square

→ Welsh: sgwâr

From Middle English square, sqware, squyre; from Old French esquarre, esquerre, (modern French équerre), from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from Latin ex- + quadro, from quadrus (compare English quad and quadra). Doublet of squad and squadra.
Displaced Old English fēowerecge (fēower nominative + ecg accusative, as in "four-edged").


adjunct

/ˈæd͡ʒ.ʌŋkt/

From Latin adiunctus, perfect passive participle of adiungō (“join to”), from ad + iungō (“join”). Doublet of adjoint.

(brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.


pin

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: pins

→ Polish: pin

→ Spanish: pin

→ Swahili: pini

→ Swedish: pin, pins

From Middle English pinne, from Old English pinn (“pin, peg, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *pinnaz, *pinnō, *pint- (“protruding point, peak, peg, pin, nail”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“protruding object, pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pen (“enclosure”).
Cognate with Dutch pin (“peg, pin”), Low German pin, pinne (“pin, point, nail, peg”), German Pinn, Pinne (“pin, tack, peg”), Bavarian Pfonzer, Pfunzer (“sharpened point”), Danish pind (“pin, pointed stick”), Norwegian pinn (“stick”), Swedish pinne (“peg, rod, stick”), Icelandic pinni (“pin”). More at pintle.
No relation to classical Latin pinna (“fin, flipper, wing-like appendage, wing, feather”), which was extended to mean "ridge, peak, point" (compare pinnacle), and often confused with Latin penna (“wing, feather”). More at feather and pen (Etymology 3).

cog

Our ground crew were lodged in the main station, but they came to the cottage for a party when operations for the night had been cancelled and we had a new ‘gong’ (decoration) to celebrate. On these occasions we always installed a pin of bitter.

1978, Hugh Verity, chapter 2, in We landed by moonlight, Manchester: Crécy Publishing, →ISBN, page 22=:

(UK, brewing) A size of brewery cask, equal to half a firkin, or eighth of a barrel.


mash

en-noun

mash (countable and uncountable, plural mashes)

From Middle English mash, from Old English mǣsċ, māsċ, māx, from Proto-Germanic *maiskaz, *maiskō (“mixture, mash”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyǵ-, *meyḱ- (“to mix”). Akin to German Meisch, Maische (“mash”), (compare meischen, maischen (“to mash, wash”)), Swedish mäsk (“mash”), and to Old English miscian (“to mix”). See mix.

(brewing) Ground or bruised malt, or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort.


pitch

en-verb

pitch (third-person singular simple present pitches, present participle pitching, simple past and past participle pitched or (obsolete) pight)

pitches (present singular third-person)
pitching (participle present)
pitched (participle past)
pitched (past)
pight (obsolete participle past)
pight (obsolete past)

Spanish: pichar

From Middle English picchen, pycchen (“to thrust in, fasten, settle”), from Old English *piċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *pikkijan, a variant of Proto-West Germanic *pikkōn (“to pick, peck”), whence Middle English pikken, picken (“to pick, pierce”), modern English pick.

cog

except for the cell growth which is higher for the yeast pitched with lower vitality

2004 September 1, L. F. Guido, P. G. Rodrigues, J. A. Rodrigues, C. R. Gonçalves, A. A. Barros, “The impact of the physiological condition of the pitching yeast on beer flavour stability: an industrial approach”, in Food Chemistry, volume 87, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 187–193:

five pitching rates were applied to lab-scale fermentations to investigate its impact on the yeast

2009 February 1, P. J. Verbelen, T. M. L. Dekoninck, S. M. G. Saerens, S. E. Van Mulders, J. M. Thevelein, “Impact of pitching rate on yeast fermentation performance and beer flavour”, in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, volume 82, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 155–167:

Since yeast propagation is time and resource intensive, it is customary to serially re-pitch yeast

2019 August 1, Girmay Kalayu, “Serial re-pitching: its effect on yeast physiology, fermentation performance, and product quality”, in Annals of Microbiology, volume 69, number 8, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 787–796:

(brewing) To add yeast as a step while making beer


wort

en-noun

wort (countable and uncountable, plural worts)

From Middle English wort, worte (“infusion of grain (probably malted barley) for brewing ale or beer; unfermented or incompletely fermented beer; infusion of honey and water for making mead; unfermented decoction or infusion of other substances used for food or medicine”) [and other forms], from Old English wurt, wyrt, wyrte (“wort in brewing”), from a merger of Proto-West Germanic *wurtiju (“wort in brewing; seasoning, spice”) and *wurti (“root; spice”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrōts (“a root”): see further at etymology 1.
Cognates
* Dutch wort (“wort in brewing”)
* Middle Low German wert, werte (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”)
* Old High German wirz (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”) (Middle High German wirz, modern German Wirz (“juice; sweet liquid; unfermented beer”) (obsolete); see also German Würze (“aroma; seasoning, spice; spiciness”))
* Old Norse virtr (Danish urt (“wort in brewing”), Icelandic virt, virtur, Norwegian vørter, Swedish vört)

nb...

wirt, woort, worth, worthe, wortte, wourt, wrt, wurt, wurte

cog

Nay then tvvo treyes, an if you grovv ſo nice, / Methegline, VVort, and Malmſey; […]

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 138, column 2:

VVhen they make drink vvith them, they take 10 or 12 ripe Plantains and maſh them vvell in a Trough: then they put tvvo gallons of VVater among them; and this in tvvo hours time vvill ferment and froth like VVort: In four hours it is fit to drink; and then they bottle it and drink it as they have occaſion: […]

1697, William Dampier, chapter XI, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […], →OCLC, page 314:

Making the wort with nothing but barley malt and hot water is the standard method in Germany, and in many U.S. microbreweries.

2004, Harold McGee, “Wine, Beer, and Distilled Spirits”, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, revised edition, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 747:

They discovered what are called "wild" or "spontaneously fermented" beers, in which fermentation is induced not by pitching commercially produced yeast into an enclosed tank, but by letting the wild yeasts floating in the air interact with the wort to turn it into alcohol.

2017, Jon C. Stott, “The Birds and the Yeasts in Tillamook”, in Beer 101 North: Craft Breweries and Brewpubs of the Washington and Oregon Coasts, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN, page 110:

(brewing, distilling) Also worts: a liquid extracted from mash (ground malt or some other grain soaked in hot water), which is then fermented to make beer, or fermented and distilled to make a malt liquor such as whisky.


log

log m (definite singular logen, indefinite plural logar, definite plural logane)

logen (definite singular)
logar (indefinite plural)
logane (definite plural)
Log (alternative)

From Old Norse lǫgr (“lake, liquid”), from Proto-Germanic *laguz, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“pond, pool”). Cognates include Latin lacus and Scottish Gaelic loch.

inh

a fluid used in the boiling of plant material

(brewing) hot water poured over the malt during the brewing process


couch

→ German: Couch

→ Serbo-Croatian: кауч /kauč

From Middle English couche, cowche, from Old French couche, from the verb (see below). Doublet of cwtch.

a couch of malt

MALTING IN MUNICH. The barley is steeped till the acrospire, in embryo, or seed germ, seems to be quickened; […] As long however as the seed-gum sticks to the husk, it has not been steeped enough for exposure to the underground malt-floor: nor can deficient steeping be safely made up for afterwards by sprinkling the malt couch with a watering can, which is apt to render the malting irregular. […] It [the barley] is now taken out and laid on the couch floor, in a square heap, eight to ten inches high, and it is turned over morning and evening with dexterity, so as to throw the middle portion upon the top and bottom of the new made couch.

1849, William Ford, “Malting”, in An Historical Account of the Malt Trade and Laws, Shewing the Decline, and Causes of the Decline in the Consumption of Malt; with a Practical Treatise on Malting and Brewing, Deduced from Thirty Years Experience, London: Published by the author, 10, West Square, St. George's, Southwark, and 5, Talbot Court, Gracechurch Street, →OCLC, pages 125–126:

(brewing) A mass of steeped barley spread upon a floor to germinate, in malting; or the floor occupied by the barley.


haze

en-noun

haze (usually uncountable, plural hazes)

* The earliest instances are of the latter part of the 17th century.
* Possibly back-formation from hazy.
* Compare Old Norse höss (“grey”), akin to Old English hasu (“gray”).

мътност

loss of transparency in a clear solid or liquid

Various clarifying and fining agents are used in winemaking to remove hazes.

1985, Philip Jackisch, Modern Winemaking, →ISBN, page 69:

(countable, brewing) Any substance causing turbidity in beer or wine.


keel

From Middle English kelen, from Old English cēlan (“to cool, to make or become cool”), from Proto-West Germanic *kōlijan, from Proto-Germanic *kōlijaną (“to cool”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian käile, köile (“to cool”), Dutch koelen (“to cool”), German Low German köhlen (“to cool”), German kühlen (“to cool”), Danish køle (“to cool”), Icelandic kæla (“to cool”).

inh

(brewing) A broad, flat vessel used for cooling liquids; a brewer's cooling vat; a keelfat.


rack

en-verb

rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)

racks (present singular third-person)
racking (participle present)
racked (participle past)
racked (past)

It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner.

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

The Darwin administrator, J.C. Archer, with great ceremony, turned on the flow to rack the precious golden stuff into casks.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 108:

(brewing) To clarify, and thereby deter further fermentation of, beer, wine or cider by draining or siphoning it from the dregs.

klaren

brewing: to clarify by draining or siphoning from the dregs


tun

tuns (plural)
tunne (alternative obsolete)
tonne (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English tunne, tonne (“cask, barrel”), from Old English tunne (“tun, cask, barrel”), from Proto-Germanic *tunnǭ, *tunnō (“tun, barrel, cask”), from Latin tunna, probably of Gaulish origin.
Cognate with North Frisian tenn (“tun, barrel, cask”), Dutch ton (“tun, barrel, cask”), German Tonne (“tun, barrel, drum”), Danish tønde (“barrel”), Swedish tunna (“barrel, cask, tun”), Icelandic tunna (“barrel”). Compare also Old French tonne, French tonneau (“ton, barrel”), Medieval Latin tunna (“cask”), Middle Irish tunna (“cask”), Welsh tynell (“tun, barrel”). It is uncertain whether the Germanic or the Celtic forms are the original.


sparge

Borrowed from Middle French espargier, from Latin spargō (whence English sparse), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”).


fret

en-verb

fret (third-person singular simple present frets, present participle fretting, simple past fretted or fret or frate, past participle fretted or (usually in compounds) fretten)

frets (present singular third-person)
fretting (participle present)
fretted (past)
fret (past)
frate (past)
fretted (participle past)
fretten (in-compounds participle past usually)

From Middle English frēten (“to eat (at), corrode, destroy, annoy”), from Old English fretan (“to eat up, devour; to fret; to break, burst”), from Proto-West Germanic *fraetan, from Proto-Germanic *fraetaną (“to consume, devour, eat up”), from Proto-Germanic *fra- (“for-, prefix meaning ‘completely, fully’”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forward, toward”)) + *etaną (“to eat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”)).
The senses meaning “to chafe, rub” could also be due to sound-association with Anglo-Norman *freiter (modern dialectal French fretter), from Vulgar Latin *frictāre, frequentative of Latin fricāre, from fricō (“to chafe, rub”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut”); compare Old French froter (modern French frotter). The chief difficulty is the lack of evidence of the Old French word.
Cognates
*Dutch vreten, fretten (“to devour, hog, wolf”)
*Low German freten (“to eat up”)
*German fressen (“to devour, gobble up, guzzle”)
*Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (fraitan, “to devour”)
*Swedish fräta (“to eat away, corrode, fret”)
*Danish fråse (“to gorge”)

cog

If their Cherries are full ripe and ſweet, they put only a Pound and an half of good Sugar to each gallon of Liquor, ſtir it well together, and cover it cloſe, and ſtir it no more till the next Day, then pour it carefully off the Lees as before; then let it ſtand again, and do the ſame the next Day into the Veſſel they keep it in: This may be repeated oftner, if they ſee the Lees are groſs, and like to make it fret when it is ſettled, then ſtop it up till ſeven or eight Months are paſs'd; at which time if perfectly fine, they bottle it; [...]

1725, [Noël] Chomel, “CHERRY-WINE”, in R[ichard] Bradley, editor, Dictionaire Oeconomique: Or, The Family Dictionary. […], volume I (A–H), London: […] D[aniel] Midwinter, […], →OCLC:

It is important to allow beer to flatten, after it has ceased working. This is accomplished by leaving the casks open, when the small floating particles of yeast part with their fixed air, lose their buoyancy, and sink to the bottom. [...] The beer having thus deposited its remaining yeast will not be liable to fret.

1856, “The Art of Brewing”, in The Brewer: A Familiar Treatise on the Art of Brewing, with Directions for the Selection of Malt and Hops, &c., &c.: Instructions for Making Cider and British Wines: Also, a Description of the New and Improved Brewing Saccharometer and Slide Rule, with Full Instructions for Their Use, London: William R[obert] Loftus, 6, Beaufoy Terrace, Edgeware Road, →OCLC, page 50:

secondary fermentation
secondary fermentation

(intransitive, brewing, oenology) To have secondary fermentation (fermentation occurring after the conversion of sugar to alcohol in beers and wine) take place.


attenuation

en-noun

attenuation (countable and uncountable, plural attenuations)

From Middle English attenuacioun, a borrowing from Latin attenuātiō (“a diminishing”). Equivalent to attenuate + -ion.

(brewing) The proportion of sugar that is converted to ethanol by a yeast.


attenuate

en-verb

attenuate (third-person singular simple present attenuates, present participle attenuating, simple past and past participle attenuated)

attenuates (present singular third-person)
attenuating (participle present)
attenuated (participle past)
attenuated (past)

The verb if first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itsef from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).

A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.

2009 July–August, John Palmer, “Attenuation: Advanced Brewing”, in Brew Your Own, archived from the original on 2013-10-06:

(brewing) (of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol.


Würze

Würze (genitive)
Würzen (plural)
Würze (nominative singular)
Würzen (definite nominative plural)
Würze (genitive singular)
Würzen (definite genitive plural)
Würze (dative singular)
Würzen (dative definite plural)
Würze (accusative singular)
Würzen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German würze (ca. 1300). The form could go back through Old High German *wurza to a possible Proto-West Germanic *wurtiju, for which speaks Old Saxon wurtia. However, Pfeifer considers it a collective use of the plural of wurz (“herb, spice”), from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, *wurtiz, merged with Middle and Old High German wirz (“beerwort”), from Proto-Germanic *wirtiz, itself an ablaut variant of the former (compare Middle Low German werte, Old Norse virtr). See also Gewürz.


brewer's yeast

(brewing) Any live yeast used in brewing or yeast obtained as a by-product of brewing, dried and killed, and used as nutritional yeast.

Brauhefe

yeast used in brewing or yeast obtained as a by-product of brewing, used as nutritional yeast


racking

en-noun

racking (countable and uncountable, plural rackings)

(brewing) The process of clarifying, and thereby deterring further fermentation of, beer, wine or cider by draining or siphoning it from the dregs.


keeve

keeves (plural)
kieve (alternative)
kive (alternative)

From Middle English kive, from Old English cȳf (“vat”), from Proto-West Germanic *kūbiju, a diminutive of Proto-Germanic *kūbaz, perhaps from Latin cūpa. Related to French cuve. Doublet of coupe, cup, and hive.

In order to avoid a great deal of trouble, and to perform the vvork more effectually, by diveſting the nevv made Cyder of vvhat pummice and other impurities remain; after ſtraining it through a hair ſieve, on its coming from the VVring, or Preſs, it is neceſſary to be provided vvith a large open vat, keeve, or clive, vvhich vvill contain a vvhole pounding, or making of Cyder; or as much as can be preſſed in one day: […]

1753, Hugh Stafford, “Sect. VI. Of Proper Vessels for Receiving the Cyder for Its Fermentation; the Vigilance, Exact Care, and Attention Required in the First Fermentation of Cyder for Making It Sweet, and as Long as It Continues in a Fermenting State.”, in A Treatise on Cyder-making, Founded on Long Practice and Experience; […], London: […] E[dward] Cave, […], →OCLC, page 48:

(brewing) A vat or tub in which the mash is made; a mash tub.


mosto

Inherited from Old Spanish mosto, from Latin mustum, neuter of mustus (“fresh, young", and, of wine, "unfermented”), from Proto-Indo-European *mus-, *mews- (“damp”).


sztuka

pl-noun

sztuka f (diminutive sztuczka, abbreviation szt.)

sztuczka (diminutive)
szt. (abbreviation)
sztuka (nominative singular)
sztuki (nominative plural)
sztuki (genitive singular)
sztuk (genitive plural)
sztuce (dative singular)
sztukom (dative plural)
sztukę (accusative singular)
sztuki (accusative plural)
sztuką (instrumental singular)
sztukami (instrumental plural)
sztuce (locative singular)
sztukach (locative plural)
sztuko (singular vocative)
sztuki (plural vocative)
śtuka (alternative)

→ Russian: шту́ка (štúka)

Inherited from Old Polish sztuka. Sense 1 was derived from sense 12. Doublet of stiuk.

(obsolete, brewing) wheat brewed into malt

(obsolete, brewing) amount of malt designated for one brew


FAN

en-noun

FAN (countable and uncountable, plural FANs)

(brewing) Initialism of free amino nitrogen, amino acids available for yeast metabolism.


mäski

mäski (nominative singular)
mäskit (nominative plural)
mäski (accusative nominative singular)
mäskit (accusative nominative plural)
mäskin (accusative genitive singular)
mäskit (accusative genitive plural)
mäskin (genitive singular)
mäskien (genitive plural)
mäskiä (partitive singular)
mäskejä (partitive plural)
mäskissä (inessive singular)
mäskeissä (inessive plural)
mäskistä (elative singular)
mäskeistä (elative plural)
mäskiin (illative singular)
mäskeihin (illative plural)
mäskillä (adessive singular)
mäskeillä (adessive plural)
mäskiltä (ablative singular)
mäskeiltä (ablative plural)
mäskille (allative singular)
mäskeille (allative plural)
mäskinä (essive singular)
mäskeinä (essive plural)
mäskiksi (singular translative)
mäskeiksi (plural translative)
mäskittä (abessive singular)
mäskeittä (abessive plural)
mäskein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
mäskini (nominative singular)
mäskini (nominative plural)
mäskini (accusative nominative singular)
mäskini (accusative nominative plural)
mäskini (accusative genitive singular)
mäskini (accusative genitive plural)
mäskini (genitive singular)
mäskieni (genitive plural)
mäskiäni (partitive singular)
mäskejäni (partitive plural)
mäskissäni (inessive singular)
mäskeissäni (inessive plural)
mäskistäni (elative singular)
mäskeistäni (elative plural)
mäskiini (illative singular)
mäskeihini (illative plural)
mäskilläni (adessive singular)
mäskeilläni (adessive plural)
mäskiltäni (ablative singular)
mäskeiltäni (ablative plural)
mäskilleni (allative singular)
mäskeilleni (allative plural)
mäskinäni (essive singular)
mäskeinäni (essive plural)
mäskikseni (singular translative)
mäskeikseni (plural translative)
mäskittäni (abessive singular)
mäskeittäni (abessive plural)
mäskeineni (comitative plural)
mäskisi (nominative singular)
mäskisi (nominative plural)
mäskisi (accusative nominative singular)
mäskisi (accusative nominative plural)
mäskisi (accusative genitive singular)
mäskisi (accusative genitive plural)
mäskisi (genitive singular)
mäskiesi (genitive plural)
mäskiäsi (partitive singular)
mäskejäsi (partitive plural)
mäskissäsi (inessive singular)
mäskeissäsi (inessive plural)
mäskistäsi (elative singular)
mäskeistäsi (elative plural)
mäskiisi (illative singular)
mäskeihisi (illative plural)
mäskilläsi (adessive singular)
mäskeilläsi (adessive plural)
mäskiltäsi (ablative singular)
mäskeiltäsi (ablative plural)
mäskillesi (allative singular)
mäskeillesi (allative plural)
mäskinäsi (essive singular)
mäskeinäsi (essive plural)
mäskiksesi (singular translative)
mäskeiksesi (plural translative)
mäskittäsi (abessive singular)
mäskeittäsi (abessive plural)
mäskeinesi (comitative plural)
mäskimme (nominative singular)
mäskimme (nominative plural)
mäskimme (accusative nominative singular)
mäskimme (accusative nominative plural)
mäskimme (accusative genitive singular)
mäskimme (accusative genitive plural)
mäskimme (genitive singular)
mäskiemme (genitive plural)
mäskiämme (partitive singular)
mäskejämme (partitive plural)
mäskissämme (inessive singular)
mäskeissämme (inessive plural)
mäskistämme (elative singular)
mäskeistämme (elative plural)
mäskiimme (illative singular)
mäskeihimme (illative plural)
mäskillämme (adessive singular)
mäskeillämme (adessive plural)
mäskiltämme (ablative singular)
mäskeiltämme (ablative plural)
mäskillemme (allative singular)
mäskeillemme (allative plural)
mäskinämme (essive singular)
mäskeinämme (essive plural)
mäskiksemme (singular translative)
mäskeiksemme (plural translative)
mäskittämme (abessive singular)
mäskeittämme (abessive plural)
mäskeinemme (comitative plural)
mäskinne (nominative singular)
mäskinne (nominative plural)
mäskinne (accusative nominative singular)
mäskinne (accusative nominative plural)
mäskinne (accusative genitive singular)
mäskinne (accusative genitive plural)
mäskinne (genitive singular)
mäskienne (genitive plural)
mäskiänne (partitive singular)
mäskejänne (partitive plural)
mäskissänne (inessive singular)
mäskeissänne (inessive plural)
mäskistänne (elative singular)
mäskeistänne (elative plural)
mäskiinne (illative singular)
mäskeihinne (illative plural)
mäskillänne (adessive singular)
mäskeillänne (adessive plural)
mäskiltänne (ablative singular)
mäskeiltänne (ablative plural)
mäskillenne (allative singular)
mäskeillenne (allative plural)
mäskinänne (essive singular)
mäskeinänne (essive plural)
mäskiksenne (singular translative)
mäskeiksenne (plural translative)
mäskittänne (abessive singular)
mäskeittänne (abessive plural)
mäskeinenne (comitative plural)
mäskinsä (nominative singular)
mäskinsä (nominative plural)
mäskinsä (accusative nominative singular)
mäskinsä (accusative nominative plural)
mäskinsä (accusative genitive singular)
mäskinsä (accusative genitive plural)
mäskinsä (genitive singular)
mäskiensä (genitive plural)
mäskiään (partitive singular)
mäskiänsä (partitive singular)
mäskejään (partitive plural)
mäskejänsä (partitive plural)
mäskissään (inessive singular)
mäskissänsä (inessive singular)
mäskeissään (inessive plural)
mäskeissänsä (inessive plural)
mäskistään (elative singular)
mäskistänsä (elative singular)
mäskeistään (elative plural)
mäskeistänsä (elative plural)
mäskiinsä (illative singular)
mäskeihinsä (illative plural)
mäskillään (adessive singular)
mäskillänsä (adessive singular)
mäskeillään (adessive plural)
mäskeillänsä (adessive plural)
mäskiltään (ablative singular)
mäskiltänsä (ablative singular)
mäskeiltään (ablative plural)
mäskeiltänsä (ablative plural)
mäskilleen (allative singular)
mäskillensä (allative singular)
mäskeilleen (allative plural)
mäskeillensä (allative plural)
mäskinään (essive singular)
mäskinänsä (essive singular)
mäskeinään (essive plural)
mäskeinänsä (essive plural)
mäskikseen (singular translative)
mäskiksensä (singular translative)
mäskeikseen (plural translative)
mäskeiksensä (plural translative)
mäskittään (abessive singular)
mäskittänsä (abessive singular)
mäskeittään (abessive plural)
mäskeittänsä (abessive plural)
mäskeineen (comitative plural)
mäskeinensä (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish mäsk, itself from Middle Low German mēsch, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *maiskaz.

(brewing) mash (ground or bruised malt for making wort; the solid part of grains left behind after lautering)


sats

sats m (definite singular satsen, indefinite plural satsar, definite plural satsane)

satsen (definite singular)
satsar (indefinite plural)
satsane (definite plural)

(brewing) a mixture set to ferment into hard liquor


siivilöidä

siivilöin (first-person indicative present singular)
en siivilöi (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen siivilöinyt (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole siivilöinyt (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
siivilöit (indicative present second-person singular)
et siivilöi (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet siivilöinyt (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole siivilöinyt (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
siivilöi (indicative present singular third-person)
ei siivilöi (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on siivilöinyt (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole siivilöinyt (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
siivilöimme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme siivilöi (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme siivilöineet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole siivilöineet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
siivilöitte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette siivilöi (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette siivilöineet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole siivilöineet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
siivilöivät (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät siivilöi (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat siivilöineet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole siivilöineet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
siivilöidään (indicative passive present)
ei siivilöidä (indicative negative passive present)
on siivilöity (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole siivilöity (indicative negative passive perfect)
siivilöin (first-person indicative past singular)
en siivilöinyt (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin siivilöinyt (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut siivilöinyt (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
siivilöit (indicative past second-person singular)
et siivilöinyt (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit siivilöinyt (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut siivilöinyt (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
siivilöi (indicative past singular third-person)
ei siivilöinyt (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli siivilöinyt (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut siivilöinyt (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
siivilöimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme siivilöineet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme siivilöineet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet siivilöineet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
siivilöitte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette siivilöineet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte siivilöineet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet siivilöineet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
siivilöivät (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät siivilöineet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat siivilöineet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet siivilöineet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
siivilöitiin (indicative passive past)
ei siivilöity (indicative negative passive past)
oli siivilöity (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut siivilöity (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
siivilöisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en siivilöisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin siivilöinyt (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi siivilöinyt (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
siivilöisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et siivilöisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit siivilöinyt (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi siivilöinyt (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
siivilöisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei siivilöisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi siivilöinyt (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi siivilöinyt (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
siivilöisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme siivilöisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme siivilöineet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi siivilöineet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
siivilöisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette siivilöisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte siivilöineet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi siivilöineet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
siivilöisivät (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät siivilöisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat siivilöineet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi siivilöineet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
siivilöitäisiin (conditional passive present)
ei siivilöitäisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi siivilöity (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi siivilöity (conditional negative passive perfect)
siivilöi (imperative present second-person singular)
älä siivilöi (imperative negative present second-person singular)
siivilöiköön (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön siivilöikö (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon siivilöinyt (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko siivilöinyt (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
siivilöikäämme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme siivilöikö (first-person imperative negative plural present)
siivilöikää (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää siivilöikö (imperative negative plural present second-person)
siivilöikööt (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt siivilöikö (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot siivilöineet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko siivilöineet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
siivilöitäköön (imperative passive present)
älköön siivilöitäkö (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon siivilöity (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko siivilöity (imperative negative passive perfect)
siivilöinen (first-person potential present singular)
en siivilöine (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen siivilöinyt (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene siivilöinyt (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
siivilöinet (potential present second-person singular)
et siivilöine (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet siivilöinyt (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene siivilöinyt (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
siivilöinee (potential present singular third-person)
ei siivilöine (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee siivilöinyt (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene siivilöinyt (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
siivilöinemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme siivilöine (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme siivilöineet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene siivilöineet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
siivilöinette (plural potential present second-person)
ette siivilöine (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette siivilöineet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene siivilöineet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
siivilöinevät (plural potential present third-person)
eivät siivilöine (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät siivilöineet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene siivilöineet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
siivilöitäneen (passive potential present)
ei siivilöitäne (negative passive potential present)
lienee siivilöity (passive perfect potential)
ei liene siivilöity (negative passive perfect potential)
siivilöidä (infinitive infinitive-i)
siivilöivä (active participle present)
siivilöitävä (participle passive present)
siivilöidäkseni (first-person possessive singular)
siivilöidäksemme (first-person plural possessive)
siivilöidäksesi (possessive second-person singular)
siivilöidäksenne (plural possessive second-person)
siivilöidäkseen (possessive third-person)
siivilöidäksensä (possessive third-person)
siivilöinyt (infinitive-i-long past)
siivilöity (infinitive-i-long past)
siivilöidessä (inessive second-person)
siivilöitäessä (inessive second-person)
siivilöimä (agent)
siivilöidessäni (first-person possessive singular)
siivilöidessämme (first-person plural possessive)
siivilöidessäsi (possessive second-person singular)
siivilöidessänne (plural possessive second-person)
siivilöidessään (possessive third-person)
siivilöidessänsä (possessive third-person)
siivilöimätön (inessive negative second-person)
siivilöiden (instructive second-person)
siivilöimässä (inessive third-person)
siivilöimästä (elative third-person)
siivilöimään (illative third-person)
siivilöimällä (adessive third-person)
siivilöimättä (abessive third-person)
siivilöimän (instructive third-person)
siivilöitämän (instructive third-person)
siivilöiminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
siivilöimäisilläni (first-person possessive singular)
siivilöimäisillämme (first-person plural possessive)
siivilöimäisilläsi (possessive second-person singular)
siivilöimäisillänne (plural possessive second-person)
siivilöimäisillään (possessive third-person)
siivilöimäisillänsä (possessive third-person)

[ˈs̠iːʋiˌlø̞i̯dæ(ʔ)]


hopback

(brewing, beer) A sealed chamber between the brewing kettle and counter-flow wort chiller, into which hops are added.


lauter

From German lauter (“pure, clear”, adjective). Began to become common in English in the 1880s.

bor

The practice in the Munich brewery made it plain that the object of the drawing off of the thick mash is to completely separate the thick mash from the lauter mash.

1905, Pure Products, volume 1, page 176:

Since the husks and coarse grits are essential for distancing grist particles from one another in the lauter mash, their diminished presence in wheat beer worts will impede the lautering process.

1992, Eric Warner, German Wheat Beer, →ISBN:

The thin lauter mash is quickly transferred to the tun, given a last thorough stirring, and allowed to settle.

2003, Gregory J. Noonan, New Brewing Lager Beer: The Most Comprehensive Book, →ISBN:

(brewing, of mash, only attributive) Clear.


lauter

en-verb

lauter (third-person singular simple present lauters, present participle lautering, simple past and past participle lautered)

lauters (present singular third-person)
lautering (participle present)
lautered (participle past)
lautered (past)

(brewing, transitive) To subject to lautering.


faex

la-noun

faex f (genitive faecis); third declension

faecis (genitive)
faex (nominative singular)
faecēs (nominative plural)
faecis (genitive singular)
faecum (genitive plural)
faecī (dative singular)
faecibus (dative plural)
faecem (accusative singular)
faecēs (accusative plural)
faece (ablative singular)
faecibus (ablative plural)
faex (singular vocative)
faecēs (plural vocative)
fēx (alternative)

→ French: fèces

Italian: feccia

→ Italian: feci

Portuguese: fez, fezes

Sardinian: feche, feghe, fexa, fexi

Spanish: hez, heces

Aragonese: fiez, fieces

desc

→ Dutch: feces (with plural: de feces zijn), fecaliën

→ English: faeces, feces, faex

→ German: Fäkalien

→ Swedish: fekalier

Unknown; possibly borrowed from a substrate language. Unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“dregs, sediment”).

m+

(Medieval Latin, brewing) grout (the mixture of malts and other ingredients that make up the grain bill and resulting mash in the brewing process of beer)


trub

en-noun

trub (countable and uncountable, plural trubs)

Borrowed from German trüb, from Old High German truobi, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (English droff (“turbid, sorrowful, sad”)), cognate with Dutch droef (“sad, miserable”).

(brewing, uncountable) The layer of sediment that appears at the bottom of the fermenter after yeast has completed the bulk of the fermentation.


siivilöinti

siivilöinti (nominative singular)
siivilöinnit (nominative plural)
siivilöinti (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöinnit (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöinnin (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöinnit (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöinnin (genitive singular)
siivilöintien (genitive plural)
siivilöintiä (partitive singular)
siivilöintejä (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissä (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissä (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistä (elative singular)
siivilöinneistä (elative plural)
siivilöintiin (illative singular)
siivilöinteihin (illative plural)
siivilöinnillä (adessive singular)
siivilöinneillä (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltä (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltä (ablative plural)
siivilöinnille (allative singular)
siivilöinneille (allative plural)
siivilöintinä (essive singular)
siivilöinteinä (essive plural)
siivilöinniksi (singular translative)
siivilöinneiksi (plural translative)
siivilöinnittä (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittä (abessive plural)
siivilöinnein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
siivilöintini (nominative singular)
siivilöintini (nominative plural)
siivilöintini (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöintini (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöintini (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöintini (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöintini (genitive singular)
siivilöintieni (genitive plural)
siivilöintiäni (partitive singular)
siivilöintejäni (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissäni (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissäni (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistäni (elative singular)
siivilöinneistäni (elative plural)
siivilöintiini (illative singular)
siivilöinteihini (illative plural)
siivilöinnilläni (adessive singular)
siivilöinneilläni (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltäni (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltäni (ablative plural)
siivilöinnilleni (allative singular)
siivilöinneilleni (allative plural)
siivilöintinäni (essive singular)
siivilöinteinäni (essive plural)
siivilöinnikseni (singular translative)
siivilöinneikseni (plural translative)
siivilöinnittäni (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittäni (abessive plural)
siivilöinteineni (comitative plural)
siivilöintisi (nominative singular)
siivilöintisi (nominative plural)
siivilöintisi (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöintisi (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöintisi (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöintisi (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöintisi (genitive singular)
siivilöintiesi (genitive plural)
siivilöintiäsi (partitive singular)
siivilöintejäsi (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissäsi (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissäsi (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistäsi (elative singular)
siivilöinneistäsi (elative plural)
siivilöintiisi (illative singular)
siivilöinteihisi (illative plural)
siivilöinnilläsi (adessive singular)
siivilöinneilläsi (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltäsi (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltäsi (ablative plural)
siivilöinnillesi (allative singular)
siivilöinneillesi (allative plural)
siivilöintinäsi (essive singular)
siivilöinteinäsi (essive plural)
siivilöinniksesi (singular translative)
siivilöinneiksesi (plural translative)
siivilöinnittäsi (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittäsi (abessive plural)
siivilöinteinesi (comitative plural)
siivilöintimme (nominative singular)
siivilöintimme (nominative plural)
siivilöintimme (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöintimme (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöintimme (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöintimme (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöintimme (genitive singular)
siivilöintiemme (genitive plural)
siivilöintiämme (partitive singular)
siivilöintejämme (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissämme (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissämme (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistämme (elative singular)
siivilöinneistämme (elative plural)
siivilöintiimme (illative singular)
siivilöinteihimme (illative plural)
siivilöinnillämme (adessive singular)
siivilöinneillämme (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltämme (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltämme (ablative plural)
siivilöinnillemme (allative singular)
siivilöinneillemme (allative plural)
siivilöintinämme (essive singular)
siivilöinteinämme (essive plural)
siivilöinniksemme (singular translative)
siivilöinneiksemme (plural translative)
siivilöinnittämme (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittämme (abessive plural)
siivilöinteinemme (comitative plural)
siivilöintinne (nominative singular)
siivilöintinne (nominative plural)
siivilöintinne (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöintinne (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöintinne (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöintinne (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöintinne (genitive singular)
siivilöintienne (genitive plural)
siivilöintiänne (partitive singular)
siivilöintejänne (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissänne (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissänne (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistänne (elative singular)
siivilöinneistänne (elative plural)
siivilöintiinne (illative singular)
siivilöinteihinne (illative plural)
siivilöinnillänne (adessive singular)
siivilöinneillänne (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltänne (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltänne (ablative plural)
siivilöinnillenne (allative singular)
siivilöinneillenne (allative plural)
siivilöintinänne (essive singular)
siivilöinteinänne (essive plural)
siivilöinniksenne (singular translative)
siivilöinneiksenne (plural translative)
siivilöinnittänne (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittänne (abessive plural)
siivilöinteinenne (comitative plural)
siivilöintinsä (nominative singular)
siivilöintinsä (nominative plural)
siivilöintinsä (accusative nominative singular)
siivilöintinsä (accusative nominative plural)
siivilöintinsä (accusative genitive singular)
siivilöintinsä (accusative genitive plural)
siivilöintinsä (genitive singular)
siivilöintiensä (genitive plural)
siivilöintiään (partitive singular)
siivilöintiänsä (partitive singular)
siivilöintejään (partitive plural)
siivilöintejänsä (partitive plural)
siivilöinnissään (inessive singular)
siivilöinnissänsä (inessive singular)
siivilöinneissään (inessive plural)
siivilöinneissänsä (inessive plural)
siivilöinnistään (elative singular)
siivilöinnistänsä (elative singular)
siivilöinneistään (elative plural)
siivilöinneistänsä (elative plural)
siivilöintiinsä (illative singular)
siivilöinteihinsä (illative plural)
siivilöinnillään (adessive singular)
siivilöinnillänsä (adessive singular)
siivilöinneillään (adessive plural)
siivilöinneillänsä (adessive plural)
siivilöinniltään (ablative singular)
siivilöinniltänsä (ablative singular)
siivilöinneiltään (ablative plural)
siivilöinneiltänsä (ablative plural)
siivilöinnilleen (allative singular)
siivilöinnillensä (allative singular)
siivilöinneilleen (allative plural)
siivilöinneillensä (allative plural)
siivilöintinään (essive singular)
siivilöintinänsä (essive singular)
siivilöinteinään (essive plural)
siivilöinteinänsä (essive plural)
siivilöinnikseen (singular translative)
siivilöinniksensä (singular translative)
siivilöinneikseen (plural translative)
siivilöinneiksensä (plural translative)
siivilöinnittään (abessive singular)
siivilöinnittänsä (abessive singular)
siivilöinneittään (abessive plural)
siivilöinneittänsä (abessive plural)
siivilöinteineen (comitative plural)
siivilöinteinensä (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠iːʋiˌlø̞i̯n̪t̪i]


bottom fermentation

bottom fermentation (countable and uncountable, plural bottom fermentations)

Carlton was mainly equipped to produce top-fermentation bulk beer, the old fashioned English ale. But the public taste had changed. On 27 April the brewers reported to the board that the public taste now was largely for bottom-fermentation beer or lager.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 90:

Bottom fermentation goes on at distinctly lower temperatures, 43 to 50 ° F/ 6– 10 ° C, takes six to ten days, and produces a milder flavor. Bottom fermentation is the standard technique in the United States.

2004, Harold McGee, chapter 13, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:

(brewing) A slow alcoholic fermentation process carried out at low temperatures during which the yeast sinks to the bottom of the liquid. Used in brewing lager-type beers.


blowoff

blowoffs (plural)
blow-off (alternative)

I performed several experiments to determine the effect of the blowoff method of fermentation on bitterness, protein, and higher alcohols.

1997, Al Korzonas, Homebrewing, page 347:

This blowoff method is wasteful because you lose a couple of quarts of beer, but it is the best way to reconcile the sanitation advantages of a closed fermenter with the behavior of top cropping yeast strains.

2012, Dave Miller, Dave Miller's Homebrewing Guide:

But in retrospective of his photography, there is a shot of a lone carboy perched on a table, lit by a bare bulb with a. blowoff hose curling around in a graceful arc to a round flask with settled yeast.

2019, Denny Conn, Drew Beechum, Simple Homebrewing: Great Beer, Less Work, More Fun, page 21:

I recommend the blowoff method of fermentation---non-blowoff versions of this beer have tasted harsh, astringent and too bitter.

2022, Karllo Mello, Brewer: Prepare Like an Expert:

(brewing) The removal of excess foam and carbon dioxide from the fermentation vessel during the active fermentation stage.


coip

head

coip (present analytic coipeann, future analytic coipfidh, verbal noun coipeadh, past participle coipthe)

coipeann (analytic present)
coipfidh (analytic future)
coipeadh (noun-from-verb)
coipthe (participle past)
coipeadh (noun-from-verb)
coipthe (participle past)
coipim (first-person indicative present singular)
coipeann tú (indicative present second-person singular)
coipir (indicative present second-person singular)
coipeann sé (indicative present singular third-person)
sí (indicative present singular third-person)
coipimid (first-person indicative plural present)
coipeann sibh (indicative plural present second-person)
coipeann siad (indicative plural present third-person)
coipid (indicative plural present third-person)
a choipeann (indicative present relative)
a choipeas (indicative present relative)
a gcoipeann (indicative present relative)
coiptear (autonomous indicative present)
choip mé (first-person indicative past singular)
choipeas (first-person indicative past singular)
choip tú (indicative past second-person singular)
choipis (indicative past second-person singular)
choip sé (indicative past singular third-person)
sí (indicative past singular third-person)
choipeamar (first-person indicative past plural)
choip muid (first-person indicative past plural)
choip sibh (indicative past plural second-person)
choipeabhair (indicative past plural second-person)
choip siad (indicative past plural third-person)
choipeadar (indicative past plural third-person)
a choip (indicative past relative)
ar choip (indicative past relative)
coipeadh (autonomous indicative past)
choipinn (first-person habitual indicative past singular)
gcoipinn‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past singular)
choipteá (habitual indicative past second-person singular)
gcoipteá‡‡ (habitual indicative past second-person singular)
choipeadh sé (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
sí (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
gcoipeadh sé (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
sí‡‡ (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
choipimis (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
choipeadh muid (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
gcoipimis‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
gcoipeadh muid‡‡ (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
choipeadh sibh (habitual indicative past plural second-person)
gcoipeadh sibh‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural second-person)
choipidís (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
choipeadh siad (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
gcoipidís‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
gcoipeadh siad‡‡ (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
a choipeadh (habitual indicative past relative)
a gcoipeadh (habitual indicative past relative)
choiptí (autonomous habitual indicative past)
gcoiptí‡‡ (autonomous habitual indicative past)
coipfidh mé (first-person future indicative singular)
coipfead (first-person future indicative singular)
coipfidh tú (future indicative second-person singular)
coipfir (future indicative second-person singular)
coipfidh sé (future indicative singular third-person)
sí (future indicative singular third-person)
coipfimid (first-person future indicative plural)
coipfidh muid (first-person future indicative plural)
coipfidh sibh (future indicative plural second-person)
coipfidh siad (future indicative plural third-person)
coipfid (future indicative plural third-person)
a choipfidh (future indicative relative)
a choipfeas (future indicative relative)
a gcoipfidh (future indicative relative)
coipfear (autonomous future indicative)
choipfinn (conditional first-person singular)
gcoipfinn‡‡ (conditional first-person singular)
choipfeá (conditional second-person singular)
gcoipfeá‡‡ (conditional second-person singular)
choipfeadh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí (conditional singular third-person)
gcoipfeadh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí‡‡ (conditional singular third-person)
choipfimis (conditional first-person plural)
choipfeadh muid (conditional first-person plural)
gcoipfimis‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
gcoipfeadh muid‡‡ (conditional first-person plural)
choipfeadh sibh (conditional plural second-person)
gcoipfeadh sibh‡‡ (conditional plural second-person)
choipfidís (conditional plural third-person)
choipfeadh siad (conditional plural third-person)
gcoipfidís‡‡ (conditional plural third-person)
gcoipfeadh siad‡‡ (conditional plural third-person)
a choipfeadh (conditional relative)
a gcoipfeadh (conditional relative)
choipfí (autonomous conditional)
gcoipfí‡‡ (autonomous conditional)
go gcoipe mé (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go gcoipead (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go gcoipe tú (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go gcoipir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go gcoipe sé (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (present singular subjunctive third-person)
go gcoipimid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go gcoipe muid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go gcoipe sibh (plural present second-person subjunctive)
go gcoipe siad (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go gcoipid (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go gcoiptear (autonomous present subjunctive)
dá gcoipinn (first-person past singular subjunctive)
dá gcoipteá (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dá gcoipeadh sé (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (past singular subjunctive third-person)
dá gcoipimis (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá gcoipeadh muid (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá gcoipeadh sibh (past plural second-person subjunctive)
dá gcoipidís (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá gcoipeadh siad (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá gcoiptí (autonomous past subjunctive)
coipim (first-person imperative singular)
coip (imperative second-person singular)
coipeadh sé (imperative singular third-person)
sí (imperative singular third-person)
coipimis (first-person imperative plural)
coipigí (imperative plural second-person)
coipidh (imperative plural second-person)
coipidís (imperative plural third-person)
coiptear (autonomous imperative)
coip
choip
gcoip

(ambitransitive, biochemistry, brewing) ferment


yeast-bitten

en-adj

yeast-bitten (comparative more yeast-bitten, superlative most yeast-bitten)

more yeast-bitten (comparative)
most yeast-bitten (superlative)

(brewing) With the froth of the yeast having re-entered the body of the beer.


attenuative

attenuative (comparative more attenuative, superlative most attenuative)

more attenuative (comparative)
most attenuative (superlative)

(brewing) Of a yeast, capable of high attenuation, able to convert a high proportion of sugar to alcohol.


underback

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-underback.wav

(brewing) A vessel that receives the wort as it flows from the mashing tub.


flighter

Uncertain, perhaps flight + -er (relational noun suffix).

Edward H[enry] Knight
w:Edward H. Knight

(brewing) A horizontal vane revolving over the surface of wort in a cooler, so as to produce a circular current in the liquor.


whirlpooling

(brewing) A method of separating the trub from the wort, involving centrifugal force.


gruit

en-noun

gruit (countable and uncountable, plural gruits)

gruits (plural)
grut (alternative)
gruyt (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch gruit. Doublet of grit.

(brewing) An herbal mixture, used in the flavouring of beer, that preceded the use of hops.


ragi

From Malay ragi (“fermenting medium, yeast”), from an Indian language such as Hindi रागी (rāgī, “finger millet”), since finger millet can be fermented. See Etymology 1.

Pound 5 kg of round ragi (yeast) and 5 pieces of thinly sliced ragi into powder. Mix ragi into cooled rice.

2005, Malaysia at Random, Didier Millet, page 30:

2010, M.J. Robert Nout, Kofi E. Aidoo, 2: Asian Fungal Fermented Food, Martin Hofrichter (volume editor), Karl Esser (editor), The Mycota, Volume X: Industrial Applications, page 49,
It is made from cooked gelatinised rice and red pulverised ragi (yeast cake or jui-piang) and fermented for up to 30 days at 25°C.

Finely ground and sifted round ragi yeast 3⁄4 tsp

2014, Florence Tan, Florence Tan: Best Nyonya Recipes, page 108:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae#Translingual

(cooking, brewing) A type of yeast traditionally used in winemaking, baking, and brewing, now identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


blue John

bluejohn (alternative)
blue john (alternative)
blue-john (alternative)
blue-John (alternative)
Blue John (alternative)

(obsolete, brewing) Afterwort, partially fermented wort.


masg

head

masg (past mhasg, future masgaidh, verbal noun masgadh)

mhasg (past)
masgaidh (future)
masgadh (noun-from-verb)


abstechen

de-verb

abstechen (class 4 strong, third-person singular present sticht ab, past tense stach ab, past participle abgestochen, past subjunctive stäche ab, auxiliary haben)

sticht ab (present singular third-person)
stach ab (past)
abgestochen (participle past)
stäche ab (past subjunctive)
haben (auxiliary)
haben (auxiliary)
abstechen (infinitive)
abstechend (participle present)
abgestochen (participle past)
abzustechen (infinitive infinitive-zu)
steche ab (first-person indicative present singular)
stechen ab (first-person indicative plural present)
steche ab (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
stechen ab (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
stichst ab (indicative present second-person singular)
stecht ab (indicative plural present second-person)
stechest ab (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
stechet ab (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
sticht ab (indicative present singular third-person)
stechen ab (indicative plural present third-person)
steche ab (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
stechen ab (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
stach ab (first-person indicative preterite singular)
stachen ab (first-person indicative plural preterite)
stäche ab (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stächen ab (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stachst ab (indicative preterite second-person singular)
stacht ab (indicative plural preterite second-person)
stächest ab (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stächst ab (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stächet ab (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stächt ab (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
stach ab (indicative preterite singular third-person)
stachen ab (indicative plural preterite third-person)
stäche ab (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
stächen ab (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
stich ab (imperative second-person singular)
stecht ab (imperative plural second-person)
haben (auxiliary)
absteche (first-person indicative present singular subordinate-clause)
abstechen (first-person indicative plural present subordinate-clause)
absteche (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
abstechen (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
abstichst (indicative present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
abstecht (indicative plural present second-person subordinate-clause)
abstechest (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
abstechet (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause)
absticht (indicative present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
abstechen (indicative plural present subordinate-clause third-person)
absteche (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause third-person)
abstechen (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i subordinate-clause third-person)
abstach (first-person indicative preterite singular subordinate-clause)
abstachen (first-person indicative plural preterite subordinate-clause)
abstäche (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstächen (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstachst (indicative preterite second-person singular subordinate-clause)
abstacht (indicative plural preterite second-person subordinate-clause)
abstächest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstächst (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstächet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstächt (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause)
abstach (indicative preterite singular subordinate-clause third-person)
abstachen (indicative plural preterite subordinate-clause third-person)
abstäche (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause third-person)
abstächen (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii subordinate-clause third-person)
haben (auxiliary)
habe abgestochen (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect singular)
haben abgestochen (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural)
habe abgestochen (first-person multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive)
haben abgestochen (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive)
hast abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction perfect second-person singular)
habt abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural second-person)
habest abgestochen (multiword-construction perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
habet abgestochen (multiword-construction perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hat abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction perfect singular third-person)
haben abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural third-person)
habe abgestochen (multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
haben abgestochen (multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hatte abgestochen (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular)
hatten abgestochen (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural)
hätte abgestochen (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive)
hätten abgestochen (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive)
hattest abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular)
hattet abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person)
hättest abgestochen (multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hättet abgestochen (multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hatte abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular third-person)
hatten abgestochen (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural third-person)
hätte abgestochen (multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hätten abgestochen (multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abstechen werden (future future-i infinitive multiword-construction)
werde abstechen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden abstechen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde abstechen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden abstechen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde abstechen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden abstechen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst abstechen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet abstechen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird abstechen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden abstechen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden abstechen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
abgestochen haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction)
werde abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden abgestochen haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst abgestochen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet abgestochen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird abgestochen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden abgestochen haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden abgestochen haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)

[ˈʔapˌʃtɛçn̩]

[ˈʔapˌʃtɛçən]

Audio

(brewing) to rack (to clarify beer, wine or cider by draining it from the dregs)


lautering

(brewing) The step or process in brewing beer which separates the mash into clear liquid wort and grain.


mashout

(brewing) The step or process, in brewing beer, of raising the mash (e.g. by adding hot water to it) to a temperature around 75 °C or 170 °F, so as to stop the enzymatic conversion of starch to fermentable sugar and make the mash and wort more fluid.


mash tun

(brewing) An insulated vessel used in making the mashing process in which grains and water are mixed and heated to produce wort prior to fermentation.


undergang

undergang m (definite singular undergangen, indefinite plural undergangar, definite plural undergangane)

undergangen (definite singular)
undergangar (indefinite plural)
undergangane (definite plural)

From under- + gang as also a verbal noun of both gå under (“to go under, sink, perish”) and undergå (“to undergo, endure”). Compare also with German Untergang.


top fermentation

Top fermentation is usually carried out at between 64 and 77 ° F/ 18– 25 ° C and takes two to seven days, during which the yeasty foam is skimmed off several times.

(brewing) Alcoholic fermentation during which the yeast cells are carried to the top of the fermenting liquid.


back-sweeten

en-verb

back-sweeten (third-person singular simple present back-sweetens, present participle back-sweetening, simple past and past participle back-sweetened)

back-sweetens (present singular third-person)
back-sweetening (participle present)
back-sweetened (participle past)
back-sweetened (past)

(transitive, brewing) To sweeten (an alcoholic drink) after fermentation by adding further sugar.


polypin

(UK, brewing) A plastic version of the kind of brewery cask called a pin (equal to half a firkin), popular in homebrewing and the off-trade (deliveries for home consumption).


calandria

Borrowed from Spanish calandria (“lark (bird); calander”), from Vulgar Latin *calandria, from Ancient Greek χαραδριός (kharadriós). First attested in 1886 in the sugar industry.

bor+

(brewing) A heating element within a brew kettle.


beerwort

beerworts (plural)
beer-wort (alternative)
beer wort (alternative)

From Middle English berwort, berwurt, equivalent to beer + wort. Cognate with Dutch bierwort (“beerwort”), German Bierwürze (“beerwort”).

(brewing) Wort prepared by the infusion of malt with water, intended to be converted into beer.


alpha acid

(organic chemistry, brewing) Any of a class of chemical compounds which collectively give hopped beer its characteristic bitter flavor.


penstaff

(brewing, historical) An upright plug for the drain of a mash tun.


mäskätä

mäskään (first-person indicative present singular)
en mäskää (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen mäskännyt (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole mäskännyt (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
mäskäät (indicative present second-person singular)
et mäskää (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet mäskännyt (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole mäskännyt (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
mäskää (indicative present singular third-person)
ei mäskää (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on mäskännyt (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole mäskännyt (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
mäskäämme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme mäskää (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme mäskänneet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole mäskänneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
mäskäätte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette mäskää (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette mäskänneet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole mäskänneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
mäskäävät (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät mäskää (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat mäskänneet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole mäskänneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
mäskätään (indicative passive present)
ei mäskätä (indicative negative passive present)
on mäskätty (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole mäskätty (indicative negative passive perfect)
mäskäsin (first-person indicative past singular)
en mäskännyt (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin mäskännyt (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut mäskännyt (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
mäskäsit (indicative past second-person singular)
et mäskännyt (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit mäskännyt (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut mäskännyt (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
mäskäsi (indicative past singular third-person)
ei mäskännyt (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli mäskännyt (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut mäskännyt (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
mäskäsimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme mäskänneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme mäskänneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet mäskänneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
mäskäsitte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette mäskänneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte mäskänneet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet mäskänneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
mäskäsivät (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät mäskänneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat mäskänneet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet mäskänneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
mäskättiin (indicative passive past)
ei mäskätty (indicative negative passive past)
oli mäskätty (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut mäskätty (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
mäskäisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en mäskäisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin mäskännyt (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi mäskännyt (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
mäskäisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et mäskäisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit mäskännyt (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi mäskännyt (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
mäskäisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei mäskäisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi mäskännyt (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi mäskännyt (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
mäskäisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme mäskäisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme mäskänneet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi mäskänneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
mäskäisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette mäskäisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte mäskänneet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi mäskänneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
mäskäisivät (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät mäskäisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat mäskänneet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi mäskänneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
mäskättäisiin (conditional passive present)
ei mäskättäisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi mäskätty (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi mäskätty (conditional negative passive perfect)
mäskää (imperative present second-person singular)
älä mäskää (imperative negative present second-person singular)
mäskätköön (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön mäskätkö (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon mäskännyt (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko mäskännyt (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
mäskätkäämme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme mäskätkö (first-person imperative negative plural present)
mäskätkää (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää mäskätkö (imperative negative plural present second-person)
mäskätkööt (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt mäskätkö (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot mäskänneet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko mäskänneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
mäskättäköön (imperative passive present)
älköön mäskättäkö (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon mäskätty (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko mäskätty (imperative negative passive perfect)
mäskännen (first-person potential present singular)
en mäskänne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen mäskännyt (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene mäskännyt (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
mäskännet (potential present second-person singular)
et mäskänne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet mäskännyt (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene mäskännyt (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
mäskännee (potential present singular third-person)
ei mäskänne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee mäskännyt (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene mäskännyt (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
mäskännemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme mäskänne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme mäskänneet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene mäskänneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
mäskännette (plural potential present second-person)
ette mäskänne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette mäskänneet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene mäskänneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
mäskännevät (plural potential present third-person)
eivät mäskänne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät mäskänneet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene mäskänneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
mäskättäneen (passive potential present)
ei mäskättäne (negative passive potential present)
lienee mäskätty (passive perfect potential)
ei liene mäskätty (negative passive perfect potential)
mäskätä (infinitive infinitive-i)
mäskäävä (active participle present)
mäskättävä (participle passive present)
mäskätäkseni (first-person possessive singular)
mäskätäksemme (first-person plural possessive)
mäskätäksesi (possessive second-person singular)
mäskätäksenne (plural possessive second-person)
mäskätäkseen (possessive third-person)
mäskätäksensä (possessive third-person)
mäskännyt (infinitive-i-long past)
mäskätty (infinitive-i-long past)
mäskätessä (inessive second-person)
mäskättäessä (inessive second-person)
mäskäämä (agent)
mäskätessäni (first-person possessive singular)
mäskätessämme (first-person plural possessive)
mäskätessäsi (possessive second-person singular)
mäskätessänne (plural possessive second-person)
mäskätessään (possessive third-person)
mäskätessänsä (possessive third-person)
mäskäämätön (inessive negative second-person)
mäskäten (instructive second-person)
mäskäämässä (inessive third-person)
mäskäämästä (elative third-person)
mäskäämään (illative third-person)
mäskäämällä (adessive third-person)
mäskäämättä (abessive third-person)
mäskäämän (instructive third-person)
mäskättämän (instructive third-person)
mäskääminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
mäskäämäisilläni (first-person possessive singular)
mäskäämäisillämme (first-person plural possessive)
mäskäämäisilläsi (possessive second-person singular)
mäskäämäisillänne (plural possessive second-person)
mäskäämäisillään (possessive third-person)
mäskäämäisillänsä (possessive third-person)

[ˈmæs̠k̟æt̪æ(ʔ)]


Burtonize

en-verb

Burtonize (third-person singular simple present Burtonizes, present participle Burtonizing, simple past and past participle Burtonized)

Burtonizes (present singular third-person)
Burtonizing (participle present)
Burtonized (participle past)
Burtonized (past)

From the English town of Burton upon Trent, known for pale ales brewed from water rich in mineral salts, + -ize.

... of many thousand gallons of Burtonized water being daily pumped up from the beds, and allowed to run off without being applied to any special purpose.

[...] producing a more acid beer; adding hydrochloric or sulphuric or lactic acid simultaneously removes carbonates and "Burtonizes" the water. Acidifying wort by adding acidic malt and acidic malt extract to the copper changes buffering only [...]

1952, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, Great Britain:

It has a pale chestnut colour with a herbal, spicy and fresh tobacco aroma with rye bread malt and a powerful sulphur note: the brewing water is Burtonized. The palate is bittersweet with rich biscuit malt, [...]

2018, Roger Protz, IPA: A legend in our time, →ISBN:

(chiefly brewing) To enrich (water) with mineral salts, especially for brewing alcohol.


obciąg

obciąg (nominative singular)
obciągi (nominative plural)
obciągu (genitive singular)
obciągów (genitive plural)
obciągowi (dative singular)
obciągom (dative plural)
obciąg (accusative singular)
obciągi (accusative plural)
obciągiem (instrumental singular)
obciągami (instrumental plural)
obciągu (locative singular)
obciągach (locative plural)
obciągu (singular vocative)
obciągi (plural vocative)

/ˈɔp.t͡ɕɔŋk/


kräusen

kräusen (third-person singular simple present kräusens, present participle kräusening, simple past and past participle kräusened)

kräusens (present singular third-person)
kräusening (participle present)
kräusened (participle past)
kräusened (past)

From German krausen, from kraus (“curly”).

(transitive, brewing) To condition (beer) by adding fermenting wort, so as to restart fermentation and introduce fresh carbon dioxide.


brzeczka

desctree

Polish: brzeczka, brzedka (Middle Polish)
→ Old Ruthenian: бречка (brečka)

Silesian: brzyczka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *brečьka. First attested in 1450.

brzęczka (alternative)
wrzeczka (alternative)

Brzeczka *braxma

1876-1929 [c. 1455], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XIV, Miechów, Kruchowo, page 494:

Brzeczka braxalium

1885-2024 [1463], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 12:

Brzyeczka braxivium

1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 10:

*Wrzeczka brixinium

1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 9:

Brzecka braxidium, id quod primo exit de braseo, cum coquitur cerevisia

1450, rkps Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. KP 224., Uście Solne, Lviv:

Braxibium […] dicitur esse illud quod primo exit de braseo cum coquitur ceruisia proprie brzeczka

1440, rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza z rękopisu znajdującego się w zbiorach Biblioteki Klasztornej oo. Paulinów na Jasnej Górze pod sygn. II 25 z r. 1444, page 38r:

Braxidium […] et dicitur esse illud quod primo exit de braseo cum coquitur ceruisia proprie brzecka

1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 30r:

Braxibium […] dicitur quod prius exit de braseo cum quoquitur ceruisia vlg. br[z]aczka

[XV p. post.], rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rkpsie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 381, z r. 1457, page 40va:

Braxibium […] dicitur esse illud quod prius exit de braseo cum coquitur ceruisia proprie brzeczka

XV p. post., rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 3297, z r. 1476, page 34r:

Braxidium […] dicitur esse illud quod primo exit de braseo vlg. brzeczca

XV p. post., Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 1630, page 14r:

Brixinium wrzeczka

XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski II, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.XVI.12, page 9:

Braxivium brzyeczka

XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski III, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.32., page 10:

(attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands, Greater Poland, brewing) wort (malt extract from which beer is made)

attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland


brzeczka

pl-noun

brzeczka f (related adjective brzeczkowy)

brzeczkowy (adjective)
brzeczka (nominative singular)
brzeczki (nominative plural)
brzeczki (genitive singular)
brzeczek (genitive plural)
brzeczce (dative singular)
brzeczkom (dative plural)
brzeczkę (accusative singular)
brzeczki (accusative plural)
brzeczką (instrumental singular)
brzeczkami (instrumental plural)
brzeczce (locative singular)
brzeczkach (locative plural)
brzeczko (singular vocative)
brzeczki (plural vocative)
brzedka (alternative Middle Polish)

→ Old Ruthenian: бречка (brečka)

(brewing) wort (liquid that arises during the early part of brewing beer or mead)


zacier

zacier (nominative singular)
zaciery (nominative plural)
zacieru (genitive singular)
zacierów (genitive plural)
zacierowi (dative singular)
zacierom (dative plural)
zacier (accusative singular)
zaciery (accusative plural)
zacierem (instrumental singular)
zacierami (instrumental plural)
zacierze (locative singular)
zacierach (locative plural)
zacierze (singular vocative)
zaciery (plural vocative)


zacierać

zatrzeć (perfective)
zacierać (infinitive)
zacieram (present singular)
zacieramy (plural present)
zacierasz (present singular)
zacieracie (plural present)
zaciera (present singular third-person)
zacierają (plural present third-person)
zaciera się (impersonal present)
zacierałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m zacierał (masculine past singular)
zacierałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m zacierała (feminine past singular)
zacierałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m zacierało (neuter past singular)
zacieraliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy zacierali (past plural virile)
zacierałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy zacierały (nonvirile past plural)
zacierałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś zacierał (masculine past singular)
zacierałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś zacierała (feminine past singular)
zacierałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś zacierało (neuter past singular)
zacieraliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście zacierali (past plural virile)
zacierałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście zacierały (nonvirile past plural)
zacierał (masculine past singular third-person)
zacierała (feminine past singular third-person)
zacierało (neuter past singular third-person)
zacierali (past plural third-person virile)
zacierały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
zacierano (impersonal past)
będę zacierał (future masculine singular)
będę zacierać (future masculine singular)
będę zacierała (feminine future singular)
będę zacierać (feminine future singular)
będę zacierało (future neuter singular)
będę zacierać (future neuter singular)
będziemy zacierali (future plural virile)
będziemy zacierać (future plural virile)
będziemy zacierały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy zacierać (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz zacierał (future masculine singular)
będziesz zacierać (future masculine singular)
będziesz zacierała (feminine future singular)
będziesz zacierać (feminine future singular)
będziesz zacierało (future neuter singular)
będziesz zacierać (future neuter singular)
będziecie zacierali (future plural virile)
będziecie zacierać (future plural virile)
będziecie zacierały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie zacierać (future nonvirile plural)
będzie zacierał (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie zacierać (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie zacierała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie zacierać (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie zacierało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie zacierać (future neuter singular third-person)
będą zacierali (future plural third-person virile)
będą zacierać (future plural third-person virile)
będą zacierały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą zacierać (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie zacierać się (future impersonal)
zacierałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym zacierał (conditional masculine singular)
zacierałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym zacierała (conditional feminine singular)
zacierałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym zacierało (conditional neuter singular)
zacieralibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy zacierali (conditional plural virile)
zacierałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy zacierały (conditional nonvirile plural)
zacierałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś zacierał (conditional masculine singular)
zacierałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś zacierała (conditional feminine singular)
zacierałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś zacierało (conditional neuter singular)
zacieralibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście zacierali (conditional plural virile)
zacierałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście zacierały (conditional nonvirile plural)
zacierałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by zacierał (conditional masculine singular third-person)
zacierałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by zacierała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
zacierałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by zacierało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
zacieraliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by zacierali (conditional plural third-person virile)
zacierałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by zacierały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
zacierano by (conditional impersonal)
niech zacieram (imperative singular)
zacierajmy (imperative plural)
zacieraj (imperative singular)
zacierajcie (imperative plural)
niech zaciera (imperative singular third-person)
niech zacierają (imperative plural third-person)
zacierający (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
zacierająca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
zacierające (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
zacierający (active adjectival participle plural virile)
zacierające (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
zacierany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
zacierana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
zacierane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
zacierani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
zacierane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
zacierając (adjectival contemporary participle)
zacieranie (noun-from-verb)


zatrzeć

zacierać (imperfective)
zatrzeć (infinitive)
zatrę (future singular)
zatrzemy (future plural)
zatrzesz (future singular)
zatrzecie (future plural)
zatrze (future singular third-person)
zatrą (future plural third-person)
zatrze się (future impersonal)
zatarłem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m zatarł (masculine past singular)
zatarłam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m zatarła (feminine past singular)
zatarłom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m zatarło (neuter past singular)
zatarliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy zatarli (past plural virile)
zatarłyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy zatarły (nonvirile past plural)
zatarłeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś zatarł (masculine past singular)
zatarłaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś zatarła (feminine past singular)
zatarłoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś zatarło (neuter past singular)
zatarliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście zatarli (past plural virile)
zatarłyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście zatarły (nonvirile past plural)
zatarł (masculine past singular third-person)
zatarła (feminine past singular third-person)
zatarło (neuter past singular third-person)
zatarli (past plural third-person virile)
zatarły (nonvirile past plural third-person)
zatarto (impersonal past)
zatarłbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym zatarł (conditional masculine singular)
zatarłabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym zatarła (conditional feminine singular)
zatarłobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym zatarło (conditional neuter singular)
zatarlibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy zatarli (conditional plural virile)
zatarłybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy zatarły (conditional nonvirile plural)
zatarłbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś zatarł (conditional masculine singular)
zatarłabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś zatarła (conditional feminine singular)
zatarłobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś zatarło (conditional neuter singular)
zatarlibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście zatarli (conditional plural virile)
zatarłybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście zatarły (conditional nonvirile plural)
zatarłby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by zatarł (conditional masculine singular third-person)
zatarłaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by zatarła (conditional feminine singular third-person)
zatarłoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by zatarło (conditional neuter singular third-person)
zatarliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by zatarli (conditional plural third-person virile)
zatarłyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by zatarły (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
zatarto by (conditional impersonal)
niech zatrę (imperative singular)
zatrzyjmy (imperative plural)
zatrzyj (imperative singular)
zatrzyjcie (imperative plural)
niech zatrze (imperative singular third-person)
niech zatrą (imperative plural third-person)
zatarty (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
zatarta (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
zatarte (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
zatarci (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
zatarte (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
zatarłszy (adverbial anterior participle)
zatarcie (noun-from-verb)


zacierny

pl-adj

zacierny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

zacierny (masculine nominative singular)
zacierna (feminine nominative singular)
zacierne (neuter nominative singular)
zacierni (nominative plural virile)
zacierne (nominative plural)
zaciernego (genitive masculine singular)
zaciernej (feminine genitive singular)
zaciernego (genitive neuter singular)
zaciernych (genitive plural)
zaciernych (genitive plural virile)
zaciernemu (dative masculine singular)
zaciernej (dative feminine singular)
zaciernemu (dative neuter singular)
zaciernym (dative plural)
zaciernym (dative plural virile)
zaciernego (accusative animate masculine singular)
zacierny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
zacierną (accusative feminine singular)
zacierne (accusative neuter singular)
zaciernych (accusative plural virile)
zacierne (accusative plural)
zaciernym (instrumental masculine singular)
zacierną (feminine instrumental singular)
zaciernym (instrumental neuter singular)
zaciernymi (instrumental plural)
zaciernymi (instrumental plural virile)
zaciernym (locative masculine singular)
zaciernej (feminine locative singular)
zaciernym (locative neuter singular)
zaciernych (locative plural)
zaciernych (locative plural virile)


kadź zacierna

kadź zacierna (nominative singular)
kadzie zacierne (nominative plural)
kadzi zaciernej (genitive singular)
kadzi zaciernych (genitive plural)
kadzi zaciernej (dative singular)
kadziom zaciernym (dative plural)
kadź zacierną (accusative singular)
kadzie zacierne (accusative plural)
kadzią zacierną (instrumental singular)
kadziami zaciernymi (instrumental plural)
kadzi zaciernej (locative singular)
kadziach zaciernych (locative plural)
kadzi zacierna (singular vocative)
kadzie zacierne (plural vocative)