et

head

et (proclitic, contracted t', enclitic te, contracted enclitic 't)

t' (contracted)
te (enclitic)
't (contracted enclitic)
jo (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
mi (first-person personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
em (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (direct-object first-person objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (direct-object enclitic first-person objective personal pronoun singular weak)
em (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
m’ (first-person indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-me (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’m (enclitic first-person indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular weak)
meu (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
nós (first-person formal majestic personal pronoun singular strong subjective)
ens (direct-object first-person formal majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (direct-object enclitic first-person formal majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
ens (first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal proclitic pronoun singular weak)
-nos (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
’ns (enclitic first-person formal indirect-object majestic objective personal pronoun singular weak)
nostre (first-person formal majestic personal possessive pronoun singular)
tu (personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
et (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
et (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
t’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-te (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’t (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
teu (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vós (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
us (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
us (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-vos (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
-us (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
vostre (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
vostè (formal personal pronoun second-person singular strong subjective)
el (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
l’ (direct-object formal objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
li (formal indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular weak)
-li (enclitic formal indirect-object objective personal pronoun second-person singular weak)
seu (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ell (masculine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
el (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-lo (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
’l (direct-object enclitic masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object masculine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ella (feminine personal pronoun singular strong subjective third-person)
la (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
l’ (direct-object feminine objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-la (direct-object enclitic feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (feminine indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic feminine indirect-object objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
ho (direct-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-ho (direct-object enclitic neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
li (indirect-object neuter objective personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person weak)
-li (enclitic indirect-object neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person weak)
seu (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun reflexive singular strong subjective third-person)
es (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (direct-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (direct-object enclitic objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
es (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
s’ (indirect-object objective personal proclitic pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
-se (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
’s (enclitic indirect-object objective personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person weak)
seu (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
nosaltres (first-person personal plural pronoun)
ens (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-nos (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
’ns (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
nostre (first-person personal plural pronoun)
vosaltres (personal plural pronoun second-person)
us (personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-vos (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
-us (enclitic personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostre (personal plural pronoun second-person)
vostès (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
els (formal personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
-los (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
’ls (enclitic formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
seu (formal personal plural pronoun second-person)
ells (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
elles (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
les (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-les (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
els (feminine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-los (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
’ls (enclitic feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
seu (feminine personal plural pronoun third-person)
si (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
es (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
s’ (personal plural proclitic pronoun reflexive third-person)
-se (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
’s (enclitic personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
seu (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
en (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
n’ (ablative genitive personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-ne (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
’n (ablative enclitic genitive personal plural pronoun)
hi (locative personal plural proclitic pronoun)
-hi (enclitic locative personal plural pronoun)

Inherited from Latin tē (accusative of tū).

you, thee (singular, direct or indirect object)


et

ech (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular stressed)
mech (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mir (dative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular unstressed)
like dat. and acc. (first-person personal pronoun reflexive singular)
du (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
de (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
dech (accusative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
dir (dative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
like dat. and acc. (informal personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
Dir (formal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Der (formal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (accusative formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Iech [əɕ] (accusative formal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (dative formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Iech [əɕ] (dative formal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (formal personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
hien (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
en (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hien (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
him (dative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (masculine personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
se (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
si (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
se (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hir (dative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
er (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (feminine personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
hatt (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
et (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
't (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed clitic)
hatt (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
et (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
't (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed clitic)
him (dative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (neuter personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
mir (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun stressed)
mer (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun unstressed)
eis (ons) (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
eis (ons) (dative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
eis (ons) (first-person personal plural pronoun reflexive)
dir (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech [əɕ] (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
iech (dative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech [əɕ] (dative personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
iech (personal plural pronoun reflexive second-person)
si (nominative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
se (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
si (accusative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
se (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hinnen (dative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
en (dative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
sech (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)

From Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognate with German es, English it, Dutch het.


et

ik (ek) (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mî (mê, mik, mek) (accusative dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mîn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
mîner (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
dû (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dî (dê, dik, dek) (accusative dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîner (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
hê (hî, hie) (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēne (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (ȫne, ȫn) (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (et) (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sê (sî, sie, sü̂) (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēre (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
wî (wê, wie) (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
unser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
ûser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
gî (jê, î) (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
ûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sê (sî, sie) (accusative nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
em (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
öm (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēre (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)


et

From Old Frisian et, hit, from Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognates include West Frisian it and Dutch het.


no one

We went to the store but no one was there.

Sundrie greate perſonages bothe learned and well acquainted with affaires, haue both learnedly, and wiſely written of Politique matters, [...] howbeit there is no one among them all, that hath once buſied himſelfe about the ruling, or direction of the Publique eſtate, in that point, that apperteineth to the vocation of men, [...]

1578, [Pierre de la Place], “That the Vocation of Men, hath beene a Thing Vnknown vnto Philosophers, […]”, in Ægremont Ratcliffe [i.e., Egremont Radcliffe], transl., Politiqve Discourses, Treating of the Differences and Inequalities of Vocations, as well Publique, as Priuate: […], London: […] Edward Aggas, →OCLC, book I, folio 8, recto

Where Love preſumeth into place, / Let no one ſing in Loves diſgrace.

1684, John Boccacio [i.e., Giovanni Boccaccio], “The Sixth Novel. Sufficiently Declaring, that how Mighty Soever the Power of Love is, yet a Magnanimous and Truly Generous Heart, It Can by No Means Fully Conquer.”, in The Novels and Tales of the Renowned John Boccacio, the First Refiner of Italian Prose: […], 5th edition, London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 437

Many may boaſt finer eyes, a handſomer mouth, a more commanding figure; but no one can have a better turned ſhape, a fairer complexion, a whiter hand, a more delicate foot, a more benign aſpect, a more bewitching countenance. Without dazzling, ſhe engages, ſhe charms, and no one can tell how.

1763, J[ean-]J[acques] Rousseau, “Book V”, in [William Kenrick], transl., Emilius and Sophia: Or, A New System of Education. […], 2nd edition, volume IV, London: […] T. Becket and P. A. de Hondt […], →OCLC, pages 90–91

Receive us. We have wronged noöne, we have corrupted noöne, we have taken advantage of noöne.

1848, Jonathan Morgan, transl., The New Testament of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. […], stereotype edition, Portland, Or.: S. H. Colesworthy; […], II Corinthians 7:2, page 222, column 2

However, the transcendence of 2#x5C;sqrt#x7B;2#x7D; was so difficult a problem that noöne in the audience would live to see its solution. Within a few years, [Carl Ludwig] Siegel had proven this transcendence!

1991, Craig Smoryński, “Weak Formal Theories of Arithmetic”, in Logical Number Theory I: An Introduction (Universitext), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, page 269

And why has no one in the [rail] industry advocated for a universal requirement for face covering (even if it's just a scarf or old tea towel), [...]

2020 June 3, Christian Wolmar, “Unworkable Policies Cripple Our Beleaguered Railway”, in Rail, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 51

Used in contrast to anyone, someone or everyone: not one person; nobody.

No one athelete could pull off such a stunt!

No one solution on its own can generate successful change.

2017, Bob Doppelt, Leading Change toward Sustainability: A Change-Management Guide for Business, Government and Civil Society, 2nd edition, Routledge

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see no, one.

no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people


somebody

Somebody has to clean this mess up.

e.g. سَأَلَ سائِلٌ (saʔala sāʔilun, “somebody asked”, literally “an asker asked”)


ir

ich (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
i (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mi (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mir (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mier (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
min (first-person masculine personal possessive pronoun singular)
miin (first-person masculine personal possessive pronoun singular)
du (familiar nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dich (accusative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
di (accusative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
dir (dative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
dier (dative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
din (familiar masculine personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
diin (familiar masculine personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
Si (accusative nominative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
Ine (dative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
Ene (dative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
-ne (dative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
Ire (masculine personal polite possessive pronoun second-person singular)
er (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
im (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sin (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
siin (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
si (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ire (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ire (feminine masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
es (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
's (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
-s (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
im (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sin (masculine neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
siin (masculine neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person)
mir (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
mer (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
üs (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
öis (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
ois (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
eus (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
üse (first-person masculine personal plural possessive pronoun)
öise (first-person masculine personal plural possessive pronoun)
oise (first-person masculine personal plural possessive pronoun)
euse (first-person masculine personal plural possessive pronoun)
ir (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ier (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
öi (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eu (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
öie (masculine personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
eure (masculine personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
si (accusative nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ine (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ene (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
-ne (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ire (masculine personal plural possessive pronoun third-person)

From Old High German ir, from Proto-Germanic *jīz, a variant of *jūz.


ir

From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Compare German ihr.

ye, you (plural) (only in Southeastern texts)


ir

Alemannic German: ir

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)

Mòcheno: ir

Central Franconian: ühr, ihr, dihr (d- from verb ending by rebracketing)

Hunsrik: deer

Luxembourgish: dir

German: ihr

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: dihr

desc

Yiddish: איר (ir), איהר (ihr) — Daytshmerish

From Old High German ir, from Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.


ir

i (first-person personal pronoun singular)
biar (first-person personal plural pronoun)
du (personal pronoun second-person singular)
ir (personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (personal pronoun singular third-person)
sei (personal plural pronoun third-person)

From Middle High German ir, from Old High German ir, from Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jīz. Cognate with German ihr, English ye.


ir

ih (first-person nominative singular)
ihha, ihcha (first-person nominative singular)
mīn (first-person genitive singular)
mir (dative first-person singular)
mih (accusative first-person singular)
dū (nominative second-person singular)
dīn (genitive second-person singular)
dir (dative second-person singular)
dih (accusative second-person singular)
er (masculine nominative singular third-person)
her (masculine nominative singular third-person)
sīn (genitive masculine singular third-person)
imu (dative masculine singular third-person)
imo (dative masculine singular third-person)
inan (accusative masculine singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine singular third-person)
siu (feminine nominative singular third-person)
sī (feminine nominative singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative singular third-person)
ira (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iro (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (dative feminine singular third-person)
iro (dative feminine singular third-person)
sia (accusative feminine singular third-person)
iz (neuter nominative singular third-person)
es (genitive neuter singular third-person)
is (genitive neuter singular third-person)
imu (dative neuter singular third-person)
imo (dative neuter singular third-person)
iz (accusative neuter singular third-person)
wir (first-person nominative plural)
unsēr (first-person genitive plural)
uns (dative first-person plural)
unsih (accusative first-person plural)
ir (nominative plural second-person)
iuwēr (genitive plural second-person)
iu (dative plural second-person)
iuwih (accusative plural second-person)
sie (masculine nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive masculine plural third-person)
im (dative masculine plural third-person)
in (dative masculine plural third-person)
sie (accusative masculine plural third-person)
sio (feminine nominative plural third-person)
iro (feminine genitive plural third-person)
im (dative feminine plural third-person)
in (dative feminine plural third-person)
sio (accusative feminine plural third-person)
siu (neuter nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive neuter plural third-person)
im (dative neuter plural third-person)
in (dative neuter plural third-person)
siu (accusative neuter plural third-person)
ir (nominative second-person)
iuwēr (genitive second-person)
iu (dative second-person)
iuwih (accusative second-person)

Middle High German: ir

Alemannic German: ir

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)

Mòcheno: ir

Hunsrik: deer

Luxembourgish: dir

German: ihr

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: dihr

From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

Lékza ih therara búachi / iu sentu in suábo richi,
thaz ir irkíaset ubar ál, / oba siu frúma wesan scal;
Oba ir hiar fíndet iawiht thés / thaz wírdig ist thes lésannes:
I send to you in Swabia the selection of books,
so that you can decide above all if it will be useful;
[and] if you find here something that is worthy of being read.
(quoted in and tr. by Horst J. Simon in Taavitsainen & Jucker 2003:88)

late 9th century, Otfrid of Weissenburg, Letter to Bishop Salomo of Constance v. 5-7

(polite) you (second-person singular pronoun)


ir

īr (canonical)
iak (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
iæk (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
hōn (feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
þæt (neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
mik (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mek (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
þik (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sik (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
hana (feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
hōna (feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
mǣ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mǣr (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mik (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
þǣ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
þǣr (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
þik (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sǣ (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sǣr (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
sik (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
hōnum (dative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hānum (dative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hænni (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
þȳ (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
þī (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
mīn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
þīn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sīn (genitive personal pronoun reflexive singular)
hans (genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
hænna (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
hænnar (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
þæs (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
vit (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
it (dual nominative personal pronoun)
oker (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
iker (accusative dual personal pronoun)
sik (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
oker (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
iker (dative dual personal pronoun)
sǣr (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
sik (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
okar (dual first-person genitive personal pronoun)
ikar (dual genitive personal pronoun)
sīn (dual genitive personal pronoun reflexive)
vī (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
vīr (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
ī(r) (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þē (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þēr (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þā (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þār (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þø̄n (nominative personal plural pronoun)
þēn (nominative personal plural pronoun)
os (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
ōs (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
iþer (accusative personal plural pronoun)
sik (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
þā (accusative personal plural pronoun)
þār (accusative personal plural pronoun)
þø̄n (accusative personal plural pronoun)
þē (accusative personal plural pronoun)
þēn (accusative personal plural pronoun)
os (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
ōs (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
iþer (dative personal plural pronoun)
sǣr (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
sik (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
þēm (dative personal plural pronoun)
þø̄m (dative personal plural pronoun)
þom (dative personal plural pronoun)
vār (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
iþar (genitive personal plural pronoun)
sīn (genitive personal plural pronoun reflexive)
þēra (genitive personal plural pronoun)

Swedish: I, ni (← hafven I)

From Old East Norse *īʀ (compare West Norse ér), from Proto-Germanic *jīz, variant of *jūz.


ir

Third-person singular pronoun; he, she, it


sin

Han læste sin bog

Compare: Han læste hans bog

(reflexive possessive) third-person sg pronoun, meaning his/her/its (own)


sin

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-sin.wav


sin

head

sin (feminine singular sina, masculine plural sins, feminine plural sines)

sina (feminine singular)
sins (masculine plural)
sines (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *seum. Doublet of son (possessive determiner).

his, her, its (third-person singular possessor)

2 Generally preceded by a definite article


sin

sin (mutation mutation-radical)
shin (lenition mutation)
tsin (lenition mutation)

From Middle Irish sin, from Old Irish sin.

Sin é mo dheartháir.

Ó cad é sin don té sin nach mbaineann sin dó?

(Can we date this quote?), “Cad é sin don té sin [What is that to anyone]”

Oh what is that to him whom that doesn't concern?


sin

sîn (canonical)
ik (ek) (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mî (mê, mik, mek) (accusative dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mîn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
mîner (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
dû (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dî (dê, dik, dek) (accusative dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîner (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
hê (hî, hie) (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēne (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (ȫne, ȫn) (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (et) (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sê (sî, sie, sü̂) (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēre (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
wî (wê, wie) (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
unser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
ûser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
gî (jê, î) (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
ûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sê (sî, sie) (accusative nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
em (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
öm (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēre (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)
sîn (masculine nominative strong)
sînen (accusative masculine strong)
sînem (sînenⁿᵒᵗᵉ) (dative masculine strong)
sîneme (sînenⁿᵒᵗᵉ) (dative masculine strong)
sînes (genitive masculine strong)
sîn (neuter nominative strong)
sîn (accusative neuter strong)
sînem (sînenⁿᵒᵗᵉ) (dative neuter strong)
sîneme (sînenⁿᵒᵗᵉ) (dative neuter strong)
sînes (genitive neuter strong)
sîn (feminine nominative strong)
sîne (accusative feminine strong)
sîner (dative feminine genitive strong)
sînere (dative feminine genitive strong)
sîne (accusative nominative plural strong)
sînen (dative plural strong)
sîner (genitive plural strong)
sînere (genitive plural strong)
sîne (masculine nominative weak)
sînen (accusative masculine weak)
sînen (dative genitive masculine weak)
sîne (neuter nominative weak)
sîne (accusative neuter weak)
sînen (dative genitive neuter weak)
sîne (feminine nominative weak)
sînen (accusative feminine weak)
sînen (dative feminine genitive weak)
sînen (nominative plural weak)
sînen (accusative plural weak)
sînen (dative genitive plural weak)

sîner

for the genitive of the personal pronoun

lohant ret her Zeno hen na Verona to dem vader sin.

John rode Sir Zeno to Verona, to the father of his.

(personal pronoun, third person, in the singular, masculine, genitive) of his

(personal pronoun, third person, in the singular, neuter, genitive) of it

(possessive, third person, in the singular, masculine) his

(possessive, third person, neuter, masculine) its


sin

From Old Frisian sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn.


sin

sīn (canonical)
sīn (masculine nominative singular)
sīn (feminine nominative singular)
sīn (neuter nominative singular)
sīnne (accusative masculine singular)
sīne (accusative feminine singular)
sīn (accusative neuter singular)
sīnes (genitive masculine singular)
sīnre (feminine genitive singular)
sīnes (genitive neuter singular)
sīnum (dative masculine singular)
sīnre (dative feminine singular)
sīnum (dative neuter singular)
sīne (instrumental masculine singular)
sīnre (feminine instrumental singular)
sīne (instrumental neuter singular)
sīne (masculine nominative plural)
sīna (feminine nominative plural)
sīne (feminine nominative plural)
sīn (neuter nominative plural)
sīne (accusative masculine plural)
sīna (accusative feminine plural)
sīne (accusative feminine plural)
sīn (accusative neuter plural)
sīnra (genitive masculine plural)
sīnra (feminine genitive plural)
sīnra (genitive neuter plural)
sīnum (dative masculine plural)
sīnum (dative feminine plural)
sīnum (dative neuter plural)
sīnum (instrumental masculine plural)
sīnum (feminine instrumental plural)
sīnum (instrumental neuter plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *sīn (“his, her, its, their”, genitive reflexive).
Cognate with Old Frisian sīn (“his, its”), Old Saxon sīn (“his”) (Middle Low German sin), Dutch zijn, Old High German sīn (“his”) (German sein), Old Norse sínn (“one's own”), Old English sē (“that, that one, he”). More at the.

inh

him ġewāt Hrōþgār tō hofe sīnum

þæt wīf tredeð mid sīnum fōtum

þeċ heriað Israhēla, herran sīnne

Bær sēo brimwylf hringa þengel tō hofe sīnum

The sea-wolf carried the Prince of Rings to her lair

(rare, chiefly dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun) his; her; its; their


sin

From Proto-Celtic *sindos (compare Welsh hyn), from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or *só (“that”); strong doublet of in (“the”).

Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sa sin.

It is in the person of Christ that I do that.

that (as a direct object, used together with a clitic pronoun)


sin

Dè tha sin?


sin

sitt (neuter)
sina (plural)
jag (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mig (first-person oblique personal pronoun singular)
mej (colloquial first-person oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling singular)
min (first-person personal possessed-common possessive pronoun singular)
mitt (first-person personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular)
mina (first-person personal possessed-many possessive pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dig (oblique personal pronoun second-person singular)
dej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling second-person singular)
din (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ditt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person singular)
han (masculine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
honom (masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
han (informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (dialectal informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hans (masculine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hon (feminine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
henne (feminine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hennes (feminine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
henom (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
hens (gender-neutral neologism personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (common-gender personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (neuter personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
man (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
ens (indefinite personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sig (oblique personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive singular third-person)
sin (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sitt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
vi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
oss (first-person oblique personal plural pronoun)
vår (first-person personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
våran (first-person informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
vårt (first-person personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
vårat (first-person informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
våra (first-person personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun)
ni (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eran (informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
ers (formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
ert (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
erat (informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
era (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
I (archaic nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eders (archaic formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
edert (archaic personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
edra (archaic personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
de (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial nominative personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
dem (oblique personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
deras (personal plural possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun third-person)
sig (oblique personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive third-person)
sin (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sitt (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sina (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)

From Old Swedish sīn, from Old Norse sínn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with Danish sin, Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (seins), German sein, Dutch zijn.

Han hämtade sin post för tio minuter sedan.

He picked up his (own) mail ten minutes ago.

Han hämtade hans post för tio minuter sedan.

He picked up his (somebody else’s) mail ten minutes ago.

Hon samlar sina dikter i en låda.

Hunden tycker inte om sitt halsband.

De tog sina papper och lämnade mötet.

They gathered their papers and left the meeting.

his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own). (Reflexive possessive third person pronoun).


someone

From Middle English sum on, sum one, sum oon, equivalent to some + one.

Can someone help me, please?

Can you get me someone more knowledgeable?

One or some person of unspecified or indefinite identity.

Some translation dictionaries have used the abbreviation s.o.


From Middle English none, noon, non (“not one”), from Old English nān (“not one, not any, none”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz (“none, nought, nothing”), equivalent to ne (“not”) + one. (Regarding the different phonological development of only and one, see the note in one.)
Cognate with Scots nane (“none”), Saterland Frisian naan, neen (“no, not any, none”), West Frisian neen & gjin (“no, none”), Dutch neen & geen (“no, none”), Low German nēn, neen (“none, no one”), German nein & kein (“no, none”), Latin nōn (“not”).

(relevant negative verb + man (+ann/idir)) can be used

(relevant negative verb + relevant noun (+ann/idir)) can be used

there are none so blind as those who will not see

there's none so blind as those who will not see

None of those people is my father.

Not any of a given number or group.
No one, nobody.

None of those people are my parents.

Alas, none of these people were writing the reviews.

2006, Clive James, North Face of Soho, page 253

Not any of a given number or group.
No person.

None of those is a good example. None are even acceptable.

None of this meat tastes right.


rin

you, second person singular pronoun, as object


rin

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-rin.wav


だ

2018, 青森県警察 [Aomori Prefectural Police], 方言を活用した広報標語: 交通事故防止広報 https://www.police.pref.aomori.jp/keimubu/kouhou/hyougo.html
な、だだば 通じなければ 偽息子
na, da daba tsūjinakereba nise-musuko
(Tsugaru and standard Japanese) "Who are you? [in Tsugaru dialect]" — if he doesn't understand, that's not your son


hare

Sy het my hemp aangehad en ek hare.


hare

Alternative form of hire (“her”, object)


wet

ek (unstr. *ik) (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
þū (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
*se- (nominative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mek (unstr. *mik) (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
þek (unstr. *þik) (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sek (unstr. *sik) (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
miz (dative first-person instrumental personal pronoun singular)
þiz (dative instrumental personal pronoun second-person singular)
siz (dative instrumental personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mīnaz (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
þīnaz (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
sīnaz (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
wet (unstr. *wit) (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
jut (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
jit (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
*se- (dual nominative personal pronoun reflexive)
unk (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
inkw (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sek (unstr. *sik) (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
unkiz (dative dual first-person instrumental personal pronoun)
inkwiz (dative dual instrumental personal pronoun second-person)
siz (dative dual instrumental personal pronoun reflexive)
unkeraz (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
inkweraz (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
sīnaz (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
wīz (unstr. *wiz) (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
jūz (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jīz (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
*se- (nominative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
uns (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
izwiz (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sek (unstr. *sik) (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
unsiz (dative first-person instrumental personal plural pronoun)
izwiz (dative instrumental personal plural pronoun second-person)
siz (dative instrumental personal plural pronoun reflexive)
unseraz (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
izweraz (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
sīnaz (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wit
Old English: wit
Middle English: wit
Old Frisian: wit
North Frisian: wat
Old Saxon: wit

Old Norse: vit, mit
Icelandic: við
Faroese: vit
Middle Norwegian: mið
Norwegian Nynorsk: me, mid; (dialectal) mið
Jamtish: mæð
Elfdalian: wįð
Old Swedish: vit

Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍄 (wit)

According to Ringe (2017), from Proto-Indo-European *wé-dwo. Ringe, in turn, cites Cowgill (1985b: 15-16 with references). Cf. Lithuanian mùdu.


q

From similarity pronunciation of q in English and -ku in Indonesian.

(text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of aku.


q

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of que.

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of quê (“what”).


q

Hay un policía en la ruta q más uso.

There's a cop on the route that I use the most.

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of que (“that”).

q pasó?

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of qué (“what”).


mana

inflection of mans:
genitive singular masculine

inflection of mans:
nominative/vocative singular feminine


bi

From Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”). Compare Mongolian би (bi).

I (first-person singular personal pronoun)


bi

From Proto-Mongolic *bi. Compare Mongolian би (bi) and Dongxiang bi.


bi

From Proto-Tungusic *bi. Cognate with Evenki би (bi) and Manchu ᠪᡳ (bi).


bi

Middle Mongol:

Mongolian: ᠪᠢ (bi)

Phags-Pa: ꡎꡞ

Arabic: بي (bi) (Muqaddimat)

Chinese: [script needed] (bi) (Secret History)

Central Mongolic:

Classical Mongolian: ᠪᠢ (bi)

Khalkha Mongolian: би (bi)

Buryat: би (bi)

Khamnigan Mongol: би

Ordos: /bi/

Oirat:

Kalmyk: би (bi)

South Mongolic:

East Yugur: bu

Shirongolic:

Mangghuer: bi, bu

Bonan: be

Kangjia: bi

Dongxiang: bi

Daur: bii

Mogholi: bi

Compare Proto-Turkic *bẹ and Proto-Tungusic *bi. Compare Turkish ben, Evenki би (bi).
Whether this similarity is due to inheritance (now considered highly unlikely), borrowing or coincidence is a highly contentious question among specialists in these languages which is of crucial significance for the Altaic debate.


bi

Jurchenic:

Jurchen: bi, 必 (bi)

Manchu: ᠪᡳ (bi)

Xibe: ᠪᡳ (bi)

Tungusic:

North Tungusic:

Evenki: би (bi)

Even: би (ʙi)

Negidal: би (bi)

South Tungusic:

Central:

Oroch: би (bi)

Udihe: би (bi)

South-Eastern:

Nanai: ми (mi)

Orok: би (bi)

Ulch: би (bi)

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Turkic *bẹ (“I”).


ano

From Proto-Philippine *qanú, From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anu.


ano

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qanú, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anu, from Proto-Austronesian *(na-)nu.

Ano an ginigibo mo?


ano

ano (emphatic first-person singular)
sashno (emphatic first-person singular)
pishno (emphatic first-person paucal)
hapishno (emphatic first-person plural)
ammi (first-person singular)
pimmi (first-person paucal)
hapimmi (first-person plural)
chishno (emphatic second-person singular)
hachishno (emphatic paucal plural second-person)
chimmi (second-person singular)
hachimmi (paucal plural second-person)
yamma (emphatic paucal third-person)
ilap (paucal third-person)

Freestanding form of suffix a̱-. Cognate with Chickasaw ano, Alabama ana, Mikasuki aani, Creek vne


ano

tl-pron

anó (plural ano-ano, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜓ)

anó (canonical)
ano-ano (plural)
ᜀᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

term used for any object whose actual name the speaker does not know, avoids, or cannot remember: thingamajig, whatchamacallit


meer

ich (first-person nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular)
eich (first-person nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular)
-ich (enclitic first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed unstressed)
meich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed unstressed)
meer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular unstressed)
m'r (dative first-person personal pronoun singular unstressed)
du (informal nominative personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
dau (informal nominative personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
Dau (informal nominative personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
-du (enclitic informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
-de (enclitic informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
-Dau (enclitic informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
-De (enclitic informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dich (accusative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed unstressed)
deich (accusative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed unstressed)
Deich (accusative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed unstressed)
deer (dative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
d'r (dative informal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
D'r (dative informal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
er (masculine nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
där (masculine nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
-er (enclitic masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihn (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
ihm (dative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sie (feminine nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
-se (enclitic feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
sie (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
ihns (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
se (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
eer (dative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
ehr (dative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
re (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
es (neuter nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
et (neuter nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
't (neuter nominative personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
's (enclitic neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
et (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
-et (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
-'t (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
ihm (dative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
meer (first-person nominative personal plural proclitic pronoun)
mer (enclitic first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
uns (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed unstressed)
uhs (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed unstressed)
deer (nominative personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
Ehr (nominative personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
Dehr (nominative personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
eich (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed unstressed)
Auch (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed unstressed)
sie (nominative personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
-se (enclitic nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
sie (accusative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
se (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
denne (dative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person unstressed)

From Middle High German wir, from Old High German wir, from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, *wiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy-, plural of *éǵh₂.
Compare German wir, Pennsylvania German mer, Yiddish מיר (mir), English we.


meer

From Middle High German mir (“me”), from Old High German mir (“me”), from Proto-West Germanic *miʀ, from Proto-Germanic *miz (“me”), from Proto-Indo-European *(e)me-, *(e)me-n- (“me”). Cognate with Old English mē (“me”).


o-

Cognate with Tehit w- (“third-person singular masculine prefix”).

cog

(masculine) third-person singular clitic, he

unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific


du

ich (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
miar (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
du (familiar nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dich (accusative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
diar (dative familiar personal pronoun second-person singular)
iart (nominative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
ach (accusative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
òich (dative personal polite pronoun second-person singular)
èar (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ar (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
iime (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
zi (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ze (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
iar (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
is (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
's (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
iime (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
bar (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
bandare (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
zich (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
izàndarn (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
iart (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
iartàndare (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
artàndare (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
òich (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ach (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ogàndarn (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ze (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
zòi (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
zandare (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
zich (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)
innàndarn (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
i (first-person personal pronoun singular)
biar (first-person personal plural pronoun)
du (personal pronoun second-person singular)
iar (personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun singular third-person)
'z (personal pronoun singular third-person)
se (personal plural pronoun third-person)

From Middle High German du, from Old High German dū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū. Cognate with German du, archaic English thou (modern dialectal tha).

Bobrall du geast, gedenkhte ber du pist.

(Luserna, Sette Comuni) you (thou, singular familiar)


du

From Old Danish thu, from Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”). Cognate with English thou, Latin tū, Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), Avestan 𐬙𐬏𐬨 (tūm), Russian ты (ty).

thou, you (2nd person singular subject pronoun, informal)


du

From Middle Dutch du, from Old Dutch thū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Sy roept, du bist een slaef, in mijne dienst gebonden

1620, Jacob Cats, Velt-teycken, alle eerbare jonge lieden toegeeygent

She calls, thou art a slave, bound to my service

Soo leyt dyn memmetje dy in dyn wiechje te rust.

So thy mama lays thee to rest in thy cradle.

(obsolete or dialectal) Second-person singular informal pronoun; thou


du

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognate with Swedish du.


du

ich (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun singular)
-e (nominative personal pronoun singular)
er (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
sie (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
-se (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
wir (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
ihr (nominative personal plural pronoun)
sie (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
-se (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
Sie (nominative personal pronoun)
Ihr (nominative personal pronoun)
meiner (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
mein (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
deiner (genitive personal pronoun singular)
dein (genitive personal pronoun singular)
seiner (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sein (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihrer (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
seiner (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sein (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
unser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
euer (genitive personal plural pronoun)
ihrer (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)
Ihrer (genitive personal pronoun)
Euer (genitive personal pronoun)
mir (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
dir (dative personal pronoun singular)
ihm (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihr (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihm (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
uns (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
euch (dative personal plural pronoun)
ihnen (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
Ihnen (dative personal pronoun)
Euch (dative personal pronoun)
mich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
dich (accusative personal pronoun singular)
ihn (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sie (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
-se (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
uns (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
euch (accusative personal plural pronoun)
sie (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)
-se (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)
Sie (accusative personal pronoun)
Euch (accusative personal pronoun)

From Middle High German du, duo, dū, from Old High German dū (akin to Old Saxon thū and English thou), itself from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.


du

From Middle High German and Old High German dū (akin to Old Saxon thū and English thou), itself from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Du bist aarich scheen.


du

ech (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular stressed)
mech (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mir (dative first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular unstressed)
like dat. and acc. (first-person personal pronoun reflexive singular)
du (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
de (informal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
dech (accusative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
dir (dative informal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
like dat. and acc. (informal personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
Dir (formal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Der (formal nominative personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (accusative formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Iech [əɕ] (accusative formal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (dative formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
Iech [əɕ] (dative formal personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
Iech (formal personal pronoun reflexive second-person singular)
hien (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
en (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hien (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
him (dative masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (masculine personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
se (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
si (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
se (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hir (dative feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
er (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (feminine personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
hatt (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
et (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
't (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed clitic)
hatt (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
et (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
't (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed clitic)
him (dative neuter personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
em (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
sech (neuter personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
mir (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun stressed)
mer (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun unstressed)
eis (ons) (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
eis (ons) (dative first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
eis (ons) (first-person personal plural pronoun reflexive)
dir (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech [əɕ] (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
iech (dative personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
iech [əɕ] (dative personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
iech (personal plural pronoun reflexive second-person)
si (nominative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
se (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
si (accusative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
se (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hinnen (dative personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
en (dative personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
sech (personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)

Wéi al bass du?

second-person singular, informal, nominative: you, thou


du

ic (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
hi (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
het (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
wi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
gi (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
si (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
mi (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
di (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
hem (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
haer (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
het (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
ons (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
u (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
hem (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)
hen (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)
mi (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
di (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
hem (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
haer (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
hem (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
ons (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
u (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
hem (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
hen (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
mijn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
dijn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
sijn (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
haer (feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
sijn (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
onse (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
uwe (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
haer (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)

Dutch: (obsolete) du, dou, douw

Limburgish: doe

From Old Dutch thū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.


du

du (canonical)
dû (canonical)
ich (first-person nominative singular)
mîn (first-person genitive singular)
mir (dative first-person singular)
mich (accusative first-person singular)
du (nominative second-person singular)
dû (nominative second-person singular)
dîn (genitive second-person singular)
dir (dative second-person singular)
dich (accusative second-person singular)
ër (masculine nominative singular third-person)
sîn (genitive masculine singular third-person)
im (dative masculine singular third-person)
ime (dative masculine singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine singular third-person)
siu (sî, si) (feminine nominative singular third-person)
ir (feminine genitive singular third-person)
ire (feminine genitive singular third-person)
ir (dative feminine singular third-person)
ire (dative feminine singular third-person)
sie (sî, si) (accusative feminine singular third-person)
ëȥ (neuter nominative singular third-person)
es (genitive neuter singular third-person)
im (dative neuter singular third-person)
ime (dative neuter singular third-person)
ëȥ (accusative neuter singular third-person)
wir (first-person nominative plural)
unser (first-person genitive plural)
uns (dative first-person plural)
unsich (accusative first-person plural)
uns (accusative first-person plural)
ir (nominative plural second-person)
iuwer (genitive plural second-person)
iu (dative plural second-person)
iuch (accusative plural second-person)
sie (sî, si) (masculine nominative plural third-person)
ir (genitive masculine plural third-person)
ire (genitive masculine plural third-person)
in (dative masculine plural third-person)
sie (sî, si) (accusative masculine plural third-person)
sie (sî, si) (feminine nominative plural third-person)
ir (feminine genitive plural third-person)
ire (feminine genitive plural third-person)
in (dative feminine plural third-person)
sie (sî, si) (accusative feminine plural third-person)
siu (neuter nominative plural third-person)
sî, si (neuter nominative plural third-person)
ir (genitive neuter plural third-person)
ire (genitive neuter plural third-person)
in (dative neuter plural third-person)
siu (sî, si) (accusative neuter plural third-person)

Alemannic German: du

Swabian: dau, d

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: du

Mòcheno: du

Central Franconian: du, dou

Hunsrik: du

Kölsch: do

German: du

Luxembourgish: du

Rhine Franconian:

Palatine German: du

Pennsylvania German: du

Yiddish: דו (du)

Inherited from Old High German dū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

(personal) you (thou, singular familiar)


du

dû (canonical)
ik (ek) (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mî (mê, mik, mek) (accusative dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mîn (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
mîner (first-person genitive personal pronoun singular)
dû (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dî (dê, dik, dek) (accusative dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîn (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
dîner (genitive personal pronoun second-person singular)
hê (hî, hie) (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēne (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (ȫne, ȫn) (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
it (et) (accusative neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēme (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (ȫme, en) (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîn (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sîner (genitive neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
sê (sî, sie, sü̂) (accusative feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēre (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (dative feminine genitive personal pronoun singular third-person)
wî (wê, wie) (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) (accusative dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
unser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
ûser (first-person genitive personal plural pronoun)
gî (jê, î) (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) (accusative dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
jûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
ûwer (genitive personal plural pronoun second-person)
sê (sî, sie) (accusative nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
em (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
öm (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēre (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)
ēr (ērer, ȫrer) (genitive personal plural pronoun third-person)

du

From Old Saxon thū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

thou, you (second person singular nominative)


du

i (first-person personal pronoun singular)
biar (first-person personal plural pronoun)
du (personal pronoun second-person singular)
ir (personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal pronoun singular third-person)
si (personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (personal pronoun singular third-person)
sei (personal plural pronoun third-person)


du

From Old Norse þú (“you”), from Proto-Germanic *þū (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).


du

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Akin to English thou.


du

dū (canonical)
ih (first-person nominative singular)
ihha, ihcha (first-person nominative singular)
mīn (first-person genitive singular)
mir (dative first-person singular)
mih (accusative first-person singular)
dū (nominative second-person singular)
dīn (genitive second-person singular)
dir (dative second-person singular)
dih (accusative second-person singular)
er (masculine nominative singular third-person)
her (masculine nominative singular third-person)
sīn (genitive masculine singular third-person)
imu (dative masculine singular third-person)
imo (dative masculine singular third-person)
inan (accusative masculine singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine singular third-person)
siu (feminine nominative singular third-person)
sī (feminine nominative singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative singular third-person)
ira (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iro (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (dative feminine singular third-person)
iro (dative feminine singular third-person)
sia (accusative feminine singular third-person)
iz (neuter nominative singular third-person)
es (genitive neuter singular third-person)
is (genitive neuter singular third-person)
imu (dative neuter singular third-person)
imo (dative neuter singular third-person)
iz (accusative neuter singular third-person)
wir (first-person nominative plural)
unsēr (first-person genitive plural)
uns (dative first-person plural)
unsih (accusative first-person plural)
ir (nominative plural second-person)
iuwēr (genitive plural second-person)
iu (dative plural second-person)
iuwih (accusative plural second-person)
sie (masculine nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive masculine plural third-person)
im (dative masculine plural third-person)
in (dative masculine plural third-person)
sie (accusative masculine plural third-person)
sio (feminine nominative plural third-person)
iro (feminine genitive plural third-person)
im (dative feminine plural third-person)
in (dative feminine plural third-person)
sio (accusative feminine plural third-person)
siu (neuter nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive neuter plural third-person)
im (dative neuter plural third-person)
in (dative neuter plural third-person)
siu (accusative neuter plural third-person)
ir (nominative second-person)
iuwēr (genitive second-person)
iu (dative second-person)
iuwih (accusative second-person)

Middle High German: du

Alemannic German: du

Swabian: dau, d

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: du

Mòcheno: du

Central Franconian: du, dou

Hunsrik: du

Kölsch: do

German: du

Luxembourgish: du

Rhine Franconian:

Palatine German: du

Pennsylvania German: du

Yiddish: דו (du)

From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the Bülach fibula, which may show ᛞᚢ (du) already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ þu.

ᚠᚱᛁᚠᚱᛁᛞᛁᛚ / ᛞᚢ / ...
frifridil / du / […]
frifridil / du / ...
frifridil / du / […]

6th-7th century, inscription on the Bülach fibula

thou, you (second-person singular pronoun)


du

ich (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun singular)
de (nominative personal pronoun singular)
dihr (nominative personal pronoun singular)
Sie (nominative personal pronoun singular)
er (masculine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
sie (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
se (feminine nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
mir (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
mer (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
dihr (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sie (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
mir (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
mer (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
dir (dative personal pronoun singular)
eich (dative personal pronoun singular)
Ihne (dative personal pronoun singular)
Ne (dative personal pronoun singular)
ihm (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (dative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihre (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
re (dative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ihm (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
em (dative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
uns (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
eich (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
ihne (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
ne (dative personal plural pronoun third-person)
mich (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
dich (accusative personal pronoun singular)
eich (accusative personal pronoun singular)
Sie (accusative personal pronoun singular)
ihn (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (accusative masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sie (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
se (accusative feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
es (accusative neuter personal pronoun singular third-person)
uns (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
eich (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sie (accusative personal plural pronoun third-person)

Compare German du, English thou, Swedish du.


du

From Old Frisian thū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū.


du

head

du (objective case dee, vocative dee, possessive determiner dines)

dee (objective)
dee (vocative)
dines (determiner possessive)


du

jag (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mig (first-person oblique personal pronoun singular)
mej (colloquial first-person oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling singular)
min (first-person personal possessed-common possessive pronoun singular)
mitt (first-person personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular)
mina (first-person personal possessed-many possessive pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dig (oblique personal pronoun second-person singular)
dej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling second-person singular)
din (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ditt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person singular)
han (masculine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
honom (masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
han (informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (dialectal informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hans (masculine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hon (feminine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
henne (feminine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hennes (feminine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
henom (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
hens (gender-neutral neologism personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (common-gender personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (neuter personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
man (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
ens (indefinite personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sig (oblique personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive singular third-person)
sin (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sitt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
vi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
oss (first-person oblique personal plural pronoun)
vår (first-person personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
våran (first-person informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
vårt (first-person personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
vårat (first-person informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
våra (first-person personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun)
ni (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eran (informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
ers (formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
ert (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
erat (informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
era (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
I (archaic nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eders (archaic formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
edert (archaic personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
edra (archaic personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
de (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial nominative personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
dem (oblique personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
deras (personal plural possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun third-person)
sig (oblique personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive third-person)
sin (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sitt (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sina (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)

From Old Swedish þū, from Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Nisse, du är en liten groda

Det finns bara en av mig och det är jag. Det finns bara en av dig och det är du. Det finns bara två av oss, och det är vi.
There is only one of me and that is I. There is only one of you [object] and that is you [subject]. There are only two of us, and that is us [we – subject]. [Swedish has some of the same subject/object fuzziness as English, but a standalone "Det är " idiomatically (through intuition rather than being taught) uses the subject form]

1981, X Models (lyrics and music), “Två av oss [Two of us]”

TV Konstrijke Mästare, godt rådh giff,

1649, Jacobus Petri Chronander, Bele-Snack, Eller Een Ny Comœdia, act I, scene IV, page 40

THOU artful Master, good counsel give,
Should one now spare this scoundrel's life?

Skall man nu skona thenna skelmens lijff?


hûn

From Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬏𐬲𐬆𐬨 (yūžəm), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyám), English you.


san

san m (feminine sin, neuter sin, plural sin)

sin (feminine)
sin (neuter)
sin (plural)


tanto

From Old Galician-Portuguese tanto, from Latin tantus.

so much / so many (a large or excessive amount)


tanto

Lin tantos [libros] coma o meu irmán.

I have read as many [books] as my brother.


tanto

tanta (feminine)
tanti (masculine plural)
tante (feminine plural)


tanto

tanta (feminine)
tantos (masculine plural)
tantas (feminine plural)


tanto

Li tantos livros quanto meu irmão.

I have read as many books as my brother.


tanto

tanto monta, monta tanto, Isabel como Fernando


ese

ese m (feminine esa, neuter eso, masculine plural esos, feminine plural esas, neuter plural esos)

esa (feminine)
eso (neuter)
esos (masculine plural)
esas (feminine plural)
esos (neuter plural)

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of ése

masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown

when the subject is plural and of mixed gender

Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity

Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to


bo

From Portuguese vós. Cognate with Kabuverdianu bo.


bo

From Portuguese vós and Spanish vos and Kabuverdianu bo.


yon

From Middle English yon, from Old English ġeon, from Proto-Germanic *jainaz.

As soon as old Andrew came home, his wife and he, as was natural, instantly began to converse on the events of the preceding night; and in the course of their conversation Andrew said, "Gudeness be about us' Jean, was not yon an awfu' speech o' our bairn's to young Jock Allanson last night?"

(dated or dialectal) That one or those over there.


yon

English: yon

Scots: yon, thon

Inherited from Old English ġeon, from Proto-West Germanic *jain, from Proto-Germanic *jainaz.


yon

From Middle English yon, from Old English ġeon, from Proto-Germanic *jainaz. Compare English yon and German jener.


go

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

Widzisz go?


when

From Middle English when(ne), whanne, from Old English hwonne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“at what time, when”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis (interrogative base).
Cognate with Dutch wanneer (“when”) and wen (“when, if”), Low German wannehr (“when”), wann (“when”) and wenn (“if, when”), German wann (“when”) and wenn (“when, if”), Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌽 (ƕan, “when, how”), Latin quandō (“when”). More at who.
Interjection sense: a playful misunderstanding of "say when" (i.e. say something / speak up when you want me to stop) as "say [the word] when".

der

Since when do I need your permission?

Homer, to whom the Muses did carouse
A great deep cup with heav'nly nectar fill'd,
The greatest, deepest cup in Jove's great house,
(For Jove himself had so expressly will'd)
He drank off all, nor let one drop be spill'd;
Since when, his brain that had before been dry,
Became the well-spring of all poetry.

1831 (published), John Davies, Orchestra Or, a Poem of Dancing, in Robert Southey, Select Works of the British Poets: From Chaucer to Jonson, with Biographical Sketches, page 706

[This] we imagined might have been owing to some accidental condition of the system, or perhaps idiosyncracy; this led us to a second trial, but we experienced the same inconveniences, since when, we have altogether abandoned their use.

1833, William Potts Dewees, A Treatise on the Diseases of Females, page 495:

So we combined the Kocher-Langenbeck and iliofemoral approach until 1965, since when we have combined the ilioinguinal and Kocher-Langenbeck approaches.

2012, Emile Letournel, Robert Judet, Fractures of the Acetabulum, Springer Science & Business Media, page 385


many

From Middle English many, mani, moni, from Old English maniġ, moniġ, maneġ (“many”), from Proto-West Germanic *manag, from Proto-Germanic *managaz (“some, much, many”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots mony (“many”), North Frisian manag, manig, mäning (“many”), Saterland Frisian monig, moonich (“many”), West Frisian mannich, mennich (“some, many”), Dutch menig (“many”), Low German männig (“many”), German manch, mannig- (“many, some”), Old Norse mangr, Norwegian mang, Swedish mången, Danish mangen, French maint (“many”), Russian мно́гий (mnógij), Serbo-Croatian and Polish mnogi, Czech mnohý, Scottish Gaelic minig
The noun is from Middle English manye, *menye, from Old English manigeo, menigu (“company, multitude, host”), from Proto-West Germanic *managu, *managī, from Proto-Germanic *managō, *managį̄ (“multitude”), from the same root as the determiner. Cognate with Middle Low German menige, menie, menje (“multitude”), Russian много (mnogo), Serbo-Croatian mnogo.

inh

Many are called, but few are chosen.

An indefinite large number of people or things.

ብዙ

an indefinite large number of people or things


k

(Saru, before vowels) I (first-person singular subject pronoun)


k

From the Abakada alphabet letter k being pronounced as ka.

Nasan k na?

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of ka: you; u


w

(text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of gue.


m

ḿ wēnî

ḿ wēnī


m

a m busa


m

Combining stem of mna used with possessive concords.


m

Standard spelling of n̄ (“I”) (used before bá (“conditional marker”))