karhu

head

karhu (genitive karhun, partitive karhuo)

karhun (genitive)
karhuo (partitive)
karhu (nominative singular)
karhut (nominative plural)
karhun (genitive singular)
karhujen (genitive plural)
karhuo (partitive singular)
karhuja (partitive plural)
karhuh (illative singular)
karhuloih (illative plural)
karhušša (inessive singular)
karhuloissa (inessive plural)
karhušta (elative singular)
karhuloista (elative plural)
karhulla (adessive singular)
karhuloilla (adessive plural)
karhulta (ablative singular)
karhuloilta (ablative plural)
karhukši (singular translative)
karhuloiksi (plural translative)
karhuna (essive singular)
karhuloina (essive plural)
karhuloineh (comitative plural)
karhutta (abessive singular)
karhuloitta (abessive plural)
karhu (nominative singular)
karhut (nominative plural)
karhun (genitive singular)
karhuloin (genitive plural)
karhuo (partitive singular)
karhuloida (partitive plural)
karhuh (illative singular)
karhuloih (illative plural)
karhušša (inessive singular)
karhuloissa (inessive plural)
karhušta (elative singular)
karhuloista (elative plural)
karhulla (adessive singular)
karhuloilla (adessive plural)
karhulda (ablative singular)
karhuloilda (ablative plural)
karhukši (singular translative)
karhuloiksi (plural translative)
karhuna (essive singular)
karhuloina (essive plural)
karhunke (comitative singular)
karhuloinke (comitative plural)
karhutta (abessive singular)
karhuloitta (abessive plural)
karhuni (first-person possessive)
karhuš (possessive second-person)
karhuh (possessive third-person)

krl-decl-table

type 1/<i class="Latn mention" lang="krl">tyttö</i>, no gradation

type 1/<i class="Latn mention" lang="krl">tyttö</i> no gradation

From Proto-Finnic *karhu. Cognates include Finnish karhu and Estonian karu.

(archaic or poetic) Synonym of kontie／kondie


glebe

From Old French glebe, from Latin glaeba (“lump of earth, clod”). Doublet of gleba.

Admiring glebes their amber ears unfold, / And Labour sleep amid the waving gold.

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 151


di

From Old Norse því, þí, the neuter singular dative of the determiner sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa. Akin to the English comparative correlative the, derived from Old English þȳ. Other cognates include Norwegian Bokmål ti. Other determiners and pronouns also derive from there, such as den, det, dei, and dess.


astrum

la-noun

astrum n (genitive astrī); second declension

astrī (genitive)
astrum (nominative singular)
astra (nominative plural)
astrī (genitive singular)
astrōrum (genitive plural)
astrō (dative singular)
astrīs (dative plural)
astrum (accusative singular)
astra (accusative plural)
astrō (ablative singular)
astrīs (ablative plural)
astrum (singular vocative)
astra (plural vocative)

Catalan: astre

⇒ English: disaster

French: astre

Italian: astro

Occitan: astre

Portuguese: astro

Romanian: astru

Spanish: astro

[ˈäs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]

From Ancient Greek ἄστρον (ástron, “star”).

astrīs delphīna recēpit Iuppiter

Jupiter admitted the dolphin to the constellations


medallion

en-verb

medallion (third-person singular simple present medallions, present participle medallioning, simple past and past participle medallioned)

medallions (present singular third-person)
medallioning (participle present)
medallioned (participle past)
medallioned (past)

a sunset that medallioned the eastern sky

(transitive, poetic) To mark with, or as with, a medallion or medallions.


glory

glory (third-person singular simple present glories, present participle glorying, simple past and past participle gloried)

glories (present singular third-person)
glorying (participle present)
gloried (participle past)
gloried (past)

From Middle English glory, glorie, from Old French glorie (“glory”), from Latin glōria (“glory, fame, renown, praise, ambition, boasting”). Doublet of gloria. Displaced native Old English wuldor.

der

Down in a casement sat,
A low sea-sunset glorying round her hair

1859–85, Alfred Tennyson, Idylls of the King, "The Last Tournament"

And glossy-throated grace, Isolt the Queen.


colere

it-verb

còlere (first-person singular present còlo, no past historic, no past participle, no imperfect, no future, no subjunctive, no imperfect subjunctive, no imperative)

còlere (canonical)
còlo (first-person present singular)
còlere (infinitive)
còlo (first-person indicative present singular)
còli (indicative present second-person singular)
còle (indicative present singular third-person)

Borrowed from Latin colere (“to worship” ← “to protect” ← “to cultivate”), from earlier *quelō, from Proto-Italic *kʷelō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéleti, derived from the root *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

bor+

(Ariosto, La vita del cortigiano (Satire, I, line 8))

L'arte che più tra noi si studia e cole The art [referring to flattery] that we study and venerate the most (literally, “The art that most among us is studied and venerated”)


secundus

la-adj

secundus (feminine secunda, neuter secundum, comparative secundior, superlative secundissimus); first/second-declension adjective

secunda (feminine)
secundum (neuter)
secundior (comparative)
secundissimus (superlative)
secundus (masculine nominative singular)
secunda (feminine nominative singular)
secundum (neuter nominative singular)
secundī (masculine nominative plural)
secundae (feminine nominative plural)
secunda (neuter nominative plural)
secundī (genitive masculine singular)
secundae (feminine genitive singular)
secundī (genitive neuter singular)
secundōrum (genitive masculine plural)
secundārum (feminine genitive plural)
secundōrum (genitive neuter plural)
secundō (dative masculine singular)
secundae (dative feminine singular)
secundō (dative neuter singular)
secundīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
secundum (accusative masculine singular)
secundam (accusative feminine singular)
secundum (accusative neuter singular)
secundōs (accusative masculine plural)
secundās (accusative feminine plural)
secunda (accusative neuter plural)
secundō (ablative masculine singular)
secundā (ablative feminine singular)
secundō (ablative neuter singular)
secundīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
secunde (masculine singular vocative)
secunda (feminine singular vocative)
secundum (neuter singular vocative)
secundī (masculine plural vocative)
secundae (feminine plural vocative)
secunda (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: segon, segó

English: second (borrowed)

French: second, son

Italian: secondo

Portuguese: segundo

Romanian: secund

Scots: seicont

Sicilian: sicunnu

Spanish: según, segundo

[s̠ɛˈkʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *sekʷondo- (literally “that follows”); equivalent to sequor (“to follow”) + -undus. The positive meanings "favourable, fair" come from the notion of the wind or current following you from behind.

inh

(poetic) propitious, favorable, fortunate


pax

la-noun

pāx f (genitive pācis); third declension

pāx (canonical feminine)
pācis (genitive)
pāx (nominative singular)
pācēs (nominative plural)
pācis (genitive singular)
pācum (genitive plural)
pācī (dative singular)
pācibus (dative plural)
pācem (accusative singular)
pācēs (accusative plural)
pāce (ablative singular)
pācibus (ablative plural)
pāx (singular vocative)
pācēs (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: pace

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian:

Ligurian:

Lombard: paas

Piedmontese: pas

Romagnol:

Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: paz

Catalan: pau

Occitan: patz

desctree

Old French: pais
Middle French:
French: paix
Anglo-Norman: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pese, pece
English: peace
Yola: pace
Bourguignon: pois
Walloon: påye
→ Dutch: peis
→ Middle English: pees, pes, pais

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: paz

Mirandese: paç

Old Galician-Portuguese: paz
Galician: paz
Portuguese: paz

Old Spanish: paz

Spanish: paz

Italo-Dalmatian:

Corsican: patz

Italian: pace

Sicilian: paci

→ Maltese: paċi

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: pâs

Ladin: pesc

Romansch: pasch, pesch

Sardinian:

Campidanese: paxi

Logudorese: paghe

Nuorese: pache

Venetian: paxe

Early borrowings:

→ Albanian: paqe

→ Basque: bake

→ Old Irish: póc

Irish: póg

Modern borrowings:

→ Middle English: pax

English: pax ⇒ paxis

desc

→⇒ English: Pax Americana, Pax Mongolica, Pax Manjurica, Pax Sinica, Pax Sovietica

→ Esperanto: paco

Ido: paco

→ Swedish: pax

From Proto-Italic *pāks, Proto-Indo-European *péh₂ḱ-s (“peace”), from the root *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, to attach”).


ani

Cognate to tani (“now, at present, then”), from Proto-Albanian *nū, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”) (cognate to Sanskrit नू (nū, “now”)). Occurs in coordination with other particles, compare nani, nime.
Further related to Arvanitika Albanian αί (e, “yes”) and (Standard) Albanian a (“probably, whether; or, there”).

cog

Ani mori nuse...

(folklore, poetic) come on, hey; yes, well, alright; oh/ah (a vocative particle or/and complementary poetic tool)


palabra

Borrowed from Spanish palabra (“word”). Doublet of parable.


hail

From Middle English heil (“healthy, sound”), from Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, entire, healthy”). The verb is from Middle English heilen, itself from the adjective. Doublet of whole, hale, and heil.

der

(archaic or poetic) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting.


æsc

æsċ (canonical masculine)
æscas (nominative plural)
æsċ (nominative singular)
æscas (nominative plural)
æsċ (accusative singular)
æscas (accusative plural)
æsċes (genitive singular)
æsca (genitive plural)
æsċe (dative singular)
æscum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: asshe
English: ash
Scots: aish, esh

→ English: æsc (learned)

From Proto-West Germanic *ask. See there for more.


tempest

en-verb

tempest (third-person singular simple present tempests, present participle tempesting, simple past and past participle tempested)

tempests (present singular third-person)
tempesting (participle present)
tempested (participle past)
tempested (past)

From Old French tempeste (French tempête), from Latin tempestas (“storm”), from tempus (“time, weather”).

Oh! dark lowered the clouds on that horrible eve,
And the moon dimly gleamed through the tempested air.

1811, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Drowned Lover,”, in Poems from St. Irvyne

(transitive, chiefly poetic) To disturb, as by a tempest.


albo

es-adj

albo (feminine alba, masculine plural albos, feminine plural albas)

alba (feminine)
albos (masculine plural)
albas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish albo, borrowed from Latin albus. The latter was replaced in Spanish, and much of Romance besides, by blanco (blancus). Doublet of obo and álbum.


vale

From Middle English vale, from Old French val (“valley”), from Latin vallis, valles.

In those fair vales, by nature form'd to please, / Where Guadalquiver serpentines with ease,

1767, Walter Harte, “The Vision of Death”, in The Works of the English Poets, volume 16, published 1810, page 370

"Make me a cottage in the vale," she said, / "Where I may mourn and pray.

1832, Alfred Tennyson, The Palace of Art

Beyond this vale of tears / There is a life above,

a. 1854, James Montgomery, “Hymn 214”, in The Issues of Life and Death


spirare

it-verb

spiràre (first-person singular present spìro, first-person singular past historic spirài, past participle spiràto, auxiliary avére)

spiràre (canonical)
spìro (first-person present singular)
spirài (first-person historic past singular)
spiràto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
spiràre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
spiràndo (gerund)
spirànte (participle present)
spiràto (participle past)
spìro (first-person indicative present singular)
spìri (indicative present second-person singular)
spìra (indicative present singular third-person)
spiriàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
spiràte (indicative plural present second-person)
spìrano (indicative plural present third-person)
spiràvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
spiràvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
spiràva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
spiravàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
spiravàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
spiràvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
spirài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
spiràsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
spirò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
spiràmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
spiràste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
spiràrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
spirerò (first-person future indicative singular)
spirerài (future indicative second-person singular)
spirerà (future indicative singular third-person)
spirerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
spireréte (future indicative plural second-person)
spirerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
spirerèi (conditional first-person present singular)
spirerésti (conditional present second-person singular)
spirerèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
spirerébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
spirerémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
spireréste (conditional plural present second-person)
spirerèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
spirerébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
spìri (first-person present singular subjunctive)
spìri (present second-person singular subjunctive)
spìri (present singular subjunctive third-person)
spiriàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
spiriàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
spìrino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
spiràssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
spiràssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
spiràsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
spiràssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
spiràste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
spiràssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
spìra (imperative second-person singular)
spìri (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
spiriàmo (first-person imperative plural)
spiràte (imperative plural second-person)
spìrino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
spiràre (imperative negative second-person singular)
spìri (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
spiriàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
spiràte (imperative negative plural second-person)
spìrino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

From Latin spīrāre (“to breathe”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys-.

(transitive, figurative, poetic) to inspire

(transitive or intransitive, archaic or poetic) to breathe [auxiliary avere]


tunge

head

tunge c (singular definite tungen, plural indefinite tunger)

tungen (definite singular)
tunger (indefinite plural)
tunge (indefinite nominative singular)
tungen (definite nominative singular)
tunger (indefinite nominative plural)
tungerne (definite nominative plural)
tunges (genitive indefinite singular)
tungens (definite genitive singular)
tungers (genitive indefinite plural)
tungernes (definite genitive plural)

From Old Danish tungæ, Old Norse tunga, Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, cognate with English tongue, German Zunge, Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō). The Germanic word goes back to Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”), cf. Latin lingua, Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā́).

Men da ei Grunden blev tilstrækkelig / For Folkets Antal, drog de over til / Det sorte Bjerg, ja til det hvide Land, / Hvor, skjult bag ved en evig Muur af Iis, / Et andet Folk med anden Tunge taler.

1856, Frederik E. Schiern, Historiske studier, page 86

But when the place was insufficient / For the numbers of the people, they went to / The black mountain, yes, to the white land, / Where, hidden behind an eternal wall of ice, / Another people in another tongue speaks.

Deres høvding havde talt til ham i hans eget folks sprog og forklaret mange ting, som det var vanskeligt at udtrykke i en anden tunge.

2014, Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim, Rosinante & Co

Their chief had spoken to him in his own [not the chief's] people's language and explained many things that would have been difficult to express in another tongue.


tunge

tunga (definite singular)
tunger (indefinite plural)
tungene (definite plural)

From Old Norse tunga f, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ f (“tongue”), from an N-stem variant of earlier Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s f (“tongue”).
Nordic cognates include Icelandic, Faroese, Norn, and Swedish tunga, Danish tunge, Elfdalian tungga. Other Germanic cognates include English tongue, West Frisian tonge, Dutch tong, German Zunge, and Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō).
Indo-European cognates include Armenian լեզու (lezu), Irish teanga, Latin lingua, Lithuanian liežuvis, Northern Kurdish ziman, Persian زبان, Polish język, Russian язык (jazyk), Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā), Tocharian A käntu, Tocharian B kantwo, Welsh tafod.

der

(poetic) bladepoint; tip of a spear, sword, lance or other


gong

English: gang (see there for further descendants); gong, goung (obsolete)

Scots: gang, gaung, ging

Northeastern: dyang, gyang

Inherited from Old English gang, from Proto-West Germanic *gang, form Proto-Germanic *gangaz. Compare gangen.

(poetic, rare) A band or company of armed men.


sa

See sinä; developed through contraction.

(personal, archaic, poetic) you (second-person singular pronoun)


turriger

la-adj

turriger (feminine turrigera, neuter turrigerum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

turrigera (feminine)
turrigerum (neuter)
in -er (masculine nominative singular)
turriger (masculine nominative singular)
turrigera (feminine nominative singular)
turrigerum (neuter nominative singular)
turrigerī (masculine nominative plural)
turrigerae (feminine nominative plural)
turrigera (neuter nominative plural)
turrigerī (genitive masculine singular)
turrigerae (feminine genitive singular)
turrigerī (genitive neuter singular)
turrigerōrum (genitive masculine plural)
turrigerārum (feminine genitive plural)
turrigerōrum (genitive neuter plural)
turrigerō (dative masculine singular)
turrigerae (dative feminine singular)
turrigerō (dative neuter singular)
turrigerīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
turrigerum (accusative masculine singular)
turrigeram (accusative feminine singular)
turrigerum (accusative neuter singular)
turrigerōs (accusative masculine plural)
turrigerās (accusative feminine plural)
turrigera (accusative neuter plural)
turrigerō (ablative masculine singular)
turrigerā (ablative feminine singular)
turrigerō (ablative neuter singular)
turrigerīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
turriger (masculine singular vocative)
turrigera (feminine singular vocative)
turrigerum (neuter singular vocative)
turrigerī (masculine plural vocative)
turrigerae (feminine plural vocative)
turrigera (neuter plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ʊrːɪɡɛr]

(poetic) having turrets, turreted, turret-crowned (an epithet of Cybele, an Earth goddess)


fons

la-noun

fōns m (genitive fontis); third declension

fōns (canonical masculine)
fontis (genitive)
fōns (nominative singular)
fontēs (nominative plural)
fontis (genitive singular)
fontium (genitive plural)
fontī (dative singular)
fontibus (dative plural)
fontem (accusative singular)
fontēs (accusative plural)
fontīs (accusative plural)
fonte (ablative singular)
fontibus (ablative plural)
fōns (singular vocative)
fontēs (plural vocative)

Aragonese: fuent

Asturian: fonte f, fuente f

Catalan: font f

Extremaduran: fuenti, huenti

Franco-Provençal: font

French: fonts m pl

Italian: fonte f

Leonese: fonte

Mirandese: fuonte f

Occitan: fònt f

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: fonte f
Galician: fonte f
Portuguese: fonte f

Sicilian: funti

Spanish: fuente f

Venetian: fontego

→ Old English: font

Middle English: font

English: font

From Proto-Italic *fonts, from earlier *θonts, from a Proto-Indo-European root cognate with Sanskrit धन्वति (dhanvati, “flows, runs”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰónh₂-ti-s, from *dʰenh₂- (“to flow”). See also Danube.

cog

(poetic, usually in the plural) the water or waters of a river, sea etc.


blaze

en-verb

blaze (third-person singular simple present blazes, present participle blazing, simple past and past participle blazed)

blazes (present singular third-person)
blazing (participle present)
blazed (participle past)
blazed (past)

From Middle English blasen, from Middle English blase (“torch”). See above.

(intransitive, poetic) To be conspicuous; shine brightly a brilliancy (of talents, deeds, etc.).


oculus

la-noun

oculus m (genitive oculī); second declension

oculī (genitive)
oculus (nominative singular)
oculī (nominative plural)
oculī (genitive singular)
oculōrum (genitive plural)
oculō (dative singular)
oculīs (dative plural)
oculum (accusative singular)
oculōs (accusative plural)
oculō (ablative singular)
oculīs (ablative plural)
ocule (singular vocative)
oculī (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: oclju

Megleno-Romanian: uocľu

Istro-Romanian: ocľu

Romanian: ochi

Dalmatian:

uaclo, vaclo

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: ochju

Italian: occhio

Neapolitan: uocchio

Tarantino: uècchije

Sassarese: occi

Sicilian: occhiu

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: ogru, ogu, oju, ogiu, ociu

Western Romance of N. Italy and environs:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: òć

Ligurian: éuggio, éuglio, éujo

Lombard: oeugg, oeugl

Piedmontese: eucc, euj

Romagnol: òcc

Friulian: voli

Istriot: uocio

Ladin: uedl

Romansch: egl, îgl, îl, ögl

Venetian: ocio

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: ull

Franco-Provençal: uely

Old French: ueil (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan: olh
Occitan: uèlh

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: uello

Mozarabic: ולויש (wlwyš) (only the plural is attested)

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: güeyu

Leonese: gueyu

Mirandese: uolho

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: olho, ollo
Eonavian: oyo
Fala: ollu
Galician: ollo
Portuguese: olho (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: ojo

Ladino: ojo

Spanish: ojo (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowings:

→ Catalan: òcul (learned)

→ Czech: okulus (learned)

→ English: oculus, Oculi (learned)

→ Esperanto: okulo (learned)
→ Ido: okulo

→ French: oculus (learned)

→ Romanian: oculus (learned)

→ German: Okuli (learned)

→ Interlingua: oculo (learned)

→ Italian: oculo (learned)

→ Portuguese: óculo, óculos (learned)

→ Spanish: óculo (learned)

→ Swedish: oculus (learned)

From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”) with the diminutive suffix -ulus. Compare Sanskrit अक्षि (ákṣi, “eye”), Ancient Greek ὄσσε (ósse, “eyes”), ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

(poetic, literary) luminary of the sun and stars


reed

en-noun

reed (countable and uncountable, plural reeds)

From Middle English red, reed, from Old English hrēod, from Proto-West Germanic *hreud, of uncertain origin.
Akin to Saterland Frisian Rait (“reed”), West Frisian reid (“reed”), Dutch riet (“reed”), German Ried (“reed”). No cognates in North Germanic languages, but the existence of an otherwise unattested Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌹𐌿𐌳 (*hriud) was supposed by the brothers Grimm. They also theorised that the word may have a relation to the retas mentioned in Noctes Atticae (Aulus Gellius). The measuring reed sense is the translation of Akkadian qanûm ("cane") used in the Bible and elsewhere.


levin

levin (countable and uncountable, plural levins)

From Middle English levene. Spellings in Middle English and Early Modern English include leven, levin, levyn, leiven, and leyven. The earlier etymology is less clear. It is thought to be related to Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌹 (lauhmuni) (which see for some more), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright, to shine”). Possibly a regular reflex, possibly North Germanic loan, or possibly from a lost substrate.

der

His soul was like the night around us now, dark, and sultry, and silent, but lighted up by the red levin of wrath and torn by the bellowings of thunder-passion.

1864, George MacDonald, The Old Nurse's Story

And forth rith al so leuin fares.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)]

[c. 1280, “Godrich Displays Great Prowess”, in Frederic Madden, editor, The Lay of Havelok the Dane (in Middle English), London: N[icholas] Trübner & Company, published 1868, page 76, line 2690

[...] I think if some of those amongst whom he hurls the Greek fire of his sarcasm, and over whom he flashes the levin-brand of his denunciation, were to take his warnings in time – they or their seed might escape a fatal Ramoth-Gilead.

1848, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], “Preface to the Second London Edition”, in Jane Eyre: An Autobiography. [...] In Two Volumes, copyright edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernh[ard] Tauchnitz Jun., →OCLC, page IX

Never, elsewhen, from heaven when all serene / Fell there more levin-bolts; nor flamed so oft / Comets with curses fraught.

1854, Virgil, “The First Georgic”, in W[illiam] Sewell, transl., The Georgics of Virgil, Literally and Rhythmically Translated, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: J. H. Parker, →OCLC, pages 20–21

(archaic, poetic) Lightning; a bolt of lightning; also, a bright flame or light.


purppura

purppura (nominative singular)
purppurat (nominative plural)
purppura (accusative nominative singular)
purppurat (accusative nominative plural)
purppuran (accusative genitive singular)
purppurat (accusative genitive plural)
purppuran (genitive singular)
purppuroiden (genitive plural)
purppuroitten (genitive plural)
purppurain (genitive plural rare)
purppuraa (partitive singular)
purppuroita (partitive plural)
purppurassa (inessive singular)
purppuroissa (inessive plural)
purppurasta (elative singular)
purppuroista (elative plural)
purppuraan (illative singular)
purppuroihin (illative plural)
purppuralla (adessive singular)
purppuroilla (adessive plural)
purppuralta (ablative singular)
purppuroilta (ablative plural)
purppuralle (allative singular)
purppuroille (allative plural)
purppurana (essive singular)
purppuroina (essive plural)
purppuraksi (singular translative)
purppuroiksi (plural translative)
purppuratta (abessive singular)
purppuroitta (abessive plural)
purppuroin (instructive plural)
purppuroine (comitative plural)
purppurani (nominative singular)
purppurani (nominative plural)
purppurani (accusative nominative singular)
purppurani (accusative nominative plural)
purppurani (accusative genitive singular)
purppurani (accusative genitive plural)
purppurani (genitive singular)
purppuroideni (genitive plural)
purppuroitteni (genitive plural)
purppuraini (genitive plural rare)
purppuraani (partitive singular)
purppuroitani (partitive plural)
purppurassani (inessive singular)
purppuroissani (inessive plural)
purppurastani (elative singular)
purppuroistani (elative plural)
purppuraani (illative singular)
purppuroihini (illative plural)
purppurallani (adessive singular)
purppuroillani (adessive plural)
purppuraltani (ablative singular)
purppuroiltani (ablative plural)
purppuralleni (allative singular)
purppuroilleni (allative plural)
purppuranani (essive singular)
purppuroinani (essive plural)
purppurakseni (singular translative)
purppuroikseni (plural translative)
purppurattani (abessive singular)
purppuroittani (abessive plural)
purppuroineni (comitative plural)
purppurasi (nominative singular)
purppurasi (nominative plural)
purppurasi (accusative nominative singular)
purppurasi (accusative nominative plural)
purppurasi (accusative genitive singular)
purppurasi (accusative genitive plural)
purppurasi (genitive singular)
purppuroidesi (genitive plural)
purppuroittesi (genitive plural)
purppuraisi (genitive plural rare)
purppuraasi (partitive singular)
purppuroitasi (partitive plural)
purppurassasi (inessive singular)
purppuroissasi (inessive plural)
purppurastasi (elative singular)
purppuroistasi (elative plural)
purppuraasi (illative singular)
purppuroihisi (illative plural)
purppurallasi (adessive singular)
purppuroillasi (adessive plural)
purppuraltasi (ablative singular)
purppuroiltasi (ablative plural)
purppurallesi (allative singular)
purppuroillesi (allative plural)
purppuranasi (essive singular)
purppuroinasi (essive plural)
purppuraksesi (singular translative)
purppuroiksesi (plural translative)
purppurattasi (abessive singular)
purppuroittasi (abessive plural)
purppuroinesi (comitative plural)
purppuramme (nominative singular)
purppuramme (nominative plural)
purppuramme (accusative nominative singular)
purppuramme (accusative nominative plural)
purppuramme (accusative genitive singular)
purppuramme (accusative genitive plural)
purppuramme (genitive singular)
purppuroidemme (genitive plural)
purppuroittemme (genitive plural)
purppuraimme (genitive plural rare)
purppuraamme (partitive singular)
purppuroitamme (partitive plural)
purppurassamme (inessive singular)
purppuroissamme (inessive plural)
purppurastamme (elative singular)
purppuroistamme (elative plural)
purppuraamme (illative singular)
purppuroihimme (illative plural)
purppurallamme (adessive singular)
purppuroillamme (adessive plural)
purppuraltamme (ablative singular)
purppuroiltamme (ablative plural)
purppurallemme (allative singular)
purppuroillemme (allative plural)
purppuranamme (essive singular)
purppuroinamme (essive plural)
purppuraksemme (singular translative)
purppuroiksemme (plural translative)
purppurattamme (abessive singular)
purppuroittamme (abessive plural)
purppuroinemme (comitative plural)
purppuranne (nominative singular)
purppuranne (nominative plural)
purppuranne (accusative nominative singular)
purppuranne (accusative nominative plural)
purppuranne (accusative genitive singular)
purppuranne (accusative genitive plural)
purppuranne (genitive singular)
purppuroidenne (genitive plural)
purppuroittenne (genitive plural)
purppurainne (genitive plural rare)
purppuraanne (partitive singular)
purppuroitanne (partitive plural)
purppurassanne (inessive singular)
purppuroissanne (inessive plural)
purppurastanne (elative singular)
purppuroistanne (elative plural)
purppuraanne (illative singular)
purppuroihinne (illative plural)
purppurallanne (adessive singular)
purppuroillanne (adessive plural)
purppuraltanne (ablative singular)
purppuroiltanne (ablative plural)
purppurallenne (allative singular)
purppuroillenne (allative plural)
purppurananne (essive singular)
purppuroinanne (essive plural)
purppuraksenne (singular translative)
purppuroiksenne (plural translative)
purppurattanne (abessive singular)
purppuroittanne (abessive plural)
purppuroinenne (comitative plural)
purppuransa (nominative singular)
purppuransa (nominative plural)
purppuransa (accusative nominative singular)
purppuransa (accusative nominative plural)
purppuransa (accusative genitive singular)
purppuransa (accusative genitive plural)
purppuransa (genitive singular)
purppuroidensa (genitive plural)
purppuroittensa (genitive plural)
purppurainsa (genitive plural rare)
purppuraansa (partitive singular)
purppuroitaan (partitive plural)
purppuroitansa (partitive plural)
purppurassaan (inessive singular)
purppurassansa (inessive singular)
purppuroissaan (inessive plural)
purppuroissansa (inessive plural)
purppurastaan (elative singular)
purppurastansa (elative singular)
purppuroistaan (elative plural)
purppuroistansa (elative plural)
purppuraansa (illative singular)
purppuroihinsa (illative plural)
purppurallaan (adessive singular)
purppurallansa (adessive singular)
purppuroillaan (adessive plural)
purppuroillansa (adessive plural)
purppuraltaan (ablative singular)
purppuraltansa (ablative singular)
purppuroiltaan (ablative plural)
purppuroiltansa (ablative plural)
purppuralleen (allative singular)
purppurallensa (allative singular)
purppuroilleen (allative plural)
purppuroillensa (allative plural)
purppuranaan (essive singular)
purppuranansa (essive singular)
purppuroinaan (essive plural)
purppuroinansa (essive plural)
purppurakseen (singular translative)
purppuraksensa (singular translative)
purppuroikseen (plural translative)
purppuroiksensa (plural translative)
purppurattaan (abessive singular)
purppurattansa (abessive singular)
purppuroittaan (abessive plural)
purppuroittansa (abessive plural)
purppuroineen (comitative plural)
purppuroinensa (comitative plural)

From Swedish purpur, from Latin purpura, from Ancient Greek πορφύρα (porphúra).


fold

From Middle English folde, from Old English folde (“earth, land, country, district, region, territory, ground, soil, clay”), from Proto-Germanic *fuldǭ, *fuldō (“earth, ground; field; the world”). Cognate with Old Norse fold (“earth, land, field”), Norwegian and Icelandic fold (“land, earth, meadow”).

inh

(dialectal, poetic or obsolete) The Earth; earth; land, country.


fold

head

fold f (genitive singular foldar, nominative plural foldir)

foldar (genitive singular)
foldir (nominative plural)


fold

non-decl-blank-full

fold

fold (indefinite nominative singular)
foldin (definite nominative singular)
foldar (indefinite nominative plural)
foldir (indefinite nominative plural)
foldarnar (definite nominative plural)
foldirnar (definite nominative plural)
fold (accusative indefinite singular)
foldina (accusative definite singular)
foldar (accusative indefinite plural)
foldir (accusative indefinite plural)
foldarnar (accusative definite plural)
foldirnar (accusative definite plural)
fold (dative indefinite singular)
foldu (dative indefinite singular)
foldinni (dative definite singular)
foldum (dative indefinite plural)
foldunum (dative definite plural)
foldar (genitive indefinite singular)
foldarinnar (definite genitive singular)
folda (genitive indefinite plural)
foldanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: fold

⇒ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: Vestfold, Østfold

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: Vestfold, Austfold, Østfold

From Proto-Germanic *fuldō (“earth, ground; field; the world”).

inh

Hitt vas fyrr, / at fold ruðu
sverðberendr / sínum dróttni.[…]

9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 5

[…] It happened before, / that the sword-bearers
reddened the ground / with [the blood of] their lord. […]

[…]Hvé sú jǫrð heitir, / er liggr fyr alda sonum
heimi hverjum í?
10. Jǫrð heitir með mǫnnum,
en með Ásum fold, / kalla vega Vanir.
[…] How is the earth named, / which lies before the sons of men,
in each of the worlds?
10. "Earth" it is named among men,

900-1100, The Alvíssmál, verses 9 and 10

but among the Æsir "Field", / the Vanir call it "Ways".


susi

soe (genitive)
sutt (partitive)
susi (nominative singular)
soed (nominative plural)
susi (accusative nominative singular)
soed (accusative nominative plural)
soe (accusative genitive singular)
soed (accusative genitive plural)
soe (genitive singular)
sute (genitive plural)
sutt (partitive singular)
susi (partitive plural)
sutte (illative singular)
soesse (illative singular)
sutesse (illative plural)
susisse (illative plural)
soes (inessive singular)
sutes (inessive plural)
susis (inessive plural)
soest (elative singular)
sutest (elative plural)
susist (elative plural)
soele (allative singular)
sutele (allative plural)
susile (allative plural)
soel (adessive singular)
sutel (adessive plural)
susil (adessive plural)
soelt (ablative singular)
sutelt (ablative plural)
susilt (ablative plural)
soeks (singular translative)
suteks (plural translative)
susiks (plural translative)
soeni (singular terminative)
suteni (plural terminative)
soena (essive singular)
sutena (essive plural)
soeta (abessive singular)
suteta (abessive plural)
soega (comitative singular)
sutega (comitative plural)


olim

For ōle, olle, ōlus, ollus, archaic forms of ille, with locative ending -im, = illō tempore.

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction

(chiefly poetic) one day, once, at some (future) time


wave

From Middle English *wave, partially from waven (“to fluctuate, wave”) (see above) and partially from Middle English wawe, waghe (“wave”), from Old English wǣg (“a wave, billow, motion, water, flood, sea”), from Proto-Germanic *wēgaz (“motion, storm, wave”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to drag, carry”). Cognate with North Frisian weage (“wave, flood, sea”), German Woge (“wave”), French vague (“wave”) (from Germanic), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌲𐍃 (wēgs, “a wave”). See also waw.

cog

1895, Fiona Macleod (William Sharp), The Sin-Eater and Other Tales
[…] your father Murtagh Ross, and his lawful childless wife, Dionaid, and his sister Anna—one and all, they lie beneath the green wave or in the brown mould.

2024 January 14, Kim Darroch, “Whoever rules the waves rules the world... The Red Sea crisis will show us if that’s true”, in The Observer


où

Inherited from Middle French où, from Old French ou, from Latin ubi (“where?”). The grave accent was added in Middle French to differentiate from ou (“or”).

Un ciel plus pur et des dieux meilleurs, je t’offre à Rome où je me rends.

A purer heaven and better gods I offer you in Rome, whither I go.


ess

head

ess n (genitive singular ess, nominative plural ess)

ess (genitive singular)
ess (nominative plural)
ess (indefinite nominative singular)
essið (definite nominative singular)
ess (indefinite nominative plural)
essin (definite nominative plural)
ess (accusative indefinite singular)
essið (accusative definite singular)
ess (accusative indefinite plural)
essin (accusative definite plural)
essi (dative indefinite singular)
essinu (dative definite singular)
essum (dative indefinite plural)
essunum (dative definite plural)
ess (genitive indefinite singular)
essins (definite genitive singular)
essa (genitive indefinite plural)
essanna (definite genitive plural)


duellum

la-noun

duellum n (genitive duellī); second declension

duellī (genitive)
duellum (nominative singular)
duella (nominative plural)
duellī (genitive singular)
duellōrum (genitive plural)
duellō (dative singular)
duellīs (dative plural)
duellum (accusative singular)
duella (accusative plural)
duellō (ablative singular)
duellīs (ablative plural)
duellum (singular vocative)
duella (plural vocative)
duellī (locative singular)
duellīs (locative plural)

la-ndecl

The locative form duellī occurred as an archaic alternative to <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">bellī</i> with the same sense of "at war", "in wartime"; this form is found in the works of Plautus.

→ Danish: duel

→ English: duel

→ Esperanto: duelo

→ Middle French: duel (semi-learned)

French: duel

→ Russian: дуэль (duelʹ)

→ Dutch: duel

→ Galician: duelo (semi-learned)

→ German: Duell

→ Ido: duelo

→ Italian: duello (semi-learned)

→ English: duelo

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: duell

→ Piedmontese: duel (semi-learned)

→ Portuguese: duelo (semi-learned)

→ Romanian: duel (semi-learned)

→ Spanish: duelo (semi-learned)

→ Swedish: duell

[d̪uˈɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *dwellom, further etymology uncertain.
Perhaps from *deh₂w-, *dew- (“to injure, destroy, burn”), cognate with Ancient Greek δαίω (daíō, “to burn”), δηιοτής (dēiotḗs, “battle”), δύη (dúē, “misery, pain”).
See also *dwey- (“to fear”), whence dīrus, Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós), Sanskrit द्वेषस् (dvéṣas) and others.
De Vaan instead favors Pinault 1987's proposal of a derivation from a diminutive of bonus (“good, brave”) (Proto-Italic *dwenos), i.e. bellus, with the sense developing from an originally euphemistic use.
The initial dw of duellum changed to b in bellum (compare the change from duis to bis, and duonos to bonus). See w:History of Latin § Other sequences. The archaic form duellum survived in poetry. In Medieval Latin, the sense shifted to a combat between, specifically, two contenders, under the influence of the (non-cognate) word duo (“two”).

abeo. valete, iudices iustissimi / domi dvellique dvellatores optumi.

c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 68, (iambic senarius)

Translation by Henry Thomas Riley
Fare ye well, at home, most upright judges, and in warfare most valiant combatants.

Victores victis hostibus legiones reveniunt domum,

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 1.1.188–189, (iambic octonarius)

Victorious, the enemy vanquished, our legions are returning home,
with a mighty war brought to an end and all the enemy slain.

duello exstincto maximo atque internecatis hostibus.


guma

guman (nominative plural)
guma (nominative singular)
guman (nominative plural)
guman (accusative singular)
guman (accusative plural)
guman (genitive singular)
gumena (genitive plural)
guman (dative singular)
gumum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: gome, gom, gomme, gone, goom, goome, gume
English: gome
Scots: gome

From Proto-Germanic *gumô.
Cognates
Germanic cognates include Old Saxon gumo, Old High German gumo, gomo, Old Norse gumi (Icelandic gumi and Norwegian gume), Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin homō, Proto-Balto-Slavic *źmṓ (Lithuanian žmogùs).

Swā sceal geong guma gōde gewyrcean,

So should a young man do good deeds
by fine treasure-gifts while in his father's keeping


sheathe

en-verb

sheathe (third-person singular simple present sheathes, present participle sheathing, simple past and past participle sheathed)

sheathes (present singular third-person)
sheathing (participle present)
sheathed (participle past)
sheathed (past)
sheathe (infinitive)

From Late Middle English shethen (“to put (a sword or knife) into a sheath, sheathe; to provide with a sheath; (figuratively) to have sexual intercourse”) [and other forms], then:
* probably from Old English *scēaþian; or
* possibly from Middle English sheth, shethe (“holder for a sword, knife, etc., scabbard, sheath”) [and other forms] + -en (suffix forming the infinitive of verbs). Sheth(e) is derived from Old English sċēaþ (“sheath”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþiju, from Proto-Germanic *skaiþiz (“sheath; covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to dissect, split”) (possibly from the notion of a split stick with a sword inserted).

nb...

chethe, scǽð, scaþ, schede, schete, scheth, schethe, seaþ, seeth, seth, sethe, shæþ, shede, sheethe, sheith, (Southwest) ssethe, sseþe, (early forms) scæðe, scaþe, seaþe

der

[T]hey who either thro Hatred, or Ambition, or Covetouſneſs, do fight with evil Men, and ſo kill one another, fight not under the Banner of Chriſt, but the Devil; ſhewing [...] how difficult for ſuch to be in Charity (without which no Man ſhall ſee God) who ſheathe their Swords in their Brethens Bowels.

1708, Erasmus Roterodamus, “[A Sermon of Conforming and Reforming, Made to the Convocation at St. Paul’s Church in London, by John Colet, D.D. Dean of the Said Church, in the Year 1511.] The Life of Dr. Colet.”, in [John Dunton], editor, The Second Volume of The Phenix: Or, A Revival of Scarce and Valuable Pieces No Where to be Found but in the Closets of the Curious. […], volume II, number Phenix XVII, London: Printed for J[ohn] Morphew […], →OCLC, § 29, page 25

(transitive, dated or literary, poetic, figuratively) To thrust (a sharp object like a sword, a claw, or a tusk) into something.


vast

From Middle French vaste, from Latin vastus (“void, immense”). Related to waste and German Wüste.


immense

From Middle French immense, from Latin immensus, from in- (“not”) + mensus (“measured”). Compare incommensurable.

The half of Asia is my prison-house,
Myriads of convicts lost in its Immense—
I look with terror to my crowning day.

1882, James Thomson (B. V.), Despotism Tempered by Dynamite

The events that took place in the immenses of the former USSR three years ago remind one about ancient rule of everyday life which is equally applicable both to daily routine and to politics: […]

1994, New Times International, numbers 1-8, page 9

(poetic) Immense extent or expanse; immensity.


quire

en-verb

quire (third-person singular simple present quires, present participle quiring, simple past and past participle quired)

quires (present singular third-person)
quiring (participle present)
quired (participle past)
quired (past)

From Middle English quer, quere, from Old French quer, from Latin chorus, from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós, “company of dancers or singers”). Doublet of choir, chorus, and hora.

der

I saw the 'potamus take wing / Ascending from the damp savannas, / And quiring angels round him sing / The praise of God, in loud hosannas.

1920, T. S. Eliot, “Hippopotamus”, in Poems

He went on down the hill, toward the dark woods within which the liquid silver voices of the birds called unceasing-the rapid and urgent beating of the urgent and quiring heart of the late spring night.

(intransitive, poetic) To sing in concert.


aweary

en-adj

aweary (comparative more aweary, superlative most aweary)

more aweary (comparative)
most aweary (superlative)

She said, 'I am aweary, aweary, / I would that I were dead!'

1849+, George Ticknor, History Of Spanish Literature
And all his people told him that their horses were aweary, and that they were aweary themselves.

The sky leans dumb on the sea, / Aweary with all its wings;

1871, Dante Gabriel Rosetti, The cloud confines, lines 49–50

"Nay, save that she seems aweary".

1891, Arthur Conan Doyle, The White Company - Chapter XII

ante 1924 (posthumous, died 1910): Mark Twain, Autobiography
I was aweary, aweary, and I put it in the waste basket. Ten days later the bill came again, and with it a shadowy threat. I waste-basketed it.

"I am aweary with watching," said Frid. "Praise to Allah the day is ours. Ho, slaves!"


jarl

jarls (genitive)
jarl (indefinite nominative singular)
jarlinn (definite nominative singular)
jarlar (indefinite nominative plural)
jarlarnir (definite nominative plural)
jarl (accusative indefinite singular)
jarlinn (accusative definite singular)
jarla (accusative indefinite plural)
jarlana (accusative definite plural)
jarli (dative indefinite singular)
jarlinum (dative definite singular)
jǫrlum (dative indefinite plural)
jǫrlunum (dative definite plural)
jarls (genitive indefinite singular)
jarlsins (definite genitive singular)
jarla (genitive indefinite plural)
jarlanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

jarl

Icelandic: jarl

Faroese: jallur

Norwegian Nynorsk: jarl

Old Swedish: iarl, iærl

Swedish: järl

Old Danish: ierl

→ Danish: jarl (reborrowed)

Norwegian Bokmål: jarl

→ English: jarl

→ Finnish: jaarli

→ Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)

From Proto-Norse ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *erlaz.

(poetic) A highborn, noble man or warrior.


brand

From Middle English brand, from Old English brand (“fire; flame; burning; torch; sword”), from Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to bubble forth; brew; spew forth; burn”). Cognate with Scots brand, West Frisian brân (“fire”), Dutch brand, German Brand, Swedish brand (“blaze, fire”), Icelandic brandur, French brand (< Germanic). More distantly cognate with Proto-Slavic *gorěti (“to burn”).

der

to burn something to brands and ashes

The fearful brands and bleezes of het fire.

1859-1890, John Gorham Palfrey, History of New England to the Revolutionary War
Snatching a live brand from a wigwam, Mason threw it on a matted roof.

Or when amid the Grecians shippes, / he threw the brandes of fyre.

(archaic or poetic) A piece of burning wood or peat, or a glowing cinder.


brand

English: brand

Scots: brand

Yola: broan, brone, brand

From Old English brand, brond, from Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.


brand

brand (nominative singular)
brandas (nominative plural)
brand (accusative singular)
brandas (accusative plural)
brandes (genitive singular)
branda (genitive plural)
brande (dative singular)
brandum (dative plural)

Middle English: brand, brond

English: brand

Scots: brand

From Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.


brand

brand (indefinite nominative singular)
branden (definite nominative singular)
bränder (indefinite nominative plural)
bränderna (definite nominative plural)
brands (genitive indefinite singular)
brandens (definite genitive singular)
bränders (genitive indefinite plural)
brändernas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish brander, from Old Norse brandr, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu-. A derivative of brinna.


avail

en-noun

avail (countable and uncountable, plural avails)

From Middle English availen (“to be of use”), from Old French a (“to”) + vail from valoir (“to be worth”), from Latin valere (“to be worthy, strong”).

And ev'n now, though he breathless lies, his sails / Are struggling with the winds, for our avails / T'explore a passage hid from human tract, / Will fame him in the enterprise or fact.

1613, Thomas Campion, “Songs of Mourning”, in Poetical Works (in English) of Thomas Campion, published 1907, page 125


Iuppiter

la-proper noun

Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); third declension

Iovis (genitive)
Iuppiter (nominative singular)
Iovēs (nominative plural)
Iovis (genitive singular)
Iovum (genitive plural)
Iovī (dative singular)
Iovibus (dative plural)
Iovem (accusative singular)
Iovēs (accusative plural)
Iove (ablative singular)
Iovibus (ablative plural)
Iuppiter (singular vocative)
Iovēs (plural vocative)

→ Afrikaans: Jupiter

→ Arabic: جُوبِيتَر (jūbītar)

→ Armenian: Յուպիտեր (Yupiter)

Asturian: Xúpiter

→ Azerbaijani: Yupiter

→ Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Basque: Jupiter

→ Bulgarian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

Catalan: Júpiter

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 朱庇特 (Zhūbìtè)

Cantonese: 朱庇特 (zyu1 bei3 dak6)

→ Cornish: Jubyter, Yow

→ Czech: Jupiter

→ Dutch: Jupiter

→ English: Jupiter, Jove

→ Esperanto: Jupitero

→ Estonian: Jupiter

→ Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter

Franco-Provençal: Jupitèr

French: Jupiter

Galician: Xúpiter

→ German: Jupiter

→ Hungarian: Jupiter

→ Icelandic: Júpíter

→ Indonesian: Yupiter

→ Irish: Iúpatar

Italian: Giove

→ Latvian: Jupiters

→ Lithuanian: Jupiteris

→ Macedonian: Јупитер (Jupiter)

→ Maltese: Ġovè

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: Юпи́теръ (Jupíter), Упи́теръ (Upíter)
Belarusian: Юпі́тэр (Jupíter)
Carpathian Rusyn: Юпі́тер (Jupíter)
Ukrainian: Юпі́тер (Jupíter); юпі́тер (jupíter)

→ Persian: ژوپیتر (župiter)

→ Polish: Jowisz, Jupiter

Portuguese: Júpiter

→ Romanian: Jupiter

→ Russian: Юпи́тер (Jupíter)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Jùpiter/Ју̀питер

→ Slovak: Jupiter

→ Slovene: Júpiter

Spanish: Júpiter

→ Swedish: Jupiter

→ Tagalog: Hupiter

→ Turkish: Jüpiter

→ Tuvan: Юпитер (Yupiter)

→ Wolof: Yupiter

→ Yoruba: Júpítérì

→ Zulu: uJupitheri

[ˈi̯ʊpːɪt̪ɛr]

The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from the vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; from Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other branches of Indo-European Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyáuṣ-pitṛ́), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”). Equivalent to diēs (cf. Iovis) + pater.
The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (originating from the accusative case of *djous) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


lapis

la-noun

lapis m (genitive lapidis); third declension

lapidis (genitive)
lapis (nominative singular)
lapidēs (nominative plural)
lapidis (genitive singular)
lapidum (genitive plural)
lapidī (dative singular)
lapidibus (dative plural)
lapidem (accusative singular)
lapidēs (accusative plural)
lapide (ablative singular)
lapidibus (ablative plural)
lapis (singular vocative)
lapidēs (plural vocative)

Inherited:

Romanian: lespede (possibly)

Spanish: laude

Borrowed:

→ Albanian: laps

→ Catalan: llapis, làpida

→ Galician: lapis

→ Romagnol: àbiș

→ Italian: lapis, lapide

→ Maltese: lapes

→ Piedmontese: làpis

→ Portuguese: lápide, lápis

→ Russian: ляпис (ljapis)

→ Spanish: lápida, lápiz

→ Venetian: łàpis

From Proto-Italic *lapets. May be connected with Ancient Greek λέπας (lépas, “bare rock, crag”), either from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel”) (compare secō – saxum; rumpō – rupēs) or, more likely, a Mediterranean substrate language.


navita

la-noun

nāvita m (genitive nāvitae); first declension

nāvita (canonical masculine)
nāvitae (genitive)
nāvita (nominative singular)
nāvitae (nominative plural)
nāvitae (genitive singular)
nāvitārum (genitive plural)
nāvitae (dative singular)
nāvitīs (dative plural)
nāvitam (accusative singular)
nāvitās (accusative plural)
nāvitā (ablative singular)
nāvitīs (ablative plural)
nāvita (singular vocative)
nāvitae (plural vocative)

[ˈnäːu̯ɪt̪ä]

Navita de ventis, de tauris narrat arator,

The sailor tells of winds, the ploughman of bulls,
the soldier counts his wounds, the shepherd his sheep.


sidus

sīdus n (genitive sīderis); third declension

sīdus (canonical neuter)
sīderis (genitive)
sīdus (nominative singular)
sīdera (nominative plural)
sīderis (genitive singular)
sīderum (genitive plural)
sīderī (dative singular)
sīderibus (dative plural)
sīdus (accusative singular)
sīdera (accusative plural)
sīdere (ablative singular)
sīderibus (ablative plural)
sīdus (singular vocative)
sīdera (plural vocative)

[ˈs̠iːd̪ʊs̠]

Tentatively thought to derive from a Proto-Italic *sīþos (“mark, target”), with a putative semantic shift (from hunters' jargon) from "target" > "star". Further origin unclear, with multiple theories proposed:
* Some derive this from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“sweat”), whence Latin sūdor, Ancient Greek ἱδρώς (hidrṓs), English sweat; however there are phonetic problems, most notably the initial /s/ in Greek instead of expected */h/.
* Rix, connecting the word to Ancient Greek ῑ̓θῠ́ς (īthús, “straight, just”) and Sanskrit साध् (sādh, “to go straight to a goal”), derives the terms from a Proto-Indo-European *seHdʰ- (“to achieve a goal”), and the Latin from a reduplicative form *si-sHdʰ-u- > *sisdʰu- > *sizdu- > *sīdu-. This is semantically tenuous.
* Compare Ancient Greek σίδηρος (sídēros, “iron”). This is semantically unconvincing.
* Possibly borrowed from a substrate.
* Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *sh₂i-dʰh₁-o- (“binding”), from *sh₂ey- (“to bind, tie, fasten”), whence saeculum (“age, race, generation”). De Vaan tentatively prefers this derivation.


d'

(archaic, poetic, colloquial) Apocopic form of de: the


tra

From Proto-Brythonic *trans, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-. Cognate with English through, Latin trans.

Mae hynny'n fater tra gwahanol.


nigh

en-adj

nigh (comparative nigher or more nigh, superlative nighest or most nigh)

nigher (comparative)
more nigh (comparative)
nighest (superlative)
most nigh (superlative)

From Middle English neygh, nygh, nye, nyȝ, from Old English nēah, nēh, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhw, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian nai (“near”), West Frisian nei (“near, close by”), Dutch na (“close, near”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”). See also near.

cog

The end is nigh!

a. 1831, Ludovico Ariosto, William Stewart Rose (translator), Orlando Furioso, 2006, Echo Library, page 185,
He at his head took aim who stood most nigh;

By these and many histories more, it is most evident, that the more nigh salvation and deliverance approach, the more vehement is temptation and trouble.

1831, John Knox, The History of the Reformation of Religion in Scotland, page 421

The enemy, somewhat imboldened, draws nigher to the fort.

1834, Davy Crockett, A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett, page 197

You then went to St. Andrews, the nighest ocean port.

1889, House of Commons of Canada, Debates: Official Report, volume 2, page 1408

The end is nigh (or at least it was supposed to be), but the Pacers in northern England kept plugging away providing a service while awaiting the much-delayed arrival of their replacements.

2020 May 20, John Crosse, “Soon to be gone... but never forgotten”, in Rail, page 63, photo caption

Who sends the waves that bring us nigh / Unto the shore, the rock of Christ?

2020, Keith Getty, Matt Boswell, Jordan Kauflin, Matt Merker, Matt Papa (lyrics and music), “Christ Our Hope in Life and Death”Getty Music Publishing (BMI) / Messenger Hymns (BMI) / Matthew Merker Music (BMI) / Jordan Kauflin Music (BMI) / Getty Music Hymns and Songs (ASCAP) / Love Your Enemies Publishing (ASCAP)

(archaic, poetic) Near, close by, almost, all but.


serene

From Middle English, borrowed from Latin serēnus (“clear, cloudless, untroubled”).

der

To their master is denied / To share their sweet serene.

1742, Edward Young, Night Thoughts on Life, Death and Immortality


audeo

la-verb

audeō (present infinitive audēre, perfect active ausī or ausus sum, supine ausum); second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent

audeō (canonical)
optionally semi-deponent (canonical)
audēre (infinitive present)
ausī (active perfect)
ausus sum (active perfect)
ausum (supine)
audeō (active first-person indicative present singular)
audēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
audet (active indicative present singular third-person)
audēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
audētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
audent (active indicative plural present third-person)
audēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
audēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
audēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
audēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
audēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
audēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
audēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
audēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
audēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
audēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
audēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
audēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
ausī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ausus sum (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
ausistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ausus es (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
ausit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ausus est (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
ausimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ausī sumus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
ausistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ausī estis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
ausērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ausēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
ausī sunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
auseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
ausus eram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
auserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
ausus erās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
auserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
ausus erat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
auserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
ausī erāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
auserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
ausī erātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
auserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
ausī erant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
auserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
ausus erō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
auseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
ausus eris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
auserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
ausus erit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
auserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
ausī erimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
auseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ausī eritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
auserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
ausī erint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
ausō (active first-person future sigmatic singular)
ausis (active future second-person sigmatic singular)
ausit (active future sigmatic singular third-person)
ausimus (active first-person future plural sigmatic)
ausitis (active future plural second-person sigmatic)
ausint (active future plural sigmatic third-person)
audeam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
audeās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
audeat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
audeāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
audeātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
audeant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
audērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
audērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
audēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
audērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
audērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
audērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
auserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
ausus sim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
auserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ausus sīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
auserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ausus sit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
auserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
ausī sīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
auserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ausī sītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
auserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ausī sint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ausissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ausus essem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
ausissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ausus essēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ausisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ausus esset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ausissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ausī essēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
ausissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ausī essētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ausissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ausī essent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ausim (active aorist first-person sigmatic singular)
ausīs (active aorist second-person sigmatic singular)
ausīt (active aorist sigmatic singular third-person)
ausīmus (active aorist first-person plural sigmatic)
ausītis (active aorist plural second-person sigmatic)
ausint (active aorist plural sigmatic third-person)
audē (active imperative present second-person singular)
audēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
audētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
audētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
audētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
audentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
audēre (active infinitive present)
ausum esse (active infinitive perfect)
ausūrum esse (active future infinitive)
audēns (active participle present)
ausus (active participle perfect)
ausūrus (active future participle)
audendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
audendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
audendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
audendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
ausum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
ausū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

From avidus (“greedy”) + -eō (stative suffix), hence originally meaning “to be greedy”, as also evidenced by the form sōdēs (“if you please”) < *sī audēs (literally “if you want very much”). For the supine ausum compare also ārdeō : ārsum and gaudeō : gavīsum, in which the i was retained.


ay

From Middle English ai, from Old Norse ei, from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“eternity, age”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“vitality”); cognate with Old English ā, Ancient Greek ἀεί (aeí, “always”), and Latin aevum (“an age”).

O he that hath ay lived free, …

1670, John Barbour, The Acts and Life of the most victorious Conquerour Robert Bruce King of Scotland, as cited in 1860, Thomas Corser, Collectanea Anglo-poetica, page 160

(archaic, poetic or Northern England) Always; ever; continually; for an indefinite time.


halcyon

Inherited from Middle English Alceoun, from Latin halcyōn, alcyōn (“kingfisher”), from Ancient Greek ἀλκυών (alkuṓn).

And, by the way, during those halcyon days (the halcyon was there, too, chattering above every creek, as he is all over the world) we fought another battle.

(poetic) A kingfisher whose nesting by the sea was said, in classical mythology, to cause the Gods to restrain the wind and waves.

The dead body of such a bird, said in Tudor times to act as a weather vane when hung from a beam.


val

head

val c (singular definite valen, not used in plural form)


val

valen (definite singular)
valer (indefinite plural)
valene (definite plural)


ala

az-adj

ala (comparative daha ala, superlative ən ala)

daha ala (comparative)
ən ala (superlative)

ala gözlər


ædre

desc

Middle English: ȝedire, yēder (“frequently”)

From Proto-Germanic *ēdraz, from Proto-Indo-European *āt- (“quick”). Cognate with Old High German atar, Old Saxon adro, Latvian ātrs.


Charon

Charon
Charon (disambiguation)
Charon (moon)
Edmond Hamilton
NASA

From Ancient Greek Χάρων (Khárōn). The name of the moon was coined by American astronomer James W. Christy in 1978, in reference to a fictional moon of Pluto in a novel by Edmond Hamilton but also influenced by its similarity to Char, a pet name for Charlene, his wife's name — hence the alternative American pronunciation, which is used at NASA.


ὁ

ho (romanization)
hē (romanization)
tó (romanization)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ἡ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τώ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
οἱ (masculine nominative plural)
αἱ (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
τῆς (feminine genitive singular)
τοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
τοῖν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τῶν (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τῇ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖν (dative dual masculine)
τοῖν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ταῖς (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τήν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τώ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τούς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ἡ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τώ (dual feminine nominative)
τᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
οἱ (masculine nominative plural)
τοί (masculine nominative plural)
αἱ (feminine nominative plural)
ταί (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
τοῖο (genitive masculine singular)
τῆς (feminine genitive singular)
τοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖο (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖιν (dual genitive masculine)
τοῖιν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖιν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τῶν (feminine genitive plural)
τᾱ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τῇ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖιν (dative dual masculine)
τοῖιν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖιν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
τοῖσι (dative masculine plural)
τοῖσιν (dative masculine plural)
toîs (dative masculine plural)
toîsi (dative masculine plural)
toîsin (dative masculine plural)
τῇς (dative feminine plural)
τῇσι (dative feminine plural)
τῇσιν (dative feminine plural)
têis (dative feminine plural)
têisi (dative feminine plural)
têisin (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τοῖσι (dative neuter plural)
τοῖσιν (dative neuter plural)
toîs (dative neuter plural)
toîsi (dative neuter plural)
toîsin (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τήν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τώ (accusative dual feminine)
τᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τούς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ᾱ̔ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
τοὶ (masculine nominative plural)
ταὶ (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τῶ (genitive masculine singular)
τᾶς (feminine genitive singular)
τῶ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
ταῖν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τᾶν (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τᾷ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖν (dative dual masculine)
ταῖν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ταῖς (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τᾱ́ν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τώς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)

grc-adecl

First and second declension of ὁ, ἡ, τό (Attic, Koine)

First and second declension of ὁ, ἡ, τό (Epic)

τοῖς, τοῖσι(ν)

τῇς, τῇσι(ν)

First and second declension of ὁ, ἁ, τό (Laconian, Doric)

Greek: ο (o)

Tsakonian: ο (o)

From Proto-Hellenic *ho *hā *tó, from Proto-Indo-European *só *séh₂ *tód. There are many cognates, including Sanskrit स (sá), सा (sā́) तद् (tád), Old Church Slavonic тъ (tŭ), та (ta), то (to), and Old English sē, sēo, þæt (English the, that).

never used in Classical Attic proseRelative also used in exclamations

indefinite relative used in indirect questions

(relative, Epic, Ionic, poetic Attic) who, which, that


mar

head

mar m (genitive singular mars, nominative plural marar or marir)

mars (genitive singular)
marar (nominative plural)
marir (nominative plural)
mar (indefinite nominative singular)
marinn (definite nominative singular)
marar (indefinite nominative plural)
mararnir (definite nominative plural)
mar (accusative indefinite singular)
marinn (accusative definite singular)
mara (accusative indefinite plural)
marana (accusative definite plural)
mari (dative indefinite singular)
mar (dative indefinite singular)
marinum (dative definite singular)
marnum (dative definite singular)
mörum (dative indefinite plural)
mörunum (dative definite plural)
mars (genitive indefinite singular)
marsins (definite genitive singular)
mara (genitive indefinite plural)
maranna (definite genitive plural)
mar (indefinite nominative singular)
marinn (definite nominative singular)
marir (indefinite nominative plural)
marirnir (definite nominative plural)
mar (accusative indefinite singular)
marinn (accusative definite singular)
mari (accusative indefinite plural)
marina (accusative definite plural)
mari (dative indefinite singular)
mar (dative indefinite singular)
marinum (dative definite singular)
marnum (dative definite singular)
mörum (dative indefinite plural)
mörunum (dative definite plural)
mars (genitive indefinite singular)
marsins (definite genitive singular)
mara (genitive indefinite plural)
maranna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse marr, from Proto-Germanic *marhaz.


mar

marar (genitive singular)
mar (indefinite nominative singular)
marinn (definite nominative singular)
mar (accusative indefinite singular)
marinn (accusative definite singular)
mari (dative indefinite singular)
mar (dative indefinite singular)
marinum (dative definite singular)
marnum (dative definite singular)
marar (genitive indefinite singular)
mararins (definite genitive singular)

From Old Norse marr, from Proto-Germanic *mari.


favor

ca-noun

favor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural favors)

From Latin favōrem. First attested in the 14th century.


foam

en-noun

foam (countable and uncountable, plural foams)

From Middle English fom, foom, from Old English fām, from Proto-West Germanic *faim, from Proto-Germanic *faimaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)poHy-m-os, from *(s)poH(y)- (“foam”). Cognate with German Feim (“foam”), Latin spūma (“foam”), Latin pūmex (“pumice”), Sanskrit फेन (phéna, “foam”), possibly Northern Kurdish fê (“epilepsy”).

skuim

substance composed of a large collection of bubbles or their solidified remains

He is in Europe, across the foam.

How slowly does sad Time his feathers moue? / Hast thee O fayrest Planet to thy home / Within the Westerne fome:

You must dwell beyond the foam, / But I am safe and live at home.

1885, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Foreign Children”, in A Child’s Garden of Verses, London: Longmans, Green, page 34

But as for me, I'd sooner be
A-roaring here at home
About the rolling, roaring life
Of them that sails the foam.

1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 171


matra

id-noun

matra (first-person possessive matraku, second-person possessive matramu, third-person possessive matranya)

matraku (first-person possessive)
matramu (possessive second-person)
matranya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit मात्रा (mātrā, “measure”). Doublet of meter.
* Displaced Dutch dimensie (“dimension”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(poetic) a measure of the length of a syllable; equivalent to mora.


mirar

pt-verb

mirar (first-person singular present miro, first-person singular preterite mirei, past participle mirado)

miro (first-person present singular)
mirei (first-person preterite singular)
mirado (participle past)
mirar (impersonal infinitive)
mirar (first-person infinitive singular)
mirares (infinitive second-person singular)
mirar (infinitive singular third-person)
mirarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
mirardes (infinitive plural second-person)
mirarem (infinitive plural third-person)
mirando (gerund)
mirado (masculine participle past singular)
mirados (masculine participle past plural)
mirada (feminine participle past singular)
miradas (feminine participle past plural)
miro (first-person indicative present singular)
miras (indicative present second-person singular)
mira (indicative present singular third-person)
miramos (first-person indicative plural present)
mirais (indicative plural present second-person)
miram (indicative plural present third-person)
mirava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
miravas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mirava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mirávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
miráveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
miravam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mirei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
miraste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
mirou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
miramos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
mirámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
mirastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
miraram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mirara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
miraras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
mirara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
miráramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
miráreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
miraram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
mirarei (first-person future indicative singular)
mirarás (future indicative second-person singular)
mirará (future indicative singular third-person)
miraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
mirareis (future indicative plural second-person)
mirarão (future indicative plural third-person)
miraria (conditional first-person singular)
mirarias (conditional second-person singular)
miraria (conditional singular third-person)
miraríamos (conditional first-person plural)
miraríeis (conditional plural second-person)
mirariam (conditional plural third-person)
mire (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mires (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mire (present singular subjunctive third-person)
miremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mireis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mirem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mirasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mirasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mirasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mirássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mirásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mirassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mirar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
mirares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
mirar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
mirarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
mirardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
mirarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
mira (imperative second-person singular)
mire (imperative singular third-person)
miremos (first-person imperative plural)
mirai (imperative plural second-person)
mirem (imperative plural third-person)
não mires (imperative negative second-person singular)
não mire (imperative negative singular third-person)
não miremos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não mireis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não mirem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mirar, from Latin mīrārī (“marvel at”).


terror

ca-noun

terror m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural terrors)


rank

de-adj

rank (strong nominative masculine singular ranker, comparative ranker, superlative am ranksten)

ranker (masculine nominative singular strong)
ranker (comparative)
am ranksten (superlative)
rank (masculine predicative singular)
rank (feminine predicative singular)
rank (neuter predicative singular)
rank (plural predicative)
ranker (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
ranke (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
rankes (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
ranke (nominative plural strong without-article)
ranken (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
ranker (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
ranken (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
ranker (genitive plural strong without-article)
rankem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
ranker (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
rankem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
ranken (dative plural strong without-article)
ranken (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
ranke (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
rankes (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
ranke (accusative plural strong without-article)
der ranke (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die ranke (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das ranke (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die ranken (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des ranken (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der ranken (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des ranken (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der ranken (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem ranken (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der ranken (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem ranken (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den ranken (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den ranken (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die ranke (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das ranke (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die ranken (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein ranker (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine ranke (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein rankes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
ranken (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine ranken (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines ranken (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer ranken (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines ranken (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
ranken (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner ranken (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem ranken (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer ranken (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem ranken (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
ranken (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen ranken (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen ranken (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine ranke (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein rankes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
ranken (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine ranken (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
ranker (comparative masculine predicative singular)
ranker (comparative feminine predicative singular)
ranker (comparative neuter predicative singular)
ranker (comparative plural predicative)
rankerer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
rankere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
rankeres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
rankere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
rankeren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
rankerer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
rankeren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
rankerer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
rankerem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
rankerer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
rankerem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
rankeren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
rankeren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
rankere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
rankeres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
rankere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der rankere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die rankere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das rankere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die rankeren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des rankeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der rankeren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des rankeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der rankeren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem rankeren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der rankeren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem rankeren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den rankeren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den rankeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die rankere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das rankere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die rankeren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein rankerer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine rankere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein rankeres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
rankeren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine rankeren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines rankeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer rankeren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines rankeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
rankeren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner rankeren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem rankeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer rankeren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem rankeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
rankeren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen rankeren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen rankeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine rankere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein rankeres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
rankeren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine rankeren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am ranksten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am ranksten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am ranksten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am ranksten (plural predicative superlative)
rankster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
rankste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
rankstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
rankste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
ranksten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
rankster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
ranksten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
rankster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
rankstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
rankster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
rankstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
ranksten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
ranksten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
rankste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
rankstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
rankste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der rankste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die rankste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das rankste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die ranksten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des ranksten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der ranksten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des ranksten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der ranksten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem ranksten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der ranksten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem ranksten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den ranksten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den ranksten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die rankste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das rankste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die ranksten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein rankster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine rankste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein rankstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
ranksten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine ranksten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines ranksten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer ranksten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines ranksten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
ranksten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner ranksten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem ranksten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer ranksten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem ranksten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
ranksten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen ranksten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen ranksten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine rankste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein rankstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
ranksten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine ranksten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German rank, ranc, from Old Saxon *rank, from Proto-West Germanic *rank.

(poetic, dated, except in the phrase rank und schlank) lithe, lissome


latest

From Middle English lateste, from Old English latost, latest, lætest, superlative of læt, whence English late.


aurora

aurora (nominative singular)
aurory (nominative plural)
aurory (genitive singular)
auror (genitive plural)
aurorze (dative singular)
aurorom (dative plural)
aurorę (accusative singular)
aurory (accusative plural)
aurorą (instrumental singular)
aurorami (instrumental plural)
aurorze (locative singular)
aurorach (locative plural)
auroro (singular vocative)
aurory (plural vocative)

(poetic) red sky at morning (term for the brightening sky just before sunrise, when the sky takes on a yellow-orange color on the horizon)


aurora

Learned borrowing from Latin aurōra (“dawn, sunrise”), from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsōs (“dawn”).


bud

(16th-century, archaic, poetic) A bribe or reward.


climate

en-verb

climate (third-person singular simple present climates, present participle climating, simple past and past participle climated)

climates (present singular third-person)
climating (participle present)
climated (participle past)
climated (past)

From Middle English climat, from Old French climat, from Latin clima, from Ancient Greek κλίμα (klíma, “latitude”, literally “inclination”).


glaive

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-glaive.wav

From Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”), from Old French glaive (“lance; sword”), from Late Latin glavus. The further etymology is uncertain; one possibility is that glavus reflects Latin gladius (“sword”) crossed with clāva (“club”); another is that it derives from a re-crossing of gladius with Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”); yet another is that it is a borrowing into Late Latin from Old Irish claideb. All of the aforementioned words derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”). The Oxford English Dictionary notes that none of these words had the oldest meaning of Old French glaive (“lance”). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch glavie, glaye (“lance”); Middle High German glavîe, glævîn (“lance”), Swedish glaven (“lance”).

ref

From Wendelin Boeheim (1890) “Die Glese und die Couse”, in Handbuch der Waffenkunde. Das Waffenwesen in seiner historischen Entwicklung vom Beginn des Mittelalters bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts [Handbook of Weapon Knowledge. Weaponry in Its Historical Development from the Beginning of the Middle Ages to the End of the 18th Century.] (Seemanns kunstgewerbliche Handbücher; VII), Leipzig: E. A. Seemann, →OCLC, figure 396, pages 343–344.

der

Wherefore do you ſo ill tranſlate yourſelf, / Out of the ſpeech of peace, that bears ſuch grace, / Into the harſh and boiſt'rous tongue of war? / Turning your books to glaives, your ink to blood, / Your pens to lances, and your tongue divine / To a loud trumpet, and a point of war?
In the First Quarto (1600) of the play and in Shakespeare’s First Folio (1623), the word is rendered as graues (graves).

c. 1596–1599, William Shakespear[e], “The Second Part of Henry IV. […]”, in The Works of Mr. William Shakespear, volume III (Consisting of Historical Plays), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon-Press, published 1770, →OCLC, act IV, scene i, page 426

Thus furth he drew his truſty glaive, / While thouſands all arround, / Drawn frae their ſheaths glanſt in the ſun, / And loud the bougills ſound.

1750, Allan Ramsay, “Hardyknute. A Fragment of an Old Heroic Ballad.”, in The Tea-table Miscellany: Or, A Collection of Choice Songs, Scots and English, […], 11th edition, volume I, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, stanza XXI, page 215

(loosely or poetic, archaic) A sword, particularly a broadsword.


час

bg-noun

час • (čas) m (relational adjective ча́сов)

čas (romanization)
ча́сов (adjective relational)
час (indefinite singular)
часове́ (indefinite plural)
часъ́т (definite singular subjective)
часове́те (definite plural subjective)
часа́ (definite objective singular)
часове́те (definite objective plural)
ча́са (count-form plural)

настъ́пи заве́тният час

(poetic) suitable moment (to undertake something)


час

ru-noun+

час • (čas) m inan (genitive ча́са, nominative plural часы́, genitive plural часо́в, relational adjective часово́й, diminutive ча́сик or часо́к)

čas (romanization)
ча́са (genitive)
часы́ (nominative plural)
часо́в (genitive plural)
часово́й (adjective relational)
ча́сик (diminutive)
часо́к (diminutive)
ча́с (nominative singular)
часы́ (nominative plural)
ча́са (genitive singular)
часо́в (genitive plural)
ча́су (dative singular)
часа́м (dative plural)
ча́с (accusative singular)
часы́ (accusative plural)
ча́сом (instrumental singular)
часа́ми (instrumental plural)
ча́се (prepositional singular)
часа́х (plural prepositional)
ча́су (partitive singular)
часу́ (locative singular)
часа́ (paucal)

desc

→ Kildin Sami: ча̄сс (čāss, “hour, watch”)

→ Yakut: чаас (caas, “hour”)

Inherited from Old East Slavic часъ (časŭ), from Proto-Slavic *časъ.

inh+

Час распла́ты наста́л.


dire

dire (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
disant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
dit (participle past)
dis (first-person indicative present singular)
dis (indicative present second-person singular)
dit (indicative present singular third-person)
disons (first-person indicative plural present)
dites (indicative plural present second-person)
disent (indicative plural present third-person)
disais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
disais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
disait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
disions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
disiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
disaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
dis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
dit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
dîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
dîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
dirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
dirai (first-person future indicative singular)
diras (future indicative second-person singular)
dira (future indicative singular third-person)
dirons (first-person future indicative plural)
direz (future indicative plural second-person)
diront (future indicative plural third-person)
dirais (conditional first-person singular)
dirais (conditional second-person singular)
dirait (conditional singular third-person)
dirions (conditional first-person plural)
diriez (conditional plural second-person)
diraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
dise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
disions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
disiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
disent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
disse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
disses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
dissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
dissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dis (imperative second-person singular)
disons (first-person imperative plural)
dites (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Middle French dire, from Old French dire, from Latin dīcō, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”).

inh

dis-moi qui tu fréquentes et je te dirai qui tu es

en moins de temps qu’il ne faut pour le dire

Il leur offrit de dire la messe pour leur obtenir de Dieu, au lieu de l’argent qu’ils demandaient, la grâce de souffrir chrétiennement leur ruine.

1888, Jean le Rond d'Alembert, La Suppression des jésuites (éd. populaire abrégée) [The Suppression of the Jesuits (Abridged Popular Ed.)], Édouard Cornély

He offered to say mass to them to obtain for them from God, instead of the money that they were requesting, the grace to suffer their ruin Christianly.

Je dirai vos exploits.

(transitive, poetic) to say, to tell of (to celebrate, to sing, to narrate)