floor

non-rhotic, dough–door merger, African-American Vernacular

Inherited from Middle English flor, flore, from Old English flōr (“floor, pavement, ground, bottom”), from Proto-West Germanic *flōr, from Proto-Germanic *flōraz (“flat surface, floor, plain”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂ros (“floor”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).
Cognate with Scots flair, Scots flure, fluir (“floor”), Saterland Frisian Floor (“floor”), West Frisian flier (“floor”), Dutch vloer (“floor”), German Low German Floor (“entry hall”), German Flur (“field, floor, entrance hall”), Swedish flor (“floor of a cow stall”), Norwegian Nynorsk flor (“floor of a cow stall”), Irish urlár (“floor”), Scottish Gaelic làr (“floor, ground, earth”), Welsh llawr (“floor, ground”), Latin plānus (“level, flat”).

cog

(construction, architecture) A structure formed of beams, girders, etc, with proper covering, which divides a building horizontally into storeys/stories.


hem

From Middle English hem, hemm, in turn from Old English hem, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian քամել (kʻamel, “to press, wring”), Russian ком (kom, “lump”).
The verb is from Middle English hemmen, from Old English hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną, or alternatively derived from the noun.

(sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.


hem

en-verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

hems (present singular third-person)
hemming (participle present)
hemmed (participle past)
hemmed (past)


mash

en-noun

mash (countable and uncountable, plural mashes)

From Middle English mash, from Old English mǣsċ, māsċ, māx, from Proto-Germanic *maiskaz, *maiskō (“mixture, mash”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyǵ-, *meyḱ- (“to mix”). Akin to German Meisch, Maische (“mash”), (compare meischen, maischen (“to mash, wash”)), Swedish mäsk (“mash”), and to Old English miscian (“to mix”). See mix.

(brewing) Ground or bruised malt, or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort.


браный

ru-adj

бра́ный • (brányj)

бра́ный (canonical)
brányj (romanization)
бра́ный (masculine nominative)
бра́ное (neuter nominative)
бра́ная (feminine nominative)
бра́ные (nominative plural)
бра́ного (genitive masculine neuter)
бра́ной (feminine genitive)
бра́ных (genitive plural)
бра́ному (dative masculine neuter)
бра́ной (dative feminine)
бра́ным (dative plural)
бра́ного (accusative animate masculine)
бра́ное (accusative neuter)
бра́ную (accusative feminine)
бра́ных (accusative animate plural)
бра́ный (accusative inanimate masculine)
бра́ные (accusative inanimate plural)
бра́ным (instrumental masculine neuter)
бра́ной (feminine instrumental)
бра́ною (feminine instrumental)
бра́ными (instrumental plural)
бра́ном (masculine neuter prepositional)
бра́ной (feminine prepositional)
бра́ных (plural prepositional)

(dated, textiles) patterned, adorned with a pattern or design


бёрдо

ru-noun+

бёрдо • (bjórdo) n inan (genitive бёрда, nominative plural бёрда, genitive plural бёрд)

bjórdo (romanization)
бёрда (genitive)
бёрда (nominative plural)
бёрд (genitive plural)
бёрдо (nominative singular)
бёрда (nominative plural)
бёрда (genitive singular)
бёрд (genitive plural)
бёрду (dative singular)
бёрдам (dative plural)
бёрдо (accusative singular)
бёрда (accusative plural)
бёрдом (instrumental singular)
бёрдами (instrumental plural)
бёрде (prepositional singular)
бёрдах (plural prepositional)


副

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰɯɡs, *pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ): phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Jiajie (假借) from 褔 (fù, “to be filled with”).

Han compound

褔
㽬
疈
𠠦
𤗚
㨽
*罷
擘
劈

[A]nd his wife, in her head-dress and embroidered robe, stood in her room.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

夫人副褘立于房中。

夫人副袆立于房中。

(historical, clothing) ornamental headdress worn by queens or noblewomen


trein

head

trein (verbal noun treiney or treinaghey)

treiney (noun-from-verb)
treinaghey (noun-from-verb)
trein
hrein
drein


drag

en-noun

drag (countable and uncountable, plural drags)

From Middle English draggen (“to drag”), early Middle English dragen (“to draw, carry”), confluence of Old English dragan (“to drag, draw, draw oneself, go, protract”) and Old Norse draga (“to draw, attract”); both from Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to draw, drag”).
Verb sense influenced due to association with the noun drag (“that which is hauled or dragged”), related to Low German dragge (“a drag-anchor, grapnel”). Cognate with Danish drægge (“to dredge”), Danish drage (“to draw, attract”), Swedish dragga (“to drag, drag anchor, sweep”), Swedish draga (“to draw, go”), Icelandic draga (“to drag, pull”). Doublet of draw.

cog

(masonry) A steel instrument for completing the dressing of soft stone.


吼

(Hong Kong, construction, informal) alternative form of 窿


圬

(masonry) to plaster over with a layer of mud


杇

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qʷaː): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 亏 (OC *ɢʷa). Compare 杅.

Han compound

Zai Yu being asleep during the daytime, the Master said, "Rotten wood cannot be carved; a wall of dirty earth will not receive the trowel. This Yu!—what is the use of my reproving him?"

The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Zǎi Yú zhòuqǐn. Zǐ yuē: “Xiǔmù bùkě diāo yě, fèntǔ zhī qiáng, bùkě wū yě, yú Yú yú hé zhū.”

宰予晝寢。子曰：「朽木不可雕也，糞土之牆，不可杇也，於予與何誅。」

宰予昼寝。子曰：「朽木不可雕也，粪土之墙，不可杇也，于予与何诛。」


柚

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) reed


桁

2019, Mori Kōnin, Morimoto Minori, Sugu ni yakudatsu saishin Kenchiku Kijunhō to shidō kyōkai nisshōken no hōritsu to toraburu kaiketsuhō [Useful guide to the latest Building Standards Act and laws on private driveways, property boundaries, and zoning, with trouble shooting], page 72:

In the case of wooden buildings, the height from the ground surface to the top of the top plate (the top of the crossbeam connecting the tops of the pillars) defines the height of the eaves.

木造建築物の場合は地盤面から敷桁上端（柱の上部を連結しているけたの上端）まで […] の高さが軒の高さになります。

Mokuzō kenchikubutsu no baai wa jibanmen kara shikigeta jōtan (hashira no jōbu o renketsu shite iru keta no jōtan) made […] no takasa ga noki no takasa ni narimasu.


桴

桴 (canonical)
桴 (canonical)
bachi (romanization)

Bachi
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
Wamyō Ruijushō
ja:桴

From the kan'yōyomi of the 撥 kanji spelling, in turn a shift in pronunciation from the regular kan'on reading of hatsu.
First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō from 934 CE.

(traditional Japanese shipbuilding) a metal chisel mallet (from the general resemblance in shape to a gong mallet)


楣

From Old Japanese. First cited to a text from 762.
Compound of 目 (ma, combining form of me, “eye; opening”) + 種 (kusa, “material, piece”, also spelled 草 in various compounds). The kusa changes to gusa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

also spelled <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">草</i> in various compounds

鴨居

a lintel with grooves for a [[sliding window]] or [[sliding door|door]]

無目

a lintel lacking [[groove]]s for a [[sliding window]] or [[sliding door|door]]

(architecture, construction, carpentry) a lintel


機

From Middle Chinese 機 /机 (kjɨj, “mechanism; opportunity, chance”). Compare modern Min Nan reading ki.


機

From onomatopoeic はた (hata), possibly for the sound of the shuttle running back and forth, or for the sound of a woven cloth moving in the wind, compare 旗 (hata, “a flag”).


滾

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kluːnʔ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 袞 (OC *kluːnʔ)

Han compound

(sewing) to use a narrow piece of cut fabric to create an edge


經

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *keːŋ, *keːŋs): semantic 糹 (“silk; thread”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ).

Han compound

In the [fabric of] the earth’s shape, east and west are the weft; north and south are the warp; ….

Fán dìxíng, dōngxī wèi wěi, nánběi wèi jīng,.......

凡地形，東西為緯，南北為經，……。

凡地形，东西为纬，南北为经，……。

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) warp, a thread running lengthwise in a woven fabric


經

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, weaving) to wrap; to arrange strands of thread so that they run lengthwise


pitch

en-verb

pitch (third-person singular simple present pitches, present participle pitching, simple past and past participle pitched or (obsolete) pight)

pitches (present singular third-person)
pitching (participle present)
pitched (participle past)
pitched (past)
pight (obsolete participle past)
pight (obsolete past)

Spanish: pichar

From Middle English picchen, pycchen (“to thrust in, fasten, settle”), from Old English *piċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *pikkijan, a variant of Proto-West Germanic *pikkōn (“to pick, peck”), whence Middle English pikken, picken (“to pick, pierce”), modern English pick.

cog

except for the cell growth which is higher for the yeast pitched with lower vitality

2004 September 1, L. F. Guido, P. G. Rodrigues, J. A. Rodrigues, C. R. Gonçalves, A. A. Barros, “The impact of the physiological condition of the pitching yeast on beer flavour stability: an industrial approach”, in Food Chemistry, volume 87, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 187–193:

five pitching rates were applied to lab-scale fermentations to investigate its impact on the yeast

2009 February 1, P. J. Verbelen, T. M. L. Dekoninck, S. M. G. Saerens, S. E. Van Mulders, J. M. Thevelein, “Impact of pitching rate on yeast fermentation performance and beer flavour”, in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, volume 82, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 155–167:

Since yeast propagation is time and resource intensive, it is customary to serially re-pitch yeast

2019 August 1, Girmay Kalayu, “Serial re-pitching: its effect on yeast physiology, fermentation performance, and product quality”, in Annals of Microbiology, volume 69, number 8, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 787–796:

(brewing) To add yeast as a step while making beer


織

From 織り (ori), the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 織(お)る (oru, “to weave”, transitive).


kata

kata (nominative singular)
kadat (nominative plural)
kata (accusative nominative singular)
kadat (accusative nominative plural)
kadan (accusative genitive singular)
kadat (accusative genitive plural)
kadan (genitive singular)
katojen (genitive plural)
katain (genitive plural rare)
kataa (partitive singular)
katoja (partitive plural)
kadassa (inessive singular)
kadoissa (inessive plural)
kadasta (elative singular)
kadoista (elative plural)
kataan (illative singular)
katoihin (illative plural)
kadalla (adessive singular)
kadoilla (adessive plural)
kadalta (ablative singular)
kadoilta (ablative plural)
kadalle (allative singular)
kadoille (allative plural)
katana (essive singular)
katoina (essive plural)
kadaksi (singular translative)
kadoiksi (plural translative)
kadatta (abessive singular)
kadoitta (abessive plural)
kadoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
katani (nominative singular)
katani (nominative plural)
katani (accusative nominative singular)
katani (accusative nominative plural)
katani (accusative genitive singular)
katani (accusative genitive plural)
katani (genitive singular)
katojeni (genitive plural)
kataini (genitive plural rare)
kataani (partitive singular)
katojani (partitive plural)
kadassani (inessive singular)
kadoissani (inessive plural)
kadastani (elative singular)
kadoistani (elative plural)
kataani (illative singular)
katoihini (illative plural)
kadallani (adessive singular)
kadoillani (adessive plural)
kadaltani (ablative singular)
kadoiltani (ablative plural)
kadalleni (allative singular)
kadoilleni (allative plural)
katanani (essive singular)
katoinani (essive plural)
kadakseni (singular translative)
kadoikseni (plural translative)
kadattani (abessive singular)
kadoittani (abessive plural)
katoineni (comitative plural)
katasi (nominative singular)
katasi (nominative plural)
katasi (accusative nominative singular)
katasi (accusative nominative plural)
katasi (accusative genitive singular)
katasi (accusative genitive plural)
katasi (genitive singular)
katojesi (genitive plural)
kataisi (genitive plural rare)
kataasi (partitive singular)
katojasi (partitive plural)
kadassasi (inessive singular)
kadoissasi (inessive plural)
kadastasi (elative singular)
kadoistasi (elative plural)
kataasi (illative singular)
katoihisi (illative plural)
kadallasi (adessive singular)
kadoillasi (adessive plural)
kadaltasi (ablative singular)
kadoiltasi (ablative plural)
kadallesi (allative singular)
kadoillesi (allative plural)
katanasi (essive singular)
katoinasi (essive plural)
kadaksesi (singular translative)
kadoiksesi (plural translative)
kadattasi (abessive singular)
kadoittasi (abessive plural)
katoinesi (comitative plural)
katamme (nominative singular)
katamme (nominative plural)
katamme (accusative nominative singular)
katamme (accusative nominative plural)
katamme (accusative genitive singular)
katamme (accusative genitive plural)
katamme (genitive singular)
katojemme (genitive plural)
kataimme (genitive plural rare)
kataamme (partitive singular)
katojamme (partitive plural)
kadassamme (inessive singular)
kadoissamme (inessive plural)
kadastamme (elative singular)
kadoistamme (elative plural)
kataamme (illative singular)
katoihimme (illative plural)
kadallamme (adessive singular)
kadoillamme (adessive plural)
kadaltamme (ablative singular)
kadoiltamme (ablative plural)
kadallemme (allative singular)
kadoillemme (allative plural)
katanamme (essive singular)
katoinamme (essive plural)
kadaksemme (singular translative)
kadoiksemme (plural translative)
kadattamme (abessive singular)
kadoittamme (abessive plural)
katoinemme (comitative plural)
katanne (nominative singular)
katanne (nominative plural)
katanne (accusative nominative singular)
katanne (accusative nominative plural)
katanne (accusative genitive singular)
katanne (accusative genitive plural)
katanne (genitive singular)
katojenne (genitive plural)
katainne (genitive plural rare)
kataanne (partitive singular)
katojanne (partitive plural)
kadassanne (inessive singular)
kadoissanne (inessive plural)
kadastanne (elative singular)
kadoistanne (elative plural)
kataanne (illative singular)
katoihinne (illative plural)
kadallanne (adessive singular)
kadoillanne (adessive plural)
kadaltanne (ablative singular)
kadoiltanne (ablative plural)
kadallenne (allative singular)
kadoillenne (allative plural)
katananne (essive singular)
katoinanne (essive plural)
kadaksenne (singular translative)
kadoiksenne (plural translative)
kadattanne (abessive singular)
kadoittanne (abessive plural)
katoinenne (comitative plural)
katansa (nominative singular)
katansa (nominative plural)
katansa (accusative nominative singular)
katansa (accusative nominative plural)
katansa (accusative genitive singular)
katansa (accusative genitive plural)
katansa (genitive singular)
katojensa (genitive plural)
katainsa (genitive plural rare)
kataansa (partitive singular)
katojaan (partitive plural)
katojansa (partitive plural)
kadassaan (inessive singular)
kadassansa (inessive singular)
kadoissaan (inessive plural)
kadoissansa (inessive plural)
kadastaan (elative singular)
kadastansa (elative singular)
kadoistaan (elative plural)
kadoistansa (elative plural)
kataansa (illative singular)
katoihinsa (illative plural)
kadallaan (adessive singular)
kadallansa (adessive singular)
kadoillaan (adessive plural)
kadoillansa (adessive plural)
kadaltaan (ablative singular)
kadaltansa (ablative singular)
kadoiltaan (ablative plural)
kadoiltansa (ablative plural)
kadalleen (allative singular)
kadallensa (allative singular)
kadoilleen (allative plural)
kadoillensa (allative plural)
katanaan (essive singular)
katanansa (essive singular)
katoinaan (essive plural)
katoinansa (essive plural)
kadakseen (singular translative)
kadaksensa (singular translative)
kadoikseen (plural translative)
kadoiksensa (plural translative)
kadattaan (abessive singular)
kadattansa (abessive singular)
kadoittaan (abessive plural)
kadoittansa (abessive plural)
katoineen (comitative plural)
katoinensa (comitative plural)

From dialectal Swedish skata (compare standard Swedish skate).


茨

/ubara/ → /ibara/
Sound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below). Now the modern version of this term.

(architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable


tack

en-noun

tack (countable and uncountable, plural tacks)

From Middle English tak, takke (“hook; staple; nail”), from Old Northern French taque (“nail, pin, peg”), from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“tip; point; protrusion; prong; tine; jag; spike; twig”), of unknown origin, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dHgʰ-n-, from the root *déHgʰ- (“to pinch; to tear, rip, fray”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Takke (“bough; branch; twig”), West Frisian takke (“branch”), tûk (“branch, smart, sharp”), Dutch tak (“twig; branch; limb”), German Zacke (“jag; prong; spike; tooth; peak”).

cog

(sewing) A loose seam used to temporarily fasten pieces of cloth.

The laminate adhesive has very aggressive tack and is hard to move once in place.

Letterpress and offset gloss varnishes normally have viscosities varying from 50 to 250 poises; they must stain the paper as little as possible, have insufficient tack to cause plucking, […]

1959, E. A. Apps, Printing Ink Technology, page 415:

(manufacturing, construction, chemistry) The stickiness of a compound, related to its cohesive and adhesive properties.


cop

Per GDLC, possibly from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, lap; fabric fold; pocket”), with influence from copa (“cup”). First attested in 1324. In some senses (e.g. "snowflake"), influenced by Spanish copo (“flake”).


void

From Middle English voide, voyde, from Old French vuit, voide, vuide (modern vide), in turn from Vulgar Latin *vocitum, ultimately from Latin vacuus.

(construction) An empty space between floors or walls, including false separations and planned gaps between a building and its facade.

hézag

construction: an empty space between floors or walls, including false separations and planned gaps between a building and its facade


void

(construction, sometimes technical) void (an empty space between floors or walls, including false separations and planned gaps between a building and its facade)


tank

→ Afrikaans: tenk

→ Albanian: tank

→ Gulf Arabic: تانْكي (tānki)

→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)

→ Assamese: টেংকি (teṅki)

→ Asturian: tanque

→ Azerbaijani: tank

→ Bashkir: танк (tank)

→ Belarusian: танк (tank)

→ Bengali: ট্যাংক (ṭêṅko)

→ Burmese: တင့်ကား (tang.ka:)

→ Buryat: танк (tank)

→ Catalan: tanc

→ Chechen: танк (tank)

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 坦克 (tǎnkè)

→ Chuvash: танк (tank)

→ Czech: tank

→ Danish: tank

→ Dutch: tank

→ Dzongkha: ཏེངཀ (tengk)

→ Eastern Mari: танк (tank)

→ Estonian: tank

→ Fiji Hindi: tanki

→ Finnish: tankki

→ French: tank

→ Galician: tanque

→ Georgian: ტანკი (ṭanḳi)

→ German: Tank

→ Greek: τανκ (tank)

→ Greenlandic: tanki

→ Hebrew: טנק (tank)

desctree

→ Hindi: टंकी (ṭaṅkī)
→ Burmese: တိုင်ကီ (tuingki)

→ Hungarian: tank

→ Indonesian: tank

→ Italian: tank, tanca

→ Japanese: タンク (tanku)

→ Kazakh: танк (tank)

→ Korean: 탱크 (taengkeu)

→ Kumyk: танк (tank)

→ Kyrgyz: танк (tank)

→ Lao: ຖັງ (thang)

→ Latvian: tanks

→ Lezgi: танк (tank)

→ Lithuanian: tankas

→ Macedonian: тенк (tenk)

→ Malay: tank

→ Maori: taika

→ Norwegian: tank, tanks

→ Ossetian: танк (tank)

→ Persian: تانک (tânk)

desc

→ Portuguese: tanque (“armored vehicle”)

→ Quechua: tanki

→ Romanian: tanc

→ Romansch: tanc

desctree

→ Russian: танк (tank), танкъ (tank) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)
→ Kazakh: танк (tank)
→ Mongolian: танк (tank)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: танк (tank)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тенк

Latin script: tenk

→ Sidamo: tanke

→ Slovak: tank

→ Slovene: tank

→ Swahili: tangi

→ Tajik: танк (tank), тонк (tonk)

→ Tamil: தாங்கி (tāṅki)

→ Tatar: танк (tank)

→ Thai: ถัง (tǎng)

→ Tokelauan: tane

→ Turkish: tank

→ Turkmen: tank

→ Ukrainian: танк (tank)

→ Upper Sorbian: tank

→ Urdu: ٹینک (ṭaink)

→ Uyghur: تانكا (tanka)

→ Uzbek: tank

→ Vietnamese: xe tăng, tăng

→ Walloon: tank

→ Welsh: tanc

→ Yakut: тааҥка (taañka)

→ Yiddish: טאַנק (tank)

From Portuguese tanque (“tank, liquid container”), from an Indo-Aryan language such as Gujarati ટાંકી (ṭā̃kī, “cistern”) or Marathi टांकी (ṭāṅkī). Compare the Arabic verb اِسْتَنْقَعَ (istanqaʕa, “to become stagnant, to stagnate”).
In the sense of armoured vehicle, first attested in 1915, prototypes were described as tanks for carrying water to disguise their nature as well as due to physical resemblance.

der

T-BACK COTTON TANK

1990 November 18, “Earl’s Reebok Sale for the Holidays”, in Granite City Press-Record Journal, volume 6, number 46, Granite City, Ill., →OCLC, page 8A:

It pleased her more than she could say to know she walked on her own land, over dewed grass, wearing a tank and cotton pajama pants.

2008, Nora Roberts, Tribute, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →ISBN, page 206:

I was wearing a tank and some cotton pants.

2022, Robyn Henderson-Espinoza, Body Becoming: A Path to Our Liberation, Minneapolis, Minn.: Broadleaf Books, 1517 Media, →ISBN:

On TikTok, #wifepleaser boasts more than 11.4 million views, while #wifepleasertank has racked up 13.9 million. […] Thanks to TikTok, there has been a mass adoption of the term “wife pleaser” in an attempt to rebrand the tank.

2023 August 9, Brooke Kato, “Gen Z loves the ‘wife beater’ tee — but they’re canceling the name”, in New York Post, New York, N.Y.: News Corp, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-10:


襪

(clothing) ankle-tied silk socks, worn by high nobles in formal court dress and priests.


lavatory

lavatories (plural)
lavat'ry (alternative)

From Middle English lavatorie, from Late Latin lavātōrium, from Latin lavāre (“to wash”) + -ium (forming places related to an activity). Doublet of lavatorium. As a place to pan gold, via Spanish lavadero. See also lave.

Their 'bathroom' included a toilet and a lavatory but no bath.

Lavatories (bathroom sinks) are available in a blizzard of colors, materials, and styles.

2005, Michael W. Litchfield, Renovation, page 325:

Anywhere a water closet is used, a lavatory (ie, hand-washing sink) must also be installed.

2011, Sharon Koomen Harmon et al., The Codes Guidebook for Interiors, page 288：:

A vessel or fixture for washing, particularly:

(construction, interior design) A plumbing fixture used for washing: a sink.


stud

(construction) A vertical post, especially one of the small uprights in the framing for lath and plaster partitions, and furring, and upon which the laths are nailed.


feather

en-verb

feather (third-person singular simple present feathers, present participle feathering, simple past and past participle feathered)

feathers (present singular third-person)
feathering (participle present)
feathered (participle past)
feathered (past)
fether (alternative archaic)

From Middle English feþer, from Old English feþer, from Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).
See also West Frisian fear, German Low German Fedder, Dutch veder, veer, German Feder, Yiddish פֿעדער (feder), Danish fjer, Swedish fjäder, Icelandic fjöður, Faroese fjøður, Norwegian Bokmål fjær, fjør, Norwegian Nynorsk fjør. Also Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai), Albanian shpend (“bird”), Latin penna, Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ).
The sense correlated with splines and keys (sense 4) probably reflects analogy with the fletching sense (sense 3).

inh

(carpentry, engineering) To finely shave or bevel an edge.

viistää

carpentry, engineering: to finely shave or bevel an edge


stein

stein m (definite singular steinen, indefinite plural steiner, definite plural steinene)

steinen (definite singular)
steiner (indefinite plural)
steinene (definite plural)
sten (alternative)

From Old Norse steinn, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

(geology, masonry) stone, rock (earthen substance)


釫

釫 釫 釫 (canonical)
흙손 오 (eumhun)
흙손 호 (eumhun)
흙손 어 (eumhun)


rd

(knitting, firearms) Abbreviation of round.


CC

en-noun

CC (countable and uncountable, plural CCs)

Change to larger needles and knit 1 rnd in CC, inc 3 (4, 5) sts evenly[…]

2011, Barb Brown, Knitting Knee-Highs: Sock Styles from Classic to Contemporary, page 55:

(knitting) Initialism of contrasting colour.


鎌

Kyūjitai Man'yōshū Shinjitai Sickle ja:鎌

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE. Possibly cognate with Chinese 鐮 /镰 (lián, “sickle”) (compare Old Chinese 鐮 (*ɡ·rem)).

鎌槍: a kind of polearm with a sickle-shaped blade

to get things sorted quickly and efficiently

to apply the sickle; compare English to glean

鎌を掛ける: → to get something out of a person without them being aware

(woodworking) short for 鎌継 (kamatsugi, “hammer-headed tenon”) (from the way the sickle blade sticks out perpendicular to the handle, similar to the sides of the hammer head on this kind of tenon)


radium

radium (countable and uncountable, plural radiums)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-radium.wav

Borrowed from French radium, from rad(ioactif) (“radioactive”) + -ium (suffix used to form the names of metallic elements).

suffix

City retailers are doing well with high-class radiums printed in bright greens, brilliant purples and strong yellows. Such are the high novelties.

1913 January 11, “[Dress Fabrics […]] Silks Moving Well: An Excellent Business Assured for the Coming Spring Season”, in Dry Goods Economist, volume 67, number 3575, New York, N.Y.: The Textile Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 33, column 1:

In printed silks for outer garments and linings there are crêpe de chines, silk and cotton crêpes, georgettes, radiums and mousselines de soie. [...] [O]n radiums; Japanese print designs, silhouetted with parasols or flowers and shrubs, treated in Japanese style, on dark grounds, are employed. There are also a number of futuristic figures printed on radiums.

1920 June, “Many Novelties in French Silks”, in C. R. Clifford, editor, The American Silk Journal, volume XXXIX, number 6, New York, N.Y.: Clifford & Lawton, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 57, column 2:

Radium satins will also be used extensively in the spring season.

1922 November 18, “[Silk Goods Markets] Printed Crepes to be Leader for Spring: Radium Satins and Taffetas Will also Show Their Vantage Points”, in Textile World, volume LXII, number 21, New York, N.Y.: Bragdon, Lord & Nagle Co., →OCLC, page 73 (page 2927 overall), column 3:

Radium, a term rather loosely applied to the bulk of domestic cloths of this class, includes goods of two fairly distinct types. [...] It is often tightly woven under high tension and so finished as to produce a highly lustrous appearance. But high luster is not essential, for many high-grade radiums are given a more or less dull finish. Of whatever finish, various cloths of this type are manufactured sometimes under the designation radium and sometimes under special copyrighted names.

1926, United States Tariff Commission, “Classification of Broad Silks—Character of Domestic Production”, in Broad-silk Manufacture and the Tariff, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, section I (Classification of Broad Silks), page 114:

(textiles, dated) A type of cloth woven from silk or synthetic yarn, often with a shiny appearance.


saor

head

saor m (genitive singular saoir, nominative plural saoir)

saoir (genitive singular)
saoir (nominative plural)
saor (indefinite nominative singular)
saoir (indefinite nominative plural)
a shaoir (indefinite singular vocative)
a shaora (indefinite plural vocative)
saoir (genitive indefinite singular)
saor (genitive indefinite plural)
saor (dative indefinite singular)
saoir (dative indefinite plural)
an saor (definite nominative singular)
na saoir (definite nominative plural)
an tsaoir (definite genitive singular)
na saor (definite genitive plural)
leis an saor (dative definite singular)
don saor (dative definite singular)
leis na saoir (dative definite plural)
saor
shaor
tsaor

From Middle Irish saer, from Old Irish sáer, from Proto-Celtic *saɸiros, from Proto-Indo-European *sapiros, from *sap- (“skill”). Cognate with Welsh saer (“carpenter; mason”).


Mo

From Middle Limburgish mou, from Proto-West Germanic *mauwu.


XL

(chiefly clothing) extra large (the manufactured size)


XL

en-noun

XL (countable and uncountable, plural XLs)

Size – L, and because of this it’s a bit small when you’re used to wearing XLs. The sleeves are particularly lilliputian

1996 December 7, Alex Lee, “Wouldn’t be seen dead in one!”, in Playstation Pro, number 1, Macclesfield: IDG Media, Central Station, page 15:

(chiefly clothing) Initialism of extra large (the manufactured size or an item of that size).


XL

Natalie V. Adams
First year university
Temper: Nerdy
Hair: XL

2006, “Scott Pilgrim & the Infinite Sadness”, in Scott Pilgrim, volume 3:

(chiefly clothing) Initialism of extra large (of the manufactured size).


sole

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.

(carpentry) sole, a piece of timber, a joist


sweat

en-verb

sweat (third-person singular simple present sweats, present participle sweating, simple past sweated or sweat, past participle sweated or (archaic) sweaten)

sweats (present singular third-person)
sweating (participle present)
sweated (past)
sweat (past)
sweated (participle past)
sweaten (archaic participle past)

From Middle English sweten, from Old English swǣtan, from Proto-Germanic *swaitijaną (“to sweat”). Compare Dutch zweten, German schwitzen, Danish svede. Doublet of shvitz.

(intransitive, plumbing) To solder (a pipe joint) together.


developer

(dyeing) A reagent used to produce an ingrain color by its action upon some substance on the fiber.


plane

From Middle English plane, plaine, from Anglo-Norman plaine, from Late Latin plāna (“planing tool”).

(countable, carpentry) A tool for smoothing wood by removing thin layers from the surface.


plane

plane (third-person singular simple present planes, present participle planing, simple past and past participle planed)

planes (present singular third-person)
planing (participle present)
planed (participle past)
planed (past)

(transitive, carpentry) To smooth (wood) with a plane.


monolith

monolith (third-person singular simple present monoliths, present participle monolithing, simple past and past participle monolithed)

monoliths (present singular third-person)
monolithing (participle present)
monolithed (participle past)
monolithed (past)

/ˈmɑn.əˌlɪθ/

The noun is borrowed from French monolithe (“object made from a single block of stone”), from Middle French monolythe (“made from a single block of stone”) (rare), and from their etymon Latin monolithus (“made from a single block of stone”), from Ancient Greek μονόλιθος (monólithos, “made from a single block of stone”), from μονο- (mono-, prefix meaning ‘alone; single’) (from μόνος (mónos, “alone; only, unique”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“little, small”)) + λίθος (líthos, “a stone; stone as a substance”); analysable as mono- + -lith. The English word is cognate with German monolith (“made from a single block of stone”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

cog

It should be noted that the parapets, also monolithing with the decking slab, contribute an important share to the effective resistance of the work.

1927, Ferro-concrete: The Monthly Review of Reinforced Concrete, volume 19, London: London & Norwich Press, →OCLC, page 58:

The main construction operations are the following: [...] 101,000 cu m of pre-fabricated concrete and 89,000 cu m for monolithing pre-fabricated structures.

1963, New Horizons: Topmost Dams of the World, Tokyo: Nihon Damu Kyōkai [Japan Dam Association], →OCLC, page 229, column 2:

The idea of joint action of carrying constructions for the seismic load by monolithing horizontal and vertical joints is [the] basis of designing frameless large panel buildings for earthquake resistance [...]

1965, Proceedings of the World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, volume 3, Berkeley, Calif.: University Extension, Department of Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 614:

Foundations were tied and monolithed, ductility was added to the structures [...] and specific measures were prescribed for each building, designed to prevent the entry of water into the ground; prohibiting wells, and channeling surface runoff.

2016, J. A. Martin-Caro, I. Paniagua, “Erbil Citadel Restoration: Some Thoughts on Earth-built Constructions Exposed to Seismic Action”, in C[arlos] A. Brebbia, editor, Sustainable Development (WIT Transactions on the Built Environment; 168), volume 1, Ashurst, Hampshire: WIT Press; Billerica, Mass.: Computational Mechanics International, →ISBN, →ISSN, section 9 (Architectural Heritage), page 588:

(transitive) To create (something) as, or convert (one or more things) into, a monolith.

(construction) To cast (one or more concrete components) in a single piece with no joints.


crash

Uncertain; perhaps compare Russian крашени́на (krašenína, “coarse linen”).

der

The yearly allowance of clothing on this plantation, consisted of two tow-linen shirts—such linen as the coarsest crash towels are made of[…]

1855, Frederick Douglass, chapter VI, in My Bondage and My Freedom. […], New York, Auburn, N.Y.: Miller, Orton & Mulligan […], →OCLC:

Unlocking the door of her bath-room she went inside, and soon emerged, bringing a rug, which she spread upon the floor of the gallery, and two huge hair pillows covered with crash, which she placed against the front of the building.


sash

(clothing) A piece of cloth designed to be worn around the waist.

(clothing) A decorative length of cloth worn over the shoulder to the opposite hip, often for ceremonial or other formal occasions.


side

en-verb

side (third-person singular simple present sides, present participle siding, simple past and past participle sided)

sides (present singular third-person)
siding (participle present)
sided (participle past)
sided (past)

From Middle English side, from Old English sīde (“side, flank”), from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ (“side, flank, edge, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēy- (“to send, throw, drop, sow, deposit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Siede (“side”), West Frisian side (“side”), Dutch zijde, zij (“side”), German Low German Sied (“side”), German Seite (“side”), Danish and Norwegian side (“side”), Swedish sida (“side”).
The LGBTQ slang sense was coined by sex therapist and author Joe Kort in 2010 and popularized in 2013. The sense was coined by analogy with top and bottom and based on the metaphor of a box which has a top, bottom, and sides.

coinage

(transitive, shipbuilding) To work (a timber or rib) to a certain thickness by trimming the sides.


belt

→ Afrikaans: belt

→ Assamese: বেল্ট (belto)

→ Bengali: বেল্ট (belṭo)

→ Dutch: belt

→ Hindi: बेल्ट (belṭ)

→ Irish: beilt

→ Japanese: ベルト (beruto)

→ Odia: ବେଲ୍ଟ୍ (belṭ)

→ Urdu: بیلٹ (belṭ)

→ Welsh: belt

From Middle English belt, from Old English belt (“belt, girdle”), from Proto-West Germanic *baltī̆, from Proto-Germanic *baltijaz (“girdle, belt”), from Latin balteus (“belt, sword-belt”), of Etruscan origin. Cognate with Scots belt (“belt”), Dutch belt, German Balz (“belt”), Danish bælte (“belt”), Swedish bälte (“belt, cincture, girdle, zone”) and Icelandic belti (“belt”).

cog

As part of the act, the fat clown's belt broke, causing his pants to fall down.

Master leathercrafter does handcrafted wallets, belts, purses, handbags etc., supporting self and helpers. Good enough to carve fantst art and portraits into leather.

1987 August 15, Robert Benitez, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 5, page 14:

(clothing) A band worn around the waist to hold clothing to one's body (usually pants), hold weapons (such as a gun or sword), or serve as a decorative piece of clothing.


discharge

en-verb

discharge (third-person singular simple present discharges, present participle discharging, simple past and past participle discharged)

discharges (present singular third-person)
discharging (participle present)
discharged (participle past)
discharged (past)

/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/

/ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/

/dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/

/ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/

-ɪstʃɑː(ɹ)dʒ

From Middle English dischargen, from Old French deschargier (“to unload”), from Late Latin discarricāre (“unload”). By surface analysis, dis- + charge.

to discharge the colour from a dyed fabric in order to form light figures on a dark background

(transitive, textiles) To bleach out or to remove or efface, as by a chemical process.


punch

Shortened form of puncheon, from Middle English punchoun, from Old French ponchon (“pointed tool”), from Latin punctio, from punctus, perfect passive participle of pungō (“I prick”).

خَرَّامَة

device for creating holes in thin material

(piledriving) An extension piece applied to the top of a pile; a dolly.


matrix

matrices (plural)
matrixes (plural)
matrice (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English matris, matrice, matrix, from Old French matrice (“pregnant animal”), or from Latin mātrīx (“dam, womb”), both ultimately from māter (“mother”). Doublet of mother from Indo-European ancestor.
Slang usage coined with the 1999 sci-fi action film The Matrix.

基質 /基质

analytical chemistry: sampling environment

(dyeing) The five simple colours (black, white, blue, red, and yellow) from which all the others are formed.


temple

Borrowed from Latin templum (“a small timber, a purlin”); compare templet and template.

bor

(weaving) A contrivance used in a loom for keeping the web stretched transversely.


Orleans

en-noun

Orleans (countable and uncountable, plural Orleans or Orleanses)

Orleans (plural)
Orleanses (plural)
Orléans (alternative)

/ˌɔɹ.leɪˈɑ̃/

/ˌɔɹ.liˈɑːn/

From French Orléans, ultimately from Latin Aurelianum, from the name of the Roman emperor Aurelian, who rebuilt the city. More at Aurelius.

(uncountable, textiles) A cloth made of worsted and cotton, used for making clothes.


cola

Inherited from Vulgar Latin coda, from Latin cauda, or from its diminutive caudula. Cognate to French queue and Italian coda.

(clothing) train (long back section of a gown)


pat

Work in pat to next underarm marker, sm, place next st on holder[…]

2012, Kari Cornell, Knitting Sweaters from around the World, page 52:


popcorn

popcorn (countable and uncountable, plural popcorns)

popcorns (plural)
pop-corn (alternative)
popped corn (alternative)

Georgian: პოპკორნი (ṗoṗḳorni)

German: Popcorn

desc

Greek: ποπ κορν (pop korn), ποπκόρν (popkórn)

Icelandic: poppkorn

Japanese: ポップコーン (poppukōn)

Korean: 팝콘 (papkon)

Norwegian:

Bokmål: popkorn

Nynorsk: popkorn

Polish: popcorn

Russian: попко́рн (popkórn)

Swedish: popcorn

Short for popped corn. By surface analysis, pop + corn.

From the top the sample shows four stitch popcorns, five stitch bobbles, two rows of bells and a central leaf with leaves sloping to the left and right each side.

2008, Claire Compton, Sue Whiting, The Knitting and Crochet Bible, page 45:

(knitting) A kind of stitch similar to a bobble.


popcorn

en-verb

popcorn (third-person singular simple present popcorns, present participle popcorning, simple past and past participle popcorned)

popcorns (present singular third-person)
popcorning (participle present)
popcorned (participle past)
popcorned (past)
pop-corn (alternative)
popped corn (alternative)

You've been cabling, twisting, popcorning and bobbling. See, we told you that they weren't so hard.

2008, Leisure Arts, I Can't Believe I'm Knitting Cables, page 9:

(knitting, rare) To use the popcorn stitch.


screed

From Middle English screde [and other forms], a variant of shrede (“fragment, scrap; strip of cloth; strip cut off from a larger piece; band or thread woven into fabric; element, streak”) (whence shred (noun)), from Old English sċrēad, sċrēade (“a piece cut off; paring, shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudō (“a piece, shred; a cut, crack”), from *skraudaną (“to cut up, shred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”). The English word is cognate with Old Frisian skrēd. Doublet of escrow, scroll, and shred.

der

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-screed.wav

ферман

piece of writing or speech, especially if long

When applied to large surfaces, strips or screeds of wood should be fixed to float from; and when the plain surface is formed, it is finished with the handfloat.

1833, James Gallier, “Of Oil Mastic”, in The American Builder’s General Price Book and Estimator, […], New York, N.Y.: […] [Minard] Lafever and [James] Gallier, […] Stanley & Co., […], →OCLC, page 42:

The term Screed, in plastering, is a stile formed of lime and hair, about seven or eight inches wide, gauged exactly true. In floated-work these screed are made at every three or four feet distance, vertically round a room, and are prepared perfectly straight by applying the straight-edge to them to make them so; and when all the screeds are formed, the parts between them are filled up flush with lime and hair, or stuff, and made even with the face of the screeds. The straight-edge is then worked horizontally upon the screeds, to take off all superfluous stuff.

1841, Minard Lafever, “Plastering”, in The Modern Builders’ Guide, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: William D. Smith, →OCLC, page 104:

The use of timber battens as screeds makes it easy to get the floating coat flat. Getting a blemish-free skim coat is more difficult.

1991, Robert Matthews, “Plastering”, in Practical House Building: A Manual for the Selfbuilder, Leicester, Leicestershire: Blackberry Books, published 1998, →ISBN, page 77, column 1:

(construction, masonry) Senses relating to building construction and masonry.

A tool, usually a long strip of wood or other material, placed on a floor to be covered with concrete, a wall to be plastered, etc., as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface.

майка

tool used as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface

The screeds and vibrator on the machine finisher are set to give the proper surface elevation and produce a dense concrete. In most cases, there should be a sufficiently thick layer of mortar ahead of the screed to insure that all low spots will be filled. The vibrator follows the front screed and the rear screed is last. The rear screed should be adjusted to carry enough grout ahead of it to insure continuous contact between screed and pavement.

1973, T. W. Love, “Finishing Concrete”, in Construction Manual: Concrete & Formwork, Carlsbag, Calif.: Craftsman Book Company, published 2001, →ISBN, page 129:

A tool such as a long strip of wood or other material which is drawn over a wet layer of concrete, plaster, etc., to make it smooth and flat; also, a machine that achieves this effect; a screeder.

kalis

tool drawn over a wet layer to make it smooth and flat; machine that achieves this effect

[T]wo workmen, provided with a tub of putty and a quantity of plaster of Paris, proceed to run the cornice. Before using the mould, they gauge a screed of putty and plaster upon the wall and ceiling, covering so much of each as will correspond with the top and bottom of the intended cornice. On this screed one or two slight deal straight-edges, adapted to as many notches or chases made in the mould for it to work upon, are nailed.

1830, John Nicholson, “Plastering”, in The Builder’s Practical Guide: Containing a Complete Explanation of the Principles of Science, as Applied to Every Branch of Building: […], London: […] Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, […], →OCLC, page 615:

A few early churches were floored with a screed of weak concrete, after the Roman fashion, the ingredients being lime mortar and crushed brick (opus signinum).

1998, Warwick Rodwell, “The Archaeology of Church and Cathedral Floors”, in Jane Fawcett, editor, Historic Floors: Their Care and Conservation (Butterworth-Heinemann Series in Conservation and Museology), paperback edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire, Woburn, Mass.: Butterworth-Heinemann, published 2001, →ISBN, section 2.1.1 (Materials and Laying Techniques), page 41, column 2:

Nowadays they [PVC tiles] are manufactured with a backing that is coated with an adhesive (peel and stick) so that they may be laid straight onto a slurry-finished granolithic screed.

1999, Chris de Jager, “Finishing”, in Building and Civil Technology N3, Cape Town, South Africa: Maskew Miller Longman, published 2007, →ISBN, section 10.1 (Floors), page 196:

A smooth, flat layer of concrete, plaster, or similar material, especially if acting as a base for paving stones, tiles, wooden planks, etc.


screed

en-verb

screed (third-person singular simple present screeds, present participle screeding, simple past and past participle screeded)

screeds (present singular third-person)
screeding (participle present)
screeded (participle past)
screeded (past)

From Middle English screde, Early Middle English screda, a variant of shreden, shrede (“to chop, cut up, hack; to cut to shape; to maim, wound; to prune, trim”) [and other forms] (whence shred (verb)), from Old English scrēadian (“to cut up, shred; to cut off, prune”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudaną (“to cut up, shred”), see further at etymology 1; later uses are derived from the noun screed.

inh

For this surfacing, the concrete is screeded and then covered with crushed red granite of 2- to 2½-in. size which is spread with shovels on the wet concrete, the quantity averaging about 55 lb. of stone per square yard.

1924 February 21, “Rebuilding a Section of Street Railway at Milwaukee”, in Frank C. Wright, editor, Engineering News-Record, volume 92, number 8, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 310:

Pouring of the slab was then started and, as the concrete was brought to full height it was screeded off to the proper level, employing screed guides which had been set previously to true elevation, with support on the slab reinforcing.

1939 July 15, “C.N.R. Build More Long-span Concrete Bridges”, in Samuel O. Dunn, editor, Railway Age, volume 107, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Simmons-Boardman Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 107, column 1:

To screed and finish street and airfield pavements, you need power screeds and finishers. [...] Figure 3-22 shows a power screed as it screeds concrete over 1/2-inch steel reinforcing.

1984, Peter J. Breed, “Constructing Concrete Pavements”, in Pavements Maintenance Specialist (AFSC 55150) (55150 02 7905; CDC 55150), volume 2 (Concrete Pavements), Gunter Air Force Station, Ala.: Extension Course Institute, Air University, →OCLC, page 37, column 2:

Immediately after shotcreting, the repair surfaces should be screeded to remove high areas and to expose low areas. Low areas should be filled with a subsequent spray to ensure a true flat surface. After screeding, the entire surface should be given a flashcoat finish, unless a finish coat is specified.

1993, Farzin Lackpour, “Concrete Superstructures”, in Parsons Brinckerhoff (company), edited by Louis G. Silano and Arnold C. Henderson, Bridge Inspection and Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide, New York, N.Y., Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 38, column 1:

Generally, a sufficiently thick layer of concrete should build up ahead of the screed to fill all low spots completely. The sequence of the operation is: screed, vibrate, then screed again.

1998, U.S. Department of the Army, “Construction Procedures”, in Concrete, Masonry, and Brickwork: A Practical Handbook for the Home Owner and Small Builder, Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, published 1999, →ISBN, paragraph 5-63, page 131:

Once a sufficient area of bricks has been removed, dry sand can be placed and screeded out before compacting, re-sanding and screeding to the correct level. The bricks are then re-laid and tapped into place to provide a seamless repair.

2006, Toby Buckland et al., “Outside”, in Ariana Klepac, editor, The House Book, Sydney, N.S.W., London: Murdoch Books, →ISBN, page 12:

(transitive, construction, masonry) To use a screed to produce a smooth, flat surface of concrete, plaster, or similar material; also (generally) to put down a layer of concrete, plaster, etc.

tasoittaa

to use a screed to produce a smooth, flat surface


tie

From Middle English teye (“cord, chain”), from Old English tēag, tēah (“cord, chain”), from Proto-West Germanic *taugu, from Proto-Germanic *taugō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-. Compare Danish tov, Icelandic taug.

Ties work to maintain structural integrity in windstorms and earthquakes.

(construction) A structural member firmly holding two pieces together.


radius

la-noun

radius m (genitive radiī or radī); second declension

radiī (genitive)
radī (genitive)
radius (nominative singular)
radiī (nominative plural)
radiī (genitive singular)
radī (genitive singular)
radiōrum (genitive plural)
radiō (dative singular)
radiīs (dative plural)
radium (accusative singular)
radiōs (accusative plural)
radiō (ablative singular)
radiīs (ablative plural)
radie (singular vocative)
radiī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: rreze

Aromanian: aradzã, radzã

Catalan: raig

→? Sardinian: raxu

Dalmatian: rus, ruaz

Old French: rai

French: rai

→ English: ray

Friulian: rai

Galician: raia, raio, raxo

Italian: raggio

Sicilian: raggiu (italianized, palatalized variant)

Mirandese: raio

Mozarabic: ראיה (rʔyh)

Occitan: rai

Portuguese: raia, raio

Romanian: rază

desc

Sardinian: (ar)raju, (ar)rag(g)iu, arràciu, ràdiu

Sicilian: raja

Spanish: raya, rayo, raza

→ Sardinian: razu m, raza f, rasu

Venetan: rajo

→ Welsh: rhaidd

Learned borrowings

→ Catalan: radi

→ Italian: radio

→ English: radius, radio-, radio

→ French: radius

→ Galician: radio

→ German: Radius

→ Portuguese: rádio

→ Romanian: radius

→ Russian: ра́диус (rádius)

→ Sicilian: ràdiu

→ Spanish: radio

Of uncertain origin. Some connect it with rādīx and rāmus. Tucker suggests Proto-Indo-European *neredʰ- (“extend forth, rise, outward”) akin to Sanskrit वर्धते (vardhate, “rise, grow”), or from Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “sharp point”). May ultimately be from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”).


nipple

nipples (plural)
neple (alternative obsolete)
nypil (alternative obsolete)
nyppell (alternative obsolete)
neapel (alternative obsolete)
neaple (alternative obsolete)
neble (alternative obsolete)

→ Dutch: nippel

→ German: Nippel

→ Danish: nippel

→ Norwegian: nippel

From earlier neple, nypil, neble, believed to be a diminutive of nib, neb (“tip, point”), equivalent to nib + -le. Compare Old English nypel (“elephant trunk”), formed analogously as "a protuberance from one's neb" .

(plumbing, chiefly US) A short tube threaded at both ends, used as a connector.


bont

bont (nominative singular)
bonty (nominative plural)
bontu (genitive singular)
bontów (genitive plural)
bontowi (dative singular)
bontom (dative plural)
bont (accusative singular)
bonty (accusative plural)
bontem (instrumental singular)
bontami (instrumental plural)
boncie (locative singular)
bontach (locative plural)
boncie (singular vocative)
bonty (plural vocative)

(Przemyśl, construction) synonym of belka


lathe

From Middle English lathe (“turning-lathe; stand”), from Old Norse hlað (“pile, heap”)—compare dialectal Danish lad (“stand, support frame”) (as in drejelad (“turning-lathe”), savelad (“saw bench”)), dialectal Norwegian la, lad (“pile, small wall”), dialectal Swedish lad (“folding table, lay of a loom”)—from hlaða (“to load”). More at lade.

inh

He shaped the bedpost by turning it on a lathe.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
Of the windows of the village there was one yet more often occupied; for on Sundays from morning to night, and every morning when the weather was bright, one could see at the dormer-window of the garret the profile of Monsieur Binet bending over his lathe, whose monotonous humming could be heard at the Lion d'Or.

(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.

مِخْرَطَة

(weaving) The movable swing frame of a loom, carrying the reed for separating the warp threads and beating up the weft.

ватал

swing frame on a loom — see also beater, batten


turn in

en-verb

turn in (third-person singular simple present turns in, present participle turning in, simple past and past participle turned in)

turns in (present singular third-person)
turning in (participle present)
turned in (participle past)
turned in (past)

(weaving) To reverse the ends of threads and insert them back into the piece being woven so they do not protrude and eventually unravel.


check

By shortening from chequer, from Old French eschequier (“chessboard”), from Medieval Latin scaccarium, ultimately from the same Persian root as above.

The tablecloth had red and white checks.

One of her female followers, had made a very elegant piece of check. The Friend, being at her house, on a visit, the lady shewed the check to her, and as evidence of devotion to her leader, proposed presenting her with a pattern off the piece for her own use.

1819, Charles Mowry, in the Downington Pennsylvania American Republican, quoted in Herbery Wisbey, Pioneer Prophetess: Jemima Wilkinson, the Publick Universal Friend

(textiles, usually pluralized) A pattern made up of a grid of squares of alternating colors; a checkered pattern.


feed dog

(sewing) On a sewing machine, the toothed mechanism that uses a forward, down, back, and up motion against the presser foot to advance the fabric through the machine evenly.


knockoff

knockoffs (plural)
knock-off (alternative)
knock off (alternative)

(knitting) A device in a knitting machine to remove loops from the needles.


borrow

en-noun

borrow (countable and uncountable, plural borrows)

From Middle English borwen, borȝien, Old English borgian (“to borrow, lend, pledge surety for”), from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną (“to pledge, take care of”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care”).
Cognate with Dutch borgen (“to borrow, trust”), German borgen (“to borrow, lend”), Danish borge (“to vouch”). Related to Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at bury.

cog

As previously indicated, slurry used for construction of the slurry cutoff trench at Beaver Creek Dam was produced with natural clays and clay tills from local borrows.

1979, The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin:

(construction, civil engineering) A borrow pit.


aggregate

en-noun

aggregate (countable and uncountable, plural aggregates)

From Middle English aggregat(e) (“a sum, unit, complex, aggregate”), borrowed from New Latin aggregātum (“an aggregate”), substantivized from the nominative neuter singular of aggregātus, the perfect passive participle of aggregō (“to flock together”), from ad- (“at, to, toward”)) + gregō (“to flock or group”), from grex (“flock”, greg- in compounds) + -ō (verb-forming suffix). See also egregious and gregarious.

inh

/ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.ɡət/

(roofing) Crushed stone, crushed slag or water-worn gravel used for surfacing a built-up roof system.


loft

en-noun

loft (countable and uncountable, plural lofts)

From Middle English lofte (“air, sky, upper region, loft”), from Old English loft, (doublet of native Old English lyft) of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse lopt (“upper chamber, attic, region of sky, air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“air, sky”).
Akin to Scots lift (“air; sky; firmament”), Dutch lucht (“air”), German Luft (“air”), Old English lyft (“air”). Doublet of lift and luft. Related to aloft.

der

maximum loft

(textiles, countable, uncountable) The thickness of a soft object when not under pressure.

korkeus

the thickness of a soft object when not under pressure


horn

en-noun

horn (countable and uncountable, plural horns)

From Middle English horn, horne, from Old English horn, from Proto-West Germanic *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną. Compare West Frisian hoarn, Dutch hoorn, Low German Hoorn, horn, German Horn, Danish and Swedish horn, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽 (haurn).
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-nó-m, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Compare Breton kern (“horn”), Latin cornū, Ancient Greek κέρας (kéras), Proto-Slavic *sьrna, Old Church Slavonic сьрна (sĭrna, “roedeer”), Hittite [script needed] (surna, “horn”), Persian سر (sar), Sanskrit शृङ्ग (śṛṅga, “horn”). Doublet of corn (“callus”), corno, and cornu.
(telephone): From the horn-shaped earpieces of old communication systems that used air tubes.

doublet

An object whose shape resembles a horn, such as cornucopia or the point of an anvil.

(carpentry) A curved projection on the fore part of a plane.


against the grain

/əˈɡɛnst ðə ɡɹeɪn/

(woodworking, of sanding or planing a piece of wood) Preventing a smooth, level surface from being formed by raising the nap of the wood or causing larger splinters to form ahead of the cutting tool below the cutting surface.


fair

en-adj

fair (comparative fairer, superlative fairest)

fairer (comparative)
fairest (superlative)

→ German: fair

→ Hebrew: פייר

→ Macedonian: фер (fer)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фер

Latin script: fer

From Middle English fayr, feir, fager, from Old English fæġer (“beautiful”), from Proto-West Germanic *fagr, from Proto-Germanic *fagraz (“suitable, fitting, nice”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to fasten, place”).
Cognate with Scots fayr, fare (“fair”), Danish feir, faver, fager (“fair, pretty”), Norwegian fager (“fair, pretty”), Swedish fager (“fair, pretty”), Icelandic fagur (“beautiful, fair”), Umbrian pacer (“gracious, merciful, kind”), Slovak pekný (“good-looking, handsome, nice”). See also peace.

cog

(shipbuilding) Without sudden change of direction or curvature; smooth; flowing; said of the figure of a vessel, and of surfaces, water lines, and other lines.


beret

berets (plural)
béret (alternative)
berret (alternative archaic)

Borrowed from French béret, from Occitan (Gascon) berret (“cap”), from Old Occitan berret, from Medieval Latin birretum, from Late Latin birrus (“large hooded cloak”), from Gaulish birrus (“short cloak”), from Proto-Celtic *birros (“short”) (compare Welsh byr, Middle Irish berr). Compare biretta.

der

(clothing) A type of round, brimless cap with a soft top and a headband to secure it to the head; usually culturally associated with France.


template

Alteration of templet, probably from French templet, diminutive of temple (“a weaver's stretcher”), variant of tempe, from Latin tempora (“temple”). Alteration of second syllable due to analogy with plate. Cognate with Faroese tamba (“to stretch out, relax”), Icelandic þamb (“a stretched, bloated, or extended belly”).

cog

The template length is adjusted to the proper fabric width. Then the sharp pins in the template ends are hooked into the selvedge edges (with the template open).

1987, Paula Simmons, Spinning and weaving with wool, published 1977, →ISBN, page 180:


steel

en-noun

steel (countable and uncountable, plural steels)

steels (plural)
steele (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English stele, stel, from Old English stīele, from Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“something made of steel”), enlargement of *stahl (“steel”), from Proto-Germanic *stahlą, from *stah- or *stag- (“to be firm, rigid”), from Proto-Indo-European *stak- (“to stay, to be firm”). Compare Scots stele, Yola stehli.

der

I haue a ruffe is a quarter deep, measured by the yeard... You haue a pretty set too, how big is the steele you set with?

1608, G. Markham et al., Dumbe Knight, section I:

I suppose the bullet must have struck the steels in my corsets.

(countable) Any item made of this metal, particularly including:

(sewing) Pieces used to strengthen, support, or expand an item of clothing.

The threaded steel...Flies swiftly.

(sewing, dialectal) A sewing needle; a knitting needle; a sharp metal stylus.

A trailing skirt embroidered in what is termed fine steel.

(sewing) A fringe of beads or decoration of this metal.


process

→ Japanese: プロセス (purosesu)

From Middle English proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin prōcessus (“course, progression”), nominalization of prōcēdō (“proceed, advance”).

1960, Mack Tyner, Process Engineering Calculations: Material and Energy Balances – Ordinarily a process plant will use a steam boiler to supply its process heat requirements and to drive a steam-turbine generator.

1987, J. R. Richards, Principles of control system design in Modelling and control of fermentation processes – The words plant or process infer generally any dynamic system, be it primarily mechanical, electrical, or chemical process in nature, and may extend also to include social or economic systems.

(manufacturing) The set of procedures used in the manufacture of a product, especially in the food and chemical industries.


course

→ Gulf Arabic: كورس (kōrs)

From Middle English cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus (“course of a race”), from currō (“run”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of cursus and cour.

polku

path that something or someone moves along

the course of true love never did run smooth

On a building that size, two crews could only lay two courses in a day.

A row or file of objects.
(masonry) A row of bricks or blocks.

A row or file of objects.
A row of bricks or blocks.

(roofing) A row of material that forms the roofing, waterproofing or flashing system.

kerros

roofing: row of material that forms the roofing

(textiles) In weft knitting, a single row of loops connecting the loops of the preceding and following rows.

kerros

textiles: in weft knitting, a single row of loops


wort

en-noun

wort (countable and uncountable, plural worts)

From Middle English wort, worte (“infusion of grain (probably malted barley) for brewing ale or beer; unfermented or incompletely fermented beer; infusion of honey and water for making mead; unfermented decoction or infusion of other substances used for food or medicine”) [and other forms], from Old English wurt, wyrt, wyrte (“wort in brewing”), from a merger of Proto-West Germanic *wurtiju (“wort in brewing; seasoning, spice”) and *wurti (“root; spice”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrōts (“a root”): see further at etymology 1.
Cognates
* Dutch wort (“wort in brewing”)
* Middle Low German wert, werte (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”)
* Old High German wirz (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”) (Middle High German wirz, modern German Wirz (“juice; sweet liquid; unfermented beer”) (obsolete); see also German Würze (“aroma; seasoning, spice; spiciness”))
* Old Norse virtr (Danish urt (“wort in brewing”), Icelandic virt, virtur, Norwegian vørter, Swedish vört)

nb...

wirt, woort, worth, worthe, wortte, wourt, wrt, wurt, wurte

cog

Nay then tvvo treyes, an if you grovv ſo nice, / Methegline, VVort, and Malmſey; […]

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 138, column 2:

VVhen they make drink vvith them, they take 10 or 12 ripe Plantains and maſh them vvell in a Trough: then they put tvvo gallons of VVater among them; and this in tvvo hours time vvill ferment and froth like VVort: In four hours it is fit to drink; and then they bottle it and drink it as they have occaſion: […]

1697, William Dampier, chapter XI, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […], →OCLC, page 314:

Making the wort with nothing but barley malt and hot water is the standard method in Germany, and in many U.S. microbreweries.

2004, Harold McGee, “Wine, Beer, and Distilled Spirits”, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, revised edition, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 747:

They discovered what are called "wild" or "spontaneously fermented" beers, in which fermentation is induced not by pitching commercially produced yeast into an enclosed tank, but by letting the wild yeasts floating in the air interact with the wort to turn it into alcohol.

2017, Jon C. Stott, “The Birds and the Yeasts in Tillamook”, in Beer 101 North: Craft Breweries and Brewpubs of the Washington and Oregon Coasts, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN, page 110:

(brewing, distilling) Also worts: a liquid extracted from mash (ground malt or some other grain soaked in hot water), which is then fermented to make beer, or fermented and distilled to make a malt liquor such as whisky.


log

log m (definite singular logen, indefinite plural logar, definite plural logane)

logen (definite singular)
logar (indefinite plural)
logane (definite plural)
Log (alternative)

From Old Norse lǫgr (“lake, liquid”), from Proto-Germanic *laguz, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“pond, pool”). Cognates include Latin lacus and Scottish Gaelic loch.

inh

a fluid used in the boiling of plant material

(brewing) hot water poured over the malt during the brewing process


couch

→ German: Couch

→ Serbo-Croatian: кауч /kauč

From Middle English couche, cowche, from Old French couche, from the verb (see below). Doublet of cwtch.

a couch of malt

MALTING IN MUNICH. The barley is steeped till the acrospire, in embryo, or seed germ, seems to be quickened; […] As long however as the seed-gum sticks to the husk, it has not been steeped enough for exposure to the underground malt-floor: nor can deficient steeping be safely made up for afterwards by sprinkling the malt couch with a watering can, which is apt to render the malting irregular. […] It [the barley] is now taken out and laid on the couch floor, in a square heap, eight to ten inches high, and it is turned over morning and evening with dexterity, so as to throw the middle portion upon the top and bottom of the new made couch.

1849, William Ford, “Malting”, in An Historical Account of the Malt Trade and Laws, Shewing the Decline, and Causes of the Decline in the Consumption of Malt; with a Practical Treatise on Malting and Brewing, Deduced from Thirty Years Experience, London: Published by the author, 10, West Square, St. George's, Southwark, and 5, Talbot Court, Gracechurch Street, →OCLC, pages 125–126:

(brewing) A mass of steeped barley spread upon a floor to germinate, in malting; or the floor occupied by the barley.


couch

en-verb

couch (third-person singular simple present couches, present participle couching, simple past and past participle couched)

couches (present singular third-person)
couching (participle present)
couched (participle past)
couched (past)
cowch (alternative)
cowch (alternative)

From Middle English couchen, from Old French (se) couchier, (se) colchier (“go to bed, lay down”), from Latin collocāre (“set in place”), from com- (“together, with”) + locāre. Doublet of collocate.

These curtains we couched in white cord with quaint designs.

1890, “A combination dining and sitting room”, in The Home-maker: An Illustrated Monthly Magazine, volume 3, New York, N.Y.: Home-maker Co., →OCLC, page 326:

(sewing, transitive) To attach a thread onto fabric with small stitches in order to add texture.


buyer

(manufacturing) A person who purchases items consumed or used as components in the manufacture of products.


medium

en-noun

medium (countable and uncountable, plural mediums)

Borrowed from Latin medium, neuter of medius (“middle”), from Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Compare middle. Doublet of mid, medio, media, and meson.

(uncountable, especially clothing, food or drink) One of several common sizes to which an item may be manufactured.

(countable, especially clothing, food or drink) An item labelled or denoted as being that size.


medium

(especially clothing, food or drink) That is medium (the manufactured size).


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, Patronus, and patroon.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

(textiles) The paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling.

ülgü

the paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out


table

en-verb

table (third-person singular simple present tables, present participle tabling, simple past and past participle tabled)

tables (present singular third-person)
tabling (participle present)
tabled (participle past)
tabled (past)
tyebble (alternative Geordie)

Inherited from Middle English table, tabel, tabil, tabul, from Old English tabele, tabul, tablu, tabule, tabula (“board”); also as tæfl, tæfel, an early Germanic borrowing of Latin tabula (“tablet, board, plank, chart”). The sense of “piece of furniture” is from Old French table, of same Latin origin; Old English used bēod or bord instead for this meaning: see board. Doublet of tabula and tavla.

der

(carpentry, obsolete) To join (pieces of timber) together using coaks.


tram

From Spanish trama, or French trame (“weft”). Doublet of trama.

The two types of silk of greatest interest to the hand weaver are known as Organzine and Tram. Organzine is a warp silk and is made from two or more single threads twisted together in the opposite direction from the original twist. Tram is a weft silk and it is made from two or more singles lightly twisted together.

1951, F[rederick] J[ohn] Christopher, “Materials and Quantities”, in Hand-loom Weaving, London: Frederick Muller, →OCLC:

Analysis of the seventeenth-century damask revealed that both its warp and weft were silk filaments; the organzine warp was dyed a dark blue and the tram silk of the weft was a somewhat lighter blue.

2011, Nancy C. Britton, “Reconciling Conservation and Interpretation: Strategies for Long-term Display of a Late Seventeenth-century Bed”, in Kathryn Gill, Dinah Eastop, editors, Upholstery Conservation: Principles and Practice, Abingdon, Oxon., New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 64, column 2:

(weaving) A silk thread formed of two or more threads twisted together, used especially for the weft, or cross threads, of the best quality of velvets and silk goods.


tram

en-verb

tram (third-person singular simple present trams, present participle tramming, simple past and past participle trammed)

trams (present singular third-person)
tramming (participle present)
trammed (participle past)
trammed (past)


tram

tram (nominative singular)
tramy (nominative plural)
tramu (genitive singular)
tramów (genitive plural)
tramowi (dative singular)
tramom (dative plural)
tram (accusative singular)
tramy (accusative plural)
tramem (instrumental singular)
tramami (instrumental plural)
tramie (locative singular)
tramach (locative plural)
tramie (singular vocative)
tramy (plural vocative)

(construction) balk, crossbeam, tie beam


dress

en-noun

dress (countable and uncountable, plural dresses)

→ Japanese: ドレス (doresu)

→ Korean: 드레스 (deureseu)

→ Norwegian: dress

→ Pennsylvania German: Dress

→ Scottish Gaelic: dreasa

PIE word
 *dwís
The verb is from Middle English dressen, dresse (“to arrange, put in order”), from Anglo-Norman, Old French dresser, drecier (modern French dresser), from Late Latin *directiare (“to guide, direct”). Doublet of direct.
The noun is derived from the verb.

der

Amy and Mary looked very pretty in their dresses.

She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Dangerous Lady”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 36:

(clothing) An item of clothing (usually worn by a woman or young girl) which both covers the upper part of the body and includes a skirt below the waist.

ahi

item of clothing which both covers the upper part of the body and includes a skirt below the waist


dress

dress m (definite singular dressen, indefinite plural dresser, definite plural dressene)

dressen (definite singular)
dresser (indefinite plural)
dressene (definite plural)

From English dress, from Middle English dressen, from Old French dresser, drescer, drecier (“to erect, set up, arrange, dress”), from either Medieval Latin dīrēctiō (“direction, aiming, correction”) or Vulgar Latin dirēctiāre, from Latin dīrectus (“straight, direct, directed”), from Proto-Italic *dwizrektos, perfect passive participle of dīrigō (“straighten, direct”), from Proto-Italic *dwizregō, from both dis- (“asunder, in pieces, apart, in two”), from Proto-Italic *dwis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly, in two”) + regō (“I make straight, rule”), from Proto-Italic *regō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti (“to straighten; right”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, to right oneself, just”).

(clothing) a suit (either formal wear, or leisure or sports wear)


dress

dress m (definite singular dressen, indefinite plural dressar, definite plural dressane)

dressen (definite singular)
dressar (indefinite plural)
dressane (definite plural)


top

en-verb

top (third-person singular simple present tops, present participle topping, simple past and past participle topped)

tops (present singular third-person)
topping (participle present)
topped (participle past)
topped (past)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

cog

to top aniline black with methyl violet to prevent greening


rad

(automotive, plumbing, slang) Abbreviation of radiator.


haze

en-noun

haze (usually uncountable, plural hazes)

* The earliest instances are of the latter part of the 17th century.
* Possibly back-formation from hazy.
* Compare Old Norse höss (“grey”), akin to Old English hasu (“gray”).

мътност

loss of transparency in a clear solid or liquid

Various clarifying and fining agents are used in winemaking to remove hazes.

1985, Philip Jackisch, Modern Winemaking, →ISBN, page 69:

(countable, brewing) Any substance causing turbidity in beer or wine.


bead

en-verb

bead (third-person singular simple present beads, present participle beading, simple past and past participle beaded)

beads (present singular third-person)
beading (participle present)
beaded (participle past)
beaded (past)

From Middle English bede (“a prayer”), also “a bead for counting prayers” in a peire of bedes (literally “a pair of beads”), from Old English bedu, bed, ġebed (“a request, entreaty, prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *bedu, *bed, *gabed, from Proto-Germanic *bedō, *bedą.
Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.

(woodworking)
(intransitive) To form into a bead.

The raindrops beaded on the car's waxed finish.


fuga

fúga (canonical feminine)
фу́га (Cyrillic)
fúga (nominative singular)
fúgē (genitive singular)
fúgi (dative singular)
fúgu (accusative singular)
fȗgo (singular vocative)
fúgi (locative singular)
fúgōm (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from German Fuge (same meaning), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, attach”).

(construction, singular only) the filling between bricks/tiles


carrier

From Middle English cariere, partly from carien + -ere, after Anglo-Norman carier, cariour, and partly directly from Anglo-Norman. By surface analysis, carry + -er.

но́сьбіт

person or object that carries someone or something else

Linseed oil is often used as the carrier for pigment in oil painting.

inert carrier gas

(art, manufacturing) A liquid or gas used as a medium for another substance.


mode

From Old French mode (masculine), from Latin modus (“measure, due measure, rhythm, melody”). Doublet of modus.

tila

mathematics, physics: state of a system represented by an eigenfunction of that system

(textiles) In lace-making, a small decorative piece inserted into a pattern.

(textiles) The openwork between the solid parts of a pattern.

(obsolete) A woman's mantle with a hood.


scale

en-verb

scale (third-person singular simple present scales, present participle scaling, simple past and past participle scaled)

scales (present singular third-person)
scaling (participle present)
scaled (participle past)
scaled (past)

From Middle English scale, from Latin scāla, usually in plural scālae (“a flight of steps, stairs, staircase, ladder”), for *skand-slā, from scandō (“I climb”); see scan, ascend, descend, etc. Doublet of scala.

Every single print that goes out our door has a warning in its title block telling the world, "Do not scale this drawing."

(manufacturing, transitive) To take measurements from (an engineering drawing), treating them as (or as if) reliable dimensional instructions. This practice often works but can produce latently incorrect results and is thus usually deprecated.


spirit

en-noun

spirit (countable and uncountable, plural spirits)

spirits (plural)
spir't (alternative Early Modern)

From Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Compare inspire, respire, transpire, all ultimately from Latin spīrō (“I breathe, blow, respire”). In this sense, displaced native Middle English gast (from Old English gāst), whence modern English ghost. Doublet of spiritus, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit.

doublet

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak


wipe

en-verb

wipe (third-person singular simple present wipes, present participle wiping, simple past and past participle wiped)

wipes (present singular third-person)
wiping (participle present)
wiped (participle past)
wiped (past)

From Middle English wipen, from Old English wīpian (“to wipe, rub, cleanse”), from Proto-West Germanic *wīpōn (“to wipe”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to twist, wind around”). Cognate with German wippen (“to bob”), Swedish veva (“to turn, wind, crank”), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (weipan, “to wreathe, crown”), Old English swīfan (“to revolve, sweep, wend, intervene”), Sanskrit वेपते (vépate, “to tremble”). More at swivel, swift.

cog

(transitive, plumbing) To make (a joint, as between pieces of lead pipe), by surrounding the junction with a mass of solder, applied in a plastic condition by means of a rag with which the solder is shaped by rubbing.


token

From Middle English token, taken, from Old English tācn (“sign”), from Proto-West Germanic *taikn, from Proto-Germanic *taikną, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, teach”) with Germanic *k rather than *h by Kluge's law. The verb is from Middle English toknen, from Old English tācnian. Cognate with German Zeichen, Dutch teken and Danish tegn.

der

that and a token will get you on the subway

(weaving) In a loom, a colored signal to show the weaver which shuttle to use.


diagonal

diagonal (nominative singular)
diagonale (nominative plural)
diagonalu (genitive singular)
diagonali (genitive plural)
diagonalów (genitive plural)
diagonalowi (dative singular)
diagonalom (dative plural)
diagonal (accusative singular)
diagonale (accusative plural)
diagonalem (instrumental singular)
diagonalami (instrumental plural)
diagonalu (locative singular)
diagonalach (locative plural)
diagonalu (singular vocative)
diagonale (plural vocative)
djagonal (alternative)


som

From Dutch zoom (“hem; edge, border”), from Middle Dutch sôom, from Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

(sewing, colloquial) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)


manu

In the sense of a manufacturer; clipping of 'manufacturer'

2022 May 13, Le Spirit Designs, “Breaking Up with my Pin Manu?? How to Find Manufacturers on Alibaba”, in Youtube:

But I'm having trouble tracking down a manu using that term.

2023 November 11, Keishu13, “What is this type of pin called?”, in Reddit:

Currently waiting on just one more of the Final Fantasy Tarot Card enamel pins to finish, so my manu sent me this clip as a preview!

2024 June 1, Sano Eli ✧ prismono.com🪻 (@prismonoart), Twitter:


escape

en-noun

escape (countable and uncountable, plural escapes)

From Middle English escapen, from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French escaper ( = Old French eschaper, modern French échapper), from Vulgar Latin *excappāre (“to escape a garment, get out of one's clothing”, literally “to free oneself from one's cape”), from Latin ex- (“out”) + Late Latin cappa (“cape, cloak”). Cognate with escapade. Also doublet of scape.

der

(manufacturing) A defective product that is allowed to leave a manufacturing facility.


grunt

pl-noun

grunt m inan (diminutive gruncik, related adjective gruntowy)

gruncik (diminutive)
gruntowy (adjective)
grunt (nominative singular)
grunty (nominative plural)
grunta (nominative plural)
gruntu (genitive singular)
gruntów (genitive plural)
gruntowi (dative singular)
gruntom (dative plural)
grunt (accusative singular)
grunty (accusative plural)
grunta (accusative plural)
gruntem (instrumental singular)
gruntami (instrumental plural)
gruncie (locative singular)
gruntach (locative plural)
gruncie (singular vocative)
grunty (plural vocative)
grunta (plural vocative)
gront (alternative Middle Polish)
grąt (alternative Middle Polish)
gruńt (alternative)
grońt (alternative)

→ Kashubian: gruńt, grëńt

(uncountable, masonry) mortar; primer (substance that binds strongly to the substrate, used as a base for painting, plastering and polishing)


fio

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fio, from Latin fīlum. Compare Galician fío and Spanish filo, hilo.


rip

en-verb

rip (third-person singular simple present rips, present participle ripping, simple past and past participle ripped)

rips (present singular third-person)
ripping (participle present)
ripped (participle past)
ripped (past)

From Middle English rippen, from earlier ryppen (“to pluck”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rupjaną, *ruppōną (compare West Frisian rippe, ripje, roppe, ropje (“to rip”), Dutch dialectal rippen, Low German ruppen, German Low German röpen, German rupfen), intensive of *raupijaną (compare Old English rīpan, rīepan (“to plunder”), West Frisian rippe (“to rip, tear”), German raufen (“to rip”)), causative of Proto-Indo-European *roub- ~ *reub- (compare Albanian rrabe ‘maquis’, possibly Latin rubus (“bramble”)), variant of *Hrewp- (“to break”). More at reave, rob.

(woodworking) To cut wood along (parallel to) the grain.

halkaista

woodworking: to cut wood along the grain


torch

torch (third-person singular simple present torches, present participle torching, simple past and past participle torched)

torches (present singular third-person)
torching (participle present)
torched (participle past)
torched (past)

Borrowed from French torcher (“to daub; to wipe; to build or plaster with clay mixed with chopped straw”), from torche (“bundle of (twisted) straw; torch”) (see further at etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming the infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

bor

(transitive, masonry, archaic or historical) To point (“fill up and bring to a smooth finish”) (inside joints of slates laid on laths) using lime hair mortar.

to point (inside joints of slates laid on laths) using lime hair mortar

rapata hiuksilla vahvistetulla kalkkilaastilla


large

en-adj

large (comparative larger, superlative largest)

larger (comparative)
largest (superlative)

From Middle English large, from Old French large, from Latin larga, feminine of largus (“abundant, plentiful, copious, large, much”), of uncertain ultimate origin; see there for more. Mostly displaced Middle English stoor, stour (“large, great”) (from Old English stōr), and muchel (“large, great”) (from Old English myċel), which has survived under a different meaning as much .

cog

(especially clothing, food or drink) That is large (the manufactured size).


large

en-noun

large (countable and uncountable, plural larges)

(uncountable, especially clothing, food or drink) One of several common sizes to which an item may be manufactured.

One small coffee and two larges, please.

(countable, especially clothing, food or drink) An item labelled or denoted as being that size.


strap

strap (countable and uncountable, plural straps)

straps (plural)
strop (alternative)
strope (alternative)

→ Japanese: ストラップ (sutorappu)

From a variant of earlier strope (“loop on a harness”), from Middle English strope, stroppe, from Late Old English strop, stropp (“a band, thong, strap; oar-thong”) and Old French estrope (“strap, loop on a harness”), both from Latin stroppus, struppus (“strap”), from Ancient Greek στρόφος (stróphos, “rope”) (compare strophe), from στρέφω (stréphō, “to twist”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *strebʰ- (compare Proto-West Germanic *stroppōn (“to twist, writhe”)). Cognate with Scots strap, strop (“strap, band, thong”), Dutch strop (“noose, strop, loop”), Low German Strop (“strap”), German Struppe, Strüppe, Strippe (“string, cord”), Danish strop (“strap”), Swedish stropp (“strap, loop”).

lak

a long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like

kawerapa

part of a bag that goes over the shoulder

ивица

a narrow strip of anything, as of iron or brass

A narrow strip of anything, as of iron or brass.

(carpentry, machinery) A band, plate, or loop of metal for clasping and holding timbers or parts of a machine.

sinkilä

carpentry: a band, plate, or loop of metal for clasping and holding timbers or parts of a machine.


drop

From Late Middle English droppe, Middle English drope (“small quantity of liquid; small or least amount of something; pendant jewel; dripping of a liquid; a shower; nasal flow, catarrh; speck, spot; blemish; disease causing spots on the skin”) [and other forms], from Old English dropa (“a drop”), from Proto-West Germanic *dropō (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewb- (“to crumble, grind”).

nb...

dropan, droupe, (Northern England) droipe

afval

small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension

piisk

very small quantity of liquid, or of anything

piisk

that which hangs or resembles a liquid globule

afgrond

distance through which something drops, or falls below a certain level

A decline in degree, quality, quantity, or rate.

Of men's clothes: the difference between the chest circumference and waist circumference.

Of women's clothes: the difference between the bust circumference and hip circumference.


tee

* From Middle English [Term?], from Old English te, from Latin te (the name of the letter T).
* (computing): By analogy with a T-shaped pipe that sends fluids in two directions.

Brendan pulled a black pocket tee over his head.


massa

From Old Galician-Portuguese massa, from Latin massa (“mass; dough”), from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “bread”), from μάσσω (mássō, “to handle; to knead”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-.

(construction) mortar (mixture for bonding bricks)


uni

(of clothes, fabrics, chiefly predicative) unicolour, single-colour


hat

Sranan Tongo: ati

From Middle English hat, from Old English hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). Cognate with North Frisian hat (“hat”), Danish hat (“hat”), Swedish hatt (“hat”), Icelandic hattur (“hat”), Finnish hattu (“hat”), Latin cassis (“helmet”), Lithuanian kudas (“bird's crest or tuft”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀 (xaoda, “hat”), Persian خود (xud, “helmet”), Welsh cadw (“to provide for, ensure”). Compare also hood.

cog

There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.

1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0091:

Denzel walks. Will Smith walks. Mark Wahlberg is wearing a hat!

2009, “Cool Guys Don’t Look at Explosions”performed by Andy Samberg, Will Ferrell, and J. J. Abrams:

(clothing) A covering for the head, often in the approximate form of a cone, dome or cylinder closed at its top end, and sometimes having a brim and other decoration.


punto

puntos (plural)
puntillo (diminutive)
puntito (diminutive)
puento (alternative dialectal)

→ Tagalog: punto

Inherited from Latin pūnctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Cognate with Galician punto, Portuguese ponto, and Catalan punt.

hasta cierto punto

to a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree

(sewing) stitch (a single pass of a needle in sewing or surgery suture)


T-shirt

T-shirts (plural)
t-shirt (alternative)
tee shirt (alternative)
tee-shirt (alternative)
teeshirt (alternative)

→ Cantonese: T恤 (ti¹ seot¹)

→ Danish: T-shirt

→ Dutch: T-shirt

→ German: T-shirt

→ Gulf Arabic: تيشيرت (tīšērt)

→ Japanese: Tシャツ (tī-shatsu)

→ Korean: 티셔츠 (tisyeocheu)

→ Mandarin: T恤 (tì xù)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: T-shirt

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: T-skjorte, T-trøye (calque)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: T-skjorte (calque)

→ Swedish: T-shirt

→ Swedish: T-tröja (calque)

→ Turkish: tişört

been there, done that, bought the T-shirt

Many bands make more money from T-shirt sales than from sale of tickets.

Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

2013 August 3, “Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

(clothing) A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


bottom

en-noun

bottom (countable and uncountable, plural bottoms)

bottoms (plural)
botton (alternative dialectal)

→ Dutch: bottom

→ French: bottom

→ Portuguese: bottom

PIE word
 *bʰudʰmḗn
From Middle English botme, botom, from Old English botm, bodan (“bottom, foundation; ground, abyss”), from Proto-West Germanic *butm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz, *budmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Cognate with Dutch bodem, German Boden, Icelandic botn, Danish bund; also Irish bonn (“sole (of foot)”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom of a cup or jar”), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna, “bottom”), Persian بن (bon, “bottom”), Latin fundus (“bottom”) (whence fund, via French).
The sense “posterior of a person” is first attested in 1794; the verb “to reach the bottom of” is first attested in 1808. bottom dollar (“the last dollar one has”) is from 1882.

cog

There’s a hole in her pyjama bottoms.

(clothing) A garment worn to cover the body below the torso.


crêpe

Substantivisation of Old French crespe, from Latin crispus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.


crepe

head

crepe n (singular definite crepet, not used in plural form)

crepet (definite singular)
crepe (indefinite nominative singular)
crepet (definite nominative singular)
crepes (genitive indefinite singular)
crepets (definite genitive singular)
krep (alternative)

Borrowed from French crêpe, Derived from Latin crispus.

(textiles, uncountable) thin (cotton) fabric with dense, irregular wrinkles in the lengthwise direction


sock

en-noun

sock (plural socks or (informal, nonstandard) sox)

socks (plural)
sox (informal nonstandard plural)

desctree

→ French: socquette
→ Portuguese: soquete

Japanese: ソックス (sokkusu) < socks

Swahili: soksi < socks (plural)

From Middle English socke, sokke, sok, from Old English socc (“sock, light shoe, slipper”), a West Germanic borrowing from Latin soccus (“a light shoe or slipper, buskin”), from Ancient Greek σύκχος (súkkhos, “a kind of shoe”), probably from Phrygian or from an Anatolian language. Beekes compares Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬑𐬀 (haxa, “sole of the foot”). Cognate with Scots sok (“sock, stocking”), West Frisian sok (“sock”), Dutch sok (“sock”), German Socke (“sock”), Danish sok, sokke (“sock”), Swedish sock, socka (“sock”), Icelandic sokkur (“sock”). Doublet of zocco; also related to zoccolo, socle, and zocalo.

der

(clothing) A knitted or woven covering for the foot.


Aufzug

de-noun

Aufzug m (strong, genitive Aufzuges or Aufzugs, plural Aufzüge)

Aufzuges (genitive)
Aufzugs (genitive)
Aufzüge (plural)
Aufzug (nominative singular)
Aufzüge (definite nominative plural)
Aufzuges (genitive singular)
Aufzugs (genitive singular)
Aufzüge (definite genitive plural)
Aufzug (dative singular)
Aufzuge (dative singular)
Aufzügen (dative definite plural)
Aufzug (accusative singular)
Aufzüge (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ūfzuc, verbal noun of ūfziehen.

In dem Aufzug gehst du mir nicht aus dem Haus.

I won't let you leave the house in that getup.

(clothing, informal, mildly derogatory) getup, outfit


broom

en-verb

broom (third-person singular simple present brooms, present participle brooming, simple past and past participle broomed)

brooms (present singular third-person)
brooming (participle present)
broomed (participle past)
broomed (past)

Inherited from Middle English brom, from Old English brōm (“brushwood”), from Proto-West Germanic *brām (“bramble”) (compare Saterland Frisian Brom, West Frisian brem, Dutch braam, German Low German Braam), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem-, from *bʰer- ‘edge’. Related to brim, brink.
Replaced English besom (from Old English besma (“broom, rod”)), which is now restricted in meaning to a particular kind of broom.
(shotgun): So called because it is (like the cleaning utensil) long and held similarly to a besom and “cleans” what is in front.

(roofing) To improve the embedding of a membrane by using a broom or squeegee to smooth it out and ensure contact with the adhesive under the membrane.


vlk

vlk (nominative singular)
vlky (nominative plural)
vlka (genitive singular)
vlku (genitive singular)
vlků (genitive plural)
vlku (dative singular)
vlkům (dative plural)
vlka (accusative singular)
vlky (accusative plural)
vlku (singular vocative)
vlky (plural vocative)
vlku (locative singular)
vlcích (locative plural)
vlkem (instrumental singular)
vlky (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech vlk, from Proto-Slavic *vьlkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wilkás, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.


gotta

gottas (plural)
gutta (alternative Rumantsch-Grischun)
guota (alternative Sursilvan)
guta (alternative Sutsilvan)
guotta (alternative Puter Vallander)
aguotta (alternative Puter)


bias

en-noun

bias (countable and uncountable, plural biases or biasses)

c. 1520 in the sense "oblique line". As a technical term in the game of bowls c. 1560, whence the figurative use (c. 1570).
From Middle French biais, adverbially ("sideways, askance, against the grain") c. 1250, as a noun ("oblique angle, slant") from the late 16th century.
The French word is likely from Old Occitan biais, itself of obscure origin, most likely from Vulgar Latin *biaxius (“with two axes”).

(countable, textiles) The diagonal line between warp and weft in a woven fabric.

(countable, textiles) A wedge-shaped piece of cloth taken out of a garment (such as the waist of a dress) to diminish its circumference.


patron

fr-noun

patron m (plural patrons, feminine patronne)

→ German: Patrone

→ Italian: patron

→ Romanian: patron

→ Russian: патро́н (patrón)

→ Turkish: patron

From Old French patron (“patron, protector”), from Latin patrōnus, from pater (“father”).


patron

From Latin patrōnus, from pater (“father”).


vez

vȇz (canonical masculine)
ве̑з (Cyrillic)
vȇz (nominative singular)
vézovi (nominative plural)
veza (genitive singular)
vezova (genitive plural)
vezu (dative singular)
vezovima (dative plural)
vez (accusative singular)
vezove (accusative plural)
vezu (singular vocative)
vezovi (plural vocative)
vezu (locative singular)
vezovima (locative plural)
vezom (instrumental singular)
vezovima (instrumental plural)


quicken

en-verb

quicken (third-person singular simple present quickens, present participle quickening, simple past and past participle quickened)

quickens (present singular third-person)
quickening (participle present)
quickened (participle past)
quickened (past)

From Middle English quikenen (“to become alive again after dying; to raise (someone) from the dead; to regain consciousness or strength; to give vitality, revive; to regain validity; to nourish; to spare (the life of someone or something); to ignite; to illuminate; of events: to happen more quickly; of clouds: to form”) [and other forms], from quiken (“to come to life; to become alive again after dying; to give or regain vitality, revive; of a seed: to germinate, grow; to arouse (anger); to inspire; to reinforce, strengthen; to make (a substance) alchemically active; to nourish, sustain; to sharpen; to ignite; to illuminate; of news: to spread”) + -en (suffix forming the infinitive forms of verbs). Quiken is derived from Old English cwician (“to bring to life, vivify; to come to life, become living; to quicken”), from cwic (“alive, live, living; mentally agile; intelligent, keen”) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kwikwaz (“alive; lively; quick”) and Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”)) + -ian (suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns). The English word may be analysed as quick (“moving with swiftness; occurring in a short time; (archaic) alive, living; (archaic) pregnant”) + -en (suffix attached to some adjectives forming transitive verbs meaning ‘to make [adjective]’).
Cognates
* Danish kvikne (“to quicken, revive”)
* Icelandic kvikna (“to ignite; to turn on”)
* Swedish kvickna (“to revive”)

nb...

quecken, queken, quekenen, quicken, quickene, quickenen, quickin, quicknen, quicnen, quiken, quikene, quikken, quikkenen, quikkin, quikne, quiknen, quikyn, quycken, quyken, quykene, quykken, quykne, quykyn, qweken, qwekyn, qwicken, qwiken, qwikken, qwikkin, qwikyn, qwycken, qwyken, qwykken, qwykkyn, qwykyn, qwyykne, (Northern England) qwhikken, qwhykkyn, whiken, whikken

suffix

suffix attached to some adjectives forming transitive verbs meaning ‘to make 􂀿adjective􂁀’

cog

to quicken the sheer, that is, to make its curve more pronounced

(construction, nautical (shipbuilding), archaic) To shorten the radius of (a curve); to make (a curve) sharper, or (an incline) steeper.


ala

Borrowed from Spanish ala, from Latin āla.