chúng sinh

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[cʊwŋ͡m˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[cʊwŋ͡m˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

(Buddhism) "living beings", or more specifically, humans and animals


ทอดผ้าป่า

th-verb

ทอดผ้าป่า • (tɔ̂ɔt-pâa-bpàa) (abstract noun การทอดผ้าป่า)

tɔ̂ɔt-pâa-bpàa (romanization)
การทอดผ้าป่า (abstract-noun)

/tʰɔːt̚˥˩.pʰaː˥˩.paː˨˩/

From ทอด (tɔ̂ɔt, “to cast (down); to toss; to leave (down); to place (down)”) + ผ้า (pâa, “cloth; clothing”) + ป่า (bpàa, “forest; wood; jungle; etc”).

com

(Buddhism) to present a robe to a priest by placing the robe on a tree branch and letting the priest take the robe away himself.


ကြေးစည်

ကြေး (kre:, “brass”) + စည် (cany, “gong”)


စေတီ

Borrowed from Pali cetiya (“memorial, pagoda”).


ပုထိုး

desc

→ Shan: ပူႉထူဝ်း (pṵ̂u thó)

→ Shan: ပူႉထူဝ်း (pṵ̂u thó)


အာရာမ်

my-noun

အာရာမ် • (aram)

Borrowed from Pali ārāma. Doublet of အာရာမ (arama.).

(Buddhism) enclosure defining the compound of a Burmese pagoda or monastery


မုခ်

→ Shan: မုၵ်ႈ (mūk)

(Buddhism, architecture) gateway to a Burmese pagoda


thất tình

Sino-Vietnamese word from 七情, composed of 七 (“seven”) and 情 (“emotion”).

vi-etym-sino

[tʰət̚˧˦ tïŋ˨˩]

[tʰək̚˦˧˥ tɨn˦˩]

[tʰək̚˦˥ tɨn˨˩]

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Confucianism, Buddhism, traditional Chinese medicine) the seven emotional states: joy, anger, anxiety, thought, grief, fear, fright


ဩကာသ

(Buddhism) submission for grant of exculpation prefacing a prayer.


𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳

edgü (romanization)
ʾdkw (romanization)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 (nominative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾 (definite nominative plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (genitive singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (definite genitive plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷𐽰 (dative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (dative definite plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽲 (accusative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽶 (accusative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (accusative definite plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (accusative definite plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾀𐽰 (locative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (definite locative plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ablative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ablative definite plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺 (instrumental singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (definite instrumental plural)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽽𐽰 (equative singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (directive singular)
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (singular)

From Proto-Turkic *edgü (“good, excellent”). Cognate with Chuvash ырӑ (yră), Old Turkic 𐰓𐰏𐰇 (edgü), Karakhanid اَذْكُو (eδgǖ), Turkish iyi and Yakut үтүө (ütüö).

(religion, Buddhism) mark of auspiciousness, Lakshana


法身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (法身):
* → Japanese: 法身(ほっしん) (hosshin); 法身(ほうしん) (hōshin)
* → Korean: 법신(法身) (beopsin)
* → Vietnamese: pháp thân (法身)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵/

/faʔ³³ sən⁴⁴/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵/

/faʔ³³ sən⁴⁴/

Calque of Sanskrit धर्मकाय (dharmakāya, “law body”) or Pali dhammakāya. The Tibetan equivalent is ཆོས་སྐུ (chos sku).


luật sư

[lwət̚˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[lwək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˧˧]

[lwək̚˨˩ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[l⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˨˩˨ ʂɨ˧˧]

[l⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˨˩˨ sɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 律師, composed of 律 (“law; code”) and 師 (“master”).


chiliocosm

From chilia- + Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos, “world”).

It is he who in the Fa houa king is called the Lord of the Savaloka, the great Brahma, who governs the grand chiliocosm, that is the greatest of the three aggregations of universes, containing a thousand million of suns, of Sumerus, and quadruple continents such as we behold.

1848, Faxian, Abel Rémusat, & Julius von Klaproth, The Pilgrimage of Fa Hian, page 131:

Beyond one such chiliocosm, there lies another and so on to endless. All chiliocosms alike are under the domination of the Supreme Law of Nature of the Law of Karma.

2003, Pram Nguyen, The Ultimate Theory of the Universe, →ISBN, page 233:

It has the similar meaning with a poem written by William Blake, a British poet: To See a World in a Grain of Sand, And a Heaven in a Wild Flower, Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand, And Eternity in an hour. So, a better translation is put forward: A tiny flower represents a chiliocosm, as a single tree covers the bodhi.

2015, Ford Lumban Gaol, Interdisciplinary Behavior and Social Sciences, →ISBN:

The first order chiliocosm encompasses one thousand worlds, each of them identically structured, with Mount Meru at the center, surrounded by four major continents and eight subcontinents. The second order chiliocosm has one thousand times as many worlds as the first, and the third order chiliocosm has one thousand times as many worlds as the second.

2016, Text, History, and Philosophy: Abhidharma across Buddhist Scholastic Traditions, →ISBN, page 319:


مہایان

ur-proper noun

مہایان • (mahāyān) m (Hindi spelling महायान)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna, literally “great vehicle”); equivalent to مہا (mahā, “great”) + یان (yān, “vehicle”).


tăng viện

Sino-Vietnamese word from 僧院, composed of 僧 (“monk”) and 院 (“institute”).

vi-etym-sino

[taŋ˧˧ viən˧˨ʔ]

[taŋ˧˧ viəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[taŋ˧˧ viəŋ˨˩˨]

[taŋ˧˧ jiəŋ˨˩˨]


phóng sinh

[fawŋ͡m˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[fawŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[fɔŋ˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[fawŋ͡m˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 放生, composed of 放 (“to release”) and 生 (“life”).

(chiefly Buddhism) to "release" captive animals into the wild


phá giới

[faː˧˦ zəːj˧˦]

[faː˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦]

[faː˦˥ jəːj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 破戒, composed of 破 (“to break”) and 戒 (“precept”)

(Buddhism, of a monk or nun) to break fundamental Buddhist precepts, typically veganism, or abstinence from alcohol or sex


點眼

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (點眼):
* → Korean: 점안(點眼) (jeoman)
* → Vietnamese: điểm nhãn (點眼)

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tiːm³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tiːm³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

(Buddhism) to perform an eye-opening ceremony for a newly built idol; to consecrate; to bless


四界

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁴⁵ t͡ɕie⁴⁵/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ kue²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² kue²¹/

/si¹¹⁻⁵³ kue¹¹/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kue⁴¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ ke²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴¹ ke²¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁴⁵ t͡ɕie⁴⁵/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ kue²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² kue²¹/

/si¹¹⁻⁵³ kue¹¹/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kue⁴¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ ke²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴¹ ke²¹/


有量

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯¹³ lœːŋ²²/

/u³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u²²⁻²¹ liɔŋ²²/

/u²² liɔŋ⁴¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ liaŋ²²/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯¹³ lœːŋ²²/

/u³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u²²⁻²¹ liɔŋ²²/

/u²² liɔŋ⁴¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ liaŋ²²/


vijnana

From Sanskrit विज्ञान (vijñāna, “consciousness”).

bor

(Buddhism, Hinduism) consciousness; life force


菩提道燈論

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄉㄥ ㄌㄨㄣˋ

Пути Дао Дэн Лунь

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ən⁵¹/


香跤

/hiɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/

/hiɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/


ناگ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit नाग (nāga).


常住

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

Homage to the eternal Buddhas of the ten directions.

南無常住十方佛。

南无常住十方佛。

(Buddhism) to be permanent; to be eternal


常住

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/


寶瓶

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(Buddhism) treasure vase (containing flowers, water, etc.)


Avalokiteshvara

From Sanskrit अवलोकितेश्वर (Avalokiteśvara, literally “Lord of Perception”).

bor

अवलोकितेश्वर

(Buddhism) A bodhisattva who embodies compassion.


امیتابھ بدھ

ur-proper noun

अमिताभ बुद्ध

امیتابھ بدھ • (amitābh buddh) m (Hindi spelling अमिताभ बुद्ध)

amitābh buddh (romanization)
अमिताभ बुद्ध (Hindi)

(Buddhism) Amitābha Buddha, the principal deity of Pure Land Buddhism.


امیتابھ

ur-noun

امیتابھ • (amitābh) m (Hindi spelling अमिताभ)

امیتابھ بدھ
امیتابھ بدھ#Urdu

(Buddhism) Synonym of امیتابھ بدھ (amitābh buddh, “Amitābha Buddha”)


چکرورتی

چکرورتی • (cakravartī) m (Hindi spelling चक्रवर्ती)

cakravartī (romanization)
चक्रवर्ती (Hindi)

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्रवर्तिन् (cakravartin).

bor+

(historical, Hinduism, Buddhism) chakravartin, wheel-turner (in reference to the dharmachakra), world-ruler, upholder of dharma, a title taken by Indian emperors


نروان

ur-noun

نروان • (nirvāṇ) m (Hindi spelling निर्वाण)

Borrowed from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”).


یمراج

ur-proper noun

یمراج • (yamrāj) m (Hindi spelling यमराज)

Borrowed from Sanskrit यमराज (yamarāja).

(Hinduism, Buddhism) lord Yama, god of the underworld


اسٹوپا

ur-noun

اسٹوپا • (istūpā) m (Hindi spelling स्तूप)


堪能

(Buddhism, dated) patience, perseverance


วินัย

th-proper noun

วินัย • (wí-nai)

From Pali vinaya (“modesty; humility; etc”), from Sanskrit विनय (vinaya, “idem”); possibly via Old Khmer vinaya, vinai (“discipline; training; etc”). Cognate with Old Khmer binai (“fine; penalty; etc”), from which Thai พินัย (pí-nai) is derived. Also cognate with Lao ວິໄນ (wi nai), Northern Thai ᩅᩥᨶᩢ᩠ᨿ, Khün ᩅᩥᨶᩱ᩠ᨿ, Lü ᦞᦲᧉᦺᦓ (vii²nay), Shan ဝီႉၼႄး (wḭ̂i náae), Modern Khmer វិន័យ (pinɨy), Burmese ဝိနည်း (wi.nany:).

พระ พระ#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~) Vinaya: the section of the Buddhist canon dealing with religious rules and regulations.


舎利弗

舎利弗 (canonical)
Sharihotsu (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 舍利弗 (MC syaeX|syaeH lijH pjut), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit शारिपुत्र (Śāriputra).

(Buddhism) Śāriputra, one of the disciples of Gautama Buddha


舎利子

From Middle Chinese 舍利子 (MC syaeX|syaeH lijH tsiX).
Literally “Śāri's son”, or erroneously, “Master Śāri”.

舎利子。色不異空。空不異色。色即是空。空即是色。受想行識亦復如是。舎利子。是諸法空相。不生不滅。不垢不浄。不増不減。

7th century, Shorter Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya Sutra (translation by Xuanzang)

“Shariputra, form is no other than emptiness; emptiness no other than form[,] form is exactly emptiness; emptiness exactly form. The same is true of feelings, perceptions, impulses, consciousness. Shariputra, all things are marked by emptiness: not born, not destroyed, not tainted, not pure, without gain, without loss.”

Sharishi, shiki fu i kū, kū fu i shiki, shiki soku ze kū, kū soku ze shiki. Ju sō gyō shiki, yaku bu nyoze. Sharishi, ze shohō kūsō, fu shō fu metsu, fu ku fu jō, fu zō fu gen.

(Buddhism) Synonym of 舎利弗 (Sharihotsu): Śāriputra, one of the disciples of Gautama Buddha


因果報應

ㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄠˋ ㄧㄥˋ

/in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ pou̯³³ jɪŋ³³/

/in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ pou̯³³ jɪŋ³³/


因果報應

nhân quả báo ứng
nhân quả báo ứng#Vietnamese:_因果報應

(Buddhism) chữ Hán form of nhân quả báo ứng (“karma”).


天眼通

ja-noun

天(てん)眼(げん)通(つう) or 天(てん)眼(がん)通(つう) • (tengentsū or tengantsū)

天眼通 (canonical)
天眼通 (canonical)
tengentsū (romanization)
tengantsū (romanization)

[tẽ̞ŋɡã̠nt͡sɨː]

[tẽ̞ŋɡẽ̞nt͡sɨː]

From 天眼(てんげん) (tengen, “heavenly eye”) + 通(つう) (tsū, “power”).

ja-compound

(Buddhism) clairvoyance, one of the 六神通 (rokujinzū, “six abhijñā (“higher power”)”)


優婆塞

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (優婆塞):
* → Japanese: 優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) (ubasoku)
* → Korean: 우바새(優婆塞) (ubasae)

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ sɐk̚⁵/

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ sɐk̚⁵/


อมตะ

th-noun

อมตะ • (à-má-dtà)

From Pali amata (“nectar; ambrosia”, literally “not dead; undead; undying”). Cognate with Khmer អមត (ʼâmôt). Compare Sanskrit अमृत (amṛta), from which Thai อมฤต (à-má-rít) is derived.

bor

พระ พระ#Thai


प्रत्यय

pratyaya (romanization)
प्रत्ययः (nominative singular)
प्रत्ययौ (dual nominative)
प्रत्यया1 (dual nominative)
प्रत्ययाः (nominative plural)
प्रत्ययासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रत्यय (singular vocative)
प्रत्ययौ (dual vocative)
प्रत्यया1 (dual vocative)
प्रत्ययाः (plural vocative)
प्रत्ययासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रत्ययम् (accusative singular)
प्रत्ययौ (accusative dual)
प्रत्यया1 (accusative dual)
प्रत्ययान् (accusative plural)
प्रत्ययेन (instrumental singular)
प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रत्ययैः (instrumental plural)
प्रत्ययेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रत्ययाय (dative singular)
प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रत्ययेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रत्ययात् (ablative singular)
प्रत्ययाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रत्ययेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रत्ययस्य (genitive singular)
प्रत्यययोः (dual genitive)
प्रत्ययानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रत्यये (locative singular)
प्रत्यययोः (dual locative)
प्रत्ययेषु (locative plural)

प्रति- (prati-, “towards”) + अय (aya, “going”), the latter component from इ (i, “to go”).

affix

(Buddhism, Jainism) fundamental notion or idea


จริต

th-noun

จริต • (jà-rìt)

From Pali carita (“motion; moving; course; etc”); from Sanskrit चरित (carita, “idem”); possibly via Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer ចរិត (carita) or Old Khmer ចរិត្ត (caritta, “conduct; manner; etc”). Cognate with Modern Khmer ចរិត (caʼrət).

bor

ราคจริต ราคจริต#Thai

โทสจริต โทสจริต#Thai

โมหจริต โมหจริต#Thai

สัทธาจริต สัทธาจริต#Thai

พุทธิจริต พุทธิจริต#Thai

วิตกจริต วิตกจริต#Thai

(Buddhism) nature (of the mind), divided into six types: ราคจริต, โทสจริต, โมหจริต, สัทธาจริต, พุทธิจริต, วิตกจริต.


報身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (報身):
* → Japanese: 報身(ほうじん) (hōjin)
* → Korean: 보신(報身) (bosin)
* → Vietnamese: báo thân (報身)

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit संभोगकाय (saṃbhogakāya, “body of enjoyment”). The Tibetan equivalent is ལོངས་སྐུ (longs sku).


應身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (應身):
* → Japanese: 応身(おうしん) (ōshin)
* → Korean: 응신(應身) (eungsin)

/iŋ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྤྲུལ་སྐུ་ (sprul sku).


三身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三身):
* → Japanese: 三身(さんじん) (sanjin); 三身(さんしん) (sanshin)
* → Korean: 삼신(三身) (samsin)
* → Vietnamese: tam thân (三身)

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit त्रिकाय (trikāya, “three bodies”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྐུ་གསུམ (sku gsum).


សាមណេរ

From Pali sāmaṇera. Compare Thai สามเณร (sǎam-má-neen), Burmese သာမဏေ (sama.ne).


我倒

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Buddhism) “illusion of an ego”, one of the four inverted or upside-down ideas


薩埵

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (薩埵):
* → Japanese: 薩(さっ)埵(た) (satta)

/sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

From Sanskrit सत्त्व (sattva, “being, existence”).

bor

(Buddhism) sentient beings, living things

菩提薩埵 菩提薩埵#Chinese

菩提萨埵 菩提萨埵#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 菩提薩埵／菩提萨埵 (pútísàduǒ, “bodhisattva”).


薩埵

From Middle Chinese 薩埵 (MC sat twaX), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit सत्त्व (sattva, “being, existence”) or Pali satta (“being”).

(Buddhism) sentient beings, all living things; by extension, the world

(Buddhism) Short for 菩提薩埵 (bodai-satta): bodhisattva


薩埵

(Buddhism) Short for 菩薩王子 (Satta-ōji): name of a past reincarnation of the Gautama Buddha

菩薩王子

(Buddhism) Short for 金剛菩薩 (Kongōsatta): Vajrasattva


陪臚

/pʰeɪ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/

/pʰeɪ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/


掛礙

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (罣礙 /罣碍 (guà'ài)):
* → Japanese: 罣礙(けげ) (kege)
* → Korean: 가애(罣礙) (gaae)
* → Vietnamese: quái ngại (罣礙)

/ku̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯¹/

/kʷaː³³ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡai⁴¹/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ɡai¹¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯¹/

/kʷaː³³ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡai⁴¹/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ɡai¹¹/

Translation of Sanskrit आवरण (āvaraṇa, “covering; hiding; obscuring; obstructing”) or Sanskrit आलम्बन (ālambana, “depending on or from; hanging from”), as in चित्तावरण (cittāvaraṇa, literally “thought-covering”) or चित्तालम्बन (cittālambana, literally “mental hanging”) (Shi, 2014).

der

挂碍
挂礙
罣礙
*絓礙

(Buddhism, of the mind) to be hindered, thus unawakened; to be obstructed


罣礙

ja-noun

罣(け)礙(げ) or 罣礙(けいげ) or 罣礙(けいげい) • (kege or keige or keigei)

罣礙 (canonical)
罣礙 (canonical)
罣礙 (canonical)
kege (romanization)
keige (romanization)
keigei (romanization)
けいげい (hiragana)

From Middle Chinese 掛礙 (MC kweaH ngojH), translation of Sanskrit आवरण (āvaraṇa, “covering; hiding; obscuring; obstructing”) or चित्तावरण (cittāvaraṇa, literally “thought-covering”).
Due to varying speeds of chanting sutras, particularly the Heart Sutra where this term is attested, the ke or both ke and ge may be long-pronounced, as seen in the alternative readings.

(Buddhism) a hindrance, obstacle, obstruction


ព្រះសង្ឃ

km-noun

ព្រះសង្ឃ • (prĕəh sɑng)

ព្រះ (prĕəh) + សង្ឃ (sɑng)

com

ព្រះ (prĕəh) + សង្ឃ (sɑng)


บุพเพสันนิวาส

th-noun

บุพเพสันนิวาส • (bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat)

From Pali pubbesannivāsa, from pubbe (literally “past; ago; foregoing, previous”) + sannivāsa (literally “sharing the same residence; living together”), literally “previously living together” or “previous cohabitation”; equivalent to Thai บุพเพ + สันนิวาส. Cognate with Modern Khmer បុព្វេសន្និវាស (bopveihnniviəh); Lao ບຸບເພສັນນິວາດ.

com

บุพเพ + สันนิวาส

cog

បុព្វេសន្និវាស

ບຸບເພສັນນິວາດ

Lao ບຸບເພສັນນິວາດ

2017, วิเชียร ตันติพิมลพันธ์, “เนื้อเพลง บุพเพสันนิวาส (เพลงประกอบละคร บุพเพสันนิวาส)”, in S! Music, Bangkok: เทนเซ็นต์ (ประเทศไทย), retrieved 2019-01-14:
ฟ้าดินแยกเราเท่าไรไม่ขาด ภพชาติพรากเราห่างกันไม่ได้ เมื่อบุพเพสันนิวาสมั่นหมายให้เจอ
fáa din yɛ̂ɛk rao tâo rai mâi kàat · póp châat prâak rao hàang gan mâi dâai · mʉ̂ʉa bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat mân-mǎai hâi jəə
No matter how Heaven and Earth bar us, we are not parted; neither rebirth nor reincarnation can take us away from each other; as we are meant to meet [each other as a result of our] pubbesannivāsa.

2012, จิตตวชิระ, แก้กรรมความรัก ตอน รักผิดที่ ผิดคน ผิดเวลา, Bangkok: ไพลินบุ๊คเน็ต, →ISBN, page 18:
บุพเพสันนิวาส แปลว่า เคยเป็นคู่กันมาแต่ปางก่อน หรือเคยอยู่ร่วมกันมาก่อน จึงต้องกลับมาพบเจอกันและได้รักกันอีกครั้ง
bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat · bplɛɛ wâa · kəəi bpen kûu gan maa dtɛ̀ɛ bpaang gɔ̀ɔn · rʉ̌ʉ kəəi yùu rûuam-gan maa gɔ̀ɔn · jʉng dtɔ̂ng glàp maa póp-jəə gan lɛ́ dâai rák gan ìik kráng
Pubbesannivāsa means [we] have been a couple in a former life or have formerly been together. That is why [we] are meant to return to and meet each other and come to love each other again.

2010, ธ.ธรรมรักษ์, อยู่อย่างสว่าง (ภาคสมบูรณ์), Bangkok: ไพลินบุ๊คเน็ต, →ISBN, page 60:
ความรักระหว่างพระโพธิสัตว์กับพระนางพิมพาที่ได้เกิดมาเป็นคู่รัก...เป็นเอนกอนันตชาติจนถึงการเกิดชาติสุดท้าย...ถือได้ว่าเป็นความรักที่เกิดขึ้นด้วยบุพเพสันนิวาสโดยแท้
kwaam-rák rá-wàang prá poo-tí-sàt gàp prá-naang pim-paa tîi dâai gə̀ət maa bpen kûu rák ... bpen à-nèek à-nan-dtà châat jon tʉ̌ng gaan-gə̀ət châat sùt-táai ... tʉ̌ʉ dâai wâa bpen kwaam-rák tîi gə̀ət kʉ̂n dûai bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat dooi tɛ́ɛ
The love between the Bodhisattva and Lady Bimbā who have been born as a loving couple...for numerous lives up to their latest life...can be considered a love that has truly been created by pubbesannivāsa.

2014, นภาลัย ไผ่สีทอง, ในอ้อมกอดจอมมาร, Bangkok: Bongkoch Publishing, →ISBN, page 102:
มีหนังสือหลายเล่มที่เขาเคยอ่านแล้วพูดถึงเรื่องบุพเพสันนิวาส คู่รักที่ต้องตามกันมาทุกภพชาติ ที่เมื่อมาเห็นกันในนาทีแรก ในพริบตาแรก ในครั้งแรก ดวงจิตของคนทั้งคู่ก็วิ่งเข้าหากันในทันที อย่างจำกันได้ อย่างที่เคยอยู่ร่วมกัน เคยรักกัน
mii nǎng-sʉ̌ʉ lǎai lêm tîi kǎo kəəi àan lɛ́ɛo pûut tʉ̌ng rʉ̂ʉang bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat · kûu rák tîi dtɔ̂ng dtaam gan maa túk póp châat · tîi mʉ̂ʉa maa hěn gan nai naa-tii rɛ̂ɛk · nai príp-dtaa rɛ̂ɛk · nai kráng rɛ̂ɛk · duuang jìt kɔ̌ɔng kon táng kûu gɔ̂ wîng kâo hǎa gan nai tan-tii · yàang jam gan dâai · yàang tîi kəəi yùu rûuam-gan · kəəi rák gan
There are many books which he has read and speak about pubbesannivāsa – a loving couple that is meant to follow each other in every life or through every reincarnation. At the very first minute, very first blink, very first time of seeing each other, the minds of the pair run into each other without hesitation, as if they could remember each other, as if they had once been together, as if they had once been in love with each other.

2014, อัปสรา, บุพเพอาละวาดข้ามภพ, Bangkok: eReader (Thailand), page 47:
ทำบุญร่วมชาติตักบาตรร่วมขัน มีบุพเพสันนิวาสต่อกัน เจ้าทั้งสองจึงได้มาพบพาน
tam-bun-rûuam-châat-dtàk-bàat-rûuam-kǎn · mii bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat dtɔ̀ɔ gan · jâao táng sɔ̌ɔng jʉng dâai maa póp-paan
You had jointly made merits in the same life and had jointly offered food [to priests] using the same bowl, and you have pubbesannivāsa for each other, so you two come to meet [each other again].

(Buddhism) the state of having been a loving couple in a previous life; the state of being a soulmate.


និព្វាន

km-noun

និព្វាន • (nɨppiən)


梵唱

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/


梵貝

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

梵冊貝葉 梵冊貝葉#Chinese

梵册贝叶 梵册贝叶#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 梵冊貝葉／梵册贝叶 (“Buddhist scriptures”).

(Buddhism) Alternative term for 法螺 (fǎluó, “conch shell used as a Buddhist trumpet”).


娑婆訶

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (娑婆訶):
* → Japanese: 薩(そ)婆(わ)訶(か) (sowaka)
* → Korean: 사바하(娑婆訶) (sabaha)
* → Vietnamese: ta bà ha (娑婆訶)

/sä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

/sä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, Hinduism) svaha (said during oblation)


นาคปรก

From นาค (nâak, “nāga”) + ปรก (bpròk, “to cover (over)”).

com

(Buddhist mythology) the event during the life of Gautama Buddha, taking place four weeks after he began meditating under the Bodhi Tree, in which a nāga named Mucalinda came up from beneath the earth to protect the Buddha from a prodigious rain with its hood.


นาคปรก

(Buddhism) representation of this event, depicting the Buddha sitting in a meditation position with the hood of a nāga over his head.


มารวิชัย

From มาร (maan, “Māra”) + วิชัย (wí-chai, “victory”); literally "victory over Māra".

(Buddhist mythology) the event during the life of Gautama Buddha, in which he overcame the Māra and attained enlightenment.


มารวิชัย

(Buddhism) Bhumisparsha: representation of this event, depicting the Buddha sitting in a meditation position with his left hand resting upon the lap with the palm facing upwards, and the right hand resting the palm down upon the right knee with the fingers pointing towards the earth.


ကိန်း

my-verb

ကိန်း • (kin:)

Borrowed from Sanskrit केन्द्र (kendra), from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron).

(Buddhism) to enshrine (of a holy object)

(Buddhism, honorific) to live; to dwell (of a holy person)


အဂတိ

Borrowed from Pali agati (“wrongdoing”). Cognate with Shan ဢၵတီႉ (ʼǎ kǎ tḭ̂i).

cog

Shan ဢၵတီႉ (ʼǎ kǎ tḭ̂i)

(Buddhism) one of four kinds of misconduct, i.e., chanda, dosa, moha, bhaya.


สังขาร

th-noun

สังขาร • (sǎng-kǎan)

/saŋ˩˩˦.kʰaːn˩˩˦/

/saŋ˩˩˦.kʰaː˩˩˦.ra˦˥./

From Pali saṅkhāra (“saṅkhāra”); ultimately from Sanskrit संस्कार (saṃskāra, “idem”).

(Buddhism) saṅkhāra: formation of physical and mental elements; those elements themselves; form constituted by those elements, that is, the body.


轉經筒

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

чжуаньцзинтун

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


သာဝက

desc

→ Shan: သႃႇဝၵႃႉ (sàa wǎ kâ̰a)

→ Shan: သႃႇဝၵႃႉ (sàa wǎ kâ̰a)


သစ္စာ

(Buddhism) truth; veracity, one of the Ten Perfections


អន្តរវាសក

km-noun

អន្តរវាសក • (ʼɑntaʼraʼvaasɑk)

(Buddhism) underwear, loincloth (of Buddhist monks)


般若波羅蜜

ja-noun

般(はん)若(にゃ)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(みつ) • (hannya haramitsu)

般若波羅蜜 (canonical)
hannya haramitsu (romanization)

[hã̠ɲ̟ːa̠ ha̠ɾa̠mʲit͡sɨ]

From Middle Chinese 般若波羅蜜 (MC paen nyaeX pa la mjit), itself being Kumārajīva's transliteration of Sanskrit प्रज्ञापारमिता (prajñāpāramitā); equivalent to 般若 (hannya, “wisdom”) + 波羅蜜 (haramitsu, “completeness, perfection”).
Compare 般若波羅蜜多 (hannya haramitta), Xuanzang's later transliteration of the same Buddhist term.

bor

प्रज्ञापारमिता

(Buddhism) prajnaparamita (perfection of wisdom, one of the six or ten transcendental virtues in Mahayana Buddhism)


妙法蓮華経

ja-pos

みょうほう れんげ きょう

^めうほふ ^れんげ ^きやう

妙(みょう)法(ほう)蓮(れん)華(げ)経(きょう) • (Myōhō Renge Kyō) ^(←めうほふれんげきやう (Meufofu Renge Kyau)?)

妙法蓮華経 (canonical)
Myōhō Renge Kyō (romanization)
Meufofu Renge Kyau (romanization)
めうほふれんげきやう (hiragana historical)

Calque of Sanskrit सद्धर्म पुण्डरीक सूत्र (Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra).
Equivalent to a compound of 妙法 (myōhō, “teachings of the Buddha”, literally “wondrous law”) + 蓮華 (renge, “lotus flower”) + 経 (kyō, “sutra”).

calque

सद्धर्म पुण्डरीक सूत्र

com

(Buddhism) the Lotus Sutra of the Supreme Dharma


hoá sinh

[hwaː˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[hwaː˨˩˦ ʂɨn˧˧]

[hwaː˨˩˦ sɨn˧˧]

[waː˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[waː˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

(Buddhism) birth by transformation; metamorphic birth


化生

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) to be born by transformation; to be born through metamorphosis


शाक्यमुनि

śākyamuni (romanization)
शाक्यमुनिः (nominative singular)
शाक्यमुनी (dual nominative)
शाक्यमुनयः (nominative plural)
शाक्यमुने (singular vocative)
शाक्यमुनी (dual vocative)
शाक्यमुनयः (plural vocative)
शाक्यमुनिम् (accusative singular)
शाक्यमुनी (accusative dual)
शाक्यमुनीन् (accusative plural)
शाक्यमुनिना (instrumental singular)
शाक्यमुन्या1 (instrumental singular)
शाक्यमुनिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाक्यमुनिभिः (instrumental plural)
शाक्यमुनये (dative singular)
शाक्यमुनिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाक्यमुनिभ्यः (dative plural)
शाक्यमुनेः (ablative singular)
शाक्यमुन्यः1 (ablative singular)
शाक्यमुनिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाक्यमुनिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाक्यमुनेः (genitive singular)
शाक्यमुन्यः1 (genitive singular)
शाक्यमुन्योः (dual genitive)
शाक्यमुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
शाक्यमुनौ (locative singular)
शाक्यमुना1 (locative singular)
शाक्यमुन्योः (dual locative)
शाक्यमुनिषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀻 (sakyamunī)

→ Middle Chinese: 釋迦牟尼 (MC syek kja mjuw nrij) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: Sakyamuni, Shakyamuni

From शाक्य (śākya, “Shakya”) + मुनि (múni, “sage, ascetic”).


讃仏偈

讃仏偈 (canonical)
Sanbutsu-ge (romanization)

[sã̠mbɯ̟t͡sɨɡe̞]

From 讃仏 (sanbutsu, “praising the Buddha”) + 偈 (ge, “gatha”).

光顔巍巍 威神無極 如是焰明 無与等者 日月摩尼 殊光焰耀 皆悉隠蔽 猶若聚墨 [...]

kō gen gigi, i jin mugoku, nyoze en myō, mu yo tō sha, nichigatsu mani, shu kō en-nyō, kai shitsu onpei, yū nyaku ju moku...

(Buddhism) a poetic verse praising the Buddha found in the Infinite Life Sutra:


ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ

desc

→ Mon: ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ

→ Mon: ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ

ပုၵ်ႉထႃႉၽႃႇသႃႇ

→ Shan: ပုၵ်ႉထႃႉၽႃႇသႃႇ (pṵ̂k thâ̰a phàa sàa)

ဗုဒ္ဓ (buddha., “Buddha”) + ဘာသာ (bhasa, “language, religion”).

af

(Buddhism) the religion or philosophy derived from the teachings of Gautama Buddha; Buddhism


阿闍梨

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʂɤ³⁵ li³⁵/

/aː³³ sɛː²¹ lei̯²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²³⁻³³ le²³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²⁴⁻¹¹ le²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʂɤ³⁵ li³⁵/

/aː³³ sɛː²¹ lei̯²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²³⁻³³ le²³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²⁴⁻¹¹ le²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²³/

From Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “mentor”, literally “imparting the rules and conduct”).

bor

阿阇梨
阿闍黎
阿遮利那
闍黎

(Buddhism, honorific) a reputable senior monk


อุปัชฌาย์

th-noun

อุปัชฌาย์ • (ù-bpàt-chaa) (classifier รูป or องค์ or ตน)

ù-bpàt-chaa (romanization)
รูป (classifier)
องค์ (classifier)
ตน (classifier)

/ʔu˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧/

/ʔup̚˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧/

Borrowed from Pali upajjhāya (“spiritual teacher; spiritual preceptor”, literally “one who is gone close up to”). Cognate with Modern Khmer ឧបជ្ឈាយ៍ (ʼupacchiə). Compare Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya).

bor

พระ พระ#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~) priest who presides over or administers an ordination


อุปัชฌายะ

th-noun

อุปัชฌายะ • (ù-bpàt-chaa-yá) (classifier รูป or องค์ or ตน)

ù-bpàt-chaa-yá (romanization)
รูป (classifier)
องค์ (classifier)
ตน (classifier)

/ʔu˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧.jaʔ˦˥/

/ʔup̚˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧.jaʔ˦˥/

From Pali upajjhāya (“spiritual teacher; spiritual preceptor”, literally “one who is gone close up to”). Compare Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya).

พระ พระ#Thai

อุปัชฌาย์ อุปัชฌาย์#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~) Alternative form of อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)


อุปัชฌาย

อุปัชฌาย์ อุปัชฌาย์#Thai

(Buddhism, chiefly in combination) Alternative form of อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)


อุปัชฌา

อุปัชฌา • (ù-bpàt-chaa) (classifier รูป or ตน or องค์)

ù-bpàt-chaa (romanization)
รูป (classifier)
ตน (classifier)
องค์ (classifier)

/ʔu˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧/

/ʔup̚˨˩.pat̚˨˩.t͡ɕʰaː˧/

Perhaps from Old Khmer oppachā (“teacher, master, pedagogue”); ultimately from Pali upajjhāya (“spiritual teacher; spiritual preceptor”, literally “one who is gone close up to”). Compare Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya), from which Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer upādhyāya and upāddhyāya were from.

bor

พระ พระ#Thai

อุปัชฌาย์ อุปัชฌาย์#Thai

(Buddhism, archaic) (พระ~) Alternative form of อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)


火風

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) fire and wind (two of the four great elements)


ဥုံ

Borrowed from Sanskrit ओं (oṃ) or Sanskrit औं (auṃ) or ॐ (auṃ).

(Hinduism, Buddhism) A sacred, mystical syllable used in prayer and meditation.


သီလ

(Buddhism) morality, one of the Ten Perfections


色即是空

ja-pos

色(しき)即(そく)是(ぜ)空(くう) • (shiki soku ze kū)

色即是空 (canonical)
shiki soku ze kū (romanization)

From the 般若心経 (Hannya Shingyō, “Heart Sutra”).
From Middle Chinese 色即是空 (MC srik tsik dzyeX khuwng), itself being Kumārajīva's translation from Sanskrit यद् रूपं सा शून्यता (yad rūpaṃ sā śūnyatā, literally “form is indeed emptiness”).

der

यद् रूपं सा शून्यता

(Buddhism) the fundamental doctrine that all things in this world that have a connection or reason has no intrinsic essence


空即是色

ja-pos

空(くう)即(そく)是(ぜ)色(しき) • (kū soku ze shiki)

空即是色 (canonical)
kū soku ze shiki (romanization)

Attested in the Heart Sutra.
From Middle Chinese 空即是色 (MC khuwng tsik dzyeX srik), itself being Kumārajīva's translation from Sanskrit या शून्यता तद् रूपम् (yā śūnyatā tad rūpam, literally “emptiness is only form”).

der

या शून्यता तद् रूपम्

(Buddhism) fundamental doctrine that all things in this world are empty in essence, and through that existence, all phenomenon is real in form


色即是空，空即是色

ja-r

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

desc

색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)

→ Korean: 색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)

CJKV/code

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

Sino-Xenic (色即是空，空即是色):
* → Japanese: 色(しき)即(そく)是(ぜ)空(くう)、空(くう)即(そく)是(ぜ)色(しき) (shiki soku ze kū, kū soku ze shiki)
* → Korean: 색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)
* → Vietnamese: sắc tức thị không, không tức thị sắc (色即是空，空即是色)

CJKV

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

desc

Malay: isi adalah kosong, kosong adalah isi

Vietnamese: sắc tức là không, không tức là sắc

ㄙㄜˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄎㄨㄥ

ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄙㄜˋ

sik¹ zik¹ si⁶ hung¹, hung¹ zik¹ si⁶ sik¹

sê⁴ chi² shih⁴ kʻung¹, kʻung¹ chi² shih⁴ sê⁴

сэ цзи ши кун

кун цзи ши сэ

/sɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹/

sik⁷ dzik⁷ si⁶ hung¹, hung¹ dzik⁷ si⁶ sik⁷

xig¹ jig¹ xi⁶ hung¹, hung¹ jig¹ xi⁶ xig¹

/sɪk̚⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː²² hʊŋ⁵⁵ hʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː²² sɪk̚⁵/

srik tsik dzyeX khuwng khuwng tsik dzyeX srik

“Shariputra, form (rupa) is indistinguishable from emptiness (sunyata), emptiness indistingushable from form. Form is indeed emptiness, emptiness indeed form. Likewise are sensation (vedana), perception (samjna), formation (samskara), and consciousness (vijnana).”

“Shèlìzǐ, sè bù yì kōng, kōng bù yì sè. Sè jí shì kōng, kōng jí shì sè. Shòu xiǎng xíng shí, yì fù rúshì.”

「舍利子，色不異空，空不異色。色即是空，空即是色。受想行識，亦復如是。」

「舍利子，色不异空，空不异色。色即是空，空即是色。受想行识，亦复如是。」

色則是空，空則是色
色即是空
空即是色

(Buddhism) Form is precisely emptiness and emptiness is precisely form.


夜摩

Transliteration of Sanskrit यम (yamá). Doublet of 閻魔 (Enma).

千代 空の、空の、大空の、夜摩の国といふところに、ぢぢ様も、父様も、また死んだ其方の妹も

1909, Kinoshita Mokutaro, “Nanban ji monzen” (On the front of the Christian church)

A thousand years, the sky, the sky, the big sky, in the realm of Yama, dear Grandfather, and Father, and Sister who died and passed that way

Sendai sora no, sora no, ōzora no, Yama no kuni to ifu tokoro ni, jijisama mo, chichisama mo, mata shinda sonata no imo mo

(Buddhism) Short for 夜摩天 (Yamaten): Yama, the Buddhist ruler of 奈落 (Naraku, “Naraka, hell”)


阿吽

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/


pubbesannivāsa

บุพเพสันนิวาส

Thai: บุพเพสันนิวาส (bùp-pee-sǎn-ní-wâat)

From pubbe (literally “past; ago; foregoing, previous”) + sannivāsa (literally “sharing the same residence; living together”).

(Buddhism) the state of having been a loving couple in a previous life; the state of being a soulmate.


เจ้ากรรมนายเวร

From เจ้า (jâao, “chief, lord, master; owner”) + กรรม (gam, “karma; retribution; sin”) + นาย (naai, “chief, lord, master”) + เวร (ween, “sin; revenge, vengeance”).

com

(Buddhism) person to whom one had done wrong in a previous life.


ストゥーパ

ja-noun

ストゥーパ • (sutūpa)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa). Doublet of classical 卒塔婆(そとうば) (sotōba).


bần tăng

[ʔɓən˨˩ taŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓəŋ˦˩ taŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓəŋ˨˩ taŋ˧˧]

(Chinese fiction, Buddhism, humble) "this poor monk;" I; me


tăng ni

[taŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[taŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 僧尼, composed of 僧 (“monk”) and 尼 (“nun”)

vi-etym-sino

Meronyms: ni cô (“nun”), tì kheo (“monk”), tì kheo ni (“nun”)

Coordinate term: Phật tử (“layperson”)


牟呼栗多

ㄇㄡˊ ㄏㄨ ㄌㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄛ

/moʊ̯³⁵ xu⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɐu̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵ lɵt̚² tɔː⁵⁵/

/moʊ̯³⁵ xu⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɐu̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵ lɵt̚² tɔː⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, archaic) 48 minutes; 1/30 of a day


viên tịch

[viən˧˧ tïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩˨]

[jiəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩˨]

Ajahn Chah viên tịch vào ngày 16 tháng Giêng, 1992.

Ajahn Chah passed away on January 16, 1992.

(Buddhism, of a monk or nun) to pass away


ชมพูทวีป

From Sanskrit जम्बुद्वीप (jambudvīpa, literally “island of rose apples”), from जम्बु (jambu, “rose apple”) + द्वीप (dvīpa, “island”); equivalent to Thai ชมพู (chom-puu) + ทวีป (tá-wîip).

bor

(Hinduism, Buddhism) Jambudvīpa: one of the islands surrounding the mythological mountain Meru, believed to be the region where the present-day countries of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan are situated.


kinh

Sino-Vietnamese word from 經 (“scripture; meridian”).

vi-etym-sino

cầu kinh


大宝

(Buddhism, figurative) Mahayana Buddhist law

(Buddhism, figurative) homa-mandala, a fire altar used in esoteric ritual


阿鼻地獄

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (阿鼻地獄):
* → Japanese: 阿(あ)鼻(び)地(じ)獄(ごく) (abi jigoku)
* → Korean: 아비지옥(阿鼻地獄) (abijiok)

ㄚ ㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

(Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)


阿鼻地獄

阿鼻地獄 (canonical)
abijigoku (romanization)


阿閦佛

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ fɐt̚²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ fɐt̚²/


無我

Sino-Xenic (無我):
* → Japanese: 無我(むが) (muga)
* → Korean: 무아(無我) (mua)
* → Vietnamese: vô ngã (無我)

/u³⁵ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯²¹ ŋɔː¹³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/bo¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/u³⁵ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯²¹ ŋɔː¹³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/bo¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/


芸芸眾生

ㄩㄣˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ

юньюньчжуншэн

/yn³⁵ yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ wɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ wɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/


Budai

Derived from Mandarin 布袋 (Bùdài, “cloth sack”).

der+

(Buddhism) A 10th-century monk, revered as Maitreya, a bodhisattva, in the Mahayana Buddhist pantheon; the Laughing Buddha.


ปรินิพพาน

From Pali parinibbāna (literally “going out around; going out totally”), from pari (literally “around”) + nibbāna (literally “going out; cessation”); equivalent to Thai ปริ (bpà-rí) + นิพพาน (níp-paan). Compare Sanskrit परिनिर्वाण (parinirvāṇa). Cognate with Khmer បរិនិព្វាន (baʼrinɨppiən).

bor

(Buddhism) death (of a buddha or arhat).


ปรินิพพาน

th-verb

ปรินิพพาน • (bpà-rí-níp-paan) (abstract noun การปรินิพพาน)

bpà-rí-níp-paan (romanization)
การปรินิพพาน (abstract-noun)

(Buddhism, of a buddha or arhat) to die.


ဂိုဏ်း

my-noun

ဂိုဏ်း • (guin:)

→ Shan: ၵိူင်း (kóeng)


肥勒

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹/

/pui²⁴⁻²² liɪk̚⁴/

/pui²⁴⁻²² lak̚²⁴/

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹/

/pui²⁴⁻²² liɪk̚⁴/

/pui²⁴⁻²² lak̚²⁴/


宿緣

/su⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

(Buddhism) predestined cause; preordained relationship; fate inherited from a previous incarnation


อภิธรรม

th-proper noun

อภิธรรม • (à-pí-tam)

From Sanskrit अभिधर्म (abhidharma, literally “higher dharma”), from अभि (abhi, “higher; over; above”) + धर्म (dharma, “dharma”); equivalent to Thai อภิ (à-pí) + ธรรม (tam). Compare Pali abhidhamma, from which Modern Khmer អភិធម្ម (ʼaʼphithŏəm) was derived.

bor

พระ พระ#Thai

สังคณี สังคณี#Thai

วิภังค์ วิภังค์#Thai

ธาตุกถา ธาตุกถา#Thai

ปุคคลบัญญัติ ปุคคลบัญญัติ#Thai

กถาวัตถุ กถาวัตถุ#Thai

ยมก ยมก#Thai

ปัฏฐาน ปัฏฐาน#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~) Abhidhamma, a set of seven scriptures traditionally recited by priests at funerals: สังคณี (sǎng-ká-nii), วิภังค์ (wí-pang), ธาตุกถา (taa-dtù-gà-tǎa), ปุคคลบัญญัติ (bpùk-ká-lá-ban-yàt), กถาวัตถุ (gà-tǎa-wát-tù), ยมก (yá-má-gà), and ปัฏฐาน (bpàt-dtà-tǎan).

พระ พระ#Thai

วินัย วินัย#Thai

สูตร สูตร#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~) Abhidhamma, one and the last of the three volumes of the Buddhist Canon; the other two being วินัย (wí-nai) and สูตร (sùut).


สัมภเวสี

From Pali sambhavesī (literally “birth seeker”), from sambhava (“birth”) + isī (“seeker”); equivalent to Thai สัมภว + อิสี.

com

สัมภว + อิสี

(Buddhism) creature that is to be born, such as embryo, child in its mother's womb, etc; creature that is still in the cycle of rebirth because it has not yet attained nirvana; living creature in general.


ニルバーナ

[ɲ̟iɾɯ̟ba̠ːna̠]

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa).


ประชาบดี

From Sanskrit प्रजापति (prajāpati, literally “chief of mankind; chief of creation”), from प्रजा (prajā, “mankind, people; creation, procreation”) + पति (pati, “chief; lord; master”); equivalent to Thai ประชา (bprà-chaa) + บดี (bɔɔ-dii).

bor

(Buddhism) Prajāpati, the aunt of Gautama Buddha.


สวรรคบดี

th-proper noun

สวรรคบดี • (sà-wǎn-ká-bɔɔ-dii)

From Sanskrit स्वर्गपति (svargapati, literally “chief of heaven”), from स्वर्ग (svarga, “heaven”) + पति (pati, “chief; lord; master”); equivalent to Thai สวรรค (swàk) + บดี (bɔɔ-dii).

bor

(Hinduism, Buddhism) an epithet of the god Indra.


สุรบดี

th-proper noun

สุรบดี • (sù-rá-bɔɔ-dii)

From Sanskrit सुरपति (surapati, literally “chief of gods”), from सुर (sura, “god”) + पति (pati, “chief; lord; master”); equivalent to Thai สุร + บดี (bɔɔ-dii).

com

สุร + บดี (bɔɔ-dii)


สุชัมบดี

From Pali sujampati (literally “husband of Sujātā”).


อมรบดี

th-proper noun

อมรบดี • (à-má-rá-bɔɔ-dii)

From Sanskrit अमरपति (amarapati, literally “chief of the immortals”), from अमर (amara, “immortal”) + पति (pati, “chief; lord; master”); equivalent to Thai อมร (à-mɔɔn) + บดี (bɔɔ-dii).


ธนบดี

From Sanskrit धनपति (dhanapati, literally “lord of money; lord of wealth”), from धन (dhana, “money; wealth”) + पति (pati, “chief; lord; master”); equivalent to Thai ธน (ton, “money; wealth”) + บดี (bɔɔ-dii, “chief, lord, master; owner, possessor”).

com

(Hinduism, Buddhism) an epithet of the god Kubera.


สหัสนัยน์

th-proper noun

สหัสนัยน์ • (sà-hàt-sà-nai)

From Pali sahassanayana (literally “thousand eyes”), from sahassa (“thousand”) + nayana (“eye”); equivalent to Thai สหัส + นัยน์ (nai); from the legend that the god Indra was cursed by the sage Gautama to have a thousand vulvae on his body after committing adultery with the sage's wife, Ahalyā, but the vulvae were later turned into eyes.

com

สหัส + นัยน์ (nai)


प्रतिक्रमण

pratikramaṇ (romanization)
प्रतिक्रमण (direct singular)
प्रतिक्रमण (direct plural)
प्रतिक्रमण (oblique singular)
प्रतिक्रमणों (oblique plural)
प्रतिक्रमण (singular vocative)
प्रतिक्रमणो (plural vocative)

[pɾɐ.t̪ɪk.ɾɐ.mɐ̃ɳ]


उपाध्याय

hi-noun

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāy) m

upādhyāy (romanization)
उपाध्याय (direct singular)
उपाध्याय (direct plural)
उपाध्याय (oblique singular)
उपाध्यायों (oblique plural)
उपाध्याय (singular vocative)
उपाध्यायो (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of ओझा (ojhā).

lbor

(Jainism, Buddhism) upadhyaya (one of the five types of revered people in Jainism)


金輪

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (金輪):
* → Japanese: 金輪(こんりん) (konrin)
* → Korean: 금륜(金輪) (geumnyun)

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/


眾生相

ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ³³/

Calque of Sanskrit सत्त्वसंज्ञा (sattvasaṃjñā).

calque

सत्त्वसंज्ञा


tiloka

tiloko (nominative singular)
tilokā (nominative plural)
tilokaṃ (accusative singular)
tiloke (accusative plural)
tilokena (instrumental singular)
tilokehi (instrumental plural)
tilokebhi (instrumental plural)
tilokassa (dative singular)
tilokāya (dative singular)
tilokatthaṃ (dative singular)
tilokānaṃ (dative plural)
tilokasmā (ablative singular)
tilokamhā (ablative singular)
tilokā (ablative singular)
tilokehi (ablative plural)
tilokebhi (ablative plural)
tilokassa (genitive singular)
tilokānaṃ (genitive plural)
tilokasmiṃ (locative singular)
tilokamhi (locative singular)
tiloke (locative singular)
tilokesu (locative plural)
tiloka (singular vocative)
tilokā (plural vocative)

Derived from Sanskrit त्रैलोक्य (trailokya)

der+

(Buddhism) the three worlds in Buddhist cosmology


업

Sino-Korean word from 業 (“work; karma”).

잇따른 비운도 내 업이라 생각한다.

I consider the continuing tragedies, too, to be my karma.

Itttareun biun-do nae eob-ira saenggak-handa.


阿肥勒佛仔

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/


肥勒佛

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹/

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹/


gongyo

Borrowed from Japanese 勤行(ごんぎょう) (gongyō, “religious (Buddhist) service”), from 勤(ごん) (gon, “diligence, become employed, serve”) + 行(ぎょう) (gyō, “going, journey”).

ja-r

(Buddhism) Religious service practiced by Nichiren Buddhists.


如意宝珠

如意宝珠 (canonical)
Nyoi Hōju (romanization)

[ɲ̟o̞i ho̞ːʑɨ]

Translation of Sanskrit चिन्तामणि (cintāmaṇi).
From 如意 (nyoi, “as one's wishes”) + 宝珠 (hōju, “gem, jewel”).

com

(Buddhism, Hinduism) the Cintamani stone, a wish-fulfilling jewel


四面佛

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

(Buddhism) Phra Phrom (Thai representation of the Hindu god Brahma)


盂蘭盆會

ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Юйланьпэньхуэй

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

(Buddhism) Ghost Festival; Ullambana Festival


唵阿毘羅吽欠

ja-pos

おん あ-び-ら-うん-けん

唵(おん)阿(あ)毘(び)羅(ら)吽(うん)欠(けん) • (on a-bi-ra-un-ken)

唵阿毘羅吽欠 (canonical)
on a-bi-ra-un-ken (romanization)

[o̞ɰ̃ a̠bʲiɾa̠ɯ̟̃ŋkẽ̞ɴ]

Transliteration of Sanskrit ॐ अविरहूम्खम् (oṃ avirahūmkham).
Equivalent to a phrase compound of 唵(おん) (on, “om”) + 阿毘羅吽欠(あびらうんけん) (a-bi-ra-un-ken, “a vi ra hūṃ khaṃ”).

bor

ॐ अविरहूम्खम्

ja-compound

(Buddhism) oṃ a vi ra hūṃ khaṃ: an incantation directed to 大日如来 (Dainichi Nyorai, “Mahavairocana”)


ມົນ

From Sanskrit मन्त्र (mantra) or Pali manta.

(Buddhism, Hinduism) mantra; incantation.


ມົນ

mon (romanization)
ການມົນ (abstract-noun)


黄檗

(Buddhism) Short for 黄檗宗 (“the Ōbaku sect”).


阿毘羅吽欠

ja-pos

阿(あ)毘(び)羅(ら)吽(うん)欠(けん) • (a-bi-ra-un-ken)

阿毘羅吽欠 (canonical)
a-bi-ra-un-ken (romanization)

Transliteration of Sanskrit अविरहूम्खम् (avirahūmkham).

(Buddhism) a vi ra hūṃ khaṃ: a mantra or incantation directed to 大日如来 (Dainichi Nyorai, “Mahavairocana”), the five syllables representing the five elements in Japanese philosophy


究竟涅槃

ja-noun

究(く)竟(きょう)涅(ね)槃(はん) • (kukyō nehan) ^(←くきやうねはん (kukyau nefan)?)

究竟涅槃 (canonical)
kukyō nehan (romanization)
kukyau nefan (romanization)
くきやうねはん (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 究竟涅槃 (MC kjuwH kjaengH net ban), itself a translation of Sanskrit निष्ठा निर्वाण (niṣṭhā nirvāṇa).
Equivalent to 究竟 (kukyō, “excellent, ideal”) + 涅槃 (nehan, “nirvana”).

der

निष्ठा निर्वाण


giác ngộ

[zaːk̚˧˦ ŋo˧˨ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˧˥ ŋow˨˩ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˥ ŋow˨˩˨]

giác ngộ nhận thức cách mạng

Đầu óc tôi vẫn còn đang trong thời gian hồi phục kể từ khi tôi giác ngộ những ý tưởng lớn đó.

My brain has been in recovery mode ever since I got a firm grasp on those big-brain ideas.

(especially Buddhism or communism) to achieve enlightenment on or to have a good grasp on


四弘誓願

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (四弘誓願):
* → Korean: 사홍서원(四弘誓願) (sahongseowon)

ㄙˋ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕˋ ㄩㄢˋ

/sz̩⁵¹ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/


做功課

ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄎㄜˋ

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³³/

(Buddhism, of monks) to chant scriptures


堂子

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɑ̃²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɑ̃²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/


તિપિટક

Learned borrowing from Pali tipiṭaka. Doublet of ત્રિપિટક (tripiṭak).


礼拝堂

ja-noun

礼(らい)拝(はい)堂(どう) • (raihaidō) ^(←らいはいだう (raifaidau)?)

礼拝堂 (canonical)
raihaidō (romanization)
raifaidau (romanization)
らいはいだう (hiragana historical)


sư

Sino-Vietnamese word from 師. Perhaps also shortened from Chinese 法師 /法师 (pháp sư, “Buddhist monk”). Doublet of thầy.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">pháp sư</i>


不空成就如來

ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄔㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ

букунчэнцзюжулай

/pu⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʐu³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ hʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯²² jyː²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

Calque of Sanskrit अमोघसिद्धि (Amoghasiddhi).


เถร

th-noun

เถร • (těen) (classifier รูป or องค์ or ตน)

těen (romanization)
รูป (classifier)
องค์ (classifier)
ตน (classifier)

From Pali thera (“senior priest”). Cognate with Lao ເຖນ (thēn), Old Khmer thera (“senior bhikkhu”), Modern Khmer ថេរ (thee).

(Buddhism) senior priest, especially one having been ordained for 10 years at least.


รัตนะ

รัตนะ • (rát-dtà-ná)

From Pali ratana (“gem; jewel”), from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna, “gem; jewel”); possibly via Old Khmer ratna, ratana°, rata, ratta, ratra (“jewel, gem, precious stone; anything precious”). Cognate with Modern Khmer រត្ន (rɔɔrŭətnɔɔ).

(Buddhism) any of the Three Gems, that is, Gautama Buddha, his dharma, and his clergy.

(Buddhist mythology) any of the seven precious items that a universal ruler should have, that is, a good chakra, a disk-like weapon; a good elephant; a good horse; good jewelry; a good lady; a good treasurer; and a good warrior.


มหาธาตุ

มหาธาตุ • (má-hǎa-tâat)

/ma˦˥.haː˩˩˦.tʰaːt̚˥˩/

From Pali mahādhātu (literally “great element (that is, gold)”), from mahā (“great”) + dhātu (“element”); or from Sanskrit महाधातु (mahādhātu, literally “idem”), from महा (mahā) + धातु (dhātu); possibly via Old Khmer mahādhātu (“great relic (of the Buddha)”); equivalent to Thai มหา (má-hǎa) + ธาตุ (tâat).

bor

พระ พระ#Thai

ศรี ศรี#Thai

รัตน รัตน#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~, พระศรี~, พระศรีรัตน~) relic of the Buddha.

พระ พระ#Thai

ศรี ศรี#Thai

รัตน รัตน#Thai

(Buddhism) (พระ~, พระศรี~, พระศรีรัตน~) place, such as temple, stupa, or pagoda, where a relic of the Buddha is enshrined or housed.


ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་དགའ་བ

head

ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་དགའ་བ • (lhan cig skyes pa'i dga' ba)

lhan cig skyes pa'i dga' ba (romanization)

सहजानन्द सहजानन्द#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) Innate bliss, innate joy, co-emergent joy (joy that is co-emergent with being itself), Sanskrit सहजानन्द (sahajānanda)

en-ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་དགའ་བ-bo-noun-L6I7a4dw


དགའ་བཞི

(Buddhism) The four joys (joy, supreme joy, transcendent joy, and innate joy)


ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་མ

ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་མ • (shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin ma)

shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin ma (romanization)

(Buddhism) Prajñāpāramitā (the Perfection of Wisdom personified)

en-ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་མ-bo-noun-ykcfeKuC


ಯಕ್ಷ

ಯಕ್ಷ • (yakṣa)

kn-noun

ಯಕ್ಷ • (yakṣa)


ཚད་མེད་བཞི

अप्रमाण अप्रमाण#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) The four immeasurable attitudes (loving-kindness, compassion, joy, and equanimity), Sanskrit अप्रमाण (apramāṇa), Pali appamaññā


མི་གཡོ་བ

(Buddhism) The deity Acala ("Immovable"), Sanskrit अचल (acala)


ལོངས་སྦྱོད་རྫོགས་པའི་སྐུ

head

ལོངས་སྦྱོད་རྫོགས་པའི་སྐུ • (longs sbyod rdzogs pa'i sku)

longs sbyod rdzogs pa'i sku (romanization)

संभोगकाय संभोगकाय#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) Body of bliss, enjoyment body, Sanskrit संभोगकाय (saṃbhogakāya), one of the three bodies of a Buddha, the second mode or aspect of the Trikaya

en-ལོངས་སྦྱོད་རྫོགས་པའི་སྐུ-bo-noun-WxYoBO~q


ཤེས་རབ

(Buddhism) the female partner in sexual yoga


རྡོ་རྗེ་སེམས་དཔའ

རྡོ་རྗེ་སེམས་དཔའ • (rdo rje sems dpa')

वज्रसत्त्व वज्रसत्त्व#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) the deity Vajrasattva, Sanskrit वज्रसत्त्व (vajrasattva)


བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས

भगवान् भगवान्#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) Bhagavan, blessed one, lord, buddha, Sanskrit भगवान् (bhagavān)


བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་རྡོ་རྗེ་སེམས་དཔའ

བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་རྡོ་རྗེ་སེམས་དཔའ • (bcom ldan 'das rdo rje sems dpa')

bcom ldan 'das rdo rje sems dpa' (romanization)

(Buddhism) Lord Vajrasattva, Bhagavan Vajrasattva

en-བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་རྡོ་རྗེ་སེམས་དཔའ-bo-noun-W1Ho9LJm


རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མ

རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མ • (rdo rje dbyings kyi dbang phyug ma)

rdo rje dbyings kyi dbang phyug ma (romanization)

वज्रधात्वीश्वरी वज्रधात्वीश्वरी#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) consort of Candamaharosana, goddess of the Vajra realm, Sanskrit वज्रधात्वीश्वरी (vajradhātvīśvarī)

en-རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མ-bo-noun-npZQtDQu


རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས

རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས • (rdo rje dbyings)

वज्रधातु वज्रधातु#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) Vajra realm, immutable basic space (the experiental sphere of nonduality), Sanskrit वज्रधातु (vajradhātu)


ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན

समाधि समाधि#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) meditative absorption, Sanskrit समाधि (samādhi)


蓮邦

/li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) the Lotus Land; the Pure Land of Amitābha


文殊

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹/

/uŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² su¹³/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ su²³/

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹/

/uŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² su¹³/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ su²³/

(Buddhism) Mañjuśrī (bodhisattva associated with prajñā in Mahayana Buddhism)


八寶衫

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sã³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sã³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

(Southern Min, Buddhism) kasaya (the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns)


참회

[t͡ɕʰa̠mɦø̞]


佛果

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (佛果):
* → Japanese: 仏果(ぶっか) (bukka)
* → Korean: 불과(佛果) (bulgwa)
* → Vietnamese: phật quả (佛果)

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔː³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔː³⁵/

(Buddhism) enlightenment as a result; arhatship


biksu

From Malay biksu, from Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).

(Buddhism) bhikkhu, a Buddhist monk or priest; one who follows all Buddhist precepts as a full member of the sangha.


biksu

ms-noun

biksu (Jawi spelling بيقسو, plural biksu-biksu, informal 1st possessive biksuku, 2nd possessive biksumu, 3rd possessive biksunya)

بيقسو (Jawi)
biksu-biksu (plural)
biksuku (first-person informal possessive)
biksumu (possessive second-person)
biksunya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).


閻羅天子

ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄗˇ

Яньло Тяньцзы

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


觀音大士

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄧㄣ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ

Гуаньинь Даши

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(Buddhism) Synonym of 觀音 /观音 (Guānyīn, “Guanyin”)


魔尼

(Buddhism) Cintamani stone; wish-fulfilling jewel


お釈迦

御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 釈迦 (Shaka, “Sakyamuni; Gautama Buddha”)


火宅

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (火宅):
* → Japanese: 火(か)宅(たく) (kataku)
* → Korean: 화택(火宅) (hwataek)

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/


火宅

ja-noun

火(か)宅(たく) • (kataku) ^(←くわたく (kwataku)?)

火宅 (canonical)
kataku (romanization)
kwataku (romanization)
くわたく (hiragana historical)

火宅無常

火宅無常 かたくむじょう


捾珠

/kuã²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kuã²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Buddhism) prayer beads


紅教

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ kaːu̯³³/


海德

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(Buddhism) the Eight Virtues of the Ocean


pasraman

Reconstructed as asrama + peng- -an, from Javanese pasraman (ꦥꦱꦿꦩꦤ꧀ (pasraman), “monastery, hermitage”), from Old Javanese pāśraman (“hermitage”). Cognate of Balinese pasrama (“boarding-house”).


合十

/xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

/xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

(Buddhism) to put the palms together before another person (usually as a greeting)


雙手合十

ㄕㄨㄤ ㄕㄡˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ

шуаншоу хэши

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

(Buddhism) to put the palms together before one (usually as a Buddhist greeting)


合掌拜

/hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

(Hokkien, Buddhism) to put the palms together before one (as a Buddhist greeting)


Buddahood

But yet Gautama did all this, and this was the means he adopted to attain Buddahood.

1878, Buddhism and Christianity Face to Face, page 62:

Unless he enters Buddahood, he will fall into the hells and suffer.

1986, Yoshiko Kurata Dykstra, The Konjaku Tales: From a Medieval Japanese Collection. Indian section:

Whatever the contingent and occasional purpose of a ritual, its primary concern is always the attainment of Buddahood in the body by an immediate perception of the unobstructed interpenetration of all dharmas.

1987, Religious Traditions - Volume 10, page 21:

The Buddhist who bows before an image of the Buddha understands himself not as honoring an individual, but expressing his respect for Buddahood, a potentiality of all humans (or in some cases all beings) and devoting himself to the cultivaton of his own "enlightenment."

1997, Gary David Comstock, Susan E. Henking, Que(e)rying Religion: A Critical Anthology, →ISBN, page 275:

The eternity and omnipresence of the True Nature is equivalent to the omnipresence of the Mean; Buddahood or the dharma-nature is, crypto-pantheistically, present everywhere and in everything.

2000, Brook Ziporyn, Evil And/or/as the Good, →ISBN:

(Buddhism) The state of being a buddha, enlightenment or nirvana.


劫數

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ¹¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ¹¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

(Buddhism) predestined fate; inexorable doom


苦行

苦行 (canonical)
kugyō (romanization)
kugyau (romanization)
くぎやう (hiragana historical)


苦行

苦行する (canonical)
kugyō suru (romanization)
kugyau (romanization)
苦行し (stem)
苦行した (past)
苦行し
くぎょうし
kugyō shi
苦行する
くぎょうする
kugyō suru
苦行すれ
くぎょうすれ
kugyō sure
苦行せよ (imperative literary)
苦行しろ (colloquial imperative)
くぎょうせよ (imperative literary)
くぎょうしろ (colloquial imperative)
kugyō seyo (imperative literary)
kugyō shiro (colloquial imperative)
苦行される (passive)
くぎょうされる (passive)
kugyō sareru (passive)
苦行させる (causative)
苦行さす (causative)
くぎょうさせる (causative)
くぎょうさす (causative)
kugyō saseru (causative)
kugyō sasu (causative)
苦行できる (potential)
くぎょうできる (potential)
kugyō dekiru (potential)
苦行しよう (volitional)
くぎょうしよう (volitional)
kugyō shiyō (volitional)
苦行しない (negative)
くぎょうしない (negative)
kugyō shinai (negative)
苦行せず (continuative negative)
くぎょうせず (continuative negative)
kugyō sezu (continuative negative)
苦行します (formal)
くぎょうします (formal)
kugyō shimasu (formal)
苦行した (perfective)
くぎょうした (perfective)
kugyō shita (perfective)
苦行して (conjunctive)
くぎょうして (conjunctive)
kugyō shite (conjunctive)
苦行すれば (conditional hypothetical)
くぎょうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kugyō sureba (conditional hypothetical)


กิเลส

th-noun

กิเลส • (gì-lèet)

From Pali kilesa (“depravity; depravedness”). Cognate with Old Khmer kilesa, kilessa (“licentiousness, lust; depravity, dissoluteness, defiling passions”); Modern Khmer កិលេស (keleeh).

Siriphong Pakaratsakun (n.d.) พุทธวจน ๗ ฆารวาสชั้นเลิศ: หมวดเปิดธรรมที่ถูกปิด (in Thai), ปทุมธานี: วัดนาป่าพง, page 25
พระผู้มีพระภาคเจ้านั้นเป็นผู้ไกลจากกิเลส
prá-pûu-mii-prá-pâak-jâao nán bpen pûu glai jàak gì-lèet
That Blessed One is a being that has shunned kleśa.

หลวงพ่อชุมพล พลปญฺโญ (2014) อปทาน ๑ รวมธรรมะของหลวงพ่อชุมพล พลปญฺโญ (in Thai), Bangkok: Widhaya Trisarnwadhana, page 109
เราทรงพื้นแผ่นพสุธานี้ทั้งหมดสิ้น เราเผากิเลสทั้งหลายแล้ว เราถอนภพขึ้นได้ทั้งหมดแล้ว
rao song pʉ́ʉn-pɛ̀n-pá-sù-taa níi táng-mòt sîn · rao pǎo gì-lèet táng-lǎai lɛ́ɛo · rao tɔ̌ɔn póp kʉ̂n dâai táng-mòt lɛ́ɛo
We are maintaining this whole earth. We have burnt all the kleśa. We have removed all the bhava.

จำปาลาว (2014) ครุฑานาคา (in Thai), Bangkok: eReader (Thailand)
กว่า ๑๕ พรรษาที่เดินธุดงค์รอนแรมในป่าใหญ่เพื่อขัดเกลากิเลสตามที่องค์สมเด็จพระสัมมาสัมพุทธเจ้าทรงบัญญัติไว้ในพระสูตร(gwàa · sìp hâa · pan-sǎa tîi dəən tú-dong rɔɔn-rɛɛm nai bpàa yài pʉ̂ʉa kàt-glao gì-lèet dtaam tîi ong sǒm-dèt prá sǎm-maa-sǎm-pút-tá-jâao song ban-yàt wái nai prá sùut)

เรารักวิชชาธรรมกาย (n.d.) อานุภาพ ธาตุกายสิทธิ์ เหล็กไหล พญาสมิงเหล็ก: อานุภาพ ธาตุกายสิทธิ์ เหล็กไหล พญาสมิงเหล็ก (in Thai), Bangkok: n.p., page 74
แต่ถ้าเจ้าของเป็นคนชั่วช้าลุแก่อำนาจกิเลส (โลภะ ราคะ โทสะ โมหะ) ธาตุกายสิทธิ์ประเภทนี้กลับจะให้โทษ(dtɛ̀ɛ tâa jâo-kɔ̌ɔng bpen kon chûua-cháa lú gɛ̀ɛ am-nâat gì-lèet · (loo-pá · raa-ká · too-sà · moo-hà) · tâat gaa-yá-sìt bprà-pêet níi glàp jà hâi tôot)

(Buddhism) kleśa: mental state, such as love, greed, hate, anger, doubt, conceit, shamelessness, etc, that clouds the mind and leads to unwholesome actions.


老死

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


သီ

Borrowed from Pali sīmā (“boundary”). Cognate with Burmese သိမ် (sim), Shan သိမ်ႇ (sìm) and Lao ສິມ (sim).


กุฏิ

From Pali kuṭi (“cabin; cell; cot; cottage; hut; etc”); probably via Old Khmer កុដិ (kuṭi), កុតិ (kuti), ក្តិ (kti), កុដី (kuṭī), កុឌិ (kuḍi), កុតិយ (kutiya), កុតិយ៑ (kutiy, “priest's house, priest's cell; chapel, small shrine; shelter; hut, cottage, detached house; etc”). Cognate with Modern Khmer ក្តី (kdəy), កុដិ (kot).


నలందా

(Buddhism) A large Buddhist monastery in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar) in India.


สันดาป

th-proper noun

สันดาป • (sǎn-dàap)

From Pali santāpa (“heat; torment; mental agony; grief”) or Sanskrit संताप (saṃtāpa, “idem”). Cognate with Modern Khmer សន្តាប (sɑɑsɑntaap), សណ្ដាប (sɑɑsɑndaap).

bor

(Buddhist cosmology) the name of a region in the underworld, where beings are reborn to be punished for their sins.


大千世界

ㄉㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

(Buddhism) trichiliocosm (billion-fold universe)


不可説不可説転

ja-noun

不(ふ)可(か)説(せつ)不(ふ)可(か)説(せつ)転(てん) • (fukasetsu fukasetsuten)

不可説不可説転 (canonical)
fukasetsu fukasetsuten (romanization)


入聖

/ʐu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/jɐp̚² sɪŋ³³/

/ʐu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/jɐp̚² sɪŋ³³/


pháp sư

[faːp̚˧˦ sɨ˧˧]

[faːp̚˦˧˥ ʂɨ˧˧]

[faːp̚˦˧˥ sɨ˧˧]

[faːp̚˦˥ ʂɨ˧˧]

[faːp̚˦˥ sɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 法師, composed of 法 (“Buddhist law; dharma”) and 師 (“master”), from Literary Chinese 法師 (fǎshī), influenced by pháp thuật (“magic”).

vi-etym-sino

(Buddhism) a type of variously defined priest


般涅槃

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

From Sanskrit परिनिर्वाण (parinirvāṇa, past participle), transcribed in Huilin's Yiqiejing Yinyi (Book XXI) as 般利涅盤那 (Middle Chinese /*pʷɑ(n) liᴴ net̚ bʷɑn nɑ/), and the declension forms Sanskrit परिनिर्वाणम् n sg (parinirvāṇam) or Pali parinibbānaṃ n sg transcribed in the Liao-era Buddhist glossary 《續一切經音義》 (Addenda to the Yiqiejing Yinyi, Book X) as 波利儞嚩南 (/*puɑ liᴴ nɨ^X mɑ^X nəm/). The form has also been used to translate related verbs. See 涅槃 (nièpán).

der

परिनिर्वाणम्


般涅槃

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (般涅槃):
* → Japanese: 般(はつ)涅(ね)槃(はん) (hatsunehan)
* → Korean: 반열반(般涅槃) (banyeolban)
* → Vietnamese: bát niết bàn (般涅槃)

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

der

परिनिर्वाणम्

Arising from the fourth jhāna the Buddha became fully extinguished.

c. 413. Buddhayaśas (佛陀耶舍) and Zhu Fonian (竺佛念), trans. The Dīrghāgama 《長阿含經·遊行經》.

從四禪起，佛般涅槃。

从四禅起，佛般涅槃。

(Buddhism) to attain parinirvana; to become fully extinguished


般涅槃

般涅槃 (canonical)
hatsunehan (romanization)

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 般涅槃 (MC paen net ban), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit परिनिर्वाण (parinirvāṇa) or Pali parinibbāna.
First cited in roughly 1120.

Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru


พระเจ้าห้าพระองค์

th-proper noun

พระเจ้าห้าพระองค์ • (prá-jâao-hâa-prá-ong)

From พระเจ้า (prá-jâao, literally “holy lord”) + ห้า (hâa, “five”) + พระองค์ (prá-ong, a classifier for gods, high priests, royal persons, etc, literally “holy form; holy body”).

com

(Buddhism) the five buddhas of the present age, that is, Kakusandha Buddha, Koṇāgamana Buddha, Kassapa Buddha, Gautama Buddha, and Metteya Buddha.


佛爺

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/


大慈大悲

desc

đại từ đại bi

CJKV/code

đại từ đại bi

Sino-Xenic (大慈大悲):
* → Japanese: 大(だい)慈(じ)大(だい)悲(ひ) (daijidaihi)
* → Korean: 대자대비(大慈大悲) (daejadaebi)
* → Vietnamese: đại từ đại bi (大慈大悲)

CJKV

đại từ đại bi

ㄉㄚˋ ㄘˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄟ

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiː²¹ taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ pi²⁴/

/tʰai³³ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ tʰai³³ pui⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³⁻¹¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ t͡su²³⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiː²¹ taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ pi²⁴/

/tʰai³³ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ tʰai³³ pui⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³⁻¹¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ t͡su²³⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ pi⁴⁴/

(Buddhism or figuratively) infinitely compassionate and merciful (e.g. of the buddhas and bodhisattvas)


सङ्घ

saṅgha (romanization)
सङ्घः (nominative singular)
सङ्घौ (dual nominative)
सङ्घा1 (dual nominative)
सङ्घाः (nominative plural)
सङ्घासः1 (nominative plural)
सङ्घ (singular vocative)
सङ्घौ (dual vocative)
सङ्घा1 (dual vocative)
सङ्घाः (plural vocative)
सङ्घासः1 (plural vocative)
सङ्घम् (accusative singular)
सङ्घौ (accusative dual)
सङ्घा1 (accusative dual)
सङ्घान् (accusative plural)
सङ्घेन (instrumental singular)
सङ्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सङ्घैः (instrumental plural)
सङ्घेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सङ्घाय (dative singular)
सङ्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सङ्घेभ्यः (dative plural)
सङ्घात् (ablative singular)
सङ्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सङ्घेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सङ्घस्य (genitive singular)
सङ्घयोः (dual genitive)
सङ्घानाम् (genitive plural)
सङ्घे (locative singular)
सङ्घयोः (dual locative)
सङ्घेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: সঙ্ঘ (śoṅgho)

→ English: sangha

→ Hindi: संघ (saṅgh)

→ English: sanghi

→ Indonesian: sangga

Malayalam: സംഘ (saṅgha)

→ Marathi: संघ (saṅgha)

→ Nepali: संघ (saṅgha)

→ Odia: ସଙ୍ଘ (saṅgha)

→ Pali: saṅgha

→ Burmese: သံဃာ (samgha)

→ Indonesian: sangha

→ Khmer: សង្ឃ (sɑng)

→ Lao: ສົງ (song)

desc

→ Sinhalese: සංඝයා (saṁghayā), සංඝ (saṁgha)

→ Thai: สงฆ์ (sǒng)

→ Old Tamil: 𑀘𑀗𑁆𑀓𑀫𑁆 (caṅkam)

→ Tamil: சங்கம் (caṅkam)

→ Chinese: 僧伽

→ Japanese: 僧伽

→ Korean: 승가 (seungga)

→ Vietnamese: tăng già


念佛

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/liam²²⁻²¹ put̚¹²¹/

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/liam²²⁻²¹ put̚¹²¹/

南無阿彌陀佛 南無阿彌陀佛#Chinese

南无阿弥陀佛 南无阿弥陀佛#Chinese

(Buddhism) to recite 南無阿彌陀佛／南无阿弥陀佛 (Nāmó Ēmítuófó)

to recite 南無阿彌陀佛／南无阿弥陀佛 (Nāmó Ēmítuófó)


中有

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Calque of Sanskrit अन्तराभव (antarābhava), from अन्तरा (antarā, “between”) and भव (bhava, “birth; existence”).

clq

7ᵗʰ century, 普光, 《俱舍論記》, volume 10, in Taishō Tripiṭaka, volume 41, page 181

Rùn zhōngyǒu huò míng qǐjié, rùn shēngyǒu huò míng shēngjié.

潤中有惑名起結，潤生有惑名生結。

润中有惑名起结，润生有惑名生结。

2021 September 25, 释静悟, 《论瑜伽行派的中有思想》, in 《法音》 [The Voice of Dharma], →ISSN, issue 445, page 12

Guānyú “zhōngyǒu” shì gùtài, háishì liútài de wèntí, lùnshīmen xiǎnrán guāndiǎn bù yīzhì.

關於「中有」是固態，還是流態的問題，論師們顯然觀點不一致。

关于「中有」是固态，还是流态的问题，论师们显然观点不一致。


ลามะ

(Tibetan Buddhism) lama (a master of Tibetan Buddhism)


lạt-ma

[laːt̚˧˨ʔ maː˧˧]

[laːk̚˨˩ʔ maː˧˧]

[laːk̚˨˩˨ maː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 喇嘛, ultimately from Tibetan བླ་མ (bla ma).


中陰

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/


大乗仏教

ja-pos

大(だい)乗(じょう)仏(ぶっ)教(きょう) • (Daijō Bukkyō) ^(←だいじようぶつけう (Daizyoubutukeu)?)

大乗仏教 (canonical)
Daijō Bukkyō (romanization)
Daizyoubutukeu (romanization)
だいじようぶつけう (hiragana historical)

[da̠iʑo̞ː bɯ̟k̚ʲkʲo̞ː]

From 大乗 (Daijō, “Mahayana”) + 仏教 (Bukkyō, “Buddhism”), from Chinese 大乘佛教 (Dàchéng Fójiào), from Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).


金剛般若波羅蜜多経

ja-pos

^こんごう ^はんにゃ ^はらみた-きょう

^こんがう ^はんにや ^はらみた-きやう

金(こん)剛(ごう)般(はん)若(にゃ)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(み)多(た)経(きょう) • (Kongō Hannya Haramita-kyō) ^(←こんがうはんにやはらみたきやう (Kongau Fannya Faramita-kyau)?)

金剛般若波羅蜜多経 (canonical)
Kongō Hannya Haramita-kyō (romanization)
Kongau Fannya Faramita-kyau (romanization)
こんがうはんにやはらみたきやう (hiragana historical)

Partial calque of Sanskrit वज्रच्छेदिकाप्रज्ञापारमितासूत्र (Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra).
Equivalent to 金(こん)剛(ごう) (kongō, “vajra → diamond”) + 般(はん)若(にゃ)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(み)多(た) (hannya haramita, “perfection of wisdom (prajnaparamita)”) + 経(きょう) (kyō, “sutra”).

semi-calque

वज्रच्छेदिकाप्रज्ञापारमितासूत्र

ja-compound

はん%にゃ は%ら%み%た

(Buddhism) the Diamond-cutter Perfection of Wisdom Sūtra


អនិច្ច

km-noun

អនិច្ច • (ʼaʼnɨccaʼ)


선종

[sʰʌ̹ɲd͡ʑo̞ŋ]


សង្ឃ

សង្ឃ • (sɑng)

From Pali saṅgha (“assemblage; multitude”) or Sanskrit सङ्घ (saṅgha, “assembly; association; union”).

bor

(Buddhism) official brotherhood of Buddhist monks

ព្រះ ព្រះ#Khmer

(Buddhism, less formally) (ព្រះ~) monk, priest

(Buddhism, less formally) four or more priests, Buddhist assembly


លោកសង្ឃ

km-noun

លោកសង្ឃ • (look sɑng)


zeroism

Zeroism is distinct from nihilism. It is a true central philosophy because it is neither Absolutism nor nihilism.

1964, Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar, Summaries of papers; supplement, page 190:

The conception of Emptiness in Taoist Mysticism of China was influenced by the conception of Vedic representation of Sanya (zero) and Buddhist conception of Sinyāta (zeroism) of India.

1984, Prācī-jyoti: Digest of Indological Studies - Volumes 16-17, page 244:

Gandhi set a high ideal, which actually does not attract much interest in The whole idea of "zeroism"--"to be the last in the peace research community.

1986, International peace research newsletter - Volumes 24-27, page 10:

(Buddhism) A belief that the physical world is illusion.


普賢菩薩

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (普賢菩薩):
* → Japanese: 普賢菩薩(ふげんぼさつ) (Fugen Bosatsu)
* → Korean: 보현보살(普賢菩薩) (Bohyeonbosal)
* → Vietnamese: Phổ Hiền Bồ Tát (普賢菩薩)

ㄆㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiːn²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiːn²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

普賢 (pǔxián) is a calque of Sanskrit समन्तभद्र (samantabhadra, literally “universally worthy”).


普賢菩薩

普賢菩薩 (canonical)
Fugen Bosatsu (romanization)

From 普 (fu, “universal, wide”) + 賢 (ken, “clever, wise, worthy”) + 菩薩 (bosatsu, “bodhisattva”).
Fugen is a calque of Sanskrit समन्तभद्र (samantabhadra, literally “universally worthy”).

com

(Buddhism) Samantabhadra, the bodhisattva of meditation

文殊菩薩

文殊菩薩 もんじゅぼさつ


မုဒြာ

(Buddhism) mudra, a gesture in Buddhist iconography


နန္ဒာ

ထေရီ ထေရီ#Burmese

(Buddhism) (~ထေရီ) Nanda, the half-sister of Gautama Buddha and one of the first ordained Buddhist nuns


အာရာမ

Borrowed from Pali ārāma. Doublet of အာရာမ် (aram).


တံခွန်တိုင်

/dəɡʊ̀ɴdàɪɴ/

တံခွန် (tamhkwan, “pennant”) + တိုင် (tuing, “post”)

(Buddhism) ornamented victory column, typically erected in Buddhist compounds


ရာမ

ဆေကိန္ဒာရာမကျောင်း
hcekindarama.kyaung:

အာရာမ အာရာမ#Burmese

(Buddhism) Contraction of အာရာမ (arama.). (used in the names of Buddhist monasteries, e.g., ဆေကိန္ဒာရာမကျောင်း)


舍利塔

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²² tʰaːp̚³/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²² tʰaːp̚³/


塔婆

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

Ultimately from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa) via a Prakit language.


သီလရှင်

my-noun

သီလရှင် • (sila.hrang) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

sila.hrang (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)

သီလ (sila., “morals in Buddhism”) + -ရှင် (-hrang, “-er”).


cetiya

Learned borrowing from Pali cetiya, from Sanskrit चैत्य (caitya).

(Buddhism) cetiya: places used by Buddhists to remember Gautama Buddha.


วาสนา

From Pali vāsanā (“that which remains in mind; mental imprint; mental impression; present consciousness of past perceptions; tendency of the past; etc”), from Sanskrit वासना (vāsanā, idem). Cognate with Modern Khmer វាសនា (viəsaʼnaa), វាស្នា (viəsnaa); Burmese ဝါသနာ (wasa.na).


ကျိန်း

my-verb

ကျိန်း • (kyin:)

→ Shan: ၵိင်း (kíng)

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) to sleep


တပည့်တော်

တပည့် (ta.pany., “pupil, disciple”) + -တော် (-tau, “reverent suffix”).


တပည့်တော်မ

တပည့် (ta.pany.) + -တော် (-tau) + မ (ma.)


ပဒေသာပင်

/bədèðàbɪ̀ɴ/

ပဒေသာ (pa.desa, “variety”) + ပင် (pang, “tree”), the former element from Pali padesa.

com

(Buddhism) tree of plenty; cornucopia, typically offered during Kathina


ဘုဉ်းပေး

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) to eat; to consume


ပင့်

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) to invite


ကြွ

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk, royal) to come or go


တင်ပါ့ဘုရား

/tɪ̀ɴba̰pʰəjá/


မှန်ပါ့ဘုရား

/m̥àɴba̰pʰəjá/


အရှင်ဘုရား

/ʔəʃɪ̀ɴpʰəjá/

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk, royal) respectful form of address used for Buddhist monks


ဦးစင်း

my-noun

ဦးစင်း • (u:cang:) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

cang: (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) form of address used for Buddhist monks


ဦးစင်း

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) form of address used by Buddhist monks


ဆရာလေး

ဆရာလေး • (hca.rale:) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

hca.rale: (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)

ဆရာ (hca.ra, “teacher”) + လေး (le:, “little”)

af

(Buddhism, honorific, of a nun) form of address used for Buddhist nuns


ဘုန်းဘုန်း

/pʰóʊɴpʰóʊɴ/

(Buddhism, honorific, of a monk) familiar form of address used for Buddhist monks


ဦးပဉ္စင်း

my-noun

ဦးပဉ္စင်း • (u:panycang:) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

panycang: (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)


သာသနာ

From Pali sāsana (“teaching, instruction, rule, order”).

der

သီဟိုဠ်မှာ တီယ အမည်ရှိသော သူပုန်တယောက်သည် စစ်တပ်တစ်တပ်စုယူ၍ စေတီများမှာ ပါဝင်သော ပစ္စည်းဘဏ္ဍာကို လုယက်ယူပြီး၊ ဤသို့ ဘုရားသာသနာကို ဆန့်ကျင်ဘက် လုယက်ဖျက်ဆီး ဘေးအန္တရာယ်များစွာ ပြုလုပ်လေသည်။
sihuilhma tiya. a.manyhri.sau: supunta.yauksany cactaptactapcu.yurwe ceti-mya:hma pawangsau: paccany:bhandakui lu.yak-yu-pri:| isui. bhu.ra:sasa.nakui hcan.kyangbhak lu.yakhpyakhci: bhe:anta.raymya:cwa pru.luplesany||
In Ceylon, a rebel named Tiya having collected an army, plundered the wealth contained in shrines and thus did much harm to the Buddhist Temple.


သာသနာ

ပ္ဍဲက္ကံသိၚ်ဃဵု ညးသပုန်မွဲ မၞုံယၟုတဳယ ပကောံဂွံပၞာန်မွဲဒပ်တုဲ ပၠံၚ်ၜးကေတ်ဒြပ် မၞုံပ္ဍဲစေတဳတုဲ၊ ရဴဝွံပလီုပလာ် ပၠံၚ်ၜး ဒစဵုဒစး သ္ပဘဲအန္တရာယ် ကဵုသာသနာကျာ် ဗွဲမလောန်ရ။

In Ceylon, a rebel named Tiya having collected an army, plundered the wealth contained in shrines and thus did much harm to the Buddhist Temple.


ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာ

/boʊʔda̰θàðənà/

Pali buddha (“Buddha”) + Pali sāsana (“teaching, instruction, rule, order”)

af

(Buddhism) teachings of Buddha; Buddhist teachings.


ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာ

head

ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာ (budhasāsanā)

mnw-noun

ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာ (budhasāsanā)

ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာmnw.wav

ဗုဒ္ဓ (buhtein, “Buddha”) + သာသနာ (saʂanɛ̀, “religion”)

com

(Buddhism) teachings of Buddha; Buddhist teachings


ပါရမီဆယ်ပါး

/pàɹəmì sʰɛ̀ bá/

ပါရမီ (para.mi, “virtue”) + ဆယ် (hcai, “ten”) + ပါး (pa:). Calque of Pali dasapāramī.

af

(Buddhism) Ten Perfections or principal virtues (paramita) recognized in Buddhist scholarship


သစ္စာလေးပါး

သစ္စာ (sacca, “truth”) + လေး (le:, “four”) + ပါး (pa:),calque of Pali cattāri ariyasaccāni.


သင်္ဂဟတရားလေးပါး

my-noun

သင်္ဂဟတရားလေးပါး • (sangga.ha.ta.ra:le:pa:)

/θɪ̀ɴɡa̰ha̰ta̰jálépá/

သင်္ဂဟ (sangga.ha.) + တရား (ta.ra:) + လေး (le:, “four”) + ပါး (pa:)

af

(Buddhism) four rules of good social relations


ဓာတ်ကြီးလေးပါး

ဓာတ် (dhat) + ကြီး (kri:) + လေး (le:, “four”) + ပါး (pa:)

(Buddhism) four basic properties of matter in the Abhidharma


ရတနာသုံးပါး

/jədənàθóʊɴbá/

ရတနာ (ra.ta.na, “jewel”) + သုံး (sum:, “three”) + ပါး (pa:), calque of Pali tisaraṇaṃ.

(Buddhism) Three Jewels of Buddhism; Triple Gem


သရဏဂုံသုံးပါး

/θəɹənəɡòʊɴθóʊɴbá/

သရဏဂုံ (sa.ra.na.gum, “jewel”) + သုံး (sum:, “three”) + ပါး (pa:), calque of Pali tisaraṇaṃ.


လက္ခဏာရေးသုံးပါး

my-noun

လက္ခဏာရေးသုံးပါး • (lakhka.nare:sum:pa:)

/lɛʔkʰənàjéθóʊɴbá/

လက္ခဏာ (lakhka.na) + ရေး (re:) + သုံး (sum:) + ပါး (pa:), calque of Pali tilakkhaṇa.


Triple Gem

Calque of Pali tisaraṇaṃ, Sanskrit त्रिशरण (triśaraṇa).

(Buddhism) The three main elements of Buddhism, i.e., Buddha, his teachings, and his clergy


အနန္တောအနန္တငါးပါး

my-noun

အနန္တောအနန္တငါးပါး • (a.nantau:a.nanta.nga:pa:)

/ʔənàɴdɔ́ʔənda̰ŋápá/

အနန္တော (a.nantau:) + အနန္တ (a.nanta.) + ငါး (nga:) + ပါး (pa:)


ခန္ဓာငါးပါး

/kʰàɴdàŋábá/

ခန္ဓာ (hkandha, “aggregates”) + ငါး (nga:, “five”) + ပါး (pa:). Calque of Pali pañcakkhandhā.

(Buddhism) five aggregates (skandha) embodying a being, i.e., form, sensation, cognition, mental formation, and consciousness


five aggregates

(Buddhism) five skandhas (aggregates) of being


ကပ်ကြီးသုံးပါး

/kaʔd͡ʑíθóʊɴbá/

ကပ် (kap) + ကြီး (kri:) + သုံး (sum:) + ပါး (pa:)

(Buddhism) three catastrophes, i.e., famine, war, and epidemic disease


ကံသုံးပါး

(Buddhism) three types of action (karma), i.e., deeds, words and thoughts


မီးသုံးပါး

မီး (mi:, “fires”) + သုံး (sum:, “three”) + ပါး (pa:)

(Buddhism) three fires (also known as the three poisons), i.e., greed, anger, and ignorance


နတ်ပြည်ခြောက်ထပ်

နတ်ပြည် (natprany) + ခြောက် (hkrauk) + ထပ် (htap)

(Buddhism) the six-layered abode of celestial deities.


တိပိဋက

(Buddhism) Tipitaka, i.e., Sutta, Vinaya, and Abhidhamma


ပိဋကတ်

desc

→ Shan: ပီႉတၵၢတ်ႈ (pḭ̂i tǎ kāat)

→ Shan: ပီႉတၵၢတ်ႈ (pḭ̂i tǎ kāat)

→ Shan: ပိတ်ႈတၵၢတ်ႈ (pīt tǎ kāat)

→ Shan: ပိတ်ႈတၵၢတ်ႈ (pīt tǎ kāat)


three fires

(Buddhism) Three Poisons; three primary causes of unskillful action that lead to the creation of "negative" karma


Four Noble Truths

the Four Noble Truths (canonical plural)

Calque of Sanskrit चत्वारि आर्यसत्यानि (catvāri āryasatyāni).

calque

चत्वारि आर्यसत्यानि

noble eightfold path
noble eightfold path

(Buddhism) Four central Buddhist teachings: (i) that suffering is an innate characteristic of existence with each rebirth; (ii) that it is caused by cravings or desires; (iii) that it can be ended by eliminating the cravings or desires; and (iv) that the noble eightfold path is the way to achieve this.


မဂ္ဂင်ရှစ်ပါး

/mɛʔɡɪ̀ɴʃɪʔbá/

မဂ္ဂင် (maggang) + ရှစ် (hrac, “eight”) + ပါး (pa:)

af

(Buddhism) noble eightfold path, i.e., Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration.


ဆွေခုနစ်ဆက်မျိုးခုနစ်ဆက်

/sʰwèkʰənəzɛʔmjókʰənəzɛʔ/

ဆွေမျိုး (hcwe-myui:, “kin”) + ခုနစ် (hku.nac, “seven”) + ဆက် (hcak, “generations”)

(Buddhism, law) seven degrees or generations of kinship (ancestors and descendants) recognized in the traditional Burmese legal system

en-ဆွေခုနစ်ဆက်မျိုးခုနစ်ဆက်-my-noun-XWlDVMP-


ငရဲကြီးရှစ်ထပ်

/ŋəjɛ́d͡ʑíʃɪʔtʰaʔ/

ငရဲကြီး (nga.rai:kri:) + ရှစ် (hrac) + ထပ် (htap)


ဘုရားကိုးဆူ

/pʰəjákósʰù/

ဘုရား (bhu.ra:) + ကိုး (kui:) + ဆူ (hcu)

(Buddhism) nine deities represented by the Buddha and the eight Arhats


တော်လေးဝ

တော် (tau) + လေး (le:, “four”) + ဝ (wa.)

(Buddhism, literary) the four paragons of womanhood, i.e., Amarā, Candakinnarī, Maddīdevī, and Sambhūla.


အရွယ်ဆယ်ပါး

/ʔəjwɛ̀sʰɛ̀bá/

အရွယ် (a.rwai, “age”) + ဆယ် (hcai, “ten”) + ပါး (pa:)

(Buddhism) ten decades of a person's life


ပရိက္ခရာ

/pəɹeɪʔkʰəjà/

(Buddhism) eight prescribed articles for use by Buddhist monks, i.e.,


parikkhāra

→ Burmese: ပရိက္ခရာ (pa.rikhka.ra)

Inherited from Sanskrit परिष्कार (pariṣkāra).

inh+

(Buddhism) eight prescribed articles for use by Buddhist monks, i.e., the 3 robes, almsbowl, razor, needle, girdle, and water strainer.


Five Precepts

Calque of Pali pañcasīla, Sanskrit पञ्चशील (pañcaśīla).


ပစ္စည်းလေးပါး

ပစ္စည်း (paccany:, “items”) + လေး (le:, “four”) + ပါး (pa:)

af

(Buddhism) four categories of items monks are permitted to accept as offerings


ရန်သူမျိုးငါးပါး

/jàɴðùmjóŋábá/

ရန်သူ (ransu, “enemies”) + မျိုး (myui:, “kinds”) + ငါး (nga:, “five”) + ပါး (pa:)

(Buddhism) five enemies of mankind, i.e., water, fire, king, thief, and malevolent persons


ဝိပတ္တိတရားလေးပါး

my-noun

ဝိပတ္တိတရားလေးပါး • (wi.patti.ta.ra:le:pa:)

ဝိပတ္တိတရား (wi.patti.ta.ra:) + လေး (le:) + ပါး (pa:)


ကလျာဏမိတ္တ

(Buddhism) good friend, of whom possess seven qualities


ဗြဟ္မစိုရ်တရား

(Buddhism) four cardinal virtues; Four Immeasurables; Four Perfect Virtues, i.e., loving kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity


အနိစ္စ

From Pali anicca, can be analysed as အ (a., “negative prefix in Pali and Sanskrit words”) + နိစ္စ (nicca., “perpetuity; constancy”).


သင်္ကန်း

my-noun

သင်္ကန်း • (sangkan:) (classifier ပိုင်)

sangkan: (romanization)
ပိုင် (classifier)

→ Shan: သၢင်ႇၵၢၼ်း (sàang káan)

Pali āsaṅga (“adhering; clothing (that which hangs on the body)”) + Pali sanghāṭī (“one of the three robes of a Buddhist”). The first term is cognate with Sanskrit आसक्ति (āsakti, “adhering; diligence”), and the second term is equivalent to Sanskrit सम्- (sam-, “with, together”) + Pali ghaṭeti (“to join, connect, unite”), the latter a verbal formation from ghaṭa (“multitude, heap, crowd, thicket”), from Sanskrit घटा (ghaṭā, “collection, assemblage”), from the root घट् (ghaṭ, “to strive, reach, be in connection or united with”), thus "joined together".


တရား

→ Shan: တြႃး (tráa)

Inherited from Old Burmese တရျာ (trja:).

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tjak/ŋ ~ tik/ŋ (“good, very, real, straight”)

ရတနာသုံးပါး ရတနာသုံးပါး#Burmese

(Buddhism) dhamma, part of the Triple Gem (ရတနာသုံးပါး (ra.ta.nasum:pa:)); dharma, the law, the doctrine of Buddha


သံဃာ

Borrowed from Pali saṅgha, from Sanskrit संघ (saṃgha).

ရတနာသုံးပါး ရတနာသုံးပါး#Burmese

(Buddhism) Sangha; part of the Triple Gem (ရတနာသုံးပါး (ra.ta.nasum:pa:))

(Buddhism) member of the Buddhist monkhood


ဘိက္ခုနီ

my-noun

ဘိက္ခုနီ • (bhikhku.ni) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

bhikhku.ni (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)


မယ်သီလ

မယ်သီလ • (maisila.) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

maisila. (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)


補陀落

[ɸɯ̟da̠ɾa̠kɯ̟]

der

Chinese 補陀洛伽 /补陀洛伽


Eight Legions

(Buddhism) group of eight Buddhist deities protecting the Dharma


ဝသုန္ဓရာ

/wəθòʊɴdəɹà/

Borrowed from Pali vasundharā or Sanskrit वसुन्धरा (vasundharā). Doublet of ဝသုန္ဓရေ (wa.sundha.re).


ဝသုန္ဓရေ

/wəθòʊɴdəɹè/

Borrowed from Pali vasundharā or Sanskrit वसुन्धरा (vasundharā). Doublet of ဝသုန္ဓရာ (wa.sundha.ra).


Hariti

(Buddhism) goddess and yakshini in certain Buddhist traditions


bhavacakra

Borrowed from Sanskrit भवचक्र (bhavacakra).

(Buddhism) symbolic representation of saṃsāra (or cyclic existence)


福德

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (福德):
* → Korean: 복덕(福德) (bokdeok)
* → Vietnamese: phúc đức (福德)

/fʊk̚⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism) merit; virtue; punya


က္လောင်း

From Old Burmese က္လောင်း (klong), itself from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lɨ̆ŋ.


သံစည်

သံ + စည် (“gong”)

af

သံ + စည် (“gong”)


цадиг

mn-noun

цадиг • (cadig) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ (čadig))

[ˈt͡sʰætʲɪk]


ชาดก

/t͡ɕʰaː˧.dok̚˨˩/

From Sanskrit जातक (jātaka) or Pali jātaka. Compare Lao ຊາດົກ (sā dok), Lü ᦋᦱᦷᦡᧅ (tsaaḋok).


ជាតក

km-noun

ជាតក • (ciədɑk)


ကဆုန်လပြည့်နေ့

ကဆုန် (ka.hcun) + လပြည့်နေ့ (la.prany.ne.)


သီတင်း

(Buddhism) observation of the Eight Precepts; sabbath; moral conduct

(Buddhism) uposatha; sabbath day (falling on the eighth day of the waxing moon, the full moon, eighth day of the waning moon, and the new-moon day)


Eight Precepts

Calque of Pali aṭṭha-sīla, aṭṭhaṅga-sīla or Calque of Sanskrit अष्टा-सील (aṣṭā-sīla), अष्टाण्ग-शील (aṣṭāṇga-śīla).

calque

(Buddhism) Eight rules that are observed by lay Buddhists on observance days and festivals: to abstain from (i) taking life, (ii) taking what is not given, (iii) unchastity, (iv) false speech, (v) intoxicants which cause a careless frame of mind, (vi) taking food at the wrong time, (vii) dancing, music, visiting shows, flowers, make-up, the wearing of ornaments and decorations, and (viii) a tall, high sleeping place.


uposatha

→ Burmese: ဥပုသ် (u.pus)

→ Khmer: ឧបោសថ (ʼupaosaʼthaʼ)

→ Lao: ໂບດ (bōt)

→ Thai: โบสถ์ (bòot)

Inherited from Sanskrit उपवसथ (upavasatha).

inh+

(Buddhism) sabbath day, observance of Eight Precepts


ဥပုသ်

(Buddhism) observance of the Eight Precepts; sabbath


သီတင်းသီလ

/ðədɪ́ɴθìla̰/

သီတင်း (sitang:, “sabbath, Uposatha”) + သီလ (sila., “morals, precepts”)


Mahavamsa

(Buddhism) Epic poem recounting the history of ancient Ceylon.


ရာဇဂုရု

ရာဇ (raja.) + ဂုရု (gu.ru.), borrowed from Pali rāja + Pali guru.

(Buddhism, historical) title granted to distinguished Buddhist monks during the Konbaung dynasty


ရာဇာဓိရာဇဂုရု

/jàza̰dḭjàza̰ɡṵɹṵ/

ရာဇ (raja.) + ဓိရာဇ (dhi.raja.) + ဂုရု (gu.ru.), borrowed from Pali rāja + Pali dhirāja + Pali guru.


အဂ္ဂမဟာပဏ္ဍိတ

/ʔɛʔɡa̰məhàpàɴdḭta̰/

From Pali အဂ္ဂမဟာပဏ္ဍိတ (aggamahāpaṇḍita), decomposed into အဂ္ဂ (agga.) + မဟာ (ma.ha) + ပဏ္ဍိတ (pandi.ta.), borrowed from Pali agga + Pali mahā + Pali paṇḍita.

bor

အဂ္ဂမဟာပဏ္ဍိတ

af

(Buddhism) Aggamahāpaṇḍita, a title granted to distinguished Buddhist monks by the Burmese government


Sakra

Transliteration of Sanskrit शक्र (śakra).

translit

(Buddhism) The Buddhist equivalent of Indra, ruler of the Trāyastriṃśa heaven in Buddhist cosmology.


ဣန္ဒာ

my-noun

ဣန္ဒာ • (inda)

Borrowed from Pali Inda. Doublet of ဣန္ဒါ (inda), အိန္ဒြာ (indra), and ဣန္ဒြာ (indra).


တာဝတိံသာ

/tàwa̰tèɪɴθà/

(Buddhism) Trāyastriṃśa, second of the six levels inhabited by nats or celestial lords in Buddhist cosmology


ပညာကျော်

/pjɪ̀ɴɲàd͡ʑɔ̀/

(Buddhism, historical) title conferred conferred by the Burmese government to Buddhist civilians from the 1950s to 1970s.


ပညာဗလ

/pjɪ̀ɴɲàbəla̰/

ပညာ (pa.nya) + ဗလ (ba.la.), borrowed from Pali paññā + Pali bala.

(Buddhism, historical) title conferred by the Burmese government to Buddhist civilians from the 1950s to 1970s.


မဟာပညာဗလ

/məhàpjɪ̀ɴɲàbəla̰/

မဟာ (ma.ha) + ပညာ (pa.nya) + ဗလ (ba.la.), borrowed from Pali mahā + Pali paññā + Pali bala.


သုဓမ္မသိင်္ဂီ

/θṵdàɴma̰θèɪɴɡì/

သုဓမ္မ (su.dhamma.) + သိင်္ဂီ (singgi), borrowed from Pali sudhamma + Pali siṅgī.

(Buddhism) title conferred by the Burmese government to Buddhist civilians.


မင်္ဂလသုတ်

/mɪ̀ɴɡəla̰θoʊʔ/


တပေါင်းလပြည့်နေ့

head

တပေါင်းလပြည့်နေ့ • (ta.paung:la.prany.ne.)

တပေါင်း (ta.paung:) + လပြည့်နေ့ (la.prany.ne.)


破邪顕正

破邪顕正 (canonical)
hajakenshō (romanization)

[ha̠ʑa̠kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典
w:ja:ブリタニカ国際大百科事典

大辞泉 w:ja:大辞泉

(Buddhism) To reveal heretical views and teachings, and to demonstrate the correct views, practices and teachings of Buddhism.


อริยสัจ

th-proper noun

อริยสัจ • (à-rí-yá-sàt)

From Pali ariyasacca (literally “noble truth”), from ariya (“noble; excellent”) + sacca (“truth”); equivalent to Thai อริย (à-rí-yá-) + สัจ (sàt).

bor

ทุกข์ ทุกข์#Thai

สมุทัย สมุทัย#Thai

นิโรธ นิโรธ#Thai

มรรค มรรค#Thai

(Buddhism) Four Noble Truths: ทุกข์ (túk, “suffering”), สมุทัย (“source of suffering”), นิโรธ (“termination of suffering”), and มรรค (mák, “ways to terminate suffering”).


อริยบุคคล

th-noun

อริยบุคคล • (à-rí-yá-bùk-kon)

From Pali ariyapuggala (literally “noble person”), from ariya (“noble; excellent”) + puggala (“person”); equivalent to Thai อริย (à-rí-yá-) + บุคคล (bùk-kon).

bor

(Buddhism) person who has attained a certain stage of enlightenment.


อริยมรรค

th-proper noun

อริยมรรค • (à-rí-yá-mák)

From อริย (à-rí-yá-, “noble; excellent”) + มรรค (mák, “way; path”).

com

สัมมาทิฐิ สัมมาทิฐิ#Thai

สัมมาสังกัปปะ สัมมาสังกัปปะ#Thai

สัมมาวาจา สัมมาวาจา#Thai

สัมมากัมมันตะ สัมมากัมมันตะ#Thai

สัมมาอาชีวะ สัมมาอาชีวะ#Thai

สัมมาวายามะ สัมมาวายามะ#Thai

สัมมาสติ สัมมาสติ#Thai

สัมมาสมาธิ สัมมาสมาธิ#Thai

(Buddhism) Noble Paths: the eight ways to terminate suffering, that is, สัมมาทิฐิ (“right view”), สัมมาสังกัปปะ (“right resolve”), สัมมาวาจา (“right speech”), สัมมากัมมันตะ (“right action”), สัมมาอาชีวะ (“right livelihood”), สัมมาวายามะ (“right effort”), สัมมาสติ (“right mindfulness”), and สัมมาสมาธิ (“right concentration”).

โสดาปัตติมรรค โสดาปัตติมรรค#Thai

สกทาคามิมรรค สกทาคามิมรรค#Thai

อนาคามิมรรค อนาคามิมรรค#Thai

อรหัตมรรค อรหัตมรรค#Thai

(Buddhism) Noble Paths: the four ways to enlightenment, that is, โสดาปัตติมรรค, สกทาคามิมรรค, อนาคามิมรรค, and อรหัตมรรค.


อริยทรัพย์

th-proper noun

อริยทรัพย์ • (à-rí-yá-sáp)

From อริย (à-rí-yá-, “noble; excellent”) + ทรัพย์ (sáp, “property”).

com

ศรัทธา ศรัทธา#Thai

ศีล ศีล#Thai

หิริ หิริ#Thai

โอตตัปปะ โอตตัปปะ#Thai

พาหุสัจจะ พาหุสัจจะ#Thai

จาคะ จาคะ#Thai

ปัญญา ปัญญา#Thai

(Buddhism) the seven noble properties that one should possess: ศรัทธา (sàt-taa, “faith”), ศีล (sǐin, “moral principles”), หิริ (“shame for sins; sense of right or wrong”), โอตตัปปะ (“fear of sins”), พาหุสัจจะ (“great learning; learning a lot; profound knowledge”), จาคะ (“donation; sharing”), and ปัญญา (bpan-yaa, “intelligence; wisdom”).


Suddhodana

Transliteration of Sanskrit शुद्धोदन (śuddhodana) or Pali Suddhōdana.

translit

(Buddhism) The father of Gautama Buddha.


Devadatta

Transliteration of Sanskrit देवदत्त (devadatta) or Pali Devadatta.

(Buddhism) The cousin and former disciple of Gautama Buddha.


Mahapajapati Gotami

Transliteration of Pali Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī, from Sanskrit महाप्रजापती गौतमी (mahāprajāpatī gautamī).

cog

महाप्रजापती गौतमी

(Buddhism) The stepmother and maternal aunt of Gautama Buddha.


Rahula

Transliteration of Sanskrit राहुल (rāhula) or Pali Rāhula.


Yasodhara

Transliteration of Sanskrit यशोधरा (yaśodharā) or Pali Yasodharā.

(Buddhism) The former wife of Gautama Buddha.


Sariputta

Transliteration of Pali Sāriputta, from Sanskrit शारिपुत्र (śāriputra).

(Buddhism) One of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha.


Maudgalyayana

Transliteration of Sanskrit मौद्गल्यायन (maudgalyāyana).


Anuruddha

Transliteration of Sanskrit अनुरुद्धा (anuruddhā) or Pali Anuruddhā.


Upali

Transliteration of Sanskrit उपालि (upāli) or Pali upāli.


သုဒ္ဓေါဒန

(Buddhism) Suddhodana, father of Gautama Buddha


ဒေဝဒတ်

(Buddhism) Devadatta, cousin and former disciple of Gautama Buddha


ရာဟုလာ

ရှင် ရှင်#Burmese

ထေရ် ထေရ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) (ရှင်~, ~ထေရ်) Rahula, son of Gautama Buddha


ယသောဓရာ

/ja̰θɔ́dəjà/

(Buddhism) Yasodhara, former wife of Gautama Buddha


သာရိပုတ္တရာ

/θàjḭpoʊʔtəjà/

ရှင် ရှင်#Burmese

ထေရ် ထေရ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) (ရှင်~, ~ထေရ်) Sariputta, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


မဟာမောဂ္ဂလာန်

/məhàmaʊʔɡəlàɴ/

ရှင် ရှင်#Burmese

ထေရ် ထေရ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) (ရှင်~, ~ထေရ်) Maudgalyayana, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


မဟာကဿပ

Learned borrowing from Pali Mahākassapa.

ရှင် ရှင်#Burmese

ထေရ် ထေရ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) (ရှင်~, ~ထေရ်) Maha Kassapa, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


အနုရုဒ္ဓါ

/ʔənṵjoʊʔdà/

ရှင် ရှင်#Burmese

ထေရ် ထေရ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) (ရှင်~, ~ထေရ်) Anuruddha, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


ဥပါလိ

(Buddhism) Upali, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


သရီရ

From Pali sarīra, ultimately from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”).


မဟာယာန

From Pali Mahāyāna or Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).


ဟီနယာန

From Pali Hīnayāna or Sanskrit हीनयान (hīnayāna).

(Buddhism) Theravada, also known as Hinayana (pejorative)


သိဒ္ဓတ်မင်း

/θeɪʔdaʔmɪ́ɴ/

သိဒ္ဓတ် (siddhat) + မင်း (mang:), with the first element from Pali siddhattha, ultimately from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ (siddhārtha).

(Buddhism) Siddhartha, the personal name of Gautama Buddha


သိဒ္ဓတ္ထ

From Pali siddhattha, ultimately from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ (siddhārtha).

(Buddhism) Siddhattha, the 19th of 27 named Buddhas immediately preceding Gautama


ဝဇီရာ

From Pali vajira, ultimately from Sanskrit वज्र (vajra).


ဝိပဿနာ

From Pali vipassanā, ultimately from Sanskrit विपश्यना (vipaśyanā).


ထေရဝါဒ

ထေရ (htera., “elder”) + ဝါဒ (wada., “doctrine”); from Pali theravāda, from Sanskrit स्थविरवाद (sthaviravāda).


ထေရဝါဒ

head

ထေရဝါဒ (təərawaidɛ̀)

/tʰɤrɛ̤wɛ̀tʰɛ̤/


သိဒ္ဓိ

From Pali siddhi, ultimately from Sanskrit सिद्धि (siddhi).


ပြိတ္တာ

pritta (romanization)
ကောင် (classifier)


ဒါန

(Buddhism) dana, one of the Ten Perfections


ကပ်

Borrowed from Pali kappa. Doublet of ကမ္ဘာ (kambha).


ကပ်

→ Shan: ၵၢပ်ႈ (kāap)

Inherited from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(g/k)(w)ap (“join, adhere”). Compare Old Chinese 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to join”) and 盍 (OC *ɡaːb, “to unite”) (STEDT).

inh+

(Buddhism, honorific) to offer (reverently)


ဇာတ်တော်

my-noun

ဇာတ်တော် • (jattau)

ဇာတ် (jat) + -တော် (-tau), with the first element from Pali jātaka.


ကွမ်ရင်မယ်တော်

/kwàɴjɪ̀ɴmɛ̀dɔ̀/

ကွမ်ရင် (kwam-rang, “Guanyin”) + မယ်တော် (maitau, “royal mother”), with the first element from Mandarin 觀音 /观音 (Guānyīn).


မယ်တော်

my-noun

မယ်တော် • (maitau)

(Buddhism, honorific) mother (of Buddhist monks)


ခမည်းတော်

(Buddhism, honorific) father (of Buddhist monks)

(Buddhism, honorific) father (of Buddhist sāmaṇeras)


Mahanipata Jataka

Transliteration of Pali mahānipāta jātaka.

translit

(Buddhism) The ten great birth stories (or jatakas) of the Buddha.


ဇာတ်ကြီးဆယ်ဘွဲ့

/zàtd͡ʑísʰɛ̀bwɛ̰/

Calque of Pali dasajātaka, ဇာတ် (jat, “tale”) + ကြီး (kri:, “great”) + ဆယ် (hcai, “ten”) + ဘွဲ့ (bhwai.).

af

Mahanipata Jataka
Mahanipata Jataka#English

(Buddhism) Mahanipata Jataka, the ten great birth stories (or jatakas) of the Buddha


ទសជាតក

km-noun

ទសជាតក • (tŭəh ciədɑk)

From Pali dasa + Pali jātaka, same as ទស (tŭəh) + ជាតក (ciədɑk).


dharmapala

(Buddhism) Buddhist deity; protector of Buddhism


ဓမ္မပါလ

From Sanskrit धर्मपाल (dharmapāla) via Pali dhammapāla.

(Buddhism) dharmapala, a Buddhist deity; protector of Buddhism


kumbhanda

Transliteration of Sanskrit कुम्भाण्ड (kumbhāṇḍa) or Pali kumbhaṇḍa.

translit

(Buddhism) A dwarfish spirit in Buddhist mythology.


Apalala

Transliteration of Sanskrit अपलाल (apalāla) or Pali Apalāla.

(Buddhism) The name of a water-dwelling naga in Buddhist mythology.


Girimekhala

(Buddhism) The name of an elephant in Buddhist mythology.


ဂိရိမေခလာ

/ɡḭɹḭmèkʰəlà/

Learned borrowing from Pali Girimekhalā.


Mucalinda

(Buddhism) A naga in Buddhist mythology.


မြင်းမိုရ်

မြင်း (mrang:, “old”) + မိုရ် (muir, “Meru”), with the second element from Pali Meru.

af

(Buddhism, Hinduism) Mount Meru in Buddhist mythology


Ten Perfections

(Buddhism) ten principal virtues or perfections (paramita) recognized in Buddhist scholarship


ទសបារមី

km-noun

ទសបារមី • (tŭəh baarĕəʼməy)

ទស (tŭəh, “ten”) + បារមី (baarĕəʼməy, “virtues”)

af

(Buddhism) Ten Perfections or principal virtues (paramita) recognized in Buddhist scholarship


ဝီရိယ

(Buddhism) viriya, one of the Ten Perfections


ခန္တီ

(Buddhism) patience or forbearance, one of the Ten Perfections


အဓိဋ္ဌာန်

(Buddhism) determination, one of the Ten Perfections


ဥပေက္ခာ

(Buddhism) equanimity or serenity, one of the Ten Perfections


ပႂၢင်း

shn-verb

ပႂၢင်း • (pwáang) (abstract noun လွင်ႈပႂၢင်း)

pwáang (romanization)
လွင်ႈပႂၢင်း (abstract-noun)

(Buddhism) to manifest as a Buddha or god


မၢၼ်ႇတႅင်ႇ

shn-noun

မၢၼ်ႇတႅင်ႇ • (màan tèng)

Borrowed from Burmese မဏ္ဍိုင် (manduing), ultimately from Pali maṇḍala.

bor+

(Buddhism, figurative) bodhi tree under which the Buddha gained enlightenment


ရႁၢၼ်း

shn-noun

ရႁၢၼ်း • (rǎ háan)

Borrowed from Burmese ရဟန်း (ra.han:), from Pali arahant.


သႃႇဝၵႃႉ

သႃႇဝၵႃႉ • (sàa wǎ kâ̰a)


အလောင်း

→ Shan: ဢလွင်း (ʼǎ láung)

အ- (a.-, “nominal prefix”) + a component လောင်း (laung:) from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-lwaŋ (“body, corpse, discarded object”). Cognate with Tangut [script needed] (lɪ̯wụ², “body”); see also လွင့် (lwang., “to be blown away”) (STEDT).

inh

(Buddhism) one who is progressing towards a state of enlightenment


ဢလွင်း

shn-noun

ဢလွင်း • (ʼǎ láung)


ၽြႃးဢလွင်း

ၽြႃးဢလွင်း • (phráa ʼǎ láung) (classifier ၽြႃးဢလွင်း)ဢလွင်း|ၽြာ႔ဢလွင်႔]]

phráa ʼǎ láung (romanization)
ၽြႃးဢလွင်း (classifier)

/pʰraː˥.ʔa˨˦.lɔŋ˥/

Calque of Burmese ဘုရားအလောင်း (bhu.ra:a.laung:)

calque

ဘုရားအလောင်း

(Buddhism) future Buddha; one who is destined for Buddhahood


ဘုရားအလောင်း

desc

→ Shan: ၽြႃးဢလွင်း (phráa ʼǎ láung)

→ Shan: ၽြႃးဢလွင်း (phráa ʼǎ láung)

/pʰəjáʔəláʊɴ/

ဘုရားလောင်း ဘုရားလောင်း#Burmese

(Buddhism) Alternative form of ဘုရားလောင်း (bhu.ra:laung:)


ဘုရားလောင်း

(Buddhism) future Buddha; one who is destined for Buddhahood; bodhisattva


မဟာသာဝက

မဟာ (ma.ha, “great”) + သာဝက (sawa.ka., “disciple”), borrowed from Pali mahāsāvaka.


မႁႃႇသႃႇဝၵႃႉ

shn-noun

မႁႃႇသႃႇဝၵႃႉ • (mǎ hàa sàa wǎ kâ̰a)

မႁႃႇ (mǎ hàa, “great”) + သႃႇဝၵႃႉ (sàa wǎ kâ̰a, “disciple”). Borrowed from Pali mahāsāvaka.


မာရ်နတ်

my-noun

မာရ်နတ် • (marnat)

→ Shan: မႃႇၼၢတ်ႈ (màa nāat)

မာရ် (mar) + နတ် (nat), with the first element from Pali māra.

(Buddhism) Mara, the malevolent celestial emperor antagonistic towards enlightenment and salvation.


မာရ်

မာရ် • (mar)


မႃႇၼၢတ်ႈ

shn-noun

မႃႇၼၢတ်ႈ • (màa nāat)

(Buddhism) Mara, powerful evil spirit, who has power over all the lower parts of the universe


ဝီႉၺဵၼ်ႇ

ဝီႉၺဵၼ်ႇ • (wḭ̂i nyàen)

Borrowed from Burmese ဝိညာဉ် (wi.nyany), ultimately from Pali viññāṇa.


သၢင်ႇဝၢင်ႇ

သၢင်ႇဝၢင်ႇ • (sàang wàang)

/sʰaːŋ˩.waːŋ˩/

(architecture, Buddhism) portico or porch (of a monastery)


ၵျွင်း

ၵျွင်း • (kjáung)


ၵျေႃင်း

ၵျေႃင်း • (kjáung)


ပိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႇ

ပိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႇ • (pīk màan)

Borrowed from Burmese ဗိမာန် (bi.man), ultimately from Pali vimāna.

(Buddhism) building for religious worship, temple


ဌာပနာ

→ Shan: ထႃႇပၼႃႇ (thàa pǎ nàa)


ထႃႇပၼႃႇ

ထႃႇပၼႃႇ • (thàa pǎ nàa)

Borrowed from Burmese ဌာပနာ (htapa.na), ultimately from Pali ṭhāpana.


သမႅင်း

သမႅင်း • (sǎ méng)

/sʰa˨˦.mɛŋ˥/

Borrowed from Burmese သမိုင်း (sa.muing:), ultimately from Pali sammuti.

bor+

(Buddhism) history of a pagoda, gods, or ancient kings


မုၵ်ႈ

shn-noun

မုၵ်ႈ • (mūk)

Borrowed from Burmese မုခ် (muhk), ultimately from Pali mukha.

(Buddhism, architecture) ornamental work around an arched gateway into a pagoda


ပစ္စယာ

→ Shan: ပဵတ်ႈၸယႃႇ (pāet tsǎ yàa)

(Buddhism, architecture) terrace (of a pagoda)


ပဵတ်ႈၸယႃႇ

ပဵတ်ႈၸယႃႇ • (pāet tsǎ yàa)

Borrowed from Burmese ပစ္စယာ (pacca.ya), ultimately from Pali paccayā.


ပူႉထူဝ်း

ပူႉထူဝ်း • (pṵ̂u thó)

/puː˦˨ˀ.tʰoː˥/


ထီးတင်

→ Shan: တၢင်ႇထီး (tàang thíi)

(Buddhism) to crown a pagoda with an ornamental umbrella


တၢင်ႇထီး

shn-verb

တၢင်ႇထီး • (tàang thíi) (abstract noun လွင်ႈတၢင်ႇထီး)

tàang thíi (romanization)
လွင်ႈတၢင်ႇထီး (abstract-noun)

တၢင်ႇ + ထီး (hti:), from Burmese ထီးတင် (hti:tang).

af

တၢင်ႇ + ထီး (hti:)


ပုၵ်ႉထႃႉၽႃႇသႃႇ

shn-noun

ပုၵ်ႉထႃႉၽႃႇသႃႇ • (pṵ̂k thâ̰a phàa sàa)

/puk̚˦˨ˀ.tʰaː˦˨ˀ.pʰaː˩.sʰaː˩/

ပုၵ်ႉထႃႉ (pṵ̂k thâ̰a) + ၽႃႇသႃႇ (phàa sàa), from Burmese ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ (buddha.bhasa).


ၵိူင်း

shn-noun

ၵိူင်း • (kóeng)

Borrowed from Burmese ဂိုဏ်း (guin:), ultimately from Pali gaṇa.


ဂိုဏ်းအုပ်

my-noun

ဂိုဏ်းအုပ် • (guin:up)

desc

→ Shan: ၵိူင်းဢုပ်ႉ (kóeng ʼṵ̂p)

→ Shan: ၵိူင်းဢုပ်ႉ (kóeng ʼṵ̂p)

→ Shan: ၵႅင်းဢုပ်ႉ (kéng ʼṵ̂p)

→ Shan: ၵႅင်းဢုပ်ႉ (kéng ʼṵ̂p)

ဂိုဏ်း (guin:) + အုပ် (up), with the first element borrowed from Pali gaṇa.

ဂိုဏ်းချုပ် ဂိုဏ်းချုပ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) assistant to a ဂိုဏ်းချုပ် (guin:hkyup)


ၵိူင်းဢုပ်ႉ

shn-noun

ၵိူင်းဢုပ်ႉ • (kóeng ʼṵ̂p)

/kɤŋ˥.ʔup̚˦˨ˀ/


ၵႅင်းဢုပ်ႉ

ၵႅင်းဢုပ်ႉ • (kéng ʼṵ̂p)

/kɛŋ˥.ʔup̚˦˨ˀ/


ဂိုဏ်းထောက်

my-noun

ဂိုဏ်းထောက် • (guin:htauk)

→ Shan: ၵိူင်းထွၵ်ႈ (kóeng thāuk)

ဂိုဏ်း (guin:) + ထောက် (htauk), with the first element borrowed from Pali gaṇa.

ဂိုဏ်းအုပ် ဂိုဏ်းအုပ်#Burmese

(Buddhism) assistant to a ဂိုဏ်းအုပ် (guin:up)


ၵိူင်းထွၵ်ႈ

shn-noun

ၵိူင်းထွၵ်ႈ • (kóeng thāuk)

/kɤŋ˥.tʰɔk̚˧˧˨/


ၽိၵ်ႈၶူႇ

ၽိၵ်ႈၶူႇ • (phīk khùu)

/pʰik̚˧˧˨.kʰuː˩/


ဘိက္ခု

my-noun

ဘိက္ခု • (bhikhku.) (classifier ပါး or ဦး)

bhikhku. (romanization)
ပါး (classifier)
ဦး (classifier)


သုၵ်ႈ

shn-noun

သုၵ်ႈ • (sūk)

Borrowed from Burmese သုတ် (sut), ultimately from Pali sutta.


သိမ်ႇ

သိမ်ႇ • (sìm)

Borrowed from Burmese သိမ် (sim), ultimately from Pali sīmā.

(Buddhism) ordination hall, building set apart for the performance of certain rites pertaining to the Buddhist monkhood


ဝုတ်ႉထူႉ

ဝုတ်ႉထူႉ • (wṵ̂t thṵ̂u)

Borrowed from Burmese ဝတ္ထု (wathtu.), ultimately from Pali vatthu.

(Buddhism) offering of money, gold or silver


ဝိနည်း

→ Shan: ဝီႉၼႄး (wḭ̂i náae)

(Buddhism) Vinaya, one of three canons of the Tripitaka


ဝီႉၼႄး

ဝီႉၼႄး • (wḭ̂i náae)

/wiː˦˨ˀ.nɛː˥/

Borrowed from Burmese ဝိနည်း (wi.nany:), ultimately from Pali vinaya.


ပီႉတၵၢတ်ႈ

ပီႉတၵၢတ်ႈ • (pḭ̂i tǎ kāat)

/piː˦˨ˀ.ta˨˦.kaːt̚˧˧˨/

From Burmese ပိဋကတ် (pi.ta.kat). Doublet of ပိတ်ႈတၵၢတ်ႈ (pīt tǎ kāat).


ပိတ်ႈတၵၢတ်ႈ

ပိတ်ႈတၵၢတ်ႈ • (pīt tǎ kāat)

From Burmese ပိဋကတ် (pi.ta.kat). Doublet of ပီႉတၵၢတ်ႈ (pḭ̂i tǎ kāat).


ညောင်ဗောဓိ

desc

ၺွင်ႇပေႃးထီႉ

→ Shan: ၺွင်ႇပေႃးထီႉ (nyàung páu thḭ̂i)

→ Shan: ၺွင်ႇပေႃးထီႉ (nyàung páu thḭ̂i)

ဗောဓိညောင် ဗောဓိညောင်#Burmese

(Buddhism) Alternative form of ဗောဓိညောင် (bau:dhi.nyaung)


ၺွင်ႇပေႃးထီႉ

shn-noun

ၺွင်ႇပေႃးထီႉ • (nyàung páu thḭ̂i)

/ɲɔŋ˩.pɔː˥.tʰiː˦˨ˀ/

From Burmese ညောင်ဗောဓိ (nyaungbau:dhi.).


ဇိန

desc

→ Shan: ၸီႉၼႃႉ (tsḭ̂i nâ̰a), ၸီးၼႃႉ (tsíi nâ̰a)


ၸီႉၼႃႉ

shn-noun

ၸီႉၼႃႉ • (tsḭ̂i nâ̰a)

/t͡ɕiː˦˨ˀ.naː˦˨ˀ/

Borrowed from Burmese ဇိန (ji.na.), ultimately from Pali jina.


ၸီးၼႃႉ

ၸီးၼႃႉ • (tsíi nâ̰a)

/t͡ɕiː˥.naː˦˨ˀ/


ၵေႃႉတမႃႉ

ၵေႃႉတမႃႉ • (kâ̰u tǎ mâ̰a)

/kɔː˦˨ˀ.ta˨˦.maː˦˨ˀ/


ၵေႃႇတမႃႉ

ၵေႃႇတမႃႉ • (kàu tǎ mâ̰a)

/kɔː˩.ta˨˦.maː˦˨ˀ/


ၵိင်း

shn-verb

ၵိင်း • (kíng) (abstract noun လွင်ႈၵိင်း)

kíng (romanization)
လွင်ႈၵိင်း (abstract-noun)


ၵၢပ်ႈ

ၵၢပ်ႈ • (kāap) (abstract noun လွင်ႈၵၢပ်ႈ)

kāap (romanization)
လွင်ႈၵၢပ်ႈ (abstract-noun)


သြႃႇတေႃႇ

shn-noun

သြႃႇတေႃႇ • (sràa tàu)

(Buddhism) abbot (of a Buddhist monastery)


Manimekhala

Transliteration of Sanskrit मणिमेखल (maṇimekhala) or Pali Maņīmekhalā.

translit

(Buddhism, Hinduism) The goddess in Hindu-Buddhist mythology; guardian of the seas.


ဂိုဏ်းချုပ်

my-noun

ဂိုဏ်းချုပ် • (guin:hkyup)

desc

ၵိူင်းၶျုၵ်ႈ

→ Shan: ၵိူင်းၶျုၵ်ႈ (kóeng khjūk)

→ Shan: ၵိူင်းၶျုၵ်ႈ (kóeng khjūk)

/ɡáɪɴd͡ʑoʊʔ/

ဂိုဏ်း (guin:) + ချုပ် (hkyup), with the first element borrowed from Pali gaṇa.

(Buddhism) head of monastic association belonging to a religious sect


ၵိူင်းၶျုၵ်ႈ

shn-noun

ၵိူင်းၶျုၵ်ႈ • (kóeng khjūk)

/kɤŋ˥.t͡ɕʰuk̚˧˧˨/


parinirvana

en-noun

parinirvana (countable and uncountable, plural parinirvanas)

Borrowed from Sanskrit परिनिर्वाण (parinirvāṇa).

(Buddhism) The final release from rebirth.


gaṇa

gaṇo (nominative singular)
gaṇā (nominative plural)
gaṇaṃ (accusative singular)
gaṇe (accusative plural)
gaṇena (instrumental singular)
gaṇehi (instrumental plural)
gaṇebhi (instrumental plural)
gaṇassa (dative singular)
gaṇāya (dative singular)
gaṇatthaṃ (dative singular)
gaṇānaṃ (dative plural)
gaṇasmā (ablative singular)
gaṇamhā (ablative singular)
gaṇā (ablative singular)
gaṇehi (ablative plural)
gaṇebhi (ablative plural)
gaṇassa (genitive singular)
gaṇānaṃ (genitive plural)
gaṇasmiṃ (locative singular)
gaṇamhi (locative singular)
gaṇe (locative singular)
gaṇesu (locative plural)
gaṇa (singular vocative)
gaṇā (plural vocative)

→ Burmese: ဂိုဏ်း (guin:)


nikāya

nikāyo (nominative singular)
nikāyā (nominative plural)
nikāyaṃ (accusative singular)
nikāye (accusative plural)
nikāyena (instrumental singular)
nikāyehi (instrumental plural)
nikāyebhi (instrumental plural)
nikāyassa (dative singular)
nikāyāya (dative singular)
nikāyatthaṃ (dative singular)
nikāyānaṃ (dative plural)
nikāyasmā (ablative singular)
nikāyamhā (ablative singular)
nikāyā (ablative singular)
nikāyehi (ablative plural)
nikāyebhi (ablative plural)
nikāyassa (genitive singular)
nikāyānaṃ (genitive plural)
nikāyasmiṃ (locative singular)
nikāyamhi (locative singular)
nikāye (locative singular)
nikāyesu (locative plural)
nikāya (singular vocative)
nikāyā (plural vocative)

desc

→ Burmese: နိကာယ (ni.kaya.), နိကာယ် (ni.kay)

→ Thai: นิกาย (ní-gaai)


ဝစီကံ

From Pali vacīkamma, decomposed into ဝစီ (wa.ci) + ကံ (kam).

ကံသုံးပါး ကံသုံးပါး#Burmese

(Buddhism) verbal action (one of three types of action in Buddhist philosophy, also known as ကံသုံးပါး (kamsum:pa:))


ကာယကံ

From Pali kāyakamma, decomposed into ကာယ (kaya.) + ကံ (kam).

ကံသုံးပါး ကံသုံးပါး#Burmese

(Buddhism) bodily action (one of three types of action in Buddhist philosophy, also known as ကံသုံးပါး (kamsum:pa:))


မနောကံ

From Pali manokamma, decomposed into မနော (ma.nau:) + ကံ (kam).

ကံသုံးပါး ကံသုံးပါး#Burmese

(Buddhism) mental action (one of three types of action in Buddhist philosophy, also known as ကံသုံးပါး (kamsum:pa:))