со

so (romanization)
Nominative (personal pronoun singular)
со (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьо (personal pronoun second-person singular)
иза (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Genitive (personal pronoun singular)
сан (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьан (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цуьнан (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Dative (personal pronoun singular)
сӯна (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьӯна (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цунна (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Ergative (personal pronoun singular)
ас (first-person personal pronoun singular)
ахь (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цо̄ (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Allative (personal pronoun singular)
со̄ьга (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьо̄ьга (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цуьнга (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Ablative (personal pronoun singular)
со̄ьгара (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьо̄ьгара (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цуьнгара (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Instrumental (personal pronoun singular)
со̄ьца (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьо̄ьца (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цуьнца (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Lative (personal pronoun singular)
сох (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьох (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цунах (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Comparative (personal pronoun singular)
сол (first-person personal pronoun singular)
хьол (personal pronoun second-person singular)
цул (personal pronoun singular third-person)
Nominative (personal plural pronoun)
тхо (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шу (personal plural pronoun second-person)
уьш (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Genitive (personal plural pronoun)
тхан (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шун (personal plural pronoun second-person)
це̄ран (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Dative (personal plural pronoun)
тхӯна (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шуна (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ца̄рна (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Ergative (personal plural pronoun)
о̄ха (first-person personal plural pronoun)
аш (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ца̄ра (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Allative (personal plural pronoun)
тхо̄ьга (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шуьга (personal plural pronoun second-person)
цаьрга (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Ablative (personal plural pronoun)
тхо̄ьгара (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шуьгара (personal plural pronoun second-person)
цаьргара (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Instrumental (personal plural pronoun)
тхо̄ьца (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шуьца (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ца̄рца (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Lative (personal plural pronoun)
тхох (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шух (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ца̄рах (personal plural pronoun third-person)
Comparative (personal plural pronoun)
тхол (first-person personal plural pronoun)
шул (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ца̄рал (personal plural pronoun third-person)
вай (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайн (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайна (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайга (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайгара (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайца (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайх (first-person personal plural pronoun)
вайл (first-person personal plural pronoun)


со

so (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


со

From Proto-Permic *su̇, from Proto-Uralic *sän. Cognates include Erzya сон (son) and Finnish hän.
Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian сійӧ (sijö) and Komi-Permyak сія (sija).

со удмурт кылъя дышетӥсь

(third person singular personal pronoun) he, she, it


dei

Veit du kvar dei er?

Dei der borte?


einander

uncommon and stiff, though etymologically correct

From Middle High German einander, from Old High German compound of ein (“one”) + andar (“other”, modern German ander). Semantically limited by the ein (“one”) to singular contexts, similar to one another or each other.
The combined form einander does not inflect in modern German, and may be used unchanged in dative and accusative grammatical cases. Older forms could show inflection on the second ander portion, or on both the ein and ander portions. Any prepositions, which grammatically and semantically would apply to the second ander portion of the word, were already appearing in front of the compound term in Old High German, and in New High German (i.e., modern German), prepositions are compounded onto the front of the term.

compound

“other”, modern German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">ander</i>

Sie unterstützten einander, so gut sie konnten.

They supported each other as much as they could.


gente

From Old Galician-Portuguese gente, from Latin gentem, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis.


gli

From Latin illī (dative masculine singular of ille).

Gli parlo.


gli

From Latin illī (dative feminine singular of ille).

[…] ne prima altro fece, che ella s’ingegnò di veder Beltramo, & appreſſo nel coſpetto del Re venuta di gratia chieſe, che la ſua infermita gli moſtraſſe.

ca. 1349-1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron, Tommaso Edlin (1725), page 98

Before aught else she studied to see Bertrand and next, presenting herself before the king, she prayed him of his favour/favor to show her his ailment.

Ho detto a Gianna che gli telefono domani.


gli

From Latin illīs (dative plural of ille).

Gli parlerò.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:gli.

with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects

Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects. Unlike the singular forms

the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language

and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead


io

From i- (indeterminate correlative prefix) + -o (correlative suffix of objects).

affix

something (indeterminate correlative of objects)


io

Io te ama.


io

noi (plural)
io (nominative)
mire (accusative stressed)
me (m') (accusative)
mi (dative stressed)
âm (dative)
meu (genitive)
mev (genitive)
me (genitive)
meľ (genitive)
mele (genitive)

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.


io

head

io (personal, first person, possessive mio)

→ Interlingua: io

I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)


io

io sam


sa

From Proto-Albanian *si-a, a combination of two pronominal members, Proto-Indo-European *kʷih₂ and *h₂ew-/*h₂en-. Alternatively from Proto-Albanian *tšja or, as per Meyer, from Greek σαν (san, “when, whenever”).


sa

sa (genitive su, partitive sind, long form sina)

su (genitive)
sind (partitive)
sina (long-form nominative singular)
sa (nominative short-form singular)
teie (long-form nominative plural)
te (nominative plural short-form)
sinu (genitive long-form singular)
su (genitive short-form singular)
teie (genitive long-form plural)
te (genitive plural short-form)
sind (long-form partitive short-form singular)
teid (long-form partitive plural short-form)
sinusse (illative long-form singular)
susse (illative short-form singular)
teisse (illative plural short-form)
sinus (inessive long-form singular)
sus (inessive short-form singular)
teis (inessive plural short-form)
sinust (elative long-form singular)
sust (elative short-form singular)
teist (elative plural short-form)
sinule (allative long-form singular)
sulle (allative short-form singular)
teile (allative plural short-form)
sinul (adessive long-form singular)
sul (adessive short-form singular)
teil (adessive plural short-form)
sinult (ablative long-form singular)
sult (ablative short-form singular)
teilt (ablative plural short-form)
sinuks (long-form singular translative)
teieks (long-form plural translative)
teiks (plural short-form translative)
sinuni (long-form singular terminative)
teieni (long-form plural terminative)
sinuna (essive long-form singular)
teiena (essive long-form plural)
sinuta (abessive long-form singular)
teieta (abessive long-form plural)
sinuga (comitative long-form singular)
suga (comitative short-form singular)
teiega (comitative long-form plural)

Mis sa teed seal?


sa

See sinä; developed through contraction.

(personal, archaic, poetic) you (second-person singular pronoun)


sa

(Papuan) I (first person singular prononun)


sa

sinā (nominative singular)
sa (nominative singular)
tēg (nominative plural)
teg (nominative plural)
sin (genitive singular)
täd (genitive plural)
sīnda (partitive singular)
tēḑi (partitive plural)
sinnõn (dative singular)
sin (dative singular)
täddõn (dative plural)
tän (dative plural)
sinkõks (instrumental singular)
tädkõks (instrumental plural)
sinnõ (illative singular)
sinnõz (illative singular)
tēži (illative plural)
sinsõ (inessive singular)
tēši (inessive plural)
sinstõ (elative singular)
tēšti (elative plural)

you; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee


sa

From Vulgar Latin *sa, from Latin sua, the feminine form of suus.

(preceded by "a") his/hers (that which is his or hers)


sa

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.

Vidím sa v zrkadle.

Koho vidíš v zrkadle? Seba.


sa

Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza: *sará

Abaza: сара (sara)

Abkhaz: сара́ (sará)

Proto-Circassian: *sa

Adyghe: са (sa)

Kabardian: са (sa)

Ubykh: səʁʷá


cap

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus (“head, chief”), from Latin caput (“head, etc.”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *káput. Compare Occitan cap. Compare also French personne (which can mean either "person" or "nobody").

inh+

no n'hi ha cap de maduixa

there is not any strawberry flavoured one

none, not one (usually with no or other negative particle)

que en falta cap?


each other

/iːˈt͡ʃʌð.ə/

/iːˈt͡ʃað.ə/

From Middle English ech other, yche othere, ich othir, eche other, ilk oþer, from Old English ǣlċ ōþer (“each other”), equivalent to each + other. Cognate with Scots ilk other (“each other”),
West Frisian elkoar (“each other”), Dutch elkander, elkaar (“each other”).

Jack and Robert loved each other.

We've known each other many years, but this is the first time you ever came to me for counsel or for help.

1972 March 14, Mario Puzo, Francis Ford Coppola, The Godfather, spoken by Vito Corleone (Marlon Brando), Paramount Pictures

It was the first time United had conceded six goals at Old Trafford since 1930, when Huddersfield won 6-0 and Newcastle 7-4 within four days of each other.

2011 October 23, Phil McNulty, “Man Utd 1-6 Man City”, in BBC Sport

(reciprocal pronoun) To one another; one to the other; signifies that a verb applies to two or more entities both as subjects and as direct objects:

ܚܕܕܐ

Eastern vocalization: ܚܕܵܕܹܐ ħəðāðε̄, Western vocalization: ܚܕܳܕܶܐ ħəðoðe


tei

head

tei m sg (feminine túa, masculine plural teis, feminine plural túas)

túa (feminine)
teis (masculine plural)
túas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese *tei, from Latin tuus.

Second-person singular possessive pronoun; yours

Determiner forms used in Lagarteiru before a noun


tei

tei (nominative singular)
tuos (nominative plural)
tuos (genitive singular)
tūs (genitive plural)
tai (dative singular)
tom (dative plural)
tū (accusative singular)
tuos (accusative plural)
tymā (locative singular)
tymuos (locative plural)


tei

Li Angles Dex li respundi: Tais tei


kit

Kit ajánl?

Kit érdekel?


cad

Clipping of cad é, from early modern caidhe (“what is?”) from Old Irish cote (“what is the nature of? of what kind is?”), due to analogy with copular phrases like is é, an é.

der

Cad as duit?


seis

masculine plural of sei (“his, hers, its, theirs”)


med

𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔:𐌌𐌄𐌃:𐌅𐌇𐌄⁝𐌅𐌇𐌀𐌊𐌄𐌃:𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌀𐌔𐌉𐌏𐌉
MANIOS:MED:FHE⁝FHAKED:NVMASIOI

𐌉𐌏𐌖𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌃𐌄𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌍𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌏𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌉𐌔𐌖𐌉𐌓𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌉𐌄𐌃 / […] / 𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌔𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌅𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌍𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌄𐌉𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌉𐌍𐌄𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌀𐌋𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌏𐌃
IOVESATDEIVOSQOIMEDMITATNEITEDENDOCOSMISVIRCOSIED / […] / DVENOSMEDFECEDENMANOMEINOMDVENOINEMEDMALOSTATOD
iouesāt deivos qoi mēd mitāt, nei tēd endō cosmis vircō siēd / […] / duenos mēd fēced en mānōm (m)einom duenōi nē mēd malo(s) statōd

The person who sends me prays to the gods, lest the girl be not kind towards thee / […] / A good man made me (in good intention?) for a good man; may I not be stolen by an evil man.

𐌄𐌂𐌏𐌖𐌓𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌉𐌀𐌔𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓[𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌]𐌄𐌃𐌖𐌇𐌄[𐌂𐌄𐌃]
ECOVRNATITAVENDIASMAMAR[COSM]EDVHE[CED]
eco urna tita vendias mamar[cos m]ed vhe[ced]
I am the urn of Tita Vendia. Mamar[cos had me made].

𐌇𐌏𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌊𐌀𐌖𐌉𐌏𐌔[…]𐌌𐌏𐌍𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌒𐌄𐌕𐌉𐌏𐌔𐌃[𐌏]𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌐𐌓𐌏𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏𐌃
HOIMEDMITATKAVIOS[…]MONIOSQETIOSD[O]NOMPROFILEOD
Hoi mēd mitāt Kāvios […]monios Qetios d[ō]nom prō fileōd.

6th century BC, Tibur pedestal inscription (CIL I² 2658; image (page 18))

Kavios […]monios Qetios places me here as a gift on behalf of his son.

𐌍𐌄𐌉[- - -]𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌𐌊𐌏𐌌𐌌𐌄𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌔𐌏𐌊𐌉𐌏𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌖𐌏𐌉𐌀𐌃𐌃𐌄𐌏𐌌𐌃𐌖𐌏
NEIPARIMEDESOMKOMMEOISSOKIOISTRIVOIADDEOMDVO
nei pari med esom kom meois sokiois trifos audeom duo[m]

Do not take me! I am with my three companions (property) of the two Audii


nej

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *mi̯əu (“you all”).

you (three or more: second person plural)

your (three or more: second person plural)


bathe

(Northern) Alternative form of bothe (“both”)


nama

Possibly from Proto-Austronesian *nəma (“what thing?”).


nama

nȁma (canonical)
на̏ма (Cyrillic)
jȃ (nominative singular)
mȋ (nominative plural)
mȅne (genitive singular)
me (genitive singular)
nȃs (genitive plural)
mȅni (dative singular)
mi (dative singular)
nȁma (dative plural)
nam (dative plural)
mȅne (accusative singular)
me (accusative singular)
nȃs (accusative plural)
mȋ (plural vocative)
mȅni (locative singular)
nȁma (locative plural)
mnȏm (instrumental singular)
mnóme (instrumental singular)
nȁma (instrumental plural)

Gdje je nama auto?

(emphatic, possessive, dative) Alternative form of nam; our, of ours


nama

jãzъ (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
ty̑ (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mę̑ (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tę̑ (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sę̑ (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mȅne (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
tȅbe (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sȅbe (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (first-person locative personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (locative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (locative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mьně̀ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tebě̀ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ti (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebě̀ (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
si (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mъnòjǫ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
mъnojǫ̀ (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
tobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
tobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mojь (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tvojь (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
svojь (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
vě̑ (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
vȃ (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
nȃ (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vȃ (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
vàju (dual genitive personal pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
nàju (dual first-person locative personal pronoun)
vàju (dual locative personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dual locative personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vàma (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
va (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
si (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
nàma (dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
vàma (dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
našь (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
vašь (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
my̑ (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ny̑ (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vy̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sę̑ (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sȅbe (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàsъ (first-person locative personal plural pronoun)
vàsъ (locative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (locative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmъ (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vàmъ (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebě̀ (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
si (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nàmi (first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
vàmi (instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobòjǫ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sobojǫ̀ (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
našь (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
vašь (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
svojь (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic: нама (nama)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̏ма

Latin script: nȁma

Slovene: nama

West Slavic:

Kashubian: nama

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: nama

Upper Sorbian: namaj


он

on (romanization)
вна́ (feminine)
вно́ (neuter)

From Old East Slavic онъ (onŭ), from Proto-Slavic *onъ.

Ани он, ани его сочасникы не поважовали тогочасный церковнославянскый язык за чужородный.

He or his contemporaries did not consider Church Slavonic of that time as a foreign language.

Any on, any eho sočasnykŷ ne považovaly tohočasnŷj cerkovnoslavjanskŷj jazŷk za čužorodnŷj.


он

head

он • (on) (feminine counterpart она́, neuter counterpart оно́)

on (romanization)
она́ (feminine)
counterpart оно́ (neuter)
я (first-person nominative personal pronoun)
ja (first-person nominative personal pronoun)
ты (nominative personal pronoun second-person)
ty (nominative personal pronoun second-person)
он (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
on (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
оно́ (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
onó (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
она́ (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
oná (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
мы (first-person nominative personal pronoun)
my (first-person nominative personal pronoun)
вы (nominative personal pronoun second-person)
vy (nominative personal pronoun second-person)
они́ (nominative personal pronoun third-person)
oní (nominative personal pronoun third-person)
меня́ (first-person genitive personal pronoun)
menjá (first-person genitive personal pronoun)
тебя́ (genitive personal pronoun second-person)
tebjá (genitive personal pronoun second-person)
его́ (genitive masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
него́ ² (genitive masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
jevó, nevó (genitive masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
её (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
неё ³ (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
jejó, nejó (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
нас (first-person genitive personal pronoun)
nas (first-person genitive personal pronoun)
вас (genitive personal pronoun second-person)
vas (genitive personal pronoun second-person)
их (genitive personal pronoun third-person)
них (genitive personal pronoun third-person)
ix, nix (genitive personal pronoun third-person)
себя́ (genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
sebjá (genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
мне (dative first-person personal pronoun)
mne (dative first-person personal pronoun)
тебе́ (dative personal pronoun second-person)
tebé (dative personal pronoun second-person)
ему́ (dative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
нему́ (dative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
jemú, nemú (dative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
ей (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ней (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
jej, nej (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
нам (dative first-person personal pronoun)
nam (dative first-person personal pronoun)
вам (dative personal pronoun second-person)
vam (dative personal pronoun second-person)
им (dative personal pronoun third-person)
ним (dative personal pronoun third-person)
im, nim (dative personal pronoun third-person)
себе́ (dative personal pronoun reflexive)
sebé (dative personal pronoun reflexive)
меня́ (accusative first-person personal pronoun)
menjá (accusative first-person personal pronoun)
тебя́ (accusative personal pronoun second-person)
tebjá (accusative personal pronoun second-person)
его́ (accusative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
него́ ² (accusative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
jevó, nevó (accusative masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
её (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
неё (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
jejó, nejó (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
нас (accusative first-person personal pronoun)
nas (accusative first-person personal pronoun)
вас (accusative personal pronoun second-person)
vas (accusative personal pronoun second-person)
их (accusative personal pronoun third-person)
них (accusative personal pronoun third-person)
ix, nix (accusative personal pronoun third-person)
себя́ (accusative personal pronoun reflexive)
sebjá (accusative personal pronoun reflexive)
мной (first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
мно́ю (first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
mnoj, mnóju (first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
тобо́й (instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
тобо́ю (instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
tobój, tobóju (instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
им (instrumental masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
ним (instrumental masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
im, nim (instrumental masculine neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
ей (feminine instrumental personal pronoun singular third-person)
ней (feminine instrumental personal pronoun singular third-person)
е́ю (feminine instrumental personal pronoun singular third-person)
не́ю ³ (feminine instrumental personal pronoun singular third-person)
jej, nej, jéju, néju (feminine instrumental personal pronoun singular third-person)
на́ми (first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
námi (first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
ва́ми (instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
vámi (instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
и́ми (instrumental personal pronoun third-person)
ни́ми (instrumental personal pronoun third-person)
ími, ními (instrumental personal pronoun third-person)
собо́й (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
собо́ю (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sobój, sobóju (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
мне (first-person personal prepositional pronoun)
mne (first-person personal prepositional pronoun)
тебе́ (personal prepositional pronoun second-person)
tebé (personal prepositional pronoun second-person)
нём (masculine neuter personal prepositional pronoun singular third-person)
njom (masculine neuter personal prepositional pronoun singular third-person)
ней (feminine personal prepositional pronoun singular third-person)
nej (feminine personal prepositional pronoun singular third-person)
нас (first-person personal prepositional pronoun)
nas (first-person personal prepositional pronoun)
вас (personal prepositional pronoun second-person)
vas (personal prepositional pronoun second-person)
них (personal prepositional pronoun third-person)
nix (personal prepositional pronoun third-person)
себе́ (personal prepositional pronoun reflexive)
sebé (personal prepositional pronoun reflexive)

Inherited from Old East Slavic онъ (onŭ), from Proto-Slavic *onъ.

inh+

Он плоди́т недоуме́ния, он разруша́ет мне́ния, твё́рдо устано́вленные века́ми, он говори́т о но́вых доброде́телях, кото́рые на́до познава́ть и разы́скивать, он говори́т о божестве́, кото́рое нам ещё́ неве́домо.

1891, Владимир Короленко, chapter I, in Тени (Фантазия); English translation from Thomas Seltzer, transl., The Shades, a Phantasy, 1907

He has wrought confusion, he overthrows beliefs that have existed since the beginning, he speaks of new virtues which must be recognised and sought for, he speaks of a Divinity hitherto unknown to us.

On plodít nedouménija, on razrušájet mnénija, tvjórdo ustanóvlennyje vekámi, on govorít o nóvyx dobrodételjax, kotóryje nádo poznavátʹ i razýskivatʹ, on govorít o božestvé, kotóroje nam ješčó nevédomo.

third-person masculine singular pronoun: he, it.


он

о̑н (canonical)
ȏn (romanization)
о̑н (masculine nominative singular)
о̀на (feminine nominative singular)
о̀но (neuter nominative singular)
о̀ни (masculine nominative plural)
о̀не (feminine nominative plural)
о̀на (neuter nominative plural)
ње̏га (genitive masculine singular)
га (genitive masculine singular)
ње̑ (feminine genitive singular)
је (feminine genitive singular)
ње̏га (genitive neuter singular)
га (genitive neuter singular)
њи̑х (genitive masculine plural)
их (genitive masculine plural)
њи̑х (feminine genitive plural)
их (feminine genitive plural)
њи̑х (genitive neuter plural)
их (genitive neuter plural)
ње̏му (dative masculine singular)
му (dative masculine singular)
њо̑ј (dative feminine singular)
јој (dative feminine singular)
ње̏му (dative neuter singular)
му (dative neuter singular)
њи̏ма (dative masculine plural)
им (dative masculine plural)
њи̏ма (dative feminine plural)
им (dative feminine plural)
њи̏ма (dative neuter plural)
им (dative neuter plural)
ње̏га (accusative masculine singular)
га (accusative masculine singular)
њ (accusative masculine singular)
њу̑ (accusative feminine singular)
ју (accusative feminine singular)
је (accusative feminine singular)
њу (accusative feminine singular)
ње̏га (accusative neuter singular)
га (accusative neuter singular)
њ (accusative neuter singular)
њи̑х (accusative masculine plural)
их (accusative masculine plural)
њи̑х (accusative feminine plural)
их (accusative feminine plural)
њи̑х (accusative neuter plural)
их (accusative neuter plural)
ње̏м (locative masculine singular)
ње̏му (locative masculine singular)
њо̑ј (feminine locative singular)
ње̏м (locative neuter singular)
ње̏му (locative neuter singular)
њи̏ма (locative masculine plural)
њи̏ма (feminine locative plural)
њи̏ма (locative neuter plural)
њи̑м (instrumental masculine singular)
њи́ме (instrumental masculine singular)
њо̑м (feminine instrumental singular)
њо́ме (feminine instrumental singular)
њи̑м (instrumental neuter singular)
њи́ме (instrumental neuter singular)
њи̏ма (instrumental masculine plural)
њи̏ма (feminine instrumental plural)
њи̏ма (instrumental neuter plural)


он

Inherited from Classical Persian آن (ān), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭 (ān).


bere

genitive singular of bera; his, her, its


ego

head

egō̆ (first person, nominative, plural nōs)

Sardinian: dego, deo, deu, ego, eo, eu

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: iou

Istro-Romanian: io

Megleno-Romanian: io

Romanian: eu, io

Dalmatian:

ju

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: eiu

Italian: io
→ Interlingua: io

Gallurese: e

Neapolitan: io

Sassarese: éiu

Sicilian: eu

Padanian:

Friulian: jo

Romansch: jau

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: jo

Franco-Provençal: je

Old French: je (see there for further descendants)

Gascon: jo

desctree

Old Occitan: eu, ieu; ie (before an enclitic)
Occitan: ieu

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: yo

Old Leonese: [Term?]

Asturian: yo

Extremaduran: yo

Leonese: you

Mirandese: you

Old Galician-Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

Galician: eu

Portuguese: eu

Old Spanish: yo (see there for further descendants)

→ Catalan: ego

→ Dutch: ego

→ English: ego

→ French: ego

→ Galician: ego

→ German: Ego

→ Italian: ego

→ Portuguese: ego

→ Spanish: ego

From Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ).

4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 3:19

And either I was unworthy of them, or they perhaps were not worthy of me: because perhaps thou hast kept me for another man

et aut ego indigna fui illis aut illi mihi forsitan digni non fuerunt quia forsitan viro alio conservasti me

I; first person singular personal pronoun, nominative case

Ablative case
Accusative case
Dative case
Genitive case
Nominative case
Vocative case


τα

ta (romanization)
εγώ (first-person nominative possessive singular strong)
εσύ (nominative possessive second-person singular strong)
αυτός (masculine nominative possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτή (feminine nominative possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτό (neuter nominative possessive singular strong third-person)
εμείς (first-person nominative plural possessive strong)
εσείς (nominative plural possessive second-person strong)
αυτοί (masculine nominative plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτές (feminine nominative plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτά (neuter nominative plural possessive strong third-person)
τος (masculine nominative possessive singular third-person weak)
τη (feminine nominative possessive singular third-person weak)
το (neuter nominative possessive singular third-person weak)
τοι (masculine nominative plural possessive third-person weak)
τες (feminine nominative plural possessive third-person weak)
τα (neuter nominative plural possessive third-person weak)
εμένα (first-person genitive possessive singular strong)
εμού (first-person genitive possessive singular strong)
εσένα (genitive possessive second-person singular strong)
αυτού (genitive masculine possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτής (feminine genitive possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτού (genitive neuter possessive singular strong third-person)
εμάς (first-person genitive plural possessive strong)
εσάς (genitive plural possessive second-person strong)
αυτών (genitive masculine plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτών (feminine genitive plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτών (genitive neuter plural possessive strong third-person)
μου (first-person genitive possessive singular weak)
σου (genitive possessive second-person singular weak)
του (genitive masculine possessive singular third-person weak)
της (feminine genitive possessive singular third-person weak)
του (genitive neuter possessive singular third-person weak)
μας (first-person genitive plural possessive weak)
σας (genitive plural possessive second-person weak)
τους (genitive masculine plural possessive third-person weak)
τους (feminine genitive plural possessive third-person weak)
τους (genitive neuter plural possessive third-person weak)
εμένα (accusative first-person possessive singular strong)
εσένα (accusative possessive second-person singular strong)
αυτόν (accusative masculine possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτήν (accusative feminine possessive singular strong third-person)
αυτό (accusative neuter possessive singular strong third-person)
εμάς (accusative first-person plural possessive strong)
εσάς (accusative plural possessive second-person strong)
αυτούς (accusative masculine plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτές (accusative feminine plural possessive strong third-person)
αυτά (accusative neuter plural possessive strong third-person)
με (accusative first-person possessive singular weak)
σε (accusative possessive second-person singular weak)
τον (accusative masculine possessive singular third-person weak)
την (accusative feminine possessive singular third-person weak)
το (accusative neuter possessive singular third-person weak)
μας (accusative first-person plural possessive weak)
σας (accusative plural possessive second-person weak)
τους (accusative masculine plural possessive third-person weak)
τις (accusative feminine plural possessive third-person weak)
τες (accusative feminine plural possessive third-person weak)
τα (accusative neuter plural possessive third-person weak)
εσύ (possessive second-person singular strong vocative)
εσείς (plural possessive second-person strong vocative)

they (3rd person neuter plural, nominative)

them (3rd person neuter plural, accusative)


much

From Middle English muche (“much, great”), apocopated variant of muchel (“much, great”), from Old English myċel, miċel (“big, much”), from Proto-West Germanic *mikil, from Proto-Germanic *mikilaz (“great, many, much”), from Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (“big, stour, great”). See also mickle, muckle.
cognates
Cognate with Scots mickle, mukill, mekil, mikil (“big, large, great, much”), Middle Dutch mēkel (“great, many, much”), Middle High German michel ("great, many, much"; > German michel (“great, big, large”)), Norwegian Bokmål mye (“much”), Norwegian Nynorsk mykje (“much”), Swedish mycket (“much”), Danish meget (“much”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍃 (mikils, “great, many”), Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “large, great”), Modern Greek μεγάλος (megálos, “large, great”).
Note that English much is not related to Spanish mucho, and their resemblance in both form and meaning is purely coincidental, as mucho derives from Latin multus and is not related to the Germanic forms. Instead, related to Spanish maño.

gloss

"great, many, much"; > German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">michel</i> (“great, big, large”)

cog

From those to whom much has been given much is expected.

We lay awake for much of the night.


niente

From an earlier neente, either from Latin ne gentem (“no person, no one”), nec entem, ne entem, or ne inde. Compare Old Catalan nient, Sicilian nenti, Piedmontese gnente, Occitan neient, French néant.
The regional pronunciation with initial self-gemination of /nj-/ is by speakers who try to correct the /ɲ-/ because of the orthography, but keep the syllable structure, and thus gemination, of the original /ɲ-/.

Cosa fai? Niente.

Hai bisogno di niente?

Non voglio niente da mangiare.


sisar

head

sisar (present tense sisas, past tense sisis, future tense sisos, imperative sisez, conditional sisus)

sisas (present)
sisis (past)
tense sisos (future)
sisez (imperative)
sisus (conditional)
sisar (infinitive present)
sisir (infinitive past)
sisor (future infinitive)
sisas (present)
sisis (past)
sisos (future)
sisus (conditional present)
sisez (imperative present)
sisanta (active adjective participle present)
sisinta (active adjective participle past)
sisonta (active adjective future participle)
sisante (active adverbial participle present)
sisinte (active adverbial participle past)
sisonte (active adverbial future participle)
sisanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
sisinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
sisonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
sisanti (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
sisinti (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
sisonti (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
sisata (adjectival participle passive present)
sisita (adjectival participle passive past)
sisota (adjectival future participle passive)
sisate (adverbial participle passive present)
sisite (adverbial participle passive past)
sisote (adverbial future participle passive)
sisato (noun-from-verb participle passive present singular)
sisito (noun-from-verb participle passive past singular)
sisoto (future noun-from-verb participle passive singular)
sisati (noun-from-verb participle passive plural present)
sisiti (noun-from-verb participle passive past plural)
sisoti (future noun-from-verb participle passive plural)

Borrowed from Spanish sisear, onomatopoeic.


το

There is no 3rd person vocative case.† These terms double as possessive pronouns.‡ is used before a verb

after a verb.. All personal pronoun forms are displayed at εγώ

it (3rd person neuter singular, nominative)

it (3rd person neuter singular, accusative)


eno

Oscan: in, ini

Umbrian: eno, enu

Unsorted formations:

Latin: enim

Oscan: inim

Paelignian: inom

Umbrian: enom, enem

Umbrian: inuk, inumek


tout le monde

And when the aura of sports reaches the stratospheric level of a Michael Jordan, tout le monde takes notice.

What's the sample here - a dozen people, a thousand, a million, tout le monde?

Tout le monde is now saying these particular trans fats are so completely and utterly heinous for our tickers and arteries that lard is starting to look good again.


tout le monde

From tout (“all”) + le (“the”) + monde (“people; world”). Literally, “all the world”.

af

Tout le monde est arrivé.


dû

ik (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
my (first-person objective personal pronoun singular)
mysels (first-person objective personal pronoun reflexive singular)
myn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
mines (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
do (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dû (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dy (informal objective personal pronoun second-person singular)
dysels (informal objective personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
dyn (informal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dines (informal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
jo (formal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
jo (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular)
josels (formal objective personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
jo (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
jowes (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
hy (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
him (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person)
himsels (masculine objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
syn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sines (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sy (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hja (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
har (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person)
harsels (feminine objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
har (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
harres (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
it (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person)
himsels (neuter objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
syn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sines (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
wy (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
ús (first-person objective personal plural pronoun)
ússels (first-person objective personal plural pronoun reflexive)
ús (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
uzes (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
jim (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jimme (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jim (objective personal plural pronoun second-person)
jimme (objective personal plural pronoun second-person)
jimsels (objective personal plural pronoun reflexive second-person)
jinsels (objective personal plural pronoun reflexive second-person)
jim (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
jimme (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
jimmes (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
sy (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
hja (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
har (objective personal plural pronoun third-person)
harren (objective personal plural pronoun third-person)
harsels (objective personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
har (personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
harren (personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
harres (personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)
^ Now mostly archaic and unused (personal pronoun)


ako

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.


ako

nipalit ko sa sinina

gipaak ko og hulmigas

anak ko sa Ginoo

ako ang nikaon

(as the subject of a nominal predicate); I am

ako lang


ako

From Proto-Austronesian *akən (“1sg oblique”). Cognate with Hiligaynon akon, Tagalog akin.

inh

akong balay

ako/akong gipalit ang sinina

The dress was bought by me/I bought the dress

(before the verb) I; me (object of a verb)


ako

From aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku.


ako

From Proto-Philippine *akú (“I”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku (“I”), from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pupunta po ako sa simbahan, Inay.

Bigyan mo ako ng makakain.

Akong ako 'to.


vous

head

vous (second-person plural and second-person formal singular, informal singular tu, object vous, emphatic vous, possessive determiner votre)

and second-person formal singular (plural second-person)
tu (informal singular)
vous (emphatic)
votre (determiner possessive)

Inherited from Middle French vous, from Old French vos, vous, from Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.
See cognates in regional languages in France: Angevin, Bourbonnais-Berrichon, Bourguignon, Champenois, Lorrain, Orléanais, and Poitevin-Saintongeais vous; Franc-Comtois vôs; Gallo vouz; Norman and Franco-Provençal vos; Picard os; Occitan vosautres (Provençal vousautes); Catalan vosaltres; Corsican voi.
Other cognates with the same usage are voi in Italian as well as вы in Russian.

cog

3 Also used when a group has both men and women

4 Also used as third person plural reflexive

Vous allez

the plural personal pronoun in the second person:

Je vous adore.

Je vous donnerai mon adresse.

I will give you my address / I will give my address to you.

Monsieur, je ne peux pas vous le dire

(formal, polite) plural or singular personal pronoun in the second person:


vous

French: vous

From Old French vos, vous, from Latin vōs.

yourself (second-person plural or polite reflexive pronoun)


mel

(archaic) Contraction of me el. (in medieval Catalan, nowadays written as me'l)


vu

(second-person plural pronoun) you, you all, ye


vu

Borrowed from French vous, Italian voi, Spanish vos, Russian вы (vy), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yū́, with the Ido ending + -u.

The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered


det

Det regner.


det

Det weeß ik nich'.

(colloquial, Berlin-Brandenburg) Alternative form of das

(colloquial, Berlin-Brandenburg, neuter nominative) it


det

Er det det det er? Det er det det er.

it; third person singular, neuter gender. Nominative, accusative or dative.


det

er det det det er

it; third person singular, neuter gender


det

jag (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mig (first-person oblique personal pronoun singular)
mej (colloquial first-person oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling singular)
min (first-person personal possessed-common possessive pronoun singular)
mitt (first-person personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular)
mina (first-person personal possessed-many possessive pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dig (oblique personal pronoun second-person singular)
dej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling second-person singular)
din (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ditt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person singular)
han (masculine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
honom (masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
han (informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (dialectal informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hans (masculine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hon (feminine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
henne (feminine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hennes (feminine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
henom (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
hens (gender-neutral neologism personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (common-gender personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (neuter personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
man (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
ens (indefinite personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sig (oblique personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive singular third-person)
sin (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sitt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
vi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
oss (first-person oblique personal plural pronoun)
vår (first-person personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
våran (first-person informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
vårt (first-person personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
vårat (first-person informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
våra (first-person personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun)
ni (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eran (informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
ers (formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
ert (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
erat (informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
era (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
I (archaic nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eders (archaic formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
edert (archaic personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
edra (archaic personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
de (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial nominative personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
dem (oblique personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
deras (personal plural possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun third-person)
sig (oblique personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive third-person)
sin (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sitt (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sina (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)

From Old Swedish þæt, dhet‚ from Old Norse þat, from Proto-Germanic *þat, from Proto-Indo-European *tod, nominative and accusative singular neuter of *só.

it; third-person singular, referring to nouns of neuter gender. Nominative, accusative or dative

Det regnar.

it; the impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement

Jag visste det!

it; the impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject or object


ira

ik (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
thū (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
hē (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
siu (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
mī (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
me (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mik (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
thī (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
thik (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ina (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sia (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
mī (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
thī (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
imu (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
iru (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
mīn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
thīn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
is (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ira (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
is (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
wit (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
git (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
unk (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
ink (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
unk (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
ink (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
unkero (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
unka (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
inker (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
inka (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
wī (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
we (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
gī (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ge (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sia (masculine nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
sia (feminine nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
siu (neuter nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ūs (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
unsik (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
eu (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
iu (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuu (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sia (accusative masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
sia (accusative feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
siu (accusative neuter personal plural pronoun third-person)
ūs (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
eu (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
iu (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuu (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
im (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ūser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
euwar (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuwar (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuwero (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
iuwera (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
iro (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)

Middle Low German: ēr

Dutch Low Saxon: eur

German Low German: üor, ehr, eer


ein

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

ein sigur


ein

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Akin to English one, an.

Ein skal ikkje tru på alt ein høyrer.

One should not believe everything one is told.

Eg kjenner ein som kan spela trombone.

I know someone who can play the trombone.


ein

head

ein (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

of a following vowel (triggers-h-prothesis)

From Middle Welsh yn, an, from Old Welsh an. Compare Breton hon.

Os oes problem, cofiwch ein hysbysu i’n helpu i’w datrys yn gyflym.

If there is a problem, remember to inform us to help us to solve it quickly.

us (as the direct object of a verbal noun)


ero

ero (inanimate pronoun proximal singular)
erokon (inanimate plural pronoun proximal)
mose (proximal singular)
mòsaro (plural proximal)
mòsaron (plural proximal)
mojan (plural proximal)
mòsékon (plural proximal)
eny (inanimate pronoun proximal singular)
enykon (inanimate plural pronoun proximal)
mòko (medial singular)
mòkaro (medial plural)
mòkaron (medial plural)
moro (distal inanimate pronoun singular)
morokon (distal inanimate plural pronoun)
moky (distal singular)
mòkan (distal plural)
mókykon (distal plural)
mony (distal inanimate pronoun singular)
monykon (distal inanimate plural pronoun)
iro (anaphoric inanimate pronoun singular)
irokon (anaphoric inanimate plural pronoun)
inoro (anaphoric singular)
inaro (anaphoric plural)
inaron (anaphoric plural)
inorokon (anaphoric plural)

From Proto-Cariban *(tj)ôrô. Compare Apalaí sero, Trió serë, Wayana helë, Waiwai ero, Ye'kwana edö, Akawaio serö, Macushi sîrîrî, Pemon serö.

the inanimate singular proximal demonstrative pronoun; this


each

From Middle English eche, from Old English ǣlċ, contraction of ǣġhwelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *aiwgahwalīk (“each, every”). Compare Scots ilk, elk (“each, every”), Saterland Frisian älk (“each”), West Frisian elk, elts (“each”), Dutch elk (“each”), Low German elk, ellik (“each”), German Low German elk, elke (“each, every”), German jeglich (“any”).

inh

I'm going to give each of you a chance to win.

From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.

Every one/thing individually or one by one.


data

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *da and Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, an enclitic form of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kita (“we (inclusive), we (dual)”), whence Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kita (“we (inclusive)”). Compare Kankanaey daita (“we (two), you and I”), Pangasinan sikata (“we (two), you and I”), Kapampangan ikata (“we (two), you and I”), Tagalog kata (“we (two), you and I”), Bikol Central kita (“we (inclusive)”), Cebuano kita (“we (inclusive)”), and Maranao sekta (“we (inclusive)”).

cog

Data laeng ti adda ti kasar ita nga aldaw.

It is only us two who have a wedding today.

First-person dual absolutive independent pronoun; we (two); us (two); you and I; you and me


kai

From Proto-Afroasiatic [Term?]. Cognates include Mangas ka, Polci kii, Miship ɡɨ.

you (2nd person singular subject pronoun)

mákà (2nd person singular indirect object enclitic pronoun)

ká (2nd person singular independent object pronoun)

-kà (2nd person singular possessive enclitic pronoun)


kai

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kay, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ngay. Cognates include Hakka 𠊎 (ngài) and Burmese ငါ (nga).


lo

From Vulgar Latin *lo, *illu, from Latin illud, neuter of ille.

it (third-person singular neuter direct pronoun)


lo

head

lo (enclitic, contracted 'l, proclitic el, contracted proclitic l')

'l (contracted)
el (proclitic)
l' (contracted proclitic)
jo (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
mi (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
em (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
em (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
meu (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
nós (first-person formal majestic personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
ens (direct-object first-person formal majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
ens (first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
nostre (first-person formal majestic personal possessive pronoun singular)
tu (personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
et (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
et (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
teu (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vós (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
us (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
us (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
vostre (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vostè (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
el (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
l’ (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
li (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-li (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
seu (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ell (masculine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
el (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ella (feminine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
la (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-la (direct-object enclitic feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (feminine indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic feminine indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ho (direct-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-ho (direct-object enclitic neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun reflexive singular strong subjective third-person)
es (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
es (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
seu (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
nosaltres (first-person personal plural pronoun)
ens (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-nos (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
’ns (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
nostre (first-person personal plural pronoun)
vosaltres (personal plural pronoun second-person)
us (personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-vos (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
-us (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostre (personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostès (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
els (formal personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-los (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
’ls (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
seu (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
ells (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
elles (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
les (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-les (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
si (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
es (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
s’ (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
-se (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
’s (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
seu (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
en (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
n’ (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-ne (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
’n (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
hi (locative personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-hi (enclitic locative personal plural pronoun)

From Vulgar Latin *illu, from Latin illum, accusative of ille.


lo

him, it (third-person singular masculine accusative)

2 Generally preceded by a definite article


lo

Back-formation from co (“this”), to (“that”), based on la (“the”), ol (“it”).

Il esas mortinta de tri monati, e vu ne savas lo!

He's been dead for three months, and you didn't know it (that he's been dead for three months)!

referring to a previous sentence or phrase, i.e. a fact rather than an object; it, the


lo

From Betawi Kota lo (“you”), from Hokkien 汝 (lú). Doublet of lu.

Oke, kalau lo baper, yuk cabut.

(chiefly Jakarta, slang) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


lo

Tu lo audi? – Do you hear it?


lo

Lo conosci?

Quando te lo diedi.


lo

From Vulgar Latin *lo, *illu, from Latin illum; compare Old Occitan lo.

(9th and 10th centuries) Alternative form of le; masculine singular object pronoun


lo

lo (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling لوۡ)


lo

Contá-lo (contar)

Contámo-lo (contamos)

Fi-lo (fiz)

Ten-lo (tens)

Alternative form of o (third-person masculine singular objective pronoun) used as an enclitic and mesoclitic following a verb form ending in a consonant (-z, -r and -s, but not -m); the consonant is elided and the preceding vowel takes an accent if necessary


lo

As a masculine pronoun, from Latin illum, the accusative masculine singular of ille (“that, that one”). As an article or impersonal neuter pronoun, from Latin illud, the neuter singular of ille. Compare Portuguese o.

masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown

when the subject is plural and of mixed gender

Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity

Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to

lo veo

accusative of él, ello, and usted (when referring to a man); him, it, you (formal)

él

lo es

impersonal neuter pronoun (clitic form of ello); it, that


lo

ló (full-form)
kulo (locative)
yilo (copulative)
walo (class-1 possessive)
owalo (class-1 possessive possessive-substantive)
balo (class-2 possessive)
abalo (class-2 possessive possessive-substantive)
walo (class-3 possessive)
owalo (class-3 possessive possessive-substantive)
yalo (class-4 possessive)
eyalo (class-4 possessive possessive-substantive)
lalo (class-5 possessive)
elalo (class-5 possessive possessive-substantive)
alo (class-6 possessive)
awalo (class-6 possessive possessive-substantive)
salo (class-7 possessive)
esalo (class-7 possessive possessive-substantive)
zalo (class-8 possessive)
ezalo (class-8 possessive possessive-substantive)
yalo (class-9 possessive)
eyalo (class-9 possessive possessive-substantive)
zalo (class-10 possessive)
ezalo (class-10 possessive possessive-substantive)
lwalo (class-11 possessive)
olwalo (class-11 possessive possessive-substantive)
balo (class-14 possessive)
obalo (class-14 possessive possessive-substantive)
kwalo (class-15 possessive)
okwalo (class-15 possessive possessive-substantive)
kwalo (class-17 possessive)
okwalo (class-17 possessive possessive-substantive)


lo

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


abo

From Portuguese vós and Spanish vos and Kabuverdianu abo.


eux

From Old French els, from Latin illos, which is the accusative plural of ille.


ou

yours, your Second person singular possessive, o-type.


ou

Probably from French vous; compare Haitian Creole ou.

you (second-person singular formal personal pronoun)


ou

From Proto-Polynesian *au, from Proto-Oceanic *(i-)au, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.


either

From Middle English either, from Old English ǣġhwæþer, from *aiwon + *gahwaþera. Akin to Old Saxon eogihwethar, iahwethar (Low German jeed); Old Dutch *iogewether, *iowether, *iother (Dutch ieder); Old High German eogihwedar, iegihweder, ieweder (German jeder).

He made me two offers, but I did not accept either.

Hodgson may now have to bring in James Milner on the left and, on that basis, a certain amount of gloss was taken off a night on which Welbeck scored twice but barely celebrated either before leaving the pitch angrily complaining to the Slovakian referee.

2013 September 7, Daniel Taylor, “Danny Welbeck leads England's rout of Moldova but hit by Ukraine ban”, in The Guardian

One or the other of two people or things.

There have been three famous talkers in Great British, either of whom would illustrate what I say about dogmatists.

1872, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., The Poet at the Breakfast-Table


either

English: either

Scots: aither

From Old English ǣġþer, a contraction of ǣġhwæþer.


il

Inherited from Late Latin illī and Latin ille.

he, it (third-person singular masculine nominative)


il

head

il m (third-person singular, plural ils, accusative le, dative lui, emphatic lui, possessive determiner son)

ils (plural)
le (accusative)
lui (dative)
lui (emphatic)
son (determiner possessive)

From Middle French il, from Old French il, from Late Latin illī.

Il est parti.

he (third-person singular masculine subject pronoun for human subject)

Je cherche mon livre. Où est-il ?

it (third-person singular subject pronoun for grammatically masculine objects)

Il pleut.

(impersonal pronoun) Impersonal subject; it


il

il (plural ili, possessive ilua, possessive plural ilui)

ili (plural)
ilua (possessive)
ilui (plural possessive)


il

Il ha multe arbores illac.

personal pronoun used with impersonal verbs


il

French: il

it (impersonal, or referring to an unknown person)


il

Middle French: il
French: il

he (third-person masculine singular subject pronoun)


il

Middle French: ils

French: ils

S'il vos poent ataindre, ja vos areient tué.

If they could range you, they would have already killed you.

they (third-person masculine plural subject pronoun)


din

From Proto-West Germanic *þīn, whence also Old English þīn, Old Norse þínn.


kula

(Javanese, possibly obsolete) I (me, my)


이

From Middle Korean 이〮 (í, “this”), from Old Korean 是, 利 (*i, “this”). False cognate of Malayalam ഈ (ī, “this”) and other Dravidian terms.

false cognate

이 뭣고? (Zen Buddhist koan, Gyeongsang dialect)

대한민국 시민으로서 이는 납득할 수 없습니다.

As a citizen of the Republic of Korea, this is not something I can accept.

Daehanmin'guk simin-euroseo i-neun napdeukhal su eopseumnida.

(literary, formal or dialectal) this, this thing, this person


ko

Sinalo ko an bola.

An harong ko.

Sa taas ko.


ko

short form of ako (“1st person singular subject”)


ko

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ku, from Proto-Austronesian *-ku.

inh+

(uncommon, literary) my, mine, by me (object of verb; possessive marker)


ko

(Java, informal) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


ko

ko tu gribi apskatīt?

teksts, ko tu lasi

tas ir tas, ko es domāju


ko

Ko tu nori?


ko

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.


ko

kȍ (canonical)
ко̏ (Cyrillic)
tkȍ (nominative plural singular)
kȍ (nominative plural singular)
kȍg (genitive plural singular)
kòga (genitive plural singular)
kȍm (dative plural singular)
kòmu (dative plural singular)
kòme (dative plural singular)
kȍg (accusative plural singular)
kòga (accusative plural singular)
kòm (locative plural singular)
kòme (locative plural singular)
kȋm (instrumental plural singular)
kíme (instrumental plural singular)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷid, (compare *kʷis).

ko si ti?


ko

ang bahay ko

sa taas ko

Ang bola ay sinalo ko.

(literally, “The ball was caught by me.”)


ko

him/her/it (third-person singular object pronoun)


aye

(Jakarta, slang) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my


εγώ

From Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ, “I”), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Εγώ πάλεψα με αίμα, δάκρυα και ιδρώτα …

Egó pálepsa me aíma, dákrya kai idróta …

† These terms double as possessive pronouns. 1. Strong

emphatic personal pronouns are used to emphasise and are pronounced with greater stress. They can be used independently of a verb

clitic personal pronouns are monosyllabic. They will be dependent upon another word.3. In colloquial speech nominative forms may lose their initial ε

the use of an apostrophe in the written form is optional. e.g. ήρθα 'γώ4. Accusative forms lose their initial ε when following από

no apostrophe is used. The plural forms become monosyllabic and therefore lose the accent. e.g. για μας5. The final ν is optional

often being used before a following vowel.6. τις is used before a verb


koľko

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *koliko. First attested in the 16th century.


mes

es (nominative singular)
mes (nominative plural)
mane (genitive singular)
mani (genitive singular)
myusu (genitive plural)
maņ (dative singular)
mums (dative plural)
mani (accusative singular)
myus (accusative plural)
manī (locative singular)
myusūs (locative plural)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mes. Cognates include Latvian mēs and Lithuanian mes.


mes

(dialectal, archaic) we; alternative form of mēs


mes

mẽs (canonical)
àš (nominative singular)
mùdu m (dual nominative)
mùdvi f (dual nominative)
mẽs (nominative plural)
manę̃s (genitive singular)
mùdviejų (dual genitive)
mū́sų (genitive plural)
mán (dative singular)
mùdviem (dative dual)
mùms (dative plural)
manè (accusative singular)
mùdu m (accusative dual)
mùdvi f (accusative dual)
mùs (accusative plural)
manimì (instrumental singular)
manim̃ (instrumental singular)
mùdviem (dual instrumental)
mumìs (instrumental plural)
manyjè (locative singular)
manỹ (locative singular)
mùdviese (dual locative)
mumysè (locative plural)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mes; compare Latvian mēs, Old Prussian mes, Proto-Slavic *my; akin to Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ). This form in m replaced Proto-Indo-European *wéy (“we”), probably after the 1st person plural verbal suffix -me. At the East-Baltic stage, the oblique forms were rebuilt by analogy with jūs. Compare the Old Prussian oblique forms nūsan, nūmans, and Old Church Slavonic насъ, намъ (nasŭ, namŭ), from *n̥s-, nos-.


mes

From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, with the initial m- appearing due to influence from the first-person verbal suffix and the first-person singular object pronoun. Cognate with Latvian mēs, Lithuanian mẽs, Proto-Slavic *my, Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ).


æ

(Fjolde) I (first-person singular pronoun)


æ

(dialectal, Trøndelag, Northern Norway, Southern Norway) I (first-person singular personal pronoun)

Northern Norway; Southern Norway; Northern Norway; Southern Norway


les

jo (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
mi (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
em (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
em (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
meu (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
nós (first-person formal majestic personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
ens (direct-object first-person formal majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
ens (first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
nostre (first-person formal majestic personal possessive pronoun singular)
tu (personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
et (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
et (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
teu (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vós (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
us (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
us (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
vostre (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vostè (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
el (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
l’ (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
li (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-li (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
seu (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ell (masculine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
el (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ella (feminine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
la (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-la (direct-object enclitic feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (feminine indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic feminine indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ho (direct-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-ho (direct-object enclitic neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun reflexive singular strong subjective third-person)
es (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
es (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
seu (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
nosaltres (first-person personal plural pronoun)
ens (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-nos (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
’ns (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
nostre (first-person personal plural pronoun)
vosaltres (personal plural pronoun second-person)
us (personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-vos (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
-us (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostre (personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostès (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
els (formal personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-los (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
’ls (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
seu (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
ells (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
elles (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
les (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-les (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
si (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
es (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
s’ (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
-se (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
’s (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
seu (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
en (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
n’ (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-ne (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
’n (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
hi (locative personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-hi (enclitic locative personal plural pronoun)


les

them (third-person plural feminine accusative)


les

Inherited from Middle French les, from Old French les, from Latin illōs m and illās f which are the accusative plurals of ille.

3 Also used when a group has both men and women

4 Also used as third person plural reflexive


les

Inherited from Latin illīs, dative plural of ille.

dative of ellos and ellas; to them, for them

dative of ustedes; to you all, for you all (formal)

(dialectical) accusative of ellos or even ellas

(dialectical) accusative of ustedes when masculine or even feminine

Les pedí que por favor hagan silencio.

(gender-neutral, neologism) dative of elles; to them, for them


zo

Alternative form of vouzòt (“you, y'all; your, y'all's”)


fade

Fade teil.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 71

Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84

Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask what ails me, and for what;

He at nouth fade t'zey, llean vetch ee man,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90

He that knows what to say, mischief fetch the man,


tio

From ti- (demonstrative correlative prefix) + -o (correlative suffix of objects).

suf

that [thing] (demonstrative correlative of objects)


nia

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, compare Malay dia and Nias ia and Tagalog niya.


una

Inherited from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus.


una

una (absolutive singular)
uku (absolutive plural)
uuma (ergative singular)
ukua (ergative plural)
uumunnga (allative singular)
ukununnga (allative plural)
uumannga (ablative singular)
ukunannga (ablative plural)
uumuuna (prosecutive singular)
ukunuuna (plural prosecutive)
uumani (locative singular)
ukunani (locative plural)
uuminnga (instrumental singular)
ukuninnga (instrumental plural)
uumatut (equative singular)
ukunatut (equative plural)

From Proto-Inuit *ụ-nạ (“this near the speaker, here it is”), from Proto-Eskimo *u- (“this near, here it is”).

der

1992, Erik Münster (quoting anonymous), "Kinguaassiuutikkut nappaataava", Atuagagdliutit
Siggunni seerisut tassaapput herpes taakkulu qallunaatut taaguutit nuannarineqartut "forkølelses- imlt. kyssesår" atorneqarput, kiinami tinupasunut seerisunut, pingaartumik siggunni.
["Leakings/leakers"? (seerivoq + -toq)] on the mouth are herpes, and the Danish popular [probably a mistranslation of populær, which also means "widely used"] terms "forkølelses- or kyssesår" are used about leaking lumps in the face, especially on the mouth.

Naqitigaaqqat AIDS pillugu paasisitsiniutit Afrikami kujallermi umiarsualivinnut agguaanneqarsimapput umiartortut nappaassuarmut ulorianartumut taassumunnga mianersoqquniarlugit, ...

Pamphlets informing about AIDS were distributed to harbours in South Africa, so as to warn sailors against this dangerous big disease [nappaassuaq "big disease" might be idiomatic], ...

medial pronoun; that nearby, he/she/it nearby.


una

nominative/accusative feminine singular of unul


una

From Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).


una

one (an indefinite plural pronoun using a singular feminine item, used for females)


una

head

una (subject clitic o, possessive prefix i, Jawi ؤن)

o (clitic subjective)
i (possessive prefix)
ؤن (Jawi)

(masculine) third-person singular pronoun, he

unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific


bu

From Proto-Turkic *bu(-n) (“this”) Compare Old Turkic 𐰉𐰆 (b¹u /bu/, “this”).

Bunu bura kim gətirib?

Ya bunlarla əməkdaşlıq etmək lazımdır, ya onlarla. Hamısı ilə yox.

We should collaborate either with these or with those. Not with all.


bu

From Portuguese vós. Cognate with Kabuverdianu bo.


bu

bu (nominative singular)
bunlar (nominative plural)
bunu (accusative definite singular)
bunları (accusative definite plural)
buna (dative singular)
bunlara (dative plural)
bunda (locative singular)
bunlarda (locative plural)
bundan (ablative singular)
bunlardan (ablative plural)
bunun (genitive singular)
bunların (genitive plural)

From Ottoman Turkish بو (bu, “this”), from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (bu, “this”), from Proto-Turkic *bu(-n) (“this”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰉𐰆 (b¹u /bu/, “this”).

inh

Bu bir ev.

Bunu sevmedim.

Bunlar benim kitaplarım.

Bu kitaplar benim.


bu

this (demonstrative pronoun used to indicate a thing in the immediate vicinity of the speaker)


su

they (third person plural independent subject pronoun)

músù (3rd person plural indirect object enclitic pronoun)

sú (3rd person plural independent object pronoun)

-sù (3rd person plural possessive enclitic pronoun)


su

head

su (reflexive, possessive sua, possessive plural sui)

sua (possessive)
sui (plural possessive)

From Esperanto si, from French se, Italian sé, Spanish se, ultimately from Latin sē, from Proto-Indo-European *swé + -u (“personal pronoun ending”).

La soldati defensis su brave.

The soldiers defended themselves bravely.

self, oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves (reflexive pronoun, 3rd person, singular or plural)

The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered


su

Macanese: su

From Old Galician-Portuguese seu, from Latin suus, from Old Latin *sovos, from Proto-Indo-European *swoyos.

Já fallou par su pai aquêl mais piquin, […]

1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3

(Diu) third-person possessive pronoun; his; her; its


su

Su??


su

su (Greek spelling σού, strong personal pronoun)

† These terms double as possessive pronouns. All personal pronoun forms are displayed at evò.


su

From Indo-Portuguese su, from Old Galician-Portuguese seu.

Cad'unga co su telado

Atúto qui boniteza, ja dâ unga ucho pa su mai
Atúto is so sweet, he kissed his mother

Quiánca ta virá ficá nhum, nina azinha têm su sium.

A boy is growing into a young man, a girl quickly has her mister.

third-person reflexive possessive pronoun: his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own)


su

Egyptian: sn

Proto-Semitic: *šm

Hausa: sū


ave

iau (exclusive first-person personal pronoun singular)
amir (dual exclusive first-person personal pronoun)
mir (dual exclusive first-person personal pronoun)
amital (exclusive first-person paucal personal pronoun)
mital (exclusive first-person paucal personal pronoun)
avet (exclusive first-person personal plural pronoun)
ave (exclusive first-person personal plural pronoun)
dor (dual first-person inclusive personal pronoun)
datal (first-person inclusive paucal personal pronoun)
dat (first-person inclusive personal plural pronoun)
da (first-person inclusive personal plural pronoun)
u (personal pronoun second-person singular)
amur (dual personal pronoun second-person)
mur (dual personal pronoun second-person)
amutal (paucal personal pronoun second-person)
mutal (paucal personal pronoun second-person)
avat (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ava (personal plural pronoun second-person)
ia (personal pronoun singular third-person)
i (personal pronoun singular third-person)
dir (dual personal pronoun third-person)
di (dual personal pronoun third-person)
dital (paucal personal pronoun third-person)
diat (personal plural pronoun third-person)
dia (personal plural pronoun third-person)

First-person exclusive plural pronoun: they (many) and I, them (many) and me


kama

first person dual exclusive pronoun; the two of us, but not you


va

Va zad


va

jáz (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
já (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
ty (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mne (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
mě (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
tebe (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
tě (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sebe (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sě (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mně (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mi (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tobě (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
ti (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobě (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
si (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mě (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mne (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
tě (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
tebe (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sě (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sebe (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mně (first-person locative personal pronoun singular)
tobě (locative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobě (locative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mnú (first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
tobú (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
tebú (instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
sobú (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sebú (instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mój (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
tvój (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
svój (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
vě (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
va (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
ma (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
vy (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
najú (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
vajú (dual genitive personal pronoun second-person)
sebe (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
sě (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
náma (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
váma (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sobě (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
si (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
ny (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
najú (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
vy (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
vajú (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sě (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
sebe (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
najú (dual first-person locative personal pronoun)
vajú (dual locative personal pronoun second-person)
sobě (dual locative personal pronoun reflexive)
náma (dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
váma (dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
sobú (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
sebú (dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
náš (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
najú (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
váš (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
vajú (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
svój (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
my (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vy (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
nás (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
vás (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sebe (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sě (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nám (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
nem (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vám (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
vem (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobě (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
si (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
ny (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
nás (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
vy (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
vás (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sě (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sebe (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
nás (first-person locative personal plural pronoun)
vás (locative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobě (locative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
námi (first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
vámi (instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
sobú (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sebú (instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
náš (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
váš (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
svój (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

Derived from original vě by analogy with numbers dvě and dva. The pronouns vě and va were used interchangeably regardless of the gender.


va

Va göru?

(colloquial) Apocopic form of vad (“what”)


va

Attested in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651) as ua, va.
Compare Khmer វា (viə).

Người ấy trông chừng cũng đã nhiều tuổi, thấy tôi đến gần, vẫn nằm vắt chân chéo khoeo, kéo một hơi thẳng, không thở tị tí khói nào. Tôi biết ngay va là tay lão luyện.

1919, Phạm Duy Tốn, “Nước đời lắm nỗi”, in Tạp chí Nam Phong

He seemed like a fairly old guy; as he saw me approaching, he kept lying still with his legs crossed, took a deep hit yet not letting out a whit of smoke. I knew right away that he's a veteran [smoker].

(obsolete, literary) he/him; she/her; they/them (singular third person pronoun)