ع ج ب

Form I: عَجِبَ (ʕajiba); Active participle

مُعَجِّب

Form II: عَجَّبَ (ʕajjaba); Active participle

إِعْجَاب

Form IV: أَعْجَبَ (ʔaʕjaba); Verbal noun

مُعْجِب

Form IV: أَعْجَبَ (ʔaʕjaba); Active participle

إِعْجَاب

Form IV: أُعْجِبَ (ʔuʕjiba); Verbal noun

تَعَجُّب

Form V: تَعَجَّبَ (taʕajjaba); Verbal noun

مُتَعَجِّب

Form V: تَعَجَّبَ (taʕajjaba); Active participle

اِعْتِجَاب

Form VIII: اِعْتَجَبَ (iʕtajaba); Verbal noun

مُعْتَجِب

Form VIII: اِعْتَجَبَ (iʕtajaba); Active participle

اِسْتِعْجَاب

Form X: اِسْتَعْجَبَ (istaʕjaba); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْجِب

Form X: اِسْتَعْجَبَ (istaʕjaba); Active participle


ع ج م

عَاجِم

Form I: عَجَمَ (ʕajama); Active participle

مُعَجِّم

Form II: عَجَّمَ (ʕajjama); Active participle

مُعَاجِم

Form III: عَاجَمَ (ʕājama); Active participle

إِعْجَام

Form IV: أَعْجَمَ (ʔaʕjama); Verbal noun

مُعْجِم

Form IV: أَعْجَمَ (ʔaʕjama); Active participle

تَعَاجُم

Form VI: تَعَاجَمَ (taʕājama); Verbal noun

مُتَعَاجِم

Form VI: تَعَاجَمَ (taʕājama); Active participle

اِنْعِجَام

Form VII: اِنْعَجَمَ (inʕajama); Verbal noun

مُنْعَجِم

Form VII: اِنْعَجَمَ (inʕajama); Active participle

اِسْتِعْجَام

Form X: اِسْتَعْجَمَ (istaʕjama); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْجِم

Form X: اِسْتَعْجَمَ (istaʕjama); Active participle


ع ج ر

عَاجِر

Form I: عَجَرَ (ʕajara); Active participle

مُعَاجِر

Form III: عَاجَرَ (ʕājara); Active participle

تَعَجُّر

Form V: تَعَجَّرَ (taʕajjara); Verbal noun

مُتَعَجِّر

Form V: تَعَجَّرَ (taʕajjara); Active participle

اِعْتِجَار

Form VIII: اِعْتَجَرَ (iʕtajara); Verbal noun

مُعْتَجِر

Form VIII: اِعْتَجَرَ (iʕtajara); Active participle


ع ث م

ar-root

ع ث م • (ʕ-ṯ-m)

عَاثِم

Form I: عَثَمَ (ʕaṯama); Active participle

إِعْثَام

Form IV: أَعْثَمَ (ʔaʕṯama); Verbal noun

مُعْثِم

Form IV: أَعْثَمَ (ʔaʕṯama); Active participle

اِعْتِثَام

Form VIII: اِعْتَثَمَ (iʕtaṯama); Verbal noun

مُعْتَثِم

Form VIII: اِعْتَثَمَ (iʕtaṯama); Active participle


ع س ب

عَاسِب

Form I: عَسَبَ (ʕasaba); Active participle

مُعَسِّب

Form II: عَسَّبَ (ʕassaba); Active participle

إِعْسَاب

Form IV: أَعْسَبَ (ʔaʕsaba); Verbal noun

مُعْسِب

Form IV: أَعْسَبَ (ʔaʕsaba); Active participle

اِسْتِعْسَاب

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَبَ (istaʕsaba); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْسِب

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَبَ (istaʕsaba); Active participle


ع ش د

ع ش د • (ʕ-š-d)

عَاشِد

Form I: عَشَدَ (ʕašada); Active participle


ع س ج ر

عَسْجَرَة

Form Iq: عَسْجَرَ (ʕasjara); Verbal noun

مُعَسْجِر

Form Iq: عَسْجَرَ (ʕasjara); Active participle


ع س د

عَاسِد

Form I: عَسَدَ (ʕasada); Active participle


ع ب م

Form I: عَبُمَ (ʕabuma); Active participle


ع س م ط

ع س م ط • (ʕ-s-m-ṭ)

عَسْمَطَة

Form Iq: عَسْمَطَ (ʕasmaṭa); Verbal noun

مُعَسْمِط

Form Iq: عَسْمَطَ (ʕasmaṭa); Active participle


ع س ل ط

ع س ل ط • (ʕ-s-l-ṭ)

عَسْلَطَة

Form Iq: عَسْلَطَ (ʕaslaṭa); Verbal noun

مُعَسْلِط

Form Iq: عَسْلَطَ (ʕaslaṭa); Active participle


ع س ق ل

عَسْقَلَة

Form Iq: عَسْقَلَ (ʕasqala); Verbal noun

مُعَسْقِل

Form Iq: عَسْقَلَ (ʕasqala); Active participle


ع ش ر ق

ع ش ر ق • (ʕ-š-r-q)

عَشْرَقَة

Form Iq: عَشْرَقَ (ʕašraqa); Verbal noun

مُعَشْرِق

Form Iq: عَشْرَقَ (ʕašraqa); Active participle


ع ش ز ن

ع ش ز ن • (ʕ-š-z-n)

عَشْزَنَة

Form Iq: عَشْزَنَ (ʕašzana); Verbal noun

مُعَشْزِن

Form Iq: عَشْزَنَ (ʕašzana); Active participle


ع ش ط

ع ش ط • (ʕ-š-ṭ)

عَاشِط

Form I: عَشَطَ (ʕašaṭa); Active participle


ع ش ز

ع ش ز • (ʕ-š-z)

عَاشِز

Form I: عَشَزَ (ʕašaza); Active participle


ع ش ر

ع ش ر • (ʕ-š-r)

إِعْشَار

Form IV: أَعْشَرَ (ʔaʕšara); Verbal noun

تَعَاشُر

Form VI: تَعَاشَرَ (taʕāšara); Verbal noun

عَاشِر

Form I: عَشَرَ (ʕašara); Active participle

مُعَشِّر

Form II: عَشَّرَ (ʕaššara); Active participle

مُعَاشِر

Form III: عَاشَرَ (ʕāšara); Active participle

مُعْشِر

Form IV: أَعْشَرَ (ʔaʕšara); Active participle

مُتَعَاشِر

Form VI: تَعَاشَرَ (taʕāšara); Active participle


ع ز ن

إِعْزَان

Form IV: أَعْزَنَ (ʔaʕzana); Verbal noun

مُعْزِن

Form IV: أَعْزَنَ (ʔaʕzana); Active participle


ع ش م

ع ش م • (ʕ-š-m)

Form I: عَشِمَ (ʕašima); Active participle

تَعَشُّم

Form V: تَعَشَّمَ (taʕaššama); Verbal noun

مُتَعَشِّم

Form V: تَعَشَّمَ (taʕaššama); Active participle


ع ت ك

عَاتِك

Form I: عَتَكَ (ʕataka); Active participle


ع ز ف

عَازِف

Form I: عَزَفَ (ʕazafa); Active participle

مُعَزِّف

Form II: عَزَّفَ (ʕazzafa); Active participle


ع ض ر

ع ض ر • (ʕ-ḍ-r)

عَاضِر

Form I: عَضَرَ (ʕaḍara); Active participle


ع ز ق

عَزْق

Form I: عَزَقَ (ʕazaqa, “to dig, to hoe”); Verbal noun

عَازِق

Form I: عَزَقَ (ʕazaqa, “to dig, to hoe”); Active participle

عَزَق

Form I: عَزِقَ (ʕaziqa, “to adhere, to stick”); Verbal noun

Form I: عَزِقَ (ʕaziqa, “to adhere, to stick”); Active participle


ع س ر

عَاسِر

Form I: عَسَرَ (ʕasara); Active participle

مُعَسِّر

Form II: عَسَّرَ (ʕassara); Active participle

مُعَاسِر

Form III: عَاسَرَ (ʕāsara); Active participle

إِعْسَار

Form IV: أَعْسَرَ (ʔaʕsara); Verbal noun

مُعْسِر

Form IV: أَعْسَرَ (ʔaʕsara); Active participle

تَعَسُّر

Form V: تَعَسَّرَ (taʕassara); Verbal noun

مُتَعَسِّر

Form V: تَعَسَّرَ (taʕassara); Active participle

تَعَاسُر

Form VI: تَعَاسَرَ (taʕāsara); Verbal noun

مُتَعَاسِر

Form VI: تَعَاسَرَ (taʕāsara); Active participle

اِعْتِسَار

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَرَ (iʕtasara); Verbal noun

مُعْتَسِر

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَرَ (iʕtasara); Active participle

اِسْتِعْسَار

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَرَ (istaʕsara); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْسِر

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَرَ (istaʕsara); Active participle


ع ش ف

ع ش ف • (ʕ-š-f)

إِعْشَاف

Form IV: أَعْشَفَ (ʔaʕšafa); Verbal noun

مُعْشِف

Form IV: أَعْشَفَ (ʔaʕšafa); Active participle


ع س ل

عَاسِل

Form I: عَسَلَ (ʕasala); Active participle

مُعَسِّل

Form II: عَسَّلَ (ʕassala); Active participle

اِسْتِعْسَال

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَلَ (istaʕsala); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْسِل

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَلَ (istaʕsala); Active participle


ع س م

عَاسِم

Form I: عَسَمَ (ʕasama); Active participle

إِعْسَام

Form IV: أَعْسَمَ (ʔaʕsama); Verbal noun

مُعْسِم

Form IV: أَعْسَمَ (ʔaʕsama); Active participle

اِعْتِسَام

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَمَ (iʕtasama); Verbal noun

مُعْتَسِم

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَمَ (iʕtasama); Active participle


ع ص ل ب

ع ص ل ب • (ʕ-ṣ-l-b)

عَصْلَبَة

Form Iq: عَصْلَبَ (ʕaṣlaba); Verbal noun

مُعَصْلِب

Form Iq: عَصْلَبَ (ʕaṣlaba); Active participle


ع ش ن

ع ش ن • (ʕ-š-n)

تَعَشُّن

Form V: تَعَشَّنَ (taʕaššana); Verbal noun

related to bad tastes, opinion especially of quality

relate to behaving in bad taste, not desirably or approved

عَاشِن

Form I: عَشَنَ (ʕašana); Active participle

مُعَشِّن

Form II: عَشَّنَ (ʕaššana); Active participle

مُتَعَشِّن

Form V: تَعَشَّنَ (taʕaššana); Active participle

اِعْتِشَان

Form VIII: اِعْتَشَنَ (iʕtašana); Verbal noun

مُعْتَشِن

Form VIII: اِعْتَشَنَ (iʕtašana); Active participle


ع ض ه ل

ع ض ه ل • (ʕ-ḍ-h-l)

عَضْهَلَة

Form Iq: عَضْهَلَ (ʕaḍhala); Verbal noun

مُعَضْهِل

Form Iq: عَضْهَلَ (ʕaḍhala); Active participle


ع س ق

Form I: عَسِقَ (ʕasiqa); Active participle


ع س ف

عَاسِف

Form I: عَسَفَ (ʕasafa); Active participle

مُعَسِّف

Form II: عَسَّفَ (ʕassafa); Active participle

إِعْسَاف

Form IV: أَعْسَفَ (ʔaʕsafa); Verbal noun

مُعْسِف

Form IV: أَعْسَفَ (ʔaʕsafa); Active participle

تَعَسُّف

Form V: تَعَسَّفَ (taʕassafa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَسِّف

Form V: تَعَسَّفَ (taʕassafa); Active participle

اِنْعِسَاف

Form VII: اِنْعَسَفَ (inʕasafa); Verbal noun

مُنْعَسِف

Form VII: اِنْعَسَفَ (inʕasafa); Active participle

اِعْتِسَاف

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَفَ (iʕtasafa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَسِف

Form VIII: اِعْتَسَفَ (iʕtasafa); Active participle


ع ص ص

ع ص ص • (ʕ-ṣ-ṣ)

عَاصّ

Form I: عَصَّ (ʕaṣṣa); Active participle

مُعَصِّص

Form II: عَصَّصَ (ʕaṣṣaṣa); Active participle

اِنْعِصَاص

Form VII: اِنْعَصَّ (inʕaṣṣa); Verbal noun

مُنْعَصّ

Form VII: اِنْعَصَّ (inʕaṣṣa); Active participle

اِعْتِصَاص

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَّ (iʕtaṣṣa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَصّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَّ (iʕtaṣṣa); Active participle


ع ص ن

ع ص ن • (ʕ-ṣ-n)

إِعْصَان

Form IV: أَعْصَنَ (ʔaʕṣana); Verbal noun

مُعْصِن

Form IV: أَعْصَنَ (ʔaʕṣana); Active participle


ع ص د

ع ص د • (ʕ-ṣ-d)

عَاصِد

Form I: عَصَدَ (ʕaṣada); Active participle

مُعَصِّد

Form II: عَصَّدَ (ʕaṣṣada); Active participle

إِعْصَاد

Form IV: أَعْصَدَ (ʔaʕṣada); Verbal noun

مُعْصِد

Form IV: أَعْصَدَ (ʔaʕṣada); Active participle

تَعَصُّد

Form V: تَعَصَّدَ (taʕaṣṣada); Verbal noun

مُتَعَصِّد

Form V: تَعَصَّدَ (taʕaṣṣada); Active participle


ع ب ل

related to grossness, thickness, bulkiness

عَبَالَة

Form I: عَبُلَ (ʕabula, “to be bulky, to be thick, to be gross; to become bulky, to become thick, to become gross; to abound with leaves”); Verbal noun

Form I: عَبُلَ (ʕabula, “to be bulky, to be thick, to be gross; to become bulky, to become thick, to become gross; to abound with leaves”); Active participle

عُبُول

Form I: عَبَلَ (ʕabala, “synonym of عَبُلَ (ʕabula)”); Verbal noun

عَابِل

Form I: عَبَلَ (ʕabala, “synonym of عَبُلَ (ʕabula)”); Active participle

عَبَل

Form I: عَبِلَ (ʕabila, “synonym of عَبُلَ (ʕabula)”); Verbal noun

Form I: عَبِلَ (ʕabila, “synonym of عَبُلَ (ʕabula)”); Active participle

عَبْل

Form I: عَبَلَ (ʕabala, “to cut off, to extirpate, to separate; to repel, to hinder, to impede, to prevent; to twist, to contort”); Verbal noun

عَابِل

Form I: عَبَلَ (ʕabala, “to cut off, to extirpate, to separate; to repel, to hinder, to impede, to prevent; to twist, to contort”); Active participle

تَعْبِيل

Form II: عَبَّلَ (ʕabbala, “synonym of عَبَلَ (ʕabala)”); Verbal noun

مُعَبِّل

Form II: عَبَّلَ (ʕabbala, “synonym of عَبَلَ (ʕabala)”); Active participle

إِعْبَال

Form IV: أَعْبَلَ (ʔaʕbala, “to become bulky, to become thick, to be gross; to put forth one’s leaves”); Verbal noun

مُعْبِل

Form IV: أَعْبَلَ (ʔaʕbala, “to become bulky, to become thick, to be gross; to put forth one’s leaves”); Active participle

عَبَال

Rosa abyssinica; eglantine (Rosa rubiginosa, syn. Rosa eglanteria); dog rose, Rosa canina


ع ص ل

ع ص ل • (ʕ-ṣ-l)

عَصْل

Form I: عَصَلَ (ʕaṣala, “to crook, to bend”); Verbal noun

عَاصِل

Form I: عَصَلَ (ʕaṣala, “to crook, to bend”); Active participle

عَصَل

Form I: عَصِلَ (ʕaṣila, “to be crooked, to be bent”); Verbal noun

Form I: عَصِلَ (ʕaṣila, “to be crooked, to be bent”); Active participle

تَعْصِيل

Form II: عَصَّلَ (ʕaṣṣala, “to become twisted; to be dilatory”); Verbal noun

مُعَصِّل

Form II: عَصَّلَ (ʕaṣṣala, “to become twisted; to be dilatory”); Active participle


ع ص ف

ع ص ف • (ʕ-ṣ-f)

Metathesis of عَفَصَ (ʕafaṣa). The forms and ideas of عُصَافَة (ʕuṣāfa, “chaff”) or refuse of corn in a society that attained agriculture only late are derivative to that of an oakgall عَفْص (ʕafṣ). Note also عِنْفَص (ʕinfaṣ, “bung-hole of a waterclock”). Distantly related to the root ع ص ر (ʕ-ṣ-r).

ع ص ر (ʕ-ṣ-r)

إِعْصَاف

Form IV: أَعْصَفَ (ʔaʕṣafa); Verbal noun

اِعْتِصَاف

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَفَ (iʕtaṣafa); Verbal noun

عَاصِف

Form I: عَصَفَ (ʕaṣafa); Active participle

مُعْصِف

Form IV: أَعْصَفَ (ʔaʕṣafa); Active participle

مُعْتَصِف

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَفَ (iʕtaṣafa); Active participle


ع ض ض

ع ض ض • (ʕ-ḍ-ḍ)

عَاضّ

Form I: عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa); Active participle

مُعَضِّض

Form II: عَضَّضَ (ʕaḍḍaḍa); Active participle

مُعَاضّ

Form III: عَاضَّ (ʕāḍḍa); Active participle

مُعِضّ

Form IV: أَعَضَّ (ʔaʕaḍḍa); Active participle

تَعَاضّ

Form VI: تَعَاضَّ (taʕāḍḍa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَاضّ

Form VI: تَعَاضَّ (taʕāḍḍa); Active participle

مُتَعَاضّ

Form VI: تَعَاضَّ (taʕāḍḍa)

اِنْعِضَاض

Form VII: اِنْعَضَّ (inʕaḍḍa); Verbal noun

مُنْعَضّ

Form VII: اِنْعَضَّ (inʕaḍḍa); Active participle

related to biting, using ones mouth or teeth


ع ص ب

ع ص ب • (ʕ-ṣ-b)

related to nerves and neurology; an extension of sinews and ligaments

related to tribes, bands of people, and loyalty

عَاصِب

Form I: عَصَبَ (ʕaṣaba); Active participle

مُعَصِّب

Form II: عَصَّبَ (ʕaṣṣaba); Active participle

إِعْصَاب

Form IV: أَعْصَبَ (ʔaʕṣaba); Verbal noun

مُعْصِب

Form IV: أَعْصَبَ (ʔaʕṣaba); Active participle

تَعَصُّب

Form V: تَعَصَّبَ (taʕaṣṣaba); Verbal noun

مُتَعَصِّب

Form V: تَعَصَّبَ (taʕaṣṣaba); Active participle

اِنْعِصَاب

Form VII: اِنْعَصَبَ (inʕaṣaba); Verbal noun

مُنْعَصِب

Form VII: اِنْعَصَبَ (inʕaṣaba); Active participle

اِعْتِصَاب

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَبَ (iʕtaṣaba); Verbal noun

مُعْتَصِب

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَبَ (iʕtaṣaba); Active participle

اِعْصِيصَاب

Form XII: اِعْصَوْصَبَ (iʕṣawṣaba); Verbal noun

مُعْصَوْصِب

Form XII: اِعْصَوْصَبَ (iʕṣawṣaba); Active participle


ع ص ر

ع ص ر • (ʕ-ṣ-r)

to the passage of time especially nearing the end of a period or shortened window of time, the end of the day, the last hours of light, literally the pressing on of time

عَاصِر

Form I: عَصَرَ (ʕaṣara); Active participle

مُعَصِّر

Form II: عَصَّرَ (ʕaṣṣara); Active participle

مُعَاصِر

Form III: عَاصَرَ (ʕāṣara); Active participle

إِعْصَار

Form IV: أَعْصَرَ (ʔaʕṣara); Verbal noun

مُعْصِر

Form IV: أَعْصَرَ (ʔaʕṣara); Active participle

تَعَصُّر

Form V: تَعَصَّرَ (taʕaṣṣara); Verbal noun

مُتَعَصِّر

Form V: تَعَصَّرَ (taʕaṣṣara); Active participle

اِنْعِصَار

Form VII: اِنْعَصَرَ (inʕaṣara); Verbal noun

مُنْعَصِر

Form VII: اِنْعَصَرَ (inʕaṣara); Active participle

اِعْتِصَار

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَرَ (iʕtaṣara); Verbal noun

مُعْتَصِر

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَرَ (iʕtaṣara); Active participle


ع ش ق

ع ش ق • (ʕ-š-q)

تَعَشُّق

Form V: تَعَشَّقَ (taʕaššaqa); Verbal noun

تَعَاشُق

Form VI: تَعَاشَقَ (taʕāšaqa); Verbal noun

related to coupling with something weighty

hence, related to being grabbed by passion, infatuation

Form I: عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa); Active participle

مُعَشِّق

Form II: عَشَّقَ (ʕaššaqa); Active participle

مُعَاشِق

Form III: عَاشَقَ (ʕāšaqa); Active participle

مُتَعَشِّق

Form V: تَعَشَّقَ (taʕaššaqa); Active participle

مُتَعَاشِق

Form VI: تَعَاشَقَ (taʕāšaqa); Active participle


ع س ن

Form I: عَسِنَ (ʕasina); Active participle

مُعَسِّن

Form II: عَسَّنَ (ʕassana); Active participle

إِعْسَان

Form IV: أَعْسَنَ (ʔaʕsana); Verbal noun

مُعْسِن

Form IV: أَعْسَنَ (ʔaʕsana); Active participle

تَعَسُّن

Form V: تَعَسَّنَ (taʕassana); Verbal noun

مُتَعَسِّن

Form V: تَعَسَّنَ (taʕassana); Active participle

اِسْتِعْسَان

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَنَ (istaʕsana); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْسِن

Form X: اِسْتَعْسَنَ (istaʕsana); Active participle


ع ص م

ع ص م • (ʕ-ṣ-m)

Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯ̣m-, Doublet of ع ظ م (ʕ ẓ m).

عَصْم

Form I: عَصَمَ (ʕaṣama, “to save, to protect”); Verbal noun

عَاصِم

Form I: عَصَمَ (ʕaṣama, “to save, to protect”); Active participle

إِعْصَام

Form IV: أَعْصَمَ (ʔaʕṣama); Verbal noun

مُعْصِم

Form IV: أَعْصَمَ (ʔaʕṣama); Active participle

اِنْعِصَام

Form VII: اِنْعَصَمَ (inʕaṣama); Verbal noun

مُنْعَصِم

Form VII: اِنْعَصَمَ (inʕaṣama); Active participle

اِعْتِصَام

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَمَ (iʕtaṣama); Verbal noun

مُعْتَصِم

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَمَ (iʕtaṣama); Active participle

اِسْتِعْصَام

Form X: اِسْتَعْصَمَ (istaʕṣama); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْصِم

Form X: اِسْتَعْصَمَ (istaʕṣama); Active participle


ع ش ش

ع ش ش • (ʕ-š-š)

عَاشّ

Form I: عَشَّ (ʕašša); Active participle

مُعَشِّش

Form II: عَشَّشَ (ʕaššaša); Active participle

مُعِشّ

Form IV: أَعَشَّ (ʔaʕašša); Active participle

اِنْعِشَاش

Form VII: اِنْعَشَّ (inʕašša); Verbal noun

مُنْعَشّ

Form VII: اِنْعَشَّ (inʕašša); Active participle

اِعْتِشَاش

Form VIII: اِعْتَشَّ (iʕtašša); Verbal noun

مُعْتَشّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَشَّ (iʕtašša); Active participle


ع ص و د

ع ص و د • (ʕ-ṣ-w-d)

عَصْوَدَة

Form Iq: عَصْوَدَ (ʕaṣwada); Verbal noun

مُعَصْوِد

Form Iq: عَصْوَدَ (ʕaṣwada); Active participle

تَعَصْوُد

Form IIq: تَعَصْوَدَ (taʕaṣwada); Verbal noun

مُتَعَصْوِد

Form IIq: تَعَصْوَدَ (taʕaṣwada); Active participle


ع ض و

ع ض و • (ʕ-ḍ-w)

مُعَضًّى

Form II: عَضَّى (ʕaḍḍā)

related to limbs, branches, sections, divisions, pieces, and portions

مُعَضٍّ

Form II: عَضَّى (ʕaḍḍā); Active participle

related to skill or understanding of the body, organs, essential pieces


ع ض ه

ع ض ه • (ʕ-ḍ-h)

عَاضِه

Form I: عَضَهَ (ʕaḍaha); Active participle

مُعَضِّه

Form II: عَضَّهَ (ʕaḍḍaha); Active participle

إِعْضَاه

Form IV: أَعْضَهَ (ʔaʕḍaha); Verbal noun

مُعْضِه

Form IV: أَعْضَهَ (ʔaʕḍaha); Active participle


ع ظ ب

ع ظ ب • (ʕ-ẓ-b)

عَاظِب

Form I: عَظَبَ (ʕaẓaba); Active participle

مُعَظِّب

Form II: عَظَّبَ (ʕaẓẓaba); Active participle


ع ظ ر

ع ظ ر • (ʕ-ẓ-r)

Form I: عَظِرَ (ʕaẓira); Active participle

إِعْظَار

Form IV: أَعْظَرَ (ʔaʕẓara); Verbal noun

مُعْظِر

Form IV: أَعْظَرَ (ʔaʕẓara); Active participle


ع ض ل

ع ض ل • (ʕ-ḍ-l)

عَاضِل

Form I: عَضَلَ (ʕaḍala); Active participle

مُعَضِّل

Form II: عَضَّلَ (ʕaḍḍala); Active participle

إِعْضَال

Form IV: أَعْضَلَ (ʔaʕḍala); Verbal noun

مُعْضِل

Form IV: أَعْضَلَ (ʔaʕḍala); Active participle

تَعَضُّل

Form V: تَعَضَّلَ (taʕaḍḍala); Verbal noun

مُتَعَضِّل

Form V: تَعَضَّلَ (taʕaḍḍala); Active participle

اِعْضِيلَال

Form XI: اِعْضَالَّ (iʕḍālla); Verbal noun

مُعْضَالّ

Form XI: اِعْضَالَّ (iʕḍālla); Active participle


ع ص و

ع ص و • (ʕ-ṣ-w)

مُعَصٍّ

Form II: عَصَّى (ʕaṣṣā); Active participle

مُعَصًّى

Form II: عَصَّى (ʕaṣṣā)

مُعَاصٍ

Form III: عَاصَى (ʕāṣā); Active participle

مُعَاصًى

Form III: عَاصَى (ʕāṣā)

مُعْصٍ

Form IV: أَعْصَى (ʔaʕṣā); Active participle

مُعْصًى

Form IV: أَعْصَى (ʔaʕṣā)

اِعْتِصَاء

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَى (iʕtaṣā); Verbal noun

مُعْتَصٍ

Form VIII: اِعْتَصَى (iʕtaṣā); Active participle


ع ط ع ط

ع ط ع ط • (ʕ-ṭ-ʕ-ṭ)

عَطْعَطَة

Form Iq: عَطْعَطَ (ʕaṭʕaṭa); Verbal noun

مُعَطْعِط

Form Iq: عَطْعَطَ (ʕaṭʕaṭa); Active participle

مُعَطْعَط

Form Iq: عَطْعَطَ (ʕaṭʕaṭa)


ع ظ ظ

ع ظ ظ • (ʕ-ẓ-ẓ)

related to desperate combat or struggle, to fighting back in a deadly situation

عَاظّ

Form I: عَظَّ (ʕaẓẓa); Active participle

مُعَاظّ

Form III: عَاظَّ (ʕāẓẓa); Active participle

مُعِظّ

Form IV: أَعَظَّ (ʔaʕaẓẓa); Active participle


ع ط ي

ع ط ي • (ʕ-ṭ-y)


ع ط س

ع ط س • (ʕ-ṭ-s)

عَطْس

Form I: عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa, “to sneeze”); Verbal noun

عَاطِس

Form I: عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa, “to sneeze”); Active participle

تَعْطِيس

Form II: عَطَّسَ (ʕaṭṭasa, “to make sneeze”); Verbal noun

مُعَطِّس

Form II: عَطَّسَ (ʕaṭṭasa, “to make sneeze”); Active participle

عَاطُوس

snuff, the object of one’s sneezing or what makes one sneeze


ع ط ر

ع ط ر • (ʕ-ṭ-r)

Form I: عَطِرَ (ʕaṭira); Active participle

مُعَطِّر

Form II: عَطَّرَ (ʕaṭṭara); Active participle

تَعَطُّر

Form V: تَعَطَّرَ (taʕaṭṭara); Verbal noun

مُتَعَطِّر

Form V: تَعَطَّرَ (taʕaṭṭara); Active participle

اِسْتِعْطَار

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَرَ (istaʕṭara); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْطِر

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَرَ (istaʕṭara); Active participle


ع ف ت

related to mangling, to break by twisting

عَافِت

Form I: عَفَتَ (ʕafata); Active participle

مُعَفِّت

Form II: عَفَّتَ (ʕaffata); Active participle


ع ط ب

ع ط ب • (ʕ-ṭ-b)

Form I: عَطِبَ (ʕaṭiba); Active participle

مُعَطِّب

Form II: عَطَّبَ (ʕaṭṭaba); Active participle

إِعْطَاب

Form IV: أَعْطَبَ (ʔaʕṭaba); Verbal noun

مُعْطِب

Form IV: أَعْطَبَ (ʔaʕṭaba); Active participle

تَعَطُّب

Form V: تَعَطَّبَ (taʕaṭṭaba); Verbal noun

مُتَعَطِّب

Form V: تَعَطَّبَ (taʕaṭṭaba); Active participle

اِنْعِطَاب

Form VII: اِنْعَطَبَ (inʕaṭaba); Verbal noun

مُنْعَطِب

Form VII: اِنْعَطَبَ (inʕaṭaba); Active participle

اِعْتِطَاب

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَبَ (iʕtaṭaba); Verbal noun

مُعْتَطِب

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَبَ (iʕtaṭaba); Active participle


ع ظ ع ظ

ع ظ ع ظ • (ʕ-ẓ-ʕ-ẓ)

عَظْعَظَة

Form Iq: عَظْعَظَ (ʕaẓʕaẓa); Verbal noun

مُعَظْعِظ

Form Iq: عَظْعَظَ (ʕaẓʕaẓa); Active participle

مُعَظْعَظ

Form Iq: عَظْعَظَ (ʕaẓʕaẓa)


ع ف ج

تَعَفُّج

Form V: تَعَفَّجَ (taʕaffaja); Verbal noun

اِعْفِجَاج

Form IX: اِعْفَجَّ (iʕfajja); Verbal noun

related to the digestive tract past the stomach

to sodomy, rape, beating into submission

عَافِج

Form I: عَفَجَ (ʕafaja); Active participle

مُتَعَفِّج

Form V: تَعَفَّجَ (taʕaffaja); Active participle

مُعْفَجّ

Form IX: اِعْفَجَّ (iʕfajja); Active participle


ع ظ ل

ع ظ ل • (ʕ-ẓ-l)

عَاظِل

Form I: عَظَلَ (ʕaẓala); Active participle

مُعَظِّل

Form II: عَظَّلَ (ʕaẓẓala); Active participle

مُعَاظِل

Form III: عَاظَلَ (ʕāẓala); Active participle

تَعَظُّل

Form V: تَعَظَّلَ (taʕaẓẓala); Verbal noun

مُتَعَظِّل

Form V: تَعَظَّلَ (taʕaẓẓala); Active participle

تَعَاظُل

Form VI: تَعَاظَلَ (taʕāẓala); Verbal noun

مُتَعَاظِل

Form VI: تَعَاظَلَ (taʕāẓala); Active participle

اِعْتِظَال

Form VIII: اِعْتَظَلَ (iʕtaẓala); Verbal noun

مُعْتَظِل

Form VIII: اِعْتَظَلَ (iʕtaẓala); Active participle


ع ط ن

ع ط ن • (ʕ-ṭ-n)

Form I: عَطِنَ (ʕaṭina, “to rot”); Active participle

عَاطِن

Form I: عَطَنَ (ʕaṭana, “to tan; to lie down”); Active participle

اِنْعِطَان

Form VII: اِنْعَطَنَ (inʕaṭana); Verbal noun

مُنْعَطِن

Form VII: اِنْعَطَنَ (inʕaṭana); Active participle

تَعْطِين

Form II: عَطَّنَ (ʕaṭṭana, “to make a resting place; to tan”); Verbal noun

مُعَطِّن

Form II: عَطَّنَ (ʕaṭṭana, “to make a resting place; to tan”); Active participle

إِعْطَان

Form IV: أَعْطَنَ (ʔaʕṭana, “to lead to the resting-place”); Verbal noun

مُعْطِن

Form IV: أَعْطَنَ (ʔaʕṭana, “to lead to the resting-place”); Active participle


ع ط ط

ع ط ط • (ʕ-ṭ-ṭ)

عَاطّ

Form I: عَطَّ (ʕaṭṭa); Active participle

مُعَطِّط

Form II: عَطَّطَ (ʕaṭṭaṭa); Active participle

تَعَطُّط

Form V: تَعَطَّطَ (taʕaṭṭaṭa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَطِّط

Form V: تَعَطَّطَ (taʕaṭṭaṭa); Active participle

مُتَعَطَّط

Form V: تَعَطَّطَ (taʕaṭṭaṭa)

اِنْعِطَاط

Form VII: اِنْعَطَّ (inʕaṭṭa); Verbal noun

مُنْعَطّ

Form VII: اِنْعَطَّ (inʕaṭṭa); Active participle

اِعْتِطَاط

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَّ (iʕtaṭṭa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَطّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَّ (iʕtaṭṭa); Active participle


ع ط ش

ع ط ش • (ʕ-ṭ-š)

Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou suggests univerbation of عَلَى طَيْشٍ (ʕalā ṭayšin, “fickle, irresolute”). A relation to Proto-Iranian *tŕ̥šnah (“thirst”) by Addai Sher escapes any likelihood, such words defy borrowing.

univerbation

عَلَى طَيْشٍ

عَطَش

Form I: عَطِشَ (ʕaṭiša, “to be in want of water”); Verbal noun

Form I: عَطِشَ (ʕaṭiša, “to be in want of water”); Active participle

تَعْطِيش

Form II: عَطَّشَ (ʕaṭṭaša, “to make thirsty”); Verbal noun

مُعَطِّش

Form II: عَطَّشَ (ʕaṭṭaša, “to make thirsty”); Active participle

مُعَاطَشَة

Form III: عَاطَشَ (ʕāṭaša, “to vie with in satisfying or bearing thirst”); Verbal noun

مُعَاطِش

Form III: عَاطَشَ (ʕāṭaša, “to vie with in satisfying or bearing thirst”); Active participle

إِعْطَاش

Form IV: أَعْطَشَ (ʔaʕṭaša, “to thirst”); Verbal noun

مُعْطِش

Form IV: أَعْطَشَ (ʔaʕṭaša, “to thirst”); Active participle

تَعَطُّش

Form V: تَعَطَّشَ (taʕaṭṭaša, “to constrain oneself to thirst”); Verbal noun

مُتَعَطِّش

Form V: تَعَطَّشَ (taʕaṭṭaša, “to constrain oneself to thirst”); Active participle

مُتَعَطَّش

-VI=to vie with each other in satisfying or bearing thirst

مَعْطَشَة

land where there is no water; a cause of thirst


ع ط ف

ar-root

ع ط ف • (ʕ-ṭ-f)

to fold, bend; to lean on, incline towards; to show kindness, beseech, implore

عَاطِف

Form I: عَطَفَ (ʕaṭafa); Active participle

مُعَطِّف

Form II: عَطَّفَ (ʕaṭṭafa); Active participle

تَعَطُّف

Form V: تَعَطَّفَ (taʕaṭṭafa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَطِّف

Form V: تَعَطَّفَ (taʕaṭṭafa); Active participle

تَعَاطُف

Form VI: تَعَاطَفَ (taʕāṭafa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَاطِف

Form VI: تَعَاطَفَ (taʕāṭafa); Active participle

اِنْعِطَاف

Form VII: اِنْعَطَفَ (inʕaṭafa); Verbal noun

مُنْعَطِف

Form VII: اِنْعَطَفَ (inʕaṭafa); Active participle

اِعْتِطَاف

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَفَ (iʕtaṭafa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَطِف

Form VIII: اِعْتَطَفَ (iʕtaṭafa); Active participle

اِسْتِعْطَاف

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَفَ (istaʕṭafa); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْطِف

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَفَ (istaʕṭafa); Active participle


ع ط و

ع ط و • (ʕ-ṭ-w)

related to stretching forth or extending hands (to give, to hand over, to offer or present, also to take something)

مُعَطٍّ

Form II: عَطَّى (ʕaṭṭā); Active participle

مُعَطًّى

Form II: عَطَّى (ʕaṭṭā)

مُعَاطٍ

Form III: عَاطَى (ʕāṭā); Active participle

مُعَاطًى

Form III: عَاطَى (ʕāṭā)

مُعْطٍ

Form IV: أَعْطَى (ʔaʕṭā); Active participle

مُعْطًى

Form IV: أَعْطَى (ʔaʕṭā)

مُتَعَطٍّ

Form V: تَعَطَّى (taʕaṭṭā); Active participle

مُتَعَطًّى

Form V: تَعَطَّى (taʕaṭṭā)

مُتَعَاطٍ

Form VI: تَعَاطَى (taʕāṭā); Active participle

مُتَعَاطًى

Form VI: تَعَاطَى (taʕāṭā)

اِنْعِطَاء

Form VII: اِنْعَطَى (inʕaṭā); Verbal noun

مُنْعَطٍ

Form VII: اِنْعَطَى (inʕaṭā); Active participle

اِسْتِعْطَاء

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَى (istaʕṭā); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْطٍ

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَى (istaʕṭā); Active participle

مُسْتَعْطًى

Form X: اِسْتَعْطَى (istaʕṭā)


ع ظ و

ع ظ و • (ʕ-ẓ-w)

Variation of ع ظ ي (ʕ-ẓ-y); compare also و ع ظ (w-ʕ-ẓ), "preaching against", and the "reptile" variously identified, named عِظايَة (ʕiẓāya), sometimes a salamander and later even the Gila monster, perhaps lending the association of toxicity.

ع ظ ي (ʕ-ẓ-y)

و ع ظ (w-ʕ-ẓ)

مُعَظًّى

Form II: عَظَّى (ʕaẓẓā)

مُعْظًى

Form IV: أَعْظَى (ʔaʕẓā)

مُتَعَظًّى

Form V: تَعَظَّى (taʕaẓẓā)

مُتَعَاظًى

Form VI: تَعَاظَى (taʕāẓā)

related to harm, or poison, especially poisoning one unaware

related to defamation, slander, speaking out against, poisoning reputation

مُعَظٍّ

Form II: عَظَّى (ʕaẓẓā); Active participle

مُعَاظٍ

Form III: عَاظَى (ʕāẓā); Active participle

مُعَاظًى

Form III: عَاظَى (ʕāẓā)

مُعْظٍ

Form IV: أَعْظَى (ʔaʕẓā); Active participle

مُتَعَظٍّ

Form V: تَعَظَّى (taʕaẓẓā); Active participle

مُتَعَاظٍ

Form VI: تَعَاظَى (taʕāẓā); Active participle

اِنْعِظَاء

Form VII: اِنْعَظَى (inʕaẓā); Verbal noun

مُنْعَظٍ

Form VII: اِنْعَظَى (inʕaẓā); Active participle


ع ف ف

related to refraining, to be remain back or hidden away from

عَافّ

Form I: عَفَّ (ʕaffa); Active participle

مُعَفِّف

Form II: عَفَّفَ (ʕaffafa); Active participle

مُعِفّ

Form IV: أَعَفَّ (ʔaʕaffa); Active participle

تَعَفُّف

Form V: تَعَفَّفَ (taʕaffafa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَفِّف

Form V: تَعَفَّفَ (taʕaffafa); Active participle

تَعَافّ

Form VI: تَعَافَّ (taʕāffa); Verbal noun

مُتَعَافّ

Form VI: تَعَافَّ (taʕāffa); Active participle

اِعْتِفَاف

Form VIII: اِعْتَفَّ (iʕtaffa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَفّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَفَّ (iʕtaffa); Active participle

اِسْتِعْفَاف

Form X: اِسْتَعَفَّ (istaʕaffa); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعِفّ

Form X: اِسْتَعَفَّ (istaʕaffa); Active participle


ن ع س

نَعَس

Form I: نَعَسَ (naʕasa, “to be sleepy”); Verbal noun

نَاعِس

Form I: نَعَسَ (naʕasa, “to be sleepy”); Active participle

تَنْعِيس

Form II: نَعَّسَ (naʕʕasa, “to make sleepy”); Verbal noun

مُنَعِّس

Form II: نَعَّسَ (naʕʕasa, “to make sleepy”); Active participle

إِنْعَاس

Form IV: أَنْعَسَ (ʔanʕasa, “to make sleepy”); Verbal noun

مُنْعِس

Form IV: أَنْعَسَ (ʔanʕasa, “to make sleepy”); Active participle

تَنَاعُس

Form VI: تَنَاعَسَ (tanāʕasa, “to pretend to be sleepy”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَاعِس

Form VI: تَنَاعَسَ (tanāʕasa, “to pretend to be sleepy”); Active participle


غ ل ب

غَلَب

Form I: غَلَبَ (ḡalaba, “to conquer, defeat, overcome”); Verbal noun

غَالِب

Form I: غَلَبَ (ḡalaba, “to conquer, defeat, overcome”); Active participle

مَغْلُوب

Form I: غَلِبَ (ḡaliba, “to be thick-necked, become thick-necked”); Active participle

تَغْلِيب

Form II: غَلَّبَ (ḡallaba, “to render victorious”); Verbal noun

مُغَلِّب

Form II: غَلَّبَ (ḡallaba, “to render victorious”); Active participle

مُغَالَبَة

Form III: غَالَبَ (ḡālaba, “to try to overcome, to vie with to overpower, to wrestle with”); Verbal noun

مُغَالِب

Form III: غَالَبَ (ḡālaba, “to try to overcome, to vie with to overpower, to wrestle with”); Active participle

تَغَلُّب

Form V: تَغَلَّبَ (taḡallaba, “to gain mastery over, to conquer; to outweigh”); Verbal noun

مُتَغَلِّب

Form V: تَغَلَّبَ (taḡallaba, “to gain mastery over, to conquer; to outweigh”); Active participle

تَغَالُب

Form VI: تَغَالَبَ (taḡālaba, “to vie one with another to take the town, to wrestle with one another”); Verbal noun

مُتَغَالِب

Form VI: تَغَالَبَ (taḡālaba, “to vie one with another to take the town, to wrestle with one another”); Active participle

اِنْغِلَاب

Form VII: اِنْغَلَبَ (inḡalaba, “to be overpowered”); Verbal noun

مُنْغَلِب

Form VII: اِنْغَلَبَ (inḡalaba, “to be overpowered”); Active participle

اِسْتِغْلَاب

Form X: اِسْتَغْلَبَ (istaḡlaba, “to become vehement in effect; to subdue”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَغْلِب

Form X: اِسْتَغْلَبَ (istaḡlaba, “to become vehement in effect; to subdue”); Active participle

اِغْلِيلَاب

Form XII: اِغْلَوْلَبَ (iḡlawlaba, “to become tangle, luxuriant, abundant, and dense, to attain full vigour and become convolute”); Verbal noun

مُغْلَوْلِب

Form XII: اِغْلَوْلَبَ (iḡlawlaba, “to become tangle, luxuriant, abundant, and dense, to attain full vigour and become convolute”); Active participle


ר־א־ש

head

ר־א־ש • (r-'-š)


*m(y)ówh₁-ti ~ m(y)uh₁-énti (o-grade root athematic verb)

Proto-Anatolian:

Hittite: [script needed] (ma-uš-zi)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mauˀtei

Lithuanian: mauti

Latgalian: maut (“to swim”)

⇒ Latvian: maudat

⇒ Lithuanian: maudyti

Proto-Slavic: *myti (“to wash”) (see there for further descendants)

*méyh₁w-ti ~ mih₁w-énti (root athematic verb with metathesis)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *míHwati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *míHwati

Sanskrit: मीवति (mī́vati)

Proto-Tocharian: *mäiw-

Tocharian B: miw-

*m(y)owh₁-éye-ti (causative)?

Proto-Italic: *moweō

Latin: moveō

Proto-Tocharian: *mäusk-

Tocharian A: musk-

Tocharian B: musk-

*mh₁w-éh₁-ti (stative, with metathesis)

Proto-Germanic: *mawēną (“to scrape”)

Old Norse: má (“to blot out, wear out”)

Icelandic: má

*muH-ó-s

Proto-Germanic: *muwwaz

Norwegian Nynorsk: mugg (“dust”)

Unsorted formations:

Proto-Tocharian:

Tocharian B: mäs-

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben


tpelH-

*tpólH-i-s

Proto-Hellenic: *ptólis

Ancient Greek: πτόλις (ptólis), πόλις (pólis)

*tpl̥H-i-s

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pilis

Latvian: pils

Lithuanian: pilìs

*tpĺ̥H

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pŕ̥H

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pŕ̥H

Sanskrit: पूर् (pū́r, nom. sg)

⇒ Sanskrit: पुर (pura) (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Sanskrit: पुरी (purī) (see there for further descendants)


welg-

*wolg-éyeti

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wálˀgīˀtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walg-

Latgalian: volgs, Latgalian: volgons, Latgalian: pavolgs

Latvian: valgs

Proto-Slavic: *volga (see there for further descendants)

Germanic: Proto-Germanic: *wulkaną (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations:

Albanian:

Proto-Albanian: *(u)la-n-g

Albanian: lëng

Proto-Albanian: *ulg(a)ma

Albanian: ulmej

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wilgtei

Lithuanian: vìlgti, vìlgyti

Latgalian: velgme

Latvian: vil̂gt, velgme, velgans

Old Prussian: welgen

Proto-Slavic: *vьlgnǫti, *vьlgъkъ (see there for further descendants)

A synonym *welk- with a different coda velar appears to exist, whence Proto-Celtic *wolkos (“rain, wet weather”), Latvian valks (“wet; creek”), Old Icelandic valgr (“wet, moist”) and Old High German welh (“wet; mild”).


화사

화사하다 화사하다#Korean

Root of 화사하다 (hwasahada, “to be splendid, to be exquisite”). Rarely used alone.


ע־ב־ד

A Central Semitic innovation; see the etymology at עֶבֶד for more. Cognate to Arabic ع ب د (ʕ b d, “related to working, serving”) and Classical Syriac ܥ-ܒ-ܕ (ʿ-b-d, “related to working, serving”).

Forms words pertaining to work or servitude.


(s)mel-

*(s)mél-o-s

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Lithuanian: mẽlas (“a lie”)

*(s)mél-es-

Proto-Hellenic: *mélehos

desc

Ancient Greek: μέλεος (méleos, “idle, useless”)

*(s)mól-o-s

Proto-Italic: *malos

q

Latin: malus (“unpleasant, bad”) (possibly, alternatively from *(s)meh₂l- (“small”), cf. *smalaz)

⇒ Proto-Italic: *malwos or *malyos

Oscan: mallom, malom (acc.sg.), mallud, malud (“bad, evil”, abl.sg.)

Proto-Tocharian:

Tocharian A: smale (“a lie”)

Armenian:

Old Armenian: մեղ (meł, “sin, crime”) (possibly)

Armenian: մեղք (meġkʻ)

⇒ Old Armenian: մեղմեխ (mełmex) (possibly, though disputed)

*(s)mel-s-os

desc

Proto-Celtic: *mellos (“destruction, confusion”)

Old Irish: mell (“error, confusion”)

⇒ Old Irish: millid (“to destroy”)

Proto-Hellenic: *mləspʰāmos

Ancient Greek: βλᾰ́σφημος (blásphēmos)

Unsorted formations

Armenian:

Old Armenian: մող (moł), մոլիմ (molim), մոլորիմ (molorim)

Uncertain; the connection between each form is semantically fine, however their isolation makes this reconstruction suspect.


ق ط ع

ar-root

ق ط ع • (q-ṭ-ʕ)

قَطْع

Form I: قَطَعَ (qaṭaʕa, “to cut, to break, to stop, to cease”); Verbal noun

قَاطِع

Form I: قَطَعَ (qaṭaʕa, “to cut, to break, to stop, to cease”); Active participle

مُقَطِّع

Form II: قَطَّعَ (qaṭṭaʕa); Active participle

مُقَاطَعَة

Form III: قَاطَعَ (qāṭaʕa, “to separate oneself from (construed with a direct object), renounce, cut one's acquaintance”); Verbal noun

مُقَاطِع

Form III: قَاطَعَ (qāṭaʕa, “to separate oneself from (construed with a direct object), renounce, cut one's acquaintance”); Active participle

إِقْطَاع

Form IV: أَقْطَعَ (ʔaqṭaʕa); Verbal noun

مُقْطِع

Form IV: أَقْطَعَ (ʔaqṭaʕa); Active participle

تَقَطُّع

Form V: تَقَطَّعَ (taqaṭṭaʕa); Verbal noun

مُتَقَطِّع

Form V: تَقَطَّعَ (taqaṭṭaʕa); Active participle

تَقَاطُع

Form VI: تَقَاطَعَ (taqāṭaʕa, “to get separated, get estranged”); Verbal noun

مُتَقَاطِع

Form VI: تَقَاطَعَ (taqāṭaʕa, “to get separated, get estranged”); Active participle

اِنْقِطَاع

Form VII: اِنْقَطَعَ (inqaṭaʕa, “to be cut off”); Verbal noun

مُنْقَطِع

Form VII: اِنْقَطَعَ (inqaṭaʕa, “to be cut off”); Active participle

اِقْتِطَاع

Form VIII: اِقْتَطَعَ (iqtaṭaʕa); Verbal noun

مُقْتَطِع

Form VIII: اِقْتَطَعَ (iqtaṭaʕa); Active participle

اِسْتِقْطَاع

Form X: اِسْتَقْطَعَ (istaqṭaʕa); Verbal noun

مُسْتَقْطِع

Form X: اِسْتَقْطَعَ (istaqṭaʕa); Active participle


ق ط ع

قاطع

Form I: قطع (ʔaṭaʕ, “to cut; to cross”); Active Participle

مقاطعة

Form III: قاطع (ʔāṭaʕ, “to boycott”); Noun Form

مقاطع

Form III: قاطع (ʔāṭaʕ, “to boycott”); Active Participle

انقطاع

Form VII: انقطع (inʔaṭaʕ, “to be cut, interrupted”); Noun Form


gʰrey-

Unsorted derivations:

Proto-Germanic: *grīmô (see there for further descendants)

Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: χρίω (khríō)

Balto-Slavic:

q

>? Lithuanian: griẽti (or possibly a variant with g- from *krey-, compare Latvian krìet (“to skim”))


(s)mal-

Unsorted formations:

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mṓˀlas

Proto-Slavic: *màlъ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *smalaz (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *malos

Latin: malus (possibly)


gʰer-

or <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*gʰér-ye-ti</i> with full-grade root

*gʰr̥-yé-ti (or *gʰér-ye-ti with full-grade root)

desctree

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰə́řřō
Ancient Greek: χαίρω (khaírō) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰʰáryati

Proto-Indo-Aryan:

Sanskrit: हर्यति (háryati)

Proto-Italic: *herjō (see there for further descendants)

*gʰr̥-t-ós

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰərtós

Ancient Greek: χαρτός (khartós)

>? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰr̥tás

Proto-Indo-Aryan:

q

the etymology of the root <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">हृ</i> (hṛ, “to take”) is debated

Sanskrit: हृत (hṛtá) (the etymology of the root हृ (hṛ, “to take”) is debated)

*gʰr̥-i-t-

Ancient Greek: χάρις (kháris)

*gʰēr-i-

Proto-Armenian:

Old Armenian: ձիր (jir)

Ancient Greek: χαρά (khará) (see there for further descendants)

*gʰér-mn̥

Ancient Greek: χάρμα (khárma)

Ancient Greek: χάρμη (khármē)

*gʰer-no-

Proto-Germanic: *gernaz (see there for further descendants)

Hellenic:

Ancient Greek: χράω (khráō)

Ancient Greek: χρηστός (khrēstós)

Ancient Greek: χρῄζω (khrḗizō)


gʰer-

*gʰrey-

>? *gʰren(H)dʰ-

*gʰrend-

>? *gʰrónd-ro-s

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰróndros

desc

>? Ancient Greek: χόνδρος (khóndros, “small mass; corn of grain; cartilage”) (see there for further descendants)

*gʰrewd- ~ *gʰr-eu-d- ~ *gʷrod-

Armenian:

Old Armenian: կորկոտ (korkot) < *gʷo-gʷrod- (perhaps)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Lithuanian: graudìnti (“to move, touch”)

Proto-Slavic: *gruditi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Latvian: grūst

Lithuanian: grūsti

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Latvian: gruds (“grain, corn”), grauds

Lithuanian: grūdas, graûds

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Proto-Baltic:

Lithuanian: grúodas (“frost; frozen mud or street dirt”)

→ Proto-Finnic: *routa (“frost on the ground”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Slavic: *grùda (“heap, lump”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *grautaz (“coarse, crude; big, large”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *greutaną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *greutą (“grit, rubble”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *grautiz

Proto-Germanic: *grūtiz, *grūtą

Proto-West Germanic:

desctree

Old English: grūt (“malt marsh”)
Middle English: growte, grout
English: grout

Old High German:

desc

Middle High German: grūz (“corn of sand or grain”)

→ Medieval Latin: grutum, grudum, grutdum (“flour, meal”)

desctree

Old Norse: grautr (“porridge”)
Icelandic: grautur
Faroese: greytur
Norwegian Nynorsk: graut
→ Norwegian Bokmål: graut
Swedish: gröt
Danish: grød
Norwegian Bokmål: grøt

*gʰrewh₂-, *gʰreh₂w-

⇒ *gʰrewh₂-ǵ(ʰ)-

⇒ *gʰrowǵ(ʰ)os

desc

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *grauˀźas (“crushed stone, gravel”)

Latvian: gruži pl (“crushed stone”)

Lithuanian: gráužas, graũžas (“gravel, coarse sand”)

Proto-Slavic: *gruzъ (“crushed stone, gravel”) (see there for further descendants)

⇒ *gʰrówh₂-mn̥ or *gʰróh₂u-mn̥

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrṓwmə

Ancient Greek: χρῶμα (khrôma, “color; skin”) (see there for further descendants)

⇒ *gʰrówh₂-s or *gʰróh₂u-s

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrṓws

Ancient Greek: χρώς (khrṓs, “color; skin”) (see there for further descendants)

⇒? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀀𐀒𐀫𐀸𐀁 (a-ko-ro-we-e /(h)akʰroweʰe/)

Proto-Balto-Slavic:

Latvian: gŗaût (“to destroy, demolish, bring down”)

Lithuanian: griáuti (“to destroy, demolish”)

Proto-Hellenic:

>? Ancient Greek: ἔχραον (ékhraon, “attack, assault”)

Proto-Italic: *grūō

Latin: *gruō

⇒? Latin: ingruō (“make an onslaught upon, attack, assail, fall on, threaten”)

Unsorted formations:

>? Proto-Italic: *grandis

⇒ Latin: grandis (“large”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰeráts

>? Ancient Greek: χεράς (kherás, “pebble, gravel”)

*gʰer-gʰr-o- (reduplicated)

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰénkʰros (with dissimilation r…r > n…r)

>? Ancient Greek: κέγχρος (kénkhros, “grain of millet”)

*gʰ-n̥-gʰr-u-s (reduplicated and infixed)?

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰə́kʰrus

>? Ancient Greek: κάχρυς (kákhrus) (but probably Pre-Greek)

*gʰér-mn̥

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰérmə

Ancient Greek: χέρμα (khérma)

Proto-Hellenic: *kʰermáts

>? Ancient Greek: χερμάς (khermás, “stone (for throwing)”)


ذ ك ر

Cognate with Aramaic ד־כ־ר (d-k-r) / Hebrew ז־כ־ר (z-k-r, “related to remembrance and maleness”).

ذِكْر

Form I: ذَكَرَ (ḏakara, “to remember, to recall”); Verbal noun

مُذَكَّر

تَذْكِير

Form II: ذَكَّرَ (ḏakkara, “to remind, to point out”); Verbal noun

اِسْتِذْكَار

Form X: اِسْتَذْكَرَ (istaḏkara, “to remember, to recall, to memorize”); Verbal noun

ذَاكِر

Form I: ذَكَرَ (ḏakara, “to remember, to recall”); Active participle

مُذَكِّر

Form II: ذَكَّرَ (ḏakkara, “to remind, to point out”); Active participle

تَذْكِير

Form II: ذَكَّرَ (ḏakkara, “to make masculine”); Verbal noun

مُذَكِّر

Form II: ذَكَّرَ (ḏakkara, “to make masculine”); Active participle

مُذَاكَرَة

Form III: ذَاكَرَ (ḏākara, “to parley, negotiate, to have a talk”); Verbal noun

مُذَاكِر

Form III: ذَاكَرَ (ḏākara, “to parley, negotiate, to have a talk”); Active participle

إِذْكَار

Form IV: أَذْكَرَ (ʔaḏkara, “to remind, to call to mind”); Verbal noun

مُذْكِر

Form IV: أَذْكَرَ (ʔaḏkara, “to remind, to call to mind”); Active participle

تَذَكُّر

Form V: تَذَكَّرَ (taḏakkara, “to remember, to bear in mind”), اِذَّكَّرَ (iḏḏakkara, “to remember, to bear in mind”); Verbal noun

مُتَذَكِّر

Form V: تَذَكَّرَ (taḏakkara, “to remember, to bear in mind”), اِذَّكَّرَ (iḏḏakkara, “to remember, to bear in mind”); Active participle

تَذَاكُر

Form VI: تَذَاكَرَ (taḏākara, “to remind one another of (something), to confer together, to have a talk”); Verbal noun

مُتَذَاكِر

Form VI: تَذَاكَرَ (taḏākara, “to remind one another of (something), to confer together, to have a talk”); Active participle

اِذِّكَار

Form VIII: اِذَّكَرَ (iḏḏakara, “to remember, to bear in mind”), اِدَّكَرَ (iddakara, “to remember, to bear in mind”); Verbal noun

مُذَّكِر

Form VIII: اِذَّكَرَ (iḏḏakara, “to remember, to bear in mind”), اِدَّكَرَ (iddakara, “to remember, to bear in mind”); Active participle

مُسْتَذْكِر

Form X: اِسْتَذْكَرَ (istaḏkara, “to remember, to recall, to memorize”); Active participle


ذ ك ر

متذكّر

Form V: تذكّر (tzakkar, “to remember”); Active Participle


ع ف و

عَفْو

Form I: عَفَا (ʕafā, “to obliterate, to eliminate the past mistakes, to forgive, to excuse, to desist”); Verbal noun

pardon, forgiveness, remission of sins, amnesty, absolution

عَافٍ

Form I: عَفَا (ʕafā, “to obliterate, to eliminate the past mistakes, to forgive, to excuse, to desist”); Active participle

مُعَافَاة

Form III: عَافَى (ʕāfā, “to heal (someone)”); Verbal noun

مُعَافٍ

Form III: عَافَى (ʕāfā, “to heal (someone)”); Active participle

إِعْفَاء

Form IV: أَعْفَى (ʔaʕfā, “to exempt”); Verbal noun

مُعْفٍ

Form IV: أَعْفَى (ʔaʕfā, “to exempt”); Active participle

اِسْتِعْفَاء

Form X: اِسْتَعْفَى (istaʕfā, “to request a pardon; to resign”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَعْفٍ

Form X: اِسْتَعْفَى (istaʕfā, “to request a pardon; to resign”); Active participle


युध्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyúts, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyúdʰs.


gul-

Proto-Georgian-Zan:

Old Georgian: გული (guli)

desc

Georgian: გული (guli), ⇒ ერთგული (ertguli, “faithful”)

Zan:

Laz: გური (guri), ⇒ ოგურუ (oguru, “to learn”)

Mingrelian: გური (guri), ⇒ გურიჭითა (gurič̣ita, “robin”, literally “red-breasted”), გურაფა (gurapa, “to learn”)

Svan: გუ̂ი (gûi), გვი (gvi), გუ (gu)


loḳ-

Proto-Georgian-Zan:

Georgian: ლოკვა (loḳva); (possibly) ლოკოკინა (loḳoḳina, “snail”)

Zan:

ო-ლოსკ-უ, ო-ლო(ს)ქ-უ

Laz: ო-ლოსკ-უ, ო-ლო(ს)ქ-უ (o-losǩ-u, o-lo(s)k-u)

Mingrelian: ლოკუა (loḳua), ლოტკუა (loṭḳua)

Svan: ლილო̂კე (lilôḳe)

According to most scholars, this root has an onomatopeic origin (Klimov, 1998; Fähnrich, 2007). The phonosemantic nature of the action of licking is visible in a large number of languages across the globe, which have the proto-type *lVp ~ *lVk ~ *lVt for the verb “to lick” and the noun “tongue”:
* Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”)
*:> English lick
*:> Ancient Greek λείχω (leíkhō, “to lick up”)
*:> Latin lingō (“to lick, lap”)
*:> Sanskrit रिहति (riháti, “to lick”) (Vedic), लिहति (lihati, “to lick”) (Classical)
* Proto-Semitic *laqq- (“to lick”)
*:> Hebrew לִקֵּק (likék, “to lick, lap”)
*:> Arabic لَعِقَ (laʕiqa, “to lick”)
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak (“to lick; tongue”)
*:> Old Chinese 食 (OC *ɦljɯɡ, “to eat”), 舐 (OC *ɦljeʔ, “to lick, lap”), 舌 (OC *ɦbljed, “tongue”)
*:> Tibetan ལྡག (ldag, “to lick”), ལྗགས (ljags, “tongue”) (formal)
*:> Burmese လျက် (lyak, “to lick”), လျှာ (hlya, “tongue”)
*:→ (likely) Proto-Hmong-Mien *mblet (“tongue”)
*::> White Hmong nplaig (“tongue”)
* Proto-Mon-Khmer *liət ~ lit (“to lick”)
*:> Khmer លិទ្ធ (lɨt, “to lick”)
* Proto-Dravidian *nakk- (“to lick”)
*:> Tamil நக்கு (nakku, “to lick, lap; licking”), நக்கல் (nakkal, “food taken by licking”), நாக்கு (nākku, “tongue”)
*:> Malayalam നക്കുക (nakkuka, “to lick”)
*:> Telugu నాకు (nāku, “to lick”)
* Proto-Austronesian *dilat ~ *dilap ~ *dilaq (“to lick”)
*:> Paiwan djilaq (“to lick”)
*:> Malay jilat (“to lick up”), lidah (“tongue”)
*:> Tagalog dila (“tongue”), mandila (“to stick out the tongue”)


*h₂po-h₁ém-os (“taken off”)

Proto-Italic: *poomos (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations:

Armenian:

desctree

Old Armenian: իմանամ (imanam)
Armenian: իմանալ (imanal), իմա (ima)

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *émtei (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Slavic: *jьměti (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Celtic: *emeti

⇒ Old Irish: ar·foím

q

preterite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">con·ói</i>

⇒ Old Irish: con·óiter (preterite of con·ói)

⇒ Old Irish: do·eim

Proto-Italic: *emō (see there for further descendants)

Possibly related to *nem- (“to take or give one's due”).


ه ر و

هَرْو

Form I: هَرَا (harā, “to cudgel, to club”); Verbal noun

هَارٍ

Form I: هَرَا (harā, “to cudgel, to club”); Active participle

مُهَرٍّ

Form II: هَرَّى (harrā); Active participle

مُهَارٍ

Form III: هَارَى (hārā); Active participle

مُتَهَرٍّ

Form V: تَهَرَّى (taharrā); Active participle


ع ق ق

عَقّ

Form I: عَقَّ (ʕaqqa, “to crook, to bend; to cleave, to rive”); Verbal noun

عَاقّ

Form I: عَقَّ (ʕaqqa, “to crook, to bend; to cleave, to rive”); Active participle

عُقُوق

Form I: عَقَّ (ʕaqqa, “to be recalcitrant, to be disobedient”); Verbal noun

عَاقّ

Form I: عَقَّ (ʕaqqa, “to be recalcitrant, to be disobedient”); Active participle

مُعِقّ

Form IV: أَعَقَّ (ʔaʕaqqa); Active participle

اِنْعِقَاق

Form VII: اِنْعَقَّ (inʕaqqa, “to split off; to become bent”); Verbal noun

مُنْعَقّ

Form VII: اِنْعَقَّ (inʕaqqa, “to split off; to become bent”); Active participle

اِعْتِقَاق

Form VIII: اِعْتَقَّ (iʕtaqqa); Verbal noun

مُعْتَقّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَقَّ (iʕtaqqa); Active participle

أَعَقّ

عَقّ (ʕaqq, “recalcitrant, disobedient”)


ط و ف

طَوْف

Form I: طَافَ (ṭāfa, “to go around, to circumgyrate”); Verbal noun

طَائِف

Form I: طَافَ (ṭāfa, “to go around, to circumgyrate”); Active participle

تَطْوِيف

Form II: طَوَّفَ (ṭawwafa, “to make go around”); Verbal noun

مُطَوِّف

Form II: طَوَّفَ (ṭawwafa, “to make go around”); Active participle

إِطَافَة

Form IV: أَطَافَ (ʔaṭāfa, “to orbit”); Verbal noun

مُطِيف

Form IV: أَطَافَ (ʔaṭāfa, “to orbit”); Active participle

تَطَوُّف

Form V: تَطَوَّفَ (taṭawwafa, “to itinerate”), اِطَّوَّفَ (iṭṭawwafa, “to itinerate”); Verbal noun

مُتَطَوِّف

Form V: تَطَوَّفَ (taṭawwafa, “to itinerate”), اِطَّوَّفَ (iṭṭawwafa, “to itinerate”); Active participle

اِطِّيَاف

Form VIII: اِطَّافَ (iṭṭāfa); Verbal noun

مُطَّاف

Form VIII: اِطَّافَ (iṭṭāfa); Active participle

اِسْتِطَافَة

Form X: اِسْتَطَافَ (istaṭāfa); Verbal noun

مُسْتَطِيف

Form X: اِسْتَطَافَ (istaṭāfa); Active participle


Proto-Germanic: *fijāną (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *patos

⇒ Latin: patior (see there for further descendants)

*péh₁-mn̥ ~ *ph₁-mén-s

Proto-Hellenic: *pēmə

Ancient Greek: πῆμα (pêma)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *paHmā́ (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations:

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *píHyati

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *píHyati

Sanskrit: पीयति (pī́yati)


د ل و

Related to Ge'ez ደለወ (däläwä, “to weigh”) and its derivative stems, Old South Arabian 𐩣𐩵𐩡𐩥 (mdlw, “weight”), Hebrew דָּלָה (dālā, “to draw from a well”), Akkadian 𒁕𒇻𒌑 (/dalû/, “to draw water from a well”), Classical Syriac ܕܠܳܐ (dəlā, “to drag out”).

cog

دَلْو

Form I: دَلَا (dalā, “to dangle, to droop; to suspend, to let down”); Verbal noun

دَالٍ

Form I: دَلَا (dalā, “to dangle, to droop; to suspend, to let down”); Active participle

تَدْلِيَة

Form II: دَلَّى (dallā, “to hang down”); Verbal noun

مُدَلٍّ

Form II: دَلَّى (dallā, “to hang down”); Active participle

مُدَالٍ

Form III: دَالَى (dālā); Active participle

إِدْلَاء

Form IV: أَدْلَى (ʔadlā, “to bring down, to set forth”); Verbal noun

مُدْلٍ

Form IV: أَدْلَى (ʔadlā, “to bring down, to set forth”); Active participle

تَدَلٍّ

Form V: تَدَلَّى (tadallā, “to dangle, to hang”); Verbal noun

مُتَدَلٍّ

Form V: تَدَلَّى (tadallā, “to dangle, to hang”); Active participle

اِدْلِيلَاء

Form XII: اِدْلَوْلَى (idlawlā); Verbal noun

مُدْلَوْلٍ

Form XII: اِدْلَوْلَى (idlawlā); Active participle


Proto-Georgian-Zan

Georgian: ძეხვი (ʒexvi)

Svan: ჟა̈ჴ (žäq)


ش ل ل

شَلِيل

undergarment under a coat of mail; remaining water in a wadi; medulla spinalis

إِشْلَال

Form IV: أَشَلَّ (ʔašalla, “to lame, to paralyze; to drive, to propel”); Verbal noun

اِنْشِلَال

Form VII: اِنْشَلَّ (inšalla, “to be lame; to be propelled”); Verbal noun

related to lameness; taking away the ability to use a limb

شَلّ

Form I: شَلَّ (šalla, “to be lame; to lame; to drive, to propel”); Verbal noun

مَشْلُول

related to driving away; pouring forth from a place

شَالّ

Form I: شَلَّ (šalla, “to be lame; to lame; to drive, to propel”); Active participle

مُشِلّ

Form IV: أَشَلَّ (ʔašalla, “to lame, to paralyze; to drive, to propel”); Active participle

مُنْشَلّ

Form VII: اِنْشَلَّ (inšalla, “to be lame; to be propelled”); Active participle


ر ج م

مُرَجِّم

Form II: رَجَّمَ (rajjama); Active participle

مُرَاجَمَة

Form III: رَاجَمَ (rājama, “to fight somebody by throwing stones, to lapidate”); Verbal noun

مُرَاجِم

Form III: رَاجَمَ (rājama, “to fight somebody by throwing stones, to lapidate”); Active participle

تَرَاجُم

Form VI: تَرَاجَمَ (tarājama, “to lapidate each other”); Verbal noun

مُتَرَاجِم

Form VI: تَرَاجَمَ (tarājama, “to lapidate each other”); Active participle

اِرْتِجَام

Form VIII: اِرْتَجَمَ (irtajama); Verbal noun

مُرْتَجِم

Form VIII: اِرْتَجَمَ (irtajama); Active participle

رَجْم

Form I: رَجَمَ (rajama, “to stone; to curse”); Verbal noun

رَاجِم

Form I: رَجَمَ (rajama, “to stone; to curse”); Active participle


ن م ي

نَمْي

Form I: نَمَى (namā, “to grow”); Verbal noun

نَامٍ

Form I: نَمَى (namā, “to grow”); Active participle

تَنْمِيَة

Form II: نَمَّى (nammā, “to grow, to raise”); Verbal noun

مُنَمٍّ

Form II: نَمَّى (nammā, “to grow, to raise”); Active participle

إِنْمَاء

Form IV: أَنْمَى (ʔanmā, “to grow, to cultivate”); Verbal noun

مُنْمٍ

Form IV: أَنْمَى (ʔanmā, “to grow, to cultivate”); Active participle

مُتَنَمٍّ

Form V: تَنَمَّى (tanammā); Active participle

تَنَامٍ

Form VI: تَنَامَى (tanāmā, “to grow steadily”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَامٍ

Form VI: تَنَامَى (tanāmā, “to grow steadily”); Active participle

اِنْتِمَاء

Form VIII: اِنْتَمَى (intamā, “to descend from, to belong to”); Verbal noun

مُنْتَمٍ

Form VIII: اِنْتَمَى (intamā, “to descend from, to belong to”); Active participle


س ل ل

سَلِيلَة

female descendant; oblong strips of muscles or hide; a long slice of material; polyp

تَسَلُّل

Form V: تَسَلَّلَ (tasallala, “to sneak”); Verbal noun

related to gentle slipping away or forward

سَلّ

Form I: سَلَّ (salla, “to pull out gently”); Verbal noun

سَالّ

Form I: سَلَّ (salla, “to pull out gently”); Active participle

إِسْلَال

Form IV: أَسَلَّ (ʔasalla, “to pull out gently”); Verbal noun

مُسِلّ

Form IV: أَسَلَّ (ʔasalla, “to pull out gently”); Active participle

مُتَسَلِّل

Form V: تَسَلَّلَ (tasallala, “to sneak”); Active participle

اِنْسِلَال

Form VII: اِنْسَلَّ (insalla, “to sneak”); Verbal noun

مُنْسَلّ

Form VII: اِنْسَلَّ (insalla, “to sneak”); Active participle

اِسْتِلَال

Form VIII: اِسْتَلَّ (istalla, “to unsheathe”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَلّ

Form VIII: اِسْتَلَّ (istalla, “to unsheathe”); Active participle


ء ب ر

آبِر

Form I: أَبَرَ (ʔabara, “to pinch, to prick”); Active participle

تَأْبِير

Form II: أَبَّرَ (ʔabbara, “to fecundate, to pollinate”); Verbal noun

مُؤَبِّر

Form II: أَبَّرَ (ʔabbara, “to fecundate, to pollinate”); Active participle

تَأَبُّر

Form V: تَأَبَّرَ (taʔabbara, “to let oneself be fecundated”); Verbal noun

مُتَأَبِّر

Form V: تَأَبَّرَ (taʔabbara, “to let oneself be fecundated”); Active participle

اِئْتِبَار

Form VIII: اِئْتَبَرَ (iʔtabara); Verbal noun

مُؤْتَبِر

Form VIII: اِئْتَبَرَ (iʔtabara); Active participle


ق ض ب

قَضْب

Form I: قَضَبَ (qaḍaba, “to trim, to prune”); Verbal noun

قَاضِب

Form I: قَضَبَ (qaḍaba, “to trim, to prune”); Active participle

تَقْضِيب

Form II: قَضَّبَ (qaḍḍaba, “to trim, to prune”); Verbal noun

مُقَضِّب

Form II: قَضَّبَ (qaḍḍaba, “to trim, to prune”); Active participle

إِقْضَاب

Form IV: أَقْضَبَ (ʔaqḍaba); Verbal noun

مُقْضِب

Form IV: أَقْضَبَ (ʔaqḍaba); Active participle

تَقَضُّب

Form V: تَقَضَّبَ (taqaḍḍaba, “to be trimmed”); Verbal noun

مُتَقَضِّب

Form V: تَقَضَّبَ (taqaḍḍaba, “to be trimmed”); Active participle

اِنْقِضَاب

Form VII: اِنْقَضَبَ (inqaḍaba, “to be trimmed”); Verbal noun

مُنْقَضِب

Form VII: اِنْقَضَبَ (inqaḍaba, “to be trimmed”); Active participle

اِقْتِضَاب

Form VIII: اِقْتَضَبَ (iqtaḍaba, “to abridge”); Verbal noun

مُقْتَضِب

Form VIII: اِقْتَضَبَ (iqtaḍaba, “to abridge”); Active participle


ن م و

نُمُوّ

Form I: نَمَا (namā, “to grow”); Verbal noun

نَامٍ

Form I: نَمَا (namā, “to grow”); Active participle

تَنْمِيَة

Form II: نَمَّى (nammā, “to grow, to raise”); Verbal noun

مُنَمٍّ

Form II: نَمَّى (nammā, “to grow, to raise”); Active participle

إِنْمَاء

Form IV: أَنْمَى (ʔanmā, “to grow, to cultivate”); Verbal noun

مُنْمٍ

Form IV: أَنْمَى (ʔanmā, “to grow, to cultivate”); Active participle

مُتَنَمٍّ

Form V: تَنَمَّى (tanammā); Active participle

تَنَامٍ

Form VI: تَنَامَى (tanāmā, “to grow steadily”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَامٍ

Form VI: تَنَامَى (tanāmā, “to grow steadily”); Active participle

اِنْتِمَاء

Form VIII: اِنْتَمَى (intamā, “to descend from, to belong to”); Verbal noun

مُنْتَمٍ

Form VIII: اِنْتَمَى (intamā, “to descend from, to belong to”); Active participle


س ل ب

related to snatching, robbing, taking away, depriving

سَلْب

Form I: سَلَبَ (salaba, “to rape, to seize, to take away, to rob”); Verbal noun

سَالِب

Form I: سَلَبَ (salaba, “to rape, to seize, to take away, to rob”); Active participle

سَلَب

Form I: سَلِبَ (saliba, “to dress in mourning clothes”); Verbal noun

Form I: سَلِبَ (saliba, “to dress in mourning clothes”); Active participle

تَسْلِيب

Form II: سَلَّبَ (sallaba, “to put mourning clothes onto”); Verbal noun

مُسَلِّب

Form II: سَلَّبَ (sallaba, “to put mourning clothes onto”); Active participle

إِسْلَاب

Form IV: أَسْلَبَ (ʔaslaba, “to lose one’s fetus”); Verbal noun

مُسْلِب

Form IV: أَسْلَبَ (ʔaslaba, “to lose one’s fetus”); Active participle

تَسَلُّب

Form V: تَسَلَّبَ (tasallaba, “to put on mourning attire”); Verbal noun

مُتَسَلِّب

Form V: تَسَلَّبَ (tasallaba, “to put on mourning attire”); Active participle

اِنْسِلَاب

Form VII: اِنْسَلَبَ (insalaba, “to advance very fast”); Verbal noun

مُنْسَلِب

Form VII: اِنْسَلَبَ (insalaba, “to advance very fast”); Active participle

اِسْتِلَاب

Form VIII: اِسْتَلَبَ (istalaba, “to rape, to seize, to take away, to rob”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَلِب

Form VIII: اِسْتَلَبَ (istalaba, “to rape, to seize, to take away, to rob”); Active participle


ء ر ق

أَرَق

Form I: أَرِقَ (ʔariqa, “to be sleepless”); Verbal noun

Form I: أَرِقَ (ʔariqa, “to be sleepless”); Active participle

تَأْرِيق

Form II: أَرَّقَ (ʔarraqa, “to make sleepless”); Verbal noun

مُؤَرِّق

Form II: أَرَّقَ (ʔarraqa, “to make sleepless”); Active participle

إِيرَاق

Form IV: آرَقَ (ʔāraqa, “to make sleepless”); Verbal noun

مُؤْرِق

Form IV: آرَقَ (ʔāraqa, “to make sleepless”); Active participle

اِئْتِرَاق

Form VIII: اِئْتَرَقَ (iʔtaraqa, “to vigilate, to be unable to sleep”); Verbal noun

مُؤْتَرِق

Form VIII: اِئْتَرَقَ (iʔtaraqa, “to vigilate, to be unable to sleep”); Active participle


ح ض ن

ar-root

ح ض ن • (ḥ-ḍ-n)

حَضْن

Form I: حَضَنَ (ḥaḍana, “to embrace; to rear”); Verbal noun

حَاضِن

Form I: حَضَنَ (ḥaḍana, “to embrace; to rear”); Active participle

إِحْضَان

Form IV: أَحْضَنَ (ʔaḥḍana, “to relieve, to unhitch”); Verbal noun

مُحْضِن

Form IV: أَحْضَنَ (ʔaḥḍana, “to relieve, to unhitch”); Active participle

تَحَاضُن

Form VI: تَحَاضَنَ (taḥāḍana, “to embrace each other”); Verbal noun

مُتَحَاضِن

Form VI: تَحَاضَنَ (taḥāḍana, “to embrace each other”); Active participle

اِحْتِضَان

Form VIII: اِحْتَضَنَ (iḥtaḍana, “to take into arms, to embrace; to host”); Verbal noun

مُحْتَضِن

Form VIII: اِحْتَضَنَ (iḥtaḍana, “to take into arms, to embrace; to host”); Active participle


س ن و

مُسَنٍّ

Form II: سَنَّى (sannā); Active participle

مُسْنٍ

Form IV: أَسْنَى (ʔasnā); Active participle

مُتَسَنٍّ

Form V: تَسَنَّى (tasannā); Active participle

مُسَانٍ

Form III: سَانَى (sānā); Active participle

اِسْتِنَاء

Form VIII: اِسْتَنَى (istanā); Verbal noun

مُسْتَنٍ

Form VIII: اِسْتَنَى (istanā); Active participle


خ ر ف

خَرِيف

leaves fallen in autumn; autumn; river watering a garden; autumn rain

خَرْف

Form I: خَرَفَ (ḵarafa, “to pluck off”); Verbal noun

خَارِف

Form I: خَرَفَ (ḵarafa, “to pluck off”); Active participle

خَرَف

Form I: خَرِفَ (ḵarifa, “to be senile, to lose fruits”); Verbal noun

Form I: خَرِفَ (ḵarifa, “to be senile, to lose fruits”); Active participle

تَخْرِيف

Form II: خَرَّفَ (ḵarrafa, “to blather; to call somebody senile”); Verbal noun

مُخَرِّف

Form II: خَرَّفَ (ḵarrafa, “to blather; to call somebody senile”); Active participle

مُخَارَفَة

Form III: خَارَفَ (ḵārafa, “to deal with someone in autumn”); Verbal noun

مُخَارِف

Form III: خَارَفَ (ḵārafa, “to deal with someone in autumn”); Active participle

إِخْرَاف

Form IV: أَخْرَفَ (ʔaḵrafa, “to enter autumn; to spoil, to corrupt”); Verbal noun

مُخْرِف

Form IV: أَخْرَفَ (ʔaḵrafa, “to enter autumn; to spoil, to corrupt”); Active participle

اِخْتِرَاف

Form VIII: اِخْتَرَفَ (iḵtarafa, “to pluck off”); Verbal noun

مُخْتَرِف

Form VIII: اِخْتَرَفَ (iḵtarafa, “to pluck off”); Active participle


ج ن ي

جَنْي

Form I: جَنَى (janā, “to gather”); Verbal noun

جَانٍ

Form I: جَنَى (janā, “to gather”); Active participle

جِنَايَة

Form I: جَنَى (janā, “to commit a crime”); Verbal noun

جَانٍ

Form I: جَنَى (janā, “to commit a crime”); Active participle

إِجْنَاء

Form IV: أَجْنَى (ʔajnā, “to have ripe fruits, to abundate”); Verbal noun

مُجْنٍ

Form IV: أَجْنَى (ʔajnā, “to have ripe fruits, to abundate”); Active participle

تَجَنٍّ

Form V: تَجَنَّى (tajannā, “to incriminate”); Verbal noun

مُتَجَنٍّ

Form V: تَجَنَّى (tajannā, “to incriminate”); Active participle

اِجْتِنَاء

Form VIII: اِجْتَنَى (ijtanā, “to gather, to reap”); Verbal noun

مُجْتَنٍ

Form VIII: اِجْتَنَى (ijtanā, “to gather, to reap”); Active participle


ر م ي

رَمْي

Form I: رَمَى (ramā, “to throw; to shoot”); Verbal noun

رَامٍ

Form I: رَمَى (ramā, “to throw; to shoot”); Active participle

مُرَامَاة

Form III: رَامَى (rāmā, “to confront someone by throwing”); Verbal noun

مُرَامٍ

Form III: رَامَى (rāmā, “to confront someone by throwing”); Active participle

إِرْمَاء

Form IV: أَرْمَى (ʔarmā, “to throw down”); Verbal noun

مُرْمٍ

Form IV: أَرْمَى (ʔarmā, “to throw down”); Active participle

تَرَامٍ

Form VI: تَرَامَى (tarāmā, “to throw at each other; to throw oneself, to plunge”); Verbal noun

مُتَرَامٍ

Form VI: تَرَامَى (tarāmā, “to throw at each other; to throw oneself, to plunge”); Active participle

اِرْتِمَاء

Form VIII: اِرْتَمَى (irtamā, “to throw oneself, to plunge”); Verbal noun

مُرْتَمٍ

Form VIII: اِرْتَمَى (irtamā, “to throw oneself, to plunge”); Active participle

رِمَايَة

throwing as a discipline; shooting as a discipline

مَرْمى

place to be thrown at; place to be shot at


ن ض و

نَضْو

Form I: نَضَا (naḍā, “to take off; to undress; to dwindle”); Verbal noun

نَاضٍ

Form I: نَضَا (naḍā, “to take off; to undress; to dwindle”); Active participle

تَنْضِيَة

Form II: نَضَّى (naḍḍā, “to take off”); Verbal noun

مُنَضٍّ

Form II: نَضَّى (naḍḍā, “to take off”); Active participle

إِنْضَاء

Form IV: أَنْضَى (ʔanḍā, “to emaciate, to wear out”); Verbal noun

مُنْضٍ

Form IV: أَنْضَى (ʔanḍā, “to emaciate, to wear out”); Active participle

تَنَضٍّ

Form V: تَنَضَّى (tanaḍḍā, “to emaciate”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَضٍّ

Form V: تَنَضَّى (tanaḍḍā, “to emaciate”); Active participle

اِنْتِضَاء

Form VIII: اِنْتَضَى (intaḍā, “to unsheathe; to wear out”); Verbal noun

مُنْتَضٍ

Form VIII: اِنْتَضَى (intaḍā, “to unsheathe; to wear out”); Active participle


ر ص ف

رَصْف

Form I: رَصَفَ (raṣafa, “to pave; to array, to line up”); Verbal noun

رَاصِف

Form I: رَصَفَ (raṣafa, “to pave; to array, to line up”); Active participle

رَصَافَة

Form I: رَصُفَ (raṣufa, “to be or become steady, firm, compact”); Verbal noun

Form I: رَصُفَ (raṣufa, “to be or become steady, firm, compact”); Active participle

تَرْصِيف

Form II: رَصَّفَ (raṣṣafa, “to pave”); Verbal noun

مُرَصِّف

Form II: رَصَّفَ (raṣṣafa, “to pave”); Active participle

إِرْصَاف

Form IV: أَرْصَفَ (ʔarṣafa); Verbal noun

مُرْصِف

Form IV: أَرْصَفَ (ʔarṣafa); Active participle

تَرَاصُف

Form VI: تَرَاصَفَ (tarāṣafa); Verbal noun

مُتَرَاصِف

Form VI: تَرَاصَفَ (tarāṣafa); Active participle

اِرْتِصَاف

Form VIII: اِرْتَصَفَ (irtaṣafa); Verbal noun

مُرْتَصِف

Form VIII: اِرْتَصَفَ (irtaṣafa); Active participle

رَصِيف

firm, solid; platform, pier, perron; colleague


غ ن م

Form I: غَنِمَ (ḡanima); Active participle

مُغَنِّم

Form II: غَنَّمَ (ḡannama); Active participle

إِغْنَام

Form IV: أَغْنَمَ (ʔaḡnama); Verbal noun

مُغْنِم

Form IV: أَغْنَمَ (ʔaḡnama); Active participle

تَغَنُّم

Form V: تَغَنَّمَ (taḡannama); Verbal noun

مُتَغَنِّم

Form V: تَغَنَّمَ (taḡannama); Active participle

اِغْتِنَام

Form VIII: اِغْتَنَمَ (iḡtanama); Verbal noun

مُغْتَنِم

Form VIII: اِغْتَنَمَ (iḡtanama); Active participle


ف ر ث

فَرْث

Form I: فَرَثَ (faraṯa, “to scatter”); Verbal noun

فَارِث

Form I: فَرَثَ (faraṯa, “to scatter”); Active participle

فَرَث

Form I: فَرِثَ (fariṯa, “to become scattered”); Verbal noun

Form I: فَرِثَ (fariṯa, “to become scattered”); Active participle

مُفَرِّث

Form II: فَرَّثَ (farraṯa); Active participle

إِفْرَاث

Form IV: أَفْرَثَ (ʔafraṯa, “to split so the entrails scatter”); Verbal noun

مُفْرِث

Form IV: أَفْرَثَ (ʔafraṯa, “to split so the entrails scatter”); Active participle

تَفَرُّث

Form V: تَفَرَّثَ (tafarraṯa, “to become separated, to become dispersed”); Verbal noun

مُتَفَرِّث

Form V: تَفَرَّثَ (tafarraṯa, “to become separated, to become dispersed”); Active participle

اِنْفِرَاث

Form VII: اِنْفَرَثَ (infaraṯa, “to become scattered”); Verbal noun

مُنْفَرِث

Form VII: اِنْفَرَثَ (infaraṯa, “to become scattered”); Active participle


ن ف ل

related to supererogation (doing more than is required)

نَفْل

Form I: نَفَلَ (nafala, “to munerate”); Verbal noun

نَافِل

Form I: نَفَلَ (nafala, “to munerate”); Active participle

تَنْفِيل

Form II: نَفَّلَ (naffala, “to munerate”); Verbal noun

مُنَفِّل

Form II: نَفَّلَ (naffala, “to munerate”); Active participle

إِنْفَال

Form IV: أَنْفَلَ (ʔanfala, “to munerate”); Verbal noun

مُنْفِل

Form IV: أَنْفَلَ (ʔanfala, “to munerate”); Active participle

تَنَفُّل

Form V: تَنَفَّلَ (tanaffala, “to do more than owed”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَفِّل

Form V: تَنَفَّلَ (tanaffala, “to do more than owed”); Active participle

اِنْتِفَال

Form VIII: اِنْتَفَلَ (intafala, “to do more than owed”); Verbal noun

مُنْتَفِل

Form VIII: اِنْتَفَلَ (intafala, “to do more than owed”); Active participle


غ ط ر س

غ ط ر س • (ḡ-ṭ-r-s)

غَطْرَسَة

Form Iq: غَطْرَسَ (ḡaṭrasa); Verbal noun

مُغَطْرِس

Form Iq: غَطْرَسَ (ḡaṭrasa); Active participle

تَغَطْرُس

Form IIq: تَغَطْرَسَ (taḡaṭrasa); Verbal noun

مُتَغَطْرِس

Form IIq: تَغَطْرَسَ (taḡaṭrasa); Active participle


ن م م

نَامّ

Form I: نَمَّ (namma); Active participle


*h₂eh₃-mó-s (see there for further descendants)

*h₂éh₃-mr̥ (see there for further descendants)


ف و ح

مُفَوِّح

Form II: فَوَّحَ (fawwaḥa); Active participle

مُفِيح

Form IV: أَفَاحَ (ʔafāḥa); Active participle

تَفَاوُح

Form VI: تَفَاوَحَ (tafāwaḥa); Verbal noun

مُتَفَاوِح

Form VI: تَفَاوَحَ (tafāwaḥa); Active participle


س ك ك

سَاكّ

Form I: سَكَّ (sakka, “to lock; to dung; to mint”); Active participle

مَسْكُوك

Form I: سَكَّ (sakka, “to be small in the ear”); Active participle

تَسَكُّك

Form V: تَسَكَّكَ (tasakkaka, “to be humiliated”); Verbal noun

مُتَسَكِّك

Form V: تَسَكَّكَ (tasakkaka, “to be humiliated”); Active participle

اِنْسِكَاك

Form VII: اِنْسَكَّ (insakka, “to be locked”); Verbal noun

مُنْسَكّ

Form VII: اِنْسَكَّ (insakka, “to be locked”); Active participle

اِسْتِكَاك

Form VIII: اِسْتَكَّ (istakka, “to become deaf, to be deaf”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَكّ

Form VIII: اِسْتَكَّ (istakka, “to become deaf, to be deaf”); Active participle

سَكّ

nail; straight building; straight excavation; narrow-ringed coat of mail; die


غ ل ق

غَالِق

Form I: غَلَقَ (ḡalaqa); Active participle

Form I: غَلِقَ (ḡaliqa); Active participle

مُغَلِّق

Form II: غَلَّقَ (ḡallaqa); Active participle

مُغَالِق

Form III: غَالَقَ (ḡālaqa); Active participle

إِغْلَاق

Form IV: أَغْلَقَ (ʔaḡlaqa); Verbal noun

مُغْلِق

Form IV: أَغْلَقَ (ʔaḡlaqa); Active participle

اِنْغِلَاق

Form VII: اِنْغَلَقَ (inḡalaqa); Verbal noun

مُنْغَلِق

Form VII: اِنْغَلَقَ (inḡalaqa); Active participle

اِسْتِغْلَاق

Form X: اِسْتَغْلَقَ (istaḡlaqa); Verbal noun

مُسْتَغْلِق

Form X: اِسْتَغْلَقَ (istaḡlaqa); Active participle


ت ر ب

For the semantic development to denote contemporaries and comrades, compare the völkisch usage of German Boden or staubgeboren, or Russian земля́ (zemljá, “soil, country”) and земля́к (zemlják, “compatriot”).

m+

تَرْب

Form I: تَرَبَ (taraba, “to soil”); Verbal noun

تَارِب

Form I: تَرَبَ (taraba, “to soil”); Active participle

تَرَب

Form I: تَرِبَ (tariba, “to have soil adherent”); Verbal noun

Form I: تَرِبَ (tariba, “to have soil adherent”); Active participle

تَتْرِيب

Form II: تَرَّبَ (tarraba, “to soil”); Verbal noun

مُتَرِّب

Form II: تَرَّبَ (tarraba, “to soil”); Active participle

مُتَارَبَة

Form III: تَارَبَ (tāraba, “to be contemporary to; to associate with”); Verbal noun

مُتَارِب

Form III: تَارَبَ (tāraba, “to be contemporary to; to associate with”); Active participle

إِتْرَاب

Form IV: أَتْرَبَ (ʔatraba, “to soil”); Verbal noun

مُتْرِب

Form IV: أَتْرَبَ (ʔatraba, “to soil”); Active participle

تَتَرُّب

Form V: تَتَرَّبَ (tatarraba, “to be covered with soil”); Verbal noun

مُتَتَرِّب

Form V: تَتَرَّبَ (tatarraba, “to be covered with soil”); Active participle


raa

Cognates include Minica Huitoto raa and Nüpode Huitoto raa.

Classifier (linguistics)
Root (linguistics)


-KʼĮH

Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *qʼəy (“birch”).
Cognates found in Koyukon dodaalkkʼeyh (“it is layered”) and Dena'ina tqʼey (“it is shingled with bark”).


ج ث م

جَثْم

Form I: جَثَمَ (jaṯama, “to crouch”); Verbal noun

جَاثِم

Form I: جَثَمَ (jaṯama, “to crouch”); Active participle

تَجْثِيم

Form II: جَثَّمَ (jaṯṯama, “to make crouch”); Verbal noun

مُجَثِّم

Form II: جَثَّمَ (jaṯṯama, “to make crouch”); Active participle

تَجَثُّم

Form V: تَجَثَّمَ (tajaṯṯama); Verbal noun

مُتَجَثِّم

Form V: تَجَثَّمَ (tajaṯṯama); Active participle


ج ث و

جُثُوّ

Form I: جَثَا (jaṯā, “to kneel”); Verbal noun

جَاثٍ

Form I: جَثَا (jaṯā, “to kneel”); Active participle

مُجَاثَاة

Form III: جَاثَى (jāṯā, “to put the knees against the knees of”); Verbal noun

مُجَاثٍ

Form III: جَاثَى (jāṯā, “to put the knees against the knees of”); Active participle

إِجْثَاء

Form IV: أَجْثَى (ʔajṯā, “to make kneel”); Verbal noun

مُجْثٍ

Form IV: أَجْثَى (ʔajṯā, “to make kneel”); Active participle

تَجَاثٍ

Form VI: تَجَاثَى (tajāṯā, “to put the knees against each other”); Verbal noun

مُتَجَاثٍ

Form VI: تَجَاثَى (tajāṯā, “to put the knees against each other”); Active participle


ح و ز

حَائِز

Form I: حَازَ (ḥāza, “to obtain”); Active participle

تَحْوِيز

Form II: حَوَّزَ (ḥawwaza, “to drive (camels)”); Verbal noun

مُحَوِّز

Form II: حَوَّزَ (ḥawwaza, “to drive (camels)”); Active participle

تَحَوُّز

Form V: تَحَوَّزَ (taḥawwaza, “to writhe; to remove oneself”); Verbal noun

مُتَحَوِّز

Form V: تَحَوَّزَ (taḥawwaza, “to writhe; to remove oneself”); Active participle

تَحَوُّز

Form V: تَحَيَّزَ (taḥayyaza, “to writhe; to remove oneself; to be biased”); Verbal noun

مُتَحَوِّز

Form V: تَحَيَّزَ (taḥayyaza, “to writhe; to remove oneself; to be biased”); Active participle

تَحَاوُز

Form VI: تَحَاوَزَ (taḥāwaza, “to sever oneself”); Verbal noun

مُتَحَاوِز

Form VI: تَحَاوَزَ (taḥāwaza, “to sever oneself”); Active participle

اِنْحِيَاز

Form VII: اِنْحَازَ (inḥāza, “to separate oneself; to be biased”); Verbal noun

مُنْحَاز

Form VII: اِنْحَازَ (inḥāza, “to separate oneself; to be biased”); Active participle

اِحْتِيَاز

Form VIII: اِحْتَازَ (iḥtāza, “to take possession of”); Verbal noun

مُحْتَاز

Form VIII: اِحْتَازَ (iḥtāza, “to take possession of”); Active participle


ن ج ل

related to thrusting, pouring out, things being caused to creep out

نَاجِل

Form I: نَجَلَ (najala); Active participle

Form I: نَجِلَ (najila); Active participle

إِنْجَال

Form IV: أَنْجَلَ (ʔanjala); Verbal noun

مُنْجِل

Form IV: أَنْجَلَ (ʔanjala); Active participle

تَنَاجُل

Form VI: تَنَاجَلَ (tanājala); Verbal noun

مُتَنَاجِل

Form VI: تَنَاجَلَ (tanājala); Active participle

اِنْتِجَال

Form VIII: اِنْتَجَلَ (intajala); Verbal noun

مُنْتَجِل

Form VIII: اِنْتَجَلَ (intajala); Active participle

اِسْتِنْجَال

Form X: اِسْتَنْجَلَ (istanjala); Verbal noun

مُسْتَنْجِل

Form X: اِسْتَنْجَلَ (istanjala); Active participle

أَنْجَل

having widely open eyes, widely open (of an eye)


و خ م

وَخِيم

troubled in the stomach; troubling to the stomach

وَخَم

Form I: وَخِمَ (waḵima, “to suffer indigestion, to be trouble with glut”); Verbal noun

Form I: وَخِمَ (waḵima, “to suffer indigestion, to be trouble with glut”); Active participle

وَخَامَة

Form I: وَخُمَ (waḵuma, “to be unhealthy, to be stodgy”); Verbal noun

Form I: وَخُمَ (waḵuma, “to be unhealthy, to be stodgy”); Active participle

مُوَاخَمَة

Form III: وَاخَمَ (wāḵama, “to have stomach trouble with”); Verbal noun

مُوَاخِم

Form III: وَاخَمَ (wāḵama, “to have stomach trouble with”); Active participle

إِيخَام

Form IV: أَوْخَمَ (ʔawḵama, “to trouble the stomach of”); Verbal noun

مُوخِم

Form IV: أَوْخَمَ (ʔawḵama, “to trouble the stomach of”); Active participle

تَوَخُّم

Form V: تَوَخَّمَ (tawaḵḵama, “to find to be hard for the stomach”); Verbal noun

مُتَوَخِّم

Form V: تَوَخَّمَ (tawaḵḵama, “to find to be hard for the stomach”); Active participle

اِتِّخَام

Form VIII: اِتَّخَمَ (ittaḵama, “to suffer indigestion, to be trouble with glut”); Verbal noun

مُتَّخِم

Form VIII: اِتَّخَمَ (ittaḵama, “to suffer indigestion, to be trouble with glut”); Active participle

اِسْتِيخَام

Form X: اِسْتَوْخَمَ (istawḵama, “to find to be hard for the stomach”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَوْخِم

Form X: اِسْتَوْخَمَ (istawḵama, “to find to be hard for the stomach”); Active participle


ر و ض

رَائِض

Form I: رَاضَ (rāḍa, “tame, domesticate, break in, train, coach, pacify, placate”); Active participle

تَرْوِيض

Form II: رَوَّضَ (rawwaḍa, “tame, regulate”); Verbal noun

مُرَوِّض

Form II: رَوَّضَ (rawwaḍa, “tame, regulate”); Active participle

مُرَاوَضَة

Form III: رَاوَضَ (rāwaḍa, “try to make tractable, try to bring round”); Verbal noun

مُرَاوِض

Form III: رَاوَضَ (rāwaḍa, “try to make tractable, try to bring round”); Active participle

تَرَوُّض

Form V: تَرَوَّضَ (tarawwaḍa, “practice, exercise”); Verbal noun

مُتَرَوِّض

Form V: تَرَوَّضَ (tarawwaḍa, “practice, exercise”); Active participle

تَرَاوُض

Form VI: تَرَاوَضَ (tarāwaḍa, “haggle, bargain”); Verbal noun

مُتَرَاوِض

Form VI: تَرَاوَضَ (tarāwaḍa, “haggle, bargain”); Active participle

اِرْتِيَاض

Form VIII: اِرْتَاضَ (irtāḍa, “practice, exercise, train, school, walk”); Verbal noun

مُرْتَاض

Form VIII: اِرْتَاضَ (irtāḍa, “practice, exercise, train, school, walk”); Active participle

اِسْتِرَاضَة

Form X: اِسْتَرَاضَ (istarāḍa, “be or become happy, glad, cheerful”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَرِيض

Form X: اِسْتَرَاضَ (istarāḍa, “be or become happy, glad, cheerful”); Active participle


ق ل د

قَلْد

Form I: قَلَدَ (qalada, “to wreathe, to wind, to twist”); Verbal noun

قَالِد

Form I: قَلَدَ (qalada, “to wreathe, to wind, to twist”); Active participle

تَقْلِيد

Form II: قَلَّدَ (qallada, “to wind around; to hand to”); Verbal noun

مُقَلِّد

Form II: قَلَّدَ (qallada, “to wind around; to hand to”); Active participle

إِقْلَاد

Form IV: أَقْلَدَ (ʔaqlada, “to drown”); Verbal noun

مُقْلِد

Form IV: أَقْلَدَ (ʔaqlada, “to drown”); Active participle

تَقَلُّد

Form V: تَقَلَّدَ (taqallada, “to put on oneself”); Verbal noun

مُتَقَلِّد

Form V: تَقَلَّدَ (taqallada, “to put on oneself”); Active participle


ن و ع

تَنْوِيع

Form II: نَوَّعَ (nawwaʕa, “to divide into various kinds, to classify, to variegate, to diversify, to vary, to change the appearance of”); Verbal noun

مُنَوِّع

Form II: نَوَّعَ (nawwaʕa, “to divide into various kinds, to classify, to variegate, to diversify, to vary, to change the appearance of”); Active participle

تَنَوُّع

Form V: تَنَوَّعَ (tanawwaʕa, “to be of various kinds, to be diverse”); Verbal noun

مُتَنَوِّع

Form V: تَنَوَّعَ (tanawwaʕa, “to be of various kinds, to be diverse”); Active participle

تَنْوِيع

change, alteration, mixture of various things or themes


ق ل ع

قَلْع

Form I: قَلَعَ (qalaʕa, “to pull out”); Verbal noun

قَالِع

Form I: قَلَعَ (qalaʕa, “to pull out”); Active participle

تَقْلِيع

Form II: قَلَّعَ (qallaʕa, “to pull out”); Verbal noun

مُقَلِّع

Form II: قَلَّعَ (qallaʕa, “to pull out”); Active participle

إِقْلَاع

Form IV: أَقْلَعَ (ʔaqlaʕa, “to pull out”); Verbal noun

مُقْلِع

Form IV: أَقْلَعَ (ʔaqlaʕa, “to pull out”); Active participle

تَقَلُّع

Form V: تَقَلَّعَ (taqallaʕa, “to be pulled out”); Verbal noun

مُتَقَلِّع

Form V: تَقَلَّعَ (taqallaʕa, “to be pulled out”); Active participle

اِنْقِلَاع

Form VII: اِنْقَلَعَ (inqalaʕa, “to be pulled out”); Verbal noun

مُنْقَلِع

Form VII: اِنْقَلَعَ (inqalaʕa, “to be pulled out”); Active participle

اِقْتِلَاع

Form VIII: اِقْتَلَعَ (iqtalaʕa, “to pull out”); Verbal noun

مُقْتَلِع

Form VIII: اِقْتَلَعَ (iqtalaʕa, “to pull out”); Active participle


و ت د

وَتْد

Form I: وَتَدَ (watada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Verbal noun

وَاتِد

Form I: وَتَدَ (watada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Active participle

تَوْتِيد

Form II: وَتَّدَ (wattada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Verbal noun

مُوَتِّد

Form II: وَتَّدَ (wattada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Active participle

إِيتَاد

Form IV: أَوْتَدَ (ʔawtada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Verbal noun

مُوتِد

Form IV: أَوْتَدَ (ʔawtada, “to ram firmly, to thrust, to wedge”); Active participle


خ ط ر

ar-root

خ ط ر • (ḵ-ṭ-r)

خَاطِر

Form I: خَطَرَ (ḵaṭara); Active participle

مُخَاطِر

Form III: خَاطَرَ (ḵāṭara); Active participle

إِخْطَار

Form IV: أَخْطَرَ (ʔaḵṭara); Verbal noun

مُخْطِر

Form IV: أَخْطَرَ (ʔaḵṭara); Active participle

تَخَطُّر

Form V: تَخَطَّرَ (taḵaṭṭara); Verbal noun

مُتَخَطِّر

Form V: تَخَطَّرَ (taḵaṭṭara); Active participle

تَخَاطُر

Form VI: تَخَاطَرَ (taḵāṭara); Verbal noun

مُتَخَاطِر

Form VI: تَخَاطَرَ (taḵāṭara); Active participle

اِخْتِطَار

Form VIII: اِخْتَطَرَ (iḵtaṭara); Verbal noun

مُخْتَطِر

Form VIII: اِخْتَطَرَ (iḵtaṭara); Active participle


ك ش ط

ك ش ط • (k-š-ṭ)

كَشْط

Form I: كَشَطَ (kašaṭa, “to abrade, to scrape, to skim”); Verbal noun

كَاشِط

Form I: كَشَطَ (kašaṭa, “to abrade, to scrape, to skim”); Active participle

تَكْشِيط

Form II: كَشَّطَ (kaššaṭa, “to strip, to denude”); Verbal noun

مُكَشِّط

Form II: كَشَّطَ (kaššaṭa, “to strip, to denude”); Active participle


ق ش ط

ق ش ط • (q-š-ṭ)

قَشْط

Form I: قَشَطَ (qašaṭa, “to abrade, to scrape, to skim”); Verbal noun

قَاشِط

Form I: قَشَطَ (qašaṭa, “to abrade, to scrape, to skim”); Active participle

تَقْشِيط

Form II: قَشَّطَ (qaššaṭa, “to strip, to denude”); Verbal noun

مُقَشِّط

Form II: قَشَّطَ (qaššaṭa, “to strip, to denude”); Active participle


ص د ء

ص د ء • (ṣ-d-ʔ)

Cognate to the same root in Aramaic and Hebrew צ־ד־י (ṣ-d-y) with meaning developments rather related to being destroyed or wasted away, ultimately an extension of the biconsonantal ص د د (ṣ-d-d).

صَدَأ

Form I: صَدِئَ (ṣadiʔa, “to be rusty”); Verbal noun

Form I: صَدِئَ (ṣadiʔa, “to be rusty”); Active participle

صَدَاءَة

Form I: صَدُؤَ (ṣaduʔa, “to be rusty”); Verbal noun

Form I: صَدُؤَ (ṣaduʔa, “to be rusty”); Active participle

صَدْء

Form I: صَدَأَ (ṣadaʔa, “to polish from rust”); Verbal noun

صَادِئ

Form I: صَدَأَ (ṣadaʔa, “to polish from rust”); Active participle

تَصْدِيء

Form II: صَدَّأَ (ṣaddaʔa, “to polish from rust”); Verbal noun

مُصَدِّئ

Form II: صَدَّأَ (ṣaddaʔa, “to polish from rust”); Active participle

تَصَادُؤ

Form VI: تَصَادَأَ (taṣādaʔa); Verbal noun

مُتَصَادِئ

Form VI: تَصَادَأَ (taṣādaʔa); Active participle

اِصْطِدَاء

Form VIII: اِصْطَدَأَ (iṣṭadaʔa); Verbal noun

مُصْطَدِئ

Form VIII: اِصْطَدَأَ (iṣṭadaʔa); Active participle


غ م م

Compare غ م ض (ḡ m ḍ) and غ ي م (ḡ y m).

The semantic development originates perhaps from the meaning of covering, veiling, and this being applied to the sky covered by clouds would have yielded a meanin of grief or chagrin as commonly a gloomy sky is associated with such feelings

غَمّ

Form I: غَمَّ (ḡamma, “to cover, to veil; to fill with grief”); Verbal noun

غَامّ

Form I: غَمَّ (ḡamma, “to cover, to veil; to fill with grief”); Active participle

تَغْمِيم

Form II: غَمَّمَ (ḡammama, “to cover, to veil”); Verbal noun

مُغَمِّم

Form II: غَمَّمَ (ḡammama, “to cover, to veil”); Active participle

مُغَامَّة

Form III: غَامَّ (ḡāmma, “to grieve with”); Verbal noun

مُغَامّ

Form III: غَامَّ (ḡāmma, “to grieve with”); Active participle

إِغْمَام

Form IV: أَغَمَّ (ʔaḡamma, “to be clouded; to fill with grief”); Verbal noun

مُغِمّ

Form IV: أَغَمَّ (ʔaḡamma, “to be clouded; to fill with grief”); Active participle

تَغَمُّم

Form V: تَغَمَّمَ (taḡammama, “to become covered”); Verbal noun

مُتَغَمِّم

Form V: تَغَمَّمَ (taḡammama, “to become covered”); Active participle

تَغَامّ

Form VI: تَغَامَّ (taḡāmma); Verbal noun

مُتَغَامّ

Form VI: تَغَامَّ (taḡāmma); Active participle

اِنْغِمَام

Form VII: اِنْغَمَّ (inḡamma, “to become filled with grief”); Verbal noun

مُنْغَمّ

Form VII: اِنْغَمَّ (inḡamma, “to become filled with grief”); Active participle

اِغْتِمَام

Form VIII: اِغْتَمَّ (iḡtamma, “to become filled with grief; to be tall”); Verbal noun

مُغْتَمّ

Form VIII: اِغْتَمَّ (iḡtamma, “to become filled with grief; to be tall”); Active participle


ج س س

جَسّ

Form I: جَسَّ (jassa, “to palpate”); Verbal noun

جَاسّ

Form I: جَسَّ (jassa, “to palpate”); Active participle

تَجَسُّس

Form V: تَجَسَّسَ (tajassasa, “to scrutinize”); Verbal noun

مُتَجَسِّس

Form V: تَجَسَّسَ (tajassasa, “to scrutinize”); Active participle

اِجْتِسَاس

Form VIII: اِجْتَسَّ (ijtassa, “to palpate”); Verbal noun

مُجْتَسّ

Form VIII: اِجْتَسَّ (ijtassa, “to palpate”); Active participle

اِجْتَاسَّ

to explore, to look through, to seek for what is in


ع ل ل

It may be that عَلَّ (ʕalla, “perhaps”) is the original, in a meaning “hopefully not, lest”, so the ailment meanings are things expressed to “hopefully not” appear. That word, in turn, is likely just أَن (ʔan) joined to later shortened لَا (lā). In North Levantine Arabic this لَعَلَّ (laʕalla) is even found in the form لَيِلَّ (layilla) as the conjunction following “to fear, to be afraid”, as English lest and Latin nē.

تَعَلُّل

Form V: تَعَلَّلَ (taʕallala); Verbal noun

تَعَالّ

Form VI: تَعَالَّ (taʕālla); Verbal noun

عُلَالَة

thing serving diversion; regalement; solace

related to ailment, defect, emptiness, not at full capacity or at the best condition

عَالّ

Form I: عَلَّ (ʕalla); Active participle

مُعَلِّل

Form II: عَلَّلَ (ʕallala); Active participle

مُعَالّ

Form III: عَالَّ (ʕālla); Active participle

مُعِلّ

Form IV: أَعَلَّ (ʔaʕalla); Active participle

مُتَعَلِّل

Form V: تَعَلَّلَ (taʕallala); Active participle

مُتَعَالّ

Form VI: تَعَالَّ (taʕālla); Active participle

اِعْتِلَال

Form VIII: اِعْتَلَّ (iʕtalla); Verbal noun

مُعْتَلّ

Form VIII: اِعْتَلَّ (iʕtalla); Active participle


ف ل و

Probably extended from ف ل ل (f-l-l), as is ف ل ت (f-l-t).

فَلْو

Form I: فَلَا (falā, “to withdraw from sucking; to wean”); Verbal noun

فَالٍ

Form I: فَلَا (falā, “to withdraw from sucking; to wean”); Active participle

إِفْلَاء

Form IV: أَفْلَى (ʔaflā, “to have colts that have been ablacted; to enter the desert”); Verbal noun

مُفْلٍ

Form IV: أَفْلَى (ʔaflā, “to have colts that have been ablacted; to enter the desert”); Active participle

اِفْتِلَاء

Form VIII: اِفْتَلَى (iftalā, “to withdraw from sucking; to wean”); Verbal noun

مُفْتَلٍ

Form VIII: اِفْتَلَى (iftalā, “to withdraw from sucking; to wean”); Active participle


ف ل ق

فَلْق

Form I: فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split, to cleave”); Verbal noun

فَالِق

Form I: فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split, to cleave”); Active participle

تَفْلِيق

Form II: فَلَّقَ (fallaqa, “to split, to cleave”); Verbal noun

مُفَلِّق

Form II: فَلَّقَ (fallaqa, “to split, to cleave”); Active participle

إِفْلَاق

Form IV: أَفْلَقَ (ʔaflaqa); Verbal noun

مُفْلِق

Form IV: أَفْلَقَ (ʔaflaqa); Active participle

تَفَلُّق

Form V: تَفَلَّقَ (tafallaqa, “to be come split, to become cleft”); Verbal noun

مُتَفَلِّق

Form V: تَفَلَّقَ (tafallaqa, “to be come split, to become cleft”); Active participle

اِنْفِلَاق

Form VII: اِنْفَلَقَ (infalaqa, “to be come split, to become cleft”); Verbal noun

مُنْفَلِق

Form VII: اِنْفَلَقَ (infalaqa, “to be come split, to become cleft”); Active participle

اِفْتِلَاق

Form VIII: اِفْتَلَقَ (iftalaqa); Verbal noun

مُفْتَلِق

Form VIII: اِفْتَلَقَ (iftalaqa); Active participle


ه و س

هَوْس

Form I: هَاسَ (hāsa, “to crumble, to crush; to go about, to stroll; to drive, to propel”); Verbal noun

هَائِس

Form I: هَاسَ (hāsa, “to crumble, to crush; to go about, to stroll; to drive, to propel”); Active participle

هَوَس

Form I: هَوِسَ (hawisa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Verbal noun

Form I: هَوِسَ (hawisa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Active participle

تَهْوِيس

Form II: هَوَّسَ (hawwasa, “to bedazzle, to baffle, to confound; to infatuate, to make manic; to be infatuate by, to be obsessed with”); Verbal noun

مُهَوِّس

Form II: هَوَّسَ (hawwasa, “to bedazzle, to baffle, to confound; to infatuate, to make manic; to be infatuate by, to be obsessed with”); Active participle

تَهَوُّس

Form V: تَهَوَّسَ (tahawwasa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Verbal noun

مُتَهَوِّس

Form V: تَهَوَّسَ (tahawwasa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Active participle

اِنْهِيَاس

Form VII: اِنْهَاسَ (inhāsa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Verbal noun

مُنْهَاس

Form VII: اِنْهَاسَ (inhāsa, “to be confound, to be dazzle; to be manically obsessed, to be fanatical”); Active participle


ه و ن

هَوْن

Form I: هَانَ (hāna, “to be easy”); Verbal noun

Form I: هَانَ (hāna, “to be easy”); Active participle

مُهَوِّن

Form II: هَوَّنَ (hawwana); Active participle

مُهَاوِن

Form III: هَاوَنَ (hāwana); Active participle

إِهَانَة

Form IV: أَهَانَ (ʔahāna, “to humiliate”); Verbal noun

مُهِين

Form IV: أَهَانَ (ʔahāna, “to humiliate”); Active participle

تَهَاوُن

Form VI: تَهَاوَنَ (tahāwana); Verbal noun

مُتَهَاوِن

Form VI: تَهَاوَنَ (tahāwana); Active participle

اِسْتِهَانَة

Form X: اِسْتَهَانَ (istahāna); Verbal noun

مُسْتَهِين

Form X: اِسْتَهَانَ (istahāna); Active participle


ف خ ر

Owning the lack of Semitic cognates and the narrow meaning, probably denominal from فَخْر (faḵr, “boast”), the originally most common word in the root formula, borrowed from a descendant Proto-Iranian *huHarnā́h (“splendour, glory”), although it could stand in variation with ف ح ش (f-ḥ-š) as حَفَرَ (ḥafara) with حَفَشَ (ḥafaša).

ar-root

ف ح ش (f-ḥ-š)

فَاخِر

Form I: فَخَرَ (faḵara); Active participle

Form I: فَخِرَ (faḵira); Active participle

مُفَخِّر

Form II: فَخَّرَ (faḵḵara); Active participle

مُفَاخِر

Form III: فَاخَرَ (fāḵara); Active participle

إِفْخَار

Form IV: أَفْخَرَ (ʔafḵara); Verbal noun

مُفْخِر

Form IV: أَفْخَرَ (ʔafḵara); Active participle

تَفَخُّر

Form V: تَفَخَّرَ (tafaḵḵara); Verbal noun

مُتَفَخِّر

Form V: تَفَخَّرَ (tafaḵḵara); Active participle

تَفَاخُر

Form VI: تَفَاخَرَ (tafāḵara); Verbal noun

مُتَفَاخِر

Form VI: تَفَاخَرَ (tafāḵara); Active participle

اِفْتِخَار

Form VIII: اِفْتَخَرَ (iftaḵara); Verbal noun

مُفْتَخِر

Form VIII: اِفْتَخَرَ (iftaḵara); Active participle

اِسْتِفْخَار

Form X: اِسْتَفْخَرَ (istafḵara); Verbal noun

مُسْتَفْخِر

Form X: اِسْتَفْخَرَ (istafḵara); Active participle


م ل ل

مَلّ

Form I: مَلَّ (malla, “to sew with large stitches; to give to the fire, to throw into the ash; to be tedious for somebody, to appear as a source of vexation to, to tire, to weary”); Verbal noun

مَالّ

Form I: مَلَّ (malla, “to sew with large stitches; to give to the fire, to throw into the ash; to be tedious for somebody, to appear as a source of vexation to, to tire, to weary”); Active participle

مَلَل

Form I: مَلَّ (malla, “to be affected by vexation, to be bore; to be affected by heat, to be fever”); Verbal noun

Form I: مَلَّ (malla, “to be affected by vexation, to be bore; to be affected by heat, to be fever”); Active participle

تَمْلِيل

Form II: مَلَّلَ (mallala, “to press forward, to properate”); Verbal noun

مُمَلِّل

Form II: مَلَّلَ (mallala, “to press forward, to properate”); Active participle

إِمْلَال

Form IV: أَمَلَّ (ʔamalla, “to afflict with tedium”); Verbal noun

مُمِلّ

Form IV: أَمَلَّ (ʔamalla, “to afflict with tedium”); Active participle

تَمَلُّل

Form V: تَمَلَّلَ (tamallala, “to be affected by vexation, to be bore, to be restless”); Verbal noun

مُتَمَلِّل

Form V: تَمَلَّلَ (tamallala, “to be affected by vexation, to be bore, to be restless”); Active participle

اِمْتِلَال

Form VIII: اِمْتَلَّ (imtalla, “to festinate, to hasten”); Verbal noun

مُمْتَلّ

Form VIII: اِمْتَلَّ (imtalla, “to festinate, to hasten”); Active participle

اِسْتِمْلَال

Form X: اِسْتَمَلَّ (istamalla, “to find tedious, to esteem annoy”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَمِلّ

Form X: اِسْتَمَلَّ (istamalla, “to find tedious, to esteem annoy”); Active participle

مُلَّة

tedium, weariness; sweat, fever, bread baken in hot ash; tacking stitch, basting stitch, large stitch


س ت ر

سَتْر

Form I: سَتَرَ (satara, “to cover, to veil; to umbrella, to safeguard”); Verbal noun

سَاتِر

Form I: سَتَرَ (satara, “to cover, to veil; to umbrella, to safeguard”); Active participle

تَسْتِير

Form II: سَتَّرَ (sattara, “to cover, to veil; to umbrella, to safeguard”); Verbal noun

مُسَتِّر

Form II: سَتَّرَ (sattara, “to cover, to veil; to umbrella, to safeguard”); Active participle

مُسَاتَرَة

Form III: سَاتَرَ (sātara, “to cover from”); Verbal noun

مُسَاتِر

Form III: سَاتَرَ (sātara, “to cover from”); Active participle

تَسَتُّر

Form V: تَسَتَّرَ (tasattara, “to be cover, to be veil, to be shelter, to cover, to lurk; to dissimulate, to connive”); Verbal noun

مُتَسَتِّر

Form V: تَسَتَّرَ (tasattara, “to be cover, to be veil, to be shelter, to cover, to lurk; to dissimulate, to connive”); Active participle

اِسْتِتَار

Form VIII: اِسْتَتَرَ (istatara, “to be cover, to be veil, to be shelter, to cover, to lurk”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَتِر

Form VIII: اِسْتَتَرَ (istatara, “to be cover, to be veil, to be shelter, to cover, to lurk”); Active participle


س و س

سِيَاسَة

Form I: سَاسَ (sāsa, “to manage, to direct”); Verbal noun

Form I: سَاسَ (sāsa, “to manage, to direct”); Active participle

تَسْوِيس

Form II: سَوَّسَ (sawwasa, “to let direct”); Verbal noun

مُسَوِّس

Form II: سَوَّسَ (sawwasa, “to let direct”); Active participle


ه ض ب

هَاضِب

Form I: هَضَبَ (haḍaba, “to irrigate; to be verbose, to be wordy; to march along in a foolish manner”); Active participle

مُهْضِب

Form IV: أَهْضَبَ (ʔahḍaba, “to be excessive in words”); Active participle

مُهْتَضِب

Form VIII: اِهْتَضَبَ (ihtaḍaba, “to be excessive in words”); Active participle

مُسْتَهْضِب

Form X: اِسْتَهْضَبَ (istahḍaba, “to become formed (a hill)”); Active participle

related to endless rains, to downpour, to overflowing, to gushing out or along, to having abundant water

هَضْب

Form I: هَضَبَ (haḍaba, “to irrigate; to be verbose, to be wordy; to march along in a foolish manner”); Verbal noun

مَهْضُوب

to running one's mouth, to be loquacious, to spew or rattle on endlessly, to speak abundantly

إِهْضَاب

Form IV: أَهْضَبَ (ʔahḍaba, “to be excessive in words”); Verbal noun

اِهْتِضَاب

Form VIII: اِهْتَضَبَ (ihtaḍaba, “to be excessive in words”); Verbal noun

اِسْتِهْضَاب

Form X: اِسْتَهْضَبَ (istahḍaba, “to become formed (a hill)”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَهْضَب

to continuing on, to seemingly never end, to keep going like the coming down of torrential rains


ه ض م

هَاضِم

Form I: هَضَمَ (haḍama); Active participle

إِهْضَام

Form IV: أَهْضَمَ (ʔahḍama); Verbal noun

مُهْضِم

Form IV: أَهْضَمَ (ʔahḍama); Active participle

تَهَضُّم

Form V: تَهَضَّمَ (tahaḍḍama); Verbal noun

مُتَهَضِّم

Form V: تَهَضَّمَ (tahaḍḍama); Active participle

اِنْهِضَام

Form VII: اِنْهَضَمَ (inhaḍama); Verbal noun

مُنْهَضِم

Form VII: اِنْهَضَمَ (inhaḍama); Active participle

اِهْتِضَام

Form VIII: اِهْتَضَمَ (ihtaḍama); Verbal noun

مُهْتَضِم

Form VIII: اِهْتَضَمَ (ihtaḍama); Active participle

اِسْتِهْضَام

Form X: اِسْتَهْضَمَ (istahḍama); Verbal noun

مُسْتَهْضِم

Form X: اِسْتَهْضَمَ (istahḍama); Active participle


ه ص ر

هَصْر

Form I: هَصَرَ (haṣara, “to bend, to make incline”); Verbal noun

هَاصِر

Form I: هَصَرَ (haṣara, “to bend, to make incline”); Active participle

تَهْصِير

Form II: هَصَّرَ (haṣṣara, “to bend, to make incline”); Verbal noun

مُهَصِّر

Form II: هَصَّرَ (haṣṣara, “to bend, to make incline”); Active participle

تَهَصُّر

Form V: تَهَصَّرَ (tahaṣṣara, “to be broken”); Verbal noun

مُتَهَصِّر

Form V: تَهَصَّرَ (tahaṣṣara, “to be broken”); Active participle

اِنْهِصَار

Form VII: اِنْهَصَرَ (inhaṣara, “to be bent; to be broken”); Verbal noun

مُنْهَصِر

Form VII: اِنْهَصَرَ (inhaṣara, “to be bent; to be broken”); Active participle

اِهْتِصَار

Form VIII: اِهْتَصَرَ (ihtaṣara, “to bend; to break”); Verbal noun

مُهْتَصِر

Form VIII: اِهْتَصَرَ (ihtaṣara, “to bend; to break”); Active participle


ه ش م

هَشْم

Form I: هَشَمَ (hašama, “to smash, to crush”); Verbal noun

هَاشِم

Form I: هَشَمَ (hašama, “to smash, to crush”); Active participle

تَهْشِيم

Form II: هَشَّمَ (haššama, “to smash, to crush; to honor, to rever”); Verbal noun

مُهَشِّم

Form II: هَشَّمَ (haššama, “to smash, to crush; to honor, to rever”); Active participle

تَهَشُّم

Form V: تَهَشَّمَ (tahaššama, “to be smashed, to be crushed”); Verbal noun

مُتَهَشِّم

Form V: تَهَشَّمَ (tahaššama, “to be smashed, to be crushed”); Active participle

اِنْهِشَام

Form VII: اِنْهَشَمَ (inhašama, “to be weak”); Verbal noun

مُنْهَشِم

Form VII: اِنْهَشَمَ (inhašama, “to be weak”); Active participle

اِهْتِشَام

Form VIII: اِهْتَشَمَ (ihtašama, “to be smashed, to be crushed”); Verbal noun

مُهْتَشِم

Form VIII: اِهْتَشَمَ (ihtašama, “to be smashed, to be crushed”); Active participle


ف ت ل

فَتْل

Form I: فَتَلَ (fatala, “to twist”); Verbal noun

فَاتِل

Form I: فَتَلَ (fatala, “to twist”); Active participle

تَفْتِيل

Form II: فَتَّلَ (fattala, “to twist”); Verbal noun

مُفَتِّل

Form II: فَتَّلَ (fattala, “to twist”); Active participle

إِفْتَال

Form IV: أَفْتَلَ (ʔaftala, “to put forth seed-pods termed فَتْلَة (fatla)”); Verbal noun

مُفْتِل

Form IV: أَفْتَلَ (ʔaftala, “to put forth seed-pods termed فَتْلَة (fatla)”); Active participle

تَفَتُّل

Form V: تَفَتَّلَ (tafattala, “to be twisted”); Verbal noun

مُتَفَتِّل

Form V: تَفَتَّلَ (tafattala, “to be twisted”); Active participle

اِنْفِتَال

Form VII: اِنْفَتَلَ (infatala, “to be twisted”); Verbal noun

مُنْفَتِل

Form VII: اِنْفَتَلَ (infatala, “to be twisted”); Active participle


ف ر ر

فَرّ

Form I: فَرَّ (farra, “to flee”); Verbal noun

فَارّ

Form I: فَرَّ (farra, “to flee”); Active participle

مُفَارَرَة

Form III: فَارَرَ (fārara, “to investigate the state of”); Verbal noun

مُفَارّ

Form III: فَارَرَ (fārara, “to investigate the state of”); Active participle

إِفْرَار

Form IV: أَفَرَّ (ʔafarra, “to make flee”); Verbal noun

مُفِرّ

Form IV: أَفَرَّ (ʔafarra, “to make flee”); Active participle

تَفَرُّر

Form V: تَفَرَّرَ (tafarrara, “to deride, to ridicule”); Verbal noun

مُتَفَرِّر

Form V: تَفَرَّرَ (tafarrara, “to deride, to ridicule”); Active participle

تَفَارّ

Form VI: تَفَارَّ (tafārra, “to flee from each other”); Verbal noun

مُتَفَارّ

Form VI: تَفَارَّ (tafārra, “to flee from each other”); Active participle

اِفْتِرَار

Form VIII: اِفْتَرَّ (iftarra, “to show, to reveal while laughing”); Verbal noun

مُفْتَرّ

Form VIII: اِفْتَرَّ (iftarra, “to show, to reveal while laughing”); Active participle


ج ل ح

جَلَح

Form I: جَلِحَ (jaliḥa, “to be bald; to become bald”); Verbal noun

Form I: جَلِحَ (jaliḥa, “to be bald; to become bald”); Active participle

جَلْح

Form I: جَلَحَ (jalaḥa, “to make bald, to eat bare”); Verbal noun

جَالِح

Form I: جَلَحَ (jalaḥa, “to make bald, to eat bare”); Active participle

تَجْلِيح

Form II: جَلَّحَ (jallaḥa, “to eat bare, to devour; to attack, to act hostile against”); Verbal noun

مُجَلِّح

Form II: جَلَّحَ (jallaḥa, “to eat bare, to devour; to attack, to act hostile against”); Active participle

مُجَالَحَة

Form III: جَالَحَ (jālaḥa, “to show enmity to”); Verbal noun

مُجَالِح

Form III: جَالَحَ (jālaḥa, “to show enmity to”); Active participle

جُلَّاح

torrent that carries away everything in its course

جَالِحَة

fruitless year of a plant; what flies about in successive portions from the heads of sedge

مِجْلَاح

a she-camel that bears with hardness a year, preserving her milk


ج ل خ

جَلْخ

Form I: جَلَخَ (jalaḵa, “to abrade, to grind, to strop”); Verbal noun

جَالِخ

Form I: جَلَخَ (jalaḵa, “to abrade, to grind, to strop”); Active participle

تَجْلِيخ

Form II: جَلَّخَ (jallaḵa, “to abrade, to grind, to strop”); Verbal noun

مُجَلِّخ

Form II: جَلَّخَ (jallaḵa, “to abrade, to grind, to strop”); Active participle

اِجْلِخَاخ

Form IX: اِجْلَخَّ (ijlaḵḵa, “to be debile, to be feeble”); Verbal noun

مُجْلَخّ

Form IX: اِجْلَخَّ (ijlaḵḵa, “to be debile, to be feeble”); Active participle

اِجْلِنْخَاي

Form XV: اِجْلَنْخَخَ (ijlanḵaḵa, “to collapse”); Verbal noun

مُجْلَنْخِخ

Form XV: اِجْلَنْخَخَ (ijlanḵaḵa, “to collapse”); Active participle


ش ح ذ

ش ح ذ • (š-ḥ-ḏ)

شَحْذ

Form I: شَحَذَ (šaḥaḏa, “to hone, to sharp; to beg on”); Verbal noun

شَاحِذ

Form I: شَحَذَ (šaḥaḏa, “to hone, to sharp; to beg on”); Active participle

تَشْحِيذ

Form II: شَحَّذَ (šaḥḥaḏa, “to hone, to sharp”); Verbal noun

مُشَحِّذ

Form II: شَحَّذَ (šaḥḥaḏa, “to hone, to sharp”); Active participle

مُشَاحَذَة

Form III: شَاحَذَ (šāḥaḏa, “to assist in sharpening”); Verbal noun

مُشَاحِذ

Form III: شَاحَذَ (šāḥaḏa, “to assist in sharpening”); Active participle

إِشْحَاذ

Form IV: أَشْحَذَ (ʔašḥaḏa, “to sharpen, to hone”); Verbal noun

مُشْحِذ

Form IV: أَشْحَذَ (ʔašḥaḏa, “to sharpen, to hone”); Active participle

تَشَحُّذ

Form V: تَشَحَّذَ (tašaḥḥaḏa, “to apply oneself to importunate begging”); Verbal noun

مُتَشَحِّذ

Form V: تَشَحَّذَ (tašaḥḥaḏa, “to apply oneself to importunate begging”); Active participle


ر خ و

رَخَاوَة

Form I: رَخُوَ (raḵuwa, “to be slack, to be loose”); Verbal noun

Form I: رَخُوَ (raḵuwa, “to be slack, to be loose”); Active participle

Form I: رَخِيَ (raḵiya, “to slack; to be ample, to be unstraitened”); Active participle

تَرْخِيَة

Form II: رَخَّى (raḵḵā, “to loosen, to relax”); Verbal noun

مُرَخٍّ

Form II: رَخَّى (raḵḵā, “to loosen, to relax”); Active participle

مُرَاخٍ

Form III: رَاخَى (rāḵā); Active participle

إِرْخَاء

Form IV: أَرْخَى (ʔarḵā, “to slacken, to loose; to sink, to lower”); Verbal noun

مُرْخٍ

Form IV: أَرْخَى (ʔarḵā, “to slacken, to loose; to sink, to lower”); Active participle

تَرَاخٍ

Form VI: تَرَاخَى (tarāḵā, “to become flabby; to sink, to sag;to remit, to become remiss”); Verbal noun

مُتَرَاخٍ

Form VI: تَرَاخَى (tarāḵā, “to become flabby; to sink, to sag;to remit, to become remiss”); Active participle

اِرْتِخَاء

Form VIII: اِرْتَخَى (irtaḵā, “to become loose, to languish”); Verbal noun

مُرْتَخٍ

Form VIII: اِرْتَخَى (irtaḵā, “to become loose, to languish”); Active participle

اِسْتِرْخَاء

Form X: اِسْتَرْخَى (istarḵā, “to become loose, to languish; to become ample, to become unstraitened”); Verbal noun

مُسْتَرْخٍ

Form X: اِسْتَرْخَى (istarḵā, “to become loose, to languish; to become ample, to become unstraitened”); Active participle

مِرْخَاء”, noun)

a mare, hinny or she-camel that runs in a manner termed إِرْخَاء (ʔirḵāʔ,


ب ح ر

بَاحِر

Form I: بَحَرَ (baḥara); Active participle

مُبَحِّر

Form II: بَحَّرَ (baḥḥara); Active participle

إِبْحَار

Form IV: أَبْحَرَ (ʔabḥara); Verbal noun

مُبْحِر

Form IV: أَبْحَرَ (ʔabḥara); Active participle

تَبَحُّر

Form V: تَبَحَّرَ (tabaḥḥara); Verbal noun

مُتَبَحِّر

Form V: تَبَحَّرَ (tabaḥḥara); Active participle

اِسْتِبْحَار

Form X: اِسْتَبْحَرَ (istabḥara); Verbal noun

مُسْتَبْحِر

Form X: اِسْتَبْحَرَ (istabḥara); Active participle

بَحِيرَة

a she-camel, ewe or goat having her ear slit after having brought a certain amount of females


ض م ر

related to things collapsing into themselves, depression

ضُمْر

Form I: ضَمُرَ (ḍamura, “to be slender”), ضَمَرَ (ḍamara, “to be slender”); Verbal noun

ضَامِر

Form I: ضَمُرَ (ḍamura, “to be slender”), ضَمَرَ (ḍamara, “to be slender”); Active participle

تَضْمِير

Form II: ضَمَّرَ (ḍammara, “to make slender”); Verbal noun

مُضَمِّر

Form II: ضَمَّرَ (ḍammara, “to make slender”); Active participle

إِضْمَار

Form IV: أَضْمَرَ (ʔaḍmara, “to make slender; to have in one’s heart”); Verbal noun

مُضْمِر

Form IV: أَضْمَرَ (ʔaḍmara, “to make slender; to have in one’s heart”); Active participle

تَضَمُّر

Form V: تَضَمَّرَ (taḍammara, “to become slender, to become lean”); Verbal noun

مُتَضَمِّر

Form V: تَضَمَّرَ (taḍammara, “to become slender, to become lean”); Active participle

اِنْضِمَار

Form VII: اِنْضَمَرَ (inḍamara, “to become dry”); Verbal noun

مُنْضَمِر

Form VII: اِنْضَمَرَ (inḍamara, “to become dry”); Active participle

اِضْطِمَار

Form VIII: اِضْطَمَرَ (iḍṭamara, “to have the belly fallen in”); Verbal noun

مُضْطَمِر

Form VIII: اِضْطَمَرَ (iḍṭamara, “to have the belly fallen in”); Active participle

ضِمَار

place or valley that is depressed; pretense that won’t be satisfied, claim on which default of performance is expected


و ل ع

إِيلَاع

Form IV: أَوْلَعَ (ʔawlaʕa); Verbal noun

تَوَلُّع

Form V: تَوَلَّعَ (tawallaʕa); Verbal noun

اِتِّلَاع

Form VIII: اِتَّلَعَ (ittalaʕa); Verbal noun

وَلِيع

palm blossoms when they are still wrapped

وَالِع

Form I: وَلَعَ (walaʕa); Active participle

Form I: وَلِعَ (waliʕa); Active participle

مُوَلِّع

Form II: وَلَّعَ (wallaʕa); Active participle

مُولِع

Form IV: أَوْلَعَ (ʔawlaʕa); Active participle

مُتَوَلِّع

Form V: تَوَلَّعَ (tawallaʕa); Active participle

مُتَّلِع

Form VIII: اِتَّلَعَ (ittalaʕa); Active participle


غ ر ض

غ ر ض • (ḡ-r-ḍ)

إِغْرَاض

Form IV: أَغْرَضَ (ʔaḡraḍa); Verbal noun

تَغَرُّض

Form V: تَغَرَّضَ (taḡarraḍa); Verbal noun

Form I: غَرِضَ (ḡariḍa); Active participle

مُغَرِّض

Form II: غَرَّضَ (ḡarraḍa); Active participle

مُغَارِض

Form III: غَارَضَ (ḡāraḍa); Active participle

مُغْرِض

Form IV: أَغْرَضَ (ʔaḡraḍa); Active participle

مُتَغَرِّض

Form V: تَغَرَّضَ (taḡarraḍa); Active participle

اِنْغِرَاض

Form VII: اِنْغَرَضَ (inḡaraḍa); Verbal noun

مُنْغَرِض

Form VII: اِنْغَرَضَ (inḡaraḍa); Active participle

اِغْتِرَاض

Form VIII: اِغْتَرَضَ (iḡtaraḍa); Verbal noun

مُغْتَرِض

Form VIII: اِغْتَرَضَ (iḡtaraḍa); Active participle