form: milzis)

milzis (masculine)
milze (nominative singular)
milzes (nominative plural)
milzi (accusative singular)
milzes (accusative plural)
milzes (genitive singular)
milžu (genitive plural)
milzei (dative singular)
milzēm (dative plural)
milzi (instrumental singular)
milzēm (instrumental plural)
milzē (locative singular)
milzēs (locative plural)
milze (singular vocative)
milzes (plural vocative)

From milzis (“(male) giant”) + -e (“fem.”).

viņš Speipnira mugurā jāj deviņas naktis, līdz ierodas pie upes Gjellas un šķērso tās tiltu, kuru sargā milze Modgūda

he rides on the back of Speipnirs for nine nights, until he comes to the river Gjella and crosses the bridge which is guarded by the giantess Modgūda

(folklore, mythology) female giant, giantess (very large, supernaturally strong female being)


lamat

(folklore) magic spell cast by a supernatural being, to confuse, disorient or make people lose their way


lamat

(folklore) to disorient; to become lost due to a spell


ignis fatuus

From New Latin ignis fatuus (literally “foolish fire”).

bor

Fiery spirits or devils are such as commonly work by blazing stars, fire-drakes, or ignes fatui; which lead men often in flumina aut præcipitia, saith Bodine[…]

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:

An Ignis Fatuus, that bewitches, / And leads Men into Pools and Ditches

1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 16:


ogro

eo-head

ogro (accusative singular ogron, plural ogroj, accusative plural ogrojn)

ogron (accusative singular)
ogroj (plural)
ogrojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from French ogre. Doublet of orcino and orko.


ogro

es-noun

ogro m (plural ogros, feminine ogresa, feminine plural ogresas)

ogros (plural)
ogresa (feminine)
ogresas (feminine plural)


gnomo

Borrowed from New Latin gnomus, coined by Paracelsus as a synonym for pygmaeus (“pygmy”).