Abaddon

From the Middle English Abadon, Abbadon, Labadon, Laabadon, from the Late Latin Abaddōn, from the Ancient Greek Ἀβαδδών (Abaddṓn), from the Biblical Hebrew אבדון (ʾăḇaddōn, literally “destruction, abyss”), from אבד (ʾāḇaḏ, “to be lost, to perish”).

der

(poetic) Hell; the bottomless pit; a place of destruction.


academe

From New Latin academia, from Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía); Doublet of academy. Academe (frequently capitalized) is a poetic name for the garden or grove near ancient Athens where Plato taught, supposedly named for its former owner, the hero Ἀκάδημος (Akademos; Ἑκάδημος, Hekademos).

Navarre shall be the wonder of the world; / Our court shall be a little Academe,/ Still and contemplative in living art.

1603, William Shakespeare, Love's Labour's Lost

(poetic) An academy; a place of learning.

If it did nothing else, Homosexuality: Social, Psychological, and Biological Issues shows that the basic tenet of gay liberation—that is, viewing gayness as having an intrinsic validity—has finally entered and taken root in the groves of academe.

1983 December 3, Michael Bronski, “Homosexuality: Social, Psychological and Biological Issues (review)”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 20, page 10

His father expected him to enter the government or a major corporation upon graduation from the university, but Noboru Wataya chose to remain in academe and become a scholar.

1997, Haruki Murakami, translated by Jay Rubin, The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.; republished New York: Vintage Books, 1998, page 74

(poetic) The scholarly life, environment, or community.


Lethean

From Latin Lēthē, from Ancient Greek Λήθη (Lḗthē).

They ferry over this Lethean sound.

The cup which was offered to you when you departed from Elysium was to be the Lethean draught, which would make you forget the joys you had experienced[.]

1813, Thomas Jefferson Hogg, The Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff, London: T. Hookham, jun., and E.T. Hookham, page 99

Accordingly, she one day took the Lethean crown from off his head: immediately all his old ideas rushed on his mind, and inflamed him with an ardent desire to revisit his country.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 80

(chiefly poetic, Greek mythology) Of or relating to the river Lethe, one of the four rivers of Hades. Those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness.


abrupt

First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).

(poetic) Something which is abrupt; an abyss.


ab

head

ab (definite accusative abı, plural ablar)

abı (accusative definite)
ablar (plural)

From Ottoman Turkish آب (āb, “water”), from Persian آب (âb).


een

(poetic or dialectal, Scotland) evening.


hour

Bislama: aua

Tok Pisin: aua

→ Hausa: awa

From Middle English houre, hour, oure, from Anglo-Norman houre, from Old French houre, (h)ore, from Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “any time or period, whether of the year, month, or day”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”). Akin to Old English ġēar (“year”). Doublet of hora and year.
Partly displaced native Old English tīd (“time, hour”), whence Modern English tide.

der

the darkest hour is always just before the dawn

the darkest hour is just before the dawn

The hour grows late and I must go home.


may

en-verb

may (third-person singular simple present may, no present participle, simple past might, no past participle)

may (present singular third-person)
might (past)

From Middle English mowen, mayen, moȝen, maȝen, from Old English magan, from Proto-West Germanic *magan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ-.
Cognate with Dutch mag (“may”, first and third-person singular of mogen (“to be able to, be allowed to, may”)), Low German mögen, German mag (“like”, first and third-person singular of mögen (“to like, want, require”)), Swedish må, Icelandic mega, megum. See also might.

cog

first and third-person singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">mogen</i> (“to be able to, be allowed to, may”)

first and third-person singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">mögen</i> (“to like, want, require”)

one may as well hang for a sheep as a lamb

there may be snow on the mountaintop but there's fire in the valley

there may be snow on the rooftop but there is fire in the furnace

the wolf may lose his teeth but never his nature

those who will not when they may, when they will they shall have nay

O weary night, O long and tedious night,
Abate thy houres, shine comforts from the East,
That I may backe to Athens by day-light […].

1600, William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night's Dream, III.3

(intransitive, poetic) To be able to go.

may you win;  may the weather be sunny

May God bless and keep you always / May your wishes all come true / May you always do for others / And let others do for you / May you build a ladder to the stars / And climb on every rung / May you stay forever young

1974, Bob Dylan (lyrics and music), “Forever Young”, in Planet Waves

May I never miss the thrill of being near you

1984, “No More Lonely Nights”, performed by Paul McCartney

(subjunctive present, defective, chiefly poetic) Expressing a wish (with present subjunctive effect).


may

en-verb

may (third-person singular simple present mays, present participle maying, simple past and past participle mayed)

mays (present singular third-person)
maying (participle present)
mayed (participle past)
mayed (past)

From French mai, so called because it blossoms in the month of May.

Soo it befelle in the moneth of May / quene Gueneuer called vnto her knyȝtes of the table round / and she gafe them warnynge that erly vpon the morowe she wold ryde on mayeng in to woodes & feldes besyde westmynstre.
"So it befell in the month of May, Queen Guenever called unto her knights of the Table Round; and she gave them warning that early upon the morrow she would ride a-Maying into woods and fields beside Westminster."

1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XIX, Chapter i leaf 386v

In valleys green and still / Where lovers wander maying

1922, A. E. Housman, Last Poems, VII, lines 1-2

(poetic, intransitive) To gather may, or flowers in general.

(poetic, intransitive) To celebrate May Day.


van

van (nominative singular)
vany (nominative plural)
vanu (genitive singular)
vanů (genitive plural)
vanu (dative singular)
vanům (dative plural)
van (accusative singular)
vany (accusative plural)
vane (singular vocative)
vany (plural vocative)
vanu (locative singular)
vanech (locative plural)
vanem (instrumental singular)
vany (instrumental plural)

(archaic, poetic) breeze (light, gentle wind)


abysm

From Middle English abime, from Old French abisme from Late Latin *abyssimus, a superlative of abyssus (“bottomless pit”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos). Cognate to French abîme. See also abyss.

(archaic, poetic) Hell; the infernal pit; the great deep; the primal chaos.


os

ōs (canonical neuter)
ōris (genitive)
ōs (nominative singular)
ōra (nominative plural)
ōris (genitive singular)
ōrum (genitive plural)
ōrī (dative singular)
ōribus (dative plural)
ōs (accusative singular)
ōra (accusative plural)
ōre (ablative singular)
ōribus (ablative plural)
ōs (singular vocative)
ōra (plural vocative)

→ English: os

From Proto-Italic *ōs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os. Cognates include Hittite 𒀀𒄿𒅖 (aiš), Sanskrit आस् (ās), Old Irish á, Old English ōr.

[…] primi clipeos mentitaque tela / adgnoscunt, atque ora sono discordia signant.

1697 translation by John Dryden
They first observe, and to the rest betray, / Our diff'rent speech; our borrow'd arms survey.


fero

it-adj

fero (feminine fera, masculine plural feri, feminine plural fere)

fera (feminine)
feri (masculine plural)
fere (feminine plural)

(archaic, poetic) Alternative form of fiero


acclaim

en-noun

acclaim (countable and uncountable, plural acclaims)

(poetic) An acclamation; a shout of applause.


sky

The noun is derived from Middle English ski, skie, sky (“firmament, heavens, sky; cloud; cloud of mist or vapour; fog, mist; (astrology) certain configuration of the heavens; (astronomy) sphere of the celestial realm; (physiology) cloudiness, smoky residue (for example, in urine)”) [and other forms], from Old Norse ský (“cloud”), from Proto-Germanic *skiwją (“cloud; sky”), from *skiwô (“cloud; cloud cover, haze; sky”) (whence Old English sċēo (“cloud”) and Middle English skew (“air; sky; (rare) cloud”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover; to conceal, hide”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
The English word is cognate with Old English scēo (“cloud”), Old Saxon scio, skio, skeo (“light cloud cover”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål sky (“cloud”), Old Irish ceo (“mist, fog”), Irish ceo (“mist, fog”). It is also related to Old English scūa (“shadow, darkness”), Latin obscūrus (“dark, shadowy”), Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers”). See also hide, hose, house, hut, shoe.

nb...

schi, schie, schye, sci, scki, scky, scy, skei, skiʒe, skiȝe, sky, skye, (Early Middle English) skige

cog

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

This mortal has incurred the wrath of the skies.

(chiefly literary and poetic, archaic) Usually preceded by the: the abode of God or the gods, angels, the souls of deceased people, etc.; heaven; also, powers emanating from heaven.

qiell

the abode of God or the gods, etc. — see also heaven


winter

en-noun

winter (countable and uncountable, plural winters)

From Middle English winter, from Old English winter, from Proto-Germanic *wintruz (“winter”). Cognate with West Frisian winter (“winter”), Dutch winter (“winter”), German Winter (“winter”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian vinter (“winter”), Icelandic vetur (“winter”).

Life's autumn past, I stand on winter's verge.

Buterin seemed to sense that the market was out of balance, and he made a smart decision that helped Ethereum weather the crypto winter and continue to build while the market was down.

2023, Ben Armstrong, Catching Up to Crypto, page 78

(figuratively, poetic) The period of decay, old age, death, or the like.


accumulate

From Middle English accumylaten, from Latin accumulātus, perfect passive participle of accumulō (“amass, pile up”), formed from ad (“to, towards, at”) + cumulō (“heap”), from cumulus (“a heap”). First attested in the 1520's.


summer

summer (countable and uncountable, plural summers)

Great Summer Army
Red Summer
Revolution Summer
Summer Archbishop's Palace
Summer Coast
Summer Garden
Summer Isles
Summer Palace (disambiguation)
Summer Paralympics
Summer of Three Popes
Summercon
Summerfest
Year Without a Summer
summer

From Middle English somer, sumer, from Old English sumor (“summer”), from Proto-West Germanic *sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz (“summer”), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-, oblique of *semh₂- (“summer, year”).
Cognate with Scots somer, sumer, simer (“summer”), West Frisian simmer (“summer”), Saterland Frisian Suumer (“summer”), Dutch zomer (“summer”), Low German Sommer (“summer”), German Sommer (“summer”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål sommer (“summer”), Swedish sommar (“summer”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic sumar (“summer”), Welsh haf (“summer”), Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”), Sanskrit समा (sámā, “a half-year, season, weather, year”),
Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham-, “summer”), Middle Persian ḥʾmyn (hāmīn, “summer”), Northern Kurdish havîn (“summer”), Central Kurdish ھاوین (hawîn, “summer”).

cog

He was barely eighteen summers old.

She had seen not more than twenty summers.

(poetic or humorous) year; used to give the age of a person, usually a young one.


vi

From Old Swedish hvi, from Old Norse hví, from Proto-Germanic *hwī (“by what, how”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey, locative of *kʷis (“who”). Cognate with Old Danish hvi, Danish hvi, Old West Norse hví, Norwegian Nynorsk kvi, Norwegian Bokmål hvi, Old Saxon hwi, hwiu, Old High German hwiu, Middle High German wiu, German wie (“how”), Old English hwȳ, hvī, Middle English why, English why, more distantly with Latin quī (“what, who, which”).

Men när Jesus sågh theras tanckar, sadhe han, Hwj tencken j ondt j idhor hierta?
(pre-1906 spelling) Men när Jesus såg deras tankar, sade han, Hvi tänken I ondt i edor hjerta?

And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts?


grey

Inherited from Old Spanish grey, from Latin gregem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to assemble, gather together”).


blood

en-noun

blood (countable and uncountable, plural bloods)

Belizean Creole: blod

Torres Strait Creole: blad

→ Greek: μπλάντι (blánti)

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old English blōd
Middle English blood
English blood
From Middle English blood, from Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- ("to swell") + -ó- (thematic vowel) + -to (nominalizer), i.e. "that which bursts out". Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bloud, West Frisian bloed, Dutch bloed, German Blut, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian blod, Icelandic and Faroese blóð.

etymon

(poetic) The juice of anything, especially if red.


Albanian

en-adj

Albanian (comparative more Albanian, superlative most Albanian)

more Albanian (comparative)
most Albanian (superlative)

(historical, poetic or rare) Scottish, especially referring to the Kingdom of Alba, Scotland, between 900 and 1286.


can

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(poetic, literary) Apocopic form of cane; dog


humor

ca-noun

humor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural humors)


yet

→ Sranan Tongo: ete

From Middle English yet, yit, from Old English ġīet, gȳta, from Proto-West Germanic *jūta, from Proto-Germanic *juta (compare West Frisian jit, jitte (“yet”), Dutch ooit (“ever”), German jetzt (“now”)), compound of (1) *ju (“already”, adverb), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-, accusative of *h₂óyu (“long time”) and (2) the Proto-Germanic *ta (“to, towards”), from Proto-Indo-European *do. More at aye and -th.

He is yet breathing. (He is still breathing.)

Thus far; up to the present; up to some unspecified time.

(poetic or archaic) In affirmative use: still.


Saxon

→ Korean: 색슨 (saekseun)

→ Welsh: Sacson

Partially from Middle English Saxe, Sax; from Old English *Seaxa (attested in plural Seaxan), and Saxoun, from Old French *Saxoun, Saxon (“Saxon”), from Late Latin Saxonem, accusative of Saxo (“a Saxon”), both from Proto-West Germanic *sahs, from Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“rock, knife”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).
Cognates:
Cognate with Middle Low German sasse (“someone speaking Saxon, i.e. (Middle) Low German”), Old English Seaxa (“a Saxon”), Old High German Sahso (“a Saxon”), Icelandic Saxi (“a Saxon”), Estonian saks (“lord; German”), Finnish Saksa (“Germany”). Also cognate to Old English seax (“a knife, hip-knife, an instrument for cutting, a short sword, dirk, dagger”); more at sax.

cog

Then came the call to arms, love, the heather was aflame / Down from the silent mountains, the Saxon strangers came.

1973, Sean McCarthy (lyrics and music), “Shanagolden”

(Ireland, Wales, poetic) An English/British person.


Saxon

en-adj

Saxon (comparative more Saxon, superlative most Saxon)

more Saxon (comparative)
most Saxon (superlative)

He was a large, very Saxon type of man; that is to say, an English one, having shed the vices and cruelties and developed the patience and cool-headedness.

1987, Idries Shah, Adventures, Facts and Fantasy in Darkest England, London: The Octagon Press, page 325

(Ireland, Wales, poetic) Of, relating to, or characteristic of England, typically as opposed to a Celtic nationality.


storm

en-verb

storm (third-person singular simple present storms, present participle storming, simple past and past participle stormed)

storms (present singular third-person)
storming (participle present)
stormed (participle past)
stormed (past)
storm (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English stormen (“of the wind: to blow violently; to cause to roll or toss”), from storm (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitives of verbs).
Compare Middle English sturmen (“to attack (someone) with great force”), from Old English styrman (“to rage, storm; to make a great noise, cry aloud, shout, storm”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturmijan (“to storm”), from Proto-Germanic *sturmijaną (“to storm”), from *sturmaz (“a storm”) (see etymology 1) + *-janą (suffix forming causatives from strong verbs, with a sense of ‘to cause to do [the action of the verb]’). The Middle English word did not survive into modern English.
The noun is derived from verb sense 2.3 (“to violently assault (a fortified position or stronghold, a building, etc.) with the aim of gaining control of it”).
cognates
* Dutch stormen (“to bluster, storm”)
* German stürmen (“to rage, storm; to assault, attack”)
* Icelandic storma (“to storm”)
* Low German stormen (“to storm”)
* Swedish storma (“to bluster, storm”)

ŝtormi

to have strong winds and usually lightning and thunder, and/or hail, rain, or snow

щурмува́м

No Engines can a Tyrant find, / to ſtorm the Truth-ſupported Mind, […]

1750 March 27 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), Thomas Morell (lyrics), George Frideric Handel (music), Theodora: An Oratorio […], London: […] I. Walsh […], published [1751], →OCLC, page 17

(chiefly military) To violently assault (a fortified position or stronghold, a building, etc.) with the aim of gaining control of it.

(figurative, often poetic) To assault or gain control or power over (someone's heart, mind, etc.).

vallata

to assault or gain control or power over (someone’s heart, mind, etc.)


next

From Middle English nexte, nexste, nixte, from Old English nīehsta, nīehste, etc., inflected forms of nīehst (“nearest, next”), superlative form of nēah (“nigh”) (the comparative would become near), corresponding to Proto-Germanic *nēhwist (“nearest, closest”); equivalent to nigh + -est. Cognate with Saterland Frisian naist (“next”), Dutch naast (“next to”), German nächst (“next”), Danish næste (“next”), Swedish näst (“next”), Icelandic næst (“next”), Persian نزد (nazd, “near, with”).

inh

D is so dainty a letter, that she admits no other consonant next her but R:[…]

1660, James Howell, Lexicon Tetraglotton, an English-French-Italian-Spanish Dictionary: […] By the Labours, and Lucubrations of James Howell, page 117

All persons, in walking the streets, whose right sides are next the wall, are intitled to take the wall.

The fact that the line cannot be original is patent from the fact that Aias in the rest of the Iliad is not encamped next the Athenians […] .

1900, The Iliad, edited, with apparatus criticus, prolegomena, notes, and appendices, translated by Walter Leaf (London, Macmillan), notes on line 558 of book 2

Photographs indicate that the southern terminals of the ditch system next the west gate may be in echelon, whilst those marginal to the east gate may be slightly inturned.

1986, University of Wales Board of Celtic Studies, Bwletin Y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd - Volume 33, page 413

(obsolete or poetic) On the side of; nearest or adjacent to; next to.

knock someone into the middle of next week


color

ca-noun

color m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural colors)

Inherited from Latin colōrem. Compare Occitan color, French couleur.


midnight

From Middle English midnight, from Old English midniht, from Proto-Germanic *midjanahts (“midnight”), equivalent to mid- + night. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Midnoacht (“midnight”), Old High German mittinaht (“midnight”), Danish midnat (“midnight”), Swedish midnatt (“midnight”), Icelandic miðnætti (“midnight”). Compare also Saterland Frisian Middernoacht (“midnight”), Dutch middernacht (“midnight”), German Mitternacht (“midnight”).

cog

Free and falling, his midnight hair flowed out all around us like a silk canopy.

2013, Sharon Ricklin, Ravenswynd Legends, page 143


work

en-verb

work (third-person singular simple present works, present participle working, simple past and past participle worked or (rare/archaic) wrought)

works (present singular third-person)
working (participle present)
worked (participle past)
worked (past)
wrought (archaic participle past)
wrought (archaic past)
work (infinitive)

→ Cantonese: work (adjective)

From Middle English werken and worchen, from Old English wyrċan and wircan (Mercian), from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ǵyéti (“to be working, to be at work”), from the root *werǵ-. Cognate with Old Frisian werka, wirka, Old Saxon wirkian, Low German warken, Dutch werken, Old High German wurken (German wirken, werken and werkeln), Old Norse yrkja and orka, (Swedish yrka and orka), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (waurkjan).

влияя

to effect by gradual degrees (intransitive)

bane sig vej

to effect by gradual degrees (transitive)

(ditransitive, poetic) To cause (someone) to feel (something); to do unto somebody (something, whether good or bad).


of

Unclear, but totally overtook the function of g-, inherited from Proto-Germanic *ga-.

of + barmr (“bosom”) + -i (“agent suffix”) → of barmi (“brother”, literally “of the same bosom; co-bosomer”)

(archaic, poetic) Indicates association or togetherness; co-.

[…] Ok sikling / svigðis geira

c. 850, Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 1]

[…] And the windless wave of the spears of the bull [HORNS > MEAD] was to destroy the prince.

(archaic, poetic) Indicates completeness or wholeness. In verbs, also indicates perfectivity (a finished action).


mi

mi (nominative singular)
mit (nominative plural)
min (genitive singular)
min (genitive plural)
mitä (partitive singular)
mitä (partitive plural)
minne (singular sublative)
mi (accusative singular)
min (accusative singular)
mitkä (accusative plural)
missä (inessive singular)
missä (inessive plural)
milloin (singular temporal)
mistä (elative singular)
mistä (elative plural)
miten (causative singular)
mihin (illative singular)
mihin (illative plural)
millä (adessive singular)
millä (adessive plural)
miltä (ablative singular)
miltä (ablative plural)
mille (allative singular)
mille (allative plural)
minä (essive singular)
minä (essive plural)
miksi (singular translative)
miksi (plural translative)

Alternative form of mikä (“what”) (especially as a relative pronoun)


mi

Mi gyönyörűség!


bombard

From Middle English bombard, from Middle French bombarde (“a bombard, mortar, catapult"; also "a bassoon-like musical instrument”), from Latin bombus (“buzzing; booming”).
The modern pronunciation is from modern French bombarde.

der

With mines and parallels contracts the space;
Then bids the battering floats his labors crown
And pour their bombard on the shuddering town


sun

[…] preſſo a monte Giulio Ceſare ſi puoſe la milizia di Magrino […], & in ſun’unaltro monte preſſo a quello […]
[[…] presso a Monte Giulio Cesare si puose la milizia di Magrino […]; e in sun un altro monte, presso a quello […]]

mid 13ᵗʰ century–1280s, Ricordano Malispini, “Come Catellino e sua gente sconfissano e amazorono Fiorino; e della venuta di Giulio Cesare con l’oste de’ romani [How Catiline and his people defeated and killed Fiorinus; and of the arrival of Julius Caesar with the Roman host]” (chapter 16), in Istoria antica; republished as Istoria antica di Ricordano Malespini gentil'uomo fiorentino dall’edificazione di Fiorenza insino all'anno MCCLXXXI, con l'aggiunta di Giachetto suo nipote dal detto anno per insino al 1286, Florence: Stamperia Giunti, 1568, page 9

[…] Macrinus' force was stationed near Mount Julius Caesar […] ; and, on another mountain, near that one […]

(poetic, rare) Alternative form of su used before a vowel


el

az-noun

el (definite accusative eli, plural ellər)

eli (accusative definite)
ellər (plural)
el (nominative singular)
ellər (nominative plural)
eli (accusative definite singular)
elləri (accusative definite plural)
elə (dative singular)
ellərə (dative plural)
eldə (locative singular)
ellərdə (locative plural)
eldən (ablative singular)
ellərdən (ablative plural)
elin (definite genitive singular)
ellərin (definite genitive plural)
elim (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərim (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
elin (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərin (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
eli (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
elləri (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
eliniz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
elləriniz (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
eli (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
elləri (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
elləri (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
elimi (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərimi (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
elini (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərini (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
elini (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ellərini (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
elinizi (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ellərinizi (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
elini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərini (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
elimə (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərimə (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
elinə (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərinə (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
elinə (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ellərinə (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimizə (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimizə (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
elinizə (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ellərinizə (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
elinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərinə (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
elimdə (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərimdə (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
elində (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərində (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
elində (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ellərində (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
elinizdə (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ellərinizdə (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
elində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərində (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
elimdən (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərimdən (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
elindən (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
elindən (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ellərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
elinizdən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ellərinizdən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
elindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərindən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
elimin (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
ellərimin (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
elinin (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
ellərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
elinin (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
ellərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
elimizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
ellərimizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
elinizin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
ellərinizin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
elinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
ellərinin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(somewhat poetic) tract, region, district, province


upbind

en-verb

upbind (third-person singular simple present upbinds, present participle upbinding, simple past and past participle upbound)

upbinds (present singular third-person)
upbinding (participle present)
upbound (participle past)
upbound (past)

All these the daughters of old Nereus were, / Which have the sea in charge to them assign'd, / To rule his tides, and surges to uprear, / To bring forth storms, or fast them to upbind, / And sailors save from wrecks of wrathful wind.

1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, published 1758, Canto XLI, page 149

But when the night cast up her shade aloft, / And all earth's colors strange in sable dy'd, / He light, and as he could his wounds upbound, / And shook ripe dates down from a palm he found.

1600, Edward Fairfax, Torquato Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne, or Jerusalem Delivered, Book X Stanza V

1834, William Sotheby, translator, Homer, Iliad, Book 18, in The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, volume 2, Nicol, page 223,
The reapers toil'd, the sickles in their hand, / Heap after heap fell thick along the land; / Three labourers grasp them, and in sheaves upbind; / Boys, gathering up their handfuls, went behind, / Proffering their load:

(transitive, obsolete, poetic) To bind up.


azure

en-noun

azure (countable and uncountable, plural azures)

From Middle English asure, from Old French azur, derived from Arabic لَازَوَرْد (lāzaward, “lapis lazuli”), dropping the l as if it were equivalent to the French article l’. The Arabic is from Classical Persian لاجورد (lājward, “lapis lazuli”), from the region of Lajward in Badakhshan.
Compare with Italian azzurro and Spanish azul.

der

(poetic) The unclouded sky; the blue vault above.


ruby

en-verb

ruby (third-person singular simple present rubies, present participle rubying, simple past and past participle rubied)

rubies (present singular third-person)
rubying (participle present)
rubied (participle past)
rubied (past)

From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus.

(transitive, poetic) To make red; to redden.


beit

beits (genitive)
beit (indefinite nominative singular)
beitit (definite nominative singular)
beit (indefinite nominative plural)
beitin (definite nominative plural)
beit (accusative indefinite singular)
beitit (accusative definite singular)
beit (accusative indefinite plural)
beitin (accusative definite plural)
beiti (dative indefinite singular)
beitinu (dative definite singular)
beitum (dative indefinite plural)
beitunum (dative definite plural)
beits (genitive indefinite singular)
beiz (genitive indefinite singular)
beitsins (definite genitive singular)
beizins (definite genitive singular)
beita (genitive indefinite plural)
beitanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

beit

Icelandic: beit n

From Proto-Germanic *baitą, *baitaz, also from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to break, split”). Cognate with Old English bāt, which was borrowed into Old Norse again as the more used bátr.


car

ca-adj

car (feminine cara, masculine plural cars, feminine plural cares)

cara (feminine)
cars (masculine plural)
cares (feminine plural)


brother

en-noun

brother (plural brothers or (archaic in most senses) brethren)

brothers (plural)
brethren (archaic plural)

Bahamian Creole: bredda

Belizean Creole: breda

Bislama: brata

Cameroon Pidgin: bro̱da

Gullah: broda

desctree

Hawaiian Creole: braddah
→ English: braddah

Islander Creole English: broda

Kabuverdianu: bróda

Krio: brohda

Nicaraguan Creole: brada

Nigerian Pidgin: broda

Pichinglis: brɔda

Pijin: brata

Saramaccan: baáa

Sranan Tongo: brada
→ Dutch: brada

Tok Pisin: brata, barata

→ Japanese: ブラザー

→ Korean: 브라더 (beuradeo)

→ Portuguese: brada (Mozambique), bróder (Brazil)

PIE word
 *bʰréh₂tēr
Inherited from Middle English brother, from Old English brōþor, from Proto-West Germanic *brōþer, from Proto-Germanic *brōþēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of bhai, frater, friar, and pal.

弟弟

dai⁶⁻⁴ dai⁶⁻²

ağa

elder brother; in the northern dialect: aqa

ах дүү

brothers in general but including both elder and younger brothers

The eighteenth century text, with its antislavery message and its Adamic figuration, calls implicily for the reconciliation of all peoples as "brothers" (not the reprehensible brothers of Joseph but the cocreated brothers of Adam).

1995, Theophus H. Smith, Conjuring Culture, page 89

Oh, my Brothers, five nights ago many of our braves were out upon the buffalo grounds.

1908 June, Grace Kellogg, “A Keeper of the Door”, in National Magazine, volume 28, page 280

In the case of the boy, a certain amount of instruction comes from the male members of the mother's clan, such as how to go after game, how to handle horses, how to dress, how to conduct yourself and what to seek in life. They also teach the boy how to treat domestic animals. Even pets understand kindness, and the clan brothers use that as an example.

2010, Justin B. Richland, Sarah Deer, Introduction to Tribal Legal Studies, page 193

The carriage that the brothers of the Kai clan rode on had travelled a lot these past few days, and the horses that pulled the carriage were exhausted.

2020, Xiao Xiao Ma Jia Hao, Three Kingdoms: Super Hegemon

(poetic) Someone who is a kinsman or shares the same patriarch.


amber

en-verb

amber (third-person singular simple present ambers, present participle ambering, simple past and past participle ambered)

ambers (present singular third-person)
ambering (participle present)
ambered (participle past)
ambered (past)

From Middle English ambre, aumbre, from Old French aumbre, ambre, from Arabic عَنْبَر (ʕanbar, “ambergris”), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭𐭡𐭫 (ʾnbl /ambar/, “ambergris”). Compare English lamber, ambergris. Displaced Middle English smulting (from Old English smelting (“amber”)), Old English eolhsand (“amber”), Old English glær (“amber”), and Old English sāp (“amber, resin, pomade”).
* The nucleotide sequence "UAG" is named "amber" for the first person to isolate the amber mutation, California Institute of Technology graduate student Harris Bernstein, whose last name ("Bernstein") is the German word for the resin "amber".

noncog

For purple mountains majesty; for amber waves of grain.

Home to the mosaic of coloured-lit windows in the black and white houses, the fake gas lamps ambering the cobbles, sometimes the scent of applewood smoke.

2007, Phil Rickman, Fabric of Sin: A Merrily Watkins Mystery

The firelight flickered on her rounded cheeks, ambering the pale skin.

2008, Jeri Westerson, Veil of Lies: A Medieval Noir

(transitive, rare, chiefly poetic or literary) To cause to take on the yellow colour of amber.

Westward along Lancaster Avenue, among the stone walls and broad driveways of imposing old houses—their lawns dappled with the shade of ambering maples and dusty, bark-peeled sycamores

2009, Jack Wennerstrom, Black Coffee, page 19

[T]hough many of the pirates protested against these energetic activities[,] he was only pleasantly tired when the lowering, ambering sun began to bounce needles of gold glare off the waves ahead;

(intransitive, rare, chiefly poetic or literary) To take on the yellow colour of amber.


emerald

en-verb

emerald (third-person singular simple present emeralds, present participle emeralding, simple past and past participle emeralded)

emeralds (present singular third-person)
emeralding (participle present)
emeralded (participle past)
emeralded (past)

From Middle English emeraude, borrowed from Old French esmeraude, from Vulgar Latin *smaralda, *smaraldus, *smaraudus, variant of Latin smaragdus, from Ancient Greek σμάραγδος (smáragdos), μάραγδος (máragdos), from a Semitic language. Compare Hebrew בָּרֶקֶת (bareket, “emerald, flashing gem”), Akkadian 𒁀𒊏𒄣 (baraqu, literally “scintillation”), Arabic بَرْق (barq, literally “flashing”), Egyptian bwyrqꜣ (literally “to sparkle”):D58-Z7-Z4:D21-N29-Z1-G1-D6 and loanwords with Semitic etymon such as Sanskrit मरकत (marakata) and Persian زمرد (zomorrod) (whence Turkish zümrüt and Russian изумру́д (izumrúd)).

cog

(transitive, poetic) To ornament with, or as if with, emeralds; to make green.


loco

it-noun

loco m (plural lochi or (obsolete, regional) locora f)

lochi (plural)
locora (feminine obsolete plural regional)

From Latin locus, from Old Latin stlocus, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place, locate”).

der

le memorie se facevano con scoiture in sassi e pataffii, li quali se ponevano nelle locora famose dove demoravano moititudine de iente (Rome)

1350s, anonymous author, “Prologo e primo capitolo [Preface and first chapter]”, in Cronica [Chronicle] (overall work in Old Italian); republished as Giuseppe Porta, editor, Anonimo romano - Cronica, Adelphi, 1979

accounts were made through incisions on rocks and gravestones, which were placed in famed places, where moltitudes of people lived

(archaic, now poetic) Alternative form of luogo (“place, location”)


lampa

→ Egyptian Arabic: لمبة (lamba)

→ Greek: λάμπα (lámpa)

Borrowed from Old French lampe, from Latin lampada, alternative form of lampas (“lamp, lantern”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “lamp or flambeau”), derived from λάμπω (lámpō, “I shine”). Doublet of lampada.


rose

en-verb

rose (third-person singular simple present roses, present participle rosing, simple past and past participle rosed)

roses (present singular third-person)
rosing (participle present)
rosed (participle past)
rosed (past)

From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /gul/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan).

(poetic, transitive) To make rose-colored; to redden or flush.

(poetic, transitive) To perfume, as with roses.


ver

head

ver m (genitive singular vers, nominative plural verar)

vers (genitive singular)
verar (nominative plural)
ver (indefinite nominative singular)
verinn (definite nominative singular)
verar (indefinite nominative plural)
verarnir (definite nominative plural)
ver (accusative indefinite singular)
verinn (accusative definite singular)
vera (accusative indefinite plural)
verana (accusative definite plural)
veri (dative indefinite singular)
ver (dative indefinite singular)
vernum (dative definite singular)
verum (dative indefinite plural)
verunum (dative definite plural)
vers (genitive indefinite singular)
versins (definite genitive singular)
vera (genitive indefinite plural)
veranna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse verr, from Proto-Germanic *weraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with English were-.


ver

ver n (genitive singular vers, no plural)

From Old Norse ver, of the same meaning. Origin uncertain, but probably related to vari (“liquid”) and to Old English wær (“sea”).


ver

vers (genitive)
ver (indefinite nominative singular)
verit (definite nominative singular)
ver (indefinite nominative plural)
verin (definite nominative plural)
ver (accusative indefinite singular)
verit (accusative definite singular)
ver (accusative indefinite plural)
verin (accusative definite plural)
veri (dative indefinite singular)
verinu (dative definite singular)
verjum (dative indefinite plural)
verjunum (dative definite plural)
vers (genitive indefinite singular)
versins (definite genitive singular)
verja (genitive indefinite plural)
verjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

ver

Icelandic: ver

Norwegian Nynorsk: vær

Norwegian Bokmål: vær


pen

From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit पत्रम् (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fjǫðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ → /f/ Germanic sound change.
Doublet of panne, penna, and pinna. See feather and πέτομαι (pétomai) for more.

cog

you don't dip your pen in the company inkwell

you don't dip your pen in the company's ink

(now rare, poetic, dialectal) A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc.


arm

armu (genitive)
armu (partitive)
arm (nominative singular)
armud (nominative plural)
arm (accusative nominative singular)
armud (accusative nominative plural)
armu (accusative genitive singular)
armud (accusative genitive plural)
armu (genitive singular)
armude (genitive plural)
armu (partitive singular)
arme (partitive plural)
armusid (partitive plural)
armu (illative singular)
armusse (illative singular)
armudesse (illative plural)
armesse (illative plural)
armus (inessive singular)
armudes (inessive plural)
armes (inessive plural)
armust (elative singular)
armudest (elative plural)
armest (elative plural)
armule (allative singular)
armudele (allative plural)
armele (allative plural)
armul (adessive singular)
armudel (adessive plural)
armel (adessive plural)
armult (ablative singular)
armudelt (ablative plural)
armelt (ablative plural)
armuks (singular translative)
armudeks (plural translative)
armeks (plural translative)
armuni (singular terminative)
armudeni (plural terminative)
armuna (essive singular)
armudena (essive plural)
armuta (abessive singular)
armudeta (abessive plural)
armuga (comitative singular)
armudega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *armo. Most likely derived from armas. Cognate to Votic armo (“grace, mercy”).


man

head

man n (genitive singular mans, nominative plural mön)

mans (genitive singular)
mön (nominative plural)
man (indefinite nominative singular)
manið (definite nominative singular)
mön (indefinite nominative plural)
mönin (definite nominative plural)
man (accusative indefinite singular)
manið (accusative definite singular)
mön (accusative indefinite plural)
mönin (accusative definite plural)
mani (dative indefinite singular)
maninu (dative definite singular)
mönum (dative indefinite plural)
mönunum (dative definite plural)
mans (genitive indefinite singular)
mansins (definite genitive singular)
mana (genitive indefinite plural)
mananna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse man, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *gamaną (with unstressed prefix *ga-).


that

From Middle English that, from Old English þæt (“the, that”, neuter definite article and relative pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *þat, from Proto-Germanic *þat. Cognate to Saterland Frisian dät, West Frisian dat, Dutch dat, Low German dat, German dass and das, Danish det, Swedish det, Icelandic það, Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 (þata). Further from Proto-Indo-European *tód; compare Ancient Greek τό (tó), Sanskrit तद् (tád), Waigali ta.

inh

أَنَّ (ʔanna) (+ subject in the accusative case)

(rendered by means of accusative plus infinitive)

“She must be wonderfully fascinating,” said Mrs Morel, with scathing satire. “She must be very wonderful, that you should trail eight miles, backward and forward, after eight o’clock at night.”

c. 1911, D.H. Lawrence, third draft of what became Sons and Lovers, in Helen Baron (editor), Paul Morel, Cambridge University Press (2003), page 234

(archaic or poetic) Introducing a premise or supposition for consideration: seeing as; inasmuch as; given that; as would appear from the fact that.

Oh that spring would come!

'Would that my rage and wrath would somehow stir me, / Here as I am, to cut off thy raw flesh / And eat it, […]

1864, T. S. Norgate's translation of the Iliad, book 10, page 613

(archaic or poetic) Introducing an exclamation expressing a desire or wish.

That men should behave in such a way!

(archaic or poetic) Introducing an exclamation expressing a strong emotion such as sadness or surprise.


she

head

she (third-person singular, feminine, nominative case, oblique and possessive her, possessive hers, reflexive herself)

en-pron

and possessive her (oblique)
hers (possessive)
herself (reflexive)

From Middle English sche, scho, hyo, ȝho (“she”), whence also Yorkshire dialectal shoo (“she”), Scots she, sho (“she”).
Probably from Old English hēo (whence dialectal English hoo), with an irregular change in stress from hēo to heō /hjoː/, then a development from /hj-/ to /ç/ to /ʃ-/, similar to the derivation of Shetland from Old Norse Hjaltland. In this case, she is from Proto-West Germanic *hiju, from Proto-Germanic *hijō f (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this, here”), and is cognate with Saterland Frisian jo, ju, West Frisian hja, North Frisian jü, Danish hun, Swedish hon; more at he.
A derivation from Old English sēo (“the or that", occasionally "she”) is also possible, though less likely. In that case, sēo would have undergone a change in stress from sēo to seō /sjoː/, then a change from /sj-/ to /ʃ-/, similar to the derivation of sure from Old French seur. It would then be cognate to Dutch zij and German sie.
Neither etymology would be expected to yield the modern vocalism in /iː/ (the expected form would be shoo, which is in fact found dialectally). It may be due to influence from he, but both hēo and sēo also have rare variants (hīe and sīe) that may give modern English /iː/.

cog

not used in Dyirbal (Dyirbal has no third-person pronoun)

es (in reference to some neuter common nouns like Mädchen)

(subject pronouns usually omitted, or a demonstrative is used: medial, proximal, and distal:) αὕτη f (haútē)

(usually indicated by the zero suffix only) -∅

She only gets thirty miles to the gallon on the highway, but she’s durable.

Prodigal in everything, summer spreads her blessings with lavish unconcern, and waving her magic wand across the landscape of the world, she bids the sons of men to enter in and possess. Summer is the great consummation.

1928, The Journal of the American Dental Association, page 765

She is my 57 Chevy / My 57 Chevy runs so fine / No one can beat my 57 Chevy

1977, “57 Chevy”, in Kansas City Slickers, performed by The Leopards

(personal, endearing or poetic, old-fashioned) Any machine or thing, such as a car, a computer, or (poetically) a season.


miesiąc

pl-noun

miesiąc m inan (diminutive miesiączek, abbreviation mies. or m-c)

miesiączek (diminutive)
mies. (abbreviation)
m-c (abbreviation)
miesiąc (nominative singular)
miesiące (nominative plural)
miesiąca (genitive singular)
miesięcy (genitive plural)
miesiącowi (dative singular)
miesiącom (dative plural)
miesiąc (accusative singular)
miesiące (accusative plural)
miesiącem (instrumental singular)
miesiącami (instrumental plural)
miesiącu (locative singular)
miesiącach (locative plural)
miesiącu (singular vocative)
miesiące (plural vocative)

(poetic) moon (the Earth's largest natural satellite)


all

From Middle English all, from Old English eall, from Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz, of uncertain origin but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with West Frisian al (“all”), Dutch al (“all”), Scots a' (“all”), German all (“all”), Swedish all (“all”), Norwegian all (“all”), Icelandic allur (“all”), Welsh holl (“all”), Irish uile (“all”), Lithuanian aliái (“all, each, every”).
The dialectal sense “all gone” is a calque of German alle. The use in who all, where all etc. also has equivalents in German (see alles).

der

All as his straying flock he fed.

1579, Edmund Spenser, The Shepheardes Calender, London: Hugh Singleton, →OCLC

A damsel lay deploring / All on a rock reclined.

1715, John Gay, What D’ye Call It?, London: Bernard Lintott, →OCLC


face

Learned borrowing from Latin facem (“torch, firebrand”).

lbor

Allor tra fiori e linfe / traen dolci carole / gli Amoretti senz'archi e senza faci […]

1573, Torquato Tasso, Aminta, act I, lines 682–4

So among flowers and springs cupids partake in gentle dances without arches nor torches.

[…] vide […] ¶ Aiace […] ¶ Fra le dardanie faci arso e splendente ¶ Scagliar rotta la spada, e trarsi l'elmo, ¶ E fulminare immobile col guardo ¶ Ettore che perplesso ivi si tenne

1827, Ugo Foscolo, Le grazie, Felice Le Monnier, published 1848, page 42

She saw Ajax, burning and shining among the Trojan torches, throw away the broken sword, and take off his helm, and, immobile, stare down Hector, who stood there perplexed.


face

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(archaic, poetic) Alternative form of fa, third-person singular present indicative of fare


train

→ Irish: traein

→ Maltese: trejn

→ Scottish Gaelic: trèan

→ Welsh: trên

[t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪn]

From Middle English trayne (“train”), from Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from traïner (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *traginō, from *tragō, from Latin trahō (“to pull, to draw”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tregʰ- (“to pull, draw, drag”). The verb was derived from the noun in Middle English.

der

it ain't the whistle that pulls the train

it is not the whistle that pulls the train

it isn't the whistle that pulls the train

it's not the whistle that pulls the train

(poetic) The elongated body or form of something narrow and winding, such as the course of a river or the body of a snake.

(figuratively, poetic) A group or class of people.

Connected sequence of people or things.
A group or class of people.


sentence

en-verb

sentence (third-person singular simple present sentences, present participle sentencing, simple past and past participle sentenced)

sentences (present singular third-person)
sentencing (participle present)
sentenced (participle past)
sentenced (past)

Borrowing from Middle French sentence, from Latin sententia (“way of thinking, opinion, sentiment”), from sentiēns, present participle of sentiō (“to feel, think”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).

der

We are empowered to deliver thee to prison; yea, the law commands us to sentence death upon the abettors of this mischief.[…]

1874, Ella Taylor Disosway, South Meadows: A Tale of Long Ago, page 235

So as far as the older generation of German Lutherans were concerned, the abolition of the mother language sentenced death upon the church as they knew it.

1977, Eugene B. Meier, How was the Acculturation of Children of Alt Lutheraner Descent in Wisconsin 1843 - 1915 Affected by the Relationship of Home and Market?: A Case Study, page 150

But little did I know, As I cleared away that snow, I'd sentenced death upon that rose, For late that night it simply froze. I'd taken its one chance away, As I stripped it of its quilt that day. I learned a lesson late that night, ...

1991, Joe Wayman, If You Promise Not to Tell, Pieces of Learning, page 36

[…] upholding Idaho statute mandating that court "shall" sentence death upon finding an aggravating circumstance "unless" it finds outweighing mitigating circumstances because satisfies individualized sentencing requirement […]

1996, United States. Court of Appeals (9th Circuit), Annual Report of the Ninth Circuit, page 137

(especially law or poetic) To decree, announce, or pass as a sentence.


brief

en-adv

brief (comparative more brief, superlative most brief)

more brief (comparative)
most brief (superlative)

From Middle English breef, breve, bref, from Old French brief, bref, from Latin brevis (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus (“short, brief”). Doublet of merry.


sweet

en-verb

sweet (third-person singular simple present sweets, present participle sweeting, simple past and past participle sweeted)

sweets (present singular third-person)
sweeting (participle present)
sweeted (participle past)
sweeted (past)

From Middle English swete, from Old English swēte (“sweet”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōtī, from Proto-Germanic *swōtuz (“sweet”), from Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (“sweet”).
Cognate and synonymous with Scots sweit (“sweet”), North Frisian sweete (“sweet”), Saterland Frisian swäit (“sweet”), West Frisian swiet (“sweet”), Dutch zoet (“sweet”), German Low German sööt (“sweet”), German süß (“sweet”), Danish sød (“sweet”), Swedish söt (“sweet”), Norwegian søt (“sweet”), Icelandic sætur (“sweet”), Latin suāvis, Sanskrit स्वादु (svādú), Ancient Greek ἡδύς (hēdús). Doublet of suave.

In size and shape it resembles the heart of a calf, and the interior substance is similar to thick cream, sweeted with fine sugar.

1825, John Breckinridge, C.R. Harrison, Western Luminary ... - Volume 1, page 318

It might also be given in the form of a mixture — the drug being insoluble in a watery menstruum — suspended by the aid of mucilage and sweeted by any of the various flavoring syrups.

1890, The Cincinnati Lancet-clinic - Volume 63, page 331

Bring me now where the warm wind blows, where the grasses sigh, where the sweet-tongued blossom flowers; where the shower, fan soft like a fishermans net thrown through the sweeted air.

1997, Morag Styles, From the Garden to the Street

A sour maketh sweets two-fold sweeted.

2012, Keith Ringkamp, PATIENCE WORTH: A Balm for Every Ill, page 34


sang

Hikayat Sang Kancil

(formal, poetic) the (used in proper names)


hold

de-adj

hold (strong nominative masculine singular holder, comparative holder, superlative am holdesten)

holder (masculine nominative singular strong)
holder (comparative)
am holdesten (superlative)
hold (masculine predicative singular)
hold (feminine predicative singular)
hold (neuter predicative singular)
hold (plural predicative)
holder (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
holde (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
holdes (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
holde (nominative plural strong without-article)
holden (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
holder (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
holden (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
holder (genitive plural strong without-article)
holdem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
holder (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
holdem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
holden (dative plural strong without-article)
holden (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
holde (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
holdes (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
holde (accusative plural strong without-article)
der holde (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die holde (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das holde (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die holden (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des holden (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der holden (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des holden (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der holden (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem holden (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der holden (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem holden (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den holden (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den holden (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die holde (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das holde (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die holden (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein holder (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine holde (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein holdes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
holden (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine holden (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines holden (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer holden (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines holden (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holden (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner holden (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem holden (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer holden (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem holden (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holden (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen holden (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen holden (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine holde (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein holdes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holden (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine holden (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
holder (comparative masculine predicative singular)
holder (comparative feminine predicative singular)
holder (comparative neuter predicative singular)
holder (comparative plural predicative)
holderer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
holdere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
holderes (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
holdere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
holderen (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
holderer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
holderen (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
holderer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
holderem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
holderer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
holderem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
holderen (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
holderen (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
holdere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
holderes (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
holdere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der holdere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die holdere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das holdere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die holderen (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des holderen (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der holderen (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des holderen (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der holderen (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem holderen (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der holderen (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem holderen (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den holderen (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den holderen (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die holdere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das holdere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die holderen (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein holderer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine holdere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein holderes (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
holderen (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine holderen (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines holderen (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer holderen (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines holderen (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holderen (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner holderen (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem holderen (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer holderen (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem holderen (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holderen (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen holderen (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen holderen (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine holdere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein holderes (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
holderen (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine holderen (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am holdesten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am holdesten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am holdesten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am holdesten (plural predicative superlative)
holdester (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
holdeste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
holdestes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
holdeste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
holdesten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
holdester (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
holdesten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
holdester (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
holdestem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
holdester (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
holdestem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
holdesten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
holdesten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
holdeste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
holdestes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
holdeste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der holdeste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die holdeste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das holdeste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die holdesten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des holdesten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der holdesten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des holdesten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der holdesten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem holdesten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der holdesten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem holdesten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den holdesten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den holdesten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die holdeste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das holdeste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die holdesten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein holdester (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine holdeste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein holdestes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
holdesten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine holdesten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines holdesten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer holdesten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines holdesten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
holdesten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner holdesten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem holdesten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer holdesten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem holdesten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
holdesten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen holdesten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen holdesten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine holdeste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein holdestes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
holdesten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine holdesten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

From Middle High German holt, from Old High German hold, from Proto-Germanic *hulþaz. Cognates include Gothic 𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍃 (hulþs, “clement”) and Old Norse hollr ( > Danish huld).

Ade, du holde Maid!

Um aber auf deinen holden Kadettengeneral zurückzukommen, so will ich dir, weil du mir dein Geheimnis anvertraut hast, auch etwas Geheimnisvolles verraten […]

1907, Carl Spitteler, chapter 7, in Die Mädchenfeinde

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(archaic, poetic or humorous) gracious, graceful, comely, dainty


wine

wine (nominative singular)
winas (nominative plural)
wine (accusative singular)
winas (accusative plural)
wines (genitive singular)
wina (genitive plural)
wine (dative singular)
winum (dative plural)

Middle English: wine

i

⇒ English: (a component found in names – Baldwin, Godwin, Irwin, etc.)

From earlier Old English wini, from Proto-West Germanic *wini, from Proto-Germanic *winiz, whence also Old Dutch wini, Old Saxon wini, Old High German wini, Old Norse vinr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to seek, desire, love, win”).


wake

From Middle English wake, from Old English wacu, from Proto-Germanic *wakō, related to the verb *wakjaną.

After a few weeks of age, longer periods of sleep and wake are seen […]

2013, William H. Moorcroft, Understanding Sleep and Dreaming, page 27

(often obsolete or poetic) The act of waking, or state of being awake.


syllable

en-verb

syllable (third-person singular simple present syllables, present participle syllabling, simple past and past participle syllabled)

syllables (present singular third-person)
syllabling (participle present)
syllabled (participle past)
syllabled (past)

From Middle English syllable, sillable, syllabylle, sylabul, from Anglo-Norman sillable, from Old French sillebe, from Latin syllaba, from Ancient Greek συλλαβή (sullabḗ), from συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō, “I gather together”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

(transitive, poetic) To utter in syllables.


bil

bil (nominative singular)
bil (nominative plural)
bil (accusative singular)
bil (accusative plural)
billes (genitive singular)
billa (genitive plural)
bille (dative singular)
billum (dative plural)

English: bill

From Proto-West Germanic *billi, from Proto-Germanic *bilją. Cognate with Old Saxon bil, Old High German bill (German Bille (“pickaxe”)).

Abrægd mid ðy bille. ― He brandished with his sword.

Iċ eom ānhaga īserne wund, bille ġebennod, beadoweorca sæd, eċġum wēriġ.

I am a lone one wounded with iron, wounded by sword, sated of battle-works, weary by edges.

(poetic) a kind of sword or other bladed weapon, apparently having two edges


rumor

ca-noun

rumor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural rumors)

Borrowed from Latin rūmōrem (a borrowing per DCVB). Doublet of remor. First attested in the 14th century.


xab

az-noun

xab (definite accusative xabı, plural xablar)

xabı (accusative definite)
xablar (plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian خاب (xâb).

bor+

“Su” deyibdir mənə əvvəldə anam, “ab” ki yoх,
“Yuхu” öyrətdi uşaqlıqda mənə, “хab” ki yoх.

1946, Məhəmmədtağı Zehtabi, Sən osan, mən də buyam

My mother told me “su” in times bygone, not “ab”,
She taught me “yuxu” as I was a child, not “xab”.


gull

gull (indefinite nominative singular)
gullet (definite nominative singular)
gull (indefinite nominative plural)
gullen (definite nominative plural)
gulls (genitive indefinite singular)
gullets (definite genitive singular)
gulls (genitive indefinite plural)
gullens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse gull, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.

Har du silver har du gull, / har du kistorna full?

Do you have silver and gold, / are your treasure chests full? (song lyrics)

Vill du vara dig själver huld, / du älska frihet mer än guld (translated to standard Swedish)

Wilt thw wara tik sielffuir hull, / tw älska friiheet meer än gull (Old Swedish, poem by bishop Tomas, 1439)

If you want to help yourself, you should love freedom more than gold


blade

en-verb

blade (third-person singular simple present blades, present participle blading, simple past and past participle bladed)

blades (present singular third-person)
blading (participle present)
bladed (participle past)
bladed (past)

From Middle English blade, blad, from Old English blæd (“leaf”), from Proto-West Germanic *blad, from Proto-Germanic *bladą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥h₃-o-to-m, from *bʰleh₃- (“to thrive, bloom”).
See also West Frisian bled, Dutch blad, German Blatt, Danish blad, Irish bláth (“flower”), Welsh blodyn (“flower”), Tocharian A pält, Tocharian B pilta (“leaf”), Albanian fletë (“leaf”). Similar usage in German Sägeblatt (“saw blade”, literally “saw leaf”). Doublet of blat. More at blow.

m+

As sweet a plant, as fair a flower, is faded / As ever in the Muses' garden bladed.

1633, Phineas Fletcher, “Elisa”, in Piscatorie Eclogues and other Poetical Miscellanies

(intransitive, poetic) To put forth or have a blade.


ether

cy-noun

ether f (usually uncountable, plural ethra or ethera)

ethra (plural)
ethera (plural)
ether (mutation mutation-radical)
hether (mutation prothesis-h)

(uncountable, literary, poetic) ether (a mystical substance formerly thought to fill the upper atmosphere, firmament, the sky, the heavens)


fly

en-verb

fly (third-person singular simple present flies, present participle flying, simple past flew, past participle flown)

flies (present singular third-person)
flying (participle present)
flew (past)
flown (participle past)
fly (infinitive)

From Middle English flien, from Old English flēogan, from Proto-Germanic *fleuganą (compare Saterland Frisian fljooge, Dutch vliegen, Low German flegen, German fliegen, Danish flyve, Norwegian Nynorsk flyga), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (*plew-k-, “to fly”) (compare Lithuanian plaũkti ‘to swim’), enlargement of *plew- (“flow”). More at flee and flow.

der

could eat the arse out of a low flying duck

could eat the crotch out of a low flying duck

could eat the crutch from a low flying duck

don't drive faster than your guardian angel can fly

take a flying fuck at a rolling doughnut

Fly, my lord! The enemy are upon us!

And boyhood is a summer sun
Whose waning is the dreariest one —
For all we live to know is known
And all we seek to keep hath flown — […]

1829, Edgar Allan Poe, “Tamerlane”, in Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems

He staggered and fell, grasped vainly at the stone, and slid into the abyss. “Fly, you fools!” he cried, and was gone.

1954, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Fellowship of the Ring

(transitive, intransitive, archaic, poetic) To flee, to escape (from).


gyre

Borrowed from Latin gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle; ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend; to curve”). The English word is a doublet of gyro and gyrus.

(chiefly literary, poetic)
A swirling vortex.

A circular or spiral motion; also, a circle described by a moving body; a revolution, a turn.


gyre

en-verb

gyre (third-person singular simple present gyres, present participle gyring, simple past and past participle gyred)

gyres (present singular third-person)
gyring (participle present)
gyred (participle past)
gyred (past)

From Late Middle English giren (“to turn (something) away; to cause (something) to revolve or rotate; to travel in a circle”), from Old French girer (“to turn”), and directly from its etymon Latin gȳrāre, the present active infinitive of gȳrō (“to turn in a circle, rotate; to circle or revolve around”), from gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).

inh

(intransitive) To spin around; to gyrate, to whirl.

(transitive, rare) To make (something) spin or whirl around; to spin, to whirl.


sal

la-noun

sāl m or n (genitive salis); third declension

sāl (canonical masculine neuter)
salis (genitive)
sāl (nominative singular)
salēs (nominative plural)
salis (genitive singular)
salum (genitive plural)
salī (dative singular)
salibus (dative plural)
salem (accusative singular)
sāl (accusative singular)
salēs (accusative plural)
sale (ablative singular)
salibus (ablative plural)
sāl (singular vocative)
salēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: sari, sare

Asturian: sal

Catalan: sal

Corsican: sale

Franco-Provençal: sâl

Friulian: sâl

Istriot: sal

Italian: sale m

Lombard: saa

Megleno-Romanian: sari

Mirandese: sal

Occitan: sal, sau

Gallo-Italic of Sicily: sau f

desctree

Old French: sel m
Middle French: sel
French: sel
Norman: sé, saïl
Walloon: sé

Old Galician-Portuguese: sal m
Galician: sal m
Portuguese: sal m (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: sal f
Spanish: sal f (see there for further descendants)

Piedmontese: sal

Romagnol: sêl

Romanian: sare f

Romansch: sal, sel

Sardinian: sale

Sicilian: sali

Venetian: sal, sałe

From Proto-Italic *sāls, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.
Cognates include Sanskrit सर (sará), Old Armenian աղ (ał), Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls), Tocharian A sāle, Old English sealt (English salt), Proto-Slavic *solь and borrowed into Etruscan 𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄 (alśase).

sāl petrae

stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation

vēla dabant laetī, et spūmās salis aere ruēbant

[The Trojans] were gladly spreading their sails, and churning the foam of the salt water with their bronze [prows].


pull

en-noun

pull (countable and uncountable, plural pulls)

button

antonym(s) of “device meant to be pulled”

pool (accents with foot–goose merger or full–fool merger)

Verb from Middle English pullen, from Old English pullian (“to pull, draw, tug, pluck off”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to West Frisian pûlje (“to shell, husk”), Middle Dutch pullen (“to drink”), Middle Dutch polen (“to peel, strip”), Low German pulen (“to pick, pluck, pull, tear, strip off husks”), Icelandic púla (“to work hard, beat”).
Noun from Middle English pul, pull, pulle, from the verb pullen (“to pull”).

cog

have the world by the tail on a downhill pull

(obsolete, poetic) Loss, misfortune, or violence suffered.


bo

bo (indefinite nominative singular)
boet (definite nominative singular)
bon (indefinite nominative plural)
bona (definite nominative plural)
bos (genitive indefinite singular)
boets (definite genitive singular)
bons (genitive indefinite plural)
bonas (definite genitive plural)
bo (indefinite nominative singular)
bon (definite nominative singular)
bor (indefinite nominative plural)
borna (definite nominative plural)
bos (genitive indefinite singular)
bons (definite genitive singular)
bors (genitive indefinite plural)
bornas (definite genitive plural)

sätta bo

Litet bo jag sätta vill / Gård med trädgårdstäppa till,[…]

[a] little home I want to set out / [a] farm with [a] garden plot to it […]


metal

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese metal, from Old Spanish metal, from Old Catalan metall, matall, from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).


dust

en-noun

dust (countable and uncountable, plural dusts)

→ Russian: дуст (dust)

From Middle English dust, doust, from Old English dūst (“dust, dried earth reduced to powder; other dry material reduced to powder”), from the fusion of Proto-Germanic *dustą (“dust”) and *dunstą (“mist, dust, evaporation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”).
Cognate with Scots dust, dist (“dust”), Dutch duist (“pollen, dust”) and dons (“down, fuzz”), German Dust (“dust”) and Dunst (“haze”), Swedish dust (“dust”), Icelandic dust (“dust”), Latin fūmus (“smoke, steam”). Also related to Swedish dun (“down, fluff”), Icelandic dúnn (“down, fluff”). See down.


orient

/ˈɔː.ɹɪ.ənt/

The noun is derived from Middle English orient, oriente, oryent, oryente, oryentte (“the east direction; eastern horizon or sky; eastern regions of the world, Asia, Orient; eastern edge of the world”), borrowed from Anglo-Norman orient, oriente, and Old French orient (“east direction; Asia, Orient”) (modern French orient), or directly from its etymon Latin oriēns (“the east; daybreak, dawn; sunrise; (participle) rising; appearing; originating”), present active participle of orior (“to get up, rise; to appear, become visible; to be born, come to exist, originate”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir; to rise, spring”).
The adjective is derived from Middle English orient (“eastern; from Asia or the Orient; brilliant, shining (characteristic of jewels from the Orient)”), from Middle English orient (noun); see above.

inh

(dated, poetic, also figuratively) Rising, like the morning sun.

(dated, poetic) Of the colour of the sky at daybreak; bright in colour, from red to yellow.


still

From Middle English stille (“motionless, stationary”), from Old English stille (“still, quiet”), from Proto-West Germanic *stillī, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)telH- (“to be silent; to be still”). Cognate with Scots stil (“still”), Saterland Frisian stil (“motionless, calm, quiet”), West Frisian stil (“quiet, still”), Dutch stil (“quiet, silent, still”), Low German still (“quiet, still”), German still (“still, quiet, tranquil, silent”), Swedish stilla (“quiet, silent, peaceful”), Icelandic stilltur (“set, quiet, calm, still”). Related to stall.
(noun: Falkland Islander): Military slang, short for still a Benny, since the military had been instructed not to refer to the islanders by the derogatory term Benny (which see).

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

(archaic, poetic) Always; invariably; constantly; continuously.


stroke

en-verb

stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)

strokes (present singular third-person)
stroking (participle present)
stroked (participle past)
stroked (past)

The noun is derived from Middle English strok, stroke (“blow from a weapon, cut”), from Old English strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“to rub, stroke; to shear; to strike”).
Sense 3.6.2.2 (“the oblique, slash, or virgule (‘/’)”) is a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique which was originally used in telegraphy.
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* German Streich (“stroke”)
* Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”)
* Scots strak, strake, straik (“blow, stroke”)

cog

(poetic, rare) Of a bell or clock: to chime or sound to indicate (the hour, the time, etc.).


list

en-verb

list (third-person singular simple present lists, present participle listing, simple past and past participle list)

lists (present singular third-person)
listing (participle present)
list (participle past)
list (past)

From Middle English listen, from Old English hlystan (“to listen”), from hlyst (“hearing”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlusti, from Proto-Germanic *hlustiz (“hearing”).

We list to the trumpings that herald the storm, / To the roll of the drum, and the order to form!

1860–1861, “What of the Night?”, in Frank Moore, editor, The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events, with Documents, Narratives, Illustrative Incidents, Poetry, etc., volume II, New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam, […], published 1862, →OCLC, page 96, column 1

Be of good cheer, and list to what I speak.

1865, Sophocles, “Philoctetes”, in E[dward] H[ayes] Plumptre, transl., The Tragedies of Sophocles: A New Translation, with a Biographical Essay, volume II, London, New York, N.Y.: Alexander Strahan, publisher, →OCLC, page 247, line 1267


upfill

upfill (third-person singular simple present upfills, present participle upfilling, simple past and past participle upfilled)

upfills (present singular third-person)
upfilling (participle present)
upfilled (participle past)
upfilled (past)

From Middle English upfillen, equivalent to up- + fill.

(transitive, now chiefly poetic) To fill up.


upgive

upgive (third-person singular simple present upgives, present participle upgiving, simple past upgave, past participle upgiven)

upgives (present singular third-person)
upgiving (participle present)
upgave (past)
upgiven (participle past)

From up- + give. Cognate with German aufgeben (“to abandon, give up, quit”).

cog

[…] we hereby resign, surrender, upgive, overgive and deliver, ALL and WHOLE — (here the lands were described) — together with all right, title and interest whatever […]

1811, Robert Bell, A System of the Forms of Deeds Used in Scotland, page 116

Then, too, are Jersey's sons all resolute, / Repairing to the camp in numbers great, / Their sufferings to avenge upon the foe, / Which all must cease should Jersey be upgiven.

1849, Robert Wharton Landis, Liberty's Triumph: A Poem, page 255

There fell a sudden rain then, from the gods: / Which glisters, in the sun, like golden hairs; / And earth upgave sweet savour of her sod, / Mingled with iron stink of sweat and blood.

1906, Charles Montagu Doughty, The Dawn in Britain, page 4

(transitive, poetic, obsolete except in Scots law) To give up or yield up.


mask

Borrowed from Middle French masque (“a covering to hide or protect the face”), from Italian maschera (“mask, disguise”), from (a byform of, see it for more) Medieval Latin masca, mascha, a borrowing of Proto-West Germanic *maskā from which English mesh is regularly inherited.
Replaced Old English grīma (“mask”), whence grime, and displaced non-native Middle English viser (“visor, mask”) borrowed from Old French viser, visier.
Compare also Hebrew מַסֵּכָה (masseiḥa).

maski

two-color bitmap used to create transparency in an image


Apfel

de-noun

Apfel m (strong, genitive Apfels, plural Äpfel, diminutive Äpfelchen n or Äpfelein n or Äpflein n)

Apfels (genitive)
Äpfel (plural)
Äpfelchen (diminutive neuter)
Äpfelein (diminutive neuter)
Äpflein (diminutive neuter)
Apfel (nominative singular)
Äpfel (definite nominative plural)
Apfels (genitive singular)
Äpfel (definite genitive plural)
Apfel (dative singular)
Äpfeln (dative definite plural)
Apfel (accusative singular)
Äpfel (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German apfel, from Old High German apful, from Proto-West Germanic *applu, from Proto-Germanic *apluz (compare Dutch appel, West Frisian apel, English apple), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.

Appel

colloquial; northern and central Germany

(poetic, euphemistic, plural only) breasts


daystar

From Middle English daysterre, from Old English dæġsteorra, equivalent to day + star. Cognate with Scots daystern (“morningstar; daystar”).

I only go outdoors at night, away from the daystar's burning glare.


fighter

From Middle English fightere, fyghtor, feghtere, feghtare, fiȝtare, fiȝtere, from Old English feohtere. Equivalent to fight + -er.

Little weapons / Over the phone / They like to threaten / The life that I know / They say "Get over here and get into the ring" / But I'm not really much of a fighter

2011, Lenka, Ben H. Allen (lyrics and music), “Roll with the Punches”, in Two, performed by Lenka

(eulogistic) A person with a strong determination to resist protracted or severe adversity, especially illness.


星

/posi/ → /ɸoɕi/ → /hoɕi/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pəsi.

See also: 星人 (seijin)

この星を守ると決めた


瞳

Likely 人(ひと) (hito, “person”) + 見(み) (mi, “see”), in reference to one's own reflection when staring into someone else's eyes. Compare Latin pūpilla, of the same derivation.

ja-compound

瞳に映る景色

瞳を閉じる


Syncopic form of nihil, in turn from nihilum, from ne- (“not”) + hilum (“a hilum; a trifle, a bagatelle”), or unknown origin

Bene scripsisti de me, Thoma. Quam ergo mercedem accipies? Nil nisi te.

You have written well of me, Thomas. What reward therefore will you receive? Nothing other than you.


eve

From a variant of the Middle English noun even (itself from Old English ǣfen), with a pre-1200 loss of the terminal '-n', which was mistaken for an inflection. See also the now archaic or poetic even (“evening”), from the same source.
In medieval Europe, days were considered to extend from sunset to sunset rather than midnight to midnight, so the night before a holiday was considered part of it, hence its "eve".

I love to see the shaking twig / Dance till the shut of eve

And has she tired of weeping / As she lies down at eve.

1896, A[lfred] E[dward] Housman, chapter XXVII, in A Shropshire Lad, lines 42–43

Sitting on the dockside at Oban, watching the to-ing and fro-ing in the harbour on a perfect summer's eve, I reflect on a trip which has taken me through our busiest cities to traverse the country's main lines, as well as explore some of the furthest extremities that were literally out on a limb.

2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 79


ha

(poetic) expressing astonishment, fright, or shock


due

dua (definite singular)
duen (definite singular)
duer (indefinite plural)
duene (definite plural)

From Old Norse dúfa (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“hazy, unclear, dark; deep”). Cognate with Danish due, Swedish duva, Icelandic dúfa, Dutch duif, German Taube, English dove. The sense “politician favouring conciliation” is a semantic loan from English dove.

inh

lukk opp for mig, min søster, min elskede, min due, min fullkomne

(Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Song of Songs 5,2

open up to me, my sister, my beloved, my dove, my perfect

(zoology) a dove or pigeon; culver (one of several birds of the family Columbidae, which consists of more than 300 species)

(poetic) a dove (term of endearment for a woman one holds dearly)


蛙

蛙 (canonical)
kawazu (romanization)
kafadu (romanization)
かはづ (hiragana historical)

⟨kapadu⟩ → */kapadu/ → /kafad͡zu/ → /kawad͡zu/ → /kawazu/
The more formal or poetic counterpart to kaeru (see above). Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.
The ultimate derivation is unclear, but the initial kawa portion (ancient kapa) is very likely 川, 河 (kawa, ancient kapa, “river”).
The phonetic development of the term had already progressed to kawadzu by 1603, as seen in the Nippo Jisho entry, spelled cauazzu.

a frog in a well does not know the great ocean

井の中の蛙大海を知らず: → metaphor of a narrow world view based on limited experience

furuike ya kawazu tobikomu mizu no oto

1686, 松尾芭蕉 Matsuo Bashō 古池や蛙飛びこむ水の音 ふるいけやかはづとびこむみづのおと (modern kana: ふるいけやかわずとびこむみずのおと)

old pond -- a frog jumps in -- the sound of water


uno

pt-adj

uno (feminine una, masculine plural unos, feminine plural unas)

una (feminine)
unos (masculine plural)
unas (feminine plural)

(poetic, literary) only; singular (alone in a category)

(poetic) indivisible (unable to be divided)


Hellas

la-proper noun

Hellas f sg (genitive Helladis); third declension

Helladis (genitive)
Hellas (nominative singular)
Helladis (genitive singular)
Helladī (dative singular)
Helladem (accusative singular)
Hellade (ablative singular)
Hellas (singular vocative)

→ French: Hellade

→ Portuguese: Hélade

→ Spanish: Hélade

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἑλλάς (Hellás).


dino

pt-adj

dino (feminine dina, masculine plural dinos, feminine plural dinas)

dina (feminine)
dinos (masculine plural)
dinas (feminine plural)

(obsolete or poetic) Alternative form of digno


kilo

kilo (nominative singular)
kilot (nominative plural)
kilo (accusative nominative singular)
kilot (accusative nominative plural)
kilon (accusative genitive singular)
kilot (accusative genitive plural)
kilon (genitive singular)
kilojen (genitive plural)
kiloa (partitive singular)
kiloja (partitive plural)
kilossa (inessive singular)
kiloissa (inessive plural)
kilosta (elative singular)
kiloista (elative plural)
kiloon (illative singular)
kiloihin (illative plural)
kilolla (adessive singular)
kiloilla (adessive plural)
kilolta (ablative singular)
kiloilta (ablative plural)
kilolle (allative singular)
kiloille (allative plural)
kilona (essive singular)
kiloina (essive plural)
kiloksi (singular translative)
kiloiksi (plural translative)
kilotta (abessive singular)
kiloitta (abessive plural)
kiloin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kiloni (nominative singular)
kiloni (nominative plural)
kiloni (accusative nominative singular)
kiloni (accusative nominative plural)
kiloni (accusative genitive singular)
kiloni (accusative genitive plural)
kiloni (genitive singular)
kilojeni (genitive plural)
kiloani (partitive singular)
kilojani (partitive plural)
kilossani (inessive singular)
kiloissani (inessive plural)
kilostani (elative singular)
kiloistani (elative plural)
kilooni (illative singular)
kiloihini (illative plural)
kilollani (adessive singular)
kiloillani (adessive plural)
kiloltani (ablative singular)
kiloiltani (ablative plural)
kilolleni (allative singular)
kiloilleni (allative plural)
kilonani (essive singular)
kiloinani (essive plural)
kilokseni (singular translative)
kiloikseni (plural translative)
kilottani (abessive singular)
kiloittani (abessive plural)
kiloineni (comitative plural)
kilosi (nominative singular)
kilosi (nominative plural)
kilosi (accusative nominative singular)
kilosi (accusative nominative plural)
kilosi (accusative genitive singular)
kilosi (accusative genitive plural)
kilosi (genitive singular)
kilojesi (genitive plural)
kiloasi (partitive singular)
kilojasi (partitive plural)
kilossasi (inessive singular)
kiloissasi (inessive plural)
kilostasi (elative singular)
kiloistasi (elative plural)
kiloosi (illative singular)
kiloihisi (illative plural)
kilollasi (adessive singular)
kiloillasi (adessive plural)
kiloltasi (ablative singular)
kiloiltasi (ablative plural)
kilollesi (allative singular)
kiloillesi (allative plural)
kilonasi (essive singular)
kiloinasi (essive plural)
kiloksesi (singular translative)
kiloiksesi (plural translative)
kilottasi (abessive singular)
kiloittasi (abessive plural)
kiloinesi (comitative plural)
kilomme (nominative singular)
kilomme (nominative plural)
kilomme (accusative nominative singular)
kilomme (accusative nominative plural)
kilomme (accusative genitive singular)
kilomme (accusative genitive plural)
kilomme (genitive singular)
kilojemme (genitive plural)
kiloamme (partitive singular)
kilojamme (partitive plural)
kilossamme (inessive singular)
kiloissamme (inessive plural)
kilostamme (elative singular)
kiloistamme (elative plural)
kiloomme (illative singular)
kiloihimme (illative plural)
kilollamme (adessive singular)
kiloillamme (adessive plural)
kiloltamme (ablative singular)
kiloiltamme (ablative plural)
kilollemme (allative singular)
kiloillemme (allative plural)
kilonamme (essive singular)
kiloinamme (essive plural)
kiloksemme (singular translative)
kiloiksemme (plural translative)
kilottamme (abessive singular)
kiloittamme (abessive plural)
kiloinemme (comitative plural)
kilonne (nominative singular)
kilonne (nominative plural)
kilonne (accusative nominative singular)
kilonne (accusative nominative plural)
kilonne (accusative genitive singular)
kilonne (accusative genitive plural)
kilonne (genitive singular)
kilojenne (genitive plural)
kiloanne (partitive singular)
kilojanne (partitive plural)
kilossanne (inessive singular)
kiloissanne (inessive plural)
kilostanne (elative singular)
kiloistanne (elative plural)
kiloonne (illative singular)
kiloihinne (illative plural)
kilollanne (adessive singular)
kiloillanne (adessive plural)
kiloltanne (ablative singular)
kiloiltanne (ablative plural)
kilollenne (allative singular)
kiloillenne (allative plural)
kilonanne (essive singular)
kiloinanne (essive plural)
kiloksenne (singular translative)
kiloiksenne (plural translative)
kilottanne (abessive singular)
kiloittanne (abessive plural)
kiloinenne (comitative plural)
kilonsa (nominative singular)
kilonsa (nominative plural)
kilonsa (accusative nominative singular)
kilonsa (accusative nominative plural)
kilonsa (accusative genitive singular)
kilonsa (accusative genitive plural)
kilonsa (genitive singular)
kilojensa (genitive plural)
kiloaan (partitive singular)
kiloansa (partitive singular)
kilojaan (partitive plural)
kilojansa (partitive plural)
kilossaan (inessive singular)
kilossansa (inessive singular)
kiloissaan (inessive plural)
kiloissansa (inessive plural)
kilostaan (elative singular)
kilostansa (elative singular)
kiloistaan (elative plural)
kiloistansa (elative plural)
kiloonsa (illative singular)
kiloihinsa (illative plural)
kilollaan (adessive singular)
kilollansa (adessive singular)
kiloillaan (adessive plural)
kiloillansa (adessive plural)
kiloltaan (ablative singular)
kiloltansa (ablative singular)
kiloiltaan (ablative plural)
kiloiltansa (ablative plural)
kilolleen (allative singular)
kilollensa (allative singular)
kiloilleen (allative plural)
kiloillensa (allative plural)
kilonaan (essive singular)
kilonansa (essive singular)
kiloinaan (essive plural)
kiloinansa (essive plural)
kilokseen (singular translative)
kiloksensa (singular translative)
kiloikseen (plural translative)
kiloiksensa (plural translative)
kilottaan (abessive singular)
kilottansa (abessive singular)
kiloittaan (abessive plural)
kiloittansa (abessive plural)
kiloineen (comitative plural)
kiloinensa (comitative plural)

table
Probably kileä + -o. Cognate with Karelian kilo.


dal

az-noun

dal (definite accusative dalı, plural dallar)

dalı (accusative definite)
dallar (plural)


ac

āc (canonical feminine)
āc (nominative singular)
ǣċ (nominative plural)
āc (accusative singular)
ǣċ (accusative plural)
ǣċ (genitive singular)
āce (genitive singular)
āca (genitive plural)
ǣċ (dative singular)
ācum (dative plural)
āc (nominative singular)
āca (nominative plural)
āce (nominative plural)
āce (accusative singular)
āca (accusative plural)
āce (accusative plural)
āce (genitive singular)
āca (genitive plural)
āce (dative singular)
ācum (dative plural)
āc (nominative singular)
ācas (nominative plural)
āc (accusative singular)
ācas (accusative plural)
āces (genitive singular)
āca (genitive plural)
āce (dative singular)
ācum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: ook, ok, ak, ake
English: oak
Scots: aik, ake; yik (south)


alb

ca-adj

alb (feminine alba, masculine plural albs, feminine plural albes)

alba (feminine)
albs (masculine plural)
albes (feminine plural)

From Latin albus. Only used in poetic/literary contexts or found in some toponyms.


bus

Irish: pus

Scottish Gaelic: bus

From Proto-Celtic *bussus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to swell, bulge”).


buss

en-verb

buss (third-person singular simple present busses, present participle bussing, simple past and past participle bussed)

busses (present singular third-person)
bussing (participle present)
bussed (participle past)
bussed (past)

desctree

Sranan Tongo: bosi
Aukan: bosi
Saramaccan: bósi

Uncertain. First attested in the 1560s. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰus- (“lip, to kiss”) via Proto-Germanic *busaną (compare German bussen), but in any case imitative of kissing. Compare Welsh bus (“kiss, lip”) and Irish bus (“lips, mouth”) (both may have influenced English), Persian بوس (bus, “kiss”), Latvian buča (“kiss”), Latin basium (“kiss”).
Mainstream proposals like in The Free Dictionary have suggested it is a blend of old English dialect words bass (related to French baiser) and cuss (akin to kissen); perhaps compare puss.

der

'I take the privilege, Mistress Ruth, of saluting you.' ...And therewith I bussed her well.

1869, Richard Blackmore, Lorna Doone, page 1

As the repatriated explorer dodges down to buss the earth […] he is so thoroughly caught up in the rhapsody of the moment that he fails to take into account the traffic behind him.

1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 189

Sam...really was six-ten and his head bussed the ceiling.

(transitive, now often poetic or dialectal) To kiss (either literally or figuratively).