charisma

en-noun

charisma (usually uncountable, plural charismas or charismata)

From Ancient Greek χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ (khárisma, “grace, favour, gift”), from χᾰρῐ́ζομαι (kharízomai, “I show favor”), from χᾰ́ρῐς (kháris, “grace”), from χαίρω (khaírō, “I am happy”). Doublet of charism.
Outside of theology, a semantic loan from German Charisma in the work of German sociologist Max Weber, originally denoting the special ability of certain leaders to inspire devotion. By the 1940s, the term was used more loosely to refer to personal charm in general.

uder

(Christianity) An extraordinary power granted by the Holy Spirit.


charisma

nl-noun

charisma n (plural charisma's or charismata)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ (khárisma).

(Christianity) charisma (gift of the Holy Spirit)


bapti

eo-head

bapti (present baptas, past baptis, future baptos, conditional baptus, volitive baptu)

baptas (present)
baptis (past)
baptos (future)
baptus (conditional)
baptu (volitive)
baptas (present)
baptis (past)
baptos (future)
baptanta (active participle present singular)
baptantaj (active participle plural present)
baptinta (active participle past singular)
baptintaj (active participle past plural)
baptonta (active future participle singular)
baptontaj (active future participle plural)
baptantan (accusative active participle present singular)
baptantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
baptintan (accusative active participle past singular)
baptintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
baptontan (accusative active future participle singular)
baptontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
baptata (participle passive present singular)
baptataj (participle passive plural present)
baptita (participle passive past singular)
baptitaj (participle passive past plural)
baptota (future participle passive singular)
baptotaj (future participle passive plural)
baptatan (accusative participle passive present singular)
baptatajn (accusative participle passive plural present)
baptitan (accusative participle passive past singular)
baptitajn (accusative participle passive past plural)
baptotan (accusative future participle passive singular)
baptotajn (accusative future participle passive plural)
baptanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
baptantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
baptinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
baptintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
baptonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
baptontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
baptanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
baptantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
baptinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
baptintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
baptonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
baptontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
baptato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
baptatoj (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
baptito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
baptitoj (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
baptoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
baptotoj (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
baptaton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
baptatojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
baptiton (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
baptitojn (accusative noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
baptoton (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
baptotojn (accusative future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)
baptante (active adverbial participle present)
baptinte (active adverbial participle past)
baptonte (active adverbial future participle)
baptate (adverbial participle passive present)
baptite (adverbial participle passive past)
baptote (adverbial future participle passive)
bapti (infinitive)
baptu (imperative)
baptus (conditional)

Ido: baptar


stigma

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”), from στίζω (stízō, “I mark”). Distantly related to stick.

(Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) A mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus's body, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically.

съигма

Christianity: mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body


stigma

nl-noun

stigma n (plural stigma's or stigmata, diminutive stigmaatje n)

stigma's (plural)
stigmata (plural)
stigmaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

(Christianity) stigma (wound on Christ's body)


stigma

stigma (indefinite nominative singular)
stigmas (genitive indefinite singular)
stigmat (definite nominative singular)
stigmats (definite genitive singular)
stigman (indefinite nominative plural)
stigmans (genitive indefinite plural)
stigmana (definite nominative plural)
stigmanas (definite genitive plural)

(Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) a stigma


tid

tīd (canonical feminine)
tīda (nominative plural)
tīde (nominative plural)
tīd (nominative singular)
tīde (nominative plural)
tīda (nominative plural)
tīd (accusative singular)
tīde (accusative singular)
tīde (accusative plural)
tīda (accusative plural)
tīde (genitive singular)
tīda (genitive plural)
tīde (dative singular)
tīdum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: tyde, tid, tide, tyd
English: tide
Scots: tide
⇒ Yola: enteete
→ Scottish Gaelic: tìde

From Proto-Germanic *tīdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *dīti- (“time, period”), from *dī- (“time”).
Cognate with Old Frisian tīd, Old Saxon tīd, Old Dutch tīt, Old High German zīt, and Old Norse tíð; see also modern cognates at tide.

der

(Christianity) the religious service held at a canonical hour, four of which were equivalent to the daylight tides


ciborium

/sɪˈbɔəɹɪəm/

From Medieval Latin cibōrium (“drinking-cup”), from Ancient Greek κιβώριον (kibṓrion, “the Egyptian water-lily’s cupulate seed pod”, or “a drinking-cup fashioned therefrom”).

der

Michael came after her, solemnly bearing the teapot like a ciborium.

(Christianity) A covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers of the Eucharist.


epistle

PIE word
 *h₁epi
The noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:
* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and
* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).
The verb is derived from the noun.

nb...

apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole

رِسَالَة

letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter

Epistle

New Testament book, extract read during a church service

The Evangiles and Acts, teach us vvhat to beleeve, but the Epiſtles of the Apoſtles vvhat to do.

a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “To Sr. G. M.”, in John Donne [the Younger], editor, Letters to Severall Persons of Honour: […], London: […] J. Fletcher for Richard Marriot, […], published 1651, →OCLC, page 106:

[T]he Doctrine of Faith, and Myſtery of Salvation, vvas more fully explained, in the Epiſtles vvrit by the Apoſtles.

1695, [John Locke], The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures, London: […] Awnsham and John Churchil, […], →OCLC, page 190:

Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?

1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360:

One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community.

رِسَالَة

one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle

The Collectes ended, the prieſt, or he that is appointed, ſhall reade the Epiſtle, in a place aſſigned for the purpoſe, ſaying. The Epiſtle of ſainct Paule written in the [blank] Chapiter of [blank] to the.

1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “The Supper of the Lorde, and the Holy Communion, Commonly Called the Masse”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio cxxij, verso:

EPISTLER, He vvho reads the Epiſtles in a Cathedral Church, &c.

1721, N[athan] Bailey, “EPISTLER”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 2:

An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist.

epistola

extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service


hamartia

en-noun

hamartia (usually uncountable, plural hamartias)

/ˌhæˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/

/ˌhɑːˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/

From Ancient Greek ἁμαρτία (hamartía, “tragic failure, sinful nature”), from the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartánō, “to miss the mark”).

der

As a consequence of the primeval peripety, the Adamic fall narrated in Genesis 3, they have all inherited the catastrophic and tragic hamartia, as it were, of original sin, the engrained powerlessness of the soul to will the good, much less to do it, along with the deep disorientation of the soul's root desire.

2020, Paul M. Blowers, Visions and Faces of the Tragic […] , Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127:


palla

id-noun

palla (plural palla-palla, first-person possessive pallaku, second-person possessive pallamu, third-person possessive pallanya)

palla-palla (plural)
pallaku (first-person possessive)
pallamu (possessive second-person)
pallanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Italian palla , from Latin palla, of uncertain origin.

(Catholicism) a cloth used to cover a chalice during services.


palla

Perhaps an extension in sense of the above lemma.

(Catholicism) a cloth used to cover a chalice during services


lectionary

(Christianity, Judaism) A book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Jewish worship on a given day or occasion.


viaticum

From Latin viāticum (“travelling-money, provisions for a journey”), from viāticus (“of a road or journey”), from via (“road”). Doublet of voyage.

der

[…]from Anglo-Saxon times there had been a deep conviction that to receive the viaticum was a virtual death sentence which would make subsequent recovery impossible.

1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (nonfiction), Folio Society; republished as Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century England, Penguin Books, 2003, →ISBN, page 37:

(especially Catholicism) The Eucharist, when given to a person who is dying or one in danger of death.


suffrage

en-noun

suffrage (usually uncountable, plural suffrages)

From Middle English suffrage (“prayers or pleas on behalf of another”), from Old French, from Medieval Latin suffragium, from Latin suffragium (“support, vote, right of voting”). The sense of "vote" or "right to vote" was directly derived from classical Latin.

der

1564, Pope Pius IV (unknown translator), Creed of Pope Pius IV
I firmly believe that there is a purgatory, and that the souls therein detained are helped by the suffrages of the faithful.

As these holy prayers and suffrages following are set forth of most godly zeal for edifying and stirring of devotion of all true faithful Christian hearts […]

1969, G. J. Cuming, A history of Anglican liturgy:

In explaining and defending suffrages for the dead, Catholic argument repeatedly involved the assumption of the importance of time.

2006, John E. Curran, Hamlet, Protestantism, and the Mourning of Contingency: Not to Be, page 86:

(countable, Christianity) A prayer, for example a prayer offered for the faithful dead.

Lastly, in this suffrage, we intercede for prisoners and captives; we "remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them."

1904, John Newton McCormick, The litany and the life: a series of studies in the litany ..., page 222:

(countable, Christianity) A short petition, as those after the creed in matins and evensong.


gens

la-noun

gēns f (genitive gentis); third declension

gēns (canonical feminine)
gentis (genitive)
gēns (nominative singular)
gentēs (nominative plural)
gentis (genitive singular)
gentium (genitive plural)
gentī (dative singular)
gentibus (dative plural)
gentem (accusative singular)
gentēs (accusative plural)
gentīs (accusative plural)
gente (ablative singular)
gentibus (ablative plural)
gēns (singular vocative)
gentēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: gintã (unusual)

Romanian: gint

Dalmatian:

ziant

Italo-Romance:

Italian: gente

desc

→ Sardinian: gente, genti, tzente, zente

Judeo-Italian: יֵינְטַה (yenəṭa /jenta/)

Neapolitan: gente

Sicilian: genti

W. Romance of N. Italy:

Friulian: int

Istriot: zento

Venetan: dente, xente, zente

Lombard: gent

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: gens

desctree

Old French: gent
French: gens m pl
Norman: gens m pl
Walloon: djin m pl

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: gent

Occitan: gent

Aragonese: chent

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: xente

Leonese: xente

Mirandese: giente

Old Galician-Portuguese: gente

Galician: xente

Portuguese: gente

Old Spanish: yente

Ladino: djente

Spanish: gente (latin influence)

Borrowings:

→ Albanian: gjinde

→ Basque: jende

→ Romanian: gintă

→ English: gens, ⇒ genticide

From Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”).
See also generō, genus, gignō. Cognate with English kind, Sanskrit जाति (jāti), Ancient Greek γένος (génos) and Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), whence English genesis.

(biblical, Christianity, Judaism) heathen, pagan


extreme unction

From extreme (“to limit, final”) + unction (“anointing”).

compound

Anointing of the Sick
Anointing of the Sick

(Christianity) The Catholic sacrament of Anointing of the Sick.


on high

From Middle English on heigh, on an heigh (“in or into heaven; up to heaven”) [and other forms], from Old English on hēagum (“on high”); hēagum is an inflected form of hēah (“high; tall”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“height; to elevate”). The English word is equivalent to on + high. Compare Dutch omhoog (“upwards, on high”), West Frisian omheech (“upwards”).

inh

Who is like vnto the Lord our God: who dwelleth on high: […]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 113:5, column 1:

The trumpet ſhall be heard on high, / The dead ſhall live, the living die, / And Muſic ſhall untune the ſky.

1687, John Dryden, “A Song for St. Cecilia’s Day, 1687”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume II, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 271:

(specifically, chiefly Christianity, literary) Up in, or to, Heaven.


oikumene

id-noun

oikuméné (first-person possessive oikumeneku, second-person possessive oikumenemu, third-person possessive oikumenenya)

oikuméné (canonical)
oikumeneku (first-person possessive)
oikumenemu (possessive second-person)
oikumenenya (possessive third-person)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek οἰκουμένη (oikouménē).

learned borrowing

(Christianity) ecumene, unification of Christianity.


camerlengo

(Roman Catholicism) camerlengo (cardinal who presides over the Apostolic Chamber and, in a pontifical interregnum, is responsible for governing the Church in the administrative field)


ordination

en-noun

ordination (countable and uncountable, plural ordinations)

From Middle French ordination, from Old French ordinacion, from Latin ordinatio.

(Christianity) The ceremony in which a priest is consecrated, considered a sacrament in the Catholic and Orthodox churches.


forma

pl-noun

forma f (diminutive foremka, related adjective formowy)

foremka (diminutive)
formowy (adjective)
forma (nominative singular)
formy (nominative plural)
formy (genitive singular)
form (genitive plural)
formie (dative singular)
formom (dative plural)
formę (accusative singular)
formy (accusative plural)
formą (instrumental singular)
formami (instrumental plural)
formie (locative singular)
formach (locative plural)
formo (singular vocative)
formy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: fòrma

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) choirstall


oration

Borrowed from Latin ōrātiō, ōrātiōnem, from ōrō (“I orate”) + -ātiō (“action (nominalizer)”). Cognate with and doublet of orison.

(Catholicism) A specific form of short, solemn prayer said by the president of the liturgical celebration on behalf of the people.


patro

From Esperanto patro, from German Pater, Italian padre, Spanish padre, all ultimately from Latin pater, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


patron saint

When Aimé Humbert joined Josephine in Paris, he visited the Inspector of Police, and was so depressed by his meeting that she sent him to the Louvre ‘to look at the wonderful painting of St Marguerite, the patron saint of purity, trampling down the hideous dragon and looking so calm and peaceful’.

2014, Helen Mathers, Patron Saint of Prostitutes: Josephine Butler and a Victorian Scandal, History Press, →ISBN:

My patron saint, St. John of Shanghai and San Francisco—also known as “St. John the Wonderworker”—is particularly noteworthy in this regard […]

2016 July 8, Wesley J. Smith, “St. John the Wonderworker”, in First Things:

Entering the tunnel, we pass a small shrine above our heads which contains a statue of St Barbara, the patron saint of tunnellers. It is traditional to have such shrines on every tunnel site.

2022 March 23, Paul Bigland, “HS2 is just 'passing through'”, in RAIL, number 953, page 41:

(Christianity) A saint conceived as the patron (protector or supporter) of a particular place, group, person, or activity, for whom or for which his or her intercession is specially invoked.

主保聖人

saint from whom a specific group claims special protection or prayer


Opus Dei

(Christianity) The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic organization composed of a prelate, secular clergy and lay people, whose mission is to spread the Catholic teaching that everyone is called to become a saint; its lay members, men and women, engage in the affairs of the world and seek to direct them "according to God's will".


convent

From Middle Dutch convent, from Old French convent, from Latin conventus.


penitence

French: pénitence

(chiefly Christianity) penitence (repentance for one's sins)


penitence

fro-noun

penitence oblique singular, f (oblique plural penitences, nominative singular penitence, nominative plural penitences)

penitence oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
penitences (oblique plural)
penitence (nominative singular)
penitences (nominative plural)

→ English: penitence

Middle French: penitence

French: pénitence


syllabus

syllabus (nominative singular)
syllabusy (nominative plural)
syllabusa (genitive singular)
syllabusów (genitive plural)
syllabusowi (dative singular)
syllabusom (dative plural)
syllabus (accusative singular)
syllabusy (accusative plural)
syllabusem (instrumental singular)
syllabusami (instrumental plural)
syllabusie (locative singular)
syllabusach (locative plural)
syllabusie (singular vocative)
syllabusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin syllabus, from Ancient Greek σιττύβα (sittúba). Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English syllabus.

sl

(Roman Catholicism) syllabus (summary of points decided by Roman Catholic papal decree regarding heretical doctrines or practices)


supernumerary

From Late Latin supernumerarius (“extra soldier added to a legion; supernumerary”), from super (“above; beyond”) + numerus (“number; collection, quantity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns or numerals). The word is analysable as super- + numeral + -ary.

refn

From Joseph C. Hughes (1897 September) “Supernumerary Finger Growing from First Metacarpal Bone”, in James Moores Ball, editor, Tri-State Medical Journal and Practitioner, volume IV, number 9, St. Louis, Mo.: [s.n.] 3509 Franklin Avenue, →OCLC, figure 2, page 436.

bor

“Supernumeraries”, the bulk of Opus Dei members, can marry and live in their own homes, with slightly fewer spiritual obligations.

2024 March 16, Antonia Cundy, “The Opus Dei diaries”, in FT Weekend, page 17:

(Roman Catholicism) A married man or woman who is a secular member of Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic religious institution.


watcher

From Middle English wacchere, wachere, wacher, equivalent to watch + -er.

the Book of Watchers

(chiefly historical, Judaism, Christianity) A kind of angel appointed to watch over the human realm, in particular one of those who became fallen angels and begot the Nephilim.


dragoon

en-verb

dragoon (third-person singular simple present dragoons, present participle dragooning, simple past and past participle dragooned)

dragoons (present singular third-person)
dragooning (participle present)
dragooned (participle past)
dragooned (past)

Battle of Cerro Gordo
Battle of Jena–Auerstedt
Mexican–American War
Smithsonian Institution
Édouard Detaille

The noun is borrowed from French dragon (“dragon (mythological creature); type of cavalry soldier, dragoon”) (originally referring to a soldier armed with the firearm of the same name (sense 1.1)), ultimately from Latin dracō (“dragon; kind of serpent or snake”), from Ancient Greek δρᾰ́κων (drákōn, “dragon; serpent”), possibly from δέρκομαι (dérkomai, “to see, see clearly (in the sense of something staring)”), from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ- (“to see”)). Doublet of Draco, dracone, and dragon.
The verb is either derived:
* from the noun; or
* from French dragonner (“to force (someone) into doing something, coerce; to torment (oneself)”), from dragon (noun) (see above) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

ref

From the collection of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., United States.

From the collection of the Musée de l'Armée (Army Museum) in Paris, France.

der

She [Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné] appears to have exulted in the extirpation of protestantism in Provence, by the power of her son-in-law, count de Gregnan [i.e., François Adhémar de Monteil, Comte de Grignan]; she even speaks with levity of the sufferings of the huguenots, dragooned into the bosom of the true church.

1803, Mary Hays, “The Marchioness de Sevigne”, in Female Biography; or, Memoirs of Illustrious and Celebrated Women, of All Ages and Countries. […], volume VI, London: […] Richard Phillips, […] by Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, page 401:

This was the pious lady [Ninon de l’Enclos] who, in after times, expiated the faults of her youth by dragooning Huguenots into Catholics.

1845 June, “Art. V.—Lives of Men of Letters and Science who Flourished in the Time of George III. By Henry Lord Brougham. Knight and Co. [book review]”, in The Westminster Review, American edition, volume XLIII, number LXXXV, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott & Co., […], →OCLC, footnote *, page 191, column 1:

(Christianity, French politics, historical) To subject (a Huguenot) to the dragonnades (“a policy instituted by Louis XIV of France in 1681 to intimidate Protestant Huguenots to convert to Roman Catholicism by billeting dragoons (noun sense 1.2) in their homes to abuse them and destroy or steal their possessions”).

antaa dragonnadeille

to subject (a Huguenot) to the dragonnades


IR

(Christianity) Initialism of Iesus Rex (“Jesus, the king”). Short for INRI.


presidential

en-adj

presidential (comparative more presidential, superlative most presidential)

more presidential (comparative)
most presidential (superlative)

These prayers are addressed to God in the name of the entire holy people and all present, by the priest who presides over the assembly in the person of Christ. It is with good reason, therefore, that they are called the "presidential prayers."

2002, General Instruction of the Roman Missal, International Committee on English in the Liturgy, Inc., §30

(Roman Catholicism) (of prayers) addressed to God on behalf of the congregation by the presiding priest


comprehension

en-noun

comprehension (countable and uncountable, plural comprehensions)

/ˌkɒmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/

/ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/

Borrowed from Middle French compréhension, from Latin comprehensiō (“taking together”), from com- (“with, together”) + prehendō (“take”).

af

(Christianity) The inclusion of nonconformists within the Church of England.


diocezo

eo-head

diocezo (accusative singular diocezon, plural diocezoj, accusative plural diocezojn)

diocezon (accusative singular)
diocezoj (plural)
diocezojn (accusative plural)

From English diocese, French diocèse, German Diözese, Italian diocesi, Spanish diócesis, Latin dioēcesis.


diocezo

Borrowed from English diocese, French diocèse, German Diözese, Italian diocesi, Spanish diócesis, Esperanto diocezo, all from Latin dioēcesis.


elle

elle (nominative singular)
elles (nominative plural)
elli (accusative singular)
elles (accusative plural)
elles (genitive singular)
eļļu (genitive plural)
ellei (dative singular)
ellēm (dative plural)
elli (instrumental singular)
ellēm (instrumental plural)
ellē (locative singular)
ellēs (locative plural)
elle (singular vocative)
elles (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch elle or Middle Low German helle (compare German Hölle, English hell). It is mentioned already in 16th-century literature and 17th-century dictionaries.

nonākt ellē

elles krāsns

elles mocības

(Christianity) hell (where the souls of sinners go after death to be punished by devils)


Easter

en-noun

Easter (countable and uncountable, plural Easters)

→ Chickasaw: Iista'

The noun is derived from Middle English Ester, from Old English ēastre, seemingly from Ēastre, a proposed Anglo-Saxon goddess of the dawn whose festival is thought to have been celebrated around the vernal equinox. Further from Proto-West Germanic *Austrā, from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ, derived from either Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”) or, more semantically plausible, from *austrą, *auzrą, a metathesized form of *wazrą (“spring (season)”), *-ǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).
The English word is cognate with German Low German Oostern (“Easter”), Old High German ōstarūn (modern German Ostern) and is possibly a doublet of east. Despite a modern folk etymology, not related to Ishtar.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

We spent each of the past five Easters together as a family.

During the Easter season, the Russians are planning “a great battle in Donbas,” the Russian-occupied region in Ukraine’s far east. “This is not Christian behavior at all, as I understand it. On Easter they will kill, and they will be killed.”

2022 April 15, Anne Applebaum, Jeffrey Goldberg, quoting Volodymyr Zelensky, “LIBERATION WITHOUT VICTORY”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 2022-04-15:

Western Christianity
Western Christianity

Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity

Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

A Christian feast commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is celebrated on the first Sunday (and Monday) following the full moon that occurs on or next after the vernal equinox, ranging in most of Western Christianity (such as Protestantism and Roman Catholicism) from March 22 to April 25, and in Eastern Christianity (such as the Coptic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church) from April 4 to May 8.

Paasfees

Jesus Daaztsą́ą́dę́ę́ʼ Náádiidzáhígíí Bééhániih

Eastertide (“the period from Easter to Whitsun”).

(specifically, Roman Catholicism, dated, now chiefly figuratively) Usually preceded by an inflection of make: the act of receiving the Eucharist during Easter.


bocht

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

bocht (masculine nominative singular)
bocht (feminine nominative singular)
bocht (neuter nominative singular)
boicht (masculine singular vocative)
bocht (masculine singular vocative)
bocht (feminine singular vocative)
bocht (neuter singular vocative)
bocht (accusative masculine singular)
boicht (accusative feminine singular)
bocht (accusative neuter singular)
boicht (genitive masculine singular)
boichte (feminine genitive singular)
boicht (genitive neuter singular)
bocht (dative masculine singular)
boicht (dative feminine singular)
bocht (dative neuter singular)
boicht (masculine nominative plural)
bochta (feminine neuter nominative plural)
bochtu (masculine plural vocative)
bochta (masculine plural vocative)
bochta (feminine neuter plural vocative)
bochtu (accusative masculine plural)
bochta (accusative masculine plural)
bochta (accusative feminine neuter plural)
bocht (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
bochtaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: bocht

Manx: boght

Scottish Gaelic: bochd

From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to break”).

(Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty


rektor

Borrowed from Dutch rector, from Latin rēctor.

(Catholicism) rector (cleric with managerial as well as spiritual responsibility for a church or other institution)


rektor

pl-noun

rektor m pers (related adjective rektorski)

rektorski (adjective)
rektor (nominative singular)
rektorzy (nominative plural)
rektory (derogatory nominative plural)
rektora (genitive singular)
rektorów (genitive plural)
rektorowi (dative singular)
rektorom (dative plural)
rektora (accusative singular)
rektorów (accusative plural)
rektorem (instrumental singular)
rektorami (instrumental plural)
rektorze (locative singular)
rektorach (locative plural)
rektorze (singular vocative)
rektorzy (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Russian: ре́ктор (réktor)
→ Armenian: ռեկտոր (ṙektor)

(Roman Catholicism) rector (cleric with managerial as well as spiritual responsibility for a church or other institution)


lunette

Unadapted borrowing from French lunette, diminutive of lune (“moon”).

On those occasions when lunettes, custodia and monstrances are used, the sacristan needs to be sure that the lunette fits into the given monstrance, that the host fits into the lunette, and that the host is put out before Mass for consecration.

2001, David Philippart, Basket, Basin, Plate, and Cup: Vessels in the Liturgy, page 33:

(Christianity) A luna: a crescent-shaped receptacle, often glass, for holding the (consecrated) host (the bread of communion) upright when exposed in the monstrance.

Lunula

Christianity: crescent-shaped clip for holding the host upright


sé

From Old Galician-Portuguese see, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“I sit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of sede.


sé

From Old Galician-Portuguese see, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“to sit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of sede. Cognate with Galician sé and Spanish sede.

(Roman Catholicism) see (the cathedral and region under the jurisdiction of a bishop)


concupiscence

en-noun

concupiscence (countable and uncountable, plural concupiscences)

From Latin concupiscentia, from concupīscō (“I desire strongly, I desire eagerly; I covet”).

[“]Since concupiscence is the most common form of temptation, it is better for him to know something about it. The soul cannot be humbled by fasts and prayer; it must be broken by mortal sin to experience forgiveness of sin and rise to a state of grace. Otherwise, religion is nothing but dead logic.”

1927, Willa Cather, Death Comes for the Archbishop, Book V, section 1, page 147:

(Roman Catholicism) the desire of a person's lower appetite, contrary to reason, which subjugates and inclines them to experience temptation and to give in to sin, due to the Fall and original sin.


nocturne

English: nocturn

From Medieval Latin nocturna, noun use of the feminine form of Latin nocturnus (“nocturnal, of the night”), derived from nox (“night”).


memorial

From Late Latin memoriale, neuter of memorialis.

(chiefly Christianity) A service of remembrance or commemoration.


verger

-ɜː(ɹ)dʒə(ɹ)

"We have often seen each other," said Little Dorrit, recognising the sexton, or the beadle, or the verger, or whatever he was, "when I have been at church here."

1855 December – 1857 June, Charles Dickens, “Litle Dorrit’s Party”, in Little Dorrit, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1857, →OCLC, book the first (Poverty), page 128:

As soon as we were all in the night the verger rolled shut the doors and blotted out the chandeliers.

1942, Emily Carr, “The Blessing”, in The Book of Small, Toronto, Ont.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC:

(chiefly UK, Ireland, Christianity) A lay person who takes care of the interior of a church and acts as an attendant during services, where he or she carries the verge (or virge). In the United States, the office is generally combined with that of sexton.

(chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, Christianity) An usher; also, in major ecclesiastical landmarks, a tour guide.


vespers

From Middle English vespers, from Old French vespres (French vêpres), from Ecclesiastical Latin vesperae (“vespers”), substantivisation of relational Late Latin vesperus (“evening”), from vesper (“evening”) + -us.
Euphemistic use first as Vèpres éphésiennes (“Ephesian Vespers”), coined in 1890 by historian Théodore Reinach by analogy with the Sicilian Vespers.

(Christianity, plural only) The sixth of the seven canonical hours, an evening prayer service


vespers

English: vespers

From Old French vespres, from Ecclesiastical Latin vesperae (“vespers”); see English vespers.

(Christianity) The sixth of the seven canonical hours.

(Christianity) The liturgical service celebrated at this time.


tiara

tiara (nominative singular)
tiary (nominative plural)
tiary (genitive singular)
tiar (genitive plural)
tiarze (dative singular)
tiarom (dative plural)
tiarę (accusative singular)
tiary (accusative plural)
tiarą (instrumental singular)
tiarami (instrumental plural)
tiarze (locative singular)
tiarach (locative plural)
tiaro (singular vocative)
tiary (plural vocative)

(countable, Roman Catholicism) tiara (three-tiered papal crown)

(uncountable, metonymically, Roman Catholicism) papacy (office of the pope)


Arminianist

(Christianity) A member of the Protestant denomination founded by Jacobus Arminius.

(Christianity) One who subscribes to the beliefs of the Arminian Church.


sinner

From Middle English synnere, equivalent to sin + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Säänder (“sinner”), West Frisian sûnder (“sinner”), Dutch zondaar (“sinner”), German Low German Sünder, Sünner (“sinner”), German Sünder (“sinner”), Danish synder (“sinner”), Swedish syndare (“sinner”), Icelandic syndari (“sinner”).

whiro

(figuratively, by extension) A person with negative qualities

fasiq

one who has sinned by violating Islamic law

(Christianity, doctrinal) An unregenerate person.

A person who sins or has sinned.
An unregenerate person.


maudlin

From Middle English Maudelen, a dialectal form of Mary Magdalene (typically depicted weeping), from Old French Madelaine (whence Madeleine), from Late Latin Magdalena (see Magdalena, Magdalene, and Maudlin).

for alle they worſchipden hir ſouereynly / as worthy was / but ſpecially Mawdelayne / that wolde neuere departe fro hir.

c. 1400, Nicholas Love, transl., The Mirror of the Blessed Life of Jesus Christ:

(obsolete, Christianity) The Magdalene; Mary Magdalene.


gradual

/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/

From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”).

(Christianity) An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps.

(Christianity) A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass.


provision

en-noun

provision (countable and uncountable, plural provisions)

/pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/

From Middle English provisioun, from Old French provisïon, from Latin prōvīsiō (“preparation, foresight”), from prōvidēre (“provide”).

der

(Roman Catholicism) Regular induction into a benefice, comprehending nomination, collation, and installation.


unconfirmed

In the ecumenical world a cry is heard for the admission of unconfirmed children to communion...

2001, Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley, The encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 2:

(Christianity) Not having undergone the ritual of confirmation.


Lady Bountiful

en-noun

Lady Bountiful (plural Lady Bountifuls or Ladies Bountiful)

Lady Bountifuls (plural)
Ladies Bountiful (plural)

* From a character in the 18th century play The Beaux' Stratagem by George Farquhar


saved

The second servant, however, was not only not "saved." She could not even be classified as "questing." She was an Anglican who was in the household from charity, having been deserted by her navvy husband and been denied Poor Relief by two parishes, each of whom claimed she was the other's responsibility.

(Christianity) Rescued from the consequences of sin.


goodness

goodness (countable and uncountable, plural goodnesses)

From Middle English goodnesse, godnesse, from Old English gōdnes (“goodness; virtue; kindness”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōdnassī (“goodness”), equivalent to good + -ness. Cognate with Scots guidness (“goodness”), West Frisian goedens (“goodness”), Old High German guotnessī (“goodness”), Middle High German guotnisse (“goodness”), Russian годность (godnostʹ, “suitability, fitness”).

cog

But the fruit of the ſpirit is loue, ioy, peace, long ſuffering, gentleneſſe, goodneſſe, faith, / Meekeneſſe, temperance: againſt ſuch there is no law.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Galatians 5:22–23, column 2:

(Christianity) The moral qualities which constitute Christian excellence; moral virtue.


pietism

en-noun

pietism (countable and uncountable, plural pietisms)

From its earliest days, Pietism was intimately bound up with education.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 739:

(Christianity, often capitalized) A movement in the Lutheran church in the late 17th and 18th centuries, calling for practical and devout Christianity.


abadesa

[ʔɐ.bɐˈd̪ɛː.sɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish abadesa, from Old Spanish abbadesa, from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbatissa, from Latin abbas (“abbot”).


IHS

(Christianity) Monogram of ΙΗϹΟYϹ, the Greek form of Jesus.


IHS

The reference to Jesus is from the first three letters of Jesus' name in Koine Greek, ΙΗΣΟΥΣ (IĒSOuS), arising perhaps circa 14th century. The interpretation as an abbreviation Iesus Hominum Salvator (“Jesus, saviour of men”) is apparently a later back-formation when the Greek was no longer remembered. (See wikipedia Christogram.)

(Christianity) Initialism of Iesus Hominum Salvator (“Jesus Savior of Men)”).

JHC

representing the medieval Greek form of sigma, Ϲ


limbo

limbo (countable and uncountable, plural limbos or limboes)

The noun is derived from Middle English limbo, lymbo (“place where innocent souls exist temporarily until they can enter heaven”), from Latin limbō, the ablative singular of limbus (“border, edge; hem; fringe, tassel”) (notably in expressions like in limbō (“in limbo”) and e limbō (“out of limbo”)); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lemb- (“to hang limply or loosely”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang down loosely (?)”). Doublet of limp.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

Of vvhat texte thou proveſt hell / vvill a nother prove purgatory / a nother lymbo patrum / and a nother the aſſumpcion of oure ladi: And a nother ſhall prove of the ſame texte that an Ape hath a tayle.

1528 October 12 (Gregorian calendar), William Tyndale, “William Tyndale other wise Called William Hychins vnto the Reader”, in The Obediẽce of a Christen Man […], [Antwerp]: [Johannes Hoochstraten], →OCLC, folio xix, recto:

Oh vvhat a ſimpathie of vvoe is this, / As farre from helpe, as Lymbo is from bliſſe.

c. 1588–1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Most Lamentable Romaine Tragedie of Titus Andronicus: […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, and are to be sold by Edward White & Thomas Millington, […], published 1594, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

VVith all our heart, fare-vvell, fare-vvell, / I am freed from Lymbo, to be ſent to hell.

1605, [Thomas Heywood], If You Know Not Me, You Know No Bodie: Or, The Troubles of Queene Elizabeth, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot] for Nathaniel Butter, published 1606, →OCLC, signature D2, recto:

And they who have multiplied hells unto us, and made more hells than God hath made, more by their two limboes, (one for fathers, another for children) and one purgatory, have yet made their new hells more of the nature of heaven than of hell.

1626 November 15 (Gregorian calendar), John Donne, “The Third of My Prebend Sermons upon My Five Psalms. Sermon LXVII. Preached at St. Paul’s, November 5, 1626.”, in Henry Alford, editor, The Works of John Donne, D.D., […], volume III, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 183:

Limbo, or more exactly the notion of two different limbos within Christendom, was also an invention. Many medieval Christians had difficulty accepting the idea of eternal punishment meted out to two categories of persons who, on strictly technical grounds, were "outside" the Church and otherwise quite beyond the pale. The first category embraced wise and just people who died before the coming of Christ, and the second included all infants born within Christendom but, unfortunately, unbaptized at the time of their death.

1992, William R. LaFleur, “Jizō at the Crosswords”, in Liquid Life: Abortion and Buddhism in Japan, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, part 1 (Original Concepts), page 57:

(Roman Catholicism, uncountable) A speculation, thought possibly to be on the edge of the bottomless pit of Hell, where the souls of innocent deceased people might exist temporarily until they can enter heaven, specifically those of the saints who died before the advent of Jesus Christ (who occupy the limbo patrum or limbo of the patriarchs or fathers) and those of unbaptized infants (who occupy the limbo infantum or limbo of the infants); (countable) the possible place where each category of souls might exist, regarded separately.

քավարան

place where the souls of innocent deceased people exist temporarily until they can enter heaven


limbo

(Roman Catholicism) limbo (place for innocent souls)


Jesus freak

The phrase originally was applied to those involved in the Jesus movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s, within the context of the freak scene of that era. However, some Christians now consider it a reclaimed word, as Christians, especially Christian youth, occasionally use it today as a positive term to let others know that they are not ashamed of their belief in Jesus.

What will people say when they hear that I'm a Jesus freak?
 What will people do when they find out it's true?
 I don't really care if they label me a Jesus freak.
 There ain't no disguisin' the truth.

1995, “Jesus Freak”, TobyMac (lyrics), performed by dc Talk:

(Christianity, slang) An enthusiastic Christian.


ordo

Borrowed from Latin ōrdō. Doublet of order.

(Roman Catholicism) A calendar which prescribes the Mass and office which is to be celebrated each day.


ordo

id-noun

ordo (plural ordo-ordo, first-person possessive ordoku, second-person possessive ordomu, third-person possessive ordonya)

ordo-ordo (plural)
ordoku (first-person possessive)
ordomu (possessive second-person)
ordonya (possessive third-person)

Learned borrowing from Latin ōrdō. Doublet of rodi, orde, order, ordi, and wardi.

doublet

(Catholicism) a group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles.


Saint George

Saint George
Saint George (disambiguation)

The parishes are named after Saint George (d. 303).

Alternative forms: St George, St. George

(Christianity) Patron saint of England and several other places; legendary killer of a dragon.

Sint Joris

patron saint of England and several other places


provincial

/pɹəˈvɪnt͡ʃəl/

From Old French provincial, from Latin provincialis (“province”), equivalent to province + -ial.

The Franciscan provincial Diego de Landa set up a local Inquisition which unleashed a campaign of interrogation and torture on the Indio population.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 700:

(Roman Catholicism) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a province of the order.

архиепископ

monastic superior who directs a province of an order


Κυριακή

head

Κυριακή • (Kuriakḗ) f

→ Coptic: ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲁⲕⲏ (kuriakē)

Greek: Κυριακή (Kyriakí)

desc

→ Old Georgian: კჳრიაკჱ (ḳwiriaḳē), კჳრაჲ (ḳwiray)

desctree

Georgian: კვირა (ḳvira)
→ Bats: კვირაჸო̆ (ḳviraʾŏ), კუჲრაჸო̆ (ḳuyraʾŏ)
→ Chechen: кӏира (kʼira)
→ Ingush: кӏира (kʼira)
→ Ossetian: къуӕре (k’wære), къуыри́ (k’°yrí)

→ Old Armenian: կիւրակէ (kiwrakē), կիրակէ (kirakē), կիրակի (kiraki), կիւրիակէ (kiwriakē)
Armenian: կիրակի (kiraki), կյուրակե (kyurake), կյուրակի (kyuraki) — dated, learned borrowings from Old Armenian
→ Turkish: gireyi, gireği
→ Zazaki: kîrye
→ Arabic: الْكُرْكِيّ (al-kurkiyy, “name of a market in Partav”)
→ Northern Kurdish: կիրակէ (kirakē)

→ Romani: kurko

→ Tat:

Lahyj: քրաքի (kʰrakʰi)

Short for ἡ Κυριακὴ ἡμέρα (hē Kuriakḕ hēméra, “the Lord's Day”), from κυριακή (kuriakḗ), feminine form of κυριακός (kuriakós, “belonging to the lord”), from κύριος (kúrios, “lord”).

(Koine, Christianity) Sunday, Lord's Day


retain

en-verb

retain (third-person singular simple present retains, present participle retaining, simple past and past participle retained)

retains (present singular third-person)
retaining (participle present)
retained (participle past)
retained (past)
retain (infinitive)

From Late Middle English reteinen, retein (“to continue to keep, retain; to continue to possess; to possess; to contain; to draw back, retire; to hold back, restrain; to keep in mind, remember; to take back, repossess; to appoint; to engage in one’s service, employ, hire”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman reteiner, retenir [and other forms], Middle French retenir, and Old French retenir (“to keep back, retain; to keep, maintain, preserve; to possess; to engage in one’s service, employ; to detain; to hold back, restrain; to remember”) (modern French retenir), from Vulgar Latin *retinīre, from Latin retinēre, the present active infinitive of retineō (“to keep or hold back, detain, retain; to hold in check, stop; to hold fast, maintain; to keep in mind, remember”) (compare Late Latin retineō (“to keep engaged in one’s service”)), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again’) + teneō (“to grasp, hold; to hold fast, restrain; to possess; to keep in mind, remember”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to extend, stretch”)).
Sense 1.10 (“to declare (a sin) not forgiven”) is derived from John 20:23 in the Bible, in Late Latin quorum retinueritis, retenta sunt, and in Koine Greek ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται: see the 1526 quotation.
cognates
* Catalan retenir
* Italian retenere (obsolete), ritenere
* Portuguese reter
* Spanish retener

nb...

retainen, retayne, reteign, reteigne, reteine, retene, retenne, reteyene, reteygn, reteygne, reteyign, reteyn, reteyne, retine

restenir, reteigner, reteingner, retener, retenier, retiner

lang

ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται

ἄν τινων κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται

أَبْقَى

to keep (something) in control or possession; to continue having (something)

Receave the holy gooſt: whoſoevers ſynnes ye remyt⸝ they are remitted vnto them: And whoſoevers ſynnes ye retayne⸝ they are retayned.

1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, John xx:[23], folio clj, verso:

I vvill ſo remit vvrongs, as I may not encourage others to offer them; and ſo retaine them, as I may not induce God to retaine mine to him.

1605, Jos[eph] Hall, “Paragraph 98”, in Meditations and Vowes, Diuine and Morall. […], London: […] Humfrey Lownes, for Iohn Porter, →OCLC, 1st book, page 27:

Excommunication therefore had its effect onely upon thoſe, that beleeved that Jeſus Chriſt vvas to come again in Glory, to reign over, and to judge both the quick, and the dead, and ſhould therefore refuſe entrance into his Kingdom, to thoſe vvhoſe Sins vvere Retained; that is, to thoſe that vvere Excommunicated by the Church.

1651, Thomas Hobbes, “Of the Office of Our Blessed Saviour”, in Leviathan, or The Matter, Forme, & Power of a Common-wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civill, London: […] [William Wilson] for Andrew Crooke, […], →OCLC, 3rd part (Of a Christian Common-wealth), page 277:

(Christianity) To declare (a sin) not forgiven.


publisher

(Christianity) A preacher who is a Jehovah's Witness.


prelapsarian

From pre- + Latin lapsus (“fall”) + -arian.

It is the prelapsarian Polynesia of free love, noble savagery, Kon Tiki rafting and Easter Island statuary, not the Levi’s-wearing, Toyota-driving, pédalo-pushing, efflorescent-cocktails-in-a-split-coconut-serving pseudo-paradise that awaits latter-day travellers.

2001, Stephen Brown, Marketing – the Retro Revolution, London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 139:

Ideally, individual stories and God's plan share the same final goal, namely, returning to a prelapsarian state of perfect communication with God.

2004, Janet Bertsch, Storytelling in the works of Bunyan, Grimmelshausen, Defoe, and Schnabel, page 4:

Can you really turn a few keyboards outside London's landmarks into the equivalent of a pub honky-tonk for a good old knees-up; a 50s living room where the family would gather around the piano every evening, in some prelapsarian vision of the olden days […]?

Conservative think-tanks have the same dream of return to a prelapsarian innocence.

2010 September 23, “The perils of constitution-worship”, in The Economist:

(Judaism, Christianity) Of, or relating to the period of innocence before the Fall of man; innocent, unspoiled.


churchward

A contraction of churchwarden, in turn from Old English cyrce + weard a "churchwarden" or "sacristan".

(Christianity) Obsolete spelling of churchwarden.


NAS

New American Standard
w:New American Standard Bible

(Christianity) Initialism of New American Standard. (Bible)


prima

→ Hunsrik: Prim

From Old Galician-Portuguese prima, from Latin prīma, feminine of prīmus (“first”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-.

(Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy) the first canonical hour


malcontent

nl-noun

malcontent m (plural malcontenten, diminutive malcontentje n)

malcontenten (plural)
malcontentje (diminutive neuter)

(historical, Roman Catholicism) a Dutch Roman Catholic noble who served the Spanish cause early in the Dutch revolt

(historical, Protestantism) a liberal Protestant in the early 20th century who rejected conventional liberalism and almost deistic theology and advocated social gospel theology and politics


chiliast

From Latin chiliasta, possibly via French chiliaste, from Ancient Greek χιλιαστής (khiliastḗs), from χῑ́λιοι (khī́lioi, “thousand”) + -αστής (-astḗs, “-ast, -ist: forming agent nouns”). Equivalent to chilia- + -ast.

... Agreed on all sides, except the Chiliasts...

1611, William Sclater, A Key to the Key of Scripture..., page 324:

All Anabaptists were and are still Chiliasts, expounding literally that Kingdome of a thousand years of Revel. xx. 6 to be a temporall Kingdome.

1647, anonymous author, A Short History of the Anabaptists, page 52:

(Christianity, typically derogatory) Synonym of millenarian: a person who believes the Second Coming of Jesus Christ will involve his physical rule on Earth for 1000 years.


HTR

(Christianity) Initialism of hard to receive.


repose

en-noun

repose (countable and uncountable, plural reposes)

Berthe Morisot
Rhode Island School of Design Museum
Édouard Manet

The verb is derived from Middle English reposen (“to rest”), from Anglo-Norman reposer, reposir, and Middle French reposer, from Old French reposer, repauser (“to become calm; to be peaceful; to rest; to be immobile; to lie or be placed; to cease, stop; to neglect”) (modern French reposer), from Latin repausāre, the present active infinitive of repausō (“(Late Latin) to be at rest; to lie down, rest; to sleep; to calm, pacify; (Latin) to halt temporarily, pause”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again; back, backwards’) + pausō (“to cease, halt; to pause”) (from pausa (“a halt, stop; a pause; an end”), from Ancient Greek παῦσῐς (paûsis, “ceasing, stopping”), from παύω (paúō, “to cease; to make to cease, stop; to bring to an end; to hinder”) (further etymology uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, little; smallness”)) + -σῐς (-sis, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result)).
The noun is derived from Late Middle English repose, from Anglo-Norman repous, repos, and Middle French repos, repose, from Old French repos (“calm; rest; period or state of sleep; state of immobility; state of inaction”) (modern French repos), from reposer, repauser (verb) (see above).
Noun sense 12.3 (“technique of including in a painting an area or areas which are dark, indistinct, or soft in tone”) is borrowed from French repos.
cognates
* Catalan reposar (verb), repòs (noun)
* Italian riposare (verb), riposo (noun)
* Old Occitan repausar, repauzar (verb), repaus (noun)
* Portuguese repousar (verb), repouso (noun)
* Spanish reposar (verb), reposo (noun)

ref

From the collection of the Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.

հանգիստ

temporary cessation from activity to rest and recover, especially in the form of sleep; an instance of this — see also break, rest

(uncountable) Temporary cessation from activity to rest and recover, especially in the form of sleep; rest; (countable) an instance of this; a break, a rest; a sleep.

(uncountable) Of the Virgin Mary: death; also assumption into heaven.

(countable, Eastern Orthodoxy) The festival honouring the assumption of the Virgin Mary into heaven, celebrated on August 15.


transubstantiation

en-noun

transubstantiation (countable and uncountable, plural transubstantiations)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānsubstantiātiō.

I was openly dismissive about transubstantiation, by which the host is consecrated, and according to Catholic doctrine, literally turns from mere bread into the body of Christ. “But all the atoms stay the same!” I would insist. “That makes no sense!”

2020 July 6, Helen Lewis, “How J. K. Rowling Became Voldemort”, in The Atlantic:

(Roman Catholicism) The doctrine holding that the bread and wine of the Eucharist are essentially transformed into the body and blood of Jesus.


concomitance

concomitance (countable and uncountable, plural concomitances)

First attested 1607, from French concomitant, from Latin concomitari (“accompany”), from con- (“together”) + comitari (“to company”), from comes, comitis (“companion”).

(Christianity) The Roman Catholic doctrine of the existence of the entire body of Christ in the Eucharist, under each element, so that the body and blood are both received by communication in one kind only.


andas

(Christianity) a framework for carrying religions images during a procession; a litter


บาท

th-noun

บาท • (bàat)

Possibly from Latin patre, pater (“father”); Portuguese padre (“father”); or Spanish padre (“father”).

(Christianity, now only in combination) priest.


Jesús

→ Cebuano: Hesus

→ Hiligaynon: Hesus

→ Guaraní: Hesu

desc

→ Tagalog: Hesus, Hisus — obsolete, Jesus

From Latin Iēsus, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yēšūaʿ). The peculiar use of Jesús as a given name, unusual in most other traditionally Christian societies, has been ascribed to Arabic influence, in the sense that Christians during the Arab reign in Muslim Spain were influenced by the Muslim use of مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “Muhammad”). Cognate with Sicilian Gisuzzu.

Y aconteció en aquellos días, que Jesús vino de Nazaret de Galilea, y fué bautizado por Juan en el Jordán.

And it happened in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee, and was baptized by John in the Jordan.


prothesis

en-noun

prothesis (countable and uncountable, plural protheses)

From Ancient Greek πρόθεσις (próthesis, “a preposing”), from προτίθημι (protíthēmi, “I prepose”), from πρό (pró, “before”) + τίθημι (títhēmi, “I place”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro + *dʰédʰeh₁ti (“to be putting, to be placing”).

bor

Eastern Orthodox
Eastern Orthodox Church

(Christianity) The preparation and preliminary oblation of the Eucharistic bread and wine in the Divine Liturgy of the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches.


Jesuit

Learned borrowing from New Latin Iēsuīta.

lbor

(Catholicism) a member of the Society of Jesus


Jesuit

de-noun

Jesuit m (weak, genitive Jesuiten, plural Jesuiten, feminine Jesuitin)

Jesuiten (genitive)
Jesuiten (plural)
Jesuitin (feminine)
Jesuit (nominative singular)
Jesuiten (definite nominative plural)
Jesuiten (genitive singular)
Jesuiten (definite genitive plural)
Jesuiten (dative singular)
Jesuiten (dative definite plural)
Jesuiten (accusative singular)
Jesuiten (accusative definite plural)


sacra

(Catholicism) altar card (one of a set of three richly-ornamented cards, placed on the altar during a Tridentine mass, containing the texts of prayers)


église

Antillean Creole: légliz

Guianese Creole: légliz

Haitian Creole: legliz

Karipúna Creole French: legliz

Louisiana Creole: legliz

→ Malagasy: eglizy

Seychellois Creole: legliz

→ Tayo: leglis

Inherited from Middle French eglise, from Old French eglise, esglise, from Vulgar Latin *eclesia, from Latin ecclēsia, from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía, “gathering”).
* Cognate with Catalan església, Italian chiesa, Portuguese igreja, Spanish iglesia


All Saints' Day

(Christianity) In Christian tradition, the annual feast day celebrating the life of all saints, taking place on the first day of November, or (in the Greek church) on the first Sunday after Pentecost.


All Souls' Day

Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed

(Christianity) An annual feast day celebrating the faithful departed on the second day of November, immediately following All Saints' Day.

vainajien päivä

generally; not in Finnish Lutheranism, though


vont

From Middle Dutch vonte, from Old French fonte, from Latin fons (“source; baptismal font”).


confirmation name

en-noun

confirmation name (plural confirmation names)

(Christianity) A name given usually by a pastor to a confirmand during a confirmation ceremony in various Christian denominations.


missa

Galician: misa

Portuguese: missa

From Late Latin missa (“mass”), from Latin mittō (“I send”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange, remove”).

der

Eſta é de como ſta maria pareceu en toledo a ſant alifonſſo ⁊ deull ũa alua q̇ trouxe de paraẏſo con que diſſeſſe miſſa.

13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 2 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/056.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary appeared to Saint Ildefonso in Toledo and gave him an alb from paradise to celebrate mass.


baptize

en-verb

baptize (third-person singular simple present baptizes, present participle baptizing, simple past and past participle baptized)

baptizes (present singular third-person)
baptizing (participle present)
baptized (participle past)
baptized (past)

→ Jamaican Creole: baptaiz

From Middle English baptisen, baptizen, from Old French baptiser, batisier, from Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin baptizāre, from Ancient Greek βαπτίζω (baptízō, “to immerse, plunge, baptize”).

der

(Christianity) To perform the sacrament of baptism by sprinkling or pouring water over someone or immersing them in water.

pagëzoj

to perform the Christian sacrament of baptism


charity

en-noun

charity (countable and uncountable, plural charities)

From Middle English charite, from Old French charité, cherte, chariteit, cariteit, from Latin cāritās.

Charity suffereth long, and is kind; charity envieth not; charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up, Doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 13:4-5:

(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.


contumacy

contumacy (countable and uncountable, plural contumacies)

From Latin contumācia, from contumāx (“refusing to appear in a court of law in disobedience of a summons; insolent, obstinate, stiff-necked”).

[T]heſe Muſhrome Lords (Spirituall onely in Title, but wholly Temporall in reality), firſt ſprouted up by inſenſible degrees in the Church of Christ; ſo it is moſt infallibly convinced of notorious falſehood, by the multitude of thoſe moſt execrable Treaſons, Treacheries, Conſpiracies, Rebellions, Contumacies, Inſurrections, Seditions, and Anti-Monarchiall practiſes of Lordly Prelates, againſt their Soveraignes, in all ages ſince they grew rich and potent, in all Kingdomes and Churches where they have been admitted; […]

1641, William Prynne, “The Prologve”, in The Antipathie of the English Lordly Prelacie, both to Regall Monarchy, and Civil Unity: or, An Historicall Collection of the Severall Execrable Treasons, Conspiracies, Rebellions, Seditions, State-schismes, Contumacies, Antimonarchicall Practices, & Oppressions of our English, British, French, Scottish, and Irish Lardly Prelates, against our Kingdomes, Lawes, Liberties; and of the Severall Warres, and Civil Dissentions Occasioned by Them, in or against our Realm, in Former and Latter Ages. … The First Part, volume I, London: Printed by authority for Michael Sparke, senior, →OCLC, page 1:

Persons Judicially cited, are ſometimes wont, by a Non-Appearance in Court, to contemn the Judges Authority; and thereby to render themſelves contumacious: wherefore, I will conſider theſe Perſons under the following heads. […] 2dly, Examine how many Species or Kinds of Contumacy there are. […] The Plaintiff on the Return of a Peremptory Citation ought not to accuſe the Contumacy of the Perſon ſummon'd, otherwiſe he ſhall not be adjudged contumacious.

1726, John Ayliffe, “Of Contumacy, and the Several Kinds thereof”, in Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani: or, A Commentary, by Way of Supplement to the Canons and Constitutions of the Church of England. Not only from the Books of the Canon and Civil Law, but likewise from the Statute and Common Law of this Realm. …, London: Printed for the author, by D. Leach, and sold by John Walthoe in the Middle Temple Cloysters, James and John Knapton in St Paul's Churchyard, Richard Standfast in Westminster-Hall, William and John Innys at the West End of St Paul's, Francis Clay and Daniel Brown without Temple Bar, London, and Simon Martin, bookseller in Leicester, →OCLC, page 196:

When an accused person, or a witness, refuses to obey a citation, he shall be cited a second time; and if he still continue to refuse, he shall be excluded from the communion of the church for contumacy, until he repent.

1839, Broadway Tabernacle Anti-slavery Society, Proceedings of the Session of Broadway Tabernacle, Against Lewis Tappan: With the Action of the Presbytery and General Assembly, New York, N.Y.: [S. W. Benedict]; for sale at No. 43 Nassau Street, →OCLC, page 25:

I know how distasteful to God, contumacy, and contempt, and disobedience to order and authority is; and I know, (and all men, that choose not ignorance, may know) that our excommunications (though calumniators impute them to small things, because, many times, the first complaint is of some small matter) never issue but upon contumacies, contempts, disobediences to the church. But they are real contumacies, not interpretative, apparent contumacies, not presumptive, that excommunicate a man in heaven; and much circumspection is required, and (I am far from doubting it) exercised in those cases upon earth; […]

1839, John Donne, Henry Alford, “Sermon LXVI. Preached at St. Paul's, January 29, 1625. Psalm lxiii. 7.”, in The Works of John Donne, D.D., Dean of Saint Paul's, 1621–1631. With a Memoir of His Life. … In Six Volumes, volume III, London: John W. Parker, West Strand, →OCLC, page 164:

The old law came to recognize a procedure of contumacy, which constitutes a point of departure for our legal system so far as that relates to the doctrine of default, although the procedure has completely changed its aspect in the course of its successive transformations. […] As in the Germanic practice, the procedure by contumacy resulted, not in a condemnation for the act struck at by the prosecution, but in the outlawry of the person guilty of contumacy. Every safeguard given by the law was withdrawn from the person who refused to submit to the law.

1913, [Jean Paul Hippolyte Emmanuel] A[dhémar] Esmein, translated by John Simpson, A History of Continental Criminal Procedure: With Special Reference to France (The Continental Legal History Series; V), Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, page 73:

Contumacy · Generally speaking, contumacy is the deliberate disregard for legitimate authority. In canon law, contumacy is discussed in two matters. First, a party to an ecclesiastical case or controversy, though usually the respondent, who willfully and without reason refuses to appear before an ecclesiastical court, or who otherwise withholds necessary cooperation from the court, can be declared absent, that is, contumacious, and thereupon forfeits all or some of his or her rights before the tribunal[…]. The second and rather more common use of contumacy occurs in the matter of ecclesiastical penalties. In this sense, one who, after a warning, refuses to desist from delictual behaviour is considered contumacious, and thereby renders himself liable to censure[…].

1998, Peter M. J. Stravinskas, editor, Our Sunday Visitor's Catholic Encyclopedia, rev. edition, Huntington, Ind.: Our Sunday Visitor Publishing Division, →ISBN, page 278:

(chiefly Christianity and law) Disobedience, resistance to authority.

Dictionary of National Biography
Edward I of England
John Balliol
King of Scots
Kingdom of Scotland
Leslie Stephen
Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale
Wars of Scottish Independence
earl of Fife

Contumacy in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)


crusade

From French croisade, introduced in English (in the French spelling) by 1575. The modern spelling emerges c. 1760,. Middle French croisade is introduced in the 15th century, based on Spanish cruzada (late 14th century) and Old Occitan crozada (early 13th century), both reflecting Medieval Latin cruciāta, cruxiata, the feminine singular of the adjective cruciātus used as an abstract noun.
Adjectival cruciātus originally meant "tormented; crucified", but from the 12th century crucesignatus was also used for "marked with a cross; making the sign of the cross" and eventually "taking the cross" in the sense of "going on a crusade".
Old Occitan crozada is used in the sense "[the Albigensian] crusade" in the Song of the Albigensian crusade, written c. 1213. From vernacular usage, Middle Latin cruciāta also comes to be used in the sense "crusade" from about 1270.

The same period that has seen social and political crusades increasingly replace religious messages in the pulpits has seen a sharp 35 percent decline in membership of the mainline Protestant denominations associated with the National Council of Churches.

1994, Richard Nixon, “America Beyond Peace”, in Beyond Peace, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 239:

(politics, Protestantism, dated) A mass gathering in a political campaign or during a religious revival effort.


chancellor

/ˈtʃɑːnsələ/

/ˈt͡ʃænsələ/

Angela Merkel
Frick Collection
Hans Holbein the Younger
Thomas More

From Anglo-Norman or Middle English chaunceler, chanceler, canceler (“chief administrative or executive officer of a ruler; chancellor, secretary; private secretary, scribe; Lord Chancellor of England; officer of the ruler's exchequer; a high administrative or executive officer (for example, a deputy or representative of a bishop; the head of a university)”), from Old French cancelier, chancelier (“chancellor”), from Late Latin cancellārius (“secretary; doorkeeper, porter; usher of a court of law stationed at the bars separating the public from the judges”), from Latin cancellī (plural of cancellus (“grate; bars, barrier; railings”), diminutive of cancer (“grid; barrier”), from Proto-Italic *karkros (“enclosure”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn”)) + -ārius (suffix forming nouns denoting an agent of use).
The word was present as Late Old English canceler, cancheler, from Norman cancheler, but was displaced in the 13th century by the Old French and Anglo-Norman forms mentioned above.

refn

From the Frick Collection in New York City, New York, USA.

مُسْتَشَار

senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government

The Chancellor, as he is commonly called, who presides in the Diocesan Court, is appointed by the Bishop to the two ancient offices of Vicar General and Official Principal. When the Bishop, as was frequently the case, was absent from the Diocese, or for any other reason was unable to act in person, the Vicar General, as the name denotes, was his usual representative, while the exercise of his judicial authority he delegated to the Official Principal. For a long period of time the two offices have been always held together, and the Chancellor sometimes acts in one capacity and sometimes in the other.

1907 November 20, W. T. P., “The Consistory Court of St. Asaph”, in Bye-gones Relating to Wales and the Border Counties, volume X (New Series), Oswestry, Shropshire, Wrexham, Denbighshire: Woodall, Minshall, Thomas and Co.; London: Elliot Stock […], →OCLC, page 139:

(Christianity) A senior record keeper of a cathedral; a senior legal officer for a bishop or diocese in charge of hearing cases involving ecclesiastical law.

kansliapäällikkö

senior record keeper of a cathedral; senior legal officer for a bishop or diocese


sending

From Dutch zending, from Middle Dutch sendinge. Equivalent to send + -ing.


antipope

From Middle French antipape (later assimilated to anti- + pope), from Medieval Latin antipāpa.

Meanwhile support for the ‘puppet’ antipope Nicholas V, deprived of his protector and by now excommunicated along with his emperor, rapidly withered away.

2007, Edwin Mullins, The Popes of Avignon, Blue Bridge, published 2008, page 59:

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(Christianity) A person who claims or claimed to be the pope, usually as the result of a disputed election or deposition, but is not considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the real pope.


secretariat

/ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛəɹɪət/

/ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛɹi.ət/

(Roman Catholicism) A kind of dicastery within the Roman Curia.

quốc vụ viện

a kind of dicastery within the Roman Curia


tincture

The noun is derived from Late Middle English tincture (“a dye, pigment; a colour, hue, tint; process of colouring or dyeing; medicinal ointment or salve (perhaps one discolouring the skin); use of a medicinal tincture; (alchemy) transmutation of base metals into gold; ability to cause such transmutation; substance supposed to cause such transmutation”) [and other forms], borrowed from Latin tīnctūra (“act of dyeing”) + Middle English -ure (suffix indicating an action or a process and the means or result of that action or process). Tīnctūra is derived from tīnctus (“coloured, tinged; dipped in; impregnated with; treated”) + -tūra (suffix forming action nouns expressing activities or results); while tīnctus is the perfect passive participle of tingō (“to colour, dye, tinge; to dip (in), immerse; to impregnate (with); to moisten, wet; to smear”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to dip; to soak”). Doublet of tainture, teinture, and tinctura.
The verb is derived from the noun.

doublet

Rollo ſonne of a Daniſh Potentate, […] made tranſmigration into France, and there, after ſome martiall diſcords, honored in holy tincture of Chriſtianity vvith the name of Robert, […]

1612, [John Selden], “The Fourth Song. Illustrations.”, in Michael Drayton, edited by [John Selden], Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Mathew Lownes; I[ohn] Browne; I[ohn] Helme; I[ohn] Busbie, published 1613, →OCLC, page 73:

Senses relating to colour, and to dipping something into a liquid.


Abelonian

(Christianity, historical) Synonym of Abelian.


Adversary

A biblical reference, Satan ultimately deriving from a borrowing of the Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān, “adversary, accuser”). (See also Satan).

cog

Yahweh′s turning Gog around, putting hooks in his jaws, and bringing him out from the remotest parts of the north (Ezek. 38:4-6) is now interpreted as the release of the Adversary from prison.

1998, Daniel Isaac Block, The Book of Ezekiel: Chapters 25-48:

(Christianity, sometimes Judaism) The Devil; Satan.


Apocryphal

(Christianity) Of or relating to the Apocrypha.


Altar

de-noun

Altar m (strong, genitive Altares or Altars, plural Altäre, diminutive Altärchen n)

Altares (genitive)
Altars (genitive)
Altäre (plural)
Altärchen (diminutive neuter)
Altar (nominative singular)
Altäre (definite nominative plural)
Altares (genitive singular)
Altars (genitive singular)
Altäre (definite genitive plural)
Altar (dative singular)
Altare (dative singular)
Altären (dative definite plural)
Altar (accusative singular)
Altäre (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German alter, altære, from Old High German altāri, from Proto-West Germanic *altārī (“altar”), borrowed from Latin altāre. The form was readapted to the Latin source, partly to avoid homophony with Alter (“age”). Compare also Dutch altaar alongside archaic outer.

(religion, including Christianity) altar (table or similar structure used for religious rites)


Annunciation

/əˌnʌnsɪˈeɪ̯ʃn̩/

(Christianity) The announcement by the archangel Gabriel to Mary that she would give birth to a son, namely Jesus. Celebrated on 25th March.


Abelian

1826, unnamed translator, Pierre Bayle, An Historical and Critical Dictionary [1697, Dictionnaire Historique et Critique; 1709, Historical and Critical Dictionary], Selected and Abridged, Volume 1, page 50,
The Abelians were only a moderate sort of Encratites and Novatians, who absolutely condemned matrimony, while the Abelians approved of and retained it.

A difference of opinion existed as to the moral effects of matrimony among the early Christians; the Abelians, for instance, suffered no member of their sect to remain single, while the Novatians condemned marriage under every circumstance.

1833, James Flamank, A Treatise on Happiness, page 222:

If we include heretical sects there is perhaps some similarity to be traced between the syneisaktism of certain Catholic enthusiasts and the customs of the Abelians or Abelonians, who took their name from Abel.

1951, Reginald Reynolds, Beds: with many noteworthy instances of lying on, under, or about them, Doubleday, page 256:

(Christianity, historical) A member of a sect in fourth-century Africa mentioned by St. Augustine, who states that they married but lived in continence after the manner, as they claimed, of Abel.


Blessed

(Roman Catholicism) An epithet indicating that a person has been beatified.


dato

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Compare with Fijian ratu, Javanese ꦫꦠꦸ (ratu), and Malay datu / datuk. Doublet of datu.


Antichrist

From Middle English Antecrist, from late Old English Antecrist, from Late Latin antichristus, from Ancient Greek ἀντίχριστος (antíkhristos). By surface analysis, anti- + Christ.
The modern spelling of the word is due to an effort to reflect the Latin etymon.

der

(Christianity, Islam) A false messiah who, under direct control of the Devil, will usher in the abomination in the end times; a false prophet.

Antikrishti

one under the direct control of the Devil


Antichrist

de-proper noun

der Antichrist m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Antichristen or des Antichrists)

der Antichrist (canonical masculine)
des Antichristen (definite genitive)
des Antichrists (definite genitive)
Antichrist (definite nominative singular)
Antichristen (definite genitive singular)
Antichrists (definite genitive singular)
Antichristen (dative definite singular)
Antichrist (accusative definite singular)


Antichrist

de-noun

Antichrist m (weak, genitive Antichristen, plural Antichristen)

Antichristen (genitive)
Antichristen (plural)
Antichrist (nominative singular)
Antichristen (definite nominative plural)
Antichristen (genitive singular)
Antichristen (definite genitive plural)
Antichristen (dative singular)
Antichristen (dative definite plural)
Antichristen (accusative singular)
Antichristen (accusative definite plural)


Communion

(Christianity) Alternative letter-case form of communion (“Holy Communion”)


Advent

(Christianity) The first or the expected second coming of Christ.

(Christianity) The period or season of the Christian church year between Advent Sunday and Christmas.


Advent

Advent m (strong, genitive Adventes or Advents, plural Advente)

Adventes (genitive)
Advents (genitive)
Advente (plural)
Advent (nominative singular)
Advente (definite nominative plural)
Adventes (genitive singular)
Advents (genitive singular)
Advente (definite genitive plural)
Advent (dative singular)
Advente (dative singular)
Adventen (dative definite plural)
Advent (accusative singular)
Advente (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German advente, borrowed from Latin adventus.

Advent, Advent, ein Lichtlein brennt.

Erst eins, dann zwei, dann drei, dann vier;

First one, then two, then three, then four;

Dann steht das Christkind vor der Tür.

Then the Christkind is at the door. (A nursery rhyme.)


Advent

Àdvent (canonical masculine)
А̀двент (Cyrillic)
Advent (nominative singular)
Adventa (genitive singular)
Adventu (dative singular)
Advent (accusative singular)
Advente (singular vocative)
Adventu (locative singular)
Adventom (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Latin adventus (“coming to”), perfect passive participle form of verb advenīre (“come to”).

bor+

(Christianity) Advent (the first or the expected second coming of Christ)


commune

en-verb

commune (third-person singular simple present communes, present participle communing, simple past and past participle communed)

communes (present singular third-person)
communing (participle present)
communed (participle past)
communed (past)

From Middle English communen, comunen, from Old French comunier, communier (“to share”), from Latin commūnico. Doublet of communicate.

Namely, in these things, in prohibiting that none should commune alone, in making the People whole Communers, or in suffering them to Commune under both kinds […]

1681, Gilbert Burnet, “[A Collection of Records, and Original Papers; with Other Instruments Referred to in the Second Part of the History of the Reformation of the Church of England.] Book I.”, in The History of the Reformation of the Church of England. The Second Part, […], London: […] T[homas] H[odgkin] for Richard Chiswell, […], →OCLC, page 207:

(Christianity, intransitive) To receive the communion.


Cross

* As an English surname, from the noun cross, as in crossroads. Also a calque of this word in various European languages, such as French Lacroix, German Kreutz, Serbo-Croatian Križ. Compare Crouch, Crozier, Kriz.
* As an Irish surname, shortened from McCrossen.
* As a German surname, Americanized from Kross, from Middle Low German krus (“pitcher, vessel”), which is possibly an old Germanic borrowing of Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”). Also a variant of Kress.

der

(Christianity) The cross on which Jesus died and, in metonymical uses, such as to refer to Christ's suffering in general.


Dio

From Latin Deus, from deus, from earlier *dẹ̄vos, from Old Latin deivos, from Proto-Italic *deiwos, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós. Cognate with English deity.


Dio

2024, Franco Alpini, Andrea Alpini, La Bébia In Dialét Rumagnól, Genesis 1:1

In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.

In te prinzipi Dio e creét i zil e la tèra.


Apocalypse

From Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis, “revelation”).

(Christianity) Revelation (last book of the Bible, composed of twenty-two chapters, which narrates the end of times)


úr

urak (plural)
úr (nominative singular)
urak (nominative plural)
urat (accusative singular)
urakat (accusative plural)
úrnak (dative singular)
uraknak (dative plural)
úrral (instrumental singular)
urakkal (instrumental plural)
úrért (causal-final singular)
urakért (causal-final plural)
úrrá (singular translative)
urakká (plural translative)
úrig (singular terminative)
urakig (plural terminative)
úrként (essive-formal singular)
urakként (essive-formal plural)
úrban (inessive singular)
urakban (inessive plural)
úron (singular superessive)
urakon (plural superessive)
úrnál (adessive singular)
uraknál (adessive plural)
úrba (illative singular)
urakba (illative plural)
úrra (singular sublative)
urakra (plural sublative)
úrhoz (allative singular)
urakhoz (allative plural)
úrból (elative singular)
urakból (elative plural)
úrról (delative singular)
urakról (delative plural)
úrtól (ablative singular)
uraktól (ablative plural)
úré (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
uraké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
úréi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
urakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
uram (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
uraim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
urad (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
uraid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
ura (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
urai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
urunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
uraink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
uratok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
uraitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
uruk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
uraik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

# From Proto-Finno-Ugric *urɜ (“man, male”).
Less likely
# Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *ūŕ (“master, craftsman”). Compare Karakhanid اُوزْ (ūz, “skillful”) and Mongolian ур (ur, “handicraft, skill, craft”) which was probably also borrowed from Turkic.
# From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu-Hri-, cf. Sanskrit sūrí (“lord, sacrificial lord”)

cog

1908, revised Bible translation of Gáspár Károlyi, Isaiah 48:17

Thus says the Lord, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord your God, who teaches you for your own good, who leads you in the way you should go.

Így szól az Úr, Megváltód, Izráelnek Szentje: Én vagyok az Úr, Istened, ki tanítlak hasznosra, és vezetlek oly úton, a melyen járnod kell.

(Judaism, Christianity, capitalized) Lord


Deva

Déva (canonical feminine)
Де́ва (Cyrillic)


protector

From Middle English protectour, from Anglo-Norman protectour, protector, from Latin prōtēctor, from prōtegō (“shield, protect”). Displaced native Old English sċildend.

(Roman Catholicism) A cardinal, from one of the more considerable Roman Catholic nations, who looks after the interests of his people at Rome; also, a cardinal who has the same relation to a college, religious order, etc.


Gospel

(Christianity) Alternative form of gospel


confession

en-noun

confession (countable and uncountable, plural confessions)

From Middle English confessioun, from Old French confession, from Latin cōnfessiō, cōnfessiōnem (“confession, acknowledgment, creed or avowal of one's faith”). Displaced native Old English andetnes. Doublet of confessio.
Morphologically confess + -ion.

der

I went to confession and now I feel much better about what I had done.

Hauing diſpleaſ'd my Father, to Lawrence Cell, / To make confeſſion, and to be abſolu'd.

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

sacrament of reconciliation
sacrament of reconciliation

(Christianity) The disclosure of one's sins to a priest for absolution. In the Roman Catholic Church, it is now also termed the sacrament of reconciliation.


Cruz

(Christianity) True Cross (cross on which Christ was crucified)


General

de-noun

General m (strong, genitive Generales or Generals, plural Generäle or Generale, feminine Generälin or Generalin)

Generales (genitive)
Generals (genitive)
Generäle (plural)
Generale (plural)
Generälin (feminine)
Generalin (feminine)
General (nominative singular)
Generäle (definite nominative plural)
Generale (definite nominative plural)
Generales (genitive singular)
Generals (genitive singular)
Generäle (definite genitive plural)
Generale (definite genitive plural)
General (dative singular)
Generale (dative singular)
Generälen (dative definite plural)
Generalen (dative definite plural)
General (accusative singular)
Generäle (accusative definite plural)
Generale (accusative definite plural)

→ Bulgarian: генера́л (generál)

→ Russian: генера́л (generál) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: general, генерал

→ Slovene: general

→ Swedish: general
→ Finnish: kenraali

/ˌɡɛ.nəˈʁaːl/

Partly via Middle High German general, partly via French général, from Latin generālis.

(Roman Catholicism) general (head of an order)


Gloria

/ˈɡlɔːɹ.ɪ.ə/

/ˈɡlɔːɹ.iː.ə/

From Latin gloria (“glory”), first used as a name in 19th-century literature.

“What did the priest, and all of you, keep on saying when we first went in?” / “Our Fathers, Hail Maries, and Glorias; couldn’t you hear?” asked Emily, laughing. / “No, I should think not, you rattled on so fast- What are Hail Maries and Glorias?” / “The Gloria you know well enough, my dear, because you say it in your church at the end of every psalm,” replied Miss Horton; “the Hail Mary is a prayer to our Blessed Lady,” and she repeated it.

1872, F. A., chapter V, in Marion Howard; or Trials and Triumphs, Philadelphia: Peter F. Cunningham, […], page 100:

(Christianity) The Gloria in excelsis Deo, a hymn sung during the liturgy of many churches.


Gloria

(Christianity) the Gloria; the Greater Doxology


Lamb

And I heard a loud voice saying in heaven, Now is come salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast down, which accused them before our God day and night. And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto the death.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 12:10-11:

(See St. Paul's epistles, and the early Fathers.) And we have the expression "washed in the blood of the Lamb" adopted into the Christian Church.

1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., published 1921, page 40:


Ka

Ka (canonical)
Kâ (canonical)
ᜃ (Baybayin)

From clipping of kapatid (“sibling; brother; sister”).

clipping

Ka Felix

Iglesia ni Cristo
Iglesia ni Cristo#English

term of address used by members of Iglesia ni Cristo to refer to other Church members


Ka

From clipping of kasama (“companion; comrade”).

Ka Amado

non-hierarchical term of address, used in socialist and communist circles: comrade


Nonconformist

(Christianity) A member of a Protestant church which does not observe the doctrines of the established church, especially of the Church of England.


Magi

/ˈmeɪˌd͡ʒaɪ/

Adoration of the Magi
Historical Museum Bamberg
Lucas Cranach the Elder

From magi (plural of magus (“magician; (derogatory) conjurer or sorcerer, especially one who is a charlatan or trickster; Zoroastrian priest”)), from Middle English mages, magi or Magi, magy or Magy (“men possessing occult knowledge; astrologers, philosophers, sorcerers”), from Latin magī, from magus (“magician; (derogatory) conjurer or sorcerer, especially one who is a charlatan or trickster; Zoroastrian priest”) + -ī (suffix forming nominative or vocative masculine plurals). Magus is derived from Ancient Greek μάγος (mágos), Μάγος (Mágos, “magician; (derogatory) conjurer, sorcerer; Zoroastrian priest”) (plural μᾰ́γοι (mágoi), Μᾰ́γοι (Mágoi)), from Old Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬕𐬎 (moġu), Old Median and Old Persian 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 (m-gu-u-š /maγu-/, title of a person?)), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able, have power; power; sorcerer”).

ref

From the collection of the Historical Museum Bamberg in Bamberg, Upper Franconia, Germany.

der

A rich Tabernacle where is kept the head of Saint Euſtorgio, and the Tomb of the three Magi, with this inſcription. Sepulchrum Trium Magorum, where lay the Bodies of thoſe Magi, which were brought hither by Saint Euſtorgio, in Anno 330. when he came laſt out of the Eaſt, but many yeers after, this City being deſtroyed by Fedrick Barbaroſſa, in Anno 1163.

1660, Edmund Warcupp, transl., Italy, in its Original Glory, Ruine and Revival, London, →OCLC, page 70:

(Christianity) Chiefly preceded by the (three): the wise men who visited and gave gifts to the baby Jesus at the Epiphany (traditionally considered to be three in number and sometimes named Balthazar, Caspar, and Melchior, but the Bible does not state how many there were or their names).


Maria

pl-prop

Maria f (diminutive Marysia or Marynia or Mania, augmentative Marycha)

Marysia (diminutive)
Marynia (diminutive)
Mania (diminutive)
Marycha (augmentative)
Maria (nominative singular)
Marie (nominative plural)
Marii (genitive singular)
Marii (genitive plural)
Maryj (archaic genitive plural)
Marii (dative singular)
Mariom (dative plural)
Marię (accusative singular)
Marie (accusative plural)
Marią (instrumental singular)
Mariami (instrumental plural)
Marii (locative singular)
Mariach (locative plural)
Mario (singular vocative)
Marie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Marīa. Doublet of Maryja.

(uncountable, biblical, Christianity, dated) Mary (mother of Jesus)


Nativity

(Christianity) The birth of Jesus as described in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke.


Padre

Padre Damaso

Father (term of address for a Christian priest)


Parole

Au commencement était la Parole, et la Parole était avec Dieu, et la Parole était Dieu.

1979, La Bible, Nouvelle Édition de Genève, Jean 1:1:

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.


Pasko

Early borrowing from Spanish pascua, ellipsis of Spanish Pascua de Navidad, from Vulgar Latin pascua, from Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pesakh). Doublet of Paskuwa.

der

Noong Pasko nagpunta kami sa inyo.


Epiphany

en-noun

Epiphany (countable and uncountable, plural Epiphanies)

Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery
Edward Burne-Jones

ref

From the collection of the Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.

That was also the reason why the Feast of the Epiphany, commemorating the three epiphanies of Christ's divinity, His Baptism, the Miracle of Cana, and the Visit of the Magi, was one of the most favorite feasts in the Eastern Church[…]

1998, Maurice B. McNamee, Vested Angels: Eucharistic Allusions in Early Netherlandish Paintings, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 167:

A manifestation of the divinity of Jesus Christ, especially to the Magi (Matthew 2:1–12), but also at his baptism and the Wedding at Cana.

On the Festival of the Epiphany, and on the six Sundays called after its name, we have distinct pictures held up to our view connected with the life of Jesus of Nazareth[…]

1878, Haskett Smith, The divine Epiphany, page 9:

The Epiphany, also known as the Feast of the Three Kings, Feast of Lights and Little Christmas, is known to have been observed earlier than 194 A.D.[…]

2003 11, Rock DiLisio, Three Kings of Casablanca: The Trek to Treasure, iUniverse, →ISBN:

An annual Christian feast celebrating these events, usually on January 6, the twelfth day after Christmas.

The day of the celebration, January 6, or sometimes (in Western Christianity), the Sunday between January 2 and 8.

The season or time of the Christian church year, either from the Epiphany feast day to Shrove Tuesday (the day before Ash Wednesday, the start of Lent), or from the Epiphany feast day to the feast of Candlemas (marking the presentation of Jesus Christ in the Temple in Jerusalem).


Epiphany

𐔰𐕄𐕒𐕡𐕄𐕆𐔶𐕒𐕡𐕎

annual Christian feast celebrating this event

härkäviikot

season or time of the Christian church year


Passion

From Latin Passiō, a proper-noun use of passiō (“suffering”) (a sense of passion which is now obsolete or archaic in English).

Empty bread, empty mouths, combien réaction.
Empty bread, empty mouths, talk about the Passion.
Not everyone can carry the weight of the world.
Not everyone can carry the weight of the world.

1983 April 12, R.E.M. (lyrics and music), “Talk About The Passion”, in Murmur:

(Christianity) The sufferings of Jesus Christ from the night of the Last Supper to the Crucifixion.


Passion

de-noun

Passion f (genitive Passion, plural Passionen)

Passion (genitive)
Passionen (plural)
Passion (nominative singular)
Passionen (definite nominative plural)
Passion (genitive singular)
Passionen (definite genitive plural)
Passion (dative singular)
Passionen (dative definite plural)
Passion (accusative singular)
Passionen (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Latin passio, partially through French passion.

(Christianity) Passion (the suffering of Christ)


Passion

Spanish: Pasión

Borrowed from Latin passiōnem, accusative singular of passiō (“suffering”), from patior (“I suffer, endure”).

Sant pablo q̃ ante auie nõbre ſaulus fue del tribu de beniamin naſcio en iuda e al ſegũdo año ap̃s dela paſſiõ de iħu xp̃o baptizo ananias e damaſco […]

c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 79r:

Saint Paul, who before had the name Saul, was of the tribe of Benjamin. He was born in Judea, and in the second year after the Passion of Jesus Christ Ananias baptized [him] in Damascus […]


Pere

le Pere (canonical masculine)
Pere (nominative singular)


Rapture

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Rapture.wav

(Christianity) a prophesied sudden removal of Christian believers from the Earth before the Tribulation or simultaneous with the second coming of Jesus Christ


Lent

Shortened form of Lenten, from Old English lencten, from Proto-West Germanic *langatīn (“spring”), as in a season into which days lengthen as it progresses. Related to German Lenz and Dutch lente (“springtime”).

الصَّوْم الْأَرْبَعِينِيّ

Christian period of penitence before Easter

(Christianity) A period of the ecclesiastical year preceding Easter, traditionally involving temporary abstention from certain foods and pleasures.

(Eastern Christianity) The 40 days preceding Lazarus Saturday, the Saturday preceding Holy Week.

(Roman Catholicism) The 46 days preceding Easter, reckoned as 40 days by excluding Sundays.

Hezekiah gave up vaping for Lent.


Prophet

(Christianity, Judaism) Any of the prophets mentioned in the Bible, especially an author of one of the Prophets.

پێغەمەر

any of the prophets mentioned in the Bible, Quran, or Torah


Natal

From Malay Natal, from Portuguese Natal, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

der

(Christianity) Christmas (festival observed on December 25 commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ)


Natal

Indonesian: Natal

Borrowed from Portuguese Natal (via any dialects in contact with the Portuguese like Ambonese, Ternate etc) or creoles like Kristang, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

(Malacca, Christianity) Christmas; a festival/holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan and secular customs, which is celebrated on December 25 in most places.


Panna

Panna (nominative singular)
Panny (genitive singular)
Pannie (dative singular)
Pannę (accusative singular)
Panną (instrumental singular)
Pannie (locative singular)
Panno (singular vocative)

(biblical, Christianity, theology) the Virgin, in particular Virgin Mary


Father

(Christianity) God, the father of Creation.

(Christianity) God the Father, who eternally begets the Son.