phosphole

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated five-membered heterocycle having four carbon atoms, one phosphorus atom and two double bonds; an analogue of pyrrole


oxaphosphole

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated five-membered heterocycle having three carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one phosphorus atom and two double bonds.


oxathiazole

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated five-membered heterocycle having two carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one sulfur atom, one nitrogen atom and one double bond


oxathiine

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated six-membered heterocycle having four carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one sulfur atom and two double bonds


oxirene

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated three-membered heterocycle having two carbon atoms, one oxygen atom and one double bond


oxonine

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated nine-membered heterocycle having eight carbon atoms, one oxygen atom and four double bonds


pentalene

(organic chemistry) The antiaromatic bicyclic hydrocarbon consisting of two fused cyclopentadiene rings


perimidine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of a dihydri-pyrimidine ring ortho- and peri-fused to naphthalene


phenalene

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic hydrocarbon consisting of a cyclohexene ring ortho- and peri-fused to naphthalene


phenarsazinine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of two benzene rings fused to arsazine


arsazine

(organic chemistry) The six-membered aromatic heterocycle containing four carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and one arsenic atom


phenophosphazine

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of phenophosphazinine


phenophosphazinine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of two benzene rings fused to phosphazine


phosphazine

(organic chemistry) The six-membered aromatic heterocycle containing four carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and one phosphorus atom


phenoxaphosphine

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of phenoxaphosphinine


phenoxaphosphinine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of two benzene rings fused to oxaphosphine


oxaphosphine

(organic chemistry) The six-membered unsaturated heterocycle containing four carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one phosphorus atom and two double bonds


phenoxathiine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of two benzene rings fused to oxathiine


phenoxazine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of two benzene rings fused to oxazine


phthalazine

en-noun

phthalazine (countable and uncountable, plural phthalazines)

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle consisting of a benzene ring fused to pyridazine


picene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of five fused benzene rings; an isomer of pentacene.


pteridine

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic aromatic heterocycle consisting of fused pyrimidine and pyrazine rings.


pyrindene

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric bicyclic heterocycles consisting of a cyclopentane ring fused to that of pyridine


quindoline

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle consisting of an indole ring fused to one of quinoline; an isomer of quinindoline


quinindoline

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle consisting of an indole ring fused to one of quinoline; an isomer of quindoline


polyphene

(organic chemistry) Any aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of fused benzene rings


tetraphene

(organic chemistry) The angular polyphene composed of a benzene ring fused to anthracene; isomeric with tetracene


thiirene

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated three-membered heterocycle containing two carbon atoms, one sulfur atom and a double bond.


thioxanthene

(organic chemistry) The tricyclic heterocycle (sulfur analogue of xanthene) consisting of two benzene rings fused to that of thiopyran


thromboxane

(organic chemistry, medicine) Any of a number of eicosanoids, related to prostaglandin, that have a role in the clotting of blood


trifuran

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing three furan rings


aldotrionic acid

aldotrionic acid (plural aldotrionic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having three carbon atoms in its chain


aldotetronic acid

aldotetronic acid (plural aldotetronic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having four carbon atoms in its chain


aldopentonic acid

aldopentonic acid (plural aldopentonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having five carbon atoms in its chain


aldohexonic acid

aldohexonic acid (plural aldohexonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having six carbon atoms in its chain


aldoheptonic acid

aldoheptonic acid (plural aldoheptonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having seven carbon atoms in its chain


aldonate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of an aldonic acid


allomucic acid

(organic chemistry) An isomer of mucic acid.


allopyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside of allopyranose


altraric acid

(organic chemistry) The aldaric acid derived from altrose


arabinitol

(organic chemistry) The sugar alcohol (2R,4R)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol


arabinitol

(organic chemistry) arabinitol (a sugar alcohol)


altropyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside of altropyranose


arabinofuranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside of arabinofuranose


arabinopyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside of arabinopyranose


arabinonate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of arabinoic acid


arabinoic acid

(organic chemistry) The aldonic acid derived from arabinose


bisphosphate

(organic chemistry) A diphosphate, especially a compound with two phosphate groups attached to a sugar residue


deoxyriboside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from deoxyribose


deoxythymidine

deoxythymidine (countable and uncountable, plural deoxythymidines)


dianhydride

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two anhydride groups


dihydrazone

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two hydrazone groups


dihydroanthracene

(organic chemistry) The tricyclic hydrocarbon, consisting of two benzene rings connected by two methylene group bridges, formed by reduction of anthracene


dilactone

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two lactone groups


disubstituted

(organic chemistry) Having two substituents


erythraric acid

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) mesotartaric acid


nitro sugar

(organic chemistry) Any nitro derivative of a saccharide


galactarate

From galactaric acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

af

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of galactaric acid


glucal

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) glucal


saccharic acid

(organic chemistry) The aldaric acid derived from glucose


gluconate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of gluconic acid


glucuronate

From glucuronic + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of glucuronic acid


glucuronic acid

(organic chemistry) A uronic acid derived from glucose.

glucuronate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


iduronic acid

(organic chemistry) A uronic acid that is a component of the glycosaminoglycan heparin


lyxopyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from lyxopyranose


ribofuranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from ribofuranose.


ribopyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from ribopyranose


threofuranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from threofuranose


xylofuranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from xylofuranose.


xylopyranoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside derived from xylopyranose.


talopyranose

(organic chemistry) The pyranose form of talose


mannonate

From mannonic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of mannonic acid.


salmin

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of salmine


methanesulfonate

methanesulfonic acid
methanesulfonic acid

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of methanesulfonic acid; a mesylate


methanesulfonic acid

en-noun

methanesulfonic acid (plural methanesulfonic acids)

(organic chemistry) The simplest organic sulfonic acid CH₃SO₂OH


monocarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Having a single carboxyl or carboxylic acid group


mutarotation

mutarotation (countable and uncountable, plural mutarotations)

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry) A dynamic change in the rotation of polarized light as it passes through a fresh solution of some sugars as an equilibrium mixture of anomers is formed

mutarotazione

a dynamic change in the rotation of polarized light


neoglycoprotein

(organic chemistry) Any synthetic or modified glycoprotein


pentaacetate

(organic chemistry) Any compound, but especially a derivative of a sugar, that has five acetate groups


pentonate

From pentonic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of a pentonic acid.


phenylhydrazone

phenylhydrazone (countable and uncountable, plural phenylhydrazones)

(organic chemistry) The hydrazone derivative of benzaldehyde; it is used in the analysis of sugars.


phenylosazone

(organic chemistry) Any osazone derived from phenylhydrazine and a sugar


phosphinite

(organic chemistry) Any organophosphorus compound of general formula P(OR)R₂


polyuronide

(organic chemistry) Any polysaccharide consisting of uronic acid residues, with or without other monosaccharides.


pregnanediol

pregnanediol (countable and uncountable, plural pregnanediols)

(organic chemistry) A steroid formed by the metabolism of progesterone; it is excreted in the urine of pregnant women.


pyranoid

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or having the structure of a pyranose


radicofunctional

(organic chemistry) Describing the name of an organic compound that has two parts, the first describing the alkyl, aryl or derived group, and the second describing the functional group: e.g. methyl alcohol.


quercetin

quercetin (countable and uncountable, plural quercetins)

Quercetin has gained the attention of the supplement industry, and is now widely promoted as a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant magic bullet.

2003, David Hoffmann, Medical Herbalism: The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine, page 104:

The one daily supplement that often reduces allergic symptoms across the board is the phytonutrient quercetin, a chemical compound known as a bioflavonoid and found in plants.

2005, James Braly, Patrick Holford, Hidden Food Allergies, page 101:

In plasma, quercetin mostly exists as glucuronated, sulfated, and/or methylated quercetin conjugates.

2014, Masuko Kobori, “14: Dietary Quercetin and other Polyphenols: Attenuation of Obesity”, in Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R. Preedy, Sherma Zibadi, editors, Polyphenols in Human Health and Disease, volume 1, page 168:

One study, for example, found that eating a diet rich in quercetin, found in green tea, broccoli and red wine, might help protect against lung cancer, especially in heavy smokers.

2015 August 1, Marta Zaraska, “Bitter truth”, in New Scientist, number 3032, page 27:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A flavonol found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves and grains.


flavonol

(organic chemistry) Any of several flavonoids that have a 3-hydroxyflavone backbone.


semisystematic

(organic chemistry) Describing a name, part of which is systematic and part of which is trivial


sinigrin

From the species name Sinapis nigra + -in.

When these larvae are transferred to an artificial diet lacking sinigrin, they refuse to eat and, in fact prefer to die rather than accept food lacking what has become an essential attractant.

1993, J. B. Harborne, Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry, 4th edition, page 139:

He also found that pea leaf powder treated with sinigrin gave no significantly different feeding response when compared with the effect of introducing normal leaf powder into the diet.

2012, John Feltwell, Large White Butterfly: the biology, biochemistry and physiology of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus), page 129:

In black mustard plants, individuals producing higher levels of the phytochemical sinigrin, a compound that reduces fungal densities in the soil, are good competitors against other species that rely on soil fungi for nutrient acquisition.

2013, “III.15: Adaptation to the Biotic Environment”, in David A. Baum, Douglas J. Futuyma, Hopi E. Hoekstra, Richard E. Lenski, Allen J. Moore, Cahterine L. Peichel, Dolph Schluter, Michael C. Whitlock, editors, The Princeton Guide to Evolution, page 302:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A glycosinolate glycoside found in many brassicas and related plants which is toxic in large quantities and responsible for the pungent bite of horseradish and hot mustard.


thioglycoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside in which a hydroxyl group of a sugar is replaced by a sulfide (-SR) group


trisphosphate

(organic chemistry) Any compound having three phosphate groups, but especially such a sugar derivative


unacetylated

(organic chemistry, especially of a sugar) Not acetylated


acylglycerol

(organic chemistry) Any ester of glycerol; glyceride


glycolaldehyde

glycolaldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural glycolaldehydes)

(organic chemistry) The hydroxyaldehyde HO-CH₂-CHO related to ethylene glycol; the only biose


butyryl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical C₃H₇COO- derived from butyric acid.


cardiolipin

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid having the structure of a bisphosphatidylglycerol present in the muscles of the heart

cardiolipina

any phospholipid having the structure of a bisphosphatidylglycerol present in the muscles of the heart


cholesteryl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from cholesterol.


deacyl

en-adj

deacyl (comparative more deacyl, superlative most deacyl)

more deacyl (comparative)
most deacyl (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a compound from which one or more acyl groups has been removed


deacylation

PC remodeling takes place through deacylation and reacylation processes that is defined as the Lands cycle [12 ].

2015 December 19, “Molecular Characterization of Two Lysophospholipid:acyl-CoA Acyltransferases Belonging to the MBOAT Family in Nicotiana benthamiana”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The removal of one or more acyl groups from a compound.


decanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from decanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


heptanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from heptanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


hexanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from hexanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group; caproyl


hexanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Synonym of caproic acid


caproyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from caproic acid by loss of the hydroxy group; hexanoyl


lauroyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from lauric acid by loss of the hydroxy group


linoleoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from linoleic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


myristoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from myristic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


nonanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from nonanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group; pelargonoyl


pelargonoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from pelargonic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


octanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from octanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group; capryloyl


capryloyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from caprylic acid by loss of the hydroxy group; octanoyl


palmitoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from palmitic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


propionyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from propionic acid by loss of the hydroxy group.


sialosyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from sialic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


stearoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from stearic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


undecanoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from undecanoic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


undecanoic acid

saturated fatty acid
saturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid having 11 carbon atoms - CH₃(CH₂)₉COOH


triacyl

(uncountable, organic chemistry, especially in combination) Three acyl groups in a compound


monoacyl

(uncountable, organic chemistry, especially in combination) A single acyl group in a compound


difucosyl

(uncountable, organic chemistry, especially in combination) Two fucosyl groups in a compound


fucosyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from fucose


dipalmitoyl

(uncountable, organic chemistry, especially in combination) Two palmitoyl groups in a compound


monoglycosyl

(uncountable, organic chemistry, especially in combination) A single glycosyl group in a compound


dihydrosphingosine

en-noun

dihydrosphingosine (countable and uncountable, plural dihydrosphingosines)


sphinganine

sphinganine (countable and uncountable, plural sphinganines)

(organic chemistry) The aminodiol 2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol that is a component of the sphingolipids; any homologous compound that has other than 18 carbon atoms


dihydroxyacetone

dihydroxyacetone (countable and uncountable, plural dihydroxyacetones)

(organic chemistry) The compound CO(CH₂OH)₂ that has a number of industrial uses


diphosphoinositide

(organic chemistry) Any phosphate of phosphatidylinositol


triphosphoinositide

(organic chemistry) Any bisphosphate of phosphatidylinositol


dodecanol

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic alcohol derived from a dodecane; but especially lauryl alcohol


glyceroketone

(obsolete, organic chemistry) dihydroxyacetone


glycerophosphate

But most likely my judgement was distorted by my contempt for his acting the young buck [...] for ever waxing his moustaches and loading himself with medicaments supposed to replace the failing sap of youth, glycerophosphates, formates, nux vomica, yohimba, damiana.

1963, Xavier Herbert, Distubing Element, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 178:

glycerophosphoric acid
glycerophosphoric acid

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of glycerophosphoric acid; but especially the phospholipids.


glycerophosphoric acid

glycerophosphoric acid (plural glycerophosphoric acids)

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric acids that are esters of glycerol and phosphoric acid; their derivatives are the phospholipids


glycerophosphocholine

(organic chemistry) The choline ester of glycerophosphoric acid


glycerophosphoethanolamine

(organic chemistry) The ethanolamine ester of glycerophosphoric acid


glycerophospholipid

glycerophospholipids (plural)
glycerolphospholipid (alternative)

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid based on glycerol.


glycoglycerolipid

(organic chemistry) Any glycolipid containing at least one sugar residue linked directly to the glycerol moiety


glycosylceramide

(organic chemistry) Any glycosyl derivative of a ceramide


glycosylsphingolipid

(organic chemistry) Any sphingolipid containing at least one monosaccharide residue


hexadecanol

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic alcohol derived from hexadecane, but especially cetyl alcohol


cetyl alcohol

(organic chemistry) The waxy aliphatic primary alcohol 1-hexadecanol, used in cosmetics etc.


inositolphospholipid

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid containing inositol; phosphatidylinositol


lysophosphatidylethanolamine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine in which one or both acyl derivatives have been removed by hydrolysis


lysophospholipid

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a phospholipid in which one of the acyl derivatives has been removed by hydrolysis


lysophosphatidylcholine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of phosphatidylcholine in which one or both acyl derivatives have been removed by hydrolysis


lysophosphatidylinositol

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which one or both acyl derivatives have been removed by hydrolysis


lysophosphatidylserine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of phosphatidylserine in which one or both acyl derivatives have been removed by hydrolysis


nervonic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid tetracosa-9-enoic acid that is a constituent of cerebrosides such as nervon


palmitoleic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 16 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in the adipose tissue of all animals.


phosphocholine

(organic chemistry) The choline ester of phosphoric acid


phosphoethanolamine

(organic chemistry) The ethanolamine ester of phosphoric acid


phosphoglycerol

phosphoglycerol (countable and uncountable, plural phosphoglycerols)

(organic chemistry) The glycerol ester of phosphoric acid that is a component of phospholipids


phosphoinositide

(organic chemistry) The inositol ester of phosphoric acid that is a component of phosphatidylinositols


phytosphingosine

phytosphingosine (countable and uncountable, plural phytosphingosines)

(organic chemistry) dihydrosphingosine (and related compounds)


plasmalogen

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of phospholipids, found in cell membranes, in which one of the fatty acids is replaced by an aldehyde (connected to the glycerol with an unsaturated ether linkage)


triester

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing three ester groups, but especially a triglyceride


acyloxy

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical R-COO-, derived from a carboxylic acid


allocholane

(organic chemistry) The isomer of cholane 5α-cholane


bufanolide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of toxic steroid lactones originally found in certain toads


campestanol

(organic chemistry) The plant sterol 24-methyl-5 a-cholestan-3 β-ol


carbocycle

(organic chemistry) The system of hydrocarbon rings in a specific class of compounds.


cardanolide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of steroid lactones that, as plant glycosides, are toxic


cardenolide

(organic chemistry) Any of many steroid lactones present in plants as glycosides; they are all toxic, affecting the heart


cholestane

(organic chemistry) The tetracyclic hydrocarbon precursor of most steroids, such as cholesterol.


cholane

(organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon having a 4-pentane sidechain instead of the normal cholestane sidechain


cholic

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). By surface analysis, chol(e) + -ic.

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to cholic acid or its derivatives.


conanine

(organic chemistry) A steroid alkaloid derived from pregnane


cucurbitane

cucurbitane (countable and uncountable, plural cucurbitanes)

(organic chemistry) An isomer of lanostane


lanostane

(organic chemistry) The steroid hydrocarbon 4,4,14-trimethyl-5α-cholestane


digitaloid

(organic chemistry) Describing the toxic glycosides related to digitoxin


digitoxin

digitoxin (countable and uncountable, plural digitoxins)

(organic chemistry) A toxic cardiac glycoside, obtained from digitalis, related to cardenolide.


epicortisol

(organic chemistry) An isomer of cortisol


ergostane

(organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon that is the basis of many natural products


estrane

estranes (plural)
oestrane (alternative)

(American spelling, organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon that is the basis of several female hormones


etherify

en-verb

etherify (third-person singular simple present etherifies, present participle etherifying, simple past and past participle etherified)

etherifies (present singular third-person)
etherifying (participle present)
etherified (participle past)
etherified (past)

(organic chemistry) To convert (an alcohol etc.) into an ether.


etianic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of steroid carboxylic acids related to 5β-androstane-17-β-carboxylic acid


absintina

(organic chemistry) absinthin (principal compound found in wormwood)


acetona

(organic chemistry) acetone (the organic compound (CH₃)₂CO)


gonane

(organic chemistry) The underlying tetracyclic hydrocarbon of steroids without any alkyl sidechains


isoxazoline

(organic chemistry) A five-membered unsaturated heterocycle containing three carbon atoms, one nitrogen and oxygen atoms (adjacent) and a carbon-nitrogen double bond


lactonized

(organic chemistry, of a hydroxy carboxylic acid) Converted into a lactone by internal condensation


lanosterol

(organic chemistry) A triterpenoid sterol found in lanolin


lithocholic acid

(organic chemistry) The bile acid 3α-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid, which acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption


monohydric

(organic chemistry) Having a single hydroxy group


norpregnane

(organic chemistry) A derivative of pregnane with a shorter sidechain


oxathiolane

(organic chemistry) A five-membered saturated heterocycle having a three carbon atoms, one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom


oxirane

(organic chemistry) A three-membered heterocycle having two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom; ethylene oxide


pregnane

(organic chemistry) The parent hydrocarbon for a range of steroids including the progesterones


pregnene

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of pregnane having a double bond in the A-ring


pregnadiene

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of pregnane having double bonds in both the A- and B-rings


protostane

(organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon tetramethyl-nor-cholestane that is a precursor of many triterpenoids and other steroids


rubijervine

(organic chemistry) A toxic plant steroid derived from solanidanine


sapogenin

(organic chemistry) The steroid constituent of the glycoside saponin


secosteroid

(organic chemistry) Any of the subclass of many terpenoid compounds of the tetracyclic steroid class that are structural relatives bearing a cleavage of one of the four rings of that parent class. The prototypical secosteroid is cholecalciferol, vitamin D3.


smilagenin

(organic chemistry) A derivative of sapogenin that is used medically to treat cognitive dysfunction


stigmastane

(organic chemistry) The steroid hydrocarbon that is the parent compound of sitosterol


sitosterol

(organic chemistry) Any of a range of plant sterols used to prepare steroid hormones.


strophanthidin

(organic chemistry) A cardenolide found in species of the genus Strophanthus.


tigogenin

(organic chemistry) A steroid saponin found in fenugreek.


tirucallane

en-noun

tirucallane (usually uncountable, plural tirucallanes)

(organic chemistry) A triterpenoid saponin found in euphorbia and other plants


veratramine

(organic chemistry) A teratogenic steroid alkaloid found in plants of the genus Veratrum


deuterochloroform

(organic chemistry) A deuterated form of chloroform that is used as a solvent in NMR spectroscopy


hexamethylbenzene

(organic chemistry) An alkyl derivative of benzene in which every hydrogen atom has been replaced by a methyl group


homonuclear

(organic chemistry, of a reaction etc) Taking place within the same ring of a compound.


silapentane

(organic chemistry) Any of several compound in which one or more carbon atoms of pentane have been replaced by silicon


tetramethylsilane

tetramethylsilane (countable and uncountable, plural tetramethylsilanes)

(organic chemistry) The organosilicon compound Si(CH₃)₄ that has several industrial applications and is used as a reference standard in NMR spectroscopy.


trimethylsilyl

These arise through re-addition of the initially formed palladium hydride and subsequent antielimination of the trimethylsilyl and palladium moieties.

1995, Alan Roy Katritzky, Otto Meth-Cohn, Stanley Michael Roberts, Comprehensive organic functional group transformations, page 490:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The organosilicon radical (CH₃)₃Si-


polyoctenamer

(organic chemistry) A cyclic polymer of octyne cyclo[poly(oct-1-ene-1,8-diyl)] that is used to make a synthetic rubber


TBHQ

Initialism of tert-butylhydroquinone or of tertiary butylhydroquinone.

(organic chemistry) A particular preservative of fats and oils, used in food.


glutaraldehyde

From glutar- + aldehyde; compare glutaric acid, glutaryl, glutarate.

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic dialdehyde pentane-1,5-dial, a toxic liquid with a pungent odor.


薄荷醇

ㄅㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄔㄨㄣˊ

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xə¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xə¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/


水楊酸

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄧㄤˊ ㄙㄨㄢ

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵ su̯än⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jœːŋ²¹ syːn⁵⁵/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵ su̯än⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jœːŋ²¹ syːn⁵⁵/


苯酚

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ fən⁵⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ fən⁵⁵/

(organic chemistry) phenol (caustic compound derived from benzene)


hexacosane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 26 carbon atoms, but especially n-hexacosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₄CH₃


octacosane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 28 carbon atoms, but especially n-octacosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₆CH₃


undecane

(organic chemistry) Any of many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 11 carbon atoms, but especially n-undecane CH₃(CH₂)₉CH₃


biaryl

Copper is the most ancient transition metal used for the synthesis of biaryls and it is still employed nowadays. This part will deal with recent developments in aryl-aryl bond formation using copper derivatives as reagents or catalysts.

2002, J Hassan, M Se ́vignon, C Gozzi, E Schulz & M Lemaire* (2002) "Aryl−Aryl Bond Formation One Century after the Discovery of the Ullmann Reaction," Chem. Rev. 102:1359−1469, esp. 1362

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing a substructure that is an assembly of two aromatic rings or aryl groups, if joined by a single bond.


biaryl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Of or pertaining to a compound containing an assembly or substructure of two aromatic rings or aryl groups, if joined by a single bond.


heteroaryl

(organic chemistry) Both heterocyclic and aromatic; heteroaromatic


phane

Generalized from the suffix in cyclophane. Ultimately from Ancient Greek -φανής (-phanḗs), from φαίνω (phaínō, “to shine”).

(organic chemistry) Any of several substructures of a more complex molecule.


alkylmercury

(organic chemistry) Describing any alkyl organomercury compound


azoalkane

(organic chemistry) Any simple alkyl azo compound


bullvalene

from the nickname of one the scientists who predicted its properties in 1963 and the underlying concept of valence tautomerism, William "Bull" Doering. Chosen to rhyme with fulvalene.

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic hydrocarbon whose structure is constantly changing between 1,209,600 possible tautomers


protecting group

protecting group (plural protecting groups)

(organic chemistry) Any chemical entity that is temporarily reacted with a functional group so as to protect it from a subsequent reaction


diradical

(organic chemistry) A free radical having a two unpaired electrons


synthone

(organic chemistry) Any key intermediate product that, one synthesized, may be used to synthesize a range of other compounds.


functionalize

en-verb

functionalize (third-person singular simple present functionalizes, present participle functionalizing, simple past and past participle functionalized)

functionalizes (present singular third-person)
functionalizing (participle present)
functionalized (participle past)
functionalized (past)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To add a functional group to (a compound).


electrocyclization

(organic chemistry) an electrocyclic reaction


electrocyclic

(organic chemistry) Describing a molecular rearrangement in which a covalent single bond is formed between the ends of a fully conjugated system resulting in a cyclic compound with one fewer double bonds


triradical

(organic chemistry) A free radical having a three unpaired electrons


photodecarbonylation

(organic chemistry) Any photoinduced reaction that leads to the removal of a carbonyl group as carbon monoxide


photodecarboxylation

(organic chemistry) Any photoinduced reaction that leads to the removal of a carboxyl group as carbon dioxide


phototautomerization

(organic chemistry) A form of photoisomerization leading to the formation of a tautomer.


photoremovable

en-adj

photoremovable (comparative more photoremovable, superlative most photoremovable)

more photoremovable (comparative)
most photoremovable (superlative)

(organic chemistry, of a protecting group) That can be photoreleased


pyramidalized

pyramidalized (comparative more pyramidalized, superlative most pyramidalized)

more pyramidalized (comparative)
most pyramidalized (superlative)

(organic chemistry) distorted towards a tetrahedral molecular geometry.


succinimide

(organic chemistry) The cyclic imide of succinic acid.


tricyclo

(organic chemistry, in combination) Describing a molecular structure having three rings (either fused, or having a common bridgehead atom)


antimonin

(organic chemistry) An organometallic heterocyclic compound formally derived from benzene by substituting one carbon and hydrogen atom with antimony.


brevetoxin

From dinoflagellate species Karenia brevis + toxin.

neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
neurotoxic shellfish poisoning

(organic chemistry, toxicology) Any of a class of complex polycyclic polyethers that cause neurotoxic shellfish poisoning


BPA

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of bisphenol A.


BPA

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of bisphénol A — BPA


bisphenol A

(organic chemistry) An industrial chemical compound diphenol 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2-diphenylpropane (C₁₅H₁₆O₂) that is a component especially of hard plastics (such as polycarbonate) and epoxy resins.


MBT

en-noun

MBT (countable and uncountable, plural MBTs)

(organic chemistry) Initialism of mercaptobenzothiazole (a chemical used in the vulcanization of rubber).

mercaptobenzothiazole

(organic chemistry) Initialism of methylbutenethiol.


asyyli

asyyli (nominative singular)
asyylit (nominative plural)
asyyli (accusative nominative singular)
asyylit (accusative nominative plural)
asyylin (accusative genitive singular)
asyylit (accusative genitive plural)
asyylin (genitive singular)
asyylien (genitive plural)
asyyleiden (genitive plural)
asyyleitten (genitive plural)
asyylia (partitive singular)
asyyleita (partitive plural)
asyyleja (partitive plural)
asyylissa (inessive singular)
asyyleissa (inessive plural)
asyylista (elative singular)
asyyleista (elative plural)
asyyliin (illative singular)
asyyleihin (illative plural)
asyylilla (adessive singular)
asyyleilla (adessive plural)
asyylilta (ablative singular)
asyyleilta (ablative plural)
asyylille (allative singular)
asyyleille (allative plural)
asyylina (essive singular)
asyyleina (essive plural)
asyyliksi (singular translative)
asyyleiksi (plural translative)
asyylitta (abessive singular)
asyyleitta (abessive plural)
asyylein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
asyylini (nominative singular)
asyylini (nominative plural)
asyylini (accusative nominative singular)
asyylini (accusative nominative plural)
asyylini (accusative genitive singular)
asyylini (accusative genitive plural)
asyylini (genitive singular)
asyylieni (genitive plural)
asyyleideni (genitive plural)
asyyleitteni (genitive plural)
asyyliani (partitive singular)
asyyleitani (partitive plural)
asyylejani (partitive plural)
asyylissani (inessive singular)
asyyleissani (inessive plural)
asyylistani (elative singular)
asyyleistani (elative plural)
asyyliini (illative singular)
asyyleihini (illative plural)
asyylillani (adessive singular)
asyyleillani (adessive plural)
asyyliltani (ablative singular)
asyyleiltani (ablative plural)
asyylilleni (allative singular)
asyyleilleni (allative plural)
asyylinani (essive singular)
asyyleinani (essive plural)
asyylikseni (singular translative)
asyyleikseni (plural translative)
asyylittani (abessive singular)
asyyleittani (abessive plural)
asyyleineni (comitative plural)
asyylisi (nominative singular)
asyylisi (nominative plural)
asyylisi (accusative nominative singular)
asyylisi (accusative nominative plural)
asyylisi (accusative genitive singular)
asyylisi (accusative genitive plural)
asyylisi (genitive singular)
asyyliesi (genitive plural)
asyyleidesi (genitive plural)
asyyleittesi (genitive plural)
asyyliasi (partitive singular)
asyyleitasi (partitive plural)
asyylejasi (partitive plural)
asyylissasi (inessive singular)
asyyleissasi (inessive plural)
asyylistasi (elative singular)
asyyleistasi (elative plural)
asyyliisi (illative singular)
asyyleihisi (illative plural)
asyylillasi (adessive singular)
asyyleillasi (adessive plural)
asyyliltasi (ablative singular)
asyyleiltasi (ablative plural)
asyylillesi (allative singular)
asyyleillesi (allative plural)
asyylinasi (essive singular)
asyyleinasi (essive plural)
asyyliksesi (singular translative)
asyyleiksesi (plural translative)
asyylittasi (abessive singular)
asyyleittasi (abessive plural)
asyyleinesi (comitative plural)
asyylimme (nominative singular)
asyylimme (nominative plural)
asyylimme (accusative nominative singular)
asyylimme (accusative nominative plural)
asyylimme (accusative genitive singular)
asyylimme (accusative genitive plural)
asyylimme (genitive singular)
asyyliemme (genitive plural)
asyyleidemme (genitive plural)
asyyleittemme (genitive plural)
asyyliamme (partitive singular)
asyyleitamme (partitive plural)
asyylejamme (partitive plural)
asyylissamme (inessive singular)
asyyleissamme (inessive plural)
asyylistamme (elative singular)
asyyleistamme (elative plural)
asyyliimme (illative singular)
asyyleihimme (illative plural)
asyylillamme (adessive singular)
asyyleillamme (adessive plural)
asyyliltamme (ablative singular)
asyyleiltamme (ablative plural)
asyylillemme (allative singular)
asyyleillemme (allative plural)
asyylinamme (essive singular)
asyyleinamme (essive plural)
asyyliksemme (singular translative)
asyyleiksemme (plural translative)
asyylittamme (abessive singular)
asyyleittamme (abessive plural)
asyyleinemme (comitative plural)
asyylinne (nominative singular)
asyylinne (nominative plural)
asyylinne (accusative nominative singular)
asyylinne (accusative nominative plural)
asyylinne (accusative genitive singular)
asyylinne (accusative genitive plural)
asyylinne (genitive singular)
asyylienne (genitive plural)
asyyleidenne (genitive plural)
asyyleittenne (genitive plural)
asyylianne (partitive singular)
asyyleitanne (partitive plural)
asyylejanne (partitive plural)
asyylissanne (inessive singular)
asyyleissanne (inessive plural)
asyylistanne (elative singular)
asyyleistanne (elative plural)
asyyliinne (illative singular)
asyyleihinne (illative plural)
asyylillanne (adessive singular)
asyyleillanne (adessive plural)
asyyliltanne (ablative singular)
asyyleiltanne (ablative plural)
asyylillenne (allative singular)
asyyleillenne (allative plural)
asyylinanne (essive singular)
asyyleinanne (essive plural)
asyyliksenne (singular translative)
asyyleiksenne (plural translative)
asyylittanne (abessive singular)
asyyleittanne (abessive plural)
asyyleinenne (comitative plural)
asyylinsa (nominative singular)
asyylinsa (nominative plural)
asyylinsa (accusative nominative singular)
asyylinsa (accusative nominative plural)
asyylinsa (accusative genitive singular)
asyylinsa (accusative genitive plural)
asyylinsa (genitive singular)
asyyliensa (genitive plural)
asyyleidensa (genitive plural)
asyyleittensa (genitive plural)
asyyliaan (partitive singular)
asyyliansa (partitive singular)
asyyleitaan (partitive plural)
asyylejaan (partitive plural)
asyyleitansa (partitive plural)
asyylejansa (partitive plural)
asyylissaan (inessive singular)
asyylissansa (inessive singular)
asyyleissaan (inessive plural)
asyyleissansa (inessive plural)
asyylistaan (elative singular)
asyylistansa (elative singular)
asyyleistaan (elative plural)
asyyleistansa (elative plural)
asyyliinsa (illative singular)
asyyleihinsa (illative plural)
asyylillaan (adessive singular)
asyylillansa (adessive singular)
asyyleillaan (adessive plural)
asyyleillansa (adessive plural)
asyyliltaan (ablative singular)
asyyliltansa (ablative singular)
asyyleiltaan (ablative plural)
asyyleiltansa (ablative plural)
asyylilleen (allative singular)
asyylillensa (allative singular)
asyyleilleen (allative plural)
asyyleillensa (allative plural)
asyylinaan (essive singular)
asyylinansa (essive singular)
asyyleinaan (essive plural)
asyyleinansa (essive plural)
asyylikseen (singular translative)
asyyliksensa (singular translative)
asyyleikseen (plural translative)
asyyleiksensa (plural translative)
asyylittaan (abessive singular)
asyylittansa (abessive singular)
asyyleittaan (abessive plural)
asyyleittansa (abessive plural)
asyyleineen (comitative plural)
asyyleinensa (comitative plural)


PLA

2016. Wang Y, Qu W, Choi SH. "FDA;s Regulatory Science Program for Generic PLA/PLGA-Based Drug Products", American Pharmaceutical Review, 19(4):14.
There are currently 15 FDA-approved PLA/PLGA-based drug products available on the US market (Table 1).

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polylactic acid.


PTFE

PTFE (countable and uncountable, plural PTFEs)

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polytetrafluoroethylene.


PVDC

polyvinylidene chloride
polyvinylidene chloride#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polyvinylidene chloride.


artemisinin

artemisinin (countable and uncountable, plural artemisinins)

Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) isolated from Artemisia annua is a novel sesquiterpene lactone bearing an unusual endoperoxide function.

1994 May, Mankil Jung, “Current Developments in the Chemistry of Artemisinin and Related Compounds”, in Current Medicinal Chemistry, page 35:

The practical value of artemisinin itself as a therapeutic agent has been limited by several factors, however. Artemisinin has a high rate of recrudescence [8], poor oral activity [8], a short half-life in plasma [9], and limited solubility in both water and oil [10].

1998, Dee Ann Casteel, “Synthesis of Simple Bridged Bicyclic Trioxanes as Analogs of the Antimalarial Natural Product, Atemisinin”, in Attaur Rahman, editor, New Trends in Natural Product, page 30:

The emerging resistance to artemisinin is partly due to the complexity of the parasite and the unstoppable nature of its ability to evolve. But it is also the direct result of greed, for which there is no drug or vaccine.
In early 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the discovery of malaria parasites along the Thai-Cambodia border that were proving resistant to commonly used derivatives of artemisinin called artesunate and anthemeter.

2010, Bill Shore, The Imaginations of Unreasonable Men, page 222:

Artemisia annua
Artemisia annua#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial drug derived from the sweet wormwood shrub, Artemisia annua, found as the active ingredient in traditional Chinese medical herbal treatment for malaria, chemically a sesquiterpene lactone - C₁₅H₂₂O₅.


APEX

acetone peroxide
acetone peroxide#English

(organic chemistry) Short for acetone peroxide.


(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethanoic acid, as acetic acid


C₂H₆

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethane


C₂H₄

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethene


C₂H₂

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethyne


dimercaprol

(organic chemistry) The mercaptan 2,3-dimercaptopropanol used as an antidote to arsenic poisoning.


dimercaprol

(organic chemistry) dimercaprol (the mercaptan 2,3-dimercaptopropanol used as an antidote to arsenic poisoning)


nedocromil

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A medication used to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma.


isocoumarin

(organic chemistry) An isomer of coumarin in which the orientation of the lactone is reversed


octanol

(organic chemistry) Any of many isomers of the saturated aliphatic alcohol having eight carbon atoms, but especially the simple primary alcohol n-octanol; its esters are used in perfumery


patulin

patulin (countable and uncountable, plural patulins)

(organic chemistry) A mycotoxin, 2-hydroxy-3,7-dioxabicyclo[4.3.0]nona-5,9-dien-8-one, produced by fungi associated with rotting fruit.


prostacyclin

(organic chemistry) A prostaglandin produced in the walls of blood vessels; it acts as a vasodilator and inhibits the aggregation of platelets


pyrrolizidine

/pɪɹəʊˈlɪzəˌdiːn/

/pɪɹəʊˈlɪzəˌdaɪn/

Generally the pyrrolizidine alkaloids exist in plants as N-oxides, as shown for monocrotaline and seneciphylline.

2010, Eric David Morgan, Biosynthesis in Insects, page 320:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of alkaloids, found in many plants, that are hepatotoxic.


thiouracil

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of heterocycles based on 2-thioxo-1H-pyrimidin-4-one; the parent compound interferes with the synthesis of thyroxine and is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism


tributyltin

(organic chemistry) The organic derivative of stannane tributylstannane

(organic chemistry) Any of many derivatives of this compound that are used as biocides


yessotoxin

yessotoxin (countable and uncountable, plural yessotoxins)

(organic chemistry) A toxin, produced by some dinoflagellates, that can accumulate in mollusks and subsequently cause food poisoning in humans.


polyisocyanurate

(organic chemistry) A form of polyurethane polymer, based on cyanuric acid, formed from a polyhydroxy alcohol and a diisocyanate; it forms foams that are used for thermal insulation


arylating

(organic chemistry) That inserts aryl groups into molecules.


ascorbate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of ascorbic acid.


hypoxanthine

hypoxanthine (countable and uncountable, plural hypoxanthines)

hypoxanthines (plural)
hypoxanthin (alternative)

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle, 3,7-dihydropurin-6-one, that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of uric acid.


transamidation

transamidation (countable and uncountable, plural transamidations)

(organic chemistry) The transferal of an amide group from one compound to another


hippurate

From hippuric acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of hippuric acid


hippuric acid

From hipp- + -uria + -ic + acid, named for the horse (as an archetype of the quadruped herbivores) by Justus von Liebig in 1829.

(organic chemistry) A benzoyl derivative of glycine; it occurs in urine, especially that of herbivores. Its potential as a biomarker in humans is being studied.


methylcellulose

methylcelluloses (plural)
methyl cellulose (alternative)

(organic chemistry) A white powdery substance, obtained by the methylation of cellulose, that swells in contact with water to form a gel; it has many industrial applications.


bioanalyzer

bioanalyzers (plural)
bioanalyser (alternative)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any of various devices used to analyze the nucleic acids, proteins, sugars etc. of a biological sample


halato-telechelic polymer

halato-telechelic polymer (plural halato-telechelic polymers)

(organic chemistry) Any polymer having repeat units that have stable ionizable end-groups such as carboxylate (anion) or quaternary ammonium (cation)


telechelic

en-adj

telechelic (comparative more telechelic, superlative most telechelic)

more telechelic (comparative)
most telechelic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing any polymer that has functional groups as its end-groups.


telechelic

(organic chemistry) Any polymer that has functional groups as its end-groups.


ionene

(organic chemistry) The aromatic hydrocarbon 4,4,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphthalene


polyaniline

(organic chemistry) An electrically conducting polymer of aniline


polybetaine

(organic chemistry) A polyampholyte whose repeat unit is derived from betaine


polythiophene

(organic chemistry) A polymer of thiophene that will conduct electricity under certain conditions


acetolactate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of acetolactic acid


acetolactic acid

en-noun

acetolactic acid (countable and uncountable, plural acetolactic acids)

(organic chemistry) The acetylated derivative of lactic acid 2-acetoxy-propanoic acid


amitrole

(organic chemistry) The heterocyclic amine 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole that is used as a nonselective systemic triazole herbicide on nonfood croplands


atrazine

atrazine (countable and uncountable, plural atrazines)

(organic chemistry) A triazine herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis


azafenidin

(organic chemistry) The triazolone herbicide 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-prop-2-ynyloxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3(2H)-one used against annual and perennial weeds.


triazolone

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic ketone containing three nitrogen atoms, one double bond and a carbonyl group


cyclodiene

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of chlorinated polycyclic insecticides derived from cyclopentadiene


pyrethroid

(organic chemistry) Any of several synthetic insecticides having a structure based on pyrethrin.


deconjugation

/diːˌkɒndʒəˈɡeɪʃən/

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that disrupts a system of conjugated double bonds leading to loss of conjugation

dekonjugálás

any reaction that disrupts a system of conjugated double bonds leading to loss of conjugation


dicamba

(organic chemistry) The herbicide 3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid used to control weeds in cereal crops


dieldrin

dieldrin (countable and uncountable, plural dieldrins)

persistent organic pollutant
persistent organic pollutant

(organic chemistry) A cyclodiene insecticide, related to aldrin, that is a persistent organic pollutant.


fipronil

They are vulnerable to some pest control poisons — Mr. Rasberry uses products containing the chemicals fipronil and chlorfenapyr — but given the ants’ staggering proliferation and environmental restrictions on the products, not enough of the chemicals can be put down to make a difference, Mr. Meyers said.

2008 May 16, Ralph Blumenthal, “A Pest Without a Name, Becoming Known to Ever More”, in The New York Times:

He thinks new classes of insecticides introduced in the last 20 years, including neonicotinoids and fipronil, have been particularly damaging as they are used routinely and persist in the environment: “They sterilise the soil, killing all the grubs.”

2019 February 10, Damian Carrington, “Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'”, in The Guardian:

central nervous system
central nervous system

(organic chemistry) A broad-spectrum insecticide, belonging to the phenylpyrazole family, that disrupts the insect's central nervous system.


glyoxalate

From glyoxalic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of glyoxalic acid.


imidacloprid

(organic chemistry) The very widely used neonicotinoid insecticide 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine, used both in agriculture and domestically (for instance to control fleas in domestic pets).


lindane

lindane (countable and uncountable, plural lindanes)

(organic chemistry) The organochlorine insecticide 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane


mirex

(organic chemistry) The pesticide and fire retardant perchloropentacyclodecane, which is a persistent organic pollutant.


oxazolidinedione

oxazolidinedione (countable and uncountable, plural oxazolidinediones)

(organic chemistry) A five-membered saturated heterocyclic ketone having one nitrogen atom, one oxygen atom and two carbonyl groups.


phytoene

(organic chemistry) An acyclic polyunsaturated isoprenoid hydrocarbon that is the precursor of the biosynthesis of carotenoid pigments


tetrazolinone

(organic chemistry) The five-membered, unsaturated heterocyclic ketone having four nitrogen atoms and one double bond opposite the carbonyl group

(organic chemistry) Any ketone derived from tetrazoline


thiocarbamate

(organic chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a carbamate by replacing an oxygen atom by one of sulfur


triazolinone

(organic chemistry) A five-membered unsaturated heterocyclic ketone having three nitrogen atoms, one double bond and a carbonyl group


triketone

(organic chemistry) Any ketone having three carbonyl groups


silyne

(organic chemistry) an organosilyne, a molecule containing a silicon atom triply bonded to a carbon atom


silene

(organic chemistry) an organosilene, a molecule containing a silicon atom doubly bonded to a carbon atom


dicysteine

(organic chemistry) The dimer of cysteine; cystine


proteinomimetic

(organic chemistry) Any relatively small molecule, especially a peptide that mimics some characteristic of a protein


acetalization

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that yields an acetal.


chloromethylation

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that introduces a chloromethyl group into a compound


compatibilizer

(organic chemistry) Any substance used to stabilize blends of immiscible polymers


macromonomer

(organic chemistry) Any polymer or oligomer that has a functional group that can take part in further polymerization.


macroradical

(organic chemistry) Any macromolecule that is also a free radical


nonprotected

(organic chemistry) Having no protecting group


oxyethylene

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) ethylene oxide, oxirane


prepolymer

(organic chemistry) Any oligomer or other macromolecule that is capable of further polymerization.


trimethylsilylation

(organic chemistry) The addition of one or more trimethylsilyl groups to a molecule.


triphase catalyst

triphase catalyst (plural triphase catalysts)

phase-transfer catalyst
phase-transfer catalyst

(organic chemistry) A solid phase-transfer catalyst, often in the form of beads, that catalyzes a reaction between a liquid and a gas


azoxybenzene

azoxybenzene (countable and uncountable, plural azoxybenzenes)

(organic chemistry) The azoxy compound C₆H₅-N=N(O)-C₆H₅


deazapurine

(organic chemistry) Any of several bicyclic heterocycles formally derived from purine by replacing a nitrogen atom with one of carbon.


furyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from furan


leucocyanide

(organic chemistry) Any of various colourless cyanide compounds that are readily converted to coloured forms, most often by exposure to light.


valerophenone

(organic chemistry) The ketone 1-phenyl-1-pentanone that is used in photochemistry


ISA

ISA (countable and uncountable, plural ISAs)

isosaccharinic acid
isosaccharinic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of isosaccharinic acid.


ισοπεντάνιο

head

ισοπεντάνιο • (isopentánio) n (uncountable)

isopentánio (romanization)
ισοπεντάνιο (nominative singular)
ισοπεντανίου (genitive singular)
ισοπεντάνιο (accusative singular)
ισοπεντάνιο (singular vocative)

el-decl-noun-unc

ισοπεντανίου


νεοπεντάνιο

head

νεοπεντάνιο • (neopentánio) n (uncountable)

neopentánio (romanization)
νεοπεντάνιο (nominative singular)
νεοπεντανίου (genitive singular)
νεοπεντάνιο (accusative singular)
νεοπεντάνιο (singular vocative)

el-decl-noun-unc

νεοπεντανίου

(organic chemistry) neopentane, dimethylpropane


ισοβουτάνιο

head

ισοβουτάνιο • (isovoutánio) n (uncountable)

isovoutánio (romanization)
ισοβουτάνιο (nominative singular)
ισοβουτανίου (genitive singular)
ισοβουτάνιο (accusative singular)
ισοβουτάνιο (singular vocative)

el-decl-noun-unc

ισοβουτανίου


trimethylation

(organic chemistry) The addition of three methyl groups, especially to an amine of a chromatin.


alkanoate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester formed from the reaction of an alkanoic acid and alkanol

alkanoat

any salt or ester from an alkanoic acid and an alkanol


alkanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic carboxylic acid.


fullerane

(organic chemistry) Any fully saturated fullerene


heterofullerene

(organic chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a fullerene by replacing one or more carbon atom by a heteroatom


cucurbituril

From cucurbit, due to the resemblance between the molecular structure and the appearance of a pumpkin.

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of macrocyclic molecules consisting of glycoluril repeat units.


amplificant

(organic chemistry) Any cyclic hydrocarbon that replaces a superatom in the amplification process of phane nomenclature


carbothioamide

(organic chemistry, in combination) The univalent radical derived from the carbon atom of a thioamide -CS-NH₂


chromane

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle in which a benzene ring is fused to one of dihydro-pyran; it is the base unit of tocopherols


isochromane

(organic chemistry) An isomer of chromane in which the oxygen atom is in the 2- rather than the 1- position


cyclopropaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing three nodes (or superatoms)


cyclobutaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing four nodes (or superatoms)


cyclopentaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing five nodes (or superatoms)


cyclohexaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing six nodes (or superatoms)


cycloheptaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing seven nodes (or superatoms)


heptaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any linear phane containing seven nodes (or superatoms)


heterophane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any derivative of a phane in which a carbon atom is replaced by a heteroatom


polysubstituted

en-adj

polysubstituted (comparative more polysubstituted, superlative most polysubstituted)

more polysubstituted (comparative)
most polysubstituted (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Having many substituents


sapphyrin

(organic chemistry) A macrocycle, analogous to porphyrin, containing five pyrrole residues


tetrol

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any polyhydric alcohol having four hydroxyl groups


tetrone

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any compound having four ketonic carbonyl groups.


polyhydrogenated

polyhydrogenated (comparative more polyhydrogenated, superlative most polyhydrogenated)

more polyhydrogenated (comparative)
most polyhydrogenated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) hydrogenated such that hydrogen is attached to multiple double bonds


amyrin

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric triterpenoids found in some vegetable oils and resins

amirina

either of two isomeric triterpenoids found in some vegetable oils and resins


avenasterol

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric sterols, related to cholesterol, found in some vegetable oils


behenic acid

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, docosanoic acid, having twenty-two carbon atoms.


brassidic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid trans docos-13-enoic acid that is the trans- isomer of erucic acid


campesterol

(organic chemistry) A phytosterol, found in many vegetable oils, related to sitosterol


carnitine

en-noun

carnitine (countable and uncountable, plural carnitines)

From Latin caro/carnis (“flesh, meat”) + t + -ine, for it was first described in meat extracts in 1905.

2007, Shari Lieberman, Nancy Pauling Bruning, The Real Vitamin and Mineral Book, 4th Edition, unnnumbered page,
Although often called an amino acid because of its chemical makeup, L-carnitine is actually a vitaminlike nutrient, related in structure to the B vitamins. L-carnitine is the biologically active form of carnitine.

2014, Peggy R. Borum, Carnitine homeostasis in humans, Benjamin Toby Wall, Craig Porter (editors), Carnitine Metabolism and Human Nutrition, page 4,
Carnitine likely functions in maintaining homeostasis in many metabolic pathways and physiological conditions, with carnitine's role in energy metabolism homeostasis being the best studied.

Carnitines are quaternary amines synthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

2015, Bruno Giammusso, “16: Dietary Complements and Phytotherapy”, in Giorgio Cavallini, Giovanni Beretta, editors, Clinical Management of Male Infertility, Springer, page 155:

(organic chemistry) A betaine, 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammonio-butanoate, that is found in the liver and has a function in fatty acid transport.


cerin

cerin (countable and uncountable, plural cerins)

(organic chemistry) A triterpene found in cork.


cetoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-docos-11-enoic acid found in many species of fish


citrostadienol

(organic chemistry) A sterol α₁-sitosterol found in vegetable oil


clupanodonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid found in fish oil


columbinic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid trans,cis,cis-octadeca-5,9,12-trienoic acid found in the seeds of the columbine plant


cycloartenol

cycloartenol (countable and uncountable, plural cycloartenols)

(organic chemistry) A sterol found in all photosynthetic organisms


cyclopropene

(organic chemistry) The cycloalkene having three carbon atoms and one double bond; any derivative of this compound


cyclopropenoid

(organic chemistry) Having a structure based on cyclopropene


dehydrocholesterol

dehydrocholesterol (countable and uncountable, plural dehydrocholesterols)

[diːhaɪdɹəˌkəˈlɛstəɹɒɫ]

(organic chemistry) A sterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, found in the skin, that, on exposure to light, is converted into vitamin D


dehydroretinol

[diːˌhaɪdɹəˈɹɛtɪnɒɫ]

(organic chemistry) A derivative of retinol having an extra double bond; vitamin A2.


desmethylsterol

(organic chemistry) Any sterol lacking a methyl group in a specified position, e.g. 4-desmethylsterol.


disaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having two saturated fatty acids


monosaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having one saturated fatty acid


trisaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having three saturated fatty acids


gadoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-9-enoic acid related to oleic acid but having 20 carbon atoms; it is found in fish and vegetable oils


glycerolipid

(organic chemistry) Any lipid based on glycerol


glycerolysis

(organic chemistry) Any reaction of an ester with glycerol, but especially the reaction of triglycerides with glycerol to form monoglycerides and diglycerides


gondoic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-11-enoic acid (an isomer of gadoleic acid) present in fish and vegetable oils


gramisterol

(organic chemistry) A sterol found in wheat germ and other vegetable oils


inositide

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid containing inositol; phosphatidylinositol.


intraesterification

(organic chemistry) The redistribution of the fatty acids of an oil or fat having a specific triglyceride makeup to give a more random distribution; a form of interesterification


lignoceric acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid n-tetracosanoic acid, having twenty-four carbon atoms; it is found in wood tar


lipolysis

(organic chemistry) The hydrolysis of lipids.


malonyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The divalent radical CH₂(COO-)₂ derived from malonic acid


malvalic acid

(organic chemistry) The cyclopropene fatty acid 7-(2-octyl-1-cyclopropenyl)heptanoic acid found in some seed oils, often with sterculic acid


monoenoic

en-adj

monoenoic (comparative more monoenoic, superlative most monoenoic)

more monoenoic (comparative)
most monoenoic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing any unsaturated carboxylic acid (especially a fatty acid) that has only one double bond


monoenoic

(organic chemistry) Any lipid containing a single double bond


myristoleic acid

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-tetradec-9-enoic acid


oleochemical

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound derived from a natural vegetable oil or animal fat


oleochemical

(organic chemistry) Derived from a natural vegetable oil or animal fat


oxysterol

(organic chemistry) Any of several oxidized derivatives of sterols


phosphorylcholine

(organic chemistry) The phosphoryl derivative of choline that combines with a diglyceride to form lecithin


phytanic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid (7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid derived from chlorophyll via the related phytol


phytol

en-noun

phytol (countable and uncountable, plural phytols)

(organic chemistry) The diterpenoid alcohol (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, derived from chlorophyll.


phytyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from phytol


pristanic acid

(organic chemistry) The diterpenoid acid 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecanoic acid found in many animal lipids


punicic acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid 9Z,11E,13Z-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid found in pomegranate seed oil


reesterify

en-verb

reesterify (third-person singular simple present reesterifies, present participle reesterifying, simple past and past participle reesterified)

reesterifies (present singular third-person)
reesterifying (participle present)
reesterified (participle past)
reesterified (past)
re-esterify (alternative)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To esterify an alcohol or carboxylic acid that was obtained by previous hydrolysis of an ester; but especially the esterification of cholesterol or fatty acids during metabolism


retinaldehyde

en-noun

retinaldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural retinaldehydes)


retinoic

(organic chemistry) Derived from retinol; relating to retinoic acid or its derivatives


retinyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from retinol


sesamol

(organic chemistry) The antioxidant 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol found in sesame oil


lignan

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of phenylpropanoid (propylbenzene) type of molecules found in essentially all plants, generally dimeric or higher order, and produced by secondary metabolic pathways branching off of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, in some cases having associated antioxidant or estrogenic (phytoestrogenic) activities; having in common with lignin the phenylpropanoid monomers, where lignin is a random oxidative polymerization of the same


soapstock

soapstock (countable and uncountable, plural soapstocks)

(organic chemistry) A concentrated solution of salts of fatty acids obtained in the refining of edible oils.


stearidonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid


sterculic acid

(organic chemistry) the cyclopropene fatty acid 8-(2-octylcyclopropenyl)octanoic acid found in some tropical vegetable oils


stigmasterol

stigmasterol (countable and uncountable, plural stigmasterols)

(organic chemistry) A phytosterol that occurs in soybeans and similar plants


thynnic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid hexacosahexaenoic acid found in fish oils


timnodonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid found in fish oils


tripalmitin

tripalmitin (usually uncountable, plural tripalmitins)

(organic chemistry) The triglyceride of palmitic acid


tristearin

tristearin (countable and uncountable, plural tristearins)

(organic chemistry) The triglyceride of stearic acid


ursodeoxycholic acid

(organic chemistry) The bile acid 3α,7β-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid; ursodiol


propylbenzene

(organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-C₆H₅ that is the parent compound of the lignans


lignane

(organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon formed by joining two propylbenzene residues at the β-carbon atom of the propyl side chain; this structure is the basis of all lignans


neolignane

(organic chemistry) Any hydrocarbon formed by joining two propylbenzene residues at other than the β-carbon atom of the propyl side chain; these structures are the basis of all neolignans


arboreol

(organic chemistry) The epoxylignane derivative (7β,7'α,8α,8'α)-3,4:3',4'-bis(methylenedioxy)-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignane-7,8-diol


epoxylignane

(organic chemistry) Any lignane in which the two γ-carbon atoms of the side chains are linked via an oxygen atom to form a tetrahydrofuran ring


asatone

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic neolignane derivative (3'R,6'S)-(1β,2β)-2,3,5',6'-tetrahydro-3,3,3',5,5',5'-hexamethoxy-2,6'-cyclo-1,3'-neoligna-8,8'-diene--4,4'(3'H)-dione


cryocondensation

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) The use of very low temperatures to condense volatile (usually) organic compounds from the air or other gaseous medium.


azalignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane in which one or more of the benzene rings has been replaced with pyridine.


cinnamyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical C₆H₅-CH=CH-CH₂- characteristic of cinnamic compounds


cyclolignan

(organic chemistry) Any lignan having an additional ring


cyclolignane

(organic chemistry) Any lignane having an additional ring.


cycloneolignane

(organic chemistry) Any neolignane having an additional ring


dineolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane having four propylbenzene residues


sesquineolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane having three propylbenzene residues


neolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a neolignane


dineolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a dineolignane


oxyneolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a oxyneolignane


sesquineolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a sesquineolignane


oxyneolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a neolignane in which the two propylbenzene residues are joined indirectly by an oxygen atom


enterolactone

enterolactone (usually uncountable, plural enterolactones)

(organic chemistry) The lignan lactone rac-(8α,8'β)-3,3'-dihydroxylignano-9,9'-lactone; a phytoestrogen produced by intestinal microflora from precursors in plant food


epoxylignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on an epoxylignane


furanoid

(organic chemistry) Having a structure based on furan.


furanoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound whose structure is based on furan.


homolignane

(organic chemistry) Any compound derived from a lignane by adding extra carbon atoms in a ring or sidechain


norlignane

(organic chemistry) Any compound derived from a lignane by removing carbon atoms from a ring or sidechain


oxylinkage

(organic chemistry) A linkage between two parts of a molecule by an oxygen atom


derivatized

en-adj

derivatized (comparative more derivatized, superlative most derivatized)

more derivatized (comparative)
most derivatized (superlative)

(organic chemistry) modified by the formation of a derivative


arsenobetaine

(organic chemistry) The derivative of betaine (CH₃)₃As⁺CH₂COO⁻ in which arsenic replaces the nitrogen atom

arsenobetaína

derivative of betaine in which arsenic replaces the nitrogen atom


perfluoric acid

trifluoroacetic acid
trifluoroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) trifluoroacetic acid (C₂HF₃O₂)


trifluoroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) a strong carboxylic acid used frequently in organic synthesis and as a buffer in liquid chromatography, with the molecular formula C₂HF₃O₂.


organomercurial

organomercurials (plural)
organo-mercurial (alternative)

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound of mercury, but especially such a drug


arsinoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any organic derivative of this radical -AsR₂(=O)


aminoxyl

(organic chemistry) Any organic derivative of the radical R₂NO^. <=> R₂N^(.+)-O⁻


azanediyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any organic derivative of this radical.


capsaicinoid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of irritant compounds, related to capsaicin, that are responsible for the heat of chilli peppers.


thujone

From the genus name translingual Thuja + -one.

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomers of a bicyclic monoterpenoid ketone found in several aromatic plants.


nitrenium

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of this ion R₂N:⁺


homologation

en-noun

homologation (countable and uncountable, plural homologations)

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that converts a compound into the next member of a homologous series, usually by lengthening a carbon chain


PEX

(organic chemistry) cross-linked high-density polyethylene


acrilato

(organic chemistry) acrylate (salt or ester of acrylic acid)


acylium

(organic chemistry) Any acyl cation R-C⁺=O derived from a carboxylic acid.


agostic

From the supposed Ancient Greek ἀγοστέω (agostéō, “to clasp, hold”) + -ic.

der

(organic chemistry) Describing a structure in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to both a carbon (or silicon) atom and a metal atom in a three-center, two-electron interaction.


anticlined

en-adj

anticlined (comparative more anticlined, superlative most anticlined)

more anticlined (comparative)
most anticlined (superlative)

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) Describing two equivalent chains of a crystalline polymer having opposite orientation


arsonous

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to the arsonous acids or their derivatives


bioisostere

(organic chemistry) Any compound, derived from another by the replacement of a group of atoms by another broadly similar group e.g. the replacement of a methyl by an ethyl group


carbynium

(organic chemistry) The radical cation H₂C^(.+) or any organic derivative of it


cheletropic

From Ancient Greek χηλή (khēlḗ) + + -tropic.

(organic chemistry) Describing a pericyclic addition reaction across the terminal atoms of a fully conjugated system in which two new single bonds are formed with a single atom of the reactant.


chelotropic

(organic chemistry) Synonym of cheletropic


cisoid

(organic chemistry) Describing a synperiplanar spatial arrangement of two conjugated double bonds about the intervening single bond; s-cis.


transoid

(organic chemistry) Describing an antiperiplanar spatial arrangement of two conjugated double bonds about the intervening single bond; s-trans


cistactic

(organic chemistry) Describing a tactic polymer in which the double bonds of the repeat units have the cis conformation


transtactic

(organic chemistry) Describing a tactic polymer in which the double bonds of the repeat units have the trans conformation.


coacervate

/kəʊəˈsɜːvət/

(biochemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The microsphere droplet that results from coacervation.


conrotatory

(organic chemistry) Describing an electrocyclic reaction in which the substituents at the interacting termini of the conjugated system both rotate in the same sense


disrotatory

(organic chemistry) Describing an electrocyclic reaction in which the substituents at the interacting termini of the conjugated system rotate in opposite senses


coordinatively

(organic chemistry) In a coordinative manner; with regard to coordination


cyclodepsipeptide

(organic chemistry) Any cyclic depsipeptide


cycloelimination

(organic chemistry) The reverse of a cycloaddition reaction.


Pentan

de-noun

Pentan n (strong, genitive Pentans, plural Pentane)

Pentans (genitive)
Pentane (plural)
Pentan (nominative singular)
Pentane (definite nominative plural)
Pentans (genitive singular)
Pentane (definite genitive plural)
Pentan (dative singular)
Pentanen (dative definite plural)
Pentan (accusative singular)
Pentane (accusative definite plural)

(organic chemistry) pentane (aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₅H₁₂)


cyclopolymerization

en-noun

cyclopolymerization (countable and uncountable, plural cyclopolymerizations)

(organic chemistry) Any polymerization reaction in which new rings are formed.


dehydrocyclization

dehydrocyclization (usually uncountable, plural dehydrocyclizations)

dehydrocyclizations (plural)
dehydrocyclisation (alternative)

(organic chemistry) Simultaneous dehydrogenation and cyclization, especially as part of petroleum refining


aldehyd

aldehyd (nominative singular)
aldehydy (nominative plural)
aldehydu (genitive singular)
aldehydů (genitive plural)
aldehydu (dative singular)
aldehydům (dative plural)
aldehyd (accusative singular)
aldehydy (accusative plural)
aldehyde (singular vocative)
aldehydy (plural vocative)
aldehydu (locative singular)
aldehydech (locative plural)
aldehydem (instrumental singular)
aldehydy (instrumental plural)


aldehyd

aldehyd (nominative singular)
aldehydy (nominative plural)
aldehydu (genitive singular)
aldehydów (genitive plural)
aldehydowi (dative singular)
aldehydom (dative plural)
aldehyd (accusative singular)
aldehydy (accusative plural)
aldehydem (instrumental singular)
aldehydami (instrumental plural)
aldehydzie (locative singular)
aldehydach (locative plural)
aldehydzie (singular vocative)
aldehydy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English aldehyde, French aldéhyde, German Aldehyd, ultimately from Latin al(cohol) dehyd(rogenātum). First attested in 1836.

ref

Pamiętnik Farmaceutyczny Krakowski (in Polish), number 3, 1836, page 41


aldehyd

aldehyd (indefinite nominative singular)
aldehyds (genitive indefinite singular)
aldehyden (definite nominative singular)
aldehydens (definite genitive singular)
aldehyder (indefinite nominative plural)
aldehyders (genitive indefinite plural)
aldehyderna (definite nominative plural)
aldehydernas (definite genitive plural)

(organic chemistry) aldehyde (organic compound of the general formula R·CHO)


dicarbenium

(organic chemistry) Any carbenium ion containing two carbeniums


dyotropic

en-adj

dyotropic (comparative more dyotropic, superlative most dyotropic)

more dyotropic (comparative)
most dyotropic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a rearrangement reaction in which two single bonds simultaneously migrate intramolecularly.


benzolo

eo-head

benzolo (accusative singular benzolon, plural benzoloj, accusative plural benzolojn)

benzolon (accusative singular)
benzoloj (plural)
benzolojn (accusative plural)


electromeric

en-adj

electromeric (comparative more electromeric, superlative most electromeric)

more electromeric (comparative)
most electromeric (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a form of resonance in which a molecule becomes polarized as a result of intramolecular electron displacement


episulfonium

(organic chemistry) Any cation derived by protonation or other addition to the sulfur atom of a thiirane.


flavylium

(organic chemistry) The cation 2-phenylchromenylium that is the basis of the anthocyanins


halirenium

(organic chemistry) Any reactive intermediate in the form of a three-membered unsaturated cyclic cation containing a positively charged halogen atom


halonium

(organic chemistry) Any cation of the form R₂X⁺, in which X is a positively-charged halogen


hemochrome

(organic chemistry) Any of several iron–porphyrin complexes having one or two basic ligands (normally amines).


heteroconjugation

(obsolete, organic chemistry) conjugation involving at least one heteroelement


heterodetic

heterodetic (comparative more heterodetic, superlative most heterodetic)

more heterodetic (comparative)
most heterodetic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a cyclic peptide having at least one link between amino acids that is other than eupeptide (isopeptide, disulfide, ester etc.)


heterovalent

heterovalent (comparative more heterovalent, superlative most heterovalent)

more heterovalent (comparative)
most heterovalent (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a resonance structure that has one fewer single bond than others

heterovalent

describing a resonance structure that has one fewer single bond than others


oxamic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to oxamic acid or its derivatives


monoester

/ˌmɒnəʊˈɛstə/

Frederick B. Power and Frank Tutin have experimentally confirmed the observations of Carré, that at temperatures above 110° the interaction between phosphoric acid and glycerole results in the production of varying amounts of diester accompanying the monoester or glycerophosphoric acid.

1905, “Progress in Pharmacy”, in The American Journal of Pharmacy, page 287:

For example, hydrolysis of diesters (Fig. 1) separated by a long methylene chain exhibits equal rate constants at each site (k₁ = k₂), which sets an upper limit of 36.8% for the yield of the monoester.

2016 May 22, Qixun Shi et al., “Water-soluble cavitands promote hydrolyses of long-chain diesters”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 113, number 33, →DOI, page 9199:

Twenty healthy individuals participated in the study and on two occasions consumed the ketone monoester supplement or a placebo after a 10-hour fast.

2018 February 14, “Ketone drink could help diabetics by lowering blood sugar”, in Voxy.co.nz, archived from the original on 2018-02-14:

(organic chemistry) An ester of a polyhydric alcohol or a polycarboxylic acid containing only a single ester group.


HFC

Unlike efforts to curb fossil fuels, plans to reduce HFCs have won broad support from both Democrats and Republicans, as well as industry groups and environmental organizations.

2021 September 23, Lisa Friedman, “The E.P.A. issues a regulation that will sharply reduce the use of HFCs, a powerful driver of climate change.”, in The New York Times:

(organic chemistry) Initialism of hydrofluorocarbon.


HCFC

(organic chemistry) Initialism of hydrochlorofluorocarbon., a class of molecules containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, and carbon atoms


homoconjugation

(organic chemistry) A form of conjugation in which a non-conjugating atom or group is interposed between the conjugating bonds


hydrazonic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of oxyacids in which a double-bonded oxygen atom is replaced by a =N-NR₂ group.


hydroxamic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of compounds derived from oxoacids by replacing -OH by -NHOH; the N-hydroxy amides


hydroximic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of oxoacids in which a double-bonded oxygen atom is replaced by a =N-OH or =N-OR


hyperconjugation

en-noun

hyperconjugation (countable and uncountable, plural hyperconjugations)

(organic chemistry) A weak form of conjugation in which single bonds interact with a conjugated system

hipear-chomhchuingiú

a weak form of conjugation in which single bonds interact with a conjugated system


imidic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to imides or to imidic acids


carboximidoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent radicals R-C(=NH)-


trimethylindium

(organic chemistry) The organometallic compound, (CH₃)₃In, used in vapor-phase epitaxy for the manufacture of semiconductors with the highest purity levels (99.99999%)


trimethylgallium

(organic chemistry) The organometallic compound, (CH₃)₃Ga, used in vapour-phase epitaxy for the manufacture of semiconductors


polyetylen

polyetylén (alternative)
polyethylen (alternative)


polyetylén

polyetylen (alternative)
polyethylen (alternative)


polyethylen

polyetylén (alternative)
polyetylen (alternative)


DIPTe

(organic chemistry) Di-isopropyltellurium, the most preferred metalorganic source of tellurium used in MOCVD of compound semiconductors for opto-electronics applications.


iminium

(organic chemistry) A form of quaternary ammonium cation derived from an imine, R₂C=N⁺R₂.


iminyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent radicals derived from an imine R₂C=N^.


iminylium

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent cations derived from an imine R₂C=N⁺


isoflavonoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound, isomeric with the flavonoids, derived from 3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone


neoflavonoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound, isomeric with the flavonoids, derived from 4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone


kloroform

head

kloroform c (singular definite kloroformen, not used in plural form)

kloroformen (definite singular)
kloroform (indefinite nominative singular)
kloroformen (definite nominative singular)
kloroforms (genitive indefinite singular)
kloroformens (definite genitive singular)


kloroform

kloroform (usually uncountable, plural kloroformok)

kloroformok (plural)
kloroform (nominative singular)
kloroformok (nominative plural)
kloroformot (accusative singular)
kloroformokat (accusative plural)
kloroformnak (dative singular)
kloroformoknak (dative plural)
kloroformmal (instrumental singular)
kloroformokkal (instrumental plural)
kloroformért (causal-final singular)
kloroformokért (causal-final plural)
kloroformmá (singular translative)
kloroformokká (plural translative)
kloroformig (singular terminative)
kloroformokig (plural terminative)
kloroformként (essive-formal singular)
kloroformokként (essive-formal plural)
kloroformban (inessive singular)
kloroformokban (inessive plural)
kloroformon (singular superessive)
kloroformokon (plural superessive)
kloroformnál (adessive singular)
kloroformoknál (adessive plural)
kloroformba (illative singular)
kloroformokba (illative plural)
kloroformra (singular sublative)
kloroformokra (plural sublative)
kloroformhoz (allative singular)
kloroformokhoz (allative plural)
kloroformból (elative singular)
kloroformokból (elative plural)
kloroformról (delative singular)
kloroformokról (delative plural)
kloroformtól (ablative singular)
kloroformoktól (ablative plural)
kloroformé (singular)
kloroformoké (plural)
kloroforméi (singular)
kloroformokéi (plural)
kloroformom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
kloroformjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
kloroformod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
kloroformjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
kloroformja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
kloroformjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
kloroformunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
kloroformjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
kloroformotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
kloroformjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
kloroformjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
kloroformjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


kloroform

sh-noun

klȍroform m (Cyrillic spelling кло̏роформ)

klȍroform (canonical masculine)
кло̏роформ (Cyrillic)
kloroform (nominative singular)
kloroforma (genitive singular)
kloroformu (dative singular)
kloroform (accusative singular)
kloroforme (singular vocative)
kloroformu (locative singular)
kloroformom (instrumental singular)


kloroform

kloroform (indefinite nominative singular)
kloroforms (genitive indefinite singular)
kloroformen (definite nominative singular)
kloroformens (definite genitive singular)


formaldehydi

formaldehydi (nominative singular)
formaldehydi (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydin (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydin (genitive singular)
formaldehydiä (partitive singular)
formaldehydissä (inessive singular)
formaldehydistä (elative singular)
formaldehydiin (illative singular)
formaldehydillä (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltä (ablative singular)
formaldehydille (allative singular)
formaldehydinä (essive singular)
formaldehydiksi (singular translative)
formaldehydittä (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
formaldehydini (nominative singular)
formaldehydini (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydini (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydini (genitive singular)
formaldehydiäni (partitive singular)
formaldehydissäni (inessive singular)
formaldehydistäni (elative singular)
formaldehydiini (illative singular)
formaldehydilläni (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltäni (ablative singular)
formaldehydilleni (allative singular)
formaldehydinäni (essive singular)
formaldehydikseni (singular translative)
formaldehydittäni (abessive singular)
formaldehydisi (nominative singular)
formaldehydisi (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydisi (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydisi (genitive singular)
formaldehydiäsi (partitive singular)
formaldehydissäsi (inessive singular)
formaldehydistäsi (elative singular)
formaldehydiisi (illative singular)
formaldehydilläsi (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltäsi (ablative singular)
formaldehydillesi (allative singular)
formaldehydinäsi (essive singular)
formaldehydiksesi (singular translative)
formaldehydittäsi (abessive singular)
formaldehydimme (nominative singular)
formaldehydimme (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydimme (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydimme (genitive singular)
formaldehydiämme (partitive singular)
formaldehydissämme (inessive singular)
formaldehydistämme (elative singular)
formaldehydiimme (illative singular)
formaldehydillämme (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltämme (ablative singular)
formaldehydillemme (allative singular)
formaldehydinämme (essive singular)
formaldehydiksemme (singular translative)
formaldehydittämme (abessive singular)
formaldehydinne (nominative singular)
formaldehydinne (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydinne (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydinne (genitive singular)
formaldehydiänne (partitive singular)
formaldehydissänne (inessive singular)
formaldehydistänne (elative singular)
formaldehydiinne (illative singular)
formaldehydillänne (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltänne (ablative singular)
formaldehydillenne (allative singular)
formaldehydinänne (essive singular)
formaldehydiksenne (singular translative)
formaldehydittänne (abessive singular)
formaldehydinsä (nominative singular)
formaldehydinsä (accusative nominative singular)
formaldehydinsä (accusative genitive singular)
formaldehydinsä (genitive singular)
formaldehydiään (partitive singular)
formaldehydiänsä (partitive singular)
formaldehydissään (inessive singular)
formaldehydissänsä (inessive singular)
formaldehydistään (elative singular)
formaldehydistänsä (elative singular)
formaldehydiinsä (illative singular)
formaldehydillään (adessive singular)
formaldehydillänsä (adessive singular)
formaldehydiltään (ablative singular)
formaldehydiltänsä (ablative singular)
formaldehydilleen (allative singular)
formaldehydillensä (allative singular)
formaldehydinään (essive singular)
formaldehydinänsä (essive singular)
formaldehydikseen (singular translative)
formaldehydiksensä (singular translative)
formaldehydittään (abessive singular)
formaldehydittänsä (abessive singular)

Internationalism (see English formaldehyde).


methanation

(organic chemistry) The reaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to form methane


methide

(organic chemistry) Any binary compound of the methyl radical and an electropositive element, especially a metal


molozonide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of unstable heterocycles containing three successive oxygen atoms in a five-membered ring; the 1,2,3-trioxolanes


munchnone

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of mesoionic 1,3-oxazoles having an oxygen atom attached to position 5