foxy

foxy (comparative foxier, superlative foxiest)

foxier (comparative)
foxiest (superlative)

His eye for colour was so exquisite that I do not think there is a single instance in all his works of a heated tint which is called foxy. This cannot be said of Rubens or Rembrandt […]

1844, Benjamin Robert Haydon, Lectures on Painting and Design:

Although the skies of Brydael's pictures are often broken with rather heavy masses of orange and yellow clouds, yet, taking him altogether, he was not a 'foxy' painter; on the contrary, there is a silvery coolness about some of his pictures which pleases us.

1870, Frederick Peter Seguier, A Critical and Commercial Dictionary of the Works of Painters:

(art) Using too much of the reddish-brown colours.


fusain

Borrowed from French fusain, from Vulgar Latin *fusago, from Latin fusus.

ca. 1882, Vincent van Gogh, letter 287, in Brieven aan zijn broeder, part 2, publ. 1914, page 158.
Ik heb deze teekening gemaakt met fusain en bergkrijt en drukinkt.

I have made this drawing with fusain and mountain chalk and printer's ink.

(art, chiefly uncountable) fusain, a type of charcoal used for drawing


jour fixe

Borrowed from French jour fixe (literally “fixed day”).

bor

(art) A series of presentations and/or performances, discussions or similar events that happen on a fixed day every month (or similar; for example "every second Sunday of a month"). Used mainly by cultural and artistic organizations.

jour fixe

series of events that happen on a fixed day every month


repose

en-noun

repose (countable and uncountable, plural reposes)

Berthe Morisot
Rhode Island School of Design Museum
Édouard Manet

The verb is derived from Middle English reposen (“to rest”), from Anglo-Norman reposer, reposir, and Middle French reposer, from Old French reposer, repauser (“to become calm; to be peaceful; to rest; to be immobile; to lie or be placed; to cease, stop; to neglect”) (modern French reposer), from Latin repausāre, the present active infinitive of repausō (“(Late Latin) to be at rest; to lie down, rest; to sleep; to calm, pacify; (Latin) to halt temporarily, pause”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again; back, backwards’) + pausō (“to cease, halt; to pause”) (from pausa (“a halt, stop; a pause; an end”), from Ancient Greek παῦσῐς (paûsis, “ceasing, stopping”), from παύω (paúō, “to cease; to make to cease, stop; to bring to an end; to hinder”) (further etymology uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, little; smallness”)) + -σῐς (-sis, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result)).
The noun is derived from Late Middle English repose, from Anglo-Norman repous, repos, and Middle French repos, repose, from Old French repos (“calm; rest; period or state of sleep; state of immobility; state of inaction”) (modern French repos), from reposer, repauser (verb) (see above).
Noun sense 12.3 (“technique of including in a painting an area or areas which are dark, indistinct, or soft in tone”) is borrowed from French repos.
cognates
* Catalan reposar (verb), repòs (noun)
* Italian riposare (verb), riposo (noun)
* Old Occitan repausar, repauzar (verb), repaus (noun)
* Portuguese repousar (verb), repouso (noun)
* Spanish reposar (verb), reposo (noun)

ref

From the collection of the Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.

հանգիստ

temporary cessation from activity to rest and recover, especially in the form of sleep; an instance of this — see also break, rest

VVe are to take occaſion as much as poſſibly vve can, […] to find the repoſe of vvhich vve ſpeak, by the Light and by the Shadovv, vvhich naturally accompany ſolid Bodies.

1695, [Roger de Piles], “Observations on the Art of Painting of Charles Alphonse du Fresnoy”, in C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, translated by John Dryden, De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […], →OCLC, page 162:

(uncountable, architecture, art) The arrangement of elements of an artwork, a building, etc., that is restful and soothing to a viewer; harmony.


abakus

abakusen (definite singular)
abakuser (indefinite plural)
abakusene (definite plural)

NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «abakus».ogg

From Latin abacus, abax (“sideboard or table with a slab at the top; slab at the top of a column; counting board, sand table; board for playing games”), from Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax, “counting board; board covered with sand for drawing; plate; dice-board”), possibly from a Semitic source, such as Phoenician -𐤀𐤁𐤀𐤒 (-ʾbʾq) or Hebrew אָבָק (avák, “dust”).

den korinthiske [søyle], hvis abacus, bøiet og med afskaarne hjørner, bar en liden roset paa hver sides midte

1902, Lorentz Dietrichson, Omrids af den kirkelige Kunstarkæologi, page 34:

the Corinthian [pillar], whose abacus, bent and with truncated corners, bore a small rosette in the middle of each side

Abakus er den øvre, plateformete delen av kapitélet på en søyle, som benyttes som opplagringspunkt for bjelker.

The abacus is the upper, plate-shaped part of the capital of a pillar, which is used as a storage point for beams.

(architecture, art) abacus (the uppermost portion of the capital of a column immediately under the architrave)


transparency

en-noun

transparency (countable and uncountable, plural transparencies)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspārentia.

bor+

According to Bray (Life of Stothard, p. 50), the silversmiths Rundell and Bridge displayed a large transparency by Thomas Stothard, painted in thin oils on canvas and lit from behind, in front of their house on Ludgate Hill in honour of the King's Jubilee in 1810.

1810, Royal Collection Trust, Design for a transparency of George III:

It soon came: as they were on their way to a transparency of their majesties, not a little larger than life—with Bellona, in a very handsome helmet, on one side, and Peace, with a cornucopia and a full blown wreath of roses, on the other—the path was interrupted by a little knot of gentlemen.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Fête”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 59:

(countable, art) A transparent artwork, viewable by shining light through it.


script

nl-noun

script n (plural scripts, diminutive scriptje n or (Netherlands, informal) scrippie n)

scripts (plural)
scriptje (diminutive neuter)
scrippie (Netherlands diminutive informal neuter)

(art) script (written text of a dramatic performance)


sprezzatura

en-noun

sprezzatura (usually uncountable, plural sprezzaturas)

Borrowed from Italian sprezzatura (“nonchalance”), which was coined in 1528 by Baldassare Castiglione; the term gained currency in English in the mid-20th century, often to describe art.

[…] I have found quite a universal rule which in this matter seems to me valid above all others, and in all human affairs whether in word or deed: and that is to avoid affectation in every way possible as though it were some very rough and dangerous reef; and (to pronounce a new word perhaps) to practice in all things a certain sprezzatura [nonchalance]^([sic]), so as to conceal all art and make whatever is done or said appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it.

1959, Charles S. Singleton, transl., The Book of the Courtier, translation of Il libro del Cortegiano by Baldassare Castiglione, The First Book, page 43:

Cassandra Wilson's music is the essence of sprezzatura, or calculated nonchalance, that special attitude described nearly 500 years ago by Baldassare Castiglione in “The Courtier,” his primer on how to ingratiate yourself with the aristocracy.

2002 February 19, Ben Ratliff, “Seeming So Nonchalant Can Be Harder Than It Looks”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Mr. Mork played with soulful intensity (and impeccable intonation), and the interplay between him and Mr. Repin, with nicely coordinated gestures and phrasings, was enjoyable to watch. But Mr. Repin’s technical struggles were all too evident — the very opposite of sprezzatura.

2013 August 18, Corinna da Fonseca-Wollheim, “Unloading the Weightiness of Brahms With a Few Flicks”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

In men's fashion the ultimate style move is sprezzatura, embracing intentional errors such as undone buttons and misaligned neckties. Gianni Agnelli, the head of Fiat, wore watches over his shirtsleeves.

2022, W. David Marx, chapter 4, in Status and Culture, Viking, →ISBN:

(chiefly art, music) The art of performing a difficult task so gracefully that it looks effortless; calculated nonchalance.


sprezzatura

→ English: sprezzatura

From sprezzare (“to despise”) + -tura. In the sense of nonchalance used by Baldassare Castiglione in Il Cortegiano, published in 1528.

[…] trovo una regula universalissima, la qual mi par valer circa questo in tutte le cose umane che si facciano o dicano piú che alcuna altra, e ciò è fuggir quanto piú si po, e come un asperissimo e pericoloso scoglio, la affettazione; e, per dir forse una nova parola, usar in ogni cosa una certa sprezzatura, che nasconda l’arte e dimostri ciò che si fa e dice venir fatto senza fatica e quasi senza pensarvi.

1528, Baldassare Castiglione, “XXVI”, in Il Cortegiano:

[…] have found quite a universal rule which in this matter seems to me valid above all others, and in all human affairs whether in word or deed: and that is to avoid affectation in every way possible as though it were some very rough and dangerous reef; and (to pronounce a new word perhaps) to practice in all things a certain Sprezzatura [nonchalance], so as to conceal all art and make whatever is done or said appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it.

Baldassare Castiglione
The Book of the Courtier


texture

texture (countable and uncountable, plural textures)

/ˈtɛkʃt͡ʃə(ɹ)/

Borrowed from Middle French texture, borrowed from Latin textūra (“a weaving, web, texture, structure”), from textus, past participle of texere (“to weave”). See text. Doublet of tessitura.

der

The piece of music had a mainly homophonic texture.

(art) The quality given to a work of art by the composition and interaction of its parts.

textura

art: quality produced by interaction of elements


cuivre

fr-noun

cuivre m (countable and uncountable, plural cuivres)

Inherited from Old French cuivre, quivre, queivre, coivre, from Latin Cyprium, cupreum (aes) (compare cuprum) from Ancient Greek Κῠ́προς (Kúpros, “Cyprus”). It was not uncommon for Greek short ῠ (pronounced in Classical Attic as /y/) to be adapted as Latin short ŭ. This would normally yield Proto-Western-Romance *[o], but a following palatal sound apparently could cause *[o] to be raised to *[u] (or alternatively, the original close quality of Latin short ŭ to be retained) early enough for the sound change of Proto-Western-Romance *[u] > Old French [y] to apply, yielding the now standard form with ⟨ui⟩ (Old French [yj], modern French [ɥi]). Compare truite from Late Latin tructa, puits from Latin puteus, and huis from Latin ōstium. (But ⟨oi⟩ is seen in forms such as rasoir < rasōrium). Compare the development of ēbrius to French ivre (as opposed to *oivre). A competing explanation supposes a sporadic lowering of Latin ŭ to ŏ (yielding *coprium) or of Western Romance *o to *ɔ, since *ɔ was regularly diphthongized to *uɔ before a palatal and the resulting triphthong *uɔi was simplified to Old French ui (compare corium > cuir).


moule

Inherited from Old French modle, an old (11th century) borrowing from Latin modulus (“measure”) (compare Catalan motlle). Doublet of module, a more recent borrowing.

(art, manufacturing) mould (UK), mold (US)


Hermes

From the Ancient Greek Ἑρμῆς (Hermês), itself of disputed meaning and origin, possibly of non-Indo-European substrate or from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind, put together”).

(art) A head or bust on a square base, often double-faced.


immersion

en-noun

immersion (countable and uncountable, plural immersions)

From late Middle English, borrowed from Late Latin immersiō, immersiōnem (“dipping”).

потапяне

the act of immersing or the condition of being immersed

(art) A creative relationship with one's social and ecological environment as practiced by the Brooklyn Immersionists.


japonaiserie

en-noun

japonaiserie (countable and uncountable, plural japonaiseries)

(art) Art objects made in the Japanese style.


japonaiserie

From japonais + -erie. Compare japonerie.

(art) Japonism, a style in art, or an artistic object, that reflects the influence of Japanese art


constructivism

constructivism (countable and uncountable, plural constructivisms)

(art) A Russian movement in modern art characterized by the creation of nonrepresentational geometric objects using industrial materials.


phallus

la-noun

phallus m (genitive phallī); second declension

phallī (genitive)
phallus (nominative singular)
phallī (nominative plural)
phallī (genitive singular)
phallōrum (genitive plural)
phallō (dative singular)
phallīs (dative plural)
phallum (accusative singular)
phallōs (accusative plural)
phallō (ablative singular)
phallīs (ablative plural)
phalle (singular vocative)
phallī (plural vocative)

Asturian: falu

Catalan: fal·lus

→ Czech: falus

→ Dutch: fallus

→ English: phallus

→ French: phallus

Galician: falo

→ German: Phallus

Italian: fallo

→ Occitan: fallus

→ Polish: fallus

→ Portuguese: falo

Romanian: falus (possibly via French)

desc

→ Russian: фа́ллус (fállus), фалл (fall)

→ Serbo-Croatian: falus, фалус

Sicilian: fallu

Spanish: falo

→ Turkish: fallus

[ˈpʰälːʲʊs̠]

From Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “membrum virile, phallus, or a figure thereof”), likely ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell up”); compare follis (“sack”).

der

(figurative, art) phallus; an artistic image of the membrum virile or other figurative representation of the erect penis as an icon representing male sexuality, potency, fertility


Mobile

de-noun

Mobile n (strong, genitive Mobiles, plural Mobiles)

Mobiles (genitive)
Mobiles (plural)
Mobile (nominative singular)
Mobiles (definite nominative plural)
Mobiles (genitive singular)
Mobiles (definite genitive plural)
Mobile (dative singular)
Mobiles (dative definite plural)
Mobile (accusative singular)
Mobiles (accusative definite plural)


Montage

Montage f (genitive Montage, plural Montagen)

Montage (genitive)
Montagen (plural)
Montage (nominative singular)
Montagen (definite nominative plural)
Montage (genitive singular)
Montagen (definite genitive plural)
Montage (dative singular)
Montagen (dative definite plural)
Montage (accusative singular)
Montagen (accusative definite plural)

19th century, Unadapted borrowing from French montage.


Met

(New York, art) The current or historical Metropolitan Opera House or its opera company.


Underground

Underground m (strong, genitive Undergrounds, no plural)

Undergrounds (genitive)
Underground (nominative singular)
Undergrounds (genitive singular)
Underground (dative singular)
Underground (accusative singular)

Unadapted borrowing from English underground


Virgin

From virgin, q.v. The sense of Mary, mother of Jesus, comes from the Christian belief in Jesus's virgin birth and Mary's freedom from sin. The river sense derives from the name of Thomas Virgin, a member of the first American party to see the river, led by Jedediah Smith in 1826. The town sense derives from the name of the river, along which it is located.

Of the forty-five floats presenting Virgins alone, two are preeminent and the subject of such veneration that even the most casual observer must reflect on the fact that Holy Week, which commemorates Christ's passion and death, has become in Spain a celebration in which he plays a secondary role, with his mother becoming the central figure.

1968, James A. Michener, “Sevilla”, in Iberia, New York, NY: Dial Press, published 2015, →ISBN, page 317:

(Christianity, art) A representation (picture, statue etc.) of Virgin Mary.


vesica

Learned borrowing from Latin vēsīca (“bladder”).

lbor

(art) The vesica piscis or oval aureole in mediaeval painting.


lay off

en-verb

lay off (third-person singular simple present lays off, present participle laying off, simple past and past participle laid off)

lays off (present singular third-person)
laying off (participle present)
laid off (participle past)
laid off (past)

At any pro paint shop ask for laying off brushes. These are natural bristle, wide, thin brushes designed for tipping off, not for holding a paint load. (Sourced from a web forum exchange)

He shows me how to lay off the paint — and moves his paintbrush across the section he had already painted, again and again.

(transitive, intransitive, art) In painting, to apply gentle strokes to smooth a wet coat of paint so as to remove visible roller- or brush-marks, commonly using a dry brush; a similar technique, but using a loaded laying-off brush, may produce a smooth coat of paint when using a roller or the usual brush techniques would leave marks.

töpöttää

painting: to apply gentle strokes to smooth a wet coat


Art Deco

/ˌɑːɹt ˈdɛkəʊ/

/ˌɑɹt ˈdɛkoʊ/

Borrowed from French Art déco, first used in the catalogue of an exhibition at the Musée des Arts Decoratifs in Paris, France, in 1966. Art déco is a clipping of arts décoratifs (“decorative arts”) (from the name of an exhibition called L’Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes (The International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in 1925), from arts (plural of art (“art”)) + décoratifs (plural of décoratif (“decorative”)).

ref

From the collection of the Musée d’Art Moderne de Paris (Museum of Modern Art of Paris), France.

clipping

A pair of Armada flagons were bought for £1,900 and a four-piece Art Deco tea set on a matching tray was sold at £1,500.

1978 July 26, Paula Judge, “Saleroom: Jane Austen Ms [manuscript] sold for £38,000”, in Financial Times, number 27,620, London: The Financial Times Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 5, column 8:

These properties reflect the wide variety of resources that represent the American heritage. They include skyscrapers in Chicago and mining structures in Alaska; prehistoric petroglyphs in Nevada and World War II fortifications in Guam; a district of art deco buildings in Miami and a district of prominent artists' and writers' homes in Santa Fe.

1989, “Introduction”, in National Register of Historic Places 1966–1988, Washington, D.C.: National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers; National Park Service; Nashville, Tenn.: American Association for State and Local History, →ISBN, page ix, column 1:

Always in the same district, at 61 Olive Street, is the Oviatt Building, one of [the] most important examples of Art Deco architecture found within Los Angeles city limits, and once a prestigious clothing shop boasting such clients as Rudolph Valentino and Douglas Fairbanks Jr. […] The store was replaced by today's Rex II Restaurant, decorated as an^([sic – meaning a]) 1920s ocean liner in keeping with the overall Art Deco decor.

1995, Rosanna Cirigliano, “Los Angeles”, in California, Florence: Casa Editrice Bonechi; San Francisco, Calif.: Smith Novelty Company, →ISBN, page 119:

This project has stripped away modern PVCu and aluminium shop fronts to reveal original or 1930s Art Deco work, with judicious repairs and replacements as necessary, plus stonework repairs and the restoration of traditional London Transport signage.

2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards Honour the Best Restoration Projects: The Great Western Railway Craft Skills Award: Victoria Arcade”, in Rail, number 946, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 59:

(architecture, art, also attributive) A style of decorative art (often used in household objects) and architecture originating in the 1920s and 1930s, characterized by bold geometric forms, strong contrasting colours, and simple composition.

Chrysler Building
Paul Follot
William Van Alen

Art Deco

style of decorative art and architecture


secco

Borrowed from Italian secco (“dry”). Doublet of sec.

Secco painting, or painting in secco, is painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from fresco painting, on wet or fresh plaster.


secco

The Roman frescoes are generally robust, but the Chinese and Egyptian seccos are inherently weak […]

1987, James Black, Recent Advances in the Conservation and Analysis of Artifacts, page 289:

(art) A work painted on dry plaster, as distinguished from a fresco.


secco

id-noun

secco (first-person possessive seccoku, second-person possessive seccomu, third-person possessive secconya)

seccoku (first-person possessive)
seccomu (possessive second-person)
secconya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian secco (literally “dry”), from Latin siccus, from Proto-Indo-European *seyk-.

ubor

(art) secco: A work painted on dry plaster, as distinguished from a fresco.


picture plane

(art) The imaginary plane correspondent with the physical surface of a drawing, painting or print.


medio

es-adj

medio (feminine media, masculine plural medios, feminine plural medias)

media (feminine)
medios (masculine plural)
medias (feminine plural)

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

Borrowed directly from Latin medius (“half”) rather than inherited through an Old Spanish form, possibly because the likely forms *meo and *meyo would have closely resembled mear (“to piss”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Compare Portuguese meio, which retained its original inherited form. In reference to spiritual mediums, calqued from Latin medium. Doublet of media. Cognate with English medium.

(art) tasteful, bourgeois (well decorated or executed but not sublime)


medio

¿Cuál es tu medio de pintura favorito?

(physics) medium (the physical space and substance through which some phenomenon occurs)

(art) medium (the physical substances with which art is made)


graphomania

en-noun

graphomania (usually uncountable, plural graphomanias)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-graphomania.wav

/ˌɡɹæfəˈmeɪni.ə/

A devoted explorer of decalcomania, fumage, frottage, collage and other methods of pictorial automatism, Colquhoun invented several magic-inspired techniques of her own, including graphomania, stillomania, and parsemage.

1998, Penelope Rosemont, editor, Surrealist Women: An International Anthology, University of Texas Press, page 113:

Entoptic graphomania
w:Entoptic graphomania

(art) Used as part of the name of various surrealist techniques, e.g., a method in which dots are made at the sites of impurities in a blank sheet of paper, and lines are then made between the dots; see "Entoptic graphomania".


figürlich

de-adj

figürlich (strong nominative masculine singular figürlicher, comparative figürlicher, superlative am figürlichsten)

figürlicher (masculine nominative singular strong)
figürlicher (comparative)
am figürlichsten (superlative)
figürlich (masculine predicative singular)
figürlich (feminine predicative singular)
figürlich (neuter predicative singular)
figürlich (plural predicative)
figürlicher (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
figürliche (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
figürliches (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
figürliche (nominative plural strong without-article)
figürlichen (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
figürlicher (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
figürlichen (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
figürlicher (genitive plural strong without-article)
figürlichem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
figürlicher (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
figürlichem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
figürlichen (dative plural strong without-article)
figürlichen (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
figürliche (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
figürliches (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
figürliche (accusative plural strong without-article)
der figürliche (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die figürliche (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das figürliche (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die figürlichen (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des figürlichen (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der figürlichen (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des figürlichen (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der figürlichen (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem figürlichen (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der figürlichen (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem figürlichen (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den figürlichen (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den figürlichen (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die figürliche (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das figürliche (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die figürlichen (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein figürlicher (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine figürliche (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein figürliches (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
figürlichen (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine figürlichen (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines figürlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer figürlichen (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines figürlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlichen (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner figürlichen (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem figürlichen (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer figürlichen (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem figürlichen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlichen (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen figürlichen (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen figürlichen (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine figürliche (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein figürliches (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlichen (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine figürlichen (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
figürlicher (comparative masculine predicative singular)
figürlicher (comparative feminine predicative singular)
figürlicher (comparative neuter predicative singular)
figürlicher (comparative plural predicative)
figürlicherer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
figürlichere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
figürlicheres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
figürlichere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
figürlicheren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
figürlicherer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
figürlicheren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
figürlicherer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
figürlicherem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
figürlicherer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
figürlicherem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
figürlicheren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
figürlicheren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
figürlichere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
figürlicheres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
figürlichere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der figürlichere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die figürlichere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das figürlichere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die figürlicheren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des figürlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der figürlicheren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des figürlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der figürlicheren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem figürlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der figürlicheren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem figürlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den figürlicheren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den figürlicheren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die figürlichere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das figürlichere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die figürlicheren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein figürlicherer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine figürlichere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein figürlicheres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
figürlicheren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine figürlicheren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines figürlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer figürlicheren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines figürlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlicheren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner figürlicheren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem figürlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer figürlicheren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem figürlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlicheren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen figürlicheren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen figürlicheren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine figürlichere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein figürlicheres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
figürlicheren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine figürlicheren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am figürlichsten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am figürlichsten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am figürlichsten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am figürlichsten (plural predicative superlative)
figürlichster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
figürlichsten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichsten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
figürlichstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichsten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
figürlichsten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
figürlichste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der figürlichste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die figürlichste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das figürlichste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die figürlichsten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des figürlichsten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der figürlichsten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des figürlichsten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der figürlichsten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem figürlichsten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der figürlichsten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem figürlichsten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den figürlichsten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den figürlichsten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die figürlichste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das figürlichste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die figürlichsten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein figürlichster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine figürlichste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein figürlichstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
figürlichsten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine figürlichsten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines figürlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer figürlichsten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines figürlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
figürlichsten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner figürlichsten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem figürlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer figürlichsten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem figürlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
figürlichsten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen figürlichsten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen figürlichsten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine figürlichste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein figürlichstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
figürlichsten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine figürlichsten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

/fiˈɡyːɐ̯lɪç/


automatism

en-noun

automatism (countable and uncountable, plural automatisms)

/ɔːˈtɒmətɪzəm/

Overcoming the gravity of representation and the figurative, automatism and acquired reflexes, she mixes brute force and translucid emotions to paint an ontological, disquieting, enigmatic human figure free from artifice, universal in its expression.

(uncountable, art) A surrealist painting technique whereby one attempts to move the brush, pen etc. without conscious control over it.


impressionism

impressionism (countable and uncountable, plural impressionisms)

(art) An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities.


objet trouvé

French objet (“object”) + trouvé (“found”)


found object

Over a period of years David brought me a series of found objects to use in my work. I treasure those objects too much to use them. Rick Lowe of Project Row Houses [in Houston] has evolved from a young, hard-working artist whose found art is cultural preservation.

2016, Robert Craig Bunch, The Art of Found Objects: Interviews with Texas Artists, page 76:

(art) A natural object, or one manufactured for some other purpose, considered as a work of art.


trophy

→ Japanese: トロフィー (torofī)

→ Korean: 트로피 (teuropi)

→ Malayalam: ട്രോഫി (ṭrōphi)

From Middle French trophée, from Latin trophaeum (“a sign of victory, a monument”), tropaeum, from Ancient Greek τρόπαιον (trópaion, “monument of an enemy's defeat”), from neuter of τροπαῖος (tropaîos, “of defeat”), from τροπή (tropḗ, “a rout, a turning of an enemy”).

трафе́й

object taken by a hunter or conqueror of their success

The souvenirs which many killers retain of their victims are often described as trophies, and Norman Bates's taxidermic interests derived from the real-life Ed Gein.

1994, Philip Jenkins, Using Murder: The Social Construction of Serial Homicide, →ISBN, page 117:

A trophy from this murder would have been of great importance.

2001, R. Michael Gordon, Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects, →ISBN, page 82:

The offender is also likely to mentally relive his killings, often with the help of souvenirs or trophies, such as a bracelet or a body part taken from the victim.

2004, Ronald F. Becker, Criminal Investigation, →ISBN, page 168:

(art, architecture) A display of weaponry and other militaria, often captured from a defeated enemy, as an ornament designed for the purpose of triumphalist display by a victor or as a show of military prowess by a monarch.


synaesthesia

en-noun

synaesthesia (countable and uncountable, plural synaesthesiae or synaesthesias)

synaesthesiae (plural)
synaesthesias (plural)

/ˌsɪn.ɪsˈθiː.ʒə/

From Ancient Greek σύν (sún, “with”) + αἴσθησις (aísthēsis, “sensation”), modelled after anaesthesia. It is analysable as syn- + -aesthesia.

Linking moods with colours is one example of synaesthesia. […] As a tool for improving writing, the idea of synaesthesia is versatile and innovative. Why use only visual references to describe visual impressions? Why just describe sounds using sound-related words? Play with cross-matching the senses.

2006, Stephen Bowkett, “Descriptive Writing”, in Boys and Writing (Pocket PAL), London: Network Continuum Education, Continuum International Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 38:

[I]t may be stated that the concept of synaesthesia is instrumental for understanding music videos, since videos are based on the soundtrack's visual associations. Yet to discuss associations here may cause some problems. […] [Nicholas Cook] seems to be relying on a rather normative conception of synaesthesia, which for its part supports the idea of absolute, nonrepresentational music. The implication of his discussion is that the "true" forms of music–image synaesthesia come only in the forms of perception of color or light when hearing a certain musical sound.

2007, Antti-Ville Kärjä, “Visions of a Sound Nation: Finnish Music Videos and Secured Otherness”, in Roger Beebe, Jason Middleton, editors, Medium Cool: Music Videos from Soundies to Cellphones, Durham, N.C., London: Duke University Press, →ISBN, page 181:

(art, literature) A literary or artistic device whereby one kind of sensation is described in the terms of another.


naturalist

естественик

person who studies nature or natural history

(art) A creative artist who attempts to faithfully represent nature; an adherent of artistic naturalism.


sequential art

(art, comics) A form of art where the content is presented in a series of artistic items positioned in a specific order to convey its message or effect, such as a comic strip.


tinta

Inherited from Latin tincta (“dyed”), perfect passive participle of tingō (“dye”, verb).

mitja tinta


alfresco

From Italian al fresco. Compare Spanish al fresco.

(art) Onto fresh plaster that is still moist.


matte

The image is a perfect square of 8 cm (with white matte border the total dimensions are 14 cm tall by 11 cm wide).

(art, photography) A decorative border around a picture used to inset and center the contents of a frame.


ikona

(Christianity, art) An Orthodox icon, or religious painting.


漫画

ja-noun

漫(まん)画(が) or 漫画(マンガ) • (manga) ^(←まんぐわ (mangwa)?)

漫画 (canonical)
漫画 (canonical)
mangwa (romanization)
まんぐわ (hiragana historical)

→ Cantonese: 漫畫／漫画 (maan⁶ waa⁶⁻²)

→ Danish: manga

desctree

→ English: manga
→ Hindi: मांगा (māṅgā), माँगा (māṅgā), मैंगा (maiṅgā)

→ French: manga

→ German: Manga

→ Hakka: 漫畫／漫画 (man-fa, mang-ká)

desc

→ Hokkien: 漫畫／漫画 (bān-ōa, bān-ūi, bān-ōe, bàng-gà)

→ Khmer: ម៉ានហ្គា (maangaa)

→ Indonesian: manga

desctree

→ Korean: 만화 (manhwa)
→ English: manhwa
→ French: manhwa
→ Russian: ма́нхва (mánxva)
→ Ukrainian: ма́нхва (mánxva)

→ Macedonian: манга (manga)

→ Mandarin: 漫畫／漫画 (mànhuà)

→ English: manhua

→ French: manhua

→ Russian: маньхуа́ (manʹxuá)

desc

→ Ukrainian: маньхуа́ (manʹxuá), ма́ньхва (mánʹxva)

→ Mongolian: манга (manga)

→ Portuguese: mangá

desctree

→ Russian: ма́нга (mánga)
→ Bashkir: манга (manga)
→ Tatar: манга (manga)

→ Thai: มังงะ (mang-ngá)

→ Ukrainian: ма́нґа (mánga)

→ Vietnamese: mạn họa

→ Wu: 漫畫／漫画 (⁶me-gho)

National Diet Library
Santō Kyōden
ja:国立国会図書館
ja:山東京伝
ja:鶴屋喜右衛門

/manɡwa/ → /manɡa/
Coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 漫 (man, “as one pleases”) + 画 (ga, “picture”). First appears in 1798 in the foreword to Santō Kyōden's picture book 四時交加 (Shīshi Kōga) already using the modern simplified kanji spelling of 漫画.

compound

(art) a caricature (pictorial representation of someone or something for comic effect)


appropriation

en-noun

appropriation (countable and uncountable, plural appropriations)

/əˌpɹoʊpɹiˈeɪʃən/

From Middle English appropriacion, appropriacioun, from Medieval Latin appropriātiō.

(art) The use of borrowed elements in the creation of a new work.

apropriação

(art) the use of borrowed elements in the creation of a new work


saturation

saturation (usually uncountable, plural saturations)

Etymology tree
Late Latin saturatiobor.
English saturation
Borrowed from Late Latin saturatio, saturationem.

etymon

(art) The intensity or vividness of a colour.


defamiliarisation

en-noun

defamiliarisation (countable and uncountable, plural defamiliarisations)

From de- + familiar + -isation; possibly a calque of Russian остранение (ostranenije) as used by Russian critic Viktor Shklovsky.

calque

Coordinate term: Verfremdungseffekt

It therefore works via a process of ‘defamiliarisation’ (ostranenie) (Shklovsky instances defamiliarisation as an effect to be found in riddles with their play on words, and in euphemistic references to erotic subjects).

1991, Antony Easthope, Literary Into Cultural Studies:

Fourth, and finally, while postmodernist works like Lodge’s Changing Places and Small World give the impression of being satires, because of their self-conscious and rather thick use of parody as a means to defamiliarisation, along with their presentation of a humorous world, the satirical attack is actually deflected or blunted by the parody.

1991, Brian A. Connery, “Inside Jokes: Familiarity and Contempt in Academic Satire”, in David Bevan, editor, University Fiction:

The fact that defamiliarisation need not be understood solely in linguistic terms is evident in all kinds of aesthetic experience: for example, a painting or a piece of music can also be understood as ‘defamiliarising’ habitual perceptions.

1997, Andrew Bowie, From Romanticism to Critical Theory:

(art) The representation of objects anew, in a way that we do not recognize, or that changes our reading of them.


人物

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (人物):
* → Japanese: 人物(じんぶつ) (jinbutsu)
* → Korean: 인물(人物) (inmul)
* → Vietnamese: nhân vật (人物)

/jɐn²¹ mɐt̚²⁻³⁵/

/jɐn²¹ mɐt̚²/

/ŋin¹¹ ʋut̚⁵/

/d͡zin¹³⁻²² but̚¹²¹/

/lin²⁴⁻²² but̚²⁴/

/naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mueʔ⁴/

/n̠ʲin²² vəʔ⁴⁴/

/jɐn²¹ mɐt̚²⁻³⁵/

/jɐn²¹ mɐt̚²/

/ŋin¹¹ ʋut̚⁵/

/d͡zin¹³⁻²² but̚¹²¹/

/lin²⁴⁻²² but̚²⁴/

/naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mueʔ⁴/

/n̠ʲin²² vəʔ⁴⁴/

(art) figure painting; painting of a person; portrait


inv.

(printing, art) Abbreviation of invēnit.


bricoleur

From French bricoleur; apparently a borrowing from the work of French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss.

The engineer has science to guide him; the bricoleur has intuition. Significantly, while the bricoleur can only classify perceived differences, the engineer's scientific system enables him to classify things not yet seen.

2002, Sherene H. Razack, editor, Introduction: Race, Space, and the Law: Unmapping a White Settler Society, page 12:

The bricoleur’s awareness of constructivism and historicity helps her point out these omissions and their effects on the knowledge-production processes.
In this context critical hermeneutics facilitates bricoleurs’ attempts to identify socially oppressive forms of meaning-making and research processes.

2004, Joe L. Kincheloe, Kathleen S. Berry, Rigour and Complexity in Educational Research: Conceptualizing the bricolage, page 11:

Glassie was attracted to Claude Lévi-Strauss's metaphor of the artisan as bricoleur — someone who brings together materials that happen to be at hand and uses them to carry out the task of building what needs to be built.

2005, Sandra K. Dolby, Self-Help Books: Why Americans Keep Reading Them, page 85:

The bricoleur is a specialist in combinatorial logic, a craftsman who creates objects by rearranging other objects.

2007, Boris Wiseman, Levi-Strauss, Anthropology, and Aesthetics, Cambridge University Press, page 208:

Through playful exploration (rather than deductive/analytic reasoning) of what is possible, the bricoleur adjusts past solutions, reframes, or manipulates technical memories of past events and projects to make them bear upon or even redefine the problem at hand.[…]Rather than having been designed in advance with specific purposes in mind, the bricoleur’s instrumental resources are experiential leftovers that summarize his technical life journey.

2012, Jannis Kallinikos, “4: Form, Function, and Matter: Crossing the Border of Materiality”, in Paul M. Leonardi, Bonnie A. Nardi, Jannis Kallinikos, editors, Materiality and Organizing: Social Interaction in a Technological World, page 75:

We see in this picture what a potent political bricoleur he is, borrowing images and rhetoric from any source and combining them in new, lucid collages with changed meanings.

2024 July 15, Jonathan Jones, “‘Is this what a second Trump presidency will be like?’ – our art critic on the chilling shooting image”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(anthropology, art) A person who constructs bricolages; one who creates using whatever materials are available.


busto

The Entrance to the Royal Apartment is through a Vestibule, supported by Pillars, with some antick Bustoes in the Niches […]

1719, Elias Ashmole, The Antiquities of Berkshire:

The Busto's he fix'd on were the Caracalla and the Cicero in the Gallery which I recommended as one of the best heads in the Gallery.

1753, Joshua Reynolds, edited by John Ingamells and John Edgcumbe, The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale, published 2000, page 13:


figurar

pt-verb

figurar (first-person singular present figuro, first-person singular preterite figurei, past participle figurado)

figuro (first-person present singular)
figurei (first-person preterite singular)
figurado (participle past)
figurar (impersonal infinitive)
figurar (first-person infinitive singular)
figurares (infinitive second-person singular)
figurar (infinitive singular third-person)
figurarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
figurardes (infinitive plural second-person)
figurarem (infinitive plural third-person)
figurando (gerund)
figurado (masculine participle past singular)
figurados (masculine participle past plural)
figurada (feminine participle past singular)
figuradas (feminine participle past plural)
figuro (first-person indicative present singular)
figuras (indicative present second-person singular)
figura (indicative present singular third-person)
figuramos (first-person indicative plural present)
figurais (indicative plural present second-person)
figuram (indicative plural present third-person)
figurava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
figuravas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
figurava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
figurávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
figuráveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
figuravam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
figurei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
figuraste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
figurou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
figuramos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
figurámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
figurastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
figuraram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
figurara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
figuraras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
figurara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
figuráramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
figuráreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
figuraram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
figurarei (first-person future indicative singular)
figurarás (future indicative second-person singular)
figurará (future indicative singular third-person)
figuraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
figurareis (future indicative plural second-person)
figurarão (future indicative plural third-person)
figuraria (conditional first-person singular)
figurarias (conditional second-person singular)
figuraria (conditional singular third-person)
figuraríamos (conditional first-person plural)
figuraríeis (conditional plural second-person)
figurariam (conditional plural third-person)
figure (first-person present singular subjunctive)
figures (present second-person singular subjunctive)
figure (present singular subjunctive third-person)
figuremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
figureis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
figurem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
figurasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
figurasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
figurasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
figurássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
figurásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
figurassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
figurar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
figurares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
figurar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
figurarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
figurardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
figurarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
figura (imperative second-person singular)
figure (imperative singular third-person)
figuremos (first-person imperative plural)
figurai (imperative plural second-person)
figurem (imperative plural third-person)
não figures (imperative negative second-person singular)
não figure (imperative negative singular third-person)
não figuremos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não figureis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não figurem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Borrowed from Latin figūrāre (“to form”).


masa

(art) A strong form of paper, smooth on one side and lightly textured on the other, used for drawing and painting


idealize

en-verb

idealize (third-person singular simple present idealizes, present participle idealizing, simple past and past participle idealized)

idealizes (present singular third-person)
idealizing (participle present)
idealized (participle past)
idealized (past)

From ideal + -ize. Compare French idéaliser.

(transitive, art) To portray using idealization.


kore

From Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē, “girl, maiden”).

uder

Mus. No 685: Archaic kore of island marble (500-490 B. C.) 4 ft high. Attic work. This kore is not wearing the Ionian smile, but a look of solemn gravity. She does not gather up her robes with the left hand like the other kores,[…].

1966, Spyros Meletzēs, Helenē A. Papadakē, Akropolis and Museum, page 42:

Ducat believes that all the kore plastic vessels wearing transverse himatia ending in stepped folds over the abdomen originate in Rhodes (1966: 72).

1995, Irene Bald Romano, University of Pennsylvania Museum, The Terracotta Figurines and Related Vessels, page 14:

Inscribed dedications often took the form of korai (singular: kore): statues, usually life-size or larger of female figures, generally goddesses.

2002, Matthew Dillon, Girls and Women in Classical Greek Religion, page 9:

(art, sculpture) An Ancient Greek statue of a woman, portrayed standing, usually clothed, painted in bright colours and having an elaborate hairstyle.


imago

la-noun

imāgō f (genitive imāginis); third declension

imāgō (canonical feminine)
imāginis (genitive)
imāgō (nominative singular)
imāginēs (nominative plural)
imāginis (genitive singular)
imāginum (genitive plural)
imāginī (dative singular)
imāginibus (dative plural)
imāginem (accusative singular)
imāginēs (accusative plural)
imāgine (ablative singular)
imāginibus (ablative plural)
imāgō (singular vocative)
imāginēs (plural vocative)

Anglo-Norman: ymage, image

Norman: image

Asturian: imaxe

Catalan: imatge

Dutch: imago

English: image, imago

Esperanto: imago

Old Francoprovençal: ymage, ymagena

Franco-Provençal: image, imagina

desctree

French: image
→ Franco-Provençal: émâge
→ Turkish: imaj

Italian: immagine

→ Piedmontese: imàgin, imàgine

Irish: íomhá

Occitan: imatge

Old French: image

Old Irish: ímáig

Old Galician-Portuguese: ymagen

Galician: imaxe

Portuguese: imagem

Piedmontese: image

Romanian: imagine

Scottish Gaelic: ìomhaigh

Sicilian: mmàggini

Spanish: imagen

Swedish: imago

From Proto-Italic *imā + -āgō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eym- (“to imitate”). Cognate with imitor, aemulus, Old English emn, efn (“equal, level, even”). More at even.


mannerism

en-noun

mannerism (countable and uncountable, plural mannerisms)

From Italian manierismo, from maniera, coined by Luigi Lanzi at the end of the 18ᵗʰ century.

/ˈmænəˌɹɪzəm/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-mannerism.wav

(art, literature) In literature, an ostentatious and unnatural style of the second half of the sixteenth century. In the contemporary criticism, described as a negation of the classicist equilibrium, pre-Baroque, and deforming expressiveness.

(art, literature) In fine art, a style that is inspired by previous models, aiming to reproduce subjects in an expressive language.


orientalism

orientalism (countable and uncountable, plural orientalisms)

From French orientalisme, from oriental (“eastern, Oriental”). Equivalent to Oriental + -ism.

(art, architecture, literature) The tendency to represent eastern subjects, to assume stylistical characteristics original of the East.

اِسْتِشْراق

the tendency to represent eastern subjects


art for art's sake

Calque of French l’art pour l’art, a phrase credited to Théophile Gautier. See the Wikipedia article for more.

(art, slogan) Art with no function; whose only purpose is beauty.

Art for art's sake#History
Théophile Gautier


Romanticism

(art, music) An artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, peaking from 1800 to 1850, characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.


pastille

Best specimen of fancy painting, pastille, Emily C. Dills, Fort Wayne, Indiana.

1867, Indiana. State Board of Agriculture, Annual Report of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture:

Pastille, Crayon or Chalk on Photograph.

1873, Annual Report of the State Board of Agriculture of the State of Missouri:

Painting with water color, oil, or pastille, from still life.

1913, University of Kansas, Bulletin - Volume 14, Issue 12, page 35:

(obsolete, art) Nonstandard spelling of pastel (“crayon made from a type of dried paste; drawing made using such crayons”).


fin de siècle

fin de siècle (nominative singular)
fin de siècle'u (genitive singular)
fin de siècle'owi (dative singular)
fin de siècle (accusative singular)
fin de siècle'em (instrumental singular)
fin de siècle'u (locative singular)
fin de siècle'u (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from French fin-de-siècle.

ubor

(art, historical, literature) fin de siècle (literary and artistic climate of modernism, world-weariness, and self-indulgence)


quadrature

en-noun

quadrature (countable and uncountable, plural quadratures)

/ˈkwɑd.ɹəˌt͡ʃʊɚ/

(art) A painting painted on a wooden panel.


tombstone

The last bit of information on each tombstone is an accession number—an alphanumeric block that is assigned when an object is added (accessioned) to the museums’ collections.

2015, Harvard Art Museum, Writing on the Wall:

(art) A museum plaque or caption displaying information about a work of art or exhibited object.


ореол

uk-noun

орео́л<genu>

орео́л • (oreól) m inan (genitive орео́лу, nominative plural орео́ли, genitive plural орео́лів, relational adjective орео́льний)

орео́л (canonical)
oreól (romanization)
орео́лу (genitive)
орео́ли (nominative plural)
орео́лів (genitive plural)
орео́льний (adjective relational)
орео́л (nominative singular)
орео́ли (nominative plural)
орео́лу (genitive singular)
орео́лів (genitive plural)
орео́лові (dative singular)
орео́лу (dative singular)
орео́лам (dative plural)
орео́л (accusative singular)
орео́ли (accusative plural)
орео́лом (instrumental singular)
орео́лами (instrumental plural)
орео́лі (locative singular)
орео́лах (locative plural)
орео́ле (singular vocative)
орео́ли (plural vocative)

uk-ndecl

орео́л<genu>

uk:Мельничук Олександр Савич


nimbus

nimbus (nominative singular)
nimbusy (nominative plural)
nimbusa (genitive singular)
nimbusów (genitive plural)
nimbusowi (dative singular)
nimbusom (dative plural)
nimbus (accusative singular)
nimbusy (accusative plural)
nimbusem (instrumental singular)
nimbusami (instrumental plural)
nimbusie (locative singular)
nimbusach (locative plural)
nimbusie (singular vocative)
nimbusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin nimbus, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.

(archaic, art, Christianity) aureole, glory, halo, nimbus (luminous disc around the heads of saints in sacred art)


deckle

From German Deckel, diminutive of Decke (“covering”).

(paper-making, art) A frame or edge which limits the pulp and, consequently, the size of the resulting paper.


adorant

adorant (nominative singular)
adoranci (nominative plural)
adoranty (derogatory nominative plural)
adoranta (genitive singular)
adorantów (genitive plural)
adorantowi (dative singular)
adorantom (dative plural)
adoranta (accusative singular)
adorantów (accusative plural)
adorantem (instrumental singular)
adorantami (instrumental plural)
adorancie (locative singular)
adorantach (locative plural)
adorancie (singular vocative)
adoranci (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin adōrans. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

adorant in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

(religion, art, Christianity) orans (a figure in an attitude of prayer, usually standing, with the elbows close to the sides of the body and with the hands outstretched sideways, palms up)


arabesque

/ˌæɹ.əˈbɛsk/

/ˌæɹ.əˈbɛsk/

Borrowed from French arabesque, from Italian arabesco, from arabo (“Arab”). By surface analysis, Arab + -esque.

The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ;[…]. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “ near-aissance.”

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

(art, architecture, also attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture.


maquette

en-verb

maquette (third-person singular simple present maquettes, present participle maquetting, simple past and past participle maquetted)

maquettes (present singular third-person)
maquetting (participle present)
maquetted (participle past)
maquetted (past)

(art, transitive, intransitive, rare) To prepare a maquette (of).


moto

Alteration of mote; compare also Italian motto.


salon

Borrowed from French salon (“reception room”), from Middle French, from Italian salone (“large hall”), augmented form of sala (“hall”), from Lombardic sala (“room, house, entrance hall”), from Proto-Germanic *salą (“dwelling, house, hall”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate with Old High German sal (“room, house, entrance hall”), Old English sæl (“room, hall, castle”), Old Church Slavonic село (selo, “courtyard, village”), Lithuanian sala (“island”). Doublet of saloon.

cog

Matisse showed in every autumn salon and every independent. He was beginning to have a considerable following. Picasso, on the contrary, never in all his life has shown in any salon. His pictures at that time could really only be seen at 27 rue de Fleurus.

1933, Gertrude Stein, The Autobiography of Alice B Toklas:

(art) An art gallery or exhibition; especially the Paris salon or autumn salon.


xylopyrography

(art) The art of burning pictures onto wood.


vanguardista

pt-adj

vanguardista m or f (plural vanguardistas)

[vɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]

[vɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]

[bɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]

(art) avant-garde (innovative or pioneering in art)


vanguardista

pt-noun

vanguardista m or f by sense (plural vanguardistas)

[vɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]

[vɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]

[bɐ̃.ɡwɐɾˈðiʃ.tɐ]


matting

en-noun

matting (countable and uncountable, plural mattings)

(art, photography) A dull surface, often used for surrounding pictures.


encaustic

From Ancient Greek ἐγκαυστικός (enkaustikós).

(art) Prepared by means of heat; burned in.


low-key

en-adj

low-key (comparative more low-key, superlative most low-key)

more low-key (comparative)
most low-key (superlative)

Coordinate term: mid-key

The classic example of low key photography is a black cat in a coal cellar. […] The most popular use of low-key photography is in making portraits of celebrities or theatrical personalities. These people demand either dignity or drama, and this type of lightning is appropriate for both.

1942 November, Victor Keppler, “Key to Good Pictures”, in Popular Photography, →ISSN, page 98:

(art, photography) Dark; characterized by dark tones and muted colors.

gedämpft

characterised by dark tones and muted colours


realist

(art, literature) An adherent of the realism movement; an artist who seeks to portray real everyday life accurately.


realist

nl-noun

realist m (plural realisten, diminutive realistje n)

realisten (plural)
realistje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: realis

→ Indonesian: realis

Borrowed from French réaliste. Equivalent to reëel + -ist.

(art) realist (artist who seeks to faithfully represent reality)


complementary colour

en-noun

complementary colour (plural complementary colours)

(art) A colour which is regarded as the opposite of another, so that the two colours together form a pleasing contrast.

komplementtiväri

arts: one of two colours, which form a pleasing contrast


obraz

pl-noun

obraz m inan (diminutive obrazek, related adjective obrazowy)

obrazek (diminutive)
obrazowy (adjective)
obraz (nominative singular)
obrazy (nominative plural)
obrazu (genitive singular)
obrazów (genitive plural)
obrazowi (dative singular)
obrazom (dative plural)
obraz (accusative singular)
obrazy (accusative plural)
obrazem (instrumental singular)
obrazami (instrumental plural)
obrazie (locative singular)
obrazach (locative plural)
obrazie (singular vocative)
obrazy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish obraz. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazić.

surf

Gadał dziad do obrazu, a obraz do niego ani razu

"Mona Lisa" jest jednym z najbardziej znanych obrazów olejnych z czasów renesansu.

The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous oil paintings of the Renaissance.


dur

fr-adj

dur (feminine dure, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures)

dure (feminine)
durs (masculine plural)
dures (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old French, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *drew- (“hard, fast”).

c’est quand le jeu devient dur que les durs commencent à jouer


vetää

vedän (first-person indicative present singular)
en vedä (first-person indicative negative present singular)
olen vetänyt (first-person indicative perfect singular)
en ole vetänyt (first-person indicative negative perfect singular)
vedät (indicative present second-person singular)
et vedä (indicative negative present second-person singular)
olet vetänyt (indicative perfect second-person singular)
et ole vetänyt (indicative negative perfect second-person singular)
vetää (indicative present singular third-person)
ei vedä (indicative negative present singular third-person)
on vetänyt (indicative perfect singular third-person)
ei ole vetänyt (indicative negative perfect singular third-person)
vedämme (first-person indicative plural present)
emme vedä (first-person indicative negative plural present)
olemme vetäneet (first-person indicative perfect plural)
emme ole vetäneet (first-person indicative negative perfect plural)
vedätte (indicative plural present second-person)
ette vedä (indicative negative plural present second-person)
olette vetäneet (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ette ole vetäneet (indicative negative perfect plural second-person)
vetävät (indicative plural present third-person)
eivät vedä (indicative negative plural present third-person)
ovat vetäneet (indicative perfect plural third-person)
eivät ole vetäneet (indicative negative perfect plural third-person)
vedetään (indicative passive present)
ei vedetä (indicative negative passive present)
on vedetty (indicative passive perfect)
ei ole vedetty (indicative negative passive perfect)
vedin (first-person indicative past singular)
en vetänyt (first-person indicative negative past singular)
olin vetänyt (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
en ollut vetänyt (first-person indicative negative pluperfect singular)
vedit (indicative past second-person singular)
et vetänyt (indicative negative past second-person singular)
olit vetänyt (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
et ollut vetänyt (indicative negative pluperfect second-person singular)
veti (indicative past singular third-person)
ei vetänyt (indicative negative past singular third-person)
oli vetänyt (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ei ollut vetänyt (indicative negative pluperfect singular third-person)
vedimme (first-person indicative past plural)
emme vetäneet (first-person indicative negative past plural)
olimme vetäneet (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
emme olleet vetäneet (first-person indicative negative pluperfect plural)
veditte (indicative past plural second-person)
ette vetäneet (indicative negative past plural second-person)
olitte vetäneet (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ette olleet vetäneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural second-person)
vetivät (indicative past plural third-person)
eivät vetäneet (indicative negative past plural third-person)
olivat vetäneet (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
eivät olleet vetäneet (indicative negative pluperfect plural third-person)
vedettiin (indicative passive past)
ei vedetty (indicative negative passive past)
oli vedetty (indicative passive pluperfect)
ei ollut vedetty (indicative negative passive pluperfect)
vetäisin (conditional first-person present singular)
en vetäisi (conditional first-person negative present singular)
olisin vetänyt (conditional first-person perfect singular)
en olisi vetänyt (conditional first-person negative perfect singular)
vetäisit (conditional present second-person singular)
et vetäisi (conditional negative present second-person singular)
olisit vetänyt (conditional perfect second-person singular)
et olisi vetänyt (conditional negative perfect second-person singular)
vetäisi (conditional present singular third-person)
ei vetäisi (conditional negative present singular third-person)
olisi vetänyt (conditional perfect singular third-person)
ei olisi vetänyt (conditional negative perfect singular third-person)
vetäisimme (conditional first-person plural present)
emme vetäisi (conditional first-person negative plural present)
olisimme vetäneet (conditional first-person perfect plural)
emme olisi vetäneet (conditional first-person negative perfect plural)
vetäisitte (conditional plural present second-person)
ette vetäisi (conditional negative plural present second-person)
olisitte vetäneet (conditional perfect plural second-person)
ette olisi vetäneet (conditional negative perfect plural second-person)
vetäisivät (conditional plural present third-person)
eivät vetäisi (conditional negative plural present third-person)
olisivat vetäneet (conditional perfect plural third-person)
eivät olisi vetäneet (conditional negative perfect plural third-person)
vedettäisiin (conditional passive present)
ei vedettäisi (conditional negative passive present)
olisi vedetty (conditional passive perfect)
ei olisi vedetty (conditional negative passive perfect)
vedä (imperative present second-person singular)
älä vedä (imperative negative present second-person singular)
vetäköön (imperative present singular third-person)
älköön vetäkö (imperative negative present singular third-person)
olkoon vetänyt (imperative perfect singular third-person)
älköön olko vetänyt (imperative negative perfect singular third-person)
vetäkäämme (first-person imperative plural present)
älkäämme vetäkö (first-person imperative negative plural present)
vetäkää (imperative plural present second-person)
älkää vetäkö (imperative negative plural present second-person)
vetäkööt (imperative plural present third-person)
älkööt vetäkö (imperative negative plural present third-person)
olkoot vetäneet (imperative perfect plural third-person)
älkööt olko vetäneet (imperative negative perfect plural third-person)
vedettäköön (imperative passive present)
älköön vedettäkö (imperative negative passive present)
olkoon vedetty (imperative passive perfect)
älköön olko vedetty (imperative negative passive perfect)
vetänen (first-person potential present singular)
en vetäne (first-person negative potential present singular)
lienen vetänyt (first-person perfect potential singular)
en liene vetänyt (first-person negative perfect potential singular)
vetänet (potential present second-person singular)
et vetäne (negative potential present second-person singular)
lienet vetänyt (perfect potential second-person singular)
et liene vetänyt (negative perfect potential second-person singular)
vetänee (potential present singular third-person)
ei vetäne (negative potential present singular third-person)
lienee vetänyt (perfect potential singular third-person)
ei liene vetänyt (negative perfect potential singular third-person)
vetänemme (first-person plural potential present)
emme vetäne (first-person negative plural potential present)
lienemme vetäneet (first-person perfect plural potential)
emme liene vetäneet (first-person negative perfect plural potential)
vetänette (plural potential present second-person)
ette vetäne (negative plural potential present second-person)
lienette vetäneet (perfect plural potential second-person)
ette liene vetäneet (negative perfect plural potential second-person)
vetänevät (plural potential present third-person)
eivät vetäne (negative plural potential present third-person)
lienevät vetäneet (perfect plural potential third-person)
eivät liene vetäneet (negative perfect plural potential third-person)
vedettäneen (passive potential present)
ei vedettäne (negative passive potential present)
lienee vedetty (passive perfect potential)
ei liene vedetty (negative passive perfect potential)
vetää (infinitive infinitive-i)
vetävä (active participle present)
vedettävä (participle passive present)
vetääkseni (first-person possessive singular)
vetääksemme (first-person plural possessive)
vetääksesi (possessive second-person singular)
vetääksenne (plural possessive second-person)
vetääkseen (possessive third-person)
vetääksensä (possessive third-person)
vetänyt (infinitive-i-long past)
vedetty (infinitive-i-long past)
vetäessä (inessive second-person)
vedettäessä (inessive second-person)
vetämä (agent)
vetäessäni (first-person possessive singular)
vetäessämme (first-person plural possessive)
vetäessäsi (possessive second-person singular)
vetäessänne (plural possessive second-person)
vetäessään (possessive third-person)
vetäessänsä (possessive third-person)
vetämätön (inessive negative second-person)
vetäen (instructive second-person)
vetämässä (inessive third-person)
vetämästä (elative third-person)
vetämään (illative third-person)
vetämällä (adessive third-person)
vetämättä (abessive third-person)
vetämän (instructive third-person)
vedettämän (instructive third-person)
vetäminen (fourth-person noun-from-verb)
vetämäisilläni (first-person possessive singular)
vetämäisillämme (first-person plural possessive)
vetämäisilläsi (possessive second-person singular)
vetämäisillänne (plural possessive second-person)
vetämäisillään (possessive third-person)
vetämäisillänsä (possessive third-person)

[ˈʋe̞t̪æː(ʔ)]

From Proto-Finnic *vetädäk, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wetä-. Cognates include Erzya ветямс (veťams) and Hungarian vezet.

Vedetään biisi cis-mollista.

Bändi veti viimeisen keikkansa eilen.

The band performed their last gig yesterday.

(informal) to do (a); a highly generic verb; the exact meaning and translation depends on the context


ukiyo-e

/uːˌkiːjəʊˈeɪ/

Borrowed from Japanese 浮世絵 (ukiyoe), from 浮 (uki, “floating, fleeting”) + 世 (yo, “world; era”) + 絵 (e, “image, picture”).

Like many Ukiyo-e artists, Jacoulet hires woodcarvers and printers to convert his ideas into prints.

1946 January 20, “Approved by the Air Force”, in Time:

The masters of Ukiyo-e, the woodblock print, like Utamaro, immortalized its great courtesans and its famous houses of prostitution.

Starling looked past Carter, to an ukiyo-e woodcut of a Kabuki player.

2001, Glen David Gold, Carter Beats the Devil:

(art) A Japanese painting or woodblock print depicting everyday life.


estrada

estrada (nominative singular)
estradalar (nominative plural)
estradanıñ (genitive singular)
estradalarnıñ (genitive plural)
estradağa (dative singular)
estradalarğa (dative plural)
estradanı (accusative singular)
estradalarnı (accusative plural)
estradada (locative singular)
estradalarda (locative plural)
estradadan (ablative singular)
estradalardan (ablative plural)

Borrowed from Russian эстрада (estrada), from French estrade.


muller

The noun is derived from Late Middle English molour, moler; further origin uncertain, possibly:
* from mull (“(Northern England) something reduced to fine particles”, noun) or mull (“(chiefly Northern England) to grind to powder, crumble, powder, pulverize”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns) (see etymology 2); or
* from an unattested Anglo-Norman or Middle French noun, from Old French moldre, moudre (“to grind”) (modern French moudre), from Latin molere, the present active infinitive of molō (“to grind, to mill”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”); or
* a variant of mullet (“(obsolete) stone for grinding”) + -er; mullet is derived from French molette (“pestle”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

affix

The muller provides, in addition, a useful means of comparing the important property of the rate of strength development of pigments.

1994, John Wilder Tukey, David R. Brillinger, The collected works of John W. Tukey, →ISBN, page 607:

(chiefly art, pharmacy) A stone with a flat grinding surface, which is held in the hand and rubbed on a slab to grind paint pigments, medicinal powders, etc.


preraphaelism

(art) The doctrine or practice of a school of modern painters who profess to be followers of the painters before Raphael. Its adherents advocate careful study from nature, delicacy and minuteness of workmanship, and an exalted and delicate conception of the subject.


contorno

[…] the parts within the contorno are drawn by the incisions of the graver […]

1798, James Barry, Observations on different works of art in France and Italy:


lowbrow

en-noun

lowbrow (countable and uncountable, plural lowbrows)

A bahuvrihi compound of low + brow, Americanism, circa 1902. Refers to the (by that time discredited) pseudoscience of phrenology, which suggested that a person of low intelligence and sophistication would possess a lower brow-line than someone of greater intelligence and sophistication.

(uncountable, art) An underground populist visual art movement that arose in the Los Angeles area in the late 1960s, inspired by comics, punk music, graffiti, etc.


fade away

Phillips became known for the "fade away, in which the main figures' clothing is the same color as the background, allowing the elements to partially blend.

2009, Alison A. Nieder, Jim Heimann, 100 Ans de Pubs de Mode, page 1879:

Hirschfeld captured many scenes in line and employed Coles Phillips's "fade away" technique in his painting on the left.

2015, David Leopold, The Hirschfeld Century:

In Phillip's "Fade Away" style, he is literally editing out elements (by making them the same flat color as the background), but those elements are still there.

2019, Coles Phillips, Fadeaway: The Remarkable Imagery of Coles Phillips:

(art) A painting technique in which young women's clothes fade into the background.


divisionism

divisionism (usually uncountable, plural divisionisms)

(art) The use of small areas of color to construct an image.


grisaille

grisaille (countable and uncountable, plural grisailles)

Unadapted borrowing from French grisaille.

ubor

Very pertinent relationships between these grisailles of the vegetal type and Islamic transennas have been established by Eva Frodl-Kraft, between that of Obazine with palmettes enchâssées, and a transenna from the Umayyad castle of Qasr-el Heir al Gharbi (about 727-750), today reconstructed at the National Museum in Damascus, and with a plaque, probably of Syrian origin, reused over a tomb in San Marco in Venice.

1982, Meredith P. Lillich, Studies in Cistercian art and architecture, page 134:

(art) In painting, a method of working which employs only varying values of gray to create form. Often a preliminary step in a fully colored painting.


pointillism

en-noun

pointillism (usually uncountable, plural pointillisms)

From French pointillisme, from pointiller (“to dot, to mark with points”), from point (“dot, point”).

(art) The use of many small areas of color to construct an image.


pointillism

pointillism (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un pointillism (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
pointillismul (accusative definite nominative singular)
pointillism (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui pointillism (dative genitive indefinite singular)
pointillismului (dative definite genitive singular)
pointillismule (singular vocative)


étude

→ Danish: etude

→ Dutch: etude

→ English: etude

→ Polish: etiuda

desctree

→ Russian: этю́д (etjúd)
→ Kazakh: этюд (étüd)
→ Uzbek: etyud

→ Turkish: etüt

From Old French estude, borrowed from Latin studium.

(art) study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject)


naga

Borrowed from Sanskrit नाग (nāga, “snake”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *nāgás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nāgás, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neg- (“to crawl”).

der

(Buddhist art) a representation of a human torso with a serpentine body


duende

en-noun

duende (countable and uncountable, plural duendes)

Borrowed from Spanish duende and (especially in reference to Portuguese or Brazilian folklore) Portuguese duende. Doublet of duwende.

The duende is a momentary burst of inspiration, the blush of all that is truly alive, all that the performer is creating at a certain moment.

1998, Federico García Lorca, Norman Thomas Di Giovanni, In Search of Duende, New Directions, →ISBN, page VIII, →ISBN:

(art) Heightened inspiration or passion, especially in flamenco.


κυβισμός

kyvismós (romanization)
κυβισμός (nominative singular)
κυβισμού (genitive singular)
κυβισμό (accusative singular)
κυβισμέ (singular vocative)


sfumato

sfumato (usually uncountable, plural sfumatos)

From Italian sfumato (“shaded, toned down”).

Another quality which was adopted from Leonardo, and of which the Florentines were especially enamoured, was the ‘sfumato’ system—the imperceptible softening of the transitions in half-tints and shadows.

1869, Charles Lock Eastlake, Materials for a History of Oil Painting, Volume II, Longmans, Green & Co., page 206:

1960, Helmut Ruhemann, Leonardo's Use of Sfumato, in The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 1, British Society of Aesthetics, page 233,
The interpretation of ‘sfumato’ is equally wrong. In ‘sfumato’ there is no blurring of the outlines which delineate the contours of figures and there is no blending or diminution of the definition of forms or for that matter any mellowing of colours.

It could be said that sfumato is less exact than line and that its forms are less precisely defined, but with these apparent omissions comes a sense of atmosphere. By casting its shadow over concrete form, sfumato dissolves it.

1991, Philip Sohm, Pittoresco, Cambridge University Press, page 4:

In baroque painting, sfumato is the blurring of outlines and colors amongst objects, as clouds and mountains, or the sea and the sky. Sfumato allows baroque subjectivity to create the near and the familiar among different intelligibilities, thus making cross-cultural dialogues possible and desirable.

2002, Scott Lash, Mike Featherstone, editors, Recognition and Difference, SAGE Publications, page 200:

2018, Lena Redman, Knowing with New Media, Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Nature, page 234,
No smeared sfumatos—blurred lines and borders—or anaemic chewing of emotions, just forcefully chopped slabs of substance.

2022, Ellen Jones, Robin Myers (translators), Ave Barrera, The Forgery, Charco Press, unnumbered page,
As I was saying, I was worried because my sfumatos didn't look anything like they did in the original.

(art, painting) A painting technique, prominent during the Italian Renaissance, involving the application of subtle layers of translucent paint, blurring the transition between colors, tones and often objects and creating the illusion of depth.


concrescence

concrescence (countable and uncountable, plural concrescences)

(art) The juxtaposing of dissimilar forms or devices that are harmonized at their point of intersection into hybrid transitional shapes or designs.


sgraffito

sgraffito (countable and uncountable, plural sgraffiti or sgraffitoes or sgraffitos)

sgraffiti (plural)
sgraffitoes (plural)
sgraffitos (plural)

/sɡɹəˈfiːtəʊ/

Borrowed from Italian sgraffito, from s- (“out”) + graffito (past participle of graffire), ultimately from Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to write or scratch”).

uder

Ciudad Real
Devon
Rattery
sgraffito
tree of life

Through color and tone Byzantine potters gave to sgraffito pottery qualities that go beyond the contrasts possible in metalwork. And the history of the colors in their use on Byzantine sgraffito ware again takes us back to Tang China.

1992, Dēmētra Papanikola-Bakirtzē, Eunice Dauterman Maguire, Henry Maguire, Ceramic Art from Byzantine Serres (Illinois Byzantine Studies; III), Urbana and Chicago, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, →ISBN, page 17:

Sgraffito is a valuable design technique for working with slips[…], but did you know that this technique has other applications? With leather-hard clay you can incise (cut into) the clay surface. […] To make smooth lines in a raw-glazed surface, first cover the area with liquid wax. Then, using any sharp-edged tool, scratch through the wax and into the glaze, pressing deeply enough to reveal the clay body underneath[…]. When the piece is fired, the wax will burn off and the glaze will pull back from the sgraffito scratches to reveal the underlying clay.

2008, Maureen [Elizabeth] Mills, Surface Design for Ceramics, New York, N.Y.: Lark Books, →ISBN, page 100:

Sgraffito is not only weather resistant but also requires less artistic skill than alfresco painting. Although scratch work was used in Germany from the 13th century (e.g. Magdeburg Cathedral, cloisters), true sgraffito developed in Italy and spread from there. Decoration of a plastered façade with simulated regular stonework existed in Florence from the late 13th century, two-tone decorations from the 15th century. The early sgraffito decorations follow on from the medieval practice of using overlay and ornamentation on buildings and reflect the way in which stone is worked.

2012, Colum P. Hourihane, editor, The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture, volume I (Aachen to Cecco di Pietro), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 498:

(art, uncountable) A technique in ceramics, art and wall design, where the top layer of pigment or slip is scratched through to reveal an underlying layer.

esgrafiat

technique where the top layer is scratched through to reveal an underlying layer

[I]n the corner room a sitting platform, 3 ft. broad, as well as a large fireplace, were brought to light, while in the hall (E. iii.), open towards the south, the rough plaster surface of the partly well-preserved east wall proved to be covered with sgraffiti both Tibetan and Chinese.

1907, [Marc] Aurel Stein, Ancient Khotan: Detailed Report of Archaeological Explorations in Chinese Turkestan Carried out and Described under the Orders of H. M. Indian Government, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 432:

The few surviving examples of early sgraffiti are thought to be late 14th century and have a mediaeval quality about them. Ugo Procacci points out that the technique of two contrasting colours was seldom used and most of them are pure and simple sgraffiti.

1985, Leonardo Ginori Lisci, The Florentine Palazzi: Their History and Art, volume I, Florence: Giunti Barbera, →OCLC, page 53:

I did murals there as well, designs for windows, bas relief and otherwise, sgraffitoes – a very special technique cut in stucco.

1994, Hilda Kirkwood, Between the Lines, Ottawa: Oberon Press, →ISBN, page 71:

[Josep] Puig [i Cadafalch] wanted to emphasize the ornamentation of the stone window frames of the facade by contrasting it against the white stucco sgraffitos.

2001, Raúl García i Aranzueque, Barcelona and Gaudí: Examples of Modernist Architecture, Spain: Kliczkowski Publications, →ISBN, page 61:

SGRAFFITI. Artwork painted on the exterior of private homes, sgraffiti emerged at the end of the 19th century, when city officials encouraged urban beautification by organizing competitions for decorating house fronts. Several techniques developed; the most common one involves applying a light-colored base to the surface, after which portions of the base are scratched away while still wet, leaving the support medium to show through in displaying a drawing.

2015, Paul F. State, Historical Dictionary of Brussels, 2nd edition, Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 389:

(art, countable) An instance or sample of sgraffito.


sgraffito

en-verb

sgraffito (third-person singular simple present sgraffitos or sgraffitoes, present participle sgraffitoing, simple past and past participle sgraffitoed)

sgraffitos (present singular third-person)
sgraffitoes (present singular third-person)
sgraffitoing (participle present)
sgraffitoed (participle past)
sgraffitoed (past)

/sɡɹəˈfiːtəʊ/

Use a ceramic tool or any pointer to sgraffito the lines in the enamel powder.

1972, Ceramics Monthly, volume 20, Columbus, Oh.: Professional Publications, →OCLC, page 31:

A West African woman sgraffitoes a traditional pattern […]

1983, Ceramics Monthly, volume 31, →OCLC, page 5:

The last gasp of the British inscribed-pottery tradition is represented by the "motto wares" that became a specialty of South Devon potteries such as Aller Vale in the late 1800s. Homey and comical sayings, sometimes poetic or in stereotyped West Country dialect, were sgraffitoed on wares for tourists on holiday in the coastal town of Torquay.

1998, John A. Burrison, “Talking Jars: Dave and Larger Traditions of Pot-Poetry”, in Jill Beute Koverman, editor, I Made this Jar ... The Life and Works of the Enslaved African-American Potter, Dave, [Columbia, S.C.]: McKissick Museum, University of South Carolina, →ISBN, page 65:

I paint or pour onto the piece, […] and then use the spaces to play with either trailing, using the slip trailers to flick, or thickly spurt the colours onto the piece, sgraffitoing and painting and using slip trailers in a more restrained fashion to draw with. I think I am guided by intuition or my own response to each piece as I decorate it, rather than by any conscious outside influence.

1999, Michael Eden, Victoria Eden, Slipware: Contemporary Approaches, London: A & C Black; Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 53:

I use a calligraphy pen with a rounded scratch nib and a stylus for my sgraffito work. Deciding when to sgraffito the piece depends on how wet you like the slip. I prefer a leather-hard surface but some potters prefer to sgraffito right after the slip has been applied and others like to sgraffito when the slip is bone dry.

2008, Denise Wilz, “Pennsylvania Redware”, in Anderson Turner, editor, Electric Firing: Creative Techniques (Ceramic Arts Handbook Series), Westerville, Oh.: American Ceramic Society, →ISBN, pages 41–42:

(art) To produce a design using this technique.

esgrafiar

to produce a design using this technique


naturalism

en-noun

naturalism (countable and uncountable, plural naturalisms)

From natural + -ism. Compare French naturalisme.

More perfect than all in design and technique is a relief of a goat suckling her young, characterised, as it is, not only by naturalism, but also, as Mr. Evans claims, "by a certain ideal dignity and balance."

1907, Ronald M. Burrows, The Discoveries In Crete, page 21:

(art) A movement in theatre, film, and literature that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to such movements as romanticism, surrealism, or abstract art, in which subjects may receive highly symbolic or idealistic treatment.


surcharge

/ˈsɜː(ɹ)t͡ʃɑː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/

From Middle French surcharge, from Old French. By surface analysis, sur- + charge. Doublet of supercharge.

(art) A painting in lighter enamel over a darker one that serves as the ground.


SSS

subsurface scattering
w:subsurface scattering

(computer graphics, art) Initialism of subsurface scattering.


Madonna

Madonna (nominative singular)
Madonny (nominative plural)
Madonny (genitive singular)
Madonn (genitive plural)
Madonnie (dative singular)
Madonnom (dative plural)
Madonnę (accusative singular)
Madonny (accusative plural)
Madonną (instrumental singular)
Madonnami (instrumental plural)
Madonnie (locative singular)
Madonnach (locative plural)
Madonno (singular vocative)
Madonny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian Madonna, from Latin mea domina.

(art, Christianity) artistic depiction of Mary with the infant Jesus


Stich

de-noun

Stich m (strong, genitive Stiches or Stichs, plural Stiche)

Stiches (genitive)
Stichs (genitive)
Stiche (plural)
Stich (nominative singular)
Stiche (definite nominative plural)
Stiches (genitive singular)
Stichs (genitive singular)
Stiche (definite genitive plural)
Stich (dative singular)
Stiche (dative singular)
Stichen (dative definite plural)
Stich (accusative singular)
Stiche (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German stich, from Old High German stih, from Proto-West Germanic *stiki (“puncture, prick”).
Cognate with Dutch steek (“prick, stitch”), English stitch (“needlework”), Old English stician (“stick, stab, pierce, prick”).


amorino

(art) A cupid (a putto, commonly with bow and arrow, representing love).


phylactery

Recorded since circa 1380, Middle English philaterie, either from Old French filatiere (12th c), or via Medieval Latin philaterium, an alteration of Late Latin phylacterium (“reliquary”), from Ancient Greek φυλακτήριον (phulaktḗrion, “safeguard, amulet”), via adjective φυλακτήριος (phulaktḗrios, “serving as a protection”), from φυλακτήρ (phulaktḗr, “watcher, guard”), itself from φυλάσσω (phulássō, “guard or ward off”), from φύλαξ (phúlax, “a guard”).

klaf

parchment used in Jewish ritual contexts

mezuzah

parchment scroll of Torah verses in a decorative container

Just as phylacteries became more commonplace in prints in the 17th century, there was a growing aversion for the use of phylacteries in paintings.

2011, Robert S. Petersen, Comics, Manga, and Graphic Novels: A History of Graphic Narratives, ABC-CLIO (Praeger), page 28:

That the inscribed rolls (also referred to as phylacteries, ribbons, banderoles, or scrolls) depicted in, for example, manuscript illuminations are signs of a residual orality that would work much like a speech balloon is an interpretation challenged not only by codicolgical and diplomatic evidence, however scant, but further by the use of hands in the iconography of the period.

2013, Ana M. Gómez-Bravo, Textual Agency: Writing Culture and Social Networks in Fifteenth-Century Spain, University of Toronto Press, page 80:

On the other hand, the pseudo-dialogues inside the phylacteries introduce an ironic tone in narrative strips like Barlow's, but they are not a means of dramatization; it is as if the characters, instead of talking to each other, were talking to the reader in order to state their intentions, make witty comments, or explain the situation.

2015, Roberto Bartual Moreno, “The Origins of Graphic Narrative in Popular Culture”, in Esther Claudio, Julio Cañero, editors, On the Edge of the Panel: Essays on Comics Criticism, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, page 38:

(art, historical) A speech scroll, an illustrative device depicting speech, song or other sound as if written on a scroll.


nimbo

(art) nimbus (luminous disc around the heads of saints)


volute

From French volute, from Italian voluta, from Latin volūta, from the feminine of volūtus, perfect passive participle of volvō. Doublet of vault.