abactinal

en-adj

abactinal (comparative more abactinal, superlative most abactinal)

more abactinal (comparative)
most abactinal (superlative)

The so-called mouth is always placed at one end of these poles, and from it radiate the most prominent organs, in consequence of which I have called this side of the body the oral or actinal area, and the opposite side the aboral or abactinal area.

1857, Louis Agassiz, Contributions to Natural History, volume 4, page 376:

(zoology) Pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in a radiate animal.

abactinaal

pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in a radiate animal


abactinal

(zoology) abactinal (pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in a radiate animal)


abranchiate

* First attested in the 19th century.
* a- (“not”) + branchiate (“gills”).


abranchiate

(zoology) An organism that does not have gills.


abranchiata

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βράγχια (bránkhia, “gills”) + -ata.

(obsolete, zoology) An order of annelids, so called because the species composing it have no special organs of respiration, usually including Oligochaeta.

(obsolete, zoology) Any of a number of other groupings of gill-less animals.


abdominalia

(zoology) A group of cirriped crustaceans having abdominal appendages.


αετός

aetós (romanization)
αετοί (plural)
αετός (nominative singular)
αετοί (nominative plural)
αετού (genitive singular)
αετών (genitive plural)
αετό (accusative singular)
αετούς (accusative plural)
αετέ (singular vocative)
αετοί (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ancient Greek ἀετός (aetós, “eagle”).

inh+

usually in the form αϊτός (aïtós)


abaxial

From ab- (“away from”) + axial (“axis”).

The lobule margins, furthermore, are arched away from the lobe, with the consequence that (when fully inflated) the abaxial leaf surface forms the interior lining of the lobule.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 7:

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(botany, zoology) Of a side that is facing away from the axis or central line, such as the underside of a leaf; or the back of an animal.

abaxiaal

botany, zoology: of a side away from central line


abaxial

(botany, zoology) abaxial (away from the axis)


aboral

en-adj

aboral (comparative more aboral, superlative most aboral)

more aboral (comparative)
most aboral (superlative)

From ab- (“away from”) + oral (“the mouth”).

(zoology) Situated opposite to, or away from, the mouth.


aboral

From ab- + oral; first element from Latin ab-.

(zoology) aboral (situated away from the mouth)


acanthocephalous

From translingual Acanthocephala + -ous.

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Acanthocephala</i>

(zoology) Having a spiny head, as one of the Acanthocephala.


acanthopterygious

(zoology) Having fins in which the rays are hard and spinelike; spiny-finned.


acaroid

/ˈæk.əˌɹɔɪd/

From New Latin acarus (“member of the former inclusive genus of mites”) + -oid (“likeness”).

af

(biology, zoology) Shaped like or resembling a mite.


acantha

From Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”), from ἀκή (akḗ, “thorn”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).


acarine

By surface analysis, acar- + -ine; either coined as such, or perhaps predating the prefix per se; see acarid § Etymology.


acanthopterygian

/ˌæk.ænˌθɑp.təˈɹɪd͡ʒ.i.n̩/

From New Latin, from acanthus (“thorn”), (from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos)) + Ancient Greek πτερύγιον (pterúgion) diminutive of πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing, fin”), from πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing”).

(zoology) Any fish of the superorder Acanthopterygii.

acanthoptérygien

any fish of the superorder Acanthopterygii


acanthopterygian

/ˌæk.ænˌθɑp.təˈɹɪd͡ʒ.i.n̩/

(zoology) Similar to an acanthopterygian.


acarus

Learned borrowing from New Latin acarus, from Ancient Greek ἀκαρί (akarí, “cheese mite, tick”).

der

water strongly boiled; wherein the Seeds are extinguished by fire and decoction, and therefore last long and pure without such alteration, affording neither uliginous coats, gnatworms, Acari, hairworms, like crude and common water

1658, Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, Folio Society, published 2007, page 205:

The number of Acari found in raw sugar is sometimes exceedingly great, and in no instance is the article quite free from either the insects or their ova (eggs).

1868, Robert Niccol, The Sugar Insect, "Acarus Sacchari", Found in Raw Sugar, page 4:

2003, G. Leigheb, Mite bites, Andreas D. Katsambas, European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments, Springer, page 342,
Besides the acarus of human scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei hominis) (0.3-0.5 mm), many other acari which are parasitic on animals or which infest various plant species, foods, organic waste or soil may occasionally attack man (facultative parasitism vs. obligatory parasitism in the case of scabies).

(zoology, acarology) Any member of the subclass Acari (aka Acarina): thus, a mite or a tick; specifically, any mite of the genus Acarus.


acicula

Learned borrowing from Late Latin acicula (“hairpin”), diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”).


lente

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *lenditem, alteration of Late Latin lendinem, itself an alteration of Classical Latin lendem.


transvestite

Borrowed from Latin trāns + vestītus, form of vestiō (“I clothe, I dress”) (as in English vestment, vest). Literally, a "cross-dresser". From transvestitism, from German Transvestitismus, coined in 1910 by Magnus Hirschfeld (the practice itself is much older).

"Proper" scorpion fly behavior entails the catching of an edible insect by the male, who then offers it to the female […] If she likes the gift, she mates with the male. Thornhill, however, has observed males approaching other males, assuming the female role until they get a grip on the food. Once they have it, they try to run away with it. The "transvestite" males, according to Thornhill, have an advantage over the other males because they have others do the hunting for them, leaving the "transvestites" more time to reproduce. In additon ^([sic]), the "transvestite" scorpion flies would avoid such hazards of the hunt as spider webs.

1979 August 18, “Get A Grip On The Food”, in Gay Community News, volume 7, number 5, page 2:

(zoology, dated) An animal that engages in sexual mimicry.


aberration

en-noun

aberration (countable and uncountable, plural aberrations)

/ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/

A learned borrowing from Latin aberrātiō(n) (“relief, diversion”), first attested in 1594, from aberrō (“wander away, go astray”), from ab (“away”) + errō (“wander”). Compare French aberration. By surface analysis, aberrat(e) + -ion.

абера́ция

astronomy: small periodical change of position of heavenly bodies

(zoology, botany) Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ.

абера́ция

zoology, botany: atypical development or structure


aberrant

en-adj

aberrant (comparative more aberrant, superlative most aberrant)

more aberrant (comparative)
most aberrant (superlative)

From Latin aberrāns, present active participle of aberrō (“go astray; err”), from ab (“from”) + errō (“to wander”). See aberr.

The more aberrant any form is, the greater must have been the number of connecting forms which, on my theory, have been exterminated.

1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of the Species:

(botany, zoology) Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal.

aberrant

deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal


aberrant

aberranten (definite singular)
aberranter (indefinite plural)
aberrantene (definite plural)

From Latin aberrāns (“wandering, straying or deviating from”), present active participle of aberrō (“I wander, stray; aberr”), from both ab- (“from, away from”), from ab (“from, away from, of”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) + and from errō (“I wander, astray; err”), from Proto-Italic *erzāō (“to roam, wander; go astray, waver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers-eh₂-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers- (“to flow”). Doublet of aberrasjon.
The noun is a substantivisation of the adjective, with the same etymology.

der

(botany, zoology) an aberrant (a group, individual, or structure that deviates from the usual or natural type, especially with an atypical chromosome number)


synonym

From Middle English sinonyme, from Latin synōnymum, from Ancient Greek συνώνυμον (sunṓnumon), neuter singular form of συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “synonymous”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). By surface analysis, syn- + -onym.

(zoology) Any of the formal names for a taxon, including the valid name (i.e. the senior synonym).


abdominal

en-adj

abdominal (comparative more abdominal, superlative most abdominal)

more abdominal (comparative)
most abdominal (superlative)

First attested in 1746. From New Latin abdōminālis, from Latin abdōmen. Equivalent to abdomin- + -al. Compare French abdominal.

(ichthyology) Having the ventral fins under the abdomen and behind the pectoral fins.

(ichthyology) Ventral, in describing a fin.

(zoology, obsolete) Belonging to the order Abdominales of fish.


abdominal

(zoology, obsolete) A fish of the order Abdominales.


abdomen

First attested in 1541. Borrowed from Middle French abdomen, from Latin abdomen, possibly from abdō (“conceal”), from ab (“away”) + -dō (“put, place”).

(zoology, entomology) The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda.

abdomen

posterior section of an arthropod's body


abdomen

From Dutch abdomen, from Middle French abdomen, from Latin abdōmen, possibly from abdō (“conceal”), from ab (“away”) + -do (“put, place”).

(zoology, entomology) the posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other


abdomen

ابدومن (Jawi)

Borrowed from English abdomen, from Middle French abdomen, from Latin abdomen, possibly from abdō (“conceal”), from ab (“away”) + -dō (“put, place”).


abdomen

head

abdomen n (definite singular abdomenet, indefinite plural abdomen or abdomina, definite plural abdomena or abdomenene or abdominaene)

abdomenet (definite singular)
abdomen (indefinite plural)
abdomina (indefinite plural)
abdomena (definite plural)
abdomenene (definite plural)
abdominaene (definite plural)

NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «abdomen».ogg

From Latin abdōmen (“belly, abdomen; gluttony”), possibly from both abdō (“I hide, conceal”), from ab- (“from, away, off”), from ab (“from, away from, on, in”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) (+ the ending *dō (“put”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”)) + and from -men (forms neuter nouns), from Proto-Italic *-men, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ (creates action nouns or result nouns).

der

(zoology, entomology) abdomen (the posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda)


pie

From Hindi पाहि (pāhi, “migrant farmer, passer-through”), from Sanskrit पार्श्व (pārśva, “side, vicinity”).

der

(zoology) Ellipsis of pie-dog: an Indian breed, a stray dog in Indian contexts.


cod

cozi (plural)
cod (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
codul (accusative definite nominative singular)
cozi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
cozii (accusative definite nominative plural)
cod (indefinite singular)
codului (definite singular)
cozi (indefinite plural)
cozilor (definite plural)
codule (singular vocative)
cozilor (plural vocative)


abominable snowman

en-noun

abominable snowman (plural abominable snowmen)

First attested in 1921. Calque of Tibetan མི་སྡུག་གངས་མི (mi sdug gangs mi), from མི་སྡུག (mi sdug, “repulsive, unlovely, ugly, hideous”) and གངས་མི (gangs mi, “snowman”).

calque

མི་སྡུག་གངས་མི

(cryptozoology, often capitalized) A humanoid or apelike animal said to exist in the Himalayas.


sasquatch

Borrowed from Halkomelem sásq’ets (“hairy man”).

bor+

(cryptozoology) A large hairy humanoid creature of western North America.


yowie

Borrowed from Gamilaraay yuwi (“dream spirit”).

The white population claimed that an escaped panther from a travelling circus was the culprit; others thought that a Yowie was responsible.

1986, Bruce Pascoe, “The Slaughters of the Bulumwaal Butcher”, in Anita Heiss, Peter Minter, editors, Macquarie PEN Anthology of Aboriginal Literature, Allen & Unwin, published 2008, page 101:

(Australia, cryptozoology) An ape-like monster or animal said to exist in parts of eastern Australia.


yeti

→ Portuguese: iéti

Borrowed from Tibetan གཡའ་དྲེད (g.ya' dred, “rock bear”), compound of གཡའ (g.ya', “rocky or rocky place”) and དྲེད (dred, “bear”).

There is no doubt that the Sherpas accept the fact that the Yeti really exists. But then they believe just as confidently that their gods live in comfort on the summit of Mount Everest. We found it quite impossible to divorce the Yeti from the supernatural.

1962, Edmund Hillary, Desmond Doig, “Into the Mingbo Valley”, in High in the Thin Cold Air: The Story of the Himalayan Expedition, led by Sir Edmund Hillary, sponsored by World Book Encyclopedia, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 131:

(cryptozoology) An unidentified humanoid animal said to live in the Himalayas.


yeti

yeti (nominative singular)
yetiové (nominative plural)
yeti (nominative plural)
yetiho (genitive singular)
yetiů (genitive plural)
yetich (genitive plural)
yetimu (dative singular)
yetiům (dative plural)
yetim (dative plural)
yetiho (accusative singular)
yetie (accusative plural)
yeti (accusative plural)
yeti (singular vocative)
yetiové (plural vocative)
yeti (plural vocative)
yetim (locative singular)
yetiích (locative plural)
yetich (locative plural)
yetim (instrumental singular)
yetii (instrumental plural)
yetimi (instrumental plural)


yeti

nl-noun

yeti m (plural yeti's, diminutive yetietje n)

yeti's (plural)
yetietje (diminutive neuter)

Probably borrowed from English yeti, from Tibetan གཡའ་དྲེད (g.ya' dred, “rock bear”), compound of གཡའ (g.ya', “rocky or rocky place”) and དྲེད (dred, “bear”).


yeti

From Tibetan གཡའ་དྲེད (g.ya' dred, “rock bear”), compound of གཡའ (g.ya', “rocky or rocky place”) and དྲེད (dred, “bear”).

(cryptozoology) yeti (an unidentified humanoid animal said to live in the Himalayas)


yeti

(cryptozoology) yeti, abominable snowman (unidentified humanoid animal said to live in the Himalayas)


yeti

yeti (nominative singular)
yetiovia (nominative plural)
yetiho (genitive singular)
yetiov (genitive plural)
yetimu (dative singular)
yetiom (dative plural)
yetiho (accusative singular)
yetiov (accusative plural)
yetim (locative singular)
yetioch (locative plural)
yetim (instrumental singular)
yetiami (instrumental plural)

Derived from Tibetan གཡའ་དྲེད (g.ya' dred, “rock bear”), compound of གཡའ (g.ya', “rocky or rocky place”) and དྲེད (dred, “bear”).


yeti

head

yeti (definite accusative yetiyi, plural yetiler)

yetiyi (accusative definite)
yetiler (plural)
yeti (nominative singular)
yetiler (nominative plural)
yetiyi (accusative definite singular)
yetileri (accusative definite plural)
yetiye (dative singular)
yetilere (dative plural)
yetide (locative singular)
yetilerde (locative plural)
yetiden (ablative singular)
yetilerden (ablative plural)
yetinin (genitive singular)
yetilerin (genitive plural)


nu

From Proto-Tai *ʰnuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai หนู (nǔu), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨶᩪ, Lao ໜູ (nū), Tai Dam ꪘꪴ, Lü ᦐᦴ (ṅuu), Shan ၼူ (nǔu), Zhuang nou, Saek หนู่.


Bigfoot

August/September 1958, originally Big Foot, big + foot, relating to the large size of its supposed footprints relative to human footprints.

This imprint was made either Wednesday night or early Thursday morning by "Big Foot".

[1958 October 6, Andrew Genzoli, “Huge Foot Prints Hold Mystery Of Friendly Bluff Creek Giant”, in Humboldt Times, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-06-11:

Stories of “Bigfoot,” an eight-foot denizen of the forest in Northern California’s wild Trinity County, are among the main topics of conversation in that area. He is supposedly an Indian or half-breed who has reverted to an animal existence. A footprint believed to be his was measured by a Redding shoe store owner and found to be size 24!

1961 July 1, “Big deal”, in Boot and Shoe Recorder, volume 160, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Chilton Company, →OCLC, The Last Word, page 68, column 3:

Some Earth people believe Bigfoot lives in underground caves; others believe Bigfoot is connected with extraterrestrials; still others believe Bigfoot is a spirit that can sometimes manifest in form.

1994, Sun Bear, Wabun Wind, Shawnodese, “A Dream Language of the Earth”, in Dreaming with the Wheel: How to Interpret and Work with your Dreams Using the Medicine Wheel, Fireside, →ISBN, page 145:

Then there are the sharp divisions of opinion about whether Bigfoot is a Gigantopithecus or a Neanderthal or some other hominid.

2016, Bryan Sykes, “The Guru”, in Bigfoot, Yeti, and the Last Neanderthal: A Geneticist’s Search for Modern Apemen, Disinformation Books, →ISBN, part II, page 173:

Many enthusiasts believe that Bigfoot is not some sort of undiscovered hominid, but rather a mystical being that moves between dimensions.

2019, Christopher D. Bader, Joseph O. Baker, “Bigfoot: Undiscovered Primate or Interdimensional Spirit?”, in Deviance Management: Insiders, Outsiders, Hiders, and Drifters, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 77:

(cryptozoology, folklore) A very large, hairy, humanoid creature, similar to the yeti, said to live in the wilderness areas of the United States and Canada, especially the Pacific Northwest.

بيغ فوت

unidentified yeti-like animal (individual creature)


Bigfoot

en-noun

Bigfoot (plural Bigfoot or Bigfeet or Bigfoots)

Bigfoot (plural)
Bigfeet (plural)
Bigfoots (plural)

My answer to those who believe that all Bigfoot are just huge cuddly Ewoks is to remind them that there is plenty of evidence that every member of the great apes family […] has exhibited hostility […].

2007, Matthew Scott Hansen, The Shadowkiller: A Novel, page 434:

The striking news on the appearance of a Bigfoot on Taibai Mountain in Xi'an, Shaanxi Provnice^([sic – meaning Province]) recently spread among local residents of Mei County located near the foot of Taibai Mountain. Is Taibai Mountain really home to a Bigfoot?
Who encountered the Bigfoot on Taibai Mountain?
Reporters interviewed many residents of Mei County, and their accounts varied.

2010 October 15, “Bigfoot sighted on Taibai Mountain”, in 叶欣, editor, People's Daily, archived from the original on 2015-05-23:

(cryptozoology, folklore) An individual creature of this type.


morph

Back-formation from morphism. Attested since the 1950s. See also morphology.

Briefly, the yellow morphic males can change their status from paired to satellite and from satellite to the paired one. However, they cannot cross into the status of the red morph.

2010, T.J. Pandian, Sexuality in Fishes, page 51:

(zoology) A variety of a species, distinguishable from other individuals of the species by morphology or behaviour.


wall

From Middle English wal, from Old English weall (“wall, dike, earthwork, rampart, dam, rocky shore, cliff”), from Proto-West Germanic *wall (“wall, rampart, entrenchment”), from Latin vallum (“wall, rampart, entrenchment, palisade”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”).
Perhaps conflated with waw (“a wall within a house or dwelling, a room partition”), from Middle English wawe, from Old English wāg, wāh (“an interior wall, divider”), see waw.
Cognate with North Frisian wal (“wall”), Saterland Frisian Waal (“wall, rampart, mound”), Dutch wal (“wall, rampart, embankment”), German Wall (“rampart, mound, embankment”), Swedish vall (“mound, wall, bank”). More at wallow, walk.

cog

the apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

There is definitely some sort of lump on the back wall of my throat (right side).

1982 April 24, Matthew Ross, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 15:

The epidermal cells of the capsule wall of Jubulopsis, with nodose "trigones" at the angles, are very reminiscent of what one finds in Frullania spp.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, pages 4-5:

(anatomy, zoology, botany) A dividing or containing structure in an organ or cavity.

պատ

anatomy, zoology, botany: divisive or containing structure


mental

c. 1727, from Latin mentum (“the chin”) + -al.

Audio (US)

(zootomy) A plate or scale covering the mentum or chin of a fish or reptile.


bot

From Dutch bot, from Middle Dutch bot. Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *buttaz.


bit

head

bit (definite accusative biti, plural bitler)

biti (accusative definite)
bitler (plural)
bit (nominative singular)
bitler (nominative plural)
biti (accusative definite singular)
bitleri (accusative definite plural)
bite (dative singular)
bitlere (dative plural)
bitte (locative singular)
bitlerde (locative plural)
bitten (ablative singular)
bitlerden (ablative plural)
bitin (genitive singular)
bitlerin (genitive plural)
bitim (first-person nominative singular)
bitlerim (first-person nominative singular)
bitin (nominative second-person singular)
bitlerin (nominative second-person singular)
biti (nominative singular third-person)
bitleri (nominative singular third-person)
bitimiz (first-person nominative plural)
bitlerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
bitiniz (nominative plural second-person)
bitleriniz (nominative plural second-person)
bitleri (nominative plural third-person)
bitimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
bitlerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
bitini (accusative definite second-person singular)
bitlerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
bitini (accusative definite singular third-person)
bitlerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
bitimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
bitlerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
bitinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
bitlerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
bitlerini (accusative definite plural third-person)
bitime (dative first-person singular)
bitlerime (dative first-person singular)
bitine (dative second-person singular)
bitlerine (dative second-person singular)
bitine (dative singular third-person)
bitlerine (dative singular third-person)
bitimize (dative first-person plural)
bitlerimize (dative first-person plural)
bitinize (dative plural second-person)
bitlerinize (dative plural second-person)
bitlerine (dative plural third-person)
bitimde (first-person locative singular)
bitlerimde (first-person locative singular)
bitinde (locative second-person singular)
bitlerinde (locative second-person singular)
bitinde (locative singular third-person)
bitlerinde (locative singular third-person)
bitimizde (first-person locative plural)
bitlerimizde (first-person locative plural)
bitinizde (locative plural second-person)
bitlerinizde (locative plural second-person)
bitlerinde (locative plural third-person)
bitimden (ablative first-person singular)
bitlerimden (ablative first-person singular)
bitinden (ablative second-person singular)
bitlerinden (ablative second-person singular)
bitinden (ablative singular third-person)
bitlerinden (ablative singular third-person)
bitimizden (ablative first-person plural)
bitlerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
bitinizden (ablative plural second-person)
bitlerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
bitlerinden (ablative plural third-person)
bitimin (first-person genitive singular)
bitlerimin (first-person genitive singular)
bitinin (genitive second-person singular)
bitlerinin (genitive second-person singular)
bitinin (genitive singular third-person)
bitlerinin (genitive singular third-person)
bitimizin (first-person genitive plural)
bitlerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
bitinizin (genitive plural second-person)
bitlerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
bitlerinin (genitive plural third-person)
bitim (first-person singular)
bitlerim (first-person singular)
bitsin (second-person singular)
bitlersin (second-person singular)
bit (singular third-person)
bittir (singular third-person)
bitler (singular third-person)
bitlerdir (singular third-person)
bitiz (first-person plural)
bitleriz (first-person plural)
bitsiniz (plural second-person)
bitlersiniz (plural second-person)
bitler (plural third-person)
bitlerdir (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish بیت, بت, from Proto-Turkic *bït (“louse”).


bit

bit (definite accusative bidi, plural bitler)

bidi (accusative definite)
bitler (plural)
bit (nominative singular)
bitler (nominative plural)
bidi (accusative singular)
bitleri (accusative plural)
bidiň (genitive singular)
bitleriň (genitive plural)
bide (dative singular)
bitlere (dative plural)
bitde (locative singular)
bitlerde (locative plural)
bitden (ablative singular)
bitlerden (ablative plural)

From Proto-Turkic *bït (“louse”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (bit), Turkish bit (“louse”), etc.


copula

→ Indonesian: kopula

(ichthyology, dated) a connective segment or piece of tissue, usually of cartilage, chiefly in fish


regular

en-adj

regular (comparative more regular, superlative most regular)

more regular (comparative)
most regular (superlative)

/ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/

/ˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/

[ˈɹɛɡ.jɪ̈.lɚ]

From Middle English reguler, from Anglo-Norman reguler, Middle French reguler, regulier, and their source, Latin rēgulāris (“continuing rules for guidance”), from rēgula (“rule”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“move in a straight line”).

register

not etymologically related but has semantic associations

a regular flower; a regular sea urchin

(botany, zoology) Having all the parts of the same kind alike in size and shape.

säännöllinen

botany, zoology: having all the parts of the same kind alike in size and shape


lupus

la-noun

lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension

lupī (genitive)
lupa (feminine)
lupus (nominative singular)
lupī (nominative plural)
lupī (genitive singular)
lupōrum (genitive plural)
lupō (dative singular)
lupīs (dative plural)
lupum (accusative singular)
lupōs (accusative plural)
lupō (ablative singular)
lupīs (ablative plural)
lupe (singular vocative)
lupī (plural vocative)

Aragonese: lupo

Aromanian: lup, lupu

Asturian: llobu

Catalan: llop

Corsican: lupu

Emilian: låuv

Franco-Provençal: lop

Friulian: lôf

Istro-Romanian: lup

Italian: lupo

Leonese: llobu

Ligurian: lô

Megleno-Romanian: lup

Mirandese: lhobo

Neapolitan: lupo

Occitan: lop

desctree

Old French: leu, lou, lu
Middle French: leu
⇒ French: à la queue leu leu
⇒ Middle French: loup
French: loup
Haitian Creole: lou
⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu
⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou
→ English: loo; Loup

Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo
Galician: lobo
Portuguese: lobo

Old Lombard:

Lombard: lov, loff, lóff

desc

Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu

Piedmontese: luv

Romanian: lup

Romansch: luf

Sardinian: lupu

Sicilian: lupu
→ Maltese: lupu

desctree

Spanish: lobo
→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover
→ Tagalog: lobo

Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo
→ Italian: lovo

Walloon: leu

→ Esperanto: lupo

→ Interlingua: lupo

→ Volapük: lup

→ Catalan: lupus

→ English: Lupus, lupus

→ Finnish: lupus

→ French: lupus

→ Galician: lupus

→ Italian: lupus

→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo

→ Romanian: lupus

→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus

→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus

From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.
Cognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).

agnum lupō ēripere velle

to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf

Homō hominī lupus.

(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:


pupa

head

pupa m (genitive singular pupa, nominative plural pupaí)

pupa (genitive singular)
pupaí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
pupa (indefinite singular)
pupaí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a phupa (indefinite singular)
a phupaí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an pupa (definite singular)
na pupaí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an phupa (definite singular)
na bpupaí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an bpupa (definite singular)
don phupa (definite singular)
leis na pupaí (definite plural)
pupa
phupa
bpupa

Borrowed from New Latin, from a special use of Latin pūpa.


lama

lamí (adjective)
nominative
lama (singular)
lamy (plural)
genitive
lamy (singular)
lám (plural)
dative
lame (singular)
lamám (plural)
accusative
lamu (singular)
locative
lamách (plural)
instrumental
lamou (singular)
lamami (plural)

Borrowed from Spanish llama, from Quechua llama.


helicopter

→ Amharic: ሄሊኮፕተር (helikoptär)

→ Cebuano: helikopter

→ Malay: helikopter

→ Tagalog: helikopter

/ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɜɹ/

Borrowed from French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”). Doublet of helicopteron. By surface analysis, helico- + -pter. The dragonfly sense is from a dragonfly's ability to hover and fly in any direction, like the flying machine.

af

(zoology, slang) A dragonfly; so named due to its resemblance to a helicopter (sense 1).


finger

Sranan Tongo: finga

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fynger, finger, from Old English finger (“finger”), from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz (“finger”), from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós, from *pénkʷe (“five”). Compare West Frisian finger, Low German/German Finger, Dutch vinger, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish finger; also Old Armenian հինգեր-որդ (hinger-ord, “fifth”). More at five.

sormi

something similar in function to a finger

(zoology) Similar or similar-looking extremities in other animals, particularly:

The lower, smaller segment of an arthropod claw.

One of the supporting structures of wings in birds, bats, etc. evolved from earlier toes or fingers.

One of the slender bony structures before the pectoral fins of gurnards and sea robins (Triglidae).

The starfish eats with five fingers.

1915, Eleanor Stackhouse Atkinson, “The How and Why Library”, in Life, Section VIII:


mill

en-verb

mill (third-person singular simple present mills, present participle milling, simple past and past participle milled)

mills (present singular third-person)
milling (participle present)
milled (participle past)
milled (past)

From Middle English mylne, mille, from Old English mylen, from Proto-West Germanic *mulīnu (“mill”), from Late Latin molīna, molīnum, molīnus (“mill”), from Latin molō (“grind, mill”, verb), closely allied to Proto-Germanic *muljaną (“to crush, grind”) (see English millstone). Perhaps cognate with Milne (a surname). Doublet of moline and moulin.

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

(zoology, of air-breathing creatures) To swim underwater.

(zoology, of a whale) To swim suddenly in a new direction.


turtle

Modification of Middle English tortou, tortu, from Old French tortüe (under the influence of Middle English turtel, turtur (“turtledove”), see Etymology 2 below), from Medieval Latin tortuca (compare Spanish tortuga), the same source of tortoise (see there for more). Displaced native Old English byrdling.

(zoology, US, Canada) Any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body. See also tortoise.

(zoology, Australia, British, specifically) A marine reptile of that order.


Polycystidea

(obsolete, zoology) A division of Gregarinia including those that have two or more internal divisions of the body.

(obsolete, zoology) A species of large brown algae, Cystophora polycystidea found in Spencer Gulf, South Australia.


polycystine

en-adj

polycystine (comparative more polycystine, superlative most polycystine)

more polycystine (comparative)
most polycystine (superlative)

(zoology) Pertaining to the Polycystina.


ray

Via Middle English, borrowed from Old French rai, from Latin radius (“staff, stake, spoke”). Doublet of radius.

(zoology) A rib-like reinforcement of bone or cartilage in a fish's fin.

(zoology) One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran.


salmon

en-noun

salmon (countable and uncountable, plural salmon or salmons)

→ Burmese: ဆယ်လမွန် (hcaila.mwan)

→ Hebrew: סַלְמוֹן (sálmon)

→ Hindi: सामन (sāman)

→ Japanese: サーモン (sāmon)

From Middle English samoun, samon, saumon, from Anglo-Norman saumon, from Old French saumon, from Latin salmō, salmōn-. Displaced native Middle English lax, from Old English leax (“salmon”). The unpronounced l was later inserted to make the word appear closer to its Latin root (compare words like debt, indict, receipt for the same spelling Latinizations).
The verb sense “ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street” alludes to salmon swimming upstream against the flow of a river to spawn.

m-g

grilled salmon

salmon paté

salmon steak

(zoology) One of several species of fish, typically of the Salmoninae subfamily, brownish above with silvery sides and delicate pinkish-orange flesh; they ascend rivers to spawn.


hammerhead

(zoology) Any of various sharks of the genera Sphyrna or Zygaena having the eyes set on projections from the sides of the head, which gives it a hammer shape.

(zoology) A fresh-water fish; the hogsucker, Hypentelium nigricans, in the sucker family Catostomidae.

(zoology) An African fruit bat, the hammer-headed fruit bat, Hypsignathus monstrosus, so called from its large blunt nozzle.

Scopus umbretta
Scopus umbretta#Translingual


ściana

pl-noun

ściana f (diminutive ścianka, related adjective ścianowy or ścienny)

ścianka (diminutive)
ścianowy (adjective)
ścienny (adjective)
ściana (nominative singular)
ściany (nominative plural)
ściany (genitive singular)
ścian (genitive plural)
ścianie (dative singular)
ścianom (dative plural)
ścianę (accusative singular)
ściany (accusative plural)
ścianą (instrumental singular)
ścianami (instrumental plural)
ścianie (locative singular)
ścianach (locative plural)
ściano (singular vocative)
ściany (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish ściana. Sense 9 is a semantic loan from English wall.

sl

(anatomy, botany, zoology) wall (divisive or containing structure in an organ or cavity)


rat

From Middle English ratte, rat, rotte, from Old English rætt, from Proto-West Germanic *ratt, from Proto-Germanic *rattaz, *rattō (compare West Frisian rôt, Dutch rat), of uncertain origin, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch, gnaw”). However, the rat may have been unknown in Northern Europe in antiquity, and the Proto-Germanic word may have referred to a different animal; see *rattaz for more. Attestation of this family of words begins in the 12th century.
Some of the Germanic cognates show considerable consonant variation, e.g. Middle Low German ratte, radde; Middle High German rate, ratte, ratze. The irregularity may be symptomatic of a late dispersal of the word, although Kroonen accounts for it with a Proto-Germanic stem *raþō nom., *ruttaz gen., showing both ablaut and a Kluge's law alternation, with the variation arising from varying remodellings in the descendants. Kroonen states that this requires a Proto-Indo-European etymon in final *t and is incompatible with the usual derivation from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch, gnaw”).

der

Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.

2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 200:

(zoology) A medium-sized rodent belonging to the genus Rattus.


rat

nl-noun

rat f (plural ratten, diminutive ratje n)

ratten (plural)
ratje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: rot

Jersey Dutch: rot

Negerhollands: rotto, roto

→ Virgin Islands Creole: roto (dated)

q

→? Kari'na: alata (via Sranantongo, possibly from Spanish)

→? Saramaccan: alátu (possibly from Spanish)

From Middle Dutch ratte, from Old Dutch *rato, *roto, from Frankish *ratt, *rato, from Proto-Germanic *rattaz (“rat”). Related to Old High German rato.

(zoology) a rat, medium-sized rodent belonging to the genus Rattus, or of certain other genera in the family Muridae


pico

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: tlölpico

→ Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec: píko

Inherited from Old Spanish bico, from Latin beccus, from Gaulish *bekkos, from Proto-Celtic *bekkos. It was phonetically influenced by the verb picar (“to peck”). Compare English beak.


matka

matka (nominative singular)
matcě (dual nominative)
matky (nominative plural)
matky (genitive singular)
matkú (dual genitive)
matek (genitive plural)
matcě (dative singular)
matkama (dative dual)
matkám (dative plural)
matku (accusative singular)
matcě (accusative dual)
matky (accusative plural)
matko (singular vocative)
matcě (dual vocative)
matky (plural vocative)
matcě (locative singular)
matkú (dual locative)
matkách (locative plural)
matkú (instrumental singular)
matkama (dual instrumental)
matkami (instrumental plural)

Czech: matka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *matъka. By surface analysis, máti + -ka.

(zoology) queen (female insect that begets others)


matka

pl-noun

matka f (diminutive mateczka or mateńka or matuchna or (dialectal) matynka or matusia or matuś, augmentative matczysko, related adjective matczyny)

mateczka (diminutive)
mateńka (diminutive)
matuchna (diminutive)
matynka (dialectal diminutive)
matusia (diminutive)
matuś (diminutive)
matczysko (augmentative)
matczyny (adjective)

Inherited from Old Polish matka. By surface analysis, mać + -ka.

(countable, zoology) queen (female insect that begets others)


coral

From Old Galician-Portuguese coral, borrowed from Old French coral, from Latin corallium, from Ancient Greek κοράλλιον (korállion).

mando a miña Neta Tareija sanches todo o aliofar et coraes que eu ey et os esmaltes et o meu Reliquario esmaltado et a miña Cunca de plata dourada et as miñas doas de ouro

1395, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 160:

I send to my granddaughter Tareixa Sanchez all of my pearls and corals, and the enamels, and my enamelled relicary and my gilded silver bowl and my beads of gold


coral

Inherited from Old Spanish coral, from Old French coral, from Latin corallium, from Ancient Greek κοράλλιον (korállion).


fish

en-noun

fish (countable and uncountable, plural fish or fishes)

Sranan Tongo: fisi

→ Chinook Jargon: pish

→ Finnish: fisu

→ Zulu: ufishi

From Middle English fisch, from Old English fisċ (“fish”), from Proto-West Germanic *fisk, from Proto-Germanic *fiskaz (“fish”) (compare West Frisian fisk, Dutch vis, German Fisch, Danish fisk, Norwegian fisk, Swedish fisk, Icelandic fiskur), from Proto-Indo-European *peysk- (“fish”) (compare Irish iasc, Latin piscis).

a woman needs a man like a fish needs a bicycle

a woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle

give a man a fish and you feed him for a day

teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime

neither fish, flesh, nor good red herring

neither fish nor flesh, nor good red herring

the cat would eat fish but would not wet her feet

what does that have to do with the price of fish

(zoology) A paraphyletic grouping of the following extant taxonomic groups:

Class Myxini, the hagfish (no vertebrae)

Class Petromyzontida, the lampreys (no jaw)

Within infraphylum Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates (also including Tetrapoda))

Class Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous fish such as sharks and rays

aquatic cold-blooded vertabrae with gills


acanthopteri

Via translingual Acanthopteri, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”) + πτερόν (pterón, “feather”).

(zoology) A group of teleostean fishes having spiny fins. See Acanthopterygii.


festoon

(acarology) Any of a series of wrinkles on the backs of some ticks.


pen

From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.
Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.

cog

you don't dip your pen in the company inkwell

you don't dip your pen in the company's ink

A pen is nothing more complex than a decalcified shell, so one mutation of the genes that controlled calcification could be all it took.

2017, Danna Staaf, Squid Empire, ForeEdge, →ISBN, page 117:

(zoology) The internal cartilage skeleton of a squid, shaped like a pen.


leg

head

leg c (singular definite legen, plural indefinite lege)

legen (definite singular)
lege (indefinite plural)
leg (indefinite nominative singular)
legen (definite nominative singular)
lege (indefinite nominative plural)
legene (definite nominative plural)
legs (genitive indefinite singular)
legens (definite genitive singular)
leges (genitive indefinite plural)
legenes (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse leikr, from Proto-Germanic *laikaz.


polygamy

en-noun

polygamy (countable and uncountable, plural polygamies)

Recorded since 1591, from Late Latin polygamia, from Ancient Greek πολυγαμία (polugamía), itself from πολύγαμος (polúgamos, “married to many”), from πολύς (polús, “many”) + γάμος (gámos, “marriage”). Relates to modern prefix and suffix poly- + -gamy.

تَعَدُّدُ الأَزْوَاج

the having of a plurality of socially bonded sexual partners at the same time

usually understood as “polygyny”, but may include “polyandry”, unlike تَعَدُّدُ الزَّوْجَات (taʕaddudu z-zawjāt)

An insect queen actually practices polygamy only one day, while for an alpha-male defending his harem is the very essence of both his status and polygamy.

(zoology) The state or habit of having more than one sexual mate.

polygamie

zoology: the state or habit of having more than one mate


tribe

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English tribe, tribu, from Old French tribu, from Latin tribus. Doublet of tribus.

(zoology) A group of apes who live and work together.


egg

egg (countable and uncountable, plural eggs)

→⇒ German: not the yellow from the egg

Jamaican Creole: eg

Sranan Tongo: eksi

The noun is derived from Middle English eg, egg, egge (“egg of a domestic or wild fowl; egg of a snake”) [and other forms] (originally Northern England and Northeast Midlands), from Old Norse egg (“egg”), from Proto-Germanic *ajją (“egg”) (by Holtzmann’s law), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), probably from *h₂éwis (“bird”), from *h₂ew- (“to clothe oneself, dress; to be dressed”) (in the sense of an animal clothed in feathers). Doublet of huevo, oeuf, and ovum.
The native English ey [and other forms] (plural eyren) (obsolete), from Old English ǣġ, is also derived from Proto-Germanic *ajją. It survived into at least c. 16th century before being fully displaced by egg.
The verb is derived from the noun.

ou

thing which looks like or is shaped like an egg

egg

person regarded as having not yet realized they are transgender, or who has not yet come out as transgender or is in the early stages of transitioning; one’s lack of awareness that one is transgender

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs

there's more than one way to cook an egg

there's more than one way to crack an egg

We made a big omelette with three eggs. (countable)

I should determine the minimal amount of egg required to make good mayonnaise. (uncountable)

The farmer offered me some fresh eggs, but I told him I was allergic to egg. (countable, uncountable)

There after the images and reliques were orderly disposed, the great Priest compassed about with divers pictures according to the fashion of the Ægyptians, did dedicate and consecrate with certaine prayers a fair ship made very cunningly, and purified the same with a torch, an egge, and sulphur; […]

1566, Apuleius, “The Eleventh Booke”, in William Adlington, transl., The Golden Ass of Apuleius Translated out of Latin […], London: David Nutt […], published 1893, →OCLC, page 239:

[T]hey are vp already, and cal for Egges and butter, they vvil avvay preſently.

c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

I was 5 moneth in France before I saw a boyled or roasted egge.

1665–1667, John Lauder; Lord Fountainhall, “Journal in France 1665–1667”, in Donald Crawford, editor, Journals of Sir John Lauder, Lord Fountainhall, with His Observations on Public Affairs and Other Memoranda 1665–1676 […] (Publications of the Scottish History Society; XXXVI), Edinburgh: […] University Press by T[homas] and A[rchibald] Constable for the Scottish History Society, published May 1900, →OCLC, page 52:

Eggs are perhaps the higheſt, moſt nouriſhing and exalted of all animal Food, and moſt indigeſtible, becauſe no body can take and digeſt the ſame Quantity of them as of other Food.

1732, John Arbuthnot, “Practical Rules of Diet in the Various Constitutions and Diseases of Human Bodies. Chapter I. Of the Different Qualities and Effects of Alimentary Substances. 4. Anti-acid, or Contrary to Acidity or Sourness.”, in An Essay Concerning the Nature of Aliments, and the Choice of Them, According to the Different Constitutions of Human Bodies. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[acob] Tonson […], →OCLC, page 255:

A round, black, shining face is hers, so glossy as to suggest the idea that she might have washed over with white of eggs, like one of her own tea rusks.

1851 June – 1852 April, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “An Evening in Uncle Tom’s Cabin”, in Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life among the Lowly, volume I, Boston, Mass.: John P[unchard] Jewett & Company; Cleveland, Oh.: Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, published 20 March 1852, →OCLC, page 39:

An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, housing the embryo within a membrane or shell during its development.

(specifically, countable) The edible egg (sense 1.1) of a domestic fowl such as a duck, goose, or, especially, a chicken; (uncountable) the contents of such an egg or eggs used as food.

кӏвтӏагъь

edible egg of a domestic fowl; the contents of such an egg or eggs used as food

(by extension, countable) A food item shaped to resemble an egg (sense 1.1.1), such as a chocolate egg.

The Eſtrich (whoſe fethers are fayrer thẽ yᵉ wynges of the ſparow hauke) whẽ he hath layd his egges vpon the grounde, he bredeth them in the duſt, and forgetteth them: ſo that they might be troden with feete, or broken with ſomme wilde beaſt.

1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar), Myles Coverdale, transl., Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible), [Cologne or Marburg]: [Eucharius Cervicornus and Johannes Soter?], →OCLC, Job xxxix:[13–15], folio xi, recto, column 2:

[T]hinke him as a Serpents egge, / VVhich hatch'd, vvould as his kinde grovv mischieuous; / And kill him in the ſhell.

1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 114, column 1:

An egg properly is that, out of a part vvhereof a living creature is produced, and the reſidue is meat for it, improperly that is an egg out of the vvhole vvhereof, a living creature is bred, as the eggs of Spiders, Ants, Flies.

1657, Samuel Purchas, “Of the Generation of Bees”, in A Theatre of Politicall Flying-Insects. […], London: […] R. I. for Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, pages 47–48:

[T]here is one claſs of quadrupeds that ſeems entirely left to chance, […] Theſe are the quadrupeds that are brought forth from the egg, ſuch as the lizard, the tortoiſe, and the crocodile. […] [T]he numerous brood of eggs are, vvithout farther ſolicitude, buried in the vvarm ſands of the ſhore, and the heat of the ſun alone is left to bring them to perfection.

1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Quadrupeds in General, Compared to Man”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume II, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, pages 311–312:

The egg is, as we have said, a kind of exposed uterus, and place in which the embryo is fashioned: for it performs the office of the uterus and enfolds the chick until the due time of its exclusion arrive, when the creature is born perfect.

1847, William Harvey, “Anatomical Exercises on the Generation of Animals; to which are Added, Essays on Parturition; on the Membranes, and Fluids of the Uterus; and on Conception. [On Animal Generation. Exercise the Twenty-third: Of the Exclusion of the Chick, or the Birth from the Egg.]”, in Robert Willis, transl., The Works of William Harvey, M.D., London: […] Sydenham Society, →OCLC, page 264:

In the Fall into the division of labor, [Claude] Lévi-Strauss sees the great hunters trading women to create the exogamous bonds of one hunting band with another. The egg is, but the sperm does. The tiny sperm may be furious in its activity, but its highway to the egg is paved by the alkaline trail set down by the Great Mother.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, “Hominization”, in The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture (A Lindisfarne Series Book), New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, part 2 (The Transformations of Prehistory), page 80:

Although they serve the same function across the plant, animal and fungal kingdoms, sperm and eggs vary wildly in their structure and biochemistry, even among closely related species. […] Many genes that determine sperm and egg structure and biochemistry are rapidly evolving, constantly changing the chemical environment necessary for the sperm to bind to the egg.

2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-22, abstract, page 210:

(also cytology) Synonym of ovum (“the female gamete of an animal”); an egg cell.


egg

is-noun

egg n (genitive singular eggs, nominative plural egg)

eggs (genitive singular)
egg (nominative plural)
egg (indefinite nominative singular)
eggið (definite nominative singular)
egg (indefinite nominative plural)
eggin (definite nominative plural)
egg (accusative indefinite singular)
eggið (accusative definite singular)
egg (accusative indefinite plural)
eggin (accusative definite plural)
eggi (dative indefinite singular)
egginu (dative definite singular)
eggjum (dative indefinite plural)
eggjunum (dative definite plural)
eggs (genitive indefinite singular)
eggsins (definite genitive singular)
eggja (genitive indefinite plural)
eggjanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse egg, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Cognate with Old English ǣġ (obsolete English ey); Swedish ägg; Old High German ei (German Ei).


had

hadźik (diminutive)
had (nominative singular)
hadaj (dual nominative)
hady (nominative plural)
hada (genitive singular)
hadow (dual genitive)
hadow (genitive plural)
hadej (dative singular)
hadomaj (dative dual)
hadam (dative plural)
hada (accusative singular)
hadaj (accusative dual)
hady (accusative plural)
hadom (instrumental singular)
hadomaj (dual instrumental)
hadami (instrumental plural)
hadźe (locative singular)
hadomaj (dual locative)
hadach (locative plural)
hado (singular vocative)
hadźe (singular vocative)
hadaj (dual vocative)
hady (plural vocative)


polyeidic

From poly- + Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form”) + -ic.

(zoology) Passing through several distinct larval forms; having several distinct kinds of young.


pinnate

en-adj

pinnate (comparative more pinnate, superlative most pinnate)

more pinnate (comparative)
most pinnate (superlative)

From Latin pinnātus (“feathered”), from pinna (“feather”).

the pinnate grouse, or prairie chicken

(zoology) Having a winglike tuft of long feathers on each side of the neck.

криловиден

having a winglike tuft of long feathers on each side of the neck


race

desctree

→ German: Rasse
→ Czech: rasa
→ Polish: rasa
→ Serbo-Croatian: rasa
→ Slovene: rasa

→ Romanian: rasă

As Middle French rasse "entirety of ancestors and descendants of the same family or people", from ca. 1480,
spelling Middle French race recorded in 1549, from Italian razza (13th century), of uncertain origin (more at razza).


law

law (nominative singular)
lawaj (dual nominative)
lawy (nominative plural)
lawa (genitive singular)
lawow (dual genitive)
lawow (genitive plural)
lawej (dative singular)
lawomaj (dative dual)
lawam (dative plural)
lawa (accusative singular)
lawaj (accusative dual)
lawy (accusative plural)
lawom (instrumental singular)
lawomaj (dual instrumental)
lawami (instrumental plural)
lawje (locative singular)
lawomaj (dual locative)
lawach (locative plural)
lawo (singular vocative)
lawje (singular vocative)
lawaj (dual vocative)
lawy (plural vocative)


oar

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

From Middle English ore (“oar”), from Old English ār, from Proto-West Germanic *airu, from Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”). Cognate with Old Norse ár.

(zoology) An oar-like swimming organ of various invertebrates.


gregarious

en-adj

gregarious (comparative more gregarious, superlative most gregarious)

more gregarious (comparative)
most gregarious (superlative)

/ɡɹɪˈɡɛə.ɹɪ.əs/

/ɡɹɪˈɡɛɚ.i.əs/

The Fin-Back is not gregarious. He seems a whale-hater, as some men are man-haters.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 32, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 151:

Rabbits are lively at nightfall, and when evening rain drives them underground they still feel gregarious.

(zoology) Of animals that travel in herds or packs.


tooth

Wales (usually), Midlands (especially Birmingham)

From Middle English tothe, toth, tooth, from Old English tōþ (“tooth”), from Proto-West Germanic *tanþ, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs (“tooth”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth”). Related to tusk. Doublet of dent, dens, tind, and tine.
Cognates:
Cognate with Scots tuth, tuith (“tooth”), North Frisian toth, tos (“tooth”), Dutch tand (“tooth”), German Zahn (“tooth”), Danish tand (“tooth”), Swedish tand (“tooth”), Norwegian tann (“tooth”), Icelandic tönn (“tooth”), Welsh dant (“tooth”), Latin dēns (“tooth”), Lithuanian dantìs (“tooth”), Ancient Greek ὀδούς (odoús)/ὀδών (odṓn, “tooth”), Armenian ատամ (atam), Persian دندان (dandân), Sanskrit दत् (dát), दन्त (danta, “tooth”).

Species XXXVI. Obliquaria bullata— (Unio bullata) […] Found at the falls of Ohio; rare; breadth almost two inches; cardinal and lamellar teeth like preceding species; apices rounded, decorticated, but not truncated

1832, Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, A monograph of the fluviatile bivalve shells of the river Ohio, page 43:

(zoology) A projection or point in other parts of the body resembling the tooth of a vertebrate animal.


hair

en-noun

hair (countable and uncountable, plural hairs)

From Middle English her, heer, hær, from Old English hǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą (“hair”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hier (“hair”), West Frisian hier (“hair”), Dutch haar (“hair”), German Low German Haar (“hair”), German Haar (“hair”), Swedish, Danish and Norwegian hår (“hair”), Icelandic hár (“hair”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English cheveler, chevelere (“hair”), borrowed from Old French chevelëure (“hair, head-hair, coiffure, wig”).
The modern spelling with ai is not a regular representation of the vowel developed from Middle English. Rather, it is from Middle English here (haircloth) influenced by Old French haire.

noncog

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

(zoology, countable) A slender outgrowth from the chitinous cuticle of insects, spiders, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. Such hairs are totally unlike those of vertebrates in structure, composition, and mode of growth.

karva

zoology: slender outgrowth from the chitinous cuticle of invertebrates


fit

is-noun

fit f (genitive singular fitjar, nominative plural fitjar)

fitjar (genitive singular)
fitjar (nominative plural)
fit (indefinite nominative singular)
fitin (definite nominative singular)
fitjar (indefinite nominative plural)
fitjarnar (definite nominative plural)
fit (accusative indefinite singular)
fitina (accusative definite singular)
fitjar (accusative indefinite plural)
fitjarnar (accusative definite plural)
fit (dative indefinite singular)
fitinni (dative definite singular)
fitjum (dative indefinite plural)
fitjunum (dative definite plural)
fitjar (genitive indefinite singular)
fitjarinnar (definite genitive singular)
fitja (genitive indefinite plural)
fitjanna (definite genitive plural)

(zoology) web, interdigital webbing, a membrane that connects the digits of an animal


fit

fitjar (genitive)
fitjar (plural)
fit (indefinite nominative singular)
fitin (definite nominative singular)
fitjar (indefinite nominative plural)
fitjarnar (definite nominative plural)
fit (accusative indefinite singular)
fitina (accusative definite singular)
fitjar (accusative indefinite plural)
fitjarnar (accusative definite plural)
fit (dative indefinite singular)
fitinni (dative definite singular)
fitjum (dative indefinite plural)
fitjunum (dative definite plural)
fitjar (genitive indefinite singular)
fitjarinnar (definite genitive singular)
fitja (genitive indefinite plural)
fitjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fit

(zoology, anatomy) webbed foot (of swimming birds)


brush

en-noun

brush (countable and uncountable, plural brushes)

From Middle English brusshe, from Old French broisse (Modern French brosse), from Vulgar Latin *brustia, from Frankish *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”), or also Vulgar Latin *bruscia, from Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“tuft, thicket, underbrush”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrusgo-.

der

(zoology) A tuft of hair on the mandibles.


button

→ German: Button

→ Hindi: बटन (baṭan)

→ Gujarati: બટન (baṭan)

→ Korean: 버튼 (beoteun)

→ Maori: pātene

→ Marathi: बटण (baṭaṇ)

→ Urdu: بَٹَن (baṭan)

From Middle English boton, botoun, from Old French boton (Modern French bouton), from Old French bouter, boter (“to push; thrust”), ultimately from a Germanic language. Doublet of Biden and beat. More at butt.

(zoology) Pedicle; the attachment point for antlers in cervids.


down

en-adj

down (comparative more down, superlative most down)

tlb

(chiefly predicative, but see usage notes)

more down (comparative)
most down (superlative)

From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. "down(wards)".

noncog

a down cow

(veterinary medicine, of a cow) Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.


stork

From Old Swedish storker, from Old Norse storkr.


acorn

From Middle English acorn, an alteration (after corn) of earlier *akern, from Old English æcern (“acorn, oak-mast”), from Proto-West Germanic *akarn, from Proto-Germanic *akraną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂égrō (“berry”). Cognate with Scots aicorn, Saterland Frisian Äkkene, Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Welsh eirin (“plums”), Breton irin (“plum”), Irish airne (“sloe”), Lithuanian úoga, Russian я́года (jágoda, “berry”), etc. Not related to Old English āc (“oak”) or corn (“corn, seed”).

even a blind pig can find an acorn once in a while

even a blind squirrel finds an acorn every now and then

even a blind squirrel finds an acorn every once in a while


simple

en-adj

simple (comparative simpler or more simple, superlative simplest or most simple)

simpler (comparative)
more simple (comparative)
simplest (superlative)
most simple (superlative)

Inherited from Middle English symple, simple, from Old French and French simple, from Latin simplex (“simple”, literally “onefold”) (as opposed to duplex (“double”, literally “twofold”)), from semel (“the same”) + plicō (“I fold”). See same and fold. Compare single, singular, simultaneous, etc.
Partially displaced native English onefold.

der

a simple ascidian

(heading, technical) Structurally uncomplicated.

(zoology) Consisting of a single individual or zooid; not compound.


throw

en-verb

throw (third-person singular simple present throws, present participle throwing, simple past threw or (nonstandard) throwed, past participle thrown or (nonstandard) throwed or (nonstandard) threw)

throws (present singular third-person)
throwing (participle present)
threw (past)
throwed (nonstandard past)
thrown (participle past)
throwed (nonstandard participle past)
threw (nonstandard participle past)
throw (infinitive)

From Middle English throwen, thrawen, from Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist”), from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by twisting, twist, turn”).
Cognate with Scots thraw (“to twist, turn, throw”), West Frisian triuwe (“to push”), Dutch draaien (“to turn”), Low German draien, dreien (“to turn (in a lathe)”), German drehen (“to turn”).
Displaced warp as the word for hurling and was displaced by warp as the word for twisting.

hedh

to cause an object to move rapidly through the air

heitellä

repeatedly, continuously and/or indifferently

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick

throw enough mud at the wall, some of it will stick

throw nickels around like manhole covers

throw oneself on someone's mercy not have a pot to piss in or a window to throw it out of

throw one's hotdog down someone's hallway

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

trust someone as far as one could throw them

At the end of the normal gestation period the cow threw two calf mummies as large as cats.

1916, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, volume 49:

"They can kid twice a year if things are right, and they often throw twins and triplets."

2008, Monte Dwyer, Red In The Centre: The Australian Bush Through Urban Eyes, Monyer Pty Ltd, page 200:

(transitive, veterinary medicine) Of animals: to give birth to (young).


throw

(veterinary medicine) The act of giving birth in animals, especially in cows.


collar

Inherited from Late Latin collāre (“an unattached item worn about the neck”), from Latin collāris.

inh+

(zoology) a collar (a band of feathers, fur, or scales about the neck of an animal that is of a contrasting color to what is near it)


pos

pos (nominative singular)
posaj (dual nominative)
posy (nominative plural)
posa (genitive singular)
posow (dual genitive)
posow (genitive plural)
posej (dative singular)
posomaj (dative dual)
posam (dative plural)
posa (accusative singular)
posaj (accusative dual)
posy (accusative plural)
posom (instrumental singular)
posomaj (dual instrumental)
posami (instrumental plural)
posu (locative singular)
posomaj (dual locative)
posach (locative plural)
poso (singular vocative)
posaj (dual vocative)
posy (plural vocative)


penis

From late 17th century. Learned borrowing from Latin pēnis (“tail, penis”), from Proto-Indo-European *pes- (“penis”). Displaced native English pintle, tarse.

नुन्नी

jocular reference while talking to a child

urogenital fold - embryological precursors

(zoology) A similar erectile sexual organ present in the cloacas of male amniotes.


fly

From Middle English flye, flie, from Old English flȳġe, flēoge (“a fly”), from Proto-Germanic *fleugǭ (“a fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”). Cognate with Scots flee, Saterland Frisian Fljooge, Dutch vlieg, German Low German Fleeg, German Fliege, Danish flue, Norwegian Bokmål flue, Norwegian Nynorsk fluge, Swedish fluga, Icelandic fluga.

you attract more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

Devils Lake is where I began my career as a limnologist in 1964, studying the lake’s neotenic salamanders and chironomids, or midge flies. […] The Devils Lake Basin is an endorheic, or closed, basin covering about 9,800 square kilometers in northeastern North Dakota.

2012 January 14, Douglas Larson, “Runaway Devils Lake”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, page 46:

en:true fly, any insect of order Diptera

(zoology) Any insect of the order Diptera; characterized by having two wings (except for some wingless species), also called true flies.


gyre

Borrowed from Latin gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle; ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend; to curve”). The English word is a doublet of gyro and gyrus.

der

(anatomy, zootomy, archaic) Synonym of gyrus (“a fold or ridge on the cerebral cortex of the brain”)


orbit

en-noun

orbit (countable and uncountable, plural orbits)

Inherited from Middle English orbite, orbita, from Latin orbita (“course, track, impression, mark”).

គន្លង

kɔɔkŭənlɔɔng

(anatomy) The bony cavity in the skull of a vertebrate containing the eyeball.

(zoology) The area around the eye of a bird or other animal.


skein

From Middle English skayne, from Old French escaigne (Modern French écagne), probably of Proto-Celtic origin, from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to split off”). Compare Irish scáinne (“skein, clew”).

High above the swallows and 2 miles or so out into the Channel was a skein of geese, probably brent geese on the first day of their emigration from the estuaries of the Channel coast towards the high Arctic tundra of Spitsbergen or Russia.

2018, Laurence Rose, The Long Spring, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 111:

(zoology, UK, dialect, collective) A group of wild fowl (e.g. geese, goslings) when they are in flight.


ram

From Middle English ram, rom, ramme, from Old English ramm (“ram”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“ram”), possibly from *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Rom (“ram”), Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), German Ramm, Ramme (“ram”). Possibly akin also to Danish ram (“sharp; acrid; rank”), Swedish ram (“strong; perfect”), Faroese ramur (“strong; competent”), Icelandic rammur (“strong; sturdy”).

(zoology, agriculture) A male sheep, typically uncastrated.


lake

laken (definite singular)
laker (indefinite plural)
lakene (definite plural)

(fish) burbot, eelpout (species Lota lota)


lake

laken (definite singular)
lakar (indefinite plural)
lakane (definite plural)


plate

→ Maori: pereti

→ Hindi: प्लेट (pleṭ)

From Middle English plate, from Old French plate, from Medieval Latin plata, from Vulgar Latin *plat(t)us, from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, flat, wide”). Compare Spanish plato.

(herpetology) Any of various larger scales found in some reptiles.


convoluted

en-adj

convoluted (comparative more convoluted, superlative most convoluted)

more convoluted (comparative)
most convoluted (superlative)

[B]y the means of theſe hooks, and Spikes it [a tapeworm in the intestines] might faſten it ſelf, and ſo prevent it's too eaſy ejection out of the body. For it being ſo very long, and large too, and it's body in many places winding, and convoluted, the deſcent of the fæces upon all occaſions would be apt to carry it out with them; had it not this hold, [...]

1683 April 20, Edward Tyson, “Lumbricus Latus, or a Discourse Read before the Royal Society of the Joynted Worm, […]”, in Philosophical Transactions. Giving Some Accompt of the Present Undertakings, Studies and Labours of the Ingenious in Many Considerable Parts of the World, volume XIII, number 146, Oxford: Printed at the Theater, and are to be sold by Moses Pit […], and Samuel Smith […], →OCLC, page 130:

The figure [of the constellation Anguilla] is that of the common eel in that convoluted ſtate in which it is uſually ſeen when in motion.

1754, John Hill, “ANGUILLA, the Eel”, in Urania: Or, A Compleat View of the Heavens; Containing the Antient and Modern Astronomy, in the Form of a Dictionary: […], London: Printed for T. Gardner, […], →OCLC:

Petals five, generally reflected, the three exterior ovate, hollowed; the two interior longer and convoluted.

1822, William P[aul] C[rillon] Barton, “Listera convallarioides”, in A Flora of North America. […], volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea […], →OCLC, page 8:

Among the various fossil shells which abound in the secondary beds, and which are not known in a recent state, one of the most remarkable and numerous is the Genus Ammonites, commonly called Cornu Ammonis from its resemblance to the convoluted horn generally represented on the head of Jupiter Ammon in mythological history. [...] This Genus, which consists of discoid, convoluted, chambered shells with contiguous volutions, the margins of whose septa are lobated and sinuous, and whose siphunculus is dorsal, is very nearly related to Nautilus, [...]

1831 March 31, George Brettingham Sowerby, “Ammonites”, in Number XXXIV. … of the Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells, for the Use of Students in Conchology and Geology, London: G. B. Sowerby, […], →OCLC:

The great mass of cloud filling the head of the gulf had long red smears amongst its convoluted folds of grey and black, as of a floating mantle stained with blood.

1904 January 29 – October 7, Joseph Conrad, chapter VII, in Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, London, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers […], published 1904, →OCLC, part third (The Lighthouse), page 347:

Closer examination, however, begins to reveal the brain as having a much more intricate structure and sophisticated organization [...]. The large convoluted (and most porridge-like) portion on top is referred to as the cerebrum.

1989, Roger Penrose, “Real Brains and Model Brains”, in The Emperor’s New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and The Laws of Physics, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN; paperback edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1999, →ISBN, page 483:

Everyone is familiar with the Hollywood cliche of the 'mad scientist' crouching over convoluted glassware in which fuming green liquids bubble away.

1999, “Make Me a Molecule”, in Nina Hall, editor, The Age of the Molecule, London: Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 14:

(chiefly anatomy, zoology) Having numerous overlapping coils or folds; convolute.

ոլորապտույտ

having numerous overlapping coils or folds


vein

From Middle English veyne, borrowed from Anglo-Norman veine, from Latin vēna (“a blood-vessel; vein; artery”) of uncertain origin. See vēna for more. Doublet of vena. Displaced native edre, from ǣdre (whence edder).

жи́ла

stripe or streak in stone or other material

(zoology) The nervure of an insect’s wing.


hamulus

(zoology) A hooked barbicel of a feather.


asteroid

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀστεροειδής (asteroeidḗs), from ἀστήρ (astḗr, “star”) + εἶδος (eîdos, “form”). Analyzable as aster- + -oid.

(zoology) Any member of the taxonomic class Asteroidea; a starfish.


masked

en-adj

masked (comparative more masked, superlative most masked)

more masked (comparative)
most masked (superlative)

(zoology, of birds) Having the anterior part of the head differing decidedly in color from the rest of the plumage.


upeygan

Diceros bicornis
Diceros bicornis#Translingual

(zoology) A borele or two-horned black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis).


neurula

From New Latin neurula, diminutive in -ula of Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “sinew, tendon, cord”).

der

(zoology) An embryo of vertebrates in the stage when the primitive band is first developed.

Neurula

zoology: an embryo of vertebrates in the state when the primitive band is first developed


mask

Borrowed from Middle French masque (“a covering to hide or protect the face”), from Italian maschera (“mask, disguise”), from (a byform of, see it for more) Medieval Latin masca, mascha, a borrowing of Proto-West Germanic *maskā from which English mesh is regularly inherited.
Replaced Old English grīma (“mask”), whence grime, and displaced non-native Middle English viser (“visor, mask”) borrowed from Old French viser, visier.
Compare also Hebrew מַסֵּכָה (masseiḥa).

maski

two-color bitmap used to create transparency in an image

(zoology) The lower lip of the larva of a dragonfly, modified so as to form a prehensile organ.

pyyntinaamari

zoology: lower lip of the larva of a dragon fly


stop

From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn, from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.
Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.

cog

The stop in a bulldog's face is very marked.

(zoology) The depression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.


嘴

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:くちばし

Originally from 口(くち) (kuchi, “mouth”) + 端(はし) (hashi, “tip; edge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
First attested around 850 CE.
The kanji is composed of 口(くち) (kuchi) and 觜(はし) (hashi, “beak; bill”). See also Etymology 2.

ja-com

1999 March 1, “スピック [Spick]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:

It frightens faint-hearted opponents with its blaring wails and massive bill.

くちばしがとても大きく、大声で鳴き気の弱い相手を驚かせる。

Kuchibashi ga totemo ōkiku, ōgoe de naki kinoyowai aite o odorokaseru.

1999 March 1, “ディッグ・ビーク [Dig Beak]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:

It attacks with its beak as its long body coils like a snake.

ヘビのように長い体をまるめ、回転しながらくちばしで攻撃。

Hebi no yō ni nagai karada o marume, kaiten shi nagara kuchibashi de kōgeki.

1999 October 17, “くちばしヘビ [Beaked Snake]”, in BOOSTER 5, Konami:

It attacks by pecking at its opponent with its huge beak while constricting them with its long body.

相手を長い体で締め上げ、大きなくちばしでつついて攻撃。

Aite o nagai karada de shimeage, ōkina kuchibashi de tsutsuite kōgeki.


嘴

Cognate with 端(はし) (hashi, “tip; edge”).


hapuku

(zoology) A large and valuable food fish, Polyprion oxygeneios, in the family Serranidae of New Zealand.


acaudate

From a- (“without”) + caudate (“having a tail”).


ile

īle (canonical neuter)
īlis (genitive)
īle (nominative singular)
īlia (nominative plural)
īlis (genitive singular)
īlium (genitive plural)
īlī (dative singular)
īlibus (dative plural)
īle (accusative singular)
īlia (accusative plural)
īlī (ablative singular)
īlibus (ablative plural)
īle (singular vocative)
īlia (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: ijë

French: iles

Romanian: ie

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliaris

Galician: illar

Old Spanish: ixar

Spanish: ijar, ijal

Portuguese: ilhal

Sardinian: iğğáre, illári

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliarica

Galician: illarga

Portuguese: ilharga

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iliata

Catalan: illada

Spanish: ijada

desctree

→ French: jade
→ Catalan: jade
→ English: jade
→ German: Jade
→ Italian: giada
→ Portuguese: jade
→ Romanian: jad
→ Spanish: jade

Most likely from Ancient Greek εἰλεός (eileós, “colic”), from εἰλέω (eiléō, “throng, press”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“turn, wind, round”), same source as with Old Armenian գելում (gelum).

der

(chiefly in the plural, anatomy, zootomy) intestines, guts, entrails


ich

Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.

1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:

(ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.


polygoneutic

From poly- + Ancient Greek γονεύω (goneúō, “to produce offspring”) + -tic, from γονεύς (goneús, “parent”).

af

(zoology) Having two or more broods in a season.


igloo

From Inuktitut ᐃᒡᓗ (iclo, “house, building (of any kind)”), from Proto-Inuit *ǝɣlu, from Proto-Eskimo *ǝŋlu.

bor

(zoology) A cavity, or excavation, made in the snow by a seal, over its breathing hole in the sea ice.


甩

This is a late character, and the divergent readings in various topolects may or may not be cognate.
The Mandarin reading came from 摔 (shuāi, “to fling, to throw, to fall down”), which can be traced to *srut in Old Chinese. It can be compared with Tibetan རུད (rud, “slip, that which has slipped down, falling mass, landslides”), རུད་རུད་པོ (rud rud po, “loosened, disintegrated, rough”).
The Cantonese reading is probably unrelated, though it may reflect a descendant of the archaic pronunciation *rut and hence be cognate with Mandarin. Either way, it is evidently from the same source as Min Nan 甪 (lut, “to come off, to slip loose”), Zhuang lot (“to come loose and drop off (due to loose tying)”), and Vietnamese lột (“to peel, to strip off”). May be compared with Tibetan ལོད་པོ (lod po, “relaxed, careless”), ལྷོད་པོ (lhod po, “relaxed, loose, lax”), and the Chinese word family of 兌 (*lot, > 脫 (“to come off”), 蛻 (“exuviae”)). Unlikely to be related to 落 (luò, “to fall, to drop off”).

cog

(dialectal Mandarin, of insects, zoology, etc.) to lay (eggs)


labour

en-noun

labour (countable and uncountable, plural labours)

term-label

(British spelling, Canadian spelling, Australian spelling, New Zealand spelling)

From Middle English labor, labour, labur, from Old French labor (modern labeur) and its etymon, Latin labor.


memory

en-noun

memory (countable and uncountable, plural memories)

From Anglo-Norman memorie, Old French memoire etc., from Latin memoria (“the faculty of remembering, remembrance, memory, a historical account”), from memor (“mindful, remembering”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mer- (to remember), related to Ancient Greek μνήμη (mnḗmē, “memory”) μέρμερος (mérmeros, “anxious”), μέριμνα (mérimna, “care, thought”), Old English mimor (“mindful, remembering”). More at mimmer. Doublet of memoir and memoria. Displaced native Old English ġemynd.

cog

(zoology, collective, rare) A term of venery for a social group of elephants, normally called a herd.


ABC

en-noun

ABC (countable and uncountable, plural ABCs)

(cryptozoology) Initialism of alien big cat.


syzygy

syzygy (countable and uncountable, plural syzygies)

From Late Latin sȳzygia (“conjunction”), from Ancient Greek συζυγία (suzugía, “union, yoke, pair”). This word was recognized as English in 1847 (in its astronomical meaning).

der

When two or more arm-joints meet transversely by a rigid suture, and only the upper one is pinnule-bearing, those joints form a syzygy, whether their apposed faces are striated, dotted, or smooth.

1900, Karl Alfred von Zittel, Text-book of Paleontology: Protozoa. Coelentrata (zoophytes). Echinodermata. Vermes (Worms). Molluscoidea. Mollusca. Arthropoda (articulates):

These include syzygy, fusion of larvae or adults of flatworms, fusion of buds of some Tunicata, somatic fertilization (fusion of spermatozoa with somatic cells), composite zygotes of some Cestoda and Insecta, and fusion of cells in various tissues.

2018, Richard E. Blackwelder, The Diversity of Animal Reproduction, CRC Press, →ISBN:

(zoology) The association of two protozoa end-to-end or laterally for the purpose of asexual exchange of genetic material.


livro

Kabuverdianu: libru

→ Tetum: livru

From Old Galician-Portuguese livro, an early borrowing from Latin librum. Cognate with Galician, Spanish, and Italian libro, Catalan llibre, Occitan libre and French livre.

(zoology) omasum (third part of the stomach of ruminants, which internally has numerous folds)


due

dua (definite singular)
duen (definite singular)
duer (indefinite plural)
duene (definite plural)

From Old Norse dúfa (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“hazy, unclear, dark; deep”). Cognate with Danish due, Swedish duva, Icelandic dúfa, Dutch duif, German Taube, English dove. The sense “politician favouring conciliation” is a semantic loan from English dove.

inh

hej, øves leg af kælne duer på disse ørkenbrune tuer!

hey, practice playing with cuddly pigeons on these desert brown tufts!

(zoology) a dove or pigeon; culver (one of several birds of the family Columbidae, which consists of more than 300 species)

(humorous, in the plural) a couple that is very much in love

lukk opp for mig, min søster, min elskede, min due, min fullkomne

(Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Song of Songs 5,2:

open up to me, my sister, my beloved, my dove, my perfect

(poetic) a dove (term of endearment for a woman one holds dearly)

fredens due

(figuratively) a symbol of peace and reconciliation

den selvsamme «hauk» som tapte for den republikanske «duen» Hatfield ved senatsvalget

the very "hawk" who lost to the Republican "dove" Hatfield in the Senate election

senator Edward M. Kennedy – en av «duene» i amerikansk politikk når det gjelder Vietnam-krigen

Senator Edward M. Kennedy - one of the "doves" of American politics in the Vietnam War

(politics) a dove (a person favouring conciliation and negotiation rather than conflict)

[Jesus] så Guds ånd komme ned over seg som en due

(Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Matt 3,16:

[Jesus] saw the Spirit of God coming down upon him like a dove

Guds klarheds due sidder skjult; ve, aldrig over mig den dalte

The dove of God's clarity sits hidden; woe, never upon me it fell

(Christianity) a symbol of the Holy Spirit

vær kloke som slanger og troskyldige som duer

(Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Matt 10,16:

be wise as serpents and faithful as doves

enkelte av disse blide duer var tilmed så foretaksomme at de ikke nøyde seg med å legge brev og aviser fra seg på det store bordet i hålen

1949, Johan Borgen, Jenny og påfuglen, page 34:

some of these cheerful pigeons were even so enterprising that they did not content themselves with leaving letters and newspapers on the big table in the hole

falk og due, due og falk

1874, Henrik Ibsen, Peer Gynt, page 161:

leke hauk og due

play hawk and dove; a game in which one participant tries to catch the other


NHL

Nenets Herding Laika
Nenets Herding Laika#English

(zoology, cynology) Initialism of Nenets Herding Laika.


tentacle

From New Latin tentāculum, from tentō. Doublet of tentaculum.

With one blow of the axe, Captain Nemo cut this formidable tentacle, that slid wriggling down the ladder.

1873, Jules Verne, “The “Devil Fish.”—Terrible Encounter.—Crushed to Death in the Arms of a Monster.—Ned Land saved by the Captain.—“Only Revenge”.”, in [anonymous], transl., Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas; […], James R. Osgood edition, Boston, Mass.: Geo[rge] M[urray] Smith & Co., →OCLC, part II, page 274:

1897, H. G. Wells, The Crystal Egg
The body was small, but fitted with two bunches of prehensile organs, like long tentacles, immediately under the mouth.

1936, H. P. Lovecraft, The Shadow Out of Time
Surmounting this head were four slender grey stalks bearing flower-like appendages, whilst from its nether side dangled eight greenish antennae or tentacles.

(zoology) An elongated, boneless, flexible organ or limb of some animals, such as the octopus and squid.


labyrinth

From Middle English laberynt, laberynthe, from Latin labyrinthus, from Ancient Greek λᾰβύρῐνθος (labúrinthos, “a maze”).

der

(anatomy) A tortuous anatomical structure:

(zoology) An accessory respiratory organ of certain fish.


uva

ūva (canonical feminine)
ūvae (genitive)
ūva (nominative singular)
ūvae (nominative plural)
ūvae (genitive singular)
ūvārum (genitive plural)
ūvae (dative singular)
ūvīs (dative plural)
ūvam (accusative singular)
ūvās (accusative plural)
ūvā (ablative singular)
ūvīs (ablative plural)
ūva (singular vocative)
ūvae (plural vocative)

Aromanian: auã

Asturian: uva

Corsican: uva

Dalmatian: joiva

Esperanto: uvo

French: uve

Friulian: ue, uve

Galician: uva

Italian: uva

Occitan: uva

Piedmontese: uva

Portuguese: uva

Romanian: auă

Romansch: iva, ieuva, uia, iua

Sardinian: úa

Sicilian: uva

Spanish: uva

Venetan: ua, ùa, ova

→ English: uva

From Proto-Italic *oiwā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (“a kind of tree with berries”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄα (óa, “Sorbus domestica”), Old Armenian այգի (aygi, “grapevine”), Proto-Germanic *ī(h)waz (“yew”), Proto-Slavic *jь̀va (“willow”).

cog

(zoology) A cluster, like a bunch of grapes, which bees form when they alight in swarming.


鋏

Originally the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 鋏む (hasamu, “to be tightly between two things, to be inserted in between””), itself apparently deriving from hasa (“narrowness between other things”, likely cognate with 細 hoso, “skinny, narrowness within the thing itself”) + auxiliary suffix む (mu, “to be or become like something”).
Cognate and homophonic with 挟, 挿 (hasami): “being stuck in between other things”.

空鋏

working a pair of scissors to make the sound of cutting, without actually cutting anything

木鋏

long shears for pruning, such as for a hedge

銀葉鋏

tweezers for holding silver leaf in traditional Japanese incense

唐鋏

western-style scissors, with a pivot in the center and forming an X shape

握り鋏

traditional Japanese shears, with a join at the back end and forming a U shape

鋏を入れる

to put the scissors in → to cut with scissors; to punch a ticket; to trim vegetation or hair

(zootomy) pincers or claws as found on a crab, lobster, or other arthropod


鳽

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kŋeːn, *ŋeːn, *ŋ̊ʰreːŋ, *ŋreːɡ): phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

Han compound

(zoology) bittern, and certain other few species of heron


lavaret

en-noun

lavaret (countable and uncountable, plural lavarets)

From French lavaret, from Late Latin levaricinus.

Coregonus lavaretus
Coregonus lavaretus#Translingual

(zoology) A European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus, found in the mountain lakes of Sweden, Germany, and Switzerland, and in the archipelago in the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland.


sex

en-verb

sex (third-person singular simple present sexes, present participle sexing, simple past and past participle sexed)

sexes (present singular third-person)
sexing (participle present)
sexed (participle past)
sexed (past)

From Middle English sexe (“gender”), from Old French sexe (“genitals; gender”), from Latin sexus (“gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals”), from Proto-Italic *seksus, from Proto-Indo-European *séksus, from *sek- (“to cut, cut off, sever”), thus meaning "section, division" (into male and female).
Usage for women influenced by Middle French le sexe (“women”) (attested in 1580). Usage for third and additional sexes calqued from French troisième sexe, referring to masculine women in 1817 and homosexuals in 1847. First used by Lord Byron and others in English in reference to Catholic clergy. Usage for sexual intercourse first attested in 1899 (in the writings of H. G. Wells).

der

If we sex the cattle, which is the only way to get at their value, we shall have... 400 cows, 200 yearling heifers.

1878 January 19, Spirit of the Times, 659/2:

The ability to sex birds invasively through laparoscopy initially solved that problem, but now it is even easier and less stressful on the birds through testing the DNA of their feathers or blood.

2007, Clive Roots, Domestication, page 75:

Semen usually is sexed at 90% accuracy, and the sexes of calves at birth almost always are in that statistical range if averaged over […]

2013, David J Patterson, Michael T. Smith, Beef Heifer Development, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice,, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN:

(zoology, transitive) To determine the sex of (an animal).


acephal

From Ancient Greek ἀκέφαλος (aképhalos, “headless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”). Compare French acéphale, Late Latin acephalus.


acephalocyst

From Ancient Greek ἀκέφαλος (aképhalos, “headless”) + κύστις (kústis, “bladder”).

(zoology) A larval entozoön in the form of a subglobular or oval vesicle, or hydatid, filled with fluid, sometimes found in the tissues of man and the lower animals; -- so called from the absence of a head or visible organs on the vesicle. These cysts are the immature stages of certain tapeworms. Also applied to similar cysts of different origin.


acephalous

en-adj

acephalous (comparative more acephalous, superlative most acephalous)

more acephalous (comparative)
most acephalous (superlative)

From French acéphale, from Ancient Greek ἀκέφαλος (aképhalos, “headless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”). By surface analysis, a- + -cephalous.

(zoology, applied to bivalve mollusks) Without a distinct head.


acerous

From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + κέρας (kéras, “horn”).

an acerous mollusk

an acerous insect


acetabulum

en-noun

acetabulum (plural acetabulums or acetabula)

Learned borrowing from Latin acētābulum (“vinegar saucer, 1/48 congius”), from acētum (“vinegar”) + -bulum (“-bule: a vessel for”).

lbor

(zootomy) The cavity in which the leg of an insect is inserted at its articulation with the body.

acetàbul

(zootomy) A sucker of the sepia or cuttlefish and related animals.

(zootomy) The large posterior sucker of the leeches.

(zootomy) One of the lobes of the placenta in ruminating animals.


acetabulum

la-noun

acētābulum n (genitive acētābulī); second declension

acētābulum (canonical neuter)
acētābulī (genitive)
acētābulum (nominative singular)
acētābula (nominative plural)
acētābulī (genitive singular)
acētābulōrum (genitive plural)
acētābulō (dative singular)
acētābulīs (dative plural)
acētābulum (accusative singular)
acētābula (accusative plural)
acētābulō (ablative singular)
acētābulīs (ablative plural)
acētābulum (singular vocative)
acētābula (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: acetàbul

→ English: acetabulum

→ Esperanto: acetabulo

→ French: acétabule, acétabulum

Italian: acetabolo

→ Portuguese: acetábulo

→ Romanian: acetabul

→ Russian: ацетабул (acetabul)

→ Spanish: acetábulo

[äkeːˈt̪äːbʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From acētum (“vinegar”) + -bulum (“a vessel for”).

suffix

(zootomy) acetabulum, the suckers or cavities in the arms of polypi


mating

The progeny of backcrosses and intercrosses will form some incrosses and some matings of other types.

1981, Henry Foster, The Mouse in Biomedical Research, page 96:

(zoology) Pairing of organisms for copulation.

Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.

2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:


voi

Vietnamese: voi

voi dữ

vòi voi

Voi mẹp.

The elephant lies down (to allow a human to mount).

bành voi

Voi thăóc (kêu, róu᷄).


voi

Italian: Lo Voi (from “lu voi”)

From Vulgar Latin *boem, from Latin bōs, bovem. Compare Italian bue.


torus

la-noun

torus m (genitive torī); second declension

torī (genitive)
torus (nominative singular)
torī (nominative plural)
torī (genitive singular)
torōrum (genitive plural)
torō (dative singular)
torīs (dative plural)
torum (accusative singular)
torōs (accusative plural)
torō (ablative singular)
torīs (ablative plural)
tore (singular vocative)
torī (plural vocative)

Asturian: tueru

→ English: torus

French: toron, tore (borrowed)

→ Galician: toro

→ Portuguese: toro

Spanish: tuero, toro (borrowed)

Of uncertain origin.
De Vaan proposes a tentative derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *torh₂-os, from *terh₂- (“to cross, go through”). This is formally and semantically solid, though there is little linguistic evidence to support it.
An older theory by Leumann derived the word from sternō (“to spread”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”), but the connection between the two Latin words is semantically dubious (one would expect torus to be derived from a verb meaning "to turn" or "to knot" rather than "to spread").

der

(zootomy, usually poetic) muscular or fleshly part, muscle, brawn of an animal bodies

(transferred sense, botany) bulge, thickness of trees


sole

→ Hebrew: סוֹל (sol)

From Middle English sole, soole, from Old English sole, solu. Reinforced by Anglo-Norman sole, Old French sole, from Vulgar Latin *sola (“bottom of the shoe”, also “flatfish”), from Latin solea (“sandal, bottom of the shoe”), from Proto-Indo-European *swol- (“sole”). Cognate with Dutch zool (“sole, tread”), German Sohle (“sole, insole, bottom, floor”), Danish sål (“sole”), Icelandic sóli (“sole, outsole”), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰 (sulja, “sandal”). Related to Latin solum (“bottom, ground, soil”). More at soil.

cog

The fishermen crowding in the cafés were also waiting for the end of the storm, when the fish, reassured, would rise to the surface after the bait. Soles, hog fish and skate were returning from their nocturnal expeditions. Day was now breaking.

1952, Nikos Kazantzakis, chapter 1, in Carl Wildman, transl., Zorba the Greek, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, translation of Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά [Víos kai politeía tou Aléxi Zormpá], →ISBN, page 3:

(zoology) Solea solea, a flatfish of the family Soleidae; a true sole.


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.