bit

Coined by John Tukey in 1946 as an abbreviation of binary digit, probably influenced by connotations of “small portion”. First used in print 1948 by Claude Shannon. Compare byte and nybble, with similar food associations.

status bits on IRC

permission bits in a file system

(information theory, cryptography) Any datum that may take on one of exactly two values.

bit

information theory: datum that may take on one of exactly two values


accumulator

From Latin accumulātor, agent noun of accumulō (“pile up”), accumulate + -or.

(cryptography) A one way membership function.


POW

(cryptography, cryptocurrencies) Alternative letter-case form of PoW (“proof of work”)


rainbow

From Middle English reynbowe, raynbowe, from Old English reġnboga (“rainbow”), from Proto-West Germanic *regnabogō, from Proto-Germanic *regnabugô (“rainbow”), equivalent to rain + bow (“arch”). Cognate with West Frisian reinbôge (“rainbow”), Dutch regenboog (“rainbow”), German Regenbogen (“rainbow”), Danish regnbue (“rainbow”), Swedish regnbåge (“rainbow”), Icelandic regnbogi (“rainbow”).

rainbow attack

(mathematics, cryptography) Of or pertaining to rainbow tables.


CM

en-noun

CM (countable and uncountable, plural CMs)

Sense "commercial" is a borrowing from Japanese CM (CM, “commercial video ad”), from English commercial + message.

(cryptography) Initialism of cryptographic module.


depth

depth (countable and uncountable, plural depths)

From Middle English depthe, from Old English *dīepþ (“depth”), from Proto-Germanic *diupiþō (“depth”), equivalent to deep + -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognate with Scots deepth (“depth”), Saterland Frisian Djüpte (“depth”), West Frisian djipte (“depth”), Dutch diepte (“depth”), Low German Deepde (“depth”), Danish dybde (“depth”), Icelandic dýpt (“depth”), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌹𐌸𐌰 (diupiþa, “depth”).

(cryptography) A set of more than one ciphertext enciphered with the same key.


salt

salt (countable and uncountable, plural salts)

Bislama: sol

Tok Pisin: sol

Maori: tote

PIE word
 *séh₂ls
From Middle English salt, from Old English sealt, from Proto-West Germanic *salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Doublet of sal, ultimately from Latin sāl (“salt”), which it superseded as the general term for "salt".

(cryptography) A sequence of random data added to plain text data (such as passwords or messages) prior to encryption or hashing, in order to make brute force decryption more difficult.

sůl

additional bytes inserted into an encryption


salt

en-verb

salt (third-person singular simple present salts, present participle salting, simple past and past participle salted)

salts (present singular third-person)
salting (participle present)
salted (participle past)
salted (past)

(cryptography) To add filler bytes before encrypting, in order to make brute-force decryption more resource-intensive.


key

From Middle English keye, kaye, keiȝe, from Old English cǣġ (“key, solution, experiment”) (whence also Scots key and kay (“key”)), of uncertain origin. The only sure cognates are Saterland Frisian Koai (“key”), West Frisian kaai (“key”), and North Frisian kay (“key”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kēgaz, *kēguz (“stake, post, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵogʰ-, *ǵegʰ-, *ǵegʰn- (“branch, stake, bush”), which would make it cognate with Middle Low German kāk (“whipping post, pillory”), and perhaps to Middle Dutch keige (“javelin, spear”) and Middle Low German keie, keige (“spear”). For the semantic development, note that medieval keys were simply long poles (ending in a hook) with which a crossbar obstructing a door from the inside could be removed from the outside, by lifting it through a hole in the door. Liberman has noted, however, "The original meaning of *kaig-jo- was presumably '*pin with a twisted end.' Words with the root *kai- followed by a consonant meaning 'crooked, bent; twisted' are common only in the North Germanic languages."

шпи́лка

object used to maintain the orientation between two others

Key in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

(cryptography) A piece of information (e.g., a password or passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages.

sleutel

cryptography: piece of information used to encode or decode


malleable

en-adj

malleable (comparative more malleable, superlative most malleable)

more malleable (comparative)
most malleable (superlative)

From Middle French malléable, borrowed from Late Latin malleābilis, derived from Latin malleāre (“to hammer”), from malleus (“hammer”), from Proto-Indo-European *mal-ni- (“crushing”), an extended variant of *melh₂- (“crush, grind”).

(cryptography, of an algorithm) in which an adversary can alter a ciphertext such that it decrypts to a related plaintext


password

passwords (plural)
pass-word (alternative)

From pass + word; the sentry-passing sense predates the cryptographic sense and was its inspiration.

A strong password has a mixture of lowercase and uppercase letters, numbers, and punctuation marks.

(computing, cryptography) A string of characters used to log in to a computer or network, to access a level in a video game, and so on; archetypally a word but nowadays often an alphanumeric string or a phrase.

wagwoord

computing: string of characters known only to a user

passkey

coordinate in its sense contrasted with passwords

keyphrase

used either coordinately or hyponymously; equivalent except for containing spaces


(cryptography) Initialism of Message Digest 5, a cryptographic hash function.


delta

en-verb

delta (third-person singular simple present deltas, present participle deltaing, simple past and past participle deltaed)

deltas (present singular third-person)
deltaing (participle present)
deltaed (participle past)
deltaed (past)

From Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta), borrowed from a Phoenician word for "door", ultimately from Proto-Semitic *dalt-. Doublet of dalet.
* (river): from the triangular shape of the majuscule Greek letter delta Δ
* (USSF): from the delta wing, symbol of the USSF, a triangular wing, shaped like the majuscule Greek letter delta Δ

Turingery worked on deltaed key to produce the deltaed contribution of the chi-wheels. Turing's discovery that delta-ing would reveal information otherwise hidden was essential to the developments that followed.

2007, B. J. Copeland, “Tunny and Colossus: Breaking the Lorenz Schlüsselzusatz traffic”, in Karl de Leeuw, Jan Bergstra, editors, The History of Information Security: A Comprehensive Handbook, Amsterdam: Elsevier, →ISBN, page 458:

(cryptography) To calculate the differences between the characters in an enciphered text and the characters a fixed number of positions previous.


鹽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (鹽):
* → Japanese: 塩(えん) (en)
* → Korean: 염(鹽) (yeom)
* → Vietnamese: diêm (鹽)

Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams): phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms) + semantic 鹵 (“salt”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-rjum (“salt”). The Min forms point to a fricative initial in Proto-Min *ziem (“a white encrustation formed from saltwater or brine”).

cog

盐
䀋
𪉹
𪉩
塩
𥂁
𪉟
盐
醃
豉
漬

Passwords that are not salted are easily cracked.

沒有加鹽的密碼容易被破解。

没有加盐的密码容易被破解。


IV

(cryptography) Initialism of initialization vector.


code

en-noun

code (countable and uncountable, plural codes)

desctree

→ Hindi: कूट (kūṭ)
→ Sanskrit: कूट (kūṭa)

→ Japanese: コード (kōdo)

→ Korean: 코드 (kodeu)

From Middle English code (“system of law”), from Old French code (“system of law”), from Latin cōdex, later form of caudex (“the stock or stem of a tree, a board or tablet of wood smeared over with wax, on which the ancients originally wrote; hence, a book, a writing.”). Doublet of codex.

(cryptography) A cryptographic system using a codebook that converts words or phrases into codewords.


code

en-verb

code (third-person singular simple present codes, present participle coding, simple past and past participle coded)

codes (present singular third-person)
coding (participle present)
coded (participle past)
coded (past)

We should code the messages we send out on Usenet.


IP

en-noun

IP (countable and uncountable, plural IPs)

initial permutation
initial permutation#English

(cryptography) Initialism of initial permutation.


seed

seed (countable and uncountable, plural seeds)

seeds (plural)
sede (alternative obsolete)

]
From Middle English seed, sede, side, from Old English sēd, sǣd (“seed, that which is sown”), from Proto-West Germanic *sād, from Proto-Germanic *sēdą, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow, throw”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Säid (“seed”), West Frisian sied (“seed”), Dutch zaad (“seed”), Low German Saad (“seed”), German Saat (“seed; sowing”), Danish sæd (“seed”), Swedish säd (“seed”), Icelandic sæði (“seed”), Latin satiō (“seeding, time of sowing, season”). More at sow.

alkutilanne

initial state, condition or position of a process

If you use the same seed you will get exactly the same pattern of numbers.

As suggested in [3], space can be saved by using a deterministic pseudo random number generator (PRNG) and storing only the seed of that PRNG.

2009, Daniel J. Bernstein, Johannes Buchmann, Erik Dahmen, editors, Post-Quantum Cryptography, Springer, →ISBN, page 44:

Seeds are Minecraft's way of generating terrain. Each biome you spawn in is determined by the seed. With a custom seed, you can have a desert biome right next to a mesa biome.

2015, Jesse Stay, Thomas Stay, Jacob Cordeiro, Minecraft For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 242:

pseudorandom number generator
pseudorandom number generator

(countable) The initial state, condition or position of a changing, growing or developing process; the ultimate precursor in a defined chain of precursors.

(cryptography) The initialization state of a pseudorandom number generator or similar system. (seed number)


pepper

en-noun

pepper (countable and uncountable, plural peppers)

peppers (plural)
piper (alternative archaic)

Tok Pisin: pepa

→ Hawaiian: pepa

→ Marshallese: pepa

From Middle English peper, piper, from Old English piper, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar, from Latin piper, from an Indo-Aryan source; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). The name was given to the capsicum fruit because of its unusual spicy taste, not unlike the Old World spice. Cognate with Scots pepar, Saterland Frisian Pieper, West Frisian piper, Dutch peper, German Low German Peper, German Pfeffer, Danish peber, Swedish peppar, Icelandic pipar. Doublet of falafel and peepul.

cog

(cryptography) A randomly-generated value that is added to another value (such as a password) prior to hashing. Unlike a salt, a new one is generated for each value and it is held separately from the value.


pepper

en-verb

pepper (third-person singular simple present peppers, present participle peppering, simple past and past participle peppered)

peppers (present singular third-person)
peppering (participle present)
peppered (participle past)
peppered (past)
piper (alternative archaic)

(cryptography) To use a pepper (type of value used prior to hashing).


asymmetric

en-adj

asymmetric (comparative more asymmetric, superlative most asymmetric)

more asymmetric (comparative)
most asymmetric (superlative)

From a- + symmetric, as Ancient Greek ἀσυμμετρία (asummetría, “disproportion, deformity”).

der

(cryptography) Not involving a mutual exchange of keys between the sender and receiver.


symmetric

en-adj

symmetric (comparative more symmetric, superlative most symmetric)

more symmetric (comparative)
most symmetric (superlative)

From symmetry + -ic, from Latin symmetria, from Ancient Greek συμμετρία (summetría).

(cryptography) Using the same key (or keys that are trivially related) for both encryption and decryption.


fingerprint

fingerprints (plural)
finger-print (alternative)

/ˈfɪŋɡɚˌpɹɪnt/

asymmetric cryptography
asymmetric cryptography

(cryptography) A unique identification for a public key in asymmetric cryptography.

بَصْمَة

unique identification for public key in asymmetric cryptosystem


aristocrat

/ˈæɹɪstəˌkɹæt/

/əˈɹɪstəˌkɹæt/

From French aristocrate (“aristocrat”), attested once in the 16th century but recoined in the Revolutionary era, from aristocratie (“aristocracy”), from Medieval Latin aristocratia, from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατία (aristokratía), from ἄριστος (áristos, “best”) (compare Old English ar) + κράτος (krátos, “rule”). By surface analysis, aristo- + -crat.

der

ἀριστοκρατία

Coordinate term: patristocrat

(cryptography) A cipher in which the original punctuation and spacing are retained.


block

→ Dutch: block

→ German: Block

→ Irish: bloc

→ Manx: block

→ Maori: poraka

→ Norwegian: blokk

→ Polish: blok

desctree

→ Russian: блок (blok)
→ Armenian: բլոկ (blok)
→ Yakut: блок (blok)

→ Spanish: block

→ Vietnamese: lốc

From Middle English blok (“log, stump, solid piece”), from Old French bloc (“log, block”), from Middle Dutch blok (“treetrunk”), from Old Dutch *blok (“log”), from Proto-West Germanic *blokk, from Proto-Germanic *blukką (“beam, log”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“thick plank, beam, pile, prop”). Cognate with Old Frisian blok, Old Saxon blok, Old High German bloh, bloc (“block”), Old English bolca (“gangway of a ship, plank”), Old Norse bǫlkr (“divider, partition”). More at balk. See also bloc, bulk.

طَابُوقَة

substantial often approximately cuboid piece

թաղամաս

group of buildings demarcated by streets

A logical extent or region; a grouping or apportionment of like things treated together as a unit.

(cryptography) A fixed-length group of bits making up part of a message.

lohko

cryptography: fixed-length group of bits making up part of a message


pad

1554, "bundle of straw to lie on", probably from Low German or West Flemish pad (“sole of the foot”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to pass”), which would make it related to both path and find.

unk

probably

(cryptography) A random key (originally written on a disposable pad) of the same length as the plaintext.


Alice

From Middle English Alice, from Old French Alys, Alice, from Old High German Adalheidis, proposed to derive from Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”) + *haiduz (“character”). Doublet of Adelaide.

af

Alice sends the message, "I am Alice," to Bob. Bob chooses a nonce, N and sends it to Alice. Alice encrypts the nonce using Alice and Bob's symmetric secret key, K#95;#123;A-B#125;, and sends the encrypted nonce, K#95;#123;A-B#125;(N) back to Bob.

1978, V.S. Bagad, I.A. Dhotre, Computer Networks, Technical Publications, →ISBN:

Alice opens her lantern, Bob opens his the instant he sees Alice's, and Alice notes the time T that passes between the moment she opens hers and the moment she sees the light returning to her from Bob's.

2009, N. David Mermin, It's About Time: Understanding Einstein's Relativity, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 19:

(cryptography, physics) The person or system that sends a message to another person or system conventionally known as Bob.


Alice

(cryptography) Alice (an entity sending a message)


cipher

ciphers (plural)
cypher (alternative uncommon)

14th century. From Middle English cifre, from Old French cyfre, cyffre (French chiffre), ultimately from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “zero, empty”), from صَفَرَ (ṣafara, “to be empty”). Doublet of chiffre and zero. Sense 8 (a fault in an organ valve) may be a different word.

a public-key cipher

(cryptography) A cryptographic system using an algorithm that converts letters or sequences of bits into ciphertext.


nonce

Inherited from Middle English nonse, nones, a rebracketing of Middle English to þen anes, for þen anes (to/for the once (i.e., the one occasion or instance)), from the dative singular neuter of þe. The cryptography sense is commonly said to be a contraction of number used once, although this is probably incorrect.

gl

The protocol opens with A communicating in clear to AS his own claimed identity and the identity of the desired correspondent, B, together with A's nonce identifier for this transaction, I_(A1). ("Nonce" means "used only once.")

1978 December 25, Roger M. Needham, “Using Encryption for Authentication in Large Networks of Computers”, in Communications of the ACM, volume 21, number 12:

The information gained by the eavesdropper would permit a replay attack, but only with a request for the same document, and even that may be limited by the server's choice of nonce.

1999, Network Working Group, RFC 2617 – HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication, The Internet Society, page 22

Both CCM and GCM require a unique nonce (N used once) value to maintain their privacy and authenticity goals.

2006, Tom St Denis, Cryptography for Developers, page 340:

The main idea with the challenge-response type of authentication protocol is that the challenge sent by the server is used only once (referred to as a cryptographic nonce, which means “number used once”).

2012, Steven Anson, Mastering Windows Network Forensics and Investigation:

(cryptography) A value constructed so as to be unique to a particular message in a stream, in order to prevent replay attacks.


digest

From Latin dīgesta, neuter plural of dīgestus, past participle of dīgerō (“separate”).

(cryptography) The result of applying a hash function to a message.

resumo

cryptography: the result of applying a hash function to a message


knapsack

From Low German knapzak or Dutch knapzak (older form cnapsack), from Middle Dutch cnappen (“to bite with teeth”), ultimately from knappen (“to eat, crack”), of imitative origin, + sack. German Knappsack is from Dutch.

onomatopoeic

imitative

(cryptography) A set of values from which a subset is chosen.


tweak

From Middle English twikken, from Old English twiccian (“to pluck”), from Proto-West Germanic *twekkōn (“to fasten; clamp; pinch”). Related to twitch. The drug-related sense may be a blend of twitch and freak.

inh

(cryptography) An additional input to a block cipher, used in conjunction with the key to select the permutation computed by the cipher.


key exchange

en-noun

key exchange (countable and uncountable, plural key exchanges)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-key exchange.wav

(cryptography) An exchange of peers' keys at the initialization phase of connection.


RSA

(cryptography) Initialism of Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (“an encryption algorithm”).


MDC

modification detection code
w:Modification Detection Code

(cryptography) Initialism of modification detection code.


signature

/ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃə(ɹ)/

/ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃə(ɹ)/

/ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃɚ/

/ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃə(ɹ)/

Borrowed from Middle French signature, or from Medieval Latin signātūra, future active periphrastic of verb signāre (“to sign”) from signum (“sign”), + -tūra, feminine of -tūrus, future active periphrastic suffix. Displaced native Old English handseten (literally “hand setting”).

ncog

(cryptography) Data attached to a message that guarantees that the message originated from its claimed source.

簽名 /签名

cryptography: data attached to a message that guarantees that the message originated from its claimed source


keyring

keyrings (plural)
key ring (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-keyring.wav

(cryptography) A set of data holding linked encryption keys.

密鑰環 /密钥环

cryptography: set of data holding linked keys


keyserver

keyservers (plural)
key server (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-keyserver.wav

public key cryptography
public key cryptography

(cryptography) In public key cryptography, the server that stores and distributes the public key files.


encryption

en-noun

encryption (usually uncountable, plural encryptions)

/ɪnˈkɹɪpʃən/

/ɛnˈkɹɪpʃən/

/ɪŋˈkɹɪpʃən/

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a new encryption technique that enables computing on data blindly, without decrypting it.

2023 May 26, Rand Hindi, “How Homomorphic Encryption Can Make Blockchain Private”, in Forbes, New York, N.Y.: Forbes Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-06-12:

(cryptography) The process of obscuring information to make it unreadable without special knowledge, key files, or passwords.

As ZT() can only test whether a single ciphertext is an encryption of zero, it cannot work when there are more than one ciphertext to test.

2005, Kun Peng, Colin Boyd, Ed Dawson, Byoungcheon Lee, An Efficient And Verifiable Solution To The Millionaire Problem:

(cryptography) A ciphertext, a cryptogram, an encrypted value. Usually used with the preposition "of" followed by the value that is hidden in it.


PGP

Pretty Good Privacy
Pretty Good Privacy#English

(encryption, software) Initialism of Pretty Good Privacy. (A program using public key encryption popularly used with email.)


public key

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-public key.wav

Coordinate term: private key

(cryptography) One of the two keys used in asymmetric cryptography, which is published to others.

clau pública

the public one of the two keys used in asymmetric cryptography


whiten

en-verb

whiten (third-person singular simple present whitens, present participle whitening, simple past and past participle whitened)

whitens (present singular third-person)
whitening (participle present)
whitened (participle past)
whitened (past)

From Middle English whitenen, whitnen, from Old Norse hvítna (“to whiten”), from Proto-Germanic *hwītnōną (“to whiten, become white”), from Proto-Indo-European *kwind-, *kwint- (“bright”), equivalent to white + -en. Cognate with Icelandic hvítna (“to whiten”), Swedish vitna, hvitna (“to whiten”), Danish hvidne (“to whiten”). Compare Old English hwītian (“to whiten, become white, be white, make white”).

cog

(cryptography) To increase the security of an iterated block cipher by steps that combine the data with portions of the key.


crib

en-noun

crib (countable and uncountable, plural cribs)

From Middle English crib, cribbe, from Old English crib, cryb, cribb, crybb (“couch, bed; manger, stall”), from Proto-West Germanic *kribbjā, from Proto-Germanic *kribjǭ (“crib, wickerwork”), from Proto-Indo-European *grebʰ-, *gerbʰ- (“bunch, bundle, tuft, clump”), from *ger- (“to turn, twist”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Kräbbe, Krääb, Krääf (“crib”), West Frisian krêbe (“crib”), Dutch krib (“crib, manger”), German Krippe (“rack, crib”), Danish krybbe (“crib”), Icelandic krubba (“crib”). Doublet of crèche. The sense of ‘stealing, taking notes, plagiarize’ seems to have developed out of the verb.
The criminal sense may derive from the 'basket' sense, circa the mid 18th century, in that a poacher could conceal poachings in such a basket (see the 1772 Samuel Foote quotation). The cheating sense probably derives from the criminal sense.

inh

(cryptography) A known piece of information corresponding to a section of encrypted text, that is then used to work out the remaining sections.


pigpen

[ˈpʰɪɡˌpʰɛn]


Bit

de-noun

Bit n (strong, genitive Bits, plural Bits)

Bits (genitive)
Bits (plural)
Bit (nominative singular)
Bits (definite nominative plural)
Bits (genitive singular)
Bits (definite genitive plural)
Bit (dative singular)
Bits (dative definite plural)
Bit (accusative singular)
Bits (accusative definite plural)

(information theory, cryptography) bit (datum that may take on one of exactly two values)


Bob

Probably from a medieval hypocorism of Rob.

The key that Alice and Bob are to share cannot be transmitted in the clear. Either it must be enciphered when sent, or Alice and Bob must derive it without an exhange of data from which the key can be derived.

2003, Matt Bishop, Computer Security: Art and Science, Addison-Wesley Professional, →ISBN, page 247:

(cryptography, physics) The person or system receiving a message or signal from a source conventionally known as Alice.


Bob

(cryptography) Bob (person or system receiving a message)


Eve

(cryptography) A conventional name for an agent attempting to intercept a message sent by Alice that is intended for Bob.


Mallet

Cryptographic scenarios use archetypal characters with standard names chosen to remember their role: Mallet was derived from "malicious" and "man-in-the-middle attack", as well as the tool mallet.

Even if Alice and Bob's public keys are stored on a datavase, this attack will work. Mallet can intercept Alice's database inquiry, and substitute his own public key for Alice's. He can do the same to Bob.

1994, Bruce Schneier, Applied Cryptography, →ISBN, page 44:

(cryptography) The malicious party in examples of threat scenarios. See Alice and Bob.


Victor

From a Late Latin personal name Victor, borne by several saints, from victor (“conqueror”). Doublet of victor.

Coordinate term: Peggy

(cryptography) Placeholder name for the party that verifies a proof.


MAC

en-noun

MAC (countable and uncountable, plural MACs)

message authentication code
w:message authentication code

(cryptography) Initialism of message authentication code.


padding

padding (countable and uncountable, plural paddings)

(military, cryptography) Extraneous text added to a message for the purpose of concealing its beginning, ending, or length.


CSR

CSR (countable and uncountable, plural CSRs)

(cryptography) Initialism of certificate signature request.


SAN

SAN (countable and uncountable, plural SANs)

Subject Alternative Name
w:Subject Alternative Name

(cryptography, computer security) Acronym of Subject Alternative Name


OTP

(cryptography) Initialism of one-time pad.


suola

suola (nominative singular)
suolat (nominative plural)
suola (accusative nominative singular)
suolat (accusative nominative plural)
suolan (accusative genitive singular)
suolat (accusative genitive plural)
suolan (genitive singular)
suolojen (genitive plural)
suolain (genitive plural rare)
suolaa (partitive singular)
suoloja (partitive plural)
suolassa (inessive singular)
suoloissa (inessive plural)
suolasta (elative singular)
suoloista (elative plural)
suolaan (illative singular)
suoloihin (illative plural)
suolalla (adessive singular)
suoloilla (adessive plural)
suolalta (ablative singular)
suoloilta (ablative plural)
suolalle (allative singular)
suoloille (allative plural)
suolana (essive singular)
suoloina (essive plural)
suolaksi (singular translative)
suoloiksi (plural translative)
suolatta (abessive singular)
suoloitta (abessive plural)
suoloin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
suolani (nominative singular)
suolani (nominative plural)
suolani (accusative nominative singular)
suolani (accusative nominative plural)
suolani (accusative genitive singular)
suolani (accusative genitive plural)
suolani (genitive singular)
suolojeni (genitive plural)
suolaini (genitive plural rare)
suolaani (partitive singular)
suolojani (partitive plural)
suolassani (inessive singular)
suoloissani (inessive plural)
suolastani (elative singular)
suoloistani (elative plural)
suolaani (illative singular)
suoloihini (illative plural)
suolallani (adessive singular)
suoloillani (adessive plural)
suolaltani (ablative singular)
suoloiltani (ablative plural)
suolalleni (allative singular)
suoloilleni (allative plural)
suolanani (essive singular)
suoloinani (essive plural)
suolakseni (singular translative)
suoloikseni (plural translative)
suolattani (abessive singular)
suoloittani (abessive plural)
suoloineni (comitative plural)
suolasi (nominative singular)
suolasi (nominative plural)
suolasi (accusative nominative singular)
suolasi (accusative nominative plural)
suolasi (accusative genitive singular)
suolasi (accusative genitive plural)
suolasi (genitive singular)
suolojesi (genitive plural)
suolaisi (genitive plural rare)
suolaasi (partitive singular)
suolojasi (partitive plural)
suolassasi (inessive singular)
suoloissasi (inessive plural)
suolastasi (elative singular)
suoloistasi (elative plural)
suolaasi (illative singular)
suoloihisi (illative plural)
suolallasi (adessive singular)
suoloillasi (adessive plural)
suolaltasi (ablative singular)
suoloiltasi (ablative plural)
suolallesi (allative singular)
suoloillesi (allative plural)
suolanasi (essive singular)
suoloinasi (essive plural)
suolaksesi (singular translative)
suoloiksesi (plural translative)
suolattasi (abessive singular)
suoloittasi (abessive plural)
suoloinesi (comitative plural)
suolamme (nominative singular)
suolamme (nominative plural)
suolamme (accusative nominative singular)
suolamme (accusative nominative plural)
suolamme (accusative genitive singular)
suolamme (accusative genitive plural)
suolamme (genitive singular)
suolojemme (genitive plural)
suolaimme (genitive plural rare)
suolaamme (partitive singular)
suolojamme (partitive plural)
suolassamme (inessive singular)
suoloissamme (inessive plural)
suolastamme (elative singular)
suoloistamme (elative plural)
suolaamme (illative singular)
suoloihimme (illative plural)
suolallamme (adessive singular)
suoloillamme (adessive plural)
suolaltamme (ablative singular)
suoloiltamme (ablative plural)
suolallemme (allative singular)
suoloillemme (allative plural)
suolanamme (essive singular)
suoloinamme (essive plural)
suolaksemme (singular translative)
suoloiksemme (plural translative)
suolattamme (abessive singular)
suoloittamme (abessive plural)
suoloinemme (comitative plural)
suolanne (nominative singular)
suolanne (nominative plural)
suolanne (accusative nominative singular)
suolanne (accusative nominative plural)
suolanne (accusative genitive singular)
suolanne (accusative genitive plural)
suolanne (genitive singular)
suolojenne (genitive plural)
suolainne (genitive plural rare)
suolaanne (partitive singular)
suolojanne (partitive plural)
suolassanne (inessive singular)
suoloissanne (inessive plural)
suolastanne (elative singular)
suoloistanne (elative plural)
suolaanne (illative singular)
suoloihinne (illative plural)
suolallanne (adessive singular)
suoloillanne (adessive plural)
suolaltanne (ablative singular)
suoloiltanne (ablative plural)
suolallenne (allative singular)
suoloillenne (allative plural)
suolananne (essive singular)
suoloinanne (essive plural)
suolaksenne (singular translative)
suoloiksenne (plural translative)
suolattanne (abessive singular)
suoloittanne (abessive plural)
suoloinenne (comitative plural)
suolansa (nominative singular)
suolansa (nominative plural)
suolansa (accusative nominative singular)
suolansa (accusative nominative plural)
suolansa (accusative genitive singular)
suolansa (accusative genitive plural)
suolansa (genitive singular)
suolojensa (genitive plural)
suolainsa (genitive plural rare)
suolaansa (partitive singular)
suolojaan (partitive plural)
suolojansa (partitive plural)
suolassaan (inessive singular)
suolassansa (inessive singular)
suoloissaan (inessive plural)
suoloissansa (inessive plural)
suolastaan (elative singular)
suolastansa (elative singular)
suoloistaan (elative plural)
suoloistansa (elative plural)
suolaansa (illative singular)
suoloihinsa (illative plural)
suolallaan (adessive singular)
suolallansa (adessive singular)
suoloillaan (adessive plural)
suoloillansa (adessive plural)
suolaltaan (ablative singular)
suolaltansa (ablative singular)
suoloiltaan (ablative plural)
suoloiltansa (ablative plural)
suolalleen (allative singular)
suolallensa (allative singular)
suoloilleen (allative plural)
suoloillensa (allative plural)
suolanaan (essive singular)
suolanansa (essive singular)
suoloinaan (essive plural)
suoloinansa (essive plural)
suolakseen (singular translative)
suolaksensa (singular translative)
suoloikseen (plural translative)
suoloiksensa (plural translative)
suolattaan (abessive singular)
suolattansa (abessive singular)
suoloittaan (abessive plural)
suoloittansa (abessive plural)
suoloineen (comitative plural)
suoloinensa (comitative plural)

→ Skolt Sami: suõʹll

→ Akkala Sami: [script needed] (suole)

→ Kildin Sami: сӯлль (sūll’)

→ Ter Sami: сы̄лле (sï̄llʼe)

[ˈs̠uo̞̯lɑ̝]

From Proto-Finnic *soola (compare Estonian sool, Veps sol), ultimately borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls. Words of the same origin occur also in many other Uralic languages, for example Erzya сал (sal), Udmurt сылал (sylal), Komi-Permyak сов (sov).


PKC

public-key cryptography
public-key cryptography#English

(cryptography) Initialism of public-key cryptography.


autoclave

Borrowed from French autoclave, formed with prefix auto- + Latin clavis (“key”).


lykill

is-noun

lykill m (genitive singular lykils, nominative plural lyklar or (archaic/obsolete) luklar)

lykils (genitive singular)
lyklar (nominative plural)
luklar (nominative plural)
lykill (indefinite nominative singular)
lykillinn (definite nominative singular)
lyklar (indefinite nominative plural)
luklar (indefinite nominative plural)
lyklarnir (definite nominative plural)
luklarnir (definite nominative plural)
lykil (accusative indefinite singular)
lykilinn (accusative definite singular)
lykla (accusative indefinite plural)
lukla (accusative indefinite plural)
lyklana (accusative definite plural)
luklana (accusative definite plural)
lykli (dative indefinite singular)
lukli (dative indefinite singular)
lyklinum (dative definite singular)
luklinum (dative definite singular)
lyklum (dative indefinite plural)
luklum (dative indefinite plural)
lyklunum (dative definite plural)
luklunum (dative definite plural)
lykils (genitive indefinite singular)
lykilsins (definite genitive singular)
lykla (genitive indefinite plural)
lukla (genitive indefinite plural)
lyklanna (definite genitive plural)
luklanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse lykill, from Proto-Germanic *lukilaz.

(cryptography) a cryptographic key, a key


trapdoor

trapdoors (plural)
trap door (alternative)
trap-door (alternative)

(mathematics, cryptography) The special information that permits the inverse of a trapdoor function to be easily computed.


trapdoor

en-verb

trapdoor (third-person singular simple present trapdoors, present participle trapdooring, simple past and past participle trapdoored)

trapdoors (present singular third-person)
trapdooring (participle present)
trapdoored (participle past)
trapdoored (past)
trap door (alternative)
trap-door (alternative)

(cryptography, transitive) To subvert (a cryptographic scheme) by means of a secret parameter that makes the trapdoor function easy to compute.


Peggy

Coordinate term: Victor

(cryptography) Placeholder name for the party that supplies a proof.


chave

Guinea-Bissau Creole: tcabi

Macanese: chávi

→ Bengali: চাবি (cabi) (see there for further descendants)

→ Gujarati: ચાવી (cāvī)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चाभी (cābhī), चाबी (cābī)

desctree

Urdu: چابی (cābī), چابھی (cābhī)
→ Marwari: चाबी (cābī)
→ Nepali: चाबी (cābī)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਚਾਬੀ (cābī)
Shahmukhi script: چابی (cābī)

→ Kannada: ಚಾವಿ (cāvi)

→ Konkani: चावी (cāvī)

→ Língua Geral Amazônica: xabi
Nheengatu: xawí

→ Malayalam: ചാവി (cāvi), ചാബി (cābi)

→ Marathi: चावी (cāvī)

→ Tamil: சாவி (cāvi)

→ Telugu: శావి (śāvi), చెవి (cevi)

→ Tulu: ಚಾವಿ (cāvi)

LL-Q5146 (por)-Nelson Ricardo 2500-chave.wav

From Old Galician-Portuguese chave (“key”), from Latin clāvis (“key”), from Proto-Italic *klāwis (“bolt, lock, bar”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”) (possibly through an Ancient Greek intermediate). Doublet of clave, a learned borrowing.
Cognate with Galician chave, Spanish llave, Catalan and Occitan clau, French clé, Italian chiave and Romanian cheie.

der

(cryptography) key (a string used to encode or decode text)


decode

If and when the remaining Allied intercepts and decodes are opened up, we may expect to learn a great deal more about the later stages of the Holocaust.

2004, David Cesarani, Holocaust: Responses to the Persecution and Mass Murder of the Jews, page 148:

The British picked up a decode in November 1942 indicating that guards at Auschwitz would need six hundred gas masks.

2005, Richard Breitman, U.S. Intelligence And The Nazis, page 31:

Decodes stating that Hollandia airfields were becoming overcrowded with IJA aircraft waiting to stage forward to Wewak led to pre-emptive strikes by Allied air forces and the destruction of more than 300 Japanese aircraft on the ground.

2006, Ian Pfennigwerth, A Man of Intelligence, page 223:

He was sure that references to AK in the intercepts stood for Midway, but none of the decodes made the identification certain.

2011, Hervie Haufler, Codebreakers' Victory, page 192:


plain text

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-plaintext.wav

Using the sophisticated code was useless since the spy merely stole the plain text from the waste basket.

(cryptography) Text or any data that is to be encrypted (as opposed to ciphertext).


plain text

(cryptography, computing) Alternative spelling of plaintext


DES

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-DES.wav

(cryptography) Initialism of Data Encryption Standard.


plaintext

There are weak keys in the sense that their use by foisting chosen plaintexts can be proved, which could be interesting for chip cards with a ‘burnt-in key’.

2007, Reinhard Wobst, “Life After DES: New Methods, New Attacks”, in Angelika Shafir, transl., Cryptology Unlocked, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, →ISBN, section 3 (IDEA: A Special-Class Algoritmh), subsection 5 (Cryptanalyzing IDEA), page 239:

(cryptography, computing) Alternative spelling of plain text


kod

kod (indefinite nominative singular)
kods (genitive indefinite singular)
koden (definite nominative singular)
kodens (definite genitive singular)
koder (indefinite nominative plural)
koders (genitive indefinite plural)
koderna (definite nominative plural)
kodernas (definite genitive plural)

From English code, from French code, from Latin codex.

(cryptography) code; a cryptographic system


kunci

kunci (root)
mengunci (active nominative)
terkunci (nominative passive)
dikunci (nominative passive)
kunci (nominative)
kuncilah (nominative)
menguncikan (active)
terkuncikan (passive)
dikuncikan (passive)
kuncikan
kuncikanlah
konci (alternative)
koentji (alternative)
kuntji (alternative)

From Malay kunci (“key”), from Hindi कुंजी (kuñjī, “key”), from Sanskrit कुञ्चिका (kuñcikā).
* Semantic loan from Dutch sleutel for wrench, spanner and clef senses.
* Semantic loan from Dutch akkoord for chord sense.
* Semantic loan from English key for music (other than clef sense), education, computing, cryptography and internet sense.

(cryptography) a piece of information (e.g. a passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages


clé

clés (plural)
clef (alternative uncommon)
cleph (alternative humorous)

→ Vietnamese: cờ-lê

Inherited from Middle French clef, from Old French clef, from Latin clāvis, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w-. According to Bescherelle, the spelling clé had replaced clef by 1845.


SMP

en-noun

SMP (countable and uncountable, plural SMPs)

socialist millionaire problem
w:Socialist millionaires

(cryptography) Initialism of socialist millionaire problem.


computationally secure

en-adj

computationally secure (comparative more computationally secure, superlative most computationally secure)

more computationally secure (comparative)
most computationally secure (superlative)

(cryptography) Not decodable with all available computer power.


SRES

The network sends a challenge to the mobile at each connection, and the mobile must send an SRES back to the network before it will allow access.

(telecommunications, cryptography) Acronym of signed response to an authentication challenge on GSM mobile networks.


spn

substitution-permutation network
w:substitution-permutation network

(cryptography) Initialism of substitution-permutation network.


malleability

en-noun

malleability (countable and uncountable, plural malleabilities)

(cryptography) a property of a cryptographic algorithms in which an adversary can alter a ciphertext such that it decrypts to a related plaintext


keyword

keywords (plural)
key word (alternative)
key-word (alternative)

Coordinate term: keyphrase

(cryptography) Any word used as the key to a code.


substitution cipher

substitution cipher (plural substitution ciphers)

(cryptography) A method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the "units" may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. The receiver deciphers the text by performing an inverse substitution.


foursquare

en-adj

foursquare (comparative more foursquare, superlative most foursquare)

more foursquare (comparative)
most foursquare (superlative)

From Middle English foure square; equivalent to four + square.

(cryptography) Pertaining to a four-square cipher.


foursquare

en-noun

foursquare (countable and uncountable, plural foursquares)

(countable, cryptography) A four-square cipher.


LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-3DES.wav

(cryptography, informal) Abbreviation of Triple DES, a cipher formed from the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher by using it three times.


chiavi

→ Maltese: ċavi, ⇒ ċavu

From Latin clāvis, clāvem (“key”). Cognate with Italian chiave.

(cryptography) key (for encoding or decoding)


avain

avain (nominative singular)
avaimet (nominative plural)
avain (accusative nominative singular)
avaimet (accusative nominative plural)
avaimen (accusative genitive singular)
avaimet (accusative genitive plural)
avaimen (genitive singular)
avaimien (genitive plural)
avainten (genitive plural)
avainta (partitive singular)
avaimia (partitive plural)
avaimessa (inessive singular)
avaimissa (inessive plural)
avaimesta (elative singular)
avaimista (elative plural)
avaimeen (illative singular)
avaimiin (illative plural)
avaimella (adessive singular)
avaimilla (adessive plural)
avaimelta (ablative singular)
avaimilta (ablative plural)
avaimelle (allative singular)
avaimille (allative plural)
avaimena (essive singular)
avaimina (essive plural)
avaimeksi (singular translative)
avaimiksi (plural translative)
avaimetta (abessive singular)
avaimitta (abessive plural)
avaimin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
avaimeni (nominative singular)
avaimeni (nominative plural)
avaimeni (accusative nominative singular)
avaimeni (accusative nominative plural)
avaimeni (accusative genitive singular)
avaimeni (accusative genitive plural)
avaimeni (genitive singular)
avaimieni (genitive plural)
avainteni (genitive plural)
avaintani (partitive singular)
avaimiani (partitive plural)
avaimessani (inessive singular)
avaimissani (inessive plural)
avaimestani (elative singular)
avaimistani (elative plural)
avaimeeni (illative singular)
avaimiini (illative plural)
avaimellani (adessive singular)
avaimillani (adessive plural)
avaimeltani (ablative singular)
avaimiltani (ablative plural)
avaimelleni (allative singular)
avaimilleni (allative plural)
avaimenani (essive singular)
avaiminani (essive plural)
avaimekseni (singular translative)
avaimikseni (plural translative)
avaimettani (abessive singular)
avaimittani (abessive plural)
avaimineni (comitative plural)
avaimesi (nominative singular)
avaimesi (nominative plural)
avaimesi (accusative nominative singular)
avaimesi (accusative nominative plural)
avaimesi (accusative genitive singular)
avaimesi (accusative genitive plural)
avaimesi (genitive singular)
avaimiesi (genitive plural)
avaintesi (genitive plural)
avaintasi (partitive singular)
avaimiasi (partitive plural)
avaimessasi (inessive singular)
avaimissasi (inessive plural)
avaimestasi (elative singular)
avaimistasi (elative plural)
avaimeesi (illative singular)
avaimiisi (illative plural)
avaimellasi (adessive singular)
avaimillasi (adessive plural)
avaimeltasi (ablative singular)
avaimiltasi (ablative plural)
avaimellesi (allative singular)
avaimillesi (allative plural)
avaimenasi (essive singular)
avaiminasi (essive plural)
avaimeksesi (singular translative)
avaimiksesi (plural translative)
avaimettasi (abessive singular)
avaimittasi (abessive plural)
avaiminesi (comitative plural)
avaimemme (nominative singular)
avaimemme (nominative plural)
avaimemme (accusative nominative singular)
avaimemme (accusative nominative plural)
avaimemme (accusative genitive singular)
avaimemme (accusative genitive plural)
avaimemme (genitive singular)
avaimiemme (genitive plural)
avaintemme (genitive plural)
avaintamme (partitive singular)
avaimiamme (partitive plural)
avaimessamme (inessive singular)
avaimissamme (inessive plural)
avaimestamme (elative singular)
avaimistamme (elative plural)
avaimeemme (illative singular)
avaimiimme (illative plural)
avaimellamme (adessive singular)
avaimillamme (adessive plural)
avaimeltamme (ablative singular)
avaimiltamme (ablative plural)
avaimellemme (allative singular)
avaimillemme (allative plural)
avaimenamme (essive singular)
avaiminamme (essive plural)
avaimeksemme (singular translative)
avaimiksemme (plural translative)
avaimettamme (abessive singular)
avaimittamme (abessive plural)
avaiminemme (comitative plural)
avaimenne (nominative singular)
avaimenne (nominative plural)
avaimenne (accusative nominative singular)
avaimenne (accusative nominative plural)
avaimenne (accusative genitive singular)
avaimenne (accusative genitive plural)
avaimenne (genitive singular)
avaimienne (genitive plural)
avaintenne (genitive plural)
avaintanne (partitive singular)
avaimianne (partitive plural)
avaimessanne (inessive singular)
avaimissanne (inessive plural)
avaimestanne (elative singular)
avaimistanne (elative plural)
avaimeenne (illative singular)
avaimiinne (illative plural)
avaimellanne (adessive singular)
avaimillanne (adessive plural)
avaimeltanne (ablative singular)
avaimiltanne (ablative plural)
avaimellenne (allative singular)
avaimillenne (allative plural)
avaimenanne (essive singular)
avaiminanne (essive plural)
avaimeksenne (singular translative)
avaimiksenne (plural translative)
avaimettanne (abessive singular)
avaimittanne (abessive plural)
avaiminenne (comitative plural)
avaimensa (nominative singular)
avaimensa (nominative plural)
avaimensa (accusative nominative singular)
avaimensa (accusative nominative plural)
avaimensa (accusative genitive singular)
avaimensa (accusative genitive plural)
avaimensa (genitive singular)
avaimiensa (genitive plural)
avaintensa (genitive plural)
avaintaan (partitive singular)
avaintansa (partitive singular)
avaimiaan (partitive plural)
avaimiansa (partitive plural)
avaimessaan (inessive singular)
avaimessansa (inessive singular)
avaimissaan (inessive plural)
avaimissansa (inessive plural)
avaimestaan (elative singular)
avaimestansa (elative singular)
avaimistaan (elative plural)
avaimistansa (elative plural)
avaimeensa (illative singular)
avaimiinsa (illative plural)
avaimellaan (adessive singular)
avaimellansa (adessive singular)
avaimillaan (adessive plural)
avaimillansa (adessive plural)
avaimeltaan (ablative singular)
avaimeltansa (ablative singular)
avaimiltaan (ablative plural)
avaimiltansa (ablative plural)
avaimelleen (allative singular)
avaimellensa (allative singular)
avaimilleen (allative plural)
avaimillensa (allative plural)
avaimenaan (essive singular)
avaimenansa (essive singular)
avaiminaan (essive plural)
avaiminansa (essive plural)
avaimekseen (singular translative)
avaimeksensa (singular translative)
avaimikseen (plural translative)
avaimiksensa (plural translative)
avaimettaan (abessive singular)
avaimettansa (abessive singular)
avaimittaan (abessive plural)
avaimittansa (abessive plural)
avaimineen (comitative plural)
avaiminensa (comitative plural)

avata (“to open”) + -in, literally "an opening tool, tool for opening". Compare Livvi avain, Veps avadim.

(cryptography) key (piece of information used to encode or decode)


fractionation

fractionation (countable and uncountable, plural fractionations)

By surface analysis, fraction + -ation, or, by surface analysis, fractionate + -ion.

(cryptography) A preliminary stage of encryption that divides each plaintext symbol into several ciphertext symbols.


birthday attack

birthday attack (plural birthday attacks)

(cryptography) A covert method of decryption exploiting the so-called birthday paradox.


rainbow table

Coined by cryptanalyst Philippe Oechslin in 2003.

coined

(mathematics, cryptography) A table of surjective functions used to decrypt a text that was coded using a hash table.


unsalted

(cryptography) Without a cryptographic salt.


salausmenetelmä

salausmenetelmä (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmät (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmä (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmät (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmän (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmät (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmän (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmien (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäin (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmää (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiä (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässä (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissä (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästä (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistä (elative plural)
salausmenetelmään (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiin (illative plural)
salausmenetelmällä (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmillä (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältä (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltä (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmälle (allative singular)
salausmenetelmille (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänä (essive singular)
salausmenetelminä (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäksi (singular translative)
salausmenetelmiksi (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättä (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittä (abessive plural)
salausmenetelmin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
salausmenetelmäni (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmäni (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmäni (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmäni (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmäni (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmäni (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäni (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmieni (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäini (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmääni (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiäni (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässäni (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissäni (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästäni (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistäni (elative plural)
salausmenetelmääni (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiini (illative plural)
salausmenetelmälläni (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmilläni (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältäni (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltäni (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmälleni (allative singular)
salausmenetelmilleni (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänäni (essive singular)
salausmenetelminäni (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäkseni (singular translative)
salausmenetelmikseni (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättäni (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittäni (abessive plural)
salausmenetelmineni (comitative plural)
salausmenetelmäsi (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmäsi (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmäsi (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmäsi (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmäsi (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmäsi (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäsi (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmiesi (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäisi (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmääsi (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiäsi (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässäsi (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissäsi (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästäsi (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistäsi (elative plural)
salausmenetelmääsi (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiisi (illative plural)
salausmenetelmälläsi (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmilläsi (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältäsi (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltäsi (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmällesi (allative singular)
salausmenetelmillesi (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänäsi (essive singular)
salausmenetelminäsi (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäksesi (singular translative)
salausmenetelmiksesi (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättäsi (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittäsi (abessive plural)
salausmenetelminesi (comitative plural)
salausmenetelmämme (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmämme (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmämme (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmämme (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmämme (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmämme (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmämme (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmiemme (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäimme (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmäämme (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiämme (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässämme (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissämme (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästämme (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistämme (elative plural)
salausmenetelmäämme (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiimme (illative plural)
salausmenetelmällämme (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmillämme (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältämme (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltämme (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmällemme (allative singular)
salausmenetelmillemme (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänämme (essive singular)
salausmenetelminämme (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäksemme (singular translative)
salausmenetelmiksemme (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättämme (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittämme (abessive plural)
salausmenetelminemme (comitative plural)
salausmenetelmänne (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmänne (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmänne (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmänne (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmänne (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmänne (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmänne (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmienne (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäinne (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmäänne (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiänne (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässänne (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissänne (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästänne (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistänne (elative plural)
salausmenetelmäänne (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiinne (illative plural)
salausmenetelmällänne (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmillänne (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältänne (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltänne (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmällenne (allative singular)
salausmenetelmillenne (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänänne (essive singular)
salausmenetelminänne (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäksenne (singular translative)
salausmenetelmiksenne (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättänne (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittänne (abessive plural)
salausmenetelminenne (comitative plural)
salausmenetelmänsä (nominative singular)
salausmenetelmänsä (nominative plural)
salausmenetelmänsä (accusative nominative singular)
salausmenetelmänsä (accusative nominative plural)
salausmenetelmänsä (accusative genitive singular)
salausmenetelmänsä (accusative genitive plural)
salausmenetelmänsä (genitive singular)
salausmenetelmiensä (genitive plural)
salausmenetelmäinsä (genitive plural rare)
salausmenetelmäänsä (partitive singular)
salausmenetelmiään (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmiänsä (partitive plural)
salausmenetelmässään (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmässänsä (inessive singular)
salausmenetelmissään (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmissänsä (inessive plural)
salausmenetelmästään (elative singular)
salausmenetelmästänsä (elative singular)
salausmenetelmistään (elative plural)
salausmenetelmistänsä (elative plural)
salausmenetelmäänsä (illative singular)
salausmenetelmiinsä (illative plural)
salausmenetelmällään (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmällänsä (adessive singular)
salausmenetelmillään (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmillänsä (adessive plural)
salausmenetelmältään (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmältänsä (ablative singular)
salausmenetelmiltään (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmiltänsä (ablative plural)
salausmenetelmälleen (allative singular)
salausmenetelmällensä (allative singular)
salausmenetelmilleen (allative plural)
salausmenetelmillensä (allative plural)
salausmenetelmänään (essive singular)
salausmenetelmänänsä (essive singular)
salausmenetelminään (essive plural)
salausmenetelminänsä (essive plural)
salausmenetelmäkseen (singular translative)
salausmenetelmäksensä (singular translative)
salausmenetelmikseen (plural translative)
salausmenetelmiksensä (plural translative)
salausmenetelmättään (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmättänsä (abessive singular)
salausmenetelmittään (abessive plural)
salausmenetelmittänsä (abessive plural)
salausmenetelmineen (comitative plural)
salausmenetelminensä (comitative plural)

[ˈs̠ɑ̝lɑ̝us̠ˌme̞ne̞ˌt̪e̞lmæ]


purkaa

puran (first-person indicative present singular)
en pura (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen purkanut (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole purkanut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
purat (indicative present second-person singular)
et pura (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet purkanut (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole purkanut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
purkaa (indicative present singular third-person)
ei pura (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on purkanut (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole purkanut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
puramme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme pura (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme purkaneet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole purkaneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
puratte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette pura (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette purkaneet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole purkaneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
purkavat (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät pura (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat purkaneet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole purkaneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
puretaan (indicative passive present)
ei pureta (indicative negative passive present)
on purettu (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole purettu (indicative negative passive perfect)
purin (first-person indicative past singular)
en purkanut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin purkanut (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut purkanut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
purit (indicative past second-person singular)
et purkanut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit purkanut (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut purkanut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
purki (indicative past singular third-person)
ei purkanut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli purkanut (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut purkanut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
purimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme purkaneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme purkaneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet purkaneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
puritte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette purkaneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte purkaneet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet purkaneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
purkivat (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät purkaneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat purkaneet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet purkaneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
purettiin (indicative passive past)
ei purettu (indicative negative passive past)
oli purettu (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut purettu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
purkaisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en purkaisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin purkanut (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi purkanut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
purkaisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et purkaisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit purkanut (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi purkanut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
purkaisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei purkaisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi purkanut (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi purkanut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
purkaisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme purkaisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme purkaneet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi purkaneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
purkaisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette purkaisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte purkaneet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi purkaneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
purkaisivat (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät purkaisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat purkaneet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi purkaneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
purettaisiin (conditional passive present)
ei purettaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi purettu (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi purettu (conditional negative passive perfect)
pura (imperative present second-person singular)
älä pura (imperative negative present second-person singular)
purkakoon (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön purkako (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon purkanut (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko purkanut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
purkakaamme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme purkako (first-person imperative negative plural present)
purkakaa (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää purkako (imperative negative plural present second-person)
purkakoot (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt purkako (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot purkaneet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko purkaneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
purettakoon (imperative passive present)
älköön purettako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon purettu (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko purettu (imperative negative passive perfect)
purkanen (first-person potential present singular)
en purkane (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen purkanut (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene purkanut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
purkanet (potential present second-person singular)
et purkane (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet purkanut (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene purkanut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
purkanee (potential present singular third-person)
ei purkane (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee purkanut (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene purkanut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
purkanemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme purkane (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme purkaneet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene purkaneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
purkanette (plural potential present second-person)
ette purkane (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette purkaneet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene purkaneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
purkanevat (plural potential present third-person)
eivät purkane (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät purkaneet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene purkaneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
purettaneen (passive potential present)
ei purettane (negative passive potential present)
lienee purettu (passive perfect potential)
ei liene purettu (negative passive perfect potential)
purkaa (infinitive infinitive-i)
purkava (active participle present)
purettava (participle passive present)
purkaakseni (first-person possessive singular)
purkaaksemme (first-person plural possessive)
purkaaksesi (possessive second-person singular)
purkaaksenne (plural possessive second-person)
purkaakseen (possessive third-person)
purkaaksensa (possessive third-person)
purkanut (infinitive-i-long past)
purettu (infinitive-i-long past)
purkaessa (inessive second-person)
purettaessa (inessive second-person)
purkama (agent)
purkaessani (first-person possessive singular)
purkaessamme (first-person plural possessive)
purkaessasi (possessive second-person singular)
purkaessanne (plural possessive second-person)
purkaessaan (possessive third-person)
purkaessansa (possessive third-person)
purkamaton (inessive negative second-person)
purkaen (instructive second-person)
purkamassa (inessive third-person)
purkamasta (elative third-person)
purkamaan (illative third-person)
purkamalla (adessive third-person)
purkamatta (abessive third-person)
purkaman (instructive third-person)
purettaman (instructive third-person)
purkaminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
purkamaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
purkamaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
purkamaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
purkamaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
purkamaisillaan (possessive third-person)
purkamaisillansa (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Finnic *purkadak, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *purka-. Cognates include Northern Sami borgádit and Erzya порксамс (porksams).

(cryptography) to decrypt, decipher (a secret message)


sůl

sůl (nominative singular)
soli (nominative plural)
soli (genitive singular)
solí (genitive plural)
soli (dative singular)
solím (dative plural)
sůl (accusative singular)
soli (accusative plural)
soli (singular vocative)
soli (plural vocative)
soli (locative singular)
solích (locative plural)
solí (instrumental singular)
solemi (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech sól, from Proto-Slavic *solь, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.

(cryptography) salt (Additional bytes inserted into a plaintext message before encryption, in order to increase randomness and render brute-force decryption more difficult.)


keychain

(cryptography) A digital repository for the storage of cryptographic keys.


klíč

klíček (diminutive)
klíč (nominative singular)
klíče (nominative plural)
klíče (genitive singular)
klíčů (genitive plural)
klíči (dative singular)
klíčům (dative plural)
klíč (accusative singular)
klíče (accusative plural)
klíči (singular vocative)
klíče (plural vocative)
klíči (locative singular)
klíčích (locative plural)
klíčem (instrumental singular)
klíči (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech kľúč, From Proto-Slavic *kľučь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kljaukjas, from Proto-Indo-European *klewk-yo-s, from *kle(h₂)uk-, an extended form of *(s)kleh₂w- (“hook, key, peg”).


κλειδί

kleidí (romanization)
κλειδιά (plural)
κλειδί (nominative singular)
κλειδιά (nominative plural)
κλειδιού (genitive singular)
κλειδιών (genitive plural)
κλειδί (accusative singular)
κλειδιά (accusative plural)
κλειδί (singular vocative)
κλειδιά (plural vocative)
κλείς (alternative)

From Byzantine Greek κλειδίν (kleidín), from Ancient Greek κλειδίον (kleidíon), diminutive of κλείς (kleís), from Proto-Hellenic *klāwī́ds, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”).


Mallory

From an Anglo-Norman nickname for an unfortunate person, from Old French maleure, malheure (“unhappy, unlucky”) (whence French malheur), from mal (“bad”) + eur (“fortune”).

(cryptography, computer security) The malicious party in examples of threat scenarios. See Alice and Bob.


salata

salaan (first-person indicative present singular)
en salaa (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen salannut (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole salannut (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
salaat (indicative present second-person singular)
et salaa (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet salannut (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole salannut (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
salaa (indicative present singular third-person)
ei salaa (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on salannut (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole salannut (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
salaamme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme salaa (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme salanneet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole salanneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
salaatte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette salaa (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette salanneet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole salanneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
salaavat (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät salaa (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat salanneet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole salanneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
salataan (indicative passive present)
ei salata (indicative negative passive present)
on salattu (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole salattu (indicative negative passive perfect)
salasin (first-person indicative past singular)
en salannut (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin salannut (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut salannut (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
salasit (indicative past second-person singular)
et salannut (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit salannut (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut salannut (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
salasi (indicative past singular third-person)
ei salannut (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli salannut (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut salannut (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
salasimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme salanneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme salanneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet salanneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
salasitte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette salanneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte salanneet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet salanneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
salasivat (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät salanneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat salanneet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet salanneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
salattiin (indicative passive past)
ei salattu (indicative negative passive past)
oli salattu (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut salattu (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
salaisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en salaisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin salannut (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi salannut (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
salaisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et salaisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit salannut (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi salannut (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
salaisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei salaisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi salannut (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi salannut (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
salaisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme salaisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme salanneet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi salanneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
salaisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette salaisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte salanneet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi salanneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
salaisivat (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät salaisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat salanneet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi salanneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
salattaisiin (conditional passive present)
ei salattaisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi salattu (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi salattu (conditional negative passive perfect)
salaa (imperative present second-person singular)
älä salaa (imperative negative present second-person singular)
salatkoon (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön salatko (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon salannut (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko salannut (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
salatkaamme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme salatko (first-person imperative negative plural present)
salatkaa (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää salatko (imperative negative plural present second-person)
salatkoot (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt salatko (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot salanneet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko salanneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
salattakoon (imperative passive present)
älköön salattako (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon salattu (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko salattu (imperative negative passive perfect)
salannen (first-person potential present singular)
en salanne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen salannut (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene salannut (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
salannet (potential present second-person singular)
et salanne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet salannut (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene salannut (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
salannee (potential present singular third-person)
ei salanne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee salannut (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene salannut (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
salannemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme salanne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme salanneet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene salanneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
salannette (plural potential present second-person)
ette salanne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette salanneet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene salanneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
salannevat (plural potential present third-person)
eivät salanne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät salanneet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene salanneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
salattaneen (passive potential present)
ei salattane (negative passive potential present)
lienee salattu (passive perfect potential)
ei liene salattu (negative passive perfect potential)
salata (infinitive infinitive-i)
salaava (active participle present)
salattava (participle passive present)
salatakseni (first-person possessive singular)
salataksemme (first-person plural possessive)
salataksesi (possessive second-person singular)
salataksenne (plural possessive second-person)
salatakseen (possessive third-person)
salataksensa (possessive third-person)
salannut (infinitive-i-long past)
salattu (infinitive-i-long past)
salatessa (inessive second-person)
salattaessa (inessive second-person)
salaama (agent)
salatessani (first-person possessive singular)
salatessamme (first-person plural possessive)
salatessasi (possessive second-person singular)
salatessanne (plural possessive second-person)
salatessaan (possessive third-person)
salatessansa (possessive third-person)
salaamaton (inessive negative second-person)
salaten (instructive second-person)
salaamassa (inessive third-person)
salaamasta (elative third-person)
salaamaan (illative third-person)
salaamalla (adessive third-person)
salaamatta (abessive third-person)
salaaman (instructive third-person)
salattaman (instructive third-person)
salaaminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
salaamaisillani (first-person possessive singular)
salaamaisillamme (first-person plural possessive)
salaamaisillasi (possessive second-person singular)
salaamaisillanne (plural possessive second-person)
salaamaisillaan (possessive third-person)
salaamaisillansa (possessive third-person)

[ˈs̠ɑ̝lɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

(transitive, cryptography) to encrypt, encipher


zero-knowledge proof

en-noun

zero-knowledge proof (plural zero-knowledge proofs)

Implementation of a zero-knowledge proof significantly improves the privacy and security of many systems. However, it introduces additional costs in processing power and hard drive space.

2020, Lorne Lantz, Daniel Cawrey, Mastering Blockchain, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 185:

This issue of privacy in blockchain isn't new, and many ideas have been proposed, such as keeping the data off-chain and using zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to prove we did the right computation (e.g., Aleo and Aztec) or using mixnets to anonymize transactions (e.g., Tornado Cash).

(cryptography) An interactive method for one party to prove to another that a (usually mathematical) statement is true, without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement.

preuve à divulgation nulle de connaissance


täyte

täyte (nominative singular)
täytteet (nominative plural)
täyte (accusative nominative singular)
täytteet (accusative nominative plural)
täytteen (accusative genitive singular)
täytteet (accusative genitive plural)
täytteen (genitive singular)
täytteiden (genitive plural)
täytteitten (genitive plural)
täytettä (partitive singular)
täytteitä (partitive plural)
täytteessä (inessive singular)
täytteissä (inessive plural)
täytteestä (elative singular)
täytteistä (elative plural)
täytteeseen (illative singular)
täytteisiin (illative plural)
täytteihin (illative plural)
täytteellä (adessive singular)
täytteillä (adessive plural)
täytteeltä (ablative singular)
täytteiltä (ablative plural)
täytteelle (allative singular)
täytteille (allative plural)
täytteenä (essive singular)
täytteinä (essive plural)
täytteeksi (singular translative)
täytteiksi (plural translative)
täytteettä (abessive singular)
täytteittä (abessive plural)
täyttein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
täytteeni (nominative singular)
täytteeni (nominative plural)
täytteeni (accusative nominative singular)
täytteeni (accusative nominative plural)
täytteeni (accusative genitive singular)
täytteeni (accusative genitive plural)
täytteeni (genitive singular)
täytteideni (genitive plural)
täytteitteni (genitive plural)
täytettäni (partitive singular)
täytteitäni (partitive plural)
täytteessäni (inessive singular)
täytteissäni (inessive plural)
täytteestäni (elative singular)
täytteistäni (elative plural)
täytteeseeni (illative singular)
täytteisiini (illative plural)
täytteihini (illative plural)
täytteelläni (adessive singular)
täytteilläni (adessive plural)
täytteeltäni (ablative singular)
täytteiltäni (ablative plural)
täytteelleni (allative singular)
täytteilleni (allative plural)
täytteenäni (essive singular)
täytteinäni (essive plural)
täytteekseni (singular translative)
täytteikseni (plural translative)
täytteettäni (abessive singular)
täytteittäni (abessive plural)
täytteineni (comitative plural)
täytteesi (nominative singular)
täytteesi (nominative plural)
täytteesi (accusative nominative singular)
täytteesi (accusative nominative plural)
täytteesi (accusative genitive singular)
täytteesi (accusative genitive plural)
täytteesi (genitive singular)
täytteidesi (genitive plural)
täytteittesi (genitive plural)
täytettäsi (partitive singular)
täytteitäsi (partitive plural)
täytteessäsi (inessive singular)
täytteissäsi (inessive plural)
täytteestäsi (elative singular)
täytteistäsi (elative plural)
täytteeseesi (illative singular)
täytteisiisi (illative plural)
täytteihisi (illative plural)
täytteelläsi (adessive singular)
täytteilläsi (adessive plural)
täytteeltäsi (ablative singular)
täytteiltäsi (ablative plural)
täytteellesi (allative singular)
täytteillesi (allative plural)
täytteenäsi (essive singular)
täytteinäsi (essive plural)
täytteeksesi (singular translative)
täytteiksesi (plural translative)
täytteettäsi (abessive singular)
täytteittäsi (abessive plural)
täytteinesi (comitative plural)
täytteemme (nominative singular)
täytteemme (nominative plural)
täytteemme (accusative nominative singular)
täytteemme (accusative nominative plural)
täytteemme (accusative genitive singular)
täytteemme (accusative genitive plural)
täytteemme (genitive singular)
täytteidemme (genitive plural)
täytteittemme (genitive plural)
täytettämme (partitive singular)
täytteitämme (partitive plural)
täytteessämme (inessive singular)
täytteissämme (inessive plural)
täytteestämme (elative singular)
täytteistämme (elative plural)
täytteeseemme (illative singular)
täytteisiimme (illative plural)
täytteihimme (illative plural)
täytteellämme (adessive singular)
täytteillämme (adessive plural)
täytteeltämme (ablative singular)
täytteiltämme (ablative plural)
täytteellemme (allative singular)
täytteillemme (allative plural)
täytteenämme (essive singular)
täytteinämme (essive plural)
täytteeksemme (singular translative)
täytteiksemme (plural translative)
täytteettämme (abessive singular)
täytteittämme (abessive plural)
täytteinemme (comitative plural)
täytteenne (nominative singular)
täytteenne (nominative plural)
täytteenne (accusative nominative singular)
täytteenne (accusative nominative plural)
täytteenne (accusative genitive singular)
täytteenne (accusative genitive plural)
täytteenne (genitive singular)
täytteidenne (genitive plural)
täytteittenne (genitive plural)
täytettänne (partitive singular)
täytteitänne (partitive plural)
täytteessänne (inessive singular)
täytteissänne (inessive plural)
täytteestänne (elative singular)
täytteistänne (elative plural)
täytteeseenne (illative singular)
täytteisiinne (illative plural)
täytteihinne (illative plural)
täytteellänne (adessive singular)
täytteillänne (adessive plural)
täytteeltänne (ablative singular)
täytteiltänne (ablative plural)
täytteellenne (allative singular)
täytteillenne (allative plural)
täytteenänne (essive singular)
täytteinänne (essive plural)
täytteeksenne (singular translative)
täytteiksenne (plural translative)
täytteettänne (abessive singular)
täytteittänne (abessive plural)
täytteinenne (comitative plural)
täytteensä (nominative singular)
täytteensä (nominative plural)
täytteensä (accusative nominative singular)
täytteensä (accusative nominative plural)
täytteensä (accusative genitive singular)
täytteensä (accusative genitive plural)
täytteensä (genitive singular)
täytteidensä (genitive plural)
täytteittensä (genitive plural)
täytettään (partitive singular)
täytettänsä (partitive singular)
täytteitään (partitive plural)
täytteitänsä (partitive plural)
täytteessään (inessive singular)
täytteessänsä (inessive singular)
täytteissään (inessive plural)
täytteissänsä (inessive plural)
täytteestään (elative singular)
täytteestänsä (elative singular)
täytteistään (elative plural)
täytteistänsä (elative plural)
täytteeseensä (illative singular)
täytteisiinsä (illative plural)
täytteihinsä (illative plural)
täytteellään (adessive singular)
täytteellänsä (adessive singular)
täytteillään (adessive plural)
täytteillänsä (adessive plural)
täytteeltään (ablative singular)
täytteeltänsä (ablative singular)
täytteiltään (ablative plural)
täytteiltänsä (ablative plural)
täytteelleen (allative singular)
täytteellensä (allative singular)
täytteilleen (allative plural)
täytteillensä (allative plural)
täytteenään (essive singular)
täytteenänsä (essive singular)
täytteinään (essive plural)
täytteinänsä (essive plural)
täytteekseen (singular translative)
täytteeksensä (singular translative)
täytteikseen (plural translative)
täytteiksensä (plural translative)
täytteettään (abessive singular)
täytteettänsä (abessive singular)
täytteittään (abessive plural)
täytteittänsä (abessive plural)
täytteineen (comitative plural)
täytteinensä (comitative plural)


klucz

pl-noun

klucz m inan (diminutive kluczyk, related adjective kluczowy)

kluczyk (diminutive)
kluczowy (adjective)
klucz (nominative singular)
klucze (nominative plural)
klucza (genitive singular)
kluczy (genitive plural)
kluczowi (dative singular)
kluczom (dative plural)
klucz (accusative singular)
klucze (accusative plural)
kluczem (instrumental singular)
kluczami (instrumental plural)
kluczu (locative singular)
kluczach (locative plural)
kluczu (singular vocative)
klucze (plural vocative)


fractionate

en-verb

fractionate (third-person singular simple present fractionates, present participle fractionating, simple past and past participle fractionated)

fractionates (present singular third-person)
fractionating (participle present)
fractionated (participle past)
fractionated (past)

From fraction + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

(cryptography) To divide each plaintext symbol into several ciphertext symbols as a preliminary stage of encryption.


allekirjoitus

allekirjoitus (nominative singular)
allekirjoitukset (nominative plural)
allekirjoitus (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoitukset (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoituksen (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoitukset (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoituksen (genitive singular)
allekirjoitusten (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksien (genitive plural)
allekirjoitusta (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksia (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessa (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissa (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksesta (elative singular)
allekirjoituksista (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseen (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiin (illative plural)
allekirjoituksella (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksilla (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukselta (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksilta (ablative plural)
allekirjoitukselle (allative singular)
allekirjoituksille (allative plural)
allekirjoituksena (essive singular)
allekirjoituksina (essive plural)
allekirjoitukseksi (singular translative)
allekirjoituksiksi (plural translative)
allekirjoituksetta (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksitta (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
allekirjoitukseni (nominative singular)
allekirjoitukseni (nominative plural)
allekirjoitukseni (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoitukseni (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoitukseni (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoitukseni (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoitukseni (genitive singular)
allekirjoitusteni (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksieni (genitive plural)
allekirjoitustani (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksiani (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessani (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissani (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksestani (elative singular)
allekirjoituksistani (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseeni (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiini (illative plural)
allekirjoituksellani (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksillani (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukseltani (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksiltani (ablative plural)
allekirjoitukselleni (allative singular)
allekirjoituksilleni (allative plural)
allekirjoituksenani (essive singular)
allekirjoituksinani (essive plural)
allekirjoituksekseni (singular translative)
allekirjoituksikseni (plural translative)
allekirjoituksettani (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksittani (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksineni (comitative plural)
allekirjoituksesi (nominative singular)
allekirjoituksesi (nominative plural)
allekirjoituksesi (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoituksesi (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoituksesi (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoituksesi (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoituksesi (genitive singular)
allekirjoitustesi (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksiesi (genitive plural)
allekirjoitustasi (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksiasi (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessasi (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissasi (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksestasi (elative singular)
allekirjoituksistasi (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseesi (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiisi (illative plural)
allekirjoituksellasi (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksillasi (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukseltasi (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksiltasi (ablative plural)
allekirjoituksellesi (allative singular)
allekirjoituksillesi (allative plural)
allekirjoituksenasi (essive singular)
allekirjoituksinasi (essive plural)
allekirjoitukseksesi (singular translative)
allekirjoituksiksesi (plural translative)
allekirjoituksettasi (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksittasi (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksinesi (comitative plural)
allekirjoituksemme (nominative singular)
allekirjoituksemme (nominative plural)
allekirjoituksemme (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoituksemme (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoituksemme (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoituksemme (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoituksemme (genitive singular)
allekirjoitustemme (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksiemme (genitive plural)
allekirjoitustamme (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksiamme (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessamme (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissamme (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksestamme (elative singular)
allekirjoituksistamme (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseemme (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiimme (illative plural)
allekirjoituksellamme (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksillamme (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukseltamme (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksiltamme (ablative plural)
allekirjoituksellemme (allative singular)
allekirjoituksillemme (allative plural)
allekirjoituksenamme (essive singular)
allekirjoituksinamme (essive plural)
allekirjoitukseksemme (singular translative)
allekirjoituksiksemme (plural translative)
allekirjoituksettamme (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksittamme (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksinemme (comitative plural)
allekirjoituksenne (nominative singular)
allekirjoituksenne (nominative plural)
allekirjoituksenne (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoituksenne (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoituksenne (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoituksenne (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoituksenne (genitive singular)
allekirjoitustenne (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksienne (genitive plural)
allekirjoitustanne (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksianne (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessanne (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissanne (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksestanne (elative singular)
allekirjoituksistanne (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseenne (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiinne (illative plural)
allekirjoituksellanne (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksillanne (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukseltanne (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksiltanne (ablative plural)
allekirjoituksellenne (allative singular)
allekirjoituksillenne (allative plural)
allekirjoituksenanne (essive singular)
allekirjoituksinanne (essive plural)
allekirjoitukseksenne (singular translative)
allekirjoituksiksenne (plural translative)
allekirjoituksettanne (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksittanne (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksinenne (comitative plural)
allekirjoituksensa (nominative singular)
allekirjoituksensa (nominative plural)
allekirjoituksensa (accusative nominative singular)
allekirjoituksensa (accusative nominative plural)
allekirjoituksensa (accusative genitive singular)
allekirjoituksensa (accusative genitive plural)
allekirjoituksensa (genitive singular)
allekirjoitustensa (genitive plural)
allekirjoituksiensa (genitive plural)
allekirjoitustaan (partitive singular)
allekirjoitustansa (partitive singular)
allekirjoituksiaan (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksiansa (partitive plural)
allekirjoituksessaan (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksessansa (inessive singular)
allekirjoituksissaan (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksissansa (inessive plural)
allekirjoituksestaan (elative singular)
allekirjoituksestansa (elative singular)
allekirjoituksistaan (elative plural)
allekirjoituksistansa (elative plural)
allekirjoitukseensa (illative singular)
allekirjoituksiinsa (illative plural)
allekirjoituksellaan (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksellansa (adessive singular)
allekirjoituksillaan (adessive plural)
allekirjoituksillansa (adessive plural)
allekirjoitukseltaan (ablative singular)
allekirjoitukseltansa (ablative singular)
allekirjoituksiltaan (ablative plural)
allekirjoituksiltansa (ablative plural)
allekirjoitukselleen (allative singular)
allekirjoituksellensa (allative singular)
allekirjoituksilleen (allative plural)
allekirjoituksillensa (allative plural)
allekirjoituksenaan (essive singular)
allekirjoituksenansa (essive singular)
allekirjoituksinaan (essive plural)
allekirjoituksinansa (essive plural)
allekirjoituksekseen (singular translative)
allekirjoitukseksensa (singular translative)
allekirjoituksikseen (plural translative)
allekirjoituksiksensa (plural translative)
allekirjoituksettaan (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksettansa (abessive singular)
allekirjoituksittaan (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksittansa (abessive plural)
allekirjoituksineen (comitative plural)
allekirjoituksinensa (comitative plural)

(cryptography) signature, digital signature