accent

en-noun

accent (countable and uncountable, plural accents)

From Middle English accent, from Medieval Latin accentus and Old French accent, acent, both from Latin accentus, past participle of accinō (“sing to, sing along”). The word accent had been borrowed into Old English already, but was lost and reborrowed in Middle English.

tongval

distinctive pronunciation associated with a region, social group, etc.

The name Cézanne is written with an acute accent.

(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.

pilkku

geometry: mark indicating minutes and seconds of a degree


accent

nl-noun

accent n (plural accenten, diminutive accentje n)

accenten (plural)
accentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aksent

→ Indonesian: aksen

→ Papiamentu: aksènt

From Middle Dutch accent, ultimately from Latin accentus.

(orthography) accent (symbol to indicate spoken accent or the nature of a vowel)


vowel

→ Yoruba: fáwẹ̀lì

From Middle English vouel, from Old French vouel, a variant of voyeul (whence French voyelle), from Latin vōcālis (“voiced”), itself a semantic loan of Koine Greek φωνῆεν (phōnêen). Doublet of vocal and vocalis.

Facetiously is spelled with all six vowels in alphabetical order.

(orthography) A letter representing the sound of a vowel; in English, the vowels are a, e, i, o, u, w (sometimes), y (sometimes) .


contraction

en-noun

contraction (countable and uncountable, plural contractions)

PIE word
 *ḱóm
From Late Middle English contraccioun, contraxion (“spasm, contraction; constriction, shrinking; act of pressing together”), from Old French contraction (modern French contraction), from Latin contractiō(n) (“a drawing together, contraction; abridgement, shortening; dejection, despondency”), from contrahō (“to draw things together, assemble, collect, gather; to enter into a contract”) + -tiō(n) (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Contrahō is derived from con- (prefix denoting a bringing together of objects) + trahō (“to drag, pull”) (probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to drag, pull; to run”)). By surface analysis, contract + -ion (suffix denoting actions or processes, or their results).

verkleining

Don’t is a contraction of do not; and ’til is a contraction of until.

Senses relating to pulling together or shortening.

A (sometimes reversible) contracting or reduction in length, scope, size, or volume; a narrowing, a shortening, a shrinking.

(orthography) In the English language: a shortened form of a word, often with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe or a diacritical mark.


apostrophe

apostrophes (plural)
apostrophë (alternative)
apostrophy (alternative)

From French apostrophe, or Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”), a noun use of an adjective from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “I turn away”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + στρέφω (stréphō, “to turn”).

der

Since its inception the apostrophe has been a controversial piece of punctuation.

2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 30:

(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


apostrophe

→ English: apostrophe

→ Romanian: apostrof

desctree

→ Russian: апо́строф (apóstrof)
→ Azerbaijani: apostrof

→ Persian: آپاستروف (âpâstruf)

→ Turkish: apostrof

From Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”), a noun use of an adjective from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “to turn away”).


開く

ja-verb

開(ひら)く • (hiraku) transitive or intransitive godan (stem 開(ひら)き (hiraki), past 開(ひら)いた (hiraita))

開く (canonical)
hiraku (romanization)
開き (stem)
開いた (past)
開か
ひらか
hiraka
開き
ひらき
hiraki
開く
ひらく
hiraku
開け
ひらけ
hirake
開かれる (passive)
ひらかれる (passive)
hirakareru (passive)
開かせる (causative)
開かす (causative)
ひらかせる (causative)
ひらかす (causative)
hirakaseru (causative)
hirakasu (causative)
開ける (potential)
ひらける (potential)
hirakeru (potential)
開こう (volitional)
ひらこう (volitional)
hirakō (volitional)
開かない (negative)
ひらかない (negative)
hirakanai (negative)
開かず (continuative negative)
ひらかず (continuative negative)
hirakazu (continuative negative)
開きます (formal)
ひらきます (formal)
hirakimasu (formal)
開いた (perfective)
ひらいた (perfective)
hiraita (perfective)
開いて (conjunctive)
ひらいて (conjunctive)
hiraite (conjunctive)
開けば (conditional hypothetical)
ひらけば (conditional hypothetical)
hirakeba (conditional hypothetical)
開か (irrealis stem)
ひらか (irrealis stem)
firaka (irrealis)
開き (continuative stem)
ひらき (continuative stem)
firaki (continuative)
開く (stem terminative)
ひらく (stem terminative)
firaku (terminative)
開く (attributive stem)
ひらく (attributive stem)
firaku (attributive)
開け (realis stem)
ひらけ (realis stem)
firake (realis)
開け (imperative stem)
ひらけ (imperative stem)
firake (imperative)
開かず (negative)
ひらかず (negative)
firakazu (negative)
開けど (contrastive)
ひらけど (contrastive)
firakedo (contrastive)
開けば (causative)
ひらけば (causative)
firakeba (causative)
開かば (conditional)
ひらかば (conditional)
firakaba (conditional)
開きき (past)
ひらきき (past)
firakiki (past)
開きけり (past)
ひらきけり (past)
firakikeri (past)
開きつ (perfect)
ひらきつ (perfect)
firakitu (perfect)
開きぬ (perfect)
ひらきぬ (perfect)
firakinu (perfect)
開けり (continuative perfect)
開きたり (continuative perfect)
ひらけり (continuative perfect)
ひらきたり (continuative perfect)
firakeri (continuative perfect)
firakitari (continuative perfect)
開かむ (volitional)
ひらかむ (volitional)
firakamu (volitional)

(proofreading, orthography) to write a Japanese word using hiragana


acute

en-adj

acute (comparative acuter or more acute, superlative acutest or most acute)

acuter (comparative)
more acute (comparative)
acutest (superlative)
most acute (superlative)

From Late Middle English acute (“of a disease or fever: starting suddenly and lasting for a short time; of a humour: irritating, sharp”), from Latin acūta, from acūtus (“sharp, sharpened”), perfect passive participle of acuō (“to make pointed, sharpen, whet”), from acus (“needle, pin”). The word is cognate to ague (“acute, intermittent fever”).
As regards the noun, which is derived from the verb, compare Middle English acūte (“severe but short-lived fever; of blood: corrosiveness, sharpness; musical note of high pitch”).

cog

The last letter of ‘café’ is ‘e’ acute.

A more conservative approach, particularly if your author is a skilled computer user, would be to replace the problem characters with simple words or codes that are guaranteed to transfer successfully between computers. For example, you could replace é with e-acute if that particular character is causing problems. […] The author could then do a search and replace to change all instances of e-acute back to é before publication.

2007, Geoff[rey J. S.] Hart, “Editing in Special Situations”, in Effective Onsceen Editing: New Tools for an Old Profession, Pointe-Claire, Que.: Diaskeuasis Publishing, →ISBN, page 404:

Commonly used European accents are available as below: / á Á a acute / […] / é É e acute / […] / í Í i acute / […] / ó Ó o acute / […] / ú Ú u acute

2017, [Michael] Mitchell, [Susan] Wightman, “Foreign Languages”, in Typographic Style Handbook, London: MacLehose Press, →ISBN, section 10.2.1 (Commonly Used Accents), page 143:

(orthography, postpositive) Of a letter of the alphabet, having an acute accent.

agut

(orthography) after a letter of the alphabet: having an acute accent


acute

The word ‘cafe’ often has an acute over the ‘e’.

The number of Notes in this Table, without either acute or grave marks (´ or `), is 75. Of those bearing one acute mark (´) it is 74, of those with two acutes (´´) 70, with three acutes (´´´ or ´³) 51, […]

1817 June, John Farey, Sen., “CI. On Mr. Listons, or the Euharmonic Scale of Musical Intervals, […]”, in Alexander Tilloch, editor, The Philosophical Magazine and Journal: […], volume XLIX, number 230, London: Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor. […], →OCLC, page 445:

The five vowels marked with acutes over them, it is probable, were first contrived to assist the ignorant monks in reading the church service, that by this means they might arrive to a proper and settled pronunciation in the discharge of their sacerdotal duties; […]

1824, J[ohn] Johnson, “A Fount of Letter, as Considered by Letter Founders”, in Typographia, or The Printers’ Instructor: […], volume II, London: Published by Messrs. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green, […], →OCLC, page 34:


nos

From Latin nucem, accusative singular of nux (“nut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *knew-.


hattu

hattu (nominative singular)
hatut (nominative plural)
hattu (accusative nominative singular)
hatut (accusative nominative plural)
hatun (accusative genitive singular)
hatut (accusative genitive plural)
hatun (genitive singular)
hattujen (genitive plural)
hattua (partitive singular)
hattuja (partitive plural)
hatussa (inessive singular)
hatuissa (inessive plural)
hatusta (elative singular)
hatuista (elative plural)
hattuun (illative singular)
hattuihin (illative plural)
hatulla (adessive singular)
hatuilla (adessive plural)
hatulta (ablative singular)
hatuilta (ablative plural)
hatulle (allative singular)
hatuille (allative plural)
hattuna (essive singular)
hattuina (essive plural)
hatuksi (singular translative)
hatuiksi (plural translative)
hatutta (abessive singular)
hatuitta (abessive plural)
hatuin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
hattuni (nominative singular)
hattuni (nominative plural)
hattuni (accusative nominative singular)
hattuni (accusative nominative plural)
hattuni (accusative genitive singular)
hattuni (accusative genitive plural)
hattuni (genitive singular)
hattujeni (genitive plural)
hattuani (partitive singular)
hattujani (partitive plural)
hatussani (inessive singular)
hatuissani (inessive plural)
hatustani (elative singular)
hatuistani (elative plural)
hattuuni (illative singular)
hattuihini (illative plural)
hatullani (adessive singular)
hatuillani (adessive plural)
hatultani (ablative singular)
hatuiltani (ablative plural)
hatulleni (allative singular)
hatuilleni (allative plural)
hattunani (essive singular)
hattuinani (essive plural)
hatukseni (singular translative)
hatuikseni (plural translative)
hatuttani (abessive singular)
hatuittani (abessive plural)
hattuineni (comitative plural)
hattusi (nominative singular)
hattusi (nominative plural)
hattusi (accusative nominative singular)
hattusi (accusative nominative plural)
hattusi (accusative genitive singular)
hattusi (accusative genitive plural)
hattusi (genitive singular)
hattujesi (genitive plural)
hattuasi (partitive singular)
hattujasi (partitive plural)
hatussasi (inessive singular)
hatuissasi (inessive plural)
hatustasi (elative singular)
hatuistasi (elative plural)
hattuusi (illative singular)
hattuihisi (illative plural)
hatullasi (adessive singular)
hatuillasi (adessive plural)
hatultasi (ablative singular)
hatuiltasi (ablative plural)
hatullesi (allative singular)
hatuillesi (allative plural)
hattunasi (essive singular)
hattuinasi (essive plural)
hatuksesi (singular translative)
hatuiksesi (plural translative)
hatuttasi (abessive singular)
hatuittasi (abessive plural)
hattuinesi (comitative plural)
hattumme (nominative singular)
hattumme (nominative plural)
hattumme (accusative nominative singular)
hattumme (accusative nominative plural)
hattumme (accusative genitive singular)
hattumme (accusative genitive plural)
hattumme (genitive singular)
hattujemme (genitive plural)
hattuamme (partitive singular)
hattujamme (partitive plural)
hatussamme (inessive singular)
hatuissamme (inessive plural)
hatustamme (elative singular)
hatuistamme (elative plural)
hattuumme (illative singular)
hattuihimme (illative plural)
hatullamme (adessive singular)
hatuillamme (adessive plural)
hatultamme (ablative singular)
hatuiltamme (ablative plural)
hatullemme (allative singular)
hatuillemme (allative plural)
hattunamme (essive singular)
hattuinamme (essive plural)
hatuksemme (singular translative)
hatuiksemme (plural translative)
hatuttamme (abessive singular)
hatuittamme (abessive plural)
hattuinemme (comitative plural)
hattunne (nominative singular)
hattunne (nominative plural)
hattunne (accusative nominative singular)
hattunne (accusative nominative plural)
hattunne (accusative genitive singular)
hattunne (accusative genitive plural)
hattunne (genitive singular)
hattujenne (genitive plural)
hattuanne (partitive singular)
hattujanne (partitive plural)
hatussanne (inessive singular)
hatuissanne (inessive plural)
hatustanne (elative singular)
hatuistanne (elative plural)
hattuunne (illative singular)
hattuihinne (illative plural)
hatullanne (adessive singular)
hatuillanne (adessive plural)
hatultanne (ablative singular)
hatuiltanne (ablative plural)
hatullenne (allative singular)
hatuillenne (allative plural)
hattunanne (essive singular)
hattuinanne (essive plural)
hatuksenne (singular translative)
hatuiksenne (plural translative)
hatuttanne (abessive singular)
hatuittanne (abessive plural)
hattuinenne (comitative plural)
hattunsa (nominative singular)
hattunsa (nominative plural)
hattunsa (accusative nominative singular)
hattunsa (accusative nominative plural)
hattunsa (accusative genitive singular)
hattunsa (accusative genitive plural)
hattunsa (genitive singular)
hattujensa (genitive plural)
hattuaan (partitive singular)
hattuansa (partitive singular)
hattujaan (partitive plural)
hattujansa (partitive plural)
hatussaan (inessive singular)
hatussansa (inessive singular)
hatuissaan (inessive plural)
hatuissansa (inessive plural)
hatustaan (elative singular)
hatustansa (elative singular)
hatuistaan (elative plural)
hatuistansa (elative plural)
hattuunsa (illative singular)
hattuihinsa (illative plural)
hatullaan (adessive singular)
hatullansa (adessive singular)
hatuillaan (adessive plural)
hatuillansa (adessive plural)
hatultaan (ablative singular)
hatultansa (ablative singular)
hatuiltaan (ablative plural)
hatuiltansa (ablative plural)
hatulleen (allative singular)
hatullensa (allative singular)
hatuilleen (allative plural)
hatuillensa (allative plural)
hattunaan (essive singular)
hattunansa (essive singular)
hattuinaan (essive plural)
hattuinansa (essive plural)
hatukseen (singular translative)
hatuksensa (singular translative)
hatuikseen (plural translative)
hatuiksensa (plural translative)
hatuttaan (abessive singular)
hatuttansa (abessive singular)
hatuittaan (abessive plural)
hatuittansa (abessive plural)
hattuineen (comitative plural)
hattuinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *hattu (compare Ingrian hattu, Karelian hattu, Votic hattu), borrowed from Proto-Norse *ᚺᚨᛏᛏᚢᛉ (*hattuʀ) (compare Swedish hatt), from Proto-Germanic *hattuz (compare English hat).

vetää hatustaan

to improvise, guess, express off the top of one's head

(orthography, typography) háček, caron (diacritical mark [ ˇ ])


minúscula

(orthography) minuscule (lower-case letter)


minúscula

(orthography) minuscule, lower-case letter, small letter


mayúscula

Borrowed from Latin maiusculus. Cognate with English majuscule.


minúsculo

pt-adj

minúsculo (feminine minúscula, masculine plural minúsculos, feminine plural minúsculas)

minúscula (feminine)
minúsculos (masculine plural)
minúsculas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin minusculus.

(orthography) minuscule; lower-case (written in minuscules)


minúsculo

From Latin minusculus, from minus (“less”) + -culus (diminutive suffix).


defective

en-adj

defective (comparative more defective, superlative most defective)

more defective (comparative)
most defective (superlative)

From Middle English defectif, defective, from Old French defectif, from Late Latin dēfectīvus.

(orthography, of a script) Not capable of representing all the phonemic distinctions of a language it is used to write.


umlaut

Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.

(orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel

"Naïve" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables.

(informal, orthography) Synonym of diaeresis.


umlaut

(orthography) umlaut (the diacritical mark ¨ used to indicate such assimilation)


breve

From Middle English breve, variant of bref, from Old French brieve, breve (feminine form of brief, bref), from Latin brevis (“short”).

(orthography, printing) A semicircular diacritical mark (˘) placed above a vowel, commonly used to mark its quantity as short.


breve

nl-noun

breve f (plural breves, diminutive brevetje n)

breves (plural)
brevetje (diminutive neuter)


breve

Borrowed from Dutch breve (“breve”), from Latin brevis (“short”).

(orthography) breve: a semicircular diacritical mark (˘) placed above a vowel, commonly used to mark its quantity as short


diaeresis

diaereses (plural)
diaresis (alternative)
dieresis (alternative)
diæresis (alternative)
diaëresis (alternative)

/daɪˈɛɹɪsɪs/

/daɪˈɪəɹɪsɪs/

/daɪˈɪəɹɪsɪs/

/daɪˈɛɹəsɪs/

/daɪˈɪəɹɪsiːz/

PIE word
 *dwís
Unadapted borrowing from Late Latin diaeresis (“distribution; division of a diphthong into two syllables”), from Ancient Greek δῐαίρεσῐς (dĭaíresĭs, “distribution, division; division of a poetic line when the end of a word and a metrical foot coincide; division of a diphthong into two syllables”), from δῐαιρέω (dĭairéō, “to divide; to distinguish; to resolve a diphthong or contracted form”) + -σῐς (-sĭs, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result). Δῐαιρέω (Dĭairéō) is derived from δῐᾰ- (dĭă-, prefix meaning ‘across; through; in different directions’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“doubly, twice; in two”)) + αἱρέω (hairéō, “to grasp, seize, take”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to grasp, seize, take”)).
The plural is borrowed from Latin diaeresēs.

diërese

separation of one syllable (especially a vowel which is a diphthong) into two distinct syllables

Diæreſis is vvhen tvvo points ouer a vovvell diuide it from another vovvel, as bouë, queuë, read bou-e, queu-e, not bo-ue, que-ue.

1611, Randle Cotgrave, compiler, “Briefe Directions for Such as Desire to Learne the French Tongue. And First, of the Vowels, and Diphthongs.”, in A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, signature Nnnn, recto, column 2:

The Diæresis is used to divide a diphthong into two syllables; as, Creätor.

1841, William Corry, “Grammatical Terms, with Their Respective Marks and Explanations”, in An English Spelling Book, with Reading Lessons; for the Use of the Parish and Other Schools of New Brunswick, St. John, N.B.: […] Henry Chubb, […], →OCLC, page 8:

An 85-year injustice has been rectified at Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey with the corrected spelling of one of the greatest of all literary names. Reader, it is finally Brontë, not Bronte. An amended memorial to Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë was unveiled on Thursday with added diaereses (two dots) that ensure people pronounce it with two syllables. As if it rhymed with Monty, not font. The memorial was installed in 1939 and, for whatever reason, came without the diaereses that the Brontës used.

2024 September 26, Mark Brown, “Brontë sisters finally get their dots as names corrected at Westminster Abbey”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-05:

A separation of one syllable (especially a vowel which is a diphthong, that is, beginning with one sound and ending with another) into two distinct syllables; distraction.

(orthography) The diacritical mark consisting of two dots (¨) placed over a letter (especially the second of two consecutive vowels) to indicate that it is sounded separately, usually as a distinct syllable.

deelteken

diacritical mark consisting of two dots (¨) placed over a letter to indicate that it is sounded separately


quiescent

en-adj

quiescent (comparative more quiescent, superlative most quiescent)

more quiescent (comparative)
most quiescent (superlative)

Learned borrowing from Latin quiēscēns, quiēscentem.

lbor

The k is quiescent in "knight" and "know".


seagull

seagulls (plural)
sea gull (alternative)
sea-gull (alternative)

From sea + gull. The second element is from a Brythonic language. Compare Welsh gwylan, Breton gouelan.

(orthography) The symbol ̼, which combines under a letter as a sort of accent.


diacritic

en-adj

diacritic (comparative more diacritic, superlative most diacritic)

more diacritic (comparative)
most diacritic (superlative)

/ˌdaɪəˈkɹɪtɪk/

/ˌdaɪəˈkɹɪtɪk/

[ˌdaɪəˈkɹɪɾɪk]

/ˌdɑɪəˈkɹɪtɪk/

[ˌdɑɪəˈkɹɪɾɪk]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek διακριτικός (diakritikós, “distinguishing, separative”), from διακρίνειν (diakrínein, “to distinguish, separate”), from διά (diá, “between”) + κρίνω (krínō, “I separate, distinguish”).

bor+

(orthography, not comparable) Denoting a distinguishing mark applied to a letter or character.


cedilla

From Spanish cedilla (literally “little zed”), c. 1600. In Spanish cedilla referred to the letter ⟨Ç⟩, which had evolved from ⟨Ꝣ⟩, a Visigothic form of the letter Z (called a Z with copete); hence the name. The lower part of ⟨Ç⟩ (which came to be reinterpreted as a diacritical mark under a C) is the remnant of the original Z, after it gradually reduced in size; whereas the upper part was originally just an ornamentation over the Z (which increased in size until it resembled letter C, and finally came to be identified with this letter).

bor

(orthography) In the spelling of Catalan, French, Portuguese and some other languages, a mark ⟨¸⟩ sometimes placed under the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced /s/ rather than /k/, as in Catalan força, French menaçant, and Portuguese almoço, and also used in various other languages to change the sounds of other letters.


cedilla

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish cedilla.


cedilla

→ English: cedilla

desctree

→ French: cédille
→ English: cédille
→ Finnish: sedilji
→ German: Cedille

→ Italian: cediglia

→ Portuguese: cedilha

→ Romanian: sedilă

From Old Spanish ceda (“letter Z”) + -illa (diminutive suffix); cognate with modern Spanish zeta.


kreska

pl-noun

kreska f (diminutive kreseczka, augmentative krecha, related adjective kreskowy)

kreseczka (diminutive)
krecha (augmentative)
kreskowy (adjective)
kreska (nominative singular)
kreski (nominative plural)
kreski (genitive singular)
kresek (genitive plural)
kresce (dative singular)
kreskom (dative plural)
kreskę (accusative singular)
kreski (accusative plural)
kreską (instrumental singular)
kreskami (instrumental plural)
kresce (locative singular)
kreskach (locative plural)
kresko (singular vocative)
kreski (plural vocative)
kryska (alternative obsolete)

(orthography) diacritic closely resembling an acute accent


apóstrofo

From Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”).

der

A expressão "d’água" deve ser escrita com apóstrofo.

The expression "d’água" [of the water] must be written with an apostrophe.

(orthography) apostrophe (the character ’)


macron

From Ancient Greek μακρόν (makrón), neuter form of μακρός (makrós, “long”) (English macro-).

We say such words belong to a Long family, because of the long macron hat the vowels wear. Like the other twin o's, one hat is enough for both, for these twins are always found together.

1889, Rebecca S[mith] Pollard, A Complete Manual: Pollard’s Synthetic Method of Reading and Spelling. Designed to Accompany Synthetic Readers and Spellers, New York, N.Y.: American Book Company, →OCLC, page 75:

A macron is a mark placed above a long vowel to mark its quantity.

1974, Floyd L. Moreland, Rita M. Fleischer, Latin: An Intensive Course, University of California Press, page 13:

All vowels are pronounced short unless marked with a ¯ (macron) over them. So observe different vowel length of ‘i ’ in, e.g., fīlia, etc. It may be helpful, but is not essential, to mark macra in your exercises.

1986, Peter V. Jones, Keith C. Sidwell, “Introduction”, in Reading Latin, volumes 1 (Grammar, Vocabulary and Exercises), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 2, general note 1:

(orthography) A short, straight, horizontal diacritical mark (◌̄) placed over a letter, usually to indicate that the pronunciation of a vowel is long.


macron

nl-noun

macron m (plural macrons, diminutive macrontje n)

macrons (plural)
macrontje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek μακρόν (makrón), neuter form of μακρός (makrós, “long”).


pont

pontok (plural)
pont (nominative singular)
pontok (nominative plural)
pontot (accusative singular)
pontokat (accusative plural)
pontnak (dative singular)
pontoknak (dative plural)
ponttal (instrumental singular)
pontokkal (instrumental plural)
pontért (causal-final singular)
pontokért (causal-final plural)
ponttá (singular translative)
pontokká (plural translative)
pontig (singular terminative)
pontokig (plural terminative)
pontként (essive-formal singular)
pontokként (essive-formal plural)
pontban (inessive singular)
pontokban (inessive plural)
ponton (singular superessive)
pontokon (plural superessive)
pontnál (adessive singular)
pontoknál (adessive plural)
pontba (illative singular)
pontokba (illative plural)
pontra (singular sublative)
pontokra (plural sublative)
ponthoz (allative singular)
pontokhoz (allative plural)
pontból (elative singular)
pontokból (elative plural)
pontról (delative singular)
pontokról (delative plural)
ponttól (ablative singular)
pontoktól (ablative plural)
ponté (singular)
pontoké (plural)
pontéi (singular)
pontokéi (plural)
pontom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
pontjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
pontod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
pontjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
pontja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
pontjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
pontunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
pontjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
pontotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
pontjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
pontjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
pontjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from German Punkt, from Latin punctum.

(orthography) point, full stop, period (a terminal punctuation mark or a symbol of abbreviation)


ĉapelo

eo-head

ĉapelo (accusative singular ĉapelon, plural ĉapeloj, accusative plural ĉapelojn)

ĉapelon (accusative singular)
ĉapeloj (plural)
ĉapelojn (accusative plural)
chapelo (alternative)
cxapelo (alternative)

Ido: chapelo

From French chapeau and Italian cappello, both from Medieval Latin capellus, diminutive of Late Latin cappa. Doublet of ĉapo.

La esperantista memkonscio pri la ĉapeloj, kiujn portas iuj literoj, igas min ĝoji, ke ĉi tiu libro, apud anglalingva naskiĝo, ankaŭ kromnaskiĝas en la supersignita lingvo.

2011, Probal Dasgupta, Loĝi en homaj lingvoj: la substancisma perspektivo, Mondial, →ISBN, page 9:

The Esperantist self-awareness about the circumflexes that some letters bear causes me to rejoice that this book, beside its English birth, is also born again in the diacritically marked language.


syllabary

/ˈsɪləˌbɛɹi/

From Neo-Latin syllabārium, from syllaba.

(orthography) A table or list of syllabic letters or syllables.

It shouldn't be hard to come up with a musical syllabary in which pitches code for vowels and timbres code for consonants.

(orthography) A writing system where each character represents a complete syllable.


acento

(orthography) accent (mark to indicate accent)


bylgja

is-noun

bylgja f (genitive singular bylgju, nominative plural bylgjur)

bylgju (genitive singular)
bylgjur (nominative plural)
bylgja (indefinite nominative singular)
bylgjan (definite nominative singular)
bylgjur (indefinite nominative plural)
bylgjurnar (definite nominative plural)
bylgju (accusative indefinite singular)
bylgjuna (accusative definite singular)
bylgjur (accusative indefinite plural)
bylgjurnar (accusative definite plural)
bylgju (dative indefinite singular)
bylgjunni (dative definite singular)
bylgjum (dative indefinite plural)
bylgjunum (dative definite plural)
bylgju (genitive indefinite singular)
bylgjunnar (definite genitive singular)
bylgna (genitive indefinite plural)
bylgja (genitive indefinite plural)
bylgnanna (definite genitive plural)
bylgjanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse bylgja, from Proto-Germanic *bulgijō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ-.


hattur

hattur m (genitive singular hatts, nominative plural hattar)

hatts (genitive singular)
hattar (nominative plural)
hattur (indefinite nominative singular)
hatturinn (definite nominative singular)
hattar (indefinite nominative plural)
hattarnir (definite nominative plural)
hatt (accusative indefinite singular)
hattinn (accusative definite singular)
hatta (accusative indefinite plural)
hattana (accusative definite plural)
hatti (dative indefinite singular)
hattinum (dative definite singular)
höttum (dative indefinite plural)
höttunum (dative definite plural)
hatts (genitive indefinite singular)
hattsins (definite genitive singular)
hatta (genitive indefinite plural)
hattanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse hǫttr, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz.


diacritical mark

en-noun

diacritical mark (plural diacritical marks)

(orthography, typography) A symbol in writing used with a letter to indicate a different pronunciation, stress, tone, or meaning.


acute accent

From Latin accentus (“accent”) acūtus (“sharp”), a calque of Ancient Greek προσῳδία (prosōidía, “accent”) ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”).
Cognate to French accent aigu.

der

(orthography): A diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems.


accent grave

nl-noun

accent grave n (plural accents graves or accent graves)

accents graves (plural)
accent graves (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from French accent grave.


accent grave

id-noun

accent grave (plural accent-accent grave)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch accent grave (“grave accent”), from unadapted borrowing from French accent grave (“grave accent”).


accent grave

accent grave m (definite singular accent graven, indefinite plural accent graver, definite plural accent gravene)

accent graven (definite singular)
accent graver (indefinite plural)
accent gravene (definite plural)

[lærerinnen] kom med accent aigu og accent grave. Og det underlige skjedde at Frida Grytum i løpet av få uker hadde ført Paris inn i klasseværelset

1985, Gerd Brantenberg, Ved fergestedet, page 153:

[the teacher] came with acute accent and grave accent. And the strange thing happened that in a few weeks Frida Grytum had brought Paris into the classroom

(orthography) a grave accent (a diacritic mark ( ` ) used in many languages to distinguish the pronunciations of vowels.)


Vokal

de-noun

Vokal m (strong, genitive Vokales or Vokals, plural Vokale)

Vokales (genitive)
Vokals (genitive)
Vokale (plural)
Vokal (nominative singular)
Vokale (definite nominative plural)
Vokales (genitive singular)
Vokals (genitive singular)
Vokale (definite genitive plural)
Vokal (dative singular)
Vokale (dative singular)
Vokalen (dative definite plural)
Vokal (accusative singular)
Vokale (accusative definite plural)
Vocal (alternative obsolete)
Vocalis (alternative obsolete)

15th century, from Latin (littera) vōcālis (“vowel”).

(orthography) vowel letter (letter representing such a sound)


háček

háčeks (plural)
háčky (plural)
haček (alternative)
hacek (alternative)
hachek (alternative)
haċek (alternative)
hatcheck (alternative)
hatschek (alternative)
hatchek (alternative)
hacheck (alternative)
hac̬ek (alternative)
haczek (alternative)
hácek (alternative)
haĉek (alternative)
haceck (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-háček.wav

First attested in 1951; from the Czech háček (“háček”, literally “little hook”), the diminutive of hák (“hook”) (from Middle High German hāken, from Old High German hāko (“hook”), from Proto-Germanic *hakô (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook”)) + the diminutive suffix -ek. Cognate with and formed like English hooklet and German Häkchen. Also cognate with Old English haca (“hook, door-fastening”) and modern English hake (more information below).

cog

The caret (ˇ), háček, is used over the following consonants: c, d, n, t, r, s, and z to indicate the soft sound.

1948, Bohumil Emil Mikula, Progressive Czech (Bohemian), page 6:

Linguistic forms had to be set in ordinary roman type and the capital C of Cäxa had to be left without a háček.

1951, Hans Jakob Polotsky, Notes on Gurage Grammar, page 5:

Good Teutonic Kitsch looks rather forlorn and out of place wearing a Bohemian háček over its shrunken hind quarters. But the high traditions of scholarship must be maintained, and on these pages Meester Kitsch will masquerade as Mr. Kič.

1956, Morris Halle, editor, For Roman Jakobson, page 332:

In the system used here and elsewhere in this article for Bantu tone, low syllables are unmarked, high syllables have an acute accent, and rising syllables a haček respectively; thus a, á, ǎ.

1966, Charles Ernest Bazell et al., editors, In Memory of J.R. Firth, page 205:

The printer had no hatchek — the flattened “v” that appears over letters in Czech — to put over Dvořak’s R. So somebody laboriously inked in all the hatcheks.

1991, Peter Hugh Reed, American Record Guide, LIV:ii, page 69:

háček used to signify the third tone (wǔ — ‘five’)

2002, Torbjörn Lundmark, Quirky QWERTY, page 34:

Another orthographic practice […] was developed […] in the twentieth century: this is the adoption of the hacek for the representation of the Cypriot postalveolar fricatives and affricates, which are otherwise not distinguished by the normal characters of the Greek alphabet alone. It was not until very recently, therefore, that the spellings <σ̌>, <τσ̌>, <ζ̌> and <τζ̌>, for [ʃ], [tʃ], [ʒ] and [dʒ] respectively, became available.

2005, Stavroula Varella, Language Contact and the Lexicon in the History of Cypriot Greek, page 46:

My father always wrote Bětik with a little “v” called haĉek, above the “e”; Marušaks placed the haĉek above the “s”.

2006, Mary Betik Trojacek, Beyond Ellis Island, page 17:

For examples of the usage of other forms of this term see Citations:háček, Citations:haček, Citations:hacek, Citations:haċek, Citations:hachek, Citations:hatcheck, Citations:hatschek, Citations:hǎcek, Citations:hatchek, Citations:hacheck, Citations:hac̬ek, Citations:haczek, Citations:háçek, Citations:hácek, Citations:haĉek, Citations:haceck and Citations:háčky.

diacritical mark
diacritical mark#English

(orthography and typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of ď, Ľ, ľ, and ť resembling a prime (′) instead.

Ǎǎ Čč Ďď Ěě Ǧǧ Ȟȟ Ǐǐ J̌ǰ Ǩǩ Ľľ Ňň Ǒǒ Řř Šš Ťť Ǔǔ Ǚǚ Žž Ǯǯ DŽDždž Ǆǅǆ

acute accent

diacritics used in Latin-derived scripts

comma

above right ( ̕); below ( ̦), reversed (ʽ), turned (ʻ)

hook

above ( ̉); palatal ( ̡), retroflex ( ̢), rhotic (˞)

tilde

above (˜); below ( ̰), double ( ͠ ), middle / overlay ( ̴), vertical ( ̾)


baria

bareia (alternative)
varia (alternative)

(orthography and typography) An Ancient Greek pitch-marking diacritic: ⟨ ` ⟩; written atop vowels, it denotes normal or low pitch.


dur

head

dur m (feminine singular dura, masculine and feminine plural dur)

dura (feminine singular)
dur (feminine masculine plural)
dür (alternative Modern)

From Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).


apostrophic

All we need to know is that, in Shakespeare’s time, an apostrophe indicated omitted letters, which meant Hamlet could say with supreme apostrophic confidence: “Fie on’t! O fie!”; […]

2003 November 6, Lynne Truss, “The Tractable Apostrophe”, in Eats, Shoots & Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation, London: Profile Books Ltd, →ISBN, page 38:

(orthography) Pertaining to the grammatical use of, or using, the apostrophe (the diacritical mark ').

apostrófico

pertaining to the apostrophe (the diacritical mark ')


hringur

is-noun

hringur m (genitive singular hrings, nominative plural (usually for non-jewelry) hringir or (usually for jewelry) hringar)

hrings (genitive singular)
hringir (nominative plural usually)
hringar (nominative plural usually)
hringur (indefinite nominative singular)
hringurinn (definite nominative singular)
hringir (indefinite nominative plural)
hringar (indefinite nominative plural)
hringirnir (definite nominative plural)
hringarnir (definite nominative plural)
hring (accusative indefinite singular)
hringinn (accusative definite singular)
hringi (accusative indefinite plural)
hringa (accusative indefinite plural)
hringina (accusative definite plural)
hringana (accusative definite plural)
hring (dative indefinite singular)
hringnum (dative definite singular)
hringjum (dative indefinite plural)
hringum (dative indefinite plural)
hringjunum (dative definite plural)
hringunum (dative definite plural)
hrings (genitive indefinite singular)
hringsins (definite genitive singular)
hringja (genitive indefinite plural)
hringa (genitive indefinite plural)
hringjanna (definite genitive plural)
hringanna (definite genitive plural)

is-ndecl

((<m,,ir􂀿usually for non-jewelry􂁀.j>,<m,,ar􂀿usually for jewelry􂁀.dat->))

From Old Norse hringr, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz.


breu

Inherited from Latin brevem. Compare Occitan brèu.


brevis

la-noun

brevis f (genitive brevis); third declension

brevis (genitive)
brevis (nominative singular)
brevēs (nominative plural)
brevis (genitive singular)
brevium (genitive plural)
brevī (dative singular)
brevibus (dative plural)
brevem (accusative singular)
brevēs (accusative plural)
brevīs (accusative plural)
breve (ablative singular)
brevibus (ablative plural)
brevis (singular vocative)
brevēs (plural vocative)

English: breve

Italian: breve


apologetic apostrophe

en-noun

apologetic apostrophe (plural apologetic apostrophes)

While not all agreements were carried out as planned, what this attempt at consistency achieved in Smith's case was to give his poetry the appearance of a distinctive literary language, related to English, but having its own identity and forms, and without the distraction for the reader of the apologetic apostrophes.

2009, Margery Palmer McCulloch, Scottish Modernism and Its Contexts 1918-1959:

(sociolinguistics, orthography) An apostrophe added to a Scots word in order to give the appearance that it is a contraction of an English word.


Kleinbuchstabe

de-noun

Kleinbuchstabe m (mixed, genitive Kleinbuchstabens or Kleinbuchstaben, plural Kleinbuchstaben)

Kleinbuchstabens (genitive)
Kleinbuchstaben (genitive)
Kleinbuchstaben (plural)
Kleinbuchstabe (nominative singular)
Kleinbuchstaben (definite nominative plural)
Kleinbuchstabens (genitive singular)
Kleinbuchstaben (genitive singular)
Kleinbuchstaben (definite genitive plural)
Kleinbuchstabe (dative singular)
Kleinbuchstaben (dative definite plural)
Kleinbuchstabe (accusative singular)
Kleinbuchstaben (accusative definite plural)

Compound klein (“small”) + Buchstabe (“letter”), from Old High German klein (“small, sharp-witted, fine”) and Old High German buohstab (“letter, writing”).

der

(orthography, typography) minuscule letter, lowercase letter


stumm

de-adj

stumm (strong nominative masculine singular stummer, comparative stummer, superlative am stummsten)

stummer (masculine nominative singular strong)
stummer (comparative)
am stummsten (superlative)
stumm (masculine predicative singular)
stumm (feminine predicative singular)
stumm (neuter predicative singular)
stumm (plural predicative)
stummer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
stumme (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
stummes (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
stumme (nominative plural strong without-article)
stummen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
stummer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
stummen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
stummer (genitive plural strong without-article)
stummem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
stummer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
stummem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
stummen (dative plural strong without-article)
stummen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
stumme (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
stummes (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
stumme (accusative plural strong without-article)
der stumme (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die stumme (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das stumme (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die stummen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des stummen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der stummen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des stummen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der stummen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem stummen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der stummen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem stummen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den stummen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den stummen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die stumme (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das stumme (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die stummen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein stummer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine stumme (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein stummes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
stummen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine stummen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines stummen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer stummen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines stummen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner stummen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem stummen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer stummen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem stummen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen stummen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen stummen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine stumme (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein stummes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine stummen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
stummer (comparative masculine predicative singular)
stummer (comparative feminine predicative singular)
stummer (comparative neuter predicative singular)
stummer (comparative plural predicative)
stummerer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
stummere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
stummeres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
stummere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
stummeren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
stummerer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
stummeren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
stummerer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
stummerem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
stummerer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
stummerem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
stummeren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
stummeren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
stummere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
stummeres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
stummere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der stummere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die stummere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das stummere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die stummeren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des stummeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der stummeren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des stummeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der stummeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem stummeren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der stummeren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem stummeren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den stummeren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den stummeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die stummere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das stummere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die stummeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein stummerer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine stummere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein stummeres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
stummeren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine stummeren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines stummeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer stummeren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines stummeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummeren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner stummeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem stummeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer stummeren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem stummeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummeren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen stummeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen stummeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine stummere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein stummeres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
stummeren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine stummeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am stummsten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am stummsten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am stummsten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am stummsten (plural predicative superlative)
stummster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
stummste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
stummstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
stummste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
stummsten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
stummster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
stummsten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
stummster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
stummstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
stummster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
stummstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
stummsten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
stummsten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
stummste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
stummstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
stummste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der stummste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die stummste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das stummste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die stummsten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des stummsten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der stummsten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des stummsten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der stummsten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem stummsten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der stummsten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem stummsten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den stummsten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den stummsten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die stummste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das stummste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die stummsten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein stummster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine stummste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein stummstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
stummsten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine stummsten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines stummsten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer stummsten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines stummsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
stummsten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner stummsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem stummsten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer stummsten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem stummsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
stummsten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen stummsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen stummsten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine stummste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein stummstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
stummsten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine stummsten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

From Middle High German stum, from Old High German stum, from Proto-West Germanic *stumm. Cognate with Dutch stom.

Das h im englischen Wort „honour“ ist stumm.

The h in the English word “honour” is silent.

Das h im deutschen Wort „leihen“ ist stumm.

The h in the German word “leihen” (to borrow) is silent.

(phonetics, orthography) mute; silent (unpronounced)


abjad

(orthography) abjad (writing system with a symbol for each consonant)


okurigana

(orthography) In the Japanese language, the kana which follow a stem written with kanji, which record how that stem is inflected, and guides recognition of the appropriate kun'yomi reading (word stem associated with the kanji); for example, く (ku) and かべる (kaberu) in 浮(う)く (uk-u, “to float”, intransitive) and 浮(う)かべる (uk-aberu, “to float”, transitive), or む (mu) and きる (kiru) in 生(う)む (umu, “to birth”) and 生(い)きる (ikiru, “to live”). Perhaps analogous to -st, -nd in English 1st (first), 2nd (second).


spiritus

nl-noun

spiritus m (plural spiritussen or spiritus, diminutive spiritusje n)

spiritussen (plural)
spiritus (plural)
spiritusje (diminutive neuter)

desc

→ Indonesian: spiritus (“methylated spirit”)

→ Papiamentu: spíritùs

(orthography) a kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis


दंड

daṇḍ (romanization)
دنڈ (Urdu)
दंड (direct singular)
दंड (direct plural)
दंड (oblique singular)
दंडों (oblique plural)
दंड (singular vocative)
दंडो (plural vocative)
दण्ड (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दण्ड (daṇḍá). Doublet of डंडा (ḍaṇḍā) and डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ).


vocalization

en-noun

vocalization (countable and uncountable, plural vocalizations)

vowelization

supplying vowels/diacritics to Arabic and Hebrew words/texts

(orthography) The vowel diacritics in certain scripts, like Hebrew and Arabic, which are not normally written, but which are used in dictionaries, children's books, religious texts and textbooks for learners.

تَشْكِيل

supplying the vowels (diacritics), e.g. Arabic and Hebrew

(orthography, phonology) The addition of these diacritics and the respective phonemes to a word; the spoken form the word thereby receives.


tilda

tȋlda (canonical feminine)
ти̑лда (Cyrillic)
tilda (nominative singular)
tilde (nominative plural)
tilde (genitive singular)
tilda (genitive plural)
tildi (dative singular)
tildama (dative plural)
tildu (accusative singular)
tilde (accusative plural)
tildo (singular vocative)
tilde (plural vocative)
tildi (locative singular)
tildama (locative plural)
tildom (instrumental singular)
tildama (instrumental plural)

From Spanish tilde, from Latin titulus (“superscript”).


monophonic

From a similar selection, says M. Remusat, the Coreans have made a monophonic alphabet of nine vowels and fifteen consonants, with which they write their language.

1828 July 7, Peter S. Du Ponceau, “On some Points connected with the Nature of the Chinese Language (enclosure in letter from Basil Hall)”, in The Philosophical magazine, volume 5:

(orthography) having simple one-to-one mapping between letters and phonemes


ogonek

From Polish ogonek (literally “little tail”).

The pangram “Pchnąć w tę łódź jeża lub ośm skrzyń fig” (To push a hedgehog or eight boxes of figs into that boat) highlights a few of the language-specific diacritical marks, such as L with stroke (ł) and ogoneks (ą, ę) necessary to write in Polish—demonstrating how a writing system can accommodate many languages with thorough character inclusion.

2023, Mia Cinelli, Giving Type Meaning: Context and Craft in Typography, Bloomsbury, →ISBN:

(orthography) A hook-shaped diacritical mark ⟨◌̨⟩ attached underneath a vowel, typically to indicate nasalization, as in Ąą, Ęę, Įį, Ǫǫ or Ųų.


ogonek

pl-noun

ogonek m inan (diminutive ogoneczek, related adjective ogonkowy)

ogoneczek (diminutive)
ogonkowy (adjective)
ogonek (nominative singular)
ogonki (nominative plural)
ogonka (genitive singular)
ogonków (genitive plural)
ogonkowi (dative singular)
ogonkom (dative plural)
ogonek (accusative singular)
ogonki (accusative plural)
ogonkiem (instrumental singular)
ogonkami (instrumental plural)
ogonku (locative singular)
ogonkach (locative plural)
ogonku (singular vocative)
ogonki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: аго́нэк (ahónek)

→ English: ogonek

→ Esperanto: ogoneko

→ German: Ogonek

→ Russian: ого́нэк (ogónɛk)

→ Ukrainian: ого́нек (ohónek)

Ponieważ jednak znaczek "ł" nie występuję w iso-8859-1, a że uskuteczniam wymianę pocztową z zagranicznikami, postanowiłem, że nieoficjalnie imię będę pisał tak, jak w pisowni oryginalnej, tj. Tomislav (w dowodzie mam Tomisław), nazwisko zaś okroję z ogonka nad "ń".

1999 April 23, Andrzej Bigus, Ogolnie syf:

Because as it turns out the letter "ł" doesn't show up in iso-8859-1, and the fact I'm realizing the postal exchange with foreigners, I decided that I'll unoffocially write my name in its original orthography, that is Tomislav (on my ID I have Tomisław), and I cut out the diacritic over "ń" in my last name.

[…] dopisano ogonki, czyli znaki diakrytyczne, by oznaczyć takimi literami np. głoski ż, ś, ć, ę, ą.

2000, Kazimierz Ożog, editor, Polonistyka zintegrowana, page 60:

Ogoneks are added, in other words diacritic marks in order to mark them with these letters, e.g. the sounds ż, ś, ć, ę, ą.

Ten zawiera wszystkie potrzebne "ogonki", to znaczy ą, ę, ć, ł i tak dalej."

2003, Bartek Chaciński, Wypasiony słownik najmłodszej polszczyzny, page 91:

This one contains all the needed diacritics, that is ą, ę, ć, ł and so forth.

(orthography, by extension, nonstandard) any diacritical mark


δίφθογγος

head

δίφθογγος • (dífthongos) m (plural δίφθογγοι)

dífthongos (romanization)
δίφθογγοι (plural)
δίφθογγος (nominative singular)
δίφθογγοι (nominative plural)
δίφθογγου (genitive singular)
δίφθογγων (genitive plural)
δίφθογγο (accusative singular)
δίφθογγους (accusative plural)
δίφθογγε (singular vocative)
δίφθογγοι (plural vocative)


bref

(orthography, printing) semicircular diacritical mark (˘) placed above a vowel


五十音

ja-noun

五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん) • (gojūon) ^(←ごじふおん (gozifuon)?)

五十音 (canonical)
gojūon (romanization)
gozifuon (romanization)
ごじふおん (hiragana historical)

From 五十 (gojū, “fifty”) + 音 (on, “sound”).

(phonology, orthography, grammar) all Japanese morae that can be spelled with 45 single modern kana and 2 historical kana (ゐ/ヰ and ゑ/ヱ) customarily without diacritical marks (゛ and ゜), excluding っ and ん, arranged in a 5x10 table (五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “table of the fifty sounds”)), used for phonological and grammatical analysis


五十音順

五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん)順(じゅん) • (gojūonjun) ^(←ごじふおんじゅん (gozifuonzyun)?)

五十音順 (canonical)
gojūonjun (romanization)
gozifuonzyun (romanization)
ごじふおんじゅん (hiragana historical)

[ɡo̞ʑɨːõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨ̃ɴ]

五十音 (literally “fifty sounds”) + 順 (“order”)

suf

(orthography) the sort order for kana (historically, mainly for katakana) as arranged in the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”)


spiritus asper

From Latin spīritus asper (literally “rough breath”).

bor

The spiritus asper mark looks like an opening single quote, as in the word εὑρίσκω (heurískõ), the word εὕρηκα (heúrēka), or the word ἕξις (héxis, "habit").

h, as an aspirate, is very frequent in Chinese ; it is generally a stronger aspirate than in English : in the dialects of the south it is often changed into f, in the north into s, or sh. To mark an aspirate after a consonant, we use the Greek spiritus asper in preference to h.

1836 May, “System of Orthography for Chinese words”, in The Chinese Repository, volume V, number I, page 27:

(orthography) A diacritic mark ( ʻ ) in Ancient Greek used to indicate the aspiration of an initial vowel or rho; also used for a similar sound in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese.

examples from the Wade–Giles romanization system


spiritus lenis

Learned borrowing from Latin spīritus lēnis.

lbor

smooth breathing
smooth breathing#English

(orthography) Synonym of smooth breathing.


促音

(Japanese orthography) the small kana っ/ッ used to spell a moraic obstruent


apostrof

az-noun

apostrof (definite accusative apostrofu, plural apostroflar)

apostrofu (accusative definite)
apostroflar (plural)
apostrof (nominative singular)
apostroflar (nominative plural)
apostrofu (accusative definite singular)
apostrofları (accusative definite plural)
apostrofa (dative singular)
apostroflara (dative plural)
apostrofda (locative singular)
apostroflarda (locative plural)
apostrofdan (ablative singular)
apostroflardan (ablative plural)
apostrofun (definite genitive singular)
apostrofların (definite genitive plural)
apostrofum (first-person nominative possessive singular)
apostroflarım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
apostrofun (nominative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofu (nominative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
apostroflarımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
apostrofunuz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
apostrofu (nominative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofumu (accusative first-person possessive singular)
apostroflarımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
apostrofunu (accusative possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunu (accusative possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzu (accusative first-person plural possessive)
apostroflarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
apostrofunuzu (accusative plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
apostrofunu (accusative plural possessive third-person)
apostroflarını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofuma (dative first-person possessive singular)
apostroflarıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
apostrofuna (dative possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarına (dative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofuna (dative possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarına (dative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuza (dative first-person plural possessive)
apostroflarımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
apostrofunuza (dative plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
apostrofuna (dative plural possessive third-person)
apostroflarına (dative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofumda (first-person locative possessive singular)
apostroflarımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
apostrofunda (locative possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarında (locative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunda (locative possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarında (locative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzda (first-person locative plural possessive)
apostroflarımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
apostrofunuzda (locative plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
apostrofunda (locative plural possessive third-person)
apostroflarında (locative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofumdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
apostroflarımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
apostrofundan (ablative possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
apostrofundan (ablative possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
apostroflarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
apostrofunuzdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
apostrofundan (ablative plural possessive third-person)
apostroflarından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
apostrofumun (first-person genitive possessive singular)
apostroflarımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
apostrofunun (genitive possessive second-person singular)
apostroflarının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
apostrofunun (genitive possessive singular third-person)
apostroflarının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
apostrofumuzun (first-person genitive plural possessive)
apostroflarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
apostrofunuzun (genitive plural possessive second-person)
apostroflarınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
apostrofunun (genitive plural possessive third-person)
apostroflarının (genitive plural possessive third-person)

From Russian апостроф (apostrof), from French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”).

der

(orthography) apostrophe (the character ’)


apostrof

apostrof (nominative singular)
apostrofy (nominative plural)
apostrofu (genitive singular)
apostrofów (genitive plural)
apostrofowi (dative singular)
apostrofom (dative plural)
apostrof (accusative singular)
apostrofy (accusative plural)
apostrofem (instrumental singular)
apostrofami (instrumental plural)
apostrofie (locative singular)
apostrofach (locative plural)
apostrofie (singular vocative)
apostrofy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos). Doublet of apostrofa.

lbor

(orthography) apostrophe (the text character ’)


apostrof

apostrofu (accusative definite)
apostroflar (plural)
apostrof (nominative singular)
apostroflar (nominative plural)
apostrofu (accusative definite singular)
apostrofları (accusative definite plural)
apostrofa (dative singular)
apostroflara (dative plural)
apostrofta (locative singular)
apostroflarda (locative plural)
apostroftan (ablative singular)
apostroflardan (ablative plural)
apostrofun (genitive singular)
apostrofların (genitive plural)

From French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus.


апостроф

ru-noun+

апо́строф or апостро́ф • (apóstrof or apostróf) m inan (genitive апо́строфа or апостро́фа, nominative plural апо́строфы or апостро́фы, genitive plural апо́строфов or апостро́фов)

апо́строф (canonical)
апостро́ф (canonical)
apóstrof (romanization)
apostróf (romanization)
апо́строфа (genitive)
апостро́фа (genitive)
апо́строфы (nominative plural)
апостро́фы (nominative plural)
апо́строфов (genitive plural)
апостро́фов (genitive plural)
апо́строф (nominative singular)
апостро́ф (nominative singular)
апо́строфы (nominative plural)
апостро́фы (nominative plural)
апо́строфа (genitive singular)
апостро́фа (genitive singular)
апо́строфов (genitive plural)
апостро́фов (genitive plural)
апо́строфу (dative singular)
апостро́фу (dative singular)
апо́строфам (dative plural)
апостро́фам (dative plural)
апо́строф (accusative singular)
апостро́ф (accusative singular)
апо́строфы (accusative plural)
апостро́фы (accusative plural)
апо́строфом (instrumental singular)
апостро́фом (instrumental singular)
апо́строфами (instrumental plural)
апостро́фами (instrumental plural)
апо́строфе (prepositional singular)
апостро́фе (prepositional singular)
апо́строфах (plural prepositional)
апостро́фах (plural prepositional)

→ Azerbaijani: apostrof

Ru-апо́строф.ogg

Borrowed from French apostrophe, which in turn is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος.


magnà

magnà (infinitive)
magnànd (gerund)
magnàndo (gerund)
magnàa (participle past)
avè (auxiliary)
màgni (first-person indicative present singular)
màgnet (indicative present second-person singular)
màgna (indicative present singular third-person)
màgnom (first-person indicative plural present)
màgnov (indicative plural present second-person)
magnee (indicative plural present second-person)
màgnen (indicative plural present third-person)
magnàvi (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
magnàvet (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
magnàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
magnàvom (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
magnàvov (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
magnàven (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
magnaróo (first-person future indicative singular)
magnaré (future indicative second-person singular)
magnarét (future indicative second-person singular)
magnarà (future indicative singular third-person)
magnarèmm (first-person future indicative plural)
magnarii (future indicative plural second-person)
magnarànn (future indicative plural third-person)
magnarìa (conditional first-person indicative singular)
magnarìss (conditional first-person indicative singular)
magnarìssi (conditional first-person indicative singular)
magnarìet (conditional indicative second-person singular)
magnarìsset (conditional indicative second-person singular)
magnarìa (conditional indicative singular third-person)
magnarìss (conditional indicative singular third-person)
magnarìom (conditional first-person indicative plural)
magnarìssom (conditional first-person indicative plural)
magnarìov (conditional indicative plural second-person)
magnarìssov (conditional indicative plural second-person)
magnarìen (conditional indicative plural third-person)
magnarìssen (conditional indicative plural third-person)
màgni (first-person present singular subjunctive)
màgnet (present second-person singular subjunctive)
màgna (present singular subjunctive third-person)
màgnom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
màgnov (plural present second-person subjunctive)
magnii (plural present second-person subjunctive)
màgnen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
magnàssi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
magnàsset (past second-person singular subjunctive)
magnàss (past singular subjunctive third-person)
magnàssom (first-person past plural subjunctive)
magnàssov (past plural second-person subjunctive)
magnàssen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
màgna (imperative second-person singular)
màgna (imperative singular third-person)
magnèmm (first-person imperative plural)
magnee (imperative plural second-person)
màgnen (imperative plural third-person)

(Classical Milanese orthography) alternative spelling of manjar


magnà

(Classical Milanese orthography, usually uncountable) alternative spelling of manjar


akuutti

fi-adj

akuutti (comparative akuutimpi, superlative akuutein)

akuutimpi (comparative)
akuutein (superlative)
akuutti (nominative singular)
akuutit (nominative plural)
akuutti (accusative nominative singular)
akuutit (accusative nominative plural)
akuutin (accusative genitive singular)
akuutit (accusative genitive plural)
akuutin (genitive singular)
akuuttien (genitive plural)
akuuttia (partitive singular)
akuutteja (partitive plural)
akuutissa (inessive singular)
akuuteissa (inessive plural)
akuutista (elative singular)
akuuteista (elative plural)
akuuttiin (illative singular)
akuutteihin (illative plural)
akuutilla (adessive singular)
akuuteilla (adessive plural)
akuutilta (ablative singular)
akuuteilta (ablative plural)
akuutille (allative singular)
akuuteille (allative plural)
akuuttina (essive singular)
akuutteina (essive plural)
akuutiksi (singular translative)
akuuteiksi (plural translative)
akuutitta (abessive singular)
akuuteitta (abessive plural)
akuutein (instructive plural)
akuutteine (comitative plural)
akuuttini (nominative singular)
akuuttini (nominative plural)
akuuttini (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttini (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttini (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttini (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttini (genitive singular)
akuuttieni (genitive plural)
akuuttiani (partitive singular)
akuuttejani (partitive plural)
akuutissani (inessive singular)
akuuteissani (inessive plural)
akuutistani (elative singular)
akuuteistani (elative plural)
akuuttiini (illative singular)
akuutteihini (illative plural)
akuutillani (adessive singular)
akuuteillani (adessive plural)
akuutiltani (ablative singular)
akuuteiltani (ablative plural)
akuutilleni (allative singular)
akuuteilleni (allative plural)
akuuttinani (essive singular)
akuutteinani (essive plural)
akuutikseni (singular translative)
akuuteikseni (plural translative)
akuutittani (abessive singular)
akuuteittani (abessive plural)
akuutteineni (comitative plural)
akuuttisi (nominative singular)
akuuttisi (nominative plural)
akuuttisi (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttisi (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttisi (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttisi (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttisi (genitive singular)
akuuttiesi (genitive plural)
akuuttiasi (partitive singular)
akuuttejasi (partitive plural)
akuutissasi (inessive singular)
akuuteissasi (inessive plural)
akuutistasi (elative singular)
akuuteistasi (elative plural)
akuuttiisi (illative singular)
akuutteihisi (illative plural)
akuutillasi (adessive singular)
akuuteillasi (adessive plural)
akuutiltasi (ablative singular)
akuuteiltasi (ablative plural)
akuutillesi (allative singular)
akuuteillesi (allative plural)
akuuttinasi (essive singular)
akuutteinasi (essive plural)
akuutiksesi (singular translative)
akuuteiksesi (plural translative)
akuutittasi (abessive singular)
akuuteittasi (abessive plural)
akuutteinesi (comitative plural)
akuuttimme (nominative singular)
akuuttimme (nominative plural)
akuuttimme (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttimme (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttimme (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttimme (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttimme (genitive singular)
akuuttiemme (genitive plural)
akuuttiamme (partitive singular)
akuuttejamme (partitive plural)
akuutissamme (inessive singular)
akuuteissamme (inessive plural)
akuutistamme (elative singular)
akuuteistamme (elative plural)
akuuttiimme (illative singular)
akuutteihimme (illative plural)
akuutillamme (adessive singular)
akuuteillamme (adessive plural)
akuutiltamme (ablative singular)
akuuteiltamme (ablative plural)
akuutillemme (allative singular)
akuuteillemme (allative plural)
akuuttinamme (essive singular)
akuutteinamme (essive plural)
akuutiksemme (singular translative)
akuuteiksemme (plural translative)
akuutittamme (abessive singular)
akuuteittamme (abessive plural)
akuutteinemme (comitative plural)
akuuttinne (nominative singular)
akuuttinne (nominative plural)
akuuttinne (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttinne (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttinne (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttinne (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttinne (genitive singular)
akuuttienne (genitive plural)
akuuttianne (partitive singular)
akuuttejanne (partitive plural)
akuutissanne (inessive singular)
akuuteissanne (inessive plural)
akuutistanne (elative singular)
akuuteistanne (elative plural)
akuuttiinne (illative singular)
akuutteihinne (illative plural)
akuutillanne (adessive singular)
akuuteillanne (adessive plural)
akuutiltanne (ablative singular)
akuuteiltanne (ablative plural)
akuutillenne (allative singular)
akuuteillenne (allative plural)
akuuttinanne (essive singular)
akuutteinanne (essive plural)
akuutiksenne (singular translative)
akuuteiksenne (plural translative)
akuutittanne (abessive singular)
akuuteittanne (abessive plural)
akuutteinenne (comitative plural)
akuuttinsa (nominative singular)
akuuttinsa (nominative plural)
akuuttinsa (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttinsa (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttinsa (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttinsa (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttinsa (genitive singular)
akuuttiensa (genitive plural)
akuuttiaan (partitive singular)
akuuttiansa (partitive singular)
akuuttejaan (partitive plural)
akuuttejansa (partitive plural)
akuutissaan (inessive singular)
akuutissansa (inessive singular)
akuuteissaan (inessive plural)
akuuteissansa (inessive plural)
akuutistaan (elative singular)
akuutistansa (elative singular)
akuuteistaan (elative plural)
akuuteistansa (elative plural)
akuuttiinsa (illative singular)
akuutteihinsa (illative plural)
akuutillaan (adessive singular)
akuutillansa (adessive singular)
akuuteillaan (adessive plural)
akuuteillansa (adessive plural)
akuutiltaan (ablative singular)
akuutiltansa (ablative singular)
akuuteiltaan (ablative plural)
akuuteiltansa (ablative plural)
akuutilleen (allative singular)
akuutillensa (allative singular)
akuuteilleen (allative plural)
akuuteillensa (allative plural)
akuuttinaan (essive singular)
akuuttinansa (essive singular)
akuutteinaan (essive plural)
akuutteinansa (essive plural)
akuutikseen (singular translative)
akuutiksensa (singular translative)
akuuteikseen (plural translative)
akuuteiksensa (plural translative)
akuutittaan (abessive singular)
akuutittansa (abessive singular)
akuuteittaan (abessive plural)
akuuteittansa (abessive plural)
akuutteineen (comitative plural)
akuutteinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈɑ̝kuːt̪ːi]

Internationalism (see English acute), ultimately from Latin acūta.


akuutti

akuutti (nominative singular)
akuutit (nominative plural)
akuutti (accusative nominative singular)
akuutit (accusative nominative plural)
akuutin (accusative genitive singular)
akuutit (accusative genitive plural)
akuutin (genitive singular)
akuuttien (genitive plural)
akuuttia (partitive singular)
akuutteja (partitive plural)
akuutissa (inessive singular)
akuuteissa (inessive plural)
akuutista (elative singular)
akuuteista (elative plural)
akuuttiin (illative singular)
akuutteihin (illative plural)
akuutilla (adessive singular)
akuuteilla (adessive plural)
akuutilta (ablative singular)
akuuteilta (ablative plural)
akuutille (allative singular)
akuuteille (allative plural)
akuuttina (essive singular)
akuutteina (essive plural)
akuutiksi (singular translative)
akuuteiksi (plural translative)
akuutitta (abessive singular)
akuuteitta (abessive plural)
akuutein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
akuuttini (nominative singular)
akuuttini (nominative plural)
akuuttini (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttini (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttini (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttini (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttini (genitive singular)
akuuttieni (genitive plural)
akuuttiani (partitive singular)
akuuttejani (partitive plural)
akuutissani (inessive singular)
akuuteissani (inessive plural)
akuutistani (elative singular)
akuuteistani (elative plural)
akuuttiini (illative singular)
akuutteihini (illative plural)
akuutillani (adessive singular)
akuuteillani (adessive plural)
akuutiltani (ablative singular)
akuuteiltani (ablative plural)
akuutilleni (allative singular)
akuuteilleni (allative plural)
akuuttinani (essive singular)
akuutteinani (essive plural)
akuutikseni (singular translative)
akuuteikseni (plural translative)
akuutittani (abessive singular)
akuuteittani (abessive plural)
akuutteineni (comitative plural)
akuuttisi (nominative singular)
akuuttisi (nominative plural)
akuuttisi (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttisi (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttisi (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttisi (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttisi (genitive singular)
akuuttiesi (genitive plural)
akuuttiasi (partitive singular)
akuuttejasi (partitive plural)
akuutissasi (inessive singular)
akuuteissasi (inessive plural)
akuutistasi (elative singular)
akuuteistasi (elative plural)
akuuttiisi (illative singular)
akuutteihisi (illative plural)
akuutillasi (adessive singular)
akuuteillasi (adessive plural)
akuutiltasi (ablative singular)
akuuteiltasi (ablative plural)
akuutillesi (allative singular)
akuuteillesi (allative plural)
akuuttinasi (essive singular)
akuutteinasi (essive plural)
akuutiksesi (singular translative)
akuuteiksesi (plural translative)
akuutittasi (abessive singular)
akuuteittasi (abessive plural)
akuutteinesi (comitative plural)
akuuttimme (nominative singular)
akuuttimme (nominative plural)
akuuttimme (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttimme (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttimme (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttimme (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttimme (genitive singular)
akuuttiemme (genitive plural)
akuuttiamme (partitive singular)
akuuttejamme (partitive plural)
akuutissamme (inessive singular)
akuuteissamme (inessive plural)
akuutistamme (elative singular)
akuuteistamme (elative plural)
akuuttiimme (illative singular)
akuutteihimme (illative plural)
akuutillamme (adessive singular)
akuuteillamme (adessive plural)
akuutiltamme (ablative singular)
akuuteiltamme (ablative plural)
akuutillemme (allative singular)
akuuteillemme (allative plural)
akuuttinamme (essive singular)
akuutteinamme (essive plural)
akuutiksemme (singular translative)
akuuteiksemme (plural translative)
akuutittamme (abessive singular)
akuuteittamme (abessive plural)
akuutteinemme (comitative plural)
akuuttinne (nominative singular)
akuuttinne (nominative plural)
akuuttinne (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttinne (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttinne (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttinne (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttinne (genitive singular)
akuuttienne (genitive plural)
akuuttianne (partitive singular)
akuuttejanne (partitive plural)
akuutissanne (inessive singular)
akuuteissanne (inessive plural)
akuutistanne (elative singular)
akuuteistanne (elative plural)
akuuttiinne (illative singular)
akuutteihinne (illative plural)
akuutillanne (adessive singular)
akuuteillanne (adessive plural)
akuutiltanne (ablative singular)
akuuteiltanne (ablative plural)
akuutillenne (allative singular)
akuuteillenne (allative plural)
akuuttinanne (essive singular)
akuutteinanne (essive plural)
akuutiksenne (singular translative)
akuuteiksenne (plural translative)
akuutittanne (abessive singular)
akuuteittanne (abessive plural)
akuutteinenne (comitative plural)
akuuttinsa (nominative singular)
akuuttinsa (nominative plural)
akuuttinsa (accusative nominative singular)
akuuttinsa (accusative nominative plural)
akuuttinsa (accusative genitive singular)
akuuttinsa (accusative genitive plural)
akuuttinsa (genitive singular)
akuuttiensa (genitive plural)
akuuttiaan (partitive singular)
akuuttiansa (partitive singular)
akuuttejaan (partitive plural)
akuuttejansa (partitive plural)
akuutissaan (inessive singular)
akuutissansa (inessive singular)
akuuteissaan (inessive plural)
akuuteissansa (inessive plural)
akuutistaan (elative singular)
akuutistansa (elative singular)
akuuteistaan (elative plural)
akuuteistansa (elative plural)
akuuttiinsa (illative singular)
akuutteihinsa (illative plural)
akuutillaan (adessive singular)
akuutillansa (adessive singular)
akuuteillaan (adessive plural)
akuuteillansa (adessive plural)
akuutiltaan (ablative singular)
akuutiltansa (ablative singular)
akuuteiltaan (ablative plural)
akuuteiltansa (ablative plural)
akuutilleen (allative singular)
akuutillensa (allative singular)
akuuteilleen (allative plural)
akuuteillensa (allative plural)
akuuttinaan (essive singular)
akuuttinansa (essive singular)
akuutteinaan (essive plural)
akuutteinansa (essive plural)
akuutikseen (singular translative)
akuutiksensa (singular translative)
akuuteikseen (plural translative)
akuuteiksensa (plural translative)
akuutittaan (abessive singular)
akuutittansa (abessive singular)
akuuteittaan (abessive plural)
akuuteittansa (abessive plural)
akuutteineen (comitative plural)
akuutteinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈɑ̝kuːt̪ːi]


bokal

(orthography) a letter representing the sound of vowel


skál

is-noun

skál f (genitive singular skálar, nominative plural (most meanings) skálar or (toast, landscape depression) skálir)

skálar (genitive singular)
skálar (nominative plural)
skálir (nominative plural)
skál (indefinite nominative singular)
skálin (definite nominative singular)
skálar (indefinite nominative plural)
skálir (indefinite nominative plural)
skálarnar (definite nominative plural)
skálirnar (definite nominative plural)
skál (accusative indefinite singular)
skálina (accusative definite singular)
skálar (accusative indefinite plural)
skálir (accusative indefinite plural)
skálarnar (accusative definite plural)
skálirnar (accusative definite plural)
skál (dative indefinite singular)
skálinni (dative definite singular)
skálum (dative indefinite plural)
skálunum (dative definite plural)
skálar (genitive indefinite singular)
skálarinnar (definite genitive singular)
skála (genitive indefinite plural)
skálanna (definite genitive plural)

is-ndecl

f,,ar􂀿most meanings􂁀:ir􂀿toast, landscape depression􂁀

From Old Norse skál, from Proto-Germanic *skēlō.


撥音

[ha̠t͡sɨõ̞ɴ]

From 撥(はつ) (hatsu, “pick”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).

ja-compound

(Japanese orthography) the kana ん/ン (n) used to spell a moraic nasal


apostrofo

From Late Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, literally “turned backwards”), from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, literally “I turn away”).

der

L’I, quando è Consonante, […] conoscesi dal non potersi segnare coll’apostrofo la parola, che le sta avanti

1744, Jacopo Angelo Nelli, “Che cosa siano le Lettere, quante, e quali [What letters are, which ones, and how many]”, in Grammatica italiana: per uso de' giovanetti [Italian Grammar: for use by young people], Torino: Stamperia Reale, page 2:

When it is a consonant, the I is recognized by the inability of marking the word that follows with the apostrophe


拗音

拗音 (canonical)
yōon (romanization)
euon (romanization)
えうおん (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 拗音 (ǎoyīn)

(Japanese orthography and phonology) in 和語 (wago, “native words”) and 漢語 (kango, “Classical Chinese words”), a mora that is spelt with:

one of the full-sized kana, き (ki), ぎ (gi), し (shi), じ (ji), ち (chi), ぢ (ji), に (ni), ひ (hi), び (bi), ぴ (pi), み (mi) and り (ri), followed by one the small kana, ゃ, ゅ and ょ, to represent the palatalization of the mora

one of the full-sized kana, く (ku) and ぐ (gu), followed by the small kana ゎ, to represent the historical labialization of the mora


표기

Sino-Korean word from 表記, from 表 (“show, express, manifest, display”) + 記 (“inscription, mark”).

ko-etym-sino

로마자 표기


asento

ᜀᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
aksento (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish acento, ultimately from Latin accentus.

(orthography) accent (mark to indicate accent)


klinker

nl-noun

klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)

klinkers (plural)
klinkertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: klinker

→ West Frisian: klinker

From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).

cog

(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)


The various uses of the present symbol derive from several sources. The medieval virgule (Latin virgula) was an oblique or vertical line that served as a comma, period, and caesura mark and is still used in literary contexts to mark line breaks in verse. (This mark separately developed as the comma ⟨,⟩ and caesura mark ⟨‖⟩ and some senses of the vertical bar ⟨|⟩.) The shilling mark (Latin solidus) was variously written s. or as the long s ſ. This eventually developed into a single unpunctuated slash; its use to separate shillings from pence was sometimes generalized to any currency division. Most mathematical senses derived from the earlier horizontal fraction bar (as in 12, usually attributed to Arabic mathematician al-Hassar), rewritten with a slash by the 18th century to permit fractions to be written on a single line. As a separator and conjunction, it represents an oblique form of the dash ⟨–⟩ or hyphen ⟨-⟩. Its use to mark supposed actions derives from command formatting in online chat forums, while its use to comment on preceding text derives from its use in some programming languages to form closing tags. Its present British name stroke derives from its use in telegraphy; its present American name slash gained wide currency from its use in computing.

(orthography) typographic substitute for the dental click ⟨ǀ⟩.


振る

ja-verb

振(ふ)る • (furu) transitive godan (stem 振(ふ)り (furi), past 振(ふ)った (futta))

振る (canonical)
furu (romanization)
振り (stem)
振った (past)
振ら
ふら
fura
振り
ふり
furi
振る
ふる
furu
振れ
ふれ
fure
振られる (passive)
ふられる (passive)
furareru (passive)
振らせる (causative)
振らす (causative)
ふらせる (causative)
ふらす (causative)
furaseru (causative)
furasu (causative)
振れる (potential)
ふれる (potential)
fureru (potential)
振ろう (volitional)
ふろう (volitional)
furō (volitional)
振らない (negative)
ふらない (negative)
furanai (negative)
振らず (continuative negative)
ふらず (continuative negative)
furazu (continuative negative)
振ります (formal)
ふります (formal)
furimasu (formal)
振った (perfective)
ふった (perfective)
futta (perfective)
振って (conjunctive)
ふって (conjunctive)
futte (conjunctive)
振れば (conditional hypothetical)
ふれば (conditional hypothetical)
fureba (conditional hypothetical)

ルビを振る


interpunkcija

interpunkcija (nominative singular)
interpunkcijas (genitive singular)
interpunkcijai (dative singular)
interpunkciju (accusative singular)
interpunkciju (instrumental singular)
interpunkcijā (locative singular)
interpunkcija (singular vocative)

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Latin interpunctiō, from inter (“between”) and punctiō (“pricking, puncturing”), from the verb pungo (“to prick, to puncture, to sting”).

interpunkcijas sistēma

apgūt interpunkciju

interpunkcijas kļūdas

izvēloties pieturzīmes, jāņem vērā interpunkcijas un citu rakstības zīmju un paņēmienu mijiedarbība

when choosing punctuation marks, one must take into account the interaction of punctuation and other writing symbols and modes

vispirms tulkotājiem pārmetums, ka viņi pārāk brīvi rīkojušies ar interpunkciju

the first criticism of translators is that they treat punctuation too freely

punctuation mark
punctuation mark#English

(orthography) punctuation (the set of punctuation marks in a given language; the use of punctuation marks in a given language)


(orthography) The Greek tonos (τόνος) stress mark used in modern Greek.

The appendix describing the Greek alphabet


agudo

[ʔɐˈɣuː.d̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish agudo (“acute”), from Old Spanish, from Latin acūtus.


四つ仮名

四つ仮名 (canonical)
yotsugana (romanization)

From 四(よ)つ (yotsu, “four”) + 仮名(かな) (kana, “kana”). The kana changes to gana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

(orthography) the four kana pairs of じ/ジ, ず/ズ, ぢ/ヂ and づ/ヅ, the latter two of which represent historical morae that are now pronounced identically to the former two in most major dialects


小文字

(orthography, typography) a minuscule (lower-case letter)


codetta

→ English: codetta

From coda + -etta (diminutive suffix). Sense 3 is a semantic loan from Polish ogonek.


ψιλός

ψῑλός • (psīlós) m (feminine ψῑλή, neuter ψῑλόν); first/second declension

ψῑλός (canonical)
psīlós (romanization)
ψῑλή (feminine)
ψῑλόν (neuter)
ψῑλός (masculine nominative singular)
ψῑλή (feminine nominative singular)
ψῑλόν (neuter nominative singular)
ψῑλώ (dual masculine nominative)
ψῑλᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
ψῑλώ (dual neuter nominative)
ψῑλοί (masculine nominative plural)
ψῑλαί (feminine nominative plural)
ψῑλᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
ψῑλοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
ψῑλῆς (feminine genitive singular)
ψῑλοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
ψῑλοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
ψῑλαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
ψῑλοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
ψῑλῶν (genitive masculine plural)
ψῑλῶν (feminine genitive plural)
ψῑλῶν (genitive neuter plural)
ψῑλῷ (dative masculine singular)
ψῑλῇ (dative feminine singular)
ψῑλῷ (dative neuter singular)
ψῑλοῖν (dative dual masculine)
ψῑλαῖν (dative dual feminine)
ψῑλοῖν (dative dual neuter)
ψῑλοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ψῑλαῖς (dative feminine plural)
ψῑλοῖς (dative neuter plural)
ψῑλόν (accusative masculine singular)
ψῑλήν (accusative feminine singular)
ψῑλόν (accusative neuter singular)
ψῑλώ (accusative dual masculine)
ψῑλᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
ψῑλώ (accusative dual neuter)
ψῑλούς (accusative masculine plural)
ψῑλᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
ψῑλᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ψῑλέ (masculine singular vocative)
ψῑλή (feminine singular vocative)
ψῑλόν (neuter singular vocative)
ψῑλώ (dual masculine vocative)
ψῑλᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
ψῑλώ (dual neuter vocative)
ψῑλοί (masculine plural vocative)
ψῑλαί (feminine plural vocative)
ψῑλᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
ψῑλῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
ψῑλότερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
ψῑλότᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

δασύς

antonym(s) of “hairless, without rough breathing, unaspirated”

Of unknown origin; possibly related to ψάω (psáō, “to rub, wipe”), and thus of Pre-Greek origin, though the morphology remains unclear if indeed related.

(orthography, of the sounds /e/ and /y/) written with the single letters ⟨ε⟩ and ⟨υ⟩ rather than the digraphs ⟨αι⟩ and ⟨οι⟩


स्वर

sa-noun

स्वर • (svára, svará) stem, m (root स्वर्)

svára (romanization)
svará (romanization)
स्वर ् (root)
स्वरः (nominative singular)
स्वरौ (dual nominative)
स्वरा1 (dual nominative)
स्वराः (nominative plural)
स्वरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वरम् (accusative singular)
स्वरौ (accusative dual)
स्वरा1 (accusative dual)
स्वरान् (accusative plural)
स्वरेण (instrumental singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरैः (instrumental plural)
स्वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वराय (dative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरात् (ablative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरस्य (genitive singular)
स्वरयोः (dual genitive)
स्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरे (locative singular)
स्वरयोः (dual locative)
स्वरेषु (locative plural)
स्वर (singular vocative)
स्वरौ (dual vocative)
स्वरा1 (dual vocative)
स्वराः (plural vocative)
स्वरासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Kapampangan: siwala

→ Khmer: សូរ (sou)

desctree

→ Malay: suara
Indonesian: suara
→ Kapampangan: siuala
→ Maguindanao: suala
→ Tausug: swara

→ Old Javanese: swara, sora
Javanese: ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ (swara), ꦱꦾꦫ (syara), ꦱꦸꦮꦫ (suwara)
→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
>? Javanese: ꦱꦿꦮ (srawa)
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
>? Malay: sorak
> Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

→ Tamil: ஸ்வரம் (svaram), சுரம் (curam)

→ Telugu: స్వరము (svaramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound”).

inh

दीर्घ स्वर

ह्रस्व स्वर


legatura

→ English: legatura

From Late Latin ligātūra, from Latin ligātus.

typographic ligature
typographic ligature

(orthography, typography) typographic ligature


cirkumflex

cirkumflex (indefinite nominative singular)
cirkumflex (genitive indefinite singular)
cirkumflexen (definite nominative singular)
cirkumflexens (definite genitive singular)
cirkumflexer (indefinite nominative plural)
cirkumflexers (genitive indefinite plural)
cirkumflexerna (definite nominative plural)
cirkumflexernas (definite genitive plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin circumflexus (“bent about”).


cedilj

cedilj (indefinite nominative singular)
cediljs (genitive indefinite singular)
cediljen (definite nominative singular)
cediljens (definite genitive singular)
cediljer (indefinite nominative plural)
cediljers (genitive indefinite plural)
cediljerna (definite nominative plural)
cediljernas (definite genitive plural)


accent aigu

nl-noun

accent aigu n (plural accents aigus or accent aigus)

accents aigus (plural)
accent aigus (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from French accent aigu.


accent aigu

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch accent aigu (“acute accent”), from French accent aigu (“acute accent”), from Latin accentus acūtus (“sharp accent”), itself a calque of Ancient Greek προσῳδία ὀξύς (prosōidía oxús, “sharp accent”).

der

προσῳδία ὀξύς


accent aigu

accent aigu m (definite singular accent aiguen, indefinite plural accent aiguer, definite plural accent aiguene)

accent aiguen (definite singular)
accent aiguer (indefinite plural)
accent aiguene (definite plural)

Borrowed from French accent aigu (“acute accent”).

[lærerinnen] kom med accent aigu og accent grave. Og det underlige skjedde at Frida Grytum i løpet av få uker hadde ført Paris inn i klasseværelset

1985, Gerd Brantenberg, Ved fergestedet, page 153:

(orthography) an acute accent (a diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages)


bób

bobowy (adjective)
bób (nominative singular)
boby (nominative plural)
bobu (genitive singular)
bobów (genitive plural)
bobowi (dative singular)
bobom (dative plural)
bób (accusative singular)
boby (accusative plural)
bobem (instrumental singular)
bobami (instrumental plural)
bobie (locative singular)
bobach (locative plural)
bobie (singular vocative)
boby (plural vocative)
bober (alternative regional)

(obsolete, orthography) synonym of kreska


apostrophically

(orthography, humorous) With apostrophes.


stafsetning

is-noun

stafsetning f (genitive singular stafsetningar, nominative plural stafsetningar)

stafsetningar (genitive singular)
stafsetningar (nominative plural)
stafsetning (indefinite nominative singular)
stafsetningin (definite nominative singular)
stafsetningar (indefinite nominative plural)
stafsetningarnar (definite nominative plural)
stafsetningu (accusative indefinite singular)
stafsetninguna (accusative definite singular)
stafsetningar (accusative indefinite plural)
stafsetningarnar (accusative definite plural)
stafsetningu (dative indefinite singular)
stafsetningunni (dative definite singular)
stafsetningum (dative indefinite plural)
stafsetningunum (dative definite plural)
stafsetningar (genitive indefinite singular)
stafsetningarinnar (definite genitive singular)
stafsetninga (genitive indefinite plural)
stafsetninganna (definite genitive plural)


iota subscript

en-noun

iota subscript (plural iotas subscript or iota subscripts)

iotas subscript (plural)
iota subscripts (plural)

(Greek orthography) A small iota written below an alpha, eta or omega – e.g. in ᾠδή (ōidḗ) – representing a vocalic offglide that was pronounced in early Ancient Greek, but later became silent; invented in the Middle Ages in order to mark those vowels which would originally have had such an offglide.


punctum delens

Unadapted borrowing from Latin pūnctum dēlēns.

ubor

(orthography) A dot placed above a letter to indicate that it is a copying error and should be ignored.

(orthography) A dot placed above a consonant in Irish, when it is written in Gaelic script, to indicate that the consonant is lenited.


punctum delens

la-noun

pūnctum dēlēns n (genitive pūnctī dēlentis); second declension

pūnctum dēlēns (canonical neuter)
pūnctī dēlentis (genitive)
pūnctum dēlēns (nominative singular)
pūncta dēlentia (nominative plural)
pūnctī dēlentis (genitive singular)
pūnctōrum dēlentium (genitive plural)
pūnctō dēlentī (dative singular)
pūnctīs dēlentibus (dative plural)
pūnctum dēlēns (accusative singular)
pūncta dēlentia (accusative plural)
pūnctō dēlentī (ablative singular)
pūnctīs dēlentibus (ablative plural)
pūnctum dēlēns (singular vocative)
pūncta dēlentia (plural vocative)

→ English: punctum delens (learned)

[ˈpʊŋk.tũː ˈdeː.ɫẽːs]

From pūnctum (“point, dot”) + dēlēns, present active participle of dēleō (“delete”).

(orthography) a punctum delens; mark made to indicate that a written character is an error to be ignored.